Associated Press - December 1, 2005
Nafi Diouf, Associated Press Writer

"Our teacher told us that AIDS is a very dangerous disease," said 13-year-old Aissatou Niang, wearing a green Muslim headscarf. "Only abstinence can save us," she said as her schoolmates giggled nearby.

Such frank talk among African children is key, say anti-AIDS campaigners who emphasize science can help combat the disease, but ignorance or taboos surrounding its transmission means AIDS is hard to halt -- and treat.

About 40 million people worldwide are infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Some 3 million of them are expected to die of AIDS this year. Africa, with only 10 percent of the world's population, suffers over half of its HIV infections.

Heavily Muslim Senegal is a relative bright spot on the continent, with only about 1 percent of the population infected. On Thursday, dozens of children packed a schoolhouse in the central town of Fatick to learn more about the disease.

"I've decided to wait until I'm 19 to have a relationship," said one of the students, Awa Sarr. "When I go back home I'll tell my brothers and sisters about AIDS. That's why we're here."

In India, some 70 HIV-infected women stepped out of the shadows during a rally in Golaghat, a town in eastern Assam state, to acknowledge they are living with AIDS and should not be shunned.

"I'm happy many women have paid heed to our call and have openly admitted to their HIV-positive status," said Jahnabi Goswami, 28. "Men with the disease need to follow suit."

An estimated 5.1 million people are living with HIV in India -- the most in any single country except South Africa. Nigeria, Africa's most-populous nation, is third.

South African Deputy President Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka urged her countrymen Thursday to show their concern about AIDS throughout the year.

"Whatever good we do today, let us repeat it tomorrow, next week and in the coming months as we look forward to the years ahead," she said.

South Africa's government has been accused of responding sluggishly to the crisis. Life-prolonging anti-retroviral drugs only became available through the public health system last year in South Africa.

In a speech in Washington, President Bush pledged to expand the AIDS prevention programs the United States funds in Africa and elsewhere around the world that emphasize abstinence as well as condom use.

Critics have said the programs stress abstinence at the expense of condom use, a dangerously unrealistic approach.

From the far reaches of the globe, people showed solidarity with the world's AIDS sufferers.

Thousands of candles were to illuminate the Swedish winter gloom, with anti-AIDS vigils planned for the capital, Stockholm, and a southern city, Malmo.

The British government marked World AIDS Day by contributing $48 million to the global fight against the disease.

Estonia's National Institute for Health Development campaigned Thursday for increased tolerance of HIV-infected persons. With over 5,000 diagnosed cases, Estonia has among the highest number of HIV infections in Europe.

In southern Africa, the region hardest hit by AIDS, people lined up to be tested in tents set up outside a new pediatric AIDS center on the outskirts of the capital of the tiny mountain kingdom of Lesotho -- part of a government program to offer free HIV testing and counseling to all households by the end of 2007.

"I urge all Basotho to know their status so that they can be able to manage their lives and receive treatment in the case of those affected," said Lesotho's King Letsie III.

But in Africa's last absolute monarchy, Swaziland, AIDS events were canceled by royal decree because they clashed with a traditional ceremony. More than 38 percent of adults in the country are infected with HIV -- the highest infection rate in the world.

Only a few dozen joined a procession in Nigeria's biggest city, Lagos.

"Since I believe I don't have it, I don't see why I should march," said Mufu Adebajo, a 22-year-old craftsman watching from his roadside stand. "Otherwise, people will think I have it."

___

Associated Press correspondents around the world contributed to this report, which was written by Edward Harris in Senegal.

051201
AP051205

Copyright © 2005 - Associated Press. Reproduction of this article (other than one copy for personal reference) must be cleared through the AP Permissions Desk.

AEGiS is a 501(c)3, not-for-profit, tax-exempt, educational corporation. AEGiS is made possible through unrestricted funding from Elton John AIDS Foundation UK, the National Library of Medicine, AIDS Walk of Orange County, and donations from users like you.

Always watch for outdated information. This article first appeared in 2005. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor.

AEGiS presents published material, reprinted with permission and neither endorses nor opposes any material. All information contained on this website, including information relating to health conditions, products, and treatments, is for informational purposes only. It is often presented in summary or aggregate form. It is not meant to be a substitute for the advice provided by your own physician or other medical professionals. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.

Copyright ©1980, 2005. AEGiS. All materials appearing on AEGiS are protected by copyright as a collective work or compilation under U.S. copyright and other laws and are the property of AEGiS, or the party credited as the provider of the content. .