Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:214 (abstract no. Tu.06)
Parker RG; Institute of Social Medicine, State Univ. of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Fax: 55-21-228-9526. E-mail: parker@vmesa.uerj.br.
Summary: Based on recent social and behavioral research, together with more than a decade of practical experience in countries around the world, an important shift has begun to take place in models or paradigms that have been developed to understand and respond to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. A growing awareness of the compl
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:214 (abstract no. Tu.07)
Bryson YJ; Dept. of Pediatrics, UCLA Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Fax: 310-206-5529/4764. E-mail: trossom@pediatrics.medsch.ucla.edu.
Summary: There have been major advances in the understanding and prevention of maternal fetal HIV-1 transmission and in factors associated with rapid or slow progression in infected infants. Without intervention the majority of pediatric HIV infection is acquired from the mother either in-utero, at the time of birth, o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:214 (abstract no. Tu.08)
Elias C; The Population Council, USA.
Women throughout the world face a growing risk of infection with HIV. Consistent condom use, one cornerstone of primary prevention strategy, is not always feasible for many women. Consequently, women urgently need infection prevention technology that is within their personal control. This session will review current ef
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:214 (abstract no. Tu.09)
Moore JP; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY, USA.
Society desperately needs a vaccine to slow HIV-1 spread. New drug therapies may help richer nations, but are unaffordable to most of the world. A vaccine and increasedducational interventions provide the only hope for much of Africa, Asia and South America. But how is Western science best able to develop a vaccine? I
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:214 (abstract no. Tu.10)
Mbidde E; Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-532-282. E-mail: e.k.mbidde@mukla.gn.apc.or.
By the YR 2000 approximately 40M people would havebeenHIV-infected with 90% of them from developing countries despite the availability and use of what are considered to be effective interventions against HIV/AIDS. These projections raise two important questions: 1) why are current interventions not so effective in thos
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Tu.A.100)
Carr JK, Salminen MO, Leinikki P, Johansson B, Burke DS, McCutchan FE; Henry M. Jackson Foundation Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 301-762-7460. E-mail: jcarr@hiv.hjf.org.
Objective: To obtain the initial prototypic full length genomic sequences of HIV-1 isolates of clades C, E and G. Methods: DNA from primary virus cultures on donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-1 infections acquired in Ethiopia (C2220, clade C), Thailand (CM240, clade E) and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Tu.A.101)
Williamson C, Engelbrecht S, van Harmelen J, van Rensburg EJ, Bredell W, Wood R; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Cape Town Medical School, South Africa. Fax: 21-448-4110. E-mail: cwilliam@medmicro.uct.ac.za.
Objectives: To determine HIV-1 subtypes in different risk groups in Cape Town, South Africa . Methods: DNA was isolated from blood drawn from 84 patients attending local clinics. Samples were divided into 4 groups according to presumed mode of transmission: homosexual/bisexual (n=37), heterosexual/vertical (n=42), bloo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Tu.A.102)
Robbins KE, Jaffe HW, Schable CA, Brown TM, Rapier JM, Hoenes TE, Schochetman G, Kalish ML; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-2660. E-mail: Ker2@ciddas 1.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: In 1981, specimens were obtained from homosexual men by the Centers for Disease Control(CDC) task force, formed to investigate increases in opportunistic infections among homosexual men in the U.S. We successfully used seven of these samples to determine the DNA sequences of two regions of the HIV-1 genome.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Tu.A.103)
Morgado MG, Guimaraes ML, Gripp CB, Costa CI, Santos VG, Linhares-Carvalho MI, Bastos FI, Galvao-Castro B, Castilho EA, Bongertz V; Dept. of Immunology -Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Brasil.
Objective: Three HIV-1 subtypes, B, F and C have been found in Brazil up now, in addition to a recombinant B/F genome, with a clear predominance of subtype B isolates. Moreover, those studies have also shown that many Brazilian subtype B isolates present a typical amino acid composition (GWGR) at the conserved crown of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Tu.A.104)
Auewarakul P, McLane MF, Wasi C, Essex M; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: 617-739-8348. E-mail: pauewara@hsph.harvard.edu.
Objective: To obtain HIV-1 subtype E isolates from heterosexually infected individuals in Thailand and to analyze their envelope sequences and biological properties. Methods: HIV-1 were isolated by co-cultivation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from infected pregnant women with donor PBMC. The infected indi
Objective: To provide practical methods in order to monitor the distribution of HIV types and subtypes in different countries and to be able to follow changes in the HIV epidemic. Methods: A V3-based PEIA system was developed and evaluated for efficient serodifferentiation of HIV-1 and HIV-2 as well as several HIV-1 su
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:217 (abstract no. Tu.A.140)
Furlini G, RE MC, Vignoli M, Ramazzotti E, La Placa M; Microbiologia St. Orsola Gen. Hospital, Bologna, Italy. Fax: +39-51-341632. E-mail: got1688@iperbole.bologna.it.
Objective: To study the effect of concurrent HHV-6 infection on cell surface markers and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection of two different hematopoietic progenitor cell lines: TF-1 and KG-1A, and normal bone marrow human hematopoietic (CD34+) progenitor cells. Methods: TF-1 (100% CD34-positive, erythromyeloid progenit
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:217 (abstract no. Tu.A.141)
Nagai Y, Hu H, Moriya C, Xin X, Hasan M, Shioda T; Institute of Medical Science, Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: +81-3-5449-5409. E-mail: ynagai@hgc.ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Objective: To learn the significance of heavy glycosylation and sialylation of virion surface for the infectivity and cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 and other human and non-human lentiviruses. Methods: T cell line tropic HIV-1 strains SF2 and NL43 were treated in vitro or in culture with neuraminidase and their replication
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:217 (abstract no. Tu.A.142)
Chenine AL, Sanchez G, LeContel C, Godard C, Chermann JC, Hirsch I; INSERM, Unite de Recherches sur les Retrovirus et Maladies Associees, Marseille, France. Fax: (33) 91 41 92 50.
Objective: The human colon epithelial line HT29 was used as a model for study of persistent and abortive infection with HIV-1 in CD4 negative cells. Methods: Infection of HT29 cells with different subtypes of HIV-1 was followed by production of reverse transcriptase activity or p24gag to cell free supernatant or by coc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:217 (abstract no. Tu.A.143)
Oltrogge J, von Briesen H, Engelhardt B, Pereda-Fernandez C, Woelki U, Schlote W, Lorenz R, Rubsamen-Waigmann H, Unger RE; Chemotherapeutical Research Institute, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany. Fax: 0049 69 633 95 297.
Objective: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) not only results in immune system dysfunction (AIDS) but also frequently in a dementing neurological disorder of the brain, or AIDS dementia complex (ADC), which can be clinically distinguished from other CNS complications due to AIDS. Individuals with AD
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Tu.A.144)
Elmostafa B, Moulard M, Elmeskini R, Canarelli S, Montagnier L; Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
Objective: To study the interaction between HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV enveloppe glycoproteins and glycolipids. Methods: Two complementary approaches have been used to investigate the interaction between HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV envelope glycoproteins and glycolipids (galactosylceramide, glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide) or ce
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Tu.A.145)
Polliotti BM, Demeter L, Subbarao S, Keesling S, Lee GR, Caba J, Panigel M, Nahmias AJ, Reichman R, Miller RK; Dept. of Obst/Gynec, Univ of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine & Dentistry, NY, USA. Fax: (716) 244-1234. E-mail: BPOLLIOTTI@OBGYN.ROCHESTER.EDU.
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the infectivity of HIV-1 strains in the human placenta in vitro. Methods: Three viral strains are utilized: two laboratory strains: Bal and IIIb and VI-5, isolated from an HIV-infected baby at birth (viral culture and PCR positive). Bal and VI-5 are non-syncytium-induc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Tu.A.146)
Vellani NN, Mo T, Leung B, Cassol S; B.C. Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Pauls Hospital, Vancouver, BC. E-mail: cassol@hivnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To study the Kinetics of HIV-1 transcription in the cells of macrophage-monocyte lineage and lymphocytes. Method: CEM (lymphocytic) and U937 (promonocytic) cells infected with LAV-1 were harvested from O to 20 hours post infection (hpi). Tat, rev and nef transcripts were quantified as copy numbers by the met
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Tu.A.150)
Awatcharagarn P, Kunakorn M, Raksakait K, Petchclai B; Dept. of Pathology, Ramathibodi Hosp., Bangkok, Thailand. Fax: 662-246-4281. E-mail: ramkn@mahidol.ac.th.
Objective: Single round polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by membrane hybridization, or nested PCR without hybridization are the usual strategies used for detection of HIV-1 DNA in peripheral blood cells. However, membrane hybridization is laborious and time-consuming while contamination remains the major proble
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Tu.A.151)
Constantine NT, Mohamed AH, Zhang X, Sangare A, Holm-Hansen C; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-328-3726.
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of a new HIV 1/2 rapid assay with sera from 9 countries, and using 4 HIV seroconversion panels. Methods: A total of 1,472 sera were included and originated from: Tanzania (171), Cote d lvoire (20), Peru (283), Egypt (200),
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Tu.A.152)
Lewis-Ximenez LL, Schechter M, Schatzmayr H, Yoshida CT, Quinn TC; Departamento de Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, RJ, Brazil. Fax: 55 (21) 270-6397.
Objective: To determine the effect of HCV and HIV coinfection on viral load of each viral infection compared to individuals infected with only one infection, and to investigate their possible interactions. Materials and Methods: Sera from three groups of individuals were divided according to their HCV/HIV status: group
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Tu.A.153)
Busch M, Schumacher RT, Stramer S, Garrett PE; Boston Biomedica, Inc., Bridgewater, MA, USA. Fax: 508-580-0250.
Objectives: To evaluate the evolution of significant markers of early HIV infection and assess their potential for reducing the HIV window period. Methods: Between 1987 and 1995, serial bleeds collected from individuals recently infected with HIV (seroconversion, SC) were tested with methods designed to detect HIV anti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Tu.A.154)
Roberts TC, Storch GA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. Fax: (314)367-3765. E-mail: roberts_T@al.kids.wustl.edu.
Objective: Toxoplasma encephalitis and EBV-associated lymphoma are leading causes of space-occupying lesions of the brain in patients with AIDS. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the simultaneous diagnosis of AIDS-related central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma and toxoplasmosis, and its perfo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Tu.A.155)
De Wolf F, Von Briesen H, Holmes H, Bakker M, Cornelissen C, Goudsmit J; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Mecical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-6916531.
Objective: To investigate whether differences in replication could be found between HIV-1 subtypes by comparing the efficiency of PBMC culture, as well as HIV-1 genomic RNA levels measured in plasma of individuals newly infected with HIV-1 subtype B, E, A or D. Materials and Methods: HIV-1 RNA levels were measured by N
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Tu.A.160)
Chen YA, Chen SH, Osame M; National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. Fax: (886-2) 8210514. E-mail: Arthur@dns.ym.edu.tw.
Objective: To understand the antibody reactivities and interaction between anti-p53, anti-Tof, anti-Rex and anti-Tax antibodies in HTLV-I-infected people. Methods: A GST-Tof expression plasmid was constructed and the fusion protein was used for Western blot assay (WB). In addition, WBs with different antigens which inc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Tu.A.161)
Taylor GP, Tosswill JHC, Matutes E, Daenke S, Bangham CR, Rossor M, Thomas D, Weber JN; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK. Fax: 44 171 725 6738. E-mail: GPT30@ic.ac.uk.
Objectives: To determine the natural history of HTLV-I infection in carriers, the spectrum of subclinical abnormalities and to identify prognostic markers. Methods: A longitudinal, prospective, clinical study of 16 HTLV-I asymptomatic carriers and 4 patients with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy between 1991 and 1995. Lymp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Tu.A.162)
Yang R, McLeod D; Nat. Lab. for Viral Oncology, Bur. of Microbiology, Lab., Centre for Disease Control, Ottawa, Ont. Fax: (613) 954-0207. E-mail: dmcleod@hpb.hwc.ca.
Objective: To isolate and characterize the HTLV-II related retrovirus from a seropositive chimpanzee indigenous to the tropical western Africa ( Gabon ) Methods: HTLV-I ELISA positive chimpanzee plasma samples were further tested by WB assays using the most advanced HTLV BLOT 2.4 kit (Genelabs Diagnostics,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Tu.A.163)
Baroja ML, Leon-Ponte M, Noya O, Bianco NE, Echeverria de Perez G; Institutes of Immunology, Miami, FL. Fax: 582-672-0371.
Objective: To analyze Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) responses in a group of HTLV-II-infected Venezuelan Amerindians. Methods: Ten (10) HTLV-II-infected and 12 uninfected Guahibo Amerindians (controls) were studied. Fresh PBMC were isolated and cultured in either medium, PHA or IL-2 . Lympho
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Tu.A.164)
Biglione M, Biglione J, Weisburd G, Avila M, Libonatti O, Arbulu M, Gessain A; National Center of Reference for AIDS, Microbiology Department, Fac. Medicine, UBA-Infectious Diseases Service, Hosp. Carrasco, Rosario, Argentina.
Introduction: Very few isolation of HTLV-11 virus were reported in the world that same as the HTLV-1 in drugs users and aborigines. Molecular studies allow to classify 2 types: the A(HTLV-11-MO) and the B(HTLV-11-NRA and G12). Previous studies demonstrated the presence of the HTLV-11 B in tobas and matacos of the Argen
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Tu.A.165)
Vallejo A, Ferrante P, Soriano V, Calabro ML, Mancuso M, Heredia A, Mannella E, Garcia-Saiz A, Gonzalez-Lahoz J, Hewlett IK; FDA/CBER, Rockville, MD, USA.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) has been subtyped into two major groups, IIa and IIb, according to molecular studies involving env gene sequencing. Subsequently, this retrovirus was further subclassified by examining the long terminal repeat (LTR), the most divergent genomic region. Sequence analysis
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Tu.A.260)
Tanaka M, Mimoto T, Anderson B, Gulnik S, Bhat TN, Yusa K, Hayashi H, Kiso Y, Erickson JW, Mitsuya H; The Experimental Retrovirology Section, Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-402-0709.
Objective: HIV-1 develops in vitro a high degree of resistance to KNI-272, a substrate-based, peptide-mimetic HIV protease inhibitor containing allophenylnorstatine (Apns), by acquiring mutations in the protease-encoding gene. We synthesized various Apns-containing protease inhibitors and identified several compoun
Objective: Having introduced two generations of orally bioavailable, non-peptidic HIV protease inhibitors : U-96988 (in 1993) and U-103017 (in 1994) into phase I clinical trials, the aim was to optimize third-generation non-peptidic inhibitors with good PK property and oral bioavailability, and with significant improve
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Tu.A.262)
Ussery MA, Wood O, Broud D, Bacho M, Kunder S, Papermaster S, Kiso Y, Black P; FDA, Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 301-594-6289. E-mail: USSERY@CDER.FDA.GOV.
Objective: To evaluate the antiviral activity of KNI-272, an HIV-1 protease inhibitor, in vivo. Methods: Female SCID mice (5-7 wk old) received 5X107 adult human PBMC i.p. Two weeks after reconstitution, mice were infected i.p. on day 0 with 103 TCID50 HIV-1 9320 (passed in PBMC, AZT-sensitive isolate A018, D. Richman)
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Tu.A.263)
Black PL, Wood O, Broud D, Bacho M, Kunder S, Papermaster S, Lambert D, Barney S, Ussery M; FDA, Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 301-594-6289. E-mail: BLACKP@CDER.FDA.GOV.
Objective: To determine the antiviral efficacy of T-20, a novel inhibitor of HIV-1 fusion, in vivo. Methods: Female SCID mice (5-7 wk old) received 5X107 adult human PBMC i.p. Two weeks after reconstitution, mice were infected i.p. on day 0 with 103 TCID50 HIV-1 9320 (passed in PBMC, AZT-sensitive isolate A018, D. Rich
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Tu.A.264)
Robinson WE, Chow SA, Reinecke MG; Dept. of Pathology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA. Fax: (714) 824-2505. E-mail: ewrobins@uci.edu.
Objective: To identify new anti-HIV agents with activity against integrase. Methods: Dicaffeoylquinic acids were purified from plants or analogues were synthesized from simple starting materials. The compounds were tested for inhibition of recombinant HIV-1 integrase purified from Escherichia coli using a simple oligon
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Tu.A.265)
Mamtora G, Winters M, Drenkow J, Shafer R, Shen N, Tran H, Merigan T, Gingeras T; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA. Fax: 408-481-0422.
Objective: To correlate the nucleotide sequence of 22 HIV-1 genomes from ACTG 143 plasma samples obtained by high density oligonucleotide arrays (HIV-1 GeneChip assay) with conventional dideoxynucleotide sequencing results. Methods: A total of 0.2 ml of plasma from each patient was extracted for total nucleic acid usin
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Tu.A.270)
Gottlieb AA, Sizemore R, Kern C, Gottlieb M; Tulane University School of Medicine, Dept. Microbiology & Immunology, New Orleans, LA, USA. Fax:(504) 588-5144. E-mail: agottli@tmcpop.tmc.tulane.edu.
Objective: The morbidity and mortality of HIV disease results from a complex immune dysfunctional state. Agents capable of regulating human cell-mediated immunity (CMI) represent important initiatives for therapeutic intervention. Here we determine whether a second immunomodulator, IMREG-2, recoverable from dialysable
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Tu.A.271)
St Louis DC, Levine B, Mosca J, Riley J, Carroll R, Lin JT, Vahey M, Jagodzinski L, Wagner K, Mayers D, Burke D, Weislow O, June C, Henry M; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 301-762-7460. E-mail: dstlouis@pasteur.hjf.org.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is associated with a progressive decline in CD4+ lymphocytes. Because stimulation of CD4+ lymphocytes leads to activation of HIV-1 replication, viral spread and cell death, adoptive CD4+ cell therapeutic strategies have not been possible. We report here that CD28 re
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Tu.A.272)
Husain SR, Obiri N, Gill P, Pastan I, Debinski W, Puri RK; Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-827-0449. E-mail: Husain@Al.CBER.FDA.GOV.
Objectives: To identify novel target on AIDS-Kaposi s sarcoma-derived (AIDS-KS) cells and to determine if these cells are suitable target for a novel recombinant chimeric protein composed of interleukin-13 (IL-13) and truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL 13-PE38QQR). Methods: The expression of IL-13 receptor (IL-13R) on
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Tu.A.273)
Leandersson AC, Bratt G, Fredriksson M, Gilljam G, Hinkula J, Nordlund S, Sandstrom E, Wahren B; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Dept. Of Virology, Stockholm, Sweden. Fax: 46-8-7351080.
Objective: To study the specific T-cell responses in HIV-1 infected individuals immunized with rgp 160 formulated in AlPO4 as an adjuvant. HIV-1-infected individuals have a very low or absent T-cell response to HIV and other antigens. Methods: The phase I/II study includes 40 patients with initial CD4+ T-cell counts ab
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Tu.A.274)
Tsoukas CM, Raboud J, Schlech W, Thomas R, Fong I, Rachlis A, Gill J, Montaner J, Lee S, Freedman J, Poon MC, Lafreniere R, Cassol S, Djurdjev O, Smith G; The Canadian HIV Trials Network, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-937-1424.
Objective: To describe the effect of recombinant HIV envelope precursor protein VaxSyn (rgp 160) on the course of HIV disease during a three year controlled study of HIV-infected asymptomatic individuals. Methods: 280 patients with CD4 counts greater than 500 cells/mm3 were enrolled in a double blinded, randomised, con
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Tu.A.275)
Birx DL, Davis C, Ruiz N, Tamont E, Tacket C, Poretz D, Yangco B, Henry D, Pierce PF, Kerkering T, Gordin F, Thompson M, Luskin-Hawk R, Yarrish R, Holloway W, Deyton L, Robb M, Sitz K, Kim J, Loomis-Price L, Kim S, Michael N, Burke DS, Redfield RR; WRAIR, Rockville MD, USA. Fax: 301-762-4177. E-mail: dbirx@hiv.hjf.org.
The Department of Defense (DoD), collaborating with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and private infectious disease physicians, began a phase II, randomized double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-center study of recombinant gp 160, formulated by MicroGeneSys, Inc., in 1990. Objectives: The objectives of the stu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Tu.A.280)
Autran B, Gomard E, Riviere Y, Agut H, Bouley JM, Katlama C; The Immunologie Cellulaire, CERVI, URA CNRS, Paris, France. Fax: (331) 42 17 74 90.
Objectives: to evaluate the precursor and memory CTLs directed against conserved epitopes from HIV-1, their evolution with disease progression, in relationship to immune, virological and clinical parameters. Methods: 138 HIV-1 infected stage II-III patients with CD4 counts greater than 400 (group A:67 pts), 200-400 (gr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Tu.A.281)
Klein MR, Pontesilli O, Holwerda AM, Kerkhof-Garde SR, de Wolf F, Miedema F; Dept. of Clin. Viro-Immunology, Central Lab. Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service and Lab. For Exp. and Clin. Immunol. of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fax: +31 20 512 3310. E-mail: a306clbl@horus.sara.nl.
Objective: Previously we reported on kinetics of Gag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) (Klein et al. 1995, J.Exp.Med. 181:1365). Here we extend our findings by longitudinal studies on Gag-, Nef-, RT- and Env-specific responses and viral load in long-term survivors and in rapid progressors to AIDS. Methods: HIV-1 sp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Tu.A.282)
Haas G, Hosmalin A, Duntze J, Samri A, Magierowska M, Katlama C, Kraas W, Jung G, Agut H, Debre P, Autran B; Laboratoire d'lmmunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Paris, France. Fax: (33 1) 42 17 74 90. E-mail: ghaas@ccr.jussieu.fr.
Objective: To determine whether CTL recognition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is maintained with disease progression and influenced by naturally occurring and anti-retroviral induced viral mutations Methods: The evolution of HIV-specific CTL responses was followed-up over three years in a cohort of 50 patients (C
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Tu.A.283)
Mann DL, Kaslow R, Goedert JJ, Nelson G; National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD. Fax: 301-846-1909.
Objective: To elicit potential immunologic mechanisms that might account for the associations of different HLA alleles with rapid or slow HIV-1 disease progression. Methods: One hundred thirty nine gay men with known seroconversion dates and followed for greater than 10 years were typed for HLA class I alleles and spec
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Tu.A.284)
Bollinger RC, Siliciano RF, Lubaki N, Dhruva B, Ray S; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. Fax: 410-955-7889. E-mail: RCB@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu.
Rationale: Assays of HIV-1 env-specific, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity typically measure responses directed against standard laboratory strains of HIV-1, such as IIIB or MN. Most candidate HIV vaccines are also based on the same strains. Given that a single amino acid change can abrogate CTL recognition and the
Objectives: To determine how HIV-infected individuals select their CTL epitopes according to their HLA phenotype. Methods: Three HIV-positive HLA-All individuals were tested for their lytic activity against four HIV epitopes restricted by HLA-All. Two epitopes are derived from the NEF protein (aa73-82, 84-92) and the t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:224 (abstract no. Tu.A.370)
Soto-Ramirez LE, Renjifo B, Marlink R, McLane MF, Essex M; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: (617) 739-8348.
HIV-1 subtype B predominates in the AIDS cases of the US and Europe in infections transmitted through homosexual contact or intravenous drug injection. Conversely the heterosexual AIDS epidemics of Africa and Asia are associated with non-B subtypes. HIV-1 infection with E subtype in Thailand and C in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:224 (abstract no. Tu.A.371)
Saragosti S, Loussert-Ajaka I, Mauclere P, Descamps D, Bouchaud O, Simon F, Brun-Vezinet F; I.C.G.M, Institut Fournier, Paris, France. Fax: 33-1-45.89.74.05. E-mail: sentob@citi2.fr.
Objective: To characterize the genotype and the phenotype of group O viruses isolated from patients living in France and in Cameroon . Methods: Strains isolated by coculture on PBMC were studied. DNA was amplified using group O specific primers for the gag and C2V3 env regions and sequenced (Applied 373A sequencer).
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:224 (abstract no. Tu.A.372)
Takehisa J, Zekeng L, Miura T, Ido E, Yamashita M, Mboudjeka I, Gurtler LG, Hayami M, Kaptue L; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. Fax: 81-75-761-9335. E-mail: juntak@virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Objective: To clarify the molecular epidemiology of HIV in Cameroon and to assess the incidence of mixed-infection and recombination. Methods: Forty eight HIV (47 HIV-1, one HIV-2) were obtained from Cameroonian AC, ARC and AIDS patients in 1994 and 1995. Part of the pol region suitable for comparing all the groups of
Objectives: To establish the prevalence of the different HIV-1 subtypes in Argentina , and to correlate it with the risk group, time of infection, sex, age and clinical status. Materials and methods: 45 HIV-1 infected patients, with known age, sex, risk group and clinical status, were included. in this study. From bloo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:224 (abstract no. Tu.A.374)
Gadkari DA, Moore D, Sheppard H, Mehendale S, Kulkarni S, Bollinger R; National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India. Fax: 212-791071. E-mail: root@nar.ernet.in.
Objective: To identify HIV-1 subtypes in samples collected from HIV-1 seropositive and seroconverter patients attending the STD clinics in Pune, India . Methods: Blood samples collected from 46 HIV-1-infected individuals attending two STD clinics in Pune, India. Of these patients, 26 were seropositive at presentation a
Objective: To determine the genetic heterogeneity of HIV-1 strains in Thailand using a larger sample with greater geographic diversity than in previous molecular epidemiologic studies. Methods: A convenience sample was made of 215 asymptomatic HIV+persons consisting of 64 injecting drug users [IDU] and 151 with sexual
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Tu.A.380)
Guntermann C, Nye KE; Department of Immunology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 0171 606 0845. E-mail: c.guntermann@mds.qmw.ac.uk.
Objective: To investigate, in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), the effect of early HIV-1 infection on signal transduction events with respect to CD4 mediated co-stimulation of the CD3/T cell receptor (TcR) complex. Methods: PBLs were co-cultured with cell free isolates of HIV-1 (IIIb and RF) and with plasma from HI
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Tu.A.381)
Lewis DE, Rahmati S, Yang L, Lloyd T, Bennett T, Ng Tang D, Schober W; Immunology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Fax: (713) 798-7949.
Objective: To examine mechanisms responsible for phenotypic and functional abnormalities of CD8+ T-cells associated with HIV progression. Methods: Phenotypic analyses were done using three color flow cytometry. Functional studies were performed by proliferative and cytokine assays. Results: Functional abnormalities of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Tu.A.382)
Lempicki RA, Pavlick MV, Donoghue DT, Lowry RP, Lane HC; NIH, NIAID, Rockville, MD, USA.
Objectives: The peripheral blood of HIV-infected individuals accumulates a subpopulation of CD8+ T-cells that are HLA-DR+ and CD38+. During intermittent IL-2 therapy this subpopulation of cells disappears. The purpose of the present study was to attempt to better characterize the various CD8+ subpopulations that accumu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Tu.A.383)
Kumar A, Creery WD, Cameron W, Diaz-Mitoma F, Filion LG; Division of Virology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-738-4819. E-mail: akumar@Labsun1.med.uottawa.ca.
Objective: To study the alterations in the signals delivered by the co-stimulatory molecule CD28 in CD4+ T cells and B7 receptors in monocytes/macrophages, and its association with constitutively expressed immunoregulatory cytokines IL-10 in HIV infection. Methods: The expression of CD28 on CD4+ and CD8+T cells and B7-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Tu.A.384)
Roos MT, Miedema F, Dekker L, Hooibrink B, de Leeuw NA, Lange JM, Coutinho RA, Schellekens P; Clin. Viro-Immunol., Central Lab. Neth. Red Cross Blood Transf. Serv. and Lab. for Exp. & Clin. Immunol. of the Univ. of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: + 31 20 512 3310.
Objective and methods: In 219 HIV+ men of the Amsterdam cohort CD4+ T cell counts, expression of CD28 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and T cell responses to CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with or without CD28 costimulation were analyzed as parameters for disease progression within 4 years. In an additional study in the abov
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Tu.A.385)
Fowke KR, D'Aimicom R, Chernoff DN, Pottage J, Bensen C, Sha B, Kessler HA, Landay AL, Shearer GM; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: (301)402-3643.
Objective: Evaluation of the effects of influenza vaccination of HIV-1-infected patients on HIV associated immunologic and virologic parameters. Methods: Forty-six persons (36 HIV-infected, 10 uninfected controls) were given influenza vaccine while on stable combination therapy . Blood was collected at the time of v
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Tu.A.390)
Mackewicz CE, Barker E, Orque R, Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 476-8365.
Objective: To determine if the CD8+ cell antiviral factor (CAF) produced by CD8+ cells from HIV-infected individuals is a known cytokine. Methods: Levels of the chemokines, RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and MCP-1 were measured by ELISA in CD8+ cell culture fluids that either suppressed (CAF-positive) or had no effect
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Tu.A.391)
Rubbert A, Weissman D, Daucher J, Pettrone K, Barker T, Combadiere C, Murphy PM, Fauci AS; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Objective: To analyze the effect of beta-chemokines in suppressing HIV replication in standard T cell blast and dendritic cell-T cell coculture systems. Methods: Dendritic cells (DC) are capable of activating CD4+ T cells in the absence of mitogen. In one system, we employed DC and CD4 cells from HIV-uninfected donors
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Tu.A.392)
Poli G, Biswas P, Delfanti F, Sozzani S, Alfano M, Moretti GL, Lazzarin A, Mantovani A, Vicenzi E; San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Fax: 39-2-2643.7989.
Objective: To evaluate the role of chemokines on HIV replication in primary cultures of infected individuals. Methods: Chemokine concentrations were determined during HIV isolation from either total PBMC or CD8-depleted PBMC of long term non progressors (LTNP). CD8-depleted PBMC cultures from other HIV-infected individ
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Tu.A.393)
Scala E, Aiuti F, Rosso R, D'Offizi GP, Ferrara R, Paganelli R; Dept. of Clinical Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome Italy. Fax: +39-644-54621.
Objective: The recent description of RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta (C-C chemokines) as the constituents of the HIV-suppressive factor produced by CD8+ lymphocytes of HIV-infected individuals prompted our study of their production by T cell lines (TCL) and clones derived from normal and HIV+ subjects at different dis
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Tu.A.394)
Garzino-Demo A, Gallo RC, DeVico AL, Cocchi F, Lusso P, Arya SK; Institute of Human Virology, MBC, UMBI, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: (410) 706-8184.
Objectives: The C-C chemokines RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta were identified as the major HIV suppressive factors released by CD8+ T lymphocytes. To understand the mechanism of action and specifically to explore the possibility that such suppressive factors may inhibit HIV RNA transcription, the effect of these chem
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Tu.A.395)
Copeland KF, Leith J, Kelleher L, Smaill F, Rosenthal KL; Dept. of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario. Fax: (905) 521-2613.
Objectives: CD8+ T lymphocytes of HIV-1 infected individuals efficiently suppress HIV-1 replication in CD4+ Tcells and this suppression has been shown to correlate with high CD4+ T cell counts and lack of disease progression. This study examines the transcriptional control of HIV-1 LTR-mediated expression by CD8+ T cel
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Tu.A.490)
Trono D; The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA. Fax: 619-534-7760. E-mail: didier_trono@qm.salk.edu.
The HIV-1 Nef protein is crucial for high level viral replication in vivo and for AIDS pathogenesis. In vitro, Nef has been shown i) to downregulate the cell surface expression of CD4 and, to a lesser extent, of MHC-1, ii) to stimulate proviral DNA synthesis, thereby enhancing viral replication, and iii) to alter cellu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Tu.A.491)
Wainberg M, Li X, Kleiman L, Parniak MA; McGill University AIDS Centre-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada. Fax: 514-340-7537.
Objective: To determine the physiological relevance of NCp and the A-rich loop in reverse transcription. Methods: Reactions were performed using recombinant HIV RT in the presence of NCp. Results: In the presence of tRNALys.3, NCp7 was found to stimulate synthesis of minus-strand strong-stop DNA [(-) ss DNA], consisten
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Tu.A.492)
Koromilas A, Nagai K, DeLuca C, Li S, Wong A, Cuddihy A, Tam N, Hiscott J; Lady Davis Institute, McGill Uiversity, Montreal, Canada. Fax: 514-340-7576. E-mail: mijh@musica.mcgill.ca.
Objectives: Replication of HIV-1 is inhibited by interferons (IFNs), and the IFN-induced, double stranded RNA dependent seine/threonine protein kinase (PKR) is thought to mediate this event by modulating protein synthesis. The objective of the present study was to examine the role of PKR in HIV-1 replication and in mod
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Tu.A.495)
Cohen EA, Lodge R, Lalonde JP, Lemay G; Department de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-343-5995.
Budding of retroviruses from infected cells takes place specifically at the basolateral membrane surface of polarized epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK). This sorting event is suspected to require a specific signal harbored by the viral glycoprotein envelope and we previously showed that, as for most bas
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Tu.A.501)
Poli G, Ghezzi S, Alfano M, Vicenzi E; San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Fax: 39-2-2643-7989.
Objective: To identify the mechanism of action of RANTES as an anti-HIV chemokine. Methods: T cell blasts from uninfected individuals were infected with eight primary HIV isolates in the presence or absence of RANTES (100ng/ml), and the cultures were monitored for the production of RT activity of p24 Ag production. MT-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Tu.A.503)
Levy JA, Mackewicz C, Barker E, Stranford S; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-476-8365. E-mail: j.levy@itsa.ucsf.edu.
The alpha and beta chemokines have been shown to block replication of certain strains of HIV in peripheral blood CD4+ cells and established cell lines. However, the concentration of these products required for efficient suppression of virus is above the range normally found endogenously produced by CD8+ cells. Moreover
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Tu.A.510)
Fultz PN, Wei Q, Yue L, Barre-Sinoussi F, Girard M; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Objective: To determine whether recombination between two HIV-1 strains from different clades occurs in vivo after superinfection of chimpanzees. Methods: Chimpanzees infected for more than 1 year with HIV-1LAI(IIIB) were inoculated IV with a subtype (clade) E strain, CAR/E4002. Proviral DNA was isolated from PBMC and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Tu.A.511)
Salminen MO, Robertson DL, Sharp PM, Hahn BH, Burke DS, McCutchan FE; H.M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 301-762-7460. E-mail: msalminen@hiv.hjf.org.
Introduction: Recombination between two genetic subtypes of HIV-1 can occur, and clades A through H are known to have participated in these genetic exchanges. Recombinant forms are thought to result from double infections and homologous RNA recombination between the infecting strains, but it has not yet been establishe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Tu.A.512)
Lu W, Andrieu JM; Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Tumeurs, Paris, France. Fax: 33 (1) 4439-6465.
Objective: To depict the relationship between the variation in length of the first hypervariable region (V1) of HIV env gene and isolate-specific neutralizating antibody response along the course of the infection. Methods and Results: A viro-immunological study was conducted on four HIV-1 infected individuals and one H
Objective: To study the presence of complete and defective HIV genome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from people with progressive and nonprogressive HIV infection. In spite of enormous variability of HIV genome, occurence of extensive deletions or other alterations in HIV DNA in vivo is poorly documented.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:229 (abstract no. Tu.B.110)
Huang L, Hecht FM, Gruden JF, Kearns K, Turner J, Stansell JD, Hopewell PC; San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-695-1551. E-mail: LHUANG@ITSA.UCSF.EDU.
