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3rd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and TreatmentRio de Janeiro - July 24-27, 2005 |
Main TOC Monday TOC Wednesday TOC
Cite as: IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd: Abstract No. xx
where xx is the abstract number.
| Tuesday FORUM • 01 |
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| TuFo01 Complications of HIV therapy |
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 TuFo0101 |
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK OF HIV THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0101) Bruno Caramelli This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| TuFo0102 |
IMPLICATIONS OF METABOLIC TOXICITY IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0102) Elly Katabira This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
 TuFo0103 |
RENAL EFFECTS OF HIV THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0103) Marianne Harris This is a Power Point presentation. There is no abstract available. |
| TuFo0105 | SHIFT FROM PROTEASE INHIBITOR- TOWARDS NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR-BASED HAART VERSUS LIPID-LOWERING TREATMENT, FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF HAART-RELATED DYSLIPIDEMIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0105) Calza L., Manfredi R., Colangeli V., Tampellini L., Sebastiani T., Pocaterra D., Chiodo F. Pravastatin and bezafibrate proved significantly more effective in the management of HAART-related hyperlipidemia, than the switching therapy from a protease inhibitor-based regimen, toward a nevirapine- or efavirenz-based one. Further studies are needed to elaborate guidelines for pharmacological management of HAART-associated hyperlipidemia. |
| TuFo0106 | CHARACTERIZATION OF ANEMIA IN HIV-INFECTED (HIV+) SUBJECTS TREATED WITH ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) WITH AND WITHOUT ZIDOVUDINE (+/- ZDV) IN 54 CLINICAL TRIALS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0106) Edwards M., Burkle W., Cutrell A., Liao Q., Brothers C., Hernandez J. The overall incidence of anemia in this cohort was low (1%). Subjects treated with ZDV had a higher incidence of anemia compared to subjects not treated with ZDV. This incidence, however, was low and appeared to be lower when COM/TZV were used. |
| FORUM • 02 | |
| TuFo02 PMTCT toxicity and resistance |
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| TuFo0202 | ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN HIV INFECTED WOMEN TREATED WITH HAART IN ABIDJAN CÔTE d'IVOIRE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0202) Tonwe-Gold B., Becquet R., Kone M., Ayekoe I., Viho I., Toure P., Ekouevi D.K., Abrams E.J., Dabis F., Leroy V. We found a higher rate of low birth weight in HAART treated women compared to women not eligible for HAART treatment, but no difference in stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates. Further larger scale investigations should be performed to assess the risk of HAART on pregnant women in the context of scaling up in low-income countries. |
| TuFo0203 |
VIRAL RESISTANCE AND PMTCT ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMENS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0203) Christine Rouzioux Power Point Presentation |
| TuFo0204 | ADDITION OF SHORT COURSE COMBIVIR (CBV) TO SINGLE DOSE VIRAMUNE (SDNVP) FOR THE PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) OF HIV-1 CAN SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASE THE SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT OF MATERNAL AND PAEDIATRIC NNRTI-RESISTANT VIRUS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0204) McIntyre J.A.1, Martinson N., Gray G.E., Hopley M., Kimura T., Robinson P., Mayers D. SdNVP+CBV can significantly decrease the subsequent development of maternal and paediatric drug resistant HIV-1. The optimal duration of CBV is uncertain and the two sdNVP+CBV arms remain open to accrual. |
| FORUM • 03 | |
| TuFo03 New challenges in HIV co-infections |
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| TuFo0301 |
MALARIA & HIV CO-INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0301) Jimmy Whitworth Power Point Presentation. |
| TuFo0302 |
IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION DISEASE: CURRENT ISSUES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0302) Bill Powderly MD Power Point Presentation. |
| TuFo0303 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE HIV PATIENT CO-INFECTED WITH HBV/HCV WITH END STAGE LIVER DISEASE (ESLD) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0303) José M. Miró, MD, PhD Power Point Presentation. |
| TuFo0304 |
CHANGING INFLUENCE OF ART ON OPPORTUNISTIC ILLNESSES (OIS) IN THE UNITED STATES, 1994-2003 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0304) A.D. McNaghten, Debra L. Hanson, Patrick S. Sullivan Power Point Presentation. |
| FORUM • 04 | |
| TuFo04 Role of adaptive immunity and viral evolution in vaccine design |
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| TuFo0403 |
IMMUNE SELECTION OF VIRAL VARIANTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuFo0403) Simon Mallal Power Point Presentation. |
| ORAL ABSTRACTS • 01 | |
TuOa01 HIV vaccine development trials |
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| TuOa0101 | CONTROL OF VIREMIA AFTER ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT AND THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION WITH NOVEL FORMS OF DNA VACCINES IN CHRONICALLY SIVMAC251-INFECTED MACAQUES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0101) Felber B.1, von Gegerfelt A.1, Rosati M.1, Alicea C.1, Roth P.1, Bear J.1, Valentin A.1, Boyer J.2, Weiner D.3, Bischofberger N.4, Markham P.5, Albert P.6, Franchini G.6, Pavlakis G.1 The combination of novel forms of DNA vaccines administered during ART treatment induced an immune response able to control viremia after removal of ART. Importantly, animals able to control virus maintained this ability for two years after ART termination. Optimized DNA vectors may be beneficial either alone or in combination with other vaccine modalities as an addition to antiretroviral treatment. |
| TuOa0102 | IMMUNE MODULATION IN HAART-NAÏVE, ASYMPTOMATIC HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS UNDERGOING THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION WITH HIV-1 WHOLE KILLED VACCINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0102) Gori A.1, Trabattoni D.2, Rizzardini G.3, Maserati R.4, Schenal M.2, Fasano F.2, Mazzotta F.5, Theofan G.6, Bray D.H.7, Clerici M.2 Immunotherapy with REMUNE is associated with changes in circulating lymphocytes phenotype and, possibly, with a positive effect on thymic functions. Data from larger cohorts of subjects are required to assess clinical significance of these observations. |
| TuOa0103 | CROSS CLADE CD8+ T CELL RESPONSES IN PRIMARY HIV-1 CLADE B INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0103) Malhotra U.1, Nolin J.1, Maenza J.1, McElrath M.J.1 Extensive cross-clade T-cell responses exist in primary HIV-1 infection. Surprisingly, responses to both clade-specific and cross-clade peptides were detected with similar sensitivity, despite significantly smaller amino-acid diversity between isolate and clade-specific consensus-sequences compared to cross-clade sequences (3-8% vs. 15-30%). Finally, we conclude that new strategies to augment T-cell epitope coverage provided by consensus sequences, specifically in domains with moderate and high sequence variability, are needed. |
| TuOa0104 | HOST GENETICS, VIRAL SEQUENCE DIVERSITY AND ANTIVIRAL CELLULAR AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN HIV-1 CLADE B INFECTED INDIVIDUALS IN PERU IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0104) Zuniga R.1, Lucchetti A.1, Galvan P.1, Sanchez S.1, Peinado J.1, Frahm N.2, Linde C.2, Hewitt H.2, Hildebrand W.H.3, Montefiori D.4, Allen T.2, Altfeld M.2, Walker B.D.2, Sanchez J.1, Brander C.2 Together, this is the first study to combine a detailed assessment of nAb, CTL and Th-cell responses, viral sequence analysis and host genetics to guide HVI vaccine design and highlight the importance of defining these factors for the design of potential vaccine candidates. |
| TuOa0105 | AN EXTREMELY COMMON MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX CLASS I ALLELE IN MAURITIAN CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0105) Krebs K., Rudersdorf R., Jin Z., OConnor D. These studies will lay the foundation for the use of Mauritian Cynomolgus macaques in AIDS vaccine studies that elicit CD8+ T cell responses. The HIV and SIV research communities stand to benefit considerably from the availability and reduced genetic diversity of Mauritian Cynomolgus macaques. |
| TuOa0107 | ASSESSING POTENTIAL CANDIDATES FOR HIV PREVENTION TRIALS IN A VERY POOR AREA OF RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0107) Velasco de Castro C.1, Grinsztejn B.2, Veloso V.G.2, Bastos F.I.3, Pilotto J.H.4, Paiva M.2, Friedman R.2, Moreira R.I.2, Morgado M.G.5 The high rate of incident infections we found indicates the vulnerability of poor population to HIV/AIDS. It also shows the usefulness of this assay to identify recent HIV infections. In Rio de Janeiro, VCTs attended by very poor population can be an adequate setting for recruitment of potential candidates to HIV prevention and therapeutic trials targeting recently infected individuals. |
| ORAL ABSTRACTS • 02 | |
| TuOa02 New antiretroviral agents |
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| TuOa0201 | SMALL MOLECULE HIV ENTRY INHIBITORS TARGETING GP41 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0201) Jiang S., Lu H., Liu S., Zhao Q., He Y., Debnath A.K. These potent small molecule anti-HIV-1 compounds may interact with the components in the gp41 heptad repeat regions and block formation of the fusogenic core of six-helix bundle, thereby inhibiting gp41-mediated membrane fusion. These compounds will be used as leads for development of novel anti-HIV drugs, small molecule HIV entry inhibitors targeting gp41. |
| TuOa0202 | IMMUNE THERAPY OF ADVANCED HIV-1 INFECTION BY TRANSDUCED AUTOLOGOUS T HELPER CELLS EXPRESSING A PEPTIDE WHICH INHIBITS VIRAL ENTRY. RESULTS OF A PHASE I PILOT STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0202) van Lunzen J.1, Glaunsinger T.1, Stahmer I.1, Kühlcke K.2, Schilz A.2, Stellbrink H.J.1, Mayr C.3, Dinauer N.4, Alexandrov A.4, von Laer D.5 This first gene therapeutic approach for HIV infection based on entry inhibition shows promising results. Transduced CD4+ T cells have been transfused safely leading to an increase of circulating CD4+ T cells. This increase in app. 60% of these advanced patients warrant further trials in less immunocompromised cohorts. |
| TuOa0203 | TREATMENT WITH GROWTH HORMONE LEADS TO IMPROVEMENT IN TOTAL AND NAÏVE CD4 LYMPHOCYTE RECOVERY IN HIV-INFECTED SUBJECTS WITH INCOMPLETE IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION ON HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0203) Smith K.1, Wang R.2, Bosch R.2, Margolis D.3, Tenorio A.1, Pollard R.4, Stocker V.5, Gross B.6, Frances I.6, Muurahainen N.7, ACTG 5174 Protocol Team A.5 Treatment with rGH is associated with significant increases in total and naïve CD4 count compared to HAART alone. Treatment with rGH is associated with an increase in thymus size. This is the first randomized clinical trial to demonstrate immunologic effects of rGH combined with HAART. |
| TuOa0204 | OVERVIEW OF PHASE 1 AND 2A SAFETY AND EFFICACY DATA OF MARAVIROC (UK-427,857) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0204) McHale M., Abel S., Russell D., Gallagher J., van der Ryst E. The development program to date has demonstrated that maraviroc is well tolerated at doses up to and including 300mg BID and that 10 day monotherapy resulted in significant reductions in viral load. These results indicate that further evaluation of maraviroc for the treatment of HIV infection is merited. |
| TuOa0205 | SCH 417690: ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF A POTENT NEW CCR5 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0205) Schuermann D.1, Pechardscheck C.1, Rouzier R.2, Nougarede R.2, Faetkenheuer G.3, Ochlast I.3, Raffi F.4, Hoffman C.5, Greaves W.6, Sansone A.6 SCH 417690 demonstrated potent antiviral activity against CCR5-using HIV-1 strains at all doses studied. These findings, along with the marked post-antiviral effect which lasted a number of days after completion of dosing, support further clinical development of SCH 417690. |
| TuOa0206 | ANTIVIRAL SYNERGY BETWEEN THE CCR5 MAB PRO 140 AND SMALL-MOLECULE CCR5 ANTAGONISTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0206) Murga J., Olson W., Pevear D. PRO 140 inhibits HIV-1 entry synergistically with small-molecule CCR5 antagonists and with T-20. The findings support the use of PRO 140 in combination with other HIV-1 entry inhibitors and suggest that PRO 140 represents a distinct CCR5 inhibitor subclass. |
| ORAL ABSTRACTS • 03 | |
| TuOa03 Prevention of mother-to-child transmission worldwide |
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| TuOa0301 | HIV-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN AND MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION IN EUROPE: CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EPIDEMICS IN WESTERN, CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0301) Thorne C.1, Patel D.1, Malyuta R.2, Semenenko I.2, Newell M.-L.1, European Collaborative Study T.1 There is substantial sub-regional variation in the HIV epidemic among pregnant women across Europe. MTCT rates in Western/Central Europe are now extremely low, while in Eastern Europe, rates are somewhat higher due to the use of less effective MTCT prophylaxis and fewer elective CS deliveries. |
| TuOa0302 | CAN WE SCALE UP NATIONAL PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) PROGRAM IN LOW RESOURCES SETTINGS ?: LESSONS LEARNED AND CHALLENGES FROM CAMEROON'S EXPERIENCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0302) Tsague L.1, Njom Nlend A.2, Zoung-Kanyi Bissek A.1, Tchendjou P.3, Tejiokem M.3, Tih P.4, Tene G.5, Eteki N.6, Tonye R.6, Same Ekobo C.7, Engozo'o A.1, Nokouni M.1, Koulla S.8, Penda I.9, Tchendje T.10, Bella A.1 The PMTCT program has effectively embarked into the scaling up phase, but some challenges remain: consolidate the existing activities and scaling up the interventions at the district level using the "district approach", Improve into the community awareness and commitment for PMTCT. |
| TuOa0303 | FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ACCEPTANCE OF HIV VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING AND TESTING AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN CAMEROON'S PMTCT PROGRAM. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0303) Tsague L.1, Njom Nlend A.2, Zoung-Kanyi A.C.1, Engozo'o A.1, Nokouni M.1, Tene G.3, Eteki N.4, Penda I.5, Same Ekobo C.6, Tejioken M.7, Tchendjou P.7, Tih P.8, Bella Hiag A.1 The number of trained counsellors seems to influence HIVTU in our program more than the cost of HIV testing which is only correlated. Emphasis should be made on increasing the number of well trained cousellors at PMTCT sites to ensure a quality comprehensive PMTCT package and increase the number of pregnant women accepting HIV testing. |
| TuOa0304 | ACCEPTABILITY OF ROUTINE HIV TESTING IN ANTENATAL SERVICES IN ZIMBABWE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0304) Perez F.1, Zvandaziva C.2, Engelsmann B.3, Marchand D.1, Dabis F.1 Introduction of routine HIV testing in antenatal care is acceptable to most women and would increase uptake of PMTCT services. In Zimbabwe, where 25% of pregnant women are HIV infected, introduction of these strategies would have a far reaching public health impact. Issues regarding, stigma, quality of post-testing counselling and staffing will need to be considered. |
| TuOa0305 | DISCORDANT COUPLES AMONG HIV POSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN IN PMTCT PROGRAM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0305) Vijayakumari J.1, Rukmani R.1, Anuradha G.2, Jacob M.1, Srijeyanth P.1, Samuel N.M.1 HIV discordant couples where the husbands are negative exist in the rural Indian population. In spite of discordance, the couples live together. Repeated couple counseling is essential for providing psychosocial support and for preventing seroconversion. |
| TuOa0306 | TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR (NNRTI)-BASED COMBINATION THERAPY IN THAI MTCT-PLUS PATIENTS FOLLOWED UP WITH LOW-COST TOOL: RESULTS AT 12 MONTHS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0306) Phanuphak N., Apornpong T., Teeratakulpisarn S., Phanuphak P. MTCT-Plus model of care in the setting of developing country, using strong adherence support provided by highly effective teamwork and low-cost follow-up tool, provides very high adherence rate among patients receiving NNRTI-based combination therapy along with significant improvement in CD4 counts over 12 months. |
| ORAL ABSTRACTS • 04 | |
| TuOa04 Sexual transmission |
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| TuOa0401 | FEMALE CIRCUMCISION AND HIV INFECTION IN TANZANIA: FOR BETTER OR FOR WORSE? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0401) Stallings R.Y.1, Karugendo E.2 A lowered risk of HIV infection among circumcised women was not attributable to confounding with another risk factor in these data. Anthropological insights on female circumcision as practiced in Tanzania may shed light on this conundrum. |
| TuOa0402 | IMPACT OF MALE CIRCUMCISION ON THE FEMALE-TO-MALE TRANSMISSION OF HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0402) Auvert B.1, Puren A.2, Taljaard D.3, Lagarde E.4, Sitta R.4, Tambekou J.4 Male circumcision provides a high degree of protection against HIV infection acquisition. Male circumcision is equivalent to a vaccine with a 63% efficacy. The promotion of male circumcision in uncircumcised males will reduce HIV incidence among men and indirectly will protect females and children from HIV infection. Male circumcision must be recognized as an important means to fight the spread of HIV infection and the international community must mobilize to promote it. |
| TuOa0403 | HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS IS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV ACQUISITION: THE EXPLORE STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0403) Chin-Hong P.1, Husnik M.2, Benet D.3, Buchbinder S.4, Colfax G.4, Cranston R.5, Da Costa M.1, Darragh T.1, Judson F.6, Koblin B.7, Mayer K.8, Vittinghoff E.1, Palefsky J.1 Anal HPV and ASC on anal cytology are independently associated with HIV acquisition. Prospective studies that incorporate high-resolution anoscopy for more sensitive visual and histologic identification of AIN are needed to extend these cytologic findings. Identification of HPV and HPV-associated lesions may improve assessment of HIV transmission risk. |
| TuOa0404 | EXPLORING SEXUAL BEHAVIOR OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV PRIOR TO HAART: EXPERIENCES FROM THAILAND IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0404) Oberdorfer A.1, Chariyalertsak S.2, Thapinta D.3, Suwantherangoon J.1, Guest P.4, Wu A.5, Sarna A.6 Consistent condom use was lower among some specific participants especially those who did not know about the HIV status of their partners as well as those couples who both were HIV positive. Disclosure and consistent condom use should be encouraged among these groups. |
| TuOa0405 | WOMEN SURVIVAL SEX WORKERS IN VANCOUVER'S DOWNTOWN EASTSIDE: A HIDDEN HIV EPIDEMIC IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0405) Shannon K.1, Bright V.2, Duddy J.3, Oleson M.1, Gibson K.4, Tyndall M.W.5 HIV infection among survival sex workers in Vancouver is associated with risky drug use patterns, inconsistent condom use, and early age of initiation into sex work. Given the high levels of mobility along with inconsistent condom use, there is a growing potential for HIV transmission to clients in other parts of the city. With 26% of women already HIV positive, there is an urgent need to expand HIV prevention and care strategies that address the multiple risks faced by these women as well as the serious public health consequences of continued neglect. |
| TuOa0406 | THE FIRST SEXUAL EXPERIENCE OF UNMARRIED MALES IN IBADAN,NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuOa0406) Adewole D.A.1, Lawoyin T.O.2 Family life education should be given before the age of 17 years and certainly before university education when most would have been sexually experienced. Adolescents and youths need to be given skills to resist unplanned SI as condoms are less likely to be used. |
| POSTER PRESENTATION • 01 | |
| TuPp01 HIV-specific cellular immunity |
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| TuPp0101 | HIGH DEGREE OF INTER-CLADE CROSS-REACTIVITY OF HIV-1-SPECIFIC T CELL RESPONSES ON THE SINGLE PEPTIDE LEVEL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0101) Yu X., Lichterfeld M., Perkins B., Chen J., Cheng M., Kang W., Brander C., Walker B., Altfeld M. Viral epitopes within regions of low HIV-1 clade B diversity and high inter-clade homology can be recognized in the clade A, B and C variants and indicate a wide degree of cross-isolate and cross-clade recognition by HIV-1-specific T cells. These regions may therefore be of particular relevance for the design of HIV-1 vaccines. |
| TuPp0102 | IMMUNODOMINANCE AND CROSS-RECOGNITION OF CD8+ T CELL REPONSES IN HIV-1-INFECTED CHINESE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0102) Kang W.1, Yu X.G.2, Zhai S.1, Zhuang Y.1, Wang S.1, Li X.1, Altfeld M.2, Wu X.1, Perkins B.A.2, Walker B.D.2, Sun Y.1 These studies indicate that the HIV-1-specific T cell responses cluster in Gag and Nef proteins, which is in line with previous studies in infected Caucasians and other ethnics. There are cross-recognition of CD8+ T cell responses between HIV-1 clade B and C. More detailed studies are needed to investigate the impact of HLA genetic background and infecting clades on the cellular responses in infected Chinese, however, it is promising to be able to design a vaccine covering the different strains circulating in China. |
| TuPp0103 | DURATION OF HIV EXPOSURE MODULATES THE BREADTH AND THE MAGNITUDE OF HIV-SPECIFIC MEMORY CD4+ T CELLS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0103) Younes S.-A.1, Trautmann L.2, Diab B.Y.2, Dumont A.2, Kalfayan L.2, Kernaleguen A.-E.2, Lainesse M.2, Boulassel R.3, Routy J.-P.3, Sékaly R.-P.2 Our data indicate that a short or prolonged exposure to high levels of HIV leads to diminishing HIV-specific CD4+ T cell responses. A better understanding of HIV-specific CD4+ T cell responses in early HAART treated patients could contribute to the design of a vaccine against HIV to restaure a memory compartment efficient and stable in time. |
| TuPp0104 | THE LYSISPOT ASSAY REVEALS HIV-SPECIFIC T CELLS CAN LYSE TARGETS WITHOUT SECRETING IFN-γ DIRECTLY EX VIVO, AND THE RELATIVE FREQUENCIES OF IFN-γ SECRETING AND CYTOTOXIC CELLS VARY BOTH AMONGST HIV-SPECIFIC AND IN COMPARISON TO CMV, EBV RESPONSES WITHIN INDIVIDUAL PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no.TuPp0104) Snyder-Cappione J.E., Divekar A.A., Maupin G.M., Jin X., Demeter L.M., Mosmann T.R. The IFN-γ and cytotoxic effector functions are independently exerted by individual HIV-specific T cells directly ex vivo from chronically infected subjects. Also, comparisons of these two effector functions between HIV-specific T cells and T cells specific for other chronic infections within individual subjects indicate the HIV-specific T cells are not 'pre-terminally differentiated' as previously suggested. Further analysis of the frequencies of directly cytotoxic T cells may be of considerable value in the assessment of disease progression and the efficacy of HIV vaccines. |
| TuPp0105 | EVALUATION OF VIRAL-SPECIFIC CD8 T CELL RESPONSES IN HIV-1+ PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT EFFECT OF LONG-TERM HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0105) Magaev S.1, Nikolova M.1, Kostov K.2, Beshkov D.1, Varleva T.3, Taskov H.1 A good response to HAART results in viral load suppression and promotes the functional differentiation of CTL (group A). In contrast, persisting viral replication results in accumulation of intermediately differentiated effectors (group C). The combination of CD4 depletion and viral overload (group B) ends with the exhaustion of the CD8 T cell functional pool and the accumulation of activation-resistant senile cells. |
| TuPp0106 | ROLE OF THE THYMUS IN HIV PATHOGENESIS AND IN IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0106) Grossman Z.1, Dion M.-L.2, Alon H.1, Routy J.-P.3, Sekaly R.-P.4, Cheynier R.5 Suppression of thymic production by HIV may contribute to disease progression, contrary to what has recently been suggested by others. Under HAART, the thymus probably contributes to immune reconstitution both numerically and by providing clones with a diverse repertoire. |
| POSTER PRESENTATION • 02 | |
| TuPp02 Strategies to increase VCT uptake |
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| TuPp0201 | TAKING IT TO THE STREETS: MOBILE UNITS FOR COUPLES VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0201) Casanova D.1, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group Z.E.H.R.P.2 Successful MU sites depend on the participation of community and political/administrative leaders as well as the type of site. In Kigali, the most successful MU benefited from strong INL involvement and additional leaders at the grassroots level. In Lusaka, bringing services closer to the community through MUs has not been successful. Additional political/administrative and grassroots leaders have not been fully utilized in promoting MUs and these sites may not be far enough away from the fixed site. |
| TuPp0202 | WHAT INFLUENCES COUPLES TO GET TESTED AT COUPLES VCT CENTERS IN KIGALI, RWANDA AND LUSAKA, ZAMBIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0202) Sardar G.1, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group Z.2 The same promotional activities yielded very different results in the two cities. One-on-one contact with an INA is an effective means of promoting CVCT in both Kigali and Lusaka. The hoped for 'snowball effect' only occurred in Kigali, with tested couples referring many friends for CVCT. Radio was also a more effective strategy in Kigali, where there is only one local language. In Lusaka, 5 major language groups and 72 dialects are represented in a large number of radio stations. |
| TuPp0203 | UNDERSTANDING MALE AND FEMALE EXPERIENCE AND NEEDS IN RELATION TO HIV TESTING IN RURAL ZIMBABWE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0203) SHerr L.1, Gregson S.2, Nyamukapa C.3, Oberzaucher N.4, Lopman B.5, Mushati P.3, Garnett G.5, Chandiwana S.3 This data has implications for strategy, the quality of provision of VCT and a reappraisal of stereotypes in the literature – especially in relation to men. |
| TuPp0204 | HIGH UPTAKE OF VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING AND TESTING (VCT) SERVICES USING THE MOBILE AND HOME-TO-HOME (M&H-H) APPROACHES IN 2 TWO DISTRICTS IN EASTERN UGANDA, THROUGH THE AIDS INFORMATION CENTRE (AIC) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0204) Murana E., Okello B.N. Partnerships with local stakeholders and agencies providing care and support services are crucial for sustainability of this service. Capacity building for CORPs is vital. |
| TuPp0205 | CREATING DEMAND FOR VCT: A MULTI-COUNTRY EXAMINATION OF SOCIAL MARKETING PROGRAMS FOR VCT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0205) Joseph D., Richter K., England S. Social marketing of VCT using mass media and IPC focusing on the positive benefits and importance of VCT are an effective means of promoting VCT and decreasing stigma around HIV-testing. However, more analysis is needed to assess the best way to promote and deliver cost-effective VCT to high-risk groups in lower-prevalence settings. |
| TuPp0206 | COMPLIMENTARITY OF VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING (VCT) SERVICES AND HIV CARE AND TREATMENT PROGRAMS IN TANZANIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0206) Mduma B., Dulle R., Temu F., Didi A., Ocheng D., Gavyole A. Rapid HIV testing is now acceptable countrywide, and feasible to many people. This has increased the number of people accessing VCT services and consequently referred to among others, care and treatment services. |
| POSTER PRESENTATION • 03 | |
| TuPp03 HIV drug resistance around the world |
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| TuPp0301 | PATTERNS OF HIV-1 GENOTYPIC ANTIRETROVIRAL RESISTANCE IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: A SURVEY OF THE BRAZILIAN NETWORK FOR GENOTYPIC RESISTANCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0301) Munerato P.1, Andreo S.M.1, Sucupira M.C.1, Mamede S.2, Mota G.1, Sá Filho D.1, Cavalieri E.1, Arakaki D.2, Marins J.R.P.2, Diaz R.S.1 We found high prevalence of TAM. Almost half of patients failing Nelfinavir had limited chances of salvage by other PI. Resistance to Nelfinavir in non-B strains most frequently related to other mutations than 30N or 90M. The genotypic patterns of resistance between clades B and F are distinct in protease, revealing a poor understanding of resistance correlates in F strains. |
| TuPp0302 | HIV-1 DRUG RESISTANCE IN CHINA: NATION-WIDE SURVEY AND ANALYSIS OF IMPACTING FACTORS IN THE NATIONAL ARV TREATMENT PROGRAM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0302) Xing H.1, Jiang S.1, Si X.1, Cheng H.1, Shang H.2, Li J.3, Kang L.4, Zhong P.44, Shao Y.1 The frequency of HIV DR-related mutation is very low in drug naïve HIV-1 infected subjects in China. The regimens of AZT/3TC/NVP and D4T/DDI/EFV are better than AZT/DDI/NVP and D4T/DDI/NVP measured by viral control and inhibition of HIV DR-related mutations. The emergence of DR-related mutation was the cause of ART treatment failure. |
| TuPp0303 | THE PRESENCE OF A SINGLE CANONICAL NNRTI RESISTANCE MUTATION IN NAÏVE HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS REDUCES THE PROPORTION ACHIEVING VIROLOGICAL SUCCESS WHEN STARTING NNRTI-BASED REGIMENS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0303) Price H., Jones R., Mandalia S., Bower M., Nelson M., Gazzard B. More than half the patients treated with NNRTI regimens responded despite pre-existing resistance although response to a PI containing regimen was better. |
| TuPp0304 | HIV-PROVIRAL DNA AND PLASMA-RNA SEQUENCING FOR DETECTION OF DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN ANTIRETROVIRAL NAÏVE PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0304) Parisi S.G.1, Mazzi R.2, Zazzi M.3, Manfrin V.4, Nicolini G.5, Carolo G.6, Boldrin C.1, Franchin E.1, Dal Bello F.1, Gatti F.2, Palù G.1 We found drug resistance in 21 out of 60 naïve-pts (35%), but only in 6 Copts and 9 Dipts (25%) this resistance was at least partially evident with conventional PL-analysis. A substantially different virus was found in PBMCs of 10 Dipts, revealing a dual infection, a recent superinfection or a reversion of an originally infecting resistant virus, with the storage of the less fit variant, still detectable as transient prevalent population in the PBMC-archive. We suggest that PBMCs analysis is useful in naïve pts to detect stored resistant variants that may compromise future therapy options. |
| TuPp0305 | LACK OF RESISTANCE TO TENOFOVIR AT WEEK 48 AND IMPACT OF BASELINE RESISTANCE MUTATIONS ON TREATMENT RESPONSE IN STUDY 934 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0305) McColl D., Margot N., Lu B., Cheng A., Miller M. Resistance development occurred less frequently in the TDF/FTC arm of study 934 compared to the CBV arm (3.7% versus 7%, mITT). Fewer pts on TDF/FTC developed M184V and no pt developed K65R through 48 weeks. A significantly greater proportion of pts with BL NNRTI-R met RA criteria and then developed further NNRTI-R and/or M184V. The effectiveness in ART-naïve HIV patients of combination regimens including an NNRTI would be improved by the use of genotyping prior to starting therapy. |
| TuPp0306 | HIGH RATE OF VIROLOGICAL FAILURE DURING ONCE DAILY THERAPY WITH TENOFOVIR + DIDANOSINE 250MG + EFAVIRENZ IN ANTIRETROVIRAL NAÏVE PATIENTS – RESULTS OF THE 12 WEEK INTERIM ANALYSIS OF THE TEDDI TRIAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0306) van Lunzen J.1, Schewe K.2, Kuhlmann B.3, Hoffmann C.4, Stoll M.5, Dellamonica P.6, Prazuck T.7, Benech H.8, Taburet A.M.9, Delfraissy J.F.9 OD TDF/ddI/EFV was safe and led to a strong CD4 cell recovery. However, an unexpected high rate of virological failure was observed in patients with high BL viral loads and low CD4 counts. Thus this regimen should not be recommended in these patients. |
| POSTER PRESENTATION • 04 TuPp04 - |
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| TuPp04 Understanding prevention of mother-to-child transmission |
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| TuPp0401 | PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN HIV-INFECTED AND UNINFECTED WOMEN IN URBAN AND RURAL SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0401) Rollins N.1, Coovadia H.2, van den Broeck J.3, Bland R.3, Bennish M.3, Newell M.L.4, for the Vertical Transmission Study 3 Maternal HIV infection is associated with an increased risk of miscarriages, stillbirths but not neonatal mortality. HIV-exposed infants were lighter and more likely of low birth weight. Optimising antenatal care of HIV-infected women including appropriate antiretroviral drugs may reduce early fetal losses and improve birthweight in their offspring. |
| TuPp0402 | NEVIRAPINE CONCENTRATION IN CERVICO-VAGINAL AND OROPHARYNGEAL SECRETIONS IN A MOTHER-CHILD COHORT IN UGANDA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0402) Kunz A.1, Karcher H.1, Mayer A.1, Simo S.1, Mugenyi K.2, Kurowski M.3, Stocker H.3, Mashate S.2, Harms G.1 Cervico-vaginal and oropharyngeal secretions contained high concentrations of nevirapine after single dose application to the mother. Nevirapine levels in these body compartments may contribute to the protective effect of the drug towards HIV mother to child transmission. |
| TuPp0403 | HIV DRUG RESISTANCE AMONG WOMEN USING PROPHYLACTIC ANTIRETROVIRALS DURING PREGNANCY: A POST-PARTUM ANALYSIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0403) Kakehasi F., Aleixo A., Cleto S., Lin E., Melo V.H., Peret F., Romanelli R., Teatinni M.d.C., Pinto J. In this group of women the exposure to ARTs during pregnancy was very efficient to block MTCT with a low level of drug resistance mutation. The finding of low ART resistance rates is probably associated with the low viral load achieved observed in these women. |
| TuPp0404 | ROUTINE USE OF COMBINED ZIDOVUDINE AND NEVIRAPINE REGIMEN IN MTCT-PLUS PROGRAM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0404) Marcy O.1, Mafoua A.2, Halembokaka G.2, Tran-Minh T.1, Courpotin C.1, Lingouala G.3, Adam G.1, Mattei J.-F.1 In routine MTCT program, combined ZDV NVP regimen proves to be feasible and effective in reducing MTCT but efficacy is impaired by low adherence to one of the stages. Adherence support through counseling and education should be emphasized even when using short course MTCT regimen. |
| TuPp0405 | TIMING OF MATERNAL AND INFANT NEVIRAPINE AND THE RISK OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1: HIVNET 024 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0405) Chi B.H.1, Wang L.2, Read J.S.3, Sheriff M.4, Fiscus S.5, Brown E.6, Valentine M.7, Adeniyi-Jones S.8, Goldenberg R.L.9 Variations in the timing of maternal and infant NVP doses (within reasonable proximity to delivery) do not appear to affect the risk of MTCT. |
| TuPp0406 | THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF CESAREAN DELIVERY FOR PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (COCHRANE COLLABORATION) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPp0406) Read J.1, Newell M.-L.2 ECS is an efficacious intervention for the prevention of MTCT. The risk of PPM with ECS is higher than that associated with vaginal delivery, yet lower than with NECS. Among HIV-1-infected women, more advanced maternal HIV-1 disease stage and concomitant medical conditions (e.g., diabetes) are independent risk factors for PPM. |
| POSTER EXHIBIT | |
| TuPe1.1C Hepatitis viruses |
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| TuPe1.1C01 | EFFICACY OF ACUTE HCV TREATMENT WITH PEG-INTERFERON α-2B AND RIBAVIRIN IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C01) Kruk A. After 24 weeks of acute HCV treatment with peg-interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin 15 (88%) of treated patients were HCV RNA negative. Peg-interferon and ribavirin show good antiviral efficacy in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. Discontinuation rate is low, but depression is a major problem in this cohort with a high proportion of drug users. |
| TuPe1.1C02 | SOCIAL CORRELATES OF CO-INFECTION WITH HIV AND HEPATITIS C IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C02) Grierson J.1, Pitts M.1, Thorpe R.1, O'Brien M.2 While many aspects of living with HIV are shared regardless of hepatitis C status, some issues are likely to affect co-infected PLWHA more than their peers. This has important implications for responses by community organisations (both HIV specific and hepatitis specific) and for those involved in clinical and health management. |
| TuPe1.1C03 | SAFETY OF A FOSAMPRENAVIR/RITONAVIR (FPV/R) CONTAINING REGIMEN OVER 120 WEEKS IN HIV-1 INFECTED THERAPY-NAÏVE ADULTS WITH OR WITHOUT HEPATITIS B (HBV) AND/OR C (HCV) CO-INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C03) DeJesus E.1, Gladysz A.2, Vera J.3, Pulido F.4, Carosi G.5, Garris C.6, Givens N.7, Yeo J.7, Felton M.7 • Subjects in both the co-infected and non co-infected groups who completed at least 120 weeks had a median decrease in ALT and AST. • Incidence of AEs was comparable between co-infected subjects and those without co-infection. • In co-infected subjects, minimal additional liver toxicity was observed with longer term FPV/r QD therapy. |
| TuPe1.1C04 | THE PREVALENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF GBV-C VIRUS INFECTION IN HIV-INFECTED KENYAN MOTHERS AND THEIR INFANTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C04) Low A., Essajee S. Contrary to a recent study in Tanzania, this demonstrates a trend towards a decrease in vertical transmission of HIV in GBV-C co-infected mothers in Kenya. A larger cohort is currently being studied to see if this phenomenon is duplicated. In addition, this group will be followed for a four year period to investigate the outcome of GBV-C/HIV co-infection over time. |
| TuPe1.1C05 | EFFECT OF HEPATITIS C INFECTION ON IMMUNOLOGIC AND VIROLOGIC RESPONSE AMONG PERSONS WITH HIV INFECTION INITIATING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C05) Sullivan P.1, Hanson D.1, Teshale E.1, Wotring L.2 In our cohort, prevalent HCV infection was not associated with attenuated virologic or immunologic response after HAART initiation, except among persons with previously diagnosed alcoholism. Although HCV infection may adversely impact progression of HIV disease, it does not appear to lessen response to HAART in the first year after initiation. Understanding durability of VL suppression and long term trends in CD4 for those with HCV is important. |
| TuPe1.1C06 | IMPACT OF LAMIVUDINE (3TC) ON THE RISK OF LIVER RELATED DEATH (LRD) IN 2,041 HBSAG AND HIV-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS. RESULTS OF AN INTERCOHORT ANALYSIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C06) Puoti M.1, Cozzi-Lepri A.2, Paraninfo G.3, Lundgren J.4, Rickenbach M.5, Suarez-Lozano I.6, Winnock M.7, Gervais A.8, Gill J.9, Rockstroh J.10, Mussini C.11, Castagna A.12, De Luca A.13, d'Arminio Monforte A.14 The use of 3TC was associated with a reduced risk of LRD over a median of 4 yrs. Data need to be re-assessed after longer follow-up to verify if this effect is retained in spite of the development of YMDD mutations. |
| TuPe1.1C07 | IS FIRST LINE COMBINATION THERAPY OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B WITH TENOFOVIR PLUS LAMIVUDINE SUPERIOR TO SEQUENTIAL THERAPY WITH TENOFOVIR AFTER RESISTANCE TO LAMIVUDINE IN HBV/HIV-COINFECTION? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C07) Mauss S.1, Nelson M.2, Lutz T.3, Sheldon J.4, Bruno R.5, van Boemmel F.6, Rockstroh J.7, Stoehr A.8, Soriano V.4, Berger F.1, Berg T.6, Carlebach A.3, Schwarze-Zander C.7, Wunsche T.6, Schmutz G.1 In this cohort of HBV/HIV-coinfected individuals, strong HBV-DNA suppression was achieved in the majority of patients independent of treatment allocation. In addition HBe- and HBs-antigen loss was not different in both arms. TDF after the occurrence of 3TC-resistance was as effective as 3TC+TDF in coinfected patients with highly replicative HBV-infection. Longer follow-up will be needed to compare the durability of the viral suppression in both arms. |
| TuPe1.1C08 | CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOME OF DECOMPENSATED LIVER CIRRHOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C08) Euba G., Shaw E., Castellote J.1, Xiol X., Podzamczer D., Santin M. Decompensated liver cirrhosis implies a poor prognosis in HIV-infected pts. In the HAART era, mortality of HIV-cirrhotic pts is mostly related to liver disease. Due to the short survival after decompensation occurs, liver transplantation should be considered as soon as possible in these pts. |
| TuPe1.1C09 | HEPATITIS C INFECTION IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH SYSTEMIC HIV-ASSOCIATED NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA: A COHORT STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C09) Waters L., Stebbing J., Mandalia S., Young A.-M., Nelson M., Gazzard B., Bower M. In this immunocompromised patient population, there was no association between HCV infection and an increased risk of lymphoma. |
| TuPe1.1C10 | IS THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE HEPATITIS C IN HIV POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS EFFECTIVE? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C10) Nelson M., Gilleece Y., Browne R., Asboe D., Atkins M., Mandalia S., Bower M., Gazzard B. SVR rates in HIV positive patients treated acutely for hepatitis C are lower than in HIV negative subjects. A high percentage of individuals seroconvert spontaneously. |
| TuPe1.1C11 | THE CORRELATION BETWEEN HCV AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION AMONG HIV POSITIVE AND HIV NEGATIVE PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C11) Kowalska J.D., Podlasin R.B. The statistically proven correlations, between HCV and HpI among HIV+ and HIV(-) patients, were of weak strength. That is why no conclusions of clinical outcome should be made on this basis. As there are no other data about HpI prevalence in HIV/HCV co-infected patients it seems that we need more studies in this area. Frequent use of proton pomp inhibitors among patients with GI disorders may lead to serious drug-to-drug interactions, especially with ARV therapy. Thus evaluating the HpI status, among the high risk group of HCVAb(+) patients, by routine check-up of symptomatic ones and consequent eradication of H.pylori should be considered. |
| TuPe1.1C12 | PREVALENCE OF HIV, HEPATITIS B AND C VIRUSES IN HIGH RISK POPULATION IN ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C12) Lioznov D., Nikolaenko S., Sabadash N., Antonova T., Belayeva T. These data indicate that hepatitis C is the most frequent pathogen in this high-risk population. High prevalence of coinfection among subjects and there social status impede access to lifesaving treatment and/or limit its effectiveness. There is need in effective prevention and care programs for this population. |
| TuPe1.1C13 | THE DIFFICULTIES OF INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF HCV COINFECTION ON SURVIVAL AND RESPONSE TO HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C13) Bhaskaran K. We found no evidence of an independent effect of HCV on time to viral load suppression. However, it is possible that HCV-positive status contributes to the longer time to viral suppression in IDUs. It is difficult to separate these effects, given the high prevalence of HCV in IDUs. Natural history studies must tackle the problem that those tested for HCV in the pre-HAART era may be an extremely selected group with better prognosis. |
| TuPe1.1C14 | LIVER ENZYME ELEVATION AFTER SINGE PI VS. BOOSTED PI VS. NNRTI-BASED HAART IN A COHORT OF 1038 HCV/HIV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS: RESULTS OF THE MASTER-EPOKA-A COHORT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C14) Torti C.1, Lapadula G.1, Casari S.1, Puoti M.1, Quiros-Roldan E.1, Bella D.1, Pastore G.2, Ladisa N.2, Minoli L.3, Sotgiu G.3, Mazzotta F.4, Lo Caputo S.4, Bonora S.5, Filice G.3, Carosi G.1 Higher risk of hepatotoxicity and different pattern of risk factors appeared in N compared to E patients. Single or multiple PI-based regimens were not associated with risk of hepatotoxicity either in N or E groups. A cautious approach and strict monitoring should be applied in HIV/HCV E patients with a previous hepatotoxicity, higher baseline ALT and prescribed NNRTI-containing regimens, who have an high risk of liver toxicity. |
| TuPe1.1C15 | STRATIFICATION OF RISK FOR MORTALITY BY BASELINE CD4 CELL COUNTS IN HEPATITIS C POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE INDIVIDUALS INITIATING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C15) Moore D., Braitstein P., Yip B., Montaner J., Hogg R. Baseline CD4 strata which are associated with increased non-accidental mortality appear to be similar for HCV negative and HCV positive receiving HAART, suggesting no benefit to earlier treatment of HCV positive individuals. |
| TuPe1.1C16 | SAFETY OF ABACAVIR (ABC)+LAMIVUDINE (3TC)-BASED HAART IN ART-NAÏVE HIV-INFECTED SUBJECTS WITH AND WITHOUT HEPATITIS B (HBV) AND/OR HEPATITIS C (HCV) CO-INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C16) Zhao H., Hernandez J., Cutrell A., Givens N., Wakeford J., Scott T. In subjects treated with ABC+3TC based HAART, there was no significant difference in the incidence and/or type of AEs, grade 2-4 AEs or treatment emergent AEs, regardless of whether subjects were HBV and/or HCV co-infected or not. In addition, the incidence of specific adverse events in co-infected subjects did not differ between subjects taking ABC QD and those taking ABC BID. |
| TuPe1.1C17 | HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN 40 HIV/HCV-COINFECTED VERSUS 50 HCV-MONOINFECTED PATIENTS. NORTH AMERICAN HCC IN HIV STUDY GROUP IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C17) Bräu N.1, Xiao P.2, Naqvi Z.3, Taylor L.E.4, Sulkowski M.S.5, Sherman M.6, Trikha A.1, Rigsby M.O.7, Martyn C.3, Dieterich D.T.8, Wright T.L.9, Brown S.T.1, Bini E.J.10 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients develop HCC at a younger age than HCV-monoinfected patients due to a shorter interval from HCV infection to HCC. In contrast to the European study, we did not find a difference in survival between HIV/HCV and HCV patients. |
| TuPe1.1C18 | EFFECT OF HIV CO-INFECTION ON SPONTANEOUS CLEARANCE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) IN THE DOWNTOWN EASTSIDE OF VANCOUVER IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C18) Grebely J.1, Conway B.1, Raffa J.2, Lai C.3, Krajden M.4, Kerr T.3, Wood E.3, Tyndall M.3 In this large community cohort, the prevalence of HCV and HIV/HCV co-infection were high at 63.5% and 18.5%, respectively. Co-infection with HIV and male gender decreases the likelihood of spontaneous clearance of HCV, while the presence of previous co-infection with HBV increases its likelihood. |
| TuPe1.1C19 | IMPACT OF SAFETY EVENTS ON SUSTAINED VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE (SVR) IN PATIENTS WITH HIV-HCV CO-INFECTION ENROLLED IN THE AIDS PEGASYS RIBAVIRIN INTERNATIONAL CO-INFECTION TRIAL (APRICOT) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C19) Sulkowski M.1, Pérez-Guzmán E.2, Moreno S.3, Marinos G.4, Dieterich D.T.5, Clumeck N.6, Opravil M.7 If AEs can be prevented or treated without the need for premature withdrawal, it may be possible to improve SVR rates. |
| TuPe1.1C20 | EFFECT OF HIV INFECTION ON LIVER ENZYMES OF HCV INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C20) Langohr K., Sanvisens A., Santesmases J., Tor J., Rey-Joly C., Muga R. In individuals with chronic hepatitis C, HIV infection modifies the predictors of liver enzyme elevations. |
| TuPe1.1C21 | HISTOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO PEGINTERFERON α-2A (40KD) (PEGASYS®) PLUS RIBAVIRIN (COPEGUS®) IN HIV-HCV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH BRIDGING FIBROSIS OR CIRRHOSIS IN THE AIDS PEGASYS RIBAVIRIN INTERNATIONAL CO-INFECTION TRIAL (APRICOT) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C21) Lissen E.1, Clumeck N.2, Sola R.3, Mendes-Correa M.4, Montaner J.5, Nelson M.6, Sette Jr. H.7, Buggisch P.8, Main J.9, DePamphilis J.10, Dieterich D.T.11 Consistent with the overall population, HR was greatest in patients with bridging fibrosis/cirrhosis who received PEGASYS® plus COPEGUS®. Thus, even in patients with advanced liver disease, fibrosis and HAI inflammation scores can be improved with PEGASYS® plus COPEGUS®. |
| TuPe1.1C22 | HEPATOTOXICITY OF LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) BASED REGIMENS IN PATIENTS ATTENDING A HIV/HEPATITIS C/B CO-INFECTION CLINIC IN MIAMI IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C22) Moreno J., Zambrano J., Jayaweera D. In this cohort of patients infected with HCV, HBV or both, no hepatotoxicity was seen, irrespective of the HAART regimen used. There was no difference in hepatotoxicity. |
| TuPe1.1C23 | EFFICACY OF PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A (40KD) (PEGASYS®) PLUS RIBAVIRIN (COPEGUS®) IN PATIENTS WITH HCV GENOTYPE 4 INFECTION IN THE AIDS PEGASYS® RIBAVIRIN INTERNATIONAL CO-INFECTION TRIAL (APRICOT) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C23) Soriano V.1, Mendes-Correa M.C.2, Gonçales Jr. F.L.3, Torriani F.J.4, Dieterich D.T.5, Cahn P.6, Findor J.A.7, Cassetti I.8, Sette Jr. H.9 Although the number of patients in APRICOT with genotype 4 was small, a 38% SVR rate in genotype 4 patients reflects the overall virological response rates in APRICOT (40%) for patients treated with PEGASYS®/COPEGUS®. This 38% SVR rate in genotype 4 patients treated with PEGASYS®/COPEGUS® is higher than that achieved in patients treated with genotype 1 infection. |
| TuPe1.1C24 | RISK FACTORS FOR DECOMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS AND ASSOCIATED MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN I.CO.N.A. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C24) Cicconi P.1, Puoti M.2, Cozzi Lepri A.3, Cosco L.4, Morsica G.5, Santantonio T.6, Ancarani F.7, Cargnel A.8, d'Arminio Monforte A.1 DC incidence in I.Co.N.A. is constant over calendar year and is affected by IDU and age. HAART doesn't influence DC incidence. DC-patients spend more time in hospital but the length of each stay is comparable to non-cirrhotics. DC-patients have an 8.5-fold increase in the risk of death and their survival is very poor. |
| TuPe1.1C25 | EFFECT OF RITONAVIR-BOOSTED ATAZANAVIR (ATV/R) IN EXPERIENCED HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS REGARDING CHRONIC HEPATITIS B/C STATUS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C25) Perez-Elias M.J.1, Gatell J.M.2, Flores J.3, Santos J.4, Vera F.J.5, Clotet B.6, Moreno A.1, Vendrell B.7, Perez-Molina J.A.7, Alvarez C.7, Ledesma E.8, Serrano O.7 In this relatively large cohort, ATV/r-containing HAART in co-infected patients was not associated with worsening liver function tests (including transaminases and bilirubin) vs non-co-infected patients. Virologic failure was uncommon in both groups. Therefore, ATV/r was a generally safe and well tolerated treatment option in patients with HBV and/or HCV co-infection. |
| TuPe1.1C26 | DIFFERENTIAL INFLUENCE OF THE DIFFERENT HEPATITIS VIRUSES ON QUALITY OF LIFE (QOL) IN HIV INFECTED INDIVIDUALS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C26) Tillmann H.L.1, Kaiser T.1, Heiken H.2, Schmidt R.E.2, Stoll M.2, Manns M.P.2 While HBV seems to play no role concerning QOL in HIV-infected patients, the falvi-viruses HCV and GBV-C differentially influence QoL. Thus maintenance of GBV-C viremia in HIV-infected patients may be beneficial for improved QoOL. |
| TuPe1.1C27 | INFLUENCE OF HTLV-2 INFECTION ON HEPATITIS C VIRUS REPLICATION IN HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C27) Toro C., Bassani S., Ríos P., Jiménez V., Camino N., Soriano V. Although HTLV-2 infection is frequently found in coinfection with HIV and HCV, our data suggest that it will not influence the rate of natural clearance of HCV in this population. HIV rather than HTLV-2 is the main cause for the lower HCV spontaneous clearance and higher HCV-RNA level noticed in patients with triple HCV, HTLV-2 and HIV infection. |
| TuPe1.1C28 | HCV CO-INFECTION AMONG HIV-1 INFECTED PERSONS IN AN ARGENTINEAN PROVINCE: DISTRIBUTION OF HCV-GENOTYPE IN DIFFERENT RISK GROUPS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C28) Fay F.1, Campodonico M.1, Benetti S.1, Lejona S.1, Bortolozzi R.2, Gambino P.3, Amin M.4, Fay O.5 Observed global HCV co-infection prevalence among HIV-1 infected people in Santa Fe was 48% (95% CI: [41.7;54.3]). HCV replication was observed in 87.5% (95% CI: [81.6;93.4]) of co-infected patients without significant difference among risk groups (p>0.05). Genotype 1 was prevalent (72% [63.4;80.6]) despite risk group (p>0.05). Anti-HCV(-) with HCV-RNA(+) observed in 15% of co-infected patients emphasizes the importance of using PCR as HCV screening tool in HIV-1 infected patients. |
| TuPe1.1C29 | THE RELATIVE ROLE OF HCV-COINFECTION, ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRALS AND PLASMA DRUG LEVELS ON THE INCIDENCE OF ALT ELEVATION DURING HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C29) Ammassari A.1, Cozzi-lepri A.2, Trotta M.P.3, Bonora S.4, Marconi P.3, Repetto D.5, Nasta P.6, Di Perri G.4, d'Arminio Monforte A.5, Antinori A.3 HCV co-infection and longer duration of ART, rather than use of specific drugs, seem to be associated with an increased risk of ALT elevation. These associations could not be explained by differences in adherence behaviour or antiretroviral levels. |
| TuPe1.1C30 | ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND THE DETECTABILITY OF HCV RNA IN A POPULATION-BASED COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED ADULTS INITIATING HIV TREATMENT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C30) Braitstein P.1, Krajden M.2, Sherlock C.3, Yip B.4, Galli R.4, Harrigan P.R.3, Schechter M.T.3, Montaner J.S.G.4, Hogg R.S.4 There is a very high prevalence of HCV-positive Ab (51%) in this population-based cohort of HIV-infected individuals, and a high prevalence of Ab+/RNA- discordance (25%). Our study suggests some individuals with undetectable HCV RNA at baseline may develop detectable HCV RNA post-ART initiation. |
| TuPe1.1C31 | OCCULT HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION IN A COHORT OF HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C31) Marino N.1, Lo Caputo S.1, Pierotti P.1, Blé C.1, Riccardi M.P.2, Trezzi M.2, Toti M.2, De Gennaro M.3, Scasso A.3, Vivarelli A.4, Dionisio D.4, Mazzotta F.1 Occult HBV infection is frequent in HIV-infected patients; HBV-DNA was positive in 14,3% of anti-HBc + patients, but longitudinal evaluation of HBV-DNA is necessary for correct diagnosis of occult HBV infection. |
| TuPe1.1C32 | REDUCTION IN LIVER-RELATED HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS AND DEATHS IN HIV+ PATIENTS SINCE YEAR 2001 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C32) Sanchez-Somolinos M.1, Martin-Carbonero L.1, Valencia M.E.1, Samaniego J.1, Romero M.1, Nuñez M.J.2, González-Lahoz J.1, Soriano V.1 Overall, liver-related complications currently are the 2nd cause of hospital admission for HIV+ patients, following bacterial respiratory infections and preceding tuberculosis. Chronic hepatitis C is by far involved in most cases of CVLD in our series. Liver-related deaths increased from 9% (5/54) in 1996 to 53% (9/17) in 2001, but steadily declined since then, being of 23% (4/17) in 2004. The rate of liver-related hospital admissions and deaths among HIV+ patients peaked in year 2001, and have steadily declined since then. |
| TuPe1.1C33 | HIV/HCV AND HIV/HBV CO-INFECTIONS PREVALENCE IN A COHORT OF ROMANIAN ADULT PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C33) Benea E., Popescu G.-A., Popescu C., Badea G., Ivan M., Gavriliu L.C. The prevalence of HIV/HCV co-infection is very low compared with European Western countries, associated with the low level of intravenous drug HIV-acquired infection in Romania. The situation of HIV/HBV is opposite: high level, similar with other Southern European countries. The raised level of HIV/HBV co-infection in patients born between 1981-1990 could be correlated with some gaps in infection-control practices in the last years of communist period in Romania (1985-1990). |
| TuPe1.1C34 | SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) INFECTIONS AMONG HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS ATTENDING THE ANTIRETROVIRAL CLINIC AT THE JOS UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL (JUTH), JOS. NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C34) Agbaji O.1, Badung B.1, Idoko J.1, Kanki P.2 The prevalence of HBV and HCV were high among our HIV-infected patients. This has implications in a resource constrained setting like ours, where the available antiretroviral drugs with efficacy against HBV and HCV may either not be available or where available may not be affordable. Since HBV and HCV are important causes of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected persons, screening for these chronic viral hepatitis infections should be made mandatory. Vaccination against HBV in those who are non-immune is also essential to prevent infection and subsequent complications. |
| TuPe1.1C35 | DIFFERENCES IN NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING BETWEEN HIV+ AND HIV+/HCV+ INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C35) Muñoz-Moreno J.A.1, Fumaz C.R.1, Prats A.1, Ferrer M.J.1, Negredo E.1, Moltó J.1, López-Blázquez R.2, Gómez G.2, Garolera M.3, Clotet B.1 Differences in NF are found between HIV-monoinfected and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. Coinfected subjects show significant impairment in motor performance, verbal fluency and executive functions. |
| TuPe1.1C36 | PREVALENCE OF SEROLOGIC MARKERS OF HEPATITIS B AND C VIRUSES AMONG HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IN IPEC/FIOCRUZ – RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C36) Silva A.C.M., Moreira R.I., Soares J.C., Grinsztejn B., d'Almeida R.G., Scarpellini B., Georg I., Pilotto J.H. Our data shows a large proportion of patients susceptible to hepatitis B infection. In Brazil, vaccination programs are more focused on childhood and access of adults to hepatitis B is still limited. Due to the impact of HBV/HCV in HIV-infection morbidity and mortality, all HIV infected individuals must be tested for HBV/HCV for appropriate management and treatment. |
| TuPe1.1C37 | EPIDEMIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF HIV, HEPATIIS B VIRUS (HBV) AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) CO-INFECTION IN A SAMPLE OF THE VENEZUELAN POPULATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C37) Mantilla P.1, Delgado D.1, Roldan Y.2, Monzón A.1, Hernandez G.1, Quintero V.1, Paez X.2 Prevalency of HIV-HBV is higher than reported by literature, but HCV is lower because the use of endovenous drugs is not frequent in Venezuela. Clinical Behaviour and epidemiological data of HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV co-infection are similar to the documented in other locations. Patients with Anticore+ must be evaluated for reactivation or lack of immunity of infection. Genotype 1 is frequent in HIV-HCV. 70% of the patients require vaccination to prevent HBV. |
| TuPe1.1C38 | HAART-ASSOCIATED HEPATOTOXICITY IN HIV/HCV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE OR CIRRHOSIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C38) Aranzabal L., Casado J., Quereda C., Moya J., Moreno A., Antela A., Marín A., Perez-Elías M.J., Moreno S. HAART-associated hepatotoxicity is closely correlated with HCV-related liver histological damage. In patients with advanced CLD, nearly one third could develop toxicity. |
| TuPe1.1C39 | RISK OF LIVER TOXICITY IN HCV/HIV COINFECTED PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE OR CIRRHOSIS RECEIVING NEVIRAPINE, EFAVIRENZ OR LOPINAVIR/R IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C39) Casado J., Aranzabal L., Moya J., Quereda C., Moreno A., Antela A., Marín A., Perez Elías M.J., Moreno S. The risk of hepatotoxicity is similar in HCV/HIV coinfected patients with mild-moderate fibrosis receiving NNRTIs or lopinavir/r. Plasma trough levels of NNRTIs are not correlated with liver toxicity. |
| TuPe1.1C40 | ANALYSIS OF DEATHS OF HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IN LODZ REGION IN POLAND IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C40) Jablonowska E., Malolepsza E., Kuydowicz J. 1. AIDS is still the leading cause of death in HIV+ patients in Lodz district. 2. The emerging cause of death in HIV+ patients is end stage liver disease as the sequel of HBV/HCV infection. 3. High frequency of HIV/HCV coinfections in our patients prognoses growing rate of liver disease as the cause of death. |
| TuPe1.1C41 | RECOMBINANT HEPATITIS B VACCINATION IN PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS: IMMUNE RESPONSES AND EFFECTIVENESS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C41) Sud A., Kumari N., Arora S., Singh S., Chawla Y. Antibody response to HBV vaccination is sub-optimal in HIV-infected patients. The titers are lowest in patients with CD4 counts <200/mm³. Basal naïve cell counts, though lower in patients with CD4<200/mm³, increase after vaccination. The increase in memory cells occurs later in patients with CD4 count <200/mm³ |
| TuPe1.1C42 | LIVER BIOPSY (LB) FINDINGS IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS (HIV+P) WITH CHRONIC C HEPATITIS (CHC) AND PERSISTENTLY NORMAL ALANINE TRANSAMINASE (PNALT) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.1C42) Sánchez-Conde M., Alvarez F., Berenguer J., Miralles P., Alvarez E., Cosin J., Lopez J.C., Ramirez M., Gutierrez I., Bellon J.M. In HIV infected patients (HIV+P) with chronic Hepatitis C (CHC), persistently normal alanine transaminase (PNALT) correlates with lower fibrosis scores than elevated ALT (EALT). The association found between HCV genotype, duration of HAART and PNALT in this population group merits further study. Although we did not found advanced stages of fibrosis (F3 – F4) in patients with PNALT, approximately one quarter of these patients had a significant stage of fibrosis (F2). This finding suggests that LB may be indicated in HIV+P with CHC and PNALT. |
| TuPe1.2C HIV and STD interactions |
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| TuPe1.2C01 | A STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF STDS FROM A RURAL VILLAGE IN GUJRAT,INDIA AMONG THE REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP (15-49 YRS) SUBJECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C01) Bhalla S.1, Lalchandani K.2, Singh s.3, Somasundaram c.2, Bhalla V.1 Information about transmission of HIV/STDs needs to be targeted. Provision of syndromic management of STD and strengthing of HIV counseling. More and more IEC activities to be taken in rural areas, with the help of audio visual displays and drama or role pay. Health education about maintenance of personal hygienean encourage National and International reproductive health, family planning and AIDS programmes as well as donor agencies to include condom provision and distributin in their programming and funding priorities. |
| TuPe1.2C02 | RISK BEHAVIOUR AMONG BLOOD DONORS WHO GIVE BLOOD IN ORDER TO BE TESTED FOR HIV IN SHIRAZ BLOOD TRANSFUSION IN 2003 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C02) Kasraian L., Torabjahromi, Farahangiz In this survey 14.8[%] of people donate blood for HIV check up and this can be dangerous for blood safety. The most risk factor that reported was sexual contact For safe blood supply we have to educate people in order to not donate blood for health check up and discussing population about residual risk of HIV transmission through blood and importance of blood donor for blood safety. |
| TuPe1.2C03 | THE OCCURRENCE OF SYPHILIS DOES NOT APPEAR TO INTERFERE WITH THE IMMUNOLOGICAL AND VIROLOGICAL COURSE OF AN UNDERLYING HIV INFECTION: A PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL SURVEY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C03) Manfredi R., Sabbatani S., Pocaterra D., Calza L., Chiodo F. Although bidirectional interactions between syphilis and HIV were not investigated in-depth on both immunological and virological basis, animal models and ex-vivo studies show that the HIV-associated quantitative-functional impairment of cell-mediate immunity may modify the course of syphilis. Concurrently,altered migration and clearance of immune system cells,an abnormal cytokine network,and a tendency towards apopotosis of lymphoid cells,were demonstrated during the different stages of syphilis. However,it's difficult to hypothesize that a non-opportunistic disease like syphilis may significantly influence HIV disease course, especially during HAART. While we share concerns about the increasing STD among HIV-infected patients, differently from recent literature reports (AIDS. 2004 Oct 21;18(15):2075-9.), in our experience syphilis does not seem to alter the laboratory course of HIV infection. |
| TuPe1.2C04 | USE OF THE STARHS ASSAY TO IDENTIFY RECENTLY ACQUIRED HIV INFECTIONS IN MEN WITH EARLY SYPHILIS IN LOS ANGELES COUNTY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C04) Taylor M.1, Hawkins K., Gonzalez A.3, Buchacz K.4, Aynalem G., Smith L., Klausner J.5, Holmberg S.4, Kerndt P. Syphilis epidemics in MSM may be contributing to HIV incidence rates in this population. STARHS can be applied as a surveillance tool to assess relationships, but further studies are necessary to determine its value. |
| TuPe1.2C05 | SYPHILIS TREATMENT AND HIV INFECTION IN A POPULATION-BASED STUDY OF PERSONS AT HIGH-RISK FOR STD/HIV INFECTION IN LIMA, PERU IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C05) Long C.1, Klausner J.1, Leon S.2, Jones F.3, Cuadros J.2, Giron M.2, Pajuelo J.2, Caceres C.2, Coates T.4, NIMH Collaborative HIV/STD Prevention Trial Group 5 Syphilis is common in this population and associated with HIV infection. While cure rates were high, re-infection was common. Those with initial RPR titers of < 1:8 required additional treatment more frequently and still may have been less likely cured after one year. HIV status did not affect syphilis cure rates. Improved syphilis treatment can aid in HIV prevention. |
| TuPe1.2C06 | EVALUATION OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN HIV AND NON-HIV PATIENTS WITH ASYMPTOMATIC LATE SYPHILIS OF LOW VDRL TITER IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C06) Park W.B.1, Lee C.S.1, Park K.W.1, Bang J.W.1, Kim H.B.1, Kang M.-W.2, Oh M.-d.1, Choe K.W.1 In the patients with asymptomatic late syphilis, a low VDRL titer cannot rule out neurosyphilis, especially in HIV patients. |
| TuPe1.2C07 | PREVALENCE OF HIV SUBTYPES, HTLV, HBV AND HCV AMONG IMMIGRANT SEX WORKERS IN MADRID, SPAIN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C07) Gutierrez M., Alvarez A., Tajada P., Baquero M., Soriano V., Amor A., Holguin A. A relatively high prevalence of HIV-1 infection was found among immigrant sex workers in Madrid, particularly among those coming from Liberia and Ecuador. Epidemiological implications of the presence and spread of HIV-1 non-B subtypes and recombinant viruses in this collective needs to be further assessed. |
| TuPe1.2C08 | CHANGES IN NATURAL COURSE OF SYPHILIS IN HIV INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C08) Ceccarelli G., d'Ettorre G., Carnevalini M., D'Agostino C., Dell'Isola S., Lichtner M., Massetti A.P., Mastroianni C.M., Vullo V. Our data suggest that during the course of HIV infection, the natural course of syphilis is modified. We observed simultaneous primary, secondary and neuro-syphilis. |
| TuPe1.2C09 | CEREBROSPINAL FLUID HIV RNA LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH NEUROSYPHILIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C09) de Almeida S.1, Durelle J.1, Lazzaretto D.1, Beck J.1, Smith D.2, McCutchan A.1, Letendre S.1, Grant I.1, Ellis R.1 Neurosyphilis may amplify intrathecal HIV replication, possibly through immune activation. It is known that elevated CSF RNA levels correlate with cognitive impairment, neurosyphilis may cause increased CNS manifestations of HIV. |
| TuPe1.2C10 | SERO-PREVALENCE OF HIV AMONG SEX WORKERS IN JOS, NIGERIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C10) Egah D. This study records a high prevalence of HIV. In a low socioeconomic, literacy and developing health system in a country like ours, limited health services are hardly accessible. Also, sex work is not legalized in our country therefore the sex workers suffer from sever stigmatization. This makes it very difficult for them competing for the scarce health services available for the general population. In the light of the above and the fact that the HIV vaccine is not yet available, a special HIV intervention programmes to target this high-risk group and reservoir of HIV infection is critical in the control/prevention of HIV in the larger population. |
| TuPe1.2C11 | CIN INCIDENCE AFTER LEEP CONIZATION BETWEEN HIV-INFECTED AND HIV-NON-INFECTED WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C11) Lima M.I.M.1, Melo V.2, Tafuri C.P.1, Araújo A.C.L.1 CIN recurrence rate is higher in seropositive women. Factors associated to recurrence were HIV-infection, glandular involvement and positive margins in cone biopsies. T CD4+ cells count below 200 cells/mm was a risk factor to CIN recurrence in HIV-infected women. |
| TuPe1.2C12 | INCREASED ACTIVITY OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF PATIENTS WITH HIV/SYPHILIS COINFECTION. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C12) D'Agostino C., Di Campli N.F., Miccoli G.A., Dell'Isola S., d'Ettorre G., Mastroianni C.M., Vullo V. These findings could suggest that syphilis infection during HIV infection could contribute to brain barrier injury. |
| TuPe1.2C13 | DRUG USE FUELS HIV AND STDS IN A SEMI-RURAL COMMUNITY IN INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C13) Menezes L.1, Raja T.2, Tash K.3, Naik E.1, Nadler J.1, Sinnott J.1 Surprisingly, drug use was strongly associated with STDs and HIV in this semi-rural community. Additionally, individuals with STDs were more likely to have advanced HIV. Drug use in these marginalized communities poses a risk for the acquisition and transmission of HIV and other STDs. Whether these factors are synergistic or additive is unclear. However, drug use is contributing to the HIV epidemic in India. |
| TuPe1.2C14 | THE IMPACT OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ON THE INCIDENCE OF STIS AMONG HIV POSITIVE WOMEN. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C14) Rusch M.1, Shannon K.2, Ishida T.2, Lai C.2, Tyndall M.1 The risk of STD infection is strongly related to alcohol consumption among HIV positive individuals. This does not appear to be the case for HIV negative individuals in whom non-injection drug use such as crack cocaine and crystal methamphetamine are the primary risk factor. |
| TuPe1.2C15 | GYNECOLOGICAL SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS IN A HIV INFECTED WOMEN COHORT FOLLOWED AT IPEC/FIOCRUZ, RIO DE JANEIRO - BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C15) Andrade A., Pires E.S., Friedman R., Derrico M., Lourenço M., Faria D.L., Araujo D.C., Cunha C.M., Moreira R., Grinsztejn B. Gynecological self-reported symptoms were highly prevalent among these women in spite of the continuous gynecologic care provided to them. |
| TuPe1.2C16 | SURVEY OF NEUROSYPHILIS (NSI) PREVALENCE, DIAGNOSED BY CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF), IN HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS WITH MOSTLY SECONDARY INFECTIOUS SYPHILIS (SI) AND RECOMMENDED CSF-REPUNCTURE AFTER TREATMENT FOR THERAPY CONTROL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.2C16) Koppermann M., Grabbe S., Esser S. 15 % of the HIV-positive patients with infectious SI had signs of early NSI. No treatment failure was observed in repuncture. This survey shows increased risk of NSI in HIV-Infected patients but obviously no treatment failure after sufficient therapy. |
| TuPe1.3C HPV |
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| TuPe1.3C01 | DETECTION AND CORRELATION WITH PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES EXPRESSION IN THE UTERINE CERVIX FROM HIV/HPV INFECTED WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.3C01) Nicol A.1, Nuovo J.2, Y W.2, Gage J.3, Grinsztejn B.4, Tristão A.5, Russomano F.5, Perez M.4, Fernandes A.T.1, Martínez-Maza O.3, Bonecini-Almeida M.G.1 This suggests that viral-related suppression of SOCS/SSI-1-3 expression may be a factor in the marked local enhancement of TNF-α and IL-6 production which, in turn, may help facilitate viral spread. |
| TuPe1.3C02 | DETECTION OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS OF HIV-1-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.3C02) Santos G.1, Mota G.1, Diaz R.1, Castelo A.1, Souza I.2 There was a correlation between high HPV genital VL and low CD4 T counts with the presence of HPV infection in the blood stream. The role of HPV viremia is controversial and warrants further investigation to determine its relationship with genital infection and whether there is a correlation with development of malignancies in HIV-infected individuals. |
| TuPe1.3C03 | CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA (CIN) TREATMENT IN HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.3C03) Shah S.1, Montgomery H.2, Smith C.1, Evans H.2, Sabin C.1, Johnson M.2 Our results indicate that the descrepancy between cytology and histology is high in HIV-positive women, highlighting the need for HPV testing in this group. Additionally, there is often incomplete excision of resection margins, consequently persistence of abnormalities require further treatment. Further work showing a beneficial effect of HAART on reducing HPV DNA load and causing regression of CIN could prevent these women undergoing repeated treatments. |
| TuPe1.3C04 | HPV PREVALENCE IN HIV-INFECTED WOMEN IN A MULTICENTER STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.3C04) Melo V.1, Araújo A.C.L.2, Corrêa C.M.1, Campos R.3, França A.F.4, Oliveira H.C.5, Faria I.M.1, Castillo D.M.6, Nogueira C.P.6, Faria L.M.1, Faria F.M.1, Zimmermmann J.B.7 HPV prevalence in HIV-infected women is high. Multiple associations are very frequent with predominance of high risk types. |
| TuPe1.3C05 | HIGH FREQUENCY OF SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS AMONG HIV+ MSM EVALUATED AT THE ANAL DYSPLASIA CLINIC (ADC) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.3C05) Guillemi S.A.1, Hogg R.1, Ruth J.1, Taylor R.2, Montaner J.S.1 We observed a high incidence of abnormal biopsy results (86%) in HIV+ MSM . There was a weak correlation between PAP and anal biopsy results. Baseline characteristics failed to predict the results of anal biopsies. These findings were not affected by HAART use. |
| TuPe1.3C06 | ONCOGENIC HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS HPV-18 E2 PROTEIN SHARES A TETRAPEPTIDE LQGL WITH C-ERBB2, AND HPV-33 E2 PROTEIN IS HOMOLOGOUS TO HEREGULIN (HRG)-α IN 3 DIMENSIONS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.3C06) Tran M.K.G.1, Caprani A.2, Richert A.3, Maurisson G.4 Oncogenic HPV-33 E2 early protein is homologous to the oncogene HRG-a which binds to c-ErbB3 and c-ErbB4. HPV-18 seems to mimick the c-ErbB2 extra-cellular region LQGL. Monoclonal antibodies against EGFR and c-ErbB2 may have indirect efficiency against HPV infection. HPV vaccine should include these E2 epitopes. |
| TuPe1.3C07 | INCIDENCE OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA IN HIV POSITIVE WOMEN AT HAART ERA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.3C07) Kreitchmann R., Mello K., Preussler G., Correa M.D.G. HAART significantly reduces the incidence of cervical intraepithelial lesions. Nevertheless, HIV infected women do have a high rate of CIN in cervical pap smears and need to participate in cervical cancer screening programs as part of their standard of care. |
| TuPe1.4C Other co-infections |
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| TuPe1.4C01 | EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS-ASSOCIATED SMOOTH-MUSCLE TUMOR IN ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C01) Suankratay C.1, Shuangshoti S.2, Mutirangura A.3, Wilde H.4 SMTs in AIDS patients typically arise in multiple and very unusual sites which are not observed in immunocompetent individuals. Our series also suggests association between EBV and the SMT. |
| TuPe1.4C02 | DAILY VALACYCLOVIR IS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE IN REDUCING RECURRENT HSV-1, HSV-2 AND VZV IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C02) Greiger-Zanlungo P.1, Blick G.2, Dupree D.3, Gupta S.3, Garton T.2 Valacyclovir is equally safe and effective in reducing recurrent HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV in both arms. Recurrences were mostly attributable to non campliance, while adverse events were mild, self-limiting and not responsabile for discontinuation of therapy. |
| TuPe1.4C03 | EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE COMPLEX BI-DIRECTIONAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 (HIV-1) AND THE PROTOZOAN PARASITE LEISHMANIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C03) Zhao C., Cantin R., Tremblay M.J. These findings help to unravel the molecular cellular mechanisms through which the two microorganisms interact, provide novel insight into the complex relationships between both human pathogens, and, most importantly, offer information that may be useful for the design of effective therapeutic strategies to control disease progression in persons dually infected with HIV-1 and Leishmania. |
| TuPe1.4C04 | MUCOCUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF HIV INFECTION IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C04) Verma K., Tejasvi T., Mahesh R. Majority of our patients had manifestations of infectious etiology while some of the manifestations were coincidental associations unrelated to the stage of HIV infection. |
| TuPe1.4C05 | HHV-8-RELATED LIMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS DURING HIV INFECTION: A MONOINSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C05) Simonelli C., Tedeschi R., Gloghini A., Bortolin M.T., Spina M., Talamini R., Cinelli R., Vaccher E., De Paoli P., Carbone A., Tirelli U. MCD pts showed a significantly shorter OS and a significantly lower value of HHV-8 viraemia in comparison with Solid-HHV-8 L pts. Solid-HHV-8 L pts had a significantly shorter median OS and a lower HHV-8 viraemia in comparison with PEL pts. When OS was stratified according to HHV-8 viraemia, pts with value >40000 cp/ml had a significantly shorter OS. The multivariate analysis identified only histology as a significant adverse prognostic factor. Supported by ISS grants. |
| TuPe1.4C07 | GB VIRUS C INFECTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED IN VITRO SURVIVAL OF PBMC FROM HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C07) Wedemeyer H.1, Aslan N.1, Kaiser T.2, Heiken H.1, Stoll M.1, Schmidt R.E.1, Manns M.P.1, Tillmann H.L.2 We demonstrate better in vitro PBMC survival of GBV-C viraemic HIV-infected patients] . Survival benefit in HIV/GBV-C co-infected patients may be related to a combination of these factors. |
| TuPe1.4C08 | HIV-1 TAT PROTEIN INDUCES EXACERBATION OF LEISHMANIA GROWTH IN HIV-1/LEISHMANIA CO-INFECTED MACROPHAGES. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C08) Barreto-de-Souza V.1, Pacheco G.J.2, Medeiros T.X.1, Silva A.R.1, Castro-Faria-Neto H.C.1, Bozza P.T.1, Saraiva E.M.2, Bou-Habib D.C.1 We show for the first time that HIV-1 Tat protein exacerbates Leishmania replication in macrophages, through PGE2 and TGF-β production and, possibly, by iNOS inhibition. This is a novel evidence that a HIV-1 component influences Leishmania growth in human macrophages. |
| TuPe1.4C09 | HIV-1 INFECTION AND THE HIV-1 TAT PROTEIN INCREASE BLASTOCRITHIDIA CULICIS SURVIVAL IN MACROPHAGES. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C09) Barreto-de-Souza V.1, Mogami S.2, Fampa P.2, Motta M.C.2, Bou-Habib D.C.1, Saraiva E.M.2 We found that HIV-1 Tat protein and TGF-β up-regulate the growth of B.culicis in macrophages. Our results show for the first time that HIV-1 infection changes an otherwise non-pathogenic B.culicis to an opportunistic pathogen and this mechanism could be mediated by HIV-1 Tat protein through TGF-β production. |
| TuPe1.4C10 | MEASLES SEROPREVALENCE AND IMMUNE RESPONSE TO MEASLES VACCINE IN HIV-INFECTED ADULTS IN MEXICO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C10) Belaunzaran P, 1, Mosqueda Gómez J.L.1, Cuellar Rodríguez J.1, García León M.L.2, Soto L.1, Villasís-Keever A.1, Wong-Chew R.M.2, Sierra Madero J.G.1 HIV infected individuals and healthy adults living in Mexico have a high prevalence of non-immunity to measles. Recent outbreaks of measles in Mexico pose potential risks for these patients. Vaccination with MMR in HIV infected patients with > 200 CD4+/mL is safe and effective. |
| TuPe1.4C11 | SEROPREVALENCE OF CO-INFECTIONS BY HEPATITIS B, HEPATITIS C, HTLVI/II AND SYPHILIS IN A COHORT OF HIV-1 INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C11) Calvet G.A.1, Menezes J.A.1, Joao E.C.1, Salgado L.A.T.1, Medeiros A.F.1, Gross J.1, Martins E.B.1, D'Ippolito M.M.2, Silva S.M.S.2, Cunha C.B.1, Braga R.C.C.3, Matos H.J.3 Syphilis rates are high among HIV-1 infected pregnant women when compared to seroprevalence in non-HIV pregnant women in Brazil (1,2% to 5,2%). Since congenital syphilis is preventable, it's important to diagnose and treat maternal infection early. The seroprevalence of HBV markers were 20%, higher than in blood donors from the hospital (10%), but lower than in our cohort of adult HIV+ patients (41%). The prevalence of anti-HCV and anti-HTLV-I/II were lower but expressive. |
| TuPe1.4C12 | HIV INHIBITION BY OTHER MICROBES IN COINFECTED HUMAN LYMPHOID TISSUE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C12) Margolis L. Our current findings of HIV-1 suppression by three new microbes support our hypothesis that the cytokine/chemokine network is a universal language by which microbes "talk" to each other in the human host. Learning this language, by deciphering the molecular mechanisms by which pathogens alter local cytokine/chemokine networks and tissue microenvironment so that it becomes detrimental to HIV, may significantly contribute to the development of efficient anti-HIV therapies. |
| TuPe1.4C13 | THE EFFECT OF HIV ON MALARIA TREAMENT OUTCOME AMONG ADULTS AND CHILDREN WITH UNCOMPLICATED FALCIPARUM MALARIA IN UGANDA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C13) Kamya M.1, Gasasira A.1, Adoke Y.2, Bakyaita N.2, Nsobya S.1, Francis D.3, Rosenthal P.3, Dorsey G.3, Havlir D.3 HIV seroprevalence is very high in adult patients presenting with malaria, supporting HIV counseling and testing in this setting. In adults, HIV increases the risk of treatment failure which is due to re-infection, not recrudescence. |
| TuPe1.4C14 | PREVALENCE OF HTLV-I INFECTION IN A LARGE COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED HIV INFECTION IN LIMA, PERU IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C14) Collins J.A.1, Hernández A.V.2, Biminchumo C.1, Hercilla L.1, Gutiérrez L.1, Salazar R.1, Others M.D.1 We found a moderate prevalence of HTLV-I infection in Peruvian patients with sexually transmitted HIV infection. The prevalence of HTLV-I/HIV co- infection was significantly higher in persons older than 35 years, in male individuals, and in homosexuals. |
| TuPe1.4C15 | PARTICULAR FEATURES OF PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUCOENCEPHALOPATHY IN HIV-1 INFECTED CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C15) Duiculescu D.1, Radoi R.1, Ene L.1, Ungureanu E.1, Oprea C.1, Tardei G.1, Ciprut T.2 1. PML prevalence in our study was greater than reported in literature. 2. We found a particular involvement of cerebellum and brainstem in most patients. 3. In the absence of histological examination the PCR techniques and in situ hybridization are useful in order to establish the PML diagnostic. 4. The survival was poor, but HAART seems to be effective in few cases. |
| TuPe1.4C16 | STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS AND NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE AMONG HIV POSITIVE INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS IN DELHI AND ASSOCIATED HIGH-RISK BEHAVIORS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C16) Saini S., Dwivwdi K.K., Mahajan S., Baveja U.K., Lal S. The results show that Sexually active IVDUs are at high-risk for acquisition or transmission of STIs because of risky sexual behaviors following drug abuse. So it is logical to include management of STIs in programs targeting drug abuse. Stress should be laid on safer sex (use of condom). |
| TuPe1.4C17 | CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIA AND HIV CO-INFECTION: CLINICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C17) Niamba P.A.1, Traoré A.1, Goumbri-Lompo O.1, Traoré B.F.1, Bonkoungou M.1, Ilboudo L.1, Gaulier A.2, Boileau C.3 Clinical polymorphism of CL has been observed in HIV-patients, thereby increasing the risk of differential diagnosis. |
| TuPe1.4C18 | BORNA DISEASE VIRUS (BDV) AND HIV-1 INFECTION: MOLECULAR HOMOLOGY BETWEEN BDV ENVELOPE AND SEROTONIN 2C RECEPTOR AT THE SEQUENCE VWQC WITH A MUTATION C23S. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C18) Tran M.K.G.1, Caprani A.2, Richert A.3, Maurisson G.4 BDV is a highly encephalitogenic virus infecting a wide range of animals, from horse to bird. Its limbic preference may be explained by an homology between BDV envelope glycoprotein and serotonin 2C receptor at the region of a crucial Cys23Ser mutation. BDV infection is responsive to amantadine (Dietrich D.E., 2000). In cell culture, 2-Fluoro-2-deoxyCytidine is efficient. A vaccine should be developped including this important epitope VWQC. |
| TuPe1.4C20 | RESPIRATORY MANIFESTATION OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS IN IRAN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C20) Tabarsi P., Mirsaeidi S.M., Amiri M., Mansouri S.D., Masjedi M.R., Velayati A.A. TB is the most common lower respiratory tract infection among HIV patients in IRAN and for the most of them it is the first manifestation of their illness. PCP is rare in IRAN. |
| TuPe1.4C21 | MAY THERE BE A COMMON THERAPY FOR HIV-1/AIDS AND MALARIA? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C21) Savarino A.1, Sannella A.2, Rastrelli E.1, Spaccapelo R.3, Dottorini T.3, Dell'Agli M.4, Lucia M.B.1, Galli G.4, Severini C.2, Boelaert J.R.5, Bosisio E.4, Crisanti A.6, Majori G.2, Cassone A.2, Cauda R.1 Combinations of PIs and quinoline antimalarials might represent a basis for strategies simultaneously attacking HIV-1/AIDS and malaria. |
| TuPe1.4C22 | STUDY OF MALARIA AND HIV CO-INFECTION IN SOUTHERN INDIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C22) Muthu M.1, Kumaar S.2 Malaria occurred at an increased frequency among HIV seropositive individuals, compared to HIV seronegative, in Southern India. The occurrence of malaria increased as the stage of HIV disease advanced. Recurrence was high in the HIV seropositive population compared to seronegative. |
| TuPe1.4C23 | GB VIRUS C NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN NS5A EXPRESSION IN JURKAT CELLS INHIBITS HIV REPLICATION BY DECREASING CXCR4 SURFACE DENSITY AND INCREASING SDF-1 RELEASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C23) Xiang J., Chang Q., McLinden J.H., Kaufman T., Stapleton J.T. GBV-C appears to inhibit HIV replication by multiple pathways including GBV-C replication, E2 protein interactions with cell surface receptors, and by the effects of expressing NS5A protein in the Jurkat CD4+ T cell line. NS5A induced SDF-1 and downregulated CXCR4. Understanding how GBV-C inhibits HIV replication may identify novel HIV therapeutic strategies. |
| TuPe1.4C24 | PRIMER SELECTION INFLUENCES GBV-C VIREMIA DETECTION RATES AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL OUTCOMES IN HIV-POSITIVE POPULATIONS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C24) Souza I.E.1, Allen J.B.2, Zhang W.3, Chaloner K.3, Diaz R.S.4, Klinzman D.2, Stapleton J.T.2 Accurate detection of GBV-C RNA by nested RT-PCR requires testing samples with primers from multiple genome regions. Prevalence rates and clinical outcomes may vary depending upon the primer set used. This could potentially influence clinical outcomes studied in different cohorts. |
| TuPe1.4C25 | AFRICAN GB VIRUS C GENOTYPES (1 AND 5) INHIBIT CCR5 AND CXCR4 TROPIC HIV ISOLATES IN AN IN VITRO CO-INFECTION MODEL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C25) Xiang J.1, Sathar M.A.2, McLinden J.H.1, Klinzman D.1, Chang Q.1, Souza I.E.1, Stapleton J.T.1 GBV-C prevalence in South African blood donors is high (17%). Genotypes 1 and 5 GBV-C isolates were identified, and both genotypes inhibited X4 and R5 HIV strains in vitro. The HIV inhibition was not as robust as that observed for the genotype 2 control isolate; however, the extent of GBV-C replication was also not as great. Further studies are needed to see if this difference in HIV inhibition is due to genotypic differences, or if it reflects the inherent variability of GBV-C replication in vitro. |
| TuPe1.4C26 | HIGH RISK FOR TSP/HAM DEVELOPMENT AMONG HTLV-I/ HIV-1 CO-INFECTED SUBJECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C26) Penalva de Oliveira A.C.1, Casseb J.2, Posada-Vergara M.P.3, Montanheiro P.2, Bonasser F.3, Duarte A.J.d.S.2 The attack rate of TSP/HAM in HIV-1/HTLV-I coinfected subjects is probable higher than those individuals with only HTLV-I, and serological screening for anti-HTLV-I/II antibodies should be done in all HIV-1-infected patients in areas where HTLV infection is endemic. |
| TuPe1.4C27 | THE IMPACT OF HAART ON ORAL LESIONS (OL) IN HIV-1 PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe1.4C27) Casariego Z., Fonio S. Micinquevich S., Cahn P. Our results confirm the declining prevalence of most oral manifestations of HIV infection in the HAART era. We underscore the proportional increase of recurrent aphtous ulcers, which may be related with immune reconstitution. Other OL like KS, HPV, herpes and NHL seem not to be influenced by HAART. |
| TuPe2.1B Metaanalysis of adverse events in different settings |
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| TuPe2.1B01 | FREQUENCY OF ABACAVIR (ABC) HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (HSR), RECHALLENGE REACTIONS, AND HSR-ATTRIBUTABLE OUTCOMES ARE SIMILAR WITH THE USE OF ZIAGEN OR TRIZIVIR: FINAL RESULTS FROM THE TRIZIVIR EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.1B01) Bartlett J.A.1, Mole L.A.2, Fusco J.S.3, Baker R.K.4, Nordstrom B.L.5 Among the 11,586 ABC exposures included in this study, no differences were observed for any outcome measures comparing ABC to ABC/3TC/ZDV. Few rechallenge HSR events & hospitalizations were seen. No deaths were attributed to HSR. |
| TuPe2.1B02 | HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA AMONG PATIENTS IN THE HIV OUTPATIENT STUDY (HOPS) RECEIVING ATAZANAVIR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.1B02) Ward D.1, Curtin J.1, Richardson J.2, Baker R.2, Moorman A.3, Buchacz K.3, Brooks J.3 Hyperbilirubinemia occurred commonly in patients prescribed atazanavir and was significantly more frequent in patients prescribed ATV-B. Bilirubin increases were early, predominately of mild to moderate severity, remained stable, and were not associated with excess morbidity or mortality in this cohort of patients in routine outpatient care. |
| TuPe2.1B03 | PATTERN OF HEPATOTOXICITY ON DIFFERENT ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMENS IN HIV-PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT CHRONIC HEPATITIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.1B03) Konopnicki D., De Wit S., Poll B., Clumeck N. Serious hepatotoxicity occurred in 20% of NNRTI-, 14% of PI- and 6% of NRTI-based therapies. GGT was more frequently increased that ALT/AST whereas increased AP was a rare event. PI and NRTI but not NNRTI increased hepatic abnormalities in chronic hepatitis patients. Female were less at risk for hepatotoxicity on PI and in contrast with previous studies, had no increased risk with NNRTI. |
| TuPe2.1B04 | IMPACT OF PROGRESSIVE LIVER DAMAGE ON FIRST HAART DISCONTINUATION IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS: SIX YEAR FOLLOW-UP IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.1B04) Uberti-Foppa C., Gallotta G., De Bona A., Galli L., Sagnelli C., Salpietro S., Lazzarin A., Castagna A. Liver disease (low albumin) and not HCV co-infection could be predictive of a higher discontinuation of HAART, especially in patients who receive PI-based therapy. |
| TuPe2.2B Lipids and metabolic complications |
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| TuPe2.2B01 | INFLUENCE OF LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH SIMVASTATIN ON HEMOSTATIC FACTORS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B01) Korzh I., Fedotova I. Abnormal levels of VIIa, VWF, D-dimer and PAI-1 may contribute to a hypercoagulable state in HIV-infected patients with dyslipidemia receiving HAART. Treatment with simvastatin normalized the levels of haemostatic markers and improved the prothrombotic state in these patients, and that is the further advantage of this drug. |
| TuPe2.2B02 | NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGUE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS AND LIVER TOXICITY AMONG PATIENTS TREATED FOR HIV DISEASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B02) Calza L., Manfredi R., Verucchi G., Chiodo F. In our experience an appreciable prevalence (51.7%) of liver toxicity was observed in p receiving dual NA, although the great majority of cases had mild-moderate severity. In a multivariate analysis, serum enzyme rise was significantly more frequent in p treated with d4T, and a concurrent chronic HCV disease. However,such a condition did not show significant modifications during the subsequent 1-year follow-up. |
| TuPe2.2B03 | PREDOMINANT HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA CAUSED BY HAART ADMINISTRATION: ROLE OF POLYUNSATURATED OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS, COMPARED WITH THE ADMINISTRATION OF FIBRATE DERIVATIVES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B03) Manfredi R., Calza L., Chiodo F. Pharmacologic treatment of moderate-severe hypertriglyceridemia is warranted in HAART-treated patients, since limited benefit is expected from diet-exercise. Our preliminary data, comparing omega-3 fatty acids and fibrates for the first time in this setting, confirm the higher efficacy of fibrates, but also show a favorable, safe, and sustained activity of omega-3 derivatives. Since hypolipidemic drugs are borne by a non-negligible toxicity (i.e. increased skeletal muscle damage prompted by concurrent fibrate-statin administration), omega-3 fatty acids may represent an effective alternative to fibrates. |
| TuPe2.2B04 | PLASMA LIPID LEVELS, INSULIN RESISTANCE, FAT DISTRIBUTION AND HISTOPATHOLOGY, ADIPOGENIC FACTORS SREBP1, GLUT-4, AND PPARγ EXPRESSION, AND MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CONTENT IN HIV (+) ANTIRETROVIRAL-NAÏVE PATIENTS RECEIVING LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR IN COMBINATION WITH AZT/3TC FOR 48 WEEKS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B04) Perez C., Rabagliati R., Parada A., Chanqueo L., Faundez L., Villarroel L., Castro J., Rigotti A., Klaassen J., Zalungo S., Nervi F., Poggi H., Salinas A., Oddo D. Combination of AZT/3TC/L/r in naïve patients for 48 weeks does not affect glucose metabolism, fat distribution, SREBP1, GLUT-4 and PPARγ expression or mitochondrial DNA content. The increase in HDL cholesterol levels may decrease cardiovascular risk. |
| TuPe2.2B05 | TENOFOVIR LACKS MITOCHONDRIAL TOXICITY IN DUAL OR TRIPLE NRTI COMBINATIONS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B05) Venhoff N., Setzer B., Lebrecht D., Melkaoui K., Walker U.A. ABC, ZDV and ddI exert a significant cytotoxic effect that is associated with increased lactate production. TFV has no discernable cellular or mitochondrial toxicity, either when given alone or in double or triple combinations with other NRTIs. |
| TuPe2.2B06 | MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION DURING HIV INFECTION ANALYSED USING 13C-METHIONINE BREATH TEST AND JC-1 MEASUREMENT OF MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B06) Sternfeld T.1, Schmid M.1, Klose A.1, Buselmeier M.1, Stephani C.1, Demmelmair H.2, Koletzko B.2, Bogner J.1, Goebel F.-D.1 Mitochondrial membrane potential is significantly reduced in HIV infected persons. Mitochondrial function is influenced by duration of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy. This is a systematical study using 13C-methionine breath test and JC-1 measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential simultaneously in vivo to demonstrate mitochondrial dysfunction during HIV infection. |
| TuPe2.2B07 | URIDINE PREVENTS AND TREATS THE LIPOATROPHIC PHENOTYPE OF ADIPOCYTES EXPOSED TO STAVUDINE, ZALCITABINE AND ZIDOVUDINE. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B07 Walker U.A.1, Auclair M.2, Lebrecht D.1, Kornprobst M.2, Capeau J.2, Caron M.2 Uridine supplementation protects cultured adipocytes from the adverse effects of pyrimidine analogues on lipid accumulation, cell survival and mitochondrial functions. The beneficial effect of uridine suggests that the toxic effects of these NRTIs could be linked to an intracellular depletion of uridine or its metabolites. Uridine supplementation could allow competition of uridine metabolites with NRTIs at polymerase-γ and thus prevent mtDNA-depletion. Uridine is an interesting candidate in the prevention and treatment of lipoatrophy in vivo. |
| TuPe2.2B08 | POTENTIAL PREDICTORS OF BONE DEMINERALIZATION IN HIV-INFECTED SUBJECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B08) Bongiovanni M.1, Fausto A.2, Cicconi P.3, Menicagli L.2, Melzi S.3, Bini T.3, Sardanelli F.2, d'Arminio Monforte A.1 Almost half of our HIV-infected patients showed osteopenia/osteoporosis. Traditional risk factors confirmed to be predictive also in HIV-subjects; the association of high HIV-RNA levels and osteopenia/osteoporosis is suggestive of a possible role of HIV in the development of bone disease. |
| TuPe2.2B09 | EFFECT OF COMBINED ENDURANCE AND RESITANCE EXERCISE ON HAART-ASSOCIATED METABOLIC ABNORMALITIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B09) Robinson F.P., Quinn L.T. Exercise training appears to have a positive impact on the dyslipidemia and abdominal adiposity associated with HAART. Results support the testing of the exercise protocol in a randomized controlled clinical trial, which we are currently preparing. |
| TuPe2.2B10 | IMPROVEMENTS IN SERUM HDL WITH THE USE OF ATAZANAVIR BASED REGIMENS-OBSERVATIONS FROM TWO CLINIC PRACTICES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B10) Ganesan A.1, Crum N.2, Moise M.1, Furtek K.3, Wallace M.2, Wegner S.4, Williams C.5, Qin J.6, McKaig R.5, Tasker S.7 In HIV-positive patients with HDL<40 starting or switching to TAZ-based HAART leads to significant and clinically relevant increases in HDL. |
| TuPe2.2B12 | IMPROVEMENT IN LIPOATROPHY AND LIPID ABNORMALITIES FOLLOWING SWITCH FROM STAVUDINE (D4T) TO TENOFOVIR DF (TDF) IN COMBINATION WITH LAMIVUDINE (3TC) AND EFAVIRENZ (EFV) IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS: A 48 WEEK FOLLOW UP FROM STUDY 903e IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B12) Madruga J.V.R.1, Cassetti I.2, Suleiman J.M.A.H.3, Zhong L.4, Enejosa J.4, Cheng A.K.4 In virologically suppressed patients, switching d4T to TDF in a once-daily regimen containing 3TC and EFV maintains virologic suppression through week 48. Changes in spine BMD were not seen. Decreases in fasting lipids, particularly triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL-C, as well as significant improvement in limb fat, were observed 48 weeks after switch. |
| TuPe2.2B13 | LIPODYSTROPHY IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOW RATE OF TREATMENT FAILURE IN HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS SWITCHED TO BOOSTED ATAZANAVIR (ATV/R). IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B13) Zaccarelli M., Trotta M.P., Zinzi D., Liuzzi G., Sette P., Marconi P., Acinapura R., Antinori A. It was been observed that better adherence is associated to increased risk of developing lipodystrophy, but the perception of lipodystrophy can lead to decreased adherence in long lasting treatments. Our data suggest that, in patients with lipodystrophy, switching to ATV/r, with its low metabolic interference and easy dosing, may be a good chance for preserving long-term adherence and maintain treatment success. |
| TuPe2.2B14 | CHARACTERIZATION OF HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS USING LARGE SCALE METABOLOMICS OF AN ADIPOCYTE CELL MODEL IN VITRO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B14) Flint O.1, Elosua C.1, Parker R.1, Hamilton C.2, Noor M.1 The pattern of metabolite reductions induced by some PI's is indicative of glucose deprivation with a shift towards gluconeogenesis and glycolysis over oxidative metabolism. Our data provide additional evidence for a direct relationship between inhibition of glucose uptake and subsequent reductions in intermediate metabolites of lipid synthesis, a mechanism by which some PIs may directly contribute to lipoatrophy. |
| TuPe2.2B15 | THE IMPACT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON METABOLIC RISK FACTORS AMONGST HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B15) Smith C.1, Phillips A.1, Youle M.2, Lampe F.1, Johnson M.2, Sabin C.1 Modest TC and TG increases were observed with ART exposure, but surprisingly HDL increases were also observed. The effect appeared to level off after 2 years of ART. |
| TuPe2.2B16 | LIPID PROFILES FOR DRUG NAÏVE PATIENTS STARTING PI BASED AND NNRTI BASED POTENT ART IN THE SWISS HIV COHORT STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B16) Young J.1, Weber R.2, Rickenbach M.3, Furrer H.4, Bernasconi E.5, Hirschel B.6, Tarr P.7, Vernazza P.8, Battegay M.9, Bucher H.C.1 In drug naïve patients starting ART, cholesterol increases with time on either PI or NNRTI therapy. HDL-cholesterol increases with time on NNRTI therapy and triglycerides with time on PI therapy. Exposure to a ritonavir based therapy is associated with the greatest increases in cholesterol and triglycerides. |
| TuPe2.2B17 | FAS-670 GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS AND RISK OF LIPOATROPHY (LA) IN A COHORT OF HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS ENROLLED IN LIPO-I.CO.N.A IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B17) Cossarizza A.1, Riva A.2, Pinti M.1, Mologni D.2, Nasi M.1, Montroni M.3, Antinori A.4, Leoncini F.5, d'Arminio Monforte A.2, Cozzi Lepri A.6, Galli M.2 The pathogenisms of LA in patients ART is confirmed to be multifactorial. FAS-670 polymorphisms seem to be associated with different risks of developing LA. Further investigations are needed to define the mechanisms involved and the potential use of these findings in clinical practice. |
| TuPe2.2B18 | CORRELATES AND PREVALENCE OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME OVER TIME IN THE MULTICENTER AIDS COHORT STUDY (MACS) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B18) Palella F.1, Wang Z.2, Chu H.2, Riddler S.3, Visscher B.4, Dobs A.2, Kingsley L.3 MS is more common in HIV SP than SN men. Only increased WC is more likely in HIV seronegatives. Lower CD4 cell counts, tobacco use, advancing age and HAART use (especially PI's) are also associated with greater risk for MS. Alcohol use appears to be protective. |
| TuPe2.2B19 | PREVALENCE OF BONE ABNORMALITIES IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS, AQUITAINE COHORT, FRANCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B19) Dutronc H.1, Lawson-Ayayi S.2, Lavignolle-Aurillac V.2, Thiébaut R.2, Barthe N.3, Neau D.1, Lacoste D.1, Mercié P.1, Dabis F.2, Dupon M.1 Our data showed a high prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HIV-infected patients. As the pathogenesis of bone complications are unclear, longitudinal studies are need. |
| TuPe2.2B20 | MELANONYCHIA IN HIV INFECTED INDIVIDUALS TREATED WITH THYMIDINE ANALOGUE ANTIRETROVIRALS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B20) Modak I., Clifton T., Andersen B., Lewis S., Johnson P. Melanonychia is more prevalent in HIV positive individuals then in healthy controls. Melanonychia does not appear to be dependent on the type of antiretroviral therapy or skin type. |
| TuPe2.2B21 | DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASSAY TO MEASURE CHANGES IN MITOCHONDRIAL DNA LEVELS IN RAT TISSUES AS IN VIVO MODEL TO ASSESS MITOCHONDRIAL TOXICITY OF ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B21) Buitelaar M., Smolders K.G.M., Maas J., Dekker J., de Rooij E., van Schilfgaarde M., de Baar M.P. The newly developed duplex assay allows high-throughput analysis of mtDNA levels in rat cells and tissues with high accuracy and precision. The assay can be used as a successful tool in assessing mitochondrial toxicity already in the pre-clinical development of new compounds. |
| TuPe2.2B22 | EFFECTS OF HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) REGIMENS CONTAINING THE PROTEASE INHIBITOR (PI) NELFINAVIR ON APOPTOSIS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B22) Míró Ò.1, Villarroya J.2, López S.1, Garrabou G.1, Rodríguez de la Concepción M.2, Martínez E.1, Pedrol E.3, Escayola R.4, Giralt M.2, Cardellach F.1, Gatell J.M.1, Casademont J.1, Villarroya F.2 HAART regimens containing the PI nelfinavir seems to have some beneficial effects to counteract the increased apoptosis present in HIV positive untreated people (Grant: Marató TV3•020210). |
| TuPe2.2B23 | THE EFFECT OF HAART WITH EFV+DDI+3TC ON BONE MINERAL MASS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B23) Goyenechea A.1, Górgolas M.1, Rivas P.1, García Delgado R.2, Díaz Curiel M.3, Fernández Guerrero M.L.1 Two thirds of asymptomatic HIV patients suffer osteopenia. Successful HAART does not prevent bone mineral loss, in fact BMD slightly decrease after one year on therapy. Preventive measures are needed to avoid this common complication. |
| TuPe2.2B24 | EFFECTS OF EFAVIRENZ (EFV) AND LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR (LPV/R) AS FIRST-LINE THERAPIES ON LIPID PROFILE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B24) Perez Elias M.J., Moreno A., Moreno S., Lopez D., Dronda F., Casado J.L., Antela A., Quereda C., Navas E., Hermida J.M. No differences were found with respect to lipid cardiovascular risk markers. Higher TG were observed in LPV/r patients although not clinically significant. |
| TuPe2.2B25 | RE-EVALUATION AFTER FIVE YEARS OF LIPODYSTROPHY, METABOLIC ALTERATIONS AND ADIPONECTIN IN HIV PATIENTS INITIALLY UNDER PI-BASED HAART. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B25) Maachi M.1, Baakili A.1, Bastard J.-P.1, Da Silva Maréchal E.1, Poirot C.1, Girard P.M.2, Capeau J.1, Vigouroux C.1, Rozenbaum W.1 In 60 patients initially under PI-based HAART, glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity significantly improved 5 years later. However, the overall prevalence of lipoatrophy increased and the cardiovascular risk factors ApoB/A1 and hsCRP worsened, in particular in patients still being treated with PI. |
| TuPe2.2B26 | LONGITUDINAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF ATAZANAVIR (ATZ) ON THE FASTING PARAMETERS OF GLUCOSE METABOLISM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B26) Guffanti M.1, Caumo A.2, Galli L.1, Bigoloni A.1, Dagba G.1, Fusetti G.1, Danise A.1, Seminari E.1, Gianotti N.1, Hasson H.1, Luzi L.2, Lazzarin A.1, Castagna A.1 After one year treatment with ATZ, we observed a small but significant reduction in basal glycemic levels in conjunction with an increased b-cell responsivity to glucose. |
| TuPe2.2B27 | PREADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION DETERMINES THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO STAVUDINE AND ZIDOVUDINE-MEDIATED MITOCHONDRIAL DNA DEPLETION. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B27) Stankov M., Schmidt R., Behrens G. Our results suggest that conditions facilitating adipocyte proliferation and/or differentiation make these cells susceptible to mtDNA depletion. Stavudine has a distinct impact on preadipocytes and mature adipocytes explaining its pronounced effect on lipoatrophy with direct impact on adiponectin production. This work was supported by the Competence Network HIV/AIDS (C15) by BMBF, Bristol Myers Squibb, and the H.W.&J. Hector-Stiftung. |
| TuPe2.2B28 | RISK FACTORS FOR NEW ONSET DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) IN HIV PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B28) Sabin C.1, Friis-Moller N.2, Reiss P.3, Weber R.4, d'Arminio Monforte A.5, Dabis F.6, El-Sadr W.7, de Wit S.8, Mateu S.9, Kirk O.10, Pradier C.11, Morfeldt L.12, Law M.13, Lundgren J.10 Our results confirm that PI exposure is associated with the risk of DM, and may be associated with hypertriglyceridaemia. Our results should be interpreted with caution; despite rigorous monitoring, we cannot exclude the possibility of ascertainment bias. |
| TuPe2.2B29 | DYSLIPEMIA AND LIPODYSTROPHY IN HIV URUGUAYAN INFECTED CHILDREN RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B29) Gutierrez S., De León M., Gutierrez G., Cuñetti L., Giménez V., Quian J. Dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy were highly prevalent alterations in HIV treated children; duration of HAART seemed to be associated with combined dyslipidemia. As children are more vulnerable than adults to accumulative metabolic side effects, monitoring of fasting lipids and body composition is recommended in order to add diet and lifestyle suggestions. |
| TuPe2.2B30 | THE ROLE OF DIRECT NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WHO START HAART: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B30) Lazzaretti R.1, Pinto-Ribeiro J.2, Kelbert S.3, Zimerman R.3, Sprinz E.1 In this interim analysis, dietary intervention significantly influenced the increase in TC. Our small sample size and short period of observation perhaps limited our results. Our findings justify the continuation of this study to obtain more definitive data on the influence of direct nutritional support in patients undergoing HAART. |
| TuPe2.2B31 | LONG TERM USE OF LOW DOSE STAVUDINE IS EFFECTIVE AND WELL TOLERATED IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.2B31) Urbina A.1, Jibilian A.1, Nibbe Y.1, Maa J.-F.2, Wang S.2 Long term use of low dose d4T is effective in achieving virologic suppression and is well tolerated. |
| TuPe2.3C Cardiovascular and other toxicities |
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| TuPe2.3C01 | RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OXIDATIVE STRESS, ENDOTHELIAL INJURY AND COAGULATION ACTIVATION IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C01) Korzh O. The present study suggests that enhanced OS, involved pro-atherogenic cytokine and chemokines levels, endothelial injury, and coagulation activation may constitute a pathway for progression of atherosclerosis in HIV-infected patients receiving HAART. The significant, independent association between IMT and vWF:Ag should be assessed in future studies to determine whether vWF:Ag elevation is causative or a by-product of the increased IMT. |
| TuPe2.3C02 | PREDICTING PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS USING ANKLE-BRACHIAL INDEX MEASUREMENT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C02) Spichler A.1, Spichler E.2, Spichler D.2 1 Health Municipality Secretariat -Reference Center Penha, Sao ABI in HIV emphasizes new knowledge about peripheral arterial disease, even in a small population. Randomized trials using ABI will provide more information about whether HIV infection alone, antiretroviral treatment, or both, may increase risks for arterial diseases. |
| TuPe2.3C03 | STUDY OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES IN DIFFERENT EVOLUTIVE PHASES OF HIV/AIDS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C03) Morozov A.1, Feldman M.2, Antonova V.2 Changes in ECG recording can be seen in patients since the clinical latency phase.The QTc is increased during the progressive phase of the disease; generalized low voltage and increased QTc in the ECG recording maybe suggestive of myocardiopathy. |
| TuPe2.3C04 | INFLUENCE OF HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY WITH NELFINAVIR ON ENDOTHELIAL CELL-DERIVED MICROPARTICLES IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C04) Korzh O. These findings suggest that activated platelets and oxidized LDL induce EDMP generation, and that elevated EDMPs may be a sign of vascular injury in HIV-1-infected patients receiving HAART containing nelfinavir. |
| TuPe2.3C05 | COMPARED HEPATOTOXICITY OF THE TWO AVAILABLE NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS IN A COHORT OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS NAÏVE TO EITHER EFAVIRENZ OR NEVIRAPINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C05) Manfredi R., Calza L., Chiodo F. HAART may result in hepatotoxicity through multiple mechanisms:mitochondriopathy,dyslipidemia,and steatohepatitis.Nevirapine-based HAART may be more hepatotoxic than efavirenz one at least during the first 6 weeks,and a role might be played by a co-existing chronic hepatitis.Although a concurrent liver disease cannot contraindicate the use of NNRTI,a strict monitoring is recommended,especially when nevirapine is of concern. |
| TuPe2.3C06 | PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN A COHORT OF HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C06) Giola M.1, Basilico C.1, Micieli E.2, Ageno W.2, Venco A.2, Grossi P.1 Our study highlights the higher prevalence of cardiovascular (mainly arterial) events in HIV-1 positive patients. Smoking and hypertriglyceridemia are important modifiable risk factors that clinicians should aggressively address in the management of HIV-1 positive patients. |
| TuPe2.3C07 | SIGNIFICANCE OF PLASMA THROMBIN-ACTIVATABLE FIBRINOLYSIS INHIBITOR LEVELS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS RECEIVING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C07) Korzh I., Nemtsova V., Fedotova I. These data suggest that increased plasma level of TAFI may be involved in the mechanism of vascular endothelial damage in HIV-1-infected patients receiving HAART. |
| TuPe2.3C08 | INCREASED PREVALENCE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS ON HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C08) Bernal J.A., Romero S.P., Garcia-Egido A.A., Escobar M.A., Fernandez F.J., Gomez-Soto F., Puerto J.L., Rosety M., Briceño F., Gomez F.A. Our results suggest that HIV patients have an increased prevalence of arterial hypertension after four years on HAART. Studies with a large number of patients and longer follow up would be needed to assess whether arterial hypertension is associated with HAART. |
| TuPe2.3C09 | THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH HIV INFECTION: THE EFFECT OF HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C09) Sen P., Scourfield A., Smythe J., Stefanovic M., Jones R., Mandalia S., Sullivan A.K., Nelson M.R., Gazzard B.G. The results indicate a significant prevalence of thyroid disease in HIV positive patients on HAART. Thyroid antibody production in some patients suggests an association with immune restoration following HAART. Hyperthyroidism was associated with use of protease inhibitors. |
| TuPe2.3C10 | DIMINISHED PRODUCTION OF MITOCHONDRIAL RNAS IN ADIPOCYTES FROM HIV+ PATIENTS WITH LIPODYSTROPHY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C10) Pinti M.1, Guaraldi G.1, Galluzzi L.1, Troiano L.1, Giovenzana C.1, Orlando G.2, Mussini C.2, Cossarizza A.1 Lipodystrophy following treatment with NRTI-containing HAART is associated not only with a diminished mtDNA content, but also with a decreased production of mtRNAs in adipose tissue. |
| TuPe2.3C11 | PREVALENCE OF POLYNEUROPATHY (PNP) IN HIV PATIENTS ON HAART WITH DDI+3TC+EFV ON A ONCE-A-DAY REGIMEN. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C11) Villelabeitia K.1, Rivas P.2, Ibarra I.1, Fernández C.1, Goyenechea A.2, Fernández Bravo A.1, Fernández Guerrero M.2, Górgolas M.2 The development of severe polyneuropathy in patients on a once-a-day HAART with DDI+EFV+3TC is low, however 66% of patients on long-term successful therapy have electromyographic signs of axonal degeneration suggestive of distal sensory-motor polyneuropathy. |
| TuPe2.3C12 | INCREASED PREVALENCE OF SUBCLINICAL CAROTID ARTERY LESIONS IN HIV-INFECTED WOMEN COMPARED WITH HIV-NEGATIVE CONTROLS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C12) Kaplan R.C.1, Sharrett A.R.2, Lazar J.3, Mack W.4, Anastos K.5, Benning L.2, Everson-Rose S.6, Young M.7, Tien P.8, Li Y.4, Hodis H.N.4 HIV infection in women appears to be associated with subclinical atherosclerotic vascular disease. |
| TuPe2.3C14 | THE RENAL SAFETY OF LONG-TERM INDINAVIR (IDV) THERAPY IN SUBJECTS IN ACTG 372A. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C14) Gerber J.G.1, Bassett R.2, Morse G.D.3, Hammer S.M.4 In this select group of long-term IDV-users, we detected 13% pyuria suggesting renal interstitial inflammation, and slight elevation in BP as compared to age-adjusted US population. Thus, long-term IDV use in subjects who tolerate IDV may be associated with renal interstitial inflammation in a minority. No strong relationship between IDV concentrations and renal and cardiovascular findings was detected. |
| TuPe2.3C15 | IMPACT OF SWITCHING FROM STAVUDINE (D4T) TO TENOFOVIR DF (TDF) ON CARDIOVASCULAR (CV) RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH LIPOATROPHY. (LIPO-REC STUDY) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C15) Palacios R.1, Santos J.1, Domingo P.2, Perez Elias M.J.3, Arazo P.4, Miralles C.5, Llibre J.M.6, Ruiz M.I.7, Antela A.3, Echevarría S.8, Knobel H.9, Pedrol E.10, Ocaña I.7, Sánchez de la Rosa R.11, Moreno S.3 Switching from d4T to TDF was well-tolerated and the virological and inmunological response was maintained. Although the lipid profile was the only CV risk factor that improved, this fact led to a global decrement of the cardiovascular risk at 10 years. |
| TuPe2.3C16 | INCIDENCE OF GRADE 3 HEPATO-TOXICITY (HT) ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT ANTIRETROVIRALS IN A COHORT OF HIV-1-POSITIVE AND HBSAG/HCVAB-NEGATIVE PATIENTS IN I.CO.N.A. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C16) Cicconi P.1, Cozzi Lepri A.2, Puoti M.3, Pasquinucci S.4, Pizzaferri P.5, Petrelli E.6, Leoncini F.7, Alessandrini A.8, d'Arminio Monforte A.1 The rate of HT in a group of HIV-1 mono-infected patients on HAART was relative low (10 per 1,000 py). IDUs were at higher risk. An increased risk of HT seemed not to be associated with the current use of any specific 'third' drugs considered. |
| TuPe2.3C17 | CLINICAL HYPERTENSION IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS: PREVALENCE AND RELATED FACTORS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C17) Knobel H., Jerico C., Guelar A., Montero M., González A., Saballs P., Gimeno J.L., López Colomés J.L., Pedro-Botet J. The present results confirm the low prevalence of clinically proven hypertension in these HIV-infected patients, without significant differences with the HIV-negative people. The influence of combination antiretroviral therapy appears to have little impact, on the prevalence of clinically confirmed hypertension, though mediated by lipoaccumulation. |
| TuPe2.3C18 | CHANGES IN RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH TENOFOVIR DF (TDF) COMPARED TO NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS/(NRTIS) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C18) Gallant J.E., Parish M.A., Keruly J.C., Moore R.D. Use of TDF is associated with a modest decline in GFR, especially in patients with low CD4 counts. While the differences were statistically significant, they were small and of unclear clinical significance. Renal function should be monitored in patients taking TDF, and the dosing interval should be adjusted when indicated by a reduced GFR. |
| TuPe2.3C19 | KIDNEY MITOCHONDRIAL DNA LEVELS IN HIV PATIENTS WITH RENAL DYSFUNCTION ON TENOFOVIR-CONTAINING THERAPY ARE MARKEDLY REDUCED WITH CONCURRENT DIDANOSINE THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C19) Cote H.1, Magil A.2, Harrigan P.R.3, Hogg R.1, Yip B.3, Scarth B.1, Gadawski I.3, Wang N.1, Yu E.4, Zalunardo N.5, Werb R.5, Harris M.3 Renal dysfunction in patients receiving TDF may be mediated through mitochondrial nephrotoxicity, influenced by both HIV and concurrent TDF/ddI therapy. The interaction between these two drugs may be particularly relevant in the kidney where TDF is cleared. Given the small sample size and the lack of TDF-/ddI+ biopsies, this warrants further study. |
| TuPe2.3C20 | CHRONIC IN VITRO ABACAVIR EXPOSURE ELICITS AN IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE IN ABACAVIR NAÏVE HIV-POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C20) Almeida C.-A.1, Martin A.1, Nolan D.1, Cameron P.2, James I.1, Mifsud N.3, Purcell A.3, McCluskey J.3, Mallal S.1 Prior exposure to the drug is needed for the development of the hypersensitivity reaction. Chronic exposure of PBMCs from naïve patients carrying HLA-B*5701 is sufficient to mount an immune response characterised by elevated INFγ production. Our current investigations have extended to a larger patient cohort with different haplotypes since this in vitro assay may assist in the further identification of potential susceptibility factors and genetically susceptible patients. |
| TuPe2.3C21 | DECRESED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION IN HIV PATIENTS TREATED WITH TENOFOVIR. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C21) Benitez Bermejo R.I., Vicente Mas J., Abril López De Medrano V., Garcia Deltoro M., Ballester Belda E., García Rodríguez M., Segarra Puchades P., Ortega González E. In our analysis we observe a decrease in glomerular filtration rate with statistical significance. It will be necessary to analyze if this disturbance of kidney function has clinical relevance. Probably we should be more alert in patients treated with tenofovir, specially if they are taking other kidney toxic drugs. |
| TuPe2.3C22 | TENOFOVIR DF CAN BE USED SAFELY IN COMBINATION WITH DIDANOSINE-EC 250MG: EFFECTS ON LYMPHOCYTES, CD4, VIRAL LOAD, AND GFR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C22) Blick G.1, Greiger-Zanlungo P.2, Dupree D.3, Assaro J.3, Garton T.1, Arzu Z.1 TDF/ddI-EC250mg once-daily was generally safe and efficacious in this predominantly highly-experienced population with no significant nephrotoxicity using DAIDS grading; 8.3% of patients developed CKD by NKF staging using MDRD and Cockroft-Gault equations. Overall, no significant lymphopenia occurred, but CD4% and CD4# increased modestly with a 0.95 log reduction in viremia. MDRD and/or Cockroft-Gault measurements can easily be used to monitor renal function while on TDF. |
| TuPe2.3C23 | MINOR CHANGES IN CALCULATED CREATININE CLEARANCE AND ANION-GAP ARE ASSOCIATED WITH TENOFOVIR DF CONTAINING HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C23) Winston A.1, Amin J.1, Mallon P.W.1, Marriott D.2, Carr A.2, Cooper D.A.1, Emery S.1 Overt renal failure with TDF-HAART is rare. However, subtle but statistically significant changes in anion-gap and CCrCl were observed and associated with TDF-HAART. These parameters may be of use in monitoring individuals on HAART. |
| TuPe2.3C24 | PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE LEVELS IN AN ITALIAN COHORT OF HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C24) Parruti G.1, Manzoli L.2, Di Iorio G.3, Placido G.1, D'Amico G.1, Graziani V.1, Marani Toro P.1, Agostinone A.1, Riario Sforza G.3, Romano F.2, Graziani R.V.1, Marani Toro G.1 Our data suggest that increased levels of plasma homocysteine may be frequent among HIV patients on HAART. As an increase in cardiovascular risk may threaten the efficacy of HAART, a deeper knowledge on the prevalence and predictors of hyperhomocysteinaemia in this population should be pursued. |
| TuPe2.3C25 | LOW RISK OF HEPATOTOXICITY IN PATIENTS CURRENTLY STARTING HAART: THE HEPATOX STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C25) Aranzabal L.1, Casado J.1, Domingo P.2, Lacruz J.3, Gutierrez F.4, Fontanet A.2, Lopez-Aldeguer J.3, Arrizabalaga J.5, Portu J.6, Ena J.7, Górgolas M.8, Goyenechea A.8, Moreno S.1 Current use of antiretroviral regimens is associated to a lower rate of liver toxicity than previously described. HCV coinfection continues to be the main risk factor for hepatotoxicity in our population. |
| TuPe2.3C26 | PREVALENCE OF SYMPTOMATIC HYPERLACTATEMIA IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS TAKING ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS AND FOLLOWED IN PUBLIC STD/AIDS REFERENCE CENTERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SÃO PAULO. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C26) Prado K.D.D.1, Silva A.A.1, Santana C.M.1, Bonasser Filho F.1, Peres L.V.1, Oliveira L.1, Bergamaschi D.P.2 The relatively low prevalence of SHL in this cohort may reflect the knowledge of risk factors and new patterns of management of HIV patients. SHL was a spontaneously reversible event and there was no major rise of lactate levels. |
| TuPe2.3C27 | IMPACT OF HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART). ON LIVER RELATED MORTALITY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C27) Puoti M.1, Prestini K.1, Torti C.1, Patroni A.1, Donato F.2, Gelatti U.3, Cologni G.1, Costarelli S.1, Paraninfo G.1, Lapadula G.1, Tirelli V.1, Quiros Roldan E.1, Moretti F.1, Casari S.1, Carosi G.1 Maintenance of high CD4 counts by HAART may be necessary, in those with risk factors for liver disease. However prevention and treatment of HAART related LTH is crucial in the same patients. |
| TuPe2.3C28 | PROGRESSION OF CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION (CAC) IN HIV-INFECTED MEN ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.3C28) Calhoun B., Kuller L., Edmundowicz D., Kingsley L. Coronary artery calcification is prevalent in this population of long-term HAART users. EBCT used to detect sub-clinical coronary atherosclerosis appears to have excellent utility to examine both progression and incidence in this population. Longer-term studies utilizing HIV-uninfected controls will be necessary to answer the question as to the effect of both HAART and HIV, per se on progression to the later cardiovascular outcomes of myocardial ischemia and infarction. |
| TuPe2.4C Managing the side-effects |
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| TuPe2.4C01 | IS COMBINATION INDINAVIR (400 MG BID) PLUS BOOSTING DOSE OF RITONAVIR (100 MG BID) SAFE ENOUGH: BELGRADE STUDY POPULATION? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C01) Dragovic G.1, Jevtovic D.2 We demonstrate that boosting IDV with RTV increased the risk of developing nephrolithiasis by 6.6-fold. We support the need for therapeutic drug monitoring in patients using IDV with or without RTV in order to monitor the number of patients who discontinued IDV due to toxicity. |
| TuPe2.4C02 | TREATMENT WITH RESTYLANE SUBQ IN HIV-INFECTED SUBJECTS WITH FACIAL LIPOATROPHY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C02) Bergersen B.M.1, Boe H.2, Negaard A.3, Skeie L.1 All the HIV-infected subjects in this small pilot study reported increased satisfaction with their facial appearance after 1-2 treatments with Restylane SubQ. In addition to short-lasting swelling and tenderness, palpable lumps and reactivation of facial herpes zoster are possible adverse events in HIV-infected subjects receiving facial injections with Restylane SubQ. |
| TuPe2.4C03 | RECENT CHANGES OF RE-IMBURSEMENT FACILITIES OF ALL LIPID-LOWERING DRUGS IN ITALY. NO CONSIDERATION FOR HIGH-RISK DYSLIPIDEMIA RELATED TO HIV DISEASE TREATED WITH COMBINED ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C03) Manfredi R. The remarkably increased life expectancy achieved after HAART introduction, is now threatened by significant risks to develop severe-prolonged dyslipidemia, often concurrent with insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, and hypertension, all factors which strongly predispose to severe cardiovascular events. |
| TuPe2.4C04 | HOW SEVERE IS TOXICITY ASSOCIATED WITH COMBINATIONS THAT INCLUDE STAVUDINE PLUS DIDANOSINE? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C04) Moreno S., Pérez-Elías M.J., Casado J.L., Dronda F., Antela A., Moreno A. Multiexperienced patients that receive combination therapy that include d4T+ddI rarely develop severe drug-related toxicity. As in the preHAART era, CD4 count is the main factor associated with toxicity. |
| TuPe2.4C05 | EFFECT OF BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) ON RESPONSE TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IN HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS ON INITIAL HAART REGIMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C05) Tedaldi E.1, Richardson J.2, Baker R.2, Weidle P.3, Buchacz K.3, Moorman A.3, Wood K.2, Brooks J.3, Holmberg S.4 A significant proportion of HIV-infected outpatients were overweight or obese. While patients with higher BMI tended to have lower baseline HIV RNA levels, they had similar virologic and immunologic response to HAART. |
| TuPe2.4C06 | TENOFOVIR-RELATED FANCONI SYNDROME IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS: THE ROLE OF INTERACTION WITH OTHER ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C06) Rodríguez-Gómez F.1, Lomas Cabeza J.1, Merino Muñoz D.1, Fernández Lisón L.2, Martínez-Marcos F.1, Garrido Martinez M.2, Rodríguez Sánchez J.1, Pujol de la Llave E.1 Patients receiving TDF, ddI and PIs, must be monitored closely for early signs of tubulopathy. Clinicians should anticipate that TDF-ddI and LPV-rit may precipitate acute renal failure or Fanconi syndrome. |
| TuPe2.4C07 | EFFICACY OF SUBDERMAL INJECTIONS OF POLY-L-LACTIC ACID FOR HIV-ASSOCIATED FACIAL LIPOATROPHY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C07) Engelhard P. PLLA injections appear to be a safe and effective treatment, and are associated with high levels of treatment satisfaction in patients with HIV-related LA. |
| TuPe2.4C08 | REPORTED INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY OF SUSPECTED ABACAVIR HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (HSR) THROUGH AT LEAST 6 WEEKS IN A LARGE, CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL USING A ONCE-DAILY (OAD) ABACAVIR 600MG/LAMIVUDINE 300MG TABLET (ABC/3TC FDC) DUAL NUCLEOSIDE BACKBONE WITH A BOOSTED PROTEASE INHIBITOR: THE KLEAN STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C08) Becker S.1, Yeni P.2, Sutherland-Phillips D.3, Wannamaker P.3, Hernandez J.3, Brothers C.3, Yau L.3, Humphries C.3, Griffith S.3, Shaefer M.3 The incidence and onset of reported ABC HSR in the KLEAN study through a minimum of 6 weeks is consistent with previously published data on abacavir dosed once and twice daily (5.4% across 37 clinical studies; median time to onset 9 days). The severity of these cases is also within the expected range for ABC HSR in previous clinical studies (1.8-4.9% Grade 3 or 4). Any additional reports of ABC HSR (after 18Feb05) will be reported with the final analyses. |
| TuPe2.4C09 | IDENTIFICATION AND FOLLOW UP OF ADVERSE EVENTS RELATED TO NRTI USE THAT IN THE CLINICAL PRACTICE CAUSE THEIR SUBSTITUTION FOR TENOFOVIR DF (48 WK DATA FROM RECOVER COHORT). IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C09) Moreno S.1, Domingo P.2, Perez Elias M.J.1, Arazo P.3, Palacios R.4, Labarga P.5, Fernandez Guerrero M.6, Ruiz M.7, Ocaña I.7, Llibre J.M.8, Sanz J.9, Santos J.4, Camino X.10, Echevarría S.11, Ribera E.7, Pérez S.12 The most frequent NRTI associated toxicity leading to NRTI switch was lipoatrophy followed by peripheral neuropathy. In this study, the drug most frequently switched to tenofovir was stavudine. TDF has shown to be a useful and safe alternative when a single NRTI must be substituted due to adverse events. |
| TuPe2.4C10 | A RANDOMIZED STUDY COMPARING THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF LOW-DOSE VERSUS STANDARD-DOSE STAVUDINE IN ANTIRETROVIRAL-NAÏVE PATIENTS (ETOX STUDY) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C10) Ribera E.1, Paradiñeiro J.C.1, Domingo P.2, Sauleda S.3, Luque S.4, Garcia-Arumi E.5, Feijoo M.1, Fontanet A.2, Falco V.1, Crespo M.1, Ocana I.1, Sureda D.6, Planas M.4, Pahissa A.1 d4T-low doses resulted in a significantly better outcome in terms of efficacy and toxicity profile than d4T-standard doses. Evolution of fat mass and mitochondrial markers were also more favorable in d4T-low dose. |
| TuPe2.4C11 | EVALUATION OF LIPODYSTROPHY SYNDROME IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS AFTER SIMPLIFICATION FROM FIRST-LINE ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT WITH TRIZIVIR™ AND COMBIVIR™ PLUS NEVIRAPINE. SIMPLIFIHAART SUBSTUDY. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C11) Bonjoch A.1, Martinez-Lopez E.2, Galvez J.3, Miralles C.4, de la Torre J.5, Prieto A.6, Vilades C.7, Clotet B.1 Simplification therapy with 3NRTIs or 2 NRTIS plus NVP showed a trend to improve anthropometrical measures suggesting a progressive weigh recovery and a stabilization of the LD syndrome at week 48 of follow up. |
| TuPe2.4C12 | IS TENOFOVIR INVOLVED IN HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA AND DECREASE OF TUBULAR PHOSPHATE REABSORPTION IN HIV-POSITIVE ADULTS? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C12) Merle De Boever C.1, Badiou S.2, Terrier N.2, Baillat V.1, Cristol J.-P.2, Reynes J.1 Hypophosphatemia linked to decreased proximal tubular reabsorption was present in a third of patients before starting tenofovir-containing regimen. No worsening effect on phosphatemia and on tubular phosphate reabsorption was observed after 6 months of tenofovir use, in this preliminary study. We conclude that tubular phosphate reabsorption is frequently observed in HIV-positive adults independently of the use of tenofovir. |
| TuPe2.4C13 | PSYCHIATRY SCREENING IN A SAMPLE OF PATIENTS AFFECTED BY HIV: PERSPECTIVES IN INTEGRATING OF MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES INTO PRIMARY HIV CARE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C13) Rosso R.1, Di Biagio A.2, Rosso V.3, Bisio F.1, Olivieri E.3, Mungo S.3, Bassetti M.2, Bassetti D.1 Psychiatric disorders in person living with HIV have been correlated with dysfunctional behaviour including lower compliance and a decrease quality of life. This study confirms the increasing evidence that psychiatric disorders impact the course of HIV infection. Our findings show that probably same personality treats could be predictors, with other well known factors such as gender, negative life events, psychosocial variables and coping response, of affective disorders. |
| TuPe2.4C14 | GRAVES DISEASE (GD) IN HIV PATIENTS (HIVP) A COMPLICATION OF HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART): INCIDENCE, PREVALENCE AND MANAGEMENT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C14) Perez-Elias M.J.1, Natera C.2, Gonzalez-Albarran O.1, Roy G.1, Calañas A.2, Moreno A.1, Marti-Belda P.1, Antela A.1, Dronda F.1, Navas E.1, de la Calle H.1, Alvarez R.1, Abraira V.1, Kindelan J.M.2, Moreno S.2 We found an increasing incidence and prevalence of GD among HAART treated patients with a different male/female distribution compared to the general population. In the long term drug therapy did not control GD. |
| TuPe2.4C15 | EVALUATION OF HYPERPIGMENTATION IN HIV-INFECTED PATEIENTS RECEIVING EMTRICITABINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C15) Rashbaum B. Hyperpigmention in this cohort of men was rare, occurred in African Americans and did not progress nor result in the discontinuation of emtricitabine. |
| TuPe2.4C16 | FUNCTIONAL AEROBIC CAPACITY CHANGES FOLLOWING EXERCISE TRAINING IN HIV+ MEN AND WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C16) Hand G.A.1, Phillips K.D.2, Dudgeon W.D.1, Burgess S.E.2, Smith S.H.2, Durstine J.L.1 These data indicate that 6 weeks of combined moderate intensity aerobic and resistance training can improve the FAC of those with HIV infection. The results suggest that the FAI associated with HIV disease is due to physical detraining rather than an effect of the HIV virus. This work is supported by the NINR/NIH-funded Center for Health Promotion and Risk Reduction in Special Populations and the Arnold School of Public. |
| TuPe2.4C17 | IMPACT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT INTERRUPTION ON MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES. THE TIBET SUBSTUDY. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C17) Martinez-Lopez E.1, Negredo E.2, Miranda C.2, Perez-Alvarez N.2, Canton A.1, Estany C.2, Puig J.2, Miranda J.2, Ruiz L.3, Sanmartí A.4, Clotet B.2 HAART interruption does not seem to be a good strategy to revert lipodystrophy. The lean mass decrease could be associated with an increase of metabolic stress after antiretroviral treatment interruption. On the contrary, treatment interruption seemed to prevent a decrease in BMD, suggesting that HAART could be associated with bone loss. |
| TuPe2.4C18 | COMPLICATION OF HYPODISTROPHY WITH THE TRIOMUNE FOR THE PATIENTS IN RESOURCE CONTRAINED SETTINGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C18) Ndayishimiye F. Triomune has proved the immunological effectiveness on Patient. But it has side effect like hypodistrophy that is not accepted by patients. It is difficult for the patient to switch from a "3in1" ART pill like "triomune " to ART with many pills per day, this can affect the patients adherance. |
| TuPe2.4C19 | INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF SEVERE ADVERSE EVENTS WITH HAART IN ADULT PATIENTS IN THE MTCT PLUS INITIATIVE PROGRAM IN ABIDJAN, CÔTE D'IVOIRE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C19) Ekouevi D.K.1, Tonwe-Gold B.1, Viho I.1, Toure H.1, Coulibaly N.1, Amani-Bosse C.1, Kone M.1, N'dri-Yoman T.1, Leroy V.2, Abrams E.J.3, Dabis F.2 Careful monitoring of programs is needed to evaluate the magnitude of short and long-term SAE in the context of worldwide ART scale-up. |
| TuPe2.4C20 | SWITCHING TO ATAZANAVIR IMPROVES METABOLIC DISORDERS IN ANTIRETROVIRAL-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS WITH SEVERE HYPERLIPIDEMIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C20) Moebius U.1, Lubach-Ruitman M.1, Castro-Frenzel B.1, Stoll M.1, Esser S.2, Voigt E.3, Christensen S.4, Rump J.-A.5, Faetkenheuer G.6, Behrens G.1, Schmidt R.1 Switch to atazanavir results in a significant improvement in HIV-therapy induced hyperlipidemia. We propose a switch to atazanavir as valuable option to improve atherogenic lipid profiles while keeping virologic control. This study was supported by Bristol-Myers Squibb, Germany, Competence Network HIV/AIDS, grant C15 and H.W.&J. Hector Stiftung. |
| TuPe2.4C21 | A RANDOMISED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL OF PRAVASTATIN FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROTEASE INHIBITOR-INDUCED HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA IN HIV-INFECTED MEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C21) Mallon P.1, Miller J.2, Norris R.3, Samaras K.4, Chisholm D.4, Cooper D.1, Carr A.3 In HIV-infected, PI-treated male subjects with hypercholesterolemia, 12 weeks treatment with pravastatin 40mg daily offers no benefit to total serum cholesterol over placebo. |
| TuPe2.4C22 | EFFECTS OF LIPODYSTROPHY ON QUALITY OF LIFE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.4C22) Catalano J. Results indicate lipodystrophy has negative effects on patient quality of life, especially on sexual activity and body image. It should be noted that the physical and psychological domains of one«s quality of life are strongly interrelated. Clinical care staff should consider these results when making treatment plan decisions and encourage patient utilization of mental health resources for assistance and treatment of these quality of life issues. |
| TuPe2.6C Cultural issues |
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| TuPe2.6C01 | A REVIEW OF GENDER-BASED FACTORS AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN EUROPE (DRAFT PENDING FINAL RESULTS IN APRIL) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.6C01) Savoye E. However men expressed a higher degree of satisfaction than women in all areas except in that of treatment. Improvement of side effects was regarded as the number 1 area for improvement of their quality of life. Women however expressed their dissatisfaction in the areas of social life and work/professional career. They declared experiencing a particular deterioration of their economic status, sense of identity and sense of purpose. Not surprisingly, HIV-related discrimination features highly on the list of areas that could improve their quality of life. |
| TuPe2.6C02 | WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS'S CHANGING CARE, TREATMENT AND SUPPORT NEEDS ALONG AN UNPREDICTABLE ILLNESS TRAJECTORY. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.6C02) McWilliam S. This study suggests that all decisions around care, treatment and support services for women living with HIV/AIDS, should be framed in a determinants of health perspective to ensure an understanding of the interconnectedness of many competing influences. Additionally, it provides a description of how treatment characteristics and individual illness trajectories and experiences directed the participants' use of formal and informal care, treatment and support services over time. Lastly this study strengthens the argument for the utility of gender-based analysis tools to critically evaluate women's changing HIV/AIDS treatment needs. |
| TuPe2.6C03 | STEPPING UP ADHERENCE AMONG USERS OF HAART (HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPIES) IN THE NETHERLANDS: SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe2.6C03) Shiripinda I. A lot of factors influence the level of adherence of users of HAART.It became clear that adherence requires responsibilities from both those providing HAART but also from the users of HAART. The study showed that medical personeel do not always give enough information to users of HAART and neither are differences among users recognized. Most foreigners in the study did not speak the native language used by the medical personnel who treated them and hence did not gain optimally from information given especially on pamphlets or when Dutch was spoken.Some Users of HAART were using other medications besides HAART, such as from the alternative health system or some traditional medicines without informing their doctors, which sometimes interfered with their medication. In cases where food was important for the working of the medicines, it was not always clear to the patients what food was best for making the regimen successful, especially for combinations that required some fat intake with them. |
| TuPe3.1B PK and pharmacodynamics |
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| TuPe3.1B01 | PHARMACOKINETIC/PHARMACODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF A NOVEL MATURATION INHIBITOR (PA-457) IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS FOLLOWING A SINGLE ORAL DOSE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B01) Ogundele A.1, Smith P.1, Forrest A.1, Martin D.2 PA-457 was well characterized by this PKPD model, demonstrated linear pharmacokinetics and a prolonged half-life. A single oral dose of PA-457 resulted in a significant, dose-dependent reduction in HIVRNA in this patient population. |
| TuPe3.1B02 | RESULTS FROM PILOT QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM OF GENERIC ANTIRETROVIRALS: CONTENT AND DISSOLUTION ANALYSIS OF GENERIC NEVIRAPINE (HIV-NAT026) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B02) Autar R.S.1, Sankote J.1, Mahanontharit A.1, Ubolyam S.1, Giel D.2, Cooper D.3, Lange J.4, Phanuphak P.1, Burger D.5, Ruxrungtham K.1 Nevirapine concentrations were within international and manufacturer's standard. Extension of similar quality monitoring to other generic antiretrovirals and into more community-based pharmacies is necessary to ensure quality of generics over time. |
| TuPe3.1B03 | THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF SCH 417690 WHEN ADMINISTERED ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH LAMIVUDINE/ZIDOVUDINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B03) Guillaume M.1, Kraan M.2, Keung A.2, Caceres M.2, Sansone A.2 The combination of SCH 417690 50 mg with lamivudine/zidovudine (150 mg/300 mg) was well tolerated, and does not result in a significant drug interaction when given to healthy volunteers for 7 days. |
| TuPe3.1B04 | ASSURING THE QUALITY OF GENERIC ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS PRODUCED IN BRAZIL BY A CELL CULTURE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY ASSAY, FROM 2001-2002 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B04) Calazans A.1, Brindeiro R.1, Antunes O.A.2, Tanuri A.1 This ARV biological activity assay demonstrated to be a very sensitive method to ensure the quality of ARV medicines. In accordance with this, all reproved drugs have been approved by the chemical and physical-chemical analyzes of control quality of the pharmaceuticals. This results show that ARV generic drugs produced and distributed in Brazil during these years possessed a high quality, as assessed by the biological activity of each batch of drug produced. |
| TuPe3.1B05 | PHARMACOKINETICS OF SCH 417690 ADMINISTERED ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH RITONAVIR OR LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B05) Saltzman M.1, Rosenberg M.1, Kraan M.2, Keung A.2, Boutros T.3, Sansone A.2 Coadministration of SCH 417690 with ritonavir or ritonavir/lopinavir in healthy volunteers resulted in significantly higher exposure to SCH 417690, with similar effects exerted by both combinations. Both combinations were well tolerated. |
| TuPe3.1B06 | SIMILAR INCREASE IN SCH 417690 PLASMA EXPOSURE WITH COADMINISTRATION OF VARYING DOSES OF RITONAVIR IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B06) Seiberling M.1, Kraan M.2, Keung A.2, Martinho M.2, Sansone A.2 Coadministration of ritonavir (100–800 mg/day) with SCH 417690 resulted in boosting of SCH 417690 exposure by approximately 500%, irrespective of the ritonavir dose. There was no significant safety risk associated with SCH 417690 alone or in combination with ritonavir treatment. |
| TuPe3.1B07 | THE PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) OF SINGLE-DOSE AND STEADY-STATE TIPRANAVIR/RITONAVIR (TPV/R) 500 MG/200 MG IN SUBJECTS WITH MILD OR MODERATE HEPATIC IMPAIRMENT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B07) Cooper C.1, van Heeswijk R.1, Bilodeau M.2, Kovacs B.3, Sabo J.4, MacGregor T.4, Wruck J.4, Elgadi M.5, Neubacher D.4, McCallister S.4 TPV/r 500 mg/200 mg can be safely administered without dose adjustment in subjects with mild hepatic impairment. The influence of moderate hepatic impairment on TPV PK warrants further study and indicates that monitoring of patients with moderately impaired liver function taking TPV/r may be required. |
| TuPe3.1B08 | PHARMACOKINETICS OF SCH 417690 ADMINISTERED ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH RITONAVIR AND EFAVIRENZ IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B08) Saltzman M.1, Rosenberg M.1, Kraan M.2, Keung A.2, Boutros T.3, Soni P.2, Sansone A.2 SCH 417690, administered with ritonavir and/or efavirenz, was well tolerated. Coadministration of ritonavir plus efavirenz with SCH 417690 increased SCH 417690 exposure significantly, albeit not as much as with ritonavir alone, suggesting that a CYP3A4 inhibitor has a greater effect than a CYP3A4 inducer on SCH 417690 exposure, when given in combination for 14 days. |
| TuPe3.1B09 | PHARMACOKINETICS OF SCH 417690 ADMINISTERED ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH TENOFOVIR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B09) Guillaume M.1, Kraan M.2, Soni P.2, Keung A.2, Sansone A.2 Coadministration of tenofovir with SCH 417690 did not affect SCH 417690 exposure significantly. SCH 417690 was well tolerated in healthy volunteers, with and without administration of tenofovir, supporting combined administration of SCH 417690 and tenofovir for the treatment of HIV. |
| TuPe3.1B10 | EFFECT OF FOOD AND MULTIPLE DOSE PHARMACOKINETICS OF TMC278 AS AN ORAL TABLET FORMULATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B10) Hoetelmans R., Kestens D., Marien K., Stevens M., Peeters M., Williams P., Bastiaanse L., Buffels R., Woodfall B. TMC278 should be administered with food as the exposure to TMC278 is increased with 45%. The single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of TMC278 are dose-proportional over range of 25-150 mg q.d. A Phase IIb study is ongoing with this tablet taken with food at dosages of 25-150 mg q.d. |
| TuPe3.1B11 | SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENT OF ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY OF TMC125 USING NEW TABLET FORMULATIONS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.1B11) Scholler M.1, Hoetelmans R.1, Beets G.1, Vandermeulen K.1, Peeters M.1, Bastiaanse L.1, Leemans R.2, Debroye C.1, Woodfall B.1 A substantial improvement of the relative oral bioavailability of TMC125 was achieved using new tablet formulations. These formulations will allow a significant decrease in pill burden in future trials. |
| TuPe3.4B Pharmagenomics |
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| TuPe3.4B01 | SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF MDR1, CYP2D6, AND CCR5 ALLELIC VARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH RESPONSE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.4B01) Kriegshäuser G., Kury F., Oberkanins C. The reverse-hybridization assay described here is rapid (<6h) and linked into a simple format. It is compatible with large-scale screening programmes, and can easily be modified to accomodate an increasing number of mutations/polymorphisms. |
| TuPe3.5B Pharmacovigilance |
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| TuPe3.5B01 | FACTORS INCREASING THE RISK OF RENAL DYSFUNCTION WITH TENOFOVIR DIFUMARATE (TDF) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe3.5B01) Louie S.1, Ballard C.2, Bi L.1, Beringer P.1 The coadministration of RTV-containing regimens and/or in combination with double or triple nucleosides may increase the risk of TDF-related RD. |
| TuPe4.2B Mechanisms of drug resistance |
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| TuPe4.2B01 | ON THE ROLE OF β8-αE LOOP OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE (HIV-1RT) REPLICATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.2B01) Sharma B. The conservative mutations at Trp153 and Lys154 positions showed contrary responses to the antiHIV-1 compound (3TC), the former being sensitive whereas the later was resistant to 3TCTP. |
| TuPe4.2B02 | NOVEL HIV DRUG RESISTANCE MECHANISM LEADING TO PROTEASE INHIBITOR (PI) RESISTANCE IN RESPONSE TO A HIGH GENETIC BARRIER PI IN VITRO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.2B02) van Maarseveen N.1, Schipper P.1, Goedegebuure I.1, Dulude D.2, Brakier-Gingras L.2, Heilek-Snyder G.3, Cammack N.3, Boucher C.1, Nijhuis M.1 In vitro selection experiments using the HGB PI RO033-4649 led to identification of a novel drug resistance mechanism. For the first time a viral population was selected which was resistant to all PI, without any mutations in the target gene of the drug, the viral protease. Instead, mutations were detected in Gag in the ribosomal frameshift site. However, the observed mutations had no effect on frameshift efficiency. In addition, the same region codes for three protease cleavage sites. Whether changes in the rate of protease cleavage are responsible for the increased resistance is being investigated. |
| TuPe4.2B03 | IDENTIFICATION OF A PHARMACOLOGICAL SANCTUARY FOR HIV-1 IN A SUBSET OF CD4+ PRIMARY CELLS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.2B03) Valentin A.1, Morrow M.1, Yarchoan R.2, Little R.2, Pavlakis G.1 Our results suggest the presence of pharmacological cellular sanctuaries resistant to the antiviral effects of protease inhibitors. The presence of these cells could be responsible for HIV-1 persistence in patients receiving HAART. New therapeutic interventions to eliminate these cells are required to successfully treat HIV-1 infected patients. |
| TuPe4.2B04 | STRUCTURAL IMPLICATION OF THE HIV-1 SUBTYPE F MUTANT VARIANTS FOUND IN SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.2B04) Rossi M., Oliveros M.P.R., Lopez L.F. The knowledge of the action these residues presents in the subtype F HIV-1 Protease can help in the knowledgement about the resistance drugs phenomena and in the treatment improvement of the soropositives patients. |
| TuPe4.3B Genotyping and phenotyping |
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| TuPe4.3B01 | HIV-1 MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY IN BELARUS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B01) Lazouskaya N.1, Eremin V.1, Adema K.W.2, Gasich E.1, Baan E.2, Lukashov V.2 Since 71.5% of all infections in Belarus are associated with drug injections, and the vast majority of the rest of infections are due to sexual transmission, extrapolation of the results of this and previous our study to the total population of HIV-1 - infected individuals in Belarus allows us to estimate that specific for the former Soviet Union IDU-A viruses account for about 95% of all HIV-1 infections in Belarus. |
| TuPe4.3B02 | ABSENCE OF PROTEASE INHIBITOR GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC RESISTANCE AT 134 WEEKS OF PROTEASE INHIBITOR ONLY THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B02) Jordan M.1, Goh W.-C.1, Wanke C.1, Coakley E.2 We describe an individual who after 134 weeks of sustained viremia on PI/r only therapy failed to demonstrate PI resistance. These observations extend the current limited data on primary PI/r phenotypic/genotypic outcomes and merit further evaluation as such a strategy may have broader implications in resource limited settings. |
| TuPe4.3B03 | EVALUATION OF A PROTOTYPE HIV-1 GENOTYPING ASSAY ON GENETICALLY DIVERSE HIV-1 STRAINS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B03) Marlowe N.1, Drews B.1, Holzmayer V.2, Schumaker M.1, Swanson P.2, Brennan C.2, Badaro R.3, Brites C.3, Devare S.G.2, Hackett J.2 This research study demonstrates the potential of the prototype assay to genotype patients harboring genetically diverse HIV-1 strains, including low viral load samples. This assay has several advantages over genotyping technologies utilizing nested PCR amplification, including: reduced risk of contamination, improved workflow and increased potential for high throughput analysis. |
| TuPe4.3B04 | NATURAL POLYMORPHISMS AND ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE ASSOCIATED MUTATIONS IN THE PR AND RT GENES OF DRUG-NAÏVE HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS FROM ANGOLA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B04) Bártolo I.1, Rocha C.1, Epalanga M.2, Bartolomeu J.2, Fonseca M.3, Mendes A.3, Gama A.4, Taveira N.5 In conclusion, the highly divergent non-B HIV-1 variants found in untreated individuals from Angola have a high number of mutations associated with drug resistance in subtype B. Phenotypic assays are needed to determine the effect of these mutations in drug susceptibility of non-B isolates. |
| TuPe4.3B05 | EVALUATION OF THE TRUGENE HIV-1 ENV GENOTYPING ASSAY TO DETERMINE RESISTANCE TO ENFUVIRTIDE IN DISTINCT HIV-1 SUBTYPES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B05) Poveda E.1, Machuca A.2, Letón J.R.2, Ledesma A.2, Alvarez A.1, Soriano V.1 The new Bayer env genotyping assay seems to be useful for the recognition of resistance mutations to enfuvirtide in HIV-1 clinical samples, and is generally not affected by the presence of distinct HIV-1 subtypes belonging to group M. |
| TuPe4.3B06 | VIROLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO HIGHLY ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN HIV-2 INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B06) Rodés B., Toro C., Sheldon J., Jimenez V., Soriano V. Viral suppression of HIV-2 with HAART regimen including PI is not readily achieved. The presence of natural polymorphisms at PR may limit the efficacy of antiviral drugs in these patients and render them more prone to develop resistance to new PI. Moreover, the rate of selection of some resistance genotypes (i.e., Q151M and K65R) may be more frequent in HIV-2 with respect to HIV-1. |
| TuPe4.3B07 | A COMPARISON OF HIV-1 DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY INFORMATION AS PROVIDED BY TWO PHENOTYPIC DRUG RESISTANCE ASSAYS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B07) Van Houtte M.1, Van Der Borght K.1, Picchio G.2, Pattery T.1, Lecocq P.1, Bacheler L.3 Despite the fact that the PS assay and VT assay use different approaches to obtain phenotypic information, this study suggests that both assays correlate well and they provide, on most occasions, similar interpretations of resistance across the drugs investigated. |
| TuPe4.3B08 | ABSENCE OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN DRUG-NAÏVE HIV-1 INFECTED PATIENTS FROM MOZAMBIQUE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B08) Bártolo I.1, Casanovas J.2, Rocha C.1, Folgosa E.2, Mondlane J.2, Bastos R.3, Manuel R.3, Taveira N.4 In conclusion, HIV-1 epidemic in Mozambique is caused by subtype C viruses with similar origins and evolutionary rates as those of neighbouring countries. Viruses from drug-naïve patients seem to be susceptible to the currently available antiretroviral drugs. |
| TuPe4.3B09 | MULTICENTRE STUDY OF HIV PATIENTS WHO PRESENT VIROLOGICAL FAILURE WITH THE K65R MUTATION IN THE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE GENE. KASER STUDY. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B09) Palacios R.1, Viciana I.1, Ríos M.J.2, García F.3, Nogales M.C.4, Lozano F.4, López-Ruz M.Á.5, Rodríguez F.2, Gálvez M.C.6, Lozano A.7, Montes de Oca M.8, Martínez M.3, Terrón A.9, Gutiérrez-Ravé V.10, Merino D.11, Suarez I.12, Santos J.1 The K65R mutation prevalence was not high, and its incidence has poorly increased in recent years. It was associated with non-PI regimens, and cases were more immunosuppressed than controls. The ddI-TDF combination was the most common used, being more frequent in cases than in controls. The presence of TAMs appear to protect against the K65R mutation. This mutation does not compromise rescuability. |
| TuPe4.3B10 | PERFORMANCE OF THE VIROSEQ HIV-1 GENOTYPING SYSTEM ON DIFFERENT HIV-1 SUBTYPE SAMPLES FROM PATIENTS FAILING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B10) Couto Fernandez J.C., Silva-de-Jesus C., Morgado M.G. These results of HIV-1 resistance genotyping performance of the Viroseq system analyzing prevalent HIV-1 samples in Brazil, will contribute to improve the accuracy of the genotyping test applied by the National Network of HIV-1 Genotyping (Renageno). |
| TuPe4.3B11 | COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF GENOTYPE-BASED HIV-1 RESISTANCE ANALYSIS SYSTEMS TO PREDICT VIROLOGIC RESPONSE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe4.3B11) Winters B.1, Van Der Borght K.1, Harrigan R.2, Montaner J.2, Castor D.3, Hammer S.4, Perez-Elias M.5, Miller M.6, Emery S.7, van Leth F.8, Robinson P.9, Baxter J.D.10, Pozniak A.11, Gazzard B.11, Bacheler L.12 The results indicate that there is a benefit of interpreting phenotypic information as a continuous variable. In patients that exhibit some level of resistance to their regimen, phenotypic information provides added value to the genotype alone. |
| TuPe5.1P Epidemiology of vertical transmission |
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| TuPe5.1P01 | TRANSITION FROM PMTCT MONOTHERAPY TO DUAL THERAPY IN THE WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.1P01) Draper B. South Africa has experienced the most rapidly growing HIV epidemic in the world.The most common cause of maternal deaths in South Africa is sepsis, of which 78% are HIV positive.A program to prevent mother to child transmission is needed as part of the basic health services, and studies have shown that low cost antiretroviral regimens save lives and money. By mid-2004, a Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission program had rolled out in the Western Cape Province as an essentially nurse-driven service, incorporating dual drug therapy and CD4 and PCR testing. The introduction of a CD4 test has led to guidelines for the management of mothers with low CD4 counts.This presentation describes this program and the challenges and successes of CD4 and PCR testing in a high prevalence setting. |
| TuPe5.1P02 | DETECTION AND FOLLOW UP OF PREGNANT HIV WOMEN IN A MEDICAL CENTRE FOR PRIMARY ATTENDANCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.1P02) Martinez D., Natiello M., Musto A., Dinerstein E., Lencina M., Villar B., Payaslian A. Our data confirms a high rate of HIV infection among PW from an underserved area of Buenos Aires. Late antenatal care, a high rate of illiteracy, lack of family planning and suboptimal access to laboratory monitoring illustrate the fact that HIV positive PW remains a vulnerable population in the context. |
| TuPe5.1P03 | MISSED OPPORTUNITIES FOR PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: THE NICHD INTERNATIONAL SITE DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE (NISDI) PERINATAL STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.1P03) D'Ippolito M.1, Read J.2, Korelitz J.3, Joao E.1, Mussi-Pinhata M.4, Rocha N.5 Although the rate of MTCT was low, several cases of transmission occurred. Some of these cases appear to be missed opportunities for prevention of MTCT of HIV-1. |
| TuPe5.1P04 | IMPACT OF THE PMTCT PROGRAM ON THE INCIDENCE OF VERTICALLY TRANSMITTED HIV INFECTION AMONG CHILDREN IN BARBADOS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.1P04) Kumar A.1, St. John M.1, Sippy N.2, Lewis D.1 PMTCT program had led to significant decline in the incidence of vertical HIV infection in children in Barbados. However, despite the provision for free screening facility and prophylactic antiretroviral therapy, nearly one third of HIV infected children are still born to women not known to be infected during pregnancy. |
| TuPe5.1P05 | RISK FACTORS FOR HIV-1 SEROPOSITIVITY AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN RURAL TAMIL NADU, INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.1P05) Dharmarajan S.1, Srijayanth P.1, Read J.2, Samuel N.1, Jacob M.1, Van Hook H.3, Elango R.1, Collins D.3, Junankar V.3, Bethel J.3 Voluntary HIV-1 counseling and testing were well-accepted among a rural population of pregnant women in southeastern India. The seroprevalence rate was 2.0%. Women whose sexual partner's occupation required long periods of time away from home (e.g., truck drivers) were at increased risk of HIV-1 infection. |
| TuPe5.1P06 | INNOVATIVE COMPUTER BASED MONITORING OF A NATIONAL PMTCT PROGRAM IN LOW RESOURCES SETTING (YAOUNDÉ - CAMEROON) THE AFFIXE MODEL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.1P05) Tchendje 1, Tsague L.2, Njom Nlend A.3, Zoung-Kanyi Bissek A.2, Nokouni M.2, Bella A.2 Operational tool for a quality Monitoring and Evaluation of a national PMTCT program that has proved its efficiency and pertinence. |
| TuPe5.1P07 | TRENDS IN THE UPTAKE OF ANTENATAL VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING FOR HIV AND THE HIV PREVALENCE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN BARBADOS, 1993-2004: EVIDENCE TO GAUGE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HIV PREVENTION MEASURES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.1P07) Kumar A., St. John M. The PMTCT in Barbados have been successful in reducing the prevalence and incidence of HIV among pregnant women together with a high uptake of voluntary counseling and testing for HIV. |
| TuPe5.2P Clinical trials |
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| TuPe5.2P01 | ATAZANAVIR USE IN PREGNANCY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P01) Morris A.1, Juethner S.2, Theroux E.3 Atazanavir based regimens in this cohort of pregnant women were very well tolerated in both the mothers and infants. To date all have had good responses immunologically and virologically and no infant has been infected. Infants' serology will continue to be followed 1 year post delivery to confirm HIV status. Until prospective data are available, this series helps to inform the field. |
| TuPe5.2P02 | TRENDS IN PERINATAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV/AIDS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P02) Asamoah G.B., Yamoah S. According to these data, substantial declines in AIDS incidence were temporally associated with an increase in zidovudine use to reduce perinatal HIV transmission, demonstrating substantial success in implementing PHS guidelines. Reductions in the numbers of births and effects of therapy in delaying AIDS do not explain the decline. |
| TuPe5.2P03 | AIDS IN CHILDREN BY VERTICAL TRANSMISSION IN CUBA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P03) González Núñez I., Manuel D.J. The Program for Prevention and Control of Vertical Transmission is effective as the amount of infected children is low, similar to that of developed countries. Since CD4 counting and viral load is being used, therapeutic decisions as well as treatment changes have been made in children receiving antiretrovirals. |
| TuPe5.2P04 | RELATIVE MORBIDITY AFTER CAESAREAN DELIVERY IN HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS VS. SERONEGATIVE PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P04) Jung T., Jotwani S., Chambers J.T., Suh J., Ganz E., Sharp V. Results indicate that HIV-positive mothers may be more likely to experience postoperative complications after elective caesarean delivery; even in this cohort with relatively well controlled HIV disease. Currently, a larger sample is being investigated at our institution to further evaluate these differences. |
| TuPe5.2P05 | SINGLE DOSE NEVIRAPINE VERSUS COMBINATION ZIDOVUDINE-NEVIRAPINE FOR PMTCT OF HIV: AN OUTCOMES-ORIENTED POLICY REVIEW FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P05) Megazzini K.1, Chi B.1, Sinkala M.1, Stringer J.1, Vermund S.2 More efficacious antiretroviral regimens may prevent a greater number of infant HIV infections assuming that regimen complexity does not severely compromise population coverage. Achieving maximum PMTCT program effectiveness is dependent on implementing the most efficacious antiretroviral regimens while maintaining population coverage. This may be particularly challenging in resource-poor environments. |
| TuPe5.2P06 | THE ROLE OF ENFURVITIDE IN THE PREVENTION OF VERTICAL TRANSMISSION OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT HIV IN PREGNANCY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P06) Brennan-Benson P.1, Pakianathan M.1, Rice P.2, Chakraborty R.3, Sharland M.3, Hay P.1 Suppression of maternal viraemia is the cornerstone of therapeutic intervention to prevent MTCT of HIV. The increasing prevalence of MDR-HIV makes the use of T20 a useful adjunct to the ARV armoury in such challenging cases, and appears to be safe and efficacious. If enfurvitide crosses the placenta its mode of action makes it attractive as a part of a PEP regimen for the neonate. |
| TuPe5.2P07 | EFFICACY OF PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD-TRANSMISSION OF HIV WITH PERINATAL AZT IN A NON-BREASTFEEDING POPULATION FROM 42 ANTENATAL CLINICS IN GREATER KINGSTON, JAMAICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P07) Christie C.D.C.1, Steel-Duncan J.2, Palmer P.1, Pierre R.1, Harvey K.3, Johnson N.1, Anderson M.4, Billings C.5, Evans-Gilbert T.6, McDonald C.7, Rodriquez B.8, Moore J.1, Smikle M.2, Williams E.9, Whorms S.2, Mullings A.1, McDonald D.10, Alexander G.8, Onyonyor O.8, Morgan O.10, Hylton-Kong T.11, Harris M.12, Figueroa J.P.3 Perinatal zidovudine appears successful in reducing MTCT of HIV in a compliant, non-breastfeeding population in Greater Kingston. |
| TuPe5.2P08 | TEN YEARS OF EFFORTS FOR PREVENTING HIV PERINATAL TRANSMISSION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P08) Melo V., Aguiar R., Lobato A., Cavallo I., Fabiana K., Pinto J. Antiretroviral regimens during gestation, labor and immediately after birth reduce HIV vertical transmission. Cesarean section, performed in patients with high viral load, also reduces MTCT. |
| TuPe5.2P09 | SAFETY OF NEVIRAPINE IN PREGNANT WOMEN (PW): A REPORT OF 143 CASES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P09) Rolon M.J., Coll P., Lattner J., Cahn P. In our series, NVP-based HAART showed acceptable levels of toxicity, mainly linked to cutaneous rash. The difference with other reports with higher incidence of hepatotoxicity may be linked to close surveillance of pregnant women in our center. |
| TuPe5.2P10 | DURATION OF EXPOSURE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) DRUGS AND RISK OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD-TRANSMISSION (MTCT) OF HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P10) Joao E.C.1, Calvet G.A.1, Menezes J.A.1, Cruz M.L.S.1, Salgado L.A.T.1, Silva S.M.S.2, Braga C.M.2, Medeiros A.F.1, Martins E.B.1, Braga R.C.C.3, Cunha C.B.1 In this cohort, exposure to >15 weeks and <36 weeks of ARV during pregnancy was a protective factor to prevent MTCT of HIV. |
| TuPe5.2P11 | FERTILIZATION IN COUPLES WITH HIV: (FERTHIV STUDY) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P11) Jauregui-Rueda H.1, Pasqualini S.2, Balbaryski J.1, Paganini A.2, Turin G.3, Marazzi A.2, Arevalo L.3, Monticelli A.1 Due to important advances in the managing of HIV/AIDS and the development of strategies that have substancially diminished, yet have not eliminated completely, the horizontal and vertical transmission of HIV, we do believe that it is possible to carry out Assisted Reproduction Techniques in couples with HIV, including those with AIDS or recovering IVDU. To that end, we believe that the benefit outweighs the risk. |
| TuPe5.2P12 | MATERNAL CD4 T CELL COUNTS, VIRAL LOAD, AND SUBTYPE IN ASSOCIATION WITH HIV-1 PERINATAL TRANSMISSION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P12) Srihari B.J.1, MiniJacob S.1, Sundaravalli A.2, Lakshmi Devi B.3, Murthy B.N.4, Bhirmanandham C.V.1, Samuel N.M.1 There was no association found between viral load, CD4 T cell counts, subtype and the maternal variables in relation with perinatal transmission. This is the first in India to study the association of HIV-1 subtypes with perinatal transmission by HMA. |
| TuPe5.2P13 | IMPROVING MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV COVERAGE IN RESOURCE POOR SETTINGS THROUGH PER AND POST PARTUM TESTING IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P13) Njom Nlend A.1, Penda I.2, Choundong V.3, Same Ekobo C.4, Etame O.5, Nkeng S.6, Tchendjou Takam P.7, Tsague L.8 In resource poor settings per and post partum counselling can help to increase access to VCT and therefore ARV uptake especially for the babies. Such strategy must be promoted where access and use of reproductive health services are low. |
| TuPe5.2P14 | PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV: STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES OF THE PMTCT PROGRAM IN KINSHASA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P14) Corneli A.1, Behets F.1, Mbotama C.2, Tomlin H.2, Kapinga M.2, Kizungu D.2, Mbuyulu F.2, Konziase J.2 In Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), we have positioned the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection (PMTCT) program as an opportunity to improve antenatal care (ANC) services. Through working collaboratively with the National HIV Control Program, the Kinshasa School of Public Health, and other national and local partners, our PMTCT program is now offered in 32 public and faith-based maternities within Kinshasa. |
| TuPe5.2P15 | FREQUENCY OF NEVIRAPINE RESISTANCE (NVPR) AFTER SINGLE DOSE NEVIRAPINE (SDNVP) USE TO PREVENT HIV-1 VERTICAL TRANSMISSION: A META-ANALYSIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P15) Arrivé E.1, Dabis F.1, Newell M.-L.2, Chaix M.-L.3, Rouzioux C.3, Leroy V.1, Ekouevi D.K.4, Thiebaut R.5, Masquelier B.6, Van de Perre P.7 While sdNVP is a widely used PMTCT regimen in resource-poor settings, the frequency of NVPR was important in both women and children and was strongly associated with additional ARV interventions. These results may have consequences on recommendations. |
| TuPe5.2P16 | MOTHER TO CHILD HIV TRANSMISSION IN A COHORT OF PREGNANT WOMEN DIAGNOSED AT DELIVERY OR DURING PRENATAL CARE BY MEANS OF RAPID HIV TESTING AT TIJUANA GENERAL HOSPITAL, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P16) Viani R.1, Araneta M.R.1, Hubbard P.1, Ruiz-Calderon J.2, Lopez G.2, Chacon E.2, Spector S.1 These findings indicate that rapid HIV testing of pregnant women enables prompt intervention with antiretrovirals, causing significant MTCT reduction. |
| TuPe5.2P17 | TEN YEARS OF HIV VERTICAL TRANSMISSION PREVENTION IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL, FROM 1995 TO 2004: PROGRESS AND COMPLICATIONS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P17) Rubini N.P., Llerena C.L., Guerra M.C., Recarey F.G., Rocco R., Lima A.J., Sion F.S., Morais de Sá C.A. Access to HIV vertical transmission prevention in Rio de Janeiro has increased significantly in the period 1999-2004 when compared to the period 1995-1999. Nonetheless, one quarter of the infants exposed vertically to HIV born in the last 5 years still had no access to MTCTC. The main barriers to access were the non requisition of an HIV test during pre-natal care and the lack of pre-natal. |
| TuPe5.2P18 | PREVENTING MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION(PMTCT) OF HIV IN NEPAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P18) Shrestha L. Since HIV in Nepal IS increasing, starting PMTCT-service now will create capacity for an enhanced epidemic and also it will complement other emerging HIV/AIDS prevention efforts. |
| TuPe5.2P19 | MORTALITY OF HIV-EXPOSED INFANTS IN JOS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P19) Pam S.D.1, Sagay A.S.1, Egah D.1, Imade G.1, Agbaji O.1, Adekwu O.1, Ochoga M.1, Akor F.1, Ejeliogu C.1, Sankale J.-L.2, Kapiga S.2, Idoko J.A.1, Kanki P.2 All infants died before 9 months of age. Therapy could not be introduced early enough. Sudden death in these infants needs further investigation. One HIV PCR DNA negative child died of dehydration. This could have been prevented. Recommendation: More efforts need to be made to provide drugs for HIV-infected infants. Education of mothers of infants on use breast milk substitutes must be emphasized. |
| TuPe5.2P20 | PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD HIV TRANSMISSION IN LUANDA, ANGOLA-AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.2P20) CM Silva A.C.1, Serrano D.1, Leite A.G.1, Posada-Vergara M.P.1, Harter S.1, Munhoz Leite O.H.2, Ueda M.1, Uip D.E.2, Filho E.M.1 Although in a resource-constrained setting, this program showed that it is possible to improved access to antenatal care for HIV + pregnant and an effective MTCT prevention with ARV prophylaxis. |
| TuPe5.3P Post-natal transmission |
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| TuPe5.3P01 | PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV-1 THROUGH BREASTFEEDING BY TREATING INFANTS PROPHYLACTICALLY WITH LAMIVUDINE IN DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.3P01) Kilewo C.1, Karlsson K.2, Massawe A.1, Lyamuya E.1, Lipyoga R.1, Msemo G.1, Swai A.1, Hamud N.1, Kalokola F.1, Mhalu F.1, Biberfeld G.2 The transmission rate at 6 months in this study where children were treated prophylactically during breastfeeding was low (5.1%), only slightly higher than the 6 week rate (3.4%) and similar to the transmission rate at 6 weeks in the Petra study arm A (5.7%). The transmission rate at 6 months in the present study was lower than the transmission rate at 6 monts (26 weeks) in breast-feeding mothers in Petra arm A, which was 13.1% (Turnbull analysis). |
| TuPe5.3P02 | EVALUATION OF INFANT FEEDING COUNSELING CONTENT OF HIV POSITIVE MOTHERS IN URBAN AREAS IN CAMEROON. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.3P02) Njom Nlend A.1, Ida P.2, Okala G.3, Etame O.4, Nkeng S.5, Lemen B.6, Tsague L.7, Fezeu M.8, Beauvais L.9 Quality content of infant feeding counselling is adequate as benefits of and risks of both breastmilk and artificial milk are outlined. However an emphasis is observed on benefits of artificial feeding and risk of breastfeeding for all the health workers(p<0,001). |
| TuPe5.3P03 | HIV TRANSMISSION FROM SURROGATE BREASTFEEDING IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.3P03) Quava-Jones A.1, Bartholomew M.2, Bartholomew C.1 Although the risk of HIV transmission through breast milk persists for the duration of breastfeeding, the risk of transmission is greatest during the first 4-6 months when virus RNA loads in the colostrum and early milk are significantly higher than in mature breast milk. Surrogate breastfeeding-mothers should be investigated for their HIV antibody status. |
| TuPe5.3P04 | A SPECIFIC SUGAR EPITOPE IN HUMAN MILK BINDS DC-SIGN AND INHIBITS HIV-1 TRANSFER TO CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTES. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.3P04) Naarding M.1, Pollakis G.1, Ludwig I.2, Groot F.1, Berkhout B.1, Geijtenbeek T.2, Paxton W.1 These results indicate that multiple sugar epitopes, most likely protein associated, are needed for the inhibition of DC-SIGN mediated transfer of HIV-1. Whether expression levels of this factor correlate with MTCT of HIV-1 via breastfeeding has yet to be determined. Further analysis in underway to identify the specific glycoprotein. |
| TuPe5.3P05 | COST-UTILITY OF PREVENTING VERTICAL HIV TRANSMISSION IN INFANTS BORN TO LATE-PRESENTING MALAWIAN WOMEN: NVP V. NVP + AZT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.3P05) Rosenberg N. Infants born to late-presenting HIV+ Malawian mothers should be administered NVAZ over NVP. An expected value of information study should be conducted to determine the cost-effectiveness of additional research. |
| TuPe5.4P Clinical trials |
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| TuPe5.4P01 | NNRTI-RESISTANT MUTATIONS IN HIV-1 INFECTED INFANTS FOLLOWING SINGLE DOSE NEVIRAPINE (SD-NVP)ARE REDUCED BY THE ADDITION OF SHORT COURSE ZIDOVUDINE AND 3TC IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.4P01) Gray G.1, McIntyre J.1, Hopley M.2, Martinson N.1, Hall D.3, Mayers D.3 The addition of ZDV/3TC to a sd-NVP regimen to infants substantially reduces NNRTI-mutations and should be considered to minimize these mutations. |
| TuPe5.5P Socio-behavioural aspects of MTCT prevention |
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| TuPe5.5P01 | CHANGING ATTITUDES TO IMPROVE CARE FOR PREGNANT WOMEN WITH HIV/AIDS IN RUSSIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P01) Zhukov I., Kornilova M. These fears and negative judgments, coupled with confusion regarding proper HIV treatment, dictate the necessity of focused trainings on improving the attitudes of health care workers in general, and towards PLWHA in particular. |
| TuPe5.5P02 | PERCEPTION OF HIV RISK BY SEXUALLY EXPERIENCED WOMEN IN THE GAMBIA — IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P02) Nweneka C., Inyang M., Nweneka B. Since low risk perception is likely to be associated with less willingness to accept risk reduction messages and services such as voluntary counselling and testing, the low risk perception among women in this study could adversely affect PMTCT efforts. Within the limitations of this study, there may be need to raise the risk perception level of urban Gambian women. |
| TuPe5.5P03 | SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS THAT INCREASE THE RISK OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P03) Enwereji E. The use of educational materials such as posters, flip charts and hand bills as media interventions for reducing MTCT of HIV in Igbo communities seem to be yielding little success given the myriads of stringent cultural beliefs. Women who are assumed immoral and promiscuous are believed to be infected with sexually transmitted infection (STI) unlike men with multiple sex partners. |
| TuPe5.5P04 | BIRTH OUTCOMES FOR PREGNANT WOMEN AT HIGH SOCIO-BEHAVIORAL RISK OF HIV PARTICIPATING IN THE COMMUNITY ACTION FOR PRENATAL CARE INITIATIVE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P04) Novello A.C., Doyle P., Rogers P., Brandt N., Parisi D., Glaros R. Community engagement strategies that address socio-behavioral risks can be effective in recruiting high-risk pregnant women into care and avoiding adverse birth outcomes. |
| TuPe5.5P05 | THE IMPACT OF HIV ON MATERNAL QUALITY OF LIFE IN UGANDA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P05) Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha H.1, Mayon-White R.T.2, Jenkinson C.2, Okong P.3, Kiyingi A.3, Mwebaze E.B.3, Kalanzi H.3, Carpenter L.M.2 This first use of COOP charts in Uganda suggests that HIV adversely affects maternal QOL. QOL assessment should be integral to care. Interventions like counselling could alleviate the social and emotional effects of HIV. |
| TuPe5.5P06 | FACTORS INFLUENCING UTILIZATION OF VOLUNTARY HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING SERVICES AMONG PREGNANT MOTHERS IN KAWEMPE DIVISION, KAMPALA DISTRICT, UGANDA, 2003 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P06) Lukwago S. Awareness of VCT services in health units where mothers attended ANC was average. Though awareness on importance of VCT in PMTCT was low, most mothers considered VCT important and desired it. Fear of costs and an HIV positive result were the major barriers to using VCT services. Health workers should raise more awareness on VCT and PMTCT, free VCT services in public health units, allay fears of an HIV positive result through counseling and link mothers to HIV care organizations. |
| TuPe5.5P07 | ACCEPTABILITY OF VOLUNTARY HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING ( VCT ) FOR ANTENATAL SCREENING AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING AN ANC IN HOSPITALS IN VIENTIANE CAPITAL , LAO PDR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P07) Phengsavanh A. This survey shows the high acceptance rate for Voluntary HIV testing among pregnant women. Some misunderstanding of HIV transmission could be corrected and clarified by provision of health education. |
| TuPe5.5P08 | SOCIAL-CULTURAL DYNAMICS IN HIV-POSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN'S REPRODUCTIVE DECISIONS, LILONGWE, MALAWI IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P08) Chimphamba Gombachika B.T.1, Blystad A.2, Kaponda C.N.3 Socio-cultural obligations to have children appeared to outweigh fears and risks associated with the prospects of deteriorating health, the risk of giving birth to infected infants, and the fear of leaving children orphaned. Improved intervention strategies and diverse forms of support groups for HIV-positive pregnant women, which can address issues of pregnancy decision making, are in urgent demand. |
| TuPe5.5P09 | KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT GROUPS ON HIV/AIDS IN THE FRAME OF THE MTCT PROGRAMME IN 5 SITES OF RUSSIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P09) Kamaletdinova N., Kotchoubey A. Low level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS among all groups of respondents, clinician fears and negative judgments calls for immediate prevention interventions, including educational trainings conduction, production of informational materials, mass media campaigns (safe sex promotion and solidarity with PLWHA). These programs are carried out currently on territories of 5 pilot regions of Russia. The evaluation study is planned by the end of the program in 2005. |
| TuPe5.5P10 | INFANT FEEDING PRACTICES AMONG HIV-INFECTED WOMEN COUNSELED ON FEEDING OPTIONS IN PMTCT PROGRAM IN A MINING COMMUNITY IN ZAMBIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BREAST-FEEDING. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P10) Pandey V.K. Among HIV-infected women, social factors still play a commanding role in deciding infant-feeding practices despite appropriate counseling and universal awareness of transmission risks involved, resulting in high rates of mixed and/or prolonged breastfeeding. Policy-makers are challenged to device a wider counseling approach involving community, family and men, to be more effective in context of PMTCT in traditional African settings. |
| TuPe5.5P11 | PREGNANCY PREDICTORS IN AN URBAN HIV INFECTED WOMEN COHORT IN RIO DE JANEIRO-BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P11) Friedman R.1, Grinztejn B.1, Veloso V.G.1, Moreira R.1, Pilotto J.H.1, Bastos F.I.2, Costa Leite I.3 In this cohort, younger age, higher education, living with a partner and being on ART, were factors associated with the likelihood of becoming pregnant. The association of higher education and being on ART with the occurrence of pregnancy may be related to the perception of longer survival and better quality of life in the HAART era. |
| TuPe5.5P12 | HIV SEROPOSITIVE STATUS DISCLOSURE AMONG URBAN WOMEN AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CAMEROON PMTCT PROGRAMS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P12) Njom Nlend A.1, Penda I.2, Ngwa V.2, Zoung Kanyi A.C.3, Okala G.3, Etame O.4, Tsague L.3, Engozo'O A.3, Fezeu M.1 In Cameroon urban areas , rate of HIV serostatus disclosure is high and lead to high rate of partner testing . However outcome of disclosure on PMTCT prevention must be strengthened by ongoing counselling targeting both women and partners. |
| TuPe5.5P13 | BASELINE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING HIV INFECTION AND TRANSMISSION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN RURAL TAMIL NADU, INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P13) Srijayanth P.1, Dharmarajan S.1, Read J.2, Jacob M.1, Samuel N.1, Elango R.1, Junankar V.3, Collins D.3, Van Hook H.3, Bethel J.3 At baseline, approximately 2/3 of pregnant women had not heard of HIV or AIDS. Of the 1/3 aware of HIV, knowledge of how the infection was acquired or transmitted was variable. These results emphasize the importance of education and counseling regarding HIV in this |
| TuPe5.5P14 | REPRODUCTION DESIRE IN HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P14) Compostella S.1, Zeni C.1, Antonelli S.1, Casari S.1, Torti C.1, Torri T.1, Signorini L.1, Forleo M.A.1, Quaglia F.2, Carosi G.1 Reproduction desire was perceived to a significant extent and correlated with the possibility of "re-thinking the future". However, obstacles are worryingly perceived by women, such as fear of virus trasmission and sense of responsibility. Health service and counselling promotion are therefore emergent priorities. |
| TuPe5.5P15 | THE NEED AND CHALLENGES OF HOME FOLLOW-UP DURING PMTCT IN PERI-URBAN MILIEU: SIX MONTHS EXPERIENCE IN NORTH CAMEROON IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P15) Tchendjou P.1, Gake B.1, Tsague L.2, Tejiokem M.3, Folefack M.4, Kamga G.R.5, Abdou A.6, Njom Nlend A.E.7 Poverty and socio-cultural beliefs were identified as major barriers for non respect of follow-up schedules by most HIV positive pregnant women. However, a majority through home follow-up benefited from PMTCT interventions. In a community with under usage of health facilities, home follow-up and educating pregnant and all women of child bearing age to attend antenatal visits may permit a larger number of HIV positive pregnant women to benefit from PMTCT intervention. |
| TuPe5.5P16 | DETERMINANTS OF INFANT FEEDING CHOICES OF HIV- POSITIVE MOTHERS IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P16) Adejuyigbe E. Socio-behavioural factors influence the infant feeding choices of HIV-positive mothers in Ife-Ijesa zone of southwestern Nigeria. |
| TuPe5.5P17 | WILLINGNESS TO HAVE A CHILD AMONG HIV SERODISCORDANT COUPLES AT IPEC/FIOCRUZ-RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P17) Fernandes N.M., Paiva M.S., Rodrigues J., Friedman R., Moreira R., Veloso V.G., Grinsztejn B. Our data highlights the high level of willingness of having a child among discordant couples. This finding must be taken into consideration when counseling these couples about prevention of sexual transmission and MTCT. Information about implications of antiretroviral use on fetus must be provided to them in the context of volunteering for an antiretroviral intervention trial. Special attention should be given to the risk of occurrence of pregnancy during antiretroviral trials enrolling discordant couples. |
| TuPe5.5P18 | ADHERENCE TO ANTI RETROVIRAL-THERAPY IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT AN HIV TREATMENT CLINIC, PORT-OF-SPAIN TRINIDAD. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P18) Jones A., Barthlomew C. Adherence to anti-retroviral therapy in pregnant women is critical in order to reduce maternal viral load before delivery and by so doing reduce the rate of vertical transmission of HIV. In this study pregnant women had strong maternal motivations to achieve almost full adherence. |
| TuPe5.5P19 | THE MODEL OF VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING AND TESTING USED FOR IDENTIFYING HIV-INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTE NATAL CARE (ANC) IN DJIBOUTI IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P19) Fatouma M.1, Kibangou N.1, Comolet T.2, Mutanda M.-C.3, Nebawiya M.4, Mahdi A.5, Puidupin M.-A.6, Mariam K.7, Hebert E.6, Omar A.8, Mohamed A.K.9 VCT used for identifying HIV-infected pregnant women in Djibouti was well accepted. The active search of women defaulting to collect their results must be to improved. This model includes comprehensive medical care and psychological and social support which facilitates its acceptanceOpt-out inclusion provides accurate epidemiologic data while allowing 25% of women to ignore their status. |
| TuPe5.5P20 | SOCIO-BEHAVIORAL INHIBITORS TO OPTIMAL MTCT PREVENTION IN ZIMBABWE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P20) Montgomery E.1, Mahaka I.1, Nhamo D.1, Wells J.1, Chipato T.1, Yvonne M.2 Socio-behavioral impediments to testing and ARV acceptance must be examined and addressed for a succesful treatment program. |
| TuPe5.5P21 | EUROPEAN FEMALE HIV-INFECTED CAREGIVERS' REPRODUCTIVE AND PSYCHOSEXUAL HEALTH IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P21) Gallotta G.1, Uberti-Foppa C.2, Caldeira L.3, Gordillo V.4, Gredig D.5, Nöstlinger C.6, Sonnenberg-Schwan U.7, Lazzarin A.2, Colebunders R.6, EUROSUPPORT Study Group E.S.G.6 38% of women assessed received an HIV diagnosis during pregnancy stressing the lack of prevention within a broader context of SRH. Specific strategies for counselling are needed, as addressing the contraceptive needs of women already aware of HIV-infection into standard HIV clinical care. |
| TuPe5.5P22 | SCALING UP PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV/AIDS IN NIGERIA: FOCUS ON MARRIAGE COUNSELLING PROGRAMMES OF A FAITHBASED ORGANISATION IN ANAMBRA STATE NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P22) Ilika L., Okoye, Chukwudebelu A.O.S. The marriage course provided a unique setting for VCT and PMTCT more so when both couples attended. However the course contents, structure, process and human resource were deficient for effective PMTCT programme. Though participants awareness of MTCT was high, knowledge of PMTCT was low. Also most participants went for mandatory HIV tests without pre or post test counselling thereby creating a missed opportunity to impart PMTCT messages. It is recommended that the marriage course should be targetted and scaled up for PMTCT services through capacity building. |
| TuPe5.5P23 | FOCUSING ON COUNSELLOR TO MOTHER COMMUNICATION IN ORDER TO ENHANCE EFFECTIVENESS AND QUALITY OF PMTCT INFANT FEEDING COUNSELLING IN SOUTHERN AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P23) Buskens J.A.J.M. Counsellors would benefit from greater insight into "who" and "what" influences mothers' infant feeding decisions. Furthermore, a counselling format that would enable counsellors to manage mothers' ambivalence and guide the process of behaviour change in a more directive way would enhance the encounter's effectiveness. A counselling format tailor-designed to meet the specific challenges of the PMTCT infant feeding counselling relationship in Southern Africa is suggested. |
| TuPe5.5P24 | EXPERIENCE OF NEW PREGNANCY BY HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P24) Romanelli R., Lin E., Cardoso C., Aguiar R., Goulart L., Pinto J. This study allowed identification necessities of interviewed patients beyond biomedical pardigm, favoring improvement of assistance. |
| TuPe5.5P25 | SOCIO-BEHAVIOURAL ASPECTS OF MTCT PREVENTION IN JAMAICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P25) Norman L.1, Gebre Y.2 Considering that 20% of pregnant women had not been tested for HIV, this indicates that there is much room for improvement. National-based research should inform more aggressive strategies targeting all women of reproductive age, especially pregnant women, in an effort to increase MTCT risk reduction knowledge and HIV testing for this at-risk group. |
| TuPe5.5P26 | FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO THE DESIRE OF PREGNANCY AMONG WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN RIO DE JANEIRO – BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.5P26) Friedman R.1, Grinsztejn B.1, Veloso V.G.1, Andrade A.1, Portela M.C.2, Fernandes E.1, Pires E.S.1, Moreira R.1, Leite I.C.2, Bastos F.I.3 Women with a sexual partner and without children were more likely to have the desire to become pregnant. Having an alive child and/or a HIV infected child were acted as a protective factor. |
| TuPe5.6P MTCT-Plus |
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| TuPe5.6P01 | INFANT NEVIRAPINE DOSING FOR THE PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION IN ASSOCIATION WITH TIMING OF MATERNAL INTRAPARTUM NEVIRAPINE DOSE: INITIATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA DRUG QUALITY AND INFORMATION PROGRAM (USP DQI) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P01) Seyoum D.1, Primo-Carpenter J. The USP Drug Information Expert Committees recommended that infants born less than 2 hours after maternal nevirapine dosing during labor should receive a dose of nevirapine immediately after birth in addition to the standard infant dose at 48 to 72 hours. |
| TuPe5.6P02 | TOLERANT ATTITUDES REGARDING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE TOWARDS WOMEN IN MOZAMBIQUE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P02) Bronson J., Novotny K., Alegre J.C., Teter C., Sherer R. A high tolerance towards domestic violence was observed. Inter-ventions to improve the income & stability of families must address the acceptance of domestic violence and support viable alternative strategies for women. |
| TuPe5.6P03 | IMPACT OF MTCT-PLUS ON PMTCT, AND SURVIVAL OF HIV+ PREGNANT WOMEN (HIV+PW) AND INFANTS AT GHESKIO VCT CENTER IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P03) Deschamps M.1, Brignoli E.2, Noel F.1, Bonhomme J.1, Cassagnol R.1, Horwitz R.3, Morinville L.1, Marcelin A.1, Theodore H.1, Pape J.W.4 AZT/formula decreased MTCT rate. NVP had no impact. To be effective for PMTCT and survival in AIDS patients, HAART, should be provided for at least 2 months. Survival of children had direct correlation with that of mothers. |
| TuPe5.6P04 | PILOT OPERATIONAL RESEARCH AND COMMUNITY BASED PROJECT:PMTCT PLUS[PORECO]:MBABANE, SWAZILAND. ACHIEVING THE GOLD STANDARD OF MTCT PLUS IN A RESOURCE LIMITED SETTING IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P04) Mahaliyana-Dissanayake P.1, Hallissey M.2 Initial data on PMTCT in Mbabane Swaziland are encouraging and indicate that a holistic approach to patient management can provide results comparable to those in settings with no resource limitations. |
| TuPe5.6P05 | HOW CULTURAL EXPECTATIONS IMPACT ON HIV SEROPOSITIVE MOTHERS IN SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P05) Mosala T.I.1, Airhihenbuwa C.2, Shisana O.1 In conclusion, the study recommends that more research is needed to reduce stigma & discrimination of HIV especially on women in general and to address positive practices that may strengthen and negative cultural practices that disadvantages and disempower women. |
| TuPe5.6P06 | PUERPERAL MORBIDITY RELATED TO HIV INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P06) Amedee Peret F.1, Andrade Pinto J.2, de Melo V.H.2, L.P.Aguiar R.A.2, Braga de Paula L.3 HIV-infected women have risk to develop endometritis in puerperium than HIV-non-infected women. |
| TuPe5.6P07 | ASSOCIATION OF PRE-TERM BIRTH AND BIRTH WEIGHT WITH ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY DURING PREGNANCY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P07) Calvet G.A.1, Joao E.C.1, Menezes J.A.1, Cruz M.L.S.1, Salgado L.A.T.1, D'Ippolito M.M.2, Paladino C.G.2, Bazin G.R.1, Santos E.M.1, Braga R.C.C.3, Cunha C.B.1 Although PI-containing ARV regimens have been used in a small proportion of pregnant women in this cohort, there seems to be an association of such regimens and lower birth weight as well as prematurity. |
| TuPe5.6P08 | GENETIC DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION OF THE HIV-1 ENV GENE DURING PREGNANCY AND BETWEEN CONSECUTIVE PREGNANCIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P08) Akouamba B.S.1, Merindol N.1, Samson J.2, Lapointe N.3, Boucher M.3, Soudeyns H.1 These results illustrate the dynamics of HIV-1 env gene evolution during pregnancy and underline the influence of selective pressures exerted on env gene sequence by host immune responses and as a result of initiation or intensification of antiretroviral treatment. |
| TuPe5.6P09 | EXPOSURE TO HAART IN HIV INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN (PW) IN ARGENTINA: PRELIMINARY DATA ON SAFETY AND EFFICACY WITHIN A POPULATION BASED STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P09) Ceriotto M.1, Rolón M.J.2, Warley E.3, Corazza R.4, Natiello M.5, Mayoral C.3, Cahn P.2, Zala C.2 Implementation of HAART is feasible in PW a RLS. Our results show a reasonable safety and efficacy profile of HAART in PW, regardless the use of NVP or PI based regimens. Longer follow up studies are needed to confirm this observations. |
| TuPe5.6P10 | COST EVALUATION OF PMTCT PLUS PROGRAMMES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P10) Karcher H.1, Kunz A.1, Mbezi P.2, Odera J.3, Mugenyi K.4, Harms G.1 Set up costs highly depended on the available infrastructure. Running costs for ART differed due to availability of ARVs before the introduction of generic fixed combinations and duration of ART with increasing proportions of second line treatment. |
| TuPe5.6P11 | LOW RATE OF MATERNAL TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN A COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT PROGRAM IN RURAL HAITI IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P11) Ivers L.C.1, Mann J.2, Jerome J.G.3, Salazar J.J.2, Caldas A.4, Leandre F.3, Raymonville M.3, Smith Fawzi M.C.5, Mukherjee J.S.1 Partners In Health/Zanmi Lasante offers prenatal and obstetrical care as well as comprehensive treatment for HIV infection to all women presenting for care at our facilities in Haiti's Central Department. This approach is more aggressive than the standard prevention of MTCT program in the developing world which is reflected in the low transmission rate of HIV among the infants in this study. |
| TuPe5.6P12 | THE AMRO STUDY ON THE USE OF HAART IN HIV-1 INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe5.6P12) Boer K.1, Nellen J.F.1, Patel D.2, Tempelman C.3, Timmermans S.3, Wibaut M.1, van der Ende M.E.3, Godfried M.H.1 HIV-1 are twice as likely to deliver prematurely than CON. No significant differences in BW were found. Premature delivery is associated with HAART use in the first trimester and might be due to iatrogenic or HIV-environmental influences. |
| TuPe6.1 New antiretroviral targets and compounds |
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| TuPe6.1B01 | OXADIAZOLS: A NEW CLASS OF RATIONALLY DESIGNED ANTI-HIV COMPOUNDS TARGETING NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION SIGNAL OF THE VIRAL MATRIX PROTEIN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B01) Haffar O.1, Dubrovsky L.2, Bukrinsky M.2 Compounds inhibiting HIV nuclear import are attractive additions to multidrug cocktails. Oxadiazols may be good candidates for further development. |
| TuPe6.1B02 | RATIONAL DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF ANTI-HIV DRUGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B02) Jorgensen W., Ruiz-Caro J., Tirado-Rives J. Computational methodology coupled with synthesis and cell-based assaying has been applied successfully to the design of next generation NNRTIs. |
| TuPe6.1B03 | LOWERED FITNESS FOR REPLICATION OF HIV-1 IN PRESENCE OF INCREASING CONCENTRATIONS OF SYNTHETIC COMPLEXES OF LANTHANIDES WITH 4-HYDROXYCOUMARINS IN CELL CULTURE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B03) Raleva S.1, Genova P.1, Dundarova D.1, Froloshka L.1, Kostova I.2, Manolov I.2, Argirova R.1 To clarify the precise target and mechanism of anti-HIV action of lanthanide-4hc complexes HIV-1 variants with lowered fitness for replication were isolated – a subject of further characterization. |
| TuPe6.1B04 | THE DITERPENE TRIOL INHIBITS HIV-1 INFECTION MEDIATED BY PRIMARY ISOLATES WITH DISTINCT CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR USAGE. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B04) Cirne-Santos C.C.1, Teixeira V.L.2, Barreto-de-Souza V.1, Castello-Branco L.R.1, Frugulhetti I.C.P.P.2, Bou-Habib D.C.1 Our results warrant further investigations on Triol pharmacokinetics and suggest that Triol could be considered as a potential compound for HIV-1 therapy. |
| TuPe6.1B05 | TARGETING LATENT RESERVOIRS OF HIV BY NOVEL COMBINATION THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B05) Hamer D., Hu S., McHugh L., Lueders K. Our results show that activation of latent virus is required for targeting by antiviral agents and provide the basis for a therapeutic strategy to decrease or eradicate the latent reservoir. |
| TuPe6.1B06 | INHIBITION OF HIV-1 REPLICATION BY CAFFEINE AND CAFFEINE-RELATED METHYLXANTHINES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B06) Nunnari G., Argyris E., Fang J., Mehlman K., Pomerantz R., Daniel R. These data reveal the feasibility of therapeutic approaches targeting host cell proteins and further support the hypothesis that ATR and ATM proteins are involved in retroviral DNA integration. |
| TuPe6.1B07 | TRANSCRIPTIONAL GENE SILENCING OF HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B07) Weinberg M.1, Arbuthnot P.1, Ehsani A.2, Rossi J.2, Morris K.2 The suppressive characteristics of different types of siRNA expression cassettes mediating TGS will be discussed as a novel therapeutic approach to HIV-1 infection. Moreover, we outline the differences in the expression and mobilization potential of the crHIV-2 versus sinHIV-2 vectors in the presence of viral infection. |
| TuPe6.1B08 | A PLANT DERIVED GALLOTANNIN INHIBITS HIV-1 INTEGRASE 3'-END PROCESSING ACTIVITY IN-VITRO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B08) Bessong P.1, Andreola M.-L.2, Obi L.3, Rojas L.4, Pouysegu L.4, Guideau S.4 Plants may serve as alternative sources for the identification of molecules capable of arresting HIV-1replication. Further analysis is required to determine the specificity and mode of action of the anti-HIV-1 integrase compound identified in this study. |
| TuPe6.1B09 | INHIBITION OF HIV-1 BY HYBRID TRNA-SHRNA CONSTRUCTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B09) Kim D., Soifer H., Scherer L., Rossi J. Our results indicate the potential utility of our constructs for future therapeutic applications. A Phase I clinical trial is in the works for later this year at the City of Hope that will gauge the efficacy of shRNAs targeting HIV tat and rev transcripts in AIDS-related lymphoma patients undergoing bone-marrow transplantation. Extensive research has been done in our lab and at the City of Hope on RNAi-based HIV inhibition and stem cell therapy, respectively, and this work aims to develop safe and effective alternatives to HAART for HIV-infected individuals. |
| TuPe6.1B10 | EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY OF STATINS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B10) Moncunill G.1, Negredo E.1, Vilarrasa J.2, Clotet B.1, Esté J.A.1 According to standard cell culture testing, the anti-HIV activity of statins may be easily confounded by their cytotoxicity. We were unable to detect an antiviral effect in HIV+ individuals after 8 weeks of treatment. Our results caution on the use of statins as antiretroviral agents. |
| TuPe6.1B11 | EVALUATION OF NEVIRAPINE PERMEABILITY AND RETENTION IN HIV-1 CELL FREE AND BUDDED VIRIONS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B11) Costa L., Aguiar R., Pereira H., Brindeiro R., Tanuri A. These data suggest that NVP penetrates the HIV-1 membrane envelope inactivating the virus. However, the characteristics of NVP inhibition such as lower permeability in cell free virus and exclusion of nascent virus during the budding, reduces the efficacy of NVP in microbicides strategies. |
| TuPe6.1B12 | STATINS CAN MODULATE CCR5 AND CC-CHEMOKINE EXPRESSION LEVELS AND PREFERENTIALLY REDUCE HIV-1 R5 INFECTION OF CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B12) De Baar M.P.1, Nabatov A.2, Pollakis G.2, Paxton W.A.2 Statin treatment of enriched CD4+ T lymphocytes can differentially modulate infection with an R5 but not an X4 strain of HIV-1. This down-regulation of infection is associated with lowered cell surface expression levels of CCR5 and a heightened secretion of RANTES. Neither CCR5 nor RANTES mRNA expression levels were modulated by statin treatment. These results suggest that statin therapy aimed at lowering viral loads may be more beneficial in patients infected with R5 strains and may also be beneficial in modulating HIV-1 specific immune responses. |
| TuPe6.1B13 | 873140 EXHIBITS POTENT ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AGAINST A BROAD PANEL OF HIV-1 ENVELOPES FROM TREATMENT NAÏVE AND EXPERIENCED SUBJECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B13) Demarest J.1, Bonny T.1, Vavro C.1, LaBranche C.1, Kitrinos K.1, McDanal C.1, Sparks S.1, Whitcomb J.2, Huang W.2, Petropoulos C.2, Piscitelli S.1 873140 demonstrated anti-HIV activity against a broad array of HIV-1 envelopes from both naïve and experienced subjects. The CCR5-using components of R5X4-tropic envelopes were susceptible to 873140 in this assay using a CD4+ cell line that only expresses CCR5. Plasma concentrations of 873140 achieved in clinical studies exceed the IC50 values observed in this assay by several fold, suggesting that 873140 should provide antiviral activity in HIV-1 infected individuals. |
| TuPe6.1B14 | STAMPIDINE EXHIBITS POTENT ANTIRETROVIRAL ACTIVITY IN CHRONICALLY FIV-INFECTED CATS AT NONTOXIC DOSE LEVELS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B14) Uckun F., Venkatachalam T., Tibbles H., Erbeck D. STAMP showed anti-retroviral activity in chronically FIV-infected cats at nontoxic dose levels. A Phase I/II study has been designed to examine its anti-HIV activity in therapy-naïve HIV-infected patients as well as patients with NRTI-resistant HIV who have failed HAART. |
| TuPe6.1B15 | FIGHTING VIRUS WITH VIRUS: INTRACELLULAR IMMUNIZATION WITH H. SAIMIRI-ENCODED TIP INHIBITS THE FUNCTIONS OF HIV-1 TAT. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B15) Raymond A.1, Hasham M.1, Tsygankov A.1, Henderson E.2 Together these studies suggest that H. saimiri Tip is an antiviral gene that restricts HIV in infection on transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Additionally, the transcriptional restriction appears to be Lck independent while the post-transcriptional control is Lck dependent. |
| TuPe6.1B16 | ANTI-HIV-1 ACTIVITY OF A FOSCARNET ANALOGUE, SYNERGY WITH ZIDOVUDINE AND ANALYSIS OF RESISTANCE VARIANTS SELECTED IN VITRO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe6.1B16) Waninger S., Ramos S., Robbins J. Results of efficacy studies indicate high antiviral activity against several complex NRTI and NNRTI resistant strains. Synergy results suggest that the dosage of thiovir may be decreased allowing for suitable drug regimens combining thiovir with an NRTI. Potent HIV-1 inhibition activity combined with increased bioavailability and strong synergistic behavior with zidovudine make thiovir a promising candidate for a therapeutic. |
| TuPe7.1C Tuberculosis |
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| TuPe7.1C01 | INFECTION WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AND INTESTINAL PARASITES IN TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS AND THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV INFECTED AND UNINFECTED PATIENTS IN GONDAR, ETHIOPIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C01) Kassu A.1, Ayele B.2, Diro E.2, Mekonnen F.2, Mengistu G.3, Ketema D.2, Moges F.2, Aseffa A.4, Wondmikun Y.2, Ota F.1 The prevalence of intestinal parasitoses and HIV was very high in TB patients. This indicates an increased morbidity and highlights the importance of continued HIV sero-surveillance, stool analysis and treatment of intestinal parasites in patients with TB. Incorporating all TB patients in voluntary counseling and testing for HIV is recommended as a possible point of intervention. |
| TuPe7.1C02 | EVALUATION OF ESAT-6 & CFP-10 – SPECIFIC T LYMPHOCYTES IN CO-INFECTED WITH HIV-1 AND M. TUBERCULOSIS BULGARIAN PATIENTS DURING SPECIFIC ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C02) Markova R.1, Drenska R.1, Terzieva V.1, Todorova Y.1, Elenkov I.2, Yankova M.2, Yankova M.2, Kostov K.2, Stefanova D.3 On the basis of our data obtained even from a small number of patients we conclude that the in vitro ELISPOT and ELISA assays are useful tools in monitoring the efficacy of antituberculosis therapy especially in HIV/MTB patients. |
| TuPe7.1C03 | EMERGING TUBERCULOSIS IN ITALY: WHAT RELATIONSHIP WITH HIV DISEASE? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C03) Manfredi R., Sabbatani S., Chiodo F. Physician awareness of TB should be improved, especially when high-risk p are of concern (like HIV-infected p), to obtain a rapid diagnosis and cure, and reduce transmission. The epidemiologic-clinical features of our TB p, show a notably distinct disease pattern between Italian and immigrant p, but we cannot exclude that the spread of TB, the continued immigration, and growing predisposing conditions in the general population, may lead to a further increase of diagnoses, especially towards extreme life ages. Surveillance and preventive strategies of screening, diagnosis, therapy, and control of TB need a prompt update, to avoid its spread, due to the merging of risk factors of immigrants, which is expected to represent a health care threaten in inner cities, where the progressive integration of immigrants may meet exposed and vulnerable natives, including HIV-infected p. |
| TuPe7.1C04 | CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUBERCULOSIS IN AIDS PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C04) Solari R., De Carolis L., Corti M. CNS-TBC is a severe complication of advanced HIV/AIDS disease; we want to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis followed by specific therapy. |
| TuPe7.1C05 | IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION SYNDROME IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN WITH TUBERCULOSIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C05) Petdachai W.1, Wilson D.2 IRS is an inflammatory response to treatment that results in substantial morbidity and mortality, it is important for clinicians to recognize it and provide proper management. Opportunistic infections should be treated before the start of ART to avoid IRS. |
| TuPe7.1C06 | OPERATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF TUBERCULIN SCREENING AND TREATMENT OF LATENT TB IN A VCT UNIT. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C06) Birungi J. Tuberculin screening is feasible and populations at risk can be accessed at HIV testing centers. Monitoring, supervision, involvement of other CSOs and HIV care services are needed so that referrals can be made for other services including ART. |
| TuPe7.1C07 | CLINICAL PROFILE OF DISSEMINATED TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV AND NON HIV PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C07) Poreddy S.K., Shantaram V., Satyanarayana Raju Y.S., Srinivasan V.R. Disease favours younger generation as HIV patients are at rise. early initiation of treatment can improve the morbidity and mortality with improved survival rates(93.5%) at hospital discharge in both groups. |
| TuPe7.1C08 | PREVALENCE OF HIV AND TUBERCULOSIS IN RUSSIAN PRISONERS, SAMARA REGION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C08) Balabanova Y.1, Ruddy M.2, Melentyev A.3, Fedorin I.1, Drobniewski F.2 Drug use and imprisonment are important risk factors for the spread of HIV and TB. The co-infection with HIV and TB, especially MDRTB is becoming a deadly combination. Novel strategies are needed to reduce the spread of blood borne diseases particularly in IVDUs and prevent infection of TB among HIV-positive individuals. Prisons should be one of the main sites for HIV harm reduction activities including needle-exchange, condoms provision. Improvement of treatment adherence is essential to prevent resistance to TB and antiretroviral drugs. |
| TuPe7.1C09 | EVALUATION OF AN ESAT-6 AND CFP-10 BASED WHOLE BLOOD IFN-γ ASSAY (QUANTIFERON-TB GOLD) FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS AMONG TANZANIAN PATIENTS CO-INFECTED WITH HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C09) Seshadri C.1, Uiso L.O.2, Diefenthal H.3, Asmuth D.A.4, Crump J.A.1, Thielman N.M.1, Bartlett J.A.1 The presence of HIV co-infection was associated with a significant reduction in sensitivity of both the TST and QFTG suggesting both are similarly limited by immune compromise. The high proportion of indeterminate QFTG and lack of sensitivity, particularly among HIV infected patients, may limit its applicability in settings like Tanzania. Larger studies in resource-poor areas with high rates of co-infection are required. |
| TuPe7.1C10 | CONCURRENT PCP AND TB IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C10) Castro J.G.1, Manzi G.2, Espinoza L.1, Campos M.1 Newly diagnosed, concurrent TB and PCP in HIV infected patients was uncommon in this retrospective review in Florida, US. All cases had advanced HIV infection. A need for a prospective study in this area is apparent. |
| TuPe7.1C11 | TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS IN HIV-INFECTED AND NON-INFECTED PATIENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C11) Ambrosioni Czyrko J.C.E., Cecchini D., Brezzo C., Corti M., Rybko A., Ambroggi M. In our study tuberculous meningitis had higher mortality rate among HIV infected patients, what could be related with the higher frequency of multirresistant strains, and the lack of inflammatory response in CSF in this group of patients. |
| TuPe7.1C12 | PATHOLOGY OF SPLEEN IN AIDS: AN AUTOPSY STUDY FROM MUMBAI, INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C12) Lanjewar D., Gupta S. We conclude that AIDS patients have high prevalence of underline splenic abnormalities. Opportunistic infections were commonly associated with lymphoid depletion in white pulp. Our results suggest that splenic tuberculosis is more common in the syndrome than previously recognized. |
| TuPe7.1C13 | CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS IN RESOURCE LIMITED SETTINGS IN KARNATAKA, INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C13) Rajendraprasad S.1, Balasubramanya M.1, Chang H.2 Tuberculosis is one of the commonest opportunistic infections seen among HIV positive patients and active TB is common in Karnataka, India. Sputum negative pulmonary TB is the commonest presentation. Among patients with extra-pulmonary TB, both pleural effusion and tuberculous lymphadenitis were common. These findings confirm the assumption that active TB screening in the new HIV clinic population would have significant yield and would facilitate improved treatment plans. |
| TuPe7.1C14 | TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS WITH AND WITHOUT IMMUNOLODEFICIENCY SECONDARY TO CLAD C HIV INFECTION: A PROSPECTIVE CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY FROM INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C14) Satishchandra, P., Kaware K., Nalini A., Anita M., Anitha D., Ravi V., Jayakumar P.N., Chandramukhi A., Shakar S.K. Presence of disseminated tuberculosis, higher ESR, low CD4 count and neuroimaging features described above gives clue to the diagnosis of TBM associated with retroviral infection. |
| TuPe7.1C15 | DEVELOPMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS TREATED WITH HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C15) Martín-Echevarría E., Casado J.L., Navas E., Dronda F., Antela A., Pérez-Elías M.J., Moreno A., Moreno S. The incidence of TB remains relatively high in patients treated with HAART, although it is lower than reported in the pre-HAART era. The higher risk observed in persons with a positive tuberculin skin test reinforces the recommendations of TST testing all HIV infected individuals, and of administering treatment of latent TB infection to all patients with a positive test regardless the administration of HAART. |
| TuPe7.1C16 | LATENT VARIABLE ASSESSMENT OF OUTCOMES IN A NURSE-MANAGED INTERVENTION TO INCREASE LATENT TB TREATMENT COMPLETION IN HOMELESS ADULTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C16) Nyamathi A.1, Stein J.1, Schumann A.2, Tyler D.1 Future studies need to assess the efficacy of differing levels of program delivery for populations experiencing varied challenges to treatment completion. |
| TuPe7.1C17 | SEROLOGIC TEST FOR TB: EVALUATION OF THE GLUTARALDEHYDE TEST IN HUMANS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C17) Garbati M.1, Danburam A.2 The glutaraldehyde test which has hitherto not enjoyed widespread use has appeared to be of value in the diagnosis of sputum smear positive TB in this environment. However, a larger study on smear negative disease should be conducted so that its applicability could be widened. |
| TuPe7.1C18 | SPECTRUM OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS AMONG HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS AT AN HOSPITAL IN KOREA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C18) Lee S.-H., Park J.-Y., Jung J.-S., Cho K.-J. Candidiasis was the most frequent OIs in the HIV-infected patients studied. The most common OIs in patients who presented at emergency room was tuberculosis. |
| TuPe7.1C19 | PATIENT AND PROVIDER PERSPECTIVES ON IMPROVING ACCESS TO HIV TESTING AND COUNSELING FOR TB PATIENTS IN KINSHASA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C19) Corneli A.1, Jarrett N.1, Tabala M.2, Kimpenga P.2, Sabue M.2, Vaz L.1, Mbulula M.L.3, Bahati E.3, Behets F.1, Van Rie A.1 Provider-initiated routine HIV C&T for TB patients is supported by both TB patients and TB nurses in Kinshasa. HIV status can be documented in the TB register for monitoring purposes and in clinic records to ensure quality of care for co-infected patients. |
| TuPe7.1C20 | OUTCOME OF TREATMENT OF TB/HIV PATIENTS IN IRAN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C20) Tabarsi P., Mirsaeidi S.M., Amiri M., Mansouri S.D., Masjedi M.R., Velayati A.A. Cure rate in our center was acceptable despite of advanced immuno deficiency of patients but MDR- TB is emerging as a major problem in TB/HIV patients. |
| TuPe7.1C21 | DETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID BY MOLECULAR METHODS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C21) Troncoso A., Gulotta H., Benetucci J., Garberi J. These preliminary results strongly suggest that the TB2 assay yields excellent predictive positive and negative values for diagnosis of tuberculosis encephalitis. More over, it is also suggested by the accuracy shown by these results that they might be helpful to exclude TB from infections caused by non-tuberculosis pathogens. |
| TuPe7.1C22 | HEPATOCELLULAR TOXICITY IN PATIENTS WITH HIV/TB CO-INFECTION RECEIVING RIFAMPICIN IN COMBINATION WITH SAQUINAVIR AND RITONAVIR IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C22) Duran A., Lourtau L., Toibaro J., Lopez Casanello A., Losso M. In this small subset of patients, the combination of SQV/r plus antituberculous treatment including rifampin was effective and well tolerated, when the ARV regimen was started after the induction phase. Liver toxicity requires treatment discontinuation in one patient. More data about safety of this combination is needed before establish definite recommendation. |
| TuPe7.1C23 | USE OF PCR FOR RAPID DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOUS LYMPHADENITIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C23) Troncoso A., Palmero S., Videla J., Benetucci J., Gulotta H. We concluded that Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA nested PCR assays using the remainder of FNAC is comparable with other routine diagnostic methods, but has a variety of advantages over then: it's much more highly sensitive and specific, provides results more promptly than culturing, is a very useful tool for effective clinical diagnostic approach of TL and its clinical application could reduce the necessity for open biopsy. |
| TuPe7.1C24 | INITIATING AND PROVIDING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY FOR HIV/TB COINFECTED PATIENTS IN A RURAL TUBERCULOSIS DIRECTLY OBSERVED THERAPY PROGRAM IN SOUTH AFRICA: THE SIZONQOBA STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C24) Gandhi N.R.1, Moll A.2, Pawinski R.3, Jack C.4, Lalloo U.3, Friedland G.5 Existing TB DOTS strategy provides a logical infrastructure to introduce ART into rural resource-poor settings. In this demonstration project, integration of TB and HIV treatment has resulted in increased access to ART and favorable therapeutic outcomes for both HIV and TB. This integrated strategy may be effective for initiating ART in other high prevalence TB and HIV settings where TB DOTS infrastructures already exist. |
| TuPe7.1C25 | THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C25) Saranchuk P.1, Coetzee D.2, Hilderbrand K.1, Boulle A.2, Goemaere E.1 The "Smear-negative" protocol allows for earlier initiation of TB treatment in HIV-infected patients presenting with symptoms of TB in a high TB prevalence setting. |
| TuPe7.1C26 | RIFABUTIN VERSUS RIFAMPIN IN THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C26) Vargas A., De Wit S., Poll B., Clumeck N. Clinical outcome of TB was comparable in rifabutin and rifampin patients. Patients on rifabutin tended to be treated earlier and showed a similar response to HAART compared to rifampin patients, despite higher viral load at baseline. |
| TuPe7.1C27 | HIGH RATES OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) BUT NOT HIV CO-INFECTION AMONG PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS IN THE REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C27) Richards D.1, Parris J.1, Mikiashvili T.1, Shubladze N.2, Kourbatova E.3, Tertsvadze T.4, Khechinashvili G.5, del Rio C.1, Blumberg H.1 HCV infection was common among those with TB occurring in nearly one-fourth of patients in Georgia while HIV co-infection was uncommon. A prior history of incarceration and receiving a tattoo, a common practice among inmates in Georgian and former Soviet republic correctional facilities, were important risk factors associated with HCV infection. Further studies will be needed to assess the impact of the high prevalence of HCV co-infection on outcomes of treatment for TB including tolerability of antituberculosis drugs and drug-induced hepatotoxicty. |
| TuPe7.1C28 | MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS STRAINS WITHIN A SOUTH AFRICAN HIGH HIV PREVALENCE COMMUNITY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C28) Middelkoop K.1, Whitelaw A.2, Ntutela S.2, Vogt M.1, Kreiswirth B.3, Wood R.1, Bekker L.-G.1 Early data shows that W-Beijing family and CC-related strains are predominant in the community. W-Beijing family is more common in younger, HIV positive patients. This association suggests that these strains may be more transmissible in the HIV population. In light of the proposed association between the W-Beijing family and drug resistance this finding has potentially serious implications. |
| TuPe7.1C29 | FIFTEEN YEARS OF TUBERCULOSIS (TB) AND HIV IN A GENERAL HOSPITAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.1C29) Perez H., Ben G., Urban R., Germani L., Pilheu S., Laufer N., Maldonado P., Cahn P., Kaufman S. Clinical presentation of TB in HIV- patients remain unchanged during this 15 years period. Of note, PTB in HIV + patients has increased, with proportional decrease of DTB. In our series 2/3 of HIV + cases had positive sputum. These data, together with the high level of drug resistance raises concerns regarding the risk of MDRTB transmission, even in the HAART era. |
| TuPe7.2C Mycobacterial diseases other than tuberculosis |
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| TuPe7.2C01 | MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF NON-TUBERCULAR MYCOBACTERIAL IN INDIAN AIDS PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.2C01) Kaur M.1, Shahdad S.1, Sharma P.2, Singh S.1 Combination of genus specific PCR primers with our ESAT-6 primer set could provide accurate and rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. |
| TuPe7.3C Parasitic diseases including malaria |
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| TuPe7.3C01 | INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ISOSPORA BELLI INFECTIONS (IBI) IN THE ERA OF HAART. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.3C01) Furco A.1, Guiguet M.2, Tattevin P.3, Costagliola D.2, Molina J.-M.1 IBI still occurs in the post-HAART era and should be considered as a cause of diarrhea especially in patient from Sub-Saharian Africa. |
| TuPe7.3C02 | INCIDENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII (TG) SEROCONVERSION IN HIV-INFECTED TG-SERONEGATIVE ADULTS IN ABIDJAN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.3C02) Inwoley A.K.1, Seyler C.2, Monney C.1, Touré S.3, Gabillard D.2, Rouet F.1, Messou E.3, Ménan H.1, Anglaret X.2 The prevalence of TG seropositivity in HIV-infected adults was higher than in most South-African or East-African countries. The rate of TG seroconversion in seronegative patients was high, including in patients receiving cotrimoxazole. |
| TuPe7.3C03 | SHORT COURSE OF TREATMENT WITH NITAZOXANIDE FOR INTESTINAL COCCIDIA INFECTIONS: AN OPEN LABEL STUDY. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.3C03) Porras-Cortés G.1, Martínez-Rojas C.2 Short course of treatment with nitazoxanide is useful in the management of diarrhea caused by coccidia infections in people living with HIV/AIDS. |
| TuPe7.3C04 | DISCONTINUATION OF MAINTENANCE THERAPY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS (CM) AND CEREBRAL TOXOPLASMOSIS (CT) IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS TREATED WITH HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.3C04) Castro P., Abusamra L., Perez C., Guelfand L., Perez H., Cahn P. Maintenance therapy for CM and CT can be safely discontinued in patients receiving HAART with good immune recovery. |
| TuPe7.4C Fungal diseases |
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| TuPe7.4C01 | PHARYNGEOUS WART LIKE LESION AS THE PRESENTING CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF DISSEMINATED CRYPTOCOCCOSIS IN A PATIENT WITH AIDS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.4C01) Metta H.A., Corti M., Oliva S.M., Schtirbu R., Negroni R. The present would be the first case of pharyngeal cryptococcosis as the presenting manifestation of disseminated disease in an AIDS patient. Diagnosis was achieved through a biopsy of a pharyngeal wart like lesion. |
| TuPe7.4C02 | DETECTION OF PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII PROTEASOME AND ACTIVITY MODULATION EXERTED BY LOPINAVIR (LPV) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.4C02) Atzori C.1, Tronconi E.1, Rinaudo M.T.2, Piccinini M.2, Anselmino A.2, Valerio A.1, Cargnel A.1 We describe the first detection of Pc proteasomes, a new pharmacological target for developing new drug for PCP. Proteasome activity was modulated by LPV, indicating drug-aspecific activity against this eukaryotic cell particles. These findings support the results obtained in our Pc in vitro model showing that PIs modulate microrganism proliferation. |
| TuPe7.4C03 | HISTOPLASMOSIS CAPSULATUM INFECTION IN UGANDA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.4C03) Mwebaze-Songa P.1, Semitala F.C.2, Lutwama F.1, Colebunders R.1, Katabira E.1 Histoplasma infection probably often remains undiagnosed in Africa because of limited knowledge about this infection, low index of suspicion and the absence of diagnostic tests. Access to simple cheap Histoplasma antigen tests would be an excellent tool for screening for Histoplasma infection in Africa. Histoplasmosis infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of all African AIDS patients presenting with unexplained fever, pulmonary infiltrates and skin/mucosal lesions. The efficacy of high dose fluconazole to treat this infection needs further investigation. |
| TuPe7.4C04 | PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN HIV POSITIVE AND HIV NEGATIVE PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.4C04) Morejón K., Martinez R., Machado A. Differently from what happens to patients with preserved cellular immunity, the immunodepressive HIV-1 patients present a disease with disseminated characteristics, with the humour response also harmed, but generally benefiting from the anti-fungus treatment. |
| TuPe7.4C05 | ACUTE MENINGITIS IN HIV-1 HORIZONTALLY INFECTED CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.4C05) Dumitrescu F.1, Cupsa A.1, Poajga T.2, Giubelan L.1 AM prevalence in HIV infected children and adolescents has been around 10% in our study; even in the presence of effective antiretroviral and etiopathogenic treatment, rate of mortality AM has been high. |
| TuPe7.4C06 | DISCONTINUATION OF SECONDARY PROPHYLAXIS FOR DISSEMINATED HISTOPLASMOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS RESPONDING TO HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.4C06) Abusamra L., Distefano C., Castro P., Guelfand L., Perez H., Cahn P. Discontinuation of maintenance therapy for disseminated histoplasmosis resulted safe in our series of patients responding to HAART, with appropriate CD4 recovery. |
| TuPe7.4C07 | OESOPHAGEAL CANDIDIASIS (OC) IN HIV POSITIVE AND HIV NEGATIVE PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.4C07) Olmos M., Perez H., Concetti H., Guelfand L., Cahn P. In HIV negative patients OC is infrequent. In HIV + patients with upper GI tract symptoms, OC is still frequently diagnosed, more than one Candida strain may be present and resistance to fluconazole, albeit infrequent has to be considered. |
| TuPe7.4C08 | SPOROTRICHOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS - REPORT OF SIX CASES WITH UNUSUAL CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS FOLLOWED AT IPEC/FIOCRUZ, RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.4C08) Barros M.B.L.1, Hoagland B.R.S.1, Galhardo M.C.G.1, Cortes E.M.2, Pacheco Schubach T.1, Schubach A.1 We report a broad spectrum of sporotrichosis presentation in HIV-infected patients. Depending on the CD4 cells count we can treat the mycosis even with the minimal dose of itraconazole as with high dosage of amphotericin B.Our results do not support the literature reports that suggest HIV infection is always associated with poor evolution and prognosis of sporotrichosis. |
| TuPe7.5C Bacterial diseases |
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| TuPe7.5C01 | CHRONIC LEG ULCERS AS FEATURES OF END STAGE HIV DISEASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.5C01) Kwalombota K., Kusweje V. Polymicrobial chronic leg ulcers could be a feature of end stage HIV disease. Further work needs to be done to elucidate the pathogenesis and treatment regimen in this opportunistic manifestation of HIV. |
| TuPe7.5C02 | TREATMENT RECOMMENDATION AND EVALUATION OF PATHOGENIC CONTRIBUTION OF SHIGELLA SPECIES TO DIARRHEAL EPISODES AMONG HIV-SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.5C02) Iwalokun B.1, Ogunledun A.2, Uwah A.3, Coker C.4 Shigella contributes to diarrhea in HIV-seropositive patients in Nigeria with increased risk in those with low CD4 lymphocyte count but with a high possibility of preventing recurrent diarrhea using fluoroquinolones combined with effective ARV regimens. |
| TuPe7.5C03 | SYPHILIS, THE "GREAT IMITATOR" IN THE SETTING OF HIV DISEASE. ISOLATED, CONCURRENT ACUTE HEPATITIS AND MENINGITIS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.5C03) Manfredi R., Sabbatani S., Attard L., Chiodo F. Our report looks unique from an epidemiologic,diagnostic,clinical,and therapeutic point of view.The occurrence of isolated,concurrent,and predominant acute involvement of liver and CNS as the sole clues of an underlying missed syphilis seems an exceedingly rare finding, since no similar episodes were described to date. Excluding coincidental liver and/or CNS disorders is a major concern,especially in HIV-infected patients who are at increased risk of viral hepatitis,opportunism,and drug toxicity.Although representing a rare occurrence,this report underlines that the attention against STD is progressively declining. Improved information and targeted educational programs are warranted as public health priorities, to avoid missed or delayed syphilis recognition. |
| TuPe7.5C04 | OCCURRENCE OF MRSA SKIN INFECTIONS IS NOT RELATED TO THE PATIENTS' CD4 OR HIV-RNA STATUS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.5C04) Khanlou H., Farthing C., Hamwi G., Orona M. This data suggests that the occurrence of MRSA is not related to the underlying immune function nor HIV-RNA but rather to the fact that most of these infections are transmitted by close skin-to-skin, skin-to-abrasions contacts and lack of corporal hygiene. Interestingly, the incidence of tetracycline drug resistance has been increasing, making the treatment of these infections a real challenge. |
| TuPe7.5C05 | PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE (PD) IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS: VACCINATION AN UNRESOLVED ISSUE. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.5C05) Guardiola J., Matas L., Lacal A., Mateo M., Herrera S., Pericas R., Cadafalch J., Domingo P. Prevalence of S. pneumoniae in our HIV population was 4.9%. Less than half of patients had been vaccinated, mainly due to low CD4 count. Vaccination did not significantly modify CD4 or HIV RNA viral load. Pneumococcal disease developed in 57% previously vaccinated. |
| TuPe7.5C06 | GLOBAL TRENDS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS IN HAART ERA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.5C06) Guardiola J., Matas L., Herrera S., Mateo M., Lacal A., Pericas R., Sambeat M., Cadafalch J., Domingo P. Almost half the patients suffered one infection during the study period. The most frequent isolated microorganisms were E. coli and M. tuberculosis and S. aureus. The most frequently involved sites were blood, respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts. |
| TuPe7.6C CMV |
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| TuPe7.6C01 | LONG TERM OUTCOME OF DISCONTINUATION OF MAINTENANCE THERAPY FOR CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS (CMVR) IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WHO HAVE RESPONDED TO HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.6C01) Walmsley S.1, Shen S.1, Raboud J.1, Casciaro L.1, Mazzulli T.1, Gough K.1, Rachlis A.1, Hopkins J.1, Angel J.2 Only 1/23 pts who had responded to HAART and discontinued CMV maintenance therapy experienced reactivation after a median 34 months of follow-up. This was associated with a strong in vitro proliferative response to CMV Ag. Urine cultures have been positive in 12 pts without a reactivation and appear to be a poor predictor for relapse. |
| TuPe7.7C HHV-8 and Kaposi's sarcoma |
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| TuPe7.7C01 | AIDS ASSOCIATED KAPOSI'S SARCOMA IN SOUTH AFRICA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF 152 PATIENTS FROM KWAZULU NATAL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C01) Mosam A.1, Coovadia H.1, Cassol S.2, Page T.2, Cassol E.2, Bodasing U.3, Friedland G.4, Jordaan J.1, Scadden D.5, Dawood H.1, Aboobaker J.1, Lalloo U.1, Chetty R.6, Hurkchand H.7 KS is equally represented in women and men in South Africa and not significantly different clinically or by laboratory parameters. The relationship between clinical severity of KS and the degree of immunosuppression and viral load was not significant. The available data suggests that KS alone in the South African setting should not be considered an indication for institution of antiretroviral therapy and other clinical, immunologic and virologic parameters should still be employed. |
| TuPe7.7C02 | LOW LEVELS OF T CELL RESPONSES TO HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-8 (HHV-8) IN PATIENTS WITH KAPOSI'S SARCOMA (KS). IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C02) Guihot A.1, Dupin N.2, Marcelin A.-G.3, Gorin I.2, Calvez V.3, Autran B.1, Carcelain G.1 HIV-infected patients with KS have lower HHV-8 T cells than asymptomatic HHV-8 carriers, independently of their CD4 cell numbers. These results suggest that a specific defect of HHV-8 specific T cell responses is associated with KS during HIV infection. |
| TuPe7.7C03 | HODGKIN'S DISEASE IN THE ERA OF HAART – SINGLE INSTITUTION EXPERIENCE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C03) Bower M., Powles T., Thirlwell C., Young A.-M., Newsom-Davis T., Holmes P., Nelson M., Gazzard B. Even in the HAART era, patients with HD present with advanced stage disease, however the survival for these patients is improving with aggressive therapeutic strategies. |
| TuPe7.7C04 | PULMONARY KAPOSI SARCOMA IN ERA OF HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C04) Bower M., Newsom-Davis T., Dhillon T., Young A.-M., Powles T., Thirlwell C., Nelson M., Gazzard B. The median survival for pKS is 1.6 years in this cohort which compares favourably with quoted rates of 3-10 months from the pre-HAART era. However, the prognosis of pKS remains poor and is significantly worse than for KS without lung involvement. |
| TuPe7.7C05 | NO CARDIOTOXICITY OBSERVED WITH LOPISOMAL ANTHRACYCLINES FOR KAPOSI SARCOMA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C05) Bower M., Dhillon T., Young A.-M., Thirlwell C., Newsom-Davis T., Jones R., Nelson M., Gazzard B. We have observed no clinically significant episodes of cardiotoxicity amongst this cohort of patients despite high cumulative dosages of liposomal anthracyclines. |
| TuPe7.7C06 | HIV ASSOCIATED T-CELL NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C06) Bower M., Powles T., Dhillon T., Young A.-M., Thirlwell C., Newsom-Davis T., Nelson M., Gazzard B. There were no differences in immunological parameters or survival duration between patients with T-NHL and B-NHL. We suggest that aggressive T-NHL could be included as an AIDS defining malignancy along with high grade B-NHL. |
| TuPe7.7C07 | A PROGNOSTIC MODEL TO PREDICT SURVIVAL IN SYSTEMIC AIDS RELATED NO-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C07) Bower M., Young A.-M., Stebbing J., Dhillon T., Newsom-Davis T., Thirlwell C., Powles T., Mandalia S., Nelson M., Gazzard B. For patients with ARL in the era of HAART, an accurate prognostic score can be established by combining the IPI with CD4 count. As patients presenting with ARL and a low CD4 count have a poor prognosis, this can be used to guide therapeutic options. |
| TuPe7.7C08 | KAPOSI'S SARCOMA PROGRESSING DURING PREGNANCY – LACK OF SUPPRESSION BY HCG IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C08) Bower M., Thirlwell C., Waters L., Powles T., Nelson M., Gazzard B. We report two cases of KS presenting and progressing during pregnancy when hCG levels are extremely high. This contradicts two previously reported cases where spontaneous remissions of KS during pregnancy were observed. Moreover this observation contradicts the laboratory findings of KS response to hCG. |
| TuPe7.7C09 | CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF 12 CASES OF HIV ASSOCIATED MULTICENTRIC CASTLEMAN'S DISEASE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C09) Bower M., Dharmana H., Roy A., Young A.-M., Cox S., Nelson M., Gazzard B. The rather non-specific clinicopathological features at presentation may account for the prolonged duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis of MCD. |
| TuPe7.7C10 | IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME (IRIS) ASSOCIATED KAPOSI SARCOMA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C10) Bower M., Thirlwell C., Young A.-M., Newsom-Davis T., Dhillon T., Powles T., Mandalia S., Nelson M., Gazzard B. Patients with KS who start HAART may be at risk of IRIS progression of KS. |
| TuPe7.7C11 | DRAMATIC KAPOSI'S SARCOMA EXACERBATION IN HIV PATIENT RECEIVING BOTH HAART AND CHEMOTHERAPY IN POOR RURAL CONTEXT IN MALAWI, SOUTHERN AFRICA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C11) Hustache-Mathieu L.1, Seshadri C.2 Dramatic KS exacerbations in HIV patients receiving both HAART and chemotherapy obscures the clinical assessment of treatment failure and will be a challenge as access to treatment. |
| TuPe7.7C12 | TREATMENT OF KAPOSI'S SARCOMA IN A RESOURCE POOR SETTING: EXPERIENCE IN TETE, MOZAMBIQUE. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C12) De Schacht C.1, Samura F.S.2, Ngove T.3, Montañeh R.2, Brito F.J.3, Biot M.2, Huyst V.1, Lynen L.1 Combined chemotherapy and HAART to treat KS patients in a resource poor setting is feasible on an outpatient basis, and improves the patients' outcome. With the increased availability of antiretrovirals, we should not forget that HIV treatment programmes should also provide free chemotherapy for those patients that need it. |
| TuPe7.7C13 | KAPOSI'S SARCOMA: GENOMIC ABERRATIONS AND KSHV/HHV8 EXPRESSION DURING TUMOR DEVELOPMENT. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C13) Biberfeld P.1, Pyakurel P.1, Massambu C.2, Mwakigonja A.2, Heiden T.3, Castaños-Vélez E.3 A relatively large population of CD34+ tumor SC were LANA–, suggesting heterogeneity among SC for HHV8 infection or recruitment of non-infected SC to the lesions. The LANA+ SC appeared to have a proliferative advantage from the finding of a higher frequency of cycling LANA+ compared to LANA– SC. CGH analysis of AKS and EKS tumors showed mostly random chromosomal aberrations. Fewer chromosomal aberrations were observed in AKS compared to EKS, possibly indicating that chromosomal instability could be a more important factor for the development of EKS than for AKS, which may also be promoted by various cytokines and the compromised state of host immune response in HIV infection. |
| TuPe7.7C14 | PATTERN OF AIDS RELATED KAPOSI SARCOMA (AKS) IN JOS, NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.7C14) Agaba P.1, Idoko J.1, Agbaji O.1, Kanki P.2 Kaposi Sarcoma has emerged from being a rarity to being the most important neoplasm in many Sub- Saharan countries. AIDS related Kaposi sarcoma (AKS) was initially reported to be more prevalent n MSM than in heterosexual patients. The objective of this report is to describes the pattern of AKS in patients attending an ARV clinic in Jos, Nigeria. |
| TuPe7.8C Impact of opportunistic diseass on ARV treatment strategies |
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| TuPe7.8C01 | AN OPEN-LABEL STEADY STATE INVESTIGATION OF THE PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) OF TIPRANAVIR (TPV) AND RITONAVIR (RTV) AND THEIR EFFECTS ON CYTOCHROME P-450 (3A4) ACTIVITY IN NORMAL HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C01) Nwando O.1, Themba B.2 95 subjects had evaluable data through day 32. RTV 100- or 200-mg co-administration with TPV increased TPV plasma Cmax and AUC at least 4-fold, and Cmin at least 20-fold as compared with TPV monotherapy. All combinations but TPV 250/RTV 200 resulted in TPV Cmin of at least 20-ìM, 10X the protein-adjusted TPV IC50 for multiple PI-resistant HIV-1. Median TPV Cmin (in ìM) in the Presence of RTV 0-mg on Day 11 or RTV 100/200-mg on Day 32 Refer to Table. ERMBT activity was induced with all doses of TPV monotherapy. The addition of either 100- or 200-mg of RTV to all doses of TPV completely inhibited ERMBT activity, though RTV 200-mg was associated with more consistent inhibition. The following adverse events (AEs). |
| TuPe7.8C02 | CHANGING SCENARIO OF HIV DISEASE: THE INCREASE OF AIDS PRESENTERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C02) Manfredi R., Calza L., Chiodo F. Clinicians who face p at risk for opportunism should continue to consider advanced, but still undiagnosed AIDS in their differential diagnosis, in order to ensure prompt recognition and adequate management of p who did not take any benefit from HAART, due to a missed or neglected HIV disease. |
| TuPe7.8C03 | COMPLETE SUPPRESSION OF HIV VIRAL REPLICATION MAY IMPROVE RENAL OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH HIV-ASSOCIATED NEPHROPATHY (HIVAN) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C03) Siwani R.1, Post F.2, Donohoe P.3, Thuraisingham R.4, Baily G.4, Easterbrook P.2 HIVAN commonly presents with transient renal impairment. After initiation of HAART, the majority of HIVAN patients do not require long-term dialysis. These preliminary findings suggest that complete suppression of HIV viral replication may preserve or improve renal function. |
| TuPe7.8C04 | INCIDENCE AND SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH AIDS-RELATED NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA DIAGNOSED BEFORE AND AFTER INITIATION OF ART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C04) Teshale E.1, Juhasz M.1, Lechowicz M.J.2 The incidence of ARNHL continues to decrease, but remains a significant cause of morbidity. Prior treatment with ART confers a lower risk of death for patients diagnosed with PCNSL but not in patients with other ARNHL. The survival from PCNSL may be improved by timely and appropriate ART. |
| TuPe7.8C05 | NEW AIDS DEFINING ILLNESS DIAGNOSED WITHIN 90 DAYS AFTER INITIATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT AMONG PATIENTS FROM THE TREAT ASIA HIV OBSERVATIONAL DATABASE (TAHOD) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C05) Veloso V.G., Velasque L., Campos D.P., Pilotto J.H., Ribeiro J.E., Lemos K.V., Rolla V.C., Grinsztejn B. Despite the disseminated use of HAART in our country, Tuberculosis incidence remained unchanged in our cohort, being the highest incident subsequent ADD along the three periods studied. This finding may be related to the high incidence rates of TB in Rio de Janeiro State (99/100.000). Studies evaluating new strategies to prevent this disease among HIV infected patients are urgently needed. |
| TuPe7.8C06 | NEW AIDS DEFINING ILLNESS DIAGNOSED WITHIN 90 DAYS AFTER INITIATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT AMONG PATIENTS FROM THE TREAT ASIA HIV OBSERVATIONAL DATABASE (TAHOD) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C06) Zhou J.1, Paton N.2 A higher rate of new ADI within 90 days after starting first double or triple antiretroviral treatment was observed from patients in TAHOD. Although it is difficult to be certain whether a newly diagnosed ADI is indeed immune reconstitution syndrome, in TAHOD serious clinical events shortly after starting antiretroviral treatment are relatively common. |
| TuPe7.8C07 | OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS BOTH AIDS DEFINING AND NON-AIDS DEFINING CONDITIONS AND SYMPTOMS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C07) Omo-Igbinomwanhia N.E. This study showed that generalized lymphadenopathy was the most prevalent AIDS defining symptom, among the group on HAART, PCP more in those not on HAART. Whereas fever was more prevalent non-AIDS defining symptom irrespective of HAART. |
| TuPe7.8C08 | OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C08) Agosti M.R., Drut R., Borsa A.M., Morales J.C., Garcia M.K., Demkura H., Gonzalez Ayala S.E. Our experience differs from others in the etiology of OI. We have observed an increase in the frequency probably related to the longer immunocompromised survival. OI actually occurs in children older than 7 years of age. |
| TuPe7.8C09 | VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN HIV POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS IN UGANDA-PREVALENCE, CAUSES AND CLINICAL PRESENTATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C09) Otiti-Sengeri J.1, Katabira E.1, Ronald A.2, Collebunders B.C.2, Sande M.2 Introduction of HAART and improved treatment of opportunistic infections has resulted in an increase in HIV related blindness in the developed world. We need to increase awareness among HIV health care workers about the presentation and screening for eye disease so as early detection and referral is done and blindness prevented. |
| TuPe7.8C10 | LONG TERM FOLLOWING IN PATIENTS WITH IMMUNE RESTORATION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME (IRIS) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C10) Lupo S.1, Aguila D.2, Arizza G.2, Careno E.2, Colombero D.2, Parenti P.1, Perafán G.2, Agostini M.1 Until to have more evidence from randomized prospective trials on which to base recommendations for the prevention or management of ART-related IRIS, is necessary to consider the possible mortality and morbidity associated in short and long term. |
| TuPe7.8C11 | PREDICTORS OF A SUBSEQUENT AIDS DEFINING DISEASES IN A COHORT OF AIDS PATIENTS IN RIO DE JANEIRO - BRASIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C11) Grinsztejn B.1, Velasque L.1, Lemos K.V.1, Campos D.1, Cardoso S.W.1, Lima Barros M.B.1, Pilotto J.H.1, Morgado M.G.2, Veloso V.G.1 The HR for the "diagnosis period" is probably associated to the use of HAART. The different levels of immunodeficiency required to the development of tuberculosis and criptococcosis may explain why the first appears as protector and the second as a predictor of a subsequent ADD. |
| TuPe7.8C12 | HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY FOR CHILDREN INFECTED WITH HIV: THE END OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C12) Candiani T., Coelho Q., Dantas A., Dias A., Linhares R., Araújo C., Carvalho I., Pinto J. The incidence of OI has shown a noticeable decline in recent years. This tendency may be attributed to prophylactic protocols of HIV transmission, prevention of OI and, principally, the implementation of effective therapy. However, such infection continues among this group of patients, above all affecting those not using HAART, due to lack of compliance, because of therapeutic failure, or late diagnosis of AIDS. |
| TuPe7.8C13 | MALIGNANCIES IN A HOSPITAL PENITENTIARY UNIT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.8C13) Francisco F., Jose P.M., Ana B., Paloma G. The impact of HAART era in HIV + prison inmates in Madrid is similar to general seropositive people. The increase of non- AIDS defining malignancies mainly due to Hodgkin lymphoma with a factor of >5 compared with HIV negative inmate population. |
| TuPe9.1B Pathogenesis of HIV disease in children |
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| TuPe9.1B01 | UNTREATED, ASYMPTOMATIC CONGENITAL HIV INFECTION TWENTY-TWO YEARS AFTER BIRTH. A UNIQUE CASE REPORT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe7.2C01) Manfredi R. Simple survival beyond adolescence remains rare among p vertically-infected in the pre-therapy era, while a non- progressive congenital infection lasting asymptomatically until adult age has not comparable literature evidences. A stable, almost completely symptom-free HIV disease with a steadily favorable immunologic picture, low viral load, and no need of anti-HIV therapy 22 years after birth, makes our report absolutely unique. Such a long perinatal HIV course raises relevant questions about laboratory evaluation, anti-HIV therapy, and psychosocial implications. The natural history of non-progressive HIV infection from infancy into adult age and its correlates, needs further investigation. |
| TuPe9.1B02 | EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN-7 RECEPTOR ON CD8+ T CELLS AS AN IMMUNOLOGIC SURROGATE OF DISEASE STATUS IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe9.1B02) Sharma T.1, Murillo A.1, Riley J.2, Mitchell C.1, Hanekom W.2 CD8+ T cell CD127 expression is significantly higher in children with immunologic and virologic control of their HIV disease, and appears to be a sensitive immunologic surrogate of disease status. To assess utility of this marker in guiding clinical patient management, we will now determine changes in CD127 expression longitudinally, in HIV-infected children. |
| TuPe9.1B03 | PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII PNEUMONIA IN AIDS PATIENTS PUERTO RICAN CHILDREN, 1983-2004 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe9.1B03) Girona-Lozada G.Z., Ortiz I., Miranda S., Marrero E., Rolón Y., Cruz M., López B. In spite of the availability of prophylaxis treatments, PCP is still an important AIDS defining condition and account for a great number of deaths in the pediatric AIDS population in Puerto Rico. Children without PCP survived significantly longer than the ones with the condition, but the survival experience following PCP is significantly better for children diagnosed after 1996. |
| TuPe11.8C Adverse events |
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| TuPe11.8C01 | SAFETY OF RECEIPT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS DURING PREGNANCY AMONG HIV-1-INFECTED WOMEN IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: THE NICHD INTERNATIONAL SITE DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE (NISDI) PERINATAL STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C01) Ceriotto M.1, Gonin R.2, Duarte G.3, Harris R.2, Aguiar R.4, Warley E.5, Madi J.6, Zala C.7, Read J.8 Significant associations between maternal ARV regimens during pregnancy and clinical/laboratory abnormalities were observed. Further analyses are underway to more completely characterize toxicities according to ARV regimen. |
| TuPe11.8C02 | GENERIC ART ASSOCIATED TOXICITY IN RESOURCE RESTRICTED SETTING IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C02) Sawleshwarkar S., Saple D., Gote P. Most common side effects experienced after initiation of generic antiretroviral therapy are self-limiting and improve over time and do not require change of therapy. Severe side effects that require change of therapy are limited. |
| TuPe11.8C03 | REASONS FOR MODIFICATION OF HAART: NEVIRAPINE-BASED REGIMENS VERSUS NON-NEVIRAPINE-BASED REGIMENS-DATA FROM SOUTHERN INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C03) Kumarasamy N.1, Vallabhaneni S.2, Cecelia A.1, Yepthomi T.1, Balakrishnan P.1, Saghayam S.1, Flanigan T.3, Carpenter C.3, Solomon S.1, Mayer K.3 Despite increasing access to lower cost generic HAART, even cheaper and more tolerable first-line regimens need to be introduced to achieve better treatment outcomes and access in resource-constrained settings. |
| TuPe11.8C04 | GOOD RENAL TOLERANCE OF INDINAVIR IN ADULTS WITH HIGH INDINAVIR PLASMA CONCENTRATION IN ABIDJAN IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C04) Danel C.1, Moh R.1, Peytavin G.2, Sorho S.1, Anzian A.1, Dohoun L.1, Diby C.J.1, Kanga C.1, Gabillard D.3, Bissagnene E.4, Salamon R.3, Anglaret X.3 IDV/r (800/100 mg) regimen led to high IDV Cmin, with a consecutive high rate of digestive intolerance. In this context, there was a surprising absence of clinical or biological renal side-effects. The renal tolerance of indinavir might be better in sub-Saharan African individuals than in American or European ones. |
| TuPe11.8C05 | TOLERANCE OF FULL DOSE NEVIRAPINE SWITCH FROM EFAVIRENZ IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENT IN CAMBODIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C05) Fernandez M.1, Laureillard D.2, Prak N.3, Ngeth C.3, Moeung S.3, Chea You S.3, Riel V.3, Chhneang V.3, Song S.3, Quillet C.1, Piketty C.4 Our results indicate that switching to full dose nevirapine does not result in a higher incidence of SAEs as compared to the conventional nevirapine dose and could prevent selection of nevirapine resistance mutations. |
| TuPe11.8C06 | HAEMOGLOBIN ADVERSE EVENTS AND CHANGES IN HAEMOGLOBIN AMONGST ADULTS ON ZIDOVUDINE-CONTAINING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C06) Fielding K.1, Charalambous S.2, Pemba L.2, Dwadwa T.2, Seatlanyane P.2, Senoge S.2, Eisenstein M.2, Churchyard G.2, Grant A.1 In this population, severe anaemia was uncommon among adults starting ART. Individuals with lower haemoglobin at time of starting ART had a higher risk of a haemoglobin adverse event. However, amongst individuals with haemoglobin at 6 months, lower haemoglobin at ART start was associated with a greater median increase at 6 months. |
| TuPe11.8C07 | HEPATOTOXICITY AMONG SOUTH AFRICAN PATIENTS RECEIVING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C03) Charalambous S.1, Pemba L.1, Fielding K.2, Sefuthi C.1, Mantsoe I.1, Wood R.3, Simm J.4, Grant A.2, Churchyard G.1 Hepatotoxicity is an important problem in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy containing efavirenz. Further work is needed to investigate viral hepatitis as a risk factor for hepatotoxicity in this population. |
| TuPe11.8C08 | 76 WEEKS STUDY OF SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF A SIMPLIFIED FIXED-DOSE COMBINATION OF STAVUDINE, LAMIVUDINE AND NEVIRAPINE (GPO-VIR®) FOR THE TREATMENT OF ADVANCED HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C08) Anekthananon T.1, Ratanasuwan W.1, Techasathit W.1, Suwanagool S.1, Auwanit W.2 Fixed-dose combination of d4T+3TC+NVP (GPO-VIR®) was well tolerated and effective through week 76 for the treatment of advanced HIV-infected patients. |
| TuPe11.8C09 | EFFICACY AND TOXICITY OF GENERIC ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT IN HIV-1 INFECTED ADULTS IN KIGALI/RWANDA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C09) Kayitenkore K.1, Atkinson J.1, Mugabekazi J.2, Karita E.1, Allen S.3 Generic antiretroviral treatment in a fixed combination containing D4T-3TC-NVP has shown to be effective over a 12-month period. However the high incidence of D4T related peripheral neuropathy, and the fact that the Rwanda government has procured since 2004 another generic fixed combination containing AZT-3TC-NVP, has led us to switch from the D4T-3TC-NVP fixed combination to the AZT-3TC-NVP fixed combination as first line treatment. |
| TuPe11.8C10 | REGIMEN DURABILITY AND TOLERABILITY AND REASONS FOR REGIMEN CHANGES IN THE FIRST 1,000 TREATMENT-NAÏVE ADULTS ACCESSING ART IN KHAYELITSHA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.8C10) Van Cutsem G.1, Boulle A.2, Sarunchuk P.1, Bedelu M.1, Matthee S.3, Kabeya K.3, Kaarse L.3, Josias G.1, Darder M.1 Overall first-line regimen tolerability in this context remains good after three years on ART. To date the proportion of patients on second-line remains very low. The substitution of zidovudine with stavudine in the first-line regimen has resulted in fewer regimen changes due to anaemia or neutropaenia, and correspondingly a higher proportion of changes due to peripheral neuropathy, hyperlactataemia and lactic acidosis. The relative toxicities and safety monitoring requirements for these two drugs may require a re-evaluation of the first-line regimen in this context. |
| TuPe11.9C Cultural issues |
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| TuPe11.9C01 | LAST WILL AND TESTAMENT (LW&T) IS IT A COMMON KNOWLEDGE AMONGST PATIENTS WITH HIV INFECTION? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C01) Deig E.1, Miró G.2, Pedrol E.1, Badia A.2, Force L.2, García P.1, Barrufet P.2, Balanzó X.2, Soler A.1 Knowlegde fot he disease is high among HIV patients. Most would like to take part in medical decisions. Current knowledge of LW&T and its legislation is low in our country, although there is good predisposition to acquire more information. |
| TuPe11.9C02 | A STRATEGY TO OVERCOME CULTURAL BARRIERS IN MIGRANT POPULATIONS IN THEIR ACCESS TO HIV/AIDS PREVENTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C02) Frieder K., Vazquez M. The model of Counselling Centres managed by peer educators results effective to empower the migrant population, facilitating their access to health services and promoting the exercise of human rights, The interventions are not restricted to individual counselling, partners and families are integrated with the aim of working in the community implementing diverse preventive activities articulated with healthcare centres and hospitals of each zone. |
| TuPe11.9C03 | FEAR OF HIV SERODISCLOSURE AND ART SUCCESS: THE AGONY OF HIV POSITIVE MARRIED WOMEN IN ZAMBIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C03) Zulu K.P. Although more men in Zambia access ART, data analysis suggests that women have superior clinical outcomes once on ART when supported. But gender-based violence, denial and fear of HIV serodisclosure to partners, and the customary law, which has disadvantaged women for decades, undo would-be success. ART success in women depends on the legal rights and freedoms, supportive cultural behavior and an enabling health care system. Thus, legal and health-care system is a major entry point to ending this conspiracy of customary law, culture and violence against women. |
| TuPe11.9C04 | FAMILIES OF ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN (OVC) IN MOZAMBIQUE: HIGH PREVALENCE OF UNMET NEEDS FOR ECONOMIC SUPPORT, HEALTH EDUCATION, AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C04) Sherer R.1, Bronson J.1, Alegre J.C.1, Teter C.1, Novotny K.2, Walsh S.1 Almost 1/3 of VHB members care for orphans, and 1/2 care for non-biologic children, with almost no external supportive services. High unmet need for HIV education was identified. The VHB of linked micro-credit and health education is is well-suited to address these identified unmet needs. |
| TuPe11.9C05 | DILEMMAS FACING WOMEN ON ISSUES OF HIV AND CULTURE IN A RURAL SETTING. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C05) Sibande M.N.1, Manda C.M.1, Ponde F.2, Tembo C.2 Revisit cultural norms which are binding and risky to HIV. Involve the chiefs in educating the men-folk because when a chief speaks our men can listen to him more than women. Government, donors and health authorities to protect the woman as well. |
| TuPe11.9C06 | QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE HIV-INFECTED PRISONERS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C06) Stoniene L.1, Caplinskas S.2 1. General QOL of the inmates was low. QOL of inmates with HIV was lower.2. HIV-uninfected respondents in all domains had better QOL and there was statistically significant differences in all domains (p<0,00). The best differences between groups were in health and functioning and psychological/spiritual domains. |
| TuPe11.9C07 | BELIEFS REGARDING HIV/AIDS RESEARCH PARTICIPATION IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C07) Zachary D.1, Mweemba A.1, Helova A.2, MaPhiri F.1, Sinkala M.1, Stallworth J.2 Community members in this study described a widespread belief of "satanism" as a prominent barrier to participation in clinical research. Interviewees cited lack of knowledge and education in the community as obstacles to clinical care. Understanding cultural beliefs within the community may prove to be a significant factor in improving participation in community clinics and HIV/AIDS clinical trials in Lusaka, Zambia. |
| TuPe11.9C08 | KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND BEHAVIOR OF HIV PATIENTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C08) Au J.1, Rwanda Zambia HIV Research Group R.Z.H.R.G.2 HIV patients on ARV demonstrate a high level of knowledge on ARV, a pragmatic attitude, and conscientious behavior. This study uniquely highlights issues specific to developing countries in Africa, such as the dilemma posed by poverty and the scarcity of food to accepting treatment. Also, the pre-treatment counseling at Project San Francisco is effective and instills responsibility in patients so as to optimize the sustainability and future of ARV. Furthermore, ARV contributes to an open atmosphere where people are encouraged to get tested for HIV, thus actively recognizing and addressing the problem. Beyond in health, generic ARV programs have a beneficial impact on the overall well-being of the individual and the community. |
| TuPe11.9C09 | IMPLEMENTING A COMMUNITY-BASED MODEL FOR THE PROMOTION OF COUPLES' VOLUNTARY COUNSELING & TESTING IN TWO AFRICAN CAPITAL CITIES: SIMILARITIES, DIFFERENCES & LESSONS LEARNED IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C09) Beyer A. Results suggest that differential outside effects such as the nature of social networks, demographic trends, and cultural perceptions of CVCT impact promotional strategies. The high response rate in Kigali may indicate a greater acceptance of and familiarity with VCT services as compared to Lusaka. In Lusaka, INAs cited stigma and cultural barriers as impediments to CVCT. Kigali is a smaller, less transient city than Lusaka with only one indigenous language. Sustainable CVCT promotional activities are dependent on the cohesion and make-up of social capital, both horizontal and vertical social networks, in particular country contexts. |
| TuPe11.9C10 | KNOWLEDGE AND PSYCHO-SOCIAL DISTRESS IN HIV POSITIVE IMMIGRANT PATIENTS: ARE WOMEN MORE VULNERABLE THAN MEN? IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C10) Compostella S., Antonelli S., Zeni C., Casari S., Torti C. Torri T., Moretti F., Carosi G. These data suggest a general lack of information about HIV infection risk and therapeutic possibilities in immigrant patients. Women may be a more vulnerable group (both from an economical and psychosocial point of view) than men. |
| TuPe11.9C11 | Feminist Model of HIV Prevention for Adolescent and Young Adult Women IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C11) Owusu K.1, Musa K.2, Appiah R.2 |
| TuPe11.9C12 | UNMET NEED FOR CONTRACEPTION AMONG HIV DISCORDANT COUPLES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C12) Rufagari Mutangampundu J. Despite a good knowledge of contraception methods among HIV positive women, very few of them use modern contraceptives to family planning service due to their misconceptions about the side effects of these methods. HIV counseling should include discussion of user-independent contraception and reassurance about side effects. |
| TuPe11.9C13 | Disclosure Of Hiv Status To Children In African Context: Outcomes And Challenges IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe11.9C13) Azondekon A.1, Hinson F.2, Mignanhouande D.3, Keitchion A.1, Sagui A.1, Houedjissin L.4, Lawani R.4 |
| TuPe13.2B Therapeutic vaccination |
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| TuPe13.2B01 | EVIDENCE THAT INTERMITTENT STRUCTURED TREATMENT INTERRUPTION (STI) PROMOTES IMMUNOLOGIC CONTROL OF HIV REPLICATION: THE RESULTS OF AACTG 5068 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.2B01) Jacobson J.1, Bucy R.P.2, Wang R.3, Saag M.2, Eron J.4, Coombs R.5, Spritzler J.3, Fox L.6, Cu-Uvin S.7, Cohn S.8, O'Neil D.9, Janik J.10, O'Connor D.11, Di Vita C.12, Frank I.13 In this first randomized, controlled study of intermittent STI as a therapeutic auto-immunization strategy, evidence of enhanced immunologic control of HIV replication was demonstrated. |
| TuPe13.2B02 | SAFETY AND PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY OF THERAPEUTIC AIDS VACCINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.2B02) Tung F.1, Wu B.1, Tung L.1, Ansari A.2, McClure H.2 The studies indicate that replication-defective SIV vaccine is safe and elicits long lasting protective immunity. The protective immunity as measured by viral load and CD4 cell is correlated with cell-mediated immunity. Furthermore, protective immunity can be boosted after revaccination. |
| TuPe13.3B HIV vaccine strategies |
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| TuPe13.3B01 | STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME IMMUNODOMINANCE & THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF SUBDOMINANT CTL EPITOPES AGAINST VIRUS CHALLENGE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.3B01) IM E.-J., McMichael A.J., Hanke T. After serial removal of dominant epitopes, subdominant epitope-specific CD8 T cell responses were serially recovered and viral titer lowered. This study provides important information of what could happen during viral escape. Therefore, it is better to rely on more epitopes than a single dominant epitope. |
| TuPe13.3B02 | DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN HIV-1 SUBTYPE C VACCINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.3B02) Seth P. This HIV-1 subtype C vaccine is a good candidate for human trials since animal immunogenicity data suggest that it is likely to induce a robust immune response in humans in terms of breadth and magnitude of immune response. |
