Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA282)
Kuhn L, Coutsoudis A, Meddows-Taylor S, Mngqundaniso N, Trabattoni D, Clerici M, Shearer G, Tiemessen C, Gray G; L. Kuhn, Columbia University, Sergievsky Center, 630 W 168th Street, New York, United States, Tel.: +1 212 305 2398, Fax: +1 212 305 2426, E-mail: lk24@columbia.edu
Background: Acquired HIV-specific cell-mediated immune responses are observed in some HIV-exposed but uninfected individuals, and it has been inferred, but not demonstrated, that these responses constitute a part of natural protective immunity to HIV. The context of maternal-infant transmission in breast-feeding popula
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA283)
Teixeira L, Valdez H, Patki A, Gross B, Koup R, McCune J, Hellerstein M, Badley A, Lederman M; L. Teixeira, Case Western Reserve University, 2061 Crnell Rm 301B, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States, Tel.: +1 216 844 2057, Fax: +1 216 844 5523, E-mail: valdez.hernan@clevelandactu.org
Introduction: We performed a cross-sectional analysis to compare patients with sustained virologic responses and large CD4+ cell responses (CD4+ cell rise of at least 200 cells/uL, responders) and patients with poor CD4+ cell responses (CD4+ cell rise less than 100 cells/uL; poor-responders) after HAART. Methods: Perip
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA284)
Malhotra U, Dutta S, Holte S, Berrey MM, Corey L, McElrath MJ; U. Malhotra, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., D3-100, Seattle, WA 98109, United States, Tel.: +1 206 667 6738, Fax: +1 206 667 4411, E-mail: uma@u.washington.edu
Background: Most patients receiving combination therapy early in infection respond favorably, but not all maintain viral suppression. To address this, we prospectively evaluated 21 patients with early HIV-1 infection to assess potential genetic inheritance patterns that may be associated with virologic and immunologic
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA285)
Sinet M, Deschemin JC, Dupuis M, Dalod M, Chotard E, Meyer L, Deveau C, Delfraissy JF, Venet A; M. Sinet, Laboratoire Vni Faculte De Medicine, 63 Rue Gabriel Peri, Le Kremlin Bicetre 94276, France, Tel.: +33 1 49 596 719, Fax: +33 1 49 596 753, E-mail: martin.sinet@rb.u_psud.pg
Background: To characterize the specific immune CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses during primary HIV infection and to explore changes after treatment and their relationship to virological responses. Methods: T cell responses were evaluated in 24 subjects with primary HIV infection included in the French PRIMO cohort. Afte
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA286)
Mallal S, Moore C, John M, James I, Nolan D, Sayer D, Witt C;;; S. Mallal, Royal Perth Hospital, Department of Clinical Immunology, Wellington Street, Perth 6000, Australia, Tel.: +61 8 922 428 99, Fax: +61 8 922 429 20, E-mail: mallal@prodigal.murdoch.edu.au
Background: Nonsynonymous (NS) mutations in HIV reverse transcriptase(RT) sequence encoding HLA class I restricted CTL epitopes that lead to viral escape from host CTL responses have been described within individuals.The frequency and importance of CTL escape mutation has not been defined at a population level. Methods
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA287)
Smith K, Steffens C, Truckenbrod A, Landay A, Russert M, Al-Harthi L; K. Smith, Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Suite 143, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States, Tel.: +1 312 942 20 51, Fax: +1 312-942-82-00, E-mail: ksmith2@rush.edu
Objective: To examine the impact of PI Vs non-PI regimens on immune reconstitution, we examined T-lymphocyte subsets, activation markers, thymic size and output in HIV+ pts with VL>50. We also compared thymic output between HIV+ pts and HIV- age-matched controls. Methods. T lymphocyte subsets and activation status were
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA288)
Pomerantz R, Foley H, Schnell M, Siler C, Dietzschold B, McGettigan J; R. Pomerantz, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust St., Suite 329 JAH, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States, Tel.: +1 215 503 85 75, Fax: +1 215 923 19 56, E-mail: roger.j.pomerantz@mail.tju.edu
To develop a live-virus strategy in the development of HIV-1 vacccines, recombinant replication-competent rabies virus (RV) vaccine strain-based vectors expressing HIV-1 envelope protein (gp160) were constructed from both a laboratory-adapted (CXCR-4-tropic) and a primary (dual-tropic) HIV-1 isolate. An additional tran
Background: Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector has been widely used for gene therapy in a variety of preclinical studies. The virus has infected most of the population and never shown any pathogenic effects in humans. AAV vector which can integrate into the cellular DNA has been shown to confer long-term gene expressi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA290)
Kent S, Zhao A, Dale CJ, Land S, Boyle D, Ramshaw I; S. Kent, Macfarlane Burnet Centre, Yarra Bend Rd, Fairfield 3078, Australia, Tel.: +61 392 822 175, Fax: +61 394 826 152, E-mail: kent@burnet.edu.au
Background: A preventive HIV vaccine would be a quantum advance on current efforts to control the HIV pandemic. While HIV protein vaccines have not shown encouraging efficacy and live attenuated vaccines are unsafe, both plasmid DNA and fowlpoxvirus (FPV) HIV vaccines can induce CTL responses in a proportion of outbred
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA291)
Cardinaud S, Rohrlich P, Langlade-Demoyen P, Firat H, Lemonnier F; S. Cardinaud, Institut Pasteur, Unite d'Immunite Cellulaire Antivirale, Dpt SIDA & Retrovirus, 28, rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France, Tel.: +33 1 45 68 88 63, Fax: +33 1 45 68 88 64, E-mail: cardinau@pasteur.fr
Background: It is conceivable that a rapid recruitment and expansion of specific HIV cytotoxic T cells (CTL) after exposure play an important role in protection against HIV infection. We have generated H2-class I negative HLA-B*0702 transgenic mice and used them for comparative evaluation of the immunogenecity of poten
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA292)
Robert-Guroff M, Patterson LJ, Robey FA, Muck A, Aldrich K, Richardson ES, Markham PD, Cranage M; M. Robert-Guroff, NIH, National Cancer Institute, 41 Library Drive, Building 41, room D804, Bethesda, MD 20892-5055, United States, Tel.: +1 301 496 2114, Fax: +1 301 496 8394, E-mail: guroffm@exchange.nih.gov
Background: We assessed immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a peptide polymer (peptomer), representing the SIV gp120 CD4 binding site. The peptomer mimics gp120 alpha-helical structure, binds CD4, and contains B- and T-cell epitopes. It should elicit broadly reactive, conformationally dependent antibody, and stro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA293)
Matsuo K, Ohsu T, Kanekiyo M, Hamatake M, Hamano T, Honda M;;; K. Matsuo, JST AIDS Vaccine Project, NIH, DMSC, Ministry of Public Health, Tivanond Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 2 951 1485, Fax: +66 2 951 1486, E-mail: matsuo@dmsc.moph.go.th
Background: Safe and live recombinant vector-based vaccine has advantages for HIV/AIDS vaccine development and a consecutive immunization regimen also seems desirable for inducing long-lasting immunities against HIV-1. Moreover, highly conserved Gag antigen of HIV is one of the most appropriate candidate to induce HIV-
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA342)
Ramaley PA, French N, Kaleebu P, Gilks CF, Whitworth J, Hill AV;;; P.A. Ramaley, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 1865 287 592, Fax: +44 1865 287 660, E-mail: pramaley@well.ox.ac.uk
Background: The host genetics of HIV-1 infection and disease progression has been intensively investigated in Caucasians but there have been few studies of sub-Saharan Africans. It is unknown whether polymorphisms which impact HIV-1 disease in Western populations will also play a similar role, or even be present, in Af
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA343)
Morris L, Trkola A, Ketas T, Bures R, Cilliers T, Maddon P, Montefiori DC, Moore JP; L. Morris, Private Bag X4, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2131, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 321 4232, Fax: +27 11 882 0596, E-mail: lynnm@niv.ac.za
Background: Entry of HIV-1 into cells is dependent on the interaction of the envelope glycoprotein with both CD4 and a coreceptor, most frequently CCR5. Agents that inhibit viral entry include small molecule inhibitors, antibodies and chemokines. Knowledge of the effectiveness of these compounds against subtype C virus
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA344)
Vicenzi E, Panina-Bordignon P, Poli G; E. Vicenzi, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, P2-P3 Laboratories, DIBIT, Via Olgettina n. 58, 20132, Milano, Italy, Tel.: +39 2 2643 4908, Fax: +39 2 2643 4908, E-mail: poli.guido@hsr.it
Background: CD4+ T cells may undergo functional polarization into Th1 or Th2 cells, secreting either IFN-g or IL-4, respectively. Early studies indicated that HIV replication was impaired in Th1, but not in Th2 or unpolarized T cell clones. Methods: Infection of Th1 or Th2 polarized or unpolarized (Th0) T cell clones o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA345)
Shaunak S, Veryard C, Buttigieg K, Javan C; S. Shaunak, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London. W12 0NN, United Kingdom, Tel.: + 44 208 383 2301, Fax: + 44 208 383 3394, E-mail: s.shaunak@ic.ac.uk
Background: Many opportunistic infections (OI) induce pro-inflammatory cytokine release and promote T cell activation in vitro. We investigated the effect of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ), CMV and HSV on HIV-1 rep
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA346)
Cabana Sumsi M, Parera M, Clotet B, Martinez MA; M. Cabana Sumsi, Fundacic Irsicaixa, Hosp. Universitare Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra del Canyet S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain, Tel.: +34 934 656 374, Fax: +34 934 653 968, E-mail: mcabana@ns.hugtip.scs.es
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) resistance to antiretroviral drugs is the main cause of patient treatment failure. Despite the problems associated with interpretation of HIV-1 resistance testing, resistance monitoring should help the rational design of initial or rescue antiretroviral therapies. We have dev
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA347)
Rayner MM, Garber S, Logue K, Corbett J, Baker D, Lukac S, Powell D, Bacheler L, Erickson-Viitanen S; M. M. Rayner, DuPont Pharmaceutical Co., Experimental Station, E400/5255, Wilmington, DE 19880, United States, Tel.: +302-695-7385, Fax: +302-695-4083 or 302-571-1094, E-mail: marlene.m.rayner@dupontpharma.com
Introduction: Efavirenz (SUSTIVA(tm), DMP 266) is a potent NNRTI, which has demonstrated clinical efficacy in HAART regimens. Genotyping in efavirenz clinical trials has shown that in >90% of patients who fail therapy, a mutation encoding a substitution of K103N in the RT gene is predominant, conferring cross resistan
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA348)
Imamichi T, Berg S, Imamichi H, Metcalf JA, Falloon J, Lane HC; T. Imamichi, SAIC-Frederick, PO Box B, Bldg. 550, Rm. 126, NCI-FCRDC, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States, Tel.: +1 301 846 1910, Fax: +1 301 846 6762, E-mail: timamichi@nih.gov
Object: The purpose of the present study was to determine the impact of a novel deletion at codon 67 (del67) and a novel substitution at codon 69 (T69G) in replication fitness of these multiple drug resistance forms of HIV. Methods: Site-directed mutagenesis were utilized to construct a series of recombinant HIV varian
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA349)
Arion D, Sluis-Cremer N, Parniak M; D. Arion, Lady Davis Institute, McGill AIDS Centre, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, Quebec, Canada, Tel.: +(514) 340 8260 ext 5303, Fax: +(514) 340 7502, E-mail: d_arion@hotmail.com
Background: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is a multifunctional enzyme, with both DNA polymerase and RNase H activities. While numerous inhibitors of RT DNA polymerase activity have been identified, very few inhibitors of RNase H activity have been described. We were the first group to identify a potent small molecul
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA350)
Wainberg MA; M.A. Wainberg, McGill University AIDS Centre, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Rd., Montreal, Canada, Tel.: +1 514 340 8307, Fax: +1 514 340 7537, E-mail: mdwa@musica.mcgill.ca
The M184V mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is associated with high-level (i.e. §im1000 fold) resistance against 3TC as well as low-level resistance (i.e. 3-10 fold) against each of
Objective: To study the evolution and fitness of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 with an insertion of two amino acids between positions 68 and 69 of the RT gene and aa changes at positions 67 and 215 in an individual receiving intermittent therapy. Methods: 17-20 full-length molecular clones of RT from serum-derived viruses
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA404)
Bukrinsky M, Alfano M, Pushkarsky T, Poli G; M. Bukrinsky, The Picower Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States, Tel.: +1 516 562 94 38, Fax: +1 516 365 02 86, E-mail: mbukrinsky@picower.edu
Pertussis toxin (PTX) is a pentameric protein, which can be functionally divided into two (A and B) subunits. The A (active) protomer exhibits adenine diphosphate (ADP) ribosyltransferase activity responsible for ribosylation and inactivation of Gi-like proteins, whereas the role of the B (binding)-oligomer was initial
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA405)
Huang P, Sun Y, Chen H-C, Huang P, Lee-Huang S; P. Huang, American BioSciences, 8 Whittier Place, #7E, Boston, MA 02114, United States, E-mail: p.huang@rcn.com
Background: Lysozyme acts against bacterial/viral infection, tumor growth, and modulates host immunity. These combined effects distinguish lysozyme from other drugs. Recently, it was discovered that lysozyme contributes to the anti-HIV activity of b-core of hCG. This opens the way to an entirely new class of anti-AIDS
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA406)
Schneider J, Hahne J; J. Schneider, University of Freiburg, Department of Virology, Hermann-Herder-Str. 11, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany, Tel.: +49 761 203 65 88, Fax: +49 761 203 66 39, E-mail: schf@ukl.uni-freiburg.de
Background: The initiation of HIV-transcription is regulated by cellular proteins which bind to the enhancer region of the integrated provirus. Therefore recombinant proteins consisting of enhancer-binding and transcription repression domains can be envisaged as efficient intracellular repressors of HIV. In our model,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA407)
Everall I, Trillo-Pazos G, Kandanearatchi A, Vyakarnam A, Eyeson J; I. Everall, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, DeCrespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 171 848 04 41, E-mail: i.everall@iop.kcl.ac.uk
Background: Antiretroviral drug efficacy in HIV infected human brain has been scarcely tested. Clinical studies indicate that HAART can improve cognitive function, but it is unknown which antiretrovirals ameliorate HIV brain damage. Methods: To assess this we established an innovative human brain aggregate system. Each
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA408)
Rusconi S, La Seta Catamancio S, Citterio P, Bulgheroni E, Croce F, Galli M, Hirsch MS; S. Rusconi, University of Milan, Ospedale Luigi Sacco, Istituto di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, via GB Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39.02.390 42 676, Fax: +39.02.356 09 05, E-mail: rusconi@mailserver.unimi.it
Background: Antagonists of chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are potential antretroviral agents. We studied the combined effects of a derivative of SDF-1beta, Met-SDF-1beta, and a modified form of RANTES, AOP-RANTES. Methods: Inhibitory effects were tested with or without the two fusion inhibitors at virus inhibitory
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA409)
Lapidot A, Litovchick A, Borkow G; A. Lapidot, Weizmann Institute of Science, Prof. Aviva Lapidot, Dept. Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Israel, Tel.: +972-8-934-3413, Fax: +972-8-934-4142, E-mail: aviva.lapidot@weizmann.ac.il
Background: HIV Tat protein is a key factor of HIV transcription, an immunosuppresor, an activator of quiescent T cells for productive HIV-1 infection, a chemokine analog and an up-regulator of HIV-1 coreceptors expression. We have recently designed and synthesized a novel group of peptidomimetic compounds, aminoglycos
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA410)
Russell K, Sanchez J, Carcamo C, Negrete M, Blanco JC, Jimenez AG, Avila M, Martinez L, Serra M, Russi J, Alava A, Gianella A, Andrade R, Carr JK; K. Russell, Embajada Americana, c/o US NMRCD, Av. La Encalada Cuadra 17, Monterrico, Santiago de Surco, Lima, Peru, Tel.: +51 1 562 38 80, Fax: +51 1 561 30 42, E-mail: russell@namrid.sld.pe
Background: Genotypic differences may be reflected in antigenic differences; therefore, knowledge of circulating genotypes of HIV-1 becomes important as vaccine trials become a reality. The U.S. Navy Medical Research Center Detachment in Lima, Peru in collaboration with the Pan American Health Organization, respect
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA411)
Peeters M, Mboup S, Ndoyi-Mbiguino A, Koyalta D, Mulanga-Kabeya C, Mpoudi-Ngole E; M. Peeters, IRD Laboratoire retrovirus, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France, Tel.: +33-4 67 41 62 97, Fax: +33-4 67 61 94 50, E-mail: martine.peeters@mpl.ird.fr
Background:To identify and characterize HIV-1 viruses that circulate in west and west central africa, and to determine their relative prevalence. Methods: More than 1500 HIV-1 postive samples were characterized in the V3-V5 region of the envelope, by HMA(heteroduplex mobility assay) and/or sequencing.The samples were c
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA412)
Roques P, Souquiere S, Damond F, Couturier E, Farfara I, Dormont D, Simon F, Fleury H, Brun-Vezinet F; P. Roques, CEA, Service de Neurovirologie, B.P.6, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France, Tel.: +33 1 46 54 76 74, Fax: +33 1 46 54 77 26, E-mail: roques@dsvidf.cea.fr
Background: To study the HIV non B strains from the Observatoire des souches de VIH-1 en France to assess recombinations in a population of known date of infection. 2) To evaluate the impact of the recombination of viruses on epidemiological survey in terms of prevalence of anti-HIV drug resistant mutations in such a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA413)
Cleghorn FR, Jack N, Carr JK, Edwards J, Mahabir B, Sill AM, McDanal CB, Connolly SM, Greenberg M, Goodman D, Bennetts R, O'Brien T, Weinhold K, Blattner WA, Bartholomew C; F.R. Cleghorn, Institute of Human Virology, 725 West Lombard St., MBC Building Rm., Baltimore, MD 21201, United States, Tel.: (410) 706-1941, Fax: (410) 706-1944, E-mail: sill@umbi.umd.edu
Background:The predominant risk behavior associated with HIV-1 spread worldwide is heterosexual activity, and non-Clade B viruses account for the majority of transmission. The epidemic of HIV-1 in Trinidad & Tobago and the Caribbean shares many features with such hetero
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA414)
Karamov E, Kornilaeva G, Pavlova T, Turgiev A, Nelson K; E. Karamov, Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, 16 Gamaleya Street, Moscow 123098, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 95 190 3048, Fax: +7 95 190 2867, E-mail: karamov@invir.msk.su
Background: Although Russia is currently experiencing the early stage of HIV-1 epidemic, active spread of the virus among IDUs is dramatically changing the epidemiological situation. Methods: Sera from 2000 HIV-1-infected patients were tested in ELISA using a set of V3 peptides;
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrA415)
Williamson C, Swanstrom R, Morris L, Thomas R, Ping L-H, Pascual A, Johnston RE, Abdool Karim S; C. Williamson, SAIMR / UCT, SAIMR Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa, Tel.: +27-21-406 6127, Fax: +27-21-448 4110, E-mail: cwilliam@curie.uct.ac.za
Background: HIV-1 subtype C accounts for over 90% of infections in Southern Africa. This study aimed to identify subtype C isolates representative of viruses in Southern Africa, for use in the design of candidate vaccines. Methods: Samples were collected from 14 commercial sex workers in Kwazulu/Natal who had seroconve
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB275)
Dey SK, Pal NK; S.K. Dey, P-41/1, Nat Abar Pal Road, Howrah 71 11 05, India, Tel.: +91 33 651 34 64, Fax: +91 33 554 5741
Background: India , home to 3.5 million HIV +ives (Sero +vity rate 25.3/1000- Oct. 99 among reported 89,840), also has high TB infection rates (50% in adults). As TB is the commonest opportunistic infection (around 60%) among HIV +ives, a comparative study of disease pattern (among sero -ive and sero +ive subjects) is
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB276)
Lugada E, Gilks C, Nakiyingi JS, Whitworth JA, Neil F, Watera C, Mukasa-Monico S, Antivelink L; E.Lugada, The AIDS Support Orginasation, PO Box 12777, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 77 507 410, Fax: +256 41 321 137, E-mail: ericlugada@yahoo.com
Back ground: Tuberculosis (TB) preventive therapy can reduce HIV related TB. Successful implementation in low income settings presents many problems. We set out to asses the operational aspects of a six month daily course of isoniazid (INH) therapy in HIV-1 , purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test positive attendi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB277)
Spradling P, McLaughlin S, Drociuk D, Ridzon R, Pozsik C, Onorato I;;; P. Spradling, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, 1600 Clifton RD, Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 53 10, Fax: +1 404 639 89 59, E-mail: pps9@cdc.gov
Background: Use of rifamycins is limited by drug interactions in those receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Substitution of rifabutin (Rfb) for rifampin is recommended for treatment of active tuberculosis (TB) and when using a 2-month rifamycin/pyrazinamide (2RZ) regimen for latent M.
Background: Following results of the Cote d Ivoire cotrimoxazole prophylaxis study in HIV positive TB patients, an operational research study was launched in a rural district of Malawi with the objective of verifing the possible feasibility of implementing cotrimoxazole prophylaxis within a district set-up, and its pos
Background: The UNAIDS HIV Drug Access Initiative (DAI) is a pilot program intended to increase the access to AIDS care and drugs, including antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, in developing countries. We analyzed the sustainability of ARV therapy within the DAI in Uganda . Methods: Patients (pts) who accessed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB295)
Djomand G, Roels TH, Coulibaly M, Diomande F, Ebah L, Nkengasong J, Aka R, Monga B, Maurice C, Bissagnene E, Wiktor SZ, Chorba T; G. Djomand, Projet Retro - CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 541 11, Fax: +225 212 429 69, E-mail: agd3@cdc.gov
Background: In August 1998, a pilot program was started by UNAIDS and the Cote d Ivoire Ministry of Health (MOH) to improve access to drug therapy for HIV infection, including antiretrovirals. Objective: To describe the types of antiretroviral regimens prescribed and the virologic and immunologic response to these the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB296)
Gilada I, Bodhare S; I. Gilada, Unison Medicare & Research CentreMumbai 400007, India, Tel.: +91-22 306 16 16, Fax: +91 22 300 00 16, E-mail: gilada@usa.net; ihoaids@vsnl.com
Background: Though ARV have produced dramatic impact on morbidity/mortality of PLWHA in industrialised countries,the situation in resource-poor settings is grim as ARV cost is prohibitive.They are gullible and exploited by fake claimants.Some manage to collect ARV costs through family support/borrowings. Despite counse
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB297)
Sow PS, Laurent C, Gueye PM, Faye-Niang MA, Ciss M, Mboup S, Badiane S, Delaporte E, Ndoye I; P.S. Sow, Clinique des Maladies infectieuses - Chu de Fann, BP 5035, Dakar Fann, Senegal, Tel.: +221 825 25 47, Fax: +221 825 36 95, E-mail: salifsow@telecomplus.sn
Objective: To describe the clinical effectivness of the antiretroviral therapy (ARV) in a limited resources context . Methodology: before instituting antiretroviral therapy in Senegal , the preconditions were defined by a medical technical committee. A medical assessment is conducted for each patient before ARV therap
Objective: To determine the prevalence of ARV drug-resistant HIV-1 strains among patients treated with ARV in Cote d Ivoire . Methods: We selected all patients (n = 68) with a history of current or past ARV therapy who presented between August 1998 and April 1999 for inclusion in the UNAIDS-sponsored Drug Access Initi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB299)
Jayaweera D, Scerpella E, Lalanne R, Asthana D, Kolber M; D. Jayaweera, University of Miami School of Medicine, 901, NW 17th Street, Suite D (D90A), Park Plaza East, Miami FL 33136, United States, Tel.: +1 305 243 4598, Fax: +1 305 243 4037, E-mail: djayawee@med.miami.edu
Background: Inner-city minority patients with substance abuse have multiple problems that contribute to poor adherence to antiretrovirals. Simple and tolerable but potent regimens may help to improve adherence and outcomes. We evaluated a 2-drug regimen of RIT+IDV (without NRTIs/NNRTIs) in patients with advanced diseas
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB300)
Lunardi-Iskandar Y, Bryant J; Y. Lunardi-Iskandar, Institute of Human Virology, Basic Science, Univ. Md. Biotech Institute, 725 W. Lombard Street Rm N456, Baltimore, Md 21201, United States, Tel.: +1 410 706 09 96, Fax: +1 410 706 00 51, E-mail: lunardi@umbi.umd.edu
Background: Non Hodgkin lymphoma `NHL is one the most common AIDS-malignancies. They are often EBV-negative and the incidence occurs in 3-6% of NHL in HIV-1 infected individuals. The pathogenesis of NHL is not yet completely understood. We have developed a HIV-1 transgenic mouse model with spontaneous B-cell lymphomas.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB301)
Sitas F, Pacella-Norman R, Carrara H, Patel M, Ruff P, Bezwoda W, Sur R, Jentsch U, Hale M, Rowji P, Saffer D, Connor M, Bull D, Newton R, Beral V; F. Sitas, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Registry, c/o South Afrian Institute for Medical Research, PO Box 1038, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 489 91 71, Fax: +27 11 489 91 52, E-mail: freddys@mail.saimr.wits.ac.za
Sitas F(1), Pacella Norman R(1), Carrara H(1), Patel M(2), Ruff P(2), Bezwoda W(2), Sur R(2), Jentsch U(3), Hale M(3), Rowji P(2), Saffer D(2), Connor M(2), Bull D(4), Newton R(4), Beral V(4).1 Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Registry SAIMR, P.O. Box 1038, Johannesburg, 2000.2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Univ
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB302)
Renato M, Mongiovetti M, Vaccher E, Nasti G, Fasan M, Mena M, Di Gennaro G, Schioppa O, Tirelli U; M. Renato, Policlinico San Matteo, Istituto Malattie Infettive, Via Taramelli 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Tel.: +39 038 250 2959, Fax: +39 038 250 2959, E-mail: rmaserati@smatteo.pv.it
Objective: To determine the efficacy of HAART alone in the treatment of slow-proliferating Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Methods: A prospective study was started in June 1997 to enroll HIV+, HAART-naive patients (pts) with KS (stage I to III, NYU). Enrolled pts were evaluated at baseline and then at fixed time points for the
Background: There are few studies focusing on the effect of HAART on the response to treatment and overall survival (OS) in AIDS-related NHL. We analyzed the influence of HAART on clinical and biological features, response to treatment and OS in a series of 57 patients (pts) with AIDS-related NHL treated with CHOP bet
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB304)
Blumberg HM, King MD, O'Daniels CM, Larsen NM, Reznik DA; H. M. Blumberg, Emory University, Division of Infectious Diseases, 69 Butler Street, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States, Tel.: +404-616-6145, Fax: +404-880-9305, E-mail: hblumbe@emory.edu
Introduction: Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), we have recognized with increasing frequency the development of oral Human Papilloma Virus ( HPV ) infection among HIV+ patients receiving care at an urban oral health center (OHC).
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB305)
Moscicki A-B, Houser J, Ma Y, Murphy D, Wilson C; A.-B. Moscicki, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 245, San Francisco, CA 94118-0503, United States, Tel.: +1 415 476 5139, Fax: +1 415 502 4858, E-mail: annam@itsa.ucsf.edu
Background: Adolescents, in general, have not been regarded at high risk for anal human papillomavirus ( HPV ) associated precancers and cancers. We examined the association between anal HPV infection, squamous intra-epithelial lesions (SIL), and HIV status in adolescents and examined risk factors for anal SIL.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB352)
John G, Bird T, Overbaugh J, Nduati R, Mbori-Ngacha D, Dong T, Rostron T, Kostrikis L, Kreiss J, Rowland-Jones S; G. John, University of Washington and University of Nairobi, University of Washington, Box 359909, Seattle, WA 98195, United States, Tel.: +1 206 731 28 22, Fax: +1 206 731 24 27, E-mail: gjohn@u.washington.edu
Background: Macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1 utilize the CCR5 coreceptor for infection of cells. Mutations in the promoter region of CCR5 may result in effects on HIV-1 pathogenesis and transmission. Methods: We evaluated the effect of 4 polymorphisms in the CCR5 promoter region on maternal HIV-1 plasma viral load, m
Background: The mechanism of HIV vertical transmission is unclear. It can occur in utero, through breast-feeding and at birth, possibly by contact with cervico-vaginal secretions. This study is based on the following working hypothesis: 1) Genital shedding increases the risk of perinatal infection of the infant, 2) pla
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB354)
Wiktor SZ, Leroy V, Ekpini ER, Alioum A, Karon J, Msellati P, Hudgens M, Meda M, Greenberg AE; S. Z. Wiktor, Centers for Desease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States, Tel.: +404 639 6100, Fax: +404 639 4268, E-mail: szw0@cdc.gov
Objective: To assess the 24-month efficacy of a short course of oral zidovudine (ZDV) administered in late pregnancy to prevent mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission in a breast feeding population in West Africa. Methods: Data were pooled from two clinical trials: DITRAME conducted in Abidjan,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB355)
Gray G, McIntyre J, Jivkov B, Schorn M, Lala S, Reynolds L, Ledeine J-M, Van Beek A, Schnittman S; G. Gray, Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Maternity Sector, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp., Old Potch Road, Soweto 2013, South Africa, Tel.: +27-11-938-3984, Fax: +27-11-938-3973, E-mail: gray@pixie.co.za
Background: The rapid implementation of the ACTG 076 regimen in resource-rich countries has led to dramatic decreases in MTCT and pediatric HIV. However, these results have not been extended to the developing world where the majority of MTCT occurs because of the high cost of intervention and the logistics of a complex
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB356)
McIntyre J; J. McIntyre, Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto, RSA, South Africa, Tel.: 27-11-938-3984, E-mail: rcurry@rdg.boehringer-ingelheim.com
Background: The SAINT Study was conducted in South Africa to compare the efficacy of a short course of NVP with a short course of ZDV+ 3TC for prevention of MTCT of HIV. The assessment of safety is critical for MTCT prophylaxis. Methods: SAINT is an ongoing, randomized, open label, multicenter tria
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB357)
Francisco P, Javier E, Rosario S, Jose Maria C, Juan F, Caridad R, Jose L, Vicente A, Jose Adolfo O; P. Francisco, Hospital Marina Baixa, Partida Galande No 5, 03570 Villajoyosa, Alicante, Spain, Tel.: +34 96 685 98 47, Fax: +34 96 685 99 00, E-mail: pasquau_fra@gva.es
Background: Leishmania is a common infection in patients infected with HIV living in Mediterranean areas. We describe the clinico-epidemiological characteristics, determinants for relapse and survival of HIV and Leishmania infection in a large cohort of patients from a Spanish Mediterranean area. Methods: Retrospective
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB358)
Giancola ML, Tartaglione T, Ammassari A, Settecasi C, Cingolani A, Larussa D, Murri R, De Luca A; M. L. Giancola, Catholic University, Rome, Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, L.go Gemelli, 8, Roma, Italy, Tel.: +39 06 301-549-45, Fax: +39 06 305-45-19, E-mail: iclimi@rm.unicatt.it
Objective: to establish the predictive value of clinical, neuroradiological, virologic and immunologic variables on the survival of AIDS-related PML. Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical data collected according to pre-established protocol (demographics, neurological examination, Karnofsky, CD4, antiretroviral t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB359)
Perez H, Zala C, Ochoa C, Puente S, Vazquez M, Cahn P; H. Perez, Hospital Fernandez, Angel Peluffo 3932 (1202), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina, Tel.: +54 11 4981-7777, Fax: +54 11 4982-4024, E-mail: pcahn@huesped.org.ar
Introduction: Immune reconstitution following control of viral replication suggests that maintenance therapy (MT) for CMV retinitis can be discontinued. In view of the absence of controlled studies, clinical reports assessing clinical outcome of HIV patients with CMV retinitis are needed. Objectives: To determine the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB360)
Abgrall S, Matheron S, Le Moing V, Dupont C, Costagliola D; S. Abgrall, Inserm SC4, Faculte Saint-Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, 75 571 Paris Cedex 12, France, Tel.: +331 447 384 59, Fax: +331 430 739 57, E-mail: abgrall@b3e.jussieu.fr
Background: To assess incidence and risk factors for PCP recurrence in a cohort of HIV-patients treated with HAART. Methods: The FHDH is a prospective cohort of 70224 subjects. This study included the 485 patients treated with HAART while on PCP maintenance prophylaxis after a first episode observed between 1 January
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB361)
Hughes-Gibbs B; B. Hughes-Gibbs, Kerux/Mohau, PO Box 75222, Lynnwood Ridge, 0040, Pretoria, South Africa, Tel.: +27 12 318 6729, Fax: +27 12 318 6729, E-mail: ithay@kalafong.up.ac.za
The Care Umbrellas of Kalafong is a unique series of linked modular care and prevention programmes in support of people Infected or Affected by AIDS. The programmes were designed by multi-disciplinary teams of professional and volunteer Health, Welfare, Education, Early Child Development specialists and general care gi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB362)
Sentumbwe S, Nakazi SD; S. Sentumbwe, Centre for peace research PO Box 127 85, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 34 00 84, Fax: +256 41 34 00 84
Back ground: To identify and document innovative and new creative approaches to AIDS care and counseling that have resulted into high quality programming for People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWA). Methods: Multiple data collection methods were used which included; i) Key informant interviews with program managers ii) Focu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB363)
Hall G, Kong Bun N; G.Hall, Sihanouk Hospital Center of HOPE, PO Box 2318, Phnom Penh 3, Cambodia, Tel.: +855 23 882 484, Fax: +855 23 882 485, E-mail: sihosp@bigpond.com.kh
Issues: HIV/AIDS is devastating Cambodia , a very poorly resourced country still recovering from years of war. Increased awareness to prevent new infections and a cost effective care and support strategy is needed to meet the growing demands of the epidemic. Project: Staff at the Sihanouk Hospital Center of HOPE (SHCH)
Issues: Home based care for people living with HIV/AIDS is a major component of holistic and continuum of care as well as to utilize hospital resources appropriately and efficiently. To establish the service is complex and need inter-sectoral cooperation. Description: The explosive spread of HIV infection in Chiang Ra
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB365)
Silva C, Santos-Filho ET, Nascimento C; C. Silva, AV Rio Branco 135/709, Rio De Janeiro 20040-006, Brazil, Tel.: +552 151 839 93, Fax: +552 151 819 97, E-mail: gpvrj@pelavidda.org.br
Problem: Along the two years of a local based home care program - the Rio Buddy Project (RBP) - it has been registered a growing demand for psychological or psychiatric specialized services by the clients of the project. In this period, 34% of the clients have had this demand; among them 4% of the total clients are che
Issue: Integration of HIV/AIDS prevention into home care programme has a double effect over care and support. Description: The AIDS integrated programme of the Ndola Catholic Diocese, Zambia , has integrated AIDS prevention activities into the home care programme. 750 volunteers and 28 community nurses- all care giver
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB400)
Anastos K, Barron Y, Weiser B, Hessol N, Young M, Cohen M, Miotti P, Augenbraun M, Levine A, Munoz A; K. Anastos, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 41 Lewis Parkway, Yonkers, NY 10705, United States, Tel.: +1 914 476 8675, Fax: +1 914 476 8677, E-mail: kanasto@aol.com
Objectives: To determine the factors associated with progression to AIDS or death with HAART initiation (HAART) at different immunologic, virologic and clinical stage. Methods: In 893 HIV infected women in the Women s Interagency HIV Study with a known date of initiating HAART (?6 mo). Time from HAART to AIDS and death
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB401)
Quigley M, Mwinga A, Hosp M, Lisse I, Fuchs D, Porter J, Godfrey-Faussett P; M. Quigley, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0171 927 2165, Fax: +44 0171 436 4230, E-mail: maria.quigley@lshtm.ac.uk
Objective: To compare HIV progression and mortality rates in men and women in a cohort of HIV infected Zambian adults. Methods: Between Aug 1992 and June 1994, 1053 HIV infected adults were enrolled into a randomised trial of preventive therapy for TB. Subjects were seen every 3 months and followed until death, or cens
Background: Initial HIV-1 plasma RNA level (VL) after seroconversion (SC) predicts progression to AIDS in men; this has not been well-studied in women. Recent studies have demonstrated lower VL in women than men at the time of SC, and sex differences in HIV-1 viral dynamics. We measured plasma VL among all HIV-1 seroco
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB403)
El-Sadr W, Bebchuk J; W. El-Sadr, Harlem Hospital Center, Division of infectious Deseases, Room 3101A, 506 Lenox Ave, New York 10037, United States, Tel.: +212 939 29 50, Fax: +212 939 29 68, E-mail: wme1@columbia.edu
Objective: Controversy remains regarding outcome of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among women (W) compared to men (M). We assessed risk of progression of HIV disease or death (PROG) among patients (pts) enrolled in randomized CPCRA studies in past decade. These studies were grouped based on the type of
Background: Patient adherence to HAART is crucial to the effectiveness of the regimen. Inner-city patients (IVDU and minorities) are consistently identified as populations at high risk of nonadherence to HAART. The study hypothesis is that inner-city patients do not take HAART as prescribed and nonadherence leads to vi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB417)
Carmona A, Knobel H, Guelar A, Grau S, Mateu-de Antonio J, Lopez-Colomes JL, Saballs P; A. Carmona, IMAS, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Maritim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 221 04 16, Fax: +34 93 221 04 16, E-mail: 91422@imas.imim.es
Objective: To assess which factors influence on the survival of HIV infected patients treated with HAART. Method: The study was carried out in a 450-bed university hospital in Barcelona ( Spain ). Patients included were those infected by HIV that started HAART (2 nucleoside analogues + 1 protease inhibitor) between Jun
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB418)
Merchan-Hamann E, Vale MS; E. Merchan-Hamann, University of Brasilia, Campus Universitario - Asa Norte, CEP: 70.910-900, DF, Brazil, Tel.: +55 061 274 70 22, Fax: +55 061 274 70 22, E-mail: hamann@unb.br
Background: In Brazil , standard AIDS therapy is provided free by the Ministry of Health. A case-control study for predictors of treatment abandonment was carried out in the main AIDS public facility of Taguatinga, Federal District, in 1999. Methods: Cases were defined as AIDS patients who abandoned standard treatment
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB419)
Hogg R, Yip B, Chan K, O'Shaughnessy M, Montaner J; R. Hogg, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard St, Vancouver BC, Canada, Tel.: +1 604 631 5516, Fax: +1 604 631 5464, E-mail: ewood@hivnet.ubc.ca
Objective: To characterize the response to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy among participants enrolled in a population-based anti-HIV drug treatment program in British Columbia (BC). Methods: In BC antiretroviral therapies are distributed free of charge according to specific therapeutic guidelines. Study subjects were ARV
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB420)
Mulindwa M, Kiyimba W, Wanyana S, Kondee Pool C, Byamukama A, Mugisha E, Kityo C; M. Mulindwa, Joint Clinical Research Centre, P. O. Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256-41-270622, Fax: +256-41-342632, E-mail: JCRC@STARCOM.CO.UG
Background: In Uganda , out of approximately 2 million people infected with HIV, 850 of these are registered as taking ARV therapy. Of the 850 individuals, 550 of them are registered at the Joint Clinical Research Centre (JCRC). JCRC is one of the facilities selected by UNAIDS to carry out
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrB421)
Mannerheimer S, Friedland G, Matts J, Chen L, Child C, MacArthur R, Kostman J, Brizz B, Chesney M; S. Mannerheimer, Columbia University, Harlem Hospital Center, 506 Lenox Avenue, Room 3101A, New York 10037, United States, Tel.: +1 212 939 2948, Fax: +1 212 939 2968, E-mail: sbm20@columbia.edu
Objectives: To determine if self-reported adherence (adh) with antiretroviral (AR) therapy correlates with treatment outcome as measured by HIV RNA plasma level and CD4 count and if adh levels are sustained over time among participants in two multi-centered national clinical trials. Methods: Participants (pts) in CPCRA
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC306)
Samayoa B, Martinez M, Velasquez T, Fuentes Urrutia Z, Ramirez JM; B. Samayoa, Asociacion de Salud Integral, 1a Avenida 11-19 Zona 1, Guatemala 01001, Guatemala, Tel.: +502 220 8506, Fax: +502 251 6531, E-mail: asiagpcs@guate.net
Background: HIV counselling and testing services at our clinic covers more than the 60% of the AIDS cases nationally reported. In spite of this we determined that only the 60% of the clients return for their results. Based on this fact we decided to improve our traditional method of HIV testing by using a rapid test. O
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC307)
Farquhar C, Mbori Ngacha D, Bosire R, Nduati R, Kreiss J, John G; C. Farquhar, University of Washington, c/o Grace John, Microbiology Annex, P.O. Box 19676, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254 2 719 604, Fax: +254 2 722762, E-mail: cfarq@ratn.org
Background: Pregnant HIV-1 seropositive women often require the financial and emotional support of their partners to access interventions to decrease transmission of HIV-1 to their infants. Determinants of partner notification among HIV-1 seropositive pregnant women are poorly defined. Methods: Pregnant women attending
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC308)
Maman S, Mbwambo J, Hogan M, Kilonzo G, Weiss E; S. Maman, JHU SHPH Dept International Health, 615 North Wolfe Street Room E7141, Baltimore MD, United States, Tel.: +1 4104 315 036, Fax: +1 4104 315 036, E-mail: smaman@jhsph.edu
Background: In view of the ever-increasing and overlapping epidemics of HIV and violence against women in sub-Saharan Africa, there is an urgent need for applied research to develop interventions that respond to both problems. To examine the intersections between HIV and violence, a study supported by Fogarty Internati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC309)
Mhazo M, Moyo S, Von Lieven A, Maponga C, Bassett MT; M. Mhazo, Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Project, 103 Rotten Row, Kopje, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel.: +263 4 770 610, Fax: +263 4 749 865, E-mail: miriam@zappuz.co.zw
Issues: Lower cost anti-retroviral regimens may make feasible government programmes for reduction of mother to child HIV transmission in poor countries, but expansion of HIV counselling and testing poses a substantial challenge. Use of community lay volunteers may offer an alternative to creation of a new professional
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC310)
Mutemi R, Forsythe S, Arthur G; R. Mutemi, National AIDS and STD Control Programme, PO Box 19361, Nairobi, Kenya, E-mail: steveforsythe@yahoo.com
Background: Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) has been shown to be effective in limiting the transmission of HIV. In Kenya s most recent DHS, 63% of adults indicated a willingness to be tested for HIV. However, VCT is available in only a limited number of locations. Therefore this economic analysis was performed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC311)
Lansky A, Lehman JS, Gatwood J, Hecht F, Fleming PL; A. Lansky, 1600 Clifton Road ( MS -E47 ), Atlanta, Georgia 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 20 50, Fax: +1 404 639 20 50, E-mail: allo@cdc.gov
Backgound: On January 1, 1998 name-based HIV surveillance was implemented in New Mexico. We assessed self-reported HIV testing history, beliefs about confidentiality, and knowledge of HIV reporting laws among persons at risk for HIV infection before and after implementation. Methods: The HIV Testing Survey (HITS) was a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC312)
Van der Veen F, Joyce N; F. Van der Veen, EC/NACOP-Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 22331-Bachbrecht, Windhoek, Namibia, Tel.: +264 61 203 21 98, Fax: +264 61 22 41 55, E-mail: nacp@iafrica.com.na
