1991

AIDS. [videorecording]: Houston, Tex. : Gulf Pub. Co. Video, c1988 1 videocassette : sd., col. ; 1/2 in (Clinical issues in medicine) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101381A; Gotto AM; Greenberg SB
AIDS, hepatitis B : what's your risk. [videorecording]: Houston, Tex. : The College, c1988 1 videocassette (22 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101382A
Teen AIDS in focus. [videorecording]: [San Francisco, Calif.] : City and County of San Francisco, San Francisco Dept. of Public Health, San Francisco Unified School District, c1989 1 videocassette (16 min., 30 sec.) : sd., col. with b&w ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101321A; (Producer) This video is an approach to personalizing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for teens, young adults, their educators, parents, and mentors. The video introduces viewers to three young people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who talk openly about their lives, relationships, and pe
AIDS and the second sex ; What is a family ; A Question of civil rights. [videorecording]: [Boston, Mass.] : WGBH Educational Foundation, c1989 1 videocassette (58 min.) : sd., col. with b&w ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101325A; Jennings P; (Producer) Among minorities, new cases of AIDS are reported at a rate six times greater than among whites. At the same time, minority access to health care is limited, at best, and federal money earmarked for the AIDS programs is not reaching minority communities devastated by the disease.
The:Education of Admiral Watkins ; AIDS update ; A Death in the family. [videorecording]: [Boston, Mass.] : WGBH Educational Foundation, c1989 1 videocassette (59 min.) : sd., col. with b&w ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101339A; Jennings P; (Producer) Retired Admiral James Watkins, a former Chief of United States Naval Operations with no health policy experience, was appointed chairman of the Presidential Commission on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Epidemic by President Ronald Reagan in late 1987. Within eight
Techniques for the prevention of HIV and hepatitis infection in health care workers. Rev. [videorecording]: Research Triangle Park, NC : Glaxo, 1989 1 videocassette (11 min., 45 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in (Masters of medicine) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101416A; Mills J; Luce JM; Gerberding J
The:Psychology of treating patients with HIV disease. [videorecording]: [Research Triangle Park, N.C.] : Burroughs Wellcome Co., c1989 1 videocassette : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 guide Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101455A; McKusick L
2nd Pan American Teleconference on AIDS. [videorecording]: Washington, D.C. : PAHO, c1989 5 videocassettes (6 hr., 6 min., 25 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101465A; St. John RK
Stopping AIDS, stopping drugs ; The Art of medicine. [videorecording]: [Boston, Mass.] : WGBH Educational Foundation, [1989] 1 videocassette (58 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101367A; Jennings P; (Producer) In this episode, the news about AIDS began to contain a clear reason for hope. Research scientists predicted that within several years, AIDS would become a chronic and serious but manageable illness. While scientists searched for an effective treatment, AIDS spread to new populations. In one segment, th
The:Crisis in Poland ; To live with AIDS. [videorecording]: [Boston, Mass.] : WGBH Educational Foundation, c1990 1 videocassette (58 min.) : sd., col. with b&w ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101331A; Jennings P; (Producer) ABC news anchor Peter Jennings takes a journey across Poland to probe some of the reasons behind this country s vulnerability to AIDS including the fact that in this predominantly Roman Catholic country, condoms are not
The:Crisis in Texas ; Prisoners of AIDS. [videorecording]: [Boston, Mass.] : WGBH Educational Foundation, c1990 1 videocassette (57 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101332A; Jennings P; (Producer) Provincial morals and a scarcity of health care professionals, medicines and support groups make living with AIDS in a small community particularly difficult. The program also delves into the impact of AIDS on prison populations.
The:Trial of compound Q ; Money and morals. [videorecording]: [Boston, Mass.] : WGBH Educational Foundation, c1990 1 videocassette (59 min.) : sd., col. with b&w ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101372A; Jennings P; (Producer) After years of criticizing the Food and Drug Administration for its lengthy testing policies, AIDS activists decided to test the experimental Compound Q on themselves. Without FDA sanction or oversight, the activists set out to prove that drug trials could be conducted mor
AIDS in otolaryngology : head and neck surgery. [videorecording]: Washington, D.C. : Health Video Dynamics, c1990 1 videocassette : sd., col. with b&w ; 1/2 in (New perspectives in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101421A; Lucente FE
Changing focus : women, children, and AIDS in the 90's. [videorecording]: Green Bay, WI : NEWIST/CESA no. 7, c1990 1 videocassette (20 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 guide Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101425A; Littig D; of Wisconsin--Green Bay)
The:Science of hope with Jonas Salk. [videorecording]: [New York, N.Y.] : Public Affairs Television, c1990 1 videocassette (28 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101460A; Salk J; Moyers BD; (Producer) Jonas Salk is the developer of the polio vaccine and founder of the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California. He talks about AIDS research and how the technique of negotiating with the AIDS virus offers a way of thinking about human beings as part of, not apart from nature. Salk feels the development of an
Protecting yourself from AIDS for health care workers. [videorecording]: Fullerton, CA : SAVANT ; [United States] : Prudential Insurance Company of America : Midnight Media Group, c1991 2 videocassettes (36 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 guide Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101360A
Protecting yourself from AIDS for laboratory workers. [videorecording]: Fullerton, CA : SAVANT ; [United States] : Prudential Insurance Company of America : Midnight Media Group, c1991 2 videocassettes (39 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 guide Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101361A
The:Gospel alive : caring for persons with AIDS and related illnesses : a pastoral document.: the United States St. Louis, MO : Catholic Health Association of the United States ; Silver Spring, MD : Conference of Major Religious Superiors of Men's Institutes of the United States, 1988 xii, 128 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113738
[L'ARCAT-SIDA : recherche, information, formation, soutien aux malades.]: sa therapeutique Paris : Association pour la recherche clinique contre l'AIDS-SIDA et pour sa therapeutique, [1988] [16] leaves : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113350
[SPID : sindrom priobretennogo immunnogo defitsita.]: Minsk : Belarus', 1988 125 p., [4] p. of plates : ill., ports Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113115; Rytik PG
AIDS update.: Reston, Va. : Cancer Letter, Inc., v Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113945
1989 Bragg mortality/AIDS report.: Atlanta, Ga. (28 Lenox Pointe, N.E., Atlanta 30324) : Bragg Associates, c1989 61 leaves Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113872
[Oeil et SIDA.]: Paris : Doin, c1989 vii, 92 p., 16 p. of plates : ill (Monographie de la Societe francaise d'ophtalmologie) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113409; Le Hoang P
[Le:SIDA : un nouveau defi medical.]: [Montreal] : Association des medecins de langue francaise du Canada, 1989 printing 99 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113470; Olivier C
Sex education and AIDS education in the schools : a survey of state policies, curricula, and program activities.: New York, N.Y. (111 Fifth Ave., New York 10003) : Alan Guttmacher Institute, [1989?] 1 v. (various pagings) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9114362; Kenney A
Epidemiologists, social scientists, and the structure of medical research on AIDS in Africa.: Boston, MA (270 Bay State Rd., Boston 02215) : African Studies Center, Boston University, 1989 19 leaves : ill (Working papers in African studies ; no. 137) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9112867; Packard RM
AIDS : the African perspective of the killer disease.: Accra : Ghana Universities Press, 1989 xiii, 206 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113201; Agadzi VK
[SIDA : mitos y realidades.]: San Jose, Costa Rica : Euroamericana de Ediciones, C.R., 1990 printing xi, 117 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113469; Frajman M
[Un:defi mondial : le SIDA.]: Aubervilliers : Documentation francaise, [1990] 64 p (Problemes politiques et sociaux, ISSN 0015-9743 ; no 625) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113156; Pierret J
Community-based care of persons with AIDS : developing a research agenda : AHCPR conference proceedings, Minneapolis, Minnesota, August 15-16, 1989.: Rockville, MD : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, [1990] viii, 181 p. : ill (DHHS publication ; no. (PHS) 90-3456) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113699
Abstracts of papers presented at the 1990 meeting on modern approaches to new vaccines, including prevention of AIDS : September 12-September 16, 1990.: Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, [1990] xxv, 106 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113910; Brown F
AIDS and intravenous drug use : community intervention and prevention.: New York : Hemisphere Pub. Corp., c1990 xiv, 299 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113944; Leukefeld CG; Battjes R; Amsel Z
Identification and management of asymptomatic HIV-infected persons in New Jersey : a practical protocol for New Jersey clinicians.: Lawrenceville, NJ, USA : Academy of Medicine of New Jersey ; [Trenton, NJ] : New Jersey State Dept. of Health, c1990 1 v. (loose-leaf) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9114139
Inventing AIDS.: New York : Routledge, 1990 ix, 176 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9114150; Patton C
Pediatric HIV infection : selected research issues.: [Washington, D.C.] : Congressional Research Service, the Library of Congress, [1990] 14 p (CRS issue brief) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113803; Johnson JA
Clinical manual for care of the adult patient with HIV infection.: [Boston] : The Hospital, 1990 274, 34 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9114001; Libman H; Witzburg RA
Proceedings : AIDS Prevention and Services Workshop, February 15-16, 1990, Washington D.C.: Princeton, N.J. : Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Communications Office, [1990] 192 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9114321; Fransen VE; Van Wert J; Weisfeld VD
BETAbulletin of experimental treatments for AIDS : a publication of the San Francisco AIDS foundation.: [San Francisco, Calif.] : The Foundation, v. : ill., ports Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113964
AIDS--responses, interventions, and care.: London ; New York : Falmer Press, 1991 vii, 286 p. : ill (Social aspects of AIDS) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9112808; Aggleton P; Hart G; Davies P
State of the state of AIDS in New York : leadership, housing, health care, education, insurance.: New York, NY (129 W. 20th St., NY 10011) : Gay Men's Health Crisis, [1991] 12 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113838
Counseling chemically dependent people with HIV illness.: New York : Harringon Park Press, c1991 Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9114014; Shernoff M
In the midst of winter : systemic therapy with families, couples, and individuals with AIDS infection. 1st ed.: New York : Norton, c1991 xviii, 362 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9114144; Walker G
National AIDS Information Clearinghouse conference calendar. Jan. 1991-Apr. 1991.: Rockville, MD : The Clearinghouse, 1991 2 v Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113786
AIDS and human reproduction.: Basel ; New York : Karger, 1992 xi, 195 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113943; Melica F
The:Time of AIDS : social analysis, theory, and method.: Newbury Park : Sage Publications, c1992 ix, 341 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113850; Herdt GH; Lindenbaum S
Science challenging AIDS : proceedings based on the VIIth International Conference on AIDS, Florence, June 16-21, 1991.: Basel ; New York : Karger, 1992 xviii, 300 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9113089; Giraldo G; Rossi GB
IMMUNOPATHOLOGIC DISEASES: Diagnostic Immunopathology. Colvin RB et al, eds. New York, Raven, p. 41-197, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90658754; Anonymous; No affiliation given; Most of the major forms of glomerulonephritis are characterized by conspicuous glomerular accumulation of immunoglobulins, complement components, or both, often in distinctive patterns or with predominance of a particular immunoglobulin class. The use of immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of the following renal disea
