Each day, several thousand persons in the world become infected with HIV, with a majority of these new infections occurring in Africa and Asia. For the first time, however, there are glimmers of hope that the HIV/AIDS pandemic can be controlled. Declining infection rates, and increasing rates of safer sexual practices
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:208 (abstract no. Th.17)
Nyirenda K; Minbank Medical Services, Zambia.
Zambia is a poor country. Most people cannot afford basic necessities. The welfare, medical and education services do not provide decent opportunities for the poor. 25% of the sexually active population is HIV+, which combines harshly with extreme poverty. I discovered I was HIV+ at 20, and was chased from home. I fo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:208 (abstract no. Th.18)
Coffin JM; Dept. of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. Fax: 617-636-8086.
Elucidation of the underlying rapid turnover of virus and HIV infected cells in vivo was perhaps the most informative and exciting discovery in HIV and AIDS in the last few years. This observation, based on the rapid drop in virus load following antiviral drug therapy promises to change significantly the way we view im
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:208 (abstract no.Th.20)
Pantaleo G; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Recent studies have clearly indicated that host factors play a crucial role on the course of both bacterial and virus infections. In this regard, several genes have been identified in mice that are involved in resistance to intracellular pathogens. Most of the genes identified influence the resistance to pathogens by m
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:210 (abstract no. Th.A.100)
Weissman D, Rubbert A, Barker TD, Daucher JA, Pettrone K, Fauci AS; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-402-4122.
Objective: To identify factors produced by CD8+ T cells that suppress HIV replication using an in vitro system that models the paracortical regions of lymphoid tissue. Methods: The culture system used dendritic cells (DC) to activate CD4+ T cells in the absence of added mitogen. Two different systems were employed; the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:210 (abstract no. Th.A.101)
Edward B, Bossart KN, Fujimura S, Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 476-8365.
Objective: To determine if CD8+ cells expressing the CD28 molecule are involved in suppression of HIV replication. Methods: CD8+ cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of HIV-infected subjects and cultured for 3 days in medium containing 10% natural IL-2 with or without PHA or anti-C
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:210 (abstract no. Th.A.102)
Blackbourn DJ, Mackewicz CE, Barker E, Hunt TK, Herndier B, Haase AT, Ramachandran B, Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Objective: To compare the noncytotoxic anti-HIV activity of CD8+ cells from the lymphoid tissues and peripheral blood of HIV-infected individuals at different clinical states. Methods: Five HIV-infected patients at different stages of disease were studied. CD8+ cells were isolated from stimulated mononuclear cells (MC)
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:210 (abstract no. Th.A.103)
Fevrier M, Buseyne F, Schwartz O, Stevanovic S, Rammensee H-G, Riviere Y; UVIC, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Fax: 33140613012.
Objective: During HIV infection, a vigorous CTL response has been described, directed against most structural and regulatory viral proteins. Polyclonal CD8+ populations, with or without CTL activity, were able to inhibit HIV replication in vitro, implicating soluble inhibitors. Recent papers suggest that IL 16, RANTES,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:210 (abstract no. Th.A.104)
Smaill FM, Gomez AM, McKay P, Leith J, Kelleher L, Rosenthal K; McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont., Canada. Fax: 905-521-5099. E-mail: smaill@fhs.csu.mcmaster.ca.
Objective: To monitor the natural history of CD8+ anti-CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity (CTL) in a cohort of HIV-positive persons and correlate this activity with clinical progression of HIV disease. Methods: HIV-positive subjects with CD4+ counts greater than or equal to 100/mm3 were studied. At enrollment and thr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:211 (abstract no. Th.A.105)
Sato A, Mackewicz CE, Gaynor RH, Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Objective: CD8+ cells from HIV-infected individuals suppress HIV replication in cultured CD4+ cells by a noncytolytic mechanism that involves a secreted CD8+ cell antiviral factor (CAF). To elucidate the mechanism of the anti-HIV effect of CAF, we examined the inhibitory effect of CAF on transcriptional activity of HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:211 (abstract no. Th.A.140)
Hinkula J, Leandersson AC, Nordlund S, Geretti AM, Bratt G, Popovic M, Sandstrom E, Wahren B; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Department of Virology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Objective: To evaluate the cytolytic T-lymphocyte efficacy in patients to their own T- and B-lymphocytes. Methods: Cells from asymptomatic (greater than 5 years) HIV-1 infected patients with initial greater than 400x109/l CD4+ T-cell counts were studied. Cytolytic T-cell activity was measured with the Cr51 release assa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:211 (abstract no. Th.A.141)
Ishiko H, West K, Zeng W, Spaulding A, Ennis FA; Univ. of Mass. Med. Ctr., Div. of Infect. Dis., Worcester, MA. Fax: (508) 856-4890. E-mail: hishiko@ummed.edu.
