Table of Contents: CATIE TreatmentUpdate - 2002


Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange
Edited by: Sean Hosein

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TreatmentUpdate 125: February - Vol. 14, No. 2

English  Françaises

 SIDE EFFECTS: Comparing liver toxicity between efavirenz and nevirapine

 EFFECTS SECONDAIRES: Toxicité hépatique – comparaison efavirenz et névirapine

HoseinSR
The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has greatly reduced AIDS-related death rates in North America, Western Europe and Australia. Yet HAART users can experience a range of side effects, including varying degrees of liver damage. Indeed, between 6% and 30% of people with HIV/AIDS can develop increased levels of liver enzymes in the blood — suggestive of liver damage — once they begin to use HAART. This problem occurs because HAART drugs often affect the liver, interferring with how this organ works.

 SIDE EFFECTS: Nevirapine levels may predict toxicity

 EFFECTS SECONDAIRES: Les concentrations de névirapine peuvent en prédire la toxicité

HoseinSR
As many as 17% of people exposed to this drug can develop a rash. In most cases, the rash is temporary. Nevirapine can also cause liver damage. Understanding how this happens is the focus of a research project in Madrid, Spain.

 SIDE EFFECTS: Health Canada advises against kava

 EFFECTS SECONDAIRES: Santé Canada émet une mise en garde contre le kava

HoseinSR
Health Canada is advising consumers not to use kava-kava (commonly called kava) or kava-containing products until it has completed a safety review of this herb.

 SIDE EFFECTS: Birth defect in baby born to efavirenz-user

 EFFETS SECONDAIRES: Anomalies congénitales décelées chez un bébé né d'une utilisatrice d'efavirenz

HoseinSR
The non-nuke efavirenz (Sustiva, Stocrin) is used as part of combination therapy by some people with HIV/AIDS (PHAs).

 SIDE EFFECTS: Viagra and grapefruit juice - not a good mix

 EFFETS SECONDAIRES: Viagra et jus de pamplemousse — pas un bon mélange

HoseinSR
The original formulation of the protease inhibitor saquinavir -- Invirase -- became available in North America around the mid-1990s. However, Invirase was poorly absorbed. The manufacturer suggested that taking Invirase with concentrated grapefruit juice would enhance the absorption of this drug. This effect occurs because grapefruit juice contains compounds that impair the activity of certain enzymes in the intestine -- enzymes that help break down Invirase.

 INFECTION FIGHTERS: Cidofovir and surgery for genital warts

 AGENTS ANTI-INFECTIEUX: Cidofovir et chirurgie contre les verrues génitales

HoseinSR
A sexually transmitted virus called HPV (human papilloma virus) can cause warts to appear on or around the genitals and anus. Certain strains of HPV can also cause cervical and anal cancer. In HIV positive people, HPV-related warts can be troublesome. Although doctors can treat the warts — using liquid nitrogen, lasers, surgery — the warts usually recur because the underlying problem is one of weakened immunity.

 ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Efavirenz helps get rid of Kaposi's sarcoma

 AGENTS ANTI-HIV: L'efavirenz aide à se défaire du sarcome de Kaposi

HoseinSR
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a cancer that was common during the 1980s in HIV positive people. KS is likely caused by a sexually transmitted virus called HHV-8 (human herpes virus-8). This virus triggers the formation of lesions when the immune system is weakened by age or HIV infection. Although many anti-KS treatments are available, they do not cure this cancer because the underlying problem is one of weakened immunity.

 ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Swiss study switching to efavirenz

 AGENTS ANTI-HIV: Étude suisse sur le remplacement des IP par l'efavirenz

HoseinSR
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has helped prolong survival in people with HIV/AIDS (PHAs). HAART regimens, particularly those containing protease inhibitors, can have a range of side effects, including nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, as well as food and water restrictions. In an effort to avoid these difficulties, some PHAs may replace or switch their protease inhibitor(s) with a non-nucleoside analogue (non-nuke), such as one of the following...