Background/Objectives: PCP remains the most frequent AIDS-defining opportunistic infection in the U.S. Definitive diagnostic tests are expensive and, in the case of bronchoscopy, invasive. Selection of appropriate patients for diagnostic testing relies on clinician experience in evaluating clinical variables. This stud
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:229 (abstract no. Tu.B.111)
Curtis JR, Horner RD, Bennett CL; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Fax: (206) 731-8584.
Objectives: Two small studies have reported that no patients survived after 2 weeks in an intensive care unit (ICU) for PCP , suggesting that ICU care should be withdrawn after 2 weeks. The goal of this study is to examine the association between length of stay in an ICU and survival to hospital discharge for patients
Objective: To determine quality of life (QOL) outcomes in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial of oral trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TS), dapsone-trimethoprim (DT), and clindamycin-primaquine (CP) for treatment of mild-to-moderate Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) in patients with AIDS. Methods: Subjects
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:229 (abstract no. Tu.B.113)
Flepp M, Ledergerber B, Schenker C, Egger M, Gebhardt M, Luthy R; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: 255 44 99.
Objective: To examine characteristics of patients diagnosed with PcP as first clinical AIDS indicator disease in Switzerland 1993 and 1994. Methods: Identification of cases in the SHCS database supplemented with a retrospective chart review. Criteria defined as indication for primary prophylaxis (PP): CD4+ cell count l
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Tu.B.114)
Duchin JS, Sohlberg B, Buskin S, Hopkins S, Simon P; Seattle-King County Dept. of Health, Seattle, WA. Fax: (206) 296-4803. E-mail: jsd@wonder.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) is the leading serious opportunistic infection (OI) among persons with HIV. The importance of delayed diagnosis of HIV and lack of PCP prophylaxis as risk factors for PCP are poorly defined. We studied the timing of HIV diagnosis and use of PCP prophylaxis as risks for
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Tu.B.115)
Atzori C, Agostoni F, Zambelli A, Cargnel A; II Divisione Mal Infettive-Osp L. Sacco, Milano, Italy. Fax: 0039-2-38200909.
Objective: To demonstrate the presence of P. carinii DNA in blood (serum and PBMC) and oropharyngeal samples of AIDS pts during acute episodes of PCP by ITSs nested PCR. Subjects and methods: Sterile saline garglings and serial blood samples from 28 AIDS pts with PCP (BAL positive for P. carinii) have been examined by
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Tu.B.116)
Hughes WT, Killmar J; Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. Fax: (901) 527-6616.
Objective: To determine and compare the prophylactic efficacies of intermittent doses of ATQ and TMP-SMZ for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were immunosuppressed with dexamethasone x 6 weeks to provoke PCP . Groups of 10 or 11 rats received no drug (control) ATQ 100 mg/kg or TMP-SMZ 50/2
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Tu.B.170)
Feldman MD, Zhang J, Tabor H, Cummings SR, Coates T; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), San Francisco, CA. Fax: 415-597-9213. E-mail: Mitchell_Feldman@ucsfdgim.ucsf.edu.
Objective: There has been speculation, but little data, about cross-cultural differences in approaches to clinical ethical dilemmas such as truth telling, the role of family s wishes, and assisted suicide, that arise in the care of HIV-infected persons. In particular, there have been no direct comparisons of bioethical
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Tu.B.171)
Hankins C, Lapointe N, Walmsley S; Direction de la sante publique, Montreal, Canada. Fax: 514-932-1502. E-mail: md77@musica.mcgill.ca.
Objectives: To assess prophylactic treatment utilisation and clinical trial participation among women enrolled in a national prospective cohort study. Methods: Information concerning antiretroviral usage, prophylaxis for Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia ( PCP ), participation in clinical trials, and CD4 count was collect
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Tu.B.172)
Kunches LM, DeCristofaro J, DeMaria A, Landers S, Werner B; JSI Research & Training, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: (617) 482-0617. E-mail: laurie_kunches@jsi.com.
Equitable access to HIV clinical trials has been logistically difficult, and most trials have not had appropriate representation of women, IDU s and minority populations. Project: Through a collaborative process involving consumers, scientists and activists, state funding for clinical research was prioritized to
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Tu.B.173)
Sherer R, Cohen M, Pulvirenti J, Weber K, Barker D, Boyer K, Henry-Reid L, Lubin B, Luskin-Hawk R, Weinstein R; HIV Center, Division of ID, CCH, & Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Fax: 312-633-3002. E-mail: rsherer@Hektoen.Org.
Objective: To describe the 1994 & 1995 recruitment & retention (R&R) experience of women and minorities in clinical trials and epidemiologic studies at Cook County Hospital (CCH), Chicago. Methods: We reviewed 1994&5 patient contact, accrual, and retention data for the following research studies at CCH:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Tu.B.174)
Doob PR, Johnson KM, St Cyr J, MacFadden DK; York University, North York, ON, Canada. Fax: 416-465-2695. E-mail: prdoob@YorkU.Ca.
Objective: To examine potential hard endpoints for change in HIV-related fatigue and their relation to soft health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures. Methods: 15 HIV+ patients with severe fatigue and CD4 counts less than 200 were enrolled in an exploratory open label study of Peptide T (8.5mg/d s.c.). Tests inclu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Tu.B.175)
Parks VE; ACT UP Golden Gate, Women Organized to Respond to Life-Threatening Disease (WORLD), Community Constituency Group of the ACTG, AIDS Clinical Research Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-648-2758.
Issues: Historically, women of childbearing age have been excluded from clinical research. Although HIV has dramatically affected this population, only in the last few years have HIV+ women and activists successfully begun to eliminate gender-based exclusions. Despite these efforts, the percentage of women enrolling in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Tu.B.176)
Neidig JL, Nickel J, Smith B, Brashers D, Para M, Fass R; AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Ohio State University Hospitals, Columbus, OH, USA. Fax: 614-293-5240. E-mail: Neidig.1@osu.edu.
Objective: To determine patterns of self-reported symptoms by persons infected with HIV at various stages of disease. Methods: Data on self-reported symptoms were prospectively collected from research volunteers during screening for clinical trials at an AIDS Clinical Trials Unit. Subjects selected symptoms from a writ
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Tu.B.180)
Jacobson MA, Cohen PT, Liu RC, Wong R, Rich W; San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Objectives: To determine if severity of neutropenia is associated with increased risk of hospitalization for SBI in patients with HIV. Methods: We examined data from 10/1/92-11/30/93, including: 1) demographics of all patients (N=2047) attending the SFGH AIDS clinic, 2) all absolute CD4 and neutrophil counts performed
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:232 (abstract no. Tu.B.181)
Murri R, Pallavicini F, Scoppettuolo G, Pezzotti P, Spanu T, Linzalone A, Cingolani A, Ammassari A, Antinori A; Unversita Cattolica S. Cuore, Roma, Italy. Fax: +39-6-3058512.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of cotrimoxazole versus dapsone-pyrimethamine prophylaxis on the incidence of all bacterial infections and in particular serious infections such as sinusitis, pneumonia and sepsis in a trial of PCP /Toxo prophylaxis performed in HIV-positive patients (pts) with CD4 less than 200/microl
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:232 (abstract no. Tu.B.182)
Kadree MA; Morehouse School of Medicine, SW Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Fax: 404 752 1064.
Objective: To determine whether the use of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole [TMP-SMX] for the prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia [ PCP ] predisposes patients to the development of TMP-SMX pneumococcal disease. Methods: Reports of Pneumococcal isolates recovered from blood cultures of 535 patients at an inner ci
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:232 (abstract no. Tu.B.183)
Kiehl M, Stoll R, Broder M, Heese C, Mueller C, Baecker E, Foerster EC, Domschke W; Dept. of Internal Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany. Fax: +49 (251) 83-7680. E-mail: kiehl@uni-muenster.de.
Objective: To determine the efficacy of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) in preventing infections and reducing days with fever, and duration of hospitalisation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected adults. Design: Prospective, randomised, open outpatient clinical trial. According to the Centres for Disease C
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:232 (abstract no. Tu.B.184)
Lalezari J, Schacker T, Feinberg J, Lee S, Gathe J, Kramer F, Kessler H, Cheung T, Drew WL, McGuire B, Jaffe HS, Safrin S; Mt. Zion Medical Center of UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Fax: 415-476-3622.
Objective: To determine the safety and clinical efficacy of cidofovir topical gel for the treatment of mucocutaneous Herpes simplex lesions clinically unresponsive to acyclovir (ACV) in patients with AIDS. Methods: Patients with AIDS and clinical evidence of mucocutaneous HSV inf
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Tu.B.185)
Hofer M, Opravil M, Joller HI, Grob P; University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: 41-1255-4499. E-mail: opr@uszsira.unizh.ch.
Objective: To evaluate HIV-infected patients with anti-HBc alone as the only serological marker of HBV hepatitis for presence of viral DNA in frozen serum samples and for the time course of their clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: Between 10/89 and 1/94, 68 of 529 participants of the Zurich part of the Swiss
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Tu.B.186)
Hajjeh R, Stephens D, Baughman W, Reingold A, Rothrock G, Hutwagner L, Schuchat A, Pinner R; CDC, DBMD, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-4080. E-mail: rfh5@ciddbdl.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To determine independent risk factors for cryptococcosis (CC) among HIV+ persons. Methods: Cases were identified through population-based active surveillance in Atlanta and San Francisco (SF) during 1992-94. A case was defined by isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from a normally sterile site in an HIV+ pe
Objective: To identify those biological markers predicting progression to AIDS in asymptomatic HIV-infected drug addicts. Methods: Longitudinal study of 171 asymptomatic drug addicts whose HIV infection was diagnosed in 1986-87. Patients were clinically followed annually until January 1996. The following determinations
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Tu.B.191)
Martin MA, Cox PH, Beck CK; UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Fax: (310) 206-3311. E-mail: mmartin@medl.medsch.ucla.edu.
Objective: To determine the relationship between mode of health care system entry (clinic vs. hospital) and time to death for patients (PTs) with AIDS and to determine the time from AIDS defining diagnosis (ADD) and selected AIDS defining illnesses (ADI) to death in an indigent population of AIDS Pts. Methods: A retros
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Tu.B.192)
Sisto A, Cahn P, Santarelli M, Lattner J, Ochoa C, Luccarini M, Ben G; Hospital Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: (541) 983-7774.
Objective: To study natural history of HIV disease in a cohort of seroconverters. Methods: We study a cohort of 256 patients (pts) with known or estimated date of seroconversion (EDS) with a mean follow-up of 14.5 months (mo).EDS was calculated as the midpoint between last HIV (-) and first HIV (+).Patients with more t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Tu.B.193)
Marshall C, Conway B, Allen UD, Forbes J, Lapointe N, Read S, King SM, Craib K, Cassol S, Moore D, Gilmour J, Bortolussi R, Tobin J; Center for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5527. E-mail: cmarshal@hivnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To evaluate and correlate virologic parameters in HIV-infected Canadian children. Methods: A nation-wide study was conducted to explore correlations between plasma viral load, cell-associated viral load, viral phenotype, and ZDV resistance and surrogate and clinical markers of pediatric HIV disease progressi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Tu.B.194)
Pezzotti P, Phillips AN, Dorrucci M, Cozzi LA, Galai N, Vlahov D, Rezza G; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Fax: (39) (6) 445 6741. E-mail: PATRIZIO@ISS.IT.
Objective: To assess whether there are differences in the rate of development of AIDS according to exposure category, and whether the more rapid progression to AIDS for older people holds for each exposure group. Methods: Multicenter (16 major HIV treatment centers across Italy ) longitudinal study of 1199 HIV-seroconv
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Tu.B.195)
Ioanis T, Autran B, Costagliola D, Raffoux C, Charron D, Debre P; Laboratoire Central d' Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Paris, France. Fax: (33 1) 42 17 74 90. E-mail: theodorou@.citi2.fr.
Objective: To determine groups of Antigen Presenting Molecules that favor outcome of HIV infection. Materials and Methods: The LTA cohort contains 32 French patients with a seropositivity duration of more than 8 years, a CD4+ count of more than 600 per mm3 and positive or null slope for the CD4+ for the last three year
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Tu.B.290)
Fauci AS; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Fax: 301-496-4409.
Following primary HIV infection, a state of chronic, persistent infection fueled by cellular activation usually ensues and the expression of virus over time is determined by a number of viral factors as well as by upregulatory and downregulatory host factors. Paramount among these host factors are endogenous cytokines
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Tu.B.291)
Levy JA; Dept. of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-476-8365. E-mail: jalevy@itsa.ucsf.edu.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has shown noteworthy heterogeneity in its ability to infect normal CD4+ cells as well as a variety of human and primate cell lines. HIV diversity is noted in the induction of cytopathic changes in cells, and virus sensitivity to various immune responses including antiviral antibod
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Tu.B.292)
Volberding PA; SFGH, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-476-9233. E-mail: pvolberding@sfaids.ucsf.edu.
AIDS is changing and so must we and our health care system. Increasingly we confront a new world of AIDS characterized by new knowledge, new treatments, new patient populations and at least in the United States , by a new system of health care. As with all changes, those in AIDS bring both risks and opportunities. The
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Tu.B.301)
Cahn P; Hospital Juan A. Fernandez & HUESPED Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 541-983-7774.
Latin America is a wide region with big differences in levels of development, socioeconomic situation and health care services. Some opportunistic infections like PCP show similar incidence as in the developed world, while others like histoplasmosis , tuberculosis , and toxoplasmo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Tu.B.304)
Sirisanthana T; Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Fax: 66-53-217144. E-mail: sirisan@cmu.chiangmai.ac.th.
The relative incidence of various types of opportunistic infection (OI) varies among different geographic locations. In Thailand , the four most common OIs are tuberculosis , cryptococcosis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and penicilliosis (infection caused by an emerging pathogenic fungus, Penicillium marneffei).
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Tu.B.310)
Morgan D, Malamba S, Okongo M, Mayanja B, Maude G, Whitworth J; Medical Research Council Programme on AIDS/Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda. Fax: +256 42 21137. E-mail: mrc@mukla.gn.apc.org.
Objectives: To determine disease progression rates, describe AIDS-defining illnesses and estimate survival times to AIDS and death in HIV-infected individuals according to their initial WHO clinical stage. Methods: 179 HIV-infected persons were recruited from a rural population of approximately 5,000 adults in SW
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Tu.B.311)
Limpakarnjanarat K, Tansuphasawadikul S, Mastro TD, Ittiravivongs A, Kitayaporn D, Tanchanpong C, Kaewkungwal J, Naiwatanakul T, Young N, Mock P, Nieburg P; HIV/AIDS Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Fax: 66-2-591-5443. E-mail: kx18@bangkok.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: To describe and compare clinical presentation of HIV/AIDS patients infected with two distinct HIV-1 subtypes, B and E, at BIH, a public tertiary care center near Bangkok. Methods: All adult (greater than or equal to14 yrs) patients admitted to medical wards at BIH from Dec. 93 to June 95 were offered volunt
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Tu.B.312)
Cheingsong-Popov R, Bobkov A, Lister S, Garaev M, Santos BR, Ariyoshi K, Whittle H, Kaleebu P, Weber J; St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK. Fax: 44 171 725 6787.
Objective: To produce and validate an algorithm for the efficient subtyping of HIV-1 in diverse populations, and to apply the algorithm to study strain variation in incidence, transmission and natural history of HIV-1 subtypes. Methods and Design: Serum from HIV-1 infected subjects from diverse locations were first scr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Tu.B.313)
Marlink R, Traore I, Thior I, Siby T, Ndoye I, Mboup S, Essex M, Kanki P; Labo. Bacteriologie et Virologie, Dakar, Senegal. Fax: (221) 21.64.42.
Objective: To predict the proportion of HIV-2-infected individuals who may be long term non-progressors as compared to HIV-1. Methods: We have clinically followed 143 HIV-2-positive and 105 HIV-1-positive women from 1985 through 1995 in a cohort of registered sex workers in Dakar, Senegal . Examinations, HIV and STD
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Tu.B.314)
Lyons RW, Rubinstien E, Madden GM; St. Francis Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA. Fax: (860) 493-7809.
Objective: To determine the life expectancy (LE), change in LE over time, number of hospital admissions (HA), and the length of stay (LOS) in hospital of HIV/AIDS patients (pts) with CD4 counts of less than 50 cells/mm3. Methods: Data was gathered from a computer registry, updated weekly, of HIV/AIDS pts seen at St. Fr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Tu.B.315)
Markham R, Munoz A, Wang WC, Vlahov D, Yu XF; Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-558-1250.
Objectives: To determine the correlation between CD4 T cell decline over time and increases in viral env sequence vriation. Methods: The study group consisted of 15 subjects from the AIDS Linked to the Intravenous Experience (ALIVE) cohort who were studied over a total of 76 visits. For each visit, a region of the env
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Tu.B.410)
Dunne MW, Havlir D, Dube M, Sattler F, Forthal D, Kemper C, McCutchan A; Pfizer Central Research, Groton, CT, USA.
Animal models have demonstrated synergistic effects of azithromycin and sulfamethoxazole in the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ). In order to determine whether similar effects could be seen in the setting of HIV infection, the incidence of PCP was determined for patients enrolled in a randomized, do
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Tu.B.411)
Schuman P, Vazquez J, Sobel JD, Goldman A, Peng G, Capps L; The Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA), Detroit, MI. Fax: 313-745-8112.
Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of weekly fluconazole (FLU) for the prevention of mucosal candidiasis in women with late HIV infection (CD4 lymphocyte count less than 300/mm3 or CD4% less than 20%). Methods: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial comparing 200 mg/week of FLU with placebo was conducted
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Tu.B.412)
Van Delden C, Gabriel V, Sudre P, Flepp M, von Overbeck J, Hirschel B; Div. of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. Fax: +41 22 372 98 20.
Objective: To study the prevalence and reasons for absence of prophylaxis among AIDS patients diagnosed with Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE). Methods: Retrospective chart review and matched case-control study. Patients: 104 first episodes, and 26 relapses of TE registered in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study from three centers f
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Tu.B.413)
Nahlen BL, Parise ME, Ayisi J, Oloo AJ, Schultz LJ, Steketee RW; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: 254-35-21442. E-mail: (send c/o R. Steketee) at risl @cidhiv 1.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: To assess the effect of HIV-1 on the safety and efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for prevention of placental malaria infection. Methods: Following informed consent, women in 1st and 2nd pregnancies attending antenatal clinics between 16-26 weeks gestation in western Kenya were randomized into
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Tu.B.414)
Beardsell AD, Coker K, Woodfall B, Conway B; St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Fax:(604)631-5675.
Objectives: To determine efficacy, safety and cost effectiveness of a protocol using adjunctive prednisone therapy with TMP-SMX liquid for desensitizing HIV-positive patients previously allergic to TMP-SMX. Methods: A protocol combining high-risk exclusion criteria, increasing doses of TMP-SMX suspension and tapering d
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Tu.B.415)
Freedberg KA, Alpher JL, Seage GR, Losina E, Weinstein MC, Craven DE, Paltiel AD; Boston City Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: (617) 534-4676. E-mail: kfreedbe@acs.bu.edu.
Objectives: To determine the cost-effectiveness of strategies to prevent the major opportunistic infections (OI s) associated with AIDS. Methods: We developed a decision analytic simulation model of advanced HIV disease to project costs, clinical outcomes including primary cases of OI s prevented (1 primary cases preve
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Tu.B.520)
Seaton D, Roy DJ, Ruedy J; Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: 604-734-0355. E-mail: don_seaton@mindlink.bc.ca.
Does the lack of a compassionate release program for a new HIV drug render a randomized controlled trial unethical? Project: The National Ethics Review Committee (NERC) asked if it should withhold approval of a clinical trial on the basis that unrestricted compassionate access (like parallel track) was not offer
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Tu.B.521)
Thorne B, Getty J, Sharp M, Parks V, Mahon D; ACT UP Golden Gate, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-626-9142. E-mail: babykitty@aol.com.
Scientific research is a complicated, lengthy process. Patients with advanced AIDS are offered few options by the research establishment. Fifty thousand late stage AIDS patients die each year. Promising research which could lead to treatments and potentially a cure can be stifled by bureaucracies and fear of the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Tu.B.522)
Hogan CH, Hodges JS, Mugglin A, Peterson PM, Abrams DI, Saravolatz L; Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. Fax: (612) 626-8892. E-mail: carlton@gopher.ccbr.umn.edu.
Objectives: Powerful laboratory assays are increasingly important in AIDS care and research. Measures such as CD4+ lymphocyte counts and HIV viral load (QC-PCR or bDNA) have been used in lieu of clinical outcomes to approve new antiretroviral therapies. Debate continues as to whether treatment-induced changes in these
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:238 (abstract no. Tu.B.523)
Parsons CD, Grubb IR; National Centre in HIV Social Research, La Trobe University Bundoora, Victoria, Australia. Fax: 0011-61-3-941869. E-mail: cdf.parsons@latrobe.edu.au.
There is international concern regarding tensions between the science and ethics of HIV clinical drug trials. It is important to examine whether the interests of science and ethics are incommensurable or whether there are avenues for ameliorating the perceived and actual differences. Project: Unstructured interv
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:238 (abstract no. Tu.B.530)
Reichman LB; New Jersey Medical School National Tuberculosis Center, Newark, NJ, USA.
It has long been known that HIV infection was the most potent facilitator of tuberculosis ever known. This coexistent interaction has led to TB being the most important opportunistic infection associated with HIV, more so because TB even with HIV is almost completely preventable. With the increasing evidence that TB en
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:238 (abstract no. Tu.B.532)
Powderly WG; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. Fax: 314-361-5231. E-mail: wpowderl@imgate.wustl.edu.
Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) has been standard care in HIV therapeutics for almost a decade. It is clear from recent clinical trials that any form of PCP prophylaxis is very effective in patients with higher CD4 counts. As immunodeficiency progresses, systemic prophylaxis is superior to local,
Reportedly the pattern of opportunistic infections (OI) among patients with AIDS in developing countries differs from that in industrialized countries. In most of sub-Saharan Africa PCP is rarely reported. In Thailand PCP is also rarer than in early AIDS cases in the USA and Europe. Other OIs are reported much more fre
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:238 (abstract no. Tu.B.540)
Smith KW, Avis N, Mayer K; New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA, USA. Fax: 617-926-8246. E-mail: kevins%neri@mcimail.com.
Objective: Responsiveness, or sensitivity to change, is an important indicator of the validity of a measurement instrument. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the responsiveness of the Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for Persons with HIV/AIDS (MQOL-HIV). Methods: The MQOL-HIV is a 40-item question
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Tu.B.541)
Bloom F; Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. Fax: 414-765-8823. E-mail: frb@post.its.mcw.edu.
Objective: To understand how a sample of gay men living with HIV infection evaluate and work to preserve or improve the quality of their lives. Methods: Ethnographic observations and in-depth life story interviews were obtained from twenty Anglo-American gay men attending an HIV clinic. A meaning-centered anthropologic
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Tu.B.542)
Testa MA, Lenderking WR, Fischer L, Revicki DA, Collier AC; Phase V Technologies, Inc., Wellesley Hills, MA. Fax: 617-237-4407.
Objective: To determine the drug-related quality-of-life effects (QOL) of saquinavir (SAQ), a protease inhibitor, given in combination with zidovudine (ZDV), and ZDV and zalcitabine ( d
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Tu.B.543)
Hooker M, Newberry A, Nunn A, Babiker A, Burgess A, Catalan J, Green J, Darbyshire J; MRC HIV Clinical Trials Centre, London, UK. Fax: 0171 380 9972/3.
Delta is a large multinational trial with 2,191 previously untreated patients (Delta 1) and 1,117 patients already tolerating AZT (Delta 2) randomised to either AZT monotherapy, or AZT + ddI or AZT + ddC as combi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Tu.C.120)
De Andres R, Perez L, Contreras G; CNBCR, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Fax: (1) 6388206.
Objectives: To determine the risk of HIV transmission following occupational exposures to health care workers (HCWs) in Europe, analize the circumstances related with these exposures, and on side prevention policies adopted in the different countries. Methods: A multicenter prospective study on occupational exposure to
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Tu.C.121)
Robillard P, Roy E, Lugat M; Montreal Direction of Public Health, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (514) 858-5993. E-mail: robillp@ere.umontreal.ca.
Objectives: To improve hospital participation to the Canadian surveillance system for occupationally acquired HIV infection and to expand the system to other blood borne pathogens, a pilot project was held in 14 acute care hospitals of a Canadian province to develop and test an integrated surveillance system for occupa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Tu.C.122)
Michelet C, Besnier F, Arvieux C, Camus C, Cartier F; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Rennes, Rennes, France. Fax: 33 99 28 41 88.
Objectives: To propose a Guideline for the use of post-exposure prophylaxis with AZT in health care workers (HCW) after contact with contaminated body fluids from HIV-infected patients, and to evaluate its efficacy and toxicity. Methods: Prophylactic ZDV therapy after occupational exposure raises many questions.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Tu.C.123)
Ippolito G, De Carli G, Puro V, Petrosillo N; Centro di Riferimento AIDS, Spallanzani Hosp., Rome, Italy. Fax: 39-6-5594224.
Objective: To estimate the risk of infection following an occupational exposure (OE) to HIV and HCV for health care workers (HCWs). Methods: Details of HIV OE were collected since 1/86 from more than 30 hospitals; in 4/90 zidovudine (ZDV) prophylaxis was started, and since 1/92 details of HCV OE were collected. HCWs we
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Tu.C.124)
Tarantola A, Casalino E, Gadjos V, Fleury L, Coutellier A, Bouvet E; Bichat-Claude Bernard and Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospitals, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 40 25 8829.
Objective: To evaluate the frequency and perceived risk of blood and blood-borne pathogens exposure among medical students in a Paris teaching hospital. Method: We carried out a questionnaire survey among the entire medical student population of two major teaching hospitals during their semestrial rotation matching ses
Objectives: To detect blood contamination on dental chair units using luminol test, find out what part is the dirtiest, and discuss the results for HIV prevention. Methods: Sixteen dental chair units were examined randomly on the floor of the Department of Endodontics at Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Tu.C.200)
Klavs I, Kristancic L, Celan LB, Krek J, Krek M, Kastelic Z, Poljak M, Piskur KD; Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Fax: +386 61 323940. E-mail: Irena.Klavs@ivz.sigov.mail.si.
Objectives: We monitor the prevalence of HIV infection in accessible groups at higher risk for HIV infection (patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and injecting drug users) and at lower risk (pregnant women) more representative for general population. Methods: Since 1993 unlinked anonymous HIV seroprevale
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Tu.C.201)
Lyubaeva EV, Pokrovsky VV; Russia AIDS Center, Sokolinoy Gory, Moscow. Fax: (095) 365-4680.
Objective: estimate the ease of condoms purchasing in Moscow. Methods: were explored availability, the time of selling and prices of condoms in 38 drug stores, 17 pharmacy kiosks of subway, 20 commercial kiosks, 5 supermarkets, 22 kiosks in Moscow hotels in November 1995. Results: established, that condoms were sold in
Republic of Belarus is situated in the centre of Europe and taking into account crossing of all the most important communication routes between the East and the West. It was one of the first in the former Soviet Union to face in 1987 the problem of HIV-infection - al first there were foreign citizens on different occas
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Tu.C.203)
Apetrel C, Duca M; Virus Laboratory, Univ. of Medicine, Iasi, Romania. Fax: 00 40 32 140715.
BACKGROUND: The HIV1 infection epidemic in Romanian of nursed, horizontally infected children reached the sixth year of evolution. The present data reveals that nowadays, almost 55% of European AIDS paediatric patients were reported from Romania. Objective: To reveal the main characteristics of this unique epidemic in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Tu.C.204)
Kobyshcha Y, Shcherbinskaya A, Khodakevich L, Andrushchak L, Kruglov Y; National AIDS Centre, Kiev, Ukraine. Fax: 380-44-244-38-11. E-mail: kobisha@pnaids.freenet.kiev.ua.
Injecting drug users have become the most vulnerable to HIV high risk group of population in Ukraine . Project: Results of a special investigation on the current HIV situation among IDUs in Ukraine are presented. Results: A radical change of the HIV situation in Ukraine has been observed during 1995. More than 7
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Tu.C.205)
Gromyko A; WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. Fax: 45-39-17-18-75 or 45-39-17-18-18. E-mail: agr@who.dk.
The first cases of AIDS in the eastern part of Europe appeared mostly in 1986-87, i.e. several years later than in the countries of the western part of Europe. It was a common understanding at that time that the disease would start to proceed with the same pace as in the other countries of Western Europe. However, the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Tu.C.210)
Kolker L; Duth Foundation for STD Control, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Now that the general public is well aware of the importance of HIV/STD prevention, it is crucial that national policy is established whereby mass-media and more individually targeted prevention activities complement and support each other. The points of departure are prevention which influences behaviour and the
ISSUE: Gulu is a rural district in Uganda and HIV/AIDS is very much associated with immorality. Many people suffer from agony of uncertanity because they fear finding out their sero status. It s yet a bigger problem when one tests HIV+. The immediate feelings are lone-liness, self pity, what will be the public opinion?
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:242 (abstract no. Tu.C.212)
Katz D, Gerber R, Williams K, Dutcher G; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
When important treatment information needs to be widely disseminated by the various components of the U.S. Federal government, such as the trial results from ACTG 076 (the trial which confirmed that the use of AZT during pregnancy reduces perinatal HIV transmission), a centralized reference service enables this
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:242 (abstract no. Tu.C.213)
Puro V, Ippolito G, Aloisi MS, Antonucci G, De Carli G, D'Ubaldo C, Girardi E, Orchi N, Petrosillo N, Sampaolesi A, Zaniratti S; Centro di Riferimento AIDS-Osp. L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39-6-5594224.
Objective: To describe the characteristics of women found to be HIV-infected (HIV+) during pregnancy or at delivery. Method: Case reports from unselected consecutive 1) 3158 women (W) seeking HIV testing for pregnancy at the major counseling and testing site in Rome Italy , (1985-95); 2) 14736 parturients (P) admitted
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:242 (abstract no. Tu.C.214)
Svoboda T, Trojan O; Centre for Prevention of HIV/AIDS and STDs, Prague, Czech Republic. Fax: +42-2-432172. E-mail: trojan@bsdi.infima.cz.
Internet as a well reachable source can be used both for prevention and information programs. Project: The project came up after the demand from various governmental, nongovernmental and teaching organizations which have to solve problems with accurate information flow regarding issue of drug abuse and HIV/STD p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:242 (abstract no. Tu.C.215)
Khaparde SD; Family Welfare Training & Research Centre, Bombay, India. Fax: (91) 22-3862736.
Adolescent boys and girls in the urban slums are high-risk group for HIV/AIDS, but do not access the AIDS prevention education programme as these groups dis-continue their schools. Project: To develop HIV/AIDS prevention education programme for the adolescent boys and girls of the socio-economically under-privil
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Tu.C.220)
Brigido LF, Rossini M, Santos I, Camargo R, Caseiro M, Nunes D, Duarte AJ; Adolfo Lutz Institute, Retrovirus Laboratory, Brasilia, Brazil. Fax: 55-61-315.2519.
Objective: To study subtype transmissibility by accessing the relative prevalence of HIV subtypes in sexual partners of IDU as compared to other subpopulations of the same geographical area. Methods: Samples from 112 HIV-infected individuals living in the capital of Sao Paulo capital and neighboring cities were amplifi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Tu.C.221)
Takebe Y, Kusagawa S, Sato H, Watanabe S, Nohtomi K, Thwe M, Ow KY, Lwin S, San K, Kywe B, Hien NG, Thang BD, Long HT, Yamazaki S; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: (81)-3-5285-1177.
Objectives: To determine the molecular epidemiology of the HIV spread in southeast Asian countries, including Myanmar and Vietnam . Methods: Blood specimens were collected in 1994-1995 from seropositive persons of various risk groups in Myanmar and southern Vietnam. HIV-1 env gene C2/V3 regions from PBMCs were amplifie
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Tu.C.222)
Smolskaya T, Leinikki P, Albert J, Korovina G, Vlasov N, Novicova V; St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia. Fax: (812) 232-9217.
Objective: To describe current epidemiological status of HIV/AIDS epidemic in North-Western Region of Russia . To investigate HIV-1 subtypes circulating in Russia for additional epidemiological information about spread and origin of HIV- infections. Methods: We analyzed the results of the epidemiological surveillance w
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Tu.C.223)
Zhong P, Fransen K, Zhu W, Duan JL, Liu GZ, Heyndrickx L, Nkengason JN, Leonaers A, Lu QG, Ji WM, van der Groen G, Gou SQ; Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai, P.R. China. Fax: 86- 21 - 62801807.
Objective: To identify serologically and genetically the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) prevailing in blood donors from a blood donor station in China . Methods: 356 pooled plasma, initially screened in 2136 individual blood donors with a locally made HIV-1/2 ELISA in a blood donor station in Henan provinc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Tu.C.224)
Rayfield MA, Biryahwaho B, Hu D, Baggs J, Luo CC, Downing R, Carr L, Dela Torre N, Candal D, Otten RA, George JR, Schochetman G, Dondero TJ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA. Fax: (404) 639-1010. E-mail: marl @ciddas1.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives/Methods: To determine the prevalence and distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Uganda , we obtained leftover blood from hospitals and clinics from five districts in Uganda. Unlinked samples without personal identifiers were tested for HIV-1/2. Positive samples were further characterized using subtype specific pe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Tu.C.225)
Abebe A, Rinke de Wit T, Messele T, Sahlu T, Yeneneh H, Fontanet A, Goudsmit J, De Wolf F; Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Fax: 251-1-752533.
Objective: To determine the predominant HIV-I subtypes circulating in high risk populations of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia . Materials and Methods: 288 serum samples collected in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, between 1989-1995 from HIV-1 infected Ethiopians were analyzed by peptide ELISA. Samples were obtained from three different
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Tu.C.320)
Archibald CP, Ofner M, Patrick DM, Strathdee SA, Eades G, Sutherland D, Rekart ML, Schechter MT, O'Shaughnessy MV; Bureau of HIV/AIDS and STD, Ottawa, Canada. Fax: 613-954-5414. E-mail: carchiba@hpb.hwc.ca.
Objective: To identify factors associated with frequent needle exchange program (NEP) attendance by injection drug users (IDUs) in Vancouver, Canada . Methods: Data were derived from a case-control study of risk factors for HIV infection. Cases (n=89) were IDUs with a documented new HIV+ test after 1/1/94 and a documen
Objectives: We have implemented a surveillance network of HIV infection in 7 needle exchange programs (NEP) in the province of Quebec to characterize HIV infections among injection drug users (IDU). Methods: IDU, who had injected in the last 6 months, completed a questionnaire on socio-demographic information and risk
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Tu.C.322)
Des Jarlais DC, Hagan H, Paone D, Friedman SR; Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-387-3897. E-mail: dcdesjarlais@e.world.com.
