American Journal of Public Health Vol. 96; No. 10: P. 1862- 1866 (10..06) - Monday, December 18, 2006
Kyle T. Bernstein, ScM; Joan M. Chow, MPH, DrPH; Juan Ruiz, MD, DrPH; Julius Schachter, PhD; Evalyn Horowitz, MD; Rebecca Bunnell, ScD, Med; Gail Bolan, MD

In this cross-sectional study conducted in 1999, urine specimens from 698 men ages 18-25 and 572 women ages 18 or older were collected at intake and tested for chlamydia and gonorrhea using ligase chain reaction. The researchers performed an analysis of demographic and arrest-related correlates of chlamydia and gonorrhea infection.

Among men ages 18-25, the overall chlamydia prevalence was 9.9 percent (95 percent confidence interval (CI) = 7.8 percent, 12.3 percent); 8.9 percent (95 percent CI = 2.9 percent, 22.1 percent) among women ages 18-25; and 3.3 percent (95 percent CI = 2.0 percent, 5.1 percent) among women overall. Three cases of gonorrhea were detected for an overall prevalence of 0.24 percent (95 percent CI = 0.05 percent, 0.69 percent).

Routine screening at entry into prison is supported by the high prevalence of chlamydia infection, especially among young female and male inmates, the researchers concluded. "In addition, screening in a jail setting where most detainees are incarcerated before entry into the prison setting may provide an excellent earlier opportunity to identify these infections and treat disease to prevent complications and burden of infection in this high-risk population."
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