Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1001)
Grivel JC, Ito Y, Womack C, Lusso P, Margolis L; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 infection is transmitted predominantly by CCR5-using (R5) HIV-1 variants. The switch to CXCR4-using variants (X4) (R5-X4 switch) that often occurs in the course of HIV disease is associated with a rapid decline in CD4+T cells. The cause of neither of the R5-X4 switch, nor of differential cytopathicity
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1002)
Duus KM, Yu XF, Vlahov D, Su L; UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
BACKGROUND: Three unique patients (R1, R2, and R3) in the Baltimore ALIVE cohort progressed to AIDS very rapidly and disease progression was associated with rapid depletion of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations. The HIV-1 isolated from these patients at serum conversion was characterized in vitro as Macrophage-tropi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1003)
Philpott S, Burger H, Anastos K, Kitchen CR, Salzer E, Robison E, Meyer III WA, Sacks H, Mathur-Wagh U, Brunner C, Weiser B; Wadsworth Center, New York State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Coreceptor usage plays a critical role in HIV-1 disease progression. HIV-1 strains transmitted in vivo generally utilize CCR5 (R5 viruses), but later CXCR4 (X4) strains may emerge; this switch heralds CD4+ cell depletion and clinical deterioration. We examined the effect of combination antiviral therapy on
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoOrA1004)
von Lindern JJ, Grovit-Ferbas K, Yeramian C, Pappas TC, Deng C, Herbein G, Rojo DR, Ferguson MR, Singh A, Collman RG, O'Brien WA; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
BACKGROUND: Macrophages are important target cells for HIV infection and contribute to pathogenesis by serving as a long-lived viral reservoir. Culture or cytokine activated macrophages are more susceptible to HIV infection, as compared with monocytes. Identification of cellular factors that are involved in efficient H
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1005)
Percherancier Y, Semac I, Planchenault T, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Virelizier JL, Hoessli D, Bachelerie F;;; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
Background-Recent advances have lead to the identification of rafts as platforms for numerous cellular functions including entry or budding of viruses and bacteria. HIV entry into cells involves formation of a complex between the viral Envelope and receptors CD4, CCR5 or CXCR4. We have investigated whether palmitoylati
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1051)
Richman DD, Wrin T, Little S, Petropoulos C; University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: The measurement of neutralizing antibody responses to autologous virus has been technically challenging. Using a novel HIV entry assay, we have evaluated the co-evolution of HIV envelope and neutralizing antibody from plasma following primary HIV-1 infection. METHODS: Recombinant viruses pseudotyped with pa
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1052)
McCall A, Wilson KM, Kemp BE, Catimel B, Dax EM, Cunningham P, Johnson EI; National Serology Reference Laboratory, Australia, Fitzroy, Australia
BACKGROUND: Discrimination between recent and established HIV-1 infection is necessary to measure infection incidence and correct interpretation of vaccine efficacy. The humoral immune response to HIV-1 was examined to identify markers to differentiate between early and late post-seroconversion periods. METHODS: Affini
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1053)
Kebba A, Trabattoni D, Kaleebu P, Clerici M, Imami N, Gotch F, Whitworth J; Medical Research Council's Programme on AIDS in Uganda, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
BACKGROUND: The presence of HIV-1-specific genital mucosal antibodies in HIV-1 sero-positive (SP) females establishes that the virus elicits genital humoral immune responses. Their presence in exposed yet HIV-1 sero-negative (ESN) females would suggest their relevance in AIDS vaccine design since they may be contributi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1054)
Morris L, Taylor N, Oceguera L, Bures R, Gray C, Sheppard H, Hanson C, Montefiori D; AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Antibodies capable of blocking HIV-1 entry are an important component of immune control and a desirable response to immunization with candidate HIV-1 vaccines. In preparation for HIV-1 vaccine trials, sera from 4 countries in southern Africa afflicted by HIV-1 subtype C were used to determine the extent of
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1055)
Kebba A, Serwanga J, Kaleebu P, Rowland S, Yirrell D, Imami N, Gotch F, Whitworth J; Medical Research Council's Programme on AIDS in Uganda, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
BACKGROUND: CD4+ T cell help is important for the functionality of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in limiting viral replication and may contribute to mediation of resistance to HIV-1 infection in ESNs. The presence of HIV-1-specific CD4+ Helper T lymphocyte (HTL) responses in ESNs would therefore suggest their eli
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1056)
Truong XL, Scott-Algara D, Luong TT, David A, Versmisse P, Perez-Bercoff D, Nguyen VN, Tran KH, Cao TC, Follezou JY, Theodorou I, Sinoussi FB, Pancino G; Institut Pasteur, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
BACKGROUND: We have previously described a population of highly exposed seronegative individuals among intravascular drug users (IVDUs) in Ho Chi Minh City ( Vietnam ). The aim of this study was to identify immune factors of protection against HIV-1 in exposed uninfected (EU) IVDUs, focusing innate immunity, including
Int conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1088)
Rosati M, Eyler P, Valentin A, Trivedi H, Biragyn A, W Kwak LW, Markham P, Woodward R, von Gegerfelt A, Miller, Felber, Pavlaki;;; NCI-Frederick, Frederick, United States
BACKGROUND: DNA-based immunogens promise to provide simple and cost-effective vaccinesalthough their potential has not been fully explored. METHODS: We have generated several vectors that express HIV or SIV structural proteins independently of the normal HIV-encoded regulatory system (Rev/RRE). The expression vectors e
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1089)
nigs C, Pustowka A, Wegner V, Benz A, Landersz M, Griesinger C, Robinson J, Dietrich U; Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
BACKGROUND: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been identified that bind to highly conserved regions on HIV-1 gp120 and are able to neutralize a broad range of different HIV-1 isolates. The binding site for one of these mAbs, termed 17b, overlaps with the coreceptor binding site and single amino acids relevant for bindi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1090)
Kent SJ, Dale CJ, Rose RD, Medveczky CJ, Ramshaw IA; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
BACKGROUND: Detection of HIV-specific T cell immunity induced by vaccines has been, up to date, at best indirect. We studied the direct killing of HIV labeled cells in vivo tracking dye-labeled cells in macaques receiving highly T cell immunogenic vaccines. METHODS: Macaques were vaccinated consecutively with DNA and F
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1091)
Lifson JD; SAIC Frederick, NCI, Frederick, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: We used a novel chemical inactivation method to produce non-infectious SIV virions with functional envelope glycoproteins. We tested the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of this immunogen, with and without CpG motif containing immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides (ISS ODN), in the rhesus/SIVmac239
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1092)
Su J, Xiong Y, Li B, Luscher M, Amara RR, Robinson HL, MacDonald KS;;; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: To study the magnitude, diversification, and MHC restriction of CTL responses over time post vaccination and viral challenge, and their correlation with disease suppression. METHODS: DNA priming followed by a MVA booster vaccine (SIV-Gag-Pol, HIV-1 Env) was used in a SHIV/rhesus macaque model. PBMC s collec
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrA1093)
Moore JP, Sanders RW, Vesanen M, Beddows S, Lu M, Schuelke N, Gardner J, Maddon PJ, Olson WC; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Dept. of Microbiology &Immunology, New York, United States
The native HIV-1 envelope complex is a trimeric structure containing 3 gp120 and 3 gp41 subunits, all associated via non-covalent interactions. This complex is the target for neutralizing antibodies, and may be an effective immunogen for inducing these antibodies. Unfortunately, the native complex is too unstable to be
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1006)
Grant AD, Charalambous S, Fielding K, Day JH, Moyake T, Mahasela B, Corbett EL, Hayes RJ, Churchyard GJ; London School of Hygiene &Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Interventions to limit the impact of HIV disease among working populations in Southern Africa are urgently required. We investigated the impact of primary preventive therapy with cotrimoxazole and isoniazid (IPT) given according to UNAIDS guidelines on the incidence of
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1007)
Miro JM, Lopez JC, Podzamczer D, Pena JM, Alberdi JC, Claramonte X, Martinez E, Cosin J, Arribas JR, Domingo P, Casado JL, Ribera E, Santin M, de Miguel V; Hospital Clinic - Idibaps, Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of discontinuing TE MT in HIV-1-infected patients after immunological reconstitution with HAART. METHODS: Prospective, randomised, open & multicentric trial to evaluate withdrawal or not of TE MT. All patients had to meet the following criteria: 1) Previo
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1008)
Kigozi B, Van der Paal LV, Mayanja B, Eotu H, Whitworth JA;;; Medical Research Council Programme on AIDS-Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
BACKGROUND: Patients with HIV are at a high risk of bacteremia. The Uganda STI/AIDS Control Programme recommends use of low cost drugs for prophylaxis and treatment of HIV/ AIDS related opportunistic infections. Yet, little is known about their sensitivity patterns. METHODS: We analysed results from 114 HIV-1 infected
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1009)
Brooks JT, Adams MR, McNaghten AD, Swerdlow DL; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta GA, United States
BACKGROUND: We sought to characterize factors associated with increased risk of Sp infection and isolation of nonsusceptible strains in HIV-infected adults. METHODS: We used data from the ASD Project, which longitudinally abstracts medical records of HIV-infected persons >13 years old at >100 clinics in 11 U.S. cities.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1010)
Moss NJ, Perdreau-Remington F, Bangsberg DR, Charlebois ED; UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of bacteremia, pneumonia, and soft tissue infections in HIV(+) individuals. Higher rates of S. aureus colonization have been reported in HIV(+) individuals. We examined the relationship between CD4 cell count and nasal colonization with S. aureus among HIV positiv
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1057)
Mohsen AH, Taylor C, Portmann B, Norris S, Kulasegaram R, Murad S, Easterbrook P; King's College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
Introduction: There is limited comparative histological data on the relative rate of HCV progression in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV)co-infection. Aim: To compare the progression of hepatic fibrosis in HIV-HCV coinfected and HCV infected patients. METHODS: Patients were included
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1058)
Justice AC, Wagner JH, Fusco GP, Dieterich DT, Becker SL, McGinnis KA, Conigliaro J, Bonomo R, Rodriguez-Barradas M, CHORUS project team A, VACS 3 projec team A; U. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
BACKGROUND: Whether by HAART, viral hepatitis, or alcohol, transaminitis (elevated ALT and AST) is common among those with HIV infection. We used data from VACS 3 and CHORUS to determine the importance of transaminitis in predicting survival after adjusting for CD4 count and HIV-1 RNA. METHODS: The VACS 3 and CHORUS co
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1059)
Smith DM, Puoti M, Sulkowski M, Findor J, Carosi GP, Gilbert TL, DePamphilis J, Cupelli LA, Torriani FJ; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
BACKGROUND: Symptomatic hyperlactatemia (SHL) is a complication of nucleoside analog HIV therapy and specifically stavudine (D4T). SHL is also seen in HIV and HCV co-infected (HIV/HCV) patients treated with didanosine (DDI) and ribavirin (RIB).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1060)
Roland ME, Carlson L, Ragni M, Rohal S, Keller M, Murphy B, Kim-Schluger L, Humar A, Pruett T, Berg C, Lu A, Bennett W, Jacobson J, Olthoff K, Kumar MS, Gold M, Damask A, Light JW, Redfield R, Allee M, Fung J, Stock P; Univ of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: The safety and efficacy of transplantation in the HAART-era are being evaluated in a prospective study. 47 transplants (tx) occurred at collaborating centers prior to study initiation. METHODS: Collection of retrospective data from liver (L) and kidney (K) tx recipients who would have met study eligibility
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1094)
Ramanathan K, Hamoudi A, Narasimhan V, Otsweleng R, Mazonde P, Marlink R; Harvard AIDS Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: Currently, there is little data on the costs and cost-effectiveness of a fully scaled, nationwide HAART intervention in sub-Saharan Africa. As part of a larger cost-effectiveness study on HAART in Botswana , our group developed an approach to estimate the costs of health services with the introduction of HA
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1095)
Kasper T, Hilderbrand K, Tshabane N, Louis F, Reuter H, Labatala V, Coetzee D, Goemaere E; Medecins Sans Frontieres, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: In May 2001, Medecins Sans Frontieres added highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to a package of services available in dedicated HIV clinics at three government-run primary health care (PHC) centers in Khayelitsha, a poor township of Cape Town, South Africa . Patients with advanced HIV disease (CD4
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1096)
Eholie SP, Bissagnene E, Gaumon A, Mambo J, Guiza J, Kakou A, Kadio A; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
OBJECTIVES: To assess the socioeconomic impact of HIV infection on a private company of Abidjan and to demonstrate interest of providing care and ARVs to HIV(+) employees. METHODS: The study was conducted in a private company of 3500 employees with the approval of the management team, and informed consent was requested
BACKGROUND: HIV-antiretrovirals (ARV) are officially prescribed in 10 government and private-not for-profit UNAIDS accredited centers. However, little is known about ARV use in the private-for-profit (PfP)-medical facilities (mf). Midway International in collaboration with Medical Access
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1098)
Teixeira PR, Santos CE, Vitoria MA, Lima JN, Sakita KM, Grangeiro AL, Costa-Filho RB, Sudo EC; STD/AIDS Program, Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil
ISSUES: The Brazilian MOH has made the combined ART including PI and NNRTI universally available since 96,with logistic and criteria distribution based on regularly updated national guidelines. By Dec.2001, 113000 patients was benefit from this program. As a result there has been a significant fall in morbidity/mortali
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1129)
Tudor-Williams G, Head S, Weigel R, Valerius NH, Riddell A, Lyall EG; St. Mary's Hospital / Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Triple drug regimens fail to suppress HIV in more than 50% of sick infants. Protease inhibitors for children have problems with adherence, pharmacodynamics, and long term toxicities. We have designed a protease-sparing combination with 4 palatable suspensions that require no food restrictions. METHODS: The
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1130)
Buseyne F, Lechenadec J, Porrot F, Corre B, Burgard M, Rouzioux C, Blanche S, Riviere Y; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: HIV-specific CD8+ T cells play a major role in the containment of HIV replication and disease progression. We previously showed that the presence of HIV-specific CTL in the peripheral blood of perinatally infected children during the first year of age is associated with a less severe disease course. The pre
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1131)
Meyers TM, Kuhn L, Meddows-Taylor S, Tiemessen C, Simmank K, Sherman GG; Paediatrics Department, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Delaying initiation of ART is an appealing strategy in children who face prolonged courses of therapy exposing them to toxicity and compliance problems. In resource-poor settings, it is also attractive to limit use of antiretroviral therapy among children until it becomes necessary. PENTA guidelines suggest
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1132)
McConnell M, Sukalac T, Hsu H, Orengo JC, Rakusan T, Peters V, Melville S, Frederick T, Dominguez K, Pediatric Spectrum of HIV Disease Consortium PS; EIS, Division of Applied Public Health Training, Division of HIV/AIDS, CDC, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: It is critical to monitor patterns of antiretroviral therapy (ART) usage in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Current guidelines for initial ART in children recommend at least three drugs. METHODS: The Pediatric Spectrum of Disease (PSD) is an ongoing longitudinal chart review of HIV-
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of ADRs following antiretroviral treatment in HIV+ children METHOD: A cohort study based on data collected between 1998-2000. All treated children, aged 1-18 years, followed by 29 Institutions of the Italian Register for Paediatric HIV were enrolled. All ADRs, consisting in clinical
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrB1134)
Sanchez-Torres AM, Munoz-Muniz R, Madero R, Borque C, Garcia-Miguel MJ, de Jose MI; La Paz Children Hospital, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: The lipodystrophy syndrome(LPDS)is being described in HIV-infected children. It includes clinical and metabolic disorders. Etiology is considered as multifactorial,it could be related with HAART(High Active Antiretroviral Treatment). Lactic acidosis,related to mytocondrial toxicity by antiretroviral treatme
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1011)
Kamali A, Muhangi L, Quigley M, Whitworth J; Medical Research Council, Entebbe, Uganda
BACKGROUND: To determine the association between prevalence and incidence of Herpes Simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), syphilis and HIV infection in a community-randomized trial (CRT). METHODS: About 20000 adults (13+ years) residing in 18 communities were enrolled in a CRT between 1994-2000 targeting improved sexually transmitt
BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated the impact of acute herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection on HIV acquisition, although a number of studies have identified genital ulcer disease as a major risk factor for HIV infection. We hypothesized that primary genital HSV-2 infection is a critical risk factor for pri
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1013)
Fenton KA, Hughes G, Evans B; PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Recent outbreaks of syphilis among homosexual men in England have raised concerns regarding a resurgence in high-risk sexual behaviours and a deterioration of sexual health in this group. In this paper we examine national surveillance data to determine the potential impact of the outbreaks on HIV transmissi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1014)
Stenger MR, Djomand G; Washington State Department of Health, Olympia, Washington, United States
BACKGROUND: Increases in sexually transmitted infection (STI) morbidity among persons with HIV disease may reflect a trend toward higher-risk behaviors, especially among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) in the United States . Mounting evidence for a measurably increased risk of HIV-transmission/acquisition in the presen
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1015)
Mbizvo E, Msuya S, Chirenje M, Mbizvo MT, Hussan A, Stray-Pedersen B; Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Program, Harare, Zimbabwe
BACKGROUND: As HIV infection continues to rise especially in sub-Saharan Africa, elaboration of HIV prevalence and associated risk factors in similar study populations, could help elucidate factors which determine the rate and extent of spread of HIV. Such information is necessary in developing cohesive preventive stra
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1016)
Voeten HA, O'Hara HB, Kusimba J, Otido JM, Ndinya-Achola JO, Bwayo JJ, Habbema JD; Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
BACKGROUND: Health seeking behaviour for STD is an important factor in the control of STD, including HIV. Most studies are clinic-based, thereby not covering patients who never attend a clinic. METHODS: A population-based survey was held among 1929 adults in four poor areas in Nairobi. For the 318 individuals who exper
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1039)
Cleghorn FR, Sill A, Jack NE, Smith H, Forsythe-Duke V, Kreisel K, Banfield-Roach D, Bartholomew C, Constantine N, Blattner WA; University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: The use of cross-sectional sampling methods to estimate HIV incidence via sensitive/less sensitive (S/LS) assays has expanded in the past 5 years. Current data suggest that incidence using this approach is over-estimated by 10-20%, based largely on the imperfect sensitivity and specificity of the assay. OBJ
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1040)
Rollins NC, Dedicoat M, Danaviah S, Page T, Bishop K, Coovadia HM, Cassol S; Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, Mtubatuba, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Services for the prevention, treatment and care of HIV-1 infections are likely to be scaled up consequent to the renewed global commitment to controlling the AIDS pandemic. We describe a simple, robust approach for monitoring HIV-1 prevalence, incidence and mother-to-child transmission rates in rural Africa
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1041)
Suligoi B, Massi M, Sciandra M, Sora FD, Galli C, Pezzotti P, Rezza G; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: To assess changes in the HIV epidemic, incidence estimates are essential, yet they are best obtained through longitudinal studies, which are complicated and time-consuming. We evaluated a new procedure for identifying recent infections based on an automated enzyme immunoassay. METHODS: We conducted a longit
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1042)
Murta C, Casado MJ, Casabona J, Ros R, Sierra E, Zaragoza K, Barbera N, Vega de X;;; CEESCAT, Badalona, Spain
BACKGROUND: The best type of study to identify new HIV infections is the longitudinal cohort study, though it may prove difficult to realise, is expensive and demands a long period of follow-up. Given that many people who look for anonymous HIV testing in Catalonia are repeating it, the aim of this study was to estimat
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1043)
Parry JV, Murphy G, Osner N, Charlet A, Jordan LF, Porter K, Whitworth J; Central Public Health Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND - Two assays, the Abbott 3A11 and the Organon Teknika Vironostika (OT), have been validated for use in the Serological Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS). The ability of these assays accurately to identify recent infection was compared. METHODS - Single specimens from seroconvertors on
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1044)
McDonald A, Cunningham P, Delpech V, Kaldor JM; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
BACKGROUND: In Australia , evidence of the recency of infection with HIV-1 is routinely collected through national surveillance for newly diagnosed HIV infection, based on a previous negative test or a diagnosis of primary infection. Because such information is only available on a limited number of cases, surveillance
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1099)
Charalambous S, Moloi VM, Grant AD, Seabi O, Mangenene N, Rankhakile MK, Churchyard GJ, Corbett EL; Aurum Health Research, Welkom, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Factors influencing the prevalence of untreated TB disease, a major determinant of TB transmission rates, are poorly understood. METHODS: Mineworkers attending annual fitness examination were tested for HIV with consent and screened for TB using a questionnaire, mini x-ray and microscopy and culture of 2 sp
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1100)
Day JH, Grant AD, Fielding KL, Moloi VM, Morris L, Chaisson RE, Cock KM, Hayes RJ, Churchyard GJ; Aurum Health Research, Welkom, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most important disease among HIV-infected persons world-wide. It is proposed that TB-associated immune activation may accelerate the progression of HIV disease. HIV viral load (VL) is elevated in individuals during episodes of TB and remains high at treatment completion. To determin
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1101)
Reichler M, Reves R, Mangura B, Bur S, Thompson V, Ford J; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND. Persons with recently acquired latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection are at high risk of rapid progression to TB disease. METHODS. To determine the proportion of close contacts (CC) to infectious TB cases tested for HIV, and the results of HIV testing for thi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1102)
Sonnenberg P, Glynn JR, Fielding K, Godfrey-Faussett P, Murray J, Shearer S; London School of Hygiene &Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: HIV increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB), but no study has assessed how soon after infection with HIV this risk starts to rise and how it changes with duration of infection. This is essential for planning interventions and estimating disease burden. METHODS: The incidence of pulmonary TB was estimated in
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1103)
Ayles HM, Shasulwe H, Lungu L, Mukonka M, Nkhata K, Bond V, Godfrey-Faussett P;;; Zambart Project, Lusaka, Zambia
BACKGROUND: Adherence to long term treatment presents many challenges to people living with HIV, particularly in poor environments with much stigma. TB preventive therapy (TBPT) is advocated for individuals living with HIV in high TB incidence areas. Implementation has been difficult to achieve and adherence to treatme
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrC1104)
Wells CD, Priedulena I, Riekstina V, Sture G, Leimane V; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
BACKGROUND: In the first World Health Organization (WHO) global survey of tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance in 1996, Latvia had the highest level of multidrug resistant (MDR) TB - resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin - of all count
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1017)
Rumakom P; Horizons, The Population Council, Bangkok, Thailand
BACKGROUND: To examine the time from HIV infection to HIV positive diagnosis and determine factors that can reduce this duration. METHODS: A cohort of 361 Thai HIV positive participants were enrolled from Lampang province, Northern Thailand from 1999-2001. Life tables were used to calculate the probability of time from
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1018)
Metcalf CA, Dillon BA, Douglas JM, Padilla SM, Paul SM, Young PA, Lindsey CA, Peterman TA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: Project RESPECT found that HIV testing with 2 sessions of prevention counseling prevented more STDs than HIV testing with information alone, but that the effect waned over time. We assessed whether a booster counseling session 6 months after HIV testing and counseling would further prevent STD. METHODS: Con
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1019)
Metcalf CA, Cross H, Dillon BA, Douglas JM, Malotte CK, Young PA, Lindsey CA, Peterman TA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: Project RESPECT found that HIV testing with 2 sessions of prevention counseling can prevent more sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) than HIV testing with information alone. In practice, many patients do not return for their HIV test result and 2nd counseling session. We compared rapid HIV testing with all
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1020)
Dyk AC; University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
BACKGROUND: VCT is in its infancy in South Africa and is mainly used for diagnostic purposes. The aim of this study is to determine the needs, attitudes and beliefs towards VCT to assist in the implementation of comprehensive VCT services. METHODS: 1422 participants - 38% male and 62% female with a mean age of 32.5 yea
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1021)
Juma MA, McCauley AP, Kirumira E, Bufumbo L, Kakande N, Kalule J, Lukenge D, Geibel S; Horizons Program/Population Council, Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) programs have persuaded some adults to adopt behavior that reduces their chances of HIV infection. To see whether VCT would benefit youth, data were collected on young people leaving VCT services. A campaign to attract more young people to VCT followed. METHODS: 369 yo
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1022)
Kalibala S, Neema S, Waibale P, Kalule J, Rutenberg N, Wangalwa S, Geibel S, Kibombo R, Mulondo N, Lukanika H, Tumuhairwe K, Wanderema S, Mukasa S, Tumuhairwe E; Population Council, Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: Services for the management of TB, STDs, and FP provide an opportunity to discuss HIV and offer VCT. Efforts have been undertaken in Uganda to offer a comprehensive package of VCT, FP, TB, and STD and care and support services at 4 AIDS Information Centre (AIC) and 9 primary health care (PHC) facilities. In
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1061)
Sherman SG, Shepherd M, Vlahov D, Bareta JC, Valente TW, Huettner S, Strathdee SA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Secondary exchangers may play an important role in increasing sterile syringe coverage to IDUs who do not attend syringe exchange programs (SEPs). We compared HIV injection risk and syringe disposal practices between high (HVEs) and low volume exchangers (LVEs). METHODS: All syringes exchanged at the Baltim
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1062)
Vickerman PT, Watts C; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Needle exchange projects (NEPs) are effective in reducing HIV transmission amongst intravenous drug users (IDUs). However, there is little data on the required coverage and syringe exchange rate to result in a significant decrease in HIV transmission. We use a mathematical model to study this question for a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1063)
Burrows D;;; 3 Palms Consulting, Sydney, Australia
A World Bank commissioned study in 2001 examined best practice harm reduction for HIV prevention among injecting drug users (IDUs) in community and prisons settings in Russian Federation (RF). The project report is based on 26 surveys completed by needle and syringe exchange projects (NSEPs) in RF, interviews with NSEP
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1064)
Hutin YJ, Hauri A;;; WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
BACKGROUND: In a number of countries, reports of nosocomial HIV transmission lead to improvement of injection practices in health care setting. However, unsafe injection practices persist. We reviewed the literature to assess injection safety and injection frequency in developing and transitional countries and evaluate
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoOrD1065)
Perlis T, Jarlais DD, Poznyak V, Monteiro M, Stimson G, Fitch C; National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Injecting drug use (IDU) and HIV among IDUs are spreading rapidly in developing/transitional (D/T) countries. Effective interventions exist mostly in industrialized countries. Controlling current/emerging epidemics requires data collection that is locally relevant but also permits cross-national comparisons
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1066)
Batista SR, Inchaurraga S, Castano GA, Osimani ML, Fresco M, Hurtado J, Flores P, Ramos ME;;; RELARD, Curitiba, Brazil
ISSUE: The importance of constructing networks to strengthen harm reduction actions in Latin America. DESCRIPTION: Latin America is the third region in the world in cases of HIV/AIDS. However, differently from other regions where the infection occurs mainly through sexual exposure, the Latin American profile, especiall
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1085)
Orroth KK, Korenromp EL, White RG, Gavyole A, Sewankambo NK, Wawer MJ, Whitworth JA, Grosskurth H, Habbema JD, Hayes RJ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Title Differences between the Mwanza, Rakai and Masaka populations: a reanalysis of trial data BACKGROUND: Community randomised trials in Mwanza, Rakai and Masaka have reported differing impacts of STD treatment on HIV incidence. Data on sexual behaviour and STD prevalences were compared between the three trials to det
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1086)
White RG, Orroth KK, Korenromp EL, Bakker R, Wambura M, Sewankambo NK, Wawer MJ, Kamali A, Grosskurth H, Habbema JD, Hayes RJ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Differences in sexual behaviour and curable STD prevalence have been hypothesized as an explanation for the differential impact of the Mwanza, Rakai and Masaka HIV/STD intervention trials. This study tests this hypothesis using microsimulation modelling. METHODS: The STDSIM microsimulation model was used to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1087)
White RG, Orroth KK, Korenromp EL, Bakker R, Wambura M, Serwadda D, Whitworth JA, Gray RH, Grosskurth H, Habbema JD, Hayes RJ; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Population differences have provided an explanation for the differential impact observed in the Mwanza, Rakai and Masaka STD/HIV intervention trials. We explore the impact of the 4 HIV prevention strategies in a range of populations. METHODS: The STDSIM microsimulation model was used to simulate the transmi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1105)
Jackson JB, Barnett S, Apuzzo L, Raines C, Gallant J, Hendrix C, Piwowar-Manning E, Hamzeh F; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: A two dose regimen of Nevirapine (NVP) has been shown to be effective in protecting newborns from becoming HIV infected when given perinatally. A low dose NVP regimen may be effective in protecting against sexual or blood transmission of HIV. Therefore, a Phase I/II trial (HIVHOP 101) of giving a 200 mg tab
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1106)
Rapparini C, Saraceni V, Cruz M, Mendes R, Durovni B; Rio de Janeiro City Health Secretariat, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is recommended for health care workers (HCWs) following high risk occupational exposure. Since the toxicity and side effects of PEP are significant, timely HIV results on the source patient are essential to limit days on PEP when the source is HIV negative. In 1997, rapid HIV tests were
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1107)
Grohskopf LA, Smith DK, Kunches LM, Robert LM, McGowan L, Paxton LA, Greenberg AE; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
BACKGROUND: Better characterization of frequency of use and efficacy of post-exposure prophylaxis for non-occupational HIV exposures (nPEP) is needed to formulate guidelines for its use. METHODS: A U.S. national registry was established in 1999 for voluntary reporting of non-occupational HIV exposures and nPEP use. Par
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1108)
Simon BG, Almeda J, Casabona J, Rey D, Puro V, Van Den Hoek A, Bernasconi E, Bergin C, Evans B, Lazanas M, Marcus U, Mota Miranda A, Tomazic J, rard M; CEESCAT, Hospital Universitai Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
BACKGROUND: Although there are no efficacy data on non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (NONOPEP), it is widely used. Following USA and Australia initiatives, an European Registry (European Commission, DGHCP) was implemented in April 2001 in 14 countries, to assess the feasibility, and eventually the effectivenes
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1109)
Belanger F, Malonga M, Duguey O, Garcia M, Ebandza J, Mbemba A, Salignon P, Legros D;;; Epicentre, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: An estimated 800,000 displaced people were affected by the war in Congo-Brazzaville. Returnees came back to Brazzaville from May 1999 until February 2000. In addition to medical and nutritional support to returnees, Medecins sans Frontieres reinforced the Congolese program for the victims of sexual violence
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrD1110)
Freers J, Kellett J, Mayanja-Kizza H; Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: Frequency of nosocomial exposures, side effects and cumulative cost of ARV s make recommended PEP regimens impractical for HCW in Africa. Non-occupational risks of HIV appear to make PEP pointless for the extra risk run by HCW in Africa. Nevirapine with its rapid absorption, long half life and lack of
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1023)
Dubey N;;; Lawyers Collective HIV/AIDS Unit, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND: Identifying impediments in Indian law and legal procedure permits a comprehensive understanding of the social and ethical issues that heighten the vulnerability of women to HIV and the targeting of areas of legal reform. Accordingly, a study of about 70 legal cases was undertaken in order to understand the
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1024)
Fonseca MC, Barber-Madden R, Ribeiro JT; universidad anonima de barcelona, barcelona, Spain
issue: until recently humanitarian assistance has focussed primarily on basic services, with little attention to hiv/aids prevention and reproductive rights. description: a qualitative-quantitative study of 2000 women and men in idp camps and peri-urban areas in angola analysed migration, fertility, mortality, gender,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1025)
Zitongo B, M'bringa M; Onusida-Centrafrique, Bangui, Central African Republic
BACKGROUND: The issues related to gender are a very important challenges in case of Central African Republic . In this country, the male culture is very strong and determining for all human activities. Today HIV/AIDS is an important public health problem and development. Its rate at national level reaches 13,84%. It is
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1026)
Olatidoye F, Baruwa O, Olasusi O, Odutolu B, Odutolu O; life vanguards, Osogbo, Nigeria
ISSUE: Globally, more than 30% of people already infected are between 15 and 24 years and more 50-60% of new infections are found in the group. Young women are particularly at risk due in most cases to the reality of their economic condition which makes them dependent economically on their male counterparts. The condit
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1027)
Gomez CA, van der Stratten A, Padian N; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), AIDS Research Institute (ARI), University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
BACKGROUND. Serodiscordant couples present unique intervention challenges in the face of real risk for HIV transmission. The California Partners Study II was a randomized controlled intervention trial for serodiscordant heterosexual couples reporting unprotected vaginal or anal sex in the previous six months. METHODS.