Objective: The purpose of our research is to define the CD8+ CTL responses to unique, autologous sequences on HIV-1 gp41 in comparison to the CD8+ CTL responses cross-reactive to prototype strains. Methods: 5 and 3 truncated gp41 RNA sequences of virus particles in the plasma of a patient were amplified by RT-nested PC
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:211 (abstract no. Th.A.142)
Klucking S, Robertson MN, Looney D, Schmidt A, Morton WR, Wong-Staal F, McClure J, Hu SL, Greenberg PD; Universtiy of Washington Retrovirus Lab, Seattle, WA, USA.
Rational: Previous studies have indicated that 2 of 4 macaques infected with the non-pathogenic virus, HIV-2KR, were partially protected from disease when subsequently challenged with the highly pathogenic HIV-2EHO/287 strain. The protected animals, but not unprotected animals, had virus-specific CTL after HIV-2EHO/287
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:211 (abstract no. Th.A.143)
Cham F, Ariyoshi K, O'Donovan D, Goulder P, Gallimore A, Ota M, McMichael A, Whittle H; M.R.C. Laboratories, Banjul, The Gambia, West Africa. Fax: (220) 495919. E-mail: F_Cham@gam.healthnet.org.
Objectives: To study HIV-2 specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte(CTL) activity in mother infant pairs and to study the role of CTL activity in vertical transmission of HIV-2. Methods: Fresh PBMCs were collected from 4 HIV-2 seropositive and 3 HIV-negative mothers and their 9 month old babies. One seventh of PBMCs were stimul
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:211 (abstract no. Th.A.144)
Jesdale BM, Schafer JR, Santiago MLO, Granek JA, Roberts CGP, Koup RA, De Groot AS; TB/HIV Research Laboratory, International Health Institute, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI. Fax: (401) 863-1243. E-mail: William_Jesdale@brown.edu.
Objective: To predict CTL epitopes for selected world populations, using a computer algorithm to identify regions of HIV proteins that may be presented in the context of multiple MHC class I molecules. Methods: Sequences for the HIV-1 gp160 protein from clades A through E, including a common laboratory strain, BH10, we
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:212 (abstract no. Th.A.145)
Hodara V, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Scarlatti G, Esin S, Holmberg V, Libonatti O, Albert J, Wigzell H; Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 54 1 9625404.
Objectives: To analyze the specificity of HIV to replicate and kill different CD4 T+ cell populations in vivo. Methods: Blood samples from 13 HIV-infected individuals (4 at Centers for Disease Control (CDC) stage II, 5 at CDC stage III and four at CDC stage IV) were obtained and PBMC were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque gra
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:212 (abstract no. Th.A.146)
Luscher MA, Bwayo J, Ball B, Plummer F, MacDonald KS, Barber BH; Dept. Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Fax: (416) 978-1938. E-mail: luscher@immune.med.utoronto.ca.
Objective: To understand the mechanism of naturally-arising HIV resistance, which is observed with a frequency of about 5 percent in the prostitute cohort of the Nairobi Sex Worker s study. To better understand the role of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule in HIV resistance, since MHC rarity a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:37 (abstract no. Th.A.147)
Paranjape RS, Lubaki N, Mehendale S, Quinn T, Siliciano R, Bollinger R; National AIDS Research Institute, Bhosari, Pune, India. Fax: 212-791071. E-mail: root@nar.ernet.in.
Objective: To estimate frequencies of precursors of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for different HIV-1 proteins in persons who have seroconverted recently. Methods: Under a collaborative study between National AIDS Research Institute, India and Johns Hopkins University, USA, we have studied precursor frequencies of g
Dithiane-type inhibitors of retroviral zinc fingers inhibit replication of HIV-1 and other retroviruses in cell culture even after the compounds are treated with glutathione. Project: Nucleocapsid proteins (NC) of all lentiviruses and oncoviruses contain highly conserved 14-residue zinc finger motifs having 3 cy
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:212 (abstract no. Th.A.151)
Ueno T, Mitsuya H; Japan Energy Co., Toda-shi, Saitama 335, Japan. Fax: +81-48-443-1605.
Objective: To define enzymatic profiles of recombinat HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) which contains a set of five mutations (A62V, V75I, F77L, F116Y, and Q151M) identified in HIV-1 variants which show resistance to multiple 2 ,3 -dideoxynucleosides (ddNs). Methods: The single nucleotide incorporation assay using hete
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:213 (abstract no. Th.A.152)
Este JA, Schols D, Desmyter J, De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium. Fax: 32-16-33.73.40.
Polyanions are potent inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 in vitro. Polyanionic compounds are known to inhibit virus binding to CD4 positive cells or to inhibit the fusion step of viral infection. Compounds such as dextran sulfate (DS) and heparin have been the subject of detailed study for t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:213 (abstract no. Th.A.153)
Poppe SM, Slade D, Chong K, Hinshaw R, Pagano P, Markowitz M, Ho D, Mo H, Gorman R, Tarpley W; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., Kalamazoo, MI, USA. Fax: (616) 385-6492.
