AIDSWEEKLY Plus; Monday, June 21, 2004
Staff Medical Writers

According to scientists from Australia, "Successful immunotherapy of murine AIDS (MAIDS) in C57BL/6J mice based on the elimination of replicating CD4+ regulator T cells" is described. "We demonstrate that a single injection of the antimitotic drug vinblastine (Vb) given 14 days postinfection (p.i.) with LP-BM5 can prevent MAIDS progression."

"Treatment with anti-CD4 mAb at 14 days p.i. is similarly able to prevent MAIDS. Treatment at other time points with Vb or anti-CD4 mAb is ineffective. The effect is based on ablation of a replicating dominantly suppressive CD4+ T cell population, as indicated by adoptive transfer and in vivo depletion experiments using mAbs against CD4 as well as combinations of mAbs against the known regulatory cell surface markers CD25, GITR, and CTLA-4," report M.W. Beilharz and colleagues.

"Cell surface marker analysis shows a population of CD4+CD25+ cells arising shortly before day 14 p.i.," said Beilharz. "Cytokine analyses show a peak in IL-10 production from day 12 to day 16 p.i. MAIDS-infected mice also have CD4+ T cells with significantly higher expression levels of CD38 and particularly CD69, which have been demonstrated to be regulator T cell markers in the Friend retroviral model."

The authors concluded, "The immunotherapy appears to prevent disease progression, although no protection against reinfection with LP-BM5 is generated. These data define a new therapy for murine retroviral infection, which has potential for use in other diseases where T regulator cell-mediated immunosuppression plays a role in the disease process."

Beilharz and colleagues published their study in Journal of Immunology (Timed ablation of regulatory CD4⁺ T cells can prevent murine AIDS progression. J Immunol. 2004 Apr 15;172(8):4917-25.

For more information, contact M.W. Beilharz, University Western Australia, Discipline Microbiology, School Biology & Chemical Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.

Publisher contact information for the Journal of Immunology is: American Association Immunologists, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.

The information in this article comes under the major subject areas of HIV & AIDS, Immunotherapy, Immunology and Pharmaceutical and Drug Development.

This article was prepared by AIDS Weekly editors from staff and other reports.

Reference

Beilharz MW, Sammels LM, Paun A, et al., "Timed ablation of regulatory CD4+ T cells can prevent murine AIDS progression.", J Immunol. 2004 Apr 15;172(8):4917-25.

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