Objectives: To estimate annual cost of the introduction of post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) at the Windhoek Central Hospital Complex WCHC and to make projections for the annual cost of nation-wide introduction of PEP using different scenarios. Methods: Existing reports on sharp injuries, which occurred during the perio
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC313)
Durand Zaleski I; I. Durand Zaleski, Hopital Henri-Mondor, 51, Avenue du Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Creteil, France, Tel.: +33 149 813 674, Fax: +33 149 813 697, E-mail: isabelle.durand-zaleski@hmn.ap-hop-paris.fr
Objective: Subcutaneous injections account for an increasing share of total needlestick injuries. The objective was to document the cost and costs savings related to the use of protective devices. Methods: We estimated the frequency of needlestick injuries attributable to subcutaneous injections from both published and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC314)
Benais J, Miara A, Brion S, Delaitre D, Werson P, Soussy A, Garnier M; Jean-PierreBenais, Hospital Jean-Verdier Av du 14 Juillet, Service des Urgences Medico-judiciaires, 931 43 Bondy, France, Tel.: +33 1 4802 6559, Fax: +33 1 4802 6557, E-mail: jean-pierre.benais@jvr.ap-hop-pairs.fr
Background: A procedure for treating sexual assault in the Paris region has been in operation since June 1999. It is based on a collaboration between referring doctors from different emergency medico-legal centre (5) including 6 million residents. Operating 24 h/24 h these units have received 750,000 victims in 1999 an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC315)
Friedman RK, Rodrigues J, Fernandes MN, Moreira IR, Schechter M, Harrison L; R.K. Friedman, Projeto Praca XI - HIVNET/Brazil, Brazil, Tel.: +(55) 021 5701120, E-mail: Mark5@zipmail.com.br
Background: Post-exposure chemoprophylaxis is a widely-used intervention for the prevention of HIV infection, particularly in the occupational setting. However, no data are available on the potential effectiveness of post-exposure chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of sexual transmission of HIV. The Post-Sexual-Exposu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC316)
Rey D, Den Diane MK, Moatti JP; D. Rey, Regional Centre for Disease Control, 23 rus stalislas Torrents, 13006 Marseille, France, Tel.: +33 491 598 906, Fax: +33 491 598 918, E-mail: rey@marseille.inserm.fr
Issues: Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) after occupational exposure is available, promoted and widely prescribed in most industrialised countries. With regard to the probability of HIV transmission by certain sexual or drug exposure, prophylaxis should be also considered after non occupational exposure. However impleme
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC317)
de Waal N, Cotton MF; N. de Waal, Dept Paediatrcs and Child Health, Dept Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Hospital, Parow, 7295, South Africa, Tel.: +27 219 384 538, Fax: +27 21 938 9138, E-mail: steve.ship@yebo.co.za
Introduction: Illegal dumping of medical waste occurs commonly in South Africa .Little information on management and outcome of children exposed are available. Description of incident: On 15 Sept 1999 44 children (median age 9.7 y) presented after a mass exposure incident. Used needles and syringes had been discarded
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC367)
Babiker A, Pezzotti P, Walker S, behalf of the CASCADE Collaboration on; A. Babiker, MRC Clinical Trials Unit, 222 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DA, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 7670 4719, Fax: +44 20 7670 4818, E-mail: agb@ctu.mrc.ac.uk
Objectives: Previous studies have suggested that individuals with similar CD4 count and different time from seroconversion have similar rates of progression to AIDS. We evaluated whether there was a residual effect of time from seroconversion on progression to AIDS from specific CD4 count levels. Methods: Pooled data o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC368)
Learmont J, Birch M-R, Deacon N, Sullivan J; J. Learmont, Australian Red Cross Blood Service-NSW, 3/131 Clarence st, Sydney 2000, NSW, Australia, Tel.: +61 2 9229 43 00, Fax: +61 2 9229 44 79, E-mail: jlearmont@arcbs.redcross.org.au
Background: The SBBC were infected between 1981 and 1984 with a strain HIV-1 that has a deletion in the nef/LTR region. We here examine the different responses to infection between members of the SBBC that have emerged after long term infection. Methods: Analysis of HIV progression markers in members of the SBBC to 31
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC369)
Porter K; K. Porter, MRC Clinical Trials Unit, 222 Euston Road, London NW1 2DA, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 767 047 15, Fax: +44 20 767 048 15, E-mail: k.porter@ctu.mrc.ac.uk
Objective: to compare estimates of changes in HIV survival over time derived from seroconverter and prevalent cohorts. Design/ Methods: using CASCADE pooled data from seroconverter cohorts, we examined the relative risk of death from HIV seroconversion by calendar time at risk from 1 January 1991. We repeated the anal
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC370)
Geskus R;;; R. Geskus, Municipal Health Service, Nieuwe Achtergracht 100, 1018 WT Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 555 5524, Fax: +31 20 555 5533, E-mail: rgeskus@gggd.amsterdam.nl
Background: In many HIV/AIDS cohort studies, seroconverters do not provide enough power to study natural history in case of small size effects. Often, prevalent cases constitute a substantial part of the study population, but including them requires an unbiased estimate of their date of seroconversion (sconv). Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC371)
Balotta C, Mazzucchelli R, Corvasce S, Facchi G, Dehy L, Velleca R, Mazzucchelli R, Corvasce S, Facchi G, Dehy L, Velleca R, Saporetti G, Moroni M, Galli M, Saporetti G, Moroni M, Galli M; C. Balotta, University of Milan, Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 'L. Sacco' Hospital, via G. B. Grassi, 74, 20157 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 02 382 00 319, Fax: +39 02 356 66 44, E-mail: claudia.balotta@unimi.it
Background: Conflicting data regarding the role of CCR5, CCR2 and SDF1 genes in delaying HIV-1 disease progression prompted us to study the prevalence of CCR5-D32, CCR2-64I and SDF1-3 A mutant alleles in Long-Term Nonprogressors (LTNPs) and subjects with a typical course of the disease (TPs). Methods: 77 LTNPs, 112 TPs
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC372)
Robain M, Boufassa F, Persoz A, Hubert J-B, Meyer L; M. Robain, Hopital Bicotre INSERM, 78 rue du general Leclerc, Le Kremlin Bicotre, 94276, France, Tel.: +33 1 45 21 23 65, Fax: +33 1 45 21 20 75, E-mail: robain@vjf.inserm.fr
Background: The influence of Cytomegalovirus seroconversion as a co-factor of HIV-1 disease progression remains controversial. Moreover, few cohorts of HIV-infected patients have monitored CMV serology over a long follow-up. We studied the role of a CMV seroconversion occurring after HIV seroconversion on progression
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC422)
Wawer MJ, Gray RH, Sewankambo NK, Serwadda D, Quinn TC, Lutalo T, Wabwire-Mangen F, Li C; M. J. Wawer, 60 Haven Ave., Floor B-2, New York, NY 10032 USA, United States, Tel.: +212-304-5278, Fax: +212-304-5272, E-mail: epm10@columbia.edu
Background: We assessed the effect of HIV-1 serum viral load on the rate of HIV transmission per act of heterosexual intercourse in HIV discordant couples. Methods: Monogamous HIV-1 discordant couples were retrospectively identified within a population-based trial of STD Control for AIDS Prevention, conducted between 1
Background: Male-to-female (M-to-F) HIV transmission is more efficient than female-to-male (F-to-M) in industrialized countries. We examined gender-specific transmission rates among HIV discordant couples in Uganda , adjusting for viral load. Methods: 415 HIV discordant couples were identified in a population based stu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC424)
Robson B, Smith T-L, Cotton M, Engelbrecht S, Orth H, Schaaf S, Dobbels E, Leibrandt B, Janse van Rensburg E; B. Robson, Dept. of Medical Virology, Department of Medical Virology, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa, Tel.: +27 21 938 93 54, Fax: +27 21 938 93 61, E-mail: se1@gerga.sun.ac.za
Background: HIV infection in children is acquired mainly through vertical transmission. A few sporadic cases of horizontal transmission in the household involving children have been reported in the USA and Europe. In this study we report on the transmission of HIV-1 between 2 siblings. Methods: The index case (child A)
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC425)
Porco T, Charlebois E, Page-Shafer K, Osmond D; T. Porco, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 Van Ness Avenue, Suite 710, San Francisco, California 94102, United States, Tel.: +1 415 554 9037, Fax: +1 415 431 7029, E-mail: tcporco@mathepi.com
Background: We estimated the per-partnership infectivity of HIV using data from the San Francisco Young Men s Health Study (described in Am J Publ Hlth 84:1933). Our results update earlier per-partnership infectivity studies based on the San Francisco Men s Health Study (Grant et al., J Inf Dis 156:189, and Samuel et
Backgound: To elucidate the risk factors and their interaction s association with sexual transmission of HIV-1, a cross-sectional case-control study was conducted among married heterosexual men infected with HIV-1/AIDS in Taiwan . Methods: Blood samples and questionnaires have been collected from 858 (776 males and 72
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC427)
Moscicki A-B, Ma Y, Holland C, Vermund S; A.-B. Moscicki, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 245, San Francisco, CA 94118-0503, United States, Tel.: +1 415 476 5139, Fax: +1 415 502 4858, E-mail: annam@itsa.ucsf.edu
Background: It has been suggested that ectopy is a risk for HIV acquisition. Although ectopy is frequently found in adolescents, the association between ectopy and HIV status has not been examined in this age group. The objective of this study was to examine the association between ectopy and HIV status in adolescent g
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC428)
Morgan D, Muwonge R, Mahe C, Whitworth J; D. Morgan, Medical Research Council Programme on AIDS, Uganda Virus Research Institute, PO Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 320272, Fax: +256 41 321137, E-mail: mrc@starcom.co.ug
Background: Although the majority of HIV-1 infections occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the natural history, including survival. However, it is generally believed that HIV disease progresses more rapidly in Africa. Methods: A cohort of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals was established in rural
Objective: To assess levels of mortality in HIV-infected and uninfected persons in rural Uganda . Methods: An open cohort of 19,983 adults aged 15-59, in Rakai district was followed at 10 month intervals for four survey rounds. Sociodemographic characteristics and symptomatology/disease conditions were assessed at each
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC430)
van der Loeff MS, Jaffar S, Akum A, Ariyoshi K, Sabally S, Corrah T, Whittle H; MaartenSchim van der Loeff, MRC Laboratories, POBox 273, Banjul, The Gambia, West Africa, Gambia, Tel.: + 220 - 494079, Fax: + 220 - 496513, E-mail: mschim@mrc.gm
Introduction: The natural history of HIV-2 is not well understood, but HIV-2 appears to be associated with a slower progression of disease, and a lower mortality. We compared the survival between HIV-1, HIV-2, and Dually infected patients in a clinic-based, seroprevalent cohort in Fajara, The Gambia . Met
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC431)
Attia A, Huet C, Anglaret X, Dakoury-Dogbo N, N'Dri-Yoman T, Dabis F, Salamon R; A. Attia, Pac-ci, CeDReS, CHU de treichville, BP V3, Abidjan, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 577 53, Fax: +225 212 492 06, E-mail: pacci@aviso.ci
Background: In sub-Saharan Africa where cohort studies are rare, prospective data on HIV-related morbidity and mortality are still lacking. We describe here data on natural history of HIV-1 infection among adults prospectively followed up in Cote d Ivoire. Methods: We studied mortality and occurrence of WHO stage 3 and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC432)
Cleghorn FR, Jack N, Edwards J, Sill AM, Chah J, O'Brien T, Weinhold K, Greenberg M, Blattner WA, Mahabir B, Bartholomew C; F.R. Cleghorn, Institute of Human Virology, 725 West Lombard St., MBC Rm. 449N, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States, Tel.: (410) 706-1941, Fax: (410) 706-1944, E-mail: sill@umbi.umd.edu
Background:Reliable estimates of time to AIDS in the developing world are critically important if this measure is to be used as a secondary outcome in vaccine efficacy studies being planned to involve both developed and developing countries. Since 1983, Trinidad &
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrC433)
Hira S, Shroff H, Arni S; S. Hira, Aids Research & Control Centre (Arcon), 502 Debonair Apts, Cadell Road, Mahim (W), Mumbai 400 016, India, Tel.: +91 22 444 20 28, Fax: +91 22 444 03 78, E-mail: subhash.hira@lwbbs.net
Background: To study disease progression among ARV-naive cohort of HIV-infected persons in Mumbai. Patients & Methods: Adult patients with confirmed HIV infection and presenting at Sir J. J. Hospital in Mumbai were recruited in the study. 522 patients who were followed prospectively for at least 6 months comprised
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD318)
Rotily M, Weilandt C, Iandolo E, Dos Santos Pardal M, Hariga F, Kall K, Munarriz J, Rousseau S; M. Rotily, ORS PACA - Inserm U379, 23 rue Stanislas Torrents, 13006 Marseille, France, Tel.: +33 491 59 89 01, Fax: +33 491 59 89 18, E-mail: rotily@marseille.inserm.fr
Objectives: To estimate HIV prevalence among inmates and to identify factors related to HIV infection. Methods: This study was carried out in 25 European prisons ( Belgium , France , Germany , Italy , P
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD319)
Saad AC, Bionde EJ, Veiga LP, Santos JL, Carvalho ML, de Souza Gomes J, Leandro EA, Quitete B, Santos ON; A.C. Saad, Rua Barao de Itambi no 60 G2, Rio de Janeiro - Botafogo CEP 2223 1000, Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 399 7338, Fax: +55 21 399 7339, E-mail: anasaad@netfly.com.br
Background: There are a growing number of IDUs in Brazil . From all the cases of AIDS reported, 25% are due to intravenous drug use. A recent study on the prison population of Rio de Janeiro have shown that 4% of the inmates are IDUs (1998). The aim of this research was to study the profile of the IDUs from the Prison
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD320)
Kim A, McFarland W, Kellogg T, Kent C, Kohn R, Snell A, Goldenson J, Bordelon K, Sabin K; A. Kim, San Francisco Department of Public Health, HIV Seroepidemiology Unit, Suite 500, 25 Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States, Tel.: +1 415 554 90 21, Fax: +1 415 431 03 53, E-mail: andrea_kim@dph.sf.ca.us
Background: Evidence points to high levels of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among inmates entering jails where there is an opportunity to deliver STD screening, treatment, and HIV prevention. Sentinel surveillance surveys in these facilities can monitor HIV/STD incidence and prevalence among hard t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD321)
Viana M, Gerschuni S, Dos Santos C; M. Viana, Mercedes 1877/703, CP 11200, Montevideo, Uruguay, Tel.: +598 2 408 06 80, Fax: +598 2 408 06 80, E-mail: asepo@adinet.com.uy
Objective: To know the factors contributing for PLWH s HR not be respected within certain prisons in Uruguay . METHODOLOGY ADVOCACY Based on our empirical knowledge through direct contact with PLWH who suffer loss of liberty, on denunciations of violation of HR presented to our institution, and on getting involved in i
Issues: The distribution of sterile syringes, among the injecting drugs users (IDUs), as prevention measure of the HIV and other germs of sanguine transmission have been shown effective outside of the prisons. However, the introduction of this measure in the penitentiary area is very limited. The prison of Bilbao bega
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD323)
Stephenson B, Wohl D, Kiziah N, Rosen D, Ngo B, Merriman N, Kaplan A; B. Stephenson, University of North Carolina, Division of Infectious Diseases, CB# 7030, 547 Burnett-Womack Building, Chapel Hill, N.C. 27599-7030, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 25 36, Fax: +1 919 966 67 14, E-mail: bls@med.unc.edu
Objectives: To assess the effect of release from prison on viral load (VL) in HIV-infected inmates Methods: Cases were defined as HIV positive inmates on HAART for at least 3 months before they were released and who were re-incarcerated. Controls were HIV positive inmates who remained incarcerated during the case s rel
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD324)
Kumaranayake L, Watts C; L. Kumaranayake, Health Policy Unit, London Sch of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 171 927 2176, Fax: +44 171 637 5391, E-mail: lilani.kumaranayake@lshtm.ac.uk
Background: While there are strong HIV/AIDS interventions across Africa, few are implemented at a national scale. A key priority is the rapid expansion of activities. Despite this, resources to address HIV/AIDs have been relatively limited - external spending on HIV/AIDS in Africa was approximately US$165 million in 19
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD325)
Wu Z, Rou K, Yang G; Z. Wu, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, 27 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China, Tel.: +86 10 6315 2573, Fax: +86 10 6315 2573, E-mail: wuzy@public.bta.net.cn
Issues: The World Bank is now playing a critical role in fighting against the AIDS pandemic in developing countries. This paper summarizes lessons and experiences learned in STD/AIDS intervention from the previous years of the 7th World Bank Health Project. Description: Policy development, capacity building, surveillan
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD326)
Greener R, Jefferis K, Siphambe H; R. Greener, Botswana Institute for Development Policy Analysis, Private Bag BR-29, Gaborone, Botswana, Tel.: + 267 371 750, Fax: + 267 371 748, E-mail: rgreener@bidpa.bw
Background: HIV/AIDS is expected to increase poverty and destitution in Botswana . The objective was to quantify the impact of HIV/AIDS on indicators of poverty and income inequality, and to explore the policy implications. Methods: Current HIV prevalence rates by age, sex and location were randomly imposed upon house
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD327)
Gomez M, Carson T, Carson T; M. Gomez, 200 Independence Ave, SE, Room 736E, Washington, DC, 20210, United States, Tel.: +1 202 690 11 94, Fax: +1 202 690 75 60, E-mail: mgomez@osophs.dhhs.gov
Issues: The rates of new HIV infections and HIV-related mortality among minorities in the U.S. continue to increase at an alarming pace. In 1998, racial and ethnic minorities accounted for 52% of the AIDS cases diagnosed for gay men - 21% higher than in 1989. Often leaders within minority communities carry negative pe
Issue: Networking is an essential part of a non-governmental AIDS organisation s activities. Networking with developed countries shows us their greater experience and skills, thus giving stimulus in our work and helping financially. But lots of good initiatives arise from networking with the like, too. Description: La
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD329)
Alakbarov R, Ibrahimova J, Melikov K; R. Alakbarov, United Nations Population Fund, 3, UN 50th Anniversary street, 370001, Baku, Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan, Tel.: +(99412) 922470, Fax: +(99412) 922379, E-mail: ramiz.alekperov@un.azeri.com
Issues: A first comprehensive review of the HIV/AIDS response in Azerbaijan has been conducted and became a basis for launching the response actions. Gathered planning and implementation experience is discussed both from the prioritization and impact point of view by sectors. Country specific lessons learned from intro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD330)
Bouhnik AB, Moatti JP, Vlahov D, Gallais H, Dellamonica P, Obadia and the MANIF 2000 Stud Y; A.B. Bouhnik, Regional Center for Disease Control (ORSPACA), 23, rue Stanislas Torrens, 13006 Marseille, France, Tel.: +33 4 91 59 89 19, Fax: +33 4 91 59 89 18, E-mail: bouhnik@marseille.inserm.fr
Background: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapies (HAART) have given new hope for people living with HIV, in terms of quality of life and life expectancy. Concerns have, however, been raised that diffusion of HAART may increase risky behaviors among HIV-infected persons. This study examined the impact of HAART on sexu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD331)
McDonald K, Bartos M, Grierson J, de Visser R; K. McDonald, 215 Franklin Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia, Tel.: +613 928-551-08, Fax: +613 928-552-20, E-mail: k.mcdonald@latrobe.edu.au
Background: There has been considerable public discussion on the impact of advances in antiretroviral therapy (ARV) in sexual practice, but little of this has focussed on arguably the most important affected population, namely people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Method: The `HIV Futures Survey in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD332)
Spire B, Duran S, Raffi F, Sobel A, Souala F, Journot V, Cailleton V, Leport C, Moatti J-P; B. Spire, INSERM U379, 23 Rue Stanislas Torrents, 13006 Marseille, France, Tel.: +33 4 915 989 06, Fax: +33 4 915 989 18, E-mail: spire@marseille.inserm.fr
Background: With the advent of highly active antitretroviral therapy (HAART), the issue of patient s adherence to treatment has become crucial in the clinical and public health management of HIV infection. Therefore, our objective was to assess short-term self-reported symptoms after HAART initiation in the multi-cente
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD333)
Starace F, De Gaetano A, Chirianni A, Abrescia N, Angarano G, Bonadies G, Guaraldi G, Lazzarini L, Lo Caputo S, Maserati R, Tramarin A, D'Onofrio G; F. Starace, Consultation Psychiatry Service, Via G. Quagliariello, 54, 80131 Naples, Italy, Tel.: +39 081 590 8202, Fax: +39 081 590 8430, E-mail: starace@libero.it
Background: Patient s adherence to treatment is a crucial issue for the long term success of antiretroviral (ARV) therapies. Psychosocial factors play an important role as determinants of non-adherence (NA). Methods: A cross-sectional multicentre study has been carried out in 8 Italian clinical centres to assess psycho
Background: This study examines the psychosocial factors that contribute to nonadherence among a sample of HIV-positive African Americans from Detroit, Michigan, USA. Method: Information on living circumstances, health status, and experiences in living with HIV for 60 African American HIV-positive adults (29 women and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD335)
Remien RH, Wagner G; R.H. Remien, Unit #15, 1051 Riverside Dr., NY, NY 10032, United States, Tel.: +1 212 543 5375, Fax: +1 212 543 6003, E-mail: rfr1@columbia.edu
Background: Medication adherence is an integral factor in the success of HAART. Poor adherence can lead to the development of drug resistant virus that can be transmitted to uninfected partners. Little is known about the relationship between adherence to antretroviral therapy and adherence to safer sex practices. Metho
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD373)
Gross J, Braswell A; J. Gross, AID Atlanta, Suite 100, 1438 West Peachtree Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30309, United States, Tel.: +1 404 870 77 65, Fax: +1 404 885 67 99, E-mail: grossj@aidatlanta.org
Issues: Peer education has been a successful method of HIV/AIDS prevention in the United States . ASK US (Adolescents Seeking Knowledge to Understand Safer Sex and STDs) is an AID Atlanta peer education group located in Atlanta, Georgia that works with teens to provide accurate, age-appropriate HIV and sexually transmi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD374)
Chang TK; Terence T. K. Chang, Teen AIDS, 116 Aberdeen Main Road, Aberdeen, Hong Kong, China, Tel.: +85 2 2870 1222, Fax: +85 2 2870 3623, E-mail: tchang@TeenAIDShk.org
Issues: More than 50 social group and high-risk group to be infected by AIDS. Teen AIDS Interactive Model of AIDS/Sex Education on Youth employs art and games to advocate AIDS prevention and discrimination. Art can touch the heart of youth and let them feel the need to concern and support. Art is a powerful tool in AID
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD375)
Seguy N, Nawej K; N. Seguy, Medecins Sans Frontieres Belgique, 1 avenue OUA, BP 1599 Kinshasa, Congo, The Democratic Republic, Tel.: +243 462 92, Fax: +243 883 360, E-mail: msfb.kin@raga.net
Backgrounds: a study made in 1996 in secondary schools of DRC has shown that 43% of pupils aged 12 to 16 had already sexual intercourse. In 1999, 370.000 leaflets on HIV/STD were conceived and distributed to adolescent studying in the first year of secondary schools, in 7 provinces of the country. Some schools have bee
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD376)
Gaskins S, Beard S; S. Gaskins, The University of Alabama, Capstone College of Nursing, Box 870358, Tuscaloosa,Alabama 35487, United States, Tel.: +1 205 348 1027, Fax: +1 205 348 5559, E-mail: sgaskins@nursing.ua.edu
Issue: School based HIV/AIDS prevention programs that prepare students with knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to avoid infection with HIV are encouraged and even mandated in some areas. Most programs target students in middle, junior, or high school. Early elementary HIV/AIDS education has been unfocused and gene
Issues: The region of Banfora, near the border of Burkina and Cote d Ivoire , provides workers for the agro-industrial complexes and is especially affected by the AIDS epidemic. New cases are mostly among the young. Students constitute a vulnerable group. Objectives of the intervention: i) improve understanding of STDs
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD378)
Wolf RC, Bond KC, Tawfik LA; R. C. Wolf, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 624 North Broadway, 7th floor, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States, Tel.: +410 539-6010, Fax: +410 955-7241, E-mail: cwolf@jhsph.edu
Background: The data presented in this paper point out the importance of social context and influence on youth, how social networks are related to the adoption of safe behaviors and perception of risk, how program messages move through communities, and what services and messages are being delivered during peer educatio
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD379)
Kongsin S, Sirinirund P, Jiamton S, Boonthum A, Watts C; S. Kongsin, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Med., Health Policy Unit, Department of Public Health and Policy, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom, E-mail: sukhontha@hotmail.com
Background: To conduct a comparative analysis of households affected and not affected by chronic HIV morbidity, and between affected households within communities with different levels of available services in order to further understand household s coping strategies in the presence of chronic HIV morbidity in their fa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD380)
Thea D, Simon J, Rosen S, Vincent J, Singh G; D. Thea, Health Office, 14 Story Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States, Tel.: +617 495 9791, Fax: +617 495 9706, E-mail: dthea@earthlink.net
Issues: The impact on companies of HIV in the workforce in developing nations is not well understood. Few attempts have been made to quantify the effects of HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality on the profitability of private sector firms; most were done early in the epidemic and were based largely on interview data. Descr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD381)
Greener R, Jefferis K, Siphambe H; R. Greener, Botswana Institute for Development Policy Analysis, Private Bag BR-29, Gaborone, Botswana, Tel.: +267 371 750, Fax: +267 371 748, E-mail: rgreener@bidpa.bw
Background: HIV/AIDS poses a threat to continued economic growth in Botswana . The objective was to estimate the impact of HIV/AIDS on macroeconomic indicators such as the gross domestic product (GDP) and unemployment. Methods: A two sector, three factor equilibrium model for the Botswana economy was constructed. The
Objective: To compare the distribution of HIV prevalence and AIDS defining symptoms between adult heads and non-heads of households in rural Rakai district. Design and Setting: Community-based, randomized, controlled, single blinded trial, conducted in 56 communities in Rakai district, southwestern Ug
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD383)
Lundberg M; M. Lundberg, The World Bank, 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20433, United States, Tel.: +202-473-3217, Fax: +202-522-1157, E-mail: mlundberg@worldbank.org
Background: The provision of assistance to AIDS survivors has been the focus of a great deal of operational work by international agencies, governments, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Most households receive transfers from the state and NGOs as well as from other households. How effective are these transfer
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD384)
Diaz A, DeFino M; A. Diaz, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Gold Zone, ID Clinic, Bronx, New York 10467, United States, Tel.: +718-920-85-04, Fax: +718-405-06-10, E-mail: diazaaron@hotmail.com
Issues: Research has proven the adverse results of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). The purpose of this abstract is to emphasize the importance of the MAC to a multidisciplinary team. Description: With the development of a Medication Adherence Program, a interdisciplinary team reinforces patient education
Issue: to improve the adherence to treatments, especially with antiretrovirals, in Brazil . Description: the workshop consists in sharing experiences among PWHIV/AIDS and also providing basic information on ARVs and hints to overcome difficulties in adherence. The workshop lasts 6 hs. We begin providing a historical b
Issues: Traditionally HIV infected people accessing hospitals received doctor centric care which was limited by time resources and interrested staff. Implementation of an integrated health careworker approach to care has resulted in greater amounts of information being available for patients. This has resulted in great
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD387)
Kiyimba W, Pool Konde C, Byamukama A, Mulindwa M, Mugisha E, Kityo C, Mugyenyi P; W. Kiyimba, Joint Clinical Research Centre, P. O. Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256-41-270622, Fax: +256-41-342632, E-mail: jcrc@starcom.co.ug
Background: Being diagnosed HIV positive is detrimental to the individual in our set up of limited facilities. It demands a lot of support from health care giver to help the new client cope with the situation. Objective: To help the people cope and comply with long term treatment of Anti-retroviral, the management of o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD388)
Adams IK, Rezende Vargas M, Nogueira Duarte R, Rodrigues de Souza R; I. K. Adams, Clinica Nossa Senhora Conceicao, Rua Saldanha da Gama 256/302, Belo Horizonte, M.G. 3111-210, Brazil, Tel.: +55 31 444 34 31, Fax: +55 31 442 91 82, E-mail: irenedra@gcsnet.com.br
Background: Repeated, prolonged, hospitalizations for manifestations of HIV infection were reduced in a resource poor setting by involvement of family and community in resolving social situations (food, housing, clean water, drains, family relations and chemical dependence) that were contributing to poor outcomes. A su
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD389)
Haikalis S; S. Haikalis, San Francisco AIDS Foundation, PO Box 426182, San Francisco, CA 94142-6182, United States, Tel.: +1 415 487 80 26, Fax: +1 415 487 80 09, E-mail: shaikali@sfaf.org
Issues: San Francisco offers comprehensive health & social services to its 15,000 HIV+/AIDS residents. The healthcare system includes primary medical, OPD, hospital, hospice & medications. A public health system provides free care for HIV+ residents without health insurance. The San Francisco AIDS Foundation (S
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD434)
Haoses L, Van der Veen F; L. Haoses, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia, Tel.: +264-61-206 32 00, Fax: +264-61-206 39 22, E-mail: nacp@iafrica.com.na
Objectives: To raise awareness on STD and HIV/AIDS, and personal risk factors among students, teaching staff and management of the University of Namibia (UNAM). Methods: A one page questionnaire was submitted to all students of during the registration procedures together with educational materials and condoms. Results
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD435)
Xaba N, Kunene P, Harrison A; N. Xaba, Box 198, Mtubatuba 3935, South Africa, Tel.: +27 35 550 0158, Fax: +27 35 550 1674, E-mail: harrisoa@mrc.ac.za
Background: The gap between awareness and behaviour in South Africa is well known, yet few studies have examined understanding of prevention messages. We asked high school youth for their interpretation of the HIV/AIDS epidemic s most enduring concept, safe sex , to better understand barriers to prevention. Methods: I
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD436)
Bjegovic V, Cucic V, Vukovic D; V. Bjegovic, Belgrade University, School of Medicine, Institute of Social Medicine, Dr Subotica 15, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia, Tel.: +381 11 643 830, Fax: +381 11 659 533, E-mail: bjegov@eunet.yu
Background: Numerous studies illustrate that besides HIV/AIDS related knowledge, prompt development of safe sexual practice is substantial part of AIDS prevention among school children. The objective of this study is to examine actual sexual behavior of school children as initiative step of AIDS preventive intervention
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD437)
Hausner D;;; D. Hausner, 810 Houston Avenue, Apartment 1, Takoma Park, Maryland 20912, United States, Tel.: +1 301 585 83 01, Fax: +1 301 585 25 71, E-mail: HausnerDavid@cs.com
* Background: The objective of this study was to understand the sexual behavior and knowledge of college students in an urban center in south India in the context of HIV risk, and to use the results to develop program recommendations for HIV prevention. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 35 male students
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD438)
Cunningham I, Beltrin J, Mattei H, Perez Jimenez E; I. Cunningham, 773 Ceres Dos Pinos, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00923, Puerto Rico, Tel.: +1 787 764 0000/2925, Fax: +1 787 772 1431, E-mail: icunning@upracd.upr.clu.edu
Background: Based on the results of 3 large-scale surveys at the largest campus of the University of Puerto Rico , a five-year study was developed about the construction of sexuality and gender roles and how these relate to sexual negotiation and safer sex practices. Methods: A convenience sample of 221 participants (
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD439)
Mzaidume Y, Asiedu K, Ndhlovu L, Campbell C; Y. Mzaidume, Mothusimpilo Project, C/O Population Council, Unit 2 The Oaks, 368 Oak Avenue, Randburg 2194, PO Box 2823, Randburg 2125, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 781 3922, Fax: +27 11 781 3960, E-mail: lndhlovu@pcjoburg.org.za
Issues: The gold mining industry in South Africa , employing a large migrant workforce housed in single sex hostels, is considered to contribute disproportionally to the spread of STDs and HIV infection in Southern Africa. While miners can relatively easily be reached with preventive messages and condom distribution pr
Issues: In recent years sex work migration in and from Central and Eastern Europe has been increasingly criminalised. However this development neglects that sex work migration often offers migrating sex workers access to improved HIV/STD information and increasingly sophisticated services intended to support safer sex
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD441)
Wallace J, Weiner A, Whitten W, Browning L, Canty R; J. Wallace, From Our Street With Dignity (FROSTD), 369 Eighth Avenue, NYC, NY 10001, United States Minor Outlaying, Tel.: +1 212 924 3733, Fax: +1 212 924 8086, E-mail: weinerap@idt.net
Background: Since April 1989, a mobile outreach van operated by the not-for-profit organization From Our Streets With Dignity (FROST D) has been providing services to streetwalking prostitutes. HIV counseling and testing as well as distribution of condoms and bleach kits for needle cleaning and HIV prevention informati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD442)
Zhao P, Yu H; P. Zhao, 2140 Xie Tu Road, Shanghai 200032, China, Tel.: 86-21-6404-9215, Fax: 86-21-5461-3218, E-mail: zhaopf@sippr.stc.sh.cn
Background: Shanghai currently has the highest reported STI incidence in China , to a level of 314.2/100,000 in 1998. Health services in Shanghai had significantly improved over the past decade. However, many people with STI symptoms still delay seeking effective care. This project aimed to identify barriers to the use
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD443)
Madrid Romero E; E. Madrid Romero, Brigada Callajera de Apoyo a la Mujer, Corregidora 115 D204, Mexico, DF 15100, Mexico, Tel.: +525 542 7835, Fax: +525 542 7835, E-mail: guerita@laneta.apc.org
Background: In 1995 the distribution of free condoms by international agencies came to an end, provoking a black market of condoms past their expiration date. The price of commercial condoms are prohibitively expensive for the target population of low income sex workers. Further, cultural, educational, psychological ba
Background: In many previous studies the Health Belief Model (HBM) has been used to conceptualize behavioral factors associated with HIV/AIDS transmission. The objective of this study was to examine the association of three HBM constructs Perceived susceptibility, Perceived Barriers and Perceived Benefits, and other fa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD445)
Levy J, Valle M; J. Levy, University of Illinois, Chicago, School of Public Health, Epi/BIO, 2121 West Taylor, M/C 922, Chicago, IL 60612-7260, United States, Tel.: +1 312 996 7825, Fax: +1 312 996 0064, E-mail: judlevy@uic.edu
Background: Disclosure of positive HIV status can result in negative consequences including stigmatization, disruption of interpersonal relationships, and job or housing discrimination. Yet informing others is important in notifying partners of shared exposure, establishing social service and treatment eligibility, an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD446)
Poindexter C; C. Poindexter, Boston University, School of Social Work, 264 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215, United States, Tel.: +1 617 353 77 21, Fax: +1 617 353 56 12, E-mail: ccp@bu.edu
Issue: Grandparents raising grandchildren is not a new phenomenon in the U.S.; however, it has emerged as an especially pressing problem in the HIV epidemic. Most surrogate parents for children who are orphaned by HIV are relatives over age 50. They are caring for bereaved and/or chronically ill children at a time when
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD447)
Garda L, Rao VN, Khasnis S, Raut PB; L. Garda, Kem Hospital Research Centre, Sardar Moodliar Road, Rasta Peth, Pune - 411 011, Maharashtra, India, Tel.: +91 20 625 600 EXT. 336, Fax: +91 212 625 603, E-mail: kemhrc@vsnl.com
The research paper presents the demographic profile and transmission patterns of HIV/AIDS and stigmatization and discrimination of vulnerable rural women in Maharashtra ( India ). This is based on an ongoing study carried out for formulating effective and culturally suitable strategies to combat the epidemic of HIV/AI
Issues: HIV vaccine trial participants may be subject to social harms such as stigmatization (by identification of high-risk group membership); misclassification of HIV infection status (due to vaccine-induced antibody) resulting in loss of employment, insurance, or travel restrictions; or increased risk behavior due
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD449)
Dey B, Jana S, Manna R, Biswas K, Mondal U, Ghosh M, Bibi M, Pal S, Adhikari K; B. Dey, 8/2 Bhawani Dutta Lane, Calcutta 700 073, India, Tel.: +91 33 241 5253, Fax: +91 33 241 6283, E-mail: ship@cal.vsnl.net.in
Issues: Trafficking has become a critical issue in the agenda of working with SWs and HIV. However, debate on trafficking is dominated by perspectives of non SWs, which take a moral high ground on sex and sex work without giving any voice to SWs. Sonagachi project did a research to explore what the SWs think about traf
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrD450)
Mohale B;;; B. Mohale, Health Systems Development Unit, POBox 2, Acornhoek 1360, South Africa, Tel.: +27-13-797-0076, Fax: +27-13-797-0082, E-mail: pronyk@soft.co.za
Issues: In spite of current efforts to raise awareness regarding HIV/AIDS, in many parts of Africa, fear, stigma, and denial continue to impede HIV education and prevention efforts. This is particularly true in rural areas where there are few resources for education and outreach, and where myths and misconceptions cont
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE279)
Cortez GV;;; G. V. Cortez, National AIDS/STD Program, Department of Health, San Lazaro Compound, St Cruz, Manila, Philippines, Tel.: +63 2 743 83 01, Fax: +63 2 743 05 12, E-mail: gladysvc@yahoo.com
Issues: The gravity of the AIDS threat demands strong state action. The enactment of RA 8504, the Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998, does not however guarantee that mandatory testing doesn t take place, that confidentiality is not violated, and that discrimination won t happen. The challenge of popular
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE280)
Levin MB;;; M.B. Levin, Georgetown Medical School, 1421 Massachusetts Ave., NW, #503, Washington, DC 20005, United States, Tel.: +1 202 332 32 99, E-mail: levimb@hotmail.com
Issues: The United Nation s Programme on AIDS anticipates that by the year 2005, there will be more adults living with HIV in India than the entire continent of Africa. Failure to control this epidemic will undermine India s previous successes in reducing infant mortality and increasing adult life expectancy, particul
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE281)
Philpott A; AnnePhilpott, 41 Holland Rd, London NW10 5AH, United Kingdom, E-mail: anniephilpott@hotmail. com
Issues: The interface between research and policy for one case studyx was analysised in order to determine perceptions of the relationship between research and policy. Specifically to what extent the study itself determined global HIV policy shift, in relation to the increasing emphasis of sexually transmitted disease
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE336)
Stover J, Rehnstrom J, Schwartlander B; J. Stover, The Futures Group International, 80 Glastonbury Blvd, Glastonbury, CT 06033, United States, Tel.: +1 860 633 35 01 x 202, Fax: +1 860 657 39 18, E-mail: j.stover@tfgi.com
Background: There are many measures of specific inputs to AIDS programs (e.g., number of condoms distributed, STD cases treated) and outcomes (e.g., HIV prevalence, number of reported AIDS cases). However, there are no measures of the overall level of effort made in response to the epidemic. Such a measure would be use
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE337)
Jeannin A, Schmid M, Huynh Do P, Spencer B, Dubois-Arber F; A. Jeannin, Institut Universitaire de Medecine sociale, Rue du Bugnon 17, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland, Tel.: +412 131 472 96, Fax: +412 131 472 44, E-mail: andre.jeannin@inst.hospvd.ch
Issues: Effective planning and implementation of national HIV/AIDS strategies calls for the development of methodological evaluation tools which may be applied nationwide and comprehensively regarding all aspects of prevention and treatment. Prior to the launching of a new phase of the HIV/AIDS federal strategy in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE338)
Floyd L;;; L. Floyd, Gauteng AIDS Unit, Gauteng Provincial Government, Private Bag X085, Marshalltown 2107, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 355 3394, Fax: +27 11 355 3399, E-mail: anthony_kinghorn@abtassoc.co.za
Issues: Evaluation is commonly conducted on pilot projects or sub-programmes. However, a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system for an inter-sectoral programme is not readily available. In the context of the severe Southern African epidemic, measurement of programme delivery and impact is essential to address p
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE339)
Paiva V, Buchalla C, Latorre MR, Ayres JR, Silva RC, Vilella W, Stall R, Hearst N; V. Paiva, University of Sao Paulo- NEPAIDS, av. Prof.Mello Moraes, 1721, Sao Paulo- SP- 05508-900, Brazil, Tel.: +55-11-8184184, Fax: +55-11-8184460, E-mail: veroca@usp.br
Issue: Public health sector and NGOs project initiatives against AIDS in Brazil , supported by the Ministry of Health with a substantial loan from the World Bank multiplied in the last 6 years. Gov. and Non-Gov. partnership in interventions has been considered a success, although no systematic evaluation of most proje
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE340)
Sankara A, Brown L, Castle C, Cornu C; A. Sankara, Population Council / Horizons, Cite An III, 1er Etage Pharmacie de la Liberte, 36 Avenue de la Liberte, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Tel.: +226 31 12 42, Fax: +226 31 12 46, E-mail: pcburkina@popcouncil.bf
Issues: Operations research in HIV/AIDS examines how organizations, programs, and policies work in order to discover best practices in prevention, care, and support. How can community-based organizations that are the objects of such research proactively utilize study findings to their benefit? Description: In early 199
Issues: Worldwide, the Caribbean and Latin America rank just below Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia with regard to cumulative AIDS deaths through 1999. Inner-city Jamaicans particularly reflect a high risk for HIV/AIDS contraction. Overall, Jamaica AIDS Support s Life Skills Programme aims to effect behavior chang
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE390)
Love G, Boyer AM, Floyd I; G. Love, 17-80 Istave Apartment 5A, New York, United States, Tel.: +212 348 08 37, Fax: +212 360 69 65
Issues: The status of women living in transient, commercial housing such as Single-Room-Occupancy Hotels (SRO s) is dismal. Most have been abused, are uneducated, are substance users and/or sex workers and all are HIV infected or affected. Women suffer more discrimination for being any of these than men do, in addition
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE391)
Campero L, Herrera CM, Herrera CM; L.Campero, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, Mor., Mexico, Tel.: +52 73 11 0111, Fax: +52 73 11 1156, E-mail: lcampero@insp3.insp.mx