TUMOR MARKERS IN DIAGNOSIS AND SCREENING: Int Congr Ser; 807:3-16 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90657991; Schwartz MK; Dept. of Clinical Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer; Center, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021; A wide variety of substances can be identified as tumor markers. These include tumor-associated antigens, enzymes, specific proteins, and metabolites. Tumor markers employed in screening for cancer in general and in diagnosis and management of germ cell tumors and ovarian, colorectal, lung, breast, and prostate cancer
AIDS: AN EXPLANATION FOR ITS OCCURRENCE AMONG HOMOSEXUAL MEN: Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 449-70 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659654; Sonnabend JA; Dept. of Pediatrics, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Medical Center, New; York, NY; A model is presented to explain the pathogenesis of AIDS in homosexual men; it does not require the participation of HIV or any other novel agent. The essential element of the model is that AIDS pathogenesis is an interactive, multifactorial process resulting from repeated exposures, particularly rectally, to large in
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS AND ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME: Adv Viral Oncol; 8:203-17 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659838; Ernberg I; Dept. of Tumor Biology, Karolinska Inst., Stockholm, Sweden; Next to T-helper lymphocytes, the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-carrying lymphoblasts were the second cell type shown to support HIV replication. The appearance of the oral hairy leukoplakias (OHLs), which can support EBV replication, is considered a bad prognostic sign in otherwise symptom-free HIV carriers. Approx one-fo
RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS AS DIAGNOSTIC AND SCREENING REAGENTS FOR HIV INFECTIONS: EXPERIENCE WITH A COMMERCIAL TEST: HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 77-98, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660256; Decker RH; Dawson GJ; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL; Specificity and sensitivity of antibody-capture ELISAs are influenced significantly by the character and purity of the target antigens. Viral antigens generated by recombinant techniques appear to offer several advantages in new immunoassays for anti-HIV. Since most patients with AIDS and other HIV-infected subjects h
OPTIMAL USE OF DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORIES FOR EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH THE ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME: Infect Dis Ther; 3:401-35 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90665456; Ng VL; Hadley WK; Dept. of Lab. Medicine, Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA; The diagnosis of AIDS depends on laboratory identification of the opportunistic infecting organism(s) as well as on the detection of HIV antibodies, the presence of which are an essential part of an AIDS diagnosis in a patient infected with a less-common opportunistic pathogen. This demand for the services of patholog
THE BIOLOGY OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES: The Epidemiology of AIDS: Expression, Occurrence, and Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Kaslow RA and Francis DP, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, p. 3-17, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90668108; Fultz P; Dept. of Pathology, Sch. of Medicine, Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA; 30322; The genomes of several isolates of HIV from different areas of the world have been sequenced, proteins encoded in the viral gene have been identified, and their individual functions have been studied. Epidemiologic data and clinical observations on immunologic abnormalities in AIDS patients helped to identify the prim
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: The Epidemiology of AIDS: Expression, Occurrence, and Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Kaslow RA and Francis DP, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, p. 48-67, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90668111; Rogers P; Masur H; Presbyterian Univ. Hosp., DeSoto at O'Hara St., Rm. 1304,; Pittsburgh, PA 15213; Since the isolation of HIV-1 and the development of accurate serologic tests, clinical studies have demonstrated that HIV-1 infection is associated with a much broader spectrum of clinical manifestations than those included in the Centers for Disease Control s original definition of AIDS. Clinical manifestations of HI
ANTIVIRAL AGENTS AND VIRAL DISEASES OF MAN. THIRD EDITION: Antiviral Agents and Viral Diseases of Man. Third Edition. Galasso GJ et al, eds. New York, Raven, 786 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676214; Anonymous; No affiliation given; As late as 1979, antiviral agents were somewhat of a novelty in clinical medicine. Their systematic discovery and development had not progressed much beyond research applications. Because of the research efforts stimulated in response to the AIDS epidemic, new antiviral agents have been developed recently. These inclu
HIV AND OTHER HUMAN RETROVIRUSES: Antiviral Agents and Viral Diseases in Man. Third Edition. Galasso GJ et al, eds. New York, Raven, p. 581-646, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676216; Richman DD; Dept. of Pathology, Univ. of California at San Diego, San Diego,; CA 92161; The isolation and characterization of HIV, the human retrovirus that is the etiologic agent of AIDS, has become the most intensively investigated subject in the history of medicine. The Retroviridae consist of three subfamilies, the Oncovirinae, the Spumavirinae, and the Lentivirinae. The Oncovirinae consist primarily
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS AND HUMAN HERPESVIRUS TYPE 6: Antiviral Agents and Viral Diseases in Man. Third Edition. Galasso GJ et al, eds. New York, Raven, p. 647-68, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676217; Straus SE; Medical Virology Section, Lab. of Clinical Investigation, Natl.; Inst. of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892; All human herpesviruses infect and replicate within lymphocytes to some extent, but Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) do so efficiently. The pathogenesis and host responses to infection with EBV (and perhaps with HHV-6) depend more on lymphocytic infection than is evident with other human h
BIOLOGY OF FELINE RETROVIRUSES: Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 33-86, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676220; Hardy WD Jr; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; There are three subfamilies of retroviruses: (1) Oncovirinae, which include such cancer-inducing viruses as the feline leukemia viruses (FeLVs), feline sarcoma viruses (FeSVs), avian leukosis viruses, and murine leukemia viruses; (2) Lentivirinae, which include HIV-1 and HIV-2; and (3) Spumavirinae, which infect many
GROWTH FACTORS AND RECEPTORS: Molecular Genetics in Cancer Diagnosis. Cossman J, ed. New York, Elsevier, p. 49-72, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676245; Leonard WJ; Sharon M; Natl. Inst. of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD; In contrast to the carefully regulated growth control of normal diploid cells, transformed or malignant cells can grow in the absence of exogenous growth factors. The identification of oncogenes and the recognition that some of these oncogenes encode protein with significant homology to cellular growth factor receptor
HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS, TYPE 1, AND HUMAN LEUKEMIA AND LYMPHOMA: Molecular Genetics in Cancer Diagnosis. Cossman J, ed. New York, Elsevier, p. 163-78, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676250; Reitz MS; Lab. of Tumor Cell Biology, NCI, Bethesda, MD; Human T-cell leukemia virus, type 1 (HTLV-1), was the first human retrovirus discovered. It is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), a distinct form of leukemia/lymphoma recognized first in Japan . Reagents from HTLV-1 have aided in the diagnosis of this diseas
LYMPHOID PROLIFERATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME: Molecular Genetics in Cancer Diagnosis. Cossman J, ed. New York, Elsevier, p. 249-72, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676255; Knowles DM; Dalla-Favera R; Coll. of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia Univ., New York, NY; Malignant lymphomas occurring in association with AIDS are a significant and challenging clinical problem, primarily because of their distinctive clinicopathologic features. AIDS-associated lymphoid neoplasia was investigated in New York City. Medical records were screened to identify all patients (pts) seen between J
ERTHYROPOIETIN THERAPY FOR THE ANEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH AIDS AND AIDS THERAPY AND CANCER: Erythropoietin in Clinical Applications: An International Perspective. Garnick MB, ed. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 301-24, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676844; Danna RP; Rudnick SA; Abels RI; The R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Res. Inst., Raritan, NJ; AIDS, like other long-term illnesses such as chronic infections, inflammatory diseases, and cancer, frequently is associated with hypoplastic anemia. Often this anemia resembles the anemia of chronic disease. Therapeutic use of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in anemic patients (pts) seeks to replace or augm
INTERACTION OF HIV WITH ITS CELLULAR RECEPTOR, CD4: PROSPECTS FOR IMMUNOLOGIC INTERVENTION: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 63-92, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676942; Orloff GM; McDougal JS; Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, GA; Because the initial interaction between HIV and host cells involves binding of the viral outer envelope glycoprotein gp120 to the CD4 molecule, much attention has been focused on the envelope and its binding site. Definition of the molecular nature of the CD4 receptor-HIV envelope interaction is not only a key to unde
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE HIV ENVELOPE: IMPLICATIONS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 93-106, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676943; Sodroski J; Kowalski M; Haseltine W; Lab. of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Inst., Boston, MA; The HIV is surrounded by an envelope composed of a lipid bilayer, derived from the host cell as the virus buds, and envelope glycoproteins encoded by the virus. Cleavage of a precursor 160-kD glycoprotein by a cellular protease yields the exterior glycoprotein, gp120, and the transmembrane glycoprotein, gp41. Both pro
CONSERVED AND DIVERGENT FEATURES OF HUMAN AND SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 107-19, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676944; Franchini G; Wong-Staal F; Lab. of Tumor Cell Biology, NCI, Bethesda, MD; The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) has been isolated from captive rhesus macaques with clinical signs of immunodeficiency and chronic degenerative brain disorders resembling human AIDS. Experimental inoculation of SIV in macaques induces immunodeficiency at high frequency, providing an excellent animal model t
GENETIC VARIABILITY IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 121-35, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676945; Hahn BH; Shaw GM; Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; Genetic diversity is a hallmark of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Current knowledge of HIV/SIV genetic variation and how it is generated is reviewed, including polymorphism of HIV isolates and the rapidly evolving mixture of genetic variants, genotypic variation as a result of errors in HIV reverse trans
T-CELL IMMUNITY AND VACCINE ENGINEERING: APPLICATION TO THE AIDS VIRUS: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 139-56, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676946; Cease KB; Berzofsky JA; Dept. of Internal Medicine, Univ. of Michigan Medical Sch., Ann; Arbor, MI; Protective immunity against the AIDS virus is the goal of all current AIDS vaccine research. However, such an immunity has not been demonstrated in man under any circumstances. The development of a safe and effective vaccine for AIDS clearly is one of the most difficult vaccine challenges in history. The role of T-cel
ANTI-HIV-1 ADCC: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 157-77, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676947; Lyerly HK; Tyler DS; Nastala CL; Weinhold KJ; Dept. of Surgery, Duke Univ. Medical Center, Durham, NC; Several virus-specific cytotoxic activities are capable of destroying HIV-1-infected cells. One of these--antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)--is reviewed with respect to HIV-1-specific protective and pathogenic responses, with particular emphasis on recent work by the authors. Topics include target antige
CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES TO HIV-1 IN INFECTED INDIVIDUALS: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 179-94, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676948; Walker BD; Dept. of Medicine, Harvard Medical Sch., Boston, MA; AIDS is associated with a persistent viremia, with virus readily cultured from the peripheral blood of infected individuals. Despite this, most individuals remain asymptomatic for years after infection, suggesting that a virus-specific host immune response might play a role in keeping these people healthy in the face
BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATIONS OF HIV ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEINS EXPRESSED BY RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUS: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 197-217, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676949; Hu SL; Oncogen, Seattle, WA; Vaccinia virus has been used successfully for centuries as the vaccine against smallpox. Recombinant vaccinia viruses have been constructed to express the envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1. Biochemical and immunologic characterization of these proteins is reviewed, and preliminary results of the evaluation of these reco