BACKGROUND: Gender in Bangladesh is key factor in defining social roles, responsibilities, and power relationships within the family. Men are the main wage earners and decision makers. Analysis of norms and behaviour related to gender, power relationships and sexuality shows that they are embedded in the social constru
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1067)
Barnes DB; California State University, Hayward, Hayward, United States
BACKGROUND: Given the use of antiretroviral therapy, women with HIV can live longer, and reduce the risk of vertical transmission to their children. This has the potential to increase HIV positive women s reproductive lives. An understanding of what influences women s reproductive decisions is paramount to constructing
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1068)
Barbosa RM, Knauth DR, Hopkins K, Potter JE; Center for Population Studies/University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
BACKGROUND: The reproductive rights and choices of HIV positive women are a global public health concern. The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Brazil mirrors international trends as HIV infection among women of reproductive age continues to rise. Though little is known about the contraceptive experiences of HIV-positive women, the
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1069)
McDonald KM, Kirkman M; Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health &Society, Melbourne, Australia
BACKGROUND: There have been numerous clinical trials and considerable public discussion about the impact of advances in antiretroviral (ARV) therapy during pregnancy and childbirth, but little of this has focused on the views of arguably the most important affected population, namely women living with HIV/AIDS. This pa
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1070)
Savasi V, Persico T, Oneta M, Lanzani C, Crivelli M, Grandi MD, Morgan JA, Ferrazzi E; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Luigi Sacco Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
ISSUES: Assisting HIV infected males and their seronegative female partners wishing to have a child by offering timed intrauterine insemination after sperm washing. The desire of a child is spontaneous in a stable couple and today HIV discordant couples should be considered as people that live a chronic illness. DESCRI
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1071)
Coulon M, Rey D, Poizot-Martin I, Gallais H, Obadia Y; ORS Paca, Marseille, France
OBJECTIVES: To describe obstetrical history and factors that may have influenced pregnancy outcomes among the 137 women included in the MANIF 2000 cohort, a study that enrolled 467 patients HIV-infected through injecting drug use. METHODS: A qualitative study based on semi-structured in-depth interviews carried on amon
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1072)
Moyo W; University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
BACKGROUND: In a background of very high prevalence of HIV infection among women of child-bearing age and increasing demand for treatment to prevent mother to child transmission, we investigated the impact of perceived HIV risk, reporting at least one child death and spontaneous abortion in the past five years on the d
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1111)
Susser IS, Lee RB, Ipinge S, Parisi PE; City University of New York, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: in order to develop appropriate and sustainable measures to halt the transmission of HIV/AIDS in southern Africa today we need to recognize underappreciated capacities for changing relations of sexual authority between men and women as they are confronted with the ever-increasing mortality from the disease
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1112)
Nyanzi B, Nyanzi S, Wolff B, Whitworth JA; Medical Research Council/ Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O.Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
BACKGROUND: Market work requires access to cash, independent decision-making, high levels of mobility and social interaction. We studied whether cash empowerment leads to better sexual negotiation power or sexual health for women. METHODS 12 focus group discussions and 60 indepth interviews were conducted among market
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1113)
Bugenyi J, Matasha E, Gavyole A, Swalehe Z, Kamanya V, Bwibo R; African Medical and Research Foundation - (AMREF), Mwanza, Tanzania
ISSUES: Some of the traditional practices in Tanzania put women in a greater risk of acquiring HIV/AIDS. Such practices have brought up people with gender inequalities and relationships. Addressing such practices may reduce such risk. DESCRIPTION: In April 2000, a KAP study was carried in four communities of the Lake Z
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1114)
Amin AN, Bentley M; Center for Health and Gender Equity, Takoma Park, United States
BACKGROUND: The HIV epidemic has focused attention on the role of gender inequality as a critical factor in making women disproportionately vulnerable to the infection, and the need to control sexually transmitted infections (STI). Efforts to prevent HIV and control STI depend on women s perception of morbidity and sub
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1115)
Kemmegne J, Nguemen F; University of Yaounde 1/Cameroon Psychology Forum, Yaounde, Cameroon
Backgroung : The study examined men versus women attitudes towards the female condom (FC). METHODS: Volunteers (Male & Female) were recruited from among sexually active subjects, living in Yaounde, Cameroon . They were each given 6FCs for use with the partner(s). One month later, they were interviewed using a semi-
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrE1116)
Chinake H, Dunbar M, van der Straten A, Esim S, Makunike B, Vere A, Padian N; University of Zimbabwe- University of California Collaborative Research Programme in Women's Health, Harare, Zimbabwe
BACKGROUND: Studies indicate that many adolescent girls and some adolescent boys in sub-Saharan Africa engage in sexual relationships with older partners (intergenerational sex), which may put them at risk for HIV infection. METHODS: We conducted eight focus group discussions (FGDs) among 71, 16-19 year old in- and out
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1029)
Sowell RL, Phillips KD, Richter DL; Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia, United States
ISSUES: Perinatal transmission accounts for almost all cases of HIV infection in infants. However, despite advancements in therapies to decrease perinatal transmission of HIV, there is evidence that many HIV-infected women still lack information about how best to support the health of their unborn infants. DESCRIPTION:
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1030)
Papathakis PC, Rollins NC; Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, Mtubatuba, South Africa
ISSUES: Little is known about nutritional adequacy and feasibility of several feeding options presented in the WHO guidelines for infants of HIV-infected mothers. DESCRIPTION: To explore the suitability of the current feeding recommendations for infants of HIV-infected mothers in the South African context, we compared
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1031)
Besser MJ; University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
ISSUES: Women diagnosed with HIV infection during pregnancy need education, counselling and support. Education improves adherence to antiretroviral treatment regimens and feeding practices. Counselling and support improves quality of life. Most women, when diagnosed with HIV during pregnancy, are unable or unwilling to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1032)
Shutes E, Vwalika C, Kasonde P, Sinkala M, Kankasa C, Allen S, Aldrovandi G, Kuhn L, Thea DM; Boston University, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: Both mothers and fathers should be involved in making informed decisions about how to protect their children from HIV. Programs to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission are usually conducted within antenatal clinics, services rarely, if ever, attended by men in southern Africa. Strategies to involve men
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1033)
van't Hoog AH, Otieno J, Marum L, Obare-Okeyo R, Taren D, Misore A, DeCock K;;; CDC/KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya
ISSUES: To provide comprehensive PMCT services and develop an effective model, a pilot program was started in May 2001 in Kisumu using the HIVNET 012 regimen. DESCRIPTION: A package of interventions was integrated in the Antenatal Clinic (ANC) and maternity ward at the Provincial Hospital, a public referral hospital wi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1034)
Teerawattananon DR, Tangchareansathien DR; Senior Research Schollar Porgramme on Health Policy and Finance, Nonthaburi, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Thai government provides free services for two rounds of Voluntary Counseling and Testing(VCT) to all pregnancies. Pregnancies with HIV infections receive free national regimen zidovudine ( AZT ), breast milk substitutes, and VCT for newborns.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1045)
Martin DJ, Arns PG, Atkins AM, Chernoff RA, Steckart MJ, Brooks RA;;; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, United States
BACKGROUND: In 1996, we were awarded funding for a demonstration project to link community HIV-service organizations with a local career transition center to provide workforce-reentry assistance for people with HIV. DESCRIPTION: Following a comprehensive assessment (including psychosocial, mental-health, neuropsycholog
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1046)
Odek WO, Costigan A, Ngugi EN, Moses S, Plummer FA, Oneko M;;; Improve Your Business-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
ISSUES: Micro-finance - the provision of financial services like loans, savings and insurance to the low-income households - has gained prominence as a poverty alleviation tool. HIV/AIDS, however, challenges the conventional Micro-finance principles by exacerbating the general poverty that most Micro-finance programs e
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1047)
Gilborn LZ, Nyonyintono R, Kabumbuli R, Jagwe-Wadda G; Population Council, Washington, DC, United States
BACKGROUND: Operations research in Uganda tested the impact of orphan support (OS) and succession planning (SP) on children affected by AIDS (CABA), HIV positive parents and guardians. SP supports parents in planning for their children s future through: voluntarily disclosing HIV-status to children, appointing future g
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1048)
Sivaram S; Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND. Devadasi women are a class of women who, historically, are dedicated to the service of the Gods. Today, this has evolved to sanctioned prostitution - as a result of which many women from this part of the country are supplied to the sex trade in big cities such as Mumbai. In the study area, devadasi women we
ISSUES: Survive children of the AIDS families were often left to grow up without enough support for their physical, mental and social development. There is an urgent need to assist them to pass through the crisis and to maintain their education long enough to be able to grow up normally. DESCRIPTION: Panyaphiwat Group,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1050)
Kaseke S, Germann S; Salvation Army Masiye Camp, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
ISSUE: With the scenario that up to 35% of children might be orphans due to AIDS in several southern African countries by 2010, failure to support children to overcome trauma and grief related to HIV/AIDS will have very negative impacts on society and might cause dysfunctional societies, jeopardizing years of investmen
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1073)
Day JH, Miyamura K, Grant AD, Leeuw A, Magadla B, Munsamy J, Baggaley R, Churchyard GJ; Aurum Health Research, Welkom, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) for HIV has been available within the health service of a gold mining company in South Africa since 1991, but spontaneous uptake has been low. In March 2001 the VCT service was re-launched using rapid tests and anonymised record cards. A survey was conducted to invest
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1074)
Yadav S, Vasta V, Ambwani PN, Gilada IS, Akhtar S; People's Health Organisation (India), Mumbai, India
ISSUES: With ever-increasing HIV awareness, HIV becoming a chronic manageable disorder and cost-reduction in ART healthcare-seeking behaviour is improving. Ignorance, lack of time and fear of breach in confidentiality keep away many risk takers from the conventional HIV clinics. Owing to high real estate costs coupled
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1075)
Kiarie JN, Carey F, Kabura M, John-Stewart G; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: Abuse of women by their partners is a common and important problem. We are conducting a study to determine the correlates of abuse (withholding financial support, hurting emotionally or physical assault) and the impact of HIV-1 VCT on risk of abuse. METHODS: Women receive antenatal VCT alone or with their p
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1076)
Ray S;;; SAfAIDS, Harare, Zimbabwe
ISSUE: Availability of antiretroviral treatments has led to remedicalisation of HIV in many parts of Southern Africa. Private doctors in particular are becoming more interested in HIV testing as entry points to providing treatment through the private sector. However, they are often not motivated, experienced or resourc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1077)
Marum E, Owiti A, Nganga L, Wambua W, Achieng R, Onyango A, Oparkar L, Odawa L, Muitherero C, DeCock KM; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) in Africa has traditionally been offered either in integrated sites in health facilities or in free-standing centers operated by non-governmental organizations. A third model of community based VCT services offered in diverse sites including churches, a youth center, a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1078)
Hargreaves NJ, Chimzizi RB, Golombe C, Munthali F, Kajawo E, Salaniponi FM; Malawi National TB Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi
ISSUES: Malawi is promoting voluntary counselling and HIV testing (VCT) as an HIV prevention strategy and the gateway to HIV care and support. The quality of VCT services must be maintained as they are scaled up. The UNAIDS VCT Quality Evaluation Tools were used to improve the quality of VCT services in Malawi.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1117)
Lopes VS, Doneda D; National STD and AIDS Programme Office, Brasilia DF, Brazil
ISSUES: The school-based projects implemented by the Brazilian Aids Program have shown positive results. This encouraging outcome is has been reached due to the improving coordination between the health - education services in the prevention efforts. Project: The Aids Program started from the basic idea that teacher tr
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1118)
Laibuta A, Rachier C, Marum E, Gikundi E, Ouko J, Njoka G, Shitekha E, Balmer D; Kenya Association of Professional Counselors, Nairobi, Kenya
ISSUES: Young people in Nairobi, Kenya have limited access to HIV prevention services, and youth are often reluctant to request services such as voluntary HIV counseling and test (VCT) in sites dominated by adults. Empowering youths to develop health sexual behavior is a priority for HIV prevention. DESCRIPTION: The Ke
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1119)
Castro J;;; Health Action Information Network, Quezon, Philippines
ISSUES: With the increasing visibility of gays in the Philippines comes the emergence of a new breed of young bakla, stereotyped as effeminate self-identified homosexual men. This group of bakla have, seemingly, fatalistic attitude towards HIV/AIDS. Despite campaigns by government and non-government organizations on HI
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1120)
DiClemente RJ, Wingood GM; Emory University Center for AIDS Research, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: Globally, young women are a subgroup with increasing HIV incidence. We evaluated a gender- and culturally-appropriate sexual health promotion program tailored for adolescent females. METHODS: Sexually active African American adolescent females (N=522) completed an assessment based on the Theory of Gender an
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1121)
Bhuiya I, Rob U, Khan ME; Population Council, Dhaka, Bangladesh
ISSUES: There are over thirty million adolescents in Bangladesh . A large majority of them lack information on sexuality, contraception, STIs/HIV/AIDS. Parents, teachers, community leaders, health care providers, and religious leaders are non-supportive of adolescents acquiring reproductive health(RH) information and s
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrF1122)
Stamenkova R, Georgieva D; Bulgarian Family Planning Association (member of International Planned Parenthood Federation - European Network), Sofia, Bulgaria
ISSUES: The multisectorial and interdisciplinary approach has substantial importance for the successful design, implementation and realization of HIV/AIDS prevention programmes. The idea of networking - on one side between NGOs, and on the other between the three sectors is relatively new for Bulgaria and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1035)
Luchini S, Duran S, Souteyran Y, Moatti JP; CNRS-INSERM U379, Marseille, France
BACKGROUND: Decrease in prices of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs is a prerequisite for scaling up access to ARV treatments in Developing Countries (DC). However, low differential pricing in favour of DC is often suspected to threaten innovation at international level. OBJECTIVES: To identify determinants of current variabi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1035a)
Orsi F, Coriat B, Weinstein O; CEPN-IDEE CNRS Research Unit 7115, University of Paris XIII and INSERM Research Unit 379, University of Aix-Marseille II, Paris, France
The paper is based on an ongoing research project sponsored by the French ANRS (National Agency for Research on AIDS). Its central purpose is to question the sustainability of the TRIPS agreement in light of the recent events that have ended with the new provisions bargained in the WTO conference held in Doha, and to e
BACKGROUND: Since 2000 both proprietary and generic companies have offered reduced prices of antiretrovirals in some developing countries. Although this has led to some increased access, drugs are still out of reach for the majority of patients. METHODS: We compared the effectiveness of three strategies to increase acc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1038)
Kraisintu K, Eksaengsri A; Government Pharmaceutical Organization, Bangkok, Thailand
ISSUES: Thailand ,out of a total population of 62 million,about 1.2 million people are infected with HIV. There are 30,000 to 50,000 new AIDS cases each year. As a result of successful prevention campaign, the incidence of newly HIV infected has stabilized. Now, Thailand is moving into a more mature phase of the epid
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1079)
Srithanaviboonchai K, Leusaree T, Lo YR, Sennun R, Natpratan C; Office of Communicable Disease Control Region10, Chiang Mai, Thailand
ISSUES: Community advisory boards were involved in planning and implementing Thailand s first HAART program in northern Thailand which supported access to free antiretroviral drug therapy and CD4 count. The goal was to create ownership and improve the effectiveness of the program. DESCRIPTION: Northern Thailand faced t
ISSUE: Despite reduction in prices, it was observed that the HIV/AIDS patients were not accessing anti retroviral drugs although The Mildmay Centre is well equipped to dispense and monitor anti retroviral drugs. A Strategy to increase accessibility to anti retroviral drugs was discussed by the core members of the Inter
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1081)
Dhaliwal M, Decho P, Stern C, Cornu C; International HIV/AIDS Alliance, Brighton, United Kingdom
ISSUES: The need for effective HIV-related treatment in resource poor settings is increasing. PLHA play a key role in the provision of effective treatment and care. PLHA need support to address the complex issues of improving access to HIV-related treatment. DESCRIPTION: Using the Handbook on Access to HIV-Related Trea
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1082)
Terto Jr. V, Passarelli CA, Parker R, Raxach JC; Brazilian Interdisciplinary AIDS Association, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
ISSUES: The Brazilian Program on AIDS has obtained notability worldwide due to the universal access to AIDS drugs, to all People Living With AIDS (PLWA). Nevertheless, the universal access guarantee is a continuous process of follow-up and improvement, which depends on the civil society s involvement to uphold the soci
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1083)
Moody K, Lezhentsev K, de la Thorre H, Fernandez E; Medecins Sans Frontiers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
ISSUES: Since 1998, Medecins sans Frontieres - Holland (MSF-H) has begun to implement HIV/AIDS programmes in its missions and to campaign to increase access to HIV-related medicines. Historically, MSF-H has been known for the relief work it does and for speaking out on behalf of the populations it treats. Since HIV aff
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1084)
Sierra MA, Bu X, Rosales R, Hernandez A, Pineda R, Gonzales R, Fernandez JA; Universidad Nacional, Tegucigalpa MDC, Honduras
ISSUES: Honduras continue to report more than 50% of all AIDS cases in Central America. AIDS is the first cause of mortality in persons 15-49 years of age. Access to treatment has not been possible based on economic constraints and lack of political commitment. DESCRIPTION: In 1999 a special law for HIV/AIDS was oficia
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1123)
Malkin I, Elliott R, Gold J; University of Melbourne (Faculty of Law), Melbourne, Australia
ISSUES: Safe injection facilities (SIFs) are needed in Canada , at least on a trial basis, to reduce harms caused by injection drug use (IDU) and counter-productive drug policies and to promote the well-being of both drug users and communities. We examined legal issues raised by SIFs and present recommendations for a l
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1124)
Lazzarini Z, Burris S, Case P, Abrahamson D, Welsh J; University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
ISSUES: Efforts to reduce the spread of HIV and other bloodborne diseases among injection drug users (IDUs) in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union are hampered by poor access to information on laws and policies crucial to drug use and harm reduction. Local public health and harm reduction workers encounter rapid
ISSUES: It appears so much attention is being focused on the heterosexual mode of HIV transmission in Africa, to the neglect of other modes. Recent surveys however reveal that HIV spread among injecting drug users is an emerging problem that requires urgent attention. One way of dealing with the problem is to facilitat
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1126)
Gustavo GH, Silvia SS, zquez Acuna Martin MV; Argentinean Harm Reduction Association, Buenos Aires, Argentina
ISSUE: The main goal is to analyse the effects in Argentina of supporting a policy based on the War on Drugs mentality developed by the North American administration during the last twelve years in Drugs and HIV-AIDS epidemics. DESCRIPTION: We will focus on how the argentinean legislation has been and still is influenc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoOrG1127)
Irwanto I;;; University, Jakarta, Indonesia
ISSUES: Incidence of HIV infection through needle sharing among IDU has been increasing significantly (less than 1% of reported total HIV cases in 1999 to over 19% in 2001). Available treatment data also suggests that injecting drug use has increased by at least 300% in the past three years. A recent RAR in 8 cities in
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoOrG1128)
Small DP; The Lindesmith Center-Drug Policy Foundation, New York, United States
New York has drug sentencing laws that require long mandatory prison terms for those convicted of possession and/or sale of even small amounts of drugs. Despite the central role that drug addiction has played in the spread of HIV/AIDS, there has been little increase in resources to address the problem. The failure to p
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3001)
Lapidot A, Litovchick A, Kalinkovich A, Borkow G; Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
BACKGROUND: The importance of developing novel anti-HIV compounds that interact with several stages of viral replication is resistance to multi-target inhibitors that would necessitate multiple mutations. We have recently designed a novel HIV-1-Tat inhibitor/antagonist, the hexa-arginine-Neomycin B conjugate (NeoR) (Bi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3002)
Pustowka A, Landersz M, Dietz J, Dietrich U; Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Biomedical Research, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 42-44, Frankfurt, Germany
BACKGROUND: Specific interactions between proteins and RNA play an important role in regulatory processes and are therefore an attractive target for molecular interventions. The specificity of the interaction is influenced by the three-dimensional structure of the RNA. Phage displayed peptide libraries were screened wi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3003)
Huang PL, Zhang L, Huang PL, Lee-Huang S; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: Sensitive and accurate detection of differential expression of host cell genes following HIV-1 infection would provide valuable information for viral-host cell interactions. We used cDNA microarrays to characterize gene expression profiles associated with HIV-1 infection and antiviral treatment, to define m
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3004)
Maggiolo F, Callegaro A, Gregis GP, Quinzan GP, Arici C, Ripamonti D, Goglio A, Suter F; Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo, Italy
BACKGROUND: In highly pre-treated subjects, the use new drugs is often an impossible option and care-givers are often forced to use drugs toward which the patient s virus is poorly sensitive or resistant. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, pilot study was performed in patients failing therapy because of a multi-drug r
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3005)
DeJesus E, Oritz R, Anderson RT; IDC Research Initiative, Altamonte Springs, United States
BACKGROUND: Tenofovir DF (TFV) was approved by the FDA on October 26, 2001 as the first nucleotide analogue for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. As of today, there have been no reports on the use of TFV in private practice. We sought to reveal the type of patients (pts) in whom TFV was used as an anti
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3006)
de la Rosa R, Rubio A, Leal M, Vallejo A, Abad MA, Ruiz-Mateos E, Asencio R, nchez-Quijano A, Lissen E; Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio. Grupo Estudio Hepatitis Virica y SIDA, 41013 Seville, Spain
BACKGROUND: HAART regimens not containing PI have been proved to be effective to decreased viremia levels. However, as described for PIs, these patients might present a residual plasma viremia replication that might develop the appearance of resistance associated mutation to the present treatment. This study was design
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3007)
Rodriguez de la Concepcion ML, Iglesias R, Yubero P, Domingo JC, Domingo P, Villarroya F, Giralt M; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: Nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs and NNRTIs) contribute to the highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced lipodystrophy. Human adipose depots contain remnant brown adipocytes widespread among white adipocytes and their relative abundance is different depending on the a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3008)
Muys JM, Lippens J, Hamelin B, Richard A, Ren C, Ba PN, Bethell R;;; Shire BioChem Inc., Laval, Canada
BACKGROUND: SPD-756, a new purine analogue, has promising efficacy against wild type and drug-resistant strains of HIV-1 without apparent in vitro toxicity. Resistance to SPD-756 emerges slowly in vitro and the variants show low resistance to SPD-756 and to other marketed nucleoside analogues. Nucleoside analogues requ
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3009)
De la Torre J, Prada JL, Arco AD, Morales J, Pena D, Nuno E;;; Grupo Malagueno de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Malaga, Spain
BACKGROUND: A simplification strategy switching from protease inhibitors (PI) to nevirapine (NEV) has been successfully attempted in clinical studies, principally in patients with metabolic disorders o hard antiretroviral regimens. Our goals are analyze the efficacy and safety of a PI spa
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeA3010)
Ferguson MR, von Lindern JJ, Han X, Rojo DR, Shell L, O'Brien WA; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, United States
BACKGROUND: Reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor mutations selected by zidovudine (ZDV) can also affect sensitivity to stavudine ( d4T ), but may not be associated with resistance to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeA3011)
Garcia-Perez J, Sanchez-Palomino S, Beltran M, Alcami J; Centro Nacional de Microbiologia. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND. It has been suggested that in patients with low or moderate level of resistance in phenotypic tests, an increase in plasma drug levels above the IC90 could be efficient in the control of viral replication. However, as phenotypic resistance tests are performed in cell lines an important question is if inhibi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeA3012)
Comegna M, Ossenkopp J, Sanchez M, Castro J, Marin ME, Guzman MA;;; Daniela Chappard, Caracas, Venezuela
BACKGROUND: PI regimen have been associated with side effects including dislipidemia,DM and lipodystrophy. Large burden of pills and GI disturbance reduce adherence. Non nucleoside, have emerged as an alternative. Virologic and immunologic response to these agents seem to be equivalent to PI METHODS: Case-cohort retros
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3013)
Barreiro P, Camino N, de Mendoza C, Nunez M, Martin-Carbonero L, Gonzalez-Lahoz J, Soriano V; Service of Infectious Diseases. Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: The pharmacokinetic profile of PI is improved significantly by adding low doses of rit. The use of rit-boosted PI allows to reduce pill burden, improves dosing schedules, and enhances drug exposure, which has been associated with a greater benefit of antiretroviral therapy. A comparison between the safety a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3014)
Bucher HC, Taffe P, Furrer HJ, Telenti A, Hirschel B, Weber R, Bernasconi E, Vernazza P, Minder C, Battegay M, Bichsel M; Basel Instite for Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
OBJECTIVE: There is insufficient data from controlled studies that analyzed the response to dual protease inhibitor (PI) therapy with ritonavir plus saquinavir compared to single protease inhibitor therapies among PI-naive HIV-1 infected individuals.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3015)
Goujard C, Legrand M, Mentre F, Duval X, Peytavin G, Diquet B, Taburet AM; Medecine Interne - Hopital Bicetre, Bicetre, France
Intrapatient and interindividual variabilities are high. These data obtained in a homogeneous population with sustained virological efficacy will help to determine target concentrations for drug monitoring.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3016)
Lichterfeld M, hrmann A, Schmeisser N, Faetkenheuer G, Sauerbruch T, Rockstroh JK; University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
BACKGROUND: The simultaneous administration of low-dose ritonavir and a second protease inhibitor can result in beneficial pharmacokinetic interactions that allow BID drug administration while maintaining a higher drug trough concentration. In the present study, we retrospectively compared virological responses of low-
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3017)
de mendoza C; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: Lopinavir/ ritonavir ( Kaletra ) is the latest available protease inhibitor (PI). It has shown greater potency than the former PIs in phase II/III trials, either in naive or in PI-experienced patients being naive for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inh
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3018)
Kaplan AH, Everitt L, Choudhury S, Pettit SC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States
BACKGROUND. The protease (PR) of HIV-1 is translated as part of the GagPol precursor and is only active as a dimer. The initial steps in virus assembly include the dimerization of these precursors which result in the activation of the protease. We have completed a mutational analysis of the PR dimer interface (DI) and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3019)
Bermejo M, Usan L, Alcami J; Centro Nacional de Microbiologia. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: The dynamics of viral replication at the cellular level has not been studied in experimental systems and has only been estimated after mathematic modeling. We have developed efficient transfection systems of resting peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Using this technology a whole provirus can be transfecte
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3020)
Domingo P, Sambeat MA, Arroyo JA, Carnice MJ, Fontanet A, Nomdedeu FX, Arroyo JA, Cadafalch J, Orellana I, Gurgui M, Vazquez G;;; Hospital de St. Pau, Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: It is known that HIV-1 protease inhibitors bear lymphocytic antiapoptotic activity Aim of the study: to compare antiapoptotic activities of indivanir and nevirapine-based combination aniretroviral regimes over peripheral blood lymphocytes Patients and methdos: Patients were included in a randomized starting
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3021)
Lee DJ, Victoria JG, McDougall BR, RobinsonJr. WE; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV integrase (IN) catalyzes the covalent joining of the HIV viral cDNA genome into the host chromosome. Chicoric acid (CA) is one of the most potent IN inhibitors yet described; however, its mechanism of antiviral activity has been the subject of some controversy. Computer modeling and mutations that confe
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3022)
Jiang S, Zhao Q, Ernst JT, Hamilton AD, Debnath AK; New York Blood Center, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: The HIV-1 gp41 N- and C-peptides can interact with each other to form six-helix bundle, corresponding to the fusion-active gp41 core structure. Any compound that disrupts the six-helix bundle formation may inhibit HIV-1 fusion. METHODS: 1) a sandwich ELISA using a conformation-specific monoc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3023)
Vzorov AN, Dixon DW, Trommel JS, Marzilli LG, Compans RW; Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology Emory University, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND. One promising approach to prevent the transmission of HIV-1 is to identify microbicides which, when applied topically, can directly interact with HIV-1 virions to inactivate infectivity METHODS. For assays we used an epithelial HeLa-CD4 cell line with an integrated LTR-beta-galactosidase gene. RESULTS. We e
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3024)
Cuevas MT, Villahermosa ML, Carmona R, rez-Alvarez L, Medrano L, Thomson MM, zquez de Parga E, Delgado E, Sierra M, Cuevas L, jera R; Instituto de Salud Carlos III. CNBF. Patogenia Viral, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
OBJECTIVES: a) To study the presence of resistance mutations to fusion inhibitors in HIV-1 from patients pretreated with HAART. b) To analyse the variability of the different functional regions of the gp 41 sequence. Patients: From a total sample of 200 patients, we have analyzed the first 65 individuals. 32 patients w
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3025)
Salzwedel K, Castillo A, Hritz D, Kilgore NR, Allaway GP, Wild CT;;; Panacos Pharmaceuticals, 209 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Fusion inhibitors are a promising new class of HIV therapeutics that target the first step of virus replication, entry into the host cell. Most prototypic fusion inhibitors are peptide or protein-based therapeutics that are expensive to manufacture and difficult to administer. Here we describe the developme
BACKGROUND: T-20 is a lead compound of a new class of antiretroviral drugs called fusion inhibitors. Resistance-associated mutations to T-20 have been described in vitro: G36S and V38M, and other combinations of the tripeptide motif involving residues 36, 37 and 38 located in the heptad repeat 1 domain of gp41. Other m
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3027)
Bukrinsky M, Iordanskiy S, Lint CV; The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated recently that the binding subunit of pertussis toxin (PTX-B) is a potent anti-HIV agent. PTX-B inhibits infection by both R5 and X4 HIV-1 strains by suppressing the entry and post-entry events in HIV-1 replication. While the effect of PTX-B on HIV-1 entry was shown to involve CCR5 d
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3028)
Dinauer N, Lochmann D, Demirhan I, Chandra A, Zimmer A, von Briesen H;;; Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt/M., Germany
BACKGROUND: Antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODN) show great potential as gene-specific, non-toxic therapy for a wide variety of diseases including viral infections such as HIV-1. However, their application is often limited due to the poor cellular uptake and stability of AS-ODN. To overcome these obstacles we formed nan
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3029)
Vicenzi E, Oreste P, Zoppetti G, Poli G; San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
BACKGROUND. HIV-1 entry in CD4+ cells represents a main target for developing novel antiretroviral agents. During the early phases of HIV infection, virions can interact with soluble polyanions and heparan sulfate proteoglycans exposed on the cell surface via the V3 loop region of gp120 Env. Here we have investigated t
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3030)
Wild CT, Kilgore NR, Reddick MS, Salzwedel KD, Turpin JA, Kashiwada Y, Lee KH, Smith PC, Martin DE, Allaway GP; Panacos Pharmaceuticals Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: PA-457 is a betulinic acid derivative that inhibits HIV-1 replication with nM IC50, by a novel mechanism of action. The compound s potential for development was examined by analyzing: (1) In vitro activity against primary HIV-1 isolates; (2) Mechanism of action; (3) Disposition/pharmacokinetics in rats. MET
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3031)
Alce TM, Popik W, Pitha PM; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Univeristy, Baltimore, United States
The receptor complex essential for human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) attachment and entry is composed of CD4 and a chemokine coreceptor. T cell tropic HIV-1 uses CD4 and not CXCR4 to induce signal transduction pathways that augment viral replication. Binding of virus to surface CD4 rapidly induces association
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3032)
Gori A, Trabattoni D, Bandera A, Saresella M, Fossatti S, Marchetti G, Rhodes J, Luzzeri D, Meroni L, Villa ML, Franzetti F, Moroni M, Mcdade H, Ferrante P, Thomas N, Bray D, Clerici M; Inst Inf Dis Univ Milano, Milano, Italy
BACKGROUND: The safety of Tucaresol, a novel immunomodulant, was tested in a pilot phase I/II trial involving 21 HIV-1 infected patients. Quantitative and qualitative immune parameters were evaluated as well at different time points. METHODS: A dose-escalation protocol was used in this study: 25 mg single dose, 25 mg q
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3033)
White KL, Margot NA, Petropoulos CJ, Wrin T, Naeger LK, Miller MD;;; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 RT mutations K65R and M184V result in susceptibility changes to several NRTIs. K65R viruses show decreased susceptibility to tenofovir , ddI , abacavir , and DXG (me
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3034)
Petroni A, Deluchi G, Pereda G, Castro R, Garberi JC, Benetucci JA; Fundacion de Ayuda al Inmunodeficiente, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: mutations conferring fitness impairment to highly mutated Protease (PR), resistant to protease inhibitors (PI), were described in the gag cleavage sites (GCS) p7/p1 (A431V) and p1/p6 (L449F) from subtype B viruses. In Argentina , about the half of the circulating strains are B/F recombinant virus (RecBF)
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3035)
Tarin M, de Oliveiro T, Bishop K, Smith A, Madurai L, Cassol S; Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa
BACKGROUND: In preparation for the introduction of an ARV treatment program, we have characterized the RT and PR of treatment-naive persons. METHODS: HIV-1 RNA was sequenced using the Viroseq system (ABI) and analysed for resistance, signature patterns (VESPA), biologically significant sites (Prosite) and selection pre
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3036)
Ristola M, Liitsola K, Lehtola-Vanhanen L, Sutinen J, Zetterberg V, Suni J, Salminen MO; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
BACKGROUND: Mutations in the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 (RT) causing resistance to non-nucleoside RT-inhibitors (NNRTI) occur naturally in HIV-1 group O (AG98G and Y181C) and subtype J (V108I). In the HIVNET012 study the prevalence of non-B subtypes is likely to be high, and the Y181C mutation was the most common m
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3037)
Plana M, Lopalco L, Garcia F, Ortiz GM, Maleno MJ, Garcia A, Mestre G, Miro JM, Nixon DF, Gil C, Cruceta A, Arnedo M, Pumarola T, Alcami J, Lisziewicz J, Lori F, Gallart T, Gatell JM;;; Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: to study the effect of hydroxyurea (HU) versus HU plus ART on HIV-1 specific neutralizing antibodies activity (NA), CTL and helper responses (LPR) after cycles of STI. METHODS: 20 CHI patients (CD4+ > 500/mm3, BVL > 5000 c/ml) treated with D4T+ 3TC +IND for 52 weeks were randomized to D4T+DDI+IND
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3038)
Sereti I, Metcalf J, Hallahan CW, Davey RT, Hengel R, Kovacs JA, Lane HC;;; NIAID, Bethesda, United States
BACKGROUND: Intermittent IL-2 administration in HIV+ patients leads to a sustained expansion of the CD4 T cell pool that is preferential for naive cells and cells expressing CD25. The functional characteristics of these expanded CD4+/CD25+ T cells were studied in a cohort of IL-2+HAART treated patients. METHODS: Immuno
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3039)
Sukeepaisarncharoen W, Churdboonchart V, Chandeying V, Isarangkura Na Ayudthya B, Kulpradist S, Rugpao S, Sirawaraporn W; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
OBJECTIVE: To determine the CD4+ cell responses, the duration of sustained CD4+ cell count above baseline and the delayed clinical progression to AIDS in asymptomatic HIV+ Thai volunteers treated with Remune monotherapy over 132 weeks. METHODS: 223 subjects with CD4 cell counts >300 cells/mm3, previously enrolled in th
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3040)
Carbonneil CA, Cardinaud S, Langlade-Demoyen P, Weiss L; INSERM U430, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated that DC differentiated from monocytes of HIV seronegative individuals, in the presence of GM-CSF and IFN alpha (GM/IFN DC) produced IL-12 and IL-10 and were capable of inducing CD8 response to HIV lipopeptides thus exhibiting functional characteristics of type 1 DC. METHODS: In th
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeA3041)
Reading CL, Khoury G, Giese T, Frincke JM; Hollis-Eden Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States
METHODS: Inflammatory gene expression in PBMC from 24 HIV-infected individuals was analyzed by RT-LightCycler PCR before and after s.c. injection of HE2000 or placebo. Transcript levels were normalized to 2 housekeeping genes. RESULTS: HIV+ subjects had significantly (p
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3042)
Goncalves J, Aires F, Freitas-Vieira A, Santa-Marta M, Malho R, Yang X, Gabuzda D, Barbas III C; URIA -- Centro de Patogenese Molecular, Faculdade de Farmacia, University of Lisbon, Portugal
BACKGROUND. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encoded Vif protein is important for viral replication and infectivity. Vif is a cytoplasmic protein that can interfere with viral assembly by unknown mechanisms, enhancing viral infectivity. The action of Vif is most likely indirect and is essential for the compl
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3043)
Gay W, Negre D, Vaslin B, Cosset FL, Thiebot H, Derdouch-Kielbowicz S, Lauret E, Dormont D, Grand RL; CEA FAR, Fontenay aux Roses, France
OBJECTIVE: To compare in vitro efficacy of a SIV-derived vector to transduce primate bone marrow hematopoietic cells obtained from healthy or SIVmac251infected macaques. Materials and methods: CD34+ cells were immuno-purified (clone 563, Dynal, Norway ) from bone marrow of healthy (n = 12) or SIVmac251-infected (n = 13
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3044)
Alfano M, Lapenta C, Spada M, Poli G, Belardelli F; Dibit, Milan, Italy
BACKGROUND: B-oligomer of pertussis toxin (PTX-B) has been shown to inhibit in vitro and ex-vivo HIV infection in primary T cells and monocyte-derived macrophages and viral expression in cytokine-stimulated chronically infected U1 cells. In addition, PTX-B has shown to protect mice from murine experimental autoimmune e
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3045)
Kish TM, Ward MG, Welsh PA, Budgeon LR, Wigdahl B, Howett MK; Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
BACKGROUND: Viable human genital epithelium with intact mucosal immune cell populations are presumed permissive tissue targets for HIV-1 infection and replication. METHODS: Our laboratory has developed a human vaginal xenograft model in NOD/SCID mice that histologically and cytochemically resembles the features of the
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3046)
Shchelkunov SN, Nesterov AE, Ryazankin IA, Kochneva GV, Ignatyev GM, Subbotina EL; State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Koltsovo, Russian Federation
The creation of live recombinant vaccines on the basis of vaccinia virus is a perspective direction of development of effective candidate vaccines against HIV because in this case there is a high probability to form balanced humoral and cellular immune responses against target HIV antigens. To increase immune response