Issues: In Latin America there are several problems related specifically to women and AIDS. These questions include the lack of visibility, vulnerability issues, the disadvantaged situation of women in the region, gender stereotyping, and the lack of a voice in social spheres. Description: GLAMS (Grupo Latinoamericano
Issue: For a long-time HIV+ people have had syndrom of dependance, sitting back and wait for the Government or Donars not only to provide medicine but also the food that they can grow. Description: In 1998 a group of positive women detested the above and came up with what have you done for yourself project The aim bein
Issues: Women s individual behaviours are often cited as the cause for their HIV infection or illness progression. HIV prevention strategies using behaviour-change models target these behaviours, without exploring the larger picture that shapes and informs individual behaviour. Description: The Listen Up! Women Are Tal
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE394)
Laifungbam DR, Singh AN, Pinto A, Singh SS, Sharma GC, Manohermayum R, Thokchom D; D. R. laifungbam, Yaiskul Police Line, Imphal 795 001, Manipur, India, Tel.: +91 385 441 339, Fax: +91 385 228 169, E-mail: coremanipur@vsnl.com
Issues: There is existing tendency to approach interventions regarding HIV/AIDS/STIs in isolated programmes. Strong cross-sectoral perspectives are still emerging. Human rights based programmes have shown sucess but are still narrow in approach when considering whole communities needs and demands. Integration into an e
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE395)
Cunningham I, Diaz-Berrios I, Cunningham EL; I. Cunningham, 773 Ceres Dos Pinos, San Juan, 00923, Puerto Rico, Tel.: +1 787 764 00 00/29 25, Fax: +1 787 772 14 31, E-mail: icunning@upracd.upr.clu.edu
Background: There are 2 major political parties in Puerto Rico (PR), the Popular Democratic Party (PPD) and the New Progressive Party (PNP), which have shared and exchanged the executive and legislative power for the last 51 years. When different parties control PR and its capital city, San Juan (SJ), as has been the c
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE396)
Quinn S, Thomas S; SandraQuinn, 318 Rosenau Hall, CB# 7400, Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599-7400, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 3915, Fax: +1 919 966 2921, E-mail: sandra_quinn@unc.edu
Issues: Political controversy has surrounded the issue of needle exchange programs (NEPs). In the US, many state legislators and the US Congress have been reluctant to adopt new legislation enabling the expenditure of federal or state funds for NEPs. Little research exists to inform the field about factors that influen
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE397)
Schoofs M; M. Schoofs, The Village Voice, 36 Cooper Square, New York, NY 10003-7118, United States, Tel.: +1 212 475 33 00, ext. 20 66, Fax: +1 212 533 32 83, E-mail: schoofs@villagevoice.com
Issues: For the general population, journalists play a powerful role in defining AIDS. And as the late AIDS researcher Jonathan Mann often said, the way a problem is defined determines the way people try to solve it. Therefore, AIDS reportage has the power to help curtail the epidemic or, conversely, to do harm and wor
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE398)
Treurnicht R; RickyTreurnicht, NAPWA, POBox 27262, Cape Town 8000, South Africa, Tel.: +021 4613770, Fax: +021 5072332, E-mail: rickyt@mweb.co.za
Issues: It is universally acknowledged that the media have an instrumental role to play in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Yet it is a role that has not been fully exploited. People living with HIV/AIDS (PWA s) have the potential to make a significant and powerful contribution to the media s response to this epidemic: to r
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE399)
France T; T. France, Health & Development Networks, 13 rue de la Fontaine, 01630 Sergy, France, Tel.: +33 4 5042 2373, Fax: -, E-mail: tfran@hivnet.ch
Issues: The notion of community is a central point of reference in relation to HIV/AIDS. But attention is diverted away from genuine community solidarity by the dominance of an imagined international community and associated discourses. Observations of rapidly expanding HIV/AIDS email forums, and the daily debates amon
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE451)
Zeitz P, Sy E, Adeyi O, Hecht R; P. Zeitz, UNAIDS, Plot No. 9350, UN Building, Alick Nkhata Road, Lusaka, Zambia, Tel.: +260 1 252 055, Fax: +260 1 253 389, E-mail: pzeitz@unicef.zm
Issue: The epidemic of HIV/AIDS is reversing decades of gains in human development in Africa. Discussion: Beyond its immediate impacts on health, HIV/AIDS undermines social welfare and threatens the security of already fragile societies. Despite the enormous needs for investments to reverse the epidemic, many African c
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE452)
Shisana O, Fasan P, Samba E; O. Shisana, World Health organization, Avenue Appia no. 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 22 791 2721, Fax: +41 22 791 4830, E-mail: shisanao@who.ch
The International Partnership on HIV/AIDS in Africa (IPAA) was established by the UNAIDS Co-sponsors (UNICEF, UNDP, UNFPA UNESCO, WHO, World Bank) and the UNAIDS secretariat in January 1999. The Partnership aims to accelerate a widened response to control the HIV/AIDS epidemic, in the heavily affected countries in Afri
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE453)
Marum E, Madraa E; E. Marum, Private Bag 240, Blantyre, Malawi, Tel.: +265 835 390, Fax: +265 624-980, E-mail: emarum@malawi.net
Issues: In resource poor situations, international donors have a key role to play in empowering governmental and non-governmental organizations to implement effective prevention and care programs. Uganda is now recognized as one of the countries with an effective national program, and the role which donors have played
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE454)
Bertozzi S, Gutirrez JP; S. Bertozzi, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62508, Mexico, Tel.: +52 7 311 37 83, Fax: +52 7 311 11 56, E-mail: sbertozzi@insp.mx
Background: With the renewed international interest in addressing the epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) comes renewed interest in the question: how much is needed in prevention funding to make a difference? The existing literature has sought to answer the question by estimating the cost of implementing a package of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE455)
Sichone M, Lintini G, Siamwiza R, Ofosu-Barko K, Zeitz P; M. Sichone, Ministry of Health/Central Board of Health, PO Box 32588, Ndeke House, Lusaka, Zambia, Tel.: +260 1 770 222, Fax: +260 1 253 173, E-mail: msichone@zamnet.zm
Issue: Zambia has a total external debt burden of approximately US$ 6.5 billion. This includes approximately US$ 2.3 billion owed to the Paris Club, US$ 316 million to the non-Paris Club, US$ 3.1 billion to multilaterals, and US$ 661 million in parastatal and private debt obligations. Annual debt servicing is now at a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE456)
Berman D, Goemaere E; D.~Berman, Medecins sans Frontieres, Access to Essential Medicines, Rue du Lac 12, 1207 Geneva, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 22 849 84 07, Fax: +41 22 849 84 04, E-mail: danil_berman@geneva.msf.org
Issue: According to UNAIDS , cryptococal meningitis is relatively easy to diagnose. However, treatment (...) and secondary chemoprophylaxis are often impossible in developing countries because of the high cost and limited availability of the drugs required. This research was stimulated my Medecins sans Frontieres physi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE457)
Palmer D, Russell A, Russell A, Love J, Davids J; D. Palmer, Mobilization Against AIDS International, 584 Castro Street POB 416, San Francisco, CA, 94114, United States, Tel.: +415 863-4676, Fax: +415 863-4740, E-mail: MobAgainstAIDS@aol.com
Issues: Health advocates, consumers, and AIDS treatment activists throughout the world are challenging neo-liberal economic assumptions that market-driven globalization will equalize access to much needed essential medicines. Critiques, especially those involving the areas of intellectual property rights and patents,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE458)
Carrasco E; E. Carrasco, ACCSI, Av. Romulo Gallegos, Edif. Maracay, Apto. 21, El Marques, Caracas, Venezuela, Tel.: +58 2 232 79 38, Fax: +58 2 235 92 15, E-mail: ecarrasco@internet.ve
Issues: Recognition of ARV treament for all citizens by the Supreme Court as an individual and social right, which include life, health and access to science and technology, has allowed the development of politics and strategies to globalize programs of access to treatment, including integral assistance of PLHAs. Descr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE459)
Achmat Z; Z. Achmat, Treatment Action Campaign (South Africa) University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 12 788 5058, Fax: +27 11 403 2341, E-mail: zackie@pixie.co.za
Issues: Access to treatment for people with HIV/AIDS in countries of Africa, Asia and Latin America remains elusive. Exclusion from public and private health care programmes is not limited to anti-retroviral access, but in many cases, includes treatment or prophylaxis for opportunistic infections. Governments and priva
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuOrE460)
Ngwena C; C. Ngwena, PO Box 380, Bloemfontein, South Africa, Tel.: +27 51 505 13 87, Fax: +27 51 505 14 22, E-mail: ngwenac@opv.uovs.ac.za
Issues: Section 15 of South Africa s Medicine and Related Substances Control Act of 1997 makes provision for the supply of affordable medicines. In pursuit of the protection of public health, it permits the Minister of Health to authorise the importation of medicines which are already registered in South Africa, but o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA2991)
West D, Hall-Steele G, Collins D, Daghfal D, Mullner M, Neelakantam N, Sandridge A; D. West, Abbott Laboratories (ADD), 100 Abbott Park Rd, Bldg AP1A Dept 93E, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6102, United States, Tel.: +1 847 938 1078, Fax: +1 847 937 8982, E-mail: daniel.west@abbott.add.ssw.com
Background: Many HIV immunoassays have relied on the detection of antibodies to screen serum and plasma or as a diagnostic indicator of HIV infection. Over time improved antibody tests have reduced the seronegative window. Since viral proteins such as the core p24 protein are often detectable by immunoassays prior to a
Objective: To evaluate two algorithms used for the screening of HIV1 group O infection. Method: Between January and April 1997, and in two provinces of Cameroon , blood samples were collected from various categories of individuals including blood donors, patients suspected of having HIV/AIDS as well as those with
Introduction: Large scale testing for HIV-1 in scrum has led to algorithms using different enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) to expedite results reporting. However, discordant EIAs require Western blot (WB) confirmation and indeterminate WB results may complicate interpretation of scrostatus. We present data on indeterminate
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA2994)
Kawata K, Ito A, Shirai A, Ishigatsubo Y, Kondo M, Saito T, Imai M, Sagara H, Sakamoto M; K. Kawata, Yokohama City University Hospital, Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura Kamaza-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan, Tel.: +81 45 787 27 21, Fax: +81 45 786 03 92, E-mail: kkawata@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp
Background: Accurate quantification of Viral load in HIV-1 infected person with subtype A, B, C, E, G and other types, gives very important information for monitoring the clinical states of the patients and evaluation of antiviral effects of administered drugs. AMPLICOR HIV-1 monitor system usually used in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA2995)
Yang C, Fonjungo P, Francis H, Ngole E, Torimiro J, Pieniazek D, Quinn T, St Louis M, Folks T, Lal RB; C. Yang, Mail Stop D-12, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +404 639 49 75, Fax: +404 639 26 60, E-mail: cxy0@cdc.gov
Background: The discovery that the central African chimpanzee subspecies Pan troglodytes troglodytes is the natural reservoir of human HIV-1 prompted us to develop screening tools that can detect all major phylogenetic lineages of HIV-1 and SIVcpz. Results: The conserved intM-Z and gpM-Z primer sets amplified 10 or few
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA2996)
Schalken J, Van Binsbergen J, Jacobs A, Reddy R, Dettmann C, Siebelink A, Van De Heijden J, Bruynis F, Van De Graaf M; J. Schalken, Organon Teknika, Boseind 15, 5281 RM Boxtel, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 411 65 43 53, Fax: +31 411 65 44 27, E-mail: j.schalken@teknika.btl.akzonobel.nl
Background: The 4th generation Ag/Ab combi assay Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II Ag/Ab was shown to reduce the seroconversion window with 65%, from 6 days to 2 days (Van Binsbergen et al., 1999, J. Virol. Meth. 82, 77-84) by incorporation of HIV p24 Ag detection in an a-HIV assay. Methods: In a continuing effort to enhance
Background: Commercial HIV-1 qualitative DNA PCR test has the potential to detect virus (proviral DNA) before seroconversion and in patients where antibody tests may be ineffective, such as patients with primary HIV infection and infants born to HIV seropositive mothers. The aim of this study was to assess the commerci
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA2998)
Imai M, Hayashi TH, Kondo MK, Nishioka KN; M. Imai, Depertment of Virology, 241-0815 Yokohama, Japan, Tel.: +81 45 363 1030, Fax: +81 45 363 1037, E-mail: imaim@d2.dion.ne.jp
Background: Blood transfusion in Japan today has become safer than ever before by 100% voluntary blood donation systems and current blood screening. However, residual risk due to donation in window period remains. Most of these donors are in early stage of HIV infection with undetectable level of serological markers o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA2999)
Mukaide M, Mukaide MM, Kondo MK, Suzuki KS, Saito ST, Kawata KK, Ito A, Shirai TS, Ishigatsubo YI, Sakamoto MS, Sagara HS, Imai MI; M. Mukaide, Center for Molecular Biology and Cytogenetics, 5-6-50 Shimachi Hino, 191-0002 Tokyo, Japan, Tel.: +81 426 483 793, Fax: +81 426 484 104, E-mail: mukaide@srl.srl-inc.com.jp
Background: HIV DNA titer is one of prognostic factor, an accurate method for measuring HIV DNA is useful in considering therapeutic strategies. Several detection systems with PCR for DNA quantification are required post-PCR manipulations that add time to the analysis and may read to laboratory contamination. Recently,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3000)
Biron M-P, Basse J, Jego J, Gadelle S; M. -P. Biron, Biorad, 3 Boulevard Raynond Poincare, 92430 Marnes La Coquette, France, Tel.: +33 14 795 61 57, Fax: +33 14 795 61 65, E-mail: marie_philippe_biron@bio_rad.com
Background: In order to reduce the window phase between time of human immunodeficiency virus infection and laboratory detection, a new generation screening assay, Genscreen Plus HIV Ag-Ab (Biorad) has been developed by adding Ag detection to Ab detection. Methods: Genscreen Plus HIV Ag-Ab is a combined antibody-antigen
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3001)
Jenwitheesuk E, Chantratita W, Auswinporn S, Vibhagool A, Sookpranee M, Leechawengwong M, Sookpranee M; EkachaiJenwitheesuk, Virology and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Department of Pathology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Rama6 road, Ratchadhawee, Bangkok, Thailand, Tel.: +662-2011369, Fax: +662-2011324, E-mail: jenwitheesuk@yahoo.com
Background: HIV genotyping is an indirect antiretroviral drug resistance testing. It is difficult to translate the results of a genotypic resistance test into a meaningful conclusion about the resistance of the virus to drugs. Thus the genetic mutation databases are important in the genotypic resistance interpretation.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3002)
Arduino R, Nannini E, Delcid R, Atkinson T, Han X, O'Brien W; R. Arduino, The University of Texas - Houston, JFB 1.728, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, United States, Tel.: +1 713 500 67 31, Fax: +1 713 500 06 10, E-mail: rarduino@heart.med.uth.tmc.edu
Background: Antiretroviral resistant virus strains have been transmitted during primary infection, but the prevalence in chronically infected patients prior to therapy has not been previously investigated in Houston. Methods: Genotypic resistance (TruGene system, Visible Genetics) was performed on plasma HIV RNA from 4
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3003)
Soriano V, Briones C, Perez-Olmeda M, Mas A, Altisent C, Domingo E; V. Soriano, Serv. Infectious Diseases. Hospital Carlos III., Sinesio Delgado, 10, Madrid-28029., Spain, Tel.: +34 91 453 25 00, Fax: +34 91 733 66 14, E-mail: vsoriano@dragonet.es
Background: Multidrug-resistant HIV variants can emerge by several mechanisms: i) accumulation mutations in single HIV genomes, ii) 151 RT codon mutation together with other substitutions, ii) rearrangements in HIV genome in addition to resistance mutations. T69S mutation plus an insertion of two amino acids (usually S
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3004)
de Mendoza C, Soriano V, Gallego O, Briones C, Barreiro P, Gonzalez-Lahoz J; C. de Mendoza, Hospital Carlos III, Serv. Infectious Diseases, Sinesio Delgado, 10, Madrid-28029, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 453 25 00, Fax: +34 91 733 66 14, E-mail: vsoriano@dragonet.es
Background: The antiviral effect of d4T seems to be compromised after the previous exposure to ZDV, probably due to a reduction in d4T phosphorylation. Conversely, recent reports have shown that patients exposed to d4T might be less responsive to ZDV, although there is no clear explanation for this interaction so far.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3005)
Soriano V, Perez-Olmeda M, Briones C, Rodriguez C, del Romero J; V. Soriano, Serv. Infectious Diseases. Hospital Carlos III., Sinesio Delgado, 10, Madrid-28029., Spain, Tel.: +34 91 453 25 00, Fax: +34 91 733 66 14, E-mail: vsoriano@dragonet.es
Background: Transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 strains seems to be increasing with the widespread use of antiretroviral drugs. The presence of primary resistance to RT or PR inhibitors is one of the main causes of failure to HAART. We have examined the prevalence of primary resistance mutations in recent seroconverte
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3006)
Marlowe N, Dileanis J, Elbeik T; N. Marlowe, Pe Biosystems, 850 Lincoln Centre Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, United States, Tel.: +1 650 554 2328, Fax: +1 650 638 6177, E-mail: marlownm@pebio.com
Background: Clinical management of HIV-1 infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy requires a sensitive assay to detect the emergence of HIV-1 resistance. To determine the performance characteristics of the newly developed PE Biosystems Version 2 HIV Genotyping System (HGS v2) on a panel of 40 cross-sectional cli
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3007)
Wilson C, Wray D, St. Clair M, Vavro C; C. Wilson, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Geographic Medicine, BBRB 203, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, United States, Tel.: +1 205 975 7608, Fax: +1 205 934 7138, E-mail: cwilson@uab.edu
Background: Numerous investigators have demonstrated potential horizontal transmission of drug resistant HIV-1 to therapy-naive populations. Since no studies to date have examined this question in adolescents, we examined the RT and PR coding regions of HIV-1 from ART-naive adolescents enrolled in the REACH project wit
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3008)
Dileanis JA, Kunstman K, Wolinsky S, Palumbo P, Huang D, Brown R; J.A. Dileanis, PE Biosystems, 850 Lincoln Centre Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, United States, Tel.: +1 650 638 5718, Fax: +1 650 638 6177, E-mail: dileanjl@pebio.com
Objective: PE Biosystems has developed a version 2 HIV Genotyping System. Clade B clinical samples were analyzed to assess performance of this modified version of the PE Biosystems HIV-1 Genotyping System at three external sites. Looseness=1 Methods: Plasma samples (0.5 mL) were tested using the PE Biosystems version 2
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3009)
Marlowe N, Hoo B, Dileanis J, Elbeik T; N. Marlowe, Pe Biosystems, 850 Lincoln Centre Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, United States, Tel.: +1 650 554 2328, Fax: +1 650 638 6177, E-mail: marlownm@pebio.com
Background: Increasing prevalence of non-subtype B strains in the AIDS pandemic requires detection of drug resistant mutations in all HIV-1 subtypes. Objective: To assess the performance of PE Biosystems Version 2 HIV Genotyping System (HGS v2) on well-characterized HIV standards from the Walter Reed subtype panel repr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3010)
Spielhofen A, Groschel B, Preiser W, Cinatl J Jr, Doerr H-W;;; A. Spielhofen, Institute of Medical Virology, Frankfurt / Main, Germany, Tel.: +49 69 6301 7747, Fax: +49 69 6301 4302, E-mail: spielhofen@em.uni-frankfurt.de
Background: HAART is able to effectively suppress HIV-1 replication in the majority of patients, as shown by plasma viral load (VL) levels below the detection limit of routinely used assays. The virus, however, is not eradicated completely and can consistently be isolated from T cells. The objective of our study was to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3011)
Gutierrez C, Marta-Belda P, Moreno S, Quereda C, Fortun J, Casado JL; C. Gutierrez, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Cra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 336 87 11, Fax: +34 91 336 86 72, E-mail: jcasado@hrc.insalud.es
Background: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) resistance to ganciclovir has been associated to the emergence of specific mutations in the UL97 and in the UL54 gene. The aim of this study was to determinate the presence of UL97-UL54 gene mutations in AIDS patients at the time of diagnosis of CMV disease and afte
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3012)
Rathore M, Gomez M; M. Rathore, 653-1 West 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, United States, Tel.: +(904) 549 5310, Fax: +(904) 549 5341, E-mail: Mobeen.Rathore@JAX.UFL.EDU
Results: Mean age of children was 7 yrs (1.2 to 14.6 yrs). The average (ave) viral load (VL) pre-GNT was 231,948 copies/mL (6,331 to >750,000). All patients (pts) were clinically stable. 19 pts were on triple antiretroviral therapy (ART). 12 pts had resistance (res) mutations to 1 drug they were receiving, 2 pts to 2 d
Background: Assessment of mutations causing resistance of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) against prescibed RT inhibitors. Evaluation of the pattern of mutations associated with resistance due to divergent data that result from sequencings respectively the LiPAO HIV-1 RT hybridization assay. Methods: From 32 HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3014)
Hernandez JE, Scarsella A, Kaiser J, Ross L, Fisher R, Johnson M, Graham N, St Clair M; J. E. Hernandez, Glaxo Wellcome Research & Development, 171 346 A 5 Moore Drive POBox 13398, Research Triangle Park NC 27709, United States, Tel.: +919 483 63 00, Fax: +919 315 60 29, E-mail: jeh60666@glaxowellcome.com
Objective: Despite virologic failure on d4T therapy, HIV-1 RT mutation patterns have not been consistently documented in isolates from these subjects. Mutations previously thought to be solely associated with ZDV, have since been observed in isolates from ZDV-naive individuals receiving d4T and are referred to here a
Objective: To characterize the genotypic resistance of HIV-infected patients in different situations of therapeutic failure and to assess the impact of this information in patient s management as compared to empirical treatment decisions. Materials and Methods Therapeutic failure was defined as the rebound of viral loa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3016)
Kiepiela P, Dwarika S, Smith AN, York DF; P. Kiepiela, Dept of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Univ of Natal, Durban, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 260 4380, Fax: +27 31 360 3744, E-mail: kiepiela@med.und.ac.za
The HIV epidemic in Kwa Zulu Natal is essentially clade C restricted. With prevalence statistics of greater than 35% in the local Zulu antenatal attendees (Dec 1999 King Edward VIII th Hospital) the virus/disease is having a major impact on the local population. The effective use of antiretroviral drugs to reduce mothe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3017)
Ansaldi F, Comino I, Gota F, Durando P, Murdaca G, Crovari P; F. Ansaldi, Dept.of Health Sciences - Univ. of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16100, Genoa, Italy, Tel.: +39 103 538 523, Fax: +39 103 538 407, E-mail: icardi@csita.unige.it
HIV resistance to antiretroviral drugs is the most important reason for treatment failure. Genotypic assays are available for detecting HIV resistant strains and sequence analysis of amplicons is the most definitive and specific assay. Expert clinical interpretation of mutations is necessary to put result in their prop
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3018)
Klimkait T, Schaub G, Brennan L; T. Klimkait, Basel Center for HIV Research, University of Basel, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Petersplatz 10, 4003 Basel, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 612 673 264, Fax: +41 612 673 298, E-mail: thomas.klimkait@unibas.ch
Background: Even in the era of HAART as standard HIV treatment and despite the improved patients perspectives, the times of failing therapies are not over: viral drug resistance has advanced to become one of the most serious threats to effective clinical management. Rapid detection and characterization of HIV-resist-an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3019)
Luciw P;;; P. Luciw, University of California, Center for Comparative Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, United States, Tel.: 530-752-3430, Fax: 530-752-4548, E-mail: paluciw@ucdavis.edu
Background: The envelope (env) glycoprotein of HIV-1 determines several viral properties (cell tropism, cytopathicity) and is a major target of anti-viral immune responses. Most investigations on env gene function have been conducted on subtype-B viruses prevalent in North America and Europe. Our study aimed to analyze
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3020)
Alfonzo Diaz M, Scott-Algara D, Blanc D, Gonzalez G, Eliaszewicz M; M. Alfonzo Diaz, Institut Pasteur, Rue du dr. Roux 28. Paris - France, France, Tel.: +33 145 668 8213, Fax: +33 14 568, E-mail: malfon@pasteur.fr
Background: Toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) is the most frequent cause of focal brain lesions in patients with AIDS, usually resulting from the reactivation of a previously adquired infection. The aim of the present study was to improve human SCID mice model to assay in vivo immune reconstitution against T. gondii in HIV
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3021)
Lamprecht J, Liebenberg RW, Freestone M, Bouic P, Clark A, Van Jaarsveld P; J. Lamprecht, University of Stellenbosch, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, PO Box 19063, 7503, Tygerberg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 21 938 9296, Fax: +27 21 933 2188, E-mail: lampr@mweb.co.za
Background: A study confirming the immune modulating properties of a sitosterol mixture (MODUCARE) in FIV+ cats, was reported during the 12th International AIDS Conference. This study was extended to evaluate the potential survival benefit to the treated cats. The model was also applied in two new studies of putative i
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3022)
Gallicchio V, Mayhew C, Elford H, Mampuru L, Greenberg R, Ahmed M;;; V. Gallicchio, University of Kentucky, Lab of Developmental Therepeutics, Markey Cancer Center, Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40536-0086, United States, Tel.: +1 606 323 11 00/233, Fax: +1 606 323 10 58, E-mail: vsgall1@pop.uky.edu
Background: Inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase (RR) has gained attention as a potential strategy for anti-HIV-therapy. Methods: Several models of viral infection (HuPBMC SCID-HIV), MAIDS, and Rauscher Leukemia were used to test in vivo and HIV-infected cell lines in vitro the antiviral effect of several RR-inhibito
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3023)
Benlhassan K, Vaslin B, Thiebot H, Neildez O, Le Grand R, Dormont D;;; K. Benlhassan, CEA Service de Neurovirologie DSV/DRM/SNV, 60-68 Avenue de la Division Leclerc, Fontenay Aux Roses 92265 BP6, France, Tel.: +33 1 146 549 469, Fax: +33 1 146 547 726, E-mail: benlhass@dsvidf.cea.fr
Objectives: In HIV infection, one of the implicit hopes accompanying early HAART is the improvement of the installation of the host anti-viral immune response. The aim of this study was to compare b -chemokine and cytokine productions during pathogenic SHIV 89.6P primary infection in macaques which have been treated or
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3024)
Otsyula M, Miller C; M. Otsyula, Nairobi 24481, Kenya, Tel.: +254 2 882 571, Fax: +254 2 882 571, E-mail: motsyula@arce.ot.ke
Background: It has been shown that serial passage of SIV can result in selection of pathogenic virus that can cause simian AIDS. Because African green monkeys (AGMs) naturally infected with SIVagm do not manifest any signs of disease, we attempted to produce a virus with enhanced pathogenicity by serial passaging of S
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3025)
Yoshino N, Ryu T, Ami Y, Shinohara K, Kaizu M, Izumi Y, Nakasone T, Honda M; N. Yoshino, Toyama 1-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan, Tel.: +81 3 5285 1111, Fax: +81 3 5285 1183, E-mail: yoshino@nih.go.jp
Backgound: The correlates of protective immunity to HIV are not fully understood. To study HIV/AIDS pathogenesis, we have obtained a highly pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) by serum passages in cynomolgus monkeys. By establishing the HIV/AIDS monkey model, we revealed that the SHIV-infected monkeys
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3026)
Shinohara K, Sakai K, Takahashi E, Ami Y, Sasaki Y, Yoshino N, Zuzaki Y, Nakasone T, Honda M; K. Shinohara, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan, Tel.: +81 425 610 0771, Fax: +81 425 644 881, E-mail: kshinoha@nih.go.jp
Background: For evaluating HIV vaccine candidates, we developed a SHIV-cynomolgus monkey model using SHIV-C2/1, a chimeric virus between SIVmac239 and HIV-1/89.6, that was obtained after serial passages in rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. SHIV-C2/1 induced high levels of primary viremia and a remarkable CD4+ cell depleti
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3027)
Ndolo T, Ellison TJ, Reay E, Dandekar S; T. Ndolo, University of California -Davis, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, United States, Tel.: +1 530 752 35 42, Fax: +1 530 752 86 92, E-mail: tmndolo@ucdavis.edu
Background: The nef gene is important for the pathogenicity of both HIV and SIV. Emergence of genetic diversity in nef gene, at the site of high viral replication in mucosal lymphoid tissue and its relevance to pathogenicity is not known. We performed a time course genetic analysis of nef variants in gut associated ly
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3028)
Chege GK, Otsyula M, Wango EO; G. K. Chege, Institute of Primate Research, PO Box 24481 Karen, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254 288 25 71, E-mail: gkchege@arcc.or.ke
Background: Heterosexual contact is the major route of HIV transmission. Although the infection of macaque monkey with simian immunodeciency virus (SIV) is the best model available for drug testing and vaccine studies, its value is limited by the fact that SIV envelope glycoproteins are significantly different from tho
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3029)
Onanga R, Poaty-Mavongou V, Souquiere S, Kornfeld C, Muller-Trutwin M, Rouquet P, Apetrei C, Simon F, Mboup SJ; R. Onanga, Laboratoire De Retrouirologie Centre, International De Recherches Medicales, PO Box 769, Franceville, Gabon, Tel.: +241 677 092, Fax: +241 677 292, E-mail: onanga@cirmf.sci.ga
Background: HIV dynamics during primary infection have a predictive value for the outcome of the disease. However the study of primary infection is difficult, only a few patients being diagnosed as HIV-infected at this early stage of infection. Animal models for the study of viral and immune system dynamics during the
Background: Polyclonal activation of B-lymphocytes is one of the basic mechanisms of the HIV pathogenesis, however, the resulting anti-HIV antibodies show no protective effects. In this connection, it is expedient to study the functional properties of antibodies, in particular, their affinity. Methods: We observed 49 p
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3031)
Andreeva I, Orlova V, Chabanaya O, Soukhanova M; I. Andreeva, Baumana 35, Apt. 9, Rostov-on-Don 344007, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 8632 625 862, Fax: +7 8632 530 611, E-mail: kiv@rnd.runnet.ru
Though the amount of specific antiviral antibodies with the infections caused by HCV and HIV is thoroughly characterized, their functional peculiarities have not been studied in full, as a result the aim of this research was the analyses of the affinity of specific antibodies with the concurrent infection HCV and HIV.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3032)
Inada Y, Lange M, Morishita T, Iwao F, Mito M; Y. Inada, Amsterdam Ave., at.114th Street, New York, NY, United States, Tel.: +1 212 523 4747, Fax: +1 212 523 3284, E-mail: yi2@columbia.edu
Objectives: Viral load is presently considered to be the best surrogate marker for monitoring the efficacy of anti-HIV treatment regimens. Ultra sensitive third generation assays detect as little as 50 copies /ml. These assays are expensive and generally not available in developing countries. A simple and economical a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3033)
Hanson CV, Morris MK, Hendry RM, Israelski D, Zolopa A, Katzenstein D; C.V. Hanson, California Dept. of Health Services, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California, 94704, United States, Tel.: +1 510 540 2630, Fax: +1 510 849 5294, E-mail: chanson1@dhs.ca.gov
Background: The strength of the HIV-1 specific humoral immune response prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is predictive of HAART outcome. Methods: Plasma samples from 19 patients - 8 HAART successes and 11 HAART failures were analyzed for HIV-1 directed humoral immune responses. HAART successes were
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3034)
lopalco L, Barassi C, Pastori C, Longhi R, Siccardi AG, Clerici M; L. lopalco, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Infectious Diseases Clinic, Via Stamira D'Ancona 20, 20127 Milano, Italy, Tel.: +39.02.2643.7986, Fax: +39.02.2643.7989, E-mail: lopalco.lucia@hsr.it
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific IgA can be detected in cervical secretions, saliva, and sera of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals with a known exposure to the virus. IgA from HIV-uninfected exposed uninfected individuals (EU) neutralize in vitro primary strains of HIV-1. We analyzed the epitopes o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3035)
Kimura T, Nishihara KN, Maeda YM, Koito AK, Matsushita SM; T. Kimura, Kumamoto University, Center for AIDS Research, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan, Tel.: +81 96 373 54 41, Fax: +81 96 373 54 42, E-mail: tkim@infobears.ne.jp
Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) decreases viral load and increases CD4 positive T-cell counts in patients with advanced HIV-1 infection. There is also evidence of immune reconstitution in some of these individuals. Inspite of general recovery of immune system, anti-HIV cytotoxic T-lymphocyte r
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3036)
Kalinkovich A, Weisman Z, Zlotnikov S, Tarrab-Hazdai R, Schechtman D, Borkow G, Arnon R, Bentwich Z; A. Kalinkovich, AIDS Center, Kaplan Medical Center, AIDS Center, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel, Tel.: +97 289 441 906, Fax: +97 289 410 461, E-mail: bentwich@agri.huji.ac.il
Background: We have reported HIV specific T cell responses in a high proportion of HIV seronegative (HIV(-)) presumably unexposed Ethiopian immigrants to Israel (ETH) (AIDS 1997, 11:117). Since the vast majority of the ETH were highly infested with helminths (~80%), including Schistosoma mansoni (Sch) (~40%), we studi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3037)
Garba ML, Pilcher C, Eron J, Frelinger JA; M.L. Garba, University of North Carolina, CB7290 804 Mejb, Chapel Hill NC 27599 - 7290, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 2605, Fax: +1 919 962 8103, E-mail: mlgarba@med.unc.edu
Background: Interferon-g (IFN-g ) has been known to play a role in the anti-viral action of T-cells. Changes in the secretion pattern of IFN-g by T-cells in the course of HIV infection and AIDS have been reported. However, no clear explanation has been given for these changes. In this study, we investigated the role of
HLA genotype is one of the host factors contributing to the outcome of HIV infection. HLA-B57 was found to be strongly associated with slow disease progression in the Amsterdam Cohort. We set out studies to establish whether the protective effect of HLA-B57 is associated with antigen presentation and recognition via th
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3039)
Barry S, Tilling R, Johnson M; S. Barry, Royal Free Hospital, Dept Immunology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond St, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 171 794 0500, Fax: +44 171 431 0879, E-mail: sbarry@doctors.org.uk
Background: We aimed to compare CD8 lymphocytes in the blood with those in the lung to see whether functionally distinct subsets exist in these two compartments. Methods: BAL and blood samples were taken from 26 patients with varying degrees of immunosuppression. Four colour flow cytometric analysis was performed on bo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3040)
Ostrowski MA, Justement SJ, Ehler L, Mizell SB, Lui S, Mican J, Walker BD, Thomas E, Seder R, Fauci AS; M. Ostrowski, University of Toronto, Clinical Sciences Division, Rm 6271, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada, Tel.: +1 416 946 58 05, Fax: +1 416 978 87 65, E-mail: m.ostrowski@utoronto.ca
CD4+ T cells have been shown to play a criticial role in the maintenance of an effective anti-viral cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocyte (CTL) response in murine models. Recent studies have also demonstrated that CD4+ T cells provide help to CTLs through ligation of the CD40 receptor on dendritic cells. The role of CD4+ T cell
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3041)
Teixeira L, Valdez H, Hamza N, Asaad R, Purvis S, Lederman M; L. Teixeira, Case Western Reserve University, 2061 Cornell Rm 301B, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States, Tel.: +1 216 844 20 57, Fax: +1 216 844 55 23, E-mail: valdez.hernan@clevelandactu.org
Introduction: We measured lymphocyte phenotypes and proliferation simultaneously in peripheral blood (PB) and lymph nodes (LN) from 12 HIV-1 infected adults to assess whether changes in circulating lymphocytes reflect lymphocyte function in lymphoid tissues, the primary site of HIV replication. Patients and methods: LN
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3042)
Moosa Y, Long M, Schuman P; Y. Moosa, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Harper Hospital, 3990 John R., 4 Brush Center, Detroit, MI 48201, United States, Tel.: +(313) 745-9131, Fax: +(313) 993-0302, E-mail: unnie@hotmail.com
Objective: To evaluate the impact of recent or ever illicit drug use on expression of CD69 following mitogen induced activation of T4 and T8 lymphocytes among HIV+ women. Method: Analysis was restricted to 37 HIV seropositive HERS participants for whom lymphocyte studies were available between 2/96 and 9/98. Lymphocyte
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3043)
Mwaengo D, Luscher MA, Bwayo JJ, . Plummer FA, MacDonald KS; D. Mwaengo, University of Toronto, Division of Clinical Sciences, 6360 - 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada, Tel.: +1 416 946 3732, Fax: +1 416 978 8765, E-mail: dufton.mwaengo@utoronto.ca
Background: To Identify Gag peptide epitopes of HIV-1 A clade presented by HLA class II molecules (HLA-DR1*0101 and DR1*0102) previously shown to be associated with resistance to HIV-1 infection in a cohort of Kenyan sex workers. Methods: Soluble DRB1*0101 was purified from culture supernatants of infected insect cells
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3044)
Ullum H, Espersen C, Pakkenberg B, Harder E, Pallesen G, Gerstoft J, Pedersen BK; H. Ullum, Rigshospitalet, Department of Infectious Diseases, Tagensvej 20, 2200 Copenhagen N., Denmark, Tel.: +45 354 577 26, Fax: +45 354 576 44, E-mail: h-ullum@dadlnet.dk
Background: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) killing of HIV expressing target cells is thought to be beneficial to the host and is considered to be a major mechanism in the control of HIV replication. However, a vigorous HIV CTL response may indeed not only lower the viral load but also lead to loss of CD4+ cells and destr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3045)
Wallace M, Giermakowska W, Jensen F, Savary J, Diveley J, Carlo D, Moss R; M. Wallace, U.S. Naval Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134, United States, Tel.: +1 619 532 7475, Fax: +1 619 532 8798, E-mail: mwallace@snd10.med.navy.mil
Background: We examined the effect of an inactivated, gp120-depleted HIV-1 immunogen in IFA (REMUNE) on HIV-specific CD4 T helper immune responses to different subtypes of HIV-1in seropositive subjects. We hypothesized that treatment with REMUNE (Zairian strain, envelope A and gag G) could generate T helper immune res
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3046)
Wallace M, Giermakowska W, Savary J, Jensen F, Diveley J, Carlo D, Moss R; M. Wallace, U.S. Naval Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134, United States, Tel.: +1 619 532 7475, Fax: +1 619 532 8798, E-mail: mwallace@snd10.med.navy.mil
Background: Lack of immune responsiveness to HIV antigens is characteristic of chronic HIV disease and is not corrected by antiviral drug therapy. HIV-1 Immunogen (REMUNE) has been shown to induce immune responses to HIV-1 core proteins as well as whole virus antigens from laboratory strains of HIV-1. Because REMUNE co
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3047)
Moss R, Giermakowska W, Jensen F, Wallace M, Chamberlin Brandt C, Diveley J, Carlo D; R. Moss, The Immune Response Corporation, 5935 Darwin Court, Carlsbad, CA, United States, Tel.: +1 760 431 7080, Fax: +1 760 431 8636, E-mail: shotdoc@imnr.com
Background: We examined the effect of an inactivated, gp120-depleted HIV-1 Immunogen (REMUNE) in seropositive subjects who discontinued antiviral drug therapy. Methods: Viral load, CD4, immune function and clinical parameters were monitored. Results: Two subjects with prior control of viremia on antiviral drug therapy
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3048)
Moss R, Giermakowska W, Diveley J, Jensen F, Wallace M, Carlo D;;; R. Moss, The Immune Response Corporation, 5935 Darwin Court, Carlsbad, CA 92008, United States, Tel.: +1 760 431 7080, Fax: +1 760 431 8636, E-mail: shotdoc@imnr.com
Background: We examined the effect of treatment with an inactivated, whole-killed immunogen (REMUNE) on HIV-specific CD8 responses in five subjects on antiviral drug therapy. Previous studies had suggested an enhancement of HIV-specific CD4 T helper immune responses after treatment with this Immunogen, and we hypothesi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3049)
Sentongo E, Okello M, Mutalya S, Mugyenyi P, Ellner J, Cao H; E. Sentongo, Joint Clinical Research Center, PO Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 342 521, Fax: +256 41 342 632, E-mail: alvac@imul.com
Infection with HIV-1 is characterized by a decline in CD4 cell count and impairment of CD4 function. Although the exact role of T helper cells in the pathogenesis of HIV infection has not been well defined, the relative lack of virus-specific helper cells represents a prominent defect in the immunological repertoire.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3050)
Ffrench R, Keoshkerian E, Ashton L, Smith D, Ziegler J, Stewart G, Cooper D, Kaldor J; R. Ffrench, Sydney Children's Hospital, High St, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia, Tel.: +61 2 9382 1790, Fax: +61 2 9382 1574, E-mail: r.ffrench@unsw.edu.au
Background: To assess ex vivo effector cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in thirty-seven individuals from the Australian LTNP Cohort. Methods: Effector cytotoxic T cell (CTL) activity was determined using a standard chromium release assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used as the effectors and autologous
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3051)
Addo MM, Altfeld M, Rosenberg ES, Brander C, Trocha AK, Poon SH, Phillips MN, Goulder PJ, Walker BD; M.M. Addo, 149 13th Street, ID Unit, 5th floor, Charlestown, MA 02129-2000, United States, Tel.: +1 617 724 2461, Fax: +1 617 726 5411, E-mail: addo@helix.mgh.harvard.edu
Background: The HIV-1 regulatory proteins Rev and Tat are considered potential targets for the development of a multicomponent vaccine against HIV-1-infection. The extent to which these proteins are targeted in natural infection as well as precise epitopes recognized by CTL remain to be defined. Methods: Interferon-gam
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3052)
Kashamuka M, Ndongala L, Nzila N, Losoma A, Mussey K, Milangu M, Bollinger R, Quinn T; M. Kashamuka, Projet SIDA Kishasa, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross 1150, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 0990, Fax: +1 410 614 9775, E-mail: kmwandag@jhsph.edu
Recognition of Highly Conserved HIV-1 Subtype A gag T Cell Epitopes in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Background: Characterization of HIV-1-specific T cell responses that are present in patients infected with non-subtype B HIV-1, as well as in patients from non-Western countries may be important to the design and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3053)
Kamin-Lewis R, Baker A, Abdel-Waheb S, Trang C, De Vico A, Cleghorn F, Lewis G, Blattner W; R. Kamin-Lewis, Institute of Human Virology, 725 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore MD 21201, United States, Tel.: +1 410 706 4686, Fax: +1 410 706 4694, E-mail: kaminlew@umbi.umd.edu
Background: Recently the synthesis of antiviral b-chemokines has joined cytolysis by CTLs as a potential additional mechanism for the control of HIV-1 infection by CD8+ T cells. Currently it is not known whether lysis of HIV-infected cells by CTL and the synthesis of b-chemokines are congruent functions that always ma
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3054)
Buranapradiktun S, Ruxrungtham K, Warachit P, Honda M, Phanuphak P; S. Buranapradiktun, Dept of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn, Bangkok 10330 University, Thailand, Tel.: +662 254 2323, Fax: +662 254 7577, E-mail: bsuprane@chula.ac.th
Background: There are 2 clades of HIV-1: E/A and B (B > B) found in Thailand . Cross-clade CTL study and epitope mapping are warranted for HIV vaccine development to be tested in Thailand. Objectives: To find the prevalence of cross-clade CTL activities in HIV-infected Thais with CD4+ > 300 cell/m l. And to identify c
Background. Prolactin(PRL)is recognized as a cytokine and persistent immune activation is a common immunopathogenic feature of human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV). However,the onset of hyperprolactinemia (hyper-PRL) during the HIV-infection remains controversial. Because PRL exerts endocrinological and immunol
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3056)
Carmena J, Leon P, Alcaraz MJ, Jordan M, Orengo T, Bertolin B, Perez C, Monzon MS, Macia M, Morales E; J. Carmena, Hospital universitario Dr Peset, c/ Gaspar Aguilar n90, 46017 Valencia, Spain, Tel.: +34 96 98 7559, E-mail: jcarmena@provicom.com
Objective: To study of the increase of the fas and CD28+ receptors in CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in HIV patients treated with HAART. Method: Prospective cohorts study of 130 patients HIV patients treated with HAART: triple therapies of ritonavir (RTV) n = 27,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3057)
Ujhelyi E, Banhegyi D, Horvath A, Fust G, Prohaszka Z, Horvath I; E. Ujhelyi, St. Lbszle Hospital, Budapest, Gybli t 5-7, H-1097, Hungary, Tel.: +36 1 455 8152, Fax: +36 1 455 8254, E-mail: ester@elender.hu
Background: HIV disease is often associated with lipid-disorders. In the infected patients the serum triglyceride level elevates with the progression of the disease while serum cholesterol level decreases. Patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may develop peripheral lipodistrophy with the
Background: Specific receptors interacting with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules have been found on human natural killer (NK) cells. Usually they inhibit NK cytolysis, being thus defined killer inhibitory receptors (KIR). In normal donors they can be rarely detected also on the surface of T lymp
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3059)
McCallister S, Hasbani K, Schutz M, Siegerl J, Landay A; S. McCallister, Illinois Masonic Medical Center, 938 W Nelson Ave., Chicago IL 60657, United States, Tel.: +1 773 296 8400, Fax: +1 773 296 8401, E-mail: smccallister@immc.org
Background: People with HIV who have undetectable viremia are unlikely to progress. We evaluated the immune function of non-progressing HIV+ adults not taking HAART, yet lacking detectable plasma viremia, and compared them to drug-naive HIV+ adults with viral load (VL) > 400 and to drug-experienced HIV+ adults with VL
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3060)
Carlesimo M, Bernardi ML, Marziali M, Ferrara R, Fezza R, Alario C, Aiuti F; M. Carlesimo, University of Rome, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Viale dell'Universite 37, 00185, Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 64 997 20 17, Fax: +39 64 46 62 09, E-mail: mezzaroma@uniroma1.it
Background: To investigate whether highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) could improve CD28 molecule expression and CD28-costimulation pathway function we tested the effect of CD28-costimulation on T cell receptor/CD3 induced proliferative responses in a group of 20 HIV-1-infected subjects before and after HAART
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3061)
Aries SP, Moellers M, Schaaf B, Dennin RH, Dalhoff K; S.P. Aries, Med. Dept. II, Medical University Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany, Tel.: +49 451 500 6330, Fax: +49 451 500 6558, E-mail: aries@medinf.mu-luebeck.de
Background: The lung is the main target for opportunistic pathogens in HIV infection. The aim of this study was to elucidate local cellular and virological factors that contribute to the development of AIDS defining events of the lung. Methods: We investigated T cell cytokine production on a cell by cell basis, T cell
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3062)
Carbone J, Gil J, Benito JM, Fernandez-Cruz E; J. Carbone, Dr. Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid Spain, Spain, Tel.: +34 915 868 423, Fax: +34 915 866 698, E-mail: carbone@teleline.es
Background: Few studies have characterized the alterations whithin the functionally distinct subsets of CD4 and CD8 T-cells in LTNPs. Methods: We have studied a group of 6 LTNPs with the following criteria: asymptomatic state, a long history of documented HIV infection (at last 10 years from seroconversion), CD4+ cell
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3063)
Deshpande A, Briggs D, Benzhoff A; A. Deshpande, Grant Medical College,Sir J JHospital, A/8,Shri Sahawas,90 feet Road, Ghatkopar East, Mumbai (Bombay)-400 077, India, Tel.: +91 22 5158080, Fax: +91 22 3703696, E-mail: satishvaidya@hotmail.com
Background: In the developing world, in addition to O.Is, HIV infected cases are vulnerable to several air, water and vector borne infections. Protection by immunization wherever possible is indicated. India is affected by hyperenzootic canine rabies. Over a million Indians every year take PEP against rabies and 30,00
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3064)
Horvath A, Ujhelyi E, Banhegyi D, Horvath I, Karadi I, Veres A, Horvath L, Prohaszka Z, Fnst G; A. Horvath, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest H-1125, Ktvlgyi t 4., Hungary, Tel.: +36 1 355 11 22, Fax: +32 1 212 93 51, E-mail: horann@kut.sote.hu
Background: HIV disease is often associated with lipid-disorders. In the infected patients the serum triglyceride level elevates with the progression of the disease while serum cholesterol level decreases. Patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may develop peripheral lipodistrophy with the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3065)
Miao Y, Hayes P, Gotch F, Gazzard B; Y. Miao, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0181 746 5610, Fax: +44 0181 746 8537, E-mail: sandra.mead@chelwestd.org
Objective: The gut CD4 T cell population is reduced in AIDS. We sought to determine whether lymphocyte migration to the gut is impaired and if gut CD4 T cell numbers are restored by HAART. Methods: HAART-naive AIDS patients were recruited in to the study. CD4 T cell numbers and adhesion molecule expression were assesse
The aim of this study was to investigate the balance of T- cell subsets in the peripheral blood in the course of HAART. We followed 28 naive patients for 9 months after initiation of anti-retroviral treatment with retrovir, epivir and invirase . Three color staining was used for detailed phenotyping of CD4(+) and CD
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3067)
Jr. Lab. AIDS and molecular immuno NI; N.I. Jr.Lab. AIDS and molecular immuno, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Av. Brasil, 4365 - Manguinhos, CEP: 21045900, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 280 14 86, Fax: +55 21 280 15 89, E-mail: ivanjunior@hotmail.com
Neves, I Jr., Campos-Mello, DLA., Arabe J., Linhares de Carvalho, MI, Moraes de Sa, CA, Evandro Chagas Hospital Research Group & Morgado MG. The Co-stimulatory molecules have been an important role on antigen presentation . CD80 and CD86 molecules are present on the antigen presentation cells and for an optimal act
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3069)
Valentin A, Patenaude D, George N P; A. Valentin, National Cancer Institute, Sultan Street Blg 535 Rm 210, NCIFCRDC, Frederick MD 21702, United States, Tel.: +001 301 846 1859, Fax: +011 301 846 6368, E-mail: valenina@mail.ncifcrf.gov
Background: Progression towards AIDS is associated with changes in lymphocyte homeostasis. Identification of lymphocyte populations present specifically in HIV-1 infection may contribute to the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms associated with HIV-1 disease, and to the rational design of immune based therapies
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3070)
Choremi-Papadopoulou H, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kontopidou F, Panagiotou N, Kordossis TH; H. Choremi-Papadopoulou, Immunology dept Laiko General Hospital, Agiou Thoma 17 Goudi, Athens 11527, Greece, Tel.: +301 779 5964, Fax: +301 775 7442
Background: Highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in HIV-1 infection has a great effect in immune reconstitution that concerns the phenotype of both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets as well as their immune function. As patients receiving HAART are either naive or previously treated with nucleoside analogues
Background: To evaluate the role of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) in immune reconstitution as measured by its effect on terminal restriction fragment (TRF) lengths, HIV-specific T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CTL), nonspecific natural killer (NK) activity, proliferative responses and various lymphocyte subpopulations. Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3072)
Kolesnikova I, Tchumakova E, Plavan V, Novikova L; I. Kolesnikova, Sovjetskaya 14/2, Apt. 28, Rostov-on-Don 344019, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 8632 654 441, Fax: +7 8632 530 611
As the apoptosis is one of the basic mechanisms in a pathogenesis of immunosupression at a HIV-infection is very interesting the study of features of immunocompetent cells apoptosis, in particular CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes. With this purpose 15 HIV-infected patients at the stage III (CDC) were examined. The amount of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3073)
De Lucca Fl, Voltarelli JC, Palma PV, Covas DT, Watanabe MA;;; F.l.De Lucca, School of Medicine - USP, Av. Bandeirantes - 39000, 14049-900 Ribeirao Preto, S.P., Brazil, Tel.: +55-16-6023259, Fax: +55-16-6336840, E-mail: fldlucca@fmrp.usp.br
Background: Recent studies have showed that RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) triggers apoptosis through upregulation of Fas receptor. The Fas-mediated apoptosis is one of the mechanisms that HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) kill target cells. Our previous results indicated that the polyA(+) p9RNA from huma
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3074)
Shestakova I, Tkaeheva T, Nikulina V; I. Shestakova, Mechnikova 122 apt 36, Rostov on don, Russian Federation, Tel.: +78 632 65 44 41, Fax: +78 632 53 06 11
To identify associative links of HLA antigenes with HIV infection at patients parentherally infected with subtype G (101 patients) & subtipe A (117 patiets) typing of HLA antygenes was conducted in the course of microlymphocytotoxic test in accord with Terasaki P. (1968) technology by using the set of typing antise
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3075)
Hazenberg M, Otto S, Borleffs J, Rinke de Wit T, Hamann D, De Boer R, Miedema F; M.Hazenberg, CLB, Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 512 32 61, Fax: +31 20 512 33 10, E-mail: m_hazenberg@clb.nl
Objective: Recent thymic emigrants can be identified by T Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) formed during T cell receptor rearrangement. Decreasing numbers of TRECs have been observed with ageing and in HIV-1 infected individuals, suggesting that thymic impairment is involved in HIV-1 pathogenesis. However, TRECs
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3076)
Garcia R, Aceituno E, Jimenez A, Subira D, Castaeon S, Gorgolas M, Fdez-Guerrero M; R. Garcia, Immunology, Immunology, Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 1 5504891, Fax: +34 1 5444286, E-mail: rgarcia@fjd.es
Title: Effect of circulating immune complexes from HIV-1+ patients in the translocation of NF-kB in normal and HIV-infected lymphocytes stimulated with PHA Background: Isolated circulating immune-complexes from sera of HIV-1+positive (CIC-HIV) patients bind normal and HIV infected peripheral blood lymphocytes, inhibiti
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3077)
Stranford S, Ong J, Swanson M, Kahn J, Hecht F, Levy J; S. Stranford, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus, S1280, Box 1270, San Francisco, CA 94122, United States, Tel.: +1 415-476-4071, Fax: +1 415-476-8365, E-mail: levylab@itsa.ucsf.edu
Background: Individuals reporting recent exposure to HIV are entered in the Options Project at UCSF for acute/primary infection. After assessing their status (HIV RNA present with negative or indeterminate anti-HIV antibody or recent HIV antibody seroconversion), they were given a choice of highly active antiviral the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3078)
De Lucca F; F. De Lucca, FMRP-USP, Av. Band. 3900, Brazil, Fax: +55 16 633 68 40, E-mail: fldlucca@fmrp.usp.br
Background: The NTT (noncoding transcript in T cells) gene is expressed only in activated human CD4+ T cells and its function is unknown. It is possible that the NTT transcript which is polyadenylated and not translated acts as a regulatory RNA. There is compelling evidence that depletion of CD4+ T cells in HIV-infecte
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3079)
Kaleebu P, French N, Mahe C, Yirrell D, Watera C, Lyagoba F, Rutebemberwa A, Gilks C, Whitworth J; P. Kaleebu, MRC/Uganda Virus Research Institute, PO Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 32 00 42 or 32 02 72, Fax: +256 41 32 11 37 or 32 14 61, E-mail: mrc@starcom.co.ug
Background: The relevance of HIV-1 subtypes on disease progression has been of great interest. Up to now only few prospective cohort studies with relatively small numbers of participants have been studied with conflicting results. We now report a study looking at HIV-1 disease progression and viral subtypes A and D in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3080)
Al-Harthi L, Sullivan YB, Landay A; L. Al-Harthi, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Rm. 1577 JSC, Chicago, IL 60612, United States, Tel.: +1 312 942 6554, Fax: +1 312 942 2808, E-mail: lalharth@rush.edu
During T cell development in the thymus, a double positive (CD4+ CD8+) T cell stage exists. T cell maturation leads to the generation of distinct CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations, with differential immunological functions. However, we demonstrate that anti- CD3/CD28 co-stimulation and superantigen (SEB) stimulation of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3081)
Alabi AS, Blanchard T, Ariyoshi K, Berry N, Jaye A, Whittle H; A. S. Alabi, MRC Laboratories, PO Box 273, Banjul, Gambia, Tel.: +220 495 442, Fax: +220 496 513, E-mail: aalabi@mrc.gm
Background: Understanding the interaction between HIV-1 and HIV-2 is important to elucidate the reason for the observed differences in prognosis and virulence of the two viruses. It also holds potential in the quest for an effective HIV vaccine. We had shown strong cross reaction between HIV-2 and HIV-1 through HLA B58
Objectives: To compare viral replication in peripheral blood (PBMC), and lymph nodes (LNMC) mononuclear cells through the quantitation of cell-associated RNA levels and the measurement of transcriptional activity in 10 asymptomatic drug-naive HIV-1 infected patients (CD4 > 200 cells/mm3). Methods: Cell-associated HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3083)
Wolday D, Maayan S, Mariam AG, Landay A, Bentwich Z; D. Wolday, Black-Lion Hospital, Microbiology Laboratory, PO Box 8297, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Tel.: +251 920 89 84, E-mail: dawol@eth.healthnet.org
Background: Chronic immune activation has been sought to play a major role as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of HIV disease progression in Africa. Here, we investigated some markers of immune activation and correlated the levels with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load in Ethiopian patients. Methods: Plasma concent
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3084)
Saha K, Zhang J, Dave R, Gupta A, Zerhouni B; K. Saha, CRI/OSU, 700 Children's Dr., Rm. W532, Columbus, OH 43205, United States, Tel.: +1 614 722 2683 2688, Fax: +614 722 3273 2716, E-mail: sahak@pediatrics.ohio-state.edu
Background: Infection with HIV-1 usually requires binding of viral envelope to the primary receptor CD4 expressed on the helper subset of T cells. CD8+ T cells play a protective role and are not generally susceptible to HIV-1. We have recently isolated CD8+ T cell clones from an AIDS patient that spontaneously produced
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3085)
Nokta M, Nichols J, Niles J, Pollard RB; M. Nokta, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0835, United States, Tel.: +1 409 747 0229, Fax: +1 409 747 1857, E-mail: mnokta@utmb.edu
CCR5 and CXCR4 cell surface density correlated with HIV plasma RNA and markers of immune activation in HIV infected individuals Background: CCR5 and CXCR4 have been identified as co-receptors for HIV-1 entry and fusion of CD4 lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages. In this report the relationship of chemokine receptor de
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3086)
Nam J-G, Kang C, Lee S-R, Kim J-I, Lee J-S; J-G. Nam, National Institute of Health, Center for AIDS Research, #5 Nokbun-dong, Eunpyung-gu, Seoul, 122-701, Korea, Republic Of, Tel.: +82 2 380 1512, Fax: +82 2 359 1397, E-mail: jeonggu@nih.go.kr
Background: To study the correlation between HIV-1 env/nef gene and disease progression, we analyzed the V1-V5 region of env and nef gene longitudinally in long-term non progressors (LTNPs) and rapid progressors (RPs) of HIV-1 infected Koreans. Methods: We performed the sequenceing of the gp120 hypervariable region and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3087)
Bristow C, Patel H, Arnold R; C. Bristow, University of North Carolina Hospitals, McLendon Clinical Laboratories, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 6100, Fax: +1 919 966 0486, E-mail: cbristow@unch.unc.edu
A proteinase inhibitory domain exists in HIV gp120, and altered proteinase inhibitor homeostasis occurs during HIV disease suggesting increased viral load could correlate with dysregulation. The proteinase inhibitor in serum exhibiting the greatest concentration is a1proteinase inhibitor (a1antitrypsin, a1PI), and the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3088)
Margolis L, Glushakova S, Grivel JC, Malkevitch N, Collman R; L. Margolis, National Institutes of Health, Bldg.10., Rm. 9D58, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States, Tel.: +1 301 594 2476, Fax: +1 301 480 0859, E-mail: margolis@helix.nih.gov
Background: Dual-tropic R5X4 variants are diverse in their ability to deplete CD4+ T cells both in vivo and in ex vivo. . Here we asked whether different dual-tropic variants actually use both co-receptors for productive infection in a natural human lymphoid tissue microenvironment, and whether use of one particular c
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3089)
Buonaguro L, Buonaguro F, Tornesello ML, Beth-Giraldo E, Giraldo G;;; L. Buonaguro, Ist. Naz. Tumori "Fond. G. Pascale", Cappella Cangiani, I-80131, Naples, Italy, Tel.: +39 81 590 32 96, Fax: +39 81 590 38 30, E-mail: buonaguro@libero.it
Background: The objective of this study is to characterize the role of cellular transcriptional factors in the modulation of cellular gene expression mediated by HIV-1 Tat, using the Tumor Necrosis Factor beta (TNFbeta) promoter as experimental model. Methods and Results: The increased expression of TNFbeta by HIV-1 T
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3090)
Janes M, Pilon R, Cassol E, Bishop K, Sanchez-Dardon J, Cassol S; M. Janes, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Tel.: +1 613 737 8160, Fax: +1 613 737 8803, E-mail: mcormier@ogh.on.ca
Background: Studies suggest that Nef contributes to HIV-1 pathogenesis by increasing viral replication, regulating the activation of HIV-1 from latency, facilitating interactions between infected and uninfected cells and inducing cytokine expression in PBMCs (IL-10) and macrophages (IL-15). Our objective was to investi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3091)
Grossman Z, Polis M, Yarchoan R, Grossman Z, de Wolf F, Lange J, Goudsmit J, Dimitrov D, Paul W; Z. Grossman, Laboratory of Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States, Tel.: +1 301 496 50 46, Fax: +1 301 496 02 22, E-mail: grossman@helix.nih.gov
Background: We previously presented and analyzed data supporting the view that the efficiency of HAART in blocking virus transmission had been overestimated, that most of the virus produced under therapy originates from de novo infected cells, and that the number of such cells may often approach a new steady state (Nat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3092)
Brew B;;; B. Brew, 376 Victoria St Darlinghurst, Sydney AUSTRALIA 2010, Australia, Tel.: +61 2 9332 3421, Fax: +61 2 9332 1837, E-mail: B.Brew@UNSW.edu.au
Background: AIDS dementia complex (ADC) patients can be divided into two groups: rapid and slow progressors. To date, there has been no method for the early identification of rapid progressors. Astrocytes have been found to be important in the pathogenesis of ADC and so we hypothesised that concentrations of S100-beta
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3093)
Bentwich Z, Quibin L, Weisman Z, Kalinkovich A, Grossman Z, Borkow G;;; Z. Bentwich, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, AIDS Center, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel, Tel.: +972 894 414 44, Fax: +972 894 104 61, E-mail: bentwich@agri.huji.ac.il
Background: Several issues in the pathogenesis of HIV infection remain controversial: the CD4 decline, determinants of progression, and degree of cell proliferation. We have suggested that chronic immune activation of the host plays a major role in these issues. The immigration of Ethiopians (ET) to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3094)
Puren AJ, Ramjee G, Abdool-Karim S, Gray CM; A. J. Puren, National Institute for Virology, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 321 4228, Fax: +27 11 321 4325, E-mail: adrianp@niv.ac.za
Background: A cohort of women on the truck stop routes between Johannesburg and Durban have been found to be HIV-1 seronegative despite working in the sex industry for more than five years. To understand the underlying mechanisms of resistance to HIV-1 in these women, studies were performed to investigate the associati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3095)
Beaumont T, Broersen S, van Nuenen A, de Roda Husman AM, Heeney J, Schuitemaker H; T. Beaumont, CLB, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 5123 679, Fax: +31 20 5123 310, E-mail: T_Beaumont@clb.nl
Development of disease is extremely rare in chimpanzees when inoculated with either T cell line adapted neutralization sensitive or primary human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), at first excluding a role for HIV-1 neutralization sensitivity in the clinical course of infection. Interestingly, we observed that sho
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3096)
Zheng N, Vella C, Easterbrook P, Daniels R; N. Zheng, National Institute of Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill NW7 1AA, London, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 181 959 3666, Fax: +44 181 906 4477, E-mail: nzheng@nimr.mrc.ac.uk
Isolation and characterisation of HIV virus from asymptomatic, long term non-progressing patients is important in studying pathogeneses of the virus and facilitating vaccine and antiviral development. Recently, we reported successful isolation of HIV-1, in high titre, from long-term nonprogressors (LTNP) in the relativ
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3097)
Herdier B, Weinstein M, Hecht F, Abbey N, Lee K, Bikazi N, Lenette E, Grant R, Kahn J; B. Herdier, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, Building 3, 1001 Potrero Ave, Box 0506, San Francisco, CA 94110, United States, Tel.: +1 415 206 82 18, Fax: +1 415 206 59 88, E-mail: bghx@itsa.ucsf.edu
Background: San Francisco Bay Area subjects are recruited into an HIV primary infection cohort on the basis of clinical symptoms, modified serological assays, viral tests and risk behavior. A baseline tonsillar biopsy is performed early in the course of HIV infection. The tonsil represents mucosal associated lymphoid
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3098)
Gray CM, Nyoka S, Mohube P, Seleka P, Grant AD, Roux S, Magcuntsu E, Churchyard G, Chaisson RE; C.M. Gray, National Institute for Virology, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 321 4292, Fax: +27 11 321 4325, E-mail: cgray@iafrica.com
Background: Since tuberculosis (TB) is the most important HIV-related disease in sub-Saharan Africa, the influence of TB on T cell immunity to HIV-1 has direct implications for understanding the course of HIV disease and response to HIV vaccines. Our hypothesis is that TB infection impinges on the ability to make an e
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3099)
Nyoka S, Maila H, Mohube P, Seleka P, Roux S, Magcuntsu E, Grant AD, Churchyard G, Gray CM; S. Nyoka, National Institute for Virology, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 321 4306, Fax: +27 11 321 4325, E-mail: cgray@niv.ac.za
Background: Knowledge of the immune status of individuals singly or dually infected with HIV-1 and TB may provide clues to the accelerated pathogenesis observed in co-infected patients. This study describes differences in T cell activation between HIV-1 seropositive patients with or without an episode of active TB. Met
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3100)
Scarlatti G, Bjorndal E, Fredriksson R, Mezei M, Tresoldi E, Plebani A, Fenyi EM; G. Scarlatti, DIBIT, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Laboratory of Virology, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 022 643 4906, Fax: +39 022 643 4905, E-mail: scarlatti.gabriella@hsr.it
Background: The aim of our study was to identify differences in genetic and phenotype variability according to slow or fast disease progression. Material and Methods: Between 2 and 8 sequential primary isolates derived from 9 children with slow or fast HIV-1 disease progression were studied. The biological phenotype of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3101)
Imamichi H, Crandall K, Jiang MK, Berg S, Gaddam A, Bosche M, Metcalf J, Natarajan V, Lane C; H. Imamichi, SAIC Frederick, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg.550/Rm 201-B, Frederick, MD 21702, United States, Tel.: +1 301 846 1910, Fax: +1 301 846 6762, E-mail: himamichi@niaid.nih.gov
Recent studies show the possibility of the persistence of latent HIV-1 reservoirs in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) utilizing an enhanced co-culture technique. However, whether the viruses obtained from cell co-culture are derived from activation of a previously latent pool or from a re
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3102)
Albini A, Benelli R, Barbero A, Scapini P, Bisacchi D, Ferrini S, Tacchetti C, Cassatella M, Noonan D; A. Albini, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi n.10, 16132 Genova, Italy, Tel.: +39 010 5737406, Fax: +39 010 5737364, E-mail: albini@ermes.cba.unige.it
Background: Although polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) function is impaired in AIDS, the molecules and mechanisms involved are not known. Previous studies have shown that Tat transgenic mice have angiogenic lesions and altered PMN function. Methods: The response of PMN to Tat were examined in vivo and in vitro using tests a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3103)
Pavlakis GN, Valentin A, Patenaude D; G.N. Pavlakis, National Cancer Institute, Sultan Street, Blg 535 Room 210, NCIFCRDC Frederick, MD 21702, United States, Tel.: +1 301 846 1474, Fax: +1 301 846 6368, E-mail: pavlakis@ncifcrf.gov
Background: Impairment of natural immunity, including decreased cytotoxic activity by natural killer (NK) cells, is a common feature of HIV-1 infected individuals. To identify the reasons for these defects, we have examined the expression of HIV receptors and susceptibility to infection of primary human NK cells. Metho
Background: HIV-1 infection is associated with a wide variety of hematologic disturbances including lymphocytes and platelets destruction and anemia. We reported gender differences in HIV-1 load among injection drug users (IDUs). The effect of gender and HIV viral load on platelets, hematocrit and other components of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3105)
Freitag C, Schito M, Near KA, Chougnet C, Langhorne J, Sher A; C. Freitag, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, 4 Center Drive MSC 0425, Bethesda, MD 20892-0425, United States, Tel.: +1 301 496 4881, Fax: +1 301 402 0890, E-mail: corona@scs.unr.edu
Background: Malaria and HIV infection are co-endemic in much of the developing world, and their interaction may have a significant impact on AIDS pathogenesis. Methods: To test the capacity of malaria parasites to trigger HIV-1 expression in vivo, transgenic mice carrying complete DNA copies of the HIV genome were infe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3106)
Daniel V, Daniel V, Susal C, Weimer R, Zimmermann R, Huth-Kuhne A, Opelz G; V. Daniel, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany, Tel.: +496 221 564 018, Fax: +496 221 564 200, E-mail: volker_daniel@med.uni-heidelberg.de
Objective: Previous studies interpreted increases of soluble Fas (sFas) in the plasma during disease progression as increased apoptosis of CD4+ lymphocytes. We studied whether sFas and sFas ligand (sFasL) plasma levels are associated with CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte counts, plasma viral load and IgG, IgM or gp120 complexe
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3107)
Cone L, Espinosa G, Moreno A, Down-Liguori M; L. Cone, Eisenhower Medical Center, 39-000 Bob Hope Drive Probst 308, Rancho Mirage, CA 92270, United States, Tel.: +1 760 346 5688, Fax: +1 760 773 3976, E-mail: conemedico@aol.com
Homozygosity for the deletion in a 32-base pair region spanning nucleotides 794-825 of the betachemokine CCR5 may serve to provide most individuals with natural protection from HIV-1 infection. The gene encodes a surface protein which functions as a co-receptor with CD4 allowing binding and entry of macrophage-tropic H
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3108)
Brandful J, Quaye IK, Ampofo WK, Ishikawa KI, Sata T, Madsen O, Garred P; J. Brandful, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, P. O. Box LG 581, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra Ghana, Ghana, Tel.: +233-21-501-178/9, Fax: +233-21-502-182, E-mail: brandful@noguchi.mimcom.net
Objective: To determine the influence of HIV-1 on the expression of Mannose-Binding Lectin (MBL) in individuals with the wild-type homozygous allele as a risk factor for increased susceptibility to coinfection Study Subjects and Method: Subjects were recruited from adult patients attending general out patient s departm
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3109)
Kalou-Badirou M, Nkengasong JN, Borget MY, Boateng E, Maurice C, Djomand G, Eholie S, Bissagnene E, Monga B, Wiktor SZ, Roels TH; M. Kalou-Badirou, Projet Retro - CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'ivoire, Tel.: +225 2 125 4111, Fax: +225 2 124 2969, E-mail: cfk3@cdc.gov
Objective: To describe levels of immunosuppression, HIV-1 plasma VL, and viral phenotype among patients seeking care through the UNAIDS /Ministry of Health (MOH) initiative to improve access to HIV therapies and to determine whether gender difference exist for viral load and CD4+ counts. Methods: From August 1998 to D
Background: Therapy of AIDS dementia involves use of several antiretroviral drugs including ZDV. Recent studies in myocardial cells have suggested that ZDV may cause oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species, and as such, may exacerbate HIV-1 related symptoms in the long-term (de la Asuncion, Clin.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3111)
Masciotra S, Rudolph D, Yang C, Spira T, Dhawan S, Lal R; S. Masciotra, 1600 Clifton Road NE Mailstop D-12, Atlanta GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +404 639 10 06, Fax: +404 639 26 60, E-mail: svm@cdc.gov
Objective: Recent studies have identified an elongated V2 among HIV-1-infected slow/non progressors, which is thought to potentially restrict HIV-1 replication in macrophages. If true, such restriction will limit HIV replication in macrophages among slow/non-progressors, and hence account for low viral load and delayed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3112)
Yamamoto N, Sato C, Suzuki Y, Koyanagi Y, Tanaka Y, Ichiyama K, Yamaoka S; N. Yamamoto, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Dept. of Microbiology, 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 8519, Japan, Tel.: +81 3 580 351 78, Fax: +81 3 580 301 24, E-mail: ymmtmmb@med.tmd.ac.jp
Background: Macrophage (M)-tropic HIV-1 strains replicated more efficiently in IL-12-induced T helper 1-type cultures derived from normal CD4(+) T cells than did T-cell-line-tropic (T-tropic) strains. To determine the critical step at which replication of T-tropic, but not M-tropic, HIV-1 is restricted in Th1-type cel
Background: In Thailand nearly a 1.3 million people will be infected with HIV by 2000 and AIDS claimed 35,412 lives by the end of October 1999 (Ministry of Public Health, Thailand). HIV infection is still spreading significantly in the Northern Thailand. With other types of viruses, natural infection research of HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3114)
Cotton M, Treurnicht F, McFarland E, Finkel T; M. Cotton, University Stellenbosch, Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa, Tel.: +27 21 938 95 06, Fax: +27 21 938 91 38, E-mail: mcot@ gerga.sun.ac.za
Introduction: HIV-1-infected children from industrialised countries have a better outcome than from developing communities. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell apoptosis have been correlated with CD4+ T cell depletion. It is unknown whether the apoptosis reflects a pathogenic mechanism for loss of T cells or is a measure of protectio
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3115)
Ensoli F, Fiorelli V, DeCristofaro M, SantiniMuratori D, Novi A, Luzi G, Aiuti F; F. Ensoli, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, V. Universite 37, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 6 499 720 27, Fax: +39 6 446 62 09, E-mail: ensolifior@uniroma1.it
Background: Oncostatin M (oncM) produced by HIV-1 infected or activated immune cells exerts anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on both developing and post-mitotic neurons. Methods: The mechanism(s) responsible for these effects have been investigated at the level of receptor-mediated interactions, by using di
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3116)
Piccolella E, Tuosto L, Somma F, Gilardini Montani MS, Di Somma MM;;; E. Piccolella, University "La Sapienza" of Rome, Dept. Cellular and Developmental Biology, Via Degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 6 4991 7584, Fax: +39 6 4991 7594, E-mail: piccolella@axcasp.caspur.it
Background: Since 1992, when it was demonstrated that CD4 cross-linking by HIV glicoprotein 120 (gp120) prior to activation via the TCR results in apoptotic cell death, several experimental data have been accumulated. However, a crytical analysis of these results show many discrepancies.Starting from our experience on
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3117)
Cossarizza A, Pinti M, Nasi M, Pedrazzi J, Mussini C, Esposito R, Paganelli R; A. Cossarizza, Univ. of Modena, Dept. Biomedical Sciences, via Campi 287, 41100 Modena, Italy, Tel.: +39 59 42 86 12, Fax: +39 59 42 86 23, E-mail: cossariz@unimo.it
Background: Apoptosis is a crucial defense mechanism to control viral infection through the elimination of virus-producing cells. However, to counteract this phenomenon, viruses have developed a variety of anti-apoptotic mechanisms. CD95 (Fas/Apo-1), a key molecule for immune cells apoptosis, exists in two forms: one
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3118)
Ensoli F, Fiorelli V, DeCristofaro M, Alario C, Sacco G, Cunsolo G, Novi A, Santini Muratori D, Aiuti F; F. Ensoli, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, V. Universita 37, 00185 Rome, Italy, Italy, Tel.: 39-6-49972027, Fax: 39-6-4466209, E-mail: ensolifior@uniroma1.it
Background: The availability of therapeutic regimens that effectively interfere with HIV-1 replication provides novel opportunities to investigate mechanisms of T cell depletion as well as repopulation in infected individuals. Methods: The frequencies of apoptotic T cells were determined in 28 moderately immunocompromi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3119)
Arroz M, Costa L, Ordway D, Dockrell H, Ventura F; M. Arroz, Hospiatl Egas Moniz, Rua Junqueira 126, 1349-019, Lisbon, Portugal, Tel.: +351-213650318, Fax: +351-213624996, E-mail: mjarroz@mail.telepac.pt
Background: The contribution of T-cell subset activation, intracellular IFN-? presence and apoptosis was investigated in healthy donors, tuberculosis patients, tuberculosis/HIV patients and HIV patients. The T-cells capacity to activate and enter into a T cell death cascade in response to M. tuberculosis H37Rv (Mtb) w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3120)
Mastroianni CM, Lichtner M, Mengoni F, Marzi M, D'Agostino C, Santopadre P, Russo G, Vullo V; C.M. Mastroianni, University La Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 331, 00161 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 649 972 627, Fax: +39 649 972 625, E-mail: v.vullo@caspur.it
Background: Apoptosis is an important mechanism causing neutropenia and loss of PMNL function in HIV-infected patients. Objectives: To study spontaneous apoptosis and chemotactic function of PMNL from patients with discrepant responses to HAART, including protease inhibitors . Methods: Three groups of patients were
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3121)
Piccolella E, Marinari B, Federico M, Cantrell DA, Tuosto L;;; E. Piccolella, University "La Sapienza"of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 06 4991 7584, Fax: +39 06 4991 7594, E-mail: piccolella@axcasp.caspur.it
Background: Accumulated data suggest that HIV Nef protein plays a key role in AIDS pathogenesis and impairs T cell activation by disrupting two aspects of T cell receptor machinery, cell surface CD4 expression and CD3 signaling. These information and our evidence that both molecules regulate in human memory T cells the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3122)
Lecoeur H, Gougeon M-L; H. Lecoeur, Pasteur Institute, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 1 45 68 89 14, Fax: +33 1 45 68 89 09, E-mail: helecoe@pasteur.fr
Background: HAART induces an increase in naive T cells (CD45RA+CD62L+) that could be explained by several mechanisms, including thymic-dependent generation, peripheral expansion, or memory to naive phenotypic reversion. Because apoptosis controls T cell homeostasis, we have asked whether the re-emergence of naive T cel
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3123)
De Oliveira Pinto LM, Lecoeur H, Gougeon M-L; L.M. De Oliveira Pinto, Pasteur Institue, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 1 45 68 89 14, Fax: +33 1 45 68 89 09, E-mail: lpinto@pasteur.fr
Objectives: Several apoptosis pathways appear to contribute to the decline of peripheral cells and dysfunction of the immune system characteristic of HIV infection. In the present study, we asked whether 1- the receptors for TNF, TNF-RI and TNF-RII (TNF-Rs) were involved in apoptosis of patients T lymphocytes and 2- ap
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeA3124)
Gascon R, Narvaez A, Herndier B, McGrath MS; R. Gascon, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF, PO Box 0874, SFGH, BLDG.100, RM. 333E, San Francisco, CA 94103, United States, Tel.: +1 415 206 5510, Fax: +1 415 206 6625, E-mail: rgascon@php.ucsf.edu
Background: The presence of CD4+ cell apoptosis and monocyte activation may provide insight into the progression of primary HIV infection. Methods: Heparin-treated peripheral blood was drawn from primary infection subjets at weeks 0,1,2,4,8,12 and 24 weeks post initiation of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART
Background: IL-18, primarily produced by macrophages, induces the production of IFN-g from natural killer cells, and stimulates the T helper type 1 response, and in vitro HIV-1 production in a monocytic cell line. Methods: Serum levels of IL-18 were determined by an immunoenzyme assay in 37 adult HIV-1-infected patient
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3126)
Madsen CD, Christensen JK, Sorensen M, Lundgren JD, Nielsen JO, Eugen-Olsen J, Krogsgaard K; C. D. Madsen, Clinical Research Unit 441, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark, Tel.: (+45) 3632 2418, Fax: (+45) 36323797, E-mail: chrisdmadsen@yahoo.dk
Background: High TT virus (TTV) viremia is an independent prognostic factor in untreated HIV positive patients. The aim of the current project was to evaluate whether TTV viremia can be used as a marker for immune reconstitution in patients receiving HAART Methods: Twenty patients with CD4 T cell counts > 200 were inc
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3127)
Wohl D, Ngo B, Fiscus S, Handy J, Alcorn T, Cronin M, Pan W, Rosen D, van der Horst C; D. Wohl, University of North Carolina, 547 Burnett-Womack Bldg., CB# 7030, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 25 36, Fax: +1 919 966 67 14, E-mail: wohl@med.unc.edu
Background: Even in areas where HAART is available, CMV continues to be a severe OI among persons with AIDS, especially those not benefiting from potent antiretroviral therapy. We compared the ability of 4 methods of CMV viremia detection to predict CMV EOD and death. Methods: Prospective study of 157 CMV seropositive
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3128)
De Luca A, Giancola ML, Ammassari A, Grisetti S, Paglia MG, Gentile M, Cingolani A, Murri R, D'Arminio Monforte A, Antinori A; A. De Luca, Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Catholic Univ., Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, L.go A Gemelli, 8, 00168 - Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 6 3015 4945, Fax: +39 06 305 4519, E-mail: andeluc@tin.it
Objective: To analyse the virologic and clinical efficacy of cidofovir associated to potent antiretroviral therapy in AIDS-related PML. Methods: Observational study of consecutive HIV+ patients with histologically or virologically-proven PML from 3 tertiary care centers. Group A: patients treated with HAART, B: patient
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3129)
Meier A, Meier AS, Mwachari C, Nganga L, Kimari J, Odhiambo J, Cohen CR; A. Meier, 5719 29 th Ave., Seattle WA 98105, United States, Tel.: +1 206 6527 6880, Fax: +1 206 5433 915, E-mail: ameier@biostat.washington.edu
Background: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-1 infected individuals living in sub-Saharan Africa. We set out to evaluate the WHO algorithm for management of RTI in HIV-1 infected adults and determine risk factors associated with RTI in an urban African setting. Me
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3130)
Barnasconi C, Salmon D, Matheron S, Mazeron M-C, Cassoux I, Le Hoang P, Durand-Zaleski I, Costagliola D; C. Barnasconi, Inserm SC4, Faculte de Medecine de Saint Antoine, 27 Rue de Chaligny, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France, Tel.: +331 400 114 63, Fax: +331430 739 57, E-mail: bernasco@b3e.jussieu.fr
Background: In France where more than 88% of HIV infected patients are treated with HAART, the incidence of CMV disease has sharply decreased and once can hypothetise that the natural history has not remained unchanged. Objectives: to describe clinical, immunological, virological characteristics and evolution of recen
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3131)
Radoi R, Duiculescu D, Ungureanu E, Ehe L, Merticariu C, Oprea C, Dorobat O, Patru C, Ceausu E; R. Radoi, Elev Stefanescu 47, Bucuresti 73332, Romania, Tel.: +040 125 060 17
Objective: To assess the prevalence, the clinical features and the course of tuberculous meningoencephalitis (TBME) in HIV-1 infected children. Method: A retrospective study based on clinical records of HIV-1 infected children in Dr. Victor Babes Hospital during a 10-year period of time (1989-1999). The diagnostic was
Objective: To understand the evolution of infections with time among HIV-1 infected and uninfected children in rural Kenya . Method: A total of 121 children (58 infected and 63 uninfected) were followed up from birth to the age of 3 years or till death. The HIV status of these children was previously determined serolog
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3133)
Idigbe EO, Ibrahim MM, Onwujekwe DI, Ubaune T; E.O.Idigbe, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, 6 Edmond Crescent PMB 2013 YABA Lagos, Nigeria, Tel.: +234 1 470 5945, Fax: +234 1 861 732
Objective: A retrospective study on HIV was carried out to establish the National profile of opportunistic infections associated with HIV in Nigeria between 1986 and mid 1999. Methods: Data on opportunistic infections associated with HIV between 1986 and 1999 were retrieved from the records of 202 tertiary and seconda
Background: Advanced HIV-related immunodeficiency is the primary risk factor for DMA. In our country, an increasing frequency of DMA is being observed during the last three years. The present report is a retrospective analysis of the cases of DMA, including clinical characteristics, laboratory correlates, therapeutics
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3135)
Bortolozzi R, Revigliono M, Padro I, Lupo S, Giaudo M, Dahi D, Toselo M, Luque A, Zicre D; R. Bortolozzi, San Juan 585, Rosario 2000, Argentina, Tel.: +54 341 448 1476, Fax: +54 341 430 8172, E-mail: rbort@atnet.com.ar
Introduction: in our region histoplasmosis is an endemic infection which frequently complicates HIV reactive patients (p). Objectives: to describe 60 disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) cases from Rosario. Material and Methods: analysis of 60 cases of (DH), survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier curves and the groups
Introduction: Paracocciodioidomycosis (PCM) also known as South American Blastomycosis, is the mostly prevalent sistemic fungal infection in Latin America. In the literature a few more than fifty cases were described with the association of PCM and AIDS, the majority in Brazil , but with the progressive increase of AID
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3137)
Dworkin M, Williamson J, Jones J, Kaplan J; M. Dworkin, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd, MS E-47, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 20 50, Fax: +1 404 639 29 80, E-mail: mdd3@cdc.gov
Background: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), a broad-spectrum inexpensive antibiotic, is widely prescribed to persons with HIV-infection for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) prophylaxis. In resource poor countries with large numbers of persons with AIDS, where highly active antiretroviral therapy is unav
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3138)
Tarwater PM, Detels R, Margolick JB, Phair J, Munoz A; P.M. Tarwater, Dept. Epidemiology JHU Sch of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street Rm E7139, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 955 4320, Fax: +1 410 955 7587, E-mail: ptarwate@jhsph.edu
Objective: To assess the impact of ART use (mono ART, combination ART, and potent ART) on the occurrence of specific opportunistic infections as both presenting and secondary occurrences. Methods: Separate study populations were selected from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study for comparison of OI occurrence as a presen
Tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS are great problems of public health in Brazil . The state of Rio de Janeiro has high prevalence of both disease. TB control program is not efficient. Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV is been improved and BGG vaccination is satisfactory. Methods: Database of TB Control Progra
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3140)
Oprea AC, Duiculescu D, Ungureanu E, Radoi R, Ionescu Tadji G, Dorobat O, Dinca A, Voicu E, Ceauzu E; A.C. Oprea, SOS Mihai Bravu 12, Bucharest, Romania, Tel.: +40 012 523 086, E-mail: coprea@cmb.ro
Background: 1. To assess the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt) infection in HIV-1 infected children from Dr. Victor Babes Hospital, Bucharest, Romania . 2. To study the clinical and immunological status of the cases confirmed by culture and the bacterial resistance to antituberculous dru
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3141)
Kosia AM; A. M. Kosia, POBox 1111, 3 Ecowas Street, Sierra Leon West Africa, Sierra Leone, Tel.: +232 22 225 407, Fax: +232 22 224 439
Background: Improved drug distribution of the management of common opportunistic infections for the PWAs for a period of 4 months was initiated by AIDS Research Network in rural Sierra Leone in 1996. Community health care providers were trained to distribute the drugs to the patients in homes and impact assessed using
Background: It was decided to do pilot study evaluating the annual cost of standard antiretroviral therapy versus annual cost of treating HIV related opportunistic infections (OIs) in metropolis of Bombay, India , considering consequent morbidity and mortality in both public and private hospital/nursing home settings
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3143)
Kosia AM, Senessie C; A.M. Kosia, AIDS Research Network, 3 Ecowas St., PO Box 1111, Freetown, Sierra Leone, Tel.: +232 22 22 54 07, Fax: +232 22 22 44 39, E-mail: kosia@who.imul.com
Background: Improved drug distribution for the management of common opportunistic infections for the PWAs for a period of 4 months was initiated by AIDS Research Network in rural Sierra Leone in 1996. Community health care providers were trained to distribute the drugs to the patients in homes and impact assessed using
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3144)
Diaz Jidy M, Gonzalez Nunez I; M. Diaz Jidy, Instituto Pedro Kouri Autopista Novia Del, Mediodia Km 6 Marianao 13 La Lisa, PO Box 601 Ciudad Habana, Cuba, Tel.: 53-7 220451, Fax: 53-7 220633 y 246051, E-mail: jidy@ipk.sld.cu or jidy@infomed.sld.cu
Background: TB diagnosis is difficult in HIV patient, due the disease could appear atypical, due bacilloscopies and the culture of sputurn samples often result negatives, PPD test is less intense and radiological images are not characteristic. Methods: From November 1992, when the first co-infected TB/AIDS case was det
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3145)
Abel S, Helenon R, Ray V, Sobesky G, Cabie A; S. Abel, CISIH, CHU de Fort-de-France, 97200 Fort-de-France, Martinique, France, Martinique, Tel.: +596 552 301, Fax: +596 752 116, E-mail: cisih-mart@sasi.fr
Highly active antiretroviral treatments (HAART), combining nucleoside analogues and one or two protease inhibitors , can rapidly reduce viral load and partially restore immune function in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality. Primary or recurrent opportunistic
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3146)
Eyer-Silva WA, Arabe J, Souza A, Pinto JF, Magalhaes MC, Morais de Sa CA; W. A. Eyer-Silva, Rua Mariz e Barros, 775, 20270-004 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 569 16 20, Fax: +55 21 569 30 25, E-mail: walter-eyer@uol.com.br
Background: Paradoxical clinical worsening of tuberculosis (TB) symptomatology has been described among patients simultaneously starting both antituberculosis and antiretroviral (AR) regimens (Am J Resp Crit Care Med 1998;158:157-61). This phenomenom usually involves persistent fevers, enlarging lymph nodes, new pulmo
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3147)
Seenivasan M, Mayorga D, Mc Cormack W, Croney C; M. Seenivasan, Suny Hsc Brooklyn Ny, 950 49th Street Apt 9a, Brooklyn, New York-11219, United States, Tel.: +1 718 633 8977, Fax: +1 718 633 8977, E-mail: seenivasan@pol.net
Backround: Toxoplasmosis is the most common cerebral mass lesion in patients with HIV. It usually presents on head CT scan as a hypodense lesion that characteristically enhances with contrast.Histopathologically the lesion is an abscess with chronic inflammation.We present a case where Cerebral Toxoplasmosis presented
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3148)
Montero Hernandez del Carmen M, Garcia Gasalla M, Masip V, Garcia Navarro MJ, Murillas Angoiti J, Martin T; M. Montero Hernandez del Carmen, Via de las dos Castillas, 9cp3, 1° 11, Pozuelo de Alarcon, 28224 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 629 416 545, E-mail: pirimh@teleline.es
RHS is a clinicopathological entity characterized by systemic proliferation of cytologically benign histiocytes, with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia and coagulopathy. This report describes the clinical spectrum and the fatal outcome of the RHS in two HIV infected patiens. CASE 1: A 29 years-old patient under HAAR
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3149)
Girardi E, Zinzi D, Ippolito G, Ammassari A, Palmieri F, Cingolani A, Antinori A, Gillini L; E. Girardi, IRCCS, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 6559 4223, Fax: +39 6559 4224, E-mail: craids@tiscalinet.it
Background: The objective of this study was to assess changes in clinical presentation and outcome of HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) before and after widespread implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: We reviewed clinical charts of HIV infected patients with culture-confirmed pulmona
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3150)
Sambeat MA; M. A. Sambeat, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 291 9132, Fax: +34 93 291 9269, E-mail: 34120rpd@comb.es
Background: The pattern of morbidity and mortality in HIV+ patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) remains to be well established. The aim o+f our study is to assess the frequency and type of AIDS defining events (ADE) and death after the initiation of HAART. Methods: This is a retrospective obs
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3151)
Engelhard P, Strawbridge T; P. Engelhard, 1600 S Federal Highway # 640, Pompano Beach, FL 33062, United States, Tel.: +954-788-9773, Fax: +954-788-9776
Background: HIV- Associated Adipose Redistribution Syndrome (HARS) has been a poorly defined syndrome involving fat accumulation and redistribution in HIV infected patients. Speculation as to what causes this syndrome continues to be of controversy in medical practices worldwide. Objective: To determine whether or not
Background: To report a case of bilateral optic disc neovascularization and vitreous hemorrhage in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated with inactive cytomegalovirus retinitis and immune recovery. Method: Case report. Results: A 41-year-old man with AIDS, bilateral inactive cytomegaloviru
Background: immune recovery vitritis (IRV) has been reported in eyes with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in patients with elevated CD4 cell counts on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However is considered favourable, long term results are not known. The purpose of this study was to determine the visual s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3154)
Corti ME, Solari R, De Carolis L, Corraro E; M. E. Corti, Infectious Diseases Hospital, Rivadavia 8326, 4o Piso dpto A, 1407 Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tel.: +54 11 467 292 21, E-mail: mcorti@roche.com.ar
Background: The study evaluates the incidence of ocular compromise in the Kaposis sarcoma associated with AIDS.Methods: We revised the clinical histories of HIV seropositives patients seen in the ophtalmologie department from January, 1994 to December, 1998. All patients were examined by direct visually and dilated fun
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3155)
Barnardt P; P. Barnardt, Tygerberg Hospital, PO Box 19191, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa, Tel.: +27-21-938 60 14, Fax: +27-21-938 58 96, E-mail: pbar@mweb.co.za
Introduction: Between April 1995 and Jan 2000, 17 HIV positive patients (pts) with histologically proven Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) were seen and treated at the Oncology Unit of Tygerberg Hospital. All 17 pts are evaluable for response and 12 for overall survival. The median age was 37.5 years (yrs), with a range of 23-60 y
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3156)
Fernandez Guerrero M, Perez Casas A, Garcia Delgado R, Gorgolas M; M. Fernandez Guerrero, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Avda. Reyes Catolicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 550 48 83, Fax: +34 91 550 49 22, E-mail: mgorgolas@fjd.es
Background: Anecdotal case reports and brief series have shown that HAART may greatly improved KS in patients with AIDS, a disease for which we lacked effective treatment. Methods: We retrospectively assessed the impact of anti-retroviral therapy on the evolution of KS in a series of 84 patients; 26 pts were given HAAR
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3157)
Fernandez Guerrero M, Perez Casas A, Garcia Delgado R, Gorgolas M; M. Fernandez Guerrero, Avda. Reyes Catolicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 550 48 83, Fax: +34 91 550 49 22, E-mail: mgorgolas@fjd.es
Background: The ACTG staging classification for Aids-related KS proposed in 1989 the 200 CD4+ level as the best to distinguish between good- and poor-risk categories. However, this level is probably not optimal in the HAART era. Methods: In order to assess the impact of the immune function and other risk factors in the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3158)
Charalambous S, Grant A, Day J, Rothwell E, Mahasela B, Moyake T, Chaisson RE, Hayes RJ, Churchyard GJ; S. Charalambous, Aurum Health Research, PO Box 87, Welkom, 9460, South Africa, Tel.: +27 57 900 43 98, Fax: +27 57 900 45 68, E-mail: salomec@aghs.co.za
Background: HIV infection is increasingly recognised as a serious health problem among working populations in South Africa . Occupational settings provided an ideal opportunity to supply services for HIV-infected workers, including counseling to reduce HIV transmission and appropriate interventions to mitigate the eff
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3159)
Vaccher E, Tirelli U, Spina M, Fasan M, Chichino G, Rizzardini G, Nigra E, Mussini C, Dino V, Christian G; E. Vaccher, National Cancer Institute, Via Pedemontana 12, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy, Tel.: +39 434 659 284, Fax: +39 434 659 531, E-mail: oma@ets.it
Division of Medical Oncology A, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Pordenone. In May 1993 the European Intergroup Study NHL-HIV started a randomized study with a stratification of lymphoma patients into three groups according to the presence or not of adverse prognostic factors, prior AIDS, CD4+ > 100/mm3, performance
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3160)
Burack J, Cohen R, Hyde P; J. Burack, 487 Atlantic Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11217, United States, Tel.: +1 718 237 8865, Fax: +1 718 488 8589, E-mail: jburack@concentric.net
Background: Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare neuro-endocrine tumor of the skin, which has been reported predominantly in the immune compromised: organ and bone marrow transplant recipients, chemotherapy treated patients, and in patients with inherited immunodeficiency. To date, a literature review has revealed only one
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3161)
Palefsky J, Holly E, Ralston M, Greenblatt R, Da Costa M; J. Palefsky, UCSF, 505 Parnassus Ave Room M1203, Box 0126, San Francisco, CA, United States, Tel.: +1 415 476 1574, Fax: +1 415 476 0986, E-mail: joelp@labmed.ucsf.edu
Background: Cervical human papillomavirus ( HPV ) infection is more common among HIV+ women than HIV- women and is associated with higher rates of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL). Little is known about anal HPV infection in these groups of women. Methods: 223 HIV+ women and 57 HIV- women who participa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3162)
Bower M, Matthews G, Mandalia S, Powles T, Gazzard BG, Nelson M; M. Bower, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0181 746 5610, Fax: +44 0181 746 8537, E-mail: sandra.mead@chelwest.org
Objective: To assess the impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on incidence, presentation and outcome of AIDS Related Lymphomas (ARL) in our unit from 1988-1999. Design and Methods: Clinical data on 7,840 HIV-positive patients, representing 43,745 patient years of follow up, has been prospectively coll
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3163)
Cattelan AM, Aversa S, Calabro L, Trevenzoli M, de Rossi A, Cadrobbi P, Chieco Bianchi L; A.M. Cattelan, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35100 Padova, Italy, Tel.: +39 49 821 3741, Fax: +39 49 821 3768, E-mail: aacattelan@hotmail.com
Background: Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent malignancy in HIV-patients, especially in homosexual and bisexual men who have up to a 50% probability of developing KS in their lifespan. Until now, no effective cure is available for KS. This open prospective study aimed to assess the clinical and biological resp
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3164)
Levine AM, Tulpule A, Dharmapala D, Sherrod A, Espina B, Sanchez MN, Gill PS; A.M. Levine, USC/Norris Cancer Hospital, 1441 Eastlake Avenue MS-34, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States, Tel.: +1 323 865 3913, Fax: +1 323 965 0060, E-mail: hornor@hsc.usc.edu
Background: P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is a product of the multidrug resistance (MDR-1) gene. MDR-1 has been well investigated in non-Hodgkin s lymphoma with only 5% of de novo lymphomas expressing MDR-1 at initial diagnosis, but increasing to 50% in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory disease. We wished to study the e
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3165)
Tulpule A, Africano M, Yuzon R, Sanchez MN, Cabriales S, Espina BM, Welles L, Levine AM; A. Tulpule, USC/Norris Cancer Hospital, 1441 Eastlake Avenue MS-34, Los Angeles, United States, Tel.: +1 323 865 3927, Fax: +1 323 865 0060, E-mail: tupule@hsc.usc.edu
Background: CHOP chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for patients (pts) with aggressive de novo non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL). However, the complete remission rate is only 40-50% in pts with AIDS-related lymphoma (AIDS-NHL), and better treatment options are needed. Liposomal doxorubicin (TLC D-99) has an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3166)
Gill PS, Scadden DT, Espina B, Cabriales S, Howard W, Shea K, Tulpule A; P.S. Gill, USC/Norris Cancer Hospital, 1441 Eastlake Avenue MS-34, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States, Tel.: +1 323 865 3909, Fax: +1 323 865 0060, E-mail: parkashg@hsc.usc.edu
Background: While advances have been made in the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) with systemic chemotherapy, less toxic therapies are needed. IM862 is a naturally occurring peptide with anti-angiogenic properties and was thus studied in patients with AIDS-KS. Methods: IM862 was given as intranasal
Background: despite advances in antiretroviral treatment and the reduction of opportunistic diseases, oncological complications of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection continue to occur and are of significant importance. The objective of the present study is to evaluate if the immune recovery due to H
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3168)
Phelps R, Smith DK, Gardner L, Carpenter CJ, Klein R, Jamieson D, Vlahov D, Schuman P, Holmberg S; R. Phelps, Centers for Desease Control and Prevention, MS E-45, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +404 639 51 87, Fax: +404 639 61 18, E-mail: rfp9@cdc.gov
Background: A comparison of types and rates of cancers in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women. Methods: 871 HIV-infected and 439 HIV-uninfected women were enrolled in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study & followed from 1993-1999. Women were interviewed biannually to identify interval diagnoses and hospitalization
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3169)
Melosky B; B. Melosky, British Clumbia Cancer Agency, 600 West 10th Ave., Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z-4E6, Canada, Tel.: +1 604 877 6000, Fax: +1 604 877 0585, E-mail: bmelosky@bccancer.bc.ca
Background: To observe the safety and efficacy of liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome; Nextar Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Boulder, CO) in Kaposi s Sarcoma with concurrent use of protease inhibitors Patients and Methods: In a phase II trial, 15 patients received DaunoXome 40 mg/m2 intravenously
Background. The existence of a significant brain-blood barrier (BBB) for prolactin (PRL) has been previously reported. Because we have recently found raised levels of cerebrospinal- fluid (CSF) prolactin in HIV-infected patients, we conducted the present study to determine whether serum levels of PRL correlate with CSF
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3171)
Ahmed S, Najjar M, Hajal R; S. Ahmed, 7124 162 nd Street 3rd floor, Fresh Meadows NY 11365, United States, Tel.: +1 516 572 6506, Fax: +1 516 572 5648, E-mail: sahmed@ncmc.edu
Introduction: Moyamoya disease is a form of chronic cerebrovascular occlusive disease characterized by bilateral occlusion at the terminal part of the internal carotid artery associated with rich collateral circulation that looks like a puff of smoke (moyamoya in Japanese), on cerebral angiogram. Although the etiology
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3172)
Calanni L, Jayat G, Chiocconi E, Gallardo Martinez A, Aprea V, Lazcano M, Gibellini J; L. Calanni, Hospital Provincial Neuquen, Neuquen, Argentina, Tel.: +54 299 442 50 11, Fax: +54 299 442 50 11, E-mail: lilicalanni@hotmail.com
Issues: Chagas disease, and endemic parasitic infection in our country, often recrudesce when the host becomes immunosuppressed. We present two cases with Central Nervous Disease (CNS) involvement. Description: Case 1: 30 year-old male, no opportunistic previous infections,treated with
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3173)
Bruno R, Sacchi P, Debiaggi M, Patruno S, Zara F, Ciappina V, Brunetti E, Zocchetti C, Maffezzini E, Filice G; R. Bruno, IRCCS -S:matteo Hospital University of Pavia, Via Taramelli,5 27100 Pavia, Italy, Tel.: +39 0382 502 691, Fax: +39 0382 529 730, E-mail: r.bruno@smatteo.pv.it
Introduction: A recently identified DNA transfusion transmitted virus (TTV) has been associated to post-transfusion non-A to G hepatitis Objective: Aim of this study is to determinate the prevalence of TTV in patients with HIV infection. Its clinical role in the pathogenesis of liver disease was also evaluated in patie
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3174)
Viel E, Antonini-Canterin F, Di Gennaro G, Lestuzzi C, Vaccher E, Spina M, Cadorin L, Tirelli U, Meneguzzo N; E. Viel, National Cancer Institute, Via Pedemontana 12, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy, Tel.: +39 434 659 284, Fax: +39 434 659 531, E-mail: oma@ets.it
Primary pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare (incidence about 2:10,000) severe disease without any proven effective medical therapy. It seems more frequent in patients (pts) with HIV infection. Up to now, less than 200 cases of PH in HIV pts have been reported (mostly retrospectively) and its etiology has not been ide
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3175)
Puoti M, Bonacini M, Govindarajan S, Spinetti A, Putzolu V, Zanini B, Donato F, Carosi G; M. Puoti, Clinica Malattie Infettive, University of Brescia, P.zzale Spedali Civili 1, I 25123 Brescia, Italy, Tel.: +39 030 3995671, Fax: +39 030 303061, E-mail: puoti_brambilla@iol.it
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between liver fibrosis observed in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection and CD4 lymphocyte depletion. Design: Evaluation of liver biopsies obtained from intravenous drug users with chronic hepatitis C with or without H
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3176)
Abrescia N, Busto A, Figoni M, De Marco M, Viglietti R, Butrico E, Scarano F, Di Nicuolo G; N. Abrescia, "Cotugno" Infectious Diseases Hospital, Via G. Quagliariello, 54, 80131 - Naples, Italy, Tel.: +39-81-5908464, Fax: +39-81-5908466, E-mail: abrescianic@tin.it
Background: It is unclear if HIV-1 RNA levels in the plasma and in the cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) are correlated. The aim of this study is to investigate HIV-1 RNA in HIV nervous compartment. Methods: We enrolled 16 antiretroviral therapy (ART) naives HIV patients. All patients underwent a paired and simultaneous sampl
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3177)
Shor-Posner G, Miguez-Burbano M-J, Lecusay R, Wilkie F, Quesada J, Rincon H, Baum MK; G. Shor-Posner, University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1400 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, United States, Tel.: +1 305 243 4072, Fax: +1 305 243 4687, E-mail: gshor@med.miami.edu
Background: Altered lipid status is a major concern in HIV/AIDS including presentation with hypocholesterolemia (serum cholesterol >150 mg/dL), which has been associated with disturbances in mood state. This study was conducted to enhance understanding of the relationship between cholesterol status and behavior in HIV
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3178)
Raise E, Rosini G, Bechi M; E. Raise, Infectious Disease Division, SS. Giovanni e Paolo Hospital, Castello 6776, Venice, Italy, Tel.: +39 415 294 886, Fax: +39 415 294 884, E-mail: arqle@tin.it
Background: An increased of frequency of osteonecrosis linked to metabolic complications of protease inhibitors (PI) was observed but other risk factors are associated: alcohol abuse, corticosteroid therapy (CT), anticardiolipin antibodies (LAC). We have reviewed data in the venetian cohort (VC) of 250 HIV patients (p
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3179)
McCutchan JA, Letendre S, Ellis R, Rippeth J; J. A. McCutchan, UCSD Treatment Center, 2760 fifth Avenue Suite 300, San Diego CA 92103, United States, Tel.: +619 543 80 80, Fax: +616 298 01 77, E-mail: amccutchan@ucsd.edu
Background and Objective: HIV RNA levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF RNA) correlate with current and predict future cognitive dysfunction and might help monitor therapy, especially with drugs that penetrate the CNS poorly. We investigated the determinants of cognitive improvement during antiretroviral (ARV) treatment
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3180)
Fisher A, Desyatnik M, Baaj A; A. Fisher, Coastal Medical, 400 Reservoir Ave, Providence, Rhode Island 02907, United States, Tel.: +1 401 781 2400, Fax: +1 401 781 2687, E-mail: Alvan_Fisher@Brown.edu
Background: It has been reported that as many as 50% of HIV patients have testosterone deficiency and that hypogonadism may contribute to the AIDS Wasting Syndrome. It is unknown whether these relationships still hold in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Objective: Determine the prevalence of hyp
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3181)
Ellis RJ, Letendre SL, Deutsch R, Hsia K, Spector SA, McCutchan JA, Letendre SL; R. J. Ellis, UCSD HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, 9500 Gilman Drive, (MC 0603-H), La Jolla, CA 92093-6325, United States, Tel.: +619-543-5079, Fax: +619-543-1235, E-mail: roellis@ucsd.edu
Background: Plasma HIV RNA levels are characterized by a subject-specific set point (equilibrium over long intervals) in the absence of treatment changes. Set points have not been demonstrated for HIV RNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Objective: To determine whether HIV RNA in CSF has a set point and if it is different
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3182)
Moreno-Camacho A, Moreno-Martinez A, Vila J, Valls ME, Blanco JL, Martinez E, Mallolas JM, Luna M, Miro JM, Benito N, Garcia F, Gatell JM; A. Moreno-Camacho, Clinic Universitary Hospital, Villarroel 170., 08036 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 227 55 86, E-mail: amoreno@medicina.ub.es
Background: The introduction of HAART has changed the incidence and etiology of diarrhea in HIV-1 infected patients in developed countries. Objective: To evaluate the incidence and etiology of diarrhea before and after the introduction of HAART in Barcelona ( Spain ). Methods: Retrospective study with HIV-1 infection a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3183)
Benito N, Moreno A, Luna M, Miro JM, Danes C, Gonzalez J, Pumarola T, Rani A, Aguste C, Torres A, Garcia F, Gatell JM, Soriano E; N. Benito, Clinic Universitary Hospital, Villarroel 170., 08036 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 330 16 96, E-mail: welby@retemail.es
Background: To study the incidence, etiology and prognostic factors of mortality in 102 consecutive episodes of lung infiltrates (LIs) among 580 HIV-infected patients admitted in a 900-bed tertiary hospital between April 1998 and March 1999. Methods: The study protocol included: chest X-ray, blood and sputum cultures,
Aims: To compare the rate of in-hospital mortality due to liver failure before and after introduction of HAART and to assess the association between the various potential causes of liver disease in anti-HIV seropositives and mortality due to liver failure. Methods: Three hundred and eight in-hospital deaths were observ
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3185)
Perez M; M. Perez, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Brazil, Tel.: +085-021-2781437, E-mail: mperez@pcshop.com.br
Background: The potential for cardiac involvement in AIDS is now well established. Several lesions and ethiopathogenic mechanisms have been described, many of which being able to induce myocardial foci with electrophysiological features prone to the development of reentry. Actually, several arrhythmias and even sudden
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3186)
Perez-Then E, Campa A, Shor-Posner G, Lopez M, Rivas C, Perez O, Miguez-Burbano M-J, Soto S, Cruz E, Baum MK; E. Perez-Then, Av Independencia #2, Esquina Abraham Lincoln, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, Tel.: +(809)533-5373, Fax: +(809)532-6450, E-mail: i.cenismi@codetel.net.do
Background: Cardiac abnormalities have been previously reported in association with HIV-infection in children and adults. The current study reports the cardiac findings in a cohort of HIV+ Dominican children, describing the most relevant cardiac complications and the association with markers of disease progression. Met
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3187)
Moe A, Goldin J, Emerick A, Currier J; A. Moe, UCLA Center for AIDS Research and Education, BH 412 CHS UCLA Medical Center, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095-1793, United States, Tel.: +1 310-206-6414, Fax: +1 310-206-3311, E-mail: amoe@mednet.ucla.edu
Background: Elevated cholesterol(C) has been noted in persons on PIs. EBCT is a useful tool in screening for AS. Methods: EBCT was performed on 17 HIV+ persons, 15 men and 2 women, who had been on PIs >1 year with no history of AS. EBCT was done using conventional protocol: CVS mode 3-mm collimation, 3-mm table feed, E
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3188)
Milazzo F, Capetti A, Faggion I, Garavaglia S, Ravagnan S; F. Milazzo, 1st Dept. Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Via G. B. Grassi, 74, 20157 - Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 2 3579 9452, Fax: +39 2 3579 9452, E-mail: milazzo@ospedalesacco.lom.it
Background: PPH, though a rare event, has not disappeared in the era of HAART and heavily influences the survival of affected patients beyond the benefits of HAART. We present our cohort of PPH patients to evaluate the best approach in our experience. Methods: Of 2.120 HIV+ patients observed in our Department since 199
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3189)
Barbarini G, Barbaro G, Di Lorenzo G, Soldini M, Giancaspro G, Grisorio B, Ciappina V; G. Barbarini, Department of Infectious and Tropical Deseases, Policlinico S Matteo, Paiva, Italy, Tel.: +038 250 2667, Fax: +038 252 9730
Incrased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a ) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) have been reported in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: We investigated the myocardial expression of TNF-a and iNOS in patients with HIV-associated cardiomyopathy (HIV-DCM) compared to patients with idiopathic dilated
Objective: To determine risk factors for development of ADC. Methods: A retrospective hospital-based case-control study among HIV Unit patients over the period 1998-1994 was conducted. Cases required at least stage 1 ADC severity (Price-Brew scale). Controls were randomly selected from St Vincent s Hospital HIV Unit pa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3191)
Blick G, Henry K, Greiger P, Kaplan S, Prasad B, Carey Z, Sasse R, Garton T, Hatton E, Groth K, Runne W, Kelly T, Sachs G, McCartney D, Westerbeck T; G. Blick, Blick Medical Associates, 589 Bedford Street, Stamford, CT 06901, United States, Tel.: +1 203 357 7800, Fax: +1 203 357 7841, E-mail: blickmd@aol.com
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has coinfected over 30% of individuals with HIV in the U.S. We are evaluating EWBH in individuals with HIV/AIDS failing antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV is a heat-labile virus, and EWBH has been shown to be safe in individuals with HIV/AIDS. We report the results of the first known
Background: HIV is a heat-labile virus that may remain dormant in reservoirs for 60 years. Heat may upregulate and/or inactivate HIV. EWBH has been shown to be safe in individuals with HIV/AIDS. HIV is developing drug resistance and causing mitochondrial dysfunction. We are evaluating EWBH in individuals with HIV/AIDS
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3193)
Dutta B, Anderson R, Sherer R, Laudette-Aboulhab J, Kamarulzaman A, Pollard R, Eiznhamer D, Jenta T, Flavin M, Xu Z-Q; B. Dutta, Sarawak MediChem Pharmaceuticals, 12305 South New Avenue, Suite O, Lemont, IL 60439, United States, Tel.: +1-630-257-1500, Fax: +1-630-257-4634, E-mail: bdutta@mcr.medichem.com
Background: (+)-Calanolide A is a potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with twice daily dosing that has been well tolerated in normal healthy volunteers. Objectives: To assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) and preliminary antiviral effect of (+)-calanolide A in HIV-1-infected adults. Methods: In t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3194)
Gray C, Frincke J, Maila H, Reading C, Baraldi E, Beale M, Gray G; C. Gray, National Institute for Virology, Private Bag X4, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa, Tel.: +27 11 321 4292, Fax: +27 11 321 4325, E-mail: cgray@niv.ac.za
Background: South Africa has the fastest global rate of HIV-1 infection with currently 3.5x106 people infected. It is imperative to devise therapies that can halt this epidemic. We report on the in vivo immunomodulatory effects of 16a-bromoepiandrosterone (HE2000). Methods: Treatment-naive HIV-1 patients with CD4>200
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3195)
Havlir D, Hirsch MS, Richman DD, Bassett RL, Gilbert P, Tebas P, Collier A; D. Havlir, UCSD & S.D. VA Medical Center, 2760 Fifth Avenue, Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92103 USA, United States, Tel.: +1 619-543-8080, Fax: +1 619-298-0177, E-mail: dhavlir@ucsd.edu
Background/Purpose: In patients achieving viral suppression (>50 c/ml) with antiviral therapy, intermittent episodes of low-level viremia (HIV RNA 50-200 c/ml) have been correlated with slower decay rates of latently infected cells and increased rates of viral evolution. To determine the frequency and characteristics
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3196)
Clumek N, Girard PM, Telenti A, Rockstroh J, Becker S, Lazzarin A, Brun S, Sun E, Yi XU; N. Clumek, Hopital University, Saint Pierre, Pl 5 Rue Haute 322, Brussels B-1000, Belgium, Tel.: +32 2 535 4172, Fax: +32 2 539 3614
Background: ABT-378/r is a novel HIV protease inhibitor with a trough plasma concentration (Cmin )/EC50 ratio for wild type HIV averaging ³ 30, providing a potential treatment for resistant virus. Currently available protease inhibitors exhibit Cmin /EC50 ratios averaging from 1-4. Methods: Multiple PI experienced/
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3197)
Thompson M, Murphy R, Gulick R, Hicks CB, Eron J, Benson C, Sun E, Yi XU, Brun S; M.Thompson, AIDS Research Consortium Altlanta, 131 Ponce de Leon Ave, Suite 130, Atlanta, GA 30308, United States, Tel.: +1 404 876 2317, Fax: +1 404 872 1701
Background: Efficacy results in studies of HIV therapy are often displayed as the proportion of patients below the level of quantitation of HIV RNA at discrete timepoints. Duration of virologic response analysis (DVR) presents a more complete view of antiviral activity, accounting for data collected across the entire s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3198)
Kessler H, Eron J, Hicks CB, Gulick R, Murphy R, Yi XU, Sun E, Brun S, Benson C; H.Kessler, Rush Presbyterian - St. Luke's Medical Center, 600 South Paulina, Suite 140-143 AF, Chicago, IL 60612, United States, Tel.: +1 312 942 4810
Background: ABT-378/r is a novel HIV protease inhibitor (PI) with trough levels exceeding the EC50 of wild type HIV by at least 30 fold, providing a pharmacologic barrier to the emergence of viral resistance. Phase II trials in antiretroviral (ARV) naive (M97-720; n = 100) and single PI experienced (PI exp.) patients (
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3199)
Excler J-L, Beyrer C; J.-L.Excler, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, One Taft Court, Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850, United States, Tel.: +1 301 251 50 32, Fax: +1 301 294 18 98, E-mail: jlexcler@hiv.hjf.org
Issues: HIV vaccine efficacy could be measured by evaluating complete prevention of HIV infection, reduce time to infection, complete prevention of chronic infection with evidence of transient initial infection, decreased intensity of chronic infection, reduction of transmission (infectiousness) in the population, and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3200)
Li Y-K, Li M, Wang K; Y.-K. Li, Yong Kang Chinese Traditional, Medical Hospital, No 1 of Mu-Fam Road, Hankou 430016, Hubei Province, China, Tel.: +86 27 828 347 58, Fax: +86 27 828 619 84
Background: Most of western drugs for AIDS were more expensive than Chinese traditional medicine and the side-effects were more than most of them. So, looking for some new drugs are very important. Methods: Treat AIDS Related Multiple Organs Lesions with ESOL 15 g Bid 2-3 months each course and 2-3 courses per year, to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3201)
Waisman JL, Palmero DJ, Guemes Gurtubay JL, Francos JL, Bouzas B, Negroni R; J. L.Waisman, Parana 35, (1876) Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tel.: +54 11 425 919 77, Fax: +54 11 425 919 77, E-mail: marceldo@hotmail.com
Background: In the main ID Hospital of Argentina , from 1992 to 1998 were detected 620 MDRTB cases between AIDS patients, initial mortality rate was around 90%. Nevertheless the decrease in the mortality with a proper therapy, the survival time of the patients remained poor because of AIDS associated diseases and the
Objective: to assess the effect of adding an NNRTI (nevirapin) when switching from one PI-containing antiretroviral regimen to a regimen of two NRTI s and nelfinavir . Design: a prospective, open-label, controlled, randomized study. HIV-1 infected patients were included if they had been on 2 NRTI s and one or two PI s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3203)
Hagberg L, Andersson L-M, Svennerholm B, Gisslen M; L.Hagberg, University of Goteborg, Department of Infectious Diseases, 416 85 Goteborg, Sweden, Tel.: +46 31 343 42 24, E-mail: lars.hagberg@medfak.gu.se
HIV-1 RNA levels were longitudinally analysed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)and plasma in 10 antiretroviral naive HIV-1 patients before and after initiation of zidovudine (n = 9) or stavudine (n = 1) in combination with
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3204)
Torres R, Cadman J, George MC, Bartell L, Corbett N; R. Torres, Bentley-Salick Medical Practice, PC, 67 Irving Place, New York, NY 10003, United States, Tel.: +1 212 777 16 00, Fax: +1 212 777 89 00, E-mail: gabrieltop@aol.com
Background: Evidence that antiviral treatment after occupational exposure in healthcare workers prevents HIV infection has spurred interest in the use of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in cases of sexual or injection-drug (nonoccupational) exposures. Methods: Bentley-Salick Medical Practice (BSMP) launched a nonoccupa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3205)
Yurin O, Kravtchenko A, Kanestri V, Serebrovskaya L, Pokrovsky V; O. Yurin, Russian AIDS Centre, 8ya Ulitsa sokolinoy, Gory d15 k2, Moscow 105 275, Russian Federation, Tel.: +7 095 365 30 09, Fax: +7 095 365 46 80
Purpose of The Study: is the primary estimation of the efficiency of the Phosphazid (PhAZT) in HAART. PhAZT is the new nucleotide RT inhibitor which is approved for clinical application in Russia . As a clinical study have demonstrated PhAZT has same antiretroviral activity but significantly lesser toxicity comparing w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3206)
Rockstroh JK, Bergmann F, Wiesel W, Rieke A, Theisen A, Knechten H; J.K.Rockstroh, Univ. of Bonn, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, der Universitet Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany, Tel.: +49 228 287 6558, Fax: +49 228 287 5034, E-mail: rockstroh@uni-bonn.de
Objective: To evaluate the virological efficacy and safety of a quadruple therapy with 2 nucleoside analogues and ritonavir 2 x 400 mg/d + indinavir 2 x 400 mg/d combination in antiretroviral naive patients. Methods: 92 antiretroviral naive patients with high m
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3207)
Jordan W, Jefferson R, Yemofio F, Tolbert L, Conlan V, Carroll H, Green DC, Green A, Green R; W. Jordan, OASIS Clinic and AIDS Program, Post Office Box 11705, Columbia, South Carolina 29211, United States, Tel.: +1-803-779 72 57
Background: Treatment regimens based on protease inhibitors (PIs) and nucleoside analogues (NRTIs) are associated with complex dosing regimens and long-term toxicity, including lipodystrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction. There is therefore a need for more tolerable, yet effective, treatment regimens. NNRTIs are incre
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3208)
de Truchis P, Force G, Welker Y, Mechali D, Pulik M, Chemlal K, Rouveix E, Devidas A, Praindhui D, Mamet J-P; P.de Truchis, Hopital R. Poincare, 104, boulevard R. Poincare, 92380 Garches, France, Tel.: +33 1 47 10 77 58, Fax: +33 1 47 10 77 67, E-mail: dp71486@ggr.co.uk
Background: Success of antiretroviral therapy is influenced by the intrinsic potency of the agents, subjects tolerance and adherence to the treatment regimen. Because of a potential for long-term toxicities and a heavy pill burden/dietary constraints associated with the current standard triple therapy PI containing re
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3209)
Kazanjian P, Kaul D, Tashima K, Hollander T, Armstrong W, Riddell IV J; P. Kazanjian, University of Michigan, HIV/AIDS Treatment Program, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, 3120B Taubman Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0378, United States, Tel.: +1 734 936 52 15, Fax: +1 734 763 57 93, E-mail: pkazanji@umich.edu
Background: This study was performed to investigate whether prior nucleoside (NRTI) experience influences the long-term virologic response to a protease inhibitor (PI) regimen. Methods: Charts of 142 patients who started a PI (excluding saquinavir hgc as a sole PI) with 2 NRTIs between Jan1996 and Jan1998 at the H
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3210)
Bickel M, Rickerts V, Klauke S, Gould J, Goldbach j, Miller V, Staszewski S; M. Bickel, JW Goethe-Universitet, ZIM, Infektionsambulanz, Haus 68, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany, Tel.: +49 69 6301 7478, Fax: +49 69 6301 6051, E-mail: markusbickel@hotmail.com
Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Abacavir (ABC) + Efavirenz (EFV) when substituted for a PI in HIV-1 infected pts. treated with 2 NRTIs and a PI with HIV-1 RNA (vRNA) >50 c/ml, and to evaluate the effect of PI-sparing regimens on metabolic distu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3211)
Ferrer E, Podzamczer DL, Estela J, Perez J, Sole R, Lozano L, Lacasa JM, Consiglio E, Casado A, Perez JL, Gudiol F; E. Ferrer, Hospital de Bellvitge, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet, 08907 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 260 76 68, Fax: +34 93 260 76 69, E-mail: eferrer@csub.scs.es
Objective: To describe changes in HIV-1 RNA in the CSF of a subgroup of patients included in a randomized study comparing two HAART regimens. Methods: COMBINE is a randomized multicenter study comparing the efficacy and safety of CNr bid versus CNf bid in 142 HIV-1 infected naive patients. A substudy of HIV-1 RNA in CS
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3212)
Carlesimo M, Bernardi ML, Marziali M, Fezza R, Ferrara R, Mezzaroma I, Sacco G, Aiuti F; M. Carlesimo, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Viale dell'Universite 37, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 6 499 720 17, Fax: +39 6 446 62 09, E-mail: mezzaroma@uniroma1.it
Background: To evaluate the possibility of CD4+ T lymphocyte functional recovery in HIV-1-seropositive patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: A group of 20 patients (361 ± 113 (228ndash;616) CD4+ T-cells/?l; 4.67 ± 0.56 (3.6ndash;5.85) log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml), pre-treated
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3213)
Podzamczer D, Ferrer E, Perez P, Manos M, Lozano L, Consiglio E, Perez JL, Romagosa V, Gatell JM, Gudiol F; D. Podzamczer, Hospital de Bellvitge, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 2607 668, Fax: +34 93 2607 669, E-mail: dpodzamczer@csub.scs.es
Background: Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors seem to be valid alternatives to protease inhibitors , with similar antiretroviral potency in plasma and better tolerance and compliance. However, there is very little data regarding their activity in lymphoid tissue. Objective: To evaluate the HIV-1 RNA viral
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3214)
Guardiola JM, Domingo P, Sambeat MA, Cadafalch J, Fuste M, Ris J, Barrio J, Gurgu M, Vazquez G; J.M. Guardiola, Sant Pau Hospital. Internal Medicine, Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 291 9343, Fax: +34 93 291 9269, E-mail: 25557jgt@comb.es
Background: The aim of the study was to find a more economical, better tolerated and more easily administered therapy with a combination of two NRTI s with NVP. Methods: A 32 week randomized study comparing the safety and activity of d4T 40 mg q12h +
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3215)
Francisco; on behalf Antunes; Francisco; on behalfAntunes, Hosp. Sta. Maria, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, Tel.: + 351 21 797 6242, Fax: + 351 21 793 8043, E-mail: ip231874@ip.pt
Background: Simplification of antiretroviral drug regimens, without loss of potency, is crucial to achieving adherence to therapy. This study compares the antiviral activity and safety of zalcitabine BID + zidovudine (ZDV) + a protease inhibitor (PI) to th
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3216)
Le Moing V; V. Le Moing, Hopital Bichat, 46, rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France, Tel.: 33 1 40 25 78 03, Fax: 33 1 40 25 88 60, E-mail: lpi@bichat.inserm.fr
Background: Changes of the PI component in PI-containing regimens are frequent in routine care of HIV-infected pts. Reasons for change and the impact of change on further virological outcome have rarely been studied. Methods: APROCO, a multicentre cohort study, enrolled 1283 pts starting a PI-containing regimen in 1997
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3217)
Viciana P, Garcia R, Martin P, Galvez C, Vergara A, Marquez M, Valdayo MJ, ECAV01 t; PompeyoViciana, SAEI, Andalusian Society of Infectious Diseases, Reposo 6, planta baja 6, 41002 Sevilla, Spain, Tel.: +34954389553, Fax: +34954375351, E-mail: st.saei@arrakis.es
Background: to compare tolerance and efficacy of d4T + liquid RTV + SQV-HCG vs. ZDV + 3TC + IDV Methods: 132 patients were enrolled in an open, prospective, controlled, randomized and multicenter clinical trial among PI and 3TC naive adults HIV infected, with V
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3218)
Hartmann M, Brust J, Mosthaf F, Klinker H, Procacchianti M; M. Hartmann, University of Heidelberg, Department Dermatology, Vosstr. 2, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany, Tel.: +49 6221 568 580, Fax: +49 6221 564 917, E-mail: martin_hartmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de
Background: Efavirenz (Sustivae) has been shown to be highly effective in antiretroviral naive patients when used with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. We conducted a prospective observational study in 119 patients and present the data after 54 weeks of therapy. Methods: A single-arm open-labeled study of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3219)
Teira R, Santamaria JM, Camara del Mar M, Escobar A, Lopez de Munain J, Zuber Z, Munoz P, Baraia-Etxaburu J, Cisterna R;;; R. Teira, Hospital de Basurto, Seccion de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital de Basurto, Avenida de Montevideo 18, 48013 Bilbao, Spain, Tel.: +34 94 400 6000, Fax: +34 94 400 6180, E-mail: rteira@hbas.osakidetza.net
Background: The relative effectiveness of Ritonavir (RTV), Saquinavir (SQV) and Indinavir (IDV) has not been compared Methods: All patients attending our HIV-clinics between december 97
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3220)
Eron J, Para M, McKinley G, Wathen L, Greenwald C, Cox S, Oranje P, Freimuth W; J. Eron, University of North Carolina, Infectious Diseases, CB 7030, 547 Burnett-Womack, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7030, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 2536, Fax: +1 919 966 6714, E-mail: jeron@med.unc.edu
Background: Nephrolithiasis is reported in approximately 9.3% of patients receiving indinavir in clinical trials. When IDV 600 mg is combined with DLV 400 mg TID, DLV inhibits IDV metabolism resulting in IDV Cmin and AUC increases of 424% and 45% when compared to the values achieved with 800 mg IDV TID.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3221)
Schranz J, Nadler J, Fessel WJ, Kirkland L, Maloney S, Holstine J, Dobbins T, Bird S, Wilson H, Gormley G; J. Schranz, Merck & C0., Sumneytown and Broad Street, HM-222, West Point, Pa, 19486, United States, Tel.: +1 215 328 24 90, Fax: +1 215 328 24 44, E-mail: jennifer_schranz@merck.com
Background: Combining 2 potent PIs with 2 NRTIs may increase antiviral activity compared to a single PI containing regimen. BID dosing regimens may improve adherence and convenience of HIV therapy. Objectives: This study compares the safety and activity of a twice daily (BID) 4 drug regimen (
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3222)
Baker R, Gazzard BG, Nelson M; R. Baker, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 0181 746 5610, Fax: +44 0181 746 8537, E-mail: sandra.mead@chelwest.org
Objective: To assess response to HAART in individuals commencing therapy with CD4 less than 100 Methods: a retrospective analysis of 106 ART naive patients whose CD4 counts were less than 100, 63 of whom had counts less than 50 on initiation was performed six months into treatment. Patients taking ART combinations with
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3223)
Rawlings K, Farthing C, Brown L, Racine J, Williams V, Scott R, Goodwin D, Shaefer M; K. Rawlings, Southeast Dallas Health Center, 9202 Elam Road, Dallas, TX 75217-4151, United States, Tel.: +214-590-1605, Fax: +214-590-1790, E-mail: mkrawl@parknet.pmh.org
Background: Although infection with HIV in the U.S. is steadily increasing among ethnic minorities, women and injection drug users (IDUs), these populations are often under-represented in clinical trials of antiretrovirals. Objective: To evaluate the impact of an educational intervention (4 modules of T.H.E. `Tools for
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3224)
Post J, Williams C; J. Post, Mcdowell HCC, 4021 N 30 th st, ste 4, Phoenix, Az 85016-6810, United States, Tel.: +1 602 344 6550, Fax: +1 602 344 6551, E-mail: jmpost@hotmail.com
Background: Nelfinavir (NFV) dosed bid has shown efficacy in patients antiretroviral (ARV) naive or protease inhibitor (PI) inexperienced. This trial examined switching NFV 750 mg tid to 1250 mg bid in NFV experienced patients on a stable ARV regimen. Methods: Patients attending a community HIV clinic were eligible
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3225)
Coplan P, Cook JR, Nguyen BY, Hawe L, Ghosh K, Leavitt R; P. Coplan, Merck and Co., Inc., PO Box 4, BL 1-7, Ble Bell, PA 19486, United States, Tel.: +1 610 397 7473, Fax: +1 610 397 2992, E-mail: paul_coplan@merck.com
Background: In a double-blind randomized trial (Protocol 037), we compared the quality of life (QoL) changes in HIV-positive patients treated with indinavir (IDV) and stavudine ( d4T ) vers
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3227)
Jordan W, Nebiolo L, Wall W; W. Jordan, Oasis Clinic, King Drew Medical Center, 16660 Paramount Boulevard, Paramount, CA 90723, United States, Tel.: +1 310 630 14 15, E-mail: Tojo44@aol.com
Background: Serono AIDS Investigator Database Survey (SeronoAIDS) is a, multicenter, open-label, longitudinal patient registry. It was designed to collect data on the safety, efficacy, patterns of usage of Serostim and other interventions for the HIV-related wasting population. Purpose: To evaluate if Serostim at cur
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3228)
Hathaway B, Joseph Wheat L; B. Hathaway, ECU School of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases 3E-117, Brody Building, Greenville, NC 27858, United States, Tel.: +1 252 816 32 56, Fax: +1 252 816 34 72, E-mail: bhathaway@brody.med.ecu.edu
Background: An analysis of changes in lipid metabolism associated with BID or TID regimens of the potent protease inhibitor (PI), Fortovase® (FTV), was performed. Lipid and glucose levels collected during study NR15520, comparing the antiretroviral (ARV) activity and safety of FTV BID and TID regimens, were assessed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3229)
Lalezari J, Siemon-Hryczyk P, Feinberg J, Sension M, Macko J, Seput-Dingle F, Duff F; J. Lalezari, Quest Clinical Research, 2300 Sutter Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, United States, Tel.: +1 415 353 08 00, Fax: +1 415 353 08 01
Background: Fortovase (tm) ( Saquinavir Soft Gel Capsules, FTV) is shown to be a potent protease inhibitor (PI) in combination regimens. The objective of this study is to compare the antiviral activity and safety of FTV given twice daily (BID), either as the sole
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3230)
Hathaway B, Wheat LJ, Macko J, Hu H, Siemon-Hryczyk P, de Caprariis JP; B.Hathaway, ECU School of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases 3E-117, Brody Building, Greenville, NC 27858, United States, Tel.: +1 252 816 32 56, Fax: +1 252 816 34 72, E-mail: bhathaway@brody.med.ecu.edu
Background: An analysis of changes in lipid metabolism associated with BID or TID regimens of the potent protease inhibitor (PI), Fortovase (tm) (FTV), was performed. Lipid and glucose levels collected during study NR15520, comparing the antiretroviral (ARV) activity and safety of FTV BID and TID regimens, were assess
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3231)
Proenca P, Sa J, Xavier A, Brito P, Soares S, Pocas J; P. Proenca, Av. Luisa Todi n° 279, 5°A, 2900 Setubal, Portugal, Tel.: +351 917 355 473, E-mail: isabelp@iseg.utl.pt
Background: To evaluate the adherence, effectiveness and adverse effects of once daily antiretoviral therapy among intravenous drugs users (IDU) infected with HIV, living in Setubal, Portugal Methods: We analysed retrospectively the results of 67 patiets taking once daily nev+
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3232)
Estrada V, De Gorgolas M, Roca V, De Villar N, Tellez MJ; V. Estrada, Medicina Interna, Hospital Clinico, San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 913 303 538, E-mail: vestradap@medynet.com
Background: The association of Indinavir (IDV) with low-dose Ritonavir (RTV) improves pharmacokinetic profile of IDV and allows BID administration without meal restrictions. Concerns have been raised about the tolerance of this combination because of the high i
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3233)
Koch J; J. Koch, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Ave, 3D, San Francisco, CA 94110, United States, Tel.: +1 415 206 4753, Fax: +1 415 641 0745, E-mail: hannes@itsa.ucsf.edu
Background: Diarrhea is a cause of morbidity and impacts quality of life of many patients with AIDS. Methods: In a pivotal Phase III trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of SP-303 (a naturally occurring botanical) in the treatment of chronic diarrhea in 400 patients with AIDS. Subjects were admitted to an inpati
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3234)
Gathiram V, Gehring P, Bell B, Quinn J, Miralles D, Sereni D, Moxham C, Rousseau F, Arasteh K, Wood R, McIntyre J, Zeier M; V. Gathiram, University of Natal, Department of Medicine, 179 Umbilo Road, PO Box 17039, Congella, 40136, South Africa, Tel.: +27 82 783 67 07, Fax: +27 31 260 44 20, E-mail: bellbl@tripharm.com
EMV is a potent NNRTI with convenient BID dosing that has been well tolerated in clinical trials. This study examined the antiviral activity, safety, and tolerability of EMV in combination with d4T and 3TC . 162 volunteers with HIV-1 were randomized (1:1) to rece
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3235)
Florence E, Dreezen C, Smets E, Pelgrom J, Desmet P, Colebunders R; E. Florence, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium, Tel.: +32 3 247 64 65, Fax: +32 3 247 64 32, E-mail: eflorence@itg.be
Background: HIV clinical trials are often analysed using different methods to measure outcome parameters. Comparing results generated by different methods can lead to misinterpretation. Methods: The Iris study was a 2 arm open, randomised multicentre clinical trial among protease-inhibitor (PI) naive patients. Arm A:
Background: While clinical trials of antiretroviral agents assess the short-term ability and safety of drugs used to treat a chronic infection, the long-term efficacy of these agents to suppress HIV replication is less well known. The objective of this study was to determine the level of virologic control, immunologic
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3237)
Bouchaud O, Ralaimazava P, Longuet C, Aumaitre H, Coulaud JP; O. Bouchaud, Maladies Infectieuses & Tropicales, Hopital Bichat Claude Bernard 46, rue H. Huchard, 75018 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 140 257 807, Fax: +33 142 295 300, E-mail: olivier.bouchaud@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr
Background: Only few data are available on tolerance and efficacy of anti-retroviral therapy in African patients. Efavirenz (EFV) is a very potent drug but neuro-psychiatric side-effects (dizziness, nightmare...) could limit its use in African patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study in Decem
Background: HIV-1 infection in children considerably impairs growth to the point of being considered an AIDS-defining symptom. We prospectively studied the impact of antiretroviral treatment (ART) including a protease inhibitor (PI) on growth.Methods: Patients were derived from an ongoing prospective study in HIV-1 inf
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3239)
Nadal D, Steiner F, Cheseaux J-J, Aebi C, Wyler Lazarevitch CA, Kind C, Rudin C; D. Nadal, University Children's Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland, Tel.: +41 1 266 71 11, Fax: +41 1 266 71 57, E-mail: dnadal@kispi.unizh.ch
Background: Knowledge about the long-term effect of antiretroviral treatment (ART) containing a protease inhibitor (PI) in the paediatric population is still limited. This study was conducted to assess the long-term antiretroviral and immunologic response to PI in children infected with HIV-1. Methods: Open-label, pros
Background: to determine the antiretroviral effect of drug combinations of NRTI and protease inhibitors (PI) including EFV as antiretroviral salvage-therapy in HIV-infected children. Methods: Thirteen children (>16 ys) with a median age of 10.5 years were changed to combina
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3241)
Tudor AM, Petrea S, Jugulete G, Mardarescu M, Luminos M, Petre C, Mantescu R, Duma D, Gheorghe E; A.M. Tudor, Matei Bals Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1 Grozovici, sector 2, Bucharest, 72205, Romania, Tel.: +40 12 105 070/12 105 182, Fax: +40 12 122 645, E-mail: pav4aids@kappa.ro
Background: The aim of the study was to appreciate the incidence of adverse reactions of different associations of antiretrovirals (ARV). Methods: We have studied 67 HIV infected children treated with different associations of ARV 12 month. We have monitorised them and noted adverse reactions of ARV therapy. There were
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3242)
Mitchla Z, Sharland M, Ramos J, Delmas N, Bastero R, Fortuny C, De Jose MI, Phivlig; Z. Mitchla, St. George's Hospital, Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, 5th Floor Lanesborough Wing, St. George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, London. SW17 0QT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 208 725 3262, Fax: +44 208 725 3262, E-mail: zuber.m@dial.pipex.com
Background: To investigate the factors that influence outcomes on treatment with nelfinavir as part of HAART in children with HIV-1 infection in the UK and Spain . Method: European collaborative audit using prospective observational analysis to correlate treatment variables with outcome data of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3244)
Wood L, Serchuck L, Dimitrov D, Sandelli S, Zuckerman J, Folts S, Sandifer E, Jankelevich S, Jacobsen F, Jarosinski P, Venzon D, Zeichner S, Yarchoan R; L. Wood, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bldg. 10 Rm 13N240, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States, Tel.: +301 402 0199, Fax: +301-402-0575, E-mail: lw51p@nih.gov
Background: Hydroxyurea (HU) is a cytostatic chemotherapeutic agent shown to have potent antiretroviral activity in vitro and in vivo when given with ddI and/or d4T . We investigated preliminary antiviral responses and toxicity in a cohort of heavily pretreat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3245)
Castelli Gattinara G, Bernardi S, Krzysztofiak A, Cancrini C, Rossi P, children Italian Register of HIV infect in; G. Castelli Gattinara, Bambino Gesu Hospital, p. S. Onofrio 4, 00165 - Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 6 6859 2190, Fax: +39 6 6859 2508, E-mail: castelli@opbg.net
Objective: In the frame of the activities of the Italian Register of HIV infection in Children, a study was planned to determinate the incidence, severity and long term appearance of side effects of HAART and to investigate policy and practice relating to the management of those side effects. Methods: A postal survey q
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3246)
Gibb D, Giaquinto C, Debra M, Darbyshire J, Babiker A, Aboulker JP, Jones A, Gersten M; D. Gibb, PENTA Steering Committee, MRC Clinical Trials Unit, 222 Euston Road, London NW1 2DA, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 207 670 4710, Fax: +44 207 670 4818, E-mail: d.gibb@ctu.mrc.ac.uk
Methods: ZDV + 3TC , ZDV + abacavir (ABC) and 3TC + ABC were compared in ART naive children from 7 European countries and 1 Brazilian centre. Children were also either randomised to NFV or placebo (NFVp) in a factorial design (part A); or received open-label NFV
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3247)
Palmisano L, Vigano A, Andreotti M, Bricalli D, Binelli A, Giuliano M, Pirillo M, Sala N, Vella S; L. Palmisano, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Laboratory of Virology, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39-06-493 840 21, Fax: +39-06-493 871 99, E-mail: l.palmisano@vella.iss.it
Background: HAART contribution to T-cell recovery in children exhibiting different virologic responses has not been completely delucidated. Patients and Methods: Nine PI-naive HIV infected children, aged 5 months-10.5 years (mean 5.7 yrs), started a triple antiretroviral regimen including
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3248)
Fiore S, Newell M-L; S. Fiore, Institute of Child Health, Department of Epidemiology, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 207 905 21 05, Fax: +44 207 813 81 45, E-mail: s.fiore@ich.ucl.ac.uk
Background: To describe the process of setting up a multicenter clinical trial in European countries and factors affecting the decision of HIV-pregnant women to withhold their consent to participate. Methods: 27 reference centres in Italy , Spain , Sweden , England,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3249)
Sapalya R, Jaykar A, Dongaonkar D, Angadi S, Hira S, Narkhede N, Fernandes C; R. Sapalya, AIDS Research and Control Centre, AIDS Research & Control Centre, 43, Skin and STD Building, Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Byculla, Mumbai - 400008, India, Tel.: +91 374 21 93, Fax: +91 444 03 78, E-mail: did@bom5.vsnl.net.in
Background: To compare cell-free HIV-1 in plasma, colostrum and breast milk among HIV sero-positive mothers in Mumbai, India . Patients and Methods: Between August and November 1998, pregnant women attending prenatal clinic at T.N. Medical College and BYL Nair Hospital in Central Mumbai were offered behavioral interve
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3250)
Merchant R, Damania K, Karkare J, Bhagwat R, Oswal J; R. Merchant, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for children, Parel, 400 012 Mumbai, India, Tel.: +91 22 6428 782, Fax: +91 22 3001 017, E-mail: nwmhrhm@bom7.vsnl.net.in
Background: From Jan 1993 to Dec 1999, 80,000 pregnant women have been screened for their HIV status. A progressive increase in the seroprevalence of HIV in this low risk population was noted, the current prevalence being 1.34%. In women in whom no perinatal intervention was adopted, the rate of vertical transmission
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3251)
Rubini NP, Leal DW, P. Cordovil AV, Arabe J, Rocco R, Lima AJ, Linares JC, Ponte AM, Morais-de-Sb CA; N.P.M. Rubini, University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Leite Leal, 135 / bl 1/ apto 505, Laranjeiras - Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 22240-100, Brazil, Tel.: 55-21-205 4000, Fax: 55-21-225 2061, E-mail: rubini@montreal.com.br
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission has been demonstrated to be effective and its widespread use in developed countries has significantly reduced the rates of vertical HIV transmission. In this study we analysed the efficacy and safety of therapeutic interventions to pre
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3252)
Katner HP, Boddy MG, Leslie J, Owens KB, Bailey KL, Patel NA, Buchanan AD, Smith MU; H.P. Katner, Medical Center of Central Georgia, 777 Hemlock St. Hospital Box 79, Macon, GA 31201, United States, Tel.: +1 912 301 5850, Fax: +1 912 301 5856, E-mail: Katner_hp@Mercer.EDU
Background: Vertical transmission of HIV-1 from mothers to infants is markedly reduced when zidovudine or nevirapine is taken during gestation. Single drug therapy, however, is not optimal treatment of HIV infection in the mother.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3253)
Roongpisuthipong A, Siriwasin W, Asavapiriyanont S, Chaisilwattana P, Shaffer N, Mock P, Young N, Mastro T, Simonds RJ; A. Roongpisuthipong, Siriraj Hospital Department of OB-GYN, DMS6 Building MOPH, Tivanon Road, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 2 591 83 58, Fax: +66 2 591 54 43, E-mail: rxs5@cdc.gov
Background: With the implementation of interventions to prevent mother-infant HIV transmission in developing countries, many HIV-infected women are being diagnosed during pregnancy. Identifying predictors of disease progression during pregnancy may help guide their management and counseling. Methods: In a randomized, b
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3254)
Lallemant M, Le Coeur S, Jourdain G, Vithayasai V, Chanpa J, Tantiyaworawonse C, Bhakeecheep S, Kim S; M. Lallemant, 57/2 Faham Road, Soi 3 (Wat Langka), Muang, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand, Tel.: +66 53 852 372, Fax: +66 53 240 544, E-mail: ntphpt@loxinfo.co.th
Background: PHPT is a clinical trial in Thailand assessing the efficacy of ZDV prophylaxis of various duration for perinatal HIV prevention. Methods: Multicenter, randomized, 4 arm, double-blind equivalence trial comparing ZDV 300mg bid starting at 28 wks gestational age (GA) for mothers and ZDV 2mg/kg q6hrs for 6 wks
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3255)
Gray G, Volaris A, McIntyre J, Kargl D, Blum M, Harris J, Wang L, Moxham C, Rousseau F; G. Gray, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Old Potchefstroom Road, Soweto, 2013, South Africa, Tel.: +27 119 381 534, Fax: +27 119 383 984, E-mail: gray@pixie.co.za
EMV is a potent NNRTI with convenient BID dosing that has been well tolerated in clinical trials in HIV-infected volunteers. Fourteen HIV-1 infected pregnant women were enrolled in 1 of 2 cohorts. Women were stratified based on HIV-1 RNA at screening to receive zidovudine (ZDV) 300 mg BID (HIV-1 R
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3256)
Samelson R, Tuomala R, Burchett S, Shapiro D, Ciupak G, McNamera J, Pollack H; R. Samelson, Albany Medical College, 11 Herber Avenue, Delmar, NY 12054, United States, Tel.: +1 518 262-5100, Fax: +1 518 262 5902, E-mail: samelsr@mail.amc.edu
Objective: To describe mode of delivery and duration of ruptured membranes (DROM) among 465 HIV-infected women delivering between 1/1/98 and 5/16/99 Study Design: Retrospective medical record abstraction of data from pregnancies in HIV-infected women at one of 32 clinical sites participating in the Pediatric ACTG. Resu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3257)
Humphrey J, Iliff P, Nathoo K, Mahomva A, Malaba L, Zijenah L, Zvandasara P, Mutasa K, Chidawanyika H, Mbizvo M, Ruff A, Propper L, Moulton L, Ward B; J. Humphrey, AVITAMBO Project, 21 Van Praagh Avenue, Milton Park, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel.: +263-4-781-532, Fax: +263-4-708-413, E-mail: zvitambo@icon.co.zw
ZVITAMBO is a 4-arm placebo-controlled trial of the impact of a single oral dose of vitamin A given to mothers (400,000 IU) and/or neonates (50,000 IU) within 96 h of delivery on 3 outcomes: 1) Infant mortality: Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) of preschool children is a cornerstone child survival intervention, but the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3258)
Galli L, Peruzzi M, Ballotti S, de Luca M, Farina S, de Martino M; L. Galli, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Via Luca Giordano,13-50131 Florence, Italy, Tel.: +39 55 566 2540, Fax: +39 55 566 2400, E-mail: l.galli@ao-meyer.toscana.it
Background: The effectiveness of antiretroviral chemoprophylaxis for prevention of HIV-1 perinatal transmission has been largely assessed, but concerns exist about drug toxicity in exposed infants. We evaluated serum gamma-glutamyl tranferase (GGT), alanine aminotranferase (ALT) and total bilirubin levels as a measure
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3260)
Hauptman S, Lewis S; S. Hauptman, Suite 100, 1233 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States, Tel.: +1 215 731 94 46, Fax: +1 215 731 94 49, E-mail: sebachman@aol.com
Background: RTV/IDV significantly reduces HIV replication and has superior tolerability to IDV alone. For IDV to be effective against HIV replication it must be administered every 8 hours on an empty stomach to prevent plasma IDV levels from decreasing below the EC50 for wild-type HIV. However, RTV/IDV administered tw
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3261)
Belec L, Piketty C, Si Mohamed A, Goujon C, Hallouin M-C, Cotigny S, Weiss L, Kazatchkine MD; L. Belec, Hopital Broussais, Laboratoire de Virologie, 96 Rue Didot, 75014 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 1 439 580 54, Fax: +33 1 439 580 55, E-mail: laurent.belec@brs.ap-hop-paris.fr
Background: Approximately 20% of patients on a triple drug combination including a protease inhibitor (HAART) in clinical cohorts exhibit a sustained CD4 T cell response for at least 12 months despite virologic failure. Several mechanisms may account for such discrepant responses to treatment, including prevention of T
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3262)
Belec L, Si Mohamed A, Kazatchkine MD, Heard I, Goujon C, Prazuck T, Aymard G, Hallouin M-C, Diquet B, Matta M, Malkin J-E; L. Belec, Hopital Broussais, Laboratoire de Virologie, 96 Rue Didot, 75014 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 1 439 580 54, Fax: +33 1 439 580 55, E-mail: laurent.belec@brs.ap-hop-paris.fr
Background: To investigate the effect of antiretroviral treatment of cervicovaginal secretions (HIV load, selection of resistant variants, diffusion of antiretroviral drugs).Methods. We evaluated HIV-1 RNA, proviral DNA and antiretroviral drug-resistant variants in cervicovaginal secretions of HIV-1-infected women rec
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3263)
Zazzi M, Romano L, Venturi G, Riccio ML, Ferruzzi R, Corsi P, Leoncini F, Incandela L, Gonnelli A, Valensin PE; M. Zazzi, University of Siena, Via Laterina 8, 53100 Siena, Italy, Tel.: +39 0577 233 850, Fax: +39 0577 233 870, E-mail: zazzi@unisi.it
Background: Combination therapy with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and a protease inhibitor (PI) is the standard of care for HIV-1 infection. The rate of development and the significance of genotypic resistance to the PI portion of three-drug regimens in a clinical setting have not been define
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3264)
Hira S, Fernandes C, Bakshani J, Mahulkar S, Sapalya R; S. Hira, Aids Research & Control Centre (Arcon), 502 Debonair Apts, Cadell Road, Mahim (W), Mumbai 400 016, India, Tel.: +91 22 444 20 28, Fax: +91 22 444 03 78, E-mail: subhash.hira@lwbbs.net
Background: 1. To study gender preference for ARV therapy; 2. To monitor effectiveness of ARV therapy. Patients & Methods: A self selected cohort of 90 adult patients with confirmed HIV infection was monitored at ARCON Centre, Sir JJ Hospital, Mumbai between 1996 and 1999. Most patients were staged as AIDS (CD>200/
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3265)
Bertelli D, Stellini R, Quiros Roldan E, Ghezzi A, Cadeo GP; D. Bertelli, Via de Vitalis n.40, 251 00 Brescia, Italy, Tel.: +39 030 3995 682, Fax: +39 030 3995 50 30
Objective: To evaluate the role of genotypic HIV-resistance profiles to guide the therapeutic choice in multi-drug experienced patients failing the ongoing antiretroviral regimen. Methods: As sequencing system the TruGene(tm) HIV-1 assay (Visible Genetics) was used. Classification of the mutations was established acco
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3266)
Loveday C; CliveLoveday, Royal Free & University College MS, Dept Retrovirology, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 171 830 2277, Fax: +44 171 830 2278, E-mail: cloveday@doctors.org.uk
Background: The evolution of drug-resistant HIV-1 viruses in patients on HAART reduces the benefit of therapy over time and poses a threat to present and future clinical care. This open retrospective study determined the current prevalence of drug-associated mutations in a unique ongoing cohort of patients from across
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3267)
Dronda F, Casado J, Moreno S, Antela A, Garcia-Arata I, Perez-Elcas MJ; F. Dronda, Ramon y Cajal Hosp., C/ General Moscardo 32 1A, Madrid 28020, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 534 05 40, Fax: +34 91 535 26 01
Objectives: To determine the efficacy of a rescue regimen with a double protease inhibitor (PI)-containing regimen, according to prior use of PIs, exposure to saquinavir (SQV) and baseline genotypic pattern. Methods: Prospective, non-randomized study of 53 PI-experienced patients who had failed in a regimen with
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3268)
Brigido L, Rodrigues R, Casseb J, Milanello W, Almeida A, Orii N, Duarte A; L.Brigido, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Ave. Dr. Arnaldo 355, Brazil, Tel.: 55 11 30 61 0111 ext 2073, Fax: 55 11 881 71 90, E-mail: lbrigido@usp.br
Background: Aviremia (undetectable viral load) is the objective of current ART guidelines. However, in the real world, this is not an easily attainable goal. We tried to determine if attenuation of HIV-1 replication with ART had any effect in immunological and clinical outcome. Methods: 172 HIV-1-infected patients stud
Background: NNRTIs exert a potent activity against HIV-1, although the development of single mutations at critical sites within the RT gene can reduce or even annul their activity. It is general believe that cross-resistance between the current available NNRTIs is quite prominent and does not allow their use sequential
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3270)
Miro JM, Pumarola T, Garcia F, Arnedo M, Arnedo M, Vidal C, Lozano L, Cruceta A, Tortajada C, Martinez E, Plana M, Mallolas J, Gallart T, Gatell JM; J.M. Miro, Hospital Clinic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 227 5586, Fax: +34 93 451 4438, E-mail: miro@medicina.ub.es
Background: The aim of this study was to know the transmission rate of resistant HIV-1 strains in patients with primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) in Barcelona ( Spain ) during the last 3 years (1997-1999). Methods: HIV-1 infection was diagnosed by ELISA & Western-blot.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3271)
Harrigan P, Hertogs K, Larder B, Yip B, Hogg R, O'Shaughnessy M; P. Harrigan, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 603-1081 Burrard St, Vancouver BC, Canada, Tel.: +1 604 806 8281, Fax: +1 604 806 8464
Background: Decreased susceptibility to non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) has been reported in many newly infected individuals, but the impact on response to therapy has not been quantified. Methods: Baseline drug susceptibility (Virco Antivirogram) and genotype were measured retrospectively in a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3272)
Katzenstein D; DavidKatzenstein, Stanford University, Division of Infectious Disease, S-156, SUMC, Stanford, California 94305, United States, Tel.: +1 650 725 8304, Fax: +1 650 725 2395, E-mail: davidkk@leland.stanford.edu
Background. Antiretroviral therapy (ARV) in the US and Europe has evolved from zidovudine (ZDV) to 15 drugs from 3 classes. Trials have demonstrated clinical effectiveness of ARV. In resource limited settings recommended triple drug combinations are affordable to a small fraction of infected individuals.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3273)
D'Arminio Monforte A, Cozzi-Lepri A, Balotta C, Facchi G, Forbici F, Colomba A, Arlotti M, Perno CF; A. D'Arminio Monforte, L Sacco Hospital, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 - Milan, ITALY, Italy, Tel.: +39023567031, Fax: +39023560805, E-mail: a-darm1@mailserver.unimi.it
Obective: To estimate the prevalence of HIV-1 mutations (M) in the reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) regions and to relate it to HIV-RNA and CD4 count at the time of resistance testing, in HIV-pos naive patients (pts). Methods: 325 HIV-pos naive pts belonging to the I.CO.N.A. cohort (Italian observational c
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3274)
Alfonso Nunez R, Tassinari P, Cavazza ME, Correnti M, Briceo H, Roman R, Gil L, Amair R, Kouris E; R. Alfonso Nunez, Hospital de Clinicas Caracas, Edif Anexo. cons 1100, Av Panteon, San Bernardino, Caracas 101, Venezuela, Tel.: +(582) 5086245-5746664, Fax: +(582)9784608, E-mail: Ricalf@cantv.net, adihua@hotmail.com
Objectives: To evaluate the HIV viral replication in semen and lymph nodes from HIV infected persons receiving treatment with 2 or 3 antiretroviral drugs, after one year having plasma virus levels below detection. Methods: Eligible patients included 15 men with a diagnosis of HIV infection, in antiretroviral therapy (A
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3275)
Segarra P, Abril V, Ortega E, Carmena J, Pasquau F, Garcia Deltoro M, Flores J, Ballester JE, Pastor A, Pedro F, Lopez J, Galindo MJ, Araujo R, Cuadrado JM, Gutierrez F, Use J, Saiz de la Hoya P, Herrera A, Garcia Guerrero J, Romin P, Paricio A, Amador A, Bellver F, Ricart C, Valls JM, Alcacer F; P. Segarra, University General Hospital of Valencia, Tres Cruces s/n, 46014 Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain, Tel.: +34 963 987 922, Fax: +34 963 987 922, E-mail: med001006@nacom.es
Background: Routine testing should be considered in the design of initial antiretroviral (AR) regimen when prevalence of drug resistance is increased in a particular population. Objetive: To asses the prevalence of resistance mutations to nucleoside analogs(NARTI),non-nucleoside analogs(NNARTI,or protease inhibitors(PI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3276)
Demetriades I, Pouloukas S, Eleftheriou A, Demetriadou K; I. Demetriades, Grigorios Clinic, Larnaca General Hospital, Larnaca, Cyprus, Tel.: +357 9 664 953, Fax: +357 4 661 434, E-mail: poulouka@intercol.edu
Background: To evaluate the long term effectiveness of HAART on the viral load. Methods: Out of 47 HIV(+) patients who were receiving HAART, 1 PI ( indinavir ) and 2 NRTIs over a period of 120 weeks, 37 patients were naive, out of which 26 were men and 11 women of median age 37 years. Based on the CDC classification:
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3277)
Dalmau D, Rodriguez Carballeira M, Gomez L, Pedrol E, Sole R, Knobel H, Domingo P, Cervantes M, Guardiola J, Martinez Lacasa X; D. Dalmau, Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Dr. Robert, 5, 08221-Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 9 373 65 050, Fax: +34 937 365 037, E-mail: ddalmau@mx2.redestb.es
Objective: To assess the efficacy of salvage therapy containing NFV and SQV after failure of IDV or RTV containing regimens, and to determinate correlates of success or failure. Methods: Multicenter, prospective, open-label ongoing study of antiretroviral experienced HIV-infected patients switched to NFV, 1250 mg/bid +
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3278)
Arasteh K, Simon V, Sternfeld T, Kunz A, Zwingers T, Kurowski M, L'age M; K. Arasteh, Auguste-Viktoria-Hospital, Rubenstrasse 125, 12157 Berlin, Germany, Tel.: +49 307 903 26 09, Fax: +49 307 903 20 05, E-mail: arasteh@avk.b.shuttle.de
Background: To identifying agents with reduced effectiveness due to primary and secondary mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) genes, detected by sequencing, to specific antiretroviral compounds of the current antiretroviral therapy(ART). Methods: Plasma samples from 117 patients (pts) with vir
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3279)
Toure-Kane C, Toure MA, Vergne L, Faye MA, Sow S, Gueye M, Ndoye I, Peeters M, Mboup S; C. Toure-Kane, CHU, Le Dantec, Laboratoire Virologie, CHU, Le Dantec, BP 7325, Dakar, Senegal, Tel.: +221 821 64 20, Fax: +221 821 64 41, E-mail: martine.peeters@mpl.ird.fr
Background: To determine the prevalence of drug-resistant strains among HIV-1 infected patients in Senegal , before their inclusion in the ARV access initiative, instored by the National AIDS Control Programme in Senegal. Methods: The protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of 60 randomly chosen HIV-1 infected p
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3280)
Corsi P, Farese A, Pozzi M, Zazzi M, Ambu S, Bartolozzi D, Leoncini F;;; P. Corsi, Infectious Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Infectious Diseases Unit, Viale Morgagni 85, Florence, Italy, Tel.: +39 55 4279207, Fax: +39 55 4279293, E-mail: fohle@tin.it
Background: To evaluate the utility of genotypic resistance analysis to assist therapeutic decision making in patients failing their antiretroviral therapy. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 56 HIV-1 patients with virological failure to a dual RTIs regimen in whom the first HAART was started. Viral load an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3281)
Wolf E, Graebnitz F, Gersbacher E, Buchberger A, Eckerlein B, Wildegger A, Tiller F-W, Jaegel-Guedes E, Jaeger H;;; E. Wolf, KIS-Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Mozartstr.3, 80336 Muenchen, Germany, Tel.: +498 959 989 33, Fax: +498 959 989 353, E-mail: mucres@aol.com
Background: The development of specific mutations in HIV patients (pts) on ART is associated with resistance (R) to antiretrovirals, a major cause of virological failure. There is evidence that genotypic analysis prior to switching ART is associated with an improved virological outcome. Objectives: To assess resistance
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3282)
Greenberg R, Pilson R, Sension M, Mogyoros M, Craig C; R. Greenberg, University of Kentucky, Division of Infectious Diseases, Kentucky Clinic, Annexe 4, Rm210E, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States, Tel.: +606 323 6327, Fax: +606 323 1020, E-mail: teena.bradbury@roche.com
Background: SQV SGC is a potent, well-tolerated and safe antiretroviral drug for the treatment of HIV infection given TID in combination regimens. People may find it easier to comply with a BID regimen. Efficacy, tolerability and safety of BID dosing with SQV SGC have been demonstrated. As part of a comparative study,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3283)
Antela A, Casado JL, Moreno S, Dronda F, Perez-Elias MJ, Muroz V, Moreno A; A. Antela, Ramon y Cajal Hosp., Carr. Colmenar, Km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 3368 672, Fax: +34 91 3368 672, E-mail: aantelal@seimc.org
Background: The introduction of three instead of two or one active drugs achieve a higher rate of response in different salvage regimens. Few data have compared if the use of more than three active drugs improves the outcome. Methods: Prospective study of 19 patients failing to a PI regimen and switched to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3284)
Haider S, Markowitz N, Sitkins J, Mayers DL; S. Haider, Henry Ford Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, 2799 West Grand Blvd., CFP-1, Detroit, MI 48202, United States, Tel.: +1 313 916 2556, Fax: +1 313 916 2993, E-mail: shariq.zeba@primus.ca
Although the benefit of genotypic ARV resistance testing(GART)on short-term viral load reduction has been established, it is nonetheless difficult to achieve sustained or complete virological responses among highly drug experienced pts. We retrospectively studied 32 patients, failing therapy, whose new regimens were ba
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3285)
Cabie A, Abel S, Dos Santos G, Sobesky G, Cesaire R; A. Cabie, CISIH Martinique, CHU de Fort de France, 97200 Fort de France, Martinique, Tel.: +0596552301, Fax: +0596752116, E-mail: cisih-mart@sasi.fr
Background: We analysed genotypic resistance in an observational caribbean cohort of HIV-infected patients with virologic failure Methods: At Fort de France hospital between 1/1/99 to 30/6/99 we did a prospective study of patients in whom plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load was > 5000 copies/mL despite at least 6 months antire
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3286)
Anderson R; R. Anderson, Anderson Clinical Research, 3339 Ward Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States, Tel.: +1 412 688 84 48, Fax: +1 412 688 84 60, E-mail: Admin@andersonresearch.com
Objectives: To access the efficacy and safety of DDI/ d4T / Viracept following 24 weeks of therapy in urban females with high viral loads. Methods: Thirty (30) HIV-1 infected essentially ART-naive females from Manhattan and Queens, NY were entered in a Phase
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3287)
Louie S, Pranata I, Johnson D; S. Louie, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States, Tel.: +1 323 442 3646, Fax: +1 323 442 1435, E-mail: slouie@hsc.usc.edu
Background: HAART using one PI and 2 NRTIs has been the standard therapy to prevent HIV progression to AIDS. Although approximately 80% of naive HIV patients can achieve a viral load of > 400 copies/mL on their initial PI regimen, this level of viral undetectability tends to decline to approximately 50% at 1 year. For
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3288)
Haubrich R, Keiser P, Kemper C, Witt M, Dube M, Forthal D, Leibowitz M, Hwang J, Rigby A, McCutchan JA, Hellmann N, Richman D, CCTG; R. Haubrich, University of California, San Diego, UCSD Treatment Center, 2760 Fifth Avenue, Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92103, United States, Tel.: +1 619 543 80 80, Fax: +1 619 298 01 77, E-mail: rhaubrich@ucsd.edu
Background: As HIV resistance testing is more commonly utilized, identification of patients more likely to have drug-resistant virus may help to better target use of these assays. Objective: To identify patient factors associated with reduced susceptibility of HIV to 2 or more drugs in failing 3 or 4-drug regimens. Met
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3289)
Perez Elias MJ, Hertogs K, Garcia Arata I, Munoz V, Moreno A, Casado JL, Abraira V, Dronda F, Antela A, Larder B, Moreno S; M.J. Perez Elias, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 913 368 672, Fax: +34 913 368 672, E-mail: mperez@hrc.insalud.es
Background: It is well-known the role of the number of active drugs in the viral response to a rescue regimen. However, the type of active drugs may also have a great influence. We explored if a score pondering the potency of the drugs included in a rescue therapy could improve the information given by the interpreted
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3290)
Andreoni M, Sarmati L, Nicastri E, Ercoli L, d'Ettorre G, Narciso P, Gallo I, Abbadessa V, Dalle Nogare ER, Vullo V; M. Andreoni, University of tor Vergata, Dept of Public Health, Edificio F Torre Nord V piano, Via di Tor Vergata 135, 00133 Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 672 596 873, Fax: +39 672 596 873, E-mail: andreoni@uniroma2.it
Background: We analyzed the prevalence of drug resistance in 63 patients treated with two reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI). Methods: All patients treated for 4-12 months had plasma viral load > 10,000 copies/ml. The sequence of RT gene was performed on PBMC and HIV-1 isolates. A resistance phenotyping analysis w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3291)
Chevalier D, Zucman D, Harzic M, Papy E; D. Chevalier, Hopital Foch, 40, rue Worth, 92150 Suresnes, France, Tel.: +33 1 46 25 20 93, Fax: +33 1 42 04 32 62, E-mail: d.zucman@hopital-foch.org
Background: Genotypic resistance is a new test which value in therapeutic decision making in heavily pre-treated patients failing combination therapy is under investigation. Objective: evaluate the therapeutic decision made after genotyping. Methods: retrospective study. Patients: 27 consecutive HIV-1 infected adults w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3292)
Izopet J, Delfraissy JF, Raffi F, Leport C, Massip P, Weiss L, Rozenbaum W; J. Izopet, Laboratoire de Virologie - Chu Purpan, Place du Docteur Baylac, 31059 Toulouse Cedex, France, Tel.: +33 5 61 77 24 64, Fax: +33 5 61 77 25 42, E-mail: izopent@cict.fr
Background: Cross-resistance between d4T and other NRTIs has been suggested. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of mutations conferring resistance to NRTIs on the early kinetics of HIV RNA following the introduction of the new combination NFV + EFV + d4T. Methods: 33 HIV-1 infected patients, naive for
Backgound: Uganda is a pilot site of the UNAIDS HIV Drug Access Initiative which strives to increase access to AIDS care including use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. A primary implication of providing sophisticated ARV therapy for HIV infection in a setting where the optimal use of the agents may be hampered by capaci
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3295)
Mori H, Kojima Y, Kawahata T, Otake T, Oishi I; H. Mori, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 1-3-69 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan, Tel.: +81 6 6972 1321, Fax: +81 6 6972 2393, E-mail: mori@iph.pref.osaka.jp
Background: A conversion in HIV-1 phenotype from non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) to syncytium-inducing (SI) occurs in 50% of individuals who progress to AIDS. The V3 loop of the HIV-1 envelope protein has been identified as the major determinant of the virus phenotype. The purpose of this study was to investigate the corr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3296)
Wintergerst U, Engelhorn C, Kurowski M, Hoffmann F, Muller M, Notheis G, Belohradsky BH; U. Wintergerst, University Children's Hospital, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany, Tel.: +49 89 516 039 31, Fax: +49 89 516 039 64, E-mail: uwe.wintergerst@kk-i.med.uni-muenchen.de
Background: impact of EFV or DLV comedication with APV on the pharmacokinetics of APV in HIV-infected children. Patients and methods: Two children were treated with NRTIs, APV and EFV (group 1a). Group 1b consisted of the 2 patients from group 1a plus additional low-dose ritonavir (RTV)
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3297)
Rodriguez J, Garcia H; J. Rodriguez, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, PO BOX 365067, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico, Tel.: +1 787 754 49 29, Fax: +1 787 754 49 29, E-mail: j_rodriguez@rcmaxp.upr.clu.edu
Background: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) used against HIV require intracellular activation to their triphosphate moieties to inactivate virus replication. At present, limited information is available regarding the in vivo intracellular pharmacokinetics (PK) of the triphosphate species. Thus, comp
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3298)
Moberg L, Sonnerborg A, Stahle L; L. Moberg, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, SE14186 Huddinge, Sweden, Tel.: +46 8 660 19 27, Fax: +46 8 585 810 70, E-mail: l.g.moberg@telia.com
Background: Efavirenz exerts central nervous system side-effects and has been reported to enter the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is, however, unknown what the pharmacologically active unbound concentrations of efavirenz are in CSF and in plasma. Methods: Twelve HIV-infected patients on
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3299)
Reijers MH, Gisolf EH, Van Praag RM, Foudraine NA, Van Heeswijk RP, Danner SA, Prins JM, Weverling GJ, Hoetelmans RM, Lange JM; M. H. E. Reijers, NATEC, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 566 44 79, Fax: +31 20 691 88 21, E-mail: m.h.e.reijers@amc.uva.nl
Background: The metabolism of stavudine ( d4T ), a frequently used nucleoside analogue RT inhibitor (NRTI), is partly unknown. Except for an interaction with zidovudine on the level of phos
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3300)
Tseng A, Patel M, Gallicano K, Khaliq Y, Walmsley S; A. Tseng, Toronto General Hospital, Immunodeficiency Clinic, CW-G315, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada, Tel.: (416) 340-4800, ext. 8763, Fax: (416) 340-4890, E-mail: Alice.Tseng@uhn.on.ca
Objectives: Data are lacking on the clinical utility of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of protease inhibitors (PI). Potential benefits include improved virologic outcome and reduced toxicity by guiding dose adjustment in patients with malabsorption, suspected drug interactions or nonadherence, hepatic dysfunction, o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3301)
Lamson M, Maldonado S, Hutman H, MacGregor T, McDonough M, Robinson P, Nusrat R; M. Lamson, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharm, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States, Tel.: +1 203 791 6246, Fax: +1 203 798 5433, E-mail: mlamson@rdg.boehringer-ingelheim.com
Background: Assess the effects of varying degrees of renal or hepatic insufficiency on the single-dose pharmacokinetics (PK) of nevirapine and its metabolites. Methods: An open-label PK study in non-HIV infected adults with stable renal or hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh s classification A and B). Healthy volunteers se
