Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, November 16, 2001 / 50(RR20);1-12
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States disproportionately affect racial/ethnic minority populations, particularly blacks and Hispanics (1). Of the 774,467 AIDS cases reported to CDC during June 1981--December 2000 (2), blacks and Hispanics accounted for 56% of cases, although they represented 25% of the U.S. population during this period. In 2000, the incidence of adult and adolescent AIDS cases per 100,000 population was 74.2 for blacks, 30.4 for Hispanics, and 7.9 for whites (2).
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, November 16, 2001 / 50(RR20);1-12
These guidelines replace CDC's 1994 guidelines, HIV Counseling, Testing, and Referral Standards and Guidelines, and contain recommendations for public- and private-sector policy makers and service providers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling, testing, and referral (CTR). To develop these guidelines, CDC used an evidence-based approach advocated by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and public health practice guidelines. The recommendations are based on evidence from all available scientific sources; where evidence is lacking, opinion of "best practices" by specialists in the field has been used.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, November 9, 2001 / 50(RR19);1-58
These guidelines replace CDC's 1994 guidelines, HIV Counseling, Testing, and Referral Standards and Guidelines, and contain recommendations for public- and private-sector policy makers and service providers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling, testing, and referral (CTR). To develop these guidelines, CDC used an evidence-based approach advocated by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and public health practice guidelines. The recommendations are based on evidence from all available scientific sources; where evidence is lacking, opinion of "best practices" by specialists in the field has been used.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, November 9, 2001 / 50(RR19);59-86
These guidelines replace CDC's 1995 guidelines, U.S. Public Health Service Recommendations for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Counseling and Voluntary Testing for Pregnant Women, and are for public- and private-sector service providers who provide health care for pregnant women. In 1998, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) published a report that recommended simple, routine, and voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing for all pregnant women in antenatal settings, given the effective interventions available to treat HIV-infected women and reduce risk for perinatal HIV transmission.
During February 12--August 24, 2001, a total of 21 cases of liver injury associated with a 2-month rifampin-pyrazinamide (RIF-PZA) regimen for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was reported to CDC. These 21 cases are in addition to two previously reported RIF-PZA--associated cases.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, July 20, 2001 / 50(28);599-603
Worldwide, approximately 2.2 million women and 600,000 infants are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) each year. Extended zidovudine prophylaxis and other antiretroviral and obstetric interventions and the avoidance of breastfeeding have reduced dramatically mother-infant HIV transmission in countries with adequate health-care resources.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 29, 2001 / 50(RR11);1-42
This report updates and consolidates all previous U.S. Public Health Service recommendations for the management of health-care personnel (HCP) who have occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids that might contain hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 29, 2001 / 50(RR11);45-6
Provide immediate care to the exposure site. Wash wounds and skin with soap and water. Flush mucous membranes with water. Determine risk associated with exposure by type of fluid (e.g., blood, visibly bloody fluid, other potentially infectious fluid or tissue, and concentrated virus) and type of exposure (i.e., percutaneous injury, mucous membrane or nonintact skin exposure, and bites resulting in blood exposure).
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 29, 2001 / 50(25);538-541
In 1993, CDC recommended that hospitals and associated clinics in areas with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence offer HIV testing routinely to all patients aged 15--54 years. Although voluntary routine screening among hospitalized and emergency department patients can identify many undiagnosed HIV-infected persons, few screening programs have been implemented in these settings.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 01, 2001 / 50(21);430-434
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic has had a substantial impact on the health and economy of many nations. Since the first AIDS cases were reported in the United States in June 1981, the number of cases and deaths among persons with AIDS increased rapidly during the 1980s followed by substantial declines in new cases and deaths in the late 1990s.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 01, 2001 / 50(21);430-434
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are pandemic and pose one of the greatest challenges to global public health.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 01, 2001 / 50(21);440-444
Twenty years after the first report on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States, studies of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and sexual behaviors suggest a resurgent HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM).
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, June 01, 2001 / 50(21);444-445
Since the first acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases were reported in 1981, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has caused approximately 22 million deaths worldwide. In the United States, approximately 400,000 persons have died, and approximately one million have been infected.
One of the recommended treatments for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a 9-month regimen of isoniazid (INH); a 2-month regimen of rifampin (RIF) and pyrazinamide (PZA) is an alternative in some instances. In September 2000, a man in New York died of hepatitis after 5 weeks of RIF-PZA, and in December, a woman in Georgia was admitted to a hospital because of hepatitis after 7 weeks of this regimen.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, April 13, 2001 / 50(14);262-5
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention programs are directed to persons at risk for acquiring and transmitting HIV because of their sexual behaviors or drug use. Effective HIV prevention requires monitoring risk behaviors among persons who are infected, persons who are at highest risk for infection, and the general population.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, January 05, 2001 / 49(51);1153-6
"All Men---Make a Difference!" is the theme designated by the Joint United Nations Program on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) for this year's World AIDS Day, December 1, 2000.
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This information is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor.