Table of Contents: CATIE TreatmentUpdate - 2001


Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange
Edited by: Sean Hosein

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TreatmentUpdate 121: September - Vol. 13, No. 5

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 ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Different combinations of ritonavir-indinavir

 AGENTS ANTI-VIH - Diverses combinaisons de ritonavir-indinavir sont mises à l'essai

HoseinSR
In order to suppress HIV, it is necessary to have high levels of anti-HIV drugs in the blood. To accomplish this, doctors sometimes prescribe two protease inhibitors (PIs) together as part of a combination drug regimen. One of the issues involved in taking two drugs simultaneously is that they can interact — raising or lowering levels of each other in the blood. For example, the PI ritonavir (Norvir) can usually boost levels of another PI when the two drugs are taken together. Taking ritonavir together with another PI also helps to maintain high levels of the other PI in the blood.

 ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Searching for the right dose of ritonavir-saquinavir

 AGENTS ANTI-VIH - À la recherche du meilleur dosage de ritonavir-saquinavir

HoseinSR
Another combination of protease inhibitors (PIs) that is useful for some PHAs is ritonavir (Norvir) and saquinavir (Fortovase). Some doctors prescribe a combination of 400 mg of ritonavir and 400 mg of saquinavir to be taken twice daily; this is sometimes called "400-400." This combination is used because ritonavir acts as a "booster," raising levels of saquinavir in the blood far higher than if saquinavir alone were taken.

 ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Study finds HIV subtly damages vision

 AGENTS ANTI-VIH - Le VIH nuit légèrement à la vue, révèle une étude

HoseinSR
In the context of AIDS, when one hears about eye damage the phrase "CMV-retinitis" often comes to mind. In that sight-threatening complication — caused by a virus called cytomegalovirus or CMV — the light-sensitive portion of the eye, known as the retina, is infected and becomes swollen.

 IMMUNE BOOSTERS - Interleukin-12 may be useful for hepatitis C

 IMMUNOSTIMULANTS - L'interleukine-12 semble utile contre l'hépatite

HoseinSR
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects and inflames the liver. In some people, the immune system can bring HCV under control. In other people, the virus cannot be controlled, and over a period of many years, it slowly scars and destroys the liver. Currently available treatments for HCV include interferon-alpha and ribavirin. Even when these two medications are used together, about 50% of treated people fail to recover. These drugs also have unpleasant side effects. Researchers are testing several therapies for use by people with HCV infection, including IL-12 (interleukin-12). They hope that repeated use of this immune booster will be able to strengthen the immune system's ability to fight the virus.

 SIDE EFFECTS - Does efavirenz cause breast enlargement?

 EFFETS SECONDAIRES - L'efavirenz provoque-t-il le grossissement des seins?

HoseinSR
The non-nucleoside analogue (non-nuke) efavirenz (Sustiva), although a useful and convenient part of many HIV treatment regimens, has been associated with unusual side effects, particularly those affecting the brain, such as dizziness, intense dreams and hallucinations. Researchers in France and Spain have also reported another unusual side effect of efavirenz — breast enlargement in both men and women.

 SIDE EFFECTS - Andractim for HAART-associated breast enlargement

 EFFETS SECONDAIRES - Andactrim contre l'hypertrophie mammaire associée à la multithérapie antirétrovirale

HoseinSR
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has greatly reduced death rates from complications of AIDS in North America, Western Europe and Australia. But HAART regimens can be complex and have side effects. One of the more rare side effects is breast enlargement (gynecomastia). Although the previous report highlighted the occurrence of breast enlargement in efavirenz-users, readers should note that breast enlargement can occur with other anti-HIV drugs. Until recently doctors were at a loss for how to relieve this distressing problem. Now researchers in Paris, France, have reported their success in treating breast enlargement with the use of a form of testosterone called DTH (dihydrotestosterone).

Table Of Contents

TreatmentUpdate 123: November/December - Vol. 13, No. 7
Can delavirdine substitute for ritonavir?; Hepatitis C treatment, HAART and side effects; Toxicity profile of HAART; Rosiglitazone for lipodstrophy?; Actos (pioglitazone); Focus on fat; Metformin — long-term results; Sugar blues and protease inhibitors; Glucose — from food to blood sugar; Lipodystrophy - introduction; Caution with nelfinavir and some lipid-lowering drugs; Trizivir approved in Canada;

TreatmentUpdate 122: October - Vol. 13, No. 6
Looking at soluble CD23 levels to predict lymphoma; Cidofovir for KS lesions; Can low-dose shark cartilage make Kaposi's sarcoma disappear?; Chemo and HAART extend survival with lymphoma; Encouraging news on lymphoma from France; AIDS and lymphoma; New formulation of ddI approved in Canada — Videx EC; Expanded access to tenofovir

TreatmentUpdate 121: September - Vol. 13, No. 5
SIDE EFFECTS - Andractim for HAART-associated breast enlargement; SIDE EFFECTS - Does efavirenz cause breast enlargement?; IMMUNE BOOSTERS - Interleukin-12 may be useful for hepatitis C; ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Study finds HIV subtly damages vision; ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Searching for the right dose of ritonavir-saquinavir; ANTI-HIV AGENTS - Different combinations of ritonavir-indinavir

TreatmentUpdate 120: August - Vol. 13, No. 4
Depression linked to immune system decline in women; Carnitine for high triglycerides; Lipid-lowering drugs and changes to diet can make a difference; Sexual dysfunction and HAART; Immune booster used to fight drug-resistant herpes; Effect of HAART on cervical growths; Switching to nevirapine — results after one year

TreatmentUpdate 119: July - Vol. 13, No. 3
Fosamax for HIV-related bone problems?; Indinavir and bones: Does thickness = strength?; Lipodystrophy — nukes vs. protease inhibitors; Spanish study looks at nevirapine's effect on the liver; Pesticides found in many ginseng supplements in the U.S.; Can ginseng help suppress HIV?; Large Italian study looks at when to start HAART;

TreatmentUpdate 118: June - Vol. 13, No. 2
Protease inhibitors and blood sugar problems; Indinavir - effect on sugar and insulin; Background on glucose — from food to blood sugar; Extra co-enzyme Q10 for statin-users?; Can vitamin E help people recover from hepatitis B?; Study examines link between low levels of zinc and survival; Zinc and the immune system;

TreatmentUpdate 117: May - Vol. 13, No. 1
Bone damage - more than just nukes involved; Australian study links nukes, lactic acid to bone loss;High levels of lactic acid in some users of HAART ;Nukes may be linked to hearing loss; Of power plants and energy shortages; German study finds whey protein supplement boosts antioxidants; Spanish doctors try switching therapy from month to month

TreatmentUpdate 115: February - Vol. 12, No. 11
St. John's wort found to lower nevirapine levels; Are deaths due to liver damage becoming more common?; St. John's wort extract found not helpful for hepatitis C; Canadian researchers study "immune healing"; Kaletra approved in Canada;

TreatmentUpdate 114: January - Vol. 12, No. 10
Some women may be at high risk for anal cancer; DHEA — Cautions and concerns; DHEA for depression?; Changes in DHEA levels in people taking anti-HIV therapy; DHEA — Background; Nukes linked to fat wasting; Triple nuke therapy — results after one year; Switching meds: from protease inhibitors to non-nukes

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