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3302)
Hsu A;;; A. Hsu, Abbott Laboratories, D4PK, AP13A, 100 Abbott Park Rd, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6104, United States, Tel.: +1 847 937 2961, Fax: +1 847 938 5193, E-mail: ann.hsu@abbott.com
Background: Effectiveness and durability of HIV therapy is dependent on drug attributes and patient adherence. Reducing dosing frequency may improve adherence but compromise drug levels. Given data on PK, in vitro activity, and adherence, a simple PK/PD model was developed to predict viral load for trial options (Hsu e
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3303)
Guardiola JM, Fuste M, Coma E, Domingo P, Ris J, Cadafalch J, Sambeat MA, Barrio J, Gurgui M, Vazquez G; J.M. Guardiola, Sant Pau Hospital. Internal Medicine, Avda. Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 93 291 9343, Fax: +34 93 291 9269, E-mail: 25557jgt@comb.es
Background: To analyze the HIV patient population treated with NFV in our hospital. Method: A retrospective study was carried out including the clinical history of all patients treated with NFV, for at least two months, between April 98 and October 99 in an urban teaching hospital. Results: 108/140 patients were includ
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3304)
Casado JL, Dronda F, Antela A, Moreno A, Perez-Elias MJ, Sabido R, Marta-Belda P, Moreno S; J. L. Casado, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Cra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 336 86 72, Fax: +34 91 336 86 72, E-mail: jcasado@hrc.insalud.es
Background: The high rate of protease inhibitor (PI) treatment failure in clinical cohorts make necessary to evaluate novel salvage therapies. In addition, significant correlations between antiviral activity, side effects and plasma drug concentrations have been demonstrated for PIs. Therefore, pharmacokinetics of new
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeB3305)
Anne-Marie T, Paci-Bonaventure S, Goujard C, Vincent I, Rousseau C, Cheminot N, Gillotin C; T. Anne-Marie, Hospital Bicetre, 78 rue du general Leclerc, 94270 Kremlin Bicetre, France, Tel.: +33 1 45 21 29 57, Fax: +33 1 45 21 28 60, E-mail: anne-marie.taburet@bct.ap-hop-paris.fr
Background: Ritonavir (RTV)is a potent CYP3A inhibitor leading to an important increase in concentrations of combined protease inhibitor (PI). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of RTV on amprenavir (APV) plasma levels and the efficacy/safety of the co
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3306)
Procupet A, Bloch C, Kaufmann R; A. Procupet, Lusida, Migueletes 1831, P.B.3, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina, Tel.: +54 11 43453612, Fax: idem, E-mail: saludlusida@impsat1.com.ar
Background: The first AIDS patient in Argentina was diagnosed in 1982. The total of AIDS cumulated cases until December 1999 is 16,259. Eighty five percent (85%) of the AIDS cases are concentrated in four of the 24 jurisdictions that are located in the central region of the country and are the most important in socio-e
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3307)
Iribarren JA, Camino X, Arrizabalaga J, Rodriguez F, Von Wichmann MA, Landa MA, Izco A, Gomez I, Espin S; J.A. Iribarren, PASEO DR BEGIRISTAIN, SN, SAN SEBASTIAN, GIPUZKOA, SPAIN, Spain, Tel.: 34943007000, Fax: 34943460758, E-mail: jiribarr@chdo.osakidetza.net
Objective: To evaluate the causes of death in the HAART era analysing the circunstances of the patients, specifically, relating to antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of all patients HIV+ who died from 1/1/98 to 30/9/99 in our Infectious Diseases Unit (caring for a cohort of 1600 pa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3308)
Prins M, Sabin C, Lee C, Devereux H, Coutinho R; M. Prins, Nieuwe Achtergracht 100, 1018 WT Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 5555 243, Fax: +31 20 5555 533, E-mail: mprins@gggd.amsterdam.nl
Background: It is known that pre-AIDS mortality increases with decreasing CD4 cell counts in HIV-infected injecting drug users (IDU). In this study, pre-AIDS mortality and its association with HIV disease progression was investigated in different exposure groups with known intervals of HIV seroconversion. Methods: The
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3309)
Echeverria G, Leon-Ponte M, Deibis L, Bianco N; G. Echeverria, Institute of Immunology, Aerocav 1216, P.O. Box 25304, Miami, FL 33102-5304, United States, Tel.: +1 582 693 4767, Fax: +1 582 693 2734, E-mail: glperez@cantv.net
Objectives: To determine the characteristics of viral replication among individuals with HIV infection, and whether there is a difference related to gender. Methods: Viral load (VL) by b-DNA (Chiron) was performed according to manufacture recommendations. To date 1,265 individuals have had an initial VL determined, 275
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3310)
Machekano R, McFarland W, Bassett M, Katzenstein D; R. Machekano, Zimbabwe AIDS Prevention Project, Div. of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University Medical Centre, Room S-156, Stanford, CA 94304, United States, Tel.: +1 650 725 88 26, E-mail: rodmach@stanford.edu
Background: In developing countries, laboratory testing for HIV is beyond the reach of many patients and practitioners. We examined longitudinal data on men in order to identify practical clinical signs and symptoms that are predictive of disease stage and mortality. Methods: Subjects were followed in an intervention s
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3312)
Thaker H, Black K, Snow M, Ong E; H. Thaker, Department of Infectious Diseases, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE4 6BE, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 191 273 8811, Fax: +44 191 273 0900, E-mail: h.k.thaker@ncl.ac.uk
Background: Surrogate marker studies, in trial settings have demonstrated the positive impact of HAART. There are very few clinical endpoint studies. This study investigated clinical endpoints and followed the natural history of HIV in 189 patients from 1984-1999.Methods: This was a retrospective study that identified
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3313)
Galera C, Redondo C, Poza G, Perez D, Cano A; C. Galera, C/ Jose Lopez Aleman n. 2, 2° esc, 3B, 30.004. Murcia, Spain, Tel.: +34 968 369 230, Fax: +34 968 369 664, E-mail: cgalera@arrixaca.huva.es
Background: HIV-infected patient survival is threathened by opportunistic infections and AIDS-associated neoplasms, but other conditions such as bacterial infections, and especially bloodstream infections can influence the clinical course. Our objective is to study the survival of HIV patients with bacteremia and the f
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3315)
Salamon R, Marimoutou C, Ekra D, Nerrienet E, Combe P, Minga A, Gourvellec G, Bonard D, Coulibaly I, Dabis F, Bondurand A, Montagnier L; R. Salamon, INSERM U. 330, Universite Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France, Tel.: +33 557571401, Fax: +33 557571172, E-mail: roger.salamon@dim.u-bordeaux2.fr
Background: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and biological natural history of HIV infection in Africa, in the first years after contamination. Methods: Prospective cohort of seroconverters for HIV-1 or HIV-1+2 identified among the regular blood donors of the National Blood Bank of Abidjan,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3316)
Sherer R, Cohen M, Stieglitz K, Narra J, Jasek J, Green L, Moore B, Shott S; R. Sherer, The CORE Center, Cook County Hospital, 1900 W. Polk Street, Room 1236, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States, Tel.: +(312) 633-3004, Fax: +(312) 633-3002, E-mail: rsherer@hektoen.org
Methods: We assessed mortality, CD4 & viral load trends in four 6-month periods in 1997-8 in the largest HIV care site in the Midwest US via retrospective analysis of clinical, lab, & admin. data bases. Log-rank tests, Cox proport. analyses, & mult. logistic regression were performed. Results: Of 2,647 undu
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3317)
Cohen M, Benning L, French A, Hessol N, Anastos K, Young M, Kovacs A, Minkoff H; M. Cohen, Cook County Hospital, 2020 W. Harrison, Chicago IL 60612, United States, Tel.: +312-572-4551, Fax: +312-572-4559, E-mail: mcohen@corecenter.org
Objectives: To determine causes of death in women with HIV infection who have not died of AIDS and examine trends in causes of death since HAART. Methods: A total of 2059 women with HIV infection enrolled in the Women Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) from 10/94-11/95; by 10/99, 407 deaths had been reported. Death certifica
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3318)
Quattrini E, Arathoon E, Samayoa BE, Anderson M; E. Quattrini, 1 Avenida 11-23 Zona 1, Guatemala Ciudad 01001, Guatemala, Tel.: +502 220 8506, Fax: +502 251 6531
Background: Little is known about the effect of HIV on the Central American health care system. This prospective study describes the impact of HIV on a general medical service and examines the clinical manifestations of AIDS in Guatemala . Methods: The study was conducted at Guatemala City s largest public hospital wh
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3319)
Quattrini E, Arathoon E, Samayoa B, Arathoon M; E.Quattrini, 1 Avenida 11-23 Zona 1, Guatemala Ciudad 01001, Guatemala, Tel.: +502 220 8506, Fax: +502 251 6531, E-mail: earathoon@intelnet.net.gt
Background: Little is known about the effect of HIV on the Central American health care system. This prospective study describes the impact of HIV on a general medical service and examines the clinical manifestations of AIDS in Guatemala . Methods: The study was conducted at Guatemala City s largest public hospital wh
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3320)
Preston-Martin S, Mulligan RA, Pogoda JM, Silver S, Anastos K, Hessol N, Cohen M, Watts H, Levine AM; S. Preston-Martin, University of Southern California, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Ave. - MS 44, Rooms 4411 & 4415, Los Angeles, CA 90033-0800, United States, Tel.: +1 323 865 0425, Fax: +1 323 865 0428, E-mail: spresto@hsc.usc.edu
Background: The proportion of HIV infected people over age 50 is increasing. Since aging is associated with immune function decline, we evaluated if older women with HIV had higher risk of HIV progression and mortality. Methods: WIHS is a national, multi-center, NIH-sponsored study of characteristics of HIV disease in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3321)
Sanches K, Sanches K, Trajman A, Teixeira EG, T. Belo MT, Selig L, Castello Branco MM; K. Sanches, RVA Jornalista Hewrique Cordeiro 310, APT. 1008, Bloco 2 Barra De Tisuca, Rio De Janeiro CEP 2263 - 040, Brazil, Tel.: +552 149 524 82, Fax: +552 154 088 28, E-mail: ksanches@openlink.com.br
Objectives: To evaluate the frequency and demographic characteristics of elderly among AIDS patients in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Methods: We analysed the adult (>12 years) State Health Department AIDS database. Patients diagnosed with AIDS at the age of 60 years or more from January 1994 to November 1999 w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3322)
Vanhove D, Karita E, Rusanganwa E, Mukankuku M, Tekirya E, Mutarabayire V, Nibarere J, Arendt V, Allen S; D. Vanhove, National Reference Laboratory, Kigali, Rwanda, Tel.: + xx-250-70400, Fax: + xx-250-78474, E-mail: labhiv@rwandatel1.rwanda1.com
Objective: To assess CD4+ T-cell counts and plasma viral load (pVL) in asymptomatic long term survivors of a cohort of HIV-1 infected Rwandan women. Methods: Women seeking antenatal care in the Central Hospital of Kigali,Rwanda, were screened for HIV antibodies between 1986 and 1988. HIV-positive women were enrolled in
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3323)
Del Amo J, Perez Hoyos S; J. Del Amo, Plan Nacional del Sida, Bravo Murillo 4 Madrid 28015, Spain, Tel.: +34 1 447 4262, Fax: +34 1 447 4563, E-mail: jamo@msc.es
Background: Spain , with a cumulative number of 54.964 AIDS cases by June 1999, has the highest incidence in Europe although no data on progression estimates from all transmission categories have been available so far. Methods: Data from 6 well established seroconverter cohorts with well documented times of HIV seroco
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3324)
Silva G, Ramos A Jr, Guillen T, Costa A, Coeli C, Kale P, Bragansa B;;; G. Silva, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO, Rua Almirante Alexandrino 3780 G1/202, Santa Teresa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Tel.: +55 2155 826 1553, E-mail: guidasilva@ax.apc.org
Objective: To evaluate the gender trend of the AIDS epidemic to the light of indicators different from the annual case ratio between men and women, for Brazil and Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Methodology: We analyzed a 13 year-old series (1985 to 1997); the national data were obtained from the bulletins of the Natio
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3325)
Babiker A, Pezzotti P, Walker S, behalf of the CASCADE Collaboration on; A. Babiker, MRC Clinical Trials Unit, 222 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DA, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 7670 4719, Fax: +44 20 7670 4818, E-mail: agb@ctu.mrc.ac.uk
Objective: To investigate the effect of sex, age, exposure category, presentation during acute infection and calendar year at risk on time from seroconversion to all AIDS-defining events. Methods: Pooled data of persons with well documented times of HIV seroconversion were analysed. We considered time from seroconversi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3326)
Krol A, Geskus R, Vlahov D, Flynn C, Van Ameijden E, Coutinho R; A. Krol, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 100, 1018 WT Amsterdam, Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 555 5302, Fax: +31 20 555 5533, E-mail: akrol@gggd.amsterdam.nl
Background: Natural history studies have mainly focused on the risk of developing AIDS instead of the specific diseases constituting the syndrome. The variation in latency period and clinical manifestations suggests that there may be several co-factors that influence the outcomes of HIV infection. In this study, co-fac
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3327)
Pezzotti P, Walker S, Bugarini R, behalf of the CASCADE Collaboration on; P. Pezzotti, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Centro Operativo AIDS, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Roma, Italy, Tel.: +39 06 4990 3187, Fax: +39 06 4938 7210, E-mail: patrizio.pezzotti@iss.it
Objective: To investigate the effect of calendar year at risk on time from seroconversion to specific first AIDS-defining events. Methods: Pooled data of persons with well documented times of HIV seroconversion were analysed. We investigated secular trends in time from seroconversion to the first AIDS event. Competing
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3328)
Castilla J, Barrasa A, Romero J, Del Amo J, Rodriguez C, Diez M; J. Castilla, Plan Nacional del SIDA, Bravo Murillo 4, Madrid 28015, Spain, Tel.: +34 91 4474 262, Fax: +34 91 4474 563, E-mail: jcastill@isciii.es
Background: To date, there is no Spanish data on the impact of HAART on HIV progression in seroconverter cohorts nor data on progression from homosexual men. Methods: Seroconverters were identified in Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Madrid on bases of documentation of an HIV negative test within 3 years of the positive. Fol
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3329)
Vlahov D, Sterling T, Astemborski J, Taylor E, Nelson K, Margolick J, Schaeffer M, Quinn T; D. Vlahov, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St, Room E6005, Baltimore, MD, United States, Tel.: +410 955-4776, Fax: +410 955-1383, E-mail: dvlahov@mail.nyam.org
Background: A recent small nested case-control study demonstrated that HIV-1 plasma RNA level (VL) was lower in women than men at the time of seroconversion (SC), but that VL dynamics varied over time. To better characterize the sex difference in HIV-1 VL over time, we measured plasma VL among HIV-1 seroconverters enro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3330)
Porter K, behalf of the UK Register on; K. Porter, MRC Clinical Trials Unit, HIV Division, 222 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DA, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 7670 4715, Fax: +44 20 7670 4815, E-mail: k.porter@ctu.mrc.ac.uk
Objectives: i) to estimate the mean CD4 cell count at the time of death and examine changes in it over time, and ii) to estimate changes in survival following HIV seroconversion. Methods: Data from persons reported to the UK Register of HIV seroconverters were analysed using normal regression of interval censored data
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3331)
Beck EJ, Mandalia S, Power A, Easterbrook P, Pozniak A, Tang A, Wilkins E, Gazzard B; E. J. Beck, McGill University, Purvis Hall, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A2, Canada, Tel.: +151 439 862 59, Fax: +151 439 842 66, E-mail: ebeck@santepub-mtl.qc.ca
Background: Aim of this study was to analyze the role of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) in disease progression and survival of patients managed in English HIV clinics of the NPMS-HHC. Association reduced morbidity with increased uptake of (cART) was recently reported from these clinics. Methods: Data collec
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3332)
Karita E, Arendt V, Kirpach P, Vanhove D, Courteille O, Servais J, Hemmer R, Schneider F, Allen S; E. Karita, Laboratoire de Retrovirologie, Kigali, Rwanda, Tel.: +250 704 00, Fax: +250 784 74, E-mail: labhiv@rwandatel1.rwanda1.com
Objectives: To compare levels of cytokines (CK) and chemokines (ChK) in two subgroups, long term non-progressors (LTNP) and progressors, of HIV-1 infected subjects. Methods: From a cohort of women known to be HIV-infected since more than 12 years in Kigali, Rwanda , 102 subjects were traced in December 1998 and clinic
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3333)
Taveira N, Camacho R, Bartolo I, Mafra M, Barroso H, Martins M, Bento S, Bezerra V; N. Taveira, ISCSS and URIA-CPM, URIA-CPM, Faculdade de Farmacia de Lisboa, Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal, Tel.: +351 21 793 42 12, Fax: +351 21 793 42 12, E-mail: ntaveira@ff.ul.pt
Background: We describe a new case of HIV-1 infection without seroconversion and with a rapid clinical progression to AIDS and death. Methods and Results: Patient 1, was a previously healthy 20-year old heterosexual man who presented to his physician on September 1997 with a history of fatigue and weight loss. His sole
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3334)
Holmes W; W. Holmes, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 733 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, United States, Tel.: +1 215 898 8188, Fax: +1 215 573 2346, E-mail: holmeswc@mail.med.upenn.edu
Background: Though HIV infection prognosis has improved since HAART, self-perceptions of prognosis are unknown. Goal was to characterize perceptions of HIV infection prognosis in an HIV+ group, to assess whether perceptions determined by perceived HIV-disease severity, perceptions about other illnesses, and/or sociodem
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3335)
Perez Mas JR, Munoz J, Deaz I, Paredes R, Sambeat MA, Domingo P, Vazquez G; J.R. Perez Mas, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Av/ Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: +34 932 919 343, Fax: +34 932 919 269, E-mail: 34120rpd@comb.es
Background: The pattern of morbidity and mortality in HIV+ patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) remains to be well established. The aim of our study was to assess the frequency and type of AIDS defining events (ADE) and death after the initiation of HAART. Methods: This is a retrospective obs
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3336)
Cu Choc I, Chiclayo Salas-Cornejo E; I. Cu Choc, GENTE POSITIVA, 6a. avenida 14-33 oficina 209, zona 1, Ciudad de Guatemala, Centro America., Guatemala, Tel.: +502 221 0475 - +502 221 0476, Fax: +502 232 9179, E-mail: gentepositiva@gua.gbm.net
When women know that their HIV/AIDS status is positive, they fall in a desesperation, sadness and stress, generally women feel a kind of culpability. It s hard to think that in any moment we are going to die and we ll not see anymore to our family, partner, friends and specially our sons and daughters. It s hardly when
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3338)
Bellocco R, Ghirardini A; R. Bellocco, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Berzelius vag 15 C PO Box 281, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, Tel.: +46 8 728 6183, E-mail: rino@mep.kl.se
Background: In Italy , AIDS is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Long-term health care requires an updated knowledge of survival from time of AIDS diagnosis to death. Goal of this study is to assess how AIDS survival time is changing over chronological time, once adjusting for other risk factors, among
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3339)
Sain G, Uzun O, Getinkaya Y, Kocagoz S, Asciozlu S, Akova M, Unal S; G. Sain, Hacettepe University Hospital, Department Internal Medicine, Section o Infectious DIS, Ankara 06100, Turkey, Tel.: +90 312 311 1271, Fax: +90 312 310 4179, E-mail: gsain@tr-net.net.tr
Background: To evaluate the risk factors and the clinical course of HIV infection and to define the problems. Methods: The charts of the followed patients were retrospectively examined. Results: The fifteen years after the first AIDS case was reported in Turkey in 1985, the numbers of people with HIV infection has mult
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3340)
Conti S, Masocco M, Rezza G, Toccaceli V, Valdarchi C, Vichi M; S. Conti, Istituto Superiore di Sanite, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy, Tel.: +39 649 902 789, E-mail: susanna@iss.it
Background: Wide differences in the prognosis of patients with AIDS are well known. In order to investigate thoroughly these differences in relation to categories of exposure and year of diagnoses, survival for all AIDS patients from the Italian National Registry of AIDS cases (RAIDS) diagnosed in Italy
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3341)
Rolla VC, Jourdan Gadelha A, Accacio N, Valls de Souza R, Gutierrez Galhardo MC, Cotrim MR, Lourenzo MC; ValeriaCavalcanti Rolla, Evandro Chagas Hospital Research Center, Rua General Olimpio Mourao Filho, 30/203 - Sao Conrado, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22610-020, Brazil, Tel.: +55 322-1954, Fax: +55 590-9988, E-mail: valeria@fiocruz.br
Protease inhibitors (PI) strongly affected the outcome of Aids patients. Few data have been published evaluating this effect in our country, where PI are given free. We evaluated the rate of incidence of opportunistic diseases (OD) and identify predictors of survival in an Aids patient s cohort (September 1997 to Decem
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3342)
Chaisson R, Keruly J, Moore R; R. Chaisson, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E. Monument Street, Room 445, Baltimore, MD 21287-0003, United States, Tel.: +1-410-955-1755, Fax: +1-410-955-0750, E-mail: rchaiss@jhmi.edu
Background: While HAART dramatically alters the natural history of HIV disease, many patients experience virologic failure on HAART regimens. Methods: We assessed CD4 lymphocyte counts and clinical endpoints in 335 patients treated with HAART, all of whom had an initial response with undetectable viremia (>400 copies/m
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3343)
Barba Martin R, Marco Martinez J, Paez Peta M, Alamo Del M, Plaza Canteli S, Rondn P, Cervero Jimnez M, Gomez Rodrigo J; R. Barba Mart n, Hospital Severo Ochoa. I.D., Avenida de Orellana sn., 28911 Legants., Madrid, Spain, Tel.: +34 1 4818 000, E-mail: med002703@nacom.es
Methodology: Since our Hospital s opening in 1987, it has been the only hospital providing care for a population of almost 400000. Every person having a diagnosis of hiv-1 infection and attending our hospital has been followed-up and checked for duplicates. Mortality data are completed with the AIDS Surveillance Region
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3344)
Contu L, Sulis E, Pisu M, Lai M, Murgia B, Murgia M, Melis G, Lusso P, Vicenzi E, Brambilla A, Nardese V, Furci L, Arras M, Pisu G; L. Contu, Via S. Giorgio, 09124 Cagliari, Italy, Tel.: +39 706 092 800, Fax: +39 704 022 34, E-mail: piesul@tin.it
Background: We have been following a 78 year-old man for about ten years, who was found to be HIV-1 seropositive in 1985. The patient has never showed any sign of HIV disease. He is heterosexual, non-drug addict and had repeated sexual contacts with prostitutes. Medical history is significant for malaria and pleuritis;
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3345)
Thomas R, Machouf N, Lefevre E; R. Thomas, Clinique l'Actuel, 1001 Blv. de Maisonneuve est, bureau 1130, Montreal, Canada, Tel.: +1 514 524 1001
Objective: To describe the epidemiological portrait of persons infected with HIV and to study the evolution of this portrait from the beginning of the epidemic up until present day. Methods and Analysis: The data comes from l Actuel, a private clinic specialising in HIV/AIDS in Montreal, Canada . We analysed
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3346)
Oursler KA, Blattner W, Sill A, Cleghorn F, Jack N, Edwards J, O'Brien T, Weinhold K, Goodman D, Maurice M, Mahabir B, Bartholomew C, Greenberg M; K.A.Oursler, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, United States, Tel.: +1 410 706 1941, Fax: +1 410 706 1944, E-mail: oursler@umbi.umd.edu
Background: Between 1993 and 1999, 29 cases of primary HIV infection were ascertained by p24 antigen screening at the STD clinic in Port of Spain , Trinidad . The current analysis evaluates several measures of viral load (VL) as predictors of clinical and laboratory endpoints.
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3347)
Hassig S, Kissinger P, Volle J, Kendall C; S. Hassig, Tulane University - School of Public Health, 1440 Canal Street, Department of Epidemiology SL-18, United States, Tel.: +1 504 585 6454, Fax: +1 504 988 1568, E-mail: shassig@tulane.edu
Purpose: Substance abuse may hasten HIV disease progression because of poor adherence to or poor metabolism of HIV medication. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of substance abuse and HIV disease progression. Methods: A cohort 108 HIV-infected persons, enrolled on an ongoing NIDA sponsored adhe
Issues: Heterosexual transmission has become the dominant mode of HIV transmission worldwide. In China , however, heterosexual transmission accounts for only 6.6 percent of HIV prevalence. Our recent research indicates that this situation is changing. The rate of heterosexual transmission in China is, indeed, markedly
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3349)
Dore G, Li Y, McDonald A, Kaldor JM; G. Dore, NCHECR, Level 2, 376 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010 NSW, Australia, Tel.: +61 2 933 246 48, Fax: +61 2 933 218 37, E-mail: gdore@nchecr.unsw.edu.au
Objective: To examine the influence of birthplace on spectrum of AIDS-defining illness. Methods: National surveillance data for 4629 adolescents and adults diagnosed with AIDS from 1992 through 1998 were analysed. Country of birth was grouped into three broad categories ( Australia , other developed and developing
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3350)
McDonald A, Li Y, Kaldor JM; A. McDonald, National Centre in HIV Epidemiology, 376 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia, Tel.: +61 2 9933 246 47, Fax: +61 2 933 218 37, E-mail: amcdonald@nchecr.unsw.edu.au
Background: The pattern of HIV disease progression following acquisition of HIV infection in the 1990s is not well understood. We report the pattern of HIV disease progression in an Australian national cohort of cases with a known date of HIV infection. Methods: Cases of newly acquired HIV infection were defined as cas
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3351)
Lindegren ML, Byers R, Bertolli J, Dominguez K, Thomas P; M.L. Lindegren, Centers for Desease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-47, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 20 50, Fax: +1 404 639 29 80, E-mail: mll3@cdc.gov
Background: The number (no.) of children born to HIV-infected women in the U.S. increased rapidly in the 1980 s and then plateaued in the early 1990 s. HIV-infected persons are living longer due to use of prophylactic agents and improved antiretroviral therapies resulting in increasing nos. of infected children reachin
Background: Recent treatment advances have resulted in a 30% decline in AIDS incidence in the United States among men who have sex with men (MSM) from 1996 to 1998, when highly effective therapies were introduced; deaths declined 61%. Trends in racial/ethnic differences in AIDS incidence and survival may identify unmet
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3353)
Tatsunami S, Fukutake K, Taki M, Shirahata A, Kuwabara R, Yamada K; S. Tatsunami, Radioisotope Research Institute, 2-16-1 Sugao Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan, Tel.: +814 497 781 11, Fax: +814 497 518 46, E-mail: s2tatsu@marianna-u.ac.jp
Background: More than 15 years has passed since the tragic infection of a portion of the Japanese hemophiliac population with HIV-1 through the contamination of coagulation factor concentrates. However, hemophiliacs continue to comprise a considerable proportion of the population with HIV-1 infection in Japan. Our stud
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3354)
Sibailly T, Ekpini ER, Boni-Ouattara E, Nkengasong J, Maurice C, Kouassi MK, Roels TH, Greenberg AE, Wiktor SZ; T. Sibailly, Projet Retro -CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'Ivoire, Tel.: +225 2 125 41 11, Fax: +225 2 124 29 69, E-mail: tbs2@cdc.gov
Objective: To monitor the clinical course of HIV infection and the development of zidovudine resistance among women treated with short-course zidovudine for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 Methods: From April 1996 to February 1998, all consenting HIV-1-seropositive women were randomized at 36 w
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3355)
Kassim S, Ackah A, Abouya L, Sassan-Morokro M, Nkengasong J, Maurice C, Tossou O, Odum R, Roels TH; S. Kassim, Projet Retro-CI, 01 BP 1712, Abidjan 01, Cote D'Ivoire, Tel.: +225 212 541 11, Fax: +225 212 429 69, E-mail: kds8@cdc.gov
Objective: To assess the clinical course of HIV-1/HIV-2 dual infection compared with HIV-1 infection among HIV-infected tuberculosis (TB) patients participating in a cotrimoxazole prophylaxis clinical trial. {Sero-D/PCR-D} {Sero-D/PCR-1} {Sero-1} Median CD4 count 356 309 320 at enrolment (IQR) (195 to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3356)
Adams IK; I. K. Adams, Rua Saldanha da Gama 256/302, Belo Horizonte 3111-210, Brazil, Tel.: +55 31 444 34 31, Fax: +55 31 442 91 82, E-mail: irenedra@gcsnet.com.br
Background: In 1999, Clinica AMMOR completed ten years of Education for Life through Health , attending the street youth of this city. Access and credibility barriers to intervention were overcome offering non-judgemental outreach education on streets and at 41 collaborating institutions, distribution of male and femal
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3357)
Muriuki JM, Joice K, Waiyego LN; J. M. Muriuki, Eastern Africa Network of People, Living with HIV/AIDS, EANEP+, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254 2 253 716, Fax: +254 2 447 967, E-mail: kas@insightkenya.co.ke
Objective: To find out the level of stigma and underlying causes against people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) in the rural community Project: Qualitative methods applied analysis of data from Embu community sero-surveys (1998), counselling site in a local hospital and a clinic, PLWHAs self-help groups and cohort study
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3358)
Makokha E, Fujiyama Y, Orago AS, Koech DK, Adungo NI, Songok ME, Lihana RW, Mpoke S, Tukei PM; E. Makokha, PO Box 54840, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254 2 722 541, Fax: +254 2 719 269, E-mail: epmakokha@yahoo.com
Objectives: To study the natural history of HIV-1 infection and the evolution of infections with time among a cohort of well-nourished HIV seropostive children followed up to 3 years. Design: Prospective study Methods: Between June 1996 and October 1999, a total of 49 HIV infected children in an orphanage were routinel
Background: Bandhu Social Welfare Society has been working to improving the male sexual health with an especial emphasis on MSMs. They have community based outreach program aiming at behavior change interventions. BSWS is also operating a static clinic (thrice a week) since April 1998 to treating STD patients through o
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3360)
Shiyenge B; B. Shiyenge, PO Box 40055, Mufulira, Zambia, Tel.: +260 02 411 644, Fax: +260 02 410 068
Background: There has been a high Seroprevalence rate of Hepatitis B infection in the Zambian town of Mufulira, which is well above that of HIV/AIDS. Method: A total number of 558 blood units were collected, out of which 46 (8.2%) tested positive to HIV, 40 (7.2%) tested positive to Syphilis, 120 (21.5%) tested positiv
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3361)
Kissinger P, Schieffelin C, Colston C, Brown B; P.Kissinger, Tulane University - SPHTM, HOP, 136 S. Roman Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States, Tel.: +1 504 568 7306, Fax: +1 504 568 5313, E-mail: kissing@tulane.edu
Purpose: Maternal substance use among HIV-infected women is a serious problem that may place families at risk for many unhealthy outcomes. One of these outcomes is the separation of mother and child. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with separation of HIV-infected wom
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3362)
Antunes CM, Carneiro M, Greco M, Oliveira E, Andrade J, Lignani L Jr, Greco D; C.M.F. Antunes, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Dep. Parasitologia - ICB, Caixa Postal 496, 31270-901 - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, Tel.: +55 31 499 2860, Fax: +55 31 499 2860, E-mail: antunesc@mono.icb.ufmg.br
Objectives: Project Horizonte, a homo/bisexual HIV negative male cohort is a component of the Brazilian AIDS Vaccine Program. Its objectives are to establish and follow an open cohort to (1) evaluate the feasibility of following this cohort for extended period of time; (2) determine the HIV incidence and risk factors
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3363)
Hogan J, Tashima K, Gardner L, Schoenbaum E, Schuman P, Rompalo A, Carpenter C; J. Hogan, Brown University, Center for Statistical Sciences, Department of Community Health, Brown University, Box G-H, Providence, RI 02912, United States, Tel.: +1 401 863 92 43, Fax: +1 401 863 91 82, E-mail: jhogan@stat.brown.edu
Background: The impact of protease inhibitors (PI) use on rate of hospitalization and emergency room (ER) visits was examined using data from a large cohort of HIV-infected women in four urban centers. Methods: The HER Study is a prospective, multi-site, longitudinal cohort study of 871 HIV(+) and 439 high-risk HIV(-)
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3364)
Taha T; T. Taha, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Rm E. 6011, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA , Tel.: +1-410-614 52 55, Fax: +1-410-955 18 36, E-mail: ttaha@jhsph
Background: To study natural history of HIV disease among a cohort of Malawian children who have survived their first year of life and received no antiretroviral treatment. Methods: PCR confirmed HIV infected and uninfected children were enrolled in late infancy at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Mala
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3365)
Colfax G, Vittinghoff E, Cornelisse P, Celum C, Mayer K, Buchbinder S; G. Colfax, San Francisco Dept of Public Health, HIV Research Section, 25 Van Ness Ave, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States, United States, Tel.: +415 554 91 73, Fax: +415 621 06 41, E-mail: grant_colfax@dph.sf.ca.us
Background: During primary HIV infection, the potential for secondary HIV transmission may be especially high due to lack of knowledge of infection and high viral load (VL). We assessed behavior of newly infected MSM just before and after learning of their seroconversion (SC). Methods: In the HIVNET Vaccine Preparednes
ACH (Hospital Computer Application for the management of HIV patients) (Abstract presented on behalf of the Advisory Board) Computer technology allows precise large database analysis. The need to evaluate the effects of health technologies in clinical practice is increasingly important. The progressive improved compute
Background: Rebound in HIV-RNA (VL) is increasingly recognised in ARV treated populations. Factors shown to predict viral failure (HIV RNA >400 copies/ml) have included baseline HIV-RNA, CD4, viral resistance, prior therapy, and adherence. The outcome of such populations is yet to be determined. We examine hospitalisat
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3368)
Uzgare R; R. Uzgare, Adcani Apartments, flat no. 2, near Deep Mandir cinema, L.B.S. marg, Mulund (West), Mumbai 400080, India, Tel.: +91 568 16 288, E-mail: nick_uzgare@hotmal.com
Background: In a city like Mumbai in India , HIV infection is rampant. This study supports the fact that HIV is detected maximum in 20-49 years age group. HIV-2 is present in Mumbai. Level of education is inversely proportionate to HIV infection incidence, average income group is most affected, sexual transmission is
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3369)
Uzgare R; R. Uzgare, Adcani Apartments, flat no. 2, near Deep Mandir cinema, L.B.S. marg, Mulund (West), Mumbai 400080, India, Tel.: +91 568 16 288, E-mail: nick_uzgare@hotmal.com
Background: In India 1) heterosexual transmission of HIV is the main mode of transmission, 2) Husband is the main source of infection for married women. The above two hypothesis were tested and proved to be true. Method: Client information was gathered in a private HIV/AIDS Clinic in Mumbai during the past three years
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3370)
Mimaya J-I, Tatsunami S, Taki M, Yamamoto Y, Hanabusa H, Fujimura Y, Terunuma H, Katou S, Yoshida T; J-I. Mimaya, Urushiyama 860, 420-0953 Shizuoka-Shi, Japan, Tel.: +810 542 476 251, Fax: +810 542 476 243, E-mail: jmimaya@poppy.ocn.ne.jp
Objective: Determine the actual condition of HIV-infected long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) in Japan . Subject and Methods: Primary, secondary and follow-up surveys were conducted in cases meeting the diagnostic criteria of LTNP specifically established in 1995 by the Natural History (NH) Committee, Study Group of the
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3371)
Stansell J, Gary D, Slaker R, Hamel E, Lapins D; J. Stansell, 995 Potrero Ave, BLDG. 80, Ward 84, San Fransisco, Ca, United States, Tel.: +1 415 502 41 65, Fax: +1 415 476 92 33, E-mail: jstansell@php.ucsf.edu
Background: The purpose of this study is to determine trends in healthcare cost, utilization, number and type of comorbidities among 1,389 HIV+ patients (pts.) between 1996 and 1999. Clinical Partners (CP) is a disease management company providing data support and HIV case management to managed care organizations. The
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3372)
Vanhems P, Kirk O, Mocroft A; P. Vanhems, Hospital Edovard Herriot, 5 place Darsonval, Lyon Cedex 03 69437, France, Tel.: +33 0 472 110 721, Fax: +33 0 472 110 726, E-mail: philipva@lyon_sud.univ_lyon1.fr
Background: Early treatment of HIV infection and PCP prophylaxis has been associated with slow disease progression toward AIDS. Objective: To identify the predictors of starting HAART and PCP prophylaxis among HIV seroconverters (SCs) enrolled to EuroSIDA study. Methods: The data of 604 SCs with a seroconversion inte
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3373)
Liotta G, Mancinelli S, Dora Altan A, Simeoni S, Narciso P, Marazzi MC; G. Liotta, Laboratory of Epidemiology - Dpt. of Public Health, Laboratory of Epidemiology - Dpt. of Public Health, University of Tor Vergata, Via Tor Vergata 135, 00173 - Rome, Italy, Tel.: +39 067 259 661 53, Fax: +39 062 042 72 63, E-mail: labepidemiologia@virgilio.it
Objective: Evaluation of the impact of low income and shortage of social support on survival of People with HIV infection. Methods: a cohort study started on March 1994 on a sample of 388 subjects with HIV attended by a day hospital of the L.Spallanzani IRCCS - Rome. As on 31.12.99 data to perform the survival analysis
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3374)
Banerjee K, Chakraborty M, Chatangothe G; K. Banerjee, FE-97, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Calcuta-700091, West Bengal, India, India, Tel.: +91 33 337 80 17, Fax: +91 33 221 89 30, E-mail: kanai_banerjee@hotmail.com
Objective: - The study aims primarily at quantitating the seroprevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV viruses among the inpatients of the Medical Emergency Department of a tertiary care hospital. It further attempts to analyze the figures with reference to the demographic variables (age, sex) and other risk practices or exposur
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3375)
Dorrucci M, Serraino D, Tirelli U, Valdarchi C, Pezzotti P, Rezza G; M. Dorrucci, Istituto Superiore di Sanite, Viale Regina Elena, 299, Roma 00161, Italy, Tel.: +39 06 4990 2337, Fax: +39 06 4938 7210, E-mail: maria.dorrucci@iss.it
Background: A differential impact of combined antiretroviral treatment on specific opportunistic infections and HIV-related cancers has been reported, yet regarding cervical cancer (CC), little information is available, possibly because of the low number of women included in most cohorts. To assess whether the incidenc
Objective: Differences in treatment response between an HIV positive and an HIV negative cohort of female sex workers in KwaZulu/Natal, South Africa was studied. Methods: 70 HIV positive and 37 HIV negative sex workers reactive to RPR and TPHA tests were included in the study. FTA-ABS 19S IgM tests were done to determ
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3377)
Jacobson L, Munoz A, Li R, Margolick J, Detels R, Rinaldo C, Phair JP; L. Jacobson, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Epidemiology, E7006, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 955 43 20, Fax: +1 410 955 75 87, E-mail: ljacobso@jhsph.edu
Background: Data now exist in cohort studies to provide estimates of surviving to AIDS and death, measures of clinical failure, after initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy (PART). Methods: Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to describe the time to AIDS and death among men initiating PART since July 1995. Co
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3378)
Rey D, Obadia Y, Gastaut JA, Cassuto GP, Tamalet C, Moatti JP; D. Rey, 23 rue Stanislas Torrents, 13006 Marseille, France, Tel.: +33 4 91 59 89 06, Fax: +33 4 91 59 89 18, E-mail: rey@marseille.inserm.fr
Background: To identify HBV serologic markers at enrolment in the MANIF 2000 study, a French cohort of HIV-infected IDUs, to examine HBV seroconversion during the follow-up and to assess the place of hepatitis B prevention in the management of HBV negative IDUs. Methods: Between October,1995 and May,1998, patients hav
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3379)
Lai S, Strathdee SA, Celentano DD, Johnson L, Nelson K, Vlahov D; S. Lai, Johns Hopkins Epidemiology, 615 N. Wolfe Street, E6141, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410-614-4837, Fax: +1 410-955-1836, E-mail: shlai@jhsph.edu
Background: Few studies have focused on needle sharing behaviors among newly HIV-infected injection drug users (IDUs). We describe trends in needle sharing among HIV seroconverters and explore potential gender differences among IDUs in Baltimore, USA. Methods: Beginning in 1988, HIV-negative IDUs enrolled in a prospect
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3380)
Sanchez J, Ojeda J, Garcia P, Paredes A, Carcamo C, Bernales J, Galvan R, Campos J, Russell K, Celum C, Negrete M, Holmes K; J. Sanchez, Peruvian STD/AIDS Control Program, Ernesto Montagne 114, Aurora- Miraflores, Lima 18 Peru, Peru, Tel.: +(511) 447-2697, Fax: +(511) 433-2761, E-mail: jsanchez@minsa.gob.pe
Background: To determine the prevalence and incidence of HIV acquisition; and to examine risk factors for HIV acquisition among MSM. Methods: Men underwent standardized interviews concerning demographic and sexual practices. During physical examination urethral and rectal specimens were obtained for detection of gonorr
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3381)
Yu X-F, Liu W, Chen J, Li Z, Yang J, Li R, Liang F, Liang S, Zhu Q, Lai S; X-F. Yu, Johns Hopkins University ,MMI, 615 N. Wolfe Street, E5148, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +410-955-3768, Fax: +410-614-8263, E-mail: xfyu@jhsph.edu
Background: Different subtypes of HIV-1 are distributed unequally worldwide. HIV-1 subtype C is rapidly spreading in the world which account for 50% of all HIV-1 infections. Whether a particular HIV subtype is more transmissible in certain geographic locations/populations remains an open question. Between 1996 and 1997
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3382)
Miller M, Martindale S; M. Miller,, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Tel.: +1 604 631 5516, Fax: +1 604 631 5464, E-mail: stevem@hivnet.ubc.ca
Objective: Federal approval is pending on point-of-care HIV screening devices (i.e. rapid test kits) which provide preliminary HIV antibody results in 15 minutes. As young gay and bisexual men are primary consumers of HIV testing services, we assessed their opinions on rapid HIV screening and documented their experienc
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3383)
Churchyard GJ, Molupe MR, Mallory K, Mantsoe I, Mantsoe I, Seatlanyane P, Corbett E, Samb B, Ignore PD; G.J. Churchyard, Aurum Health Research, PO Box 87, Welkom, 9460, South Africa, Tel.: +27 57 900 4398, Fax: +27 57 900 4568, E-mail: gchurch@mjvn.co.za
Background and Methods: An observational cohort study established that hospital admission and mortality rates were considerably higher in HIV-positive than HIV-negative miners, and that community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and tuberculosis (TB) accounted for 54% of admissions in HIV-positive men. Results from the 1793 HI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3384)
Kirstein L, Anastos K, Cohen M, Greenblatt R, Levine A, Minkoff H, Silver S, Gange S; L. Kirstein, Johns Hopkins University, Department of Epidemiology, 615 N. Wolfe St. Room E7007, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 1340, Fax: +1 410 614 7125, E-mail: lkirstei@jhsph.edu
Purpose: To describe the variability in unique antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens over time and to quantify and characterize the women who are changing regimens. Methods: Semi-annual data were used from 1,788 HIV+ women enrolled in the Women s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) contributing 9,788 consecutive, paired visit