| TuPe13.3B03 | CONSTRUCTION OF DNA-VECTORS CONTAINING SYNTHETIC GP140 GENE AND CTE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.3B03) Galachyants Y., Kazenova E., Masharsky A., Murashev B., Klimov N., Kozlov A. According to these results nucleotide composition of gp140 fragment affects to expression to a greater extent than presence of 3'-UTR CTE. |
| TuPe13.3B04 | IRREVERSIBLE HIV GP120 TARGETING BY ANTIBODIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.3B04) Nishiyama Y.1, Karle S.1, Salas M.2, Hanson C.V.2, Mitsuda Y.1, Taguchi H.1, Planque S.1, Paul S.1 These observations indicate the feasibility of inducing anti-HIV Abs that bind HIV irreversibly. In addition to its irreversible character, the novel epitope specificity of MAb YZ23 appears important for HIV neutralization. The unique properties of the MAbs qualify Egp120 for further consideration as a candidate HIV vaccine. |
| TuPe13-3B05 | CHARACTERIZATION OF A PANEL OF MUTATED TAT PROTEINS DERIVED FROM AN HIV-1 PRIMARY ISOLATE FOR VACCINE PURPOSES. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13-3B05) Guillon C., Mayol K., Gouiller A., Verrier B. This study allowed us to unambiguously characterize several candidates for "genetically inactivated", full-length Tat antigens that could be used for immunisation purposes in human. |
| TuPe13-3B06 | HIV ENVELOPE VACCINE INDUCED IMMUNOSUPPRESSION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13-3B06) Fernando K., Ni H., Weissman D. Thus, HIV vaccines containing Env may inhibit the generation of T cell responses. The use of Env lacking CD4 binding could serve as a superior immunogen by circumventing this suppression. This research has been funded by NIH grant# AI-50484. |
| TuPe13.4B Vectors and adjuvants |
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| TuPe13.4B01 | DESIGN AND IMMUNE EVALUATION OF BIODEGRADABLE PLA NANOPARTICLE AS HIV PROTEINS VACCINE CARRIER IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.4B01) Munier S.1, Ataman-Onal Y.1, Charles M.H.1, Martinon F.2, Le-Grand R.2, Delair T.1, Verrier B.1 We have developped a simple, inexpensive and reproducible process for producing PLA nanoparticle-based antigens. In mice and more importantly in cynomolgus macaques, an adjuvant effect was clearly observed, with a stimulation of both arms of immunity. These preliminary data are very encouraging and modified immunizations strategies are currently being explored to broaden the field of application of our PLA-based immunogens. |
| TuPe13.4B02 | CONSTRUCTION OF RECOMBINANT BCG BASED HIV-1 EPITOPE DELIVERY SYSTEM IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.4B02) Aravindhan V.1, Sujatha N.1, Gautham N.2, Prasad V.3, Narayanan P.R.1 Our group is interested in developing a recombinant BCG based HIV-1 vaccine by epitope grafting. Grafting an epitope from an immune unfriendly environment to an immune friendly environment forms the basic of 'epitope grafting'. |
| TuPe13.4B03 | BACTERIAL CPG DNA SUPPRESSES HIV-1 REPRODUCTION IN VITRO IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.4B03) Olishevsky S.1, Rybalko S.2, Kozak V.1, Yanish Y.1, Mazur O.1, Shlyakhovenko V.1, Chekhun V.1 Our results point to a novel role of CpG DNA as inhibitor of HIV reproduction in vitro and make its attractive candidate for further study as anti-HIV drug. |
| TuPe13.4B04 | IMPROVED SYNTHETIC THAI CLADE, HIV-1 CRF01-AE DNA VACCINE VECTORS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.4B04) Lorenzen S.-I.1, Sirivichayakul S.1, Pitakpolrat P.1, Buranapraditkun S.1, Phanuphak P.2, Ruxrungtham K.1 These preliminary results suggest that cocdon optimization in combination with selected CTL epitopes and CpG motifs as adjuvant might be useful in developing a multicomponent candidate HIV vaccine. |
| TuPe13.4B05 | FOAMY VIRUS VECTORS FOR POTENTIAL GENE THERAPY AND HIV VACCINE APPLICATIONS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.4B05) Hardy D.1, Liu C.1, Yiming X.2, Folks T.3, Chen I.2 FV vectors carrying HIV-1 gag successfully transduced human epithelial and hematopoietic cell lines with detectable integrated p24 DNA, mRNA and protein expression over at least 4 weeks post-infection. Infection of MDDCs, although initially low level, appears possible and will be optimized. |
| TuPe13.6B Genotypes and immunotypes |
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| TuPe13.6C01 | ANTIBODY CROSS-REACTIVITY TO V3 PEPTIDES OF B SUBTYPE AND LOCAL B/F RECOMBINANTS IN ARGENTINA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.6B01) Ambrosioni Czyrko J., Barral R., Acuipil C., Andreani G., Romer Y., Pando M.d.l.A., Rabinovich D., Martínez Peralta L. We did not find differences in the reactivity to peptides B and BF in patients infected with subtypes B or BF. Both groups had higher response to MN peptide. These results could be important for studies on preventive vaccines. |
| TuPe13.7B Monitoring anti-HIV immune responses |
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| TuPe13.7B01 | EVALUATION OF GP120 SPECIFIC CELL MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSES BY IFN-γ ELISPOT ASSAY IN HIV INFECTED ADULTS IN NORTH INDIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.7B01) Kanswal S.1, Vajpayee M.2, Pradeep Seth P.S.2, Naveet Wig N.W.3 The present study may have implications in designing HIV vaccine against Indian HIV-1 subtype C as it shows that the magnitude and frequency of the T cell responses to Indian HIV-1 subtype C were spread across the envelope gp120 protein and clustered within variable regions of envgp120 protein. |
| TuPe13.8B Animal models |
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| TuPe13.8B01 | TRANSFECTION OF BABOON DENDRITIC CELLS WITH PLASMID DNA CONTAINING HIV-1C GENES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.8B01) Fiff F., Liebrich W., Janse Van Rensburg E., Glashoff R. This is the first report of culture and characterisation of baboon DCs in vitro. These cells have been used to assess efficacy of plasmid DNA delivery and subsequent antigen presentation to T cells. This in vitro model can be used in future studies of potential HIV vaccine constructs. |
| TuPe13.8B02 | IN VIVO ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY CD8(+) T CELL RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT DOSES OF A CANDIDATE HIV VACCINE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.8B02) Letourneau S.C.1, Escourt M.J.2, McMichael A.J.1, Hanke T.1 These findings suggest that the amount of viral delivery affects the number of cells entering division, as well as activation levels and the time point at which proliferation and circulation begins. This adoptive transfer model also provides an opportunity to study localization, phenotypic changes and function of vaccine-specific CD8(+) T cells during primary response. |
| TuPe13.8B03 | PRIMARY SIVsm ISOLATES SHOW LOW AND MODERATE PATHOGENICITY IN RHESUS MACAQUES, WHICH CONTRASTS WITH THE HIGH VIRULENCE OF SIVmac IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.8B03) Apetrei C.1, Pandrea I.1, Montefiori D.2, Ribka E.1, Hunter M.1, Lackner A.A.1, Veazey R.S.1, Marx P.A.1 Our study shows that the virulence of primary SIVsm isolates in Rh is significantly lower than previously accepted. The long-term goal of this study is to understand the evolution of viral virulence in this novel SIVsm-Rh system. This animal model will more closely reproduce HIV pathogenesis in humans and may be more useful than current models for the evaluation of vaccines and the immune correlates of protection. |
| TuPe13.8C04 | A NOVEL SMALL ANIMAL MODEL FOR HIV-1 INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.8C04) Ayash Rashkovsky M.1, Borkow G.1, Reisner Y.2, Bentwich Z.3 This new murine HIV-1 model may be used for studying host - virus interactions, and most importantly, for screening and developing potential HIV-1 protective vaccines and adjuvants. |
| TuPe13.8B05 | HIV-1 IMMUNOGEN (REMUNE)-PULSED DENDRITIC CELLS WITH CPG ODN CONFER PROTECTION FROM HIV CHALLENGE IN THE TRIMERA MURINE MODEL OF HIV-1 INFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.8B05) Ayash Rashkovsky M.1, Borkow G.1, Moss R.2, Bartholomew R.2, Bentwich Z.3 These results indicate that: 1) gp120-depleted HIV-1 antigen (Remune), may serve as a potent protective vaccine against HIV-1. 2) Antigen presentation by DCs and CpG ODN enhance the generation of potent protective immunity. 3) This novel small animal model for HIV-1 infection in Trimeras, may serve as an attractive platform for rapid testing of candidate HIV -1 vaccines and of adjuvants, and may shorten the time needed for the development and final assessment of protective HIV-1 vaccines in human trials. |
| TuPe13.12B Preclinical vaccine trials |
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| TuPe13.12B01 | DESIGN OF A CYTOKINE-ENHANCED PLASMID DNA VACCINE CAPABLE OF ELICITING BROADLY REACTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSES TO MULTIPLE HIV ANTIGENS IN THE NON-HUMAN PRIMATE MODEL. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.12B01) Israel Z.1, Egan M.1, Sidhu M.1, Megati S.1, Luckay A.1, Garcia-Hand D.1, Roopchand V.1, Rosati M.2, Chong S.1, Weiner D.3, Felber B.2, Pavlakis G.2, Udem S.1, Eldridge J.1 These results have important implications for the rational design of plasmid DNA-based prophylactic and therapeutic HIV vaccines intended to elicit potent immune responses to multiple viral antigens in humans. |
| TuPe13.12B03 | PRE-CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CO-ADMINISTERED HIV-1 CLADE A VACCINES, HIVA AND RENTA IN RHESUS MACAQUES AND INBRED/OUTBRED MICE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.12B03) Im E.-J.1, Wee E.2, Nkolola J.3, Teoh D.1, McMichael A.1, Hanke T.1 1) 5 Mamu-A*01 CTL epitopes were identified from both immunogens and shown to produce IFNγ after a long period of time. Among the, two have shown to be stronger than the previously known SIV-gag (CM9) and -tat (SL8) epitopes. 2) 3 epitopes (Balb/c,H-2Kd) from both immunogens were identified and have shown no mutual interference when co-administered in both inbred and outbred mouse strains. 3) Increasing the dose of immunisation recovered responses to subdominant epitopes. 4) Outbred mice were used to simulate human volunteers, since MHC class I restriction varies among individuals. Only CD8/CD44/IFNγ+ T cells were CD107a/b+ (indirect measure of target lysis). 5) Protection against WR challenge was observed after DNA prime - rAd boost |
| TuPe14.12B HIV diversity and response to antiretrovirals |
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| TuPe14.12B01 | RNAI- MEDIATED PROTECTION OF CD4 T CELLS FROM MULTIPLE CLADES AND PRIMARY ISOLATES OF HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe14.12B01) Kumar P., Lee S.-K., Dykxhoorn D., Ranjbar S., Song E., Maliszewski L., François-Bongarçon V., Goldfeld A., Swamy M., Lieberman J., Shankar P. Identifying conserved sequences for targeting, such as the vif sequence used here, will provide the best chance for inhibiting a diversity of HIV isolates and for protecting against the emergence of viral escape. |
| TuPe14.12B02 | BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HIV-1 SUBTYPE C PROTEASE CARRYING INDINAVIR DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.12B02) Gonzalez O. L.M.F., Santana Aguiar R., Alfonzo A., Arruda M., Soares M., Brindeiro R., Tanuri A. Our data suggest that patients carrying HIV-1 subtype C accumulate a minor number of IDV-DRM when compared with subtype B. In vitro, subtype C protease need to accumulate a compensatory mutation when IDV-DRM were included and the lost of those mutations are slower than subtype B. Also, phenotype perfil for IDV-DRM is diferent between those subtypes. |
| TuPe14.12B03 | PREVALENCE OF GP41 RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED MUTATIONS IN NAÏVE PATIENTS: ANALYSIS OF 1735 HIV-1 SEQUENCES OVER A 20 YEARS PERIOD IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe14.12B03) AL Hawajri N.1, Alloui C.1, Gault E.1, Drugan T.2, Le Gal F.1, Dziri-Mindil S.1, Dény P.1 These results indicate that there is limited spontaneous resistance to T-20 among worldwide populations and that the emergence of resistant isolates should be related to therapeutic pressure and not to genetic polymorphism. |
| TuPe14.12B04 | HIDDEN POTENTIAL FOR NOVEL ANTIRETROVIRAL-DRUG RESISTANCE PATHWAYS IN NON-SUBTYPE B HIV-1 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe14.12B04) Kijak G.1, Tovanabutra S.2, Sanders-Buell E.3, Arroyo M.4, Currier J.2, Wegner S.5, Michael N.5, Robb M.3, Birx D.4, McCutchan F.3 The analysis of more than 5000 sequences revealed quasi-synonymy as a major source of genetic variation. Viruses from different clades may have the potential of reacting differently under ARV pressure. Possibly, our experience on drug-resistance in subtype B may have limited extrapolation to the other clades. The potential implications of quasi-synonymy for the successful utilization of ARV therapy in non-B clades warrant a specific evaluation of mutations that may contribute to resistance in each non-B clade as ARVs come into widespread use in developing countries. |
| TuPe14.12B05 | EVOLUTION OF DRUG RESISTANCE AND CORECEPTOR USAGE DURING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY: ANALYSIS OF POL AND ENV SEQUENCES OBTAINED FROM INDIVIDUAL HIV-1 RNA MOLECULES. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe14.12B05) Philpott S.1, Shi B.1, Weiser B.1, Anastos K.2, Parker M.1, Burger H.1 HIV-1 coreceptor usage and drug resistance evolve independently. Drug resistant R5- and X4-specific strains of HIV-1 emerge in response to the selective pressure of ART. |
| TuPe14.12B06 | COMPARISON OF GENOTYPIC RESISTANCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH DIFFERENT HIV-1 GENETIC FORMS IN CUBA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe14.12B06) Pérez L.1, Pérez-Alvarez L.2, Aragones C.1, Delgado E.2, Gonzalez Z.1, Thomson M.2, Contreras G.2, Pérez J.1, Najera R.2 Significant differences in the prevalence of resistance to RTI and PRI were not detected among B or non-B strains from treated patients, suggesting that the genetic diversity of HIV-1 in Cuba does not play a main role in the development of resistance to antiretroviral drugs. The presence of transmitted resistance supports the study at baseline of treatment. |
| TuPe14.12B07 | INCREASING NUMBERS OF MUTATIONS FOUND IN VIRAL MINORITY POPULATIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL INCREASES OF HIV VIRAL LOAD UNDER NON-SUPPRESSIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe14.12B07) Tschochner M.1, Weber C.2, Stocker H.2, Sopper S.3, Kurowski M.4, Walter H.1, Arasteh K.4 The re-increase of viral load was found to be associated with increasing numbers of uncharacterized mutations in viral minorities. This indicates an increased recruitment of viral variants with optimized viral replication during stable non suppressive therapy. The accompanying changes in phenotypic drug resistance may be explained by small shifts in the fractions of viral subpopulations with different resistance profiles. |
| TuPe15.3C Diagnosis of opportunistic diseases and tumors |
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| TuPe15.3C01 | EVALUATION OF A PHAGE BASED TEST FOR THE RAPID DETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN SPUTUM FROM HIV-POSITIVE CASES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.3C01) Otive-Igbuzor E.J.1, Fagade O.1, Idigbe E.O.2, Onyejepu N.N.2, Okwelogu L.2, Dan-Okoli J.2, Onubogu C.2, Cadmus I.1 The FASTPlaque-TB Assay has a strong potential to improve the diagnosis of TB in developing countries where HIV/AIDS has assumed epidemic proportions. |
| TuPe15.3C02 | PREVALENCE OF RENAL DISEASE IN PATIENTS ATTENDING THE HIV/AIDS CLINIC, AT MBARARA UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.12B02) Andia I.1, Pepper L.1, Matheison P.2 There is a high prevalence of overt renal disease in patients with HIV/AIDS attending the HIV outpatient clinic in Mbarara, but very few patients had features of HIVAN. The higher prevalence of HIVAN in African patients in Europe and North America may be due to environmental factors as opposed to genetic predisposition. |
| TuPe15.3C03 | ACUTE, ADVANCED MYELOGENOUS (FAB M5) LEUKEMIA DURING HAART-TREATED HIV DISEASE, MANIFESTING INITIALLY WITH AN EXTREMELY RARE THYROID MASS. CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC CONSIDERATIONS IN A CASE WITH A SIX-MONTH DISEASE REMISSION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe13.12B03) Manfredi R., Sabbatani S., Chiodo F. Less than 50 cases of AML were described among HIV-infected patients,the majority of the monocyte-myelomonocyte subtype (like ours), but often secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome,polycythemia vera,cytotoxic chemotherapy,or growth factor administration. The massive thyroid involvement of our patient has no literature analogues. Among HIV-infected patients, the proportion of FAB types M4/5 (although rare), seems greater versus the general population. Since most cases were reported anecdotally, therapeutic strategies are still discussed. Despite the elevated risk of treatment-associated mortality, durable remissions can be achieved, especially when HIV-related immunodeficiency is absent. |
| TuPe15.3C04 | NON HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN AIDS PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.3C04) Corti M.1, Villafañe M.F.1, Trione N.1, Schtirbu R.2, Lewi D.1 NHL of the gastrointestinal tract are a severe complication of advanced HIV/AIDS disease. The high grade of malignancy, the advanced-stage at the time of diagnosis, the high frequency of extranodal involvement and the high frequency of relapse after treatment justify the poor prognosis and the short survival of these patients. |
| TuPe15.3C05 | FALSE ELEVATION OF CA 19 – 9 TUMOUR MARKER IN PATIENTS UNDER HAART: A PREVALENCE STUDY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.3C05) Mauri R., Rinaldi E., Longoni E., Pagani A., Santoro D. These preliminary results suggest that elevation of CA 19 – 9 levels in patients under HAART might be carefully interpretated and seems to be significantly related to hepatic diseases (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis). |
| TuPe15.3C06 | ENDOSCOPY OF THE UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS WITH DYSPEPSIA IN THE ERA OF HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.3C06) Werneck-Silva A.L. We have demonstrated that the high prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in HIV+ patients taking HAART is not associated with many endoscopic lesions. Since the prevalence of H. pylori and opportunistic infections is low in these patients endoscopy should be done lately in their treatment. |
| TuPe15.4C Voluntary counselling and testing |
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| TuPe15.4P01 | INTENDING MARRIAGE COUPLES' VOLUNTARY HIV TESTING: A WAY FORWARD FOR THE BATTLE AGAINST HIV/AIDS. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P01) Odunukwe N.1, Oruche U.2 There is a need to expand this program to more churches, mosques and marriage registries in all the six geopolitical regions of the country to identify infected people early enough for counseling, treatments and prevention of mother to child transmission. |
| TuPe15.4P02 | RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV TRANSMISSION IN YOUNG DRUG-USERS ACCESSING TO VOLUNTARY TEST AT FERNANDEZ HOSPITAL, BUENOS AIRES CITY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P02) Vazquez M., Ameal F. All groups have a high knowledge about preventive measures. The way of consuming and the educational level are related to the use of condoms and also to the seroprevalence in each group. A high proportion of IDU and IDU couples has a low instruction level. DUs have an inferior seroprevalence and a higher educational level, but in all three groups PLWHIV have a low educational level. |
| TuPe15.4P03 | IMPACT OF USER FEES ON UTILISATION OF VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING (VCT)SERVICES IN SAGAMU, NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P03) Oduwole M.D., Jeminusi A.O., Ayantayo B.T. The utilization of VCT services may be reduced significantly (by half in this study ) with the introduction of user fees, even though there is an obvious need for these services in the community. It is important for program managers to find innovative ways of subsidising services in resource poor countries. |
| TuPe15.4P04 | STRATEGIC OPTIONS FOR COUNSELLING IN THE PMTCT OF HIV IN THE NORTHERN FREE STATE DISTRICT, SOUTH AFRICA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P04) Krah C.K. A strategic option for counselling that reconciles the need to expand coverage of the programme with what would be acceptable to the community is proposed. This would consist of a combination of routine testing linked with group pre-test and individual post-test counselling, and presumptive treatment with nevirapine for women who decline or 'opt out' of testing. A vigorous and innovative IEC drive with accurate, consistent and culturally appropriate messages; couple counselling; provision of adequate staffing of primary care clinics and rooms for counselling; as well as the motivation and development of the skills and competencies of the lay counsellors will remove the identified barriers to VCT. |
| TuPe15.4P05 | NEED ASSESSMENT FOR IMPLEMENTING HIV VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING SERVICES FOR ARMED FORCES HOSPITALS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P05) Echoga A.D.1, Olumide A.2 It was observed that healthcare providers in the assessed military hospitals lacked adequate knowledge about VCT thus establishing the need for training on VCT. |
| TuPe15.4P07 | VOLUNTEER COUNSELING AND TESTING (VCT) SERVICE PLAYS AN INSTRUMENTAL ROLE IN HIV/AIDS PREVENTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P07) Pokharel R.K.1, Bhagat S.K.2, Dhakal B.P.2 Eagerness among high risk population to know their sero-status is encouraging. Almost same number in pretest, test and post test counseling shows good awareness among the clients. Migrant workers are the most vulnerable to get infected and are likely to infect innocent housewives. IDUs and FSWs & their clients are also vulnerable. Positive change in attitude (disclosure of sero status and change in behaviour) among sero-positive cases proves effectiveness of VCT service in prevention of HIV/ AIDS. |
| TuPe15.4P08 | INTEGRATING HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING TO ROUTINE MEDICAL CARE MAY INCREASE TESTING RATES AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P08) De Souza C.1, Bisol M.1, Maggi A.2, Wagner T.2, De Souza R.1 Most of college students sought testing as consequence of third party request instead of their willingness to do the test. This observation suggests that a better engagement of health care providers on the awareness of the importance of HIV testing may facilitate optimization of testing practices and have a positive impact on testing rates. We speculate that incorporating HIV testing to routine medical care may contribute to reduce the emotional distress associated to HIV testing. |
| TuPe15.4P09 | DESCRIPTION OF THE POST-TEST COUNSELING AT SERVIÇO DE ASSISTÊNCIA ESPECIALIZADA EM DST/HIV IN GUAÍBA, RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P09) D'Elia P., Rosso A., Viegas C., Peixoto L. The data revealed that pregnant women in Guaíba are getting to know their sorological status too late. Soropositive pregnant women are receiving the HIV test results with delay probably because of the need of confirmatory tests.More research is needed to better evaluate and discuss ways to solve this problem. |
| TuPe15.4P10 | BASELINE CD4 T CELL COUNTS IN HIV INFECTED INDIVIDUALS DIAGNOSED DURING VOLUNTARY HIV COUNSELLING AND TESTING IN INDIA. IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P10) Sippy N.1, Verma M.2, Malkani R.3 75% of persons had baseline CD4 counts >500 cells/mL indicating that persons participating in VCT in this resource-constrained setting are presenting at an earlier stage of the disease process. Although not significant, females had a higher CD4 cell count than males. Overall gender and age had no affect on CD4 T cell counts. |
| TuPe15.4P11 | OUTCOME OF FREE VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING AND TESTING FOR HIV INFECTION IN JOS, NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P11) Imade G.E.1, Falum D.1, Agbaji O.1, Pam S.D.1, Egah D.Z.1, Sagay A.S.1, Sankale J.-L.2, Idoko J.A.1, Kanki P.2 HIV prevalence among volunteers requesting HIV testing in our centre is higher (40.6%) than the 13.5% obtained in a community based stand alone VCT centre in Jos and the national 5% rate. Women accessed our service more than men and the Fulanis, a hard to reach group also tested. The need to take advantage of this response for community mobilisation is urgent. Our results could be attributable to free access to VCT, our community mobilisation strategy and the strong support group which encourages testing of spouses. |
| TuPe15.4P12 | A COMPARISON HIV AND SYPHILIS SEROPREVALENCE AMONG CLIENTS OF COUPLES' VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING CENTRES IN TWO ZAMBIAN CITIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P12) Kanweka W.1, Inambao M.1, Allen S.2 Female HIV seroprevalence was significantly higher in Ndola compared to Kitwe while male syphilis seroprevalence was significantly higher in Ndola compared to Kitwe. These differences may be due to the significantly younger age of the Ndola clients. CVCT promotion therefore should include strategies that target younger couples. |
| TuPe15.4P13 | KNOWLEDGE OF COUPLE'S VCT, WILLINGNESS AND OBSTACLES TO GET TESTED: RESULTS FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEY REFLECTING THE IMPACT OF COMMUNITY BASED PROMOTION PROGRAM IN KIGALI/RWANDA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P13) De Clercq F. Katangulia F. Results indicate a great familiarity with VCT services amongst couples in Kigali. Although the vast majority approved of the idea to get tested together, stigma and fear of the partner were cited as main impediment to get tested. Community based promotional strategies has proven to be the most efficient mean to tackle those issues. A further integration and mobilization of community leaders with the INAs would increase the demand for CVCT and overcome stigma by spreading out the right message on HIV/AIDS prevention in their communities. |
| TuPe15.4P14 | A QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN THE PROMOTION OF COUPLES VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING AND TESTING IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P14) Ji H. Zambia is a very religious country and many influential people identify themselves as religious leaders. Although churches are a place where couples are found together, and pastors preach about HIV prevention, systematic efforts to use church networks to promote CVCT have not been successful. The low number of INLs who reported having themselves been tested with their spouse confirms they are not leading by example. |
| TuPe15.4P15 | INCREASES IN HIV PREVALENCE AND PRIOR TESTING AT A COUPLES' VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING AND RESEARCH CENTER IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P15) Fraser-Bell A., Allen S., Rwanda/Zambia HIV Research Group At ZEHRP, the proportion of clients previously tested for HIV has steadily increased in the last 3 years. This corresponds with the introduction of PMTCT and VCT programs, and confirms that these services are encouraging individuals to test with their spouses. Although most HIV-positive individuals are asymptomatic at VCT, simple symptom-based ARV referral procedures are needed. |
| TuPe15.4P16 | CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSULTANTS, THEIR RISK FACTORS AND THEIR BEHAVIOR AT THE VCT OF CENTRE YONIS TOUSSAINT (DJIBOUTI) IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPe15.4P16) Kibangou N.1, Fatouma M.1, Abdisalam A.2, Fatouma A.3, Comolet T.4, Hawa H.A.3, Iftin Y.A.1 VCT was well accepted by Djiboutians. Those which attend the Centre Yonis Toussaibt are young. Their condition socio-professional is often precarious and the condom remains little used. Modifying at-risk behaviour is difficult. Current messages for prevention must be improved. |
| LATE BREAKER - POSTER EXHIBITIONS Tuesday |
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| TuPeLB1.1C01 | EARLY HCV KINETICS PREDICT SUSTAINED VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO TREATMENT WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A AND RIBAVIRIN IN BRAZILIAN HIV/HCV CO-INFECTED PATIENTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB1.1C01) Araujo E.1, Neumann A.2, Courtouké C.1, Cavalheiro N.1, Melo C.1, Fragoso D.1, Young S.3, Melo E.4, Tengan F.1, Brisbin L.5, Tatsch F.6, Barone A.1 HIV/HCV co-infected patients have significantly lower SVR and higher relapse rates than HCV-mono infected patients, significantly different between genotype 3 and 1. Most importantly, we show that already as early as day 2 of treatment and up to 4 weeks one can predict the lack of SVR with NPV=100%. Early interruption of therapy using early HCV kinetics requires further study in larger studies. |
| TuPeLB1.2C01 | HERPES VIRUS SIMPLEX-2 INFECTION PREVALENCE IN A MSM COHORT IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB1.2C01) Rodrigues J., Bastos F.I., Santos V., Souza C., Georg I., Velasque L., Sutmoller F., Grinsztejn B. HSV2 was found to be quite prevalent in our study population highlighting the increased risk of HIV acquisition/transmission. Association with paid sex underscore the vulnerability of commercial sex workers and favors preventive programs tailored to those engaged in this activity. Association with hepatitis B infection raises awareness about multiple, potentially synergic infections in this at-risk population, contributing to further spread of HIV/AIDS. |
| TuPeLB1.2C02 | HSV 2, AN INDICATOR OF HIV RISKS IN THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB1.2C02) Nguyen Thi Thanh T.1, Xiang-Sheng C.2, Yue-Ping Y.2, Sulivan E.3 HSV2 prevalence is a good marker of sexual risk of HIV infection. There is need to consider control measures for HSV2 that might help curb HIV transmission. |
| TuPeLB1.3C01 | INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIV AND HPV INFECTIONS: 10 YEARS (1995-2004) HOSPITAL BASED STUDY RESULTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB1.3C01) Kumar Kar H. This study indicates that the presence of sexually transmitted viral infection like genital warts do not seem to accelerate HIV transmission. The 4.8% prevalence of HIV infection among STD attendees indicates that Delhi is slowly, but steadily approaching towards moderate level epidemic of HIV infection from lower epidemic level. |
| TuPeLB1.4C01 | A DUAL SUPERINFECTION AND RECOMBINATION WITHIN HIV-1 SUBTYPE B TWELVE YEARS AFTER PRIMOINFECTION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB1.4C01) Pernas M.1, Casado C.1, Fuentes R.1, Pérez-Elías M.J.2, Lopez-Galindez C.1 Phylogenetic analysis supports the first case of dual superinfection which occurred twelve years after primoinfection. The presence in a single individual of three different HIV-1 strains and the occurrence of recombination between the strains illustrates the viral diversity potential of HIV-1 in infected individuals. These results also highlight the importance of reducing risky behavior among infected individuals, because of the possibility of reinfection at any moment during infection. |
| TuPeLB2.2B01 | TRIGLYCERIDES AND TOTAL CHOLESTEROL ARE DETERMINED FALSELY LOW AT ELEVATED UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN CONCENTRATIONS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB2.2B01) Richter W.O., Stief I. For the interpretation of clinical studies in HIV-patients on protease inhibitors, which increase unconjugated bilirubin, it is mandatory to have information on the laboratory method, the used analyzer, and the distribution of bilirubin concentrations. Otherwise wrong conclusions may be drawn regarding both TG and TC levels. |
| TuPeLB2.2B02 | CHANGES IN INSULIN RESISTANCE MARKERS AND CYTOKINES IN ANTIRETROVIRAL-NAïVE HIV-PATIENTS 24 MONTHS AFTER INITIATING STAVUDINE- OR ABACAVIR-CONTAINING THERAPIES IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB2.2B02) Fisac C.1, Virgili N.1, Vendrell J.2, Ferrer E.3, Podzamczer D.3 d4T-therapy is associated with an increase in insulin resistance. Glucose metabolism dysregulations might be the consequence of the morphological alterations occurring during the therapy, with the possible participation of adiponectin in the pathogenesis. |
| TuPeLB2.3C01 | ADVERSE EVENTS TO ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED MORTALITY IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB2.3C01) Keiser O.1, Telenti A.2, Fellay J.2, Opravil M.3, Hirsch H.H.4, De Lucia S.5, Enos B.6, Vernazza P.7, Rickenbach M.1, Furrer H.8, And the Swiss HIV Cohort Study S.9 Presence and increasing severity of AEs to cART, especially of laboratory AEs, evaluated in a cross-sectional survey are associated with an increase in mortality during the following years. |
| TuPeLB2.3C02 | IMPROVEMENTS IN FACIAL LIPOATROPHY AT 48 WEEKS FOLLOWING SUBSTITUTION OF A THYMIDINE ANALOG WITH TENOFOVIR DF (TDF) OR ABACAVIR (ABC): A RANDOMISED, OPEN-LABEL STUDY IN PERSONS WITH LIPOATROPHY AND VIROLOGICAL SUPPRESSION ON HAART IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB2.3C02) Benn P.1, Sauret V.2, Cartledge J.1, Ruff C.2, Sabin C.3, Moyle G.4, Richards R.2, Reilly G.5, Edwards S.1 In lipoatrophic HIV-infected adults, switching from a thymidine analog to ABC or TDF for 48 weeks leads to similar significant improvements in both limb fat and facial lipoatrophy. Changes in total facial cheek volume significantly correlate with increases in limb fat shown by DEXA imaging. |
| TuPeLB3.1B01 | PHARMACOKINETICS OF FOSAMPRENAVIR, RITONAVIR, TENOFOVIR, AND EMTRICITABINE ADMINISTERED ONCE DAILY IN TREATMENT NAÏVE HIV-INFECTED SUBJECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB3.1B01) Parks D.1, Jennings H.1, Taylor C.1, Acosta E.2 The combination of FPV, RTV, TDF, and FTC has been well-tolerated to date. TDF PK parameters appear to be similar to previous levels indicating that FPV may not significantly alter TDF concentration. Subjects will be followed for 48 weeks to evaluate virological and immunological response. These short-term results suggest this combination is a feasible once daily regimen. |
| TuPeLB6.1B01 | THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR HIV-1 INFECTION IN THE HOST PROTEOME. TIME FOR NEW INTERVENTIONS WITH FEWER SIDE EFFECTS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB6.1B01) Hussain H.1, Tariq W.2, Anwar M.2, Aga B.2, Hussain S.1, Bukhari A.3, Khaliq N.4, Ghani I.5, Ghani I.5 We compiled a list of gene products that may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the inhibition of HIV-1 replication. Several genes have been established as important for HIV-1 infection and replication, including Pou2AF1 (OBF-1), complement factor H related 3, CD4 receptor, ICAM-1, NA, and cyclin A1. There were also several genes whose role in relation to HIV-1 infection have not been established and may also be novel and effacious therapeutic targets. |
| TuPeLB7.1C01 | TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS (TB) IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INITIAL REGIMENS CONTAINING 3 OR 4 DRUGS IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB7.1C01) Azuaje C., Falco V., Crespo M., Diaz M., Paradiñeiro J., Ugides G., Martin-Casabona N., Ocaña I., Ribera E., Pahissa A. Clinical efficacy of initial regimens with 3 drugs to treat TB is similar to the regimens with 4 drugs and remarkably minor adverse events. Initial treatment with 4 drugs should be used only in the setting of high resistance to antituberculous drugs. |
| TuPeLB9.1B01 | NEURODEVELOPMENT OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN CHILDREN INFECTED AND AFFECTED BY HIV IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB9.1B01) Van Rie A.1, Mupuala A.2, Dow A.1, Kilese N.3, Zephyrin I.3, Nossa N.3 A very high prevalence of impaired mental, motor, language and behavioral development was documented in HIV infected children. The neurocognitive delay in HIV affected children indicates that the neurological deficit may be due to a combination of biological and environmental factors. |
| TuPeLB13.2B01 | IMMUNE MODULATORY PROPERTIES OF THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION WITH HIV-1 WHOLE KILLED VACCINE IN COMBINATION WITH A SYNTHETIC IMMUNOSTIMULATORY OLIGONUCLEOTIDE IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB13.2B01) Piacentini L.1, Gazzard B.2, Williams I.3, Cameron D.W.4, Theofan G.5, Bray D.H.6, Clerici M.7, Naddeo V.1 These are preliminary results of an ongoing clinical trial. Addition of a synthetic immunostimulatory oligonucleotide to REMUNE® in patients treated with antiretrovirals greatly enhanced IFN-γ and RANTES mRNA. These data confirm results previously obtained in animal studies and provide rationale for further evaluation of this combination as a therapeutic HIV vaccine. |
| TuPeLB13.3B01 | STRUCTURE-BASED PEPTIDE DESIGN: AIMING TOWARDS HIV-1 NEUTRALIZING 4E10-LIKE ANTIBODIES BY IMMUNIZATION IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB13-3B01) Cardoso R.1, Brunel F.1, Katinger H.2, Burton D.1, Dawson P.1, Wilson I.1 The structural information obtained from an analysis of these complexes will eventually allow the design of high affinity 4E10 mimotopes for development as potential components of an effective HIV vaccine. |
| TuPeLB13.12B01 | VACCINE-INDUCED CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSES REDUCE PLASMA VIRAL CONCENTRATIONS AFTER CHALLENGE WITH HIGHLY PATHOGENIC SIVmac239 IAS Conf HIV Pathog Treat 2005 Jul 24-27;3rd:(abstract no. TuPeLB13.12B01) Wilson N.1, Reed J.1, Napoe G.1, Piaskowski S.1, Szymanski A.1, Furlott J.1, Gonzalez E.1, Yant L.1, Rakasz E.1, McDermott A.2, O'Connor D.1, Friedrich T.1, Maness N.1, May G.1, Allison D.3, Picker L.4, Wang F.5, Liang X.5, Shiver J.5, Casimiro D.5, Watkins D.1 Development of an HIV vaccine that induces broadly reactive neutralizing antibodies has proven to be difficult due to the enormous diversity of the envelope and the difficulty in neutralizing primary isolates. The vaccine field is currently focused on generating a vaccine that induces potent cellular immune responses that control viral replication. |
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