Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 2003. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
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New Vision (Kampala) - November 4, 2003
The mothers voluntarily express the milk their own babies do not need, and it is then collected and taken to iThembaLethu, meaning "I have a destiny" in isiZulu, a transitional home for babies who have been orphaned or abandoned through HIV/AIDS. Not all have the HIV virus, but most are neglected and malnourished when they arrive.
Coordinator Shirley Royal told IRIN on Tuesday that the home, which cares for six babies at a time, combines a family environment, stimulation and good nutrition to help them recover, while plans are made for them to be reunited with their family, or placed with another family.
Aware of research demonstrating that breast milk boosts a baby's immune levels, the founder of the breast milk bank, paediatrics professor Dr Anna Coutsoudis, asked four friends, one of whom was Royal, to donate excess breast milk for an ailing baby that the home had just taken in.
"It was an incredible thing to be part of," said Royal. "The baby went from being very malnourished to thriving."
As the HIV virus can be passed through breast milk, and more babies started coming into the home, they conducted research on techniques used by overseas breast milk banks and looked to local blood banks for guidance on screening prospective donors.
They were given an industrial pasteuriser, which enabled them to eliminate the HIV virus and other viruses like hepatitis and syphilis, as well as donations of breast pumps and small plastic containers for the milk.
Royal says that while pasteurisation - a heat treatment - removes many of the good qualities of breast milk, the milk is still beneficial and "better than no breast milk".
With funding from the UN Children's Fund to cover some costs, the home relies on good will and word of mouth, said Royal. Donors to the breast milk bank are not paid.
The bank does not always have adequate supplies - four donor mothers are needed to supply one baby, so HIV positive babies have priority.
"We go to moms' groups and chat to them about the project. We screen prospective donors with a questionnaire (covering health and lifestyle) and then teach them how to store the milk. Because breast milk matures with a baby, we try to match milk from a mother with a two-month old baby, with a baby of the same age at the home. It's not always possible, but the breast milk they get is better than none at all," she said.
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