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3047)
Moshkoff AE, Zaitsev IZ, Moshkoff DA; Moscow Plant of bacterial prepararions, M, Russian Federation
In the beginning of the ninetieth years we have formulated expediency of application alphaviruses as vectors. Then, having analyzed arguments for and against, we came to a conclusion, that most perspective for creation of an effective vaccine against a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be use replicon of a virus V
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3048)
Malia JA, Eamsila C, Chanbancherd P, Trichavaroj R, Rungruengthanakit K, Benenson M, Gurunathan S, Duliege AM, Heyward W, Sawyer R, McNeil JG, Kim JH, Michael NL; Walter Reed Army Inst of Research, Rockville, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Candidate HIV vaccines evoke cellular and humoral host immune responses that ideally protect against natural HIV exposure. However, HIV vaccine induced antibody responses may reduce the specificity of HIV diagnostic serology and add significant cost to determining HIV infection status in vaccinees. Study ME
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3050)
Barron MA, Blyveis N, Stubbs AC, Wilson CC; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, United States
BACKGROUND: In HIV-1-infected individuals, blood myeloid (mDC) and plasmacytoid (pDC) dendritic cells are decreased in number and have altered expression of co-stimulatory molecules, possibly contributing to HIV-1 associated T cell defects. We have shown that whole Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast recombinant for a model
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3051)
Smith D, Daoust M, Gao F, Riddle L, Rodriguez M, Good J, Lee S, Peterson M, Sinangil F, Berman PW; VaxGen, Inc., South San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Virus variation is the greatest challenge in the development of an effective AIDS vaccine. Historically, this problem has been overcome through the creation of multivalent vaccines, containing antigens representative of the major virus serotypes. We have used this approach to develop vaccines against three
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3052)
Shiver JW, Casimiro DR, Fu T, Liang X, Evans RK, Davies M, Bett A, Chastain M, Dubey S, Freed D, Zhang Z, Handt L, Schleif W, Emini E;;; Merck &Co., West Point, United States
BACKGROUND: Substantial research focuses on determining the optimal approaches for eliciting cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against viral infection with particular focus on HIV. Gene delivery-based vaccines appear to be the most effective means for accomplishing this goal OBJECTIVE: Compare the ability of sever
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3053)
Hamajima K, Xin K, Okuda K; Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
BACKGROUND: We have developed an HIV-DNA vaccine which can induce HIV-specific immune responses and have demonstrated that immunogenicity of this vaccine depends on the route of immunization. In the present study, we investigated whether rectal, vaginal and percutaneous immunization with the HIV-DNA vaccine can induce
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3054)
Shiver JW, Fu T, Mehrotra D, Dubey S, Freed D, Evans T, Steigbigel R, Jacobson J, Mulligan M, Goepfert P, Kalams S, Rinaldo C, Kalinyak C, Coplan P, Thaler S, Emini EA; Merck, West Point, United States
BACKGROUND: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses play a major role in controlling HIV infection. A better understanding of the relationship of CTL with viremia and disease progression will likely facilitate vaccine development. OBJECTIVE: Determine the relative contributions of HIV-1 antigens to the total CTL
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3055)
Coplan P, Nikas A, Kallas E, Pitisuttithum P, Schechter M, Puthavathana P, Fu TM, Dubey S, Freed D, Thaler S, Mehrotra D, Condra J, Emini E, Shiver J; Merck Research Labs, West Point, PA, United States
BACKGROUND: The genetic diversity of HIV-1 raises the question of whether a vaccine designed to elicit antiviral T-cell immunity and based on a single viral genetic subtype will provide immune protection against other HIV-1 subtypes. Therefore, we studied cross-clade anti-HIV-1 T-cell immunity in HIV+ individuals. OBJE
BACKGROUND: Envelopes of clinical R5-tropic HIV isolates may be more relevant for vaccine purposes and should be evaluated for immunogenicity in animals including macaques before human trials. METHODS: HIV-1 env vaccine genes were synthesized with completely humanized codons based on the early clinical clade B isolate
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3057)
Marconi PC, Bozac A, Berto E, Gardo G, Garaffa E, Fortini C, Gavioli R, Manservigi R, Ensoli B; Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
BACKGROUND: Many of the HSV based vectors have been used in gene therapy studies and some of them as experimental vaccines against HSV-1 infection. However, studies related to their use as delivery systems for vaccination studies are very limited, although recent major breakthroughs in the field of HSV-1 technology sup
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3058)
Ayash-Rashkovsky M, Bentwich Z, Moss RB, Borkow G; R. Ben-Ari Institute of Clinical Immunology and AIDS Center, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Rehovot, Israel
BACKGROUND: Generating specific cellular (Th1) immune responses is an important prerequisite for an effective HIV protective vaccine. The extremely high prevalence of geohelminthic infections in most African and Asian populations, with the resultant dominant Th2 immune profile, may undermine the ability to generate Th1
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3059)
Caputo A, Brocca-Cofano E, Castaldello A, Gavioli R, Sparnacci K, Laus M, Tondelli L, Ensoli B; Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
BACKGROUND: Cytotoxic T cell responses are key to the control of intracellular pathogens. Naked DNA is capable of inducing such responses but requires very high amounts of DNA and many boosters, due to massive enzymatic degradation of the majority of the injected DNA. METHODS: To improve the DNA vaccination approach, a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3060)
Didierlaurent A, Ramirez JC, Esteban M, AchaOrbea H, Kraehenbuhl JP, Sirard JC; ISREC/Institute of Biochemistry, Lausanne, Switzerland
Within the frame of the Eurovac HIV vaccination program, the immunogenicity of two attenuated live vectors Salmonella typhimurium (SL7207) and Vaccinia virus (Modified Vaccinia Ankara, MVA) was evaluated in mice. Salmonella is able to target mucosal inductive sites and MVA is a safe and efficient CTL stimulator with st
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3061)
Thiamchai VP; Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
The National AIDS Committee of Thailand with the initiation and the cooperation of the WHO and the UNAIDS has set the development of HIV Vaccine as a priority and implemented the National Plan for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development to promote the development of safe, effective, affordable and accessible HIV vaccines.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3062)
Kiwanuka N; Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
OBJECTIVE: To assess HIV vaccine awareness and willingness to participate (WTP) in HIV vaccine trials. METHODS: In a population-based cohort to assess suitability for future HIV vaccine trials, 14,177 participants aged 15- 49 were surveyed at baseline (1999-2000) and followed up 12 months later, to assess awareness of
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3063)
Hiraishi K, Akagi T, Ueno M, Adachi M, Serizawa T, Akashi M, Kawamura M, Baba M; Japan Immunoresearch Laboratories Co., Ltd., Gunma, Japan
BACKGROUND: We have recently developed concanavalin A-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres (Con A-NS) that efficiently capture HIV-1 particles and gp120 antigens on their surface. Therefore, it is of particular interest to determine whether immunization with HIV-NS (heat-inactivated HIV-1-capturing Con A-NS) are capable
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3064)
Egan M, Israel Z, Chong S, Rose N, Megati S, Schadeck E, Masood A, Piacente P, Mishkin E, Marx P, Udem S, Eldridge J, Rose J; Wyeth Lederle Vaccines, Pearl River, United States
BACKGROUND: Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a negative strand RNA virus capable of infecting a wide range of human cell types. The ability of VSV to accept and express foreign genes together with a low incidence of pre-existing immunity to VSV and lack of pathogenicity associated with human infection, make it an id
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3065)
Tanaka Y, Yoshida A, Tanaka R, Nakamura M, Yamamoto N; Okinawa-Asia Research Center of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
Back ground: Human peripheral blood lymphocytes engrafted into SCID mice (hu-PBL-SCID) can mount immune responses against HIV-1 antigens administrated with autologous mature dendritic cells (DC). Since the hu-PBL-SCID mice are susceptible to productive infection with R5 HIV-1, we explored a possibility whether hu-PBL-S
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3066)
Gomez CE, Abaitua F, Rodriguez D, Duarte CA, Esteban M; Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia, Madrid, Spain
The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response (CTL) has been shown to be determinant in the clearance of many viral infections and because of that vaccine candidates against AIDS are designed to enhance this arm of the immune system. In this study we have determined in mice the CD8+ T cell response elicited against several HIV s
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3067)
Dale CJ, Liu XS, Rose RD, Purcell DF, Anderson JL, Xu Y, Leggatt GR, Frazer IH, Kent SJ; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
BACKGROUND: Vaccines to efficiently block or limit sexual transmission of both HIV and human papilloma virus ( HPV ) are urgently needed. METHODS: Chimeric virus-like-particle (VLP) vaccines consisting of both multimerized HPV L1 proteins and overlapping fragments of SIVgag p27, HIV-1tat and HIV-1rev proteins (HPV-SHIV
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3068)
Kilgore NR, Salzwedel K, Reddick M, Allaway GP, Wild CT; Panacos Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 entry is believed to proceed by way of a series of gp41 conformational intermediates that drive membrane fusion. It has been speculated that antibodies to these fusion intermediates could disrupt their function and inhibit virus entry. Using complexes of viral envelope and gp41-inhibitory peptides we
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3069)
Barnett SW, Srivastava I, Megede JZ, Lian Y, Otten G, Stamatatos L, Montefiori D, Lewis M, Engelbrecht S, Janse van Rensburg E, Widera G, O'Hagan D, Polo J, Ulmer J, Donnelly J; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: Control of the ongoing HIV-1 epidemic is dependent upon the induction of potent and durable immunity against diverse HIV-1 strains. Novel vaccine approaches will be required to meet this challenge. METHODS: Novel sequence-modified Gag, Pol, and Env antigens were constructed from subtypes B and C HIV-1 strai
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3070)
Gherardi MM, rez Jimenez E, gera JL, Rodriguez D, Garcia-Sastre A, Palese P, Esteban M; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro NAcional de Biotecnologia, CSIC, MAdrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: Cellular immunity, in special CD8+T cells, play a significant role in the protection against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. In this sense, promising approaches to raise cellular immunity are the heterologous prime/boost (p/b) immunization regimens employing poxvirus vectors at boosting. METH
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3071)
Ramsay AJ, Estcourt M, Ramshaw IA, Ranasinghe C; LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, United States
BACKGROUND: Our studies are directed primarily towards the generation of virus-specific cell-mediated immunity in cervico-vaginal and rectal tissues as well as systemic CMI. Such responses may be critical for initial control of HIV infection. METHODS: We have devised novel prime-boost strategies, using DNA vaccines and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3072)
Cardinaud S, Fevrier M, Habel A, Rohrlich PS, Riviere Y, Weiss L, Lemonnier FA, Langlade-Demoyen P; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: Rapid recruitment and expansion of multiepitopic cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) early after HIV infection is undoubtly a factor of better disease prognosis and might confer protection. In aims to determine HIV-1 CTL epitope, we have generated HLA-B*0702+/+ H-2Kb-/- H-2Db-/- transgenic mice, which show an im
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3073)
Luscher MA, Rakasz E, Watkins DI, Guan Y, Candido M, Tartaglia J, Tremblay MJ, MacDonald KS; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: The molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are prominent among host cell proteins incorporated in the envelope of HIV and SIV. Because MHC molecules are immunogenic and vary significantly between individuals, they are potential immune targets on the virus envelope to block transmission from
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3074)
Dumais N, Jiang J, Moss RB, Davis HL, Rosenthal KL; McMaster University Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
BACKGROUND: Vaccines capable of preventing the transmission or limiting the severity of sexually-transmitted infections, such as HIV, will depend on the induction of a potent long-lasting mucosal immune responses in the genital tract. Here, we evaluated the immune responses and protection elicited with inactivated gp12
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3075)
Nordone SK, Staats HF; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
BACKGROUND: Peptide-based vaccines, either alone or as part of a prime/boost regimen, continue to be promising HIV vaccine candidates. Major obstacles in peptide use in mucosal immunization strategies include poor immunogenicity and limited bioavailability. We evaluated select bioadhesives and absorption enhancers for
BACKGROUND: ANNs are well suited to analyse complex peptide patterns such as that associated with binding to MHC class I molecules. We have developed ANNs to predict new HLA-A*0204 binding peptides from available full-length HIV pro-tein sequences. METHODS: Minimal HLA-A*0204 binding peptides (8-9 amino acid) were pred
BACKGROUND: The main goal of this study is to develop a preventive as well as therapeutic anti-HIV-1 vaccine specific for the clade A, which represents the 25% of all isolates identified worldwide and is predominant in sub-Saharan Countries, where 70% of the global HIV-1 infections occur. We have selected an approach b
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeA3078)
Boyer J, Chattergoon C, Agadjanian M, Holterman M, Kutzler M, Eldridge J, Israel Z, Kim J, Pavlakis G, Sekaly R, Weiner DB; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
BACKGROUND: In humans first generation HIV-1 plasmid vaccines were well very tolerated, induced helper T cell responses, However, the CTL responses were below 20% response rate. In primates these vaccines could impact on viral load and CD4 T cell loss during pathogenic challenge supporting that with enhancement this ap
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3079)
John R, Arango-Jaramillo S, Schwartz DH; Dept. of Molec. Microbiol. &Immunol., Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Our in vitro challenge assay (IVCA) reveals resistance to exogenous R5 and X4 HIV in PBMCs from HIV+ aviremic donors, and, to lesser degrees, exposed uninfected donors (R5 only), and canarypox-HIV vaccinees. Qualitative (+/-) scoring of IVCA cultures was most useful for comparing resistance between groups o
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3080)
Iyengar S, Finny JG, Schwartz DH; Dept. of Molec. Microbiol. &Immunol., Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Potent resistance to exogenous HIV in PBMCs of aviremic HIV+ donors may involve mechanisms not operative in partially resistant PBMCs of exposed uninfected (EU) donors or recipients of experimental HIV Vaccines. To elucidate naturally acquired vs. vaccine induced immunity, we examined mechanism and kinetics
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3081)
Lopalco L, Barassi C, Pastore C, Longhi R, Clerici M; San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
BACKGROUND: HIV specific IgA are present in HIV-exposed uninfected, individuals (EU) and neutralize in vitro primary strains of HIV-1. We analyzed HIV epitopes recognized by IgA from HIV-Exposed-Uninfected and HIV-seropositive individuals HIV specific to identify the antigenic correlates of HIV-1 neutralization. METHOD
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3082)
Makedonas G, Bruneau J, Sekaly R, Alary M, Lamothe F, Lowndes C, Bernard NF; McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
BACKGROUND: Several cohorts of HIV exposed uninfected individuals (EUs) have been studied to identify factors that account for their remaining uninfected. Depending on cohorts and methods used, 30 to 70% of EUs have detectable HIV-specific cellular responses. Thus, we set out to compare EUs exposed to HIV by mucosal ve
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3083)
Vogel TU, Friedrich TC, O'Connor DH, Rehrauer W, Horton H, Vielhuber K, Dodds EJ, Rudersdorf R, Allen TM, Wilson N, Watkins DI;;; Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, Madison, WI, United States
BACKGROUND: The SIV-infected rhesus macaque is the best available animal model for testing HIV vaccine modalities. MHC class I tetramer technology has facilitated the measurement of cellular immune responses elicited by vaccines, but tetramers are currently only available for the Mamu-A*01 molecule. There is thus an ac
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3084)
Murthy KK, Cobb KE, Salas MT, McClure HM, Gonzales S, Fargo SP;;; Dept. Virology and Immunology, South west Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV envelope derived vaccines have been shown to induce partial to complete protection against infection in the chimpanzee model. Therefore, it was of interest to determine the type of immune response that was persistent in chimpanzees either immunized 6 to 12 years ago or those that resisted post vaccinati
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3085)
Kozlov AP; Biomedical Center, St.Petersburg, Russian Federation
Russian HIV vaccine initiative (RAVI) was born in St. Petersburg. The concept of national HIV vaccine project was coined in 1995 during a special conference on the Concept of the national AIDS policy . RAVI was successful in putting the HIV vaccine project into the Federal budget as yearly as in 1997. Russian HIV vacci
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3086)
Pena J, Lozano M, Gonzales R, Duenas G, Kindelan JM, Caballos R, Vidal E, Rouas-Freiss N, SantaMaria RM, Solona R, Carosella ED; Servicio de Inmunologia. Hospitral Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
An aspect of the investigation on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is the nature of the mechanisms by which the virus escapes from immune surveillance. One of several means used by HIV-1 to escape destruction by the immune system is to vary the levels of histocompatibility molecules (HLA). The non-classic H
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeA3087)
Pena J, Casado JG, Delarosa O, Galiani MD, Gonzalez R, Solana R, Torre-Cisneros J, Villanueva JL, Sanchez B; Department of Immunology, Cordoba, Spain
HIV-1-infected patients show a gradual loss of NK cells that correlates with disease progression. However the effect of HIV-1 infection on different NK cell subsets has not been fully characterized. In healthy individuals most NK cells are CD3-CD56+ and two different subpopulations, CD56dimand CD56bright, can be distin
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3088)
Holguin A, Soriano V;;; Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Introduction: Antibodies to HIV produced in response to viral infection can be detected using standard serological diagnostic test procedures. However, they are not appropriate for rapid emergency use, particularly in developing countries with limited diagnostic infrastructures. Rapid, simple, low-cost, sensitive, and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3089)
Leeuwen van R; International Antiviral Therapy Evaluation Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
OBJECTIVE: To compare three different triple antiretroviral therapy regimens over a 2 year period. METHODS: Open label study of antiretroviral naive patients, with CD4+ cells >/=200/mm3 and plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration (pVL) >/=500 copies/mL. Treatment arms: stavudine and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3090)
Branson BM, Meredith NK, Mei JV; CDC, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: Several newer rapid HIV tests have become available that are easy to perform, require little technical expertise, and provide results in 20 minutes or less. This study evaluted the sensitivty of these newer rapid tests with specimens from persons undergoing HIV seroconversion. METHODS: Three commercial sero
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3091)
Calero EK, Malia JA, Sawyer R, Brown L, Birx DL, Branson B, Michael NL; Walter Reed Army Inst of Research, Rockville, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Recent world events underscore the need for rapid HIV screening techniques, because of both acute demands for blood products that exceed the screened supply and exposures to blood of unknown HIV status during rescue efforts. Clinics that support prevention and counseling also frequently lack the testing cap
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3092)
Shah SC, Haag A, Purohit A, Shah RM, Gaur V; FXB India Society-Mumbai Branch, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND: Highly qualified technicians, initial cost of devices, and a time consuming process are some of the difficulties of conventional HIV ELISA testing in rural settings. Rapid testing could be the ideal replacement for conventional ELISA in rural settings. METHOD: Clients referred to and who volunteered to VTC
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3093)
Arai H, Imai T, Tanimoto T, Ducar C, Kataaha P, Jackson B, Misore AO, Rensburg EJ, York D, Takeda K; Research Center, Dainabot Co.Ltd, Matsudo, Japan
BACKGROUND: The Determine HIV-1/2 ( Abbott Laboratories ) is a visually read, rapid immunochromatographic test for detection of antibodies to HIV-1/2 in human serum, plasma and whole blood. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated using fresh routine specimens at clinical laboratories and blood bank in African countr
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3094)
Gomez E, Almanzar M, Ramirez A, Alcantara K; Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo, Escuela de Salud Publica, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
BACKGROUND: Rapid HIV testing techniques may facilitate developing countries to conduct HIV surveillance countrywide. To implement second generation HIV/AIDS surveillance system country needs to expand activities at local level, as the epidemic evolves and different patterns may occur simultaneously suggesting differen
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3095)
guez MG, Zapiola I, Fernandez Giuliano S, Mammana L, Juncos G, Pugliese M, Multare S, Bouzas MB; Unidad de Virologia, Hospital F. J. Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of HIV infection includes the screening through 3(rd) generation ELISA (EIA3G). The rapid AD is an immunochromatographic screening-test for the detection of antibodies to HIV-1/2. High sensitivity and specificity of the assay have been reported using serum, plasma or whole blood.
BACKGROUND: Combined antigen and antibody screening (fourth generation) assays reduce the diagnostic window period between the time of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and laboratory diagnosis on average four days in comparison to antibody only (third generation) enzyme immunoassays (EIA). The aim of the pr
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3097)
Sillekens P, van Beers R, van der Schoot J, van Nes L, Hiemstra P, van Schijndel H, Venema F; bioMerieux, Boxtel, The Netherlands
BACKGROUND: Homogeneous real-time detection of nucleic acid amplification products is one of the trends in current molecular diagnostics. In this respect, a quantitative HIV-1 assay has been developed based on the NASBA amplification technology and simultaneous detection of the amplicons by molecular beacons. Design an
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ levels are useful in deciding when to initiate antiretroviral therapy, but are not widely utilized in resource-poor settings due to high cost. Heat-denatured p24 antigen is a sensitive, inexpensive marker of response to therapy that predicts disease progression among persons with advanced
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3099)
Mbanya DN, Assah FK, Kaptue LN; Faculty of Medicine, University of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
BACKGROUND: The success of monitoring HIV/AIDS progression and management today requires sophisticated and expensive tests such as T-lymphocyte subset counts and viral load measurements. However, developing countries, most affected by HIV/AIDS have little or no access to these resources. Thus, cheaper methods are being
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3101)
Tassie JM, Marquardt T, Abele M, Odhiambo D, Damisoni H, Rehmet S, Mulemba M;;; Epicentre, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: CD4-cell count is not routinely available in developing countries and indirect markers are the first approach to document degree of immunodeficiency. We evaluated the usefulness of WHO staging, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (Hb) and total lymphocytes count (TLC) as predictors of severe immunodeficiency.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3102)
Wig N, Mittal CM, Mishra S, Pandey RM, Arora P; All India Institute Of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
BACKGROUND. HIV (Human Immuno-deficiency Virus) infection is a multi-system disease and its cardiac manifestations are well known. However, there is paucity of data from South Asia. This case- control study was conducted on South Asian population to find out the prevalence of cardiac involvement in asymptomatic patient
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3103)
Kohreanudom S;;; AIDS Division, Nonthaburi, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Absolute CD4 count by flow cytometry has commonly been used for monitoring HIV infected and AIDS patients. Although there are many flow cytometers available in Thailand , the distribution of these machines still does not enough to cover all regions of the country. Therefore, the uses of total lymphocyte cou
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3104)
Stakteas SC, Tanuri A, Rayfield M, Vergara A, Samo-Gudo J, Barreto A;;; National Institute of Health, Global Aids Program-Mozambique, CDC-USA, Maputo, Mozambique
BACKGROUND: In July 2000, the Ministry of Health (MOH) started implementation of the national voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) program. The aim of this study was to recommend appropriate rapid and simple HIV tests (RST) to be used for VCT, as wel as clinical diagnosis, surveillance and blood transfusions in resou
BACKGROUND: The high cost of laboratory monitoring is a major constraint to the expansion of access to anti-retroviral drug therapy. To evaluate less-expensive methods for CD4+ T cell counting, we compared the cost and accuracy of DP:lymphocyte gating using TriTEST with MultiSET software [LyG] and DP:panleucogating [PL
BACKGROUND: The high cost of laboratory monitoring is a major constraint to the expansion of access to anti-retroviral drug therapy. We evaluated the cost and reproducibility of the Cavidi assay and it s correlation with HIV RNA viral load [VL] and CD4+ T cell count among patients receiving ARVs. METHODS: Virus-associa
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3107)
Varnier OE, Martini I, Bertolotti F, Giacomini M, McDermott JL;;; Medical School, University, Genova, Italy
ISSUES: Quantitation of HIV RNA in plasma has become widely used for the management of combined antiretroviral therapy in infected patients. However the elevated costs of RNA assays have limited its use to 2-3 times per year. Numerous patients are experiencing treatment failure, regardless of a sustained reduction of H
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3108)
Sabino EC, Salles NA, Barreto AM, Otani MM, Chamone DF; Fundacao Pro-Sangue/Hemocentro de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: In 1998, it became mandatory in Brazil to screen HIV with two serological tests. The objective of this study is to review the data obtaining by testing 698,191 blood units using two EIA tests for HIV at Fundacao Pro-Sangue Hemocentro de Sao Paulo. METHODS: all samples reactive to at least one of the EIA tes
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3109)
Ayele W, de Baar M, Abebe A, Pollakis G, Mengistu Y, Dorigo-Zetsma W, Wolday D, van Gemen B, Goudsmit J; Ethio-Netherlands AIDS Research Project (ENARP), Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute (EHNRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
BACKGROUND: The presence of two distinct genetic subclusters of HIV-1 subtype C (designated C and C ) have previously been reported in Ethiopia . We developed a rapid test to identify to which subcluster a specific isolate belongs by targeting the gag region of the HIV-1 genome. METHODS: RNA was extracted from represen
ISSUES: Across Africa, HIV infection is detected using ELISA done at central laboratories by few highly skilled technicians with results taking up to two weeks. Due to increased demand for voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) and the priority to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, simple and rapid HIV
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3111)
Everett D, Changalucha J, Anemona A, Ross DA, Mabey D; Institution, Mwanza, Tanzania
Introduction: The MEMA kwa Vijana Project is a large scale adolescent reproductive and sexual health intervention trial in Mwanza Region, Tanzania . Dried blood spots (DBS) have been collected in two follow-up surveys (Jan 2001 and Oct 2002) of a cohort of over 10,000 adolescents as part of the impact evaluation of the
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3112)
Badri M, Wood R; Somerset Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: due to the rapidly decreasing cost of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), an increased number of HIV-infected patients in resource-constrained countries will have access to antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to explore low-cost strategies for monitoring HAART. OBJECTIVE: to determi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3113)
Nyoni N, Mateta P, Bassett MT, Maldonado Y, Wells J, Katzeinstein D, Shetty AK; Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
BACKGROUND: Efforts at implementing MTCT programs in high prevalence, resource-poor settings may benefit from the availability of reliable, simple, and rapid methods for HIV screening. Data from Zimbabwe on the reliability of rapid HIV tests for screening pregnant women is limited. The aim of this study is to determine
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3114)
Ferreira C, Ferreira Jr. OC, Ferreira JA, Dantas MC, Pedrosa J, Capitani CM; Brazilian STD/AIDS Programme/MOH, Brasilia, Brazil
INTRODUCTION: The anti-HIV tests algorithm currently used in Brazil are on the basis of two differerent obligatory tests done simultaneously at the sample screening stage. With the aim of carrying out an evaluation of the need to use the tests in parallel, forty-nine laboratories within the public health service and fi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3115)
Benetti S, Campodonico M, Fay F, Asueta A, Fay O; CTSP - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
BACKGROUND: National AIDS Program provides drugs and viral load (Cv) monitoring to patients (Pts) without coverage and resources. We centralized viral load testing from the center and north of the country, including 23 centers from 16 provinces. OBJECTIVES: 1-To evaluate the follow up of Pts. 2-To estimate the global r
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3116)
Anemona A, Plummer M, Chilongani J, Wamoyi J, Everett D, Changalucha J, Ross D, Hayes R, Mabey D; Institution, Mwanza, Tanzania
Introduction: Vaginal swabs are the preferred specimen collection method for the diagnosis of several STIs. However, women are often reluctant to undergo speculum examination, and some of the equipment needed for this (examination couch, vaginal specula, sterilising equipment) is cumbersome to use in population-based s
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3117)
Vercauteren G, Ostensen H, Burgess C, Emmanuel JC; World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
BACKGROUND: Anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy for people living with HIV/AIDS is becoming increasingly available in countries with limited resources. However the same attention has not been given to the essential need of diagnostic support for laboratory monitoring of ARV therapy and management of opportunistic infections.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3118)
Bergeron M, Houle G, Bradley J, Fahey J, Kallas EG, Barcellos FP, Dantas MC, Teixeira PR, Mandy F; National HIV Immunology Laboratory, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
BACKGROUND: Measurements of CD4+ T-cell levels are critical for the assessment of HIV disease, clinical staging and prophylactic therapies related decisions. Quality assessment program (QAP) is important to assure the reliability and value of CD4+ T-cell measurement. QASI, an international program for Quality Assessmen
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3119)
Sherring A, Bergeron M, Mandy F; National HIV Immunology Laboratory, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
Introduction: The measurement of CD4 T-cell levels continue to be important for the assessment of HIV disease progression and monitoring efficacy of therapy. Although flow cytometry is the most frequently utilized method for T-cells subset enumeration, it is not a cost effective option especially for low volume, resour
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3120)
Lopez-Barba J, Solino-Ocana I, Garcia-Valdivia S, Rodriguez-Iglesias M;;; Puerto Real Univ Hosp, Cadiz, Spain
Combined detection of HIV p24 antigen and anti-HIV antibodies can be reduced the window period prior to seroconversion in patients HIV infected. We study the utility of a test with this characteristics in the routine screening, compared with conventional third-generation test (IgM and IgG anti-HIV detection) and using
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3121)
Milito AD, Aleman S, Marenzi R, nnerborg A, Fuchs D, Zazzi M, Chiodi F; Karolinska Institutet, Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Stockholm, Sweden
BACKGROUND. Plasma levels of soluble CD27 (sCD27) are elevated in diseases characterised by T cell activation and are used as a marker of immune activation. We assessed the usefulness of determining plasma sCD27 as a marker for monitoring immune activation in HIV-1-infected patients treated with highly active antiretro
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3122)
Bergeron M, Soucy N, Ding T, Houle G, Fahey J, Flagler D, Mills R, Mandy F; National HIV immunology laboratory, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
BACKGROUND: CD4 T-cell remains the best surrogate marker for monitoring the immune status of HIV-infected individuals. There are quality assessment programs for CD4 T-cell enumeration to support major HIV trials in some industrialized countries. These programs use fresh whole blood and rapid courier services to guarant
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3123)
Louisirirotchanakul S, Kanoksinsombat C, Thongput A, Puthavathana A, Wasi C; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
BACKGROUND: In order to evaluate the cost effective and the strategies of HIV testing using gelatin particle agglutination (GPA) in 2 populations with a seroprevalence of greater than 10% and less than 10% during 1992 to 2000. METHODS: In the first population, 174,032 sera from patient attending Siriraj Hospital with a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3124)
Leelawiwat W, Wirachsilp P, Sutthent R, Chaowanachan T, Culnane M, Teeraratkul A, Simonds RJ, Young NL; Thai MOPH-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand
BACKGROUND: To assess development of new genotypic resistant mutations in pregnant HIV-infected women and their infants receiving short-course zidovudine (ZDV) therapy, and single dose nevirapine (NVP) during labor and at birth.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3125)
Kijak GH, Rubio AE, Zala C, Cahn P, Harrigan PR, Galli R, Montaner JS, Salomon H; National Reference Center for AIDS, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Genotyping tests are being used in the clinical setting for the characterization of HIV-1 drug-resistance. Several algorithms were built to help physicians interpret the complex results generated by these assays. However, the level of concordance among these interpretation systems remains obscure. The aim o
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3126)
Abad ML, Verdura T, Vela A, Iglesias MJ, Gutierrez D, Veiga M, Aguilera A, Regueiro BJ; Microbiologia.Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
BACKGROUND: The pUC-based pNL4-3 plasmid (14833 bp in size) is the most widely used vector for in vitro manipulations of HIV-1 proviral sequences, that are necessary for multiple research applications. We have developed a new minimal retroviral vector (pCHUS) based on the pNL4-3 plasmid, that may be useful to facilitat
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3127)
Telles JN, Gonzalez R, Hebrard C, Tran N, Segura R, Masquelier B, Fleury H, Troesch A, Vernet G; bioMerieux S.A, Venissieux, France
BACKGROUND: Our objective was to evaluate the DNA Chip technology for HIV-1 genotyping on HIV-1 plasma samples. The Chip is designed to detect 180 antiretroviral resistance mutations in protease, reverse transcriptase and gag cleavage sites. METHODS: Viral RNA is extracted from HIV-1 infected patient plasma, and an amp
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3128)
Iglesias MJ, Verdura T, Abad ML, Vela A, Gutierrez D, Veiga M, Aguilera A, Regueiro BJ; Seccion de Microbiologia. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
BACKGROUND: The phenotypic drug resistance study assays available usually study a limited region of the gag-pol gene (ApaI2010- PinAI3486 fragment). We aimed to develop a new method to insert the whole protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions of patient s pol gene. METHODS: Four mutations were introduced In
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3129)
Sax PE, Islam R, Losina E, Weinstein MC, Cohen CJ, Freedberg KA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: Current guidelines do not recommend resistance testing before therapy for antiretroviral therapy (ART) naive patients with chronic HIV infection. However, data show a rising prevalence of drug resistance in those who have never received ART. Our objective was to determine the potential clinical impact and c
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3130)
Max B, Badri S, Barker D, Falusi OM; CORE Center, Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
BACKGROUND: The cost of care for HIV+ patients (pts) is expanding. Genotypic resistance testing (GRT) is increasingly used in routine clinical care, but is expensive and should be used judiciously. 10-35% of isolates in clinic cohorts using GRT have been WTV suggesting pt non- adherence. Due to limited resources, our i
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3131)
Tong CY, Kulasegaram R, Chrystie I, Mullen J, Ruiter AD, O'Shea S;;; Department of Infection, Guys' and St. Thomas' Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Several randomized controlled studies have confirmed the benefit of genotypic anti-retroviral resistance testing to guide the management of patients infected with HIV-1. Although recent European guidelines have recommended how resistance tests should be used, patient outcome may be influenced by many factor
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3132)
Sutinen J, Suni J, Liitsola K, Ristola M, Zetterberg V, Leinikki P, Brummer-Korvenkontio H, Salminen MO; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki, Finland
BACKGROUND: Interpretation of resistance mutation profiles becomes increasingly complex as new drugs are introduced and data on the evolution of resistance mutations accumulates. This leads to variability and inconcistency in manual interpretation of mutational patterns. An automated, rules-based software for research
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3133)
Zetterberg V, Liitsola K, Suni J, Sutinen J, Ristola M, Kokkonen N, Brummer-Korvenkontio H, Salminen MO; National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300, Helsinki, Finland
BACKGROUND: The virus of HIV-1 infected patients on antiretroviral therapy frequently develops antiviral drug resistance. There is a need for sensitive and easy to perform assays to detect developing drug resistance. Increased spread of different HIV-1 subtypes requires a method that covers all HIV-1 subtypes. PCR sequ
BACKGROUND: HIV genotyping (G) and virtual-phenotyping (vP) assays have widely become available to clinicians. The aim is to compare G versus vP in management of difficult HIV clinical cases in order to assess the prognostic value of these tests as to impact in maintaining durable viral suppression and in reconstitutin
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3135)
Mori H, Kojima Y, Kawahata T, Otake T, Oishi I; Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
BACKGROUND: To investigate the way of the development of drug-resistant HIV-1, genotypic profiles of rebound virus emerged during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were analyzed. METHODS: Plasma and PBMCs were obtained from a patient receiving HAART who had once achieved but could not sustain undetectable le
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3136)
Nicastri E, Sarmati L, Uccella I, Andreoni M, Palmisano L, Vella S, Amici R, Galluzzo MC, Vullo V, d'Ettorre G, Parisi SG, Concia E; Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: To compare the resistance-associated mutations in plasma and PBMCs in patients treated with HAART and to determine the relevance of the mutations in these two compartments during drug resistance guided therapy. METHODS: Thirty-two HIV-infected patients failing HAART were studied. During a mean of 57 months
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3137)
Malmsten A, Shao XW, Aperia K, llander CF, Leitner T, Gronowitz JS; Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
BACKGROUND: Most currently used methods for determination of HIV-1 Viral Load (VL) are based on quantification by PCR. These methods are expensive and require sophisticated equipment, which limits their use in developing countries. Further, there is a need for simple phenotypic determinations of sensitivity towards ant
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3138)
Sarmati L, Uccella I, Andreoni M, Nicastri E, Parisi SG, Concia E, d'Ettorre G, Vullo V, Palmisano L, Galluzzo MC, Andreotti M, Vella S;;; University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: Discordant response to HAART is reported in 20-40% of HIV seropositive subjects. Whether to modify or not HAART in patients with persistent CD4+ cells increases despite detectable viral load is an unresolved question. METHODS: Fourty-three HIV+ heavily pretreated patients, exhibiting virologic failure after
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3139)
Polo C, Niubo J, Mielnichuk A, Kaptoul D, Friesenhahn M, Hendricks D, Martin R, rez JL; Microbiology service, CSU de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: For most assays, an HIV RNA concentration of at least 1000 c/ml (c/mL) is required in specimens to obtain antiviral resistance genotypic results. Due to cost and technical complexity these tests are often performed in reference laboratories. It would be desirable to send specimens to the laboratory at room
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3140)
Arroyo E, Tampe CR, Rivera-Vazquez C, Gonzalez G, Saavedra S, Ramirez-Ronda CH;;; VAMC, San Juan, Puerto Rico
BACKGROUND: To study HIV resistance in Hispanic antiretroviral therapy (ART) experienced patients, and response after genotype (GT)-guided ART changes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of ART-experienced patients seen in an outpatient clinic in Puerto Rico , assessment of resistance by GT, and evaluation of virologic
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3141)
Hernandez I, Folch E, Nesheim S, Caliendo A, Lennox J, del Rio C; Emory University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), Atlanta, GA, United States
BACKGROUND: The role of genotype resistance testing in the management of HIV-infected pediatric patients is not well defined. We analyzed resistance patterns, the utility of genotype testing in treatment decisions, and patient outcomes after a genotype test among HIV-infected children in an inner city clinic in the US.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3142)
Parkin N, Chappey C, Maroldo L, Arocha J, Fralich T, Schrader S, Ward D, Wohlfeiler M, Bates M; ViroLogic, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States
BACKGROUND. Resistance testing has become standard of care in the management of HIV treatment failure. GT relies on accurate interpretation algorithms, while PT provides quantitative data but requires a clinical cut-off value for maximum utility. METHODS. GT and PT tests were performed on approximately 200 patients par
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3143)
Linka M, Bruckova M, Vandasova J, Stankova M, Prejdova J, Ramiadamanana R; National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
BACKGROUND: Since the protease inhibitors (PI) introduction to therapeutic schemes of HIV infected persons in the Czech Republic treatment failures have been reported. HIV strains resistance was suggested as a frequent reason for therapy failures. Therefore a laboratory study of PI resistance was started in the Czech R
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3144)
Gazzard BG, Pozniak A, Peeters M, Hoetelmans R, Graham NM; Chelsea and Westminster Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: In vitro data suggests that the presence of the M184V mutation leads to a reduction in HIV susceptibility to ddI . The clinical relevance of these findings is unknown. Here we compare the virologic response of ddI and non-ddI-containing regimens in the presence or absence of the M184V mutation.