Objective: HIV incidence among participants has typically been considered the gold standard for evaluating HIV prevention programs. Methods: We analyzed data from 15 different geographic areas in which HIV incidence was either directly measured among syringe exchange (SE) participants or could be estimated from trends
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Tu.C.323)
Bruneau J, Franco E, Lamothe F, Lachance N, Desy M, Soto J, Vincelette J; Hopital Saint-Luc, Montreal, P.Q. Canada. Fax: (514) 281-2181. E-mail: bruneauj@ere.umontreal.ca.
Objective: To study the association between Needle Exchange Program (NEP) attendance and risk of HIV infection. Methods: Recent intravenous drug users (IDUs) were recruited in a prospective cohort, to evaluate prevalence and incidence of serologically assessed HIV infection and change in risk behaviours over time. The
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:245 (abstract no. Tu.C.324)
Lurie P, Drucker E; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415)597-9213. E-mail: peter_lurie@quickmail.ucsf.edu.
Objectives: 1. To estimate the number of HIV infections among injection drug users (IDUs), their sex partners and their offspring that would have been prevented had the U.S. implemented needle exchange programs (NEPs) at the same rate as Australia . 2. To estimate the cost to the U.S. health care system of treating the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:245 (abstract no. Tu.C.330)
Ekstrand ML, Siegel D, Nido V, Faigeles B, Cummings G, Battle R, Krasnovsky F, Chiment E, Coates T; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-597-9213. E-mail: Maria_Ekstrand@quickmail.ucsf.edu.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of a peer-led HIV prevention program on the initiation of sexual activity among 199 7th grade urban African-American, Latino, and White junior high school students. Methods: Thirty-seven 9th grade peer educators were enrolled in a one semester class in peer helping. Students in the in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:245 (abstract no. Tu.C.331)
Kauffman CK, Hue L, Widdus D, Randolph S, Fee N; American Red Cross, Health & Safety Services, Falls Church, VA, USA. Fax: (703) 206-7765. E-mail: Kauffman@USA.RedCross.Org.
Lessons learned from partnerships between non-government organizations from developed and developing countries in building sustainable HIV/STD programs need to be explored and built upon. Project: An island-wide training system in support of a youth peer HIV/STD Prevention program was developed in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:245 (abstract no. Tu.C.332)
Chen J, Ye G; Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Beijing Medical University, Beijing, China. Fax: 86-10-2015584.
Objective: To help students to know the basic knowledge on HIV/AIDS/STD, where to go when they need help and to delay the first sexual intercourse among the teenagers. Methods: Two hundred and fifty seven 8th graders (girls 130, boys 127), from a city school in the north part of China , were involved and divided into
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:245 (abstract no. Tu.C.333)
Gumisiriza E, Alwano-Edyegu MG, Baryarama F, Kalule J, Marum E, Moore M; AIC, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-233-417.
Much remains unknown regarding the best methods to help young people in developing countries establish and maintain low risk sexual behaviors which will help them avoid HIV infection. Project: The AIDS Information Centre (AIC) in Uganda has provided voluntary and anonymous HIV counseling and testing (CT) to over
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Tu.C.334)
Chittick JB; Harvard University, School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: 617-742-3499. E-mail: JChittick@AOL.Com.
Adolescents who are caught between two cultures are at higher risk for HIV/AIDS because they do not receive the full information necessary for prevention strategies to work, due to cultural and bilingual barriers while living in two different societies. How best to assimilate and interact with culture-specific m
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Tu.C.335)
Virella D, Mourao MV; Instituto Superior Ciencias Sociais e Politicas, Rua da Junqueira, Lisbon, Portugal. Fax:00351 1 3642081.
Objective: Compare sexual behaviour and risky behaviours for HIV infection between Portuguese speaking African countries migrant students frequenting portuguese universities, and Portuguese University students. Methods: A self administered questionnaire was applied in 1996 to 3000 university students in Lisbon Universi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Tu.C.340)
Lapointe N, Samson J, Ag BA, Boucher M, Fauvel M, Tran T, Hankins C; Centre maternel et infantile sur le sida, Hopital Ste-Justine, Montreal, Quebec. Fax: (514) 345-4794. E-mail: cmis@ERE.UMontreal.CA.
Objective: To study factors associated with mother to child transmission and in particular the duration of the second stage of labour (cervical dilatation of 10 cm to expulsion of infant). Method: This prospective study involved 97 pregnant women and 109 children. Sixteen women received ZDV during pregnancy. Informatio
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Tu.C.341)
Wabwire-Mangen F, Gray RH, Mmiro FA, Wabinga H, Abramowsky C, Ndugwa C, Saah AJ; Institute of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-545001. E-mail: Fwabwire@Mukla.Gn.Ape.Arg.
Objective: To assess whether the presence of placental pathology in HIV seropositive women increases the risk of vertical transmission of HIV. Methods: A cohort of 171 HIV seropositive pregnant women enrolled at 28 weeks of gestation were followed through delivery and the placenta examined grossly and histopathological
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Tu.C.342)
McIntyre JA, Gray GE, Lyons SF; Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Baragwanath Hospital, South Africa. Fax: +27-11-938-1534. E-mail: mcintyre @pixie.co.za.
Introduction: Maternal condition and obstetrical factors such as the mode of delivery and length of labour have been implicated in the determination of transmission of HIV from mother to child. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between maternal factors, progression of HIV disease, mode of delivery and other o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Tu.C.343)
Shaffer N, Bhiraleus P, Chinayon P, Kalish M, Roongpisuthipong A, Siriwasin W, Chearskul S, Chotpitayasunondh T, Sangkarat S, Young N, Brown T, Batter V, Mastro TD; HIV/AIDS Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Fax: (66-2) 591-5443. E-mail: nas4@bangkok.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: It has been proposed that subtype E may be more transmissible heterosexually than other HIV-1 subtypes. We investigated the rate of and risk factors for perinatal HIV-1 subtype E transmission. Methods: At 2 large hospitals in Bangkok, HIV-infected (HIV+) pregnant women and their bottlefed newborn children w
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Tu.C.344)
Thea DM, Steketee R, Bornshlegel K, Pliner V, Brown T; Medical and Health Research Assoc., New York City, NY. Fax: (212) 442-3494. E-mail: dyt4@wonder.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To determine the effect of viral load (VL) at delivery on the risk of perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV). Methods: A nested case-control study was performed within a prospectively followed cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants. 51 women (TR) who gave birth t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Tu.C.345)
Burns DN, Landesman S, Rubinstein A, Waters D, Willoughby A, Goedert JJ; NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-496-8678. E-mail: burnsd@hd01.nichd.nih.gov.
Objective: To assess changes in HIV-1 RNA copy number (Copy#) during and after pregnancy and to examine the relationship between antepartum Copy# and vertical transmission of HIV-1. Methods: Plasma and serum obtained prior to the third trimester (prTM3), during TM3 (TM3), and two months postpartum (2MPP) from HIV-infec
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Tu.C.430)
Carre N, Meyer L, Wade A, Bialowons N, Vittecoq D, Bary M; INSERM, Hopital de Bicetre, France.
Objective: To compare HIV disease progression in homosexual men, heterosexual men, and women enrolled in the same cohort. Methods: The occurrence of HIV-related clinical disease (group IV or AIDS, 1987 revised Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classification) was compared in subjects with a known date of infec
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Tu.C.431)
McMenamin J, Pithie A, Goldberg D, Allardice G, Codere G, Taylor A, Cameron S, Williams F, Yirrell D, Leigh-Brown A, Galbraith I, Henderson N; The Scottish Centre for Infection & Environmental Health (SCIEH), Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland. Fax:0141-946-0860. E-mail: MENAMIN@SCIEH.TCOM.CO.UK.
Background: Following an outbreak of HIV infection in HM Prison Glenochil in central Scotland, UK, in 1993, 14 inmates were identified as HIV-positive.1 The cohort were remarkably similar; mean age 24 (range 22-28); all male caucasians; all admitted IDU activity within Glenochil; all were RIBA-2 confirmed HCV Ab positi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Tu.C.432)
Sabin CA, Phillips AN, Bhagani S, Pasi KJ, Elford J, Lee CA; Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, RFHSM, London, England. Fax: 0171 794 1224. E-mail: caroline@rfhsm.ac.uk.
Objective: To describe the progression of HIV disease in a cohort of haemophilic men infected with HIV for up to 16 years, and to assess the impact of co-infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) on morbidity and mortality. Methods: 111 haemophilic men became infected with HIV between 1979 and 1985 after being treated wit
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Tu.C.433)
Hessol NA, Koblin BA, Zauber AG, Taylor PE, Buchbinder SP, Katz MH, Stevens CE; UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-476-8528. E-mail: nancy@hummer.ucsf.
Objective: To determine whether there is an increase in cancer incidence rates among homosexual men. Methods: The incidence of non-Kaposi s sarcoma cancer was examined from 1978 to 1990 among 15,656 homosexual men who participated in studies of hepatitis B virus infection in the late 1970 s in New York City and San Fra
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Tu.C.434)
Geskus RB, van Griensven GJ, Albrecht-van Lent N, Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-5555533. E-mail: rgeskus@euronet.nl.
Objective: To study the distribution of the time from seroconversion to AIDS over a long time span in a group of seroconverted homosexual men. Methods: Eighty nine seroconverted homosexual men, originating from an HBV vaccine trial conducted in Amsterdam between 1980 and 1983, were enrolled in an HIV/AIDS cohort study,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Tu.C.435)
Hoover DR, Saah AJ, Guccione M, Rosenberg PS, Chmiel J, Detels R, Kingsley L; Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax:(410)955-7587.
Objective: Estimate time to AIDS and death from HIV-1 seroconversion (HIV-SC) among gay men with HIV-SC dates starting three years before availability of AIDS treatments. Methods: Four hundred and eighty one (481) men were observed to seroconvert to HIV-1 from 1984 to 1995 in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). T
Objective: To evaluate the risk and risk factors for mother-to-child HIV transmission since recommendations for using zidovudine (ZDV) to prevent mother-to-child transmission were published in August 1994. Methods: Since 1986, the CDC Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study (PACTS) has enrolled HIV-infected pre
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:249 (abstract no. Tu.C.441)
Steketee RW, Simonds RJ, Abrams E, Nesheim S, Vink P, Palumbo P; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-6118. E-mail: risl@cidhivl.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To determine risk factors for perinatal HIV transmission (PHT) and the impact of zidovudine (ZDV) in pregnancy (Preg: antenatal or intrapartum) and/or early infancy (Inf) in a multicenter study during 1994-1995. Methods: Seven PACTS sites have enrolled HIV-infected pregnant women and their children in a pros
Objective: To determine the impact of recommending zidovudine prophylaxis (ZDV) on vertical HIV transmission in the context of mode of delivery and other risk factors in an ongoing national cohort study. Methods: Up to December 1st, 1995, 443 children of HIV-infected mothers were followed up prospectively from birth fo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:249 (abstract no. Tu.C.443)
Wiktor SZ, Ekpini ER, Sibailly TS, Diaby L, Brown T, Fransen K, Steketee R, Coulibaly IM, Laga M, Kalish M, Greenberg AE; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Fax: (225) 24-29-69.
Objective: To measure the effectiveness of oral zidovudine (ZDV) administered in late pregnancy in lowering plasma and cervicovaginal HIV-1 viral load in pregnant women in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire Methods: In preparation for a large clinical trial comparing the efficacy of ZDV vs. placebo administered late in pregnancy t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:249 (abstract no. Tu.C.444)
Dabis F, Meda N, Msellati P, Cartoux M, Welffens-Ekra C, Mandelbrot L; INSERM, Universite de Bordeaux I, Bordeaux, France. Fax: (33) 56.99.13.60. E-mail: hivu330@u-bordeaux2.fr.
Objectives: Zidovudine (ZDV) is now the gold standard to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in industrialized countries. The applicability, tolerance and efficacy of this intervention deserve investigation in developing countries, assuming that it can be applied to breast-fed populations in a simple manner. M
Objectives: Recently published data has shown that Retrovir given in pregnancy, during delivery, and to the neonate can substantially reduce the transmission of HIV infection from 25.5% (placebo) to 8.3% [Connor EM e al 1994]. Combination of lamivudine ( 3TC ) and Retrovir, have demonstrated a greater effect o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Tu.C.450)
Maticka-Tyndale E, Elkins D, Rujkarakorn D, Dole L, Stam K, Haswell-Elkins M; Univ. of Windsor, Windsor, Ont., Canada.
Objectives: To develop and evaluate a research-based HIV/AIDS risk reduction programme addressing the needs of men engaging in multiple sexual liaisons and sensitive to the local contexts. Methods: Fieldwork methodology, including ethnographic techniques and structured surveys began in rural villages and expanded to in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Tu.C.451)
Baryarama F, Kalule J, Gumisiriza E, Alwano-Edyegu MG, Marum E, Moore M; AIDS Information Centre (AIC), Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-233-417.
Couple counseling and HIV testing (CT) can be an important strategy for HIV prevention, both for pre-marital purposes and to identify and assist discordant couples. Project: The AIDS Information Centre (AIC) in Uganda has provided voluntary and anonymous HIV CT to over 260,000 persons since 1990 in urban, peri-u
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Tu.C.452)
Bhattacharya S, Chowdhury K, Chakraborty S; CINI-Child In Need Institute, Alipore, Calcutta, West Bengal, India.
The male clients visiting red light pockets in the rural areas are at risk for STDs and subsequently HIV/AIDS. They are widely scattered and their participation in programs is low because of their irregular unplanned visits, inhibitions & lack of services sensitive to their issues. Project: Sexual Health Int
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Tu.C.453)
Sikkema KJ, Kelly J, Heckman T, Roffman R, Solomon L, Cargill V, Winett R; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. Fax: 414-765-8823.
Objective: To evaluate a randomized, multisite field trial of a community-level HIV prevention program focused on communities of inner-city women living in low-income housing developments. Methods: Women living in ten housing developments across five geographically diverse U.S. cities participated in this community tri
Objective: To determine the elements of cognitive behavioral skills training prevention interventions in order to maximize HIV risk reduction effects for inner-city women. Methods: A component analysis experiment of a behavioral HIV-risk reduction intervention was conducted among 179 women recruited from a U.S. inner-c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Tu.C.455)
Njagi E, Kimani JN, Ngugi E, Nagelkerke N, Brunham R, Plummer F; University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: +254 2 712007. E-mail: Nico_Nagelkerke@ken.healthnet.org.
Introduction: Female sex workers (FSWs) are an important core group in the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Among FSWs from a prospective study in the Pumwani area of Nairobi, in August 1993, a group counselling programme was added to the clinic-based individual counselling, with the objective of f
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:251 (abstract no. Tu.C.550)
Easterbrook PJ, Bunce M, Sidebottom D, Welsh K, Dalgleish A, Troop M, Goodall RL, Gazzard BG; Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 0181-846-6198.
Objectives: To examine associations between HLA class I gene products and both delayed and rapid HIV disease progression in a UK Caucasian population. Methods: 168 long-term HIV-infected individuals (median=9.5 years) were enrolled into a study of the biological and behavioural determinants of long-term non-progression
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:251 (abstract no. Tu.C.551)
Ashton L, Kaldor J, Carr A, Cunningham P, Sullivan J, Doron T, Lloyd A, Kelly M; NCHECR, Sydney, Australia. Fax: 61 2 332 1837. E-mail: lashton@nchecr.unsw.edu.au.
Objectives: To establish a cohort of people with long-term asymptomatic HIV infection as a basis for determining virological and immunological characteristics and identifying subtypes of virus in people with long-term asymptomatic HIV infection in Australia . Methods: Individuals were eligible for the study if they had
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:251 (abstract no. Tu.C.552)
Keet IP, Veugelers PJ, Goudsmit J, Klein M, Miedema F, Jansen M, Coutinho RA, de Wolf F; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-5555533. E-mail: rene@sara.nl.
Objective: To study HIV-1 viral load in long term AIDS-free survivors with CD4 counts below 200/mm3. Methods: Number of HIV-1 RNA copies per ml in serum was determined with Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification (NASBA) in HIV-1 infected homosexual men from the Amsterdam cohort study. HIV-1 RNA levels in longitudina
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:251 (abstract no. Tu.C.553)
Buchbinder SP, Vittinghoff E, Park MS, Elbeik T, Kalams S, Katz M, Walker B, Feinberg M; AIDS Office, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 621-0641. E-mail: spb@itsa.ucsf.edu.
Objective: To identify and characterize long-term non-progressors from the San Francisco City Clinic Cohort (SFCC) by immunologic and virologic parameters. Methods: Progression to AIDS (1993 CDC case definition) was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis for men from SFCC with well-defined dates of HIV seroconversion (SC)
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:251 (abstract no. Tu.C.560)
Lior LY, Archibald C, Yan P, Blanchard J, Larke B, Dawood M, Senzilet L, Hockin J, Sutherland D; Bureau of HIV/AIDS & STD, LCDC, Health Canada, Ottawa Ontario. Fax: 613-954-5414. E-mail: llior@hpb.hwc.ca.
Objective: To describe the trends in risks for HIV/AIDS in Canadian women. Methods: Estimates of cumulative HIV infections were calculated using data from provincial databases, recent seroprevalence studies and population surveys. Recent antenatal studies were used to estimate infection rates among women of childbearin
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:252 (abstract no. Tu.C.561)
Kacanek D, Diaz T, Ward JW; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404) 639-2029.
Objective: Crack use is associated with an increased risk of HIV transmission, especially among women. However, little is known about the behaviours associated with the use of other noninjection drugs. We examined the sexual behaviours associated with crack and other noninjection drug use among HIV-infected women who d
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:252 (abstract no. Tu.C.562)
Couturier E, Batter V, Brossard Y, Six C, Larsen C, Larsen M, Henrion R, Brunet JB; European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS, Saint-Maurice, France. Fax: (33-1) 43 96 50 81. E-mail: fhceses@b3e.jussieu.fr.
Objective: To examine HIV trends in pregnant women between 1991 and 1995 in the Paris area, France . Methods: Unlinked HIV antibody testing was carried out during the same 4-week period in 1991, 1993 and 1995 among women at outcome of pregnancy (delivery, abortions, ectopic pregnancy). Sampling was exhaustive for all w
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:252 (abstract no. Tu.C.563)
Kapiga S, Lyamuya EF, Lwihula G, Hunter DJ; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Objectives: To determine the incidence of HIV infection in Dar-es-Salaam and assess its association with other STDs, contraceptive practice and sexual behavior. Methods: HIV-ve women (N=1370) were enrolled in a prospective cohort study at 3 family planning clinics. During the follow-up period (10/92 to 07/95), informat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:252 (abstract no. Tu.C.570)
Kretzschmar M, Wiessing LG; Institut fur Medizinische Biometrie, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. Fax: +49-7071-295219. E-mail: mirjam@uni-tuebingen.de.
Objective: To relate observed sero-prevalence levels in populations of intravenous drug users (idu) in Europe to risk behavior and investigate the risk of future rise in prevalence of HIV; to study the effect of reduction in risk behaviour on HIV-incidence in populations with high sero-prevalence levels. Methods: Simul
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:252 (abstract no. Tu.C.571)
Verdecchia A, Mariotto A, Conti S, Rosenberg PS; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma, Italy. Fax: +39-6-4456686. E-mail: epical@iss.it.
Objective: To provide a method for reconstructing HIV infection epidemic from mortality data in large countries where collecting surveillance data on AIDS is unpractical or not feasable, i.e. most Asian, African and Latin American countries. Furthermore, the method may prove useful in the United States where the 19
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:253 (abstract no. Tu.C.572)
Rosenberg PS, Biggar RJ; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, MD. Fax: 301/402-0817.
To estimate HIV infection rates in different age, sex, race, and exposure groups. Project: HIV infection rates are estimated by back-calculation from national AIDS surveillance data on the basis of the incubation distribution. The period of analysis ended on 1 January 1993 to avoid bias from the expansion of the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:253 (abstract no. Tu.C.573)
Yan P, Huntley JA, Sutherland D; Bureau of HIV/AIDS and STD, Ottawa, Ont., Canada. Fax: 613-954-5414. E-mail: pyan@hpb.hwc.ca.
Objective: To determine historical trends of the HIV incidence in Canada with respect to age-at infection and birth cohorts. Methods: The back-calculation is applied to data from the AIDS Cases Reporting Surveillance System in Canada. The method utilizes measurement of reporting delay, trend of AIDS diagnosis, and exte
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:253 (abstract no. Tu.D.130)
Heise L, Rao GG, Weiss E, Whelan D; International Center for Research on Women (ICRW), Washington, D.C., USA. Fax: (202)797-0020. E-mail: icrw@igc.apc.org.
Research shows that violence is a deterrent for women in negotiating HIV preventive behaviors and that early sexual abuse is associated with risk-taking behavior among women. There has been little coordination and dialogue between the violence against women sector and the AIDS community to learn from each other
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:253 (abstract no. Tu.D.131)
Hwayire N, Sibanda H, Phiri S; Harare, Association for Women with HIV/AIDS, Harare, Zimbabwe. Fax: 263-4-720801/740601.
To assess the needs and problems of women living with HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe . Project: Data was collected from interviewing 8 support groups with approximately 30 to 50. Women each group of non working women living with HIV/AIDS. Results: 80% of the women are divorced or widowed and only 20% of these women are ma
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:253 (abstract no. Tu.D.132)
St Lawrence JS, Eldridge GD, Little CE, Shelby MC, Brasfield TL; Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA. Fax: (601) 968-8216.
Introduction: HIV-infection among low income minority women, female drug users, and incarcerated women in the US is increasing rapidly due to needle-sharing, unprotected sexual activity with high risk partners, and the social, cultural, and economic impediments that constrain women s self-protective behavior. This stud
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:253 (abstract no. Tu.D.133)
Wingood GM, DiClemente RJ; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Fax: 205-934-9325. E-mail: gwingood@hb. soph. uab. edu.
Objective: To examine the consequences of having a physically abusive partner on HIV-related health and risk behaviors of young adult African-American women. Methods: From February 1993 through December 1993, 165 African-American women, 18-29, were recruited using street outreach from a lower socioeconomic community in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Tu.D.134)
Morrill AM, Ickovics J; New England Research Inst., Watertown, MA, USA. Fax:(617) 926-8246. E-mail: AllisonM%NERI@MCIMail.Com.
Objective: To identify the pathways by which women s past experiences of abuse abuse by a partner and/or sexual abuse by anyone might shape their risk of contracting HIV through heterosexual contact. Methods: Heterosexual women (n=141) at four urban clinics were interviewed five times in 21 months. All were HIV- or nev
Objective: To estimate prevalence and correlates of violence among women with or at risk for HIV infection. Methods: In a multicenter study of HIV infection, injection drug user (IDU) women and women with high sex risk underwent interviews, physical exams, and phlebotomy. A separate psychosocial interview was administe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Tu.D.136)
Elliott L; Save The Children Fund UK, London, England. Fax: 44-171-793-7630.
Objective: To gain an understanding of child prostitution around the military camps, where foreign troops were based during the emergency in Monrovia, Liberia , West Africa. Background: Liberia is now in a state of agreed peace. However, from 1989 - 1995 Liberia had been in a state of civil war. Monrovia fell within an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Tu.D.230)
Chatman-Jones C, Dennison R; WORLD, Oakland, CA.
After being diagnosed with AIDS and experiencing ill effects from prescribed meds with medical service providers, I felt uninformed, disempowered and alone, void of adequate data to make sound decisions that attribute to good quality of life and medical care. This is a universal problem that is a common demoniation for
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Tu.D.231)
Mhone MC; HIV/AIDS Support Network, Lilongwe, Malawi.
People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWAs) take a leading role in the fight against AIDS pandemic. This is in an effort to restore their human rights shrouded by discrimination stigma and prejudice as well as assist to stop further spread of HIV through peer exercises on information, education and communication sharing
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Tu.D.232)
Roy CM; Canadian AIDS Society, Toronto, Ontario. Fax: 416-340-8223. E-mail: ACT@hookup.net.
This participatory action research examines the degree and nature in which people with HIV and AIDS (PHAs) are involved in the community-based AIDS movement in Canada . Project: Three inter-related phases of research were utilized in this project. First, a detailed survey was completed by 93% of all organization
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Tu.D.233)
Maldonado M; National Minority AIDS Council, Washington, DC, USA. Fax: (202) 483-1135.
Women of color are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS in the United States accounting for over 77% of the cumulative AIDS among women. Lack of economic and political power are major factors contributing to the inequitable social and economic conditions which contribute to the escalation of HIV disease among
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Tu.D.234)
Halloran JP, Ross M, Huffman L; UTSPH, AIDS Education & Training Center, Houston, TX. Fax: 792-5292. E-mail: jhallora@ana.org.
Objectives: To test the efficacy of a psychoeducational intervention to reduce obstacles to and enhance participation by PLWHIV in community planning processes; Background: Social and political pressure, a well as public health theory, mandate inclusion of PLWHIV in community planning and policy development processes.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Tu.D.235)
Fecht SM; Voices of Positive Women, Toronto, Ontario.
HIV+ Women with children have specific needs for psycosocial, peer and practical support. Project: A support/outreach program designed to address the needs of women and children living with HIV. The program /peer support group targets family related issues such as disclosure to children, guardianship, disclosure
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Tu.D.236)
Murni S; Yayasan Pelita Ilmu, Jakarta, Indonesia. Fax: 62-21-8295663.
Issues: Reported HIV/AIDS case in Indonesia were reaching over 350 in September 1995. No support group were available. No PWA was involved in HIV/AIDS works. Project: The issue was discussed by a PWA, her doctor, and Yayasan Pelita Ilmu, an NGO that have Care and Support in their programs. The plan was to form a suppor
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Tu.D.240)
Leopold B, Steffan E; SPI-Berlin, Research-Unit, Berlin, Germany. Fax: 49/30/2516094.
In many regions in Europe, drug and prostitution scenes developed in the surrounding areas close to international boundaries (especially to the former iron courtain ) with different grades of prosperity. In these scenes, where inhabitants from different states are involved, HIV risk behaviours are supposed to be
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Tu.D.241)
Benjamin JA, Engel D, DeBuysscher R; AIDSCAP, Arlington, VA, USA. Fax: 703-516-9781.
Objectives: To reduce the transmission of HIV and STDs among Rwandan refugees in camps in northwest Tanzania . Methods: A large-scale collaborative intervention program was implemented in refugee camps housing more than 250,000 refugees. An initial knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices (KABP) and community health
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Tu.D.242)
Msuya W, Mayaud P, Mkanje R, West B, Todd J, Lisekie F, Grosskurth H; AMREF, Mwanza, Tanzania. Fax: 255-68-50742.
Objectives: To establish an HIV/STD intervention program for the Rwandan refugee camps in Tanzania (est. pop. 350,000). To evaluate the impact on STD prevalences. Methods: The program was launched 4 months after the start of the Rwanda crisis and it had 3 components: (A) IEC: refugee health behaviour promoters conducte
Because of the conditions in which refugees and asylum seekers live in UK, they have always missed out in the mainstream HIV/AIDS prevention, care and counselling programmes. Project: Our HIV/AIDS community based programme, targeted at the Ugandan Refugees and the recently arrived East and Central African commun
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Tu.D.244)
Lago M, Wilk VA, Trevino-Sauceda H, Marentes A; DHHS/Health Resources and Services Admin., Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-594-2470. E-mail: mlago@hrsa.ssw.dhhs.gov.
HIV infection is increasing dramatically among Hispanic and African American women in the U.S., two groups to which the majority of farmworker women belong. Recent studies show that HIV infection rate among migrant and seasonal farmworkers may be as much as 10 times the national rate. Project: This project consi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Tu.D.245)
Haour-Knipe M, Fleury F, Jeannin A, Dubois-Arber F; University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Objectives: To find an inexpensive, reliable, and repeatable way of constituting a representative sample of community members to assess the impact of the Swiss, government-sponsored, AIDS prevention programme for Spanish, Portuguese and Turkish migrants. Method: 70 individuals were trained to each recruit 10-30 respond
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Tu.D.246)
Muniz-Martelon M, Baez-Villasenor J, del Rio C, Guzman J, Figueroa R; CONASIDA, National AIDS Council, Mexico City, Mexico. Fax: (5-25) 528.4220.
Temporary migrant workers from Mexico to the United States face several cultural and psychosocial conditions that put them at risk for HIV infection. About 25% of AIDS cases in Mexico have a history of being workers in the US for long periods so there is a strong relationship between number of AIDS cases in the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Tu.D.250)
Aplasca MR, Monzon OT, Mapua CA, Tan-Torres T, Romano E, Solon 0; Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa City, Philippines. Fax: (632) 842-22-45. E-mail: mraplasca@healthnet.phl.org.
Objective: To measure the direct and indirect costs of HIV infection/AIDS in the Philippines . Methods: A retrospective and prospective study on the costs of HIV infection and AIDS was conducted between May 1993 to June 1994 in a government infectious disease hospital. Data of patients were obtained from patients reco
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Tu.D.251)
Gill MJ, Weber M, Davidson W, McDonald J; Southern Alberta Clinic, Calgary, Alberta. Fax: (403) 270-8514. E-mail: jgil@acs.ucalgary.ca.
Objectives: To determine the direct medical costs of treating HIV infection in a stable regional population receiving care through a centralized outpatient program, and describe the implications for future HIV care. Methods: We have calculated average monthly direct medical costs for all of the 452 patients seen during
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Tu.D.252)
Tolley K, Gyldmark M, Postma M, Jager J; Department of Public Health Medicine and Epidemiology, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. Fax: +115 970 9316. E-mail: sph@nottingham.ac.uk.
Objective: To develop a standardized framework for improved quality and comparability in the estimation of the costs of HIV/AIDS hospital treatment and care in the European Union (EU) (EU Project Managing the costs of HIV infection SOC94 200180 05F01, in collaboration with an EU Concerted Action on HIV/AIDS Multination
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Tu.D.253)
Postma MJ, Leidl RM, Tolley K, Jager JC; National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. Fax: 31 30 2744450. E-mail: Maarten.Postma@rivm.nl.
Objective: To project the need for hospital resources for AIDS patients in the European Union (EU) in the year 2000, using multinational scenario analysis (EU Concerted Action BMH1-CT-941723). Data: In collaboration with the EU-funded project Managing the Costs of HIV Infection (EU Project number SOC94-200180-05F01), n
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Tu.D.254)
Boberg EW, Gustafson DH, Hawkins RP, Bricker E, Graziano FM; University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. Fax: 608-263-4523. E-mail: boberg@macc.wisc.edu.
Objective: To determine the effects on health care costs and quality of life of an in-home, computer-based system providing information, referrals, skills training, decision and social support to people living with HIV. Methods: Two hundred and four men and women from southern Wisconsin, at all stages of HIV infection,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Tu.D.255)
Trujillo F, Toro L, Henriquez A, Jara C, Child R, Ortiz E; Comision Nacional del SIDA, Ministerio de Salud de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Fax: (56-2) 6395040.
Objective: The objective of this research is to establish direct costs involved in both outpatient care and hospitalization of adult HIV seropositive patients during the different stages of evolution of the illness. Methods: From August 1994 to February 1995 information pertaining to outpatient care and hospitalization
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Tu.D.350)
Koch R, Carrasco E; ACCSI-Accion Ciudadana Contra El SIDA, Caracas, Venezuela.
Objectives: Action and promotion of AIDS-related human rights in Venezuela . Method: Direct legal assistance to persons affected by AIDS; counselling private and public sectors; educational activities specifically targeted to lawyers, attorneys, judges, procurators, health workers, educational institutes, and the publi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Tu.D.352)
Whelan DJ, Rao GG, Weiss E; International Center for Research on Women, Washington, DC, USA. Fax: (202)797-0020. E-mail: icrw@igc.apc.org.
The complex relationship between women s human rights and their vulnerability to HIV infection must be examined in order to develop policies and programs that can more effectively address the rising incidence of infection among women worldwide. Project: Data collected from seventeen research studies are examined
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Tu.D.353)
Bianco M, Re MI, Pagani L; Fundacion para Estudio e Investigacion de la Mujer, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: (54 1) 476 2763.
In developing countries women s vulnerability increases due poverty, lack of governmental prevention/action campaigns and higher sexual subordination of women. Project: Small groups workshops to aware poor women in Argentina were organized since 1992. The activities were developed with the participation of women
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Tu.D.354)
Abdool KQ, Mantell JE, Scheepers E; Dept of Health, Republic of South Africa.
The male condom has provided women with limited protection from HIV/AIDS and other STDs since only a minority of men use condoms consistently. Unprotected sex is a major factor in fuelling the HIV epidemic among women. Project: The prevention of heterosexual HIV transmission in women through the introduction of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Tu.D.356)
Musuamba N, Mutombo T; Network On Ethics, Law and HIV in Zaire, Kinshasa, Zaire. Fax: 8741503261 / 8711503261.
Culture and tradition don t allow married or unmarried women to talk about sexuality with their husbands or partners. So, they can t decide on the use of condoms to avoid HIV infection. Project: A program to reduce HIV/AIDS infection risks by sexual way among married and unmarried women was initiated in educatio
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Tu.D.360)
Hoff CC, Kegeles S, Acree M, Stall R, Paul J, Ekstrand M, Coates TJ; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-597-9213. E-mail:colleen_hoff@quickmail.ucsf.edu.
Objective: To determine which programs within a community-level AIDS prevention intervention reached what types of gay men. Methods: An 18-month community-level HIV/AIDS prevention intervention was conducted in Portland, Oregon offering a variety of prevention activities, each ranging in intensity. The intervention inc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Tu.D.361)
Ashok RK, Rakesh M, Ramesh M; The Humsafar Trust, Bombay, India.
Sexually active men in the MSM sector have poor access to health services. Project: The Humsafar Drop-In Centre in Bombay is an innovative concept which creates a dynamic interface between the target groups and the public health services. It is the only one of its kind in India where sexually active men, espec
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Tu.D.362)
Hays RB, Paul J, Ekstrand M, Kegeles S, Stall R, Coates T; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-597-9213. E-mail: robert_hays@quickmail.ucsf.edu.
Objective: 1) To compare HIV risk-taking of young gay men who perceive themselves to be HIV-, perceive themselves to be HIV+, or do not know their status; 2) To assess the degree to which perceived HIV status matches actual HIV status; and 3) To examine whether factors related to engaging in unprotected anal intercours
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Tu.D.363)
Martinez LF, Mayorga R, Lorenzana A, Maza JM, Leon R, Arevalo F; Asociacion de Talleres Holisticos (ATH), Guatemala City, Guatemala. Fax: (502-2)516531.
Gay/bisexual men, transvestites, and lesbians do not have spaces to freely express themselves in a deeply homophobic and lesbophobic society. This results in socializing in environments were alcohol, drugs, and sex are readily at hand. A space for personal growth free of these influences is necessary to foster e
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Tu.D.364)
Gold RS, Skinner M; School of Psychology, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia. Fax: 61-3-9481-3331. E-mail: rongold@deakin.edu.au.
Objective: In earlier studies, we asked gay men who had engaged in high-risk sex to report any self-justifications they had used at the time. Some of the self-justifications reported involved the partner s antibody status being inferred from how he looked, spoke, or behaved. This study investigated such inferences more
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:260 (abstract no. Tu.D.365)
Ostrow DG, DiFranceisco W; Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of WI, Milwaukee, WI.