Table Of Contents

TreatmentUpdate 132: December - Vol. 14, No. 9
INTRODUCTION: What's a conference about ?; SIDE EFFECTS: Who gets treatment and... side effects; SIDE EFFECTS: Protection from nuke side effects; SIDE EFFECTS: Breaking free from nukes; ADHERENCE: What helps adherence to therapy?; VACCINES: Rub-on vaccine study planned; CANCER: Cancer risk falls in some HAART users; INFECTIONS: Syphilis - the great masquerader; INFECTIONS: Is hepatitis C virus going to become a major STD

TreatmentUpdate 131: November - Vol. 14, No. 8
SIDE EFFECTS: The usual suspects; SIDE EFFECTS: A brief history of HIV drug therapy; SIDE EFFECTS: Strange side effects; SIDE EFFECTS: Focus on fat; SIDE EFFECTS: Lots of volunteers needed; SIDE EFFECTS: Lactic acid and nuke damage; SIDE EFFECTS: No nukes please; SIDE EFFECTS: Fat wasting - AZT vs. d4T; SIDE EFFECTS: Sugar blues; SIDE EFFECTS: Predicting body shape changes; SIDE EFFECTS: Niacin for high triglycerides; SIDE EFFECTS: Supplement fix for nelfinavir-related diarrhea

TreatmentUpdate 130: September/October - Vol. 14, No. 7
ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Drug holidays - an overview ; ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Here's a story about a drug holiday ; TOXICITY - Milk thistle and indinavir ; TESTING - Some factors affecting survival in HIV positive women ; ANTI-CANCER AGENTS - A new treatment for Kaposi's sarcoma

TreatmentUpdate 129: August - Vol. 14, No. 6
THE XIV INTERNATIONAL AIDS CONFERENCE - Overview of conferencel; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : American-Italian study produces unexpected results; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : Tenofovir looks good in initial therapy; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : Tenofovir and Videx (ddI) EC — some caution required; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : T-20 shows its potency; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : Efavirenz makes its mark in AIDS; TESTING : Study finds fatigue linked to quality of sleep; TESTING : High liver enzyme levels — a warning about survival?; NUTRITION : Nutrient deficits found in some HIV positive people; NUTRITION : Low zinc intake linked to reduced survival

TreatmentUpdate 128: July - Vol. 14, No. 5
SIDE EFFECTS: Sexual dysfunction in men: A report from France; SIDE EFFECTS: Sexual dysfunction in men: A report from Boston; SIDE EFFECTS: Male sexual dysfunction and HAART — the confusion continues; SIDE EFFECTS: Study finds problems with reporting side effects; ANTI-CANCER AGENTS: Recurring cervical growths; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Starting therapy: study finds guidelines linked to level of immunity

TreatmentUpdate 127: May/June - Vol. 14, No. 4
ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Delavirdine in rescue regimens; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Could cimetidine be used as a booster?; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Teaching adherence to substance users; Fine-tuning saquinavir; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Invirase vs. Fortovase: unexpected results?; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Saquinavir once daily; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Saquinavir with low-dose ritonavir twice daily; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Highlights from the 3rd International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of HIV Therapy

TreatmentUpdate 126: March - Vol. 14, No. 3
SIDE EFFECTS : Protease inhibitors and lipid-lowering drugs -- interactions; Cause of serious illness among HAART-users not clear; Using abacavir to avoid lipid problems; Switching to abacavir to reduce fat wasting; 9th Retrovirus Overview; SIDE EFFECTS : Assessing nuke toxicity; SIDE EFFECTS : Check-ups for the power plant?; SIDE EFFECTS : Damage to the power plant

TreatmentUpdate 125: February - Vol. 14, No. 2
SIDE EFFECTS: Comparing liver toxicity between efavirenz and nevirapine; SIDE EFFECTS: Nevirapine levels may predict toxicity; SIDE EFFECTS: Health Canada advises against kava; SIDE EFFECTS: Birth defect in baby born to efavirenz-user; SIDE EFFECTS: Viagra and grapefruit juice - not a good mix; INFECTION FIGHTERS: Cidofovir and surgery for genital warts; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Swiss study switching to efavirenz

TreatmentUpdate 124: January - Vol. 14, No. 1
SIDE EFFECTS: Testosterone troubles; SIDE EFFECTS: Growth hormone: Does less equal more?; SIDE EFFECTS: Thyroid troubles in Montreal; SIDE EFFECTS: Thyroid troubles in France; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Directly observed therapy (DOT); HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Amprenavir and low-dose ritonavir; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Saquinavir vs. Sustiva once daily; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Tenofovir; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir boosts saquinavir; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir vs. nelfinavir; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir overview; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Starting HAART and its effect on survival; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Response to HAART depends on T-cell count; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Delaying therapy - the pendulum swings back

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