BACKGROUND. Since inhibitors of HIV entry have already been subject to clinical phase II and III studies, the development of new technologies to evaluate the susceptibility of HIV towards entry inhibitors is essential. We developed Chimeric Virus Technology (CVT) for the gp120, gp41 and gp160 genes of HIV-1, in which e
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3146)
Short ML, Chen J, Devitt AJ, Furtado MR, Brown RC; Celera Diagnostics, Foster City, United States
BACKGROUND: The ViroseqTM HIV-1 Genotyping System, is a complete system for detection of mutations conferring resistance to antiretroviral drugs. A high degree of accuracy and robustness is a prerequisite for editing mixed base positions in population sequencing data. Existing guidelines required the minor base to be a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3147)
Harzic MH, Malbrunot CM, Pougade FP, Dublanchet AD, Dubeaux BD, Simon FS;;; CH A Mignot, Versailles, France
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability of GeneLibrarian software for accurately determining the subtype of HIV-1Group M viruses using RT sequences obtained with the TRUGENE HIV-1 Genotyping Kit and OpenGene System. METHOD: Three hospitals in suburban Paris provided 418 plasma samples collected from patients requiring t
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3148)
Land SA, Sayer DC, Birch CJ, Emery S, Hales G, Dax EM; National Serology Reference Laboratory, Australia, Fitzroy, Australia
BACKGROUND: A Genotypic Antiretroviral (ARV) Resistance Testing (GART) External Quality Assurance (EQA) Programme was implemented by the National Serology Reference Laboratory, the Clinical Immunology Department, Royal Perth Hospital and The National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research. The objective was t
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3149)
Salit IE, Sano M, Kain K; Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: HIV+ subjects frequently travel despite immunodeficiency and multiple medications. It is unclear if these patients take appropriate precautions, receive specific travel advice and if they have encountered travel-related difficulties due to their health issues. METHODS: A travel questionnaire was administere
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3150)
Rosa VK, Barcellos NT, Schuh SS; PC DST/Aids, Porto Alegre, Brazil
The State of Rio Grande do Sul, situated in the south of Brasil, has supported the costs of the implantation of the administrative norm for prophylaxis for sexual violence pos-exposure basing on the recommendations of CDC, taking into account that the subjects are emotionally involved. The sexual violence provides an i
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3151)
Keiser P, Blake B, Sinclair G, Koen G, Sandoval J, Figuero M, Moreno S; UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
BACKGROUND: The Ryan White Care Act funds HIV care for most HIV infected persons in the United States . There is little data on the efficacy of care given by this program. The Parkland Health and Hospital System (PHHS) HIV Department treats over 3500 HIV infected patients who receive primary care, lab tests (CD4 count
Issue; The number of orphans due to HIV/AIDS is on the increase Worldwide, uganda is not unexpuational. Orphans are subject to multifaceted problems that range from Physical, Psychosocial to economic problems. These include social stigma, rejection, sever malnutrition; to mention few. Description; Mildmay is a speciali
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3153)
Kavuma G, Kapere S, Kaddu Mukasa Anne MA, Okia M; The AIDS Support Organisation (TAS0)(U)Ltd, Kampala, Uganda
OBJECTIVE: To describe the profile of AIDS Home Care Public Service (HCPS), funded by the Ugandan Ministry of Health. METHODS: A prospective study based on standardised questionnaire applied to all patients that where enrolled in eight HCPS, sponsored by the Ministry of Health since 1999, in 17 (seventeen) districts. T
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3154)
Kunches LM, Hirschhorn LR, Reinhalter NE, DeCristofaro JB, Musolino J, Lawrence PB, McGuire JF, ACTNow Working Group MA; John Snow, Inc., Boston, MA, United States
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric comorbidities are common among patients living with HIV (PLWH) but published data are limited concerning specific diagnoses or psychotropic medication use, and the relationship to clinical outcomes. METHODS: Chart reviews were conducted for 1999-2000 in a quality assurance project involving 17 s
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3155)
Smiley TN, Radwan HA, Cowie RJ; Winston Salem State University, Dept. Physical Therapy, Winston-Salem, NC 27110, United States
BACKGROUND: Functional handgrip strength can be used as a standard method to detect decreases in strength that indirectly indicate generalized muscle weakness and the resulting metabolic changes. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the handgrip strength between individuals with HIV/AIDS and healthy age- a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3156)
Yoon C, Tiffany L, Durst D, Wilson C, Sledz S, Pedro B, Barton A, Estok L, Smith D, Doyle M, Smith PT; New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Many HIV infected patients are often co-infected with chronic hepatitis B and C. It is recommended that HIV infected patients receive vaccinations for Hepatitis A (HAV) and B (HBV) whenever possible. We attempted to determine the efficacy of vaccination for these viruses in HIV infected patients and to dete
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3157)
Feldman JL, Miner M, Millis M, Coleman E; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
BACKGROUND: Family physicians are likely to encounter at risk and HIV positive persons, yet are rarely trained in prevention and treatment techniques. METHODS: The University of Minnesota developed a longitudinal curriculum training family practice residents in the prevention and co-management of HIV disease. Four urba
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3158)
Turner BJ, Laine CL, Hauck WW; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Chronic medical diseases (CD) such as diabetes, hypertension, and asthma/COPD increasingly complicate the care of HIV+ persons. Care for HIV and another CD is even more challenging for persons in treatment for drug abuse. Close linkage of medical care with drug treatment, a usual source of medical care, and HIV-specifi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3159)
Magis C, Rutstein S, Duran L, Bronfman M, Uribe P; CMR, Distrito Federal, Mexico
BACKGROUND: Considering that, in the Secretary of Health, studies had not been made on health services for STIs a survey of health centers in matters related to STIs (ENCESA 2000) was carried whose objectives were to evaluate the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the HIV/AIDS and STI, as well as the use of the syn
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3160)
Gates JD; PAETC University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the impact of 3 types of HIV training (didactic, workshop, and hands-on clinical) on physicians skills in managing HIV. Differential effects of trainings on physician specialty, location, and ethnicity were studied METHODS: Physicians (N=4,193) assessed their own skills in caring for HIV fol
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3161)
Garcia-Zaldivar W, Ochoa-Soto R, Hidalgo-Palacios Y; Centro Nacional de Prevencion de ITS-VIH/SIDA, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
BACKGROUND: Accurate periodontal disease (PD) data among HIV + patients are not well defined up to date in our country. In order to assess the prevalence and the origin of PD among HIV + patients a prospective epidemiological study with dental patients attending a hospital at La Habana was designed and set up. METHODS:
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3162)
Temesgen Z, Knappe-Langworthy J, St. Marie MM, Henely J, Vlasak L, Dierkhising R; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
BACKGROUND: Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System (CHESS) is an Internet-based health resource designed to educate and empower people facing a health crisis. CHESS provides information, problem-solving tools, guidance for accessing services, a link to discussion groups, and an Ask-an-Expert service. This pilo
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3163)
Naidoo P, Karpakis B, Maartens G, Schoeman H, Hausler HP; Health Directorate, City of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: TB is the commonest cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV+ patients in Africa and can be prevented by isoniazid (INH). Active TB must be excluded prior to preventive therapy (PT). We set out to evaluate the best method of active case-finding of TB in clients being screened for PT and to assess adherence w
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3164)
Boyle BA, Basuk P, Emancipator K; Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of pancreatic disease. Hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia, markers of pancreatic disease, have been observed in asymptomatic, HIV-infected patients. The prevalence and clinical significance of these enzyme elevations are unclear. METHODS: 155 asymptomatic, HIV-inf
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3165)
Noguer I, Caro A, Belza MJ, Guerra L, Castilla J, Parras F; Secretaria del Plan Nacional sobre Sida. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: We analysed the changes in health and epidemiological characteristics of HIV patients attended in Spanish hospitals between 1995 and 2000. METHODS: Since 1995, a one-day cross sectional survey of HIV/AIDS hospital and out-patients is repeated each year. Through a structured questionnaire, socio-demographic,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3166)
Gunderson SM, Glowacki RC, Pulvirenti J; University of Illinios at Chicago, Chicago, United States
BACKGROUND: Management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has grown more complex increasing the risk of drug interactions and adverse events. A clinical pharmacist can play a vital role in preventing these medication (med) errors. However, interventions (IN) performe
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3167)
Rawlings J, Holmes J, Belton B, Manzo G, Altice F, Friedland G; Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, United States
BACKGROUND: From 1995, hospitals in North America, including our 900 bed urban teaching hospital,experienced dramatic decreases in inpatient utilization and cost of care,largely as a result of HAART,which were offset by rising antiviral and outpatient costs. Whether the rate of favorable changes in these parameters wil
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3168)
Anis AH, Sun H, Palepu A, Schechter MT, O'Shaughnessy MV; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: Little is known about factors associated with hospital readmission among HIV+ persons in the era of HAART. We therefore explored risk factors for early readmission in HIV+ patients with pneumonia. METHODS: This is a case-control study. All HIV+ patients admitted to St. Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3169)
Cervera C, Kutwal-Sharma R, Landerville N, Policar M; Elmhurst Hospital Center, Elmhurst, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: It is generally accepted that HIV is a rapidly mutating virus which frequently acquires resistance to ARV medications when drug levels fall below the threshold necessary to prevent viral replication. Currently, there is great emphasis on patient education on the importance of adherence. However, when patien
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3170)
Mugusi FM, Bakari M, Janabi M, Chale S, Josiah R, Magao P, Moshi A, Sandstrom E, Pallangyo K; Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Tanzania with an average HIV prevalence of 10%, is one of the countries severely affected by the HIV epidemic. Because of the magnitude of HIV associated diseases that affect all medical disciplines, HIV patients are managed routinely. A special open HIV clinic was established in 1999 at Muhimbili Hospital
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3171)
Viget N, Yazdanpanah Y, Gerard Y, Ajana F, Choisy P, Mouton Y;;; Hopital de Tourcoing, service de maladies infectieuses, Tourcoing, France
BACKGROUND: To determine risk factors for inpatient admission in a French clinical cohort in the era of HAART. METHODS: We conducted our study on HIV-infected patients from the Tourcoing AIDS Reference Center enrolled from January, 1997 to September, 2000 and followed through December, 2000. Time to inpatient admission
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3172)
Yanez Garcia JY, Morganti LM, Arana EN, Maidana MM, Rodriguez CG; Hospital Dr. Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: Since 1992 an Integral Ambulatory Assistance Program (IAAP)was implemented in our Hospital for poeple living with Hiv, so as to aproach this patologie from all its corners, making possible the best following up, couseling and prevention of the patients; wich outcome is to reach a better life quality for the
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3173)
Perdomo R;;; Honduras
Effectiveness Cost analysis in Options of the Treatment of HIV/AIDS Honduras is the country of Center America more affected by the epidemic of the HIV/AIDS. With more than 15 thousand cases and an estimated of 1300 new cases each year, faces growing financial difficulties to give an integral treatment to the opportunis
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3174)
Selwyn PA, Rivard MB, Kapell D, Goeren W, LaFosse H, Caraballo R, Schwartz C, Luciano D; Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Despite advances in HIV therapy, AIDS remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. In 1999, a five-site national demonstration program in HIV-palliative care was established by the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration. We describe characteristics and outcomes for patients (pts) referred
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3175)
Karasz AK, Dyche L, Selwyn PA; Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY, United States
BACKGROUND: As medical treatment for AIDS becomes more complex, so does the task of providing good palliative and end-of-life care for patients with advanced disease. Such care is often inadequate, especially among low-income, ethnic minority patients. The current study investigated physicians experiences with caring f
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3176)
Semafumu E, Kasasa S, Kamya MR, Katabira ET, Mpanga LS, Whalen C;;; Fogarty Program at Case Western Reserve University, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: Pain is thought to be a major cause of morbidity in HIV/AIDS patients attending the AIDS clinics of Mulago Hospital and TASO. The prevalence, types and effect of this pain on quality of life is not known. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of pain among HIV patients attending the tw
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3177)
Laurent SG, Serrie A, Meynadier J; Douleurs sans frontieres, Maputo, Mozambique
ISSUE: To develop pain care and symptoms control for patients living with AIDS in order to facilitate their quicker discharge from hospitals and allow them to remain at home. DESCRIPTION: It s a three-year program, initiated in October 2001. It s located in all units that take in charge patients with AIDS as in patient
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3178)
Kline NE, Cogan LM, Matusa R, Calles NR, Schwarzwald HL, Kline MW; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
ISSUE: The Romanian-American Children s Center in Constanta, Romania is a clinic developed by the Baylor International Pediatric AIDS Initiative in collaboration with Romanian health professionals to address the medical and social needs of 900 HIV-infected children. Over half of these children live outside the city of
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3179)
Rackstraw SA, Dodhia M, Meadway J; Mildmay Hospital UK, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Mildmay Hospital UK is the only inpatient specialist HIV palliative care facility in London. Previous studies have demonstrated high levels of depression[1] and substance use[2] in patients referred to the unit. We sought to see if levels of substance use and psychiatric illness have remained similar to our
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3180)
Bernadette BS, Arogya AS, Vadrevu R, Vadrevu L; Sisters of St Joseph's of Annecy,India, Prathipadu, Andhra Pradesh, India
BACKGROUND: This study is conducted from FEB 2001 to JAN 2002 in a rural hospital Our Patients are mostly from rural agricultural background with almost nil awareness about AIDS. The social background is one of stigma and ignorance. Economically our patients come from single member earning families where usually the af
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3181)
Whiting G;;; Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: This study examines those factors that sustain commitment to voluntary work in a hospice. Volunteering contains an element of exchange and reciprocity. The relationship between hospice and volunteers may be perceived as rewarding (eg. appreciation of duties; they are valued) or stressful (eg. poor communica
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3182)
Bassos CR, Marins JR, Souza TR, Ferreira IM, Nemes MI; Center for References and Training for STD/Aids, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Sao Paulo is the region of Brazil that has been most heavily impacted by AIDS and has developed a broad network of clinical services in response. These include 26 home care (HC) units throughout the state, but only 16 participed of this research. Little systematic data is available regarding the patients th
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3183)
Okia OM, Patrice EP, Monica MM, Apimo SA; TASO(U)Ltd, Kampala, Uganda
Introduction: Palliative care aims to achieve the best quality of life for patients (and their families) suffering from life threatening and incurable illness like HIV/AIDS that bring Physical pain, Psychology, spiritual decay, Social emotions and grief. PLW HIV/AIDS frequently experience emotional and Psychiatric prob
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3184)
Yesudian PJ, Chandra DT, Sudheer KB, Shinde K, Kurup A, Sam LE, Singh AJ;;; PWDS, Marthandam, India
ISSUE: The PWDS (Palmyra Workers Development Society) is a development support organization in TN. In over 2 and half decades of development efforts it has impacted on wider spheres of development activities and workers in different sectors. Realizing the urgent need to help HIV/AIDS affected, PWDS decided to have coll
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3185)
Owiti AE;;; Health Manager, Nairobi, Kenya
ISSUES: The magnitude of the HIV/AIDS scourge as a health problem has overwhelmed traditional health care approaches. The situation is exceptionally acute in a poverty stricken country like Kenya . Therefore Home Based Care has emerged as the most viable option. KICOSHEP has adopted this method while working in Kibera
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3186)
Msumi Z, Lengaki L; National AIDS Control Programme, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
ISSUE: A study assessing existing procedures in community participation in Home Based Care (HBC) for chronically ill patients including HIV/AIDS, Bagamoyo district in 1999. DESCRIPTION: Data collection was done in Bagamoyo district through in depth interviews with respondents and discussions held with various groups. A
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3187)
Dabanga H, Tokunaga M, Kaba-Mebri J; AMI d'Afrique, Bangui, Central African Republic
BACKGROUND: - The C.A.R. is the first country in Central Africa which is the most affected with 14% of the rate for AIDS prevalence. - 70 % of beds in both major hospitals are occupied by AIDS patients. - AIDS patients are hospitalized several days repetitively. - The costs for hospitalization are high, but the purchas
ISSUE: The proverbial African solidarity known in the past is virtually non-existent in recent times, even to the extent that the sick are either abandoned in the hospitals or are isolated in their homes. These persons no longer enjoy help of any kind from members of the family. Some of them eventually die as a result
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3189)
Labrea MG, Avila SN, Neves JM; City Council Health Department, Porto Alegre, Brazil
BACKGROUND: The objectives this study are to stablish the nutritional profile of Aids patients interned at Home Care Service of the City Council Health Department of Porto Alegre City, Brazil , and to demonstrate the importance of nutritionist in staff that attendent AIDS patients in Home Care. METHODS: Retrospective s
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3190)
Labrea MG, Avila SN, Neves JM; City Council Health Department, Porto Alegre, Brazil
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the evolution of nutritional condition of AIDS patients interned at Home Care Service of the City Council Health Department of Porto Alegre City, Brazil . METHODS: Retropective study. From June 1996 to December 2000 were evaluated 78 patients interned at the service of Home care to AIDS patients
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3191)
John Sunder Singh A, Rao AA, Kurup A; PWDS, Marthandam, India
ISSUE: This paper describes the Participatory Community Assessment (PCA) process in order to assess the needs of Children Affected by AIDS (CAA) mobilise communities to provide home and community based care and support (CBCS) in response to these needs. This is a step forward about initiative. Description of the proble
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3192)
Horcajada JP, Benito N, Miro JM, Garcia L, Sala M, Buira R, Borras N, Oliveras A, Soriano A, Faura T, Tortajada C, Gatell JM; Service of Infectious Diseases. Institut Clinic Infeccions i Immunologia. Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: In 1995 an specialized infectious diseases (I.D.) and AIDS home-care service was created in our institution in order to improve the quality of life of patients with prolonged parenteral antimicrobial therapy requirements and to reduce their hospital stay. Clinically stable patients with infections that requ
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3193)
Murray DS, Jefferies DC; Central Sydney Area Health Service, Sydney, Australia
The neurological and mental health issues of HIV are some of the most challenging aspects in the management of this illness. The Bridge, a specialised HIV, supported, residential facility in inner city Sydney, Australia , was initially set up in January 1998, for people living with HIV related cognitive impairment. It
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3194)
Robinson FP, Mathews HL, Witek-Janusek L; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
BACKGROUND: Stress may hasten HIV disease progression by compromising immune response and increasing viral replication. Conversely, efforts to reduce stress may buffer the physiological effects of stress on HIV disease progression. This study determined the effects of a structured, 8-week, mindfulness-based stress redu
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3195)
Sangkard K;;; Faculty of Nursing, Bangkok, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Family caregivers serve as an integral part of the continuity of care for AIDS patients at home. Caregivers should be well - trained to have the appropriate knowledge and skills, especially in management of the common symptoms for AIDS patients. The objective was to study the effects of promoting family car
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3196)
Holzemer WL; University of California, San Francisco, United States
HIV/AIDS continues as a significant threat to public health throughout the world. We believe that the generation and sharing of nursing research has the potential to positively influence the quality of care and patient outcomes across the spectrum of HIV disease. We believe that this mission is best achieved through th
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3197)
Nicholas PK, Corless IB, Davis SM, Dolan SE, Gibbon CA; MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV/AIDS experience numerous symptoms due to the disease, side effects of medications and treatment, and co-morbidities. This study describes the range of intensity and bothersomeness of symptoms in HIV disease and the relationship of symptom status, disease status, and quality of life. T
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3198)
Corless IB, Nicholas PK, Davis SM, Dolan SE, McGibbon CA; MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV/AIDS experience numerous symptoms due to the disease, side effects of medications and treatment, and co-morbidities. This study describes the frequency and demographic correlates of symptoms in HIV disease, the intensity and bothersomeness of these symptoms, and the correlation betwee
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3199)
Davis SM, Corless IB, Nicholas PK, Dolan SE, McGibbon CA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV/AIDS experience numerous symptoms that often arise early in the course of HIV and progress over the trajectory of illness. This study describes the frequency and demographic correlates of symptoms and the source of management strategies used by persons with HIV disease. METHODS: Data
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3200)
Phillips KD, Sowell RL, Rojas M; University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
BACKGROUND: Fatigue is a debilitating symptom frequently suffered by HIV-infected individuals. It is a prevalent symptom in otherwise asymptomatic individuals that affects all aspects of an individual s quality of life. Additionally, anemia is a pervasive problem in HIV infections with up to 80% of persons becoming inf
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3201)
Nicastri E, Petrosillo N, Martini L, Preziosi G, Viale PL, Bombana E, Dodi F, Irato L, Pan A; : National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS L. Spallanzani,, Rome, Italy
BACKGROUND: During HIV infection, neurological defects, postural deficiencies and urinary/fecal incontinence can be recognized as risk factors involved in the emergence of pressure ulcer (PU) but, until now, no data in HIV patients are available. Aim of this study is to assess the incidence and the determinant factors
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3202)
Kylma J;;; University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
The dynamics of hope has profound connections with e.g. human life,well-being and health. However,research on the dynamics of hope in adults living with HIV and their significant others is scant. The purpose of this study was to develop a substantive theory on the dynamics of hope in adult persons living with HIV (PLWH
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3203)
Joseph EJ, Ouattara YO; Hospital Bouake, Bouake, Cote d'Ivoire
INTRODUCTION: Home based care has been described as a way to provide PLWA and their family with holistic care. This study is the assessment of the first three years period of this project in order to appreciate It s contribution to achieve this goal. METHODS: Registration book of the project and patient s record were a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3204)
Alvarez MT, Soler A, Ribell M, Pedrol E, Monso C, Guitart R, Montull S;;; Hospital General Granollers, Granollers, Spain
BACKGROUND: To know the effectiveness of a directly observed antiretroviral therapy (DOAT) in subgroups of HIV-infected patients in whom a treatment fulfillment is difficult to reach due to social isolation, active drug addiction or psychopathic personality. METHODS: HIV-infected patients in difficulties in carrying ou
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3205)
Paech V, Lorenzen T, Stoehr A, Plettenberg A; IFI, Hamburg, Germany
BACKGROUND: HIV-resistance analyses and advice from external experts can be helpful to achieve optimum results in switch of HAART in HIV-infected patients with failure to ongoing HAART regimen. Indeed, clinical benefits from resistance analysis interpretation are sigfnificantly higher for those physicians, who are enab
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3206)
Wolfe R, Lobozzo J, Frye V, Blank AE, Sharp V; Center for Comprehensive Care, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Mental health issues, substance abuse, risky sexual behaviors, and domestic violence (DV) are significant problems among HIV-infected individuals. It is therefore critical for HIV primary care to identify and respond to these issues. The Center for Comprehensive Care (CCC) is a large, urban HIV clinic that
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3207)
Resell JA, Gordon DE, Mojarro R; UCLA, Los Angeles, United States
ISSUES: HIV/AIDS service delivery systems in large geographic areas are often fragmented. Gaps in service availability and coordination are frequent. Case managers who work to coordinate care for clients are overburdened with paperwork and meetings, leaving insufficient time available for direct client services. DESCRI
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3208)
Nguyen TQ, Whetten-Goldstein K; Duke University, Durham, United States
ISSUES: In the USA, HIV incidence is higher among minorities and in the Southeast. In North Carolina, new HIV/AIDS cases are disproportionately higher among women, African-Americans and Hispanics. Disenfranchised subpopulations require a seamless care network, but in rural areas like NC, fragmented HIV services limit a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3209)
MacPhail CL, Campbell CM, Pitts M; Centre for Industrial and Scientific Research, Johannesburg, South Africa
BACKGROUND: There is the increasing realization that traditional healers have an important role to play in treating patients with STIs and HIV. This is particularly true in Africa where a majority of people still consults these healers when ill. The aim of the study was to investigate the involvement of traditional hea
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3210)
Clark-Alexander B, Merida M, Wolfson J, Galwankar S, Lennox-Smith J; University of South Florida, Florida Health Information Center, MDC 56, COPH, HSC, Tampa Fl 33612-3805, United States
ISSUES: The rates for AIDS in Florida are significantly above the U.S. national average. Florida ranks second in the U.S. in the number of pediatric and female patients with AIDS. It also ranks third for adult and adolescent AIDS patients. Over the last decade, the program has sustained a coordinated network that deliv
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3211)
Krishnan K; Tn dr Mgr Medical University, 40 Anna Salai,Guindy 32, Chennai, India
ISSUE: Everybody is aware the role of health science universities throughout the world in providing better health care to the community at large. The time has now come that the health science universities has to focus its attention on the deadly disease which is engulfing the entire world in a very rapid manner. It can
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3212)
Pan A, Paraninfo G, Castelli F, Cadeo GP, Carnevale G, Maserati R, Orani A, Carosi G, Bertelli D, Castaldo P, Maggiolo F, Mondello P, Nigro C, Novati S, Patroni A, Perini P, Quiros E, Rizzardini G, Suter F, Tomasoni L, Torti C, Uccelli C, Vangi D; Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Spedali Civili - Universita degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Background The MASTER project is an Italian collaborative study group on HIV started in 1997. The objective of the cohort is to share and compare data from different clinical centers to improve antiretroviral treatment quality. Methods A common software is used by the participating centers. A patient is eligible to ent
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3213)
Paraninfo G, Pan A, Castelli F, Ascione R, Maggiolo F, Orani A, Suter F, Carosi G; Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Spedali Civili - Universita degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Background - In 1997, after the introduction of HAART, some Italian clinical centers organized a study group, named MASTER - aimed to standardized management of antiretroviral therapy. A program to share a common data-base was also implemented. Methods - In 1998 the first software based on Microsoft Access ® was ava
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3214)
Hauzi M, Arbel R, Nagusa H, Rubinstein E, Goslizer T, Eisenberg V, Iluz D, Maayan S; Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
ISSUES: 88.5% of the 87 women currently given care at our AIDS clinic are immigrants from Africa. Mostly come from Ethiopia . This Ethiopian population is characterised by several factors complicating the care: Intercultural differences, language barrier, poverty, social withdrawal and stigmatization- leading to diffic
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3215)
Glazier RH;;; St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapy is associated with improved health outcomes for people living with HIV/AIDS. Unfortunately, full therapeutic benefit from HAART may require near-perfect adherence to prescribed regimens. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of patient support and education interven
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3216)
Umar US, Bakare RA, Umar AS; Unicef D field Office, Bauchi, Nigeria
BACKGROUND: The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to show a rapidly increasing trend in Nigeria , with a median prevalence rate of 5% and over 2 million aready infected, Nigeria has one of the highest number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs). Because of the magnitude of the epidemic and the limited resources available
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3217)
Mandwa DA, Corrigan CB;;; PASADA, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
ISSUES. PASADA (Pastoral Activities and Services for People with HIV / AIDS Dar es Salaam Archdiocese) offers comprehensive care and support for PLWA. Many people who are HIV Positive present with minor symptoms to dispensaries throughout Dar es Salaam but very few are referred for VCT (voluntary counselling and testin
BACKGROUND: Africa is the continent hardest hit by HIV. In Francistown, Botswana 42% of pregnant women are HIV+ve. Treatment is to expensive for most patients in Africa. Botswana introduces universal access to HAART in 2002, first in the region to do so. The local clade is HIV-1C. This report shows that patients presen
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3219)
Maniar JK;;; Grant Medical College, Bombay, India
BACKGROUND: Estimated that > twelve million people are infected with HIV/ AIDS in India . Seroepidemiological survey (n=6,800) shown; HIV-1 86%, HIV-2 4%, & dual infection 10.0 %. Average age range 22 to 38 years. Gender ratio 2: 1. Antiretroviral drugs are marketed at reasonably low cost, nearly 5% of HIV / AIDS i
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3220)
Janossy G, Jani IV, Bradley NJ, Pitfield T, Glencross DK; Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Currently available flow cytometers can provide accurate CD4+ T cell counts for monitoring HIV disease but remain too expensive for resource-poor settings. We combined six modern concepts (i-vi) in flow cytometry (FCM) for more efficient and economical CD4 T cell enumeration. METHODS: (i) Volumetric flow cy
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3221)
Sungkanuparph S, Vibhagool A, Mootsikapun P, Chetchotisakd P, Tansuphaswaswadikul S, Bowonwatanuwong C, Waiwaravut J, Chantratita W, Kiatatchasai W, Thakkinstain A; Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
BACKGROUND: In the developing countries, the patients often present late with advanced AIDS and major OIs. Cryptococcal meningitis is a common OI and usually occurs in patients with low CD4 (
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3222)
Zijlstra EE, Boeree MJ, Banda HT, Harries AD, Sauvageot D, Perriens J, Samb B;;; College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi
BACKGROUND: Mortality is high in tuberculosis patients co-infected with HIV; this may be due to the occurrence of severe (opportunistic) infections. A number of these infections may be prevented by cotrimoxazole. OBJECTIVES: 1) to compare the efficacy of two dosage regimens of cotrimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis (480 mg/da
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3223)
Marlink RG, Ayres JR, Gruskin S, Rivera MG, Kapiga S, Lalloo UG, M'Boup S, Senaratana W, Tarantola D; Harvard AIDS Institute, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: The Enhancing Care Initiative creates local AIDS Care Teams to analyze the care available in their specific socioeconomic and cultural settings. Teams unite experts from diverse institutions and disciplines to assess the needs of PLWA in their region, and make improvements to 10 areas of overall comprehensi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3224)
Regensberg L, Andrews S, Maartens G, Pead C, Nortier S; Medscheme, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Aid for AIDS (AfA) is the largest private sector HIV/AIDS disease management program in Africa with members receiving managed access to ARV. Recent price reductions have enabled access to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) or protease inhibitors (PI). Members of contracted health pl
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3225)
Sow Papa Salif PS, Ngom Gueye Ndeye Fatou NF, Ndella ND, Gueye Papa Mandoumbe PM, Toure Kane Ndeye Coumba NC, Sophie ST, Laniece Isabelle IL, Bara BN, Karim KD, Salif SB, Omar OS, Ibra IN, Souleymane SM; Fann Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
BACKGROUND: The Senegalese Initiative on access to antiretroviral is a subsidized governmental initiative which was set up on august 1998 in order to facilitate access to care for Senegalese patients. Its consisted to build a pilot study according to our limited resources and after to evaluate this experience in order
Introduction: HIV infection among children is a major problem in sub-Saharan Africa. We describe patient characteristics, prescribing patterns, sustainability, and response to ARVs among children accessing ARV therapy at Mildmay Center (MC), an outpatient HIV clinic in Kampala, Uganda . METHODS: Data on demographics,
BACKGROUND: Cotrimoxazole is inexpensive, easily available and is increasingly recommended as prophylaxis for opportunistic infections worldwide. However, little is known about cotrimoxazole adherence, acceptability and toxicity among persons with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated these issues among persons livin
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3228)
Gonzalez M, Bauermister JA; University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico
ISSUES. Over 26,000 cases of AIDS have been registered in Puerto Rico . The Western region have over 2000 cases of AIDS. There are many programs and services for PLHA in the region. However, there had been no systematic efforts to evaluate the effectiveness of the services and to identify needs of PLHA . Given that the
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3229)
Diop K, Laniece I, Ciss M, Desclaux A, Ndiaye B, Ndoye I, Sow K;;; Pharmacy - CHU de Fann -, Dakar, Senegal
BACKGROUND: Research supported by PNLS, ANRS and IRD, focused on the assessment of observance of antiretroviral regimens (ART) among 164 patients enrolled in the Senegalese Initiative of Access to ART (ISAARV) from November 1999 to October 2001. METHODS: Questionnary administered by the pharmacist at each monthly drugs
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3230)
Frank L; University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pitsburgh, PA, United States
ISSUES: Due to the increase need for HIV treatment and prevention services within a primary care context, individual providers and agencies require access to HIV education, consultation, and technical assistance in order to build programs to meet the needs of the medically underserved, disenfrancised and poor. DESCRIPT
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3231)
Bensghir R, Marih L, Sodqi M, Chakib A, Himmich H; Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
BACKGROUND: There are minimal data on the use of ARVs in limited resource settings and few answers to feasibility, efficiency and acceptability in the developing world. We report the Moroccan experience which is one of the first experience of HAART in Africa. METHODS: Prospective study of a cohort of HIV positive patie
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3232)
Sallet J, Sheard C, Hegner R, Hausler H; Hospital, East London, South Africa
Title: Integrating Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) in Primary Health Care Facilities. ISSUE: In face of the rising HIV/AIDS/TB epidemic in South Africa , can a primary health care clinic realistically implement a VCT programme that is integrated in the primary health care package without additional resources/fun
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3233)
Pawinski RA, Jinabhai CC, Lalloo UG, Mtinjana K; University of Natal, Durban, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Health services in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) are currently under immense pressure because of the rising numbers of patients affected by HIV/AIDS presenting to their services. There is a need to review the care for patients in the health services & prioritise effective, sustainable & cost effective strateg
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3234)
Lalloo UG, Pawinski RA, Bobat R, Moodley D, Jinabhai CC, Amod F, Conway S, Friedland G; University of Natal, Durban, South Africa
BACKGROUND: KZN has one the highest antenatal seroprevalence (41% in 2001) and fastest growing HIV epidemics. The Harvard Enhancing Care Initiative (ECI) selected the Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine to develop projects in HIV/AIDS based on its continuum of care program. METHODS: A situational analysis was done to d
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3235)
Jinabhai CC, Pawinski RA, Wamukuo J, Lalloo UG; University of Natal, Durban, South Africa
OBJECTIVES: - Review the services providing care for HIV/Aids patients in each of the six Enhancing Care Initiative (ECI) sites in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). - To assess the cost of care for HIV/Aids patients in Home Based Care - To assess the cost of care for an HIV/Aids clinic dealing with management of opportunistic infec
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3236)
Watera C, Whitworth J, Nakiyingi J, Muwonge R, Brink A, Miiro G, Antvelink L; Medical Research Council, Entebbe, Uganda
BACKGROUND: UNAIDS recommends cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for HIV-positive individuals in Africa, although bacterial resistance to cotrimoxazole is high in East Africa. We assessed the efficacy of daily cotrimoxazole in reduction of morbidity and mortality among HIV-1 infected adults in U
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3237)
Campbell L;;; University of Natal, Durb, South Africa
BACKGROUND: VCT has been regarded as an entry point into a continuum of care & support for both HIV negative & HIV positive clients. In KwaZulu Natal VCT was mainly carried out by overworked, existing health staff at health facilities. The average time available per client was 8 minutes compared to the recommen
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3238)
Louis F, Reuter H, Cuppens H, Coetzee D, Ntwana N, Hilderbrand K;;; MSF, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: In April 00, MSF opened 3 HIV clinics within primary health care (PHC) facilities in a poor township near Cape Town. Appropriate prophylaxis was provided and opportunistic infections (OIs) and HIV related conditions were diagnosed and treated. The type and frequency of adult OIs according to clinical stage
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3239)
Mougnutou R, Bourgeois A, Braye-Mitchell A, Mbuagbaw J, Laurent C, Lactouock B, Ciaffi L, Ngole EM, Delaporte E; Presica/Parvy Project, Military Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
OBJECTIVE: To describe the preliminary results of a cohort study from HIV patients receiving ART. METHODS: Parvy is a collaborative project aiming to provide ART to a cohort of HIV patients followed since January 1997. Inclusion criteria are: prior regular follow-up; CD4 count
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3240)
Ndir A, Thiam S, Canestri A, Landman R, Gueye NF, Diakhate N, Gueye PM, Diouf LM, Toure Kane NC, Ndiaye B, Laniece I, Sow PS, Badiane S, Ndoye I, Mboup S; Infectious desaeses-Fann hospital, Dakar, Senegal
BACKGROUND: Stavudine and Didanosine are two nucleoside analogues. Their efficacy in antiretroviral combination therapy was largely demonstrated by many clinical trials.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3241)
Aguais J, Horn T, Ramirez D, Aguais T, Castaneda M, Alain C, Lavandera M;;; AID FOR AIDS, New York, United States
[Image not included] BACKGROUND: AID FOR AIDS is a non-profit organization founded to support the clinical care of HIV-infected Latinos/as living in the United States and throughout Latin America. AIDS FOR AIDS maintains a national canvassing program to collect unused HIV/AIDS medications from patients and clinicians i
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3242)
Cotton M, Hislop MS, Regensberg L; Univ. of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND. There are limited data on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children from South Africa , a region with high endemicity for HIV. As managing ART is complex, local data will assist in promoting wider access to medication. Currently, few children not covered by private sector medical aid funds (MAF) have access
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3243)
Mandy F, Bese A, Barnabe P, Solajic Z, Bergeron M, Janossy G; National HIV Immunology Laboratory, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
Introduction: Global access to HIV antiretroviral treatment is rapidly expanding. A critical component of comprehensive treatment and care of individuals living with HIV is the accurate and timely CD4 T-cell counting. It is more important now then ever before to provide access to affordable CD4 T-cell counting. Thus fa
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3244)
Rosenfield A, El-Sadr W, Rabkin M, Hammer S, Abrams E, Kuhn L, Collins P, Hoos D, Myer L, Berkman A; Columbia University, New York, United States
ISSUES: Programs for the prevention of maternal to child transmission (MTCT) have been expanding globally primarily through the use of nevirapine . However, while these programs are effective in the prevention of transmission of HIV to the newborn infant, the women do not receive treatment for their own or their childr
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3245)
Hargreaves NJ, Chimzizi RB, Harries AD, Godfrey-Faussett P, Mughogho O, Salaniponi FM; Malawi National TB Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi
ISSUES: Malawi is suffering linked epidemics of HIV and TB. The national adult HIV rate is 16%; the TB case rate is 220/100,000, and 77% of TB patients are HIV-positive. ProTEST promotes voluntary counselling and HIV testing (VCT) as an HIV prevention strategy and as an entry point to a package of HIV/TB interventions,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3246)
Leandre F, Farmer P, Mukherjee JS, Claude MS, Nevil P, Fawzi MC, Koenig SP, Castro A, Becerra MC, Addo M, Walker B, Kim JY;;; Zanmi Lasante, Cange, Haiti
ISSUE: Directly observed therapy (DOT) with antiretroviral drugs can improve adherence and thus durability of viral suppression. In resource-poor settings, such as rural Haiti , community health workers are trained to provide DOT for HAART in order to improve clinical outcomes. DESCRIPTION: Adherence to antiretroviral
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3247)
Mrus JM, Yi MS, Tsevat J, Wu AW, Gorski H, Zackin R, Freedberg KA; University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
BACKGROUND: Utilities are scores that represent the values people assign to various health states, and are used to quality adjust survival outcomes in cost-effectiveness analyses and clinical trials. VAS scores (usually 0 - 100 scale) are used as global quality of life indicators and are more easily obtained than direc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3248)
Gregory KL, Gibbs DP; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
BACKGROUND: AIDS Dementia Compex (ADC) is a subcortical dementia that is a complication of HIV disease. Individuals with ADC undergo numerous assessments of cognition and function to help determine their need for personal care assistance. However, there is limited information on how individuals with ADC view their func
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3249)
Meystre-Agustoni G, Dubois-Arber F, Cochand P, Telenti A, Morency P, Jeannin A, Spencer B; University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
BACKGROUND: To examine the impact of HAART on patient s every day life, problems encountered and the doctor-patient relationship from the patient s perspective. METHODS: Information was obtained by self-administered questionnaire distributed to all patients in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study who had been offered HAART and w
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3250)
Lochet P, Peyriere H, Mauboussin JM, Delmas B, Lotthe A, Reynes J; University hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
BACKGROUND: NPAR commonly occur within the first days following initiation of treatment with efavirenz (EFV), and resolve in 2 to 4 weeks. The objective of Sensio study was to assess late adverse reactions as reported by patients after 3 months antiretroviral combination t
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3251)
Santos CP, Eid ET, Felipe YX, Maester L, Oliveira MS, Lopes MI, Segurado AA, Leite OH; Casa da AIDS, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Body s alterations are frequently described in HIV-infected patient, mainly central fat accumulation (abdomen, neck, breast) and peripherical fat wasting (face, arms, legs). This study was performed to define how the patients notice body s alterations and their understanding about lipodystrophy information
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3252)
Grierson JW, Misson S, Donald KM, Hurley M, Willis J, O'Brien ML; ARCSHS, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
BACKGROUND: Long term community experience of antiretroviral therapies has resulted in a more complex engagement between PLWHA and their treatments. Uncertainty about the benefits of treatments and the consequences of interruptions to treatment are critical issues at this point in the epidemic. METHODOLOGY: This paper
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3253)
Cooper V, Horne R, Gellaitry G, Lambert N, Fisher M; University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: This was part of a prospective study in which we demonstrated that uptake and adherence to HAART was predicted by patients personal beliefs about HIV and HAART and that patients beliefs often differed from the medical view Horne et al. (2002). This paper presents a qualitative analysis of interviews conduct
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3254)
Schrooten W, Dreezen C, Asboe D, Gordillo MV, Schonnesson L, Colebunders R; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
BACKGROUND: Many people living with HIV complain of sexual dysfunction. METHODS: An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to people living with HIV/AIDS in 10 European HIV treatment centers. Sexual dysfunction was evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Dysfunction1 and the Female Sexual Function Index2sc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3256)
Edubio A, Narimani P, Ihekweazu CA, Broring G; Robert Koch Institut, Berlin, Germany
BACKGROUND: There are unknown numbers of non-documented migrants of sub-Saharan African origin resident in Germany . Treatment structures within the German health care system only admit patients with a valid passport and a documented legal residence status. This vacuum could have dire consequences in the spread of HIV.