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3385)
Nash D, Fordyce EJ, Singh T, Forlenza S; D. Nash, New York City Department of Health/CDC, 346 Broadway, Rm. 706, New York, NY 10013, United States, Tel.: +1 212 442 35 18, Fax: +1 212 349 51 70, E-mail: den7@cdc.gov
Background: Antiretrovirals and prophylaxis therapy for opportunistic infections (OIs) have resulted in a decline in the number of deaths among persons with AIDS in New York City (NYC). The objective of this investigation is to examine trends in mortality rates from AIDS and non-AIDS-defining causes of death within sub
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3386)
Benetti S, Campodonico M, Asueta A, Enria G, Rodenas E, Fay F, Fay O; S. Benetti, CTSP - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Pte. Roca 740, 2000 - Rosario, Argentina, Tel.: +543 414 261 234, Fax: +543 414 262 913, E-mail: cibic@impsat1.com.ar
Background: Since September 1997, 1146 patients from our Province who initiated antiretroviral therapy, have been monitored in our center under the National Program for HIV infected patients from Public Health Ministry. Objectives: To estimate antiretroviral treatment effectiveness in a cohort of treatment naive patien
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3387)
Weber A, Martindale S, Alary M, George C, Remis R, Chan K, Hogg R, Otis J; A. Weber, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada, Tel.: +1 514 845 63 83, Fax: +1 604 806 90 44, E-mail: aweber2@po-box.mcgill.ca
Objective: To assess risk factors associated with baseline HIV+ serostatus and seroconversion among gay and bisexual men from two Canadian cohorts. Methods: The Vanguard Project (VP) and the Omega Cohort (OC) are prospective cohort studies of gay and bisexual men currently ongoing in Vancouver and Montreal, respectivel
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3388)
Patel N, Katner HP, Durham HL, Fryman JT, Dane FC, Durham MD, Cook DL, Smith MU, Patel D; N. Patel, Mercer University School of Medicine, 707 Pine Street, Macon, 31201 Georgia, United States, Tel.: +912-301-5820, Fax: +912-301-5856, E-mail: nbamrit@hotmail.com
Background: In 1989 an HIV clinic was opened to provide care for a thirteen county area of central Georgia . The population of the area served was distributed between rural and small urban centers. Demographic and behavioral data has been collected on all patients presenting for care. Methods: A database has been deve
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3389)
Mbuagbaw J, Bourgeois A, Mougnoutou R, Torimiro JN, Tita Gwenjeng I, Mpoudi Ngolle E, Delaporte E; J. Mbuagbaw, Presica Project, Projet Presica, Hopital Militaire de Yaounde, PO Box 906, Yaounde, Cameroon, Tel.: +237 22 62 58, Fax: +237 22 62 58, E-mail: ankeb@camnet.cm
Background: To improve intervention strategies among PLWHA in developing countries,factors that influence the prognosis of hiv/aids have to be studied.We present here the preliminary results from a cohort study going on at the Yaounde Military Hospital. Methods: 237 PLWHA were enrolled from 1997 to 1998. Standardised
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3390)
Greco M, Oliveira E, Fonseca JJ, Nahass J, Utsch MJ, Cardoso F, Carneiro M, Greco D; M. Greco, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Rua Gonsalves Dias, 3144, 30190-093 Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Tel.: +55 312 489 822, Fax: +55 312 730 422, E-mail: mgreco@medicina.ufmg.br
Objective: To evaluate motivation to participate in future HIV vaccine trials among volunteers in an open cohort of negative MSM in Belo Horizonte, Brazil Methodology: From 9/94 to 9/99, 537 homosexual and bisexual, HIV-negative male, aged 18-59 were enrolled. They were evaluated every 6 months through a structured ps
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3391)
Quinn T, Gray R, Sewankambo N, Serwadda D, Wabwire-Mangen F, Meehan M, Lutalo T; T. Quinn, Johns Hopkins University/NIH, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, Ross 1159, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1410 955 7635, Fax: +1410 614 9775, E-mail: tquinn@jhmi.edu
Background: Reductions in HIV-1 viral load by antiretroviral therapies, and potentially by future HIV therapeutic vaccines, could reduce HIV transmission rates. To estimate the effects of reduced viral load on HIV transmission, we examined transmission rates in a cohort of HIV discordant couples. Methods: 415 HIV disco
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3392)
Veras M, Meireles C, Flannery B, D'Angelo LA, Spink MJ, da R. Carvalheiro J; M. Veras, SES/SP; UCBerkeley, 997 9th Albany CA 94710, United States, Tel.: +1 510 528 4117, Fax: +510 642 9872, E-mail: mamelia@uclink4.berkeley.edu
Safe sex, cornerstone of strategies to prevent sexual transmission of HIV, has been extensively communicated to MSM and contributed to reducing the epidemic. However, studies have shown that safer sex practices are difficult to sustain for long time. Recent study in S. Francisco, indicated an increasing in unprotected
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3393)
Huet C, Gourvellec G, Koffi J, N'Dri-Yoman T, Dabis F, Salamon R, Anglaret X, Toure S, Combe P; C. Huet, Inserm U330, 146 rue Leo-Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France, Tel.: +33 5 57 57 10 58, Fax: +33 5 57 57 11 72, E-mail: charlotte.huet@dim.u-bordeaux2.fr
Background: Neutropenia is a well known side effect of cmx. In Cote d Ivoire , a consensus statement recommended that cmx should be prescribed to all adults at WHO stage 2, 3 or 4. We studied available blood cell counts of HIV-infected patients under cmx in a cohort study of HIV-infected adults in Abidjan. Methods: Am
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3394)
Glover-Walton C, Smith B; C. Glover-Walton, POBox 218, WITS, South Africa, Tel.: +011 716 2942, E-mail: 029chris@muse.arts.wits.ac.za
Background: Between 1997 & 1999, 204 workers at a South African coal mine volunteered to take the HIV test. One group (29.9%) took the test because the MD advised them to do so when they presented with HIV-related illnesses. During the annual in-service training, another group of workers (70.1%) were encouraged to
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3395)
Landers S, Fallas G, Barboza-Owens K, Young M, McGuire J; S. Landers, John Snow, Inc., 44 Farnsworth Street, Boston, MA 02210, United States, Tel.: (+1617) 482-9485, Fax: (+1617) 482-0617, E-mail: stewart_landers@jsi.com
Background: The city of New Bedford has reported 507 cases of AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic ranking it fourth among Massachusetts cities. JSI worked with community-based outreach workers to interview and conduct HIV-antibody testing in a non-clinical cohort of intravenous drug users. Methods: Participants we
A rare study from rural DR COngo. This is a cohort study of 100 antenatal attenders. Data collection took place in 1997. Prevalence rates of HIV, syphilis and gonorrhea will be reported. Rates found are very much lower than reported in other (urban) studies from DR Congo (formerly Zaire ). Implications for preventio
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3397)
Liyala P, Biomndo K, Davis J, Odonde W, Shanks GD, Wasunna KM, Michael N, Mason C; P. Liyala, American Embasssy - Medical Research Unit, American Embassy - MRU, PO Box 30137, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: +254 2 729 303, Fax: +254 2 714 592, E-mail: pamelaliyala@hotmail.com
Background: The tea plantations provide a stable communities with housing, schools, medical care by the continued employment of large numbers of workers. Over the past several years, there has been a marked increase in HIV-related deaths in the tea plantations. Barriers to HIV testing and the distribution of HIV in thi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3399)
Fisher K, Pettit R; K. Fisher, 1444 W Bethany Home Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85013, United States, Tel.: +1 602 242 48 43, Fax: +1 602 242 00 56
Background: A prospective longitudinal registry of US patients (pts) with HIV wasting syndrome was initiated to collect data on therapeutic interventions for the syndrome. The registry currently contains data on over 1800 patients and is called Seron AIDS (Serono AIDS Investigator Database Survey). Based on the finding
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3400)
Calvarese M; M.Calvarese, 305 Ball Street, Apt. 1042, College Station, Texas 77840, United States, Tel.: +1 409 862 9130, E-mail: michelle@geog.tamu.edu
Background: Africa has the highest AIDS prevalence rates in the world, however, AIDS prevalence rates have dropped in Uganda approximately 5 percent between 1993 and 1996. Primary objectives of this study are 1) to describe where the highest HIV/AIDS rates are (i.e. urban areas vs. rural areas), 2) link the HIV/AIDS d
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3401)
Chale SS, Bakari M, Aris E, Moshi A, Magao P, Mugusi F, Josiah R, Pallangyo N, Lyamuya E, Sandstrom E, Biberfeld G, Mhalu F, Pallangyo K; S.S. Chale, PO Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of, Tel.: +255 51 150 351, Fax: +255 51 151 350
Background: HIV is a major public health concern with sub-Saharan Africa accounting for 62% of the global burden. Since HIV vaccination appears to be the only decisive way of combating the epidemic, preparation of suitable cohorts for vaccine trials is important. Field experiences in handling these cohorts, especially
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3402)
Valleroy L, MacKellar DA, Mei JV, Kothe DL, Janssen R; L.Valleroy, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention C.D.C, Mailstop E-46, 1600 Clifton Road NW, Atlanta Georgia 30333, United States, Tel.: +404 639 28 80, Fax: +404 639 20 29, E-mail: lav0@cdc.gov
Background: Recent findings suggest a resurgent HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the U.S. Because few recent studies have measured HIV incidence in this population, we used a new testing method to investigate HIV incidence among 15- to 22-year-old MSM in 7 US cities. Methods: The 1994-1998 Young Me
Background: The Bela Vista Project is a cohort study aiming at preparing for future vaccine trials. It aims to gather IRV incidence and social-behavioral factors related to HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MWHSM). Results of 4 year investigation related to the social and demographic aspects of this cohort
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3404)
Smith D, Phelps R, Hamburger M, Carpenter C, Klein RS, Vlahov D, Schuman P, Holmberg SD; D. Smith, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-45, Atlanta GA 30333, United States, Tel.: +1 404 639 61 65, Fax: +1 404 639 61 18, E-mail: dkso@cdc.gov
Objective: To describe the rates and causes of death among HIV infected women and examine alterable contributory factors. Methods: From 4/93-12/98, 871 HIV infected women and 14 seroconvertors had biannual study visits for interview, exam, and laboratory tests. Clinical care was given by community providers, not within
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3405)
Nelson K, Galai N, Safaein M, Strathee S, Celentano D, Vlahov D;;; K. Nelson, John Hopkins Department of Epidemiology, 615 N Wolfe Street E1732, Baltimore Maryland 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 955 1296, Fax: +1 410 955 1836, E-mail: kenelson@jshph.edu
Objective: To describe trends of HIV incidence and risk factors for infection in a cohort of seronegative injection drug users (IDUs) in Baltimore between 1988 and December 1998. Methods: Beginning in Feb 1988, HIV negative IDUs (N = 1874) were enrolled in a prospective study and underwent semi-annual behavioral interv
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3406)
Mudaliar S; S. Mudaliar, 10 Vaidyaram Street, T.Nagar, Chennai ( Madras ) 600017, India, Tel.: +91 44 434 56 68, Fax: +91 44 433 22 85, E-mail: shakuntala_m@yahoo.com
Objective: To determine how the injection and sex risk behaviours of street-recruited injection drug users in community outreach, change over time and what factors may be associated with such changes. Methods: A cohort of IDUs (N = 250) enrolled for community outreach services provided structured interviews regarding d
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3407)
Onibokun A; A. Onibokun, PO Box 9099, U.I. Post Office, Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria, Tel.: +234 2 810 27 26, Fax: +234 2 810 45 36, E-mail: cassad@infoweb.abs.net
Background: This study tested hypotheses regarding attitudinal and normative influences on intentions to use condoms, a practice that would reduce Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) risk of sexually transmitted HIV infection. Methods: Eighty women selling sex and residing within Ibadan metropolis, were the subjects who part
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3408)
Kulshreshtha R, Singh B, Kumar A, Mathur A, Agarwal SK; R. Kulshreshtha, K. G. Medical College, P.G. Department of Microbiology, Virus Laboratory, Lucknow 226003, India, Tel.: +91 522 218 227, Fax: +91 522 347 010
Background: Blood transfusion is second largest mode of HIV transmission with ±95% efficacy rate. Present study was carried out to assess HIV reactivity status of transfusion recipients during one decade of mandatory HIV testing of blood. Methods: Cross sectional study groups consisted of haemophilliacs, dialysis an
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3409)
O'Farrell N; N.O'Farrell, St Mary's Hospital, Jefferiss Wing, Praed St, London W21NY, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 207 736 58 47, Fax: +44 207 736 58 47, E-mail: ofarrell@postmaster.co.uk
Objectives: There is considerable variation in the prevalence of HIV between countries in Africa. The reasons for this remain to be determined. Although STI s play a major role in facilitating HIV transmission, some countries with a high incidence of STI have low-grade epidemics. This study investigates the relationshi
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3410)
Sharma AK, Aggarwal OP, Dubey KK; A. K. Sharma, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Ghopa, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal, Tel.: +977 25 255 55, Fax: +977 25 202 51, E-mail: tingu98@hotmail.com
Background: Drug users are a known high risk group for HIV transmission.The drug users in India keep shifting from intravenous to non-intravenous route and vice-versa. So all drug users are potentially at risk og HIV infection. Objective: To find out whether drug users are more likely to practice high risk sexual beha
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3411)
Khandaker HH; H. H. Khandaker, Confidential Approach to AIDS Prev (CAAP), House 63/D (1st Floorf), Road # 15, Banani, Dhaka - 1213., Bangladesh, Tel.: +880 2 988 11 19, Fax: +880 2 988 42 66, E-mail: caap@citechco.net
Background: Bangladesh is a economically depressed over populated country with rigid socio-cultural restrictions and religious inhibitions. In traditional Bangladeshi culture open discussion on sex and its related issues are not acceptable. Teenagers and youths has poor knowledge on their own reproductive health and be
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3412)
Mabasi M, Minlangu M, Mama A, Mundele L, Nzila N, Colbunders R; M. Mabasi, Projet Sida / Kinshasa, Nationale Straat 155, Antwerp b- 2000, , Tel.: + 32 3 247 64 26, E-mail: m_mayala@itg.be
Background: Since 1991 in Kinshasa, HIV prevention program ticked over. Whith limited resources, choice of optional strategies were needed to fight HIV infection. The aims of this study were to 1) determine prevalence and incidence, risk factors of HIV infection; 2) define a minimum package of activities to prevent HI
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3413)
Newell M-L, Pembrey L, Tovo P-A; M. -L. Newell, ICH, Institute of Child Health, Depertment of Epidemiology, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N IEH, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 207 829 86 99, Fax: +44 207 813 81 45, E-mail: m.newell@ich.ucl.ac.uk
Background: Many HIV infected women are co-infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Little is known about the effect of risk factors on vertical transmission rates of HCV or HIV in this population. This analysis was carried out to investigate the effects of mode of delivery and infant feeding on the risk of mother-to-ch
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3414)
Fonck K, Kaul R, Kimani J, Bwayo J, Ngugi E, Moses S, Temmerman M; K. Fonck, ICRH, Ghent University, UZ Gent P3, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium, Tel.: +32 9 240 52 54, Fax: +32 9 240 38 67, E-mail: icrh@rug.ac.be
Background: There is evidence that frequent vaginal douching may increase women s susceptibility to sexually transmitted agents and hence, vaginal douching may indirectly play a role in the heterosexual transmission of HIV. This study was undertaken to assess the association between vaginal douching and STI among a gro
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3415)
Zhang K, Zuo Q, Shan GL, Xie Y; K. Zhang, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100 005, China, Tel.: +86 10 652 969 73, Fax: +86 10 652 88 170, E-mail: klzhang@bj.col.com.cn
Backgrounds: While a thorough understanding of prostitute s HIV/STD behaviors and related risk factors in China was continued to expand, a reinforced attention calls for the researches on client population as well. The clients basic information about awareness and attitudes on HIV/AIDS and related risk behaviors will
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3416)
Bauer PG, Freitas JC; P.G. Bauer, Hospital Universitario Gaffree e Guinle, Rua Mariz E Barros 775 - 10a Enfermaria - 2o Andar, Tijuca, CEP 20227-004, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 569 3025, Fax: +55 21 569 3025, E-mail: pigbau@yahoo.com
Issue: Cutting skin with blood contaminated knives is considered a potential risk for HIV transmission. Public health recommendations for religious scarifications suggest the use of individual knives or the application of disinfection procedures (boiling water or bleach). These recommendations can or will not always be
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3417)
Campbell T, Robinson N, Stephens T, Pellowe C, Loveday H, Youle M, Franks P, Pratt R; T. Campbell, The Hillingdon Hospital, Tudor Wing, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 2NN, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 1895 279 537, Fax: +44 1895 232 850, E-mail: tomaseamon@btinternet.com
Background: Recent studies indicate that significant numbers of men who have sex with men (MSM) are engaging in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI). These studies, along with anecdotal evidence, suggest that a perceived increase in the frequency of UAI may be related to changing personal perceptions of infectiousness s
HIV first detected among prostitutes in Madras in 1986. According to WHO estimates about a million people were infected in India and its is expected that it could become the country s biggest public health problem by this century. With more than 7000 primary health centres, 620000 hospital beds and one doctor for eve
Background: It has been reported that adults who fear acquiring HIV may seek sex with younger partners. When the partner is especially young, some persuasion may be needed. It was postulated that exposure to pornographic materials would facilitate this process. Method: In a survey of physical and sexual abuse amongst G
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3420)
Dralobu J, Idro JW, Asusi S, Tani S, Mawa J, Waka P; J.Dralobu, Maci- Uganda, c/o Msf Swiss, PO Box 31282, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 41 268 498, Fax: +256 41 268 498, E-mail: msfch@imul.com
Issue: Adolescent boys and girls in rural communities are increasingly vulnerable to HIV/AIDS/STDs due to the high level of poverty. Since sexuality is a subject rarely discussed in our society, adolescent accessibility to information particularly sexuality is almost impossible as such they are rendered vulnerable as r
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3421)
Castilho E, Szwarcwald C, Barbosa-Junior A, Gomes MR, Oliveira S, Chequer P; E. Castilho, Brazilian STD/AIDS Program - MOH, Esplanada dos Ministerios Bloco G, Sobreloja, 70058-900, Brazil, Tel.: +55-61-225-7559, Fax: +55-61-315 2643, E-mail: aids@aids.gov.br
Background: A two-stage sample of 30318 Brazilian military conscripts (military service is mandatory in Brazil) aged 17-20 years (mean and median = 18) was selected in 1998 in order to investigate, inter alia, the prevalence of HIV-infection, history of genito-urinary (GU) symptoms and sexual behaviour. Looseness=-1000
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3422)
Colfax G, Mansergh G, Vittinghoff E, Guzman R, Marks G, Buchbinder S; G. Colfax, San Francisco Dept of Public Health, HIV Research Section, 25 Van Ness Ave, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States, Tel.: 415-554-9173, Fax: 415-621-0641, E-mail: grant_colfax@dph.sf.ca.us
Background: Circuit parties (CPs) are international events attended by thousands of gay/bisexual men. The number of CPs is increasing, but no prior studies have described risk behavior prevalence in this setting, despite anecdotal reports of widespread drug use and unprotected sex. Methods:Cross-sectional study of 300
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3423)
Sanchez SE, Sanchez J, Chiappe M, Catlin M, Xia M, Holmes K, Campos P;;; S.E. Sanchez, Peruvian Ministry of Health, Av. Salaverry, Block 8th, Lima, Peru, Tel.: + 51 1 9453473, Fax: + 51 1 3281424, E-mail: ho2may+@amauta.rcp.net.pe
Objective:To assess symptoms, signs, and demographic and behavioral variables as predictors for vaginal and cervical infections in women attending family planning clinics in Peru in order to create managing algorithms. Methods: Prospective, Cross sectional study. Setting: Four Family planning clinics in Lima, Peru: Do
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3424)
Kamakura M; M. Kamakura, Kezo Univeristy Preventine Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo 160 - 8582, Japan, Tel.: +8 353 633 158, Fax: +8 333 58 19 55, E-mail: mkamakur@iijnet.or.jp
Background: HIV epidemics in Asia/Pacific countries are diverse, localized and have different trends over time. The author analyzed highly varied socioeconomic and cultural environments that can either help or hinder the spread of HIV in Asia/Pacific region. Methods: A number of factors including differential levels of
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3425)
Nguyen Thi Thanh T, Tran Phuc H, Luong Thu T, Tran Van D, Ha Ba K; T. Nguyen Thi Thanh, Rasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, 167 Pasteur, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tel.: +84 8 820 2815, Fax: +84 8 823 1419, E-mail: ththuy@netnamz.org.vn
Background: HIV sentinel surveillance has been improved in southern Vietnam , but the voluntary testing has been relatively ineffective. This study investigates socio-demographic status and behaviours among clients of voluntary testing sites in order to help improve this activity. Methods: The Pasteur Institute in Ho
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3426)
Nzila N, Edidi B, Kolo M, Engele B; N. Nzila, BP 8502, Kinshasa I, Congo, The Democratic Republic, Tel.: +243 88 438 32, E-mail: projetsida@lc.cd
Introduction: For more than a decade, HIV prevalence has been stable around 4-8% in the general population in Kinshasa, DRC, while it has increased dramatically in the neighboring countries. Objectives: To find out factors associated with sexual behaviors and with risks of contracting HIV & STDS. Methods: We looked
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3427)
John M-A; M-A. John, University of Natal, Dept. of Medical Microbiology, P Bag 7, Congella, 4013, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 260 43 95, Fax: +27 31 260 44 31, E-mail: john@med.und.ac.za
Background: The prevalence of cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS patients in Africa is estimated at 30%. Mortality rates in developing countries are very high despite anti-fungal therapy. In a previous South African study on cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS patients, a 54% two week mortality was documented. Optimal therapy
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3428)
Ford K, Sohn W, Lepkowski J; K. Ford, University of Michigan, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, United States, Tel.: +1 734 763 5974, Fax: +1 734 764 3192, E-mail: kford@umich.edu
Introduction: The sexual network of a population influences the timing and pattern of the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. The objective of this paper is to describe the sexual networks of American adolescents including characteristics of partners, bridge partners, and concurrency in sexual realti
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3429)
Bueno R, Mesquita F, Kral A, Reingold A, Sanches M, Haddad I; R. Bueno, IEPAS, Av Campos Sales, 59, Santos - S.P., 11013.401, Brazil, Tel.: +55 13 235 4842, Fax: +55 13 234 2576, E-mail: iepasede@atribuna.com.br
Background: In the past ten years there has been a substantial decrease in individual risk associated with the use of drugs, particularly injection drug use. However, the same pattern of risk reduction is not found in relation to sexual behavior among drug users. Methodology: Injection drug users (IDUs) in Santos,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3430)
Tayra A, Hasegawa SS, Santos NJ, Tancredi MV, Melo CS, Oliveira CA, Cardoso MR, Guibu IA; A. Tayra, Sao Paulo STD/Aids Referral and Training Center, Dr.Nicolau de Souza Queiroz, 70 apto 74, Vila Mariana- Sao Paulo-SP- Brazil, CEP 041 05-000, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 575 42 11, Fax: +55 11 539 34 45, E-mail: atayra@hotmail.com
Background: The study was performed in the Leonor Mendes de Barros Maternity, whose demand is an average 500 deliveries/month. It is a high-risk pregnancy referral for the eastern region of the city. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Syphilis and HIV in the hospital. Methods: We assess
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3431)
Peres C, Silveira F, Peres RA, Leme B, Paiva V, Hearst N, Stall R; C. Peres, R. Santa Cruz 81, Sao Paulo 04121 000, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 508 45 236, Fax: +55 11 508 45 236, E-mail: xucam@mandic.com.br
Background: To describe the profile and variables related to AIDS prevention among incarcerated boys in a governmental facility as a baseline for future prevention programs. Most boys are from lower economic groups and also live in regions with high rates of crime and violence. Methods: A random sample (N = 276) of inm
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3432)
Gondim R, Kerr-Pontes LR; R. Gondim, Rua Julio Cesar 420 Benfica, 60425-350 Fortaleza/CE, Brazil, Tel.: +55 85494 4077, Fax: +55 85253 4159, E-mail: rgondim@brhs.com.br
Background: Sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS, especially among men who take sex with other men (MSM), still assumes a significant proportion among AIDS cases in Ceara (46%). Since 1995, prevention programs addressed to this specific population were implemented in a systematic way. The goal of this study was compare risk
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3433)
Stojicic P, Pantelic M, Kaplanovic I; P. Stojicic, Youth of Yugoslav Association Against AIDS(JAZAS), Palackova 8, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia, Tel.: +381 11 669 121, Fax: +381 11 322 5645, E-mail: artifex@ptt.yu
BACKGROUND:Goal of this study is to display HIV transmission within population of patients who have had their first examination done at The Clinic for Infectious Diseases-AIDS Center in Belgrade, during the last two years period( 98- 99). Methods: Research has been conducted during January 2000.Data taken from patients
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3434)
Armstrong K, Woelk G, Gloyd S; K. Armstrong, University of Washington, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, International Health Program, PO Box 357660, Seattle, WA 98195-7660, United States, Tel.: +1 206 528 3134, Fax: +1 206 528 3550, E-mail: keiraa@u.washington.edu
Background: Zimbabwe National AIDS Coordination Program data from 1996-1999 indicate that HIV prevalence among pregnant women ranges from 7% to 50%. Pregnant women attending sentinel surveillance clinics in Zimbabwe were surveyed to test the hypothesis that socio-economic factors and health infrastructure are associate
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3435)
Barcellos N, Fuchs S; N. Barcellos, Health State Secretariat, Fonseca Guimaraes, 205, Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil, Tel.: 55 021 51 2332103, Fax: 55 021 51 2332103, E-mail: bar2000@zaz.com.br
Background: Since 1989 free and anonymous HIV testing is offered in Porto Alegre, the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil s most meridional state. The local epidemiological data shows that the main route of infection in our state is, since 1996, the intravenous drug use with shared needles and syringes. Methods: To k
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3436)
Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Stancil TR, Martinson FE, Donaldson KH, Aral SO, Fullilove RE; A. A. Adimora, Div of Infect Dis, Dept of Medicine, 547 Burnett Womack, CB 7030, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7030, United States, Tel.: +919-966-2536, Fax: +919-966-6714, E-mail: adimora@med.unc.edu
Background: Sexual interaction patterns, such as concurrent partnerships and individuals with very high partner frequency, can dramatically influence HIV transmission in a population. Despite increasing heterosexual HIV transmission among African Americans (AAs) in the rural South, there are few data about sexual patte
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3437)
Gresenguet G; G. Gresenguet, National reference center for STD and AIDS, Boite Postale 2229, Bangui, Central African Republic, Tel.: +236 61 07 30, Fax: +236 61 29 40, E-mail: crmst@intnet.cf
Background: To determine anonymously HIV sero-prevalence and risk factors associated with HIV infection among attenders of the Anonymous testing Center (ATC) of Bangui in order to implement a prevention program for heterosexuals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from september 97 to december 99 at the ATC
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3438)
Gresenguet G, Bassirou B, Sehonou J, Malkin JE, Belec; G. Gresenguet, Natioanl Reference Center for STD and AIDS, Boite Postale 2229, Bangui, Central African Republic, Tel.: +236 61 07 30, Fax: +236 61 29 40, E-mail: crmst@intnet.cf
Background: To determine anonymously HIV prevalence and risk factors associated with HIV infection among asymptomatic attenders of the Anonymous Testing Center (ATC) of Bangui in order to implement prevention program for heterosexuals living in the Central Africa Republic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3439)
Royce R, McClamroch K, Fernandez I, Wilson T, Ickovics J, Koenig L;;; R. Royce, Dept of Epidemiology, Univ of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#7400, McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 74 40, Fax: +1 919 966 20 89, E-mail: Rachel_Royce@unc.edu
Background: Concurrency of sexual partnerships (i.e. partnerships that overlap in time) may help determine speed of STD/HIV spread and may indicate a population s susceptibility to epidemics. We investigated the frequency of concurrency 5 years prior to pregnancy and its association with number of sexual partners and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3440)
Ramos Rodriguez C, Baney M, Morales RJ, Parham D, Lago M, Baney M, Morales JR, Parham D, Lago M; C. Ramos Rodriguez, 630 W. 168th Street, New York, N.Y. 10032, United States, Tel.: +1 212 304 3173, Fax: +1 212 304 7174, E-mail: cr319@columbia.edu
Background: In the U.S., over 10% of all AIDS cases occur in persons over age 50. Of these cases, at least 25% are over age 60; 4% are over age 70. HIV infection in the elderly has been largely unappreciated in the design of prevention, outreach, and early intervention treatment programs. Methods: A risk assessment ins
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3441)
Razak MH, Jittiwutikarn J, Vongchak T, Srirak N, Sawanpanyalert P, Wiriya M, Khamboonruang C, Suriyanon V, Celentano DD; M.H. Razak, 615 North Wolfe Street, Suite E7132, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 955 13 56, Fax: +1 410 955 18 36, E-mail: our@loxinfo.co.th
Background: A sharp increase in methamphetamine use (Thai: ya baa ) among northern Thai adolescents has occurred since 1997. HIV risk may occur in these youth directly by injecting or indirectly by engaging in unsafe sex. We investigated the association between ya baa use and HIV risk among male patients admitted to No
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3442)
Morar NS, Ramjee G; N.S. Morar, AIDS Programme, Medical Research Council, P O Box 17120, Congella, 4013, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 202 07 77, Fax: +27 31 20 09 50, E-mail: morarn@mrc.ac.za
Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)have been shown to play a contributory role in facilitating HIV transmission. People with STIs are more likely to get infected with HIV because the same behavioural and social risk factors underlie both illnesses.The early diagnosis and effective treatment of STI is a
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3443)
Bloom SS, Isingo R, Urassa M, Ng'weshemi JZ, Boerma JT; S.S. Bloom, Carolina Population Center, 123 West Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 70 99, Fax: +1 919 962 72 17, E-mail: shelah_bloom@unc.edu
Background: Studies of the determinants of HIV infection have focused on individual factors. Community-level factors are also likely to influence the risk of HIV infection. Methods: Two sero-surveys of all residents aged 15-44 in Kisesa, Tanzania were carried out in 1994/95 and 1996/97 (N = 5820 and 6413), with HIV inc
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3444)
Scholtz CL, De Villiers JN, Van Rensburg EJ, Kotze MJ; C.L. Scholtz, University of Stellenbosch, Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa, Tel.: +27 21 938 9103, Fax: +27 21 931 7810, E-mail: cs@gerga.sun.ac.za
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are increasingly responsible for the majority of premature deaths in South Africa . Recent reports provided evidence that treatment of HIV-infected subjects with drug regimens containing protease inhibitors ,
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3445)
Santos-Filho ET, Menezes AV, Durovni B, Burlamaqui L, Figueiredo MC, Ramos RS, Gomes R, Saraceni V; E.T. Santos-Filho, AV Rio Branco 135/709, Rio De Janeiro 20040-006, Brazil, Tel.: +552 151 839 93, Fax: +552 151 819 97, E-mail: etfilho@attglobal.net
Problem: Misdiagnosis has been often reported from AIDS patients, both to the health authorities and to non-governmental organizations. An HIV sentinel survey, carried in the emergency rooms of a major public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro city (Souza Aguiar Municipal Hospital), revealed over than 18% seroprevalence for
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3446)
Beck A, McNally I, Petrak J; A. Beck, University of East London, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 20 7377 7038, Fax: +44 20 7377 7648, E-mail: ambrose.king@dial.pipex.com
Background: Studies have established a link between a history of non-consensual sex (NCS) and HIV risk behaviour in several populations including gay men. This study aims to identify factors underlying this association by comparing the psychological profile (including distress, self-esteem, internalised homophobia, and
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3447)
Gregson S, Nyamukapa C, Mason P, Garnett G, Zhuwau T, Anderson R, Chandiwana S; S. Gregson, Oxford University, Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3DF UK, Zimbabwe, Tel.: +263 186 528 18 86, Fax: +263 186 528 12 45, E-mail: sajgregson@aol.com
Background: Previous research has shown that HIV infection is extensive in rural areas of Zimbabwe . Data on the epidemiology of HIV infection within rural communities are needed to inform the development of more effective prevention programmes. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based survey of HIV infection and sex
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3448)
Willumsen J, Filteau S, Coutsoudis A, Newell M-L, Dwarika S, York D, Tomkins A; J. Willumsen, Dept. Paediatircs, Medical School, University of Natal, Private Bag X7, Congella 4013, Durban, South Africa, Tel.: +27 31 260 4489, Fax: +27 31 260 4388, E-mail: willumsenj@med.und.ac.za
Subclinical mastitis has been found to be prevalent among lactating women in Durban, with over 26% of women having severely raised breastmilk Na/K ratio indicative of this condition. As raised Na/K has been associated with high viral load it has been speculated that this may increase the risk of postnatal transmission
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3449)
Metzger D, Woody G, Davis-Vogel A, Navaline H; D. Metzger, Penn/VA Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Cestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States, Tel.: +215-823-6098, Fax: +215-823-6080, E-mail: metzger@research.trc.upenn.edu
Background: The frequent use of crack cocaine has been associated with elevated sexual risks of HIV infection. The link between non-injection drug use and HIV incidence has not bee widely studied. Methods: To examine the risk of HIV infection among non-injection drug using women, 222 uninfected women from Philadelphia
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3450)
Ramos Rodriguez C, Baney M, Morales RJ, Parham D, Lago M; C. Ramos Rodriguez, 630 W. 168th Street, New York, N.Y. 10032, United States, Tel.: +1 212 741-3115, Fax: +1 212 353-3056, E-mail: NYPUG@aol.com
Background: In the U.S., over 10% of all AIDS cases occur in persons over age 50. Of these cases, at least 25% are over age 60; 4% are over age 70. HIV infection in the elderly has been largely unappreciated in the design of prevention, outreach and early intervention treatment programs. Methods: A risk assessment inst
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3451)
Taylor Dr, Hutchinson S, Goldberg Dr; Dr. A. Taylor, SCIEH, Clifton House, Clifton Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 141 300 1100, Fax: +44 141 300 1170, E-mail: avril.taylor@scieh.csa.scot.nhs.uk
Aims: To examine (a) the change in prevalence of injecting risk behaviour between 1990 and 1999 - a time during which needle/syringe exchange and methadone maintenance provision continued to expand - and (b) the association between injecting risk behaviour and needle/syringe exchange utilisation. Methods: Self-report d
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3452)
Deren S, Colen H, Caceres F, Robles R, Shedlin M, Andia J, Kang SY;;; S. Deren, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., Two World Trade Center, 16th Floor, New York, NY 10048, United States, Tel.: +1 212 845 4400, Fax: +1 212 845 4698, E-mail: deren@ndri.org
Background: Mobility of drug users and migration to areas with high HIV prevalence have been identified as important factors to study for understanding HIV transmission. Three groups are examined to assess HIV-related risk behaviors associated with travel to a high seroprevalence community: Puerto Rican (PR) drug users
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3453)
Sehonou J, Atadokpede F, Lawani R; J. Sehonou, BP 517 TEL (229)30 02 73, Cotonou Benin, Benin, Tel.: +229 30 02 73, E-mail: sehonou@intnet.bj
Issue: In order to decline the spread of HIV transmission in the Benin Armed forces, we conducted briefing in various military camps in Cotonou (Republic of Benin). Project: At December 1st, 1999, the three Focal Points of Ministry of Defence concerning HIV/AIDS and STI conducted briefing in various military camps in C
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3454)
Auvert B, Taljaard D, Williams BG, Campell CM, Macphail C, Ballard R, Carton M, Gouws E; B. Auvert, INSERM U88, 14, Rue du Val d'Osne, 94415 Saint Maurice Cedex, France, Tel.: +33 1 45 18 38 71, Fax: +33 1 45 18 38 89, E-mail: bertran.auvert@paris-ouest.univ-paris5.fr
Background: HIV prevalence is increasing sharply in South Africa. The objectives of this study are to describe the epidemic of HIV among women aged 15 to 25 years in a town in South Africa and to identify risk factors of HIV infection. Methods: A community based, cross-sectional study has been conducted on a random sa
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3455)
McKaig R, Patton L, Strauss R, Eron J, Slade G, Thomas J, Rogers D; R. McKaig, UNC-Chapel Hill, CB# 7450 UNC School of Dentistry, Dept. of Dental Ecology, UNC-Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7450, United States, Tel.: +1 919 966 2787, Fax: +1 919 966 6761, E-mail: rosemary_mckaig@unc.edu
Background: Oral manifestations such as candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia have presented as markers of HIV disease progression but little is known about the perception of oral conditions among persons with HIV. The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical and socio-demographic factors associated with sel
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3456)
Sikkema K, Anderson E, Winett R, Solomon L, Brondino M, Heckman T, Kelly J, Roffman R; K. Sikkema, Yale School of Medicine, The Consultation Center, 389 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, United States, Tel.: +1 203 789 7645, Fax: +1 203 562 6355, E-mail: kathleen.sikkema@yale.edu
Background: HIV increasingly affects young and impoverished minority communities. This study describes the prevalence and predictors of HIV risk behavior among inner-city youth, ages 12-17. Methods: Assessments were administered to 1165 adolescents living in 15 low-income housing developments in three U.S. cities. Part
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3457)
Burattini MN, Massad E, Strazza L, Azevedo RS, Carvalho HB, Takey K; M.N. Burattini, The University of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, CEP 01246-903, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 881 77 17, Fax: +55 11 280 98 38, E-mail: mnburatt@usp.br
Background: HIV infection and AIDS are major public health concerns for prison authorities. The Brazilian penal system comprises 511 penitentiaries which host around 86,500 prisoners, of whom aproximately 50% are in the State of Sao Paulo. About 30% of them report ever having used illicit drugs in life. Our main purpos
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3458)
Strathdee S, Galai N, Safaeian M, Celentano DD, Vlahov D, Nelson K; S. Strathdee, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Rm E6010, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States, Tel.: +1 410 614 68 66, Fax: +1 410 955 13 83, E-mail: sstrathd@jhsph.edu
Objective: To identify risk factors for HIV seroconversion among male and female IDUs in a cohort of IDUs who are primarily out of treatment. Methods: Beginning in 1988, in Baltimore HIV-negative IDUs enrolled in a prospective cohort study and underwent semi-annual interviewer-administered questionnaires and HIV testin
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3459)
Pasley M, Rawlings MK, Hamel E, Lange M, de Guzman C, Lapins D; M. Pasley, Parkland Health & Hospital System, 9202 Elam Road, Dallas, TX 75217, United States, Tel.: +1 214 266 1605, Fax: +1 214 266 1714, E-mail: mpasle@parknet.pmh.org
Background: Southeast Dallas Health Center (SDHC) is a Parkland Health & Hospital System, Community Oriented Primary Care (COPC) clinic in Dallas, Texas, USA. SDHC receives Ryan White Title III funding to service HIV+ patients (pts). All pts complete risk assessment surveys upon entry into the program. The purpose
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3460)
Ballesteros S, Flynn N, Gibson DR; S. Ballesteros, University of California, Davis, 306 Cambridge Terrace, B, Davis, CA 95616, United States, Tel.: +(530)758-43-24, E-mail: sharon_ballesteros@dadebehring.com
Transmission of HIV is usually investigated through the use of perinatal transmission and partner studies. Much information has been gained about mother to infant and sexual transmission, but information about transmission from needle sharing is not readily available. Most transmission studies require a cohort of partn
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3461)
Ferry B, Katz C, Lydie N; B. Ferry, CEPED/IRD, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Medecine, 75006 Paris, France, Tel.: +33 1 44 41 82 33, Fax: +33 1 44 41 82 31, E-mail: ferry@ceped.ined.fr
Background: In Africa, HIV prevalence varies markedly by region and country. Reasons for this difference were hypothesised to be different sexual behaviour and networking patterns together with differences in the extent of biological co-factors related to infection. Method: The study is part of a multicentre study on f
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3462)
Carneiro M, Cardoso F, Greco M, Oliveira E, Andrade J, Greco D, Antunes C; M. Carneiro, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Dep Parasitologia - ICB, Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901 - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, Tel.: +55 314 992 839, Fax: +55 314 992 860, E-mail: mcarneir@mono.icb.ufmg.br
Background: An open cohort of HIV negative homo/bisexual men (Project Horizonte) was established (October 1994) in Belo Horizonte, Brazil , with the objective of determining HIV infection incidence rate and of identifying future volunteers for possible vaccine trials. Objectives: To identify risk factors for HIV infec
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3463)
Ziqubu Page T, Nyirongo M, Mahlalela X, Mokati KD, Mitchell T, Mamabolo N, Da Cruz Gomez A, Simpson A; T. Ziqubu Page, School of Health Systems & Public Health, University of Pretoria, PO Box 667, 0001. Pretoria, South Africa, Tel.: +27 12 339 8596/8618, Fax: +27 12 323 8534, E-mail: tzpage@medic.up.ac.za
Background: The paper determines the influence of individual background information (age, race, sex, education and provincial location) and HIV/AIDS programme inputs (condom distribution, staff training and knowledge of syndromic management) on South African HIV & STD clientelle. Methods: Data from HIV sero-prevale
Issues: Analytical observation of major risk factors e.g; Needle Sharing, Unprotected multi-partner sexual activities & choice of vein among 170 IDUs in Calcutta. Description: Intervention studies on conceptualization of risk perception were done for nine months in outreach clinics among 170 IDUs in Calcutta. At t
Int Conf AIDS 2000 Jul 9-14; 13:(abstract no. TuPeC3465)
Mubangizi J, Downing R, Ssebbowa E, Bunnell R, Kalule J, Marum E, Namwebya JH, Wangalwa S, Mermin J; J. Mubangizi, AIDS Information Centre, P.O. Box 10446, Kampala, Uganda, Tel.: +256 075 759 305, E-mail: jhm7@cdc.gov
Background: The AIDS Information Centre (AIC) offers HIV counseling and testing to over 40,000 clients annually in Uganda . Eighteen percent of married couple