PROPHYLACTIC AND THERAPEUTIC IMMUNIZATION AGAINST AIDS: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS UNDERLYING A MODIFIED NONINFECTIOUS WHOLE VIRUS APPROACH: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 265-75, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676951; Salk J; Gersten MJ; The Salk Inst. for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA; Post-HIV infection events may be modulated by (1) prepriming the immune system by active immunization of HIV seronegatives, to respond anamnestically to subsequent HIV exposure, to prevent establishment of infection and/or disease or (2) through active and/or passive immunization of HIV seropositives, to prevent, arre
INDUCTION OF PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY AGAINST AN IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE MOUSE RETROVIRUS: POSSIBLE PARALLELS WITH HIV: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 301-18, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676952; Chesebro B; Rocky Mountain Lab., Natl. Inst. of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, Hamilton, MT; Friend virus (FV) maintains a chronic persistent infection of many cell types in vivo. Effective protective immunity should be capable of recognizing both cell-free virions and infected cells. The FV mouse model may be appropriate for studying problems of development of protective immunity that might be relevant to HI
INFECTION OF NONHUMAN PRIMATES WITH HUMAN AND SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 339-49, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676953; Fultz PN; McClure HM; Anderson DC; Yerkes Regional Primate Res. Center, Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA; For an animal model to be useful in vaccine efficacy studies, it must meet the following requirements: (1) essentially all animals become infected following inoculation of virus; (2) infection can be detected easily by isolation of virus, which can be quantified; (3) seroconversion occurs; and (4) infection elicits di
RELEVANT ASPECTS OF HIV-RELATED VIRUSES TO VACCINE DEVELOPMENT: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 351-9, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676954; Kanki PJ; Eichberg JW; Essex M; Harvard AIDS Inst., Harvard Univ., Boston, MA; Monkeys and apes have sometimes been the only animal species other than man infected with important human viruses such as polio, hepatitis B virus, measles, yellow fever, and Marburg virus. HIV-related viruses in primates are discussed in relation to their role in vaccine development. Topics include discovery of simia
USE OF SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS FOR AIDS VACCINE RESEARCH: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 361-7, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676955; Desrosiers RC; Li Y; Daniel MD; New England Regional Primate Res. Center, Southborough, MA; The development of most viral vaccines for use in humans relied heavily on animal models for safety and efficacy testing. It seems likely that animal model testing will play an important role in the development of the best possible AIDS vaccines. The role of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) in AIDS vaccine resea
A SPECIFIC ANTIBODY ACTIVITY THAT NEUTRALIZES HIV INFECTIVITY IN VIVO: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 369-78, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676956; Emini EA; Dept. of Virus and Cell Biology, Merck Sharp and Dohme Res.; Laboratories, West Point, PA; The task of developing a vaccine against HIV is complicated by a lack of fundamental knowledge concerning vaccine-relevant immune responses against the virus. The significance of the general anti-HIV responses elicited during persistent HIV infection remains a question. In vitro HIV-neutralizing antibody and favorable
RECOMBINANT-DERIVED HEPATITIS B VACCINE: A PARADIGM FOR OTHER SUBUNIT VACCINES: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 381-407, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676957; Ellis RW; Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Merck Sharp and Dohme; Res. Lab., West Point, PA; The yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine is the first recombinant-derived vaccine approved for human use. It serves as a paradigm for the development of future recombinant subunit vaccines. The molecular biology and expression system, preclinical biological analysis of vaccine antigen, and clinical testing of this virus
CLINICAL TRIALS OF AIDS VACCINES: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 425-38, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676958; Koff WC; Wescott SL; Hoth DF; Vaccine Res. and Development Branch, Natl. Inst. of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD; Concomitant with the efforts in preclinical vaccine development, preliminary clinical trials of experimental AIDS vaccines have been initiated in the absence of demonstrable protective immunity in animal models. Major issues associated with clinical trials of AIDS vaccines are discussed, including design of Phase 1, 2
ONCOGENESIS: ONCOGENES IN SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND CELL PROLIFERATION: Adv Applied Biotechnol Ser; 6:1-343 1990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91677155; Anonymous; No affiliation given; So far about 55 oncogenes have been identified. The products of many of these genes have been identified in cells and great efforts are now being made to understand the biology and role of these oncogene products in cell development and growth. Just how these gene products interact and affect the initiation of cell gr
DOMINANT NEGATIVE MUTATIONS OF RAS ONCOGENES: Adv Applied Biotechnol Ser; 6:77-91 1990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91677161; Shih TY; Ogiso Y; Gutierrez L; Wrathall LS; Hwang YW; Lab. of Molecular Oncology, NCI, Frederick, MD 21701-1013; A general approach to elucidate the cellular function of a molecularly cloned regulatory gene is to construct dominant negative mutants capable of functional inactivation of the resident wild type gene when introduced into a recipient cell. Regulatory molecules in general possess at least two functional domains for re
FACTORS INVOLVED IN IMMUNE MODULATION OF BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS INFECTION: Diss Abstr Int [B]; 51(9):4223 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676122; Pool WV; Louisiana State Univ. and Agricultural and Mechanical Coll.; Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an exogenous type-C retrovirus which can induce an aleukemic (AL) stage, a persistent lymphocytotic (PL) stage, or a lymphosarcomatous stage in infected animals. After experimental infection with BLV, whole blood and serum samples were obtained from 12 holstein heifers for 103 wk and use
BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS (BLV): A MODEL VIRUS FOR THE HUMAN T LYMPHOCYTOTROPHIC RETROVIRUSES: Diss Abstr Int [B]; 51(9):4222 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676137; Johnson R; Michigan State Univ.; The objective of these studies was to investigate the potential of BLV infection in sheep as a model system for studying the biology of leukemogenic retroviruses of animals and humans. A prospective study of the serologic, hematologic, and histologic changes of sheep infected with BLV was done. Whole blood from a BLV
KAPOSI'S SARCOMA: PATHOGENESIS, ULTRASTRUCTURE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY: Diss Abstr Int [C]; 52(1):99 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676166; Dictor MR; Lunds Universitet, Sweden; Kaposi s sarcoma is an abnormal proliferation of lymphatic and venous endothelium beginning at the capillary level. Coupling between lymphatics and veins is suggested histologically by glomeruloid structures at the capillary level and radial venolymphatics during orthograde progression of the lesion along veins. Abnor
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION IN RELATION TO CERVICAL CANCER: STUDIES AND OBSERVATIONS OF BASIC CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CANCER OF THE CERVIX WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KENYA, AFRICA: Diss Abstr Int [C]; 52(1):91 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676168; Rogo KO; Umea Universitet, Sweden; Carcinoma of the cervix is the most common female malignancy in Kenya . No screening program has been started in the country and, with only one public hospital with a high-energy radiation facility, few women receive optimal care. Little is known about the epidemiology of the disease
ORGAN DISTRIBUTION OF FOLATES IN TRANSGENIC MICE WITH TUMORS AND IN NONTRANSGENIC LITTERMATES (MEETING ABSTRACT): FASEB J; 5(6):A1639 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676495; Bills ND; Hinrichs SH; Clifford AJ; Dept. of Nutrition, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616; Transgenic mice (TM) with known predisposition to develop neoplasia (Science 237:1340-3, 1987) were fed a cereal-based diet since weaning and used to evaluate the effects of cancer on distribution of total body folate among major host organs and tumors. TM have germ line transmission of a transgene incorporating the l
IN VITRO EFFECT OF ANTISENSE OLIGOMERS ON INFECTION WITH AND PRODUCTION OF MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR VIRUS (MMTV) (MEETING ABSTRACT): FASEB J; 5(6):A1705 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676500; Rucker P; Myers WL; Southern Illinois Univ. Sch. of Medicine, Springfield, IL; 62794-9230; The use of antisense oligomers has been shown to be effective in inhibiting replication of another retrovirus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The purpose of this study was to investigate antisense oligomers which may be useful in inhibiting MMTV infection and/or replication. We have synthesized five 20-mer oligom
ENHANCEMENT OF LOW-DOSE MELPHALAN-INDUCED TUMOR ERADICATING IMMUNITY BY DEPLETION OF CD4+ T-CELLS (MEETING ABSTRACT): FASEB J; 5(6):A1773 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676525; Weiskirch LM; Mokyr MB; Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612; We have previously shown that a low dose (2.5 mg/kg) of melphalan (L-phenylalanine mustard; L-PAM) is curative for approx 90% of BALB/c mice bearing a large sc MOPC-315 tumor and extensive metastases if CD8+ T-cell-dependent antitumor immunity aids in tumor eradication. The CD8+ T-cells were shown to eradicate at leas
CONCEPTS OF CANCER BIOLOGY: TUMOR IMMUNOLOGY: Comprehensive Textbook of Oncology. Second Edition. Moossa AR et al, eds. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, p. 101-19, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676538; Anonymous; No affiliation given; There is justifiable optimism for a renewed intensification of efforts to translate modern immunology and molecular technology into tumor immunotherapeutic protocols. Activating the immune system can cause a response against quiescent tumor cells and lymphocytes can retain long-term memory for tumor-specific reactivit
APPROACHES TO SPECIFIC NEOPLASMS: ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME: Comprehensive Textbook of Oncology. Second Edition. Moossa AR et al, eds. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, p. 1313-36, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676558; Anonymous; No affiliation given; Since 1981, when the first cases of AIDS were reported by the Centers for Disease Control, much has been learned about this disorder. Dramatic scientific achievements have occurred nearly every year since AIDS was first defined; these include discovery of the etiologic agent (HIV), development of a blood test for anti
APPROACHES TO SPECIFIC NEOPLASMS: CHILDHOOD CANCER: Comprehensive Textbook of Oncology. Second Edition. Moossa AR et al, eds. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, p. 1469-614, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676563; Anonymous; No affiliation given; Only 6% of cancer deaths occur under 45 yr of age and less than 1% occur under 14 yr of age. Impressive progress has been made in the treatment of most childhood malignancies, but it is estimated that of the approx 6000 children under 14 yr of age who develop cancer each year in the United
AIDS VACCINE RESEARCH AND CLINICAL TRIALS: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, 480 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676940; Anonymous; No affiliation given; Recently, impressive strides have been made in the development of vaccines against complex viruses such as hepatitis B. However, HIV has several characteristics that make it a more formidable challenge: it is a retrovirus; it varies the amino-acid sequence of the envelope and other immune targets; readily available an
FEATURES OF THE HIV ENVELOPE AND DEVELOPMENT OF A SUBUNIT VACCINE: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 3-61, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676941; Putney SD; Javaherian K; Rusche J; Matthews T; Bolognesi DP; Repligen Corporation, Cambridge, MA; A major question in the development of an HIV vaccine is whether the body can mount an immune response capable of preventing initial infection and, if so, whether cell-mediated or antibody-mediated immunity is required. The characteristics of the HIV envelope, mapping of determinants that are targets for immune respon