BACKGROUND: Active tuberculosis is an important illness associated with HIV infection. Opiate users, especially the injectors, are a high-risk group for HIV infection. Information on incidence rates of tuberculosis among the drug users is important for designing an appropriate intervention. METHODS: This study was cond
BACKGROUND: End-stage liver disease due to chronic hepatitis C is becoming a main cause of mortality in HIV-/HCV-coinfected IVDUs. Case management of these patients should stress an early HCV-therapy before the necessary antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: In our single center cohort ( 197 consecutive IVDU with HIV-/HCV-c
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3259)
Catz SL, Sosman JM, Scheuerell KA, Crumble D; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
BACKGROUND: Approximately 20% of US HIV-infected persons were incarcerated during the past year. Many persons learn of their diagnosis or begin HIV care when they enter a correctional facility, and may be at high risk for nonadherence. Yet, little research has examined the unique barriers to adherence faced by HIV+ per
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3260)
Miller CL, Heath KV, Chan K, Spittal PM, O'Shaughnessy MV, Montaner JS, Schechter MT, Hogg RS; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: There have been few studies characterizing access to antiretrovirals (ARV) and response to therapy among indigenous peoples. We undertook this study to provide a profile of indigenous people accessing ARV therapy and their response to treatment. METHODS: The HIV/AIDS Drug Treatment Program (DTP) distributes
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3261)
Rowe L, Maor C, Gilad M, Arad S; AIDS center, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
The Rambam Medical Center in Haifa, Israel , has been faced with challenge of treating all the new Ethiopian immigrants in the northern part of Israel that were diagnosed as HIV positive. The multidisciplinary staff of the AIDS clinic in Rambam have adopted in unisson a psychosocial approach to overcome the massive bar
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3262)
Bary M, Asselah K, Catrix S, Djuric M, Boukhemair A, Gentilini M; Centre du Moulin Joly, Hopital H. Dunant, French Red Cross, Paris, France
BACKGROUND: Despite medical insurance systems in European countries certain populations have poor access to medical care and remain underserved. The Moulin Joly Center (MJC) is a consultation center for the care of outpatients affected by both infectious diseases and severe social difficulties. In the first place a rec
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3263)
Sosman JM, Baker J, Catz SL, Brondino MJ; University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States
BACKGROUND: Up to 20% of HIV+ patients in the US were incarcerated last year. Many HIV+ inmates are diagnosed and begin treatment after entering prison. Yet, little is known regarding the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy among inmates. Delayed or suboptimal treatment may have significant patient and public healt
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3264)
Marques P, Trenado E, Collins S, Houyez F; EATG, Lisbon, Portugal
BACKGROUND: Pharmaceutical companies, researchers and investigators need to interact with HIV+ communities in order to facilitate research that is more productive and better adjusted to patients needs in areas like best practice, clinical trial design review and suggestions, protocol development, content and language o
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3265)
Riley ED, Perry S, Moss AR, Guzman D, Clark RA, Charlebois E, Bangsberg DR; University of California, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: We determined predictors of cumulative time on HAART among HIV-infected homeless and marginally housed (HMH) individuals who ever received it. METHODS: Between 1996 and 2001, a probability-based sample of HIV-infected HMH was followed quarterly for information regarding sociodemographics, health care, and a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3266)
Hedge B;;; Department of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
ISSUES: Doctors with HIV can be involved with HIV in both the personal and professional aspects of their life. Social support has been found to enhance mood and improve quality of life. This can be difficult to obtain when confidentiality of HIV status is desired. Stigmatisation of gay doctors with HIV has led many doc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3267)
Weiler GA, Vareldzis B, Perriens J, Vitoria M, Gazzard BG, Poznyak V;;; World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
BACKGROUND: There is still significant scepticism as to the feasibility, effectiveness and appropriateness of providing anti-retroviral treatment (ARV) to HIV positive injecting drug users (IDUs). This scepticism may result in undue exclusion of IDUs from expanding ARV treatment services. METHODS: In November 2001, WHO
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3268)
Maguet O, Guichard A, Calderon C, Gaigi H, Soletti J; AIDES, Pantin, France
BACKGROUND: In France , 85,000 individuals dependent on opioids are currently receiving drug substitution medication prescribed by general practitioners or specialist addiction facilities. The framework governing prescription strictly limits the choice of medication available (Subutex (c) and morphine sulphates in tabl
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3269)
Hodges JC, Khoshnood K, Stevens D; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
BACKGROUND: Recently published research has indicated that there is differential access to HIV services amongst races. In light of the latest findings which indicate a significant increase in HIV prevalence for young gay black men in the United States , this study examines variations in the time period of initiating HI
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3270)
Zirulnik JL, Patterson P, Cahn P; Hospital Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS disease had a high impact on psychiatric status of HIV infected patients before the introduction of HAART. Very few studies showed the impact of HAART on psychiatric disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychiatric profile of HIV/AIDS patients assisted in a single clinic after introduction of HAART.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3271)
Kimel GH, Grafstein E, Montaner JS, Craib KJ, Regev T, Palepu A, Hogg R, Sherlock CH, Christenson J, Innes G, O'Shaughnessy M; Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
BACKGROUND: There are an estimated 9,000 injection drug users (IDUs) of whom approximately 2,000 are HIV positive (HIV+) in Vancouver. Many that present to the emergency room (ER) are not on antiretroviral therapy (ART). OBJECTIVE: To identify sociodemographic features of HIV+ patients presenting to the ER who are not
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3272)
Landon BE, Wilson IB, Wong MD, Cohn SE, Fichtenbaum CJ, Wenger NS, Bozzette SA, Shapiro MF, Cleary PD; Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: The changing nature of HIV care has important implications for the types of physicians that can best care for patients with HIV infection. In this study we assess the association of specialty training and experience in the care of HIV with the adoption and use of HAART therapy and adherence. METHODS: We use
ISSUES: Recently many pharmaceutical companies announced substantial price discounts on antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to resource-constrained countries. In addition to price reduction appropriate models to deliver the drugs & to ensure proper administration & use are necessary. DESCRIPTION: In May 2001, the AHCP
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3274)
Sepulveda C, Anglaret X, Berrios G, Rios M, Navarrete E, Graells D, Henriquez A; Hospital Clinico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
BACKGROUND: Since 1997, the Chilean national AIDS program has been scaling up free access to antiretroviral multitherapies. A national HIV RNA database was constituted at the beginning of 1998 as a tool for assessing the evolution of drug access at the national level. METHODS: We gathered data on plasma HIV RNA levels
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3275)
Vidal M, Gotuzzo E, Echevarria J, Seas C, Verdonck K, Samalvides F; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
BACKGROUND. In Peru , only a minority of patients with HIV receives antiretroviral (ARV) therapy through a system of medical insurance. In the public sector where the vast majority of people are attended, patients have to pay the cost of the ARV therapy they need. There is insufficient information about the use of ARV
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3276)
Boyle BA, Ball SC, Adenekan J, Ogun Y, Lytton J, Jacobs J; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: The vast majority of HIV-infected persons live in countries that lack the resources to provide treatment. At the same time, many unused antiretrovirals go to waste in developed countries. METHOD: A prospective, pilot antiretroviral treatment program enrolled HIV-infected patients with symptoms of advanced H
BACKGROUND: Until 1998 access to ARV was limited in Mexico only for people with high personal income or with a regular work with established employer. People unemployed or working in the informal economy were left outside. This abstract describes the efforts in providing access to care by the Ministry of Health in Mexi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3278)
Prabhu VA, Shyamprasad S, Williams J; Gurukul Clinic,AIDS Desk, National Lutheran Health &Medical Board,UELCI., Chennai, India
BACKGROUND: The presence of a potentially huge market, incorrect prescribing practices and prescription-happy representatives! add spice to the Indian ARV scenario. A HIVday-care centre s approach to tackle this problem of access to ARV therapy, strategies for drug delivery and efforts to strengthen adherence and monit
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3279)
Laurent C, Gueye NF, Schiemann R, Diakhate N, Gueye M, Canestri A, Sow PS, Faye MA, Toure Kane NC, Liegeois F, Vergne L, Landman R, Mboup S, Ndoye I, Delaporte E; IRD - UR 36, Montpellier, France
OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility, effectiveness, adherence, toxicity and viral resistance of ART in African HIV-infected patients. METHODS: A pilot study started in Dakar in August 1998. Available drugs included NRTI ( d4T , ddI , ZDV,
BACKGROUND: Is hepatotoxicity associated with antiretroviral therapy is influenced by HIV and viral hepatitis B or C co-infection? METHODS: Retrospective study from October/98 to January 2001, all ARV adult patients receiving antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in Infectious disease clinic in CHU Treichville through ARV drug
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3281)
More K;;; Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana
ISSUES: Since the advent of HIV/AIDS in 1985 in Botswana , the HIV infection prevalence have continued to increase, making Botswana one of the hardest hit countries. An estimated number of 300,000 HIV infected persons is recorded, a considerable proportion for a population of about 1.7 million. In order to reduce suffe
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3282)
Fletcher S, Tsoukas C; Montreal General Hosptial, Montreal, Canada
BACKGROUND: Patients with active HIV experience problems with their teeth and gums leading to dental loss. Since highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was introduced oral disease stabilized. During therapy changes in the mouth can signal disease progression. To determine the natural history of oral alveolar bone
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3283)
Wong KH, Ho CF, Fong OW, Yuen GC, Lee SS; Integrated Treatment Centre, Department of Health, Hong Kong SAR, China
BACKGROUND: With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), continual monitoring and reinforcing patients drug adherence has become a crucial component of HIV management. There is, however, no gold standard to measure drug adherence. METHODS: In an effort to monitor and enhance HAART adherence of our H
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3284)
Weiss LJ, French PT, Waters MD, Agins BD, Finkelstein RS; New York Academy of Medicine, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Despite the recognized need for adherence support for persons on HAART, there is little information on the characteristics of successful support programs. METHODS: In 1998, the New York State AIDS Institute funded 11 networks of providers to develop adherence support programs for individuals at risk of non-
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3285)
Konkle-Parker DJ; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
BACKGROUND: Adherence to HIV medications is critical in suppression of viral replication for long-term control of disease progression. Adherence has proven to be very difficult, for a variety of reasons that are specific to each individual, and modalities to improve adherence have been difficult to identify. This resea
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3286)
Samet JH, Horton NJ, Dukes K, Meli S, Tripp T, LaBelle C, Freedberg KA; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: Alcohol use has been associated with decreased adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), a critical element of HIV treatment. METHODS: We randomized patients with a history of alcohol problems who were receiving ART to usual medical follow-up (USUAL) or an intervention (INT). In the INT, a nurse, specifica
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3287)
Papatheofanis FJ, Mukherjee J, Tuomari V, Jackson S; UCSD, San Diego, CA, United States
BACKGROUND. There is a substantial positive correlation between increased patient adherence to antiretroviral [ARV] medication dosing and net health outcomes; moreover, consistent dosing is required to maintain suppressed viral loads. This investigation aimed to determine whether patients prefer once-daily dosing to ot
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3288)
Amorim AS, Estevam DL, Alencar WK, Goncalves MM, Nocentini CP, Oliveira A; STD/Aids Training Referral Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Due to the need and importance of compliance to anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy in HIV patients, in 2001, health professionals of the Sao Paulo State STD/Aids Referral and Training Center coordinated discussion groups at CEFRAM, a non-governmental organization. METHODS: 12 operative groups, social interactive
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3289)
Bissuel F, Couppie P, Guedj ME, Mason S, Pradinaud R; Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais, Saint-Laurent du maroni, French Guiana
BACKGROUND: French Guiana , an overseas french department in the Amazonian forest complex inhabited by a large variety of ethnic groups, is particularly concerned by the problem of comprehension and adherence to therapy. Physicians are always looking for the simplest combinations for their patients. We evaluated the to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3290)
Bass D, Smith MF; Bristol-Myers Squibb Virology, Plainsboro, NJ, United States
BACKGROUND: The number of HIV medications continues to grow with the introduction of new classes of drugs and additional entries within classes. In total, there are now 19 different antiretrovials (ARV) which can be combined into many discrete regimens. Most HIV drugs are considered efficacious with new entrants to dif
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3291)
Codina C, Tuset M, Delgado O, Garcia B, Morancho O, Escobar A, Martinez B, Amador P, Estaun E, Sainz A, Martinez N, Cal S, mez MR, Ibarra O, Carmona A, Jimenez I, Moriel C, Leon J, Caro L, Castillo I, Bachiller P, Irastorza B, Gine M, Sala M, Santolaya R, Lluch A, Iruin A, Alfaro J;;; H. Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the impact of a pharmaceutical care program on the adherence improvement and the patients clinical evolution. METHODS: A multicenter, health education study was conducted in 541 HIV patients receiving therapy, randomly selected from 19 different hospitals. Patients were followed-up during two pe
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3292)
Ciaffi L, Tengpe GB, Tita I, Ngalle M, Ndoumbe A, Bourgeois A, Laurent C, Ngole EM, Andrieux-Meyer I; Medecins sans Frontieres - CH, Yaounde, Cameroon
ISSUES: The requests for access to ART in Africa have often been dismissed on the basis of impossible compliance in such a context. DESCRIPTION: Parvy is a pilot project aiming to provide ART to people living with HIV (PLWH) while obtaining the best efficacy. To accomplish this, a follow up of compliance has been organ
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3293)
Chambliss PD, Reyes FG, Rusu D, Grossman HA; Polari Medical Group, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: HAART regimens must be more convenient, tolerable and effective. QD dosing has become reality in the past year, as some drugs have approval and others have new data. METHODS: Retrospective review of pts in community-based practice on qd therapy in past 12 mo. 50 charts evaluated, 5 eliminated due to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3294)
Orofino GC, Carosella S, Leombruni P, Bolgiani M, Balducci R, Barbaro M, Romano A, Sorbo A; Dept. Infectious Diseases Div. A Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy
Background Although a good adherence (AD) is essential for successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) and factors related to a poor AD are well known, intervention programs to support AD are lacking. In our hospital, we implemented a project called SOS (Sustain Orientation Solution) Therapy, aimed to improve individual co
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3295)
Reynolds NR, Testa MA, Marc LG, Chesney MA, Neidig JL, Smith SR, Vella S, Robbins GG; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
BACKGROUND: Psychosocial factors might influence attitudes and beliefs toward antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV+ persons naive to ART, and therefore could be important to consider when designing adherence intervention programs. METHODS: As part of a multicenter AACTG clinical trial, baseline questionnaires were compl
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3296)
Melus E, del Pozo J, Ibarra V, Blanco JR, Oteo JA; Hospital La Rioja, Logrono, Spain
Antiretroviral therapy adherence (AA) is one of the keys for the therapeutic outcome against HIV infection. BACKGROUND: To evaluate the factors associated with a positive or negative AA in HIV patients admitted in our Hospital for performing the necessary further interventions. METHODS: From May to December 2000, 95 HI
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3297)
Watanabe M, Nakano E, Ito S, Ogane M, Ikeda K, Oka S; AIDS Clinical Center, Tokyo, Japan
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the factors related to Quality of Life(QoL) in HIV/AIDS patients in Japan . It focused on issues surrounding Antiretroviral(ARV) Therapy and self-defined symptoms. METHODS: Study population consisted of 465 patients with HIV/AIDS in the AIDS Clinical Center at the Intern
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3298)
Gilmore J, Maniglia R, Norris A, Duffalo M, Wolff K, Kostman JR; Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, United States
BACKGROUND: Although medication adherence is the most important factor in successful viral suppression, standardized interventions to promote adherence have not been well studied. We reviewed our experience with our medication adherence program (MAP) to determine its effectiveness. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical rec
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3299)
Mannheimer S, Franks J, Holson N, Perkins M, Rita A, Dohnert H, Wilson E, Findley S; Columbia University Harlem Hospital Center, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Childhood sexual abuse (csa) is associated with conditions like post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety disorder, as well as with substance abuse and addiction. These conditions may impact negatively on adherence (adh) to antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS: HIV-infected patients (pts) cur
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3300)
Battaglioli-DeNero A, Gallucci A, Fish D, Stellrecht K, Piliero P, Clifford G; Albany Medical College, Albany, United States
BACKGROUND: Increased understanding of HIV pathogenesis and viral dynamics has led researchers to conclude that near perfect adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy is needed to suppress viral load (VL) and prevent the development of drug resistance. The Albany Treatment Adherence Program (ATAP) is a specialized prog
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3301)
Esch LD, Klem KI, Hardy H, Wynn HE, Shelton MJ, Hewitt RG, Morse GD; State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, United States
BACKGROUND: Despite use of potent antiretroviral therapy (ART), failure rates of initial regimens are reported as high as 50%. Adherence appears to be a strong predictor of durability of ART; however, virologic outcomes data evaluating the effect of adherence interventions are lacking. The impact of intense adherence i
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3302)
Halvarsson M, Christiansen M, Lindback S, nnerborg A, Pehrson PO; Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
BACKGROUND: Modern treatment has led to substantial decrease in morbidity and mortality in clinical trials with a short time perspective. Analyses of real life settings are few and normally show a high drop-out as well as virological failure rate when patients are followed more than 48 weeks. METHODS: The out-patient u
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3303)
Boyer A, London KJ, Indyk D; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: It is well known that disadvantaged persons infected with HIV are unlikely to be in more than episodic medical care. This is even more true among women than men. There have been few studies to determine the reasons for this fact. METHODS: Interviews were conducted with women living in a Single-Room-Occupanc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3304)
Kunches LM, Hirschhorn LR, Reinhalter NE, Decristofaro JB, Lawrence P, Musolino J, Coakley E, McGuire JF, ACTNow Working Group MA; JSI Research and Training, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: Quality HIV clinical care for patients living with HIV (PLWH) is critical. The Massachusetts DPH funds 11 regional centers of excellence (17 sites) which serve high numbers of un/underinsured PLWH. A QA project was initiated to measure quality of care and provide a framework for quality improvement. METHODS
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3305)
Hekkink CF, Bindels PJ, Brinkman K, van der Meer JT, Wigersma L, Yzermans CJ, Danner SA; Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Aim: The TAZO-project evaluates the quality of HIV-care. We compared patients view on HIV-care with the view of other chronic diseases: rhematic- and asthma patients. METHODS: The QUOTE instrumentsare developed as part of the research project Quality of Care from the Patients Perspective . We copared 11 general aspects
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3306)
Meystre-Agustoni G, Dubois-Arber F, Morency P, Cochand P, Telenti A, Jeannin A, Spencer B; University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
BACKGROUND: To examine the decision process regarding treatment from the patient s perspective. Informed consent implies that patients should be adequately informed about the action of the treatment on the virus, expected benefits, side effects, long-term risk and the need for adherence. METHODS: Information was obtain
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3307)
Nemes MI, Castanheira ER, Melchior R, Basso CR, Britto e Alves MT, Donini A, David JS, Braga P, Tunala LG, Melchior SC; QualiAids Group- Preventive Medicine Department- U.of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Quality of care is one of the greatest concerns in health planning and evaluation. This study shows the development of a quality of care evaluation that is being carried out in 353 Brazilian health services. These services treat 78% of the 100,000 Brazilian patients under HAART. METHODS: The team at each he
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3308)
Nemes MI, Melchior R, Donini A, Basso CR, Castanheira ER, Britto e Alves MT, David JS, Braga P, Tunala LG; QualiAids Group-Preventive Medicine Department- U.of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: In 1999, an evaluation on HAART adherence of 8580 patients from 27 health services in Sao Paulo State, Brazil showed that the main variables explaining the non adherence are the provided health care characteristics. This result was the basis of this study now focused on quality of care. METHODS: The teams a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3309)
Johnston BE, Leon RL, Ong KR; St. Vincent's-Manhattan, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: Electronic medical records (EMR) have been studied and their efficacy demonstrated in chronic disease management but there are few studies of the EMR and HIV care. METHODS: In September 1999 St. Vincent s-Manhattan HIV Center, serving 3000 patients, instituted an EMR from a vendor, Epicsystems, as a pilot p
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3310)
Berlin C, Paley C, Xenarios S, Blank A, Hien D, Frye V, Sharp V; NiteStar, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY, United States
ISSUES: HIV care providers face barriers to identifying patients affected by intimate partner and sexual violence (IPV/SV), the prevalence of which is particularly high among people with HIV. A healthcare system response, training HIV care providers to screen for IPV/SV among their patients, is needed to increase acces
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3311)
Dedicoat M, Reid A, Mbatha D, Gilks C; Liverpool University, Hlabisa, South Africa
BACKGROUND: South Africa has one of the highest prevalence s of HIV/AIDS in the world. Our aim was to examine the impact of HIV/AIDS on acute medical admissions in a rural district hospital over time to provide information for planning a district wide response. METHODS: During late 2001and early 2002, 623 consecutive p
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3312)
Melchior SC, Soares DA, Ivama AM, Nemes MI; QualiAids Group- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
BACKGROUND: It has already been well appointed that the AIDS care needs multiple professional approaches. The complexity of the HAART stands out the importance of the pharmacist in the health care teams. According to the AIDS Brazilian Program the pharmacists are the responsible for the management of drug delivery. Thi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3313)
Scott GR;;; Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Background - Increasingly, patients wish to know if their doctor/clinic is providing them with an acceptable standard of care. One way of giving this reassurance is by measuring doctor/clinic performance against targets that are believed to reflect accurately the overall quality of clinical service provision. One such
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3314)
Beck-Sague CM, Andress R, Zorrilla C, Suarez J, Singleton M, Jaffe H; Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: PCP , largely preventable by use of effective prophylaxis, continues, despite declining incidence, to cause considerable morbidity and mortality among persons with HIV infection. To identify reasons for persistence of PCP and PCP mortality, PCP cases were reviewed. METHODS: Medical records of persons hospit
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3315)
Korner EJ, Bankowitz RA, Cerese JL, Keroack MA, Li T, Wu AW;;; University HealthSystem Consortium, Oak Brook, United States
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the variation in care provided to HIV-infected individuals in the ambulatory care setting and identify opportunities for quality improvement. METHODS: Members of the U.S. University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) and National Association of Public Hospitals (NAPH) we
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3316)
Deshpande AK, Vaidya SB; Grant Medical College &Sir J J Hospital, Mumbai, Mumbai, India
OBJECTIVE: HIV management in India is complex due to lack of laboratory infrastructure, untrained clinicians, high illiteracy & ignorance, low income, sociocultural traditions with the use of magic remedies, apathy towards counseling & with no system of prescription surveillance & lack of medical audit.
