"Parvovirus-B19-Related Pancytopenia in Children with HIV Infection"

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1992. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

"Parvovirus-B19-Related Pancytopenia in Children with HIV Infection"

Lancet (07/11/92) Vol. 340, No. 8811, P. 115
Nigro, Giovanni et al.

Abstract: B19 can be considered the cause of pancytopenia in HIV-positive children, independent of the hemophagocytic syndrome, write Giovanni Nigro et al. of La Sapienza University in Rome, Italy. Dr. Muir and colleagues (Lancet-May 9) report parvovirus-B19-related pancytopenia and hemophagocytosis in two patients with hereditary spherocytosis, indicating that hemophagocytis could account for the leucopenia and thrombocytopenia linked with parvovirus B19 infection. Nigro et al. analyzed serum samples from four children with vertically-transmitted HIV infection and pancytopenia for IgM and IgG antibodies against parvovirus B19, by means of two enzyme immunoassays with synthetic peptide or recombinant protein and subsequent detection of serum B19-DNA with polymerase chain reaction. The main clinical features of the patients were hepatosplenomegaly with raised aminotransferase activities in three patients, three had encephalopathy, interstitial pneumonitis occurred in two, and two had cardiomyopathy. But two patients with persistent B19 infection died within 5 and 22 months of the first episode of pancytompenia. Children with weakened immune systems may not be able to produce neutralizing antibodies, and therefore develop persistently active B19 infection.

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