Objective: To determine the general patterns of change in sexual behaviors and their relationships to attitudes and beliefs about the safety of sexual practices, between 1984 and 1992 among men participating in the Chicago MACS/Coping and Change Study (C&CS). Methods: All of the men participating at each semi-annua
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:260 (abstract no. Tu.D.460)
Dortzbach DA, Njorge L, Kiiti N, Robinson P, Amalemba W, Mallet S; MAP International, Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: 254-2-714422.
Church leaders are found everywhere in Africa. They are powerful influencers in communities and are often strongly committed to serving others as volunteers. They are formal and informal counselors with little or no training. Harnessing the potential and providing pastoral counselling training in AIDS may produc
Objectives: To determine the salient factors in the social structure, culture, and dominant psychological features of Turkish society which 1) contribute to or 2) limit the spread of AIDS and STD; and 3) have implications for prevention efforts. Methods: A systematic survey of existing social, political and psychologic
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:260 (abstract no. Tu.D.462)
Honigsbaum N, Orr N; European Forum on HIV/AIDS, Children and Families, National Children's Bureau, London, England. Fax: 0171 2489512.
The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child has been signed or ratified by 180 of the world s 191 governments, but its implementation has been very variable. Nowhere is this more apparent than in relation to children affected by HIV, whose rights to participation, protection and provision continue to be denied
Objectives: 1. To describe sexual behaviour in Europe in the context of HIV/AIDS, 2. To identify differences and similarities between countries that may highlight some differences in the dynamics of the epidemic and prevention policies. Methods: As part of the European Union (EU) Concerted Action on Sexual Behaviour an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:261 (abstract no. Tu.D.471)
Collins JL, Warren W, Kann L; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (770)488-5665. E-mail: jlcl@ccdashl.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To examine trends in sexual risk behaviors among U.S. high school students. Methods: Data from the 1990, 1991, 1993, and 1995 national Youth Risk Behavior Surveys are used to examine whether significant changes have occurred in HIV-related risk behaviors among in-school youth. These surveys provide self-repo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:261 (abstract no. Tu.D.472)
Huynen P, Marquet J, Ferrand A, Hubert M, Van Campenhoudt L; Facultes Universitaires Saint-Louis, Brussels, Belgium. Fax: (+32 2) 211 79 97. E-mail: huynen@fusl.ac.be.
Objectives: To determine the structural characteristics of the sexual relations (encounter s circumstances, partners expectations and satisfactions, succession or concomitance of relations, relationship s social visibility, norms, etc.) that influence the way HIV risk is taken into account (or not) in these relations.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:261 (abstract no. Tu.D.473)
Morris M, Serwadda D, Kretzschmar M, Sewankambo N, Wawer M; Dept. Of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Fax: (215) 573-2081. E-mail: morris@lexis.pop.upenn.edu.
Objective: To identify the prevalence of concurrent partnerships in the sexually active population of Rakai district, Uganda and to establish their impact on HIV transmission dynamics. Sample and Methods: Household-based random sample of 1640 adults 15-49 years old in Rakai district using a local network survey module
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:261 (abstract no. Tu.D.474)
Lagrange H, Lhomond B, Levinson S, The ACSJ group; ACSJ CNS, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 40 07 01 12.
Objectives: The first national survey on adolescent sexual behavior in France , conducted in 1994, has two objectives: 1) a comprehensive understanding of the entry into sexual experience, taking into account personal chronology as well as individuals social and sexual networks,2) providing data to inform effective pre
Objectives: This paper assesses the impact of direct public education targeted at gay and bisexual men in the UK since 1987. It considers the impact of HIV prevention in terms of evidence from epidemiological and behavioural research, and also examines what gay and bisexual men think of national targeted HIV prevention
The emergence of People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWH/A) as a new social movement poses a significant challenge to other key players in shaping a contemporary HIV/AIDS response in western developed nations. Project: Much HIV/AIDS research assumes the powerful influence of the gay community in shaping policy. Recent
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Tu.D.481)
Jayaseelan J; Pink Triangle Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Fax: 603.4444 622.
Issues: Asserting community efforts in prevention and care within a cultural and political climate that is suspicious of efforts which is non judgmental of peoples behavior. Project: A comprehensive organizational strategy that encompass HIV/AIDS prevention and care, rights advocacy and networking with governmental bod
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Tu.D.482)
Lyons KL, Davids J, Gold R, Russell A, Smith L; Project TEACH, Philadelphia FIGHT, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Fax: 215-985-4952. E-mail: jdavids@critpath.org.
Issues: Issues relevant to women living with HIV and their communities have finally begun to be addressed by many researchers and physicians. However, some women living with HIV who attend scientific meetings, treatment conferences or training programs have become frustrated by the unfamiliar language and standards of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Tu.D.483)
Brown C, Desbiens S, Paul AE; Canadian AIDS Society, Ottawa, Canada.
The National Women and HIV Project endorses the fundamental goal of empowering women living with HIV to take control over decisions that affect their lives. Project: Recognizing that women are one of the fastest growing groups of people infected and affected by HIV, the Canadian AIDS Society received funding fro
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Tu.D.484)
Orsini M; Montreal, Quebec, Canada. E-mail: mors@vax2.concordia.ca.
AIDS activism. as viewed through the filter of identity politics. poses unique challenges to the future of activists efforts to empower PWAs, and, ultimately, end the AIDS crisis. Project: The AIDS discourse is steeped in questions of identity but, curiously, rarely expressed as such. From the furor over mandato
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Tu.D.485)
Costigan A, Waring B; The Interagency Coalition on AIDS and Development (ICAD), Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-788-5052. E-mail: icad@web.apc.org.
Globally, AIDS affected children and youth are marginalized from AIDS and development activist, policy and programme work. Currently, AIDS affected children and youth do not have a voice in a variety of fora and receive only a fraction of the support they need. Project: This paper gives consideration to how to m
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Tu.D.486)
Gardner KJ, Nikitina M, Karimova L, Sarankov Y; AESOP Center, Moscow, Russia. Fax: 7095-141-8315. E-mail: aesop@glasnet.ru.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Russia are weak, poor, inexperienced, secretive, and distrustful, yet they hold the key to critical sexual health promotion in Russia. Project: The first National Sexual Health Coalition was launched by the AESOP Center in September 1995, primarily targeting NGOs with pro
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:38 (abstract no. Tu.D.581)
Farmer P; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Fax: (617) 661-2669.
AIDS has always been a strikingly patterned pandemic; public health slogans aside, some groups are at high risk of HIV infection while others, clearly, are shielded from risk. Furthermore, although late events have been grimly similar, the course of HIV infection has been highly variable. These disparities have sparked
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Tu.D.583)
Tan ML; HAIN, Quezon City, Philippines. Fax: 63-2-721-8290. E-mail: mtan@phil.gn.apc.org.
In most developing countries, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has underscored the problem of lack of access to essential drugs. Even in richer developing countries, expenses for medicines are often shouldered privately. For illnesses such as HIV/AIDS, the expenses can be considerable when compared to local incomes. The expenses
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Tu.D.600)
Reid DS, Weatherburn P, Stephens MJ, Davies PM; University of Portsmouth, London, UK. Fax: (44-171) 737-7898. E-mail: davidr@sigma-r.demon.co.uk.
Objectives: To establish the existence and demographic profile of the population of men who have sex with both males and females without having significant contact with gay or bisexual communities and to assess their access to and understanding of HIV prevention materials. Methods: A small number of advertisements were
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Tu.D.601)
Oetomo D; Universitas Airlangga/GAYa NUSANTARA, Surabaya, Indonesia. Fax: +62-31-593-9070. E-mail: doetomo@indo.net.id.
More than ten years into the HIV/AIDS epidemic, there is still little recognition of possible gender and sexual diversity in different communities, especially in the developing world. While it is true that the increase of the epidemic among women warrants an emphasis on programs targeted at different communities of wom
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Tu.D.602)
Stokes J; University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. Fax: 312-413-4122.
Individual interviews were conducted with 750 African-American and White men who have sex with men. Behavioral criteria were used to establish groups of bisexual and homosexual men. Gay men were more likely that bisexual men to have engaged in unprotected receptive anal sex. This difference was a function of more men i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Tu.D.603)
Allman D, Myers T, Calzavara L, Graydon M, Millson M, Major C, Leblanc M; University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: (416) 971-2704. E-mail: dan.allman@utoronto.ca.
Objectives: To discuss issues and challenges in the recruitment of the Canadian bisexual male for HIV prevention research. Methods: This presentation will discuss strategies to recruit bisexual males for HIV prevention research, and relate these to theoretical perspectives on the social construction of bisexuality. Thi
Objective: To determine if HIV-1 seroconversion among males exposed to HIV-1 heterosexually, is associated with markers of immune polymorphism such as human leukocyte antigens (HLA). (table: see text) Methods: Men presenting for treatment of genital ulcers to an STD clinic in Nairobi were recruited into an observationa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Tu.A.2002)
Walmsley SL, Harrison M, Winn L, Cosani D, Clark J, Uetrecht J, Wells P; The Toronto Hospital, General Division, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Objective: To study the mechanism of low glutathione (GSH) reported in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods: Plasma and peripheral blood lymphocytes were collected from seronegative controls (n=10), asymptomatic HIV-positive (n=31) and AIDS patients (n=20). From each compartment were measured the acid soluble thiols GSH and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Tu.A.2003)
Ullum H, Aladdin H, Victor J, Gotzsche PC, Skinhoj P, Pedersen BK; Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen, N Denmark. Fax: (45) 35457644.
Objectives: An early specific loss of CD4+CD45RO+ memory cells compared to CD4+CD45RA+ naive cells in HIV infection has been proposed. However, the loss of either memory or naive CD4+ T cells in later stages of disease and the relation to cytokine production are not fully understood. Methods: Expression of CD45RA and C
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Tu.A.2004)
Bruunsgaard H, Pedersen C, Klarlund PB; Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen, N. Denmark. Fax: (+45) 35457644.
Objective: To examine how immune parameters related to non major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restricted cytotoxicity changed with respect to progression and duration of HIV infection. Methods: 43 HIV seropositive subjects with known time for seroconversion were included. They were compared with an age and sex matc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Tu.A.2005)
Galea P, Le Contel C, Chermann JC; INSERM, Merseille Cedex, France. Fax: (33) 91 41 92 50.
Objective: The beta2 microglobulin (beta2m)-derived peptide R7V mimicks the potential epitope recognized on HIV by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies directed against beta2m. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of neutralizing anti-R7V antibodies (Ab) in serum of HIV-infected persons and to correlate i
Objective: To evaluate mechanisms of CD4+ T cell regeneration occurring during mono or bitherapies with antiretroviral drugs in parallel to virological studies. Methods: 21 naive patients received ZDV. 19 patients have been pretreated by ZDV and began a new therapy by 3TC or
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Tu.A.2007)
Toth DF, Banhegyi D, Nemes J, Ujhelyi E, Prohaszka Z, Fust G; Inst. Microbiol., Univ. Med. Sch., Budapest, Hungary. Fax: 361 209 2310.
Objective: Previously we have reported (Fust et al., AIDS 8,603, 1994) on a strong correlation of the titres of complement dependent enhancing antibodies with immunosuppression and disease in early and intermediate stage HIV disease. In the present work we studied if the same association can be observed in patients in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Tu.A.2008)
Bentwich Z, Kalinkovich A, Galai N, Weisman Z; Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot, Israel. Fax: 972-8-9410461.
Background: The reasons for the different behavior of the AIDS epidemic in Africa are not clear. They have been ascribed to differences in HIV structure and virulence or could be the result of environmental and host factors. The recent immigration to Israel of Ethiopians (ET), with a high prevalence of HIV-1 type C inf
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Tu.A.2009)
Villegas H, Gorbea MC, Paredes Y, Flores E, Karchmer S; National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico. Fax: 540-28-33.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantify morphologically the benefits of maternal zidovudine ( AZT ) and didanocine (ddl) administration compared with a group without treatment. Ultrastructural analysis centered on evaluating the response of Hofbauer cells and the presence of viral particles.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Tu.A.2010)
Sizyakina LP, Shemshura AB, Orlova VM; Rostov State Medical University, Rostov on Don, Russia. Fax: 07-8632-560311.
Objective: In some cases at HIV-infected children we can observe fast progressive course of the infectious disease, in others-slower course and relatively favourable. This problem remains actual at present. Methods: In this connection we examined 75 HIV-infected children aged from 1 to 14. Depending upon the duration o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Tu.A.2011)
Broersen SM, Conley S, Nara P, Schuitemaker H; Dept. of Clinical Viro-Immunology, Central Lab, Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service and Lab for Exp. & Clin. Immunology of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: +31 20 512 3310.
Objectives: Primary but not T-cell line passaged viruses are resistant to neutralization by HIV specific antibodies and soluble CD4 (sCD4). Chimpanzees worldwide have been inoculated with T-cell line passaged neutralization sensitive HIV strains. The lack of disease progression in these animals therefore could be artif
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Tu.A.2012)
Ng TT, Kanner S, Humphries M, Nye K, Anderson J, Khoo S, Morrow WJ; Dept. Immunol, Little Britain, London. Fax: (44) 171-606-0845. E-mail: t.ng@mds.qmw.ac.uk.
Background/Rationale: beta1-integrin engagement has been shown to rescue various cell types from undergoing apoptosis. Activation-induced T-cell apoptosis constitutes an important pathogenetic mechanism in HIV infection. We compared the integrin-triggered cell survival signal and associated pathways in healthy donor T
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Tu.A.2013)
Shapshak P, Bradley W, McCoy C, Goodkin K, Yoshioka M, Nagano I, Crandall K, Xin KQ, Fujimura R, Delgado S, Stewart R, Matthews A, Zhang B, Yang J; U of Miami Med School, Miami, FL. Fax: 305-243-4772. E-mail: pshapsha2@mednet.med.miami.edu.
Objectives. To determine if: HIV-1 infection and host toxic factors are associated with central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) disease; the macrophage is central to neuropathology as the site of preponderant virus load and as the source of toxic factors; drug abuse increases risk for neurologi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Tu.A.2014)
Grovit-Ferbas K, Ferbas J, Parekh A, Sadeghi S, Kaplan A, Giorgi J, O'Brien WA; UCLA, VAMC WLA, Los Angeles, CA. Fax: (310) 478-4538. E-mail: kferbas@ucla.edu.
Objectives: HIV-1 phenotypes associated with enhanced replication have been linked with rapid clinical progression, and these phenotypes have largely mapped to the HIV-1 envelope (env). To determine whether long-term survival of HIV-1 infection can be attributed to infection with a relatively avirulent strain, we have
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Tu.A.2015)
Hoffmann GW; Immune Network Research Ltd., Vancouver, Canada. Fax: 604-222-6645.
An idiotypic network model of AIDS pathogenesis has been formulated in which the T cell receptor plays a role both in infection and as a target of autoimmunity (Scand. J. Immunol., 41, 331-337, 1995). In the model HIV-specific T cells are preferentially infected, and HIV, acting as an antigen, both stimulates and infec
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Tu.A.2016)
Martin DJ, Morris L, Gray CM, Lyons SF, Murray J, Sonnenberg P; National Institute for Virology, Sandringham, South Africa. Fax: +2711 882-0596. E-mail: desm@niv.ac.za.
Objectives: To describe structural and functional changes in a lymph node during acute primary HIV-1 infection. Methods: A patient presented with an acute illness associated with significant diffuse generalised lymphadenopathy. Diagnostic work up was negative for an aetiological diagnosis. A biopsy of a chest wall lymp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Tu.A.2017)
Te Velde LF, Batenburg EM, Haanen C, Vermes I, Ten Napel CH; Medisch Spectrum Hospital, Enschede, Netherlands. Fax: 31 53 4073005.
Objective: To determine apoptotic cell death in circulating lymphocytes of HIV-infected patients in comparance with levels in healthy controls. Methods: Apoptosis of lymphocytes was measured ex-vivo with a flowcytometric assay probing for expression of phosphatidylserine (PDS) with Annexin-V. The exposure of phosphatid
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Tu.A.2018)
Fujimura RK, Epler M, Goodkin K, Meinz S, Gonzalez J, Shapshak P; University of Miami, School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. Fax: 305-243-5550. E-mail: rfujimur@newssun.med.miami.edu.
Objectives: To establish association of elevated HIV DNA load with HIV associated dementia in areas of the brain involved in cognitive motor function Methods: 1) A retrospective, post-mortem psychiatric autopsy specific for cognitive-motor disorder is standardized, and it was used to diagnose HIV associated dementia. 2
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Tu.A.2019)
Whitaker R; Prime Directive Consulting, Guerneville, CA, USA.
Issues: The prevailing paradigm of AIDS s pathogenesis, called the virological hypothesis, argues that viral attributes such as cytopathicity, replicability, syncytiality, cell tropism, emergent virulence, and viral load are sufficient to explain the pathogenesis of AIDS. However, other hypotheses have been proposed, s
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Tu.A.2020)
Kordium VA, Boschenko Y, Irodov D, Antonenko S, Tchentsova N; Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kiev, Ukraine. Fax: +380-44-2660759. E-mail: irodov@genether.kiev.ua.
As result of unique circumstances in Ukraine there are conditions which render the strong negative pressure on the immune system of population. Therefore, both infection with HIV and AIDS manifestation occur in already immunedeficient organisms. It is necessary to know the HIV peculiarities circulating in the gr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Tu.A.2023)
Phipps DJ, Read SE, Mills GB, Branch DR; The Toronto Hospital(Western Division), Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: (416) 603-5745.
Objective: We examined the effect of HIV infection on protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity to determine if PTK activity could contribute to the HIV-related chronic immune system activation observed in patients infected with HIV. Methods: Jurkat, a CD4 positive T lymphocyte cell line was infected with HIV IIIB. Kinase
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Tu.A.2024)
Xu Yingdong CB, Montaner JS, Shaughnessy MV; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Fax: (604)631-5527. E-mail: yingxu@hivnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To continue our studies of the effects of gamma radiation on HIV replication in vitro. Materials and Methods: CD4 and CD8 cells from seronegative donors were separated by cell sorting using colloidal superparamagnetic microbeads conjugated with monoclonal anti human CD4 and anti human CD8 antibodies (MACS, M
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Tu.A.2026)
Blanco J, Marie I, Callebaut C, Jacotot E, Krust B, Hovanessian AG; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 4061 3012. E-mail: jblanco@pasteur.fr.
Objective: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and HIV-1 transactivator protein Tat have been reported to bind to human CD26. We investigated the specificity of Tat and ADA binding to human CD26 expressed on the surface of murine cells. Methods: In order to demonstrate the specificity of such binding under native conditions of C
Integrins are a family of adhesion molecules which mediate both cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. These interactions play a critical role in T cell recognition of foreign antigens and in T cell migration into solid organs. HIV infection may alter integrin expression on CD4+ T cells, the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Tu.A.2028)
Leschonsky B, Peintner E, Fitzon T, Wolf H, Harrer T, Wagner R; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Regensburg, Germany. Fax: +49-941-944-6402. E-mail: Bernd.Leschonsky@klinik.uni-regensburg.de.
Objective: To examine a possible coherence between the control of an HIV-infection through the cell-mediated immune response of a long term nonprogressor and the functional preservation of highly conserved domains. Methods: site-directed mutagenesis, recombinant HIV-proviral constructs, p24-capture assay To prove this
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Tu.A.2029)
Prohaszka Z, Prohasz J, Hidvegi T, Tegi FD, Szabe J, Ujhelyi E, Thielens N, Dierich MP, Kiss J, Arlaud G, Fust G; National Institute of Haematology, Blood Transfusion and Immunology, Budapest, Hungary. Fax: 361 209 23 10. E-mail: prohoz@bkt.sote.hu.
Objective: To study the mechanism of the complement-dependent enhancement (CDE) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that may play a significant role in the progression of HIV-disease. Methods: In vitro complement activating and complement-dependent HIV-infection enhancing abilities of three human anti-gp41
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Tu.A.2030)
Rizzardi GP, Shattock R, Fain C, Zecca B, Dalgleish A, Barcellini W; University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Fax: 02-5519-2842. E-mail: milancam@imiucca.csi.unimi.it.
Objective: To investigate the effect of IL-13 on HIV-1 expression in some models of latent HIV infection, and its co-operation with proinflammatory cytokines. Methods: HIV-1 infected promyelocytic OM10.1 and promonocytic Ul cells were maintained in complete culture medium in log phase of growth, and then plated in 96-w
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Tu.A.2031)
Savarino A, Pugliese A, Malavasi F, Pescarmona GP; University of Turin, Italy.
Objective. To assess whether the lack of CD38 and its catalytic activity may be responsible for cell death from HIV-1 in MT-4 cells. Results on some selected T-cell lines indicated that cellular death from HIV-1 is inversely proportional to the expression of CD38, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of extracellular NAD int
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Tu.A.2032)
Rivabene R, Varano B, Gessani S, Conti L, Rainaldi G, Giammarioli AM, Belardelli F, Donelli G, Malorni W; Department of Ultrastructures and Virology, Rome, Italy. Fax: ++396/4957634.
The existence of a significant relationship between oxidative stress-associated apoptosis and the increase of viral progeny has been previously demonstrated in HIV-chronically infected U937 cells. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that both phenomena can be modulated by using some antioxidants, such as N-acetylcystein
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Tu.A.2033)
Fujii Y, Otake K, Tashiro M, Adachi A; Department of Virology, Tokushima University School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan. Fax: 0886-33-7080.
Objective: To clarify the function of nef gene product regarding pathogenesis of AIDS and to describe molecular cloning of Nef receptor. Methods: MOLT-4 clone no.8 T cells were used for cytotoxic assay by flow cytometry and for isolation of Nef receptor protein. Anti-Nef receptor mAbs were newly prepared for inhibition
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Tu.A.2034)
Takahashi I, Takama M, Ozel M, Gelderblom H, Ladhoff AM; Cent. Lab. EM. Teikyo Univ. Sch. Med., Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 81-3-3961-2527.
Objective:To reveal the ultrastructure and role of the fibrous structures existed in HIV particles. Methods: HIV-1 particles were obtained from HIV-producing H9-clones and a HT-lymphocyte line. Saponin-/no saponin-treated samples were fixed. Negative stained samples were stereo -observed by a transmission electron micr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Tu.A.2035)
Nozaki-Renard J, Amano E, Hirabuki N, Mizuno F, Tada T; Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical College, Tokyo, Japan. Fax 81-3-5379-6303.
Objective: Normal human serum (NHS), the environment of HIV-targeted cells, must be a focal point for understanding the mechanism of HIV infection. We already reported that the survival of infected cells was possible in the presence of NHS by the synergic action of complement factor B and of a heat-labile cofactor. As
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Tu.A.2036)
AL-Jabri AA, Mcloskey D, Taylor M, Sefton A, Bottazzo GF, Oxford JS; Academic Virology, Whitechapel, London, U.K. Fax: 0171-3752597.
In order to determine, in vitro, whether a correlation exists between HLA class I and II alleles and susceptibility or resistance to HIV-1 and 2 infection, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 130 healthy Bangladeshis living in East London were studied. PBMCs were infected with 4 different isolates of HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Tu.A.2037)
Dyachenko NS, Rybalko S, Hritsak T, Povnitsa O, Nesterova N, Dyadyun S; Inst. of Microbiol. & Virol., Nat. Acad. Sci. of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine. Fax: +(044) 266 23 79.
Objective: To study the interaction of HIV, Ad and EBV upon mixed infection in lymphoblast cells. Methods: Titers HIV infectivity were determined in 5-day lysates of studied cells by p24 levels. The levels of p24 HIV (HIV monoclonal Abbott ), Ad hexon and EBV capside protein were defined using ELISA. Activity of revers
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Tu.A.2038)
McDonald JM, Pan G, Zhou T, Mountz J, Radding W, Saag M; The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Dept. of Pathology, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Fax: 205-975-9927. E-mail: McDonald@WP.PATH.UAB.EDU.
Objective: To determine the effect of calmodulin antagonists on in vitro spontaneous apoptosis of CD4+ cells from HIV-infected individuals. Increased apoptosis of T cells from HIV-infected individuals may play a role in the pathogenesis of the depletion of CD4+ T cells in AIDS. We have demonstrated that calmodulin is i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Tu.A.2039)
Virk A, Badley AD, Paya CV; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Fax: 507-284-3757.
Objective: Apoptosis of CD4 T cells plays an important role in AIDS pathogenesis. Accumulating data indicates that CD4 T cells from HIV-infected individuals are inherently susceptible to apoptosis. However, the mechanisms regulating susceptibility to apoptosis remain unknown. Bcl-2 and bcl-XL have been demonstrated to
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Tu.A.2040)
Garry RF, Voss T, Gatti P, Fermin C; Dept. Micro/Immunol, Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Fax: 504-588-5144. E-mail: rgarry@tmcpop.tmc.tulane.edu.
Objective: Infection of CD4+ T-lymphoblastoid cells by cytopathic strains of HIV-1 results in an increase in cell volume that leads to lysis and cell death. The increase in cell volume is attributable in part to an HIV-induced increase in activity of the plasma membrane-associated Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter. The objecti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Tu.A.2041)
Nardelli B, Gonzalez CJ, Valentine FT; New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Objective: To examine the possible role of syncytia-formation in the rapid killing of uninfected CD4+ lymphocytes. Methods and Background: We have demonstrated (PNAS 92:7312, 95) that cells productively infected with HIV are able to trigger the rapid death by apoptosis of a larger number of resting as well as activated
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Tu.A.2042)
Ostrowski M, Stanley S, Justement J, Gantt K, Goletti D, Fauci AS; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: (301) 402-4122.
Objective: To delineate the role of in-vivo immunization with a common recall antigen on in-vitro antigen specific isolation of HIV from seropositive individuals. Methods: HIV-infected individuals were immunized with tetanus toxoid. Blood was drawn at multiple time points after immunization and unfractionated or CD8 de
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Tu.A.2043)
Chelucci C, Federico M, Guerriero R, Pelosi E, Testa U, Hassan HJ, Peschle C; Dept. Of Hematology and Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy. Fax: 0039-6-4440050.
Objective: To study the effect of HIV-1 on human megakaryocytopoiesis. Methods: CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), 90% purified from human peripheral blood (PB) were grown in serum-free liquid suspension culture in the presence of thrombopoietin (TPO) to induce terminal MK differentiation/maturation. PB HPCs
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Tu.A.2044)
Toniolo A, Conaldi PG, Biancone L, Mossa A, De Martino A, Falcone V, Serra1 CC, Camassi G; Dept. Clinical & Biol. Sci., University of Pavia, Varese, Italy.
Objective: Renal damage in HIV infection is characterized by mesangial proliferation, increased mesangial matrix, glomerulosclerosis, and tubulo-interstitial injury. It is controversial whether these lesions are a direct consequence of HIV replication in renal cells, or secondary to systemic changes associated with vir
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Tu.A.2045)
Lai D, Flamand L, Gallo RC, Reitz M; University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-706-8184.
Objective: Activation of latently infected T cells can induce expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). T cell activation involves a variety of mechanisms involving signaling from the cell surface, and the precise relationship of these signaling pathways with HIV-1 expression is incompletely understood
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Tu.A.2046)
Zella D, Riva A, Abimiku A, Cara A, Secchiero P, Crowley R, Thornton A, Tuscano J, Reitz MS Jr; LTCB, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-496-8394.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between HIV-1 replication and cellular activation in response to minimal stimulation. Methods: PBMCs from asymptomatic HIV-1 seropositive subjects, progressor (P) with low CD4+ T-cell count (below 500 cells/cubic mm) and non-progressor (NP), infected for more than 7 years but
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Tu.A.2047)
Willems B, Nyambi PN, Nkengasong J, Janssens W, Fransen K, Peeters M, Heyndrickx L, Ndumbe P, Van der Groen G; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium. Fax: 32 3 247 63 33.
Objective: To study the sensitivity to neutralization of inter-subtype recombinant (ISR) and non-recombinant (NR) HIV-1 viruses to their homologous and heterologous sera, and compare their biological properties. Methods: The env and gag genes of 20 primary HIV-1 isolates were sequenced and phylogenetically classified a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Tu.A.2048)
Noa E, Lobaina L, Diaz H, Dubed M, Vilarrubia OL, Navea L, Izquierdo M; Laboratorio de Investigaciones del SIDA, Cuba.
Objective: To study the relationship between HIV isolates from whole blood drawn from HIV seropositive individuals and antiviral treatment. Method: 40 HIV seropositive individuals were examined, 26 were asymptomatic, and 14 were in the AIDS stage. 16 individuals from the first group, and 10 from the second had received
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Tu.A.2049)
Canque B, Rosenwzajg M, Camus S, Yagello M, Bonnet ML, Guigon M, Gluckman JC; Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CERVI, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 42 17 74 41.
Objectives. Culture of CD34+ cells with SCF + GM-CSF + TNF-alpha led to the appearance of a major population of nonadherent CD 13 hi lin- cell in 4-5 days. CD1a+ DC, which increased from less than 5% at that time to 30 plus or minus 24% on day 12, differentiated from this population that also comprised macrophage (MA)
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:274 (abstract no. Tu.A.2051)
Dalgleish AG, Sheikh MJ, Brown L, Souberbielle B, Westby M, Marriott JB, Sidebottom D, Austen B; St. George's Hospital Medical School, London.
Objective: To determine if the HLA-like sequences and structural area of similarity in the HIV genome are of functional relevance in the pathogenesis of AIDS. Methods: Direct binding of peptides to soluble gp 120, HLA Class I and Class II, transfection of HLA negative cells to determine if HIV can present peptides. HLA
Background: In a previous study of 24 HIV-1 infected patients from Rosario, Argentina , we have reported the presence of HIV-1 subtypes B and F, which are also present in Brazil . Objective: To increase the number of patients genotyped in our region in order to know the real prevalence of the different HIV-1 subtypes.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:274 (abstract no. Tu.A.2053)
Galvao-Castro B; The Brazilian HIV Isolation and Characterization Network. Fax: 5571 359-2255. E-mail: fiocruz@ufba.br.
Objective: In Brazil , through an evaluation of 235 samples, three different subtypes of HIV-1 have been found: B(88.5%); F(8.8%) and C(1.8%). Two samples (0.9%) were shown to be a recombinant between subtypes B and F. Important genetic and antigenic differences were observed between the Brazilian strains and the proto
Objectives: To assess HIV-1 subtypes prevalent among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil , and HIV-1 & HTLV-I/II seroprevalences and co-infection. Methods: As of January, 17 65 IDUs were interviewed and bleed after informed consent, as part of an ongoing cooperative research between the Dept. of I
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:274 (abstract no. Tu.A.2055)
Jurado A, Rahimi-Moghaddam P, Bar-Jurado S, Jurado M; AIDS Program, Dept. of Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK. Fax: (306) 966-4311.
Preamble: Cognitive Motor Complex (CMC) presents in about 30% of patients with HIV/AIDS. Neurotropism, signatures, disturbances of cytokine network, calcium imbalance, and toxic effects of HIV-1 proteins are evoked for explaining the CNS pathology. Previous studies suggest that, although there is no clear difference be
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:275 (abstract no. Tu.A.2056)
Merzouki A, Estable MC, Acel A, Moniz DE, Montaner JS, Mandy F, Arella M; Institut Armand Frappier, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (514) 686-5626. E-mail: max_arella@iaf.uquebec.ca.
Objective: To study the relationship between ADCC activity, ADCC epitope sequences, infection stage, CD4+ cell counts, HIV-1 mRNA levels in PBMC and the predicted biological phenotype of the virus. Methods: CEM NKR cell clones expressing the HIV-1 NL4.3 gp120/160 were used as targets to monitor HIV-1 specific ADCC acti
Objective: To analyze the DNA variability of the C2-V3 region of gp120 in Cuban HIV-1 infected individuals. Methods: Total DNA was extracted from PBMC of six seropositive individuals and PBMC infected with a primary isolate from other patient. The C2-V3 region of the gp120 was amplified using nested PCR with different
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:275 (abstract no. Tu.A.2058)
Liitsola K, Laukkanen T, Salminen M, Leinikki P; National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland. Fax: 358 0 474 4461. E-mail: pauli.leinikki@ktl.fi.
Objective: To determine the genetic subtypes of HIV-1 and to analyse phylogenetic relationships of viruses from Finland , the Baltic Countries and Russia . Methods: Proviral sequences from the nucleocapsid coding region were amplified and directly sequenced from 95 Finnish, 11 Estonian, 10 Latvian, 6 Lithuania
Rationale and Objective: Elevated seroprevalence rates have been reported in the four African green monkey (AGMs) subspecies and each subspecies is infected by SIVagm strains exhibiting limited identity. Moreover, genetic diversity within the viruses infecting each AGM subspecies is much more important to that observed
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:275 (abstract no. Tu.A.2060)
Lasky M, Perret JL, Peeters M, Bibollet-Ruche F, Dormont D, Liegeois F, Patrel D, Gras C, Delaporte E; Laboratoire Retrovirus, Montpellier, France. Fax: 33 547800 cdx 1.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of the genetic subtype on the natural history of HIV-1 infection. Materials and Methods: Caucasian patients infected oversea, mainly in Africa or Asia attending the Laveran Hospital in Marseille were included in the study. For all these patients the year and the country of infection ar
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Tu.A.2061)
Schneider V, Marechal V, Fritsch L, Delphin N, Jacomet C, Coppey J, Rozenbaum W, Nicolas JC; Lab Microbio. Hop. Rothschild, Paris, France. Fax: 40 19 33 35. E-mail: nicolaj@bisance.citi2.fr.
Objective: To analyse the genetic variability in the C2-V3 locus of HIV strain isolated from an infected person at a given time of the infectious process. Methods: We have settled a biological cloning technic allowing to purify viable viruses from cultured lymphocytes. The genotype of each obtained clone (arising from
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Tu.A.2062)
Gurtler L, Zekeng L, Eberle J, von Brunn A, Kaptue L; University of Munchen, Munchen, Germany. Fax: 49-89-538 0584.
Objective: To analyze the mutation rate of HIV-O strains in patients during follow up Material and Methods: From two Cameroonian patients in two bleedings after 3 and 18 months, respectively, the HIV could be isolated by PHA stimulation of PBLs. The virus was propagated on PBL and HUT-78 cells, DNA extracted and the V3
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Tu.A.2063)
Meyerhans A, Nieselt-Struwe K, Plikat U; University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Fax: 49-761-203-6639. E-mail: Andreas@sun1.ukl.uni-freiburg.de.
Objective: To evaluate the relative importance of selection during intrapatient HIV quasispecies evolution. Methods: The proportions of synonymous (s) and non synonymous (ns) substitutions of the nef gene of HIV-1 were determined on the basis of the phylogenic relationship of intrapatient HIV variants that accumulated
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Tu.A.2064)
Giraldo G, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Del Gaudio E, Beth-Giraldo E, Wagner R, Wolf H, Biryahwaho B, Downing R, Sempala SD; University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Fax: +39-81-545.1276.
Objectives: To design a vaccine against HIV-1 using the promising Virus Like Particles (VLPs) approach based on gag particles, carrying additional B and T cells epitopes, derived from HIV-1 strains isolated in Uganda , a country with high HIV-1 incidence. Methods: Heteroduplex Mobility Assay (HMA) performed on amplifie
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Tu.A.2065)
Ellenberger D, Luo CC, Pieniazek D, Maurice C, Nkengasong J, Janini L, Ramos A, Coulibaly IM, Wiktor SZ, Greenberg AE; Ist Naz Tumori "Fond Pascale", Naples, Italy. Fax: (225) 24-29-69.