OBJECTIVE: to assess predictors and correctness of Ds or NCAI of HAART following hospitalisation. METHODS: re-evaluation of electronic prescription of antivirals in in-patients. As predictors of Ds or NCAI were considered: age, sex, HAART before admission, time on HAART, length of hospital stay, most recent CD4 count/v
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3318)
Sephiri K;;; Naledi Hospice, Bloemfontein, South Africa
ISSUES: Children infected and affected by HIV/AIDS have the same emotional and developmental needs as all children . Palliative day care centres run as part of The St Nicholas Children s Hospice programme in the Free State, South Africa , assist these children to develop holistically; improve both physical and emotiona
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeB3319)
Wu AW, Skinner A, Dunn L; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Quality of care indicators are needed to examine the performance of care providers, to compare organizations, and to inform quality improvement activities. Many elements of care can be assessed using patient reports. We tested a set of survey-based quality indicators for adults with HIV disease at a large t
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3320)
Lengaki L, Msumi ZM; National AIDS Control Programme, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
ISSUE: The emergence of HIV/AIDS in Tanzania has raised serious legal problems across all fields of law. In the insurance industry, insurers are not ready to insure HIV infected patients. In the family law area, lawyers and clergymen are still debating on pre-marital testing and whether to allow HIV/AIDS clients to bea
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3321)
Kent DM, Mwamburi M, Cash R, Rabin T, Bennish ML; New England Medical Center, Boston, United States
BACKGROUND: There has been intense debate on the minimum standard of care for clinical trials in resource poor settings (RPS). In this study we used a hypothetical scenario to examine attitudes to trials that have a standard of care lower than that available in wealthy countries, but better than routinely available in
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3322)
Lebouche B, Yazdanpanah Y, Gerard Y, Alcaraz I, Boitte P, Cadore B, Mouton Y; Hepatogastroenterology and AIDS Unit, Hotel-Dieu, LYON, France
BACKGROUND: In a previous study of a French clinical cohort, the incidence rate of being lost to follow-up (LFU) was estimated at 4,3 person-years from January 1985 to October 1998 (LFU = having neither attended our clinic nor any other HIV-clinic during at least one year). Potential LFU risk factors identified through
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeB3323)
Kolesov VM, Hasieva VI; Medical Analytical Center, Vologda, Russian Federation
BACKGROUND: The continuing AIDS education of physicians is the recognized and necessary measure in struggle with epidemic of HIV/AIDS. It is enough to have in mind the activity of AETCs (AIDS Education and Training Centers) in USA. This education experience has exclusive significance for Russia where epidemic eme
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3324)
Hoos D, Stein Z; Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University, New York, United States
ISSUES: Despite dissimilarities to the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa , we consider that the HIV/AIDS epidemic was out of control in New York State (NYS) fifteen years ago among men who have sex with men (MSM) and injection drug users (IDU); subgroup seroprevalence and seroincidence surpassed current rates in South
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3325)
Badaru SO, Thomas BN, Ariyo FK, Omilabu SA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idiaraba,Lagos, Nigeria
BACKGROUND: Since the initial report from the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) describing the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a an evolving pandemic and disease of enormous significance, Nigeria is yet to have a broad based surveillance report. However, no significant findings were made. Su
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3326)
Carbonero LM, Samaniego JG, Lopez M, Soriano V, Barreiro P, Moreno V, Blanco F, Garcia-Benayas T, Gonzalez-Lahoz J; Infectious Diseases Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: The porpouse of this study was to analyze the number and cause of death in a group of patients before and after HAART. METHODS: Deaths 1994-2001 were recorded. Data regarding the epidemiological characteristics, CD4+ cell count and treatment were obtained. Causes of death were classified as due to an AIDS-d
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3327)
Santo AH, Santos JL, Jordani MS; School of Public Health/University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Deaths of human immunodeficiency virus disease (AIDS) result from the association of infections, neoplasms and other conditions, whose trend was affected by highly active antiretroviral therapies. The study of these modifications would identify diseases that should receive more attention to prevent their le
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3328)
Ekong EE, Akinlade O, Uwah A, Grant-Isibor I, Igbu T; 1Nigerian Army Reference Hospital/Nigerian Medical Association, Yaba,, Lagos,, Nigeria
BACKGROUND: While fewer patients die in the developed world from HIV/AIDS and their complications, the reverse is the case for the developing world where the patients are dieing due to lack or inadequacy of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the trend and spectrum of deaths of pati
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3329)
Gayet A, Baratin D, Marceillac E, Peyramond D, Trepo C, Touraine JL, Chidiac C, Ritter J, Fabry J, Vanhems P; Service d'Hygiene Hospitaliere, Epidemiologie et Sante Publique - Hopital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
Introduction: To describe the trends of AIDS cases by sex, age, routes of infection (RI) and AIDS-defining illnesses (ADIs) in the second biggest University Medical Center in France . METHODS: Prospective cohort study of AIDS patients, followed in Lyon University Hospitals between 1985-2000. Analyses compared four time
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3330)
Baratin D, Gayet A, Marceillac E, Peyramond D, Trepo C, Touraine JL, Chidiac C, Ritter J, Fabry J, Vanhems P; Service d'Hygiene hospitaliere, Epidemiologie et Sante Publique, Lyon, France
BACKGROUND: A diagnosis of AIDS shortly after a detection of HIV antibodies suggests a long lasting course of disease without treatment. To explore a late access to care, we studied the factors associated with a short delay (Sh.D) between the HIV-1 infection detection and the first AIDS event .METHOD: Prospective anony
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3331)
Benetucci JA, Oliva SM, Montero A; FUNDAI - Hospital de Infecciosas F J Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: To determine the variations of AIDS mortality in patients with low HAART utilization in an infectious diseases Hospital. METHODS: The variation of rates of total discharges and mortality (TDM), AIDS discharges and mortality (ADM) and other infectious causes discharges and mortality (OICDM) between 1995 and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3332)
Ng'weshemi J, Urassa M, Isingo R, Mwaluko G, Ngalula J, Boerma T, Zaba B;;; TANESA, Mwanza, Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Child mortality in Tanzania rose from 137 per 1,000 in 1992-96 to 147 in 1995-99. HIV affects child mortality directly, due to mother to child transmission, and indirectly, as maternal deaths impact on child health. Data from a longitudinal community-based study in Kisesa ward, Mwanza region show the contri
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3333)
Bourne DE, Borman B; Dept Public Health, University of Cape Town and Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND. A comonly used definition for birth defects states that a birth defect is any anomaly - functional or structural - that presents in infancy or later in life and is caused by events preceding birth, whether inherited, or acquired . While congenital rubella and congenital syphilis have long been considered bi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3334)
Louie JK, Hsu LC, Osmond DH, Katz MH, Schwarcz SK; University of California San Francisco, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, San Francisco, United States
Backgound: To understand recent temporal trends in AIDS mortality in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at a population level, we analyzed the causes of death among persons with AIDS in San Francisco who died before and after 1996. METHODS: We reviewed the underlying and contributing causes of deat
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3335)
Alvarez MT, Soler A, Ribell M, Andres I, Simon JL, Pedrol E;;; CAS Granollers, Granollers, Spain
BACKGROUND: Emergency Departments (ED) have been the main sanitary resource used by patients with active drug addiction. A better follow-up of these patients has been possible since Substance Abuse Treatment Center (SATC) have demonstrated to be useful in solving some sanitary and social problems. To analyze reasons fo
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3336)
Cohen MH, Green L, Sherer R; The CORE Center, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, United States
BACKGROUND: While declines in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mortality were dramatic following highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use in 1996, national surveillance reports a leveling of these declines among adults with AIDS in 1999. We describe mortality trends from January 1996 through December 2000 in
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3337)
Green L, Cohen MH, Pulvirenti J, Sherer R; CORE Center, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, United States
BACKGROUND: Although the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has decreased mortality, causes of death in men and women with human immunodeficiency (HIV) have been shown to differ. METHODS: Data from the Illinois Department of Public Health mortality file containing Chicago residents and occurrences and
BACKGROUND: Mortality rates in HIV infected patients reached very high rates before the introduction of HAART, and in many developed countries became one of the firs causes of mortality in young adult patients. Its values seem to have descended in the last years. HIV infection in Spain has specific epidemiologic cha
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3339)
Coeur SL, Halembokaka GE, Douma JB, Purhuence F, Sibi M, Ndala B, Koulou P, Matete M; Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques, Paris, France
Background The impact of the HIV epidemic on mortality in countries where prevalence rates in the general population are high is expected to be considerable. However, studies measuring directly the contribution of AIDS to the general mortality are scarce. Methods From June 30 to October 18, 2001, the causes of all deat
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3340)
Bareta JC, Galai N, Strathdee SA, Cohn S, Margolick JB, Sterling T, Vlahov D; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Survival after an AIDS diagnosis has increased since the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapies (HAART). This effect may be due to HAART alone or in combination with other advances in HIV treatment and management. Clinical decisions regarding the appropriate CD4 cell count to initiate HAART
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3341)
Gray RH, Brahmbhatt HP; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
OBJECTIVE: To estimate child mortality associated with reasons for non-initiation of breastfeeding and weaning due to preceding morbidity, compared with voluntary weaning due to maternal choice. METHODS: Demographic and Health Surveys were analyzed from fourteen developing countries. Women reported whether they initiat
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3342)
Lampe FC, Sabin CA, Johnson MA, Youle M, Phillips AN; Royal Free and UCL Medical School, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Rates of virological suppression have increased among HAART treated patient populations, but this may be due to the use of more efficacious drug regimens. We aimed to assess whether there have been changes over time in virological response to identical first HAART regimens. METHODS: The analysis included 34
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3343)
Brito AM, Souza WV, Gouveia GC, Cruz OG, Figueiroa F, Sena D, Santos RP; Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas - Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
BACKGROUND: The city of Recife, with 1,421,993 inhabitants registered its first cases of AIDS in the mid-80s and has one of the highest rates of reported cases of the disease in the Northeastern Region of Brazil . This study analyses the spatial-temporal evolution of the epidemic, through the use of maps of average reg
BACKGROUND: Pattern of admissions (adm.) has changed because of introduction of HAART. METHODS: Prospective study of adm between 1989 to 2000. We studied: risk behaviour, knowledge of HIV infection, previous follow up, diagnosis, CD4, hospitalization time and death. We considered two periods: PreHAART 89 to 10 /96 and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3345)
Lemcke A, Johansen JD, Smith E; Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
Aim of the study: To estimate the annual HIV infection detection rates among different subpopulations in Denmark and look for trends. Material and methods: National HIV case surveillance data on persons > 12 years of age from 1.8.1990-30.9.2000 were analyzed. National data on the Danish population were used to estimate
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3346)
Liu KL, Peters V, Weedon J, Brooks A, Mapson C, Thomas P; New York City Department of Health, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: We sought to ascertain gender differences in mortality and morbidity among perinatally HIV-infected children enrolled in CDC s Pediatric Spectrum of HIV Disease Project at 10 NYC sites. METHODS: We analyzed data on children born 1990-98 and evaluated for HIV within three months of birth. Children were follo
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3347)
Remple VP, Hilton BA, Maan E, Burdge DR; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: The objectives were to assess the content validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of an HIV-specific, health-related quality of life measure, the MQOL-HIV, in a cohort of HIV-infected, Canadian women. METHODS: HIV-infected female patients from the Women & Family
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3348)
Liu W, Zhu QY, Liu FY, Chen J, Guo NZ, Huang DC, Yu XF, Beyrer C; Guangxi Center for Disease Control, Nanning, China
BACKGROUND: Injection drug use is the most important risk for HIV in Guangxi, China , accounting for 90% of known infections. The number of drug users (DU) is increasing, as are the proportion injecting and sharing equipment. Many Guangxi DU are female. We analyzed HIV rates and risks among 362 female DU in 38 counties
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3349)
El-Bassel N, Gilbert L, Wu E, Go H, Hill J, Richman BL, Schilling RF; Columbia University School of Social Work Social Intervention Group, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: The study, funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, examines the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual HIV-risk behavior among women in methadone programs (MPs). METHODS: A total of 416 randomly selected female patients recruited from MPs participated in face-to-face intervi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3350)
Moshia KM; Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
BACKGROUND: South Africa is one of the countries which is experiencing high rates of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Pregnant women have a high rate of sexually transmitted infections including HIV. The aim of the study is to assess the extent of the knowledge and use of contraception among women of vari
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3351)
McCoy CB, Metsch LR, Messiah SE, Lai S, McCoy HV; University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, United States
BACKGROUND. Despite the major role that women drug users play in the worldwide AIDS epidemic, a limited number of studies exist that examine the contributions of gender and specific type of drug use in HIV seroprevalence. METHODS. A sample of 3,555 out-of-treatment male and female drug users and neighborhood controls r
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3352)
Hoang Tu Anh A; Consultation of Investment in Health Promotion Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
I. BACKGROUND: About 40,000 rural people went to Hanoi seasonally for work annually. 80% were people under 30. Young mobile workers were in risk of getting HIV/AIDS and other STDs. Male and female youth, influenced by traditional regulations and characters were different in risk. This research focused in describing det
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3353)
Srirak N, Kawichai S, Razak MH, Short O, Timpan U, Suriyanon V, Jittiwuttikarn J, Celentano DD; Research Institute for Health Sciences,Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Drug users are a major target for HIV prevention. Understanding their risk behaviors is crucial for developing effective prevention interventions. This study investigates HIV risk behaviors over one year follow-up in a cohort of female DU in northern Thailand . METHODS: Female DU who sought drug detoxificat
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3354)
Levine AM, Ervin CM, Gange SJ, Anastos K, Young M, Cohen M, Newman M, Augenbraun M, Watts H; USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States
BACKGROUND: Neutropenia has been associated with clinical AIDS, and lower CD4 cell counts in studies comprised primarily of men. Neutropenia results in an increased risk of bacterial infection, which may be caused by HIV itself, by complicating co-infections, or by commonly used medicatons. In an attempt to determine t
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3355)
Weber AE, Tyndall MW, Coulter S, Chan K, Li K, Schechter MT; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: Women, particularly those in marginalised situations are increasingly vulnerable to poor health and infectious disease. Low socio-economic status has been linked with poor health status, this is particularly true among women. OBJECTIVE: To characterise reproductive health among women at high risk of HIV inf
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3356)
Elifson KW, Sterk CE, Theall KP; Georgia State University, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based risk reduction intervention targeting African American women who are active crack users. METHODS: Data were collected from June 1998 to January 2001 in Atlanta, Georgia among 265 HIV negative, heterosexually active African American female c
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3357)
Sud A, Dutta U, Wanchu A, Bambery P, Singh S; Postgraduate Institue of Medical Educatin and Research, Chandigarh, India
BACKGROUND: Transmission of HIV in India is primarily through heterosexual contact. Women are often innocent victims of their spouse s infidelities. With lack of access to therapy, women in the childbearing age group form a major reservoir of infection. METHODS: All HIV infected persons presenting to a special medical
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3358)
Vignoles M, Benetucci J, Sheppard HW, Estani SS, Garone D, Galache V, Weissenbacher M; National Reference Centre for AIDS, Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: In Argentina , 18.5% of the 19,193 AIDS cases reported through December 2001 were women.62% of these women were heterosexuals while 31% were injection drug users. The Serologic Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS) strategy combines the use of a sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with a modified,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3359)
Hankins C, Blanchette C, Alary M, Parent R, Claessens C; Direction sante publique Mtl-Centre, Dpt Epidemiology &Biostatistics, McGill University, Institut national de sante publique, Montreal, Canada
BACKGROUND: Injection drug using (IDU) women who have sex with women (WSW) may have different HIV risk profiles than heterosexual women (HW). METHODS: Women IDU injecting drugs during the previous 6 months participating in the SurvUDI study in Quebec, Canada , provided saliva samples, answered a questionnaire and were
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3360)
Coutlee F, Hankins C, Walmsley S, Money D, Pourreaux K, Forest P, Shu JO; Centre hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
BACKGROUND: HPV infection leads to cervical dysplasia and cancerous cervical lesions in HIV-infected women. As standard HPV screening requires a gynaecological examination, non-invasive sampling methods could facilitate screening for genital HPV infection and enable sampling from women in isolated geographic areas.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3361)
Barrio G, Leflavie G, Domingo L, Silva TC, az E, Horrillo M, Fabregat A; Centro Universitario de Salud Publica, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: It is said that women heroin users are exposed to a greater risk of HIV infection through sexual transmission than men. In this study we investigate gender differences in main sexual risk behaviours in a group of young Spanish heroin users. METHODS: We studied 346 young (aged 30 years or under) current hero
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3362)
Mshana M;;; National Aids Control Programme, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
ISSUES: First AIDS cases in Tanzania were identified in 1983.The epidemic was confirmed in 1985. High infection rates are observed in males and females aged15-49 years. Higher age specific AIDS case rates are observed for females from 15-29 and males above 30 years (1987-2000). Reports denote higher age specific preval
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3363)
Veras MA, Bassichetto K, Mesquita F, Paneque NA, Carvalho SV, Zular PS, Pinto LG, Oliveira S, Bergamashi DP; STD/AIDS Coordination of Sao Paulo City Health Department, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: In Brazil , a large governmental network of counseling and testing centers constitutes an important source of data on the prevalence of HIV infection. METHODS: Individuals testing positive for HIV infection at five counseling and testing centers of the Sao Paulo City Health Department from November 2000 to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3364)
Dhalia C, Santana RS, Barbosa Jr. A, Cardoso AJ, Barreira D;;; Ministry of Health - Brazil, Brasilia, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Monitoring of the HIV and Aids epidemic in Brazil shows that women are not benefiting as much as they should from the various technologies available for the disease s prevention and control. The study aimed understanding how women have been affected by the epidemic in order to evaluate and trace preventive
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3365)
Acosta-Perez E, Serrano-Garcia I; University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico
BACKGROUND: In Puerto Rico , there is great concern about the incidence of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Last year 26,766 AIDS cases and approximately 4,800 cases of chlamydia, syphilis, gonorrhea, genital warts, and genital herpes were reported (PASET, 2000; 2001). Most people infected by these co
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3366)
Mannathoko CE;;; UNICEF ESARO, Nairobi, Kenya
ISSUE: The paper presents the findings of a regional study that investigated ways girls, boys and male and female youth constructed their gendered identities within the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. DESCRIPTION: The regional study was conducted in Botswana , Kenya ,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3367)
Patel KM, Warren D, Weedon J, Vincent M, Hyman C, Macchia RJ; SUNY Downstate Medical School, Dept. of Urology, Brooklyn, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: As combination antiretroviral therapy increases the life expectancy of HIV positive males, their risk of developing prostate cancer presumably also increases. In fact, 14% (n=10,097)of HIV positive black men are above the age of 40, and may benefit from prostate cancer screening, including digital rectal ex
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3368)
Folch C, Casabona J, Esteve A; Centre d'Estudis Epidemiologics sobre la Sida de Catalunya (CEESCAT), Badalona, Spain
BACKGROUND: The HAART introduction in 1996 has dramatically decreased AIDS cases in Western Europe (WE), but the absolute number of heterosexual acquired AIDS cases (HAAC) is still increasing. This abstract describes the evolution of HAAC in WE and its relationship with the injecting drugs users (IDUs) epidemic. METHOD
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3369)
Kaufmann RN, Basombrio AM, Procupet AS; M.D.Public Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS in aged people has low prevalence and includes long term survivors as well as those recently infected. It is important to be acquainted with the epidemiological profile of this group, the modes of transmission, the socioeconomic level and their mortality rate to develop institutional programs as we
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3370)
Sanches K, Selig L, Bravim Y; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVES: 1- to evaluate epidemiological features of AIDS among women aged 60 years old or more in Rio de Janeiro state; 2- to describe trends on AIDS profile in this group. METHODS: All cases among adult women reported by 92 municipalities to the AIDS department of Rio de Janeiro state were analysed through the AIDS
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3371)
Sanvisens A, Egea JM, Fuster D, Tor J, Navio M, Rey-Joly C, Muga R; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
BACKGROUND: the majority (2/3) of AIDS cases in Spain are related to injecting drug use since the beginning of the epidemic . OBJECTIVE: to assess trends in the HIV prevalence among injecting drug users(IDUs) starting hospital detoxification in metropolitan Barcelona. Patients and methods: cross-sectional study on IDUs
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3372)
Shandera WX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
BACKGROUND: With reports of high rates of HIV-infection among drug-using populations in Eastern Europe, we assessed the trends of infection among at-risk populations for 12 nations of Eastern Europe. METHOD: The US Bureau of the Census databases were analyzed by regression techniques, assessing only data of good to exc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3373)
Lai S, Meng Q, Lima J, Lai H, Vlahov D, Celentano D, Strathdee S, Nelson K, Wu K, Tong W; Johns Hopkins Cardiology, Baltimore,, United States
BACKGROUND: Protease inhibitors (PIs) may be associated with cardiac and vascular complications among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We assessed the effects of HIV PIs on subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS: The lipid profiles, C-reactive proteins, coronary artery calcium scores and blood ce
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3374)
Sokolova EN, Ladnaia NN, Pokrovskiy VV; Russian Federal AIDS Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
BACKGROUND: Prevalence of HIV-infection in different regions of Russia varies from 0,0 to 431,8 per 100 000. Our objective was to compare prevalence of HIV-infection in economically different regions of Russia. METHODS: The statistical analysis of the information reported to the Russian Federal AIDS Center from each of
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3375)
Ladnaia NN, Pokrovskiy VV, Sokolova EV, Buravtsova EV; Federal Russian AIDS Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation
OBJECTIVES: To study the spread of HIV-infection in Russia . METHODS: Reports on all HIV-antibodies tests in Russia and reports on every HIV-infected patient registered in Russia were analysed. RESULTS: After 1987 when the first HIV case was found in Russia, 174,382 HIV-infected Russian citizens were officially registe
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3376)
Hacker M, Telles PR, Lopes S, Sampaio C, Bongertz V, Morgado M, Bastos FI; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: As part of a WHO multicenter study, 673 drug users were interviewed and tested for HIV. A substantial decline in HIV-prevalence was observed vis-a-vis previous findings for this population in RJ (~25%). Analyses of old vs. new injectors and incident cases ( detuned assays ; available for the Conference) wer
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3377)
Sharpe TT, Lee LM, McKenna MT; Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, United States
BACKGROUND: Over the 20-year history of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, injection drug use (IDU) has been a risk factor for contracting the disease. IDU- related HIV cases include injection drug users and their sex partners. METHODS: We analyzed IDU-related HIV (not AIDS) diagnoses by year from 1994 to 2000 using national HIV s
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3378)
Sethi AK, Celentano DD, Shah NG, Vlahov D, Farzadegan H; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV-infected injection drug users (IDU) who engage in risky behavior like needle sharing or unprotected sex are likely to spread HIV. IDU with high viral load despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) have the potential of spreading drug-resistant HIV. METHODS: This study was done in the AIDS Links to Intravenou
BACKGROUND: Since 1997 spread of HIV has dramatically increased in Russia , particularly in St. Petersburg and mainly in drug users. In the first half of 2000 5,3% of drug users tested in St. Petersburg were HIV-positive. In the same period year later the figure had risen to 15,8%.The need for prevention is urgent. MET
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3381)
Perngmark P, Celentano DD, Kawichai S; Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: To determine HIV sero-prevalence and correlates of needle sharing among injecting drug users (IDUs) in southern Thailand . METHODS: Using a cross-sectional HIV sero-prevalence and behavioral survey, 272 active IDUs were interviewed about background, life-style, and drug use patterns at six drug treatment cl
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3382)
Kitamura K, Naganawa S, Kimura H, Tochikubo O, Kawata K, Ito A, Sato S, Takahashi K, Nossik D, Hara T, Honda M, Nakasone T; Dept. of Public Health, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that subtypes A through H of HIV-1 are prevalent in the former Soviet Union. In this report, we analyzed the genetic prevalence of HIV-1 in injecting drug users (IDUs) in the Ukraine . METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 8 IDUs infected with HIV-1 in two cities in the Ukraine: Ki
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3383)
Upmace I, Bulmistre I, Dievberna I, Ferdats A, Selakova L; AIDS Prevention Center, Riga, Latvia
Backgroungd. Starting rapid growth of drug s spread in the middle of nineteens in the whole Eastern Europe in 1998 HIV epidemic among injecting drug users (IDU) begun in Latvia also. Since 1999 in three towns was started an harm reduction program (syringe exchange) based on outreach work to reach more IDU and to improv
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3384)
van Asten LC, Aguado IH, McMenamin J, Zangerle R, Boufassa F, Schiffer V, Brettle RP, Robertson JR, Fontanet A, Coutinho RA, Prins M; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
BACKGROUND: HIV infection enhances the development of tuberculosis (TB), but it is unknown how the risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) varies with the duration of HIV infection. The aim of this study was to estimate TB incidence rates and to determine risk factors of TB among HIV+ injecting drug users (IDU) across Eur
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3385)
Chen J, Liu W, Zhu QY, Yu XF, Beyrer C; Guangxi centers for diseases control and prevention, 80 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, China
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the status and trends of the HIV epidemic along overland heroin trafficking routes and among groups at IDU and sexual risk in Guangxi province, and in south China . METHODS: We assessed provincial epidemiological surveys and sentinel surveillance data from 1996 to 2001. Descriptive and correlative
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3386)
Alary M, Parent R, Hankins C, Claessens C; Centre hospitalier affilie universitaire de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
BACKGROUND: The SurvUDI study monitors HIV prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors among IDU in the province of Quebec and the city of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada . METHODS: From 1995 to August 31st 2001, IDU who had injected drugs during the previous 6 months gave informed consent to provide a saliva sample, ans
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3387)
Nguyen TH, Vu VT, Nguyen VT, Ton TB, Kamakura M, van Ameijden EJ, Wolffers I; Hanoi MedicalUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
BACKGROUND: To describe the risk factors for HIV seropositivity among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Quang ninh province, Vietnam . METHODS: A cross-sectional survey among IDUs in urban areas of Quang ninh province (Ha long City and Cam pha town) was carried out in April, 2000. The 602 IDUs were selected by the snow-b
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3388)
Reyes JC, Robles RR, Colon HM, Marrero CA, Matos TD; Center for Addiction Studies, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, United States Territory
BACKGROUND: HIV seroprevalence among individuals with mental disorders has substantially increased in recent years. Moreover, drug abusers with psychiatric comorbidity are at higher risk of HIV infection. Although the prevalence of HIV risk behaviors has been well documented among injection drug users (IDUs), few studi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3389)
Kral AH, Lorvick J, Gee L, Edlin BR; UCSF, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: New injectors are an important focus for HIV prevention because their HIV incidence is often high. Data from San Francisco suggest that HIV incidence among IDUs is highest among those with sexual risks. METHODS: We examine unsafe vaginal and anal sex (
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3390)
Guerrero RA, Humet V, Laliga A, Cayla JA, Lonca M, Estallo D, Garcia de Olalla P, Puertolas A, Marco A; Servei de sanitat (DGSPiR), Barcelona, Spain
OBJECTIVE: To asses the magnitude of HIV infection diagnostic delay in patients with prison history, its trend over recent years, and the epidemiological characteristics of individual diagnosed at late stage in the course of their HIV-infection. Patients and methods: AIDS cases diagnosed between 1984 and 2000 in prison
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3391)
Bastos FI, Perez C, Telles PR, Rodes A, Hacker M, Casabona J; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Drug-using/sexual habits are entangled with characteristics of drug scenes. Cross-cultural studies may offer insights METHODS: Analysis of similar questions asked by Barcelona (BCN) and Rio (RJ) surveys. Data for RJ refer to WHO-II study (2000-1) and for BCN to 4 surveys (1993-2000). We compared data from 2
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3392)
Tun W, Celentano DD, Vlahov D, Strathdee SA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
OBJECTIVE: To determine if attitudes towards new HIV treatments are associated with unprotected sex and needle sharing among HIV+ and HIV- injection drug users (IDUs) in Baltimore, USA. METHODS: IDUs participating in a cohort study who had a semi-annual follow-up visit between 12/00 and 08/01 completed an interviewer-a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3393)
Tun W, Gange SJ, Vlahov D, Strathdee SA, Celentano DD; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with high-risk sexual and drug injection behaviors among HIV-infected injection drug users (IDUs) after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). METHODS: We studied a prospective cohort of IDUs in Baltimore, Maryland, USA recruited in 1988 and 1994. At semi-ann
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3394)
McKnight CA, Fuller C, Jarlais DC, Coffin P, Deren S, Vlahov D; Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: As part of an ongoing attempt to curb HIV transmission, the New York State (NYS) Legislature changed public health law to allow for the Expanded Syringe Access Program (ESAP). As of 1/01 licensed pharmacies, health care facilities and health care practitioners in NYS became legally permitted to furnish ster
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3395)
Jarlais DC, Perlis T, Friedman SR, Maslow C, Milliken J, McKnight C; Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, United States
OBJECTIVE: Understanding the effects of different levels of syringe exchange coverage is critical to planning effective HIV prevention for IDUs, particularly in areas with limited resources for HIV prevention such as Eastern Europe and Asia. There are, however, very few studies showing the effects of different levels o
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3396)
Beyrer C, Juttiwutikarn J, Teokul W, Razak MH, Suriyanon V, Sripaipan T, Celentano DD; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Incarceration is a known risk for HIV infection in Thai drug users. Through the |1990s, incarceration rates for drug related offences rose sharply, while HIV prevention and drug treatment in prisons remained limited METHODS: We used Thai Bureau of Corrections data to assess incarceration and prevention fund
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3397)
Golub ET, Bareta JC, Vlahov D, Huettner S, Strathdee SA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Injection drug users (IDUs) in Baltimore, USA have several options available for safe disposal of used syringes, such as syringe exchange programs (SEPs) and a red mail box program in the community. However, the extent to which these programs succeed in syringe recovery is not known. We assessed correlates
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3398)
Gyarmathy VA, Neaigus A, Miller M; National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York City, United States
BACKGROUND: Although in some mature HIV epidemics injecting risk among new injecting drug users (IDUs) has declined, new IDUs, especially women, may still be at increased sexual risk of HIV infection. METHODS: Between 2/1999-12/2001, 211 new IDUs were street recruited in New York City and interviewed about their sex ri
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3399)
Dias PR, Hacker M, Lopes S, Morgado MG, Bastos FI; NEPAD - University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Current survey point out to an HIV prevalence of 9.3%, substantially lower than former studies along the 90 s (~25%), emphasizing the importance to analyze potential protective factors to HIV infection METHODS: 620 IDUs/ex-IDUs were interviewed using the methodology and questionnaire of the WHO-II Multicity
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3400)
Deren S, Kang SY, Andia J, Colon H, Robles R; NDRI, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Puerto Rican drug users are at high risk for HIV. The mobility patterns that constitute the air-bridge between Puerto Rico and New York and their relationship to HIV risk behaviors will be examined. METHODS: Puerto Rican injection drug users (IDUs) and crack smokers (CSs) were street-recruited from East Har
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3401)
Miller CL, Spittal PM, Laliberte N, Li K, O'Shaughnessy MV, Schechter MT; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: Young injection drug users (IDUs) are of particular importance with respect to blood-bone infections because of the window of opportunity to act preventatively. We undertook this study to investigate risk for HIV and Hepatitis C (HCV) infection among a cohort of youth (age 13 - 24) in a city where persisten
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3402)
Ghauri AK, Rehman N, Shah SA, Memon MA; Freelance Public Health Scientist for AIDS/STIs, Karachi, Pakistan
BACKGROUND: Aa major shift in the type of the drug used and the modes of the drug use has occurred in the last few years from inhaling to injecting various licit and illicit drugs because of the several factors. Previous studies conducted in other parts of the country have shown a high prevalence of Sharing of needles
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3403)
Garfein RS, Valverde R, Swartzendruber A, Jarlais DC, Kerndt P, Morse E, Ouellet L, Strathdee SA, Vlahov D, Williams IT, Monterroso ER; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
BACKGROUND: To determine if differences exist in correlates of HIV, HBV and HCV infections among 18-30 year old IDUs. METHODS: IDUs were recruited in Baltimore, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York City, and New Orleans (N=2,198). Participants underwent HIV, HBV and HCV antibody testing and interviewer-administered surveys a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3404)
Brogly SB, Bruneau J, Palepu A, Franco E; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
BACKGROUND: Public health programming for injection drug users (IDU) has focused on reducing the risk behaviours associated with drug use, and as such, has had a minimal impact on HIV transmission. It is essential to develop programs that address the important life areas of IDU, improve their quality of life (QOL), and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3405)
Quiros-Roldan E QE, Moretti F MF, Casari S CS, Pan A PA, Airoldi M AM, El-Hamad I EI, Pezzoli C PC, Carosi G CG; Institute of infectious and tropical diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Background HTLV and HIV possess identical modes transmission, therefore, coinfection may be detected in populations that are highly exposed to common risk factors. Methods We have tested 599 serum samples of HIV positive patients during the last semester of 2000 to asses the prevalence of HTLV coinfection in both Itali
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3406)
Bareta JC, Golub ET, Vlahov D, Huettner S, Strathdee SA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Sterile syringes are legally available through syringe exchange programs (SEPs) and pharmacies in Baltimore, MD, USA, but sterile syringe coverage may still be sub-optimal. We characterized sources of safe and unsafe syringe acquisition among IDUs and its relationship to HIV status. METHODS: IDUs enrolled i
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3407)
Gyarmathy VA, Neaigus A, Feher B, Ujhelyi E, Racz J; National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York City, United States
BACKGROUND: Although in some countries in Central and Eastern Europe, such as Hungary , HIV infection is currently low among injecting drug users (IDUs), knowledge about the determinants of injecting risk, especially among young IDUs, is needed to prevent an expanding HIV epidemic. METHODS: Between 1999 and 2000, 67 tr
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3408)
Portilla J, Arroyo E, Climent E, de la Torre R, Ortuno J, Granero L, Polache A, Boix V, Merino E; Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
Objetive. To study pharmacokinetic of M in DU taking M who start HAART with NVP once daily. METHODS. A multiple-dose study using a cross-over design was conducted in 10 DU HIV positive on a methadone maintenance programme. ddI qd, d4T bid and NVP 200 m
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3409)
Sofronova R, Hader SL, Laricheva N, Gusseynova N, Garfein R, Paxton L, Molotilov V; AIDS and Infectious Diseases Prevention Center, Orel Oblast, Russian Federation
BACKGROUND: More than 150,000 HIV cases have been reported in Russia , with epidemic increases noted in urban areas such as Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Kaliningrad. We examine recent HIV trends in Orel Oblast, a largely rural oblast of 897,000 people, and assess prevalence of risk behaviors among IDUs to suggest potent
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3410)
Kivela P, Krol A, Salminen MO, Zetterberg V, Liitsola K, Suni J, Miedema F, Goudsmit J, Coutinho R, Ristola M; Division of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
BACKGROUND: An outbreak of HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) was detected in Finland in 1998. Until October 2001 204 HIV-infected IDUs were identified, all infected with a genetically almost identical recombinant subtype AE (CRF01-AE). CD4+ counts, HIV-RNA loads and clinical progression were compared with IDUs from
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3411)
Bravo MJ, ez N, Barrio G, Hermira M, Ambros M, Domingo A, az E; Centro Universitario de Salud Publica, Madrid, Spain
BACKGROUND: The high HIV prevalence among Spanish heroin injectors (IDUs) calls for a more drastic reduction in risk behaviours than in other countries, in order to control the epidemic. METHODS: We studied 240 young (aged 30 years or under) and current heroin users,recruited in street settings of Madrid, Barcelona and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3412)
Galli M, Adorni F, Santambrogio S, Lovicu GF, Musicco M; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
BACKGROUND: I.V. drug use was associated with a mortality excess due to overdose, alcoholism, trauma and infections even in pre-AIDS era. Aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of AIDS epidemic on IVDUs mortality and on other causes of death. METHODS: In 1980-1989, 3792 IVDUs attending public methadone clinics ha
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3413)
Gonidakis F;;; Medecins du Monde - Greece, Athens, Greece
ISSUES: Over the last few years, Greece has experienced one of the highest levels of new cases of HIV in Europe. This is attributed to the apparent increase in Intravenous substance abuse and poor acceptance condom use. DESCRIPTION: All patients with HIV are accepted for treatment by the national health system but ther
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3414)
Mudaliar S;;; Institution, Chennai, India
OBJECTIVE: To study the correlates of HIV seropositive injecting drug users. METHODS: Three hundred and fifty male long term injecting opiate users who satisfy the diagnostic criteria for ICD-10 Opiate dependence syndrome (F 11.24) were recruited for this study. Behavioural data were collected from them using a structu
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3415)
Rossi D, Vila M, Radulich G, Vivas E, Peralta LM, Estani SS, Weissenbacher M, Rey J; Intercambios Association, Buenos Aires, Argentina
BACKGROUND: In Argentina , injecting drug use (IDU) represents a very significant route of HIV transmission among notified Aids cases (39%). There is very little knowledge of seroprevalence and coinfection of HIV, Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and HTLVs I and II in IDUs. There are few harm reductions activities
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3416)
Mudaliar S;;; Institution, Chennai, India
. This study supported by UNDCP and Global Youth Network is designed to develop peer based outreach intervention for young injection drug users in a large metropolitan city in India . OBJECTIVES: To train peer leaders of young injection drug users to influence their drug and sex risk networks in order to reduce HIV rel
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3418)
Navaline HA, Metzger DS, Fiore D, Davis-Vogel A, Fields G, Foster S, Myers J, Oglesby P, Scotti R; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
BACKGROUND: Syringe exchange programs (SEPs) are widely recognized as effective in preventing HIV infection among injection drug users (IDUs). Yet, not all injectors choose to use SEPs, even when they have access to them. METHODS: As part of a National Institute of Drug Abuse funded evaluation of the Prevention Point P
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3419)
Mark HD, Davis-Vogel A, Navaline H, Scotti R, Wickrema R, Metzger D; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
BACKGROUND: The HIV epidemic among injection drug users (IDUs) in the United States was first recognized in the early 1980 s. Since then, many IDUs have been able to significantly reduce their risk of infection with HIV and other blood borne pathogens. Despite this progress many IDUs remain at risk for HIV infection. I
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3420)
Deulina MO;;; Russian Federal Aids Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
BACKGROUND: CNS disfunction among drug-users (not HIV-positive) are quite considerable and can be compared to those appearing in the course of certain mental diseases. This fact makes the differential diagnostics of the CNS dysfunction a much more difficult task among this category of HIV-positive individuals. METHODS:
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3421)
Boschini A, Angeletti C, Smacchia C, Begnini M, Fabbri P, Piselli P, Serraino D, Rezza G; Comunita' di San Patrignano, Rimini, Italy