CD4-GP120 INTERACTION: IDIOTYPE MIMICRY AS PUTATIVE VACCINES AND THERAPEUTICS AGAINST HIV INFECTION: AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 241-64, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676950; Kennedy RC; Chanh TC; Maino VC; Warner NL; Koff WC; Dept. of Virology, and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Res., San Antonio, TX; The network theory of immune regulation was proposed to explain how idiotype anti-idiotype interactions may be involved in regulating the immune response to an antigen. An idiotype (Id) defines the variable (V) region of the antibody molecule and often serves as a V region phenotypic marker. Even within a single antib
Risk reduction and stabilization of HIV seroprevalence among drug injectors in New York City and Bangkok, Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):20 (abstract no. M.C.1). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000191; DesJarlais DC; Choopanya K; Wenston J; Vanichseni S; Sotheran JL; Plangsringarm K; Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; OBJECTIVE: To compare long term and recent trends in HIV seroprevalence and AIDS risk reduction among drug injectors in New York City (NY) and Bangkok (B). METHODS: Data on seroprevalence and risk behavior have been collected by the participating researchers since early in the epidemic in both cities. New subjects wer
The impact of STD control and condom promotion on the incidence of HIV in Kinshasa prostitutes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):20 (abstract no. M.C.2). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000291; Mulivanda T; Manoka AT; Nzila N; Way W; St Louis M; Piot P; Laga M; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire; OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of an intervention programme, including condom distribution and treatment for STD, on the incidence of HIV and other STD among female prostitutes in Kinshasa. METHODS: Prostitutes were asked to return monthly to a women s clinic where they were interviewed about their sexual exposure
Perinatal HIV-1 transmission in Nairobi, Kenya: 5 year follow-up.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):20 (abstract no. M.C.3). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000391; Datta P; Embree J; Ndinya-Achola JO; Kreiss J; Plummer FA; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; OBJECTIVE: To determine the perinatal HIV-1 transmission rate and evaluate the associated child morbidity and mortality. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of infants born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers (case children) and those born to HIV-1 seronegative mothers (control children). HIV infection in a case child was def
Assessment of incidence and risk factors for male to female HIV transmission.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):20 (abstract no. M.C.4). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000491; Musicco M; Saracco A; Nicolosi A; Gervasoni C; Arici C; Angarano G; Vaccher E; Quirino T; Sinicco A; Turbessi G; et al; National Research Council of Italy, ITBA - Department of; Epidemiology, Milan, Italy; OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional and prospective study of 524 women who were steady partners of HIV-infected men was carried out in order to assess the incidence and risk factors of man-to-woman sexual HIV. METHODS: The survey considered women, with no risk factors other than that of exposure to their sexual partner, r
Small regions of the env and tat genes control cellular tropism, cytopathology and replicative properties of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):21 (abstract no. M.A.5). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000591; Cheng-Mayer C; Shioda T; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143-0128; OBJECTIVE: To identify genetic regions of HIV-1 that control the pathogenic properties of the virus. METHODS: Recombinant viruses were generated between two sequential isolates (HIV-1SF2, HIV-1SF13) that are highly related at the genomic level and yet display distinct in vitro biological properties. RESULTS: The seque
Factors governing HIV-1 persistence in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):21 (abstract no. M.A.6). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000691; Stevenson M; Bukrinsky MI; Stanwick TL; Dempsey MP; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA; The underlying basis for HIV-1 persistence and latency and the nature of the virus reservoir in the course of AIDS remains unresolved. The large number of cells in infected individuals which harbor proviral DNA is difficult to reconcile with low numbers of productively infected cells suggesting a restricted reservoir
Mutation in T cell epitopes of HIV gag provides a mechanism for escape from immune control.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):21 (abstract no. M.A.7). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000791; Phillips R; Rowland-Jones S; Gotch F; Nixon DF; Ogunlesi A; Edwards J; McMichael AJ; Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford,; UK; OBJECTIVE: In longitudinal studies of HIV positive haemophiliacs, three distinct cytotoxic T cell (CTL) epitopes have been identified in Gag. To investigate the mechanism of fluctuation in CTL recognition of these epitopes and to search for escape mutants, we have determined the nucleotide sequence of HLA-B8 restricte
Genomic diversity and antigenic variation of the V3 domain as determining factors of HIV-1 pathogenesis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):21 (abstract no. M.A.8). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000891; Goudsmit J; Wolfs T; Kuiken C; Zwart G; Tersmette T; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam,; the Netherlands; OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the diversity of the viral population, the emergence of HIV-1 variants escaping V3 specific antibody, the switch in virus phenotype from non-syncytium inducing (NSI) to syncytium inducing (SI), and progression to AIDS. METHODS: Sequential serum samples were used as sour
Role of N-linked glycans in the folding of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):24 (abstract no. M.A.9). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1000991; Fenouillet E; Gluckman JC; CERVI, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris - France; OBJECTIVE: Our recent results indicate that carbohydrates (CHO) present on mature env glycoproteins (gp) do not play a major role for HIV-1 infectivity (J. Exp. Med. 1989, March; J. Virol. 1990, June). However, sugar analogs like 1 deoxynojirimycin (dNM) that interfere with the glycosylation process of nascent gp160 m
Quantitative analysis of the binding kinetics and thermodynamics of gp120-CD4 interaction reveals a three step process and a new mode of allosteric inhibition of gp120 binding.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):24 (abstract no. M.A.10). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001091; Repke H; Shin J; Haseltine WA; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; OBJECTIVE: To understand the conformational pertubations of CD4 and gp120 during the binding process and to find alternative ways of inhibiting binding, syncytia formation and infectivity. METHODS: gp120 (HIV-1 and HIV-2), soluble and membrane bound CD4/CD4-mutants and immunoadhesins were used to study association/dis
Recovery of C8166 cells from HIV infection is due to reversibility of provirus integration.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):24 (abstract no. M.A.11). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001191; Benedetto A; Di Caro A; Elia G; Garbuglia AR; Delfini C; Center Virology, S. Camillo Hosp; Rome; OBJECTIVE: Investigation of CD4 receptor, citopathic effect, viral expression, and integration in C8166 cells and in derived clones, surviving to HIV (HTLV-IIIB) infection. METHODS AND RESULTS: C8166 cells show maximal susceptibility to HIV, resulting in a near-synchronous infection cycle and cell death, within 4-5 da
Function of the HIV-1 envelope carboxyl terminus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):24 (abstract no. M.A.12). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001291; Gabuzda D; Lever A; Haseltine W; Sodroski J; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston,; MA, USA; OBJECTIVE: The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein carboxyl terminus contains sequences which are essential for efficient viral replication. To determine the function of this domain in the virus life cycle, the effect of mutations in the carboxy terminal 160 amino acids of gp41 on viral replication, envelope glycoprotein synt
Metabolic and structural effects of the interaction of HIV with PBL and lymphoblastoid cells can be monitored with 1H NMR.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):25 (abstract no. M.A.13). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001391; Federico M; Maggiorella MT; Sulli N; Guidoni L; Luciani AM; Rosi A; Viti V; Verani P; Rossi GB; Lab.di Fisica e INFN sez. Sanita; OBJECTIVE: To elucidate changes induced in cell membrane organization and in cellular lipid metabolism following HIV infection of susceptible cells, taking advantage of NMR spectroscopy that can be performed on intact viable cells. METHODS: PHA stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), like other proliferat
Noncompetitive inactivation of HIV-1 by rCD4 and CD4-Ig.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):25 (abstract no. M.A.14). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001491; Berkower I; Murphy D; Smith GE; CBER FDA, Bethesda, MD, USA; OBJECTIVE: To determine how many recombinant CD4 (rCD4) or CD4-immunoglobulin hybrid molecules must bind each virus to cause inactivation. METHODS: HIV-1 inactivation by rCD4 and CD4-Ig were measured in a sensitive plaque-forming assay, which gave a quantitative measure of virus survival as a fraction of input virus.
HIV envelope contains a structural MHC class II homology consistent with an alloepitope.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):25 (abstract no. M.A.15). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001591; Dalgleish A; Habeshaw J; Manca F; Hounsell E; MRC Clinical Research Centre Harrow HA1 3UJ UK; OBJECTIVE: 1) To show that gp120 contains an alloepitope which would be available to interact with the T cell receptor (TCR), and to explore if this interaction is with a specific V-alpha/beta region of the TCR. 2) To determine if T cell responses against HIV are T cell restricted at the V-alpha/beta level. METHODS: M
Molecular mimicry between HIV-1 gp41 and HLA class II: correlation between the generation of crossreactive antibodies, T cell function, and disease progression in infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):25 (abstract no. M.A.16). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001691; Golding H; Clerici M; Mann D; Shearer GM; Blackburn R; Division of Virology, FDA, Bethesda, MD, USA; Two highly homologous sequences were found in conserved regions of HIV-1 gp41 (aa837-844), and human HLA class II beta chains (aa19-25). Early study demonstrated that 35% of HIV-1 infected individuals produce antibodies against the gp41 sequence which crossreact with HLA class II bearing cells (CRAb). Such CRAb could
Role of the LFA-1/ICAM-1/2 pathway of cell adhesion in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):26 (abstract no. M.A.17). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001791; Butini L; Pantaleo G; Poli G; Dayton A; Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of the LFA-1/ICAM-1/2 pathway of cell adhesion in the process of HIV-mediated cell fusion and HIV spreading. METHODS: Jurkat cells were transfected with HXB2, a plasmid that contains a full length, infectious human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-IIIB. PHA-activated LFA-1+ and LFA-1(-) [ob
Research for the effect of gp120/CD4 interactions in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):26 (abstract no. M.A.18). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001891; Amadori A; Zamarchi R; Veronese ML; DeSilvestro G; Salmaso L; Barelli A; Borri A; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, Padova, ITALY; PREMISS: Much in vitro data indicate the effects of gp120/CD4 interactions, but no evidence that this phenomenon occurs in vivo has been provided so far. METHODS: PBL were analyzed cytofluorographically with different mAb against CD4; CD4 expression and proliferative response to anti-CD3 was studied before and after i
The role of IL-6 and TNF-alpha production by B-lymphocytes in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):26 (abstract no. M.A.19). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1001991; Rieckmann P; Poli G; Fox CH; Kehrl JH; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,; USA; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of IL-6 and TNF-alpha produced by activated B cells in HIV infected individuals for their potential to support B cell activation and HIV expression. METHODS: B cells were isolated from the blood or lymph node, cultured in the presence or absence of polyclonal B cell activators or rec
Effect of in vitro infection with HIV-1 on the function of CD4+ antigen-specific human T cell clones.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):26 (abstract no. M.A.20). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002091; Romagnani S; Macchia D; Parronchi P; Piccinni MP; Simonelli C; Ravina A; Mazzetti M; Santoni F; Maggi E; Istituto di Clinica Medica 3, Universita di Firenze (Italia); OBJECTIVE: To examine the alterations induced by HIV-1 infection on the function of helper T cells with particular regard to their involvement in the polyclonal B cell response. METHODS: In vitro infection with HIV-1 of PPD- or tetanus toxoid-specific CD4+ human T cell clones (TCC) derived from uninfected individuals.
