Table of Contents: CATIE TreatmentUpdate - 2002


Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange
Edited by: Sean Hosein

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TreatmentUpdate 124: January - Vol. 14, No. 1

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 SIDE EFFECTS: Testosterone troubles

 EFFETS SECONDAIRES Problèmes de testostérone
HoseinSR
Both male and female PHAs can develop less-than-normal levels of testosterone. Reduced levels of this hormone have been linked to the following complications...


 SIDE EFFECTS: Growth hormone: Does less equal more?

 EFFETS SECONDAIRES: L'hormone de croissance : faut-il en donner moins?
HoseinSR
Growth hormone (GH) deficiency can occur in some PHAs with AIDS-related wasting. Injections of GH can help stop this complication. GH may also be useful for treating aspects of the HIV lipodystrophy syndrome. For instance, the fat redistribution and/or fat gain associated with the use of HAART has prompted some doctors to prescribe GH to some of their patients who can afford this expensive drug. The dose of GH that has commonly been used to treat wasting or fat redistribution is relatively high and, not surprisingly, side effects have been reported. To find out about GH-related side effects in PHAs, a research team performed a study.


 SIDE EFFECTS: Thyroid troubles in Montreal

 EFFETS SECONDAIRES: Problèmes de thyroïde à Montréal
HoseinSR
Researcher Maude Loignon and colleagues collected 18 months of data (and spent three long months in data analysis) on 80 HIV positive subjects from a Montreal HIV clinic. The purpose of their study was to try and find out if abnormal thyroid hormone levels were present in HAART users.


 SIDE EFFECTS: Thyroid troubles in France

 EFFETS SECONDAIRES: Problèmes de thyroïde en France
HoseinSR
The thyroid gland is located in the neck and produces hormones that affect almost every organ in the body. Thyroid hormones can have an impact on the following...


 HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Directly observed therapy (DOT)

 FAITS SAILLANTS SÉLECTIONNÉS DE L'ICAAC: La thérapie directement surveillée (TDS)
HoseinSR
Researchers in Vancouver, British Columbia, have found that the treatment of HIV positive substance users is challenging for the following reasons...


 HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Amprenavir and low-dose ritonavir

 FAITS SAILLANTS SÉLECTIONNÉS DE L'ICAAC: L'amprénavir et le ritonavir à faible dose
HoseinSR
Amprenavir (Agenerase) is a protease inhibitor (PI) whose use in Canada is restricted to PHAs who have previously used anti-HIV drugs. Amprenavir is not as potent as first-line PIs, such as indinavir (Crixivan). In order to increase levels of amprenavir in the blood, and thus increase its anti-HIV activity, this drug is being tested in combination with the PI ritonavir. Researchers in the U.S. recently reported preliminary results from 104 subjects who were enrolled in a study testing two combinations of ritonavir-amprenavir.


 HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Saquinavir vs. Sustiva once daily

 FAITS SAILLANTS SÉLECTIONNÉS DE L'ICAAC: Le saquinavir contre Sustiva une fois par jour
HoseinSR
In an effort to simplify therapy, researchers are testing different combinations and schedules of drugs. One combination being studied is the protease inhibitor (PI) saquinavir (Fortovase, Invirase) with the PI ritonavir (Norvir). This is because ritonavir can boost levels of saquinavir in the blood for a prolonged period of time, extending its anti-HIV activity. This allows for a reduced number of pills that need to be taken daily.


 HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Tenofovir

 FAITS SAILLANTS SÉLECTIONNÉS DE L'ICAAC: Le ténofovir
HoseinSR
Tenofovir (Viread) is a new drug recently licensed in the United States. Tenofovir belongs to a new class of drugs called nucleotide analogues and may be particularly useful for people with HIV/AIDS (PHAs) whose virus is resistant to the nucleoside analogues (nukes) AZT or d4T. Unlike nukes, tenofovir appears to be only mildly toxic to the energy-producing parts (called mitochondria) of a cell. Tenofovir is therefore unlikely to cause damage to the nerves, liver or pancreas gland. Another advantage of this drug is that it is taken as a single tablet once daily. Tenofovir is being tested in PHAs who have previously used anti-HIV drugs.


 HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir boosts saquinavir

 FAITS SAILLANTS SÉLECTIONNÉS DE L'ICAAC: L'atazanavir pour accroître le taux de saquinavir
HoseinSR
In people with HIV/AIDS (PHAs) whose initial protease inhibitor–containing regimen no longer works, doctors may prescribe dual protease inhibitor (PI) regimens where one PI boosts the level of the other PI used in the combination. This has the advantage of increasing levels of the boosted PI in the blood (to prolong its anti-HIV activity) and reducing the number of times that pills need to be taken daily. In one study, researchers in Buenos Aires examined the effect of taking atazanavir in order to boost saquinavir levels in PHAs whose previous PI-based regimen no longer worked.


 HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir vs. nelfinavir

 FAITS SAILLANTS SÉLECTIONNÉS DE L'ICAAC: L'atazanavir contre le nelfinavir
HoseinSR
Dr. Ian Sanne, of South Africa, presented data from a large study using 464 HIV positive subjects to compare the effect of the following two protease inhibitors (PIs)...


 HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir overview

 FAITS SAILLANTS SÉLECTIONNÉS DE L'ICAAC: Survol de l'atazanavir
HoseinSR
Atazanavir (BMS-232632) is a new protease inhibitor that is being developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. Most currently licensed protease inhibitors (PIs) usually cause increased levels of lipids — cholesterol and triglycerides — in PHAs who use them. Atazanavir offers several advantages over currently licensed PIs, including the following...


 ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Starting HAART and its effect on survival

 AGENTS ANTI VIH: L'amorce d'une multithérapie et son effet sur la survie
HoseinSR
Researchers in the province of British Columbia (BC) reviewed information in their database on more than 1,200 PHAs. The data was collected between August 1996 and September 1999. The research team was examining data to find the effect of HAART on survival.


 ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Response to HAART depends on T-cell count

 AGENTS ANTI VIH: La réponse à la multithérapie dépend du nombre de CD4+
HoseinSR
Researchers in Western Europe analysed information collected from 3,226 HIV positive subjects, all of whom began therapy with at least three drugs taken in combination. These subjects were monitored for up to three years after they started therapy. Researchers were mainly interested in learning about the ability of therapy to suppress viral load in subjects with different CD4+ T-cell counts.


 ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Delaying therapy - the pendulum swings back

 AGENTS ANTI-VIH: Retarder le traitement – le retour du pendule
HoseinSR
Since 1996 the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in North America and Western Europe has helped reduced death rates from AIDS-related complications. Once the benefit of HAART became apparent, doctors were initially aggressive in prescribing it, even for their patients who had relatively high CD4+ T-cell counts. With the passage of time, however, it has become clear that HAART has limitations, including the following...

Table Of Contents

TreatmentUpdate 132: December - Vol. 14, No. 9
INTRODUCTION: What's a conference about ?; SIDE EFFECTS: Who gets treatment and... side effects; SIDE EFFECTS: Protection from nuke side effects; SIDE EFFECTS: Breaking free from nukes; ADHERENCE: What helps adherence to therapy?; VACCINES: Rub-on vaccine study planned; CANCER: Cancer risk falls in some HAART users; INFECTIONS: Syphilis - the great masquerader; INFECTIONS: Is hepatitis C virus going to become a major STD

TreatmentUpdate 131: November - Vol. 14, No. 8
SIDE EFFECTS: The usual suspects; SIDE EFFECTS: A brief history of HIV drug therapy; SIDE EFFECTS: Strange side effects; SIDE EFFECTS: Focus on fat; SIDE EFFECTS: Lots of volunteers needed; SIDE EFFECTS: Lactic acid and nuke damage; SIDE EFFECTS: No nukes please; SIDE EFFECTS: Fat wasting - AZT vs. d4T; SIDE EFFECTS: Sugar blues; SIDE EFFECTS: Predicting body shape changes; SIDE EFFECTS: Niacin for high triglycerides; SIDE EFFECTS: Supplement fix for nelfinavir-related diarrhea

