Elvira Richter,* Johannes Wessling,† Norbert Lügering,† Wolfram Domschke,† and Sabine Rüsch-Gerdes*
Emerg Infect Dis 2002 Jul;8(7):729-31
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne disease in ruminants, has been incriminated as the cause of Crohn disease in humans. We report the first case of human infection with MAP in a patient with HIV; infection was confirmed by obtaining isolates from several different specimen types.
Martine Peeters,* Valerie Courgnaud,* Bernadette Abela,† Philippe Auzel,†‡ Xavier Pourrut,* Frederic Bibollet-Ruche,§ Severin Loul,† Florian Liegeois,* Cristelle Butel,* Denis Koulagna,¶ Eitel Mpoudi-Ngole,† George M. Shaw,§ Beatrice H. Hahn,§ and Eric Delaporte*
Emerg Infect Dis 2002 May;8(5):451-57
To assess human exposure to Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in west central Africa, we looked for SIV infection in 788 monkeys that were hunted in the rainforests of Cameroon for bushmeat or kept as pets. Serologic reactivity suggesting SIV infection was found in 13 of 16 primate species, including 4 not previously known to harbor SIV. Overall, 131 sera (16.6%) reacted strongly and an additional 34 (4.3%) reacted weakly with HIV antigens. Molecular analysis identified five new phylogenetic SIV lineages. These data document for the first time that a substantial proportion of wild monkeys in Cameroon are SIV infected and that humans who hunt and handle bushmeat are exposed to a plethora of genetically highly divergent viruses.
Corinne S. L. Ong,*† Diane L. Eisler,* Alireza Alikhani,* Vicki W. K. Fung,* Joan Tomblin,‡ William R. Bowie,* and Judith L. Isaac-Renton*†
Emerg Infect Dis 2002 Mar;8(3):263-268
In this study, we genotyped parasites from the fecal specimens of sporadic cryptosporidiosis cases in British Columbia from 1995 to 1999. Genotyping was conducted by polymerase chain amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region, a hypervariable region in the 18S rRNA gene and the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein gene. Subsequent analysis was by restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing. We identified two new Cryptosporidium genotypes in humans. . . .
Carol J. Palmer,*† Lloyd Validum,‡ Bernard Loeffke,* Harold E. Laubach,* Chris Mitchell,* Rudy Cummings,§ and Raul R. Cuadrado*
Emerg Infect Dis 2002 Mar;8(3);330-1
The prevalence of HIV infection among men in a gold mining camp in the Amazon region of Guyana was 6.5%. This high percentage of HIV infection provides a reservoir for the virus in this region, warranting immediate public health intervention to curb its spread. As malaria is endemic in the Amazon Basin (>30,000 cases/year), the impact of coinfection may be substantial.
Wangeci Gatei, Richard W. Ashford, Nicholas J. Beeching, S. Kang'ethe Kamwati, Julie Greensill, and C. Anthony Hart
Emerg Infect Dis 2002 Feb;8(2):204-6
We describe a case of Cryptosporidium muris infection in an HIV-infected adult with diarrhea in Kenya. Sequence analysis of an 840-bp region of the 18S rRNA gene locus demonstrated the isolate had 100% nucleotide identity with C. muris recovered from a rock hyrax, 98.8% with a C. muris "calf" isolate, 95.5% with C. serpentis, but only 87.8% with C. parvum "human" type.
Simone Cacciò,* Elena Pinter,† Rosanna Fantini,† Ivano Mezzaroma,† and Edoardo Pozio*
Emerg Infect Dis 2002 Jan;8(1):85-6
An infection with Cryptosporidium felis in an HIV-positive man from Italy was successfully treated with paromomycin, despite the patient's having a CD4+ cell count of 31/mL. Fourteen cases of human infection with C. felis have been described, all in the past 3 years, emphasizing the public health importance of Cryptosporidium parasites other than C. parvum.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Infection in a Patient with HIV, Germany
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