BACKGROUND: The risk of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) among IDUs has not been precisely assessed, and it remains to be established i) potential changes in CAP risk after the introduction of HAART and ii) the role of vaccination campaigns targeted to HIV-infected patients. This study was aimed at assessing CAP risk
BACKGROUND: Candida in HIV positive patients usually occurs on mucous membranes & infection has been reported to result in endocarditis, myocarditis and meningoencephalitis. A Medline literature search revealed no cases of invasive Candida pneumonia in HIV positive patients. Methods/RESULTS: A 36yo IDU with advance
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3423)
Andrade T, Dourado I, Farias A, Galvao-Castro B; Cetad/Medical School/UFBA, Salvador, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Investigations on human retrovirus among IDUs have been carried out in Salvador as part of the WHO multicentric research in many cities in the world. The first of these Projeto Brasil, was developed before the implementation and during the first moments of the needle exchange program (NEP) in Bahia and invo
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3424)
Dodds JP, Mercey DE, Parry JV, Johnson AM; Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom
OBJECTIVE: Estimate changes in sexual behaviour and HIV prevalence in a community sample of gay men. Assess accuracy of self-reported HIV status and proportion undiagnosed. METHODS: Systematic samples of gay men were approached in bars, clubs and Genitourinary clinics across London annually since 1996 (with approximate
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3425)
Yoshikawa H, Wilson PA, Chae DH; New York University, New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND. Asian / Pacific Islander (A/PI) men who have sex with men (MSM) in U.S. cities report high rates of unprotected anal intercourse, and show seroprevalence rates slightly higher than White gay men, though lower than Black or Latino gay men (Valleroy et al., 2001). Little is known about predictors of HIV risk
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3426)
Wilson PA, Yoshikawa H, Peterson JL; New York University, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: As we enter the third decade of the AIDS epidemic, HIV/AIDS is the leading cause of death for Black U.S. citizens between the ages of 25-44. Black MSM have the highest incidence of AIDS in the U.S. Research is needed on the individual and contextual factors that place these men at risk. This study asks: 1)
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3427)
MacKellar DA, Valleroy LA, Secura GM, Behel SK; CDC, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: In the U.S., one-third of HIV-infected persons are thought to be unaware of their infection and to contribute disproportionately to ongoing HIV transmission. Because this estimate may not apply to all groups, we investigated the prevalence of unrecognized infection and plausible HIV transmission behavior am
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3428)
Kelly JA, Amirkhanian YA, Csepe P, Kabakchieva E, McAuliffe TL; Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of WIsconsin, Milwaukee, United States
BACKGROUND: Visible gay communities have appeared only in the last 10 years across Central and Eastern Europe. The emergence of Eastern European gay communities coincides with the growing threat of HIV in the region. Most of these communities are very new, their members are young, and they have little support or experi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3429)
Valleroy LA, MacKellar DA, Secura GM, Behel SK; CDC, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: We investigated factors contributing to higher HIV rates among African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) compared with non-AAMSM. METHODS: The 1998-2000 Young Men s Survey was a venue-based sample survey of 23- to 29-year-old MSM sampled at venues in Baltimore, Dallas, Los Angeles, Miami, New York
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3430)
Gibson S, Klausner J, Chen S, Kim A, Dilley J, Scheer S, Kellogg T, McFarland W; The Stop AIDS Project, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: To track the leading edge of the epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM), we monitored trends in sexual risk behavior, sexually transmitted diseases (STD), and HIV incidence - collectively called HIV prevention indicators. METHODS: HIV prevention indicators were examined from 1997 to 2001 and interpr
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3431)
Lacerda R, Chen S, Gravato N, Golega A, Stall R, Hearst N; Associacao Santista de Pesquisa, Prevencao e Educacao em DST/AIDS, Santos, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Few studies have assessed AIDS risk behavior among MSM in developing countries, especially outside the largest cities. We assessed risk behavior among MSM in Santos, a medium-sized port city in Brazil . METHODS: Projeto Construindo o Arco Iris conducted standardized face-to-face interviews of MSM between Ja
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3432)
Chu PW, Gibson S, Henne J, McFarland WC, Schwarcz S; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Incidence of STD and HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) have been on the rise in San Francisco in recent years. Prescribed and recreational use of Viagra may be a factor contributing to high risk sexual behavior. We examined Viagra use among HIV-negative and HIV-positive MSM, the potential contributi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3433)
Chu PW, McFarland WC, Hsu L, Schwarcz S; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: A recent survey of STD clinic patients found Viagra use among men who have sex with men (MSM) at 32% and significantly higher among HIV-positive MSM. Similarly, a community-based survey of MSM found Viagra use to be 33%. Because Viagra may be prescribed for erectile dysfunction resulting from AIDS medicatio
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3434)
Choi K, McFarland W, Neilands TB, Nguyen S, Secura G, Behel S, MacKellar D, Valleroy L; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: In the 1990s, several studies conducted in San Francisco (USA) found high HIV prevalence among young men who have sex with men (MSM) ranging from 6.2% to 17.9%. Yet there is still a paucity of data on Asian & Pacific Islander (API) MSM. HIV prevalence and risk behaviors were assessed among young API MSM
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3435)
Alary M, Remis RS, Otis J, sse BR, Turmel B, LeClerc R, Lavoie R, Vincelette J, Parent R; Centre hospitalier affilie universitaire de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
BACKGROUND: To estimate HIV incidence and to assess associated risk factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) participating in the Omega Cohort Study (Montreal, Qc). METHODS: Since October 1996, MSM are recruited from clinical and community-based venues and are followed every 6 months. At each visit, we administer
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3436)
Nguyen S, Kim A, McFarland W, Yang L, Ngo H, Choi K; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Barriers to effective HIV prevention exist among Asian and Pacific Islander (API) men who have sex with men (MSM) in the US, including high stigma towards homosexuality within traditional Asian communities in the US and Asia. API who engage in unsafe sex with other men may not identify as gay and may also e
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3437)
Lau TF;;; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
BACKGROUND: In Hong Kong , about one fifth of the HIV infections were caused by sexual transmission between men. Only a very limited number of studies on men who have sex with men (MSM) had been conducted in the territory so far. There is a pressing need to implement behavioral surveillance survey on the population.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3438)
Bleys RC, Vincke J;;; sensoa, Antwerp, Belgium
BACKGROUND: To gather evidence on the (un-)safe sexual behaviour of Flemish MSM today: a quantitative survey of their current relationship status, levels of protected (condom use) and unprotected AI with regular and/or casual partners, either safe (seroselection, negotiated safety) or unsafe (barebacking). Further info
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3439)
Torian LV, Koblin BA, Guilin V, Ren L, Makki HA; New York City Department of Health, New York, United States
OBJECTIVE: To estimate prevalence and behavioral risk in young MSM attending public venues. METHOD: NYC component of cross-sectional anonymous survey of MSM aged 15-29 attending settings such as bars, clubs, street locations, businesses and special events, with randomized recruitment at computer-selected place/day/time
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3440)
Scheer S, McFarland W, Nguyen S, Ngo H, Choi K; San Francisco Dept of Public Health, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: We assessed the degree to which Asian and Pacific Islander men who have sex with men (API-MSM) in San Francisco (USA) disclose to others that they have sex with men or are sexually attracted to men (i.e., being out ) and characterized associations of outness with acculturation to American mainstream society
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3441)
Ruiz JD, Facer M, Ritieni A, Sheppard H, Lopez Y, Hart S, Nunez A, Ginsberg M; California Dept. of Health Services, Office of AIDS, Sacramento, United States
BACKGROUND: The objectives were to assess the impact of HIV on young Latino MSM on each side of the U.S.- Mexico border at San Diego and Tijuana and to estimate and compare their lifetime and recent risk behaviors. METHODS: From May 2000 to December 2001, 374 young Latino MSM aged 18 to 29 years were recruited from cru
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3442)
Burchell AN, Calzavara LM, Remis RS, Major C, Corey P, Myers T, Millson P, Wallace E; HIV Social, Behavioural, and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: To determine whether sexual behaviour with casual partners becomes safer among documented recent seroconverters (SCs) following HIV-positive diagnosis, relative to HIV-negative controls. METHODS: Participants are enrolled in an ongoing cohort (Polaris). At enrollment, we examined behaviour during the time p
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3443)
Stall R, Mills T, Williamson J, Greenwood G, Paul J, Pollack L, Binson D, Osmond D, Catania J; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta GA, United States
BACKGROUND: Urban MSM in the US are experiencing epidemic levels of multiple psychosocial health problems. We tested whether their co-occurrence increased vulnerability to HIV. METHODS: Using random digit dial telephone methods, a household-based sample of MSM from four US cities was generated (N=2881). High prevalence
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3444)
Major C, Burchell A, Calzavara L, Remis RS, Corey P, Myers T, Millson P, Wallace E; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care, Toronto, Canada
BACKGROUND: Increased HIV incidence density was observed among MSM undergoing repeat testing in Ontario, Canada between 1996 and 1999. This updated analysis sought to determine if the increasing trend continued in 2000. METHODS: MSM using voluntary, diagnostic HIV testing at least twice were identified by computerized
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3445)
Colfax G, Wheeler S, Mansergh G, Guzman R, Marks G, Rader M, Buchbinder S; HIV Research Branch, SF Dept. of Public Health, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Low VL levels decrease HIV transmission among heterosexuals, potentially leading some individuals to make risk behavior decisions based on VL levels, although there are no data on VL and transmission risk in populations on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We measured the extent to which beliefs about VL levels
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3446)
Ekstrand ML, Crosby GM, Paul J, Martin J, Bangsberg D, Stall RD; University of California, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: This paper examines levels and correlates of unprotected sex with a partner of unknown or discordant HIV status in a sample of HIV+ individuals in San Francisco. METHODS: These data are from the baseline assessment of the first 200 participants in a randomized, controlled adherence intervention trial. Parti
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3447)
Cao HN, Le VD, Luong TT, Truong XL; Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
BACKGROUND: Very few KAP studies have been conducted among MSM which is hidden but a high risk group in Vietnam . This study was to describe KAP and HIV prevalence among MSM who visited PIHCMC. METHODS: In the year 2000, 208 consecutive MSM who consulted at the Consultation Unit of PIHCMC were interviewed, counseled an
BACKGROUND: to compare time from HIV diagnosis to AIDS diagnosis and then to death by transmission group. METHODS: Cohort study of all patients diagnosed as having HIV infection at the 5 hospitals of Madrid South East Metropolitan Area (COMESEM), providing care to a population of 1300000 inhabitants. Transmission group
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3449)
Colby DJ; Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, United States
BACKGROUND: There are few data on MSM and risk for HIV in Vietnam , where most infections are attributed to IV drug use and female CSW. The objective of this study was to determine health risk behavior and knowledge about HIV/AIDS among MSM in Ho Chi Minh City. METHODS: Trained outreach workers from the MSM community r
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3450)
Weber AE, Piaseczna MA, Craib KJ, Chan K, Martindale S, Miller ML, Cook DA, Hogg RS, Schechter MT; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To identify demographic and behavioural characteristics associated with HIV seroconversion. METHODS: Men 15 to 35 years enrolled in a cohort study of MSM in the Greater Vancouver region completed a baseline and at least one follow-up questionnaire between May 1995 and September 2001. Men who were HIV-negativ
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3451)
Ciesielski C, Flynn J; Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL, United States
BACKGROUND: Internet chat rooms are increasingly popular venues for meeting sex partners among men who have sex with men (MSM) and have been foci of sexually transmitted disease (STD) outbreaks. We sought to measure use of the internet for sex-related activities among MSM attending the 2001 International Mr. Leather co
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3452)
Rawstorne P, Prestage G, Song A, Crawford J, Grulich A, Kippax S;;; National Centre in HIV Social Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
BACKGROUND: Some studies have found a relationship between undetectable viral load and engaging in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI), while others found no relationship. This study uses multivariate logistic regression analysis to clarify the relationship between risk, ART, and a number of other key variables. METHODS
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3453)
Beatty M, Slonim-Fine L, Fine SM; AIDS Rochester Inc., Rochester, New York, United States
BACKGROUND: In the second quarter of 2001, the Monroe County Health Department (Rochester, NY) noted a sudden upsurge in Hepatitis A (HAV) cases when they received 39 reports of individuals with HAV IgM (average 4). The second quarter cases were predominately young and middle aged males who reported having sex with oth
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3454)
Weber AE, Chan K, Schilder A, Craib KJ, Miller ML, Martindale S, Hogg RS; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To identify demographic and behavioural characteristics associated with the use of crystal methamphetamine (crystal). METHODS: As of November 2001 495 MSM had completed a follow-up questionnaire. men who reported crystal in the previous year were compared to men who did not report crystal use with respect to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3455)
Weber AE, Otis J, Chan K, Lavoie R, Martindale S, Leclerc R, Miller ML, Turmel B, Craib KJ, Alary M, Schechter MT, Hogg RS; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
OBJECTIVE: To identify determinants of with high-risk sexual behaviours among young MSM in Vancouver and Montreal. METHODS: MSM between the ages of 16-30 years who had completed a baseline questionnaire were included. High-risk sexual behaviour was defined as unprotected anal sex with casual male sex partner(s) in the
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3456)
Colfax G, Buchbinder S, Wheeler S, Buckman A, Klausner J, Page-Shafer K; HIV Research Branch, SF Dept. of Public Health, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Pharyngeal gonorrhea (PGC) may be an important reservoir for genital GC infections, and PGC may increase the risk of HIV infection through oral sex. We examined the prevalence of PGC in a cohort of high-risk MSM and determined risk factors for PGC. METHODS: Participants (pts) were recruited from the San Fra
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3457)
Remis RS, Palmer RW, Raboud J; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
BACKGROUND: HIV incidence is a critical indicator in monitoring the HIV epidemic but is usually difficult to measure. The detuned assay is potentially a powerful and economical tool for estimating incidence from a single serum specimen. However, patterns of HIV testing and other factors may introduce bias and render in
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3458)
DAngelo LA, Carvalheiro JR, Gois MA, Spink MJ; Instituto de Saude SES SP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: The Bela Vista Project (BVP) is a cohort study designed to estimate the HIV incidence and the risk factors of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods The BVP is an open cohort study of HIV-negative, sexually active, non-IVDU MSM, between the ages of 18 and 60 years old. Recruitment was
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3459)
DAngelo LA, Lagonegro ER, Grandi JL, Spink MJ, Carvalheiro JR;;; Instituto Saude SES-SP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: The Bela Vista Project (BVP) is a cohort study aiming at preparing for future vaccine trials. The objectives of the study are to estimate HIV incidence and to explore sexual behavioral factors related to HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). Sexual behavior and risk factors for HIV infection
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3460)
Setia M, Kumta S, Jerajani HR, Mathur MS, RaoKavi A, Ekstrand ML, Lindan CP; LTMM College and LTMG Hospital, Sion, Mumbai 400 022, India
BACKGROUND: MSM and TG are at high risk of HIV in India , but are often ignored in prevention plans. TG often support themselves thru sex work. We evaluated MSM and TG accessing Humsafar Trust, an NGO and one of only 2 MSM sentinel surveillance sites in India. We evaluated behavioral risk data and HIV status.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3461)
Welle DL, Clatts MC; National Development &Research Institutes, Inc., New York City, United States
BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of globalization largely focuses on underdeveloped countries. In a study of risk and resiliency among YMSM in New York City, YMSM described HIV risk within a context of globalization and its effects, suggesting the need to extend the epidemiology of globalization to high-risk populations in
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3462)
Hylton JB, Celentano DD; The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
BACKGROUND: Describe the association between a sexual identity development (SID) scale and HIV risk behavior, as measured by condom use at last sex, among a sample of young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in Baltimore, Maryland. METHODS: A cross-sectional, venue-based survey of young men ages 15-22 was conducted from
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3463)
Ompad DC, Strathdee SA, Kellam S, Latkin C, Celentano DD, Poduska J, Ialongo N; Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
OBJECTIVES: To examine associations between early initiation of vaginal intercourse and sexual risk behaviors among adolescents in Baltimore, Maryland. METHODS: In 1985/1986, two cohorts of first grade public school students were enrolled in a preventive intervention (N=2055). Participants were re-interviewed with rega
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3464)
Mungazi G;;; Harare Youth Forum, Harare, Zimbabwe
BACKGROUND: To determine the factors putting christian youth at risk of HIV/AIDS and STIs. METHODOLOGY: 8 focus group discussions were held in 4 churches and interviews,98 individuals(6 parents,4 religious leaders and 88 youth). RESULTS: *Results showed that the youths in church were sexually active contrary,to the vie
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3465)
Sankaranarayanan S, Pandit DD, Gogate AS; Mumbai Districts AIDS Control Society, Mumbai, India
BACKGROUND: Mumbai city is considered to be epicentre of HIV in India with a population of 12 million. Approximately 60% of the population live in the slums of which the prevalence of young population is quite high. The level of risk of HIV in the youth is much greater due to poverty migration & urbanization.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3466)
Kelly RJ, Gray RH, Sewankambo NK, Serwadda D, Wabwire-Mangen F, Lutalo T, Wawer MJ; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: To assess whether differences in age between sexual partners affects the risk of HIV infection in female adolescents and young adults. Cross-sectional and prospective studies of a rural population in Rakai district, Uganda . METHODS: 7,216 sexually active women aged 15-29 who had at least one sexual partner
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3467)
Goupil-Sormany I;;; Laval University, Quebec, Canada
BACKGROUND: In some regions of sub-Saharan Africa, female teenagers have 6 times the risk of becoming infected with HIV compared to male teenagers. It was our purpose to understand how the experience of sexuality among a population of female teenagers from Abobo, a township of Abidjan in Cote d Ivoire , could
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3468)
Auvert B, Carel M, Males S, Ferry B; INSERM U88, Saint-Maurice, France
BACKGROUND: High rates of HIV infection among young people and especially among young women have been demonstrated in several urban areas in sub-Saharan Africa where the spread of HIV is mainly heterosexual. The objective of this paper was to study the impact of early age at first sex on subsequent risk behaviour for H
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3469)
Kashaga FK, Leticia BF;;; TAYOTA, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
ISSUES: In Tanzania over a third of AIDS cases are among 15-35 year olds, many of whom have been infected as teenagers. Factors contributing to high infection among young people include unprotected sex, poor knowledge about STDs /HIV, lack of life skills & power to negotiate forms of safer sex, poverty & unempl
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3470)
Echeverria J, Apilanez M, Zulaika D; Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
BACKGROUND. HIV-positive children born to infected mothers are now reaching adolescence. Our objective is to assess the clinical, social and family situation of perinatally infected HIV-positive adolescents, and to gain a better understanding of their own infection. METHODS. A study was done on HIV-positive children ag
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3471)
Hayashi M, Tatsunami S; National Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of HIV infection among teenagers in Japan was thought to be extremely low. However, recent rapid increases the number of youth reported infected HIV suggest prevention in teenagers is an urgent necessity. Thus we investigated the attitudes toward sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS among Japanese hi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3472)
Adamu R, Mulatu MS; Fifty Lemons, Inc., Washington, DC, United States
BACKGROUND: There are limited data regarding the patterns and the psychosocial, behavioral, and demographic correlates of past and intended condom use among Ethiopian youth. METHODS: A sample of 1,102 students, grades 9 through 12, from the five largest towns in Ethiopia completed a survey about their sexual and preven
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3473)
Miguelino VS, Ruiz JD, Plagenhoef J, Grasso P, Merritt D, Bueto J, Vincent D; California Department of Health Services, Office of AIDS, Sacramento, United States
BACKGROUND: Some groups of youth are at far greater than average risk for HIV/STDs. For some, HIV/STD is an ever-present threat because their circumstances force them to endure situations that place them at risk. Adolescent sex workers and homeless, street, and runaway youth are the most visible disadvantaged youth. Al
BACKGROUND: More than half of all new HIV infections are among adolescents aged from 15 to 24 year-olds, worldwide. In developing countries disadvantaged social and economics issues have contributed to continually disseminate HIV in this high-risk population. METHODS: We evaluated the epidemiological, clinical and outc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3475)
Cristobal AG; Phil. HIV/AIDS NGO Support Program (PHANSuP), Quezon City, Philippines
ISSUES: The Scouting Movement in the Philippines has been a great part of the lives of many Filipinos. In fact, for every 22 Filipinos, there is 1 scout, an indicator that both boy and girl scouts can play a large role in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS in the country. DESCRIPTION: The Philippine HIV/AIDS NGO Support
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3476)
Hagan H, Thiede H; NDRI, Inc., New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Young injection drug users (IDUs) have been identified as being at increased risk of HIV infection in several studies. This relationship was evaluated in a Seattle cohort study, to understand whether young drug injectors (age
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3477)
Sethi G, Prime KP, Navaratne L, Dean GL, Fox E, Sabin CA, de Ruiter A, Taylor CB, Edwards SG, Taylor GP; St Mary's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: To examine the differences in presentation, follow up rates, mental health problems and STDs between teenagers and older adults infected with HIV. METHODS: Retrospective case-control study in 7 HIV treatment centres in London and SE England (1/85-12/00). Cases were all newly diagnosed HIV-1-positive patient
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3478)
Perez F, Quintana A, Hidalgo C, Dourojeanni D; Institut de Sante Publique, d'Epidemiologie et de Developpement (ISPED)-Universite Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France
BACKGROUND: Young women are at risk of STI/HIV and unwanted pregnancies due to unprotected sexual practices and low rate of contraceptive use. In Peru , 17% of all women become adolescent mothers. The objective of this study was to identify factors that favour or act as barriers to the adoption of safe sex behaviours a
BACKGROUND. The HIV epidemic in Russia grows extensively. The number of HIV infected in the country doubled in 2001 and the majority of the infected is registered among people of 15 - 29 years. According to the Federal AIDS Center the HIV incidence in Moscow increased 1,3 times in 2001 as against the previous year. Ado
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3480)
Adams IK;;; Clinica AMMOR, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Street Youth in this 3.5 million population city are socially excluded from mainstream health services. This multi-professional, community based clinic with outreach activities, offers prevention, early detection and accompaniment for HIV infection, among this otherwise difficult to reach population. METHOD
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3481)
Golub ET, Karakus MC, Latimer WW; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: Despite a comparably high prevalence of alcohol use among Mexican and U.S. adolescents, and despite a demonstrated association between alcohol use and sexual risk behavior among adolescents in the United States , this relationship has not been widely studied in Mexico . METHODS: Presen
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3482)
Gutierrez JP, Bertozzi SM, Shaffer K, Guijarro MT; National Institute of Public Health (Mexico), Cuernavaca, Mexico
BACKGROUND: Adolescents sexual relationships that involve exchange of sex for money or other goods, referred to herein as compensated sex (CS), could increase risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) because of the inherent vulnerability of this population as well as the increased likelihood that this kind of sex
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3483)
Sanches K; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OBJECTIVES: to describe main sources of HIV/AIDS information used by university students in Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: The research employed a cross-sectional descriptive design with a probabilistic sample. A total of 613 students aged between 17 and 25 years old filled out a self-completed questionnaire with open-ended
BACKGROUND: The incidence of HIV is highest among youths worldwide. We conducted a KAPB and serosurvey among adolescents in order to obtain data in Yaounde. METHODS: This was a school based study. The KAPB was among 1527 youths (759 boys and 768 girls) aged 9 to 19 years. The serosurvey was in 1649 youths aged 15 to 24
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3485)
Amone J, Kamya M, Whalen C; Institute of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: Gulu District has had a consistent wars for nearly 17 years. This led to the establishment of Internally Displaced Persons Camps. The camps are overcrowded. Adolescents have limited access to Reproductive Health information and services. Many of the adolescents initiates sex at an early age and are vulnerab
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3487)
Wang HF, Chen ZD, Wang X, Xu YH, Shi WD, Qiu HY; Wuhan Public Health &Anti-epidemic Station, Wuhan, China
BACKGROUND: It s well known that Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) are at high risk of STI/HIV infection. Supported by WHO, a pilot project of 100% condom use program has been carried out since November 2000 in Wuhan, China , in order to promote condom use during commercial sex. OBJECTIVES: To understand the STI/HIV-relate
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3488)
Xu YH, Chen ZD, Chen L, Wang HF, Shi WD, Wang X, Li JL, Mei YL, Wan SY; Institute of STD Prevention and Control, Wuhan, China
OBJECTIVE: To determine the magnitude and patterns of STD/HIV among entertainment establishments-based sex workers in Huangpi District, Wuhan City (the pilot site of 100% condom use program in central China ) and to provide information for better STI service for these target population of the program. METHODOLOGY: 170
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3489)
Clavo P, Belza MJ, Sanchez F, Rodriguez C, Menendez B, Moral G, Jerez N, Sanz S, Ballesteros J; Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Servicio Regional de Salud, Madrid, Spain
OBJECTIVES: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics, work characteristics, and HIV risk behaviour in a group of immigrant female sex workers who work in off-street locations in Madrid, and to calculate the prevalence of STD and HIV, HBV, HCV markers. METHODS: We studied immigrant female sex workers who attende
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3490)
Chen ZD, Liu XH, Yu B, Wang X, Tang L; Public Health and Anti-epidemic Station, Wuhan, China
OBJECTIVE: To Survey HIV prevalence and Condom use among sex workers (SWs) to provide information on: (1) projecting the trend of HIV epidemic; (2) evaluating the effect of countermeasures adopted currently to prevent and control HIV/AIDS; (3) formulating strategy for cost-effective intervention. METHODOLOGY: Sentinel
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3491)
Hernandez R, Soto RJ, Campa A, Pinel R, Borjas V, Sierra M, Alvarenga MA, Amador N, Meza R, Baum M; Honduran Ministry of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
OBJECTIVES: The Republic of Honduras has reported approximately half of the cases (15,870) of HIV/AIDS in Central America, with 90.8% of the cases reported as sexually transmitted infections. Female Commercial Sex workers (FCSWs) in the two major urban areas, Tegucigalpa (Tegus) and San Pedro Sula (SPS), were identifie
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3492)
Schwartz U, Costigan A, Ngugi EN, Kimani J, Moses S, Price J, Plummer F;;; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
Background and METHODS: Prior to implementing a HIV prevention programme under the FHI/USAID-funded IMPACT Project, a baseline survey was conducted among 368 female sex workers (FSWs) in four community sites in rural Western Province, Kenya . Using a structured questionnaire, data was collected regarding their STD/HIV/
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3493)
Paranjothy S, Weiss H, Buve A, Morison L; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: To compare prevalence of and risk factors for HIV infection among sex workers in two African cities with high HIV prevalence (Kisumu, Kenya ; Ndola, Zambia ) and two with relatively low HIV prevalence (Cotonou, Benin ; Yaounde, Cameroon ).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3494)
Aral SO, St. Lawrence JS; Division of STD Prevention/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States
BACKGROUND: The Russian Federation is experiencing epidemics of drug-injection-associated HIV infection and high rates of syphilis and other STIs. To present the results of a rapid assessment focusing on sex workers and drug users that was conducted in the Saratov Oblast in May 2000; to discuss the role of sex work in
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3495)
Weiner AP, Wallace JI, Lorber KR; Wurzweiler School of Social Work, Yeshiva University, New York City, United States
BACKGROUND: Since April 1984, FRom Our STreets with Dignity (FROST?D) has provided outreach services to streetwalking prostitutes in New York City. A complex constellation of social factors continues to be reflected in the rates of HIV infection among this population. METHODS: From 1998-2001, 505 women received service
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3496)
Nguyen TH, Pham KC, Duong CT, Bui DT, Nguyen AT, Tran VL, Nguyen VK, Hoang VV, Wolffers I, van Ameijden EJ; Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this stusy was to examine relationship between HIV seropositivity, sex work and injecting drugs among female sex workers (FSWs) in Hanoi, Vietnam . METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 FSWs attending the rehabilitation center for FSWs in Hanoi in 2000. The structured ques
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3497)
Wright MT;;; Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
BACKGROUND: Reliable information about non-professional male sex workers (male street prostitutes) in terms of total numbers and prevention needs is difficult to obtain. A three-month, multi-site study was conducted in Germany s most populous region, the Rhine-Ruhr area (11 million inhabitants), for this purpose. METHO
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3498)
Surratt HL, Inciardi JA; University of Delaware, Miami, United States
BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control has designated rates of HIV and AIDS in Miami to be at state-of-emergency levels, particularly among women, yet epidemiologic data on HIV and hepatitis infection among female sex workers in this area are scarce. A study was funded by the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3499)
Simon S; Open Society Institute: International Harm Reduction Development Program, New York City, United States
In 2001, the International Harm Reduction Development program of the Open Society Institute, in partnership with Soros foundations in Eastern Europe and former Soviet Union, solicited proposals from two different stake-holder groups that were interested in providing harm reduction services to sex workers in CEE/fSU. Th
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3500)
Wallace JI, Weiner AP, Lorber KR; FRom Our STreets with Dignity (FROST'D), New York City, United States
BACKGROUND: This presentation looks at women who had multiple testings for HIV and the relationship of such testing to HIV status and the use of condoms and drugs. METHODS: During 1998-2001, an Outreach Van from FRom Our STreets with Dignity (FROSTD) tested 505 women for HIV. 21.1% (n=107) were tested at least two time
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3501)
Lowndes CM, Rhodes T, Judd A, Mikhailova L, Sarang A, Rylkov A, Tichonov M, Platt L, Renton A; Dept of Social Science and Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: In the context of a recent dramatic increase in numbers of reported HIV infections among injection drug users (IDU) in Togliatti City, Samara Oblast, Russian Federation, this study investigated HIV prevalence and risk behaviour among female IDU who practise commercial sex work (SW). METHODS: An unlinked ano
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3502)
Cleghorn FR, Campa A, Soto JR, Alvarenga MA, Mesa R, Hernandez R, Constantine N, Blattner WA, Baum M; University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Honduras heterosexually transmitted HIV epidemic has many characteristics that make it a suitable expansion site for HIV vaccine clinical trials. Sequential epidemiological studies in the years 1998 and 2000 suggested that the HIV epidemic in San Pedro Sula (SPS), a major commercial area on the Caribbean co
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3503)
Godoi AM, Merchan-Hamann E, Guimaraes KM, Andrade JM, Serafim D, Ribeiro L; University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, Brazil
BACKGROUND: A nation-wide cross-sectional study requested by the Brazilian Official Aids Program was carried out in order to evaluate the impact of interventions to prevent STD, HIV/AIDS transmission. Projects addressed to CSW were evaluated in 8 Brazilian cities. METHODS: The seroepidemiological survey was conducted i
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3504)
Merchan-Hamann E, Godoi AM, Guimaraes KM, Andrade JM, Serafim D, Ribeiro L; University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
BACKGROUND: A nation-wide cross-sectional study requested by the Brazilian Official Aids Program was conducted to evaluate the impact of interventions to prevent STD, HIV/AIDS transmission among female Commercial Sex Workers (CSW). METHODS: A survey was conducted in two groups in each city: an intervention group (IG) w
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3505)
Pavia NR, ngora-Biachi RA, Vera-Gamboa L, Gonzalez-Martinez P, Flores-Abuxapqui J, Moguel-Rodriguez W, Lara-Pereda D, Alonso-Salomon G; Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
BACKGROUND: Female sex workers are a vulnerable group for infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), due to their risky sexual practices, their multiple and anonymous sexual partners and their inconsistency in the use of preventative measures. The objective of this work was to evaluate the knowledge of and be
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3506)
Juan AS, Mangonon R, Perez P; Pasay City Health Office, Pasay City, Philippines
BACKGROUND: From 1994 to 2000, the Pasay City HIV serologic surveillance team detected four HIV seropositives. Last February, 2001, the team conducted their sixth serologic surveillance round. Two female risk groups were covered for data and blood collection- RFSW and FLSW. Place of access for RFSW were night clubs, be
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3507)
Cohan DL, McFarland W, Kim A; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: Many studies have evaluated the prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STI) among sex workers. Few studies, however, have utilized population-based sampling and have elicited sex workers attitudes towards HIV educational programs. OBJECTIVES: To examine differences in sexual behavior, HIV an
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3508)
Sentumbwe S, Nakkazi DS, Nantege N; Centre For Peace Research, Kampala, Uganda
BACKGROUND: To determine the sexual risk practices and behaviours related to STD and HIV/AIDS infections among commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Kampala city. METHODS: A cross-sectional study among CSWs in Kampala city between 2000-2001. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected using a questionnaire, key informan
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3509)
Hoffmann O, Maboko L, Wolff B, Mmbando D, Herbinger KH, Sonnenburg von F, Zaba B, Hoelscher M; Department of Infectious DIseases and Tropical Medicine, Munich, Germany
BACKGROUND: The HISIS study is a 3 year cohort of 600 consenting female workers from bars, guesthouses and restaurants in Mbeya, southern Tanzania , investigating socio-demographic, virologic and immunologic correlates of HIV-1 infection and superinfection to prepare for future vaccine trials. METHODS: Participants (ag
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3510)
Seck K, Laurent C, Toure Kane NC, Samb N, Wade A, Liegeois F, Ndoye I, Delaporte E;;; PNLS, Dakar, Senegal
BACKGROUND: In Senegal , the prostitution is tolerated for women older than 21 years but they must be registered and attend specific dispensaries for monthly medical visits. However, most women involved in prostitution relationships stay outside of this legal system. OBJECTIVES: 1) To estimate HIV and other STIs preval
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3511)
Sibande MN, Ginwalla R, Chansa V, Mwale A, Phiri G; University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
BACKGROUND: In developing countries like Zambia , where unemployment is high and cost of living on the increase, a number of women are forced into commercial sex work to find food. This is more in high density area and Chawama is one such community, located in the capital of Lusaka. Most of the women involved in CSW ar
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeC3512)
Gonzalez A, Allen AB, Aguilar CA, Bilbao FB; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
Summary: This study is about sexual practices accepted and refused by the sex workers in two zones of tolerance in the state of Morelos, Mexico . It is a group vulnerable to HIV / AIDS and ITS. The objective is to identify the different sexual practices accepted and refused by sex workers in relation to clients and per
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3513)
Concepcion AA; De La Salle University Health Sciences Campus, Dasmarinas, Cavite, Philippines
BACKGROUND: This is a cross-sectional study among the male prisoners in Davao City Jail. It sought to determine the knowledge of the male prisoners on HIV/AIDS and describe the forms of HIV/AIDS-related risk behaviors they engaged in during incarceration. METHOD: Data were generated from a survey of 155 randomly select
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3514)
Volle JV, Kabore IK, Diallo DB, Aliou BA; Family Health International, Washington, United States
My country (guinea) did in this year, its first national HIV survey in Guinea . BACKGROUND: Guinea is located in western africa with 8,5 millions of inhabitants. Please find below some indicators: * Population growth rate is 3,1%; * Refugees: 700,000; * Literacy rate:35%; * GDP real growth rate: 5% * Population below p
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3515)
Marais BJ, Cotton M; Registrar Paeds, Cape Town, South Africa
BACKGROUND: South Africa has an unacceptable high incidence of perinatally acquired HIV infection. No national program to interrupt vertical transmission exists. Therefore children carry a huge burden of disease. Doctors caring for these patients are potentially at high risk of occupational HIV exposure. No existing da
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3516)
Diniz-Piraino S, Hawley P, Xu Y, Coate B; Pfizer Global Research&Development, San Diego, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: Hyperamylasemia has been observed in patients with AIDS, without associated pancreatic disorders. The same was observed in our database which prompted this retrospective review of 615 patients. METHODS: This paper assesses both, the prevalence of hyperamylasemia in our clinical trials in HIV patients and po
BACKGROUND: Before the HIV/AIDS pandemic, about 2% of all children in developing countries were orphans. By 1997, this had risen to 7% in many African countries, reaching 11% in some cases ( UNAIDS , 2000). We determined the prevalence of orphanhood and the HIV-1 seropositivity rates among orphans, non-orphans and thei
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3518)
Mbanya DN, Polla'a ED, Kaptue LN; University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
BACKGROUND: HIV transmission in health institutions have been described in several studies, suggesting an additional risk to that of the general population of contracting the HIV among health workers. In resource-limited countries this risk is even higher because of sub-optimal working conditions in health institutiond
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3519)
Fernandez MI, Bowen GS, Ghany DL, Royal S, Perrino TM; University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
BACKGROUND: Hispanic males are at increased risk of HIV infection in the U.S. Yet, studies have shown they seek testing later than non-Hispanic whites. Little is known about the testing behaviors of Hispanics especially the new wave of immigrants from Central and South America. This study examined the rates and predict
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3520)
Stiffman AR, Striley C, Brown EF, Limb G, Ostmann E; George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St. Louis, United States
BACKGROUND: There is little published research on HIV risk behaviors in American Indian (AI) adults (Stevens et al, 2000), and none in adolescents. AI adults are at high risk due to less condom use, more IV drug use, and higher alcoholism (Fisher, et al, 2000). In AI adults, trauma (domestic violence, physical or sexua
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3521)
Agee BS, Fawal HJ, Funkhouser E, Janes S, Holmberg SD, Vermund SH; Univ of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
BACKGROUND: Limited data exist about the characteristics and antecedent risk factors of HIV infection in towns of different sizes in the US South. METHODS: Cross-sectional interviews of HIV-infected persons conducted at 22 sites in rural AL and MS. The metropolitan statistical area (MSA) identified as place of residenc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3522)
Estrada AL, Stevens SJ, Estrada BD; The University of Arizona, Tucson, United States
BACKGROUND: Racial/ethnic minority populations are increasingly over-represented in the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Disparity between the percent of minority populations infected with HIV/AIDS compared to Non-Hispanic Whites indicates the direction in which the epidemic has headed. While research has focused on HIV risk behavio
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3523)
Singh D, Vasant U, Nair MG, Karim QA, Vardas E; Fellowship from the South African Fogarty AIDS Training and Research Programme, Durban, South Africa
BACKGROUND: HIV infection is associated with considerable psychiatric morbidity that has been described in industrialized countries. Little data exists in developing countries that bear a disproportionate burden of HIV infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between HIV infection and psyc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3524)
Sierra MA, Paredes C, Soto R, Fernandez J, Hernandez R, Pinel R;;; Universidad Nacional, Tegucigalpa, M.D.C., Honduras
BACKGROUND: As part of the strategies to map the HIV epidemic developed by the Surveillance and Research Unit of the National AIDS/STI/TB programme, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 1998-1999 to determine the prevalence of syphilis, hepatitis B and HIV and sexual practices related with seroprevalence among
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3525)
Solomon S, Murugavel KG, Celentano DD, Balakrishnan P, Srikrishnan AK, Go VF, Sivaram S, Mayer KH; YRG CARE, Chennai, India
BACKGROUND: HIV prevalence from sentinel surveillance in India was 25.9 per 1000 in 199x. Selected reports from antenatal clinics suggest that HIV and STI may be entering the general population. Due to high prevalence among selected populations (sex workers and migratory workers), and sexual mixing, concerns are widesp
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3526)
Martin FA, Taylor GP; St Mary's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Aims: To determine clinical and immunological outcome in HIV-1 positive women who commence ART before or during pregnancy. BACKGROUND: Prior to effective ART a more rapid clinical progression after pregnancy has been observed. Data on the long term outcome of HIV infection in women who received ART during pregnancy are
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3527)
Kissinger P, Kieltyka L, Mohammed H, Magnus M, Richardson-Alston G, Clayton J, Fawal H, Vermund SH; Tulane University SPHTM, New Orleans, United States