Prevention of HIV-2 and SIVsm infection by passive immunization in cynomolgus monkeys.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):27 (abstract no. M.A.21). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002191; Putkonen P; Thorstensson R; Albert J; Hild K; Biberfeld G; Norrby E; Dept. of Immunology, National Bact. Lab.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of passive immunization against HIV-2 and SIVsm infection in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca Fascicularis). METHODS: Sera with high antibody titers were heat treated and injected intravenously (iv) into naive animals six hours before iv challenge with live homologous cell-free virus. In
HIV2 ROD infection of macaques resulted in U3 deletion in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):27 (abstract no. M.A.22). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002291; Nicol I; Boussin F; Vogt G; LeGrand R; Montagnier L; Dormont D; CEA, CRSSA, DSV/DPTE/SSA, Fontenay aux Roses, France; OBJECTIVES: AIDS-like clinical manifestations were observed in an HIV2-ROD infected macaque (33215). This isolate was reinoculated into macaques to obtain an animal model for AIDS disease. Here, we report the in vivo HIV2-ROD genomic variations in the monkey 33215 and the results of the second inoculation. METHODS: In
Generation of high amounts of replicative defective infectious SIV by transcomplementation of a mutated rev with HTLV-1 rex.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):27 (abstract no. M.A.23). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002391; Krohn K; Hakkarainen K; Aavik E; Dewhurst S; Sadaie R; Mullins J; University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; OBJECTIVE: Genetically engineered replication deficient viruses can theoretically be used as attenuated vaccines. In HIV and SIV, the rev protein is known to be necessary for expression of viral structural proteins and for the production of infectious virus. We have determined the ability of HTLV-1 rex protein to comp
Vaccination against SIV in macaques.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):27 (abstract no. M.A.24). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002491; Mills KH; Stott EJ; Chan WL; Taffs LF; Cranage M; Greenaway P; Thiriart C; DeWilde M; Bruck C; Page M; et al; NIBSC, Potters Bar, Herts., UK; OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of SIV vaccines to generate humoral and cell-mediated immunity and to protect against challenge in an SIV macaque model. METHODS: Macaques were immunized with 4 doses of inactivated whole virus or recombinant SIV proteins. Humoral immune responses were tested by ELISA, immunoblots, RIP
Mapping of neutralizing antibodies on the SIV env glycoprotein.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):28 (abstract no. M.A.25). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002591; Collignon C; Thiriart C; Langedijk H; Meloen R; Desrosiers R; DeWilde M; Bruck C; SmithKline Beecham Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium; Several monoclonal antibodies were derived from Balb/c mice immunized with vaccinia expressed SIV gp150. These reagents were characterized for reactivity to different forms of SIV envelope protein and to different SIV isolates using radioimmunoprecipitation and Western Blot (WB). Among these, 2 showed a neutralizing a
Changes in the transmembrane protein are associated with cytopathic effects of SIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):28 (abstract no. M.A.26). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002691; LaBranche CC; Bugelski PJ; Hart TK; Hoxie JA; Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; OBJECTIVE: To identify the determinants of cytopathogenesis in a cytopathic variant of molecularly-derived SIVmac251. METHODS: SIVmac251 has been shown to infect SUP-T1 cells without killing, fusion, or CD4 down-modulation. A cytopathic variant of this virus arose spontaneously during long-term culture. The parental a
c-sis/PDGFB is transcribed in primary lymphocytes exposed to HTLV-1: a possible role for the PDGF autocrine circuit in the control of proliferation in infected cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):28 (abstract no. M.A.27). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002791; D'Onofrio C; Faraoni I; Macchi B; Bonmassar E; Dept. Exp. Med. Biochem. Sci., II University of Rome, Rome, Italy; OBJECTIVE: PDGF has been described not to be expressed in T lymphocytes under physiological conditions. More recently, PDGFB and its receptor have been found to be expressed in T cell lines infected with HTLV-I (D Onofrio et al., J. IFN Res.9(2s):S82, 1989; Goustin et al., Growth Factors 2:189, 1990). These data sugge
Comparative analysis of HTLV-I envelope sequences.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):28 (abstract no. M.A.28). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002891; Calabro ML; Hoad JH; Matutes E; Catovsky D; Weiss RA; Schulz TF; Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs., London,; England; OBJECTIVE: Comparative analysis of HTLV-I envelope sequences derived from ATL cases of different countries was performed in order to evaluate their genetic distance from prototype sequences and to identify amino acid changes localized in immunogenic regions of the envelope. METHODS: PCR-amplified envelope regions of 5
Comparison of HTLV-I/II infection by serology & PCR.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):29 (abstract no. M.A.29). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1002991; Smith D; Mann T; Anderson E; Canavaggio M; Lee H; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL; OBJECTIVE: HTLV-I EIA screening assays and the confirmatory procedures of Western blot (WB) and radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) show reactivity with antibodies to HTLV-I and the closely related HTLV-II. Patterns of serologic reactivity were compared to HTLV-I or II PCR results. METHODS: 181 serologically confirmed sam
Loss of antibody reactivity against cytomegalovirus during asymptomatic and late phases of HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):29 (abstract no. M.A.30). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003091; Fehniger TE; Converse P; Strannegard O; Ehrnst E; Maasho K; Sonnerborg A; Britton S; Karolinska Institute, Dept. of Infectious Diseases; OBJECTIVE: To define the patterns of antibody reactivity against CMV in HIV-1 infected subjects. METHODS: The study group of CMV seropositive subjects included HIV+ clinically asymptomatic (asym: n=13), ARC/AIDS (n=7), and HIV- homosexual and non-homosexual adul
Interactions of HIV and HPV in the development of penile cancers.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):29 (abstract no. M.A.31). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003191; Tornesello ML; Beth-Giraldo E; Galloway DA; McDougall JK; Buonaguro FM; Giraldo G; Natl. Cancer Institute Fond. Pascale, Naples, Italy; OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the interactions and the role of HIVs and HPVs in the etiopathogenesis of penile cancers from patients of African regions with high prevalence of HIV infections and genital neoplasms. METHODS: To test the prevalence of HIVs and HPVs, DNAs extracted from Penile Cancers (PC) biopsies were tested b
HHV-6 as a potential cofactor in AIDS: transcriptional activation of CD4 and induction of susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in CD8+ T lymphocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):29 (abstract no. M.A.32). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003291; Lusso P; Malnati M; DeMaria A; Lori F; Garzino-Demo A; Arya S; Gallo RC; LTCB, NCI, Bethesda, MD; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible role of HHV-6 as a cofactor in AIDS and the interactions between HHV-6 and HIV-1. METHODS: Limiting dilution cell cloning, magnetic bead separation, fluorocytometry, Northern blot, PCR, p24 Ag capture, PFA inhibition, DEAE-Dextran transfection. RESULTS: Productive HHV-6 infection
Identification of a 90K tumor associated antigen in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):30 (abstract no. M.B.33). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003391; Iacobelli S; Natoli C; Tinari N; Ghinelli F; Sighinolfi L; Bicocchi R; Ortona L; Antinori A; Tamburrini E; Cattedra di Oncologia Medica, Universita di Chieti; A 90.000 molecular weight protein (90K), detected by a monoclonal antibody has been identified in the sera of patients with various malignancies. We recently observed 3 cases of Kaposi s sarcomas who had the highest 90K levels yet recorded in our laboratory. This prompted us to investigate this antigen in HIV infectio
Acid hydrolysis increases the sensitivity of p24 antigen detection for the evaluation of antiviral therapy in asymptomatic HIV-1 infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):30 (abstract no. M.B.34). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003491; Bollinger RC; Kline R; Francis H; Moss M; Bartlett JG; Quinn T; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; OBJECTIVE: The sensitivity of p24 antigen detection in asymptomatic HIV infected individuals is decreased by the presence of HIV-specific antibody. We examined the effect of acid pretreatment on the sensitivity of antigen detection in asymptomatic HIV infected patients in order to evaluate the effect of
Serial CD4 counts in relation to the decision to treat asymptomatic HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):30 (abstract no. M.B.35). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003591; Aledort LM; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York City, NY; A rapid, steady decline in CD4 usually precedes the onset of AIDS. This suggests that a large change between visits may indicate imminent progression, and identify the asymptomatic persons most likely to benefit from anti-retroviral therapy. We tested the hypothesis by determining the individual and combined predictiv
Human herpes virus 6 and markers of disease progression in HIV-positive males.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):30 (abstract no. M.B.36). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003691; Fairfax M; Schacker T; Cone R; Collier A; Corey L; Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, University of; Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the natural history of human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) in HIV-infected males by comparing the amount of HHV-6 DNA in blood and saliva with stage of disease, T cell subsets, anti-viral therapy, and serology. METHODS: Blood and saliva were collected from 32 HIV-positive males. Semi-quantitative po
Nearly all deaths in patients (pts) on anti-HIV therapy occurred in individuals with less than 50 CD4 cells/mm(3) in the adult NCI experience: implications for the development of CD4 as a mortality risk indicator.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):31 (abstract no. M.B.37). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003791; Yarchoan R; Venzon D; Lietzau J; Pluda JM; Wyvill KM; Steinberg S; Broder S; National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA; OBJECTIVE: Depletion of CD4 cells is central in the pathogenesis of AIDS. However, there is relatively little information available on the relationship between CD4 cells and the immediate hazard of dying. METHODS: Records of 55 consecutive pts with AIDS or severe ARC on AZT-based regimens treated between July 1985 and
A sensitive method for monitoring efficacy of anti-retroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals: a highly sensitive p24 antigen assay.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):31 (abstract no. M.B.38). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003891; Winger EE; Reddy MM; Hargrove D; McHugh T; McKinley GF; Grieco MH; Immunodiagnostic Laboratories, Inc., San Francisco, California,; USA; OBJECTIVE: Current methods for monitoring of HIV viral burden include quantitative PCR, quantitative plasma viral culture and HIV p24 antigen assay. The first two techniques are currently impractical while the latter is relatively insensitive detecting antigen in only a fraction of infected individuals. METHODS: A hig
Estimate of HIV-1 infection among U.S. hospital patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):32 (abstract no. M.C.39). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1003991; Stafford RS; Janssen RS; St Louis ME; Petersen LR; Dondero TJ; the Sentinel Hospital Surveillance Group, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, GA, USA; OBJECTIVE: To estimate the annual number of HIV-1 infected patients admitted to U.S. hospitals. METHODS: As a modified part of CDC s Sentinel Hospital Survey, from 7/89 to 6/90 a systematic sample of blood specimens left over after clinical testing were anonymously tested for antibodies to HIV-1. Sera from 52,500 pati
Intervillage variations in HIV seroprevalence in a rural Ugandan community.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):32 (abstract no. M.C.40). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004091; Kengeya-Kayondo JF; Kamali A; Nunn AJ; Mulder DW; MRC (UK) Programme on AIDS in Uganda; AIMS: The present study examines between-village variation in HIV seroprevalence and explanatory variables for the observed variation. The study is part of the MRC Programe on AIDS which aims, among other objectives, at elucidating the population dynamics of HIV infection. STUDY METHODS: The population cohort covers a
Direct measurement of incidence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in female prostitutes in Senegal.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):32 (abstract no. M.C.41). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004191; Kanki P; M'Boup S; Marlink R; NDoye I; Gueye A; Siby T; Thior I; Dia M; Travers K; Essex M; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; OBJECTIVE: We have followed registered female prostitutes in urban centers in Senegal to better understand the epidemiology of HIV-2 infection. The direct measurement of HIV-2 and HIV-1 incidence allows for a better understanding of HIV population dynamics in this endemic area. ME
Trends in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in Abidjan, Cote D'Ivoire, 1987-1990.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):32 (abstract no. M.C.42). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004291; Doorly R; Kadio A; Brattegaard K; Gnaore E; Coulibaly IM; DeCock KM; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan; OBJECTIVE: To examine trends in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in Abidjan between 1987 and 1990. METHODS: Serum specimens collected between 1987-1990 from 18,045 persons in Abidjan were tested for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies (ELISA; Western blot and synthetic peptide suppemental tests). Groups tested included women of repr