TreatmentUpdate 130: September/October - Vol. 14, No. 7
ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Drug holidays - an overview ; ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Here's a story about a drug holiday ; TOXICITY - Milk thistle and indinavir ; TESTING - Some factors affecting survival in HIV positive women ; ANTI-CANCER AGENTS - A new treatment for Kaposi's sarcoma

TreatmentUpdate 129: August - Vol. 14, No. 6
THE XIV INTERNATIONAL AIDS CONFERENCE - Overview of conferencel; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : American-Italian study produces unexpected results; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : Tenofovir looks good in initial therapy; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : Tenofovir and Videx (ddI) EC — some caution required; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : T-20 shows its potency; ANTI-HIV AGENTS : Efavirenz makes its mark in AIDS; TESTING : Study finds fatigue linked to quality of sleep; TESTING : High liver enzyme levels — a warning about survival?; NUTRITION : Nutrient deficits found in some HIV positive people; NUTRITION : Low zinc intake linked to reduced survival

TreatmentUpdate 128: July - Vol. 14, No. 5
SIDE EFFECTS: Sexual dysfunction in men: A report from France; SIDE EFFECTS: Sexual dysfunction in men: A report from Boston; SIDE EFFECTS: Male sexual dysfunction and HAART — the confusion continues; SIDE EFFECTS: Study finds problems with reporting side effects; ANTI-CANCER AGENTS: Recurring cervical growths; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Starting therapy: study finds guidelines linked to level of immunity

TreatmentUpdate 127: May/June - Vol. 14, No. 4
ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Delavirdine in rescue regimens; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Could cimetidine be used as a booster?; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Teaching adherence to substance users; Fine-tuning saquinavir; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Invirase vs. Fortovase: unexpected results?; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Saquinavir once daily; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Saquinavir with low-dose ritonavir twice daily; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Highlights from the 3rd International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of HIV Therapy

TreatmentUpdate 126: March - Vol. 14, No. 3
SIDE EFFECTS : Protease inhibitors and lipid-lowering drugs -- interactions; Cause of serious illness among HAART-users not clear; Using abacavir to avoid lipid problems; Switching to abacavir to reduce fat wasting; 9th Retrovirus Overview; SIDE EFFECTS : Assessing nuke toxicity; SIDE EFFECTS : Check-ups for the power plant?; SIDE EFFECTS : Damage to the power plant

TreatmentUpdate 125: February - Vol. 14, No. 2
SIDE EFFECTS: Comparing liver toxicity between efavirenz and nevirapine; SIDE EFFECTS: Nevirapine levels may predict toxicity; SIDE EFFECTS: Health Canada advises against kava; SIDE EFFECTS: Birth defect in baby born to efavirenz-user; SIDE EFFECTS: Viagra and grapefruit juice - not a good mix; INFECTION FIGHTERS: Cidofovir and surgery for genital warts; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Swiss study switching to efavirenz

TreatmentUpdate 124: January - Vol. 14, No. 1
SIDE EFFECTS: Testosterone troubles; SIDE EFFECTS: Growth hormone: Does less equal more?; SIDE EFFECTS: Thyroid troubles in Montreal; SIDE EFFECTS: Thyroid troubles in France; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Directly observed therapy (DOT); HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Amprenavir and low-dose ritonavir; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Saquinavir vs. Sustiva once daily; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Tenofovir; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir boosts saquinavir; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir vs. nelfinavir; HIGHLIGHTS FROM ICAAC: Atazanavir overview; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Starting HAART and its effect on survival; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Response to HAART depends on T-cell count; ANTI-HIV AGENTS: Delaying therapy - the pendulum swings back

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