*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; †Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; ‡Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Emerging Infectious Diseases: Vol 5, No. 1 - January-March, 1999
Artur Ramos,*† Amilcar Tanuri,† Mauro Schechter,† Mark A. Rayfield,* Dale J. Hu,* Maulori C. Cabral,† Claudiu I. Bandea,* James Baggs,‡ and Danuta Pieniazek*
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| Back to article Figure 1. Differentiation between single (A) and dual (B) HIV-1 infections by the restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the polymerase chain reaction—amplified prt. A: Three AluI digestion patterns represent subtypes A, C, and F (pattern 1) and subtypes B and D (patterns 2 and 3); two HinfI patterns represent subtypes D (pattern 1) and B (pattern 2); two BclI patterns represent subtypes F (patterns 1) and A and C (pattern 2); two ScaI patterns represent subtypes A (pattern 1) and C (pattern 2). B: Two AluI digestion patterns (1 and 2) in the dually infected patient with HIV-1 subtypes F and B; two HinfI patterns (1 and 2) in the patient infected with subtypes B and D viruses. |
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| Back to article Figure 2. Phylogenetic classification of HIV-1 sequences from Brazilian patients (denoted with BR prefix). The trees were constructed on the basis of DNA sequences of prt (a), env (b), gag-p24 (c), and gag-p17 (d) by the neighbor-joining method. Numbers at the branch nodes connected with subtypes indicate bootstrap values. An arrow indicates dually infected specimens; an asterisk shows viral sequences, which clustered into different lineages depending on which parts of viral genome were analyzed; ! represents hypermutated sequences; ? represents unclassified subtype of p24 gag sequences. The distinct HIV-1 subtypes are delineated. The scale bar indicates an evolutionary distance of 0.10 nucleotides per position in the sequence. Vertical distances are for clarity only. GenBank accession numbers: prt [AF099155-99171;AF079986-79989; AF079991; and AF079994-79996]; env [AF113560-113576]; p17gag [AF115443-115451]; p24gag [AF115780-115797]. |
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| Back to article Figure 3. Analysis of the putative recombination within the gag region. The aligned sequences were classified into subtype B, subtype F, and recombinant subtype B/F on the basis of linearity of subtype assignment for the p17-p24 gag region. Asterisks show characteristic nucleotide patterns for subtypes B and F sequences; dots represent nucleotides homologous to the MN gag sequence; dashes indicate gaps introduced to maintain the alignment; and arrows indicate the potential recombination regions within the p24 gag fragment. The nucleotide position is marked. |
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