The magnitude of HIV/AIDS epidemic in eastern part of Europe.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):33 (abstract no. M.C.43). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004391; Gromyko A; World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe; By the end of 1990, a total of 41 564 cases of AIDS were reported to the World Health Organization from 31 European countries. Of these only 1466 AIDS cases were reported from the eastern part of Europe, which includes Albania ,
United States Army: 1985-90.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):33 (abstract no. M.C.44). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004491; McNeil J; Brundage J; Gardner L; Wann F; Renzullo P; Burke D; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA; OBJECTIVE: To describe secular trends and demographic correlates of an evolving HIV infection epidemic among soldiers in the United States Army. METHODS: Because soldiers in the US Army are recurrently tested for the presence of HIV antibody, HIV seroconversion rates can be directly me
Risk of developing AIDS after HIV seroconversion in injecting drug users: analysis of early markers of disease evolution.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):33 (abstract no. M.C.45). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004591; Rezza G; Pezzotti P; Lazzarin A; Angarano G; Sinicco A; Aiuti F; Pristera R; Salassa B; Ortona L; Castelli F; et al; IMCSA, AIDS Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanita-Roma (Italy); OBJECTIVE: To examine the risk of developing AIDS, the incubation period to full-blown disease, and risk factors for disease progression among a cohort of Italian seropositive injecting drug users (IDUs). METHODS: A longitudinal study was conducted among IDUs, enrolled in 15 clinical centres in
Sex trade activity among female injection drug users in San Francisco.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):33 (abstract no. M.C.46). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004691; Lorvick J; Watters J; Shade S; Cheng YT; University of California, San Francisco; OBJECTIVE: To measure the frequency of sex-for-money activity among a sample of female injection drug users (IDUs) and examine its relationship to condom use, history of sexually transmitted diseases and rate of HIV infection. METHODS: Using a targeted sampling method, two cross-sections of female IDUs were recruited
HIV wasting syndrome in the United States.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):34 (abstract no. M.C.47). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004791; Nahlen B; Nwanyanwu O; Chu S; Berkelman R; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA; OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of AIDS patients reported with HIV wasting syndrome (WS) in the United States . METHODS: Adult/adolescent AIDS patients (greater than 13 years) reported with WS to CDC from 9/87 through 12/90 were compared to those without WS (non-WS). RESULTS:
Prevalence of HIV infection among injecting drug users in London.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):34 (abstract no. M.C.48). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004891; Crosier AN; Stimson GV; Ettorre EM; Stephens SF; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Charing Cross,; England; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of HIV infection and describe associated risk behaviours among injecting drug users (IDUs) in London, England, in collaboration with the WHO Study on Drug Injecting and Risk of HIV Infection. METHODS: 534 IDUs were recruited, 117 (22%) from 13 treatment sites and 417 (88%) from o
Bleach disinfection of needles by intravenous drug users: association with HIV seroconversion.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):34 (abstract no. M.C.49). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1004991; Vlahov D; Celentano DD; Munoz A; Cohn S; Anthony JC; Nelson KE; ALIVE Study, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD, USA; OBJECTIVE: To examine association between use of bleach disinfection of needles and HIV seroconversion (SC) among intravenous drug users (IVDUs). METHODS: IVDUs initially screened in 1988-89 were scheduled to return for serological rescreens and risk behavior interviews at 6 mos. intervals. The sample for analysis was
The risk that HIV-seropositive drug users (DUs) transmit their HIV-infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):34 (abstract no. M.C.50). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005091; Hartgers C; Krijnen P; VandenHoek JA; Coutinho RA; VanderPligt J; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; OBJECTIVE: To determine rates and potential predictors of HIV-transmission risk behavior in HIV-seropositive (HIV+) DUs (n=122) enrolled in a longitudinal Amsterdam AIDS-study. METHODS: Data on current (i.e. in the previous 4-6 months) sexual and injecting behavior, perception of HIV-transmission risk, self- and respo
African AIDS policies and legal traditions.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):35 (abstract no. M.D.51). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005191; Shandera WX; Dept of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA; OBJECTIVE: To assess current African AIDS policies and determine if policies correlate with legal traditions of responding countries. METHODS: African ministries of health were contacted twice in 1990 regarding HIV/AIDs policies dealing with notification of health authorities and sexual contacts, anti-discrimination,
The Food and Drug Administration's community based research efforts.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):35 (abstract no. M.D.52). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005291; Couig MP; U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA; OBJECTIVE: To expedite access to new therapies for HIV infection and AIDS-related illnesses by expanding access to investigational therapies and by increasing the size of the available data base. Community-based health professionals receive education, training and technical assistance. Information is provided on the
Balancing fear and responsibility: professional ethics in AIDS care.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):35 (abstract no. M.D.53). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005391; Koenig BA; Cooke M; Beery N; Folkman S; University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between fear of AIDS and perceived professional responsibility among U.S. internal medicine residents, and to describe the process of accommodation to AIDS fear while caring for HIV-infected patients. METHODS: A self-administered survey was completed by 40% of medical trainees at
Increasing dentists' willingness to treat HIV+ patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):35 (abstract no. M.D.54). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005491; Sadowsky D; Kunzel C; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; OBJECTIVE: What predicts dentists willingness to treat HIV+ patients (PHIV+)? A model has been developed to answer the question and is described below. METHODS: A disproportionately stratified (high AIDS prevalence urban, other urban, and rural areas) random sample of American general practitioner dentists was drawn
AIDS, euthanasia and grief.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):36 (abstract no. M.D.55). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005591; VandenBoom FM; Mead C; Gremmen T; Roozenburg H; Netherlands Institute of Mental Health, Utrecht, The Netherlands; OBJECTIVE: Gain insight in 1) the occurrence of euthanasia among Aids patients within the context of Dutch euthanasia policy; 2) the grieving process and its complications. METHODS: In-depth structured interviews were held with 59 relatives of deceased Aids patients. RESULTS: Euthanasia was discussed by 60% of all pat
Factors effecting the decision and intention to seek an HIV Ab test.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):36 (abstract no. M.D.56). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005691; Myers T; Orr K; Locker D; Jackson E; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada; OBJECTIVE: To identify among gay and bisexual men the socio-demographic and behavioural variables related to a previous decision or future intention to be tested and to reasons for not being tested. METHODS: A convenience sample of 1295 men who have sex with men was systematically recruited in Toronto s gay identified
Teleconferencing: how 8000 physicians can gain access to the latest medical education on HIV care and treatment.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):36 (abstract no. M.D.57). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005791; Allerton M; Wolfe E; Wibbelsman C; McNalty K; Gordon N; Fuller J; Casal T; Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program (KPMCP), Northern; California Region, Oakland, CA. USA; OBJECTIVE: To increase the number of physicians in a large group practice (n=3000) willing and able to provide primary medical care for HIV infected patients and their families in Northern California KPMCP, a Health Maintenance Organization with 2.4 million members (estimated HIV sero-prevelence of 0.5%) and to make H
Observed and self-reported compliance with universal precautions among emergency department personnel at two suburban community hospitals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):36 (abstract no. M.D.58). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005891; Henry K; Collier P; O'Boyle-Williams C; Campbell S; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN USA; OBJECTIVE: To examine the compliance of Emergency Department (ED) personnel with the Universal Precautions (UP) recommendations derived from CDC guidelines. METHODS: From 6/90-8/90, ED personnel were observed by 7 RNs at 2 medical centers in suburban Minneapolis. In 8/90, a survey was sent to the same personnel to det
Risk of endemic HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission to patients during invasive procedures.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):37 (abstract no. M.D.59). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1005991; Bell DM; Martone WJ; Culver DH; Margolis HS; Shapiro CN; Tokars JI; Marcus R; Furman LJ; Jaffe HW; Curran JW; et al; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA; OBJECTIVE: To estimate 1) the probability (Pr) of endemic HIV and HBV transmission to patients from an infected surgeon or dentist due to percutaneous injury during an invasive procedure; 2) the number of patients infected by this route in the USA between 1980-1990. METHODS: Risk was estimated using data from prospect
Transmission of HIV infection from surgeon to patient: estimating the risk.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):37 (abstract no. M.D.60). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006091; Lowenfels AB; Wormser GP; Departments of Surgery and Division of Infectious Disease,; Department of Medicine, NY Medical College, Valhalla NY. 10595; OBJECTIVE: What is the likelihood of a patient becoming HIV+ as a result of a puncture wound to the surgeon during a typical one hour operative procedure? METHODS: We have used published reports to calculate the overall probability of such an event which depends upon: 1) the probability of a puncture injury during sur
Efficacy of HIV transmission after at-risk exposures in health care settings: the Italian multicentric study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):37 (abstract no. M.D.61). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006191; Ippolito G; Puro V; Angarno G; Arici C; Bertucci R; Bonazzi L; Cadrobbi P; Cestrone A; Chiodera A; Chiriann A; et al; Coordinating Center; AIDS Unit at L. Spallanzani Hospital, Rome,; Italy; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy of HIV transmission after exposures to at/risk body fluids in health care workers (HCW), and to study incidence and type of exposures. METHODS: Data were collected prospectively by 30 hospital occupational health services. All exposed HCW were tested for HIV/Ab at the moment of the acci
Low rate of HIV-1 infection among health-care workers who donate blood.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):37 (abstract no. M.D.62). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006291; Chamberland M; Petersen L; Munn V; White C; Busch M; Grindon A; Kamel H; Ness P; Zeger G; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; OBJECTIVE: To estimate the rate of occupationally-acquired HIV-1 infection among health-care workers (HCWs) who are blood donors (BDs). METHODS: In an ongoing study, HIV-1 seropositive BDs at 20 U.S. blood centers (BCs) are interviewed using a standard protocol to assess HIV risk factors. In these 20 BCs, 1.7% of bloo
Influence of carbohydrate moieties on the immunogenicity of HIV-1 recombinant GP160 (rgp160).: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):38 (abstract no. M.A.63). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006391; Benjouad A; Gluckman JC; Rochat H; Montagnier L; Bahraoui E; CERVI Pitie-Salpetriere Medical School, Paris, France; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the specificity and neutralizing capacity of antibodies raised against native, or partially or totally deglycosylated rgp160 of HIV-1 Bru. METHODS: Rabbits were immunized with rgp160 or deglycosylated derivatives obtained by either neuraminidase, or mannosidase or Endo F-N glycanase. Specific
Development of an AIDS vaccine candidate: recombinant BCG vaccine vehicles induce humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to HIV antigens.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):38 (abstract no. M.A.64). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006491; Aldovini A; Young R; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of; Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA; We have used the potent immunological properties of the human tuberculosis vaccine Mycobacterium bovis BCG to develop a live recombinant vaccine vehicle that can produce selected pathogen proteins and stimulate the mammalian immune system to respond to them. BCG has a number of features that make it a particularly att
Promiscuity of cytotoxic T-cell epitopes from the HIV-1 envelope.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):38 (abstract no. M.A.65). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006591; Berzofsky JA; Shirai M; Metabolism Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; OBJECTIVE: We observed that an immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope of HIV-1 gp160, P18 (residues 315-329), is presented by class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules to helper T cells as well as by class I MHC molecules to CTL, and that several peptides of gp160 identified as helper epit
