Important note: Information in this article was accurate in June 2003. The state of the art June have changed since the publication date. |
AIDSWEEKLY Plus; Monday, June 30, 2003
Michael Greer, Senior Medical Writer
"Although most HIV-1 infections worldwide result from heterosexual transmission, most vaccine candidates have focused on induction of systemic immunity and protection," explained Zandrea Ambrose and colleagues at the University of Washington in Seattle, Tulane University in New Orleans, Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, and Therion Biologics in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
A vaccine regimen combining systemic priming and mucosal boosting produced effective mucosal protection against vaginal infection in animals, Ambrose and coauthors found.
The researchers compared cellular and humoral immune responses in two groups of macaques primed systemically with a recombinant vaccinia virus-based vaccine. The treatment group received a mucosal boost with an inactivated form of the highly virulent simian-HIV hybrid SHIV89.6 plus adjuvant, they said, while control animals received only adjuvanted protein boosts.
Virus-specific T-cell activity was only seen in the treatment group, study data showed. Immuoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG antibody responses were seen in both groups, but were more extensive in animals treated with the prime-boost regimen.
Macaques in the prime-boost group showed significantly reduced viremia after intravaginal SHIV challenge, which was not seen in boost-only macaques (Evidence for immune-mediated reduction of viral replication in Macaca nemestrina mucosally immunized with inactivated SHIV89.6. Virology. 2003 Mar 30;308(1):178-90.
"This immunization regimen provides a promising lead for vaccine development," Ambrose and colleagues concluded.
The corresponding author for this report is Marnix L. Bosch, Northwest Biotherapeutics, Inc., Bothell, Washington 98021, USA.
Key points reported for this study include:
An HIV vaccine regimen of systemic priming with mucosal boosting shows promise in animals
Macaques treated with a prime-boost regimen were more resistant to intravaginal SHIV challenge than boost-only animals
Virus-specific cellular immune activity was only seen in prime-boost animals
This article was prepared by AIDS Weekly editors from staff and other reports.
Reference
Ambrose Z, Thompson J, Larsen K, et al., "Evidence for immune-mediated reduction of viral replication in Macaca nemestrina mucosally immunized with inactivated SHIV(89.6)", Virology. 2003 Mar 30;308(1):178-90.
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