Objective: To determine the genetic subtypes of HIV-1 strains present in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire , using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 109 HIV-1 seropositive individuals in Abidjan, including 89
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Tu.A.2066)
Shioda T, Oka S, Xin X, Liu H, Harukuni R, Fukushima M, Kurotani A, Hasan MK, Toriyoshi H, Iwamoto A, Nagai Y; Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: +81-3-5449-5409.
Objective: To examine sequence changes in the V2 and V3 loops of gp120 during the course of infection and to learn whether a particular sequence feature is associated with any particular feature of disease progression. Methods: The quasispecies structures of plasma HIV-1 from 23 infected individuals with various diseas
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Tu.A.2067)
Sato H, Taniguchi K, Tomita Y, Miyakuni T, Foongladda S, Wasi C, Takebe Y; AIDS Research Center, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: (81)-3-5285-1177. E-mail: hirosato@nih.go.jp.
Objective: Genetic characterization of HIV-1 subtype E strains undergoing person-to-person transmission and persistent infection. Methods: We determined envelope C2/V3 nucleotide sequences (324bp) of HIV-1 subtype E proviral DNAs derived from an epidemiologically-linked intrafamilial infection case in Ja
Objects: Extensive heterogeneity of HIV is a major issue of HIV vaccine development. The ideal HIV vaccine should cover all HIV subtypes and most of HIV isolates. In this abstract, we report highly divergent env sequences of HIV-1 B subtype derived from patient A from Miami, Florida, and dual HIV-1 B and E subtypes inf
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Tu.A.2069)
Kato S, Hiraishi Y, Sugita T, Asakawa M, Hanabusa H, Takano T; Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 03-5360-1508.
Objective: To investigate the genetic differences between HIV-1 populations in plasma and in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) and between infectious and whole HIV-1 populations. Methods: Plasma and PBMC were obtained from three HIV-1-positive patients A, B, and C. HIV-1 RNA in plasma and HIV-1 DNA in PBMC were clona
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Tu.A.2070)
Vazquez-Valls E, Cheingsong-Popov R, Sierra-Quevedo JJ, Lister S, Lopez-Marquez F, Weber J, Zuniga-Gonzalez L, Campos-Lopez P, Esparza J; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara, Mexico. Fax: (523) 8241122.
Objective: To identify HIV-1 subtypes circulating in the west of Mexico . Methods: Thirty HIV-1 infected subjects were enrolled in this study in Guadalajara, Mexico between 1994-95 with full consent. A confidential questionnaire was given to the studied subjects in order to obtain epidemiological data on sex, age, sexu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Tu.A.2071)
Gudino JC, Martinez F, Alcantara P, Soler C; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Santo Tomas, Mexico. Fax: 3413264. E-mail: csoler@servidor.unam.mx.
Objectives. To define the genotype of Mexican HIV-1 isolated during 89-93. Methods. Nested PCR amplification reactions were carried out with the Heteroduplex Mobility Analysis HIV-1 env Subtyping Kit provided by the NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program. Three different DNA fragments (1,2 kb; 0.7 kb and 0.5 k
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Tu.A.2072)
Holm-Hansen C, Rustad S, Pascu R, Negut E, Asjo B; Centre for International Health, Bergen, Norway. Fax: 47 55974979. E-mail: carol.holm - hansen@cih.uib.no.
Objective: To characterize HIV - 1 isolates obtained from orphans in Romania 2 years after the 1993 baseline study and to identify HIV - 1 subtypes in Romanian adults. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were separated from EDTA treated whole blood within 48 hours after collection from 29 surviving orpha
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Tu.A.2073)
Azevedo-Pereira JM, Goncalves J, Vital J, Vieira A, Santos-Ferreira MO, Moniz-Pereira J; University of Lisbon, Portugal. Fax: 351.1.7934212.
Objectives: HIV-2ALI is a primary HIV-2 isolate, recovered from an individual from Guinea-Bissau . Biological characterization revealed that HIV-2ALI is a non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) isolate, incapable to productively infects any T-cell line, and with a low infectivity in vitro due to some problems at virus entry. In
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Tu.A.2074)
Van't Wout AB, Ran LJ, Kootstra NA, Pals ST, Schuitemaker H; Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfer Service/Laboratory for Experimental and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: +31 20 512 3310.
Objectives: To gain a better insight into the temporal relationship between HIV-1 quasispecies in tissues and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of HIV-1 infected individuals. Methods: Sequential PBMC samples and various organs obtained at autopsy from 3 patients, who died of AIDS related complications, were
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Tu.A.2075)
Lukashov VV, Goudsmit J; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-6916531.
In the course of the AIDS epidemic population-wide genetic variation of the gp 120 V3 region of HIV-1 subtype B was shown to increase, while its consensus sequence is stable over time (Kuiken et al: PNAS, 1993, 90:9061). These observations prompted us to investigate the biological significance of HIV-1 subtypes and the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Tu.A.2076)
Ait-Khaled M, Crandall KA, Templeton AR, Emery VC; University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fax: 0171 830 2854. E-mail: mak@rfhsm.ac.uk.
Objectives: To investigate the phylogenetic relationship between HIV-1 LTR proviral variants isolated from lymph node biopsies and peripheral blood samples obtained at the time of biopsy and subsequent to that time in 4 HIV-1 infected individuals. For one individual, post-mortem samples were also available. To investig
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Tu.A.2077)
McCutchan FE, Salminen MO, Carr JK, Hahn BH, Robertson DL, Sharp PM, Burke DS; Henry M Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 301-762-7460. E-mail: fmccutchan@HIV.hjf.org.
Introduction: Inter-genotypic recombinants of HIV-1 are known to arise at appreciable frequency in the global pandemic and may be of epidemiological importance: an A/E recombinant strain is largely responsible for the HIV-1 epidemic in Southeast Asia. Complete genomic sequence has been unavailable for most recombinant
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Tu.A.2078)
Kalish ML, Wiener P, Nesheim S, Lee F, Meadows L, Grimes V, Sawyer M, Baldwin A, Rapier J, Simonds RJ, Schochetman G, Nahmias A; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-2660. E-mail: mlk3@CIDDAS.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: To characterize the extent of genetic variation in a large population of babies born to high risk, HIV-positive mothers. Methods: A sampling of 94 HIV-positive babies, born to HIV-infected mothers enrolled in a perinatal transmission study, were selected for study. DNA were amplified using a nested PCR, and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Tu.A.2080)
Shankarappa R, Gupta P, Rinaldo CR, Margolick J, Mullins JI; University of Washington School of Medicine, Dept of Microbiology, Seattle, WA.
Objective: Following infection with HIV-1, some infected individuals exhibit long periods of stable CD4+ T lymphocyte cell levels followed by an inflection and rapid decline. These individuals represent an important group for study of virus-host interactions since the balance changes from a relatively stable standoff o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Tu.A.2081)
Soto-Ramirez LE, Renjifo B, Marlink R, Essex M; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: (617) 739-8348.
While most of the AIDS cases in Mexico are related to homosexual transmission of HIV-1, an increased number of cases in women are attributed to heterosexual transmission. Despite reports of non-B HIV-1 subtypes in Central America related to heterosexual transmission, subtyping of HIV viruses has not been described in M
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Tu.A.2082)
Casseb J, Hong M, Gonsalez C, Duarte A, Hendry RM; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. Fax: 510 540 3305.
Objective: Brazil has reported the fourth highest number of AIDS cases in the world. Sao Paulo State represents 56% of all cases reported over 15 years. There are at least three different HIV-1 subtypes co-circulating in Brazil (B, F and C), with subtype B predominating. Recently, it was reported that two genetically a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Tu.A.2083)
Bayon-Auboyer MH, Boussin FD, Le Grand R, Birraux G, Dormont D; CEA, DRM, SSA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
Objective: To investigate the virological consequences of a nonspecific stimulation of the immune system in healthy but persistently HIV-2-infected macaques. Method: Four macaques were involved in this study. They have been infected by HIV-2 SBL6669/H5 for more than 4 years, and they had a low viral load in their perip
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Tu.A.2084)
Lee JS, Kang C, Lee HR, Nam JG, Kim SH, Cho YS, Maeng SH, Shin YO; Center for AIDS Research, Department of Virology, NIH, Seoul, Korea. Fax: 82-2-382-6542.
Objective: Molecular epidemiology of AIDS is a hot issue because molecular sequence data can be used to complement epidemiologic information in transmission studies, and to develope an effective vaccine against HIV. Methods: DNA samples were derived from HIV-1 isolates in Korea. Some of those HIV-1 isolates were propag
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Tu.A.2085)
Janssens W, Heyndrickx L, Alary M, Nkengasong J, Fransen K, Willems B, Baganizi E, Joly J, Guedeme A, Davo N, van der Groen G; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium. Fax: 32(3)2476333.
Objective: To study the genetic diversity of HIV-1 strains circulating in Cotonou, Benin in 1993-1994. Materials and Methods: From 21 HIV-1 seropositive Ghanese and Togolese prostitutes living in Cotonou, Benin, the env C2V3 region (300bp) was amplified from serum by RT-PCR, directly sequenced and phylogenetically anal
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Tu.A.2086)
Heyndrickx L, Janssens W, Fransen K, Nkengasong J, Vereecken K, Loussert-Ajaka I, Gurtler L, van der Groen G; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium. Fax: 32 3 247 63 33.
Objective: To develop a specific diagnostic tool to monitor an HIV-1 group O infection. Material and Methods: Over all, 79 isolates including 23 HIV-1 group O, 2 SIVcpz, and 54 HIV-1 group M (subtypes A-H) viruses were analysed, by using highly sensitive (93%) and specific (100%) diagnostic primers in the pol gene for
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Tu.A.2087)
Rolo F, Blanco M, Lobaina L, Cassol S, Balotta C, Gomez C, Duarte C, Martin Z, Galli M, Machado F, O'Shaugnessy M; Lab. de Investigaciones del SIDA, Habana, Cuba. Fax: 537 331682.
Objective: To identify the HIV-1 C2V3 region sequences in Cuban patients. Methods: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from six young people who were infected in Cuba, were lysed, the DNA was obtained and further amplified in two different laboratories by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using different
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Tu.A.2088)
Massetti AP, Ercoli L, Galati V, Nicastri E, d'Ettorre G, Ciapetti C, Marchese R, Vullo V, Andreoni M; Dept. Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39 6 4453760.
Objective: To evaluate virological and immunological parameters which might influence HIV progression. Methods: The study was performed on 35 patients with CD4 cell count less than 250/mmc, showing a different progression rate during a follow up of greater than 2 years: 18 patients remained clinically and immunological
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Tu.A.2092)
Emeljanov A, Malykh A, Barabitskaya O, Farzadegan H, Reitz MC, Kozlov A; Institute of Pure Biochemicals, St.Petersburg, Russia. Fax: 7-(812)-230-4948. E-mail: HIVAIDS@mod.hpb.spb.ru.
Objectives: To study whether structural peculiarities of HIV exist at the early stage of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Russia Methods: An approach of nested PCR with multiple pairs of primers was used to amplify and sequence env-specific fragments from HIV-infected patients at the early stages of infection (CDC: IIIA-IIB). Resu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Tu.A.2093)
Soriano V, Garcia-Lerma G, Mas A, Gutierrez M, Bravo R, Heredia A, Perez-Labad ML, Hewlett I, Domingo E, Gonzalez-Lahoz J; Service Infectious Diseases, Madrid, Spain. Fax: 7336614.
Introduction: HIV-1 group O was first isolated in 1987. It has distinct serological behaviour in that some licensed HIV antibody screening assays failed to detect some individuals infected with this strain. Most infections with HIV-1 group O strains have been reported among people from Cameroon ,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Tu.A.2095)
Grebenjuk VA, Anoprienko O, Marichev I, Kavsan V; CIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid. Fax: +380-44-2663498. E-mail: kavsan@imbig.kiev.ua.
Objective: To determine the extent of HIV-1 strains heterogeneity in Ukraine . Methods: Blood samples were collected from four (n=4) HIV-1 seropositive male residents of Ukraine. Two of them are presumed to be infected through heterosexsual contact and other two through homosexual contact. All individuals were first te
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Tu.A.2096)
Essajee SM, Pollack H, Rochford G, Oransky I, Krasinski K, Borkowsky W; Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, New York University Medical Center, New York, USA. Fax: (212) 263 7806. E-mail: essajs01@gcrc.med.nyu.edu.
Objective: Most individuals infected with HIV harbor not one but several different genotypes of the virus. Studies in adults have established a correlation between greater viral diversity and longer survival. Similar data does not exist for the pediatric population. Our aim was to characterize the evolution of HIV-1 qu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Tu.A.2098)
Yao FL, Cao SX, Cates G, James O, Chong P, Persson R, Matthews T, Klein M, Rovinski B; Connaught Laboratories Ltd., Ontario, Canada. Fax: (416) 667-2740.
Objective: To engineer antigenically-marked HIV-1-like particles which permit immunological distinction between vaccination and HIV-1 infection. Methods: An inducible, human metallothionein-based expression vector capable of producing HIV-1-like particles with chimeric gp120MN/gp41LAI envelope glycoproteins was mutagen
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Tu.A.2099)
Ota A, Watanabe M, Shang J, Nakanishi M, Ueda S; Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. Fax: 06-875-1170. E-mail: ota@biken.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Objective: We found antibodies in serum samples of a HIV-1 carrier that cross-reacted with env V3 loop and p17 peptides of HIV-1. Among monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against p17, some cross-reacted with env V3 loop. To confirm this phenomenon, we examined newly obtained mAbs against p17 for their cross-reactivity with e
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Tu.A.2100)
Tsuji T, Hamajima K, Ishii N, Asakura Y, Tani K, Sasaki S, Bukawa H, Fukushima J, Okuda K; Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 81-45-787-2509.
Objective: To determine whether TCA3 and interleukin (IL) -12 expression plasmids have adjuvant activities on HIV-1 specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI) induced by our candidate HIV-1 DNA vaccine. Methods: TCA3 or IL-12 expression plasmid was coinoculated with HIV-1IIIB gp160 expresion plasmid (hereafter DNA vaccine)
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Tu.A.2101)
Pinter A, Honnen WJ, Wu Z, Troshev O, Kayman SC; Public Health Research Institute, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 578-0804. E-mail: pinter@phri.nyu.edu.
Objective: To identify epitopes in the HIV-1 envelope proteins that mediate potent neutralization of primary, macrophage-tropic (M-tropic) viruses by antibodies present in some human sera. Methods: We have identified human sera with potent neutralizing activities for a number of M-tropic isolates. These sera contain cr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Tu.A.2102)
Walker MC, McNamara J, Schultz A, Vogel F, Bradac J, Sawyer L, Miller N, Glass M, Savarese B, Wescott S, Flores J, Lawrence D, Grabowsky M, Fast P; CDB/DAIDS/NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Objective: To encourage and support the development of a safe and effective AIDS vaccine(s) through basic and applied research, including testing in animals and humans, is a major goal of the NIAID Vaccine and Prevention Research Program (VPRP). Methods: The correlate(s) of immune protection against HIV-1 are unknown.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Tu.A.2104)
Menendez A, Montero M, Quintana D, Gomez C, Navea L, Vilarubia O, Carpio E, Hayes O, Duarte C; CIGB, Havana, Cuba. Fax: 53-7-336008. E-mail: guillen @ingen.Cigb.edu.cu.
Objective: To generate Multi-Epitope Polypeptides (MEPs) carrying different number of V3 regions and to compare the antibody response induced by these proteins in rabbits and mice. Methods: The MEPs TAB9 and TAB13, expressing 15 amino acids of the V3 loop from different HIV-1 isolates were constructed. TAB9 included st
Objective: To study assembly and immunogenicity of recombinant HIV1 gag polyproteins expressing neutralizing epitopes of HIV1 gpSU. Methods: Several chimeric genes have been constructed by an original procedure using the polymerase chain reaction procedure, and then cloned in a baculovirus transfer vector. The V3 conse
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Tu.A.2106)
Nakasatomi T, Haga S, Shibata S, Naganawa S, Someya K, Ando S, Yoshizaki H, Okamoto Y, Taki M, Kitamura K, Miyamoto K, Watanabe K, Yamada K, Yamazaki S, Honda M; Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 81-3-5285-1183.
Objective: To elucidate the in vivo expressions and dynamics of the HIV-PND antigen for the understanding of the mechanisms of immune induction to the viral antigen by recombinant BCG-based vaccine for HIV-1. Methods: We constructed the recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG (rBCG)-based vaccine which inserted HIV-princip
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Tu.A.2108)
Kestens L, Niphuis H, Buijs L, Vingerhoets J, Vanham G, Willems B, Peeters M, van der Groen G, Heeney J; Institute of Tropical Medicine, ANTWERPEN 1, Belgium, Fax: 32 3 247.62.31. E-mail: lkestens@itg.be.
Objectives: To monitor the immune activation following experimental infection of a chimpanzee with the chimpanzee immune deficiency virus (SIVcpzant). Methods: A chimpanzee was experimentally infected with SIVcpzant by infusing 400 million freshly obtained lymphocytes from a naturally SIVcpzant-infected chimpanzee. Vir
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Tu.A.2109)
Georges-Courbot MC, Nguyen TT, Moisson P, Leroy E, Nerrienet E, Wickings EJ, Dubreuil G, Georges AJ; CIRMF, Franceville, Gabon. Fax: (241) 67 72.95.
Objectives: To assess the frequency and mode of transmission of naturally occurring simian retroviral infections among primates of six different species, kept at the CIRMF Primate Center, Gabon , either in captive conditions or in semifree-ranging colonies. Methods: Serological investigations were carried out on each p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Tu.A.2110)
Regaya F, Karoui M, Slim A, Othman O, Oueslati AR, Bel Hadj AZ, Abdeladim BA; Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Mulhouse, France. Fax: 216.1.884.037.
Objective: HTLV-I/II, as well as HIV are transmitted through blood transfusion, mainly by cellular components. The aim of this study is to determine the HTLV-I/II and HIV contamination rates among tunisian patients with hematological disorders which had received multiple blood transfusions. Methods: This study was carr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Tu.A.2111)
Tilles JG; Univ. of Calif., Orange, CA. Fax: 714-824-2118.
Treatment of human leukocytes with 0.05 micrograms/ml of Staphylococcus Entertoxin A for 96 hours induces gamma interferon and an accelerator of HSRV infection in human diploid fibroblasts. The accelerator activity persists following treatments with acid or acid-pepsin that do inactivate the activity of gamma interfero
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Tu.B.2112)
Zala C, Montaner JS, Hogg RS, Yip B, Gataric N, Schechter MT, O'Shaughnessy MV; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5464. E-mail: Kevin@hivnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To describe the changing pattern of antiretroviral therapy use in the province of British Columbia (BC). Methods: Antiretroviral drugs are distributed free of charge to eligible individuals province-wide through the Drug Treatment Program. To prescribe antiretroviral therapy physicians must complete a patien
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Tu.B.2113)
Hogg RS, Craib KJ, Montaner JS, Yip B, Gataric N, O'Shaughnessy MV, Schechter MT; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5464. E-mail: Kevin@HIVnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To compare survival rates between patients who received antiretroviral therapy before and after a primary diagnosis of AIDS. Methods: The BC HIV/AIDS Treatment Program has distributed antiretroviral drugs to HIV-infected patients throughout the province since 09/92. Participants were eligible to receive ZDV
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Tu.B.2114)
Harris M, Montaner JS, Hogg RS, Yip B, Gataric N, O'Shaughnessy MV, Schechter MT; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5464.
Objective: To assess recent rates of zidovudine (ZDV) prescription in British Columbia (BC). Methods: The distribution of antiretroviral drugs in BC is free of charge to eligible participants through the province-wide HIV/AIDS Treatment Program. In order for physicians to prescribe ZDV, they must complete a patient enr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Tu.B.2115)
Mathez D, Winter C, Leibowitch J; Hopital Raymond Poincare, Garches, France.
Objective and strategy: To resort to convergent combinations of 3 nucleoside analogues as first (treatment naive patients) or second line treatment. Patients and methods: 5 treatment-naive patients (group I) and 5 AZT plus or minus DDC or DDI-experienced patients (group II) received AZT+DDI+
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Tu.B.2116)
Bissuel F, Leriche K, Schienger I, Trabaud MA, Cotte L, Trepo C; Infectious and Tropical Unit (Pr Vilde), Paris, France. Fax: 33-1-40-25-88-60.
Objective: To evaluate the tolerance and safety of a three-drug antiretroviral combination with zidovudine ( AZT ), didanosine ( ddI ), and interferon alpha (IFNalpha). Methods: An open, uncontrolled, prospective study wa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Tu.B.2117)
Roth H, McPherson M, Hamedani P, Herrmann WM, Sidarous E, Frampton M, Maddern J, Dieterich A; PAREXEL International GmbH, Berlin. Fax: 49-30-30685299. E-mail: hellmut.roth@parexel.de.
MDL 28, 574A (MDL) is a newly developed agent which acts as a host cell alpha glucosidase I inhibitor resulting in reduced HIV pathogenicity through reduced infectivity and syncytial formation. Study Objectives: To determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetic and safety profile of MDL oral solution q.d or b.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Tu.B.2118)
Lo Caputo S, Blanc PL, Ble C, Brizzi M, Gabbuti A, Marino N, Pierotti P, Mazzotta F; Lo CAPUTO SERGIO Infectious Disease Unit, Firenze, Italy. Fax: 39+556449234.
Objective: Retrospective study to evaluate survival in HIV pts (pts) with CD4+ count less than 50/mmc respect antiretroviral and anti-infectious therapies and opportunistic infections (O.I.) profilaxis. Methods: From 1/1/94 to 1/1/96 we observed 95 anti HIV+ pts. with CD4+ count less than less than 50/mmc. 25 of these
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Tu.B.2119)
Tomino C, Fragola V, Bucciardini R, Weimer LE, Ricciardulli D, Chiesi A, Floridia M, Vella S; Istituto Superiore di Sanita Viale Regina Elena, Rome, Italy. Fax: +39.6.4457.582.
Objective: to assess the safety profile of AZT + ddI and AZT+ddI+nevirapine in a population of patients with advanced HIV infection (AIDS OR CD4+ less than 200/mm3) and no previous antiretroviral treatment. Methods: Phase II, double blind, centrally randomized multicenter trial.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Tu.B.2120)
Sudre P, Chave JP, Ruef C, Iten A, Gabriel V, Von Overbeck J, Battegay M, Furrer HJ, Vernazza P, Ceserani N, Bernasconi E, Hirschel B; University Hospital, Switzerland. Fax: +41 22 372 98 20. E-mail: sudredminov1.hcuge.ch.
Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy and tolerance of Zidovudine/ Didanosine ( AZT / ddI ) therapy with ddI monotherapy among HIV-infected patients previously treated with AZT.
Objective: To determine the maximum tolerated effective oral dose of hypericin which demonstrates antiviral activity with minimal phototoxic effects in Thai HIV-positive volunteers. Methods: An open-label sequential dose escalation tolerance study which proceeds sequentially in a group of four HIV-positive volunteers.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Tu.B.2122)
De Ronde A, De Rooij E, Coutinho RA, Goudsmit J; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-6916531.
Objective: To determine the incidence of new infections with drug resistant HIV-1 in the Amsterdam cohorts of homosexual men and intravenous drug users, and to assess the persistence and evolution of drug-resistant viruses and its consequences for therapy. Methods: Serum RNA was isolated of the first antibody or antige
Objective: To describe clinical progression and changes in surrogate markers in patients on saquinavir monotherapy over four years. Methods: 49 HIV-infected patients entered a single-centre phase I/II study of saquinavir between August 1991 and August 1992. Patients were drug-naive, asymptomatic or minimally symptomati
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Tu.B.2124)
Race E, Gilbert SM, Tomlinson PW, Whittaker L, Moffat A, Jupp R, Duncan IB, Roberts NA, Craig JC; Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, Herts, UK.
Saquinavir (InviraseTM) is the first inhibitor of HIV proteinase to be registered for the treatment of HIV infection. Although it has been suggested that treatment with saquinavir may lead to the selection of virus with reduced sensitivity to other proteinase inhibi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Tu.B.2125)
Hoggard P, Gibbons S, Wilkins E, Veal G, Barry M, Khoo S, Back D; University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Background. Zidovudine (ZDV) requires intracellular phosphorylation to ZDV-triphosphate prior to the inhibition of HIV replication. The effect of ZDV dose on the formation of intracellular phosphorylated metabolites may help define the optimum daily dose of ZDV, which is still unknown. Methods. The plasma and intracell
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Tu.B.2126)
Scott-Lennox J, McLaughlin-Miley CJ, Mauskopf JA; Glaxo Wellcome Inc, Research Triangle Park, NC. Fax: 919-483-3096. E-mail: js15260@glaxo.com.
Objective: Improving a patient s present and/or future QOL should be a primary goal of anti-retroviral (AR) therapy. This study examined: 1) how much change observed in patients self-reported QOL is explained by change in surrogate markers and AR therapy; and 2) whether QOL changes in patients with lower CD4 cell count
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Tu.B.2127)
Wein LM, Zenios S, Nowak M; Sloan School of Management, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. Fax: 617-258-7579. E-mail: 1wein@mit.edu.
Objective: To derive dynamic multidrug therapeutic strategies, where the combination of agents received by an individual changes over time in response to the disease progression. Methods: Formulate and analyze a mathematical control problem, which tracks the dynamics of uninfected and infected CD4+ cells and free virus
Objective: To examine the rate of vertical transmission from HIV-1 infected women who were treated with zidovudine (ZDV) during their pregnancies, but whose infants were not treated with ZDV. Methods: Data from all HIV-1 infected pregnant women followed prospectively prior to February 1994 at 5 university HIV clinics w
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Tu.B.2129)
Conant M, Markowitz M, Hurley A, Ho D, Peterkin J, Chapman S; Conant Medical Group, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 346-7580.
Objective: To optimize the dose and regimen of the HIV protease inhibitor, VIRACEPT, for controlled Phase II/III trials. Methods: After a two-week antiretroviral therapy wash-out period, 30 HIV-positive patients with CD4 cell counts greater than or equal to 200 cells/mm3 and quantitative HIV RNA titers of greater than
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Tu.B.2130)
Steinhart CR, Jacobsen D, George S; Mercy Hospital Special Immunology Services, Miami, FL, USA. Fax: 305-859-7313. E-mail: corker9864@aol.com.
Objective: To determine the safety and possible efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) with d4T and 3TC in HIV-positive subjects with CD4 counts less than or equal to 300/mm3. Methods: 48 subjects, ages 30-62 (mean= 41.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Tu.B.2131)
Sinclair FJ, Womack M, Illeman M, Cafaro V, Conant M; Conant Medical Group, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 923-0337.
Objective: To determine the possible benefits and/or toxicities of 3TC use in HIV(+) patients known to have either chronic hepatitis B or C by monitoring serological markers. Methods: A retrospective chart review was done on 350 HIV(+) patients receiving 3TC in the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Tu.B.2133)
Dorrucci M, Pezzotti P, Phillips AN, Rezza G, Alliegro MB; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma, Italy. Fax: (39) (6) 4456741. E-mail: ccorte@ISS.IT.
Objectives: To evaluate the association between time since initiation of pre-AIDS antiretroviral therapy with zidovudine (ZDV) and AIDS-free survival in a cohort of HIV-seroconverters. To assess possible differential effects of ZDV on HIV-disease progression by transmission categories. Methods: Observational study of 1
Objectives: To perform a population-based analysis of d4T PK in HIV-infected patients, and to evaluate the nature and extent of drug interactions and the effect of patient covariates on the PK of d4T. Methods: A population-based analysis of the PK of d4T was performed using 4108 plasma concentrations measured in 315 HI
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Tu.B.2135)
Depraetere K, Fleerackers Y, Koeck R, De Roo A, Pelgrom J, Colebunders R; Nationalestraat, Antwerp, Belgium. Fax: + 32-3-247.64.32. E-mail: YON@ITG.BE.
Objective: To evaluate the quality of care for persons with HIV infection in Belgian hospitals. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey was organised among persons with HIV infection in Belgium , known to be HIV seropositive since at least 3 months. Questionnaires were distributed in and outside health care settings
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Tu.B.2136)
Colebunders R, Poortmans E, James T, Depraetere K, De Roo A; Nationalestraat, Antwerp, Belgium. Fax: + 32-3-247.64.32. E-mail: YON@ITG.BE.
Objective: To study the utilisation and evaluation of services by persons with HIV infection in Belgium . Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey was organized among persons known to be HIV seropositive for at least 3 months. Questionnaires were distributed by general practitioners, HIV treatment centers, other hosp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Tu.B.2137)
Woodfall B, Hogg RS, Heath KV, Bally G, Yip B, Perry T, O'Shaughnessy MV; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5464.
Objective: To characterize the practice profiles of physicians who have enrolled in the Canadian HIV/AIDS care-giving physician (CHAP) network. Methods: The CHAP network was created, under a joint venture of Health Canada and the BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, to establish a national database of physicians exper
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Tu.B.2138)
Hyland MJ, Bailey G, Chan CK; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. E-mail: meaghen.hyland@utoronto.ca.
Objective: To examine the characteristics of HIV discharges over a five year period, at a community-based, university-affiliated hospital in Toronto, Canada . Methods: A retrospective study was conducted examining the period between 04/90 and 03/95 at the Wellesley Hospital (WH). Results: The results are summarized in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Tu.B.2139)
Chan CK, Bailey G, Hyland MJ; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Fax: (416) 971-6427.
Objective: To examine the characteristics of HIV discharges over a five year period, among peer hospitals in Ontario, Canada . Methods: A retrospective study was conducted examining the period between 04/90 and 03/95 among 10 of the 11 peer hospitals (Kingston General, Sunnybrook, St. Michael s, Toronto General/Toronto
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Tu.B.2140)
Gibson SJ, Williams KE; Royal University Hospital, Saskatchewan, Canada. Fax: 306-975-0383.
HIV-infected people require a broad spectrum of medical and social services and expertise. We wished to examine funding for, and availability of, relevant services in areas of lower HIV seroprevalence. Project: Data was collected through telephone interviews followed by questionnaires with 9 identified HIV clini
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Tu.B.2141)
Robinson GA, Millson ME, Rachlis AR; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, North York, Ontario. Fax: (416) 480-5881.
Objective: This study will describe patterns and the distribution of acute in-patient care for all patients discharged for significant conditions related to HIV infection/AIDS in Ontario during the fiscal years 1987-88 to 1992-93. Methods: This study examined 8,457 AIDS/HIV-related discharges (5,232 individuals) from a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Tu.B.2142)
Chieze F, Bonnaud C, Van Den Noort P, Javanni J, de Gagne D, M'Pele P; Organisation PanAfricane de Lutte contre le Sida (OPALS),Ecole de Medecine, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 43 25 66 16. E-mail: opals@HIVnet.fr.
Opals has established the first Center for ambulant care and day care (CTA), in Brazzaville, Congo , in 1994. Its objective is to give Africans with HIV/AIDS access to the care they require and to allow them to benefit from treatment and medicin that are actually available. Cohort studies (quality of life, natur
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Tu.B.2143)
Perez-Elias MJ, Agujetas M, Castillo G, Antela A, Hermida JM, Montilla P, Casado JL, Moreno A, Buzon L; Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
Objective: To evaluate the level of satisfaction experienced by the primary care giver (PCG) of advanced AIDS patients after receiving home care assistance (HCA). Methods: A specific questionnaire was designed and sent to 167/191 (87%) PCG; we can confirm the address of 141/167 (84%). Ten questions were made to asses t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Tu.B.2144)
Iribarren JA, Merino JL, Arrizabalaga J, Rodriguez-Arrondo FJ, Von Wichmann MA; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, San Sebastian, Spain. Fax: 34-43460758.
Objectives: To assess the changes in the clinical characteristics in patients with AIDS (PWA) through the years. Methods: In a ward of Infectious Diseases (22 beds) almost monographically caring patients with HIV infection, we compared the characteristics of the patients admitted in 1988 and 1995. We evaluated risk pra
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Tu.B.2145)
Harris A, Gibson LP, Mclaughlin J; Wake County Department of Health, Raleigh, NC, USA. E-mail: pal007@med.unc.edu.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of routine screening of HIV + adults for gonorrhea and chlamydia during initial and follow-up visits in the primary care setting. Methods: All adult patients seen at the Wake County Department of Health HIV Clinic were screened for chlamydia and gonorrhea at initial visits and biannu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Tu.B.2146)
Donatelli M, Steinbock C, Chopra A, Sharp V; St. Clare's Hospital, New York City, NY, USA. Fax: (212) 459 8489.
Objective: To evaluate the utilization of pulmonary consultations in the management of HIV/AIDS patients treated in an urban AIDS treatment center. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 90 randomly selected records of HIV/AIDS patients where pulmonary consults were performed by any one of 3 pulmonologists be
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Tu.B.2147)
Hoos D, Agins B, Chestnut T, Devore B, Chrost C; NYS Department of Health, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-613-4907. E-mail: dxh05@health.state.ny.us.
Issues: Persons with AIDS requiring long term care placement have not been well characterized. Project: New York State has over 1050 beds in long term care facilities for persons with AIDS with three models of HIV long term care: traditional skilled nursing facilities (SNF), drug treatment therapeutic residences for pe
Objective: To identify factors associated to a low compliance to HIV treatments in a group of patients attending an infectious disease hospital in Rome. Methods: One-hundred-five consecutive patients were anonimously interviewed, during the second half of 1995, by a psychologist out from the usual setting. The standard
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Tu.B.2149)
Falciano M, Salotti A, Bergami N, Rubino L, Errera G, Tchangmena OB, Macedonio A, Turbessi G; La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39 6 4456388.
Objective: Home care for HIV patients (stage C) can be considered an alternative to hospital care. We evaluated the feasibility of this model and its advantages. Methods: We analyzed the results of home care for AIDS patients, followed in the period from May to December 1995 at the Department of Infectious and Tropical
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Tu.B.2151)
Hawley-Foss N, Cameron B; Ottawa General Hospital, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-737-8682.
Persons with HIV decline or participate in clinical research for many reasons. We sought to clarify the factors driving voluntarism in our clinical research centre. Project: We performed a qualitative assessment of patient voluntarism and participation in clinical research at the Ottawa General Hospital (OGH) HI
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Tu.B.2152)
Lundgren JD, Phillips A, Vella S, Katlama C, Ledergerber B, Johnson A, Reiss P, Gatell J, Clumeck N, Dietrich M, Benfield T, Nielsen J, Pedersen C; Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark. Fax: +45 36473340. E-mail: EuroSIDA@inet.uni-c.dk.
Objective: To assess factors associated with use of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy and primary prophylactic regimes to prevent HIV-associated opportunistic infections Methods/patients: Baseline data from a prospective study on 3122 consecutive, unselected HIV-infected patients with a CD4 count less than 500 cells/ul foll
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Tu.B.2153)
Petrak J, Henshaw P, Hedge B; Royal London Hospital, London, England. Fax: 0171-377-7648.