Induction of anti HIV antibodies by immunization with monoclonal anti-idiotypes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):38 (abstract no. M.A.66). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006691; Zaghouani H; Bona C; Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York USA; Anti-idiotypes which possess the internal image of an antigen can induce protective humoral immunity toward bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. Herein, we demonstrate antigen mimicry by monoclonal anti-idiotypes to a distinct epitope of the HIV envelope protein which is defined by a synthetic peptide. This pept
Progress report IV on AIDS vaccine in human: phase I clinical trial in HIV infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):39 (abstract no. M.A.67). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006791; Zagury D; Picard O; Halbreich A; Bernard J; Carelli C; Bizinni B; Salaun JJ; Lurhuma Z; Mbayo K; Burny A; et al; Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Vaccine trial phase I performed in AIDS patients, using autologous cells expressing HIV1 antigens was performed at the University Clinic of Kinshasa and at Hospital Saint Antoine. Clinical and biological benefit was observed(a,b), but no repair of specific cellular immunity was apparent as if 1) the benefit was due to
Construction of immunogenic synthetic HIV vaccine candidates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):39 (abstract no. M.A.68). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006891; Charles S; Matthews T; Chong P; Haynes J; Rovinski B; Cao SX; Bolognesi D; Klein M; Connaught Centre for Biotechnology Research, 1755 Steeles Avenue; West, Willowdale, Ont. M2R 3T4, Canada; OBJECTIVE: To construct synthetic HIV vaccine candidates using defined T- and B-cell epitopes of HIV structural proteins. METHODS: Chimeric oligopeptides containing either a gp120 or a gp41 B-cell epitope from the MN and LAV isolates, respectively, linked in tandem to either the N- or C-terminus of a defined p24 T-cel
Characterization of human antibody binding sites on the HIV-2 external envelope.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):39 (abstract no. M.A.69). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1006991; deWolf F; Meloen RH; Bakker M; Barin F; Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands; OBJECTIVE: To map linear antibody binding sites on the HIV-2 external glycoprotein (EGP) gp125 and to study antibody reactivity to the most antigenic epitopes in sera of HIV-1- and HIV-2-infected individuals. METHODS: HIV-2 immunoblot positive sera from 8 patients were used for antibody-reactive peptide scanning (PEPS
Human monoclonal antibodies against the putative CD4 binding site and the V3 loop of HIV gp120 act in concert to neutralize virus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):39 (abstract no. M.A.70). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007091; Tilley SA; Honnen WJ; Racho ME; Hilgartner M; Pinter A; Public Health Research Institute, New York, NY; OBJECTIVE: To develop human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) against HIV with potent neutralizing and/or other anti-viral activities. METHODS: HuMAbs were derived by EBV transformation of PBMC from asymtomatic, seropositive hemophiliacs. The specificity of HuMAbs was determined by ELISAs, Western blot and RIPA analyses,
HIV-1 load in the blood is inversely related to the level of reverse transcriptase inhibiting (RTI) antibody.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):40 (abstract no. M.A.71). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007191; Imagawa DT; Kobata H; Lee M; Ueda M; Javier B; Russo F; Aldrovandi G; Detels R; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; OBJECTIVE: Infectious HIV-1 load in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and titer of RTI in the corresponding plasma were evaluated in 54 asymptomatic seropositive homosexual men. METHODS: Limiting dilutions of PBMC were cocultured with PHA- stimulated donor cells in a microculture procedure to quantitate th
Mouse monoclonal antibody (G3-4) defines a novel conformation-dependent epitope on gp120 important for neutralization of divergent HIV-1 isolates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):40 (abstract no. M.A.72). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007291; Ho DD; Fund MS; Li XL; Sun C; Chang NT; Chang TW; Sun NC; The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center and New York University; School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; OBJECTIVE: To define domains in gp120 important for antibody neutralization of divergent HIV-1 isolates. METHODS: G3-4 monoclonal antibody was generated by immunizing mice with purified gp120 of HIV-1 (IIIB), and it has been extensively characterized in radioimmunoprecipitation, neutralization, and gp120-CD4-binding i
V3 epitopes can mediate antibody neutralization and enhancement of HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):40 (abstract no. M.A.73). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007391; Kliks SC; Wu WW; Levy JA; University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA,; USA; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of strain-specific antibody neutralization and enhancement of infection by HIV-1 strains. The studies were undertaken because sera from humans and primates immunized with HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins have been found to have dual properties. METHODS: Human anti V3 monoclonal anti
Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by immunological reagents.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):40 (abstract no. M.A.74). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007491; Ugen KE; Goedert J; Kieber-Emmons T; Merva M; Boyer J; Williams WV; Weiner DB; The Wistar Institute, Department of Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; OBJECTIVE: Understanding the contribution of the humoral immune response to the functions of the HIV envelope in HIV mediated viral entry processes. Anti-syncytial and group specific neutralization activity are observed most frequently in the asymptomatic patient population. High immune responses to the V3 loop region
Persistent inapparent HIV-1 infection of human neuroblastoma cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):41 (abstract no. M.A.75). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007591; Vesanen M; Linna T; Vaheri A; Department of Virology University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; We have studied human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in three different human neuroblastoma cell lines; SK-N-MC, IMR-32 and SH-SY5Y. In all of these cell lines the infection became productive. However, the virus expression was different as determined by the p24 antigen capture assays from culture supe
Neutralization of HIV-1 infection by anti-V3 loop antibody is dependent upon the host cell of the viral inoculum.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):41 (abstract no. M.A.76). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007691; Ohashi K; Popovic M; Liu Y; Hunter E; Javaherian K; Eddy G; Gartner S; Fujisaki Institute, Okayama, Japan; OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether antibodies capable of neutralizing virus infection of T cells can also influence infection of mononuclear phagocytes. METHODS: HIV-1LW-PBM, an isolate from a lab worker infected with HTLV-IIIB was used. To generate viral stocks, early passage virus was transmitted to monocyte/
Synthetic peptides derived from the principal neutralizing domain (PND) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enhance HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):41 (abstract no. M.A.77). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007791; DeRossi A; Pasti M; Mammano F; Panozzo M; Dettin M; DiBello C; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, Institute of Industrial Chemistry,; University of Padova, Italy; OBJECTIVE: To investigate biological properties of PND from different HIV-1 strains. METHODS: 24-mer peptides derived from PND (301-324 aminoacid sequence) of different HIV-1 strains were synthesized on solid support using a peptide synthetizer (Applied Biosystems 431A). Target cell (MOLT-3 and H938) infection with MN
CD4 independent fusion and infection by HIV-2 strains: enhancement by soluble CD4.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):41 (abstract no. M.A.78). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007891; Clapham P; McKnight A; Weiss R; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham; Road, London SW3 6JB, UK; OBJECTIVE: We have characterized HIV-2 fusion and infection of CD4-negative human cell lines. METHODS: HIV-2 strains used were LAV-2ROD, SBL6669, CBL-20, CBL-21, CBL-22 and CBL-23. Human cells included RD/TE671 rhabdomyosarcoma, U87 glioma, HeLa carcinoma, Raji and Daudi B cell lines. HIV-2 fusion was tested by overni
Maternal-fetal HIV-transmission: placental cells CD4 expression and permissivity to infection with HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):42 (abstract no. M.A.79). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1007991; David FJ; Tran HC; Autran B; Raphael M; Menu E; Hsi BL; Barre-Sinoussi F; Chaouat G; INSERM U 262, Clin. Univ. Baudelocque, Paris; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanisms allowing the transplacental passage of HIV, we studied: A- The placental Fc-Receptors (Fc-R), possibly involved in the placental passage of IgG-complexed viral particles. B- The expression of CD4 and the permissivity of placental cells to infection with HIV. METHODS:
Regulation of silent and productive HIV-1 infection in primary monocytes by two distinct genetic determinants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):42 (abstract no. M.A.80). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008091; Westervelt P; Trowbridge DB; Gendelman HE; Ratner L; Departments of Medicine & Molecular Microbiology, Washington; University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; OBJECTIVE: Determination of the molecular basis for HIV-1 tropism for primary human monocytes. METHODS: Recombinant proviral clones were constructed by reciprocal DNA fragment exchange between a monocyte-tropic clone (ADA) and two full-length molecular clones (HXB2 and NL4-3) incapable of infection or replication in p
Clinical and autoptical diagnosis in AIDS: autopsy warns the clinical approach.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):43 (abstract no. M.B.81). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008191; d'Arminio MA; Vago L; Lazzarin A; Formenti T; Rizzardi GP; Guzzetti S; Musicco M; Costanzi G; Moroni M; Clin Inf Dis, Univ Milan, Milan, Italy; OBJECTIVE: To relate clinical and autoptical observations in AIDS patients, stratified according to the indicator diseases and the length of survival. Patients: 533 patients with AIDS since 1984 to Dec 31th, 1990 were included. 341 (64%) were PDA or ex-PDA, 150 (28.1%) homosexual men, 33 (6.2%) heterosexual and 9 (1.7
Bacteremia complicating HIV-infection: frequency, spectrum and outcome.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):43 (abstract no. M.B.82). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008291; Phillips P; Le A; Duncan J; Oh H; Schechter MT; Montaner JS; AIDS Research Programme, St Paul's Hospital, University of; British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada; OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency, spectrum, and outcome of bacteremia in HIV-infected individuals admitted to St. Paul s hospital in the 5 year period ending December, 1990. METHODS: Retrospective review of all hospital admissions of HIV-infected individuals. Bacteremia was defined as 2 or more separate blood cul
Toxoplasmic ocular infection in patients with AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):43 (abstract no. M.B.83). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008391; Accorinti M; Pivetti-Pezzi P; Tamburi S; Ciapparoni V; D'Offizi GP; Tilia G; Catania S; Institute of Ophthalmology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy; OBJECTIVE: To define the characteristic clinical features, the therapeutical regimens and a possible neurological involvement in ocular toxoplasmosis. METHODS: 152 AIDS patients were submitted to an ophthalmological examination. All the subjects with ocular toxoplasmosis underwent also a neurological evaluation includ
Mortality in HIV-1 positive tuberculosis (TB) cases, Nairobi, Kenya.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):43 (abstract no. M.B.84). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008491; Nunn P; Odhiambo J; Brindle R; Carpenter L; Gathua S; Wasunna K; Were J; McAdam K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; OBJECTIVE: To compare mortality rates and causes among HIV+ and HIV- TB cases (PTBC and NTBC respectively). METHODS: 107 HIV PTBC and 174 HIV NTBC were enrolled in a longitudinal follow up study. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were estimated for both groups. Risk factors for mortality by 6 months were determined by prop
ACTG 095: a randomized comparison of foscarnet (FOS) vs. Vidarabine (ARA-A) for treatment of acyclovir (ACV)-resistant mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in patients with AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):44 (abstract no. M.B.85). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008591; Safrin S; Crumpacker C; Chatis P; Davis R; Hafner R; Rush J; Kessler H; Landry B; Mills J; University of California, San Francisco CA; OBJECTIVE: The therapy of ACV-resistant HSV has not been studied in a controlled fashion. We compared FOS to ARA-A in a randomized, multicenter trial. METHODS: Patients with HSV lesions unresponsive to therapy with IV ACV for a minimum of 10 d and which showed in vitro resistance to ACV were randomized to receive FOS
A randomized, controlled study of immediate vs deferred ganciclovir therapy in AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus peripheral retinitis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):44 (abstract no. M.B.86). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008691; Spector SA; Barker C; Buhles W; Feinberg J; Montague P; Weingeist T; DeArmond B; U.C. San Diego; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous ganciclovir (GCV) in treating peripheral CMV retinitis in AIDS patients. METHODS: A randomized, multicenter, controlled trial was conducted in 42 subjects (39 males and 3 females) with CMV peripheral retinitis.