BACKGROUND: Consistent and correct usage of antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential in reducing HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Adherence-related behavior has been well studied among HIV-infected individuals in urban settings, but less so in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associa
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3528)
Neaigus A, Gyarmathy VA, Miller M, Friedman SR, Jarlais DC; National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York City, United States
BACKGROUND: Many non-injecting heroin users (NIUs) have high-risk sex networks and may be at risk of sexually acquiring HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and, possibly, hepatitis C virus (HCV). METHODS: Between 3/1996-3/2001, 574 NIUs were street-recruited in New York City.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3529)
Sagor MS, Biplob KA, Shamim TA; Maneesha, Dhaka, Bangladesh
ISSUE: This Need assessment study tried to explore the vulnerability of Rickshaw pullars to STD/HIV/AIDS & to know their knowledge about the risks they run and to asses their felt needs. METHOD: Various methods were applied to collect the information on Rickshaw pullars from two slams (Basti) of Pallabi area. They
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3530)
Kim A, Po S, Hor BL, Griensven GJ, Mandel J, Page-Shafer K; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
BACKGROUND: High rates of HIV among sex workers (SW) in SihanoukVille (40%) prompted the implementation of a 100% condom use program in 1999. Fishermen may be a significant bridge population for the transmission of HIV from higher to lower risk populations in Cambodia due to unsafe risk behavior with SWs and high mobil
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3531)
Simoes AM, Metzger DS, Beck LM, Lemos CJ, Silva CB, Silva RF, Bueno CM; Health Secretary of the State of Rio de Janeiro, rio de janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: As the HIV epidemic moves through its second decade among drug users in Brasil, it is important to identify current risks and prevention strategies. The present work sought to assess HIV risk behavior among drug users entering substance abuse treatment at the State Center for Treatment and Rehabilitation of
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3532)
Wambura M, White R, Chilongani J, Todd J, Anemona A, Ross D, Zaba B, Grosskurth H, Mosha F, Hayes R; National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Population mobility has been shown to be associated with risk of HIV infection. However, the individual s risk will depend on the context in which mobility occurs, and mobility may be confounded with other risk factors for HIV. This study measured annual migration and circulation rates in rural Mwanza,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3533)
Butsashvili MJ, Kamkamidze GK, Butsashvili TJ, Tsintsadze MJ, Javakhidze N; Maternal and Child Health Union, Tbilisi, Georgia
BACKGROUND: HIV prevalence in Georgia continues to rise. The importance of prevention of HIV epidemic is well recognized by the government of country and multi-sector prevention activities are worked out and implemented. However, these activities are mostly concentrated in urban areas. Objectives of this study were to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3534)
Jensen-Fangel S, Pedersen L, Pedersen C, Larsen CS, Tauris P, Moeller A, rensen HT, Obel N; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
BACKGROUND: Study objectives were to assess the impact of non-Caucasian origin on the outcome of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in a system with free access to health care. METHODS: The study was conducted as a multicenter, population-based cohort study in western Denmark . 5
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3535)
Inchaurraga SS, Siri P; National University of Rosario - Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Drogadependencias y SIDA (CEADS - UNR), Rosario, Argentina
BACKGROUND: The Rapid Assessment and Response Study (RAR) on Intravenous Drug Users (IDU) of Rosario and Great Rosario has been developed in the framework of the WHO Multicenter Study. The objective is assess risks behaviors associated with injection drug use, monitoring the adequated responses and facilitate the secon
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3536)
Banati P, Low-Beer D, Stoneburner RL, Katz I, Staedler J; Reproductive Health Research Unit/University of Cambridge Department of Geography, Johannesburg, South Africa
The geographic distribution of AIDS deaths in South Africa shows a profile of the epidemic among mining communities. The use of spatial analysis presents a method to better evaluate the impact of this industry on AIDS deaths and a useful addition to surveillance efforts. While analyses at the national level show no sig
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeC3537)
Craib KJ, Spittal PM, Li K, Heath K, Laliberte N, Tyndall M, O'Shaughnessy MV, Schechter MT; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
OBJECTIVES: To compare cumulative HIV incidence rates among aboriginal and non-aboriginal participants in a cohort of injection drug users (IDUs). METHODS: This analysis was based on 941 participants who were recruited between 05/96 and 12/00, HIV-negative at enrolment, and completed at least one follow-up visit. Cumul
BACKGROUND:recent data reporting an increase in late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in Italy stressed the need of testing strategies capable to reach a larger proportion of HIV-infected individuals. Further efforts are needed to reach individuals who probably do not identify themselves as at risk. Seroprevalence patterns among
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3539)
Jafar A, Ahmed S; Naz Foundation International Regional Liaison Office, Lucknow, India
ISSUE: It is understood that safer sex practices amongst men who have sex with other men(MSMs) can only be encouraged and maintained if such practices become a normative behaviour amongst themselves and with their sexual partners. To achieve this goal, it therefore requires such safer sex practices to be adopted as a s
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3540)
Uddin SQ;;; ODPUP- MSM project, Dhaka, Bangladesh
ISSUE: Make up room or Dressing rooms are very informal where Male sex workers dress up as women to seek clients. These make up rooms are mostly located in the Guru s (leaders) house it becomes a credible spot for expanding the out reach work through peer educators. DESCRIPTION: Male sex worker has no enough time to ed
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3541)
Stevenson LY, Seal DW, Coley BI; Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States
BACKGROUND: HIV prevalence is increasing among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Community capacity building is needed to increase and improve HIV prevention programs and services for YMSM. We describe an HIV prevention program to raise community capacity among YMSM and youth organizations in the Midwestern
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3543)
Collins C, Stall R, Griffiths S, Taillepierre JD; CDC, Atlanta GA, United States
ISSUE: Surveillance data have documented increases in sexual risk and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA. MSM remain the group at highest risk for HIV, an estimated 42% of all new infections in the USA. Young, African-American, and Latino MSM are at particularly high r
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3544)
Bochow M;;; Trieb-Kraft, Berlin, Germany
BACKGROUND: Since 1999 there have been an increasing number of reports from major cities (e.g., London, Paris, Sydney, Berlin, New York, Los Angeles) indicating a reduction in safer sex practices and a higher incidence of sexually transmitted diseases among gay men. METHODS: Key studies from Germany ,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3545)
Sherr L, Elford J, Bolding G; Royal Free and University College Med School, London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND: Peer education has proved effective in HIV prevention among gay USA men. This RCT study evaluated a peer-led HIV prevention initiative (gay men) in London, UK METHODS: Using a diffusion of innovation model, a peer-led programme was developed using one of five gyms in central London. The gyms provided discre
BACKGROUND: Gay men in Scotland continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV. Early diagnosis is desirable to allow prompt antiviral treatment. However, unlinked anonymous HIV testing has indicated that over one third of HIV positive gay men attending sexual health clinics in Scotland do not know their HIV status.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3547)
Mansergh G, Marks G, Rader M, Colfax G, Guzman R, Buchbinder S;;; CDC, Atlanta, United States
BACKGROUND: Research has found N9 to cause rectal cell disruption which may increase risk for HIV infection, yet MSM may still be using it. We assessed N9 use among MSM and tested prevention messages to reduce its use in the context of continued peer use. METHODS: In 2001, MSM (N=573) were recruited (street outreach, a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3548)
Parsons JT, Lyles CM, Gomez C, Halkitis PN, Bimbi D, O'Leary A, Hoff C; Hunter College of the City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY, United States
BACKGROUND: Behavioral risk reduction interventions have increasingly focused on prevention for HIV seropositive (HIV+) persons. It is important to understand characteristics that distinguish persons who attend such interventions from those who do not. We report on baseline characteristics associated with intervention
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3549)
Kegeles SM, Rebchook GM, Hays RB, Pollack LM; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies/AIDS Research Institute/University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a peer-led community-level HIV prevention intervention for young gay/bisexual men in a large ethnically diverse U.S. city. METHODS: The intervention, based on theories of empowerment, diffusion and peer mobilization, contained 5 components: 1) a young gay men s community cent
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3550)
Menon M;;; Sahodaran, Chennai, India
ISSUES: Kothi s are the most accessible and vulnerable among the MSM community in Chennai. Religion and Rituals are an intrinsic and significant part of their lives and daily routines. Hence HIV prevention had to specifically address these within this religious context. DESCRIPTION: Outreach staff from the MSM Communit
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3551)
Blanchard K, Coetzee N, Hoosen A, Friedland B, Sebola M, de Kock A, Ndlovu G, Altini L, Ellertson C, Tweedy K; Population Council, Johannesburg, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Carraguard®, a 3% carrageenan gel, is a promising candidate microbicide based on results from in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies, and Phase I clinical safety studies. METHODS: 400 healthy HIV negative women from the general population were enrolled, 200 each in two sites, Gugulethu and Ga-Rankuwa,
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3552)
HerreraOrlando IN, De la CadenaHernan MD, SoriaEfrain PS, AcostaElena MD, GuevaraAngel MD, SanchezJose L MD, MontanoSilvia MD, GomezAdriana F. LI; Fundacion EQUIDAD, Quito, Ecuador
ISSUES: Interventions of HVI/AIDS preventions in Ecuador have no taken into consideration gay men and other populations of men who have sex with men (MSM). Although official data show that HIV infection is an important problem in Ecuador, there are no specific health care services or programs stablished to address it.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3553)
Antunes MC, Hearst N, Silva CG, Stall R; NEPAIDS - USP &Universidade Tuiuti do Parana, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men continue to account for a substantial proportion of AIDS cases in Brazil . Prevention programs have been less numerous and effective, specially for those groups of MSM at highest risk. We conducted an STD/AIDS prevention program in gay bars and discos in Sao Paulo, and attempted to
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3554)
Antunes MC, Hearst N, Silva CG, Stall R; NEPAIDS - USP &Universidade Tuiuti do Parana, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men continue to account for a high proportion of AIDS case in Brazil , and this group has not received the attention it deserves for research and prevention. Existing studies involve mostly the more educated and middle class segment of this population. METHODS: Following a process of q
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3555)
Wang Q, Lin G; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
BACKGROUND: Internet is a promising and cost-effective way for outreach and harm reduction for men who have sex with men. This study examines feasibility of Internet outreach and HIV harm reduction for men who have sex with men. METHODS: 353 Chinese gay men were recruited from seven gay web sites by Internet outreach w
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3556)
Feist-Price S; University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
BACKGROUND: Among African American men with AIDS, men who have sex with men represent the largest proportion of reported cases since the epidemic began. It is believed that African American men who identify as heterosexual and secretely have sex with men do not heed public service announcements of the dangers of unprot
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3557)
Baig MA, Abbas QA, Shah SA, Ali SA, Anjum ZA; Gender and Reproductive Health Forum, Karachi, Pakistan
ISSUES: Hijras (transvestites/ transsexuals) also called eunuchs constitute the visible segment of population in Pakistan . Karachi is a cosmopolitan city. The population of Hijras is growing day by day. They earn their livelihood through dancing, begging and commercial sex. Most frequently they offer unsafe oral and a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3558)
Greco M, Silva AP, Oliveira EI, Cardoso FA, Andrade J, Greco DB; Minas Gerais AIDS Vaccine Center - Post Graduation Program in Tropical Medicine, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
BACKGROUND: There is much lacking in research on sexuality of male bisexuals, especially on their attitudes and perceptions on risks for HIV infection. Our objective is to characterize the bisexual volunteers of the Project Horizonte (PH) and to identify the differences and perceptions of their homosexual and heterosex
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3559)
Cochran SD, Mays VM, Corliss H; UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated that positive mental health status helps HIV positive men cope, but less HIV/AIDS prevention effort has been directed toward developing and maintaining overall good mental health in gay men as a whole. Components of well-being (e.g., self-esteem, positive gay-identity) are
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3560)
Perreault M, vesque PA, Billette I, Berneche R, Lavoie R; Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
OBJECTIVE: to describe the social representations of HIV and the risk management strategies of young men as well as to identify the conditions producing those representations and strategies in order to help target preventive interventions for that population at high risk of infection. METHODS: thirty-two in-depth inter
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3561)
Fuentes FA; Movimiento Unificado de Minorias Sexuales (MUMS), Santiago, Chile
ISSUES. Chile s epidemic is concentrated in men from 20 to 49 years old, of whom 77.5% declare homo- or bisexual conduct. Due to the clandestine and confused nature of their first sexual experiences, MSM youth are highly vulnerable and yet open to prevention messages that directly address their special circumstances. M
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3562)
Morisky DE, Tiglao TV, Ang A, Tsai T, Coly A; UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
BACKGROUND: In an effort to expand the successful results of educational interventions among female bar workers employed in indirect sex establishments in the Philippines , behavioral interventions have been directed to high-risk heterosexual male populations. METHODS: A cross-lagged panel study design has been impleme
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3563)
Valencia ES, Gonzalez A, Pilowsky DJ, Berkman A, Conover S, Susser E; Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, United States
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about HIV preventive interventions for severely mentally ill (SMI) who are alcohol or drug dependent. We tested Sex, Games and Videotapes (Sex-G) among homeless mentally ill men. This 15-session intervention was designed to reduce high-risk sexual behaviors through consistent condom use. Sex-
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3564)
Kale SD;;; author, Sangli, India
BACKGROUND: Truckers are among the best clients of women in prostitution since they pay well and are least violent. Barring regular clients they consist a major chunk of customers for women in prostitution be it in the brothels [after the delivery of the goods at the market yard] or on the highways. Women in prostituti
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3565)
Valencia ES, Saez HV, Susser E; Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, United States
OBJECTIVE: We report on a continuum of HIV risk assessment and prevention development effort for Latino mentally ill men in a NYC shelter. We previously reported a 26% HIV prevalence in a group of these men (Susser, Valencia et al, AJPH 1993). METHODS: We studied Latino men in the shelter psychiatric program (1990-98).
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3566)
Sadiq NS;;; UNDP, Dhaka, Bangladesh
ISSUES: While implementing targetted interventions in hiv/aids it was identified that one of the important stakeholders who obstruct introduction of safe sex practice and could have a more positive role was police force. The police need to be provided orientation on hiv/aids prevention measures and on the role that the
BACKGROUND: In 1997 the Family Health and AIDS project (FHA) initiated the regional migrant project (PSAMAO), which primary goal is to encourage the adoption of responsible sexual behaviors by the mobile population in West Africa. The mobile population targeted includes truck drivers, seasonal workers and sex workers.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3568)
Wirawan DN, Muliawan P; Kerti Praja Foundation, Denpasar, Indonesia
BACKGROUND: To describes the results of an evaluation of a behavioral intervention program designed to improve knowledge of STD/HIV/AIDS and to increase condom use among clients of female sex workers in Bali, Indonesia . METHODS: The intervention was conducted from May 2000 until December 2001 at the drop-in center loc
BACKGROUND: A study by the authors indicated that a large proportion of track drivers were regularly visiting CSWs. In one trip of 7 to 10 days, they were visiting 3-4 different CSWs (range 2-8) and they were contacting them on average 5 times in one week. Most of them did not use condom. METHODS: An operations researc
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3570)
Rossi EE, Raharisoa MB, Ny A, Ralison A; John Snow Inc, Antananarivo, Madagascar
BACKGROUND: Increasing condom use is a critical part of an effective campaign against STIs/HIV/AIDS in Madagascar . Major obstacles to condom use exist and there is reasonable data supporting the need for an extremely aggressive BCC campaign as well as simultaneous access to improved STI care including condom use durin
BACKGROUND: The amount of protection that condoms provide for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections is unknown. When some individuals use condoms and some do not, namely some individuals use condoms 100% of the time and some never use (0%) condoms, condom effectiveness can be estimated by comparing the two inci
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3572)
Lihana RN, Songok EM, Makokha EP, Kiptoo M, Kobayashi N, Ichimura H, Okoth F;;; Kemri, Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: Rate of HIV seroconversion in HIV negative rural women attending antenatal clinics (ANC)in a rural setting has not been exhaustively studied especially in western Kenya . This, however goes along with Information,Education and Counselling(IEC)on behaviour change in a high risk population. There is therefore
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of counseling on living positively with HIV/AIDS and prevention of further spread of HIV among positive women. METHOD: - Personal experience of 11 years as an HIV positive woman - Focus group discussions with 60 community members in two rural parishes of Kyanja and Ddundu. - Drama Grou
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3574)
Strombeck RD; HealthCare Education Associates, Palm Springs, United States
ISSUES. Women who use drugs exhibit high risk for HIV and other diseases. Drug treatment programs represent one of the few organizational structures in which drug users can be reached and they provide an important opportunity to conduct HIV prevention with this population. Although efforts to provide HIV education in d
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3575)
Wechsberg WM, Zule W, Lam WK, Middlesteadt R, Hall G, Burroughs A;;; RTI International, RTP, NC, United States
BACKGROUND. High rates of HIV among African-American women in the southeastern US are associated with crack cocaine use and high-risk sexual behaviors. In an attempt to reduce HIV risk, a woman-focused prevention intervention based on empowerment was developed with and for African-American crack cocaine users. METHODS.
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3576)
Muyunda E, Kalibala S, Ntombela N, Sakala E, Rutenberg N, Banda A, Jensen J, Geibel S, Nyirenda T, Franklin N, Bareett M, Dunnett-Dagg W; Ndola District Health Management Team, Ndola, Zambia
BACKGROUND: The Ndola Demonstration project provides community-integrated HIV and infant feeding counseling as well as MCH services. This paper examines the effects of PMCT services on the preventive behavior of mothers in the community. METHODS: Pregnant women attending 6 peri-urban health centers were provided health
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3577)
O'Leary A, Moore J, Sakutukwa G, Loeb L, Hrushka D, Padian N; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States
Purpose: Seronegative women seeking contraceptive services in Harare, Zimbabwe (N = 339) received a 3-session intervention to help them to negotiate condom use with their male partners. We wished to identify relationship factors and specific negotiation strategies associated with consistent condom use (CCU). METHODS: A
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3578)
Peragallo NP, DeForge BD, O'Campo PO, Lee SL, Ferrer LM, Cianelli R; University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: There are few theoretically informed interventions targeting Latinas in the US. Yet, this group is increasingly at risk for HIV. METHODS: Project SEPA (RO1 NR04746-04, PI: Peragallo) recruited Latina women, aged 18-40, from several government, community and health clinic sites in Chicago IL, USA in 1999 and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3579)
Pulido SA, Sanchez IG, Piqueras MT; Escuela Andaluza Salud Publica - EASP, Granada, Spain
BACKGROUND: High risk groups have been the main focus of preventive strategies in Spain . Women are at higher risk of contracting AIDS but few attention has been given until recently to develop gender specific prevention activities. Identification of key to success in AIDS prevention in women from the general populatio
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3580)
Little CG, Prather CE;;; Atlanta, United States
ISSUES: African-American women are 16 times more likely to be diagnosed with AIDS than European-American women (Sikkema, K 2000). Heterosexual transmission has proven to be the major mode of infection among African-American women, and while there have been numerous studies and prevention projects targeting African-Amer
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3581)
Yonas MA, Gielen AC, McDonnell K, Burke J, Denison J, O'Campo P; Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: Previous research has established the association between childhood maltreatment with health outcomes. Few studies though have examined the effect of early life differences as it relates to HIV status in women. This study examines childhood differences and how they relate to both adolescent and adult outcom
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3582)
Jagha TO, Mantell JE, Adedimeji AA; Association for Reproductive and Family Health, Ibadan, Nigeria
BACKGROUND: Condoms have received little promotion by family planning (FP) clinics, and HIV/STI prevention has not been incorporated into routine FP tasks. The adult male population perceive the male condom as a setback to sexual pleasure, and the female condom has mainly been introduced through product trials within h
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3583)
Cataluna DP, Gumayan MV, Bambao AM, Sale MC; KRHC/Central Phil. University, Iloilo city, Philippines
ISSUE: Impact of City Ordinance 00-045 Compulsory STD/HIV/AIDS Education Ordinance of Iloilo City, Philippines . DESCRIPTION: Kabalaka Reproductive Health Center of Central Philippine University, an NGO working on the prevention of STD/HIV/AIDS, drafted a resolution to the city council and was approved an ordinance whi
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3584)
Lima AL, Gasparini SM, Nascimento VL, Castro MP, Felipe YX, Varandas JI, Santos CP, Uip DE; Casa da AIDS, Sao Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: AIDS Clinical Center has distributed female preservative to women who carry HIV/AIDS, or HIV negative that have anti-HIV positive sexual partner. This AIDS Clinical Center joins to the State Program on STD/AIDS of Sao Paulo. We analyzed the flow of the distribution of female preservative from June 2000 to J
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3585)
Rilloraza GA; City Health Office, San Fernando, La Union, Philippines
ISSUE: Women especially mothers are most vulnerable segment in the Philippine Society, they have little access, information, knowledge on HIV/AIDS/STI. DESCRIPTION: All health care providers of health office of San Fernando City, La Union, Northern Philippines had extensively undergone training on HIV/AIDS/STI, becomin
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3586)
Bunge K, Virgo D, Keller J, Weikel T, Holcroft C, Ross B, Hanna G, Anderson J; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
BACKGROUND: To compare demographic, virologic, and immunologic characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in women newly diagnosed with HIV in pregnancy (ND) and those with an established HIV diagnosis (ED). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 80 HIV+ pregnant women followed at the Johns Hopkins Hospital 1997-2000. Pear
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3587)
Cerutti MC, Corral AM, Kurlat SK; AAES, Buenos Aires, Argentina
This paper summarizes the work of the Asociacion Argentina de Educadores Sexuales (AAES) to prevent HIV/AIDS and STD (sexually transmitted diseases), with the support and funding of LUSIDA, and the Ministry of Health and Social Action. Woman as an agent of change is a project for childbearing-age women, with basic need
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no.. MoPeD3588)
Rahman S, Rahman SM, Ahmed R; TREE (Theatre for Research Education and Empowerment), The University of Toledo, Dhaka, Bangladesh
BACKGROUND: Prevalence of HIV is gradually increasing in Bangladesh . Recent sentinel surveillance showed 2.5 % prevalence of HIV among injecting drug users (IDU) and 0.06% among brothel-based sex-workers. Culturally sensitive, innovative prevention interventions are crucial to prevent future epidemic in Bangladesh. Pa
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3589)
Khan I, Jafar A;;; Bharosa, Lucknow, India
ISSUE: Lucknow has a significant number of male youth 21 & under, unmarried. Many of these males are sexually active with other males & sometimes females too. Often this male-to-male sex occurs due to the traditional, orthodox framework of the society, which gives very little space for male & female interac
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3590)
Purisima F; Population Services Pilipinas Inc., Pasay City, Philippines
Guaranteeing investments in the health of adolescents includes to a large extent their formal educational experiences. Providing young people with as much knowledge in regard to HIV infection as mitigated by risky behavior cannot be overstated. Two privately-owned secondary schools in Metropolitan Manila, the
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3592)
Grover VL, Sharma AK, Aggarwal OP; Reader, Department of Community Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
BACKGROUND: Appropriate knowledge and correct attitudes during adolescence may help in promoting healthy and safe sexual life and reduce risk of STD and AIDS. In order to implement effective intervention programs to increase level of correct knowledge, attitude and practices regarding sexual activities, a base line stu
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3593)
Misra K, Bhattacharya S, Mukherjee D, Pavamani V; The Calcutta Samaritans, Calcutta, India
ISSUE: More than one hundred thousand children lives on the streets of Kolkata & the number is rising everyday. They are part of the child labour market, have almost no education & very little skills both vocational and life skills. These unskilled children are more prone & vulnerable to the exploitation an
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3594)
Kohn D, Tabac L, Meglioli A, Tabac L; IPPF/WHR, New York, United States
ISSUES: Brazil has the highest cumulative number of AIDS cases reported in Latin America and a rising prevalence rate among youth. Preventing the spread of HIV/STIs has become focused on youth. As a result, Bemfam, IPPF/WHR s affiliate in Brazil, implements a sex education program in schools. DESCRIPTION: The project a
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3595)
Shoveller JA, Pietersma WA; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
BACKGROUND: Most HIV prevention studies have focused on individual characteristics (e.g., age), qualities (e.g., knowledge levels), and risk behaviour (e.g., unprotected sexual intercourse). Emerging evidence indicates that intervention approaches need to move beyond exclusively individualistic frameworks and adopt a m
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3596)
Walker DM, Givaudan M, Leenen I, Pick S; Population Council, Cuernavaca, Mexico
BACKGROUND. Often the primary goals of school-based HIV prevention education projects include improving attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) and increasing HIV related knowledge, believing that appropriate attitudes and accurate information are key to acting upon prevention messages. While short-term pr
BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of an AIDS/STD peer education program on adolescents attending high school in Quebec, Canada , was examined. During the Protection Express Program, sessions ranging between 140 to 180 minutes in length were presented to 369 junior students (mean age: 14.1 years) by 147 seniors (mean age:16
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3598)
Sahai J;;; RBGM Foundation, New Delhi, India
The Modicare RBGM Foundation set up in 1996, to promote HIV awareness in India . The school project began in 1999, with 5 schools and today has covered 25 schools. Both Government and public schools were covered reaching out to as many 15000 boys and girls. The project deals with growing up issues such as physical and
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3599)
Taylor M, Dlamini SB, Jinabhai CC, de Vries H, Kagoro H; Department of Community Health, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa
BACKGROUND: KwaZulu-Natal has the highest reported prevalences of HIV/AIDS in South Africa . Health education to prevent HIV infection may raise awareness but may not alter behaviour. A strategy using virginity testing to prevent early sexual activity amongst girls is being revived amongst Zulu speaking communities. Th
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3600)
Li X, Gao Z, Fang X, Stanton B, Yin Q, Mao R; West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States
BACKGROUND. The steady increase of HIV infection in China in recent years underscores the urgent need for education and intervention efforts. While still controversial, research in the United States and other Western countries has suggested that sufficient knowledge regarding AIDS/HIV is a necessary, albeit insufficien
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3601)
Gondim RC, Macena RH;;; GAPA-CE, Fortaleza, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Adolescents in conflict with the law are more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS and other STD than others. The knowledge of their behavioral and sexual profile can contribute to the implementation of more effective actions of prevention. METHODS: During February and March 2001, 124 adolescents in conflict with the law
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3602)
de Leon Esteban M; Centro de Desarrollo Humano de Guatemala, Guatemala
The Guardians of Life is formed of youths that had the opportunity to be trained on the topic of HIV/AIDS and other topics of human sexuality, by the Center of Human Development of Guatemala in a course of 16 hours in two week ends. Our function is to pass the information to other persons, specially other youngster. We
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3603)
Givaudan M, Leenen I, Walker D, Pick S; IMIFAP, Mexico City, Mexico
BACKGROUND: Mexican culture promotes gender biased attitudes that can compromise HIV prevention efforts. Adolescence is a critical period for establishing positive gender related beliefs that are a prerequisite for safe sexual behavior. METHODS: In this quasi-experimental longitudinal study, 4 rounds of questionnaires
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3604)
Parodi NF;;; ProSaludH, Cordoba, Argentina
BACKGROUND: No similar studies were found locally which link school prevention through graphic production in Poster Contest (PC). There exist studies on prevention and information but not with this methodology. The objective of the study is to determine the level of knowledge of prevention and transmission of HIV among
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3605)
Tayag JG;;; University, Manila, Philippines
BACKGROUND: This is a study done by the Values and Ethics Committee of the University in the Philippines . The precipitating factor was the reported increased incidences of STDs in a nearby clinic. The university needed to get baseline data for intervention purposes. DESCRIPTION: Some 292 respondents randomly selected
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3606)
Namulema NE, Seruyange SH, Anne KA; Medical Doctor, Kampala, Uganda
ISSUES: With the increasing availability of Anti Retro-virals in Africa, many children can now access treatment. The challenge is the non disclosure of the diagnosis to these children by their carers and the health workers. BACKGROUND: Since the disease is transmitted vertically (Perinatally) to children, parents often
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3607)
Mgalla ZJ, Sambala A, Kishamawe C, Mlemya B, Morona D, Mwaluko GM;;; Tanesa, Mwanza, Tanzania
BACKGROUND: To date, in Tanzania , there is no comprehensive sexual and reproductive health (srh) and hiv/aids intervention program for secondary school students. A situation analysis was carried out to identify srh needs of this group to determine the content of a relevant intervention package. METHODS: An exploratory
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3608)
Stupu C, Fest D; Population Services International, Bucharest, Romania
ISSUE: How to overcome cultural and personal barriers to build awareness and change behavior among youth regarding safe sex. What communication strategies and media are most effective in increasing condom usage among youth. DESCRIPTION: This presentation will convey how social marketing in Romania has successf
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3609)
Barker GB, Nascimento M; Instituto Promundo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
ISSUE: Four Latin American NGOs have collaborated with PROMUNDO Institute (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ) since 1998 to call greater attention to the needs and realities of young men ages 15-24 in sexual and reproductive health, HIV/AIDS and gender violence prevention, and to engage them in HIV/AIDS prevention. DESCRIPTION:
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3610)
Ndabamenye P, Ngabonziza M, Murray D; Family Health International, Kigali, Rwanda
BACKGROUND: To better understand the reasons for relatively high HIV prevalence in Rwanda , particularly in rural areas where rates have increased from 1.3% in 1986 to 10.8% in 1997, quantitative and qualitative studies of HIV risk behaviors were conducted among youth aged 15 to 25. METHODOLOGY: In 2000, FHI/Rwanda con
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3611)
Nascimento M, Barker G, Nidhonaill B, Marcondes W, Studart C;;; Instituto Promundo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
ISSUE: PROMUNDO Institute, with support from MacArthur Foundation and SSL International, work with peer promoters in a social marketing project of condoms for youth aged 15-24. Young men are trained to promote the use and sell of condoms to peers at timely and well-located sites in a low income community in Rio de Jane
BACKGROUND: In Mexico , as part of a school based intervention, we evaluated the effect of short-term teacher training on knowledge, attitudes and confidence. METHODS: We analyzed teachers responses to anonymous questionnaires before and after a one week, 40 hour, course. 102 teachers from 30 public schools in the Stat
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3613)
Cromack LM, Castro DM, Taquette SR; Adolescents health care center- Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Center of Adolescents Health Care is a department of the Rio de Janeiro State University. In 1992 was created a Program on Sexuality to facilitate the access to information on sexuality and STD/HIV prevention and distribute male condoms. There are in Brazil 215810 cases of Aids, 4846 adolescents. The facing
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3614)
Harper GW, Bangi AK, Contreras R, Pedraza A, Tolliver M, Vess L;;; DePaul University, Chicago, United States
BACKGROUND: To test the effectiveness of a socioculturally tailored community-based HIV prevention program for low-income Latina female adolescents. METHODS: The SHERO s program is a nine-week group-based skills building intervention developed through a two-year study that examined contextual factors influencing Latina
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3615)
Chun CC;;; Peking University, Beijing, China
BACKGROUND: As in orther countries, youth accounts for a large percentage of HIV infections in China . University students are at the high-risk aged group, and they also potentially could be a well-educated group to distribute information and skills about AIDS prevention to other youth. METHODS: A cross-sectional quest
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3616)
Bunjamin RB, Zubaedah Z; PI-KPK (The Center for Information on Health and Family Protection), Mataram, Indonesia
Lombok, the most density island in West Nusa Tenggara is known as an island of a thousand mosques. Islam as the predominantly religious belief is an important factor in people s way of life. However, the religious understanding is merely taken from leaders who socialize Islamic teaching which accommodate men s benefits
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3617)
Pidlisnyy VV;;; Hospital, Kiev, Ukraine
BACKGROUND: Average age of sexual debut in Ukraine is 14,5 years old for girls and 15,5 years old for boys. According our research among 1300 schoolchildren who have sex, about 400 person (30%) have risk types of sex. Among them there are 215 girls. They said, that they want to secure their behavior but they don t have
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3618)
Shapiro RL, Kebaabetswe P, Lockman S, Mogwe S, Mandevu R, Thior I, Essex M; Botswana-Harvard Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana
BACKGROUND: Male circumcision is known to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV, but few studies have been performed to assess its acceptability among either children or adults in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in nine geographically representative locations in Botswana to det
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3619)
Reinders JM, Shroff R, Trang NQ, Nga BP, Thuy LT; WPF, Hilversum, The Netherlands
BACKGROUND: Students of Vietnamese re-education schools have been in conflict with the law. Sexual assault, prostitution, drug use, robbery and offence ofpublic order are main reasons for 6 up to 24 months re-education. Their sexual health is severely affected by HIV and other STIs and teenage pregnancy, abortion and s
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3620)
Oshiname F; Department of Health Promotion and Education, College of Medicine, UCH,, Ibadan, Nigeria
BACKGROUND: In Nigeria school based HIV/AIDS intervention programmes hardly target elementary school pupils. This necessitated their exposure to a training intervention to determine its effect on their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. METHODS: The study was quasi-experimental in design. Thirty pupils in elementary class five
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3621)
Cogan JA;;; Students Partnership Worldwide, London, United Kingdom
ISSUES: On epidemiological and economic grounds school-based prevention should be the corner stone for anti-HIV/AIDS national strategies. But few sub-Saharan countries have effective School Health policies. The rapid spread of HIV/AIDS into adolescent communities calls for immediate action. Given that patterns of trans
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3622)
Samajpati AC;;; Institution, Gandhinagar, India
BACKGROUND: Promoting peer education has emerged as an effective method to reach a larger number within short period. Its impact is greater than the teachind and learning process that takes place between two unequal groups. METHODS: This paper mainly deals with the preventive and care aspects in HIV/AIDS. Sexual health
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3623)
Underwood CR, Serlemitsos ET, Bharath U, Hochonda H; Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore, United States
BACKGROUND: A 1998 survey conducted among 15-19 year-old adolescents in Zambia found that 62% of male and 59% of female youth reported having had sex, yet only 16% reported condom use the last time they had sex. The Helping Each other Act Responsibly Together (HEART) Campaign, designed specifically for youth and by you
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3624)
Almeida IA, Sales FR, Vieira JC, Patel NB; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Since the past decade the Brazilian Ministry of Health has embarked on global programs for the prevention of STD/HIV-AIDS. In function of socio-economic, educational and cultural diversities prevailing in Brazil it is possible that the efficacy of these programs show regional variations. The objective of th
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3625)
Ilic DM, Paunic M; Institute for Students Helath of Belgrade University, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Behavior represents the aggregation of voluntary and involuntary activities, conditioned reflexes, acquired responses, adaptation to changes etc., and has always been linked to the state of the health of people. If behavior is in direct conjunction with the health of people it is then defined as health-related behavior
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3626)
Obasi AI, Chima KL, Mmassy G, Cleophas-Frisch B, Mujaya B, Ross D, Hayes R;;; AMREF, Mwanza, Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Teacher knowledge and attitudes are key to the effectiveness of school-based HIV prevention programmes. As part a broader adolescent reproductive health (RH) programme, which includes community activities, youth-friendly services and community-based condom provision for youth, 186 teachers were trained to f
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3627)
Kachingwe SI, Mbweza E, Norr KF, Kaponda CP, Norr JL; Kamuzu College of Nursing, U. of Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi
BACKGROUND: Teachers have the potential to be important leaders in HIV prevention in schools and in their community. However, the implementation of HIV/AIDS education curricula in primary schools in Malawi has not been as successful as hoped. METHOD: We conducted 2 focus groups about HIV/AIDS with male and female prima
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3628)
Martinez-Donate AP, Carrizosa C, Sipan C, Blumberg E, Lozada R, Slade R, Hovell MF; Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego University, San Diego, United States
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have raised concern about HIV transmission along the U.S.- Mexico border region. This study is aimed at: 1) estimating the prevalence and correlates of HIV-related risk behaviors among adolescents in Tijuana, a Mexican border city; and 2) evaluating the effectiveness of a prevention workshop
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3629)
Silva C, Tito LG, Schwarcfuter D; Grupo Pela VIDDA-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Problem: Adolescents represent approximately 30% of the total AIDS registered cases in Brazil . The inexistence of a clear policy towards this public led to low adherence to prevention activities and care programs. This public was even more vulnerable to the social and psychological consequences of AIDS. Therefore, Gru
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3630)
Kilaru A, Divakar S, Ganapathy S, Kaushik H, Ramakrishna J;;; Belaku Trust, Bangalore, India
Background - Adequate data on adolescent behaviour, especially rural, is lacking, but necessary to develop effective primary prevention programs. We present results from an extensive study using both qualitative and quantitative methods of adolescent attitudes, perceptions and behaviours regarding sex, boy-girl relatio
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3631)
Jama PN, Jewkes RK; Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
Introduction: Stepping Stones aims to prevent HIV through building communication and relationship skills as well as developing knowledge and understanding of sexual health and the forces shaping sexual practices, particularly gender. We present findings of ethnographic research to evaluate its impact. METHODS: Ten men
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3632)
Qu QM;;; Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
China is now on the transition to a modern society. Its politics, economy, social life, culture, ethical standards and all other aspects are undergoing rapid and profound changes. Meanwhile, AIDS which was regarded by Chinese as something very remote from themselves before, is now quickly spreading in the country. It
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3633)
Varma S;;; NGO, Jaipur, India
ISSUES: Rajasthan is a feudal, conservative, poor state Although the apparent HIV prevalence rate is low, students need to be aware about HIV/AIDS.Shantideep has been working in schools and colleges in Jaipur for three years to spread awareness and develop students as peer educators in their institutions. An oral prese
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3634)
Baker S, Rumakom P, Sartsar S, Guest P, Rewthong U; Horizons Project, Program for Appropriate Technology in Health, Bangkok, Thailand
BACKGROUND: This paper evaluates attitudes and condom use among Thai teacher-college students, before, immediately after, and 4 months after they participated in a HIV/AIDS course. METHODS: Data were collected from students at 3 intervention and 3 control teacher colleges 3 times, using a computer system assuring anony
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3635)
Freitas MI, Souza V; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
BACKGROUND: The study was administered to the public school of Belo Horizonte, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil , with the objective to understand how adolescents notice Aids and the influence of television and campaigns in their lives, and also discuss from their points of view, the best form of work for the preve
Int Conf AIDS 2002 Jul 7-12; 14:(abstract no. MoPeD3636)
Sanchez SE, Atencio G, Grande M, Flores ME, Chiappe M, Nalvarte R, Sanchez J, Holmes KK; Hospital Dos de Mayo, Lima, Peru
Backround: In a previous study in Lima Peru , a high prevalence of cervical infection was seen among teenagers attending two family planning clinics. 26.5% of teenagers had C. Trachomatis and 6.0 % had N. Gonorrhoeae. OBJECTIVE: To compare two educational strategies: Peer Vs Standard Education in improving knowledge, r
ISSUES: AMREF supported the implementation of Soroti school health aids prevention project in 367 primary schools, 2 primary teachers colleges from 1993 to 2001. DESCRIPTION: Problem Statement-unsafe and unhealthy sexual behaviour among adolescents that puts them at risk of HIV/ AIDS and other preventable health proble