Objective: To identify and compare the psychological profiles and quality of life of individuals presenting with their first AIDS defining illness concurrent with their first positive HIV test (Group 1), with those having previous knowledge of their HIV-positive status (Group 2). Reasons for late presentation with HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Tu.B.2154)
Marco M, Dierz P, Horn T, Morrison L, Smart T, Sonnabend J, Wansor P, Wilder E, Harrington M; TAG, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-877-0196. E-mail: marco@jimmy.harvard.edu.
Objectives: To assess the current state of research on and current prophylaxis and treatment for AIDS-related opportunistic infections (OIs), and to recommend improvements. Methods: Current literature was reviewed and over 50 interviews were conducted with leading academic researchers, National Institutes of Health (NI
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Tu.B.2156)
Beck EJ, Mandalia S, Srodzinski K, Wadsworth J, Miller DL, Pinching AJ, Harris JR; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, Norfolk Place, London. Fax: ++0171-402-2150. E-mail: m.egan@sm.ic.ac.uk.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of hospital interventions on survival of first episode of PCP in AIDS patients and survival from diagnosis of AIDS for those who survived their first episode of PCP. Method: Retrospective study of 159 patients with first episode PCP managed at St.Mary s 1982-1991. Multilinear logi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Tu.B.2157)
Mandalia S, Beck EJ, Griffith R, Walters MD, Levin M, Boulton M, Miller DL; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London. Fax: 0171-402-2150. E-mail: s.mandalia@sm.ic.ac.uk.
Objective: To describe the use of hospital services and associated costs by stage of HIV infection for children attending St Mary s Hospital, London, 1986 to 1994. Methods: Data on the use of hospital services were abstracted retrospectively from case notes for 118 of the 119 children seen between 1 January 1986 and 31
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Tu.B.2158)
Egan M, Griffith R, Srodzinski K, Beck EJ; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London. Fax: ++0171-402-2150. E-mail: m.egan@sm.ic.ac.uk.
The need for a National Prospective Monitoring Systems (NPMS) on the use, cost and outcome of service provision in English HIV units was assessed. The aim of the NPMS would be to monitor the effectiveness, efficiency and acceptability of service provision in English HIV hospital units. Project: To assess prospec
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Tu.B.2159)
Ball SC, Huang K, O'Brien L, Jacobs J; New York Hospital, New York, NY, USA. Fax: (212) 746-8415.
Objective: To establish dosing parameters for Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) in AIDS patients. Our hospital adopted guidelines for the use of G-CSF and assessed rates of breakthrough bacteremia and cost. Methods: We reviewed the charts of all in-patients on the HIV service who received G-CSF during three
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Tu.B.2160)
Cohn J, Kosko D, Purdue B, Weidle P; University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland. Fax: 410-328-4430. E-mail: DKosko@HIV.ab.umd.edu.
Issues: To compete in the managed care marketplace while maintaining our goal of providing comprehensive and state of the art care, a method was needed to measure actual costs of comprehensive outpatient HIV care in a University based clinic. The bill generated by our parent institution for a clinic visit does not refl
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Tu.B.2161)
Frazier R, Gathe J, Gustafson P, Anthony K, Brown N, David J, Dodds W, Goetz A, Goldstein J, Nelso S, Pendarvis K, Benz P, Esler R; Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, TX. Fax: (713) 520-1672.
Objectives: To illustrate the development of Clinical Pathways (CPs) in a dedicated, HIV/AIDS hospital unit designed to correct diagnostic and treatment systems, for the purpose of improving patient outcome, quality of care and cost-effectiveness. Method: A multidisciplinary, physician-led team was formed to include ho
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Tu.B.2162)
Martinez CP, De la Torre K, De Vinzenzi V, Martinez T, Pasteran F, Hermes R, Peikert R, Diaz L, Canete L, Cando O, Valdez I; Juan A Fernandez Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 856-9742.
Objective: Compare the methods used daily in our service in relation with their specificity and sensibility, according to the screening and diagnostic in a select population with an HIV type 1 infection risk. Methods: We studied 2934 patients that assisted to the Infectology Service of the hospital during 1993 with HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Tu.B.2163)
Best S, Stephenson M, Dax EM; Fairfield Hospital, Fairfield, Australia. Fax: 61-3-94824352. E-mail: sue@nrl.pegasus.oz.au.
Aim: To evaluate five HIV-1/HIV-2 EIAs for their suitability as screening assays in Australian laboratories. Methods: The EIAs under evaluation included HIV-1/HIV-2 Enhanced ELISA (Ortho Diagnostic Systems), Syva Microtrak II HIV-1/HIV-2 EIA (Syva Company), Recombigen HIV-1/HIV-2 EIA (Cambridge Biotech Corporation), In
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Tu.B.2164)
Sherlock CH, Karakas L, Craib KJ; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5421. E-mail: csherlock@stpaulshosp.bc.ca.
Objective: To compare the performances of two commercial ELISA kits for measuring the concentration of HIV-1 p24 antigen (p24) in serum before and after immune complex dissociation. Methods: Previously frozen sera from HIV-infected and low-risk HIV-negative patients were selected from clinical samples received in the d
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Tu.B.2165)
Claessens C, Fauvel M; Laboratoire de sante publique du Quebec, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (514) 457-6346.
Objectives: 1) To monitor and improve the performance of Canadian diagnostic and research laboratories isolating HIV from peripheral blood mononuclear cells through a voluntary QA program. 2) To determine optimal conditions for HIV isolation. Methods: Proficiency panels (5) consisting of blood samples were shipped to 1
Objective: To provide a rapid and reliable solid phase immunoassay for HIV antibodies that requires only minimal laboratory equipment. Methods: A reagent carrier allowing qualitative in vitro analysis of presence of antibodies to HIV has been developed and evaluated. Use of conjugates on colloidal gold as well as horiz
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Tu.B.2167)
Vardinon N, Yust I, Sela Y, Zeldis I, Dickstein Y, Burke M; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. Fax: 972-3-5469580.
Objective: (1) To examine the urine of known HIV-1 seropositive subjects for the presence of antibody to HIV-1. (2) To study HIV-1 seroconversion and uroconversion in subjects at high-risk for HIV infection. Methods: Blood was examined by EIA (Abbott 3rd generation) for HIV-1 antibody and by EIA (Vironostika) for HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Tu.B.2168)
Castelli F, Casari S, Barni C, Rodella A, Marin MG, Prati E, Ascari E, Cadoria F, Cinquegrana A, Derelli E, Fasoli MG, Furba P, Putzolu V; Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Fax: +39.30.303061.
Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of the search for integrated HIV-DNA in PBMC to detect latent infection in seronegative subjects at risk Methods: A cohort of seronegative subjects at risk for HIV infection (drug addicts-DA, heterosexual partners-HETERO or homosexual partners-HOMO of HIV-positive subjects) has bee
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Tu.B.2169)
Hashida S, Hashinaka K, Nishikata I, Ishikawa E; Miyazaki Medical College, Miyazaki, Japan. Fax: 81-985-85-2401.
Objective: To shorten the window period after HIV infection, during which HIV antibodies are not detected, hampering the diagnosis of HIV infection by conventional methods for HIV antibodies. Methods: Serum samples of ten HIV-1 seroconversion serum panels were tested by an ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune comp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Tu.B.2170)
Ohya H, Tsukano K, Ichikawa S, Kawata K, Itoh A, Soda K; Kanagawa Prefectural College of Nursing and Medical Technology, Yokohama, Japan. Fax: 81-45-362-8785.
Objectives: To improve the sensitivity of western blot method for confirming the antibody against HIV-1 in urine samples. Methods: Thirty five-pair specimens of serum and urine were collected from HIV-1 positive patients. We used the ELISA method (Calypte HIV-1 test, Ohtsuka) for screening of antibody to HIV-1 in urine
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Tu.B.2171)
Del Rio Chiriboga C, Uribe ZP, Varela TC, Hernandez TC; CONASIDA, Mexico City, Mexico. Fax: (525) 528.4220.
Objective: To characterize the population that had more than one HIV test done as well as the reasons and factors related with this behavior. Methods: We applied a questionnaire to all persons that returned for an HIV test in a two year period (January 1994 to December 1995) at CONASIDA s AIDS Testing Centers in Mexico
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Tu.B.2172)
Gaywee J, Artenstein AW, VanCott TC, Trichavaroj R, Sukchamnong A, Amlee P, Souza MS, McCutchan FE, Carr JK, Markowitz LE, Michael RA, Nitayaphan S; Department of Retrovirology, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand. Fax: 66 2 245 0582.
Objectives: To determine HIV-1 subtypes in infected Thai subjects using heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), differential polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (V3-ELISA); and to compare the sensitivity and specificity of differential PCR and V3-ELISA using HMA as the reference sta
Objectives: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of PCR, IgA and p24 antigen tests performed on cord blood and at 1, 3, and 6 months of age for detecting HIV infection in breastfed infants. Methods: HIV-1 seropositive women were identified at delivery and their infants were followed prospectively for up to 18 m
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Tu.B.2174)
See DM, Tilles JG, Flynn T, Evanoff PA, Morris HT; University of California, Orange, CA. Fax: (714)456-7169. E-mail: DMSEE@UCI.EDU.
Objective: To evaluate a new, two-step, five minute, immunoassay device which detects HIV 1/2 antibodies in whole blood, serum or plasma. Methods: A) Samples: Ninety-eight HIV-positive patients were enrolled in a clinical trial to evaluate a rapid immunoassay test. Each patient consented to the collection of whole bloo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Tu.B.2175)
Maltez F, Serrano A, Proenca R; Hospital de Curry Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal. Fax: 351 01 7958745.
The authors present a case report of a male patient 34 years old, intravenous drug user, HIV 1 infected since two years before, always asymptomatic, with a marked immunodeficiency (4 CD4 lymphocytes/mm3) who developed a bilateral interstitial pneumonia caused by Aspergillus fumigatus and Serratia marcescens and a mitra
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Tu.B.2176)
Valencia ME, Toro C, Moreno V, Laguna F, Enriquez A, Soriano V, Gonzalez LJ; Service of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Investigation Center (CIC), Madrid, Spain.
Introduction: Rhodococcus equi is a primary pathogen in animals and it has only rarely been seen in immunocompromised humans. Over the last 5 years, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic and a better interpretation of the clinical profile of R. equi infection have resulted in an increase in the number
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Tu.B.2177)
Puig M, Domingo P, Pericas R, Fuster M, Mirelis B, Ris J, Josep LI, Barrio JN, Prats G; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau., Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 34-3-2919269.
Aim of the study: To assess the clinical and bacteriological spectrum of bacteremia, and its significance in HIV-infected patient. Patients and methods: A prospective study of all the episodes of bacteremia that occurred in our hospital and the risk factors associated with it was performed. An episode of bacteremia was
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Tu.B.2178)
Davis WP, Afessa B, Frederick W; Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. Fax: 202 865-4669.
Objective: To assess the predictive value of the APACHE II prognostic scoring system in HIV-infected patients with pneumococcal bacteremia and compare their clinical outcome with age-matched controls. Design: The study was a retrospective chart review of HIV-infected patients with pneumococcal bacteremia in the Medical
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Tu.B.2179)
Lorenz K, Boone J, Koeller K, Grillo M, Olson P, Nowacki M, Wallace M; Naval Medical Center, San Diego, CA. Fax: 619-532-7478.
Objective: To evaluate diagnostic methods in community-acquired sinusitis in subjects with AIDS (by CDC criteria). Methods: We prospectively followed subjects with AIDS for symptoms of sinusitis from January 1995 to January 1996. 110 subjects with AIDS were surveyed for symptoms of sinusitis including persistent nasal
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Tu.B.2180)
Manoff SB, Flynn CP, Hoover DR, Gruskin LL, Nelson KE, Vlahov D; Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. Fax: 410-955-0863. E-mail: Smanoff@phnet.sph.jhu.edu.
Objectives: To assess the impact of CD4 count (less than 350 vs. greater than or equal to 350 cells/microliters) on clinical findings and risk factors for endocarditis among HIV-infected IDUs. Methods: We abstracted hospital charts and death certificates for ALIVE Cohort participants to identify endocarditis diagnosed
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Tu.B.2181)
Polo R, Verdejo J, Martinez M, Gomez C, Adrados M, Valencia E, Laguna F, Gonzalez-Lahoz J; Instituto De Salud Carlos Iii Sinesio Deigado, Madrid, Spain.
Objective: To evaluate the incidence and kind of bacterial diseases in hospitalized HIV-patients. Patients And Method: We retrospectively reviewed 2718 HIV patients admitted in our Hospital for 78 months (August, 1989-Jan, 1996). Results: We found 1119 bacterial diseases (1119/2718 = 41.16%) with the following kinds: 1
Objective: Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex ( MAC ) infection and symptomatic cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease frequently coexist in severely immunosuppressed HIV-positive patients. This study was designed to determine whether the introduction of rifabutin chemoprophylaxis against MAC has been associa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Tu.B.2183)
Rodriquez ML, Rossi AG, Souza NV, Morales MS, Guimaraes MR, Figuriredo JF; University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 55-16-6331144. E-mail: mdlvrodr@fmrp.usp.br.
Objective: To evaluate rabbit ocular tissues susceptibility to DHPG administered by subconjunctival route. Methods: The study was conducted on two groups of 15 rabbits each who received different doses (4 and 8 mg) of DHPG by the subconjunctival route and on a third group that only received distilled water. The animals
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Tu.B.2184)
Matheron S, Knospe V, Barton S, Johnson M, Clotet B, Heise, Mallolas J, Danner S, Gumbel, Podzamczer D, King P, Chang Y; Couland Hopital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France. Fax: 33-1-4229-5300.
Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of 3g and 6g daily doses of oral ganciclovir for maintenance treatment of CMV retinitis. Methods: 270 patients with AIDS and stable CMV retinitis following at least one course of IV anti-CMV therapy were randomized to maintenance treatment with oral ganciclovir at a daily d
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Tu.B.2185)
Balbiano R, Biglino A, Rapetti E, Quadri M, Degioanni M, Lipani F, Valle M; Ospedale Civile di Asti, ASTI, Italy. Fax: 39-141-392338. E-mail: infett@oasi.shiny.it.
Objective: to assess the efficacy of combined treatment (intravitreous + systemic) compared to systemic treatment alone in AIDS- related CMV retinitis. Methods: Eighteen consecutive cases of CMV retinitis in 15 patients (3 with bilateral localizations) were randomized to receive either intravitreous Ganciclovir (200 mi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Tu.B.2186)
Jones S, Lim EH, Katner HP, Smith MU; Medical Center of Central Georgia, Macon, Georgia.
Objective: To describe the clinical course of a patient with CMV colonic vasculitis treated with continuous ganciclovir. Methods: Chart review of a patient with CMV vasculitis treated with continuous ganciclovir and a review of the literature concerning longevity of patients with this diagnosis. Results: The patient wa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Tu.B.2187)
Sanders JW; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Fax: 803-792-6680. E mail: John_W_Sanders@smtgpw.musc.edu.
Objective: CMVE in AIDS has a median survival of 5 weeks1. It is rarely diagnosed or treated due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and the lack of an accurate non-invasive diagnostic test. We report a case, developing during GCV induction therapy for CMV pneumonitis, diagnosed by gadolinium magnetic resonance im
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Tu.B.2188)
Fisher E, Brosgart C, Hillman D, Louis TA, Craig C, El-Sadr W; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Fax: 804-828-3097.
Objective: To compare factors predictive of developing cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease among patients participating in a clinical trial of CMV prophylaxis. Methods: Analysis was conducted on data from all participants in CPCRA 023, A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Ganciclovir for
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Tu.B.2189)
Jacobson MA, Drew WL, Dunn JP, Finberg J, Holbrook J, Martin B, Min N, Murphy R; The Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA), Baltimore, MD. Fax: (410) 955-0629.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of positive blood and urine cultures for cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) at baseline and during follow-up and to correlate culture results with clinical outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed CMV retinitis treated with either foscarnet (FOS) or ganciclovir (GCV). Methods: CMV blood and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Tu.B.2190)
Holbrook JT, Davis M, Gilpin AK, Hubbard L, Martin B; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-955-0932. E-mail: jholbroo@sph.phnet.jhu.edu.
Objectives: (1) Identify characteristics of newly diagnosed CMV retinitis that are associated with retinitis progression or visual loss and (2) determine if retinitis progression itself is associated with vision loss. Methods: Data from 224 patients with newly diagnosed retinitis (321 eyes with retinitis) enrolled in a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Tu.B.2191)
Tomlinson DR, Reeves P, Brown A, Migdal C; St. Mary's NHS Trust, London, England. Fax: 0171-725-6413.
Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of single daily dosing with intravenous ganciclovir 10mg/kg/day compared to standard twice daily dosing during out-patient induction for CMV retinitis in a prospective randomised feasibility study. Methods: All patients with first episode CMV from 1.6.93-1.9.94 were treated
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Tu.B.2192)
De Agostini M, Bianco CM, Lipani F, Sinicco A; Osp. A Di Savoia. Fax: 039 11 7761 757.
Objective: To describe manifestations of CMV gastrointestinal disease and to evaluate correlations between CMV infection and non-typhi Salmonella sepsis. Methods: Retrospective chart review by clinicians following the patients prospectively. Results: Twenty-seven AIDS patients (13 homosexuals, 8 intravenous drug abuser
Saint-Antoine Medical University, Paris, France Objective: To evaluate the performance of Murex Cryptococcus test, a mouse immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody latex agglutination test, to detect polysaccharide antigen associated with cryptococcosis in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Tu.B.2194)
Maiello A, Sciandra M, Calvo MM, Dassio G, Meneghin G, Sinicco A; Istitvto Malattie Infettive Universita'Di Torino Corso Svizzera, Torino, Italia. Fax: 039-11-7761757.
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of the fungal infections in HIV infection. Methods: From 1/90 to 12/95 all the HIV patients were studied to assess fungal infections. Every case of suspected fungal infection was confirmed by cultural tests. We calculated the time from the first fungal infection to AIDS defining ev
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Tu.B.2195)
Crewe-Brown HH, Jones N, Khoosal M, Bhagoobhai L, Karstaedt AS; SAIMR, Johannesburg, South Africa. Fax: 11-489-8717.
Objective: To study cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings and clinical data in a retrospective series of patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Methods: Eighty two patients were admitted to Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto in South Africa with cryptococcal meningitis over a four year period from 1991 to 1995. Laboratory CSF f
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Tu.B.2196)
Andersson M, Huang L, Newman MD, Hopewell PC, Stansell JD; Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London, UK. Fax: 181- 746 5611. E-mail: mandersson@sl.cxwms.ac.uk.
Background: Aspergillus infections in patients with AIDS are relatively uncommon. We describe a case of empyema due to Aspergillus fumigatus. Case Report: 38 year old HIV- seropositive man with a CD4+ lymphocyte count of 6cells/uL admitted with persistent fevers and a mild, dry, non-productive cough. Past medical histo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Tu.B.2197)
Palmieri PJ, Southern P, Haley R, Keiser P; Dallas Department of Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. Fax: 214-648-9478.
Objectives: To determine the incidence, microbiology and risks for clinically resistant candida infections. Methods: A cross sectional study of a large, metropolitan HIV clinic of over 2000 patient was performed. Patients at the Parkland Memorial Hospital between September and November 1995 were asked to fill out a que
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Tu.B.2198)
Haubrich R, Field D, Eggert L, Metzgar D, McCutchan JA, Wills C; University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. Fax: 619-298-0177. E-mail: rhaubrich@ucsd.edu.
Objective: To perform genotypic analysis on strains of Candida albicans colonizing patients on long-term fluconazole prophylaxis. Methods: Baseline and six-month C. albicans isolates (oropharyngeal) obtained from patients on 400 mg weekly or 200 mg daily fluconazole were genotyped using 6 different microsatellite regio
Objective: To describe to our knowledge the first case of Zygomycosis of the cecum in a person with AIDS. Methods: Retrospective case review of a patient followed prospectively by the authors. Results: A 46 y/o male with a CD4 cell count of 10 was admitted because of Fever of Unknown Origin (temp 100 -101 degrees F) an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Tu.B.2200)
Gulminetti R, Maccabruni A, Michelone G, DeiCas A, Arlandi L; IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. Fax: +39-382-527976.
Introduction: High incidence of oral candidiasis is reported in HIV-infected children; although this is not a life-threatening condition, since it may impair nutrition and progress to esophagitis, specific treatment is often requested. Moreover antimicotic resistent strains have been frequently reported in adult patien
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Tu.B.2201)
Silva MA, Tannuri AA, Lobo AN, Lima MB, Basilio CA, Mello CE; Icarai Niteroi, Rio De Janeiro, Brasil.
Objective: The evaluation of clinical, biochemical, serological and morphological data of liver involvement in high risk groups with AIDS was the aim of this work. Our purpose was to determine the spectrum of liver disease in AIDS and the clinic morphological correlation in order to ascertain if any clinical or patholo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Tu.B.2202)
Costa R, Serban M, Cucuruz M, Rosiu N, Jinariu S 3rd; Paodiatric Clinic, Timisoara, Romania. Fax: 40-56-201975.
Hepatitis viruses are a highly infectious pathogen that spread along percutaneous and parenteral routes. Taking into account that horizontal transmission is the main course of the paediatric HIV infection in Romania , in about 60% of cases the way of contamination being unknown, we studied the prevalence of hepatitis m
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:300 (abstract no. Tu.B.2203)
Peraire J, Porras JA, Vidal F, Richart C; Hospital Joan XXIII, University of Tarragona, Tarragona, Spain.
Objective: To assess the influence of the infection by hepatitis c virus (and its consequences) in the mortality of patients with AIDS. Patients and Methods: Charts of AIDS patients who died between 1985 and 1994 were reviewed retrospectively. The cause of death was evaluated. HCV status was tested by EIA and RIBA3 and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:300 (abstract no. Tu.B.2204)
Gonzalez-Guilabert I, Arias JR, Garrote E, Tornero JL, Rodriguez J, Maranon A, Del Pozo MA; Universitary Clinical Hospital, Valladolid, Spain. Fax: 34-83-257511.
Background: Liver disease is very common in HIV-infected patients; it being related with factors as polymedication, infections, toxic products, and its expression is variable and clinically not always evident. Both HIV and hepatotropic viruses share very often epidemiological, immunological and therapeutical aspects an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:300 (abstract no. Tu.B.2205)
Del Pozo MA, Arias JR, Garrote PJ, Labarga, Anton F, Alcoba M, Carro JA, Perez MR, Echevarria S, Martinez FJ; Infectious Diseases Unit, Universitary Clinical Hospital, Valladolid, Spain. Fax: 34-83-257511.
Background: In our area most of the HIV-infected patients are intravenous drug users (IVDUs), in which HIV and hepatitis C virus infections coexist very frequently. The HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) share transmission mechanisms and because of that they coexist in the same patient not infrequently; this is even more
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Tu.B.2206)
Perez-Gracia MT, Galan F, Perez-Ramos S, Rodriguez-Iglesias MA; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Puerto Rico Real University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
Objective: To study the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in IDU HIV (+) patients with anti-HBc as only marker of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods: Twenty-three sera from male IDU patients have been studied for the presence of HCV coinfection with HIV and atypical pattern of HBV serological markers (only anti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Tu.B.2207)
Sawyer MK, Nesheim S, Klein E, Cowans M, Hassan K, Muther J; Infectious Disease Program, Atlanta, Georgia. Fax: 404-616-9898. E-mail: DWall01@emory.edu.
Background: HIV seropositive adolescents (ages 12-18) who enter care at our institution receive required immunizations and evaluation for Hepatitis B vaccine (HBV). Serconversion to HBV may be diminished in these youth secondary to disease progression (measured by CD4 counts), viral load, or manner of transmission. Som
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Tu.B.2208)
Giancarlo E, De Sanctis GM, Barbacini IG, Margiotta M, Goldoni E, D'Errico DA, Di Giulio A, Trepo C, Chossegros P, Chircu LV; La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39 6 4958919.
Aim: To compare replication of hepatitis viruses in HIV-positive subjects with dual (HBV/HCV or HBV/HDV) or triple hepatitic chronic infections (HBV/HCV/HDV) and evolution towards liver cirrhosis. Patients: 38 HIV-positive subjects (all but one i.v. drug addicts), 8 HBV/HDV, 10 HBV/HCV, 20 HBV/HDV/HCV, 18 with chronic
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Tu.B.2209)
Bravo R, Soriano V, Garcia-Samaniego J, Mas A, Castro A, Carballo E; Service Infectious Diseases, Madrid, Spain. Fax: 7336614.
an age non AIDS 30 ys) Introduction: Liver disease secondary to HCV infection is a rising cause of morbidity and mortality amongst HIV + individuals, mainly in those infected parenterally such as injecting drug users, hemophiliacs and transfused patients. We analyzed the short- and long-term responses to alpha-IFN ther
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Tu.B.2210)
Pierre-Marie R, St Paul MC, Pugliese P, Fuzibet JG, Mondain V, Michiels JF, Dellamonica P; Hopital l'Archet, Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Nice, France. Fax: 00 33 92 03 54 69.
Objective: To determine the influence of immune status on the histological lesions of the liver observed during hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients. Methods: A retrospective study of HIV-infected patients in whom a liver biopsy (LB) was performed for chronic hepatitis C or long-term pyrexia investigation. Hepatitis C
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Tu.B.2211)
Ceriotto M, Zala C, Brandariz S, Schijman A, Levin M, Isola ED, Gonzalez CS; University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Introduction: Chagas disease remains endemic in Latin America where approximately 1.3 million people are infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Although Chagas disease has been recognized in the context of HIV infection, it has rarely been micro-biologically proven. Hence, the clinical spectrum of Chagas
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Tu.B.2212)
Grau O, Bahraoui E, Slizewicz B, Launay V, Rannou MT, Moynier M, Tuppin P, Delfraissy JF, Montagnier L; Institut Pasteur, Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Paris, France. Fax: (33) 45 68 89 16.
Objective: Previous studies by several groups including ours (Grau et al., J. Infect. Dis. 1995, 172:672-681), suggest that Mycoplasma penetrans (i) could be a cofactor of HIV, (ii) is probably a sexually transmitted agent, (iii) is probably not an etiologic agent of Kaposi s sarcoma. In this study we characterized the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Tu.B.2213)
Schoppelrey HP, Gummer M, Emminger C, Breit R; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, City Hospital Schwabing, Munich, Germany. Fax: 0049/89 3068303335.
Case Report: In May 1995 a 47-year-old white homosexual man with AIDS / C3 developed typical signs of Herpes Zoster on his left arm and shoulder which were in a Th1 and Th2 dermatomal distribution. After 10 days of acyclovir therapy the lesions completely cleared but postzoster neuralgia persisted.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Tu.B.2214)
Bruno R, Patruno SF, Zara F, Caprioglio S, Maffezzini E, Filice G; Divisione Malattie Infettive E Tropicali Irccs Policlinico, Pavia, Italy.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a regimen of opportunistic infection (O.I.) primary prophylaxis in HIV infection including Azithromycin, Pyrimethamine and Rifabutin. Methods: 100 patients with HIV infection still uncomplicated by O.I. were enrolled.Inclusion criteria for primary prophylaxis were:1) CD4+ lym
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Tu.B.2215)
Visco Comandini U, Massetti AP, Zaccarelli M, Marchese R, Santopadre P, Falciano M, Vullo V; La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39-6-4453760.
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) antibodies in an Italian population of HIV-infected and uninfected individuals with known HIV risk factor. Methods: A perspective evaluation of Cpn microimmunofluorescence immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM titer, related to gender, age, absolute CD4+ cell c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Tu.B.2216)
Alliegro MB, Dorrucci M, Pezzotti P, Petrucci A, Rezza G; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma, Italy. Fax: (39) (6) 4456 741. E-mail: COORTE@ISS.IT.
Objectives: To estimate the incidence and determinants of Herpes zoster (HZ). To compare the progression to AIDS among individuals with and without HZ. To evaluate if specific manifestations of HZ are predictive of a more rapid progression to AIDS. Methods: Prospective study of HIV-positive individuals with known seroc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Tu.B.2217)
Workman C, Lewis C, Smith DO; Surrey Hills, New South Wales, Australia. Fax: 61-2-331 1833. E-mail: lchan@extro.ucc.su.oz.au.
Objective: A 32yo HIV+ patient with rapid development of Kaposi s Sarcoma (KS) lesions was found to have resolution of these lesions patient after commencing saquinavir therapy. This case was investigated to determine the association, if any, between resolution of his KS and saquinavir therapy.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Tu.B.2218)
Payette PJ, Filion LG; University of Ottawa, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: 613-562-5452 E-mail: ppayette@uottawa.ca.
Introduction: DNA sequences of a potentially novel human gamma herpes virus have recently been identified in the cells of Kaposi s Sarcoma (KS). Isolation of the viral particles has not been successful. Infection by herpes viruses often leads to a rearrangement of the cytoskeletal and nuclear matrix proteins. B cells t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Tu.B.2219)
Saint-Marc T, Jeanblanc F, Makhloufi D, Touraine JL; Department of Immunology, Hopital E. Herriot, Lyon, France.
Objectives: to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerance of liposomally encapsulated daunorubicin ( DaunoXome ., Vestar) in the treatment of advanced AIDS-related pulmonary Kaposi s Sarcoma . Methods: Eleven HIV-positive individuals with proven pulmonary KS were enrolled into the study. 6 patients had minimal cutaneo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Tu.B.2220)
Saiag P, Pavlovic M, Chastang C, Fauveau V, Faivre-Meharzi J, Nicolas JC, Chenon A; Hopital A Pare, Boulogne, France. Fax: (1) 49095685. E-mail: saiag-p@ap-hop-paris.fr.
Objectives: 1) To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral ATRA in patients with low-risk AIDS-KS. 2) To investigate in vivo its effect on HIV-1 replication. Methods: Prospective, open-label, non-randomized multicenter trial. Criteria for inclusion: (a) HIV1 seropositivity; (b) low-risk KS (T0 I0 S0 in the classificati
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Tu.B.2221)
Gruenaug M, Bogner JR, Loch O, Goebel FD; Medizinische Poliklinik, University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Fax: ##49-89-51603593.
Background: Pulmonary Kaposi s Sarcoma (KS) has been characterised by a poor prognosis. According to data from the literature and own observations survival ranges from 2 to 6 months after diagnosis. Objective: To evaluate survival in patients (pts) with pulmonary KS in patients treated with liposomal Doxorubicin (LD) a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Tu.B.2222)
Podzamczer D, Gonzalez-Lahoz J, Inchaustegui L, Alegre M, Valencia E, Alsina M, Santin M, Roca V; Infectious Disease Service, Ciutat Sanitaria de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 34-3-2633775.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two regimens of IFN in the treatment of non-visceral AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Methods: In November 1992 we initiated an open randomized multicenter trial. Pts were randomly assigned (stratified by CD4 count) to receive 10 MU (Group 1) or 3 MU (Group 2) of IF
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Tu.B.2223)
Rutschmann OT, Lorenzi P, Pechere M, Krischer J, Rosay A, Hulliger S, Yerly S, Perrin L, Hirschel B; University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. Fax: +41 22 372 98 20.
Objective: The incidence of malignancies (lymphomas, Kaposi sarcomas [KS]) is high in end-stage HIV-infected patients and combined chemotherapies are often warranted. The effect of these treatments on HIV viremia is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of antitumoral chemotherapy on HIV viremia. Me
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Tu.B.2224)
Sosa C, Harrington W, Klaskala W, Baum WC; University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
Objectives: To describe the natural history of HHV-8 disease and define the types of blood cells which harbor the virus. Methods: Study subjects involved individuals infected with HHV-8. One (pt1) was an AIDS case with cutaneous Kaposi s Sarcoma (KS), second (pt2) was an HIV-1 negative kidney transplant patient undergo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Tu.B.2225)
Lampinen TM, Collier AC, Holmes KK; University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. E-mail: tlamp@u.washington.edu.
Background: The association of human herpesvirus type 8 with Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) prompted us to assess the potential effect of acyclovir (ACV) in reducing the incidence of epidemic KS. Since observational data can yield biased estimates of therapeutic efficacy, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled tr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Tu.B.2226)
Mullen MP, Cumagun MR, Abramovici L, Friedman-Kien A; Cabrini Medical Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212)-979-3484.
Cutaneous vascular lesions associated with radiographic evidence of lytic bone lesions in AIDS patients is usually suggestive of bacillary angiomatosis . Although rare, KS can also present with lytic bone lesions and should be considered in the differential diagnosis. A 56 y.o. homosexual male, known HIV-positive since
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Tu.B.2227)
Picard O, Hermans P, Clumeck N, Gill P, Lunardi-Iskandar Y, Gallo R; Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France. Fax: 33.1/49.28.25.70.
In vitro and animal studies recently showed a potential benefit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which appears to have a killing effect on tumor cells. Here we report our preliminary results on 12 AIDS patients with KS who were given hCG (Pregnyl .,from Organon) in a multicentre trial. All the patients were homos
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Tu.B.2228)
Tavio M, Nasti G, Vaccher E, Errante D, Spina M, Simonelli C, Tirelli U; National Cancer Institute, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy. Fax: 434/659531.
Background: The beta-chain of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is able to block tumorigenesis and metastasis of neoplastic KS cell line in immune deficient mice (Lunardi-Iskandar et al, Nature 1995, 375:64-8). Moreover, preliminary data by Harris (Lancet 1995, 346: 118-9) show some evidence of activity of high doses
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Tu.B.2229)
Levi GC, Kallas EG, Leite KR; Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital do Servidor Publico Estadual, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 278 2348. E-mail: ssspier@eu.ansp.br.
Patients with AIDS are prone to developing infections with opportunistic pathogens. Unusual agents, such as Strongyloides stercoralis, are also being described in this Syndrome, resulting in disseminated disease, always severe and in some cases fatal. We describe a case of a patient with AIDS and Strongyloides stercora
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Tu.B.2230)
Passos MR, Barreto NA, Salles RS, Silva AR, Monteiro AC, Rocha LC, Santos CC, Goulart Filho RA; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio De Janeiro, Brasil.
Objective: To relate the clinic case of patient with genital ulcers associate to positive HIV, Syphilis, Trichomoniasis and Candidiasis in pregnancy. Methods: A.G.S., female, 19 years old, white, single, born in Sao Goncalo City, Rio de Janeiro. The patient came to STD Sector/Universidade Federal Fluminense, relating p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Tu.B.2231)
Marios L, Greka P, Papastamopoulos V, Papadopoulos A, Paparizos V, Stergiou G, Vakalis N, Saroglou G; 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AIDS Unit, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar) is an endemic disease in the Mediterranean countries, where it has been reported to be a complicating illness, in patients with HIV-infection. These reports suggest that HIV-infected individuals are at a greater risk for visceralisation of leishmania due to the compromise of their cel
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Tu.B.2232)
Bach J, Clark RA, Kissinger P, Pindaro CM; Medical Ctr. of LA at New Orleans, New Orleans, LA.
Objective and Methods: Prior reports studying HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) have described predominantly male patients and there is little information regarding renal disease in HIV-infected women. To better understand the clinical presentation and course of HIVAN in women, a retrospective review of 25 women with
N, that may be the cause of their renal insufficiency. Non-hypertensive women with probable HIVAN generally have advanced HIV disease and a poorerial. Centenario. Facultad Cs. Medicas. U.N.R. Santa Fe 3100. Rosario, Argentina . Introduction: Evaluate the renal function and the microalbuminuria (MA) in patients HIV(+) a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Tu.B.2235)
Frank I, Lenkinski RE, Saykin AJ; University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA.
