AIDSWEEKLY Plus; Monday, October 10, 2005
Staff Medical Writers

According to recent research published in the journal HIV Medicine, "Lipodystrophy in HIV-infected (LDHIV) patients receiving protease inhibitors (PIs) is associated with dyslipidemia. Whether lifestyle factors play a role in dyslipidemia in LDHIV subjects on PIs is not well characterized."

"A total of 45 LDHIV male and 6 LDHIV female patients on PIS were recruited, and data were collected on smoking, exercise, diet (by 3-day food record), and fasting levels of serum lipids and lipoproteins.

"The relationships between lifestyle factors and metabolic variables were analyzed in male patients by Spearman's correlation test and the significant relationships were further analyzed by adjusting for age, PI duration, and waist circumference by Spearman's partial correlation test," investigators wrote.

"In men, mean (standard deviation) serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and non-HDL-C were 212±70, 35±7.3, 325 230 and 169 44 mg/dL, respectively. Sixty-seven percent of the men exercised regularly and 31.1% smoked.

"The reported diet was high in cholesterol (390±212 mg) and percentage energy from saturated (12.2±3.3%) and trans (2.4±1.2%) fats, and low in soluble fiber (6.9%±2.3g) compared with recent dietary guidelines," reported M. Shah and colleagues at the University of Texas.

"Following adjustments for the confounding variables," the authors continued, "percentage energy intake from total protein and animal protein was positively related to TC (r=0.44, p<0.01 and r=0.37, p<0.05, respectively), TG (r=0.40, p<0.01 and r=0.46, p<0.01, respectively) and non-HDL-C (r=0.56, p<0.001 and r=0.49, p<0.01, respectively), that from trans fat was positively related to TG (r=0.34, p<0.05), and soluble fiber was negatively related to non-HDL-C (r=-0.41, p<0.01)."

Shah concluded, "Moderate to heavy aerobic exercise tended to be associated with higher HDL-C (r=0.30, p=0.07) whereas smoking was not associated with any of the metabolic variables. Increased intake of total protein, animal protein and trans fat, and reduced soluble fiber consumption contribute to dyslipidemia in LDHIV subjects on PIs."

Shah and colleagues published their study in HIV Medicine (The role of diet, exercise and smoking in dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy. HIV Med. 2005 Jul;6(4):291-8).

For additional information, contact M. Shah, University of Texas, SW Medical Center, Center Human Nutrition, Division Nutrition & Metab Diseases, Dept. Internal Medicine, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75235, USA.

The publisher's contact information for the journal HIV Medicine is: Blackwell Publishing, 9600 Garsington Rd., Oxford OX4 2DQ, Oxon, England.

Keywords: Dallas, Texas, United States, HIV/AIDS, Lipodystrophy, High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, Diet & Exercise, Tobacco Use.

This article was prepared by AIDS Weekly editors from staff and other reports.

Reference

Shah M, Tierney K, Adams-Huet B, et al. The role of diet, exercise and smoking in dyslipidaemia in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy, HIV Med. 2005 Jul;6(4):291-8.

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