A single, rapid peptide-based immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):45 (abstract no. M.C.87). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008791; Montana JP; Gosting L; Cole CA; Monji N; Su P; Ferrera C; Coleman PF; Genetic Systems Corporation, Redmond, WA., USA; OBJECTIVE: To develop a rapid (10 min.), synthetic peptide-based immunoassay for the separate and simultaneous detection of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 for diagnostic purposes. METHODS: Synthetic peptides representing highly conserved, immunodominant regions of HIV-1 gp41 and HIV-2 gp 36 were adsorbed to latex beads
Alternative screening and supplemental testing strategies for HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):45 (abstract no. M.C.88). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008891; Brattegaard K; Doorly R; Kouadio J; Maran M; George R; Gayle H; De Cock KM; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire; OBJECTIVE: (1) To evaluate rapid tests for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies; (2) to evaluate use of synthetic peptide-based tests (SPT) as supplemental tests instead of Western blot (WB). METHODS: 1000 consecutive pregnant women in Abidjan were screened for HIV-1 and HIV-2 by reference strategy (ELISA/WB/SPT). All specimens
The use of saliva and urine for HIV surveillance in children.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):45 (abstract no. M.C.89). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1008991; Burns SM; Robertson P; Yap PL; Mok JQ; Parry J; Regional Virus Laboratory; OBJECTIVE: Children born to HIV infected mothers require follow-up until their HIV status is determined, and this may take up to 18 months. A study was carried out on a group of known infected and noninfected children to examine the feasibility of using saliva and urine samples as an alternative to blood. Subjects: Fo
A WHO International Quality Assessment Scheme for HIV antibody testing; results from the second distribution of sera.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):45 (abstract no. M.C.90). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009091; Fauquex A; Snell JJ; Supran EM; Tamashiro H; Global Programme on AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate WHO International Quality Assessment Scheme for HIV-1 antibody testing which was established to monitor the quality of laboratory performance in HIV testing in member states. METHODS: Twenty serum specimens, 10 of which contained antibody to HIV-1, were sent to 103 laboratories in six WHO Region
Proposed WHO criteria for interpreting results from western blot assays for HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I/HTLV-II: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):46 (abstract no. M.C.91). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009191; Tamashiro H; Karam M; Esparza J; Global Programme on AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland; OBJECTIVE: To assess the WHO revised Western blot (WB) criteria for HIV-1, HIV-2, and HTLV-I/HTLV-II using sera collected from HIV-1 or HIV-2 endemic countries. METHODS: 136 serum samples considered WB-positive for HIV-2 by national criteria were collected from 14 countries with endemic HIV-2 and retested blinded in 2
Reliable diagnosis of pediatric HIV infection within four months of life by combined use of polymerase chain reaction and virus culture.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):46 (abstract no. M.C.92). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009291; Boni J; Kind C; Jendis J; Schupbach J; Swiss National Center for Retroviruses, Swiss Federal Office of; Health and University of Zurich, Zurich; OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of PCR and virus culture in the early diagnosis of pediatric HIV-infection. METHODS: Virus culture (VC) [Ho et al. NEJM 1989;321:1621-5], PCR screening with gag, and PCR confirmation with LTR and env primers (all PCR blind and in duplicate) were done with PBMC of so far 33 children born
Maternal HIV infection and low CD4/CD8 ratio as risk factors for prematurity and stillbirth.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):46 (abstract no. M.C.93). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009391; Temmerman M; Hawala D; Ndinya-Achola JO; Plummer F; Piot P; University of Nairobi, Kenya; OBJECTIVE: To determine whether maternal HIV infection is a risk factor for poor obstetrical outcome (POO) defined as prematurity and stillbirth, and is so, to define risk factors for POO in HIV(+) women. METHODS: Pregnant women less than 28 weeks pregnant were screened for HIV-antibody and syphilis seroreactivity at
Mortality among 2419 HIV-positive U.S. military service applicants: an update.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):46 (abstract no. M.C.94). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009491; Dannenberg A; McNeil J; Brundage J; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; OBJECTIVE: Long term follow-up is ongoing to assess cause-specific mortality among civilian applicants excluded from military service due to HIV infection compared to applicants excluded due to other unrelated medical conditions. METHODS: The 1985-1988 files of the National Death Index (NDI) were searched for 2419 HIV
AIDS within five years of seroconversion.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):47 (abstract no. M.C.95). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009591; Phair J; Detels R; Jacobson L; Rinaldo C; Saah A; Munoz A; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Chicago, IL; OBJECTIVE: Describe homosexual men with incident HIV-1 infection who develop AIDS within five years and compare behavioral, clinical and immunologic characteristics of those progressing to AIDS (grp A) with those seroconverters remaining AIDS-free (grp B). METHODS: Between entry into the study (4/84 - 3/85) and 7/89,
Preliminary results of the natural history of HIV infection in Ugandan infants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):47 (abstract no. M.C.96). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009691; Guay L; Ball P; Ndugwa C; Kenya-Mugisha; Hom D; Kataaha P; Goldfarb J; Vjecha M; Mmiro F; Olness K; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Oh USA; OBJECTIVE: To determine the natural history of infants born to HIV infected women. METHODS: Selected pregnant women presenting in Kampala, Uganda were enrolled in a prospective study of HIV infected women and their infants. The HIV serostatus of the maternal study group (70% HIV+,
Cervical disease among HIV-infected women by immune status.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):47 (abstract no. M.C.97). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009791; LaGuardia K; McGuinness K; Hunter D; The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between T-helper cell (CD4) status and the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and human papilloma virus (HPV) in HIV-infected women. METHODS: In order to more closely examine the relationship between cervical disease and HIV infection, a sample of HIV positive
Cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (CSIL) and HIV-1 infection in Malawian women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):47 (abstract no. M.C.98). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009891; Chiphangwi J; Dallabetta G; Miotti P; Liomba G; Wangel AM; Saah A; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between CSIL and HIV-1 infection in Malawian women with heterosexually acquired HIV-1 infection. METHODS: 159 post-partum women (95 seronegative (SN) and 54 seropositive (SP)) followed in a longitudinal infant transmission study of HIV-1 were given a questionnaire and had a physica
Bisexual men with AIDS in the United States: epidemiology and their role in the AIDS epidemic in women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):48 (abstract no. M.C.99). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1009991; Chu SY; Peterman T; Doll L; Buehler J; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA; OBJECTIVE: To compare bisexual men and homosexual men with AIDS and to assess the relative importance of bisexual men in the sexual transmission of HIV to women. METHODS: AIDS cases reported to the CDC through June 1990 were examined. RESULTS: Among 65,389 men with AIDS who reported having had sex with men, 16,793 (26
HIV-1 infection rates in three hepatitis B (HB) vaccine cohorts-Amsterdam(AM), New York(NY) and San Francisco(SF), 1978-90: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):48 (abstract no. M.C.100). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010091; Koblin B; Van Griensven GJ; Hessol NA; Byers RH; Stevens CE; Coutinho RA; The NY Blood Center, NY, USA; OBJECTIVE: To compare baseline characteristics and incidence of HIV infection from 1978-90 among homosexual men in placebo-controlled HB vaccine trials carried out in AM, NY and SF from 1978-82. METHODS: Study subjects were all men who participated in HB vaccine trials (N) and subsequently enrolled in AIDS follow-up s
Understanding the high rates of HIV risk-taking among young gay and bisexual men: the young men's survey.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):48 (abstract no. M.C.101). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010191; Hays RB; Kegeles S; Coates T; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco, California USA; OBJECTIVE: To examine factors associated with unsafe sex among young gay and bisexual men and generate ideas for effective prevention approaches with this population. METHODS: The Young Men s Survey is a longitudinal survey of 400 gay/bisexual men aged 18 to 27, recruited by peers (through social networks, bars, unive
Sexual relationships with women in homosexually identified men. The probability of HIV transmission to other populations.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):48 (abstract no. M.C.102). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010291; Izazola JA; Gortmaker S; Basanez R; Sepulveda J; Mexico Ministry of Health; OBJECTIVE: To discuss the main characteristics of homosexually identified men who also have sex with women, in order to describe the risk of HIV transmission to other populations (e.g. women). METHODS: A survey in homosexual gathering places like gay bars and discotheques was conducted in 6 mexican cities. 715 men wer
Effect of HIV post-test counseling on sexually transmitted disease (STD) reinfection for patients attending a STD clinic.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):49 (abstract no. M.C.103). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010391; Otten M; Zaidi A; Wroten J; Witte J; Peterman T; Division of STD/HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control; (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA; Background: STD patients are often tested for HIV infection and counseled about the results. In 1989, over 300,000 STD patients were tested for HIV using public support. Yet, the effect of this intervention is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: Measure the effect of post-test counseling (PTC) for HIV on acquisition of a new STD. M
Ethnographic and quantitative research to design an intervention for truckers in Zimbabwe.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):49 (abstract no. M.C.104). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010491; Wilson D; Lamson N; Nyathi B; Sibanda A; Sibanda T; U. of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe; OBJECTIVE: To combine survey and ethnographic research methods to design an intervention for long-distance truckers in Zimbabwe . METHODS: Semi-structured interview of 74 truckers, key informant discussions, focus groups and participant observations by ethnographer who accompanied
Suicidality and psychological outlook in long term survivors of AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):50 (abstract no. M.D.105). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010591; Remien RH; Rabkin J; Katoff L; Williams J; HIV Center for Clinical & Behavioral Studies-NY State Psychiatric; Institute & Columbia University, NY, NY, USA; OBJECTIVE: To assess past and current thoughts about death and suicide, history of suicide attempts, current mood disorders and feelings of hopelessness in a population of gay men, unique in having lived with AIDS for at least three years (N=53). METHODS: Subjects were clients at Gay Men s Health Crisis (GMHC), the la
High socio-economic status (HSES) is a risk factor for HIV-1 infection but not for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in Malawian women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):50 (abstract no. M.D.106). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010691; Dallabetta G; Odaka N; Hoover D; Chiphangwi J; Liomba G; Miotti P; Saah A; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between STD and HIV-1 infection in urban pregnant women in Malawi . METHODS: 5376 pregnant women presenting for prenatal care to a large urban hospital in Malawi were interviewed about demographics, medical and sexual history, had a physical/pe
Sociodemographic predictors of AIDS related knowledge and practice in Uganda: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):50 (abstract no. M.D.107). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010791; McCombie S; Rwakagiri F; Bukombi S; Cohn P; AIDSCOM, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA; OBJECTIVE: To collect baseline data to plan and evaluate an AIDS in the Workplace Training program that uses a peer educator model. METHODS: Anonymous interviews on knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to AIDS were conducted with 623 randomly selected individuals (457 men, 166 women) in five organizations. A mu
A study of the psycho-social determinants of risk-taking and preventive behavior related to HIV and AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):50 (abstract no. M.D.108). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010891; Anonymous; A study of the psycho-social determinants of risk-taking and preventive behavior related to HIV and AIDS has been undertaken in Metro-Manila. The sample included: 1. the general population consisting of 711 randomly selected households with 1,600 respondents 15-59 years old, using a panel from the National Statistics
Psychosocial correlates of HIV risk taking behavior.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):51 (abstract no. M.D.109). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1010991; Leserman J; Perkins DO; Boucvalt J; Evans DL; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel; Hill, NC, USA; OBJECTIVE: The goals of this study were twofold. We examined the relationship between psychosocial factors and 1) risk taking sexual activity within HIV negative men; and 2) sexual activity that exposes others to risk within HIV positive men. METHODS: As part of the Coping in Health and Illness project (CHIP), we stud
Who participates in surveys of HIV-exposing behaviors?: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):51 (abstract no. M.D.110). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1011091; Biggar RJ; Melbye M; NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA; Typically, about 50% of potential participants in surveys of HIV-exposing behaviors will respond to mailed, self-administered questionnaires. The behaviors of those not responding introduce uncertainty about how well the results can be generalized to the whole population. In a random, stratified survey of Danes 18-59
The merging of public and academic institutions: a model of care for the HIV-infected child and mother.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):51 (abstract no. M.D.111). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1011191; Gath EC; Weber K; Martin A; Anderson D; Yogev R; Cook County Hospital (CCH), Chicago, Illinois, USA; OBJECTIVE: The establishment of a pediatric AIDS Clinical Trial Subunit (ACTU) of CMH at CCH, the only public hospital in Chicago primarily serving indigent poor, minority, and substance using populations. This Subunit provides investigational therapeutics to HIV-infected pregnant women and their children, currently u
Monitoring hospital resource use and cost: a three-and-a-half year follow-up.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):51 (abstract no. M.D.112). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1011291; Dijkgraaf MG; Borleffs JC; Poos MJ; Jager JC; Schrijvers AJ; Utrecht University Hospital, The Netherlands; OBJECTIVE: To determine trends in hospital resource use and cost related to treatment of HIV infected patients in a university hospital between January 1987 and June 1990. METHODS: Detailed data concerning hospital treatment of 126 HIV infected patients have been recorded prospectively over a three-and-a-half year per
Patients with AIDS and other HIV infections: examining and estimating the total burden of hospital care.: Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):52 (abstract no. M.D.113). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA7/1011391; Andrulis D; Weslowski V; Hintz E; The National Public Health and Hospital Institute, Washington,; D.C., U