Objective: There has been recent interest in employing proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) to study the effects of HIV infection in the CNS. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of MRS in determining early central nervous system involvement of HIV. Methods: As part of an ongoing longitudinal study,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Tu.B.2236)
Dore G, Kaldor J, Hoy J, Mallal S, Li Y, Mijch A, French M, Cooper D; National Center in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, Australia. Fax: 61-2-3321837.
Objective: To assess time trends in the incidence of AIDS-related opportunistic infections (OIs) and cancers in Australia , both at and following the diagnosis of AIDS. Methods: A retrospective cohort of people with AIDS from three major HIV medical units was established. Data abstracted included date and CD4 cell coun
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Tu.B.2237)
Rizzo F, Alessandrini A, Camera M, Gaffuri L; S. Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy. Fax: 39105556-606.
Department of Infectious Diseases, S. Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy Objective: To describe some epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with HIV-infection and older than 50 years. Methods: We observed, through December 1995, 57 patients with HIV-infection and more than 50 years. We defined: the risk g
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Tu.B.2238)
Setsuko I, Oka S, Gatanaga H, Shioda T, Nagai Y, Iwamoto A; Univ. Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: +81-3-5449-5427.
Objective: To investigate qualita- and quantitative dynamics of SI or NSI variants along clinical courses. Methods: Viral load in sera were measured by the b-DNA. Genetic changes of the envelope V3 of two Japanese hemophiliacs were examined by the PCR-sequencing. Both patients were infected with HIV around 1983 and the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Tu.B.2239)
Albert J, Alaeus A, Leitner T, Lidman K; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden. Fax: +46-730 3248. E-mail: Jan.Albert@smi.ki.se.
Objective: HIV-1 can be divided into at least 9 genetic subtypes. All genetic subypes have been found in central Africa, whereas subtype B dominates in Europe and the U.S. It is not known if there exist subtype-specific differences in virulence. We have studied HIV-1 infected individuals of African origin to investigat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Tu.B.2240)
Kityo C, Opit C, Loughlin A, George K, Busingye J, Oluput G, Okiror J, Mugyenyi P, Whalen C, Mugerwa RD, Ellner J; Joint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-242-632. E-mail: jcrc@mukla.gn.apc.org.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of delayed type hypersensitivity anergy in HIV-1 infected adults in Uganda and identify factors related to anergy which may be related to risk of TB infection, progression to AIDS and overall mortality. Methods: HIV-1 infected Ugandan adults (n=3237) had a Mantoux test as enrollm
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Tu.B.2241)
Pelton SI, Hsu H, Reddington C, Cohen J, Caldwell B; Boston City Hospital/Boston University School of Medicine Pediatrics, Boston, MA. Fax: 617-534-5806. E-mail: spelton@acs.bu.edu.
Objective: To describe the natural history of HIV infection in children with less than 100 CD4 lymphocytes/cu mm (CD4 less than 100). Methods: Through the Pediatric Spectrum of Disease Project, medical records of perinatally HIV exposed children are abstracted every 6 months in 8 regions. Perinatally infected children
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Tu.B.2242)
Shikuma CM, Nerurkar VR, Dashwood WM, Hoffmann PR, Kindrick AV, Heath-Chiozzi M, Yanagihara R; Leahi Hospital, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. Fax: (808) 735-8529. E-mail: nerurkar@hawaii.edu.
Objective: To determine the natural history, clinical manifestations and virological correlates among HIV-1-infected women in Hawaii. Methods: Extensive clinical and epidemiological parameters, as well as laboratory results of T-cell subsets, tests for HBV, HCV, HTLV, STD and TB, were analyzed for 17 HIV-1-infected wom
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Tu.B.2243)
Rousseau S, Tamalet C, Duclos N, Tivoli N, Tourres C, Lafeuillade A; Hopital Timone, Marseille, France. Fax: 33 91385033.
Objective: To compare biological phenotype of blood and semen HIV-1 isolates. Methods: Cross-sectional study of HIV-1 isolates from blood and semen of 19 HIV-1 infected individuals, 6 less than 200 CD4+, 11 with 200-500 CD4+, 2 greater than 500 CD4+. Two blood fractions (PBMC, plasma) and 2 semen fractions (white cells
Objectives: To evaluate changes in B cell phenotypes as surrogate markers of HIV disease progression. Methods: Anticoagulated blood was obtained from 15 HIV-infected and 6 uninfected individuals. Plasma was removed and HIV viral load was measured in the infected individuals using the Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor assay (Roche
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Tu.B.2245)
Karamov E, Yaroslavtseva NG, Lukashov VV, Rytik PG, Kozlov AP, Shchelkanov MY, Martovitskii DV, Eremin VF, Chaplinskas SA; Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia. Fax: 07-095-190-2867.
Objective: To investigate geno- and serotypes of HIV-I variants in Russia . Byelorussia and Lithuania . Methods: Sera from 100 HIV-I infected patients were tested in an ELISA with a set of V3 synthetic peptides and serum HIV V3 RNA was amplified and sequenced. Results: Sequence comparison of the envelope V3 re
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Tu.B.2246)
Mora Rodriguez G, Feregrino-Goyos M, Gomez-Caro WH, Eid-Lidt G, Alvarado-Diez R, Gallegos-Perez H; Center for Research and Advanced Treatment in Immunodefficiency (CITAID), Hospital de Especialidades Dr Bernardo Sepulveda del CMN, Mexico DF, CP, Mexico. Fax: (525)5273223.
Objectives: The Nutritional Enteral Suppport complementary or total (NES), increase the quality of life of the HIV patients.We want to determinate whom ENS supplementary increase most better survive, lean mass, and diminished the O.I. incidence and increase the effect of antiviral treatments in both advanced and early
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Tu.B.2247)
Johnston S, Clotet B, Gatell JM, Podzamczer D, Gimenez-Arnau JM, Bestit I, Gel S, Diaz B, Virgili N, Giro M; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain. Fax: 34-3-465 76 02.
Objective: To compare the efficacy of MA vs. Plc in improving nutritional status in HIV seropositive patients and its effect in quality of life. Methods: We studied 89 HIV seropositive patients with CD4 less than 200/mm3 and a weight loss greater than 5%. The study was randomized, double blind and placebo controlled ov
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Tu.B.2248)
Clotet B, Johnston S, Alastrue A, Boix J, Gel S, Sirera G; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain. Fax: 34-3-465 76 02.
Introduction: Nutritional deficiencies, a widespread problem in AIDS, require active intervention as early as possible to prevent further deterioration of nutritional status. Various studies have described the efficacy of nutritional support via PEG. Objective: To study the efficacy of ambulatory PEG feeding administer
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Tu.B.2249)
Kruse LM, Fairchild GT; DHHS/Health Resources and Services Admin., Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-594-2470. E-mail: lkruse@hrsa.ssw.dhhs.gov.
The importance of nutrition as an integral part of health care for people with HIV disease is well documented, yet often overlooked in the provision of early intervention primary health care services. Project: A nutrition manual which focused on the assessment and provision of HIV nutrition guidance, with an emp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Tu.B.2250)
Arpadi SM, Wang J, Cuff P, Thornton J, Horlick M, Kotler D, Pierson R; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY, USA. Fax: (212) 523-5826.
Objective: Developing inexpensive, simple, and accurate methods for monitoring nutritional status is an important area of clinical research for HIV-infected children who commonly experience growth failure and wasting. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and standard pr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Tu.B.2251)
Cunningham-Rundles S, Kim S, Dnistrian A, Noroski L, Grassey C, Hinds G, Cervia J; Cornell Univeristy Medical College, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY. Fax: 212-746-8609. E-mail: scrundle@mail.med.cornell.edu.
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between levels of vitamin A (trans retinol) and immune changes, progression, or seroreversion in children congenitally exposed to HIV. Methods: Vitamin A was measured as plasma trans retinol by HPLC and lymphocyte subsets were assessed by flow cytometry in 21 HIV exposed, seroposi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Tu.B.2252)
Coll P, Perez MS, Rolon M, Cando O, Votto L, Cahn P; Hospital Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Objective: To evaluate efficacy and safety in prevention of vertical transmission of HIV infection. Methods: During the period 12/94 - 12/95, 68 pregnant woman were assisted. Counseling and ZDV prophylaxis was offered to couples underscoring risk of vertical transmission of HIV. ZDV prophylaxis was performed following
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Tu.B.2253)
Ciraru-Vigneron N, Lefevre-Elbert V, Giraudeaux V, Launay JH, Ravina JH; University of Paris VII, Paris, France. Fax: 33 1 49 95 62 15.
Objectives: To establish long term evolutive profile of immunoglobulins in HIV-positive women. To evaluate pregnancy influence. To assess predictive value of the observed modifications. To determine incidence of gammapathies and lymphoma . Methods: Ponderal dosage of IgG, IgA, IgM and immunofixation of IgG were perform
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Tu.B.2254)
Korn A, Abercrombie PD, Foster A; University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. E-mail: pda@itsa.ucsf.edu.
Objective: To compare the response to treatment for vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) 2-3 in women with and without HIV infection. Methods: All cases of VIN 2-3 at an inner city hospital over a 4 year period were reviewed. The following information was abstracted from the clinical records of women with VIN: demogr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Tu.B.2255)
Anderson J, Cohen S, Kelly W, Shah K, Christensen C, Schuman P; Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: (410)955-1003. E-mail: jrabiker@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu.
Objective: To evaluate the use of routine colpo in screening for cervical dysplasia in HIV + women and women at risk for HIV. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of women undergoing screening colposcopy at 2 HERS sites. Pap and CVL for HPV detection and typing by PCR were performed on 598 women at core visits; women rece
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Tu.B.2256)
Vaccher E, Spina M, Sopracordevole F, Sandri S, Santarossa S, Boccalon M, Torresin A, Rizzardini G, Conti M, Mangioni C, Scarabelli C, Tirelli U; Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN), Italy. Fax: 434/659531.
Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS and Tumors, C.R.O., Aviano, Italy Objective: To better characterize the natural history of cervical ca in HIV-infected women. Methods: Fifty-four cases, including 35 (65%) carcinoma in situ (CIS) and 19 (35%) invasive ca, collected by the GICAT between November 1986 to April 1995 were
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Tu.B.2258)
Satasit P, Sirisreetreerux R, Kunanusont C; Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Fax: [66]-(2)-5903210.
Objective: To describe characteristics of health care workers who accidentally expose to patients blood or body fluids and request post exposure Zidovudine (ZDV) from the AIDS Division, and to identify determinants of completing the course of 6 weeks administration of Zidovudine among these HCWs. Methods: The AIDS Divi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Tu.B.2259)
Furner VL, Gold J, Melling P, Murphy C, Resnik S, Tomkins M, Schroeder K; Albion Street Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Fax: (612) 332-4219. E-mail: zq.wu@unsw.edu.au.
Hospital personnel are exposed to a variety of occupational hazards. Needlestick injury continues to be a common occupational injury. A New South Wales (NSW) Department of Health Report published in June 1994 stressed the urgent need to develop a coordinated approach to the provision of information, support and referra
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Tu.B.2260)
Lima MAMT, Fukuda Y, Verdeal JC; Hospital da Lagoa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55215110090.
Objective: To detect early abnormalities in the central nervous system of HIV asymptomatic (Group II - Centers for Disease Control - 1986) patients by Auditory Brainstem Evoked Potentials (ABR). Methods: Thirty (15 men and 15 women) asymptomatic HIV-positive persons were submitted to ABR, in low stimulus rate (11 click
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Tu.B.2261)
Rogstad KE, Shah R, Testfaledet G, Abdullah MS, Ahmed-Jushuf IH; Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, England. Fax: 0114 271 3408.
Aim: To evaluate the presence and extent of autonomic dysfunction in native Africans infected with HIV compared with controls. Methods: Tests of autonomic function were performed on 25 patients (7 asymptomatic, 8 ARC, 10 AIDS) and 25 age-sex matched controls, at the Aga Khan Hospital, Nairobi. Tests included heart rate
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Tu.B.2262)
Bohlke A, Roick H, Walter M, Giesen HJ, Hefter H, Arendt G; Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, FRG. Fax: 49.211.81.18469. E-mail: arendt@neurologie.uni-duesseldorf.de.
Encephalopathy and polyneuropathy [PNP] are well known as HIV-1-associated neurological symptoms, but little is known about the involvement of the autonomous nervous system in HIV-1-infection. Project: We performed standardized electrophysiological tests of the autonomous nervous system (sympathetic skin respons
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Tu.B.2263)
Giesen HJ, Hefter H, Roick H, Aulich A, Arendt G; University of Dusseldorf, FRG. Fax: 49.211.81.18469. E-mail: arendt@neurologie.uni-duesseldorf.de.
HIV-1 as a neurotropic virus is known to affect predominantly the basal ganglia thus causing both motor abnormalities and cognitive deficits possibly due to disturbances of frontal-basal ganglia networks. Project: We therefore correlated standard morphometric parameters (CC = distance between the heads of the ca
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Tu.B.2264)
Campbell M, O'Doherty MJ, Barrington SF, Lowe J, Bradbeer CS; St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. Fax: (0171) 620 0903.
Aims:To assess the role of PET scanning in patients with HIV disease and cerebral pathology using 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose and 11C-Methionine. Objectives: The proportion of patients with cerebral pathology is increasing. MRI and CT identify space occupying lesions but are not always able to differentiate tumours from op
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Tu.B.2265)
McLaulin JB, Rosenberg D, Bennett M, Mathisen K; LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA. Fax: 504-482-7850. E-mail: brycemcl@mailhost.accesscom.net.
Objectives: (1) To determine how primary care providers diagnosed HIV dementia in a large HIV outpatient clinic and its affiliated hospital and (2) to devise a means of screening patients at risk for HIV dementia. Methods: Chart abstracts of 103 patients with a preliminary diagnosis of HIV dementia were examined and, s
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Tu.B.2266)
Venkateshan CN, Rodgers-Johnson P, Wilks R, Johnson BK, Bach-Huynh TG, Stone GA, Tun S, Manns A, Gajdusek DC, Gibbs CJ; NINDS & NCI, NIH, Bethesda MD.
Clinical and laboratory investigations of symptomatic and asymptomatic members of a family of a TSP/HAM patients. Project: The patient presented at age 39 with a 4-year history of low back pain together with leg weakness and numbness, and incontinence. Clinically, she had mild hyperreflexia in the upper limbs an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Tu.B.2267)
Sei S, Stewart SK, Farley M, Mueller BU, Robb ML, Brouwers P, Pizzo PA; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: (301) 402-0575. E-mail: seis@pbmac.nci.nih.gov.
Objectives: HIV-1 is often detected in the central nervous system (CNS) of patients with HIV-encephalopathy. Although an administration of zidovudine ( AZT ) may reverse its neurological symptoms, the worsening CNS conditions usually ensue in the majority of cases. We evaluated the amount of HIV-1 RNA and viral resista
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Tu.B.2268)
Collazos J, Blanco MS, Guerra E, Mayo J, Martinez E; Hospital de Galdakao, Vizcaya, Spain. Fax: +34 4 4566268.
Objective: Hypouricemia has been related to cerebral atrophy in AIDS patients, perhaps mediated by a humoral factor emanating from the brain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence that central nervous system (CNS) infections and their treatment had on serum levels of uric acid (UA) in a group of AIDS pati
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Tu.B.2269)
Kayembe K, Tshiala K, Luabeya MK, Mussa M; Department of Neurology, CNPP, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Zaire.
Objective: To assess usefulness of neuropsychological testing in neuroAIDS and tropical neuroendemics as for the profile of cognitive disorders, their discriminating efficiency and predictive value on diagnoses occurrence. Methods: We performed Fostein Minimental test, Blessed scale and modified Sidam test on 30 patien
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Tu.B.2270)
Padro I, Lupo S, Bortolozzi R, Taborda M, Fay O; Center of Technology in Public Health, University of Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Fax: 54-41-370765.
Mucocutaneous lesions (MCL) are commonly found in HIV-infected patients in the course of infection, specially during the advanced stages of disease. The sites most frequently affected are oral and anogenital areas. Objectives: Describe the MCL presented in HIV-infected patients, their evolution and clinical response to
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Tu.B.2271)
Choudri SH, King R, Dancea S, Kimani J, Njagi E, Plummer F; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Objective: To determine the etiology of a chronic pruritic maculopapular skin eruption in HIV-positive patients. Materials and methods: Thirteen HIV +ve female sex workers presenting to the Pumwani Health Clinic, Nairobi, with chronic pruritic maculopapular eruptions were assessed and biopsied. A detailed history and c
Objective: HIV- associated cutaneous disorders are presented in 90% of HIV-infected patients. These disorders usually are serious and atypical forms of common dermatoses or unusual conditions but characteristic of HIV infection such as Kaposi s sarcoma. Our objective is to present a very rare case of parapsoriasis (pit
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Tu.B.2273)
Anselmo M, De Leo P, Repetto L, Marcato P, Barabino GF, Farris A; Ospedale San Paolo, Savona, Italy. Fax: 019/813080.
Introduction: The dermatological symptoms in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are numberless. Among these, infections caused by Sarcoptes scabiei (S.s.) are relatively frequent, particularly in the hyperkeratotic (Norwegian Scabies), or pluriacaric clinical manifestations. A therapeutic approach
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Tu.B.2274)
Maurer TA, Poncelet A, Badger J, Berger TG; San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA. Fax: 415-206-4317.
Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of thalidomide for the treatment of prurigo nodularis (severely itchy skin nodules) in HIV-infected patients. Methods: HIV-infected patients with prurigo nodularis refractory to treatment with high potency steroids, ultraviolet light and antihistamines were enrolled into
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Tu.B.2275)
Allard JP, Aghdassi E, Chau J, Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M, Salit I, Walmsley S; The Toronto Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: (416) 348-0065.
Objectives: To determine the level of oxidative stress in patients with HIV-infection by measuring lipid peroxidation (LP). Methods: Thirty-three subjects (15 HIV asymptomatic, CDC class A1 or A2; 13 AIDS, class A3, B3 or C3; Age: 37 plus or minus 2 y, Body Mass Index: 23 plus or minus 1 kg/m2) without active opportuni
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313 (abstract no. Tu.B.2276)
Schlech WF, Conway B, Haldane H, Hyndman S, Meagher N, Currie M, Singer J, Winther M; Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, Canada.
Objective: To determine the safety of intravenous administration of LiGLA in the treatment of advanced HIV infection. Methods: Lithium gamma-linolenate acid (LiGLA) activity kills HIV-infected cells in vitro. A phase I, dose escalating study of the safety and toxicity of intravenously administered LiGLA was carried out
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313 (abstract no. Tu.B.2277)
Bazin B, Mandelbrot L, Parazzini F; The International "MOD Trial" Group, Villejuif, France. Fax: 33-1-45 59 51 80. E-mail: b.bazin@vjf.inserm.fr.
Objectives: A large proportion of mother-to-child HIV transmission (MCT) is thought to occur during labor and delivery. However, observational studies show conflicting results regarding the effect of mode of delivery (MOD) upon MCT. The international MOD Trial group initiated an international, multicentre, randomised t
Objective: It has been argued that T-cell depletion and neuronal death in HIV-1 infection is due to apoptosis. A drug which prevents this form of cell death was hitherto unknown. Drug: In the present study we demonstrate that flupirtine [trademark Katadolon.], an already clinically used, centrally acting, non-opiate an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313 (abstract no. Tu.B.2279)
Barbarini G, Garavelli G, Grisorio B, Barbaro G, Giangregorio F; S. Matteo University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. Fax: 39-382-423320.
Objective: The purpose of our study was to optimize the dose, schedule and timing of GM-CSF administration in HIV-positive patients presenting HIV-related leukopenia. Subjects and Methods: Since April 1995, 100 consecutive asymptomatic, leukopenic HIV-positive patients (WB Cells count less than 3000) not submitted to a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313abstract no.Tu.B.2280)
O'Connor TJ, Jeffries DJ; The Medical College of St Bartholomews Hospital, West Smithfield, London.
A number of substances have been identified which have either a specific virucidal effect on HIV, or prevent infection of cells in vitro. Key facts are lacking in our knowledge of the efficacy and toxicity of candidate agents and this is a handicap in the planning of clinical trials. Some clinical studies suggest the p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Tu.B.2281)
Poznansky M, Foxall R, Mhashlikar A, Ramstedt U, Coker R, Marasco W, Weber J; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London.
Objective: To determine the efficacy of intracellular antibodies in inhibiting HIV replication in transduced peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and T-cells from HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. Methods: T-cells were prepared from uninfected donors (n = 26), and HIV-infected patients at various stages in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Tu.B.2282)
Mazumder A, Pommier Y, Ojwang JO, Rando RF; Aronex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., The Woodlands, TX, USA. Fax: 713-363-1168.
*Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland USA; **Aronex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., The Woodlands, Texas USA Objective: To determine the mechanism of action of AR177, an oligonucleotide which folds upon itself into a defined structure stabilized by two intramolecular stacked guanos
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Tu.B.2283)
Wallace TL, Ojwang JO, Buckheit RW, Rando RF, Cossum PA; Aronex Pharmaceuticals, The Woodlands, TX, USA. Fax: 713-364-4632. E-mail: tlwallace@AOL.com.
Objective: To determine the in vitro activity, and in vivo pharmacokinetics and toxicology profile of an anti-HIV oligonucleotide (AR177). Methods: AR177, a 17-mer oligonucleotide that is a potent integrase inhibitor, was tested against a variety of laboratory strains and clinical isolates of HIV-1 infected into human
Objective: To assess the early leucocyte response and the pharmacocinetics of GM-CSF and G-CSF after their subcutaneous administration to AIDS patients. Methods: GM-CSF (1.104 plus or minus 0.052 mcg/kg, n=12) or G-CSF (0.980 plus or minus 0.070 mcgr/kg, n=6) was sc administered to 13 AIDS patients. Blood samples were
Objective: To compare the effect of a daily oral supplement containing 500 calories with or without arginine and Omega 3 fatty acid (alpha linoleic acid). Immune function, viremia, nutritional status, body composition and quality of life were the outcome measures. Methods: Six month prospective double-blind placebo-con
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Tu.B.2287)
Kelly M, Carr A, Furner V, Schroeder K, Reider M, Lloyd A; University of New South Wales, Australia. Fax: 02-3851389.
Objectives: To develop a safe and effective outpatient TMP-SMX desensitisation programme. Method: HIV-infected subjects who had developed non-anaphylactoid hypersensitivity reactions (fever, rash, itch) whilst receiving TMP-SMX for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis were recruited. TMP-SMX was administered oral
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Tu.B.2288)
Pereira CM, Schlatter D, Franke LA, Keffer CP; Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre-RS Brasil. Fax: 55-51-330-1618.
Objective: Study the influence of tobacco smoking and the occurrence of Pneumocytis pneumonia ( PCP ) and survival time in patients with AIDS. Population & Methods: A cohort of patients with AIDS diagnosis was establish in 1991 at Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, a national AIDS reference center in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Tu.B.2289)
Bucher HC, Griffith L, Guyatt GH, Opravil M; McMaster University, Ont, Canada. Fax: 905-577-0017.
Objective: In a systemtic overview we examined the efficacy of aerosolized pentamidine, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and dapsone or dapsone/pyrimethamine for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with HIV infection. Methods: We identified all randomized controlled t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Tu.B.2290)
Lee-Pack L, Favell K, Lewis C, Moore M, Chan CK; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Fax: (416)971-6427.
Objective: To describe the pragmatic use of high dose aerosol pentamidine (AP) in the secondary prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) in a group of AIDS patients intolerant of other systemic prophylaxis therapies. Methods: A small group of 14 AIDS patients who developed one or more episodes of PCP despi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Tu.B.2291)
Caumes E, Guermonprez G, Lecomte C, Katlama C, Bricaire F; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France. Fax: 44 24 04 50.
Objective: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMPSMX) desensitization in 48 previously hypersensitive patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and we described factors associated with failure of this procedure. Methods: All HIV-infected patients with a history of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Tu.B.2292)
Pradier C, Dunais B, Bentz L, Oran N, Cassuto JP, Dujardin P, Dellamonica P; Nice University Hospital, Nice, France. Fax: 33.92.03.56.27.
Objective: To evaluate the respective parts of prophylaxis failure, lack of medical follow up and absence of HIV screening in the occurrence of first episodes of PCP between 1991/1992 and 1993/1994. Method: Data were retrospectively reviewed from the DMI-2 data base of the Nice University Hospital, which has been gathe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Tu.B.2293)
Chrysos G, Gargalianos P, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Provis A, Stephanou J, Kosmidis J; General Athens Hospital, Athens, Greece. Fax: +301 7788110.
The aim of this study was to find out the HIV-positive patients with CD4 (+) T-lymphocyte count below 0.2x109 cells/L who do not receive primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (P.C.P) and to investigate the reasons for this fact. We evaluated the occurrence of P.C.P.among 97 HIV (+) patients with fewer
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Tu.B.2294)
Sciandra M, Dassio G, Maiello A, Calvo MM, Meneghin G, Sinicco A; Universita'di Torino Corso Svizzera, Torino, Italia. Fax: 039-11-7761757.
Objective: To evaluate efficacy and tolerability of inhaled pentamidine vs. cotrimoxazole for primary prevention of PCP in HIV + patients. Methods: From January 1993 to February 1995 we enrolled 129 HIV + patients (89 males, 40 females; mean age 30.5 plus or minus 6.8 years; 97 intravenous drug users, 18 homosexual men
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Tu.B.2295)
Oliveira C, Rabadao E, Alves H, Pombo V, Saraiva da Cunha J, Corte-Real R, Melico-Silvestre A; University Hospital Of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Pneumocystis carinii related imagiological findings may be quite variable. We report the case of a young bisexual man who complained of a fever of 3 weeks duration, anorexia, weight loss and night sweats. The roentgenographic findings revealed multiple bilateral round images, surrounded by a thin wall, consistent with
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Tu.B.2296)
Ramos JT, Ruiz-Contreras J, De Jose MI, Pocheville I, Hernandez-Sampelayo T, Cilleruelo MJ, Fortuny C, Ciria L; The Spanish Pediatric-AIDS Collaborative Group, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Ctra de Andalucia, Madrid. Fax: 34-1-3908522.
Objective: To determine the clinical course, laboratory findings and outcome of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) in children infected with HIV. Methods: The medical records of HIV-infected children younger than 15 years of age with a definitive diagnosis of PCP were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 23 episode
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Tu.B.2297)
Casado JL, Antela A, Perez-Elias MJ, Frutos B, Moreno A, Redondo E, Martin-Davila P, Guerrero A; Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. Fax: 341-3368672.
Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of fansidar as prophylaxis against P.carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) and toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) in an AIDS population with poor compliance to other prophylactic regimens. Methods: A review of medical records of 70 patients receiving fansidar (one tablet weekly) since 198
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Tu.B.2298)
Ledergerber B, Flepp M, Schenker C, Luthy R, Egger M; University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: 41 1 255 3291. E-mail: led@uszsira.unizh.ch.
Objective: To examine risk factors for PcP as first AIDS indicator disease within the large, prospective Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS), 1993-94. Methods: Case-control study with concurrent sampling of controls within the SHCS. Cases with PcP as their first clinical AIDS defining event during 1993 and 1994 who attended
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Tu.B.2299)
Gill J, Wilson P, Farmer D, Oster W, Habboubi N; USB Pharma Ltd, Croxley Green, England, UK.
Objective: Neutrexin is a potent inhibitor of P. carinii dihydrofolate reductase and has been shown to be of benefit in the management of pneumocystii carinii pneumonia. ( PCP ). It has shown significant activity in both untreated patients and those intolerant or refractory to the first line treatment of PCP, trimethop
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Tu.B.2300)
Kaplan JE, Jones JL, Hanson DL, Ward JW; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Fax: (404) 639-2007. E-mail: jxk2@cidHIVi.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To investigate risk factors for death from Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) among HIV-infected persons in the U.S. Methods: The Adult Spectrum of Disease Study includes over 30,000 HIV-infected adults greater than 13 years of age in 11 cities in the U.S. and Puerto Rico
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Tu.B.2301)
Ward DJ, Price TA; Price TA
Issues: Pneumocystis pneumonia, formerly the most common opportunistic infection associated with AIDS, can be effectively prevented with prophylactic trimethoprim/sulfamexazole (TMP/SMX). Project: In the recent past multiple regimes have been described for desensitizing patients to TMP/SMX. Many of these regimens are d
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Tu.B.2302)
Sackoff J, McFarland J, Vasquez F, Bryan E, Kammerman S; NYC Department of Health, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 349-5170.
Objective: To describe prescription patterns for PCP prophylaxis among patients with CD4 counts less than 200 cells/uL at hospital-based HIV clinics in NYC. Methods: The Adult Spectrum of HIV Disease study is a multi-site longitudinal study of HIV-infected patients. This analysis draws on patients at five HIV clinics i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Tu.B.2303)
Turner BJ, Markson LE, Cocroft J, Cosler L, Hauck WW; Jefferson Medical College, Phila, PA, USA. Fax: (215) 923-6939.
Objective: Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) should be standard for persons with advanced HIV disease yet low rates of prophylaxis have been reported widely. We examined the association of clinic HIV-specific services with the odds that advanced HIV patients treated in these clinics had PCP prophylax
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Tu.B.2304)
Raychaudhuri SP, Hurley L, Siu S; Kaiser Permanente Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA. Fax: 415-326-1262.
Objective: To compare the clinical course and progress of PCP among the HIV and non-HIV patients. Methods: All cases of PCP diagnosed in non-HIV patients during the period 1979-94 at Kaiser Medical Centers (Northern California) were recruited. Subsequently, age and sex matched HIV patients with PCP were selected. Patie
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Tu.B.2305)
Karagas NV, Rybalkina T, Evseeva L, Manykin A, Raygoza-Anaya M; Ivanovsky Inst. of Virology, Moscow, Russia. Fax: (095) 193-61-83.
Objective: To estimate the propability of pneumocystosis as AIDS- associated diseases it have been investigated 209 serum samples from children and adults infected by HIV and medical staff. Method: Serum samples of HIV-infected patients and medical staff were tested by ELISA (author modification - patent n.1685991 USSR
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Tu.B.2306)
Silva CL, Olhweiler L, Lago I, Goldin JR, Galvao NA, Rotta NT; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Objective: To evaluate the neuropsychomotor development and prevalence of neurologic impairment in an ongoing cohort of seropositive children. Methods: We studied 114 HIV + children between 11/89 and 12/93. Thirteen patients had transfusional-associated HIV infection, 70 were born to HIV+ mothers and 31 were serorevert
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Tu.B.2307)
Schulz R, Steinmuller A, Gerling B, Becker M, Grosch-Worner I; HIV-Tagesklinik/Universitatskinderklinik Virchow, Heubnerweg, Germany. Fax: 0049-30-3035 4373.
Introduction: CMV manifestations (chorioretinitis, gastrointestinal disease) are a known complication in adults and children with progressing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Intravenous (iv) ganciclovir reduces or eliminates CMV virus excretion and CMV viremia during administration. Hence a maintenance therapy is r
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Tu.B.2308)
Castelli G, Gibb D, Debre M, Giaquinto C, Martinez M, Aboulker JP, Darbyshire J; Ospedale del Bambino Gesu, Roma, Italy. Fax: +39 6 68 80 19 31.
Objectives: To undertake clinical trials of therapies for HIV-infected children. Methods: The PENTA trials are co-ordinated by the MRC HIV CTC (UK) and INSERM, SC10( France ). Clinical centres from 10 European countries, Canada and Brazil link with one of the 2 trials centres.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Tu.B.2309)
Mendez I, Torres P, Tossas E, Santiago S, Bonilla L, Jimenez E, Morales J; San Juan City Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Fax: (809) 756-8913.
To describe clinical, immunological and psychosocial characteristic of children mostly with perinatally acquired HIV between 9 y/o and 15 y/o. Project: Descriptive study of 35 patients, 21 of them are surviving perinatally acquired HIV (AIDS) followed at San Juan City Hospital Pediatrics AIDS Program Center (whi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Tu.B.2310)
Jimenez E, Carrer MT, Rivera M, Abreu E, Perez L, Ramos M, Acevedo M; San Juan City Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Lost to follow up and poor compliance are major problems for institutions participating in AIDS clinical trials. Project: The San Juan City Hospital, located at San Juan, the Capital City of Puerto Rico , has been participating in Pediatric NIH founded AIDS Clinical Trials since 1988. Several strategies have bee
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Tu.B.2311)
Matusa R, Tudor G, Ilie M, Manescu M; Spitalul Municipal, Constanta, Romania.
Objective: To determine AIDS-related K.S. relations with AIDS evolution and death. Method And Result: There are 5 diagnosed K.S. cases from among 1200 cases of HIV-infected-AIDS sick children in constanta district. Four of them are boys and 1 girl only. The way of HIV transmission was nosocomial for 3 of them (unsteril
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Tu.B.2312)
Dunn AM, Cervia JS, Burgess A, Grassey C, Hinds G, Cunningham-Rundles S, Noel GJ; Cornell University Medical College-The New York Hospital, New York, New York.
Objective: To examine the immunologic and clinical characteristics of P-HIV children who fail to thrive and compare those characteristics to a cohort of P-HIV children with normal growth. Methods: Analysis of 165 children born to HIV-infected mothers was conducted over a 19 month period assessing the following variable
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Tu.B.2313)
Ibegbu C, Carter A, Kourtis A, Lee FK, Nesheim S, Nahmias A; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Objective: To use L-selectin (a cell adhesion molecule) as a prognostic immunologic marker in HIV-infected children. Methods: Multi-parametric flow cytometry was used to quantitate L-Selectin in 16 whole blood and 6 separated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-infected children and 30 age matched controls. We
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Tu.B.2314)
Lee F, Kourtis A, Henderson S, Nesheim S, Ibegbu C, Nahmias A; Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Objective: Human L-Selectin (LS) is a glycoprotein expressed on the cell surface of granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes, that regulates the homing of lymphocytes to lymph nodes and the extravasation of leukocytes into sites of inflammation. LS is shed from the surfaces of leukocytes after activation and can be dete
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Tu.B.2315)
Kourtis A, Ibegbu C, Lee FK, Clark W, Nesheim S, Nahmias A; Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Objectives: AIDS (and death) within the first year, unique in pediatric population, might reflect viral interference in the development of the immune system. Our study in children with DiGeorge anomaly (DGA) identified a peripheral blood lymphocyte immunophenotypic (IPT) pattern characteristic of thymic deficiency. Thi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Tu.B.2316)
Muther JT, Gaston J, Nesheim S, Sawyer M; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Fax: 404/616-9898.
Parents of HIV-exposed and -infected children are mostly from socially and economically deprived families, who often have difficulty accessing services that their children need such as WIC. This federally financed program provides low-income families with vouchers to purchase essential foods. Project: In 1991, a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Tu.B.2317)
Turner BJ, Casey R, Cocroft JR, Christian C, Gibson E, Fanning TR; Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Fax: (215) 923-6939.
Objective: Because HIV+ children may be at increased risk of injury due to neurologic disease and their social environment, we compared the rates of injuries for an HIV+ cohort in NYS to previously reported rates for African-American children from Philadelphia. Methods: HIV+ children enrolled in NYS Medicaid and delive
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Tu.B.2318)
Pahwa S, Mofenson L, Korelitz J, Meyer W, Rich K, Bethel J, Nugent R; North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York. Fax: 516-562-2866.
Objective: To evaluate levels of NPT & Beta-2M in stored samples from HIV-infected children with mild-moderate HIV disease prospectively followed in the NICHD IVIG Clinical Trial. Methods: Blood was collected for central storage at entry & 3 month intervals during the trial. Frozen specimens from children with
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Tu.B.2319)
Sakane PT, Hamamoto LA, Aquino MZ, Ramos SR, Marques HH, Sato HK; Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 55-11-30665703.
Objective: Since 1985 our institution has attended HIV-infected children (n=205 cases, P2 or P1B) and because of the high incidence of tuberculosis in our state (50 cases/105inhabitants) the authors have a persistent suspicion for tuberculosis when HIV children have respiratory symptoms. Methods: The authors designed a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Tu.B.2320)
Sato HK, Grumach AS, Jacob CM, Pastorino AC, Sakane PT, Aquino MZ, Gutierrez PL, Marques HH; Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 55-11-30665703.
Objective: Since 1985 we have been following an increasing number of children affected by AIDS (n=205). The objective of the present study is to describe clinical data and evolution of pediatric AIDS in a Brazilian population. Methods: We reviewed the charts of 205 children with AIDS, admitted to Instituto da Crianca d
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Tu.B.2321)
Gabev EE, Gabev EB, Mitcheva M, Astroug H, Karaivanova M; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria. Fax: 359-2-710107. E-mail: egabev@bgearn.acad.bg.
Objective: To determine the acute toxicity of previously in vitro proven highly effective (above 60 times as compared to AZT ) anti HIV preparation FTL/AZT/PEBA. (EE Gabev et al. 7th International Conference on AIDS, Italy , 1991, W.A. 1003). Methods: Freeze Thawed Liposomes, containing AZT and Presumably E
Objective: High dose of paromomycin has been proposed for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in patients with AIDS. This aminoglycoside antibiotic is poorly absorbed after oral administration. However, in order to ensure the lack of systemic toxicity, only limited data are available concerning the serum levels of parom
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:321 (abstract no. Tu.B.2323)
Lamson M, Cort S, Macy H, Love J, Korpalski D, Pav J, Keirns J; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT.
Nevirapine , a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), has been developed for treatment of the HIV-1 infection in humans. A randomized, three-treatment, four period crossover study was conducted to determine the effects of food (high-fat breakfast) or antacid (Maalo
Objective: To develop a PPK model which can be used to analyze DLV concentration (conc) data from Phase III studies. Methods: Plasma DLV conc data were pooled from 7 multiple-dose PK studies which included total daily DLV doses of 60-1200 mg and extensive sampling for DLV conc after at least two doses. The database con
Objective: To determine the distribution of nevirapine (NVP), the extent to which it permeates the blood-brain barrier to enter the central nervous system (CNS) and its passage through the placental barrier and distribution in the fetus. Methods: Male and female rats and cynomolgus monkeys were administered 20 mg/kg NV
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:321 (abstract no. Tu.B.2326)
Riska P, Erickson D, Joseph D, Dinallo R, Hattox S; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA. Fax: (203) 791-6003.
Objective: To elucidate the biotransformation pathways and enzymes involved in the metabolism of nevirapine (NVP) in humans and determine the consistency of metabolic pathways across species. Methods: Eight male volunteers received tablets containing 200 mg NVP qd for 2 weeks, followed by 200 mg tablets b.
Objective: To compare methods for gastric acidification in HIV + subjects with spontaneous gastric hypoacidity (GH) in terms of pH effects and impact on pharmacokinetics (PK) of delavirdine mesylate (DLV), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of HIV-1. Methods: Administration of DLV with orange juice (OJ) a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:321 (abstract no. Tu.B.2328)
Maggiolo F, Bianchi W, Tellarini M, Stabeta H, Kuhlmann J, Suter F; General Hospital, Busto Arsizio, Italy. Fax: 331-699411.
Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetic behaviour of intravenous ciprofloxacin in severely ill AIDS patients. Methods: Four hundred mg of ciprofloxacin in a volume of 200 ml were administered over 30 min every 12 hours to a cohort of AIDS patients. Blood samples were obtained after the first dose and at the steady-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Tu.B.2329)
Graciela B, Cahn P, Santarelli M, Rolon M, Oshiro G; Hospital Fernandez, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: (541) 983-7774.
Objective: To study progression to AIDS in a seroprevalent cohort Methods: We studied 328 HIV + patients, on a 6 - months (mo) basis schedule. Median time of follow-up was 41.5 months (7-120). Survival distributions were estimated by Kaplan-Meier s method, and differences in time distributions were evaluated by log-ran
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Tu.B.2330)
Bentata-Pessayre M, Attia M, Campos J, Mercadier A, Mosnier A, Berlureau P, Jarrousse B; Hopital Avicenne, Bobigny, France. Fax: 48 95 58 56.
Objective: To compare CD4 + cells depletion, clinical parameters and disease progression in patients with and without increase in CD8 + cells. To define the immunologic patterns of these CD8 + cells. Methods: Multiparametric flowcytometric analysis together with absolute cell counting in peripheral blood was performed
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Tu.B.2331)
Belanger F, Meyer L, Carre N, Deveau C; INSERM, Bicetre, France. Fax: 331 45 21 2075. E-mail: u292@kb.inserm.fr.
Objective: To assess the influence of age at infection on the progression of HIV infection according to different clinical stages of the disease among non haemophiliac HIV-infected adults. Methods: Among patients included in a prospective cohort study (SEROCO), 393 had a known date of infection and were included a few
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Tu.B.2332)
Izopet J, Massip P, Pasquier C, Marchou B, Sandres K, Cazabat M, Sayada C, Puel J; Place du Docteur Baylac, Toulouse, France. Fax: (33) 61 77 25 42.
Objective: This study compares the plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations of untreated asymptomatic individuals with CD4 cell counts of greater than 200 cells/mm3 that are above and below the 350 threshold. Methods: 112 consecutive untreated asymptomatic HIV-1 infected individuals with CD4 cell counts of greater than 200/mm3
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Tu.B.2333)
Rancinan C, Chene G, Morlat P, Guez S, Dequae-Marchadou L, Beylot J, Salamon R; Universite de Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France. Fax: (33) 56.99.13.60. E-Mail: anrs47@u-bordeaux2.fr.
Objective: To study progression to AIDS or death according to IgE serum level in adults. Methods: A prospective cohort of HIV-infected adults set up for studying allergic symptoms. IgE serum level (Pharmacia FEIA) was systematically measured in 115 patients followed in an infectious ward of a University Hospital. Proba
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Tu.B.2334)
Richard V, Chene G, Morlat P, Trimoulet P, Dabis F, Couzigou P; Universite de Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, France. Fax: (33) 56 99 13 60. E-Mail: anrs47@u-bordeaux2.fr.
Objective: To study progression to AIDS or death according to coinfection with HCV and HBV. Methods: Among a prospective cohort of HIV patients (Aquitaine Cohort), two groups were studied since 1991, when HCV RIBA2 became available: CD500 patients (N=237) were those subjects included with a CD4 cell count greater than
Objective: To determine the effect of Kaposi s sarcoma as the first AIDS-defining event on overall survival in HIV-infected patients. Methods: Retrospective cohort study to compare the survival in 139 HIV-infected patients with Kaposi s sarcoma as the first AIDS defining event (cases) with that of 139 HIV-infected pati
Objective: To determine if frequency of OI s and risk of death varies according to gender and ethnicity. Method: 4,912 HIV-infected individuals were followed over an 11 year period ( 85- 96). Of this number, 938 were female, 3,914 male, 2,954 caucasian, 916 hispanic, and 1,042 were black. There were 2,538 deaths during
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Tu.B.2337)
Brites C, Goyanna F, Franca L, Araujo AG, Harrington W, Badars C; Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Fax: (55 71) 245-7110.
Objective- To compare the clinical evolution of patients infected by the HIV-1, co-infected or not with HTLV-I/II. Methods- We reviewed the medical records of 137 HIV-1 - infected patients, followed at the UFBA s hospital, who had at least 6 months of clinical follow-up. We collected epidemiological, laboratorial and c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Tu.B.2338)
Polomeni P, Tellier A, Koza MA, Rey-Camet M, Roussel V; Centre Hospitalier Emile, Roux, Eaubonne, France. Fax: 16.1.39.59.71.71.
Introduction: Describe the patients compliance with the medical follow-up, considered as a quality indicator of the care provided by a multidisciplinary team, within a hospital structure dedicated to the treatment of HIV-infected patients. Method: An exploratory study was performed on 35 patients, early in 95. Our inqu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Tu.B.2339)
Gallant S, Ricciardi P, Sudre P, Kruseman M, von Overbeck J, Burnand B, Iten A; University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Fax: 0041/21/314 10 08.
Health status, or health related quality of life, is an important descriptive and outcome measurement to consider in HIV+ patients (pts). Such generic instrument allows comparisons with other populations groups. Objectives: To assess the validity of the French MOS-SF-40 in HIV+ pts and to correlate its scores with pts
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:324 (abstract no. Tu.B.2340)
O'Dell MW, Lubeck DP, O'Driscoll P; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Fax: 513-558-4458.
Objective: The Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) is a widely used functional status measure in HIV medicine, however, there is little data on KPS responsiveness to change over time. Therefore, we examine changes in 7 standardized, self-reported health status measures (HSM) in persons with unchanged KPS scores, using a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:324 (abstract no. Tu.B.2341)
Crystal S, Sambamoorthi U; Inst. for Health, New Brunswick, NJ. Fax: (908) 932-6872. E-mail: Crystal@ Zodiac.Rutgers.Edu.
AIDS Research Group. Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA Objectives. To investigate the level, time course, and stability of functional impairment in a population of persons with symptomatic HIV disease observed at monthly intervals; illustrate applic
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:324 (abstract no. Tu.B.2342)
Mukasa DS, Wangalwa SM, Bwire N; Ministry of Gender and Community Development, Uganda. Fax: EIL - 231743.
Young persons living with HIV/AIDS(PWLHA) publicly open about being seropositive are faced with unique feelings and go through diverse problems that highly influence the quality of life they lead. Project: An outreach initiative using PWLHA as communicators for behaviour change was established with a total of 16
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:324 (abstract no. Tu.B.2343)
Hattori M, Tateyama M, Oishi T, Miyasaka S, Fukutake K, Ohmoto Y; Tokyo Medical College, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 03-3340-5448. E-mail: hatt@po.iijnet.or.jp.
Objective: To determine the serum levels of soluble TNF receptors (sTNFRs) associated with decline of CD4+ lymphocyte counts in HIV-1 infection. Methods: Serum levels of sTNFR type I and type II were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Amersham, England) in 65 HIV-1 infected hemophiliacs and 10 healthy contr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:324 (abstract no. Tu.B.2344)
Siby T, Strauss K, Miranda O, Hannet I, Engels S, Diaw PA, Ndaw-Sy M, Marlink R, Kanki P, Mboup S; Laboratoire Bacterio-Virologie CHU A, Dakar, Senegal. Fax: 221.21.64.42. E-mail: mboups@dantec.dantec.sn.
Objectives: To establish a reference range of lymphocyte populations by gender and age in an healthy African population. Methods: Study subjects (n=114) were at least 18 years of age, but not more than 65, and in addition to other inclusion criteria, had no immunological abnormalities and no serious acute illness, mali
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:324 (abstract no. Tu.B.2345)
Albarracin C, Teague C, Layne I, Hernandez JE; West Virginia University, Charleston, West Virginia, USA. Fax: (304) 347-1344.
Objective: Surrogate markers of HIV disease progression are needed for prognostic purposes and to decide on interventions such as initiation or change of antiretroviral therapy and prophylactic therapy. Markers such as CD4(+) cell count (CD4s), have established value but more sensitive markers are needed. Several inves
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:325 (abstract no. Tu.B.2346)
Sakamoto A, Collins D, Guizado RA, Anthony D; East Valley Community Health Center, Pomona, California, USA. Fax: 909-623-4861.
Objective: To demonstrate that following the Logarithm of CD-4 counts (Log CD-4) of HIV-infected patients presents a rational guide to their management. Methods: CD-4 counts of HIV-infected patients who enrolled in our community clinic during the first 21 months of inception and who had at least 3 CD-4 counts were plot
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:325 (abstract no. Tu.B.2347)
Fields-Gardner C, Berger DS, Bucher G, Cohan G, Weisman J; The Cutting Edge, Cary, IL, USA. Fax: 1-847-516-2263. E-mail: 74534.1061@compuserve.com.
Depletion of body cell mass (BCM) is strongly correlated with morbidity and mortality in HIV disease. Therapy efficacy in infectious disease is currently reliant upon prompt diagnosis. BCM decline may precede clinically apparent symptoms and diagnosis. BIA measurements have been validated for body composition es
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:325 (abstract no. Tu.B.2348)
Skowron G, Fisher A, Fisher A, Cole BF; Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. Fax: (401) 456-6839.
Objective: 1) To describe the discordance between absCD4 and %CD4 in a group of patients from a single clinical practice and 2) to describe rates of CD4 cell decline as measured by CD4 absolute counts and percentage. Methods: A group of 149 HIV-seropositive patients (pts) who had greater than or equal 3 CD4 measurement
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:325 (abstract no. Tu.B.2349)
Tubiana R, Carcelin G, Calvez V, Ktorza N, Mengual X, Autran B, Agut H, Katlama C; Bd de l'Hopital, Paris, France. Fax: 42.16.01.26.
Objectives: To determine HIV viral burden and immunological markers using different procedures and to analyse their modifications and correlations in a cohort of patients receiving antiretroviral treatment. Methods: 40 patients with 50 to 500 CD4+ cells/mm3 were enrolled 21 naive patients starting
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:325 (abstract no. Tu.B.2350)
Singer J, Thorne A, Raboud JM, Fanning M, Toma E, Turgeon F, Duperval R, Schlech WF, Cameron DW, Smaill FM, Lemieux C, Senay H, Mackie ID, Mcfadden DK, Williams KE, Thompson GW, Walmsley SL, Shafran S; Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, Canada.
Objective: A randomized open-label trial compared the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin 750 mg BID, ethambutol 15 mg/kg QD, rifampin 600 mg QD and clofazimine 100 mg QD (4-drug) versus clarithromycin 1000 mg BID, rifabutin 600 mg QD and ethambutol 15 mg/kg QD(3-drug) in HIV + patients with mycobacterium aviu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:326 (abstract no. Tu.B.2351)
Thorne A, Singer J, Phillips P, Salit I, Fong I, Gill J, Rachlis A, Lalonde RG, Tsoukas CM, Aoki FY, Raboud J, Toma E, Walmsley SL, Miller M, Bowmer MI, Talbot JA, Chomyc S, Shafran S; Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, BC.
Objectives: We assessed predictors of death and clearance of bacteremia in a cohort of 187 HIV+ patients with mycobacterium avium complex ( MAC ) recruited for a randomized open-label trial comparing the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin 750 mg BID, ethambutol 15 mg/kg QD, rifampin 600 mg QD and clofazimine 100 mg Q
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:326 (abstract no. Tu.B.2352)
Marone P, Bono L, Perversi L, Carretto E; Lab. Sperimentali di Ricerca Pavia, Italy. Fax: 39-382-423320.
Objective: The total number of mycobacteria isolated is increasing annually in many countries, primarily associated with the AIDS epidemic. As a result of this resurgence in mycobacterial infections, clinical microbiology laboratories must detect mycobacteria and determine drug resistance quickly, easily and accurately
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:326 (abstract no. Tu.B.2353)
Antonucci G, Girardi E, Ippolito G; Centro di Riferimento AIDS-Osp. L Spallanzani, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39-6-5594224.
Objective: To analyze the variation in delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response in HIV-infected subjects and the predictive value of this response for the risk of tuberculosis . Methods: A multicentre, prospective cohort study was carried out in 23 Italian hospital units of infectious diseases. 2695 HIV-infected su
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:326 (abstract no. Tu.B.2354)
Valencia ME, Moreno V, Soriano V, Laguna F, Ortega A, March J, Cobo G, Lahoz J; Clinical Investigation Center (CIC), Madrid, Spain.
Introduction: Abdominal TB with splenic and/or hepatic abscesses (SHA) is uncommon in patients with HIV infection and diagnosis may be difficult. We describe a group of patients diagnosed of this form of disseminated TB. Patients and methods: Patients with HIV infection and TB seen during a 18 month period (1/94-6/95)
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:326 (abstract no. Tu.B.2355)
Rivero A, Sanchez MA, Marquez M, Pinedo A, Santos J, Arana C, Juarez MI, Clavijo E, Gonzalez-Santos P; University Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain.
Objective: We describe the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data of patients with HIV infection and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDRT) diagnosed in a reference centre for AIDS, placed in Malaga. Patients and Methods: A case was defined as any patient (who were HIV -positive on serologic testing) with
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:327 (abstract no. Tu.B.2356)
Rutschmann OT, Pechere M, Perneger TV, Opravil M, von Overbeck J, Fathi M, Vadas L, Hirschel B; University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. Fax: +41 22 372 98 20. E-mail: rutschma @ dminov1.hcuge.ch.
Objective: to find routine laboratory tests which could predict survival at time of diagnosis of MOTT. Methods: patients with disseminated MOTT were identified through the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS). Hemoglobin, white blood cell, platelet and CD4 counts were obtained through the SHCS database. Beta-2-microglobulin a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:327 (abstract no. Tu.B.2357)
Stone J, Lamb E, Brown M, Anderson J, Pinching AJ, Parkin J; The Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital, London. Fax: 0171-606-0845. E-mail: j.m.parkin@mds.qmw.ac.uk.
Introduction: The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis is notoriously difficult to make, particularly in the setting of HIV infection. In the western Cape in South Africa where the incidence of TBM is extremely high (689 confirmed cases in 1991) (1), a low CSF chloride (less than 110mmol/1) is used to distinguish tuberc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:327 (abstract no. Tu.B.2358)
El-Sadr WM, Perlman DC, Matts JP, Nelson E, Cohn D, Telzak E, Chirgwin K, Salomon N, Olibrice M, Hafner R; Harlem Hospital Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 939-2968. E-mail: wmel@columbia.edu.
Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA), AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG), NIAID, NIH, USA. Background: The rise of TB among HIV-infected patients and increase in resistant TB have highlighted the importance of identifying new agents and regimens associated with improved treatment outcomes
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:327 (abstract no. Tu.B.2359)
Carey J, Chopra A, Sepkowitz K, Sethi H, Sharp V; St. Clare's Hospital, New York City, NY, USA. Fax: (212) 459 8489.
Objective: To determine characteristics of AIDS patients with MDRTB who survived greater than 1 year. Methods: Retrospective review of all HIV+ patients diagnosed with MDRTB from 1989 to 1995 at an urban hospital. Additional follow up information was obtained from DOH. MDRTB was defined as resistance to at least both i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:327 (abstract no. Tu.B.2360)
Al-Attar J, Carey J, Sharp V; St. Clare's Hospital, New York City, NY, USA. Fax: (212) 459 8489.
Case #1: 45 year old male diagnosed with AIDS in 4/90 when presented with Kaposi s sarcoma CD4 190. Developed pulmonary MDRTB in 6/92. Sensitivity: resistant to INH/RIF/EMB/PZA/SM/KM. Treatment: INH/RIF/PZA/CS/Ethio/CM with good response, later changed to PAS/CS/OFLOX/PZA. Presented in 9/95 with MDRTB meningitis while
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:328 (abstract no. Tu.B.2361)
Carey J, Chopra A, Sepkowitz K, Sethi H, Sharp V; St. Clare's Hospital, New York City, NY, USA. Fax: (212) 459 8489.
Objective: To determine the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of HIV-positive (+) patients diagnosed with multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) from 1989 to 1995 at St. Clare s Hospital (SCH). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all HIV + patients with microbiologically proven MDRTB admit
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:328 (abstract no. Tu.B.2362)
Klaskala W, Williams R, Sosa C, Baum MK; University of Miami, Miami, FL.
Objective: To describe HIV prevalence in relation to incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) among attendants of the Chest Clinics at the Department of Public Health in Miami, Florida. Methods: Review of computerized clinical records of the four Miami TB clinics for 1991- 1995. Results: Of 28,372 clients attending the
Objective: To describe the clinical features of HIV-positive patients from Africa, admitted in an infectious diseases hospital in Rome. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients hospitalized between January 1986 and June 1995 was performed. HIV-positive patients were classified by country of origin. A descripti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:328 (abstract no. Tu.B.2364)
Oliva SM, Redini L, Santucho E, Ortega G, Bases OM, Maranzana A, Carlevaro RO, Benetucci JA; Hospital De Infecciosas Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Objective:To emphasize the characteristics of the cutaneous tuberculosis (cTBC)in patients with AIDS. Method:215 patients with AIDS were attended during 1995. 64 had extrapulmonary TBC; three of them cutaneous lesions. The similarities and differences between them are analysed. Results: All were males, heterosexuals, i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:328 (abstract no. Tu.B.2365)
Miailhes P, Vittecoq D, Mathieu D, David MF; Hopital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.
Objective: To determine factors associated with shorter survival in HIV + patients with DMAC. Methods: Fifty four cases of DMAC were identified from january 1993 to september 1995 (blood and/or bone marrow positive culture). Studied factors were: age, sex, HIV risk-factors, prior opportunistic infection, fever, wasting
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:328 (abstract no. Tu.B.2366)
Vittecoq DF, Mathieu D, Minozzi C, Dumitrescu L, Auperin I, Bary M; Hopital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.
Rifabutin is efficient to prevent MAC infection in AIDS. However, failures may occure which are not related to the emergence of resistant MAC species. Our purpose was to evaluate prospectively some factors specific of the host in a cohort of HIV-infected patients receiving rifabutin and finally to appreciate if
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:329 (abstract no. Tu.B.2367)
Maccabruni A, Caselli D, Marone P, Michelone G, DeiCas A; University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. Fax: 39-382-502601.
Introduction: There is a strong epidemiological evidence linking the outbreak of HIV infection to the rising incidence of tuberculosis (TB). This increase in rate of tuberculosis was initially reported only in adults as a result of immunosoppression-induced reactivation of latent infection; more recently a rising numbe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:329 (abstract no. Tu.B.2368)
Settle J, Fisher E, Weymouth L; Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA. Fax: 804-828-3097. E-mail: efisher@gems.vcu.edu.
Objectives: Compare number of cases/yr of active tuberculosis (TB) and MAC in P of Virginia s largest HIV/AIDS center. (2) Determine total number mycobacterial cultures (MC) done on a subset of these P over the past 18 months. Methods: Retrospective chart/lab review was done to identify confirmed cases of TB and MAC wi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:329 (abstract no. Tu.B.2369)
Minuty JG, Pape JW, Johnson WD; Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY.
Objectives:Determine the importance of TB screening in individuals seen for HIV testing and best clinical criteria by non medical personnel. Materials and methods:From 09/95 to 11/95 446 individuals tested for HIV were evaluated for TB if they had one of the following: a) cough greater than 1 month b) fever greater tha
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:329 (abstract no. Tu.B.2370)
Dollfus C, Courpotin C, Jacomet C, Nicolas JC, Leverger G; Hopital d'Enfants Armand Trousseau, Paris, France. Fax: (33-1) 44.73.65.73.
Objectives: To determine the usefulness of viral load (VL) quantification in a HIV-infected pediatric population, to correlate VL with previously evaluated surrogate markers of evolution and to prospectively assess changes resulting from modifications of antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Population: primary results have
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:330 (abstract no. Tu.B.2371)
Bocket L, Ajana F, Gerard Y, Beuscart C, Hober D, Queyrel V, Bervar JF, Vermersch A, Bonnevie F, Chidiac C, Mouton Y, Wattre P; Service De Virologie-Chru De Lille Bat, Irfpps- Lille, France.
Objectives: To place and to compare the value of plasmatic HIV-RNA copy numbers as the measure of viral load, in relation to other surrogate markers and clinical parameters, in the routine monitoring of HIV-infected individuals. Methodologies: 445 samples from 185 patients from the North France AIDS reference cen
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:330 (abstract no. Tu.B.2372)
Gerard Y, Bocket L, Ajana F, Beuscart C, Leclerc P, De La Tribonniere X, Bourez JM, Valette M, Senneville E, Chidiac C, Wattre P, Mouton Y; North AIDS Reference Center, Tourcoing, France.
Objective: to assess the impact of antiretroviral drugs on plasma HIV RNA levels and the potential clinical utility of this marker in the follow-up of HIV-infected individuals. Methodology: 50 HIV-1 seropositive and antiretroviral-naive subjects were enrolled, within January through December 1995. Serial samples were c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:330 (abstract no. Tu.B.2373)
Dubuis O, Yerly S, Perneger T, Matter L, Perrin L; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Fax: 4131-382-00-63.
Objective: To investigate the cross-sectional associations between HIV viremia and currently used markers. Methods: 398 patients who had frozen plasma collected between 1991-93 were selected after stratification by CD4 cell counts (0-49, 50-199, 200-499, and greater than or equal 500/mm3). Clinical stage and biological
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:330 (abstract no. Tu.B.2374)
Brown TM, Steketee RW, Abrams EJ, Thea D, Lambert G, Greenberg B, Schoenbaum E, Bamji M, Thomas P, Rapier JM, Orloff S, Kalish ML; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-2660.
Objective: Early diagnosis of perinatal HIV infection is increasingly important because interventions are available to infants in the first months of life. Passive transfer of maternal antibodies renders HIV antibody testing inaccurate until the second year of life; polymerase chain reaction amplification of proviral D
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:330 (abstract no. Tu.B.2375)
Brambilla DJ, Bremer JW, Staes B, Michels C, Reichelderfer P; New England Research Institutes Inc, Watertown, MA, USA. Fax: 617-926-8246. E-mail: donb%neri@mcimail.com.
Objective: To ascertain the intra- and inter-assay variability of estimates of viral titer obtained from quantitative microculture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Methods: Data were obtained on 21 proficiency panels from 54 laboratories participating in the Virology Quality Assurance Program. At monthly i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:330 (abstract no. Tu.B.2376)
Falutz JM; Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-937-1424.
Objective: Both primary (1 degree) and secondary (2 degrees) hypogonadism occur in HIV disease, contributing to common clinical manifestations such as fatigue, malnutrition and depression. This study determined the spectrum of pituitary-gonadal relationships in men with a wide range of CD4 counts and varied HIV-associa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:331 (abstract no. Tu.B.2377)
Larsen LE, Wandall DA, Hansen JG, Rosengaard LB, Wandall JH; Frederiksberg Hospital, Fasanvej, Copenhagen. Fax: +45 3834 6550. E-mail: loke1@inet.uni-c.dk.
Wasting and loss of body protein is a problem in the clinical management of patients with HIV. The liver is responsible for loss of nitrogen during a catabolic response but only few studies describe liver function in HIV and AIDS. Objective: of this investigation is to compare the hepatic function in patients with HIV-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:331 (abstract no. Tu.B.2378)
Nemechek P, Wahl D, Sackuvich L; Center for Special Immunology, Prairie Village, Kansas, USA. Fax: 816-384-5373. E-mail: CD4doc@aol.com.
Objective: To determine if standard laboratory interpretations of the Adrenal Stimulation Test (AST) are sufficient to diagnose (DX) clinically significant adrenal insufficiency (AI) in patients (pts) with CDC class III AIDS. Methods: 11 pts with symptoms of fatigue, orthostasis, abdominal pain, and/or weight loss unde
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:331 (abstract no. Tu.B.2379)
Macallan DC, Paton NI, Jebb SA, Noble C, Baldwin C, Pazianis M, Griffin GE; University of California, Berkeley, CA. Fax: 510-642-0535. E-mail: dmacall@nature.berkeley.edu.
Objective: To test the hypotheses: (a) that during HIV-related wasting, lean tissue depletion constitutes an inappropriately large component of the weight that is lost, and (b) that during weight recovery phases, accrual of lean tissue is impaired. Methods: Body weight and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured longitudinal
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:331 (abstract no. Tu.B.2380)
Sattler FR, Antonipillai I, Allen J, Briggs W, Horton R; University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA. Fax: 213-226-2083.
Objective: To determine the profile of steroid sex hormones, especially testosterone (T) and its bioactive metabolite dihydrotestosterone (DHT), in ambulatory AIDS patients with wasting. Methods: Twenty four consecutive HIV patients with wasting (greater than 5% loss of total body weight in 3 months or greater than 10%
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:331 (abstract no. Tu.B.2381)
Mazzoni C, Kleintop M, McKone K, Turner J, Muurahainen N; Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Objective: To evaluate changes in body weight and composition in clinically stable HIV+outpatients (pts.) Methods: Body weight and composition were determined initially and after 6 months in 70 HIV+ clinically stable white males stratified into three CD4 groups based on initial CD4 count (cells/mm3): less than 200 (n=2
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:332 (abstract no. Tu.B.2382)
Engelson ES, Goggin KJ, Rabkin JG, Kotler DP; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hosp. Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 523-3670.
Objective: To determine if there is a relationship between hormonal and nutritional status in women similar to the correlation between testosterone depletion and malnutrition in HIV-infected men, in whom testosterone replacement promotes gain of weight and lean body mass. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:332 (abstract no. Tu.B.2383)
Wheeler DA, Muurahainen N, Elion R, Launer C, Gibert C, Bartsch G; NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: (410) 328-4430. E-mail: dwheeler@HIV.ab.umd.edu.
Objectives: Weight loss is independently associated with an increased risk of death and OC in HIV-infected adults. It is unclear if this relationship is preserved in those with no prior history of an OC. Methods: Data from 4 CPCRA trials were analyzed using time to event methods. Baseline wt was determined at study ent
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:332 (abstract no. Tu.B.2384)
Morgan DR, Steuerwald MH, Garcia-Shelton YL, Scott MK, Keiserman M, Cello JP, Koch J; San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 641-0745. E-mail: hannes@itsa.ucsf.edu.
Purpose: Wasting is a major clinical feature in the majority of patients with HIV disease at some point in their illness. We used multivariable linear regression techniques to examine clinical factors which might be predictive of patients at risk for weight loss in a cohort of patients with early HIV disease. Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:332 (abstract no. Tu.B.2385)
Severson K, Nemechek P; Prairie Village, Kansas, USA. Fax: 816-384-5373. E-mail: KRSever@AOL.COM.
Objective: To compare the relative serum levels of total testosterone (TT) versus free testosterone (FT) levels in patients with HIV and AIDS and associated bioimpedance parameters (BIA, RJL Systems). Secondly, to determine if serum HIV-RNA (bDNA, Chiron Corp.) and CD4 counts are associated with hypotestosteronemia (HT
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:332 (abstract no. Tu.B.2386)
Sharp M, Getty J, Chambers S, Sekeres G; Healing Alternatives Foundation, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-626-0451. E-mail: haf@out.org.
Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor thalidomide for weight gain in HIV-1 (+) clients buying the drug at a community based organization. Methods: Since August 15, 1995, 205 HIV-1 (+) clients were surveyed monthly by mail about demographics, medical history, current symptoms
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:332 (abstract no. Tu.B.2387)
Hellerstein MK, Neese R, Papageorgopoulos C, Hoh R; University of California, Berkeley, CA. Fax: 510-642-0535. E-mail: march@nature.berkeley.edu.
Objective: We measured several kinetic processes in men with AWS and normal controls, using stable isotope/mass spectrometric techniques. Methods: Processes included lipolysis, hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and cholesterol (C) synthesis; hepatic glucose production, pathways of glycogen synthesis, and gluconeogenesi
Objective: This paper explores risk factors for HIV among homosexually-active men living in Sydney, Australia . It focuses in particular on social and contextual determinants of seroconversion. The data are drawn from an ongoing longitudinal cohort study, Sydney Men and Sexual Health (SMASH). Methods: The SMASH cohort
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:333 (abstract no. Tu.C.2389)
Carvalheiro JR, Spink MJ, Veras MA; Pontificial Catholic University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 00-55-11-6052772.
Objectives: Immediate - to determine the incidence of HIV infection and its socio-behavioral correlates in an open cohort of MSM. Long term - to demonstrate the feasibility of vaccine efficacy trials in Sao Paulo, Brazil . Methods: The Bela Vista Cohort Study is a three year follow up of MSM who meet the following crit
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:333 (abstract no. Tu.C.2390)
Antunes CM, Carneiro M, Camara G, Oliveira E, Greco DB; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fax: 55-31-441-9773. E-mail: antunes@i2.com.br.
Objective: To identify risk factors associated with HIV infection among homo/bisexual men, using a nested case-control design, within (a) an ongoing open cohort of HIV-negative volunteers and (b) a group of patients from a Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Clinic. Methods: Among those volunteers being interviewed and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:333 (abstract no. Tu.C.2391)
Seffner F; Support Group For AIDS Prevention (GAPA/RS), Porto Alegre, Brazil. E-mail: seffnerf@vortex.ufrgs.br.
An epidemiological analysis of AIDS in Brazil indicates a clear component of bisexual relationships in men s sexual practices. Bisexuality is much more common than it was believed and it cannot be confused with homosexuality. The stigmatization of bisexual men makes them vulnerable to HIV-AIDS infection, and the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:333 (abstract no. Tu.C.2392)
Gondim RC, Kerr-Pontes L, Martins T, Mota R; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Ceara, Brazil. Fax: 55 85 253-4159. E-mail: gapace@br.homeshopping.com.br.
Objective: To analyze the association between sexual practices and the risk of infection by HIV among men who have sex with other men (MSM) and social and behavioral variables. Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to 401 MSM with the snow ball technique in the city of Fortaleza, the second biggest capit
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:334 (abstract no. Tu.C.2393)
Cornelisse PG, Strathdee SA, Craib KJ, Hogg RS, Montaner JS, O'Shaughnessy MV, Schechter MT; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5464. E-mail: Kevin@hivnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To compare baseline demographic information and risk factors for HIV-1 transmission between seronegative participants in the original Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study (VLAS) and the new Vanguard Project (VP) involving young gay men. Methods: The VLAS recruited 467 seronegative homosexual men during 11/82
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:334 (abstract no. Tu.C.2394)
Izazola-Licea JA, Gortmaker SL, DeGruttola V, Tolbert K, Mann J; SIDALAC, El Arenal-Tepepan, Mexico. Fax: (525)655-82-11.
Objectives: To compare patterns of bisexual behavior with exclusive heterosexual and homosexual men. Methods: A household probability survey was carried out with 8,068 men in Mexico City in 1992-93 using the national health surveys sampling frame. Only men sexually active in the previous 5 years were studied. Results:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:334 (abstract no. Tu.C.2395)
Middelthon AL; University of Oslo Norway, Blindern, Norway.
Objective: The study aims at increased knowledge of young gay men in Norway , their vulnerability for, and their coping strategies towards, HIV infection. This presentation explores condoms as a vehicle for conveying meaning, that is as a sign. Methods: Repeated in-depth interviews over a period of 21 months with 20 me