Objective: To fully characterize the antiviral activities of the dihydropyrone non-peptidic HIV protease inhibitors especially with regard to their potency versus HIV-1 isolates highly resistant to peptidemimetic inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir ,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:213 (abstract no. Th.A.154)
Ala P, Huston E, DeLoskey R, Duke J, Korant B, Chang C-H; The DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Co., Wilmington, DE, USA. Fax: 302-695-8667.
Objective: To identify the structural features of HIV-1 protease mutants that confer drug resistance, and utilize this information to improve drug efficacy. Methods: The three dimensional structures of native and several mutant HIV-1 proteases complexed with cyclic urea inhibitors, DMP323 and DMP450, have been crystall
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:213 (abstract no. Th.A.155)
Harvie P, Dusserre N, Desormeaux A, Tremblay M, Beauchamp D, Bergeron MG; Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de I'Universite Laval, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (418) 654-2715.
Objective: To improve the targeting of antiviral agents to lymphoid tissues with the use of liposomes as a drug delivery system. Methods: The pharmacokinetic properties and tissue distribution of free and liposome-encapsulated antiviral agents ( ddC , ddI , foscarnet
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:213 (abstract no. Th.A.160)
Sirera R, Bayona A, Carbonell F, Otero MC, Perez-Tamarit A, Canosa C, Gonzalez-Molina A; Inmunologia Exp., C.Investigacion Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Objective: To establish the relationship between the in vitro production of lympho-monokines and the lymphocyte proliferative responses with the number of circulating cells from HIV-1 positive children born to HIV-1(+) mothers. Methods: In a long term follow-up (11 years), 77 HIV-1 positive and 167 HIV-1 negative (SR;
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:213 (abstract no. Th.A.161)
Holodniy M, Mole L, Schulte M, Suni M, Ruitenberg J, Lalezari J, Maino V, Schnittman S; VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA. Fax: 415 858-3978. E-mail: hf.myh@forsythe.stanford.edu.
Objective: To monitor lymphocyte activation and cytokine expression in peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells and lymph node (LN) derived cells, before and after zidovudine (ZDV) therapy in HIV seropositive individuals. Methods: HIV seropositive subjects who were drug naive, had blood taken and lymph node biopsies per
Objective: To study secretion in peripheral mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures of TNF and TNF-related molecules from HIV-positive patients at different stage of disease, and to correlate them with type 1 and type 2 cytokine profiles. Methods: ELISA assays were used to measure sCD30, p24 and cytokine levels in unstimulate
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:214 (abstract no. Th.A.163)
Boullier S, Lafeuillade A, Roue R, Gougeon ML; Unite D'oncologie Virale. Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Objectives: We have previously demonstrated a strong peripheral increase of the Vdelta1gammadelta T cell population during HIV infection. TCR repertoire analysis indicated that this expansion was polyclonal and in addition the in vivo expanded Vdelta1T cell subset was in a preactivated state (JI. 1995, 154: 1418). Seve
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:214 (abstract no. Th.A.164)
Moller B, Storgaard M, Jinquan T, Mukaida N, Matashima K, Thestrup-pedersen K, Black FT; Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Marselisborg Hospital, Denmark.
Objective: To investigate the effects of TH1- and TH2-like cytokines on the expression of IL-8RA and IL8-RB in B lymphocytes. We compared the effects in normal B lymphocytes and B lymphocytes from HIV-infected individuals. Methods: B lymphocytes were separated from whole blood by an immunomagnetic technique, followed b
Objective: Determine the immune profile in Ethiopian immigrants in Israel infected with African subtype C of HIV-1 in comparison with Israelis infected with North American subtype B and with non infected Ethiopian and Israeli controls. Study: Immune activation markers, apoptosis, cytokine profile and parasitic infectio
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:214 (abstract no. Th.A.260)
Greenberg AE; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Fax: 225-24-29-69.
To be effective, HIV/AIDS researchers in developing countries must strive to define relevant research priorities and must successfully confront a series of logistic and ethical challenges. After more than a decade of critical work describing the magnitude of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the developing world, it is imperati
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:215 (abstract no. Th.A.264)
Zekeng L; Cameroonian AIDS Control Programme, Yaounde, Cameroon.
When little money is available for testing, screening blood for HIV and HBV prior to transfusion is absolutely a priority, in developed countries, implementation of several strategies for the blood banking systems have effectively limited the spread of bloodborne HIV transmission. In resource-limited settings (especial
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:37 (abstract no. Th.A.266)
Sabatier R; Southern African AIDS Training Programme (SAT), Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: (613) 725-9826.
The School without Walls (SWW) was developed by the Southern African AIDS Training (SAT) Programme with funding from the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) as a training mechanism. SWW aims to help strengthen the AIDS response capacity of community organisations by providing opportunities for the exchange
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:215 (abstract no. Th.A.270)
Guo HG, Colombini S, Raffeld M, Hayward G, Nicholas J, Gallo RC, Jiang YW, Reitz MS; Institute of Human Virology, MBC, UMBI, Baltimore, MD. Fax: 410-706-8184.
Objective: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) is a virus whose existence has been inferred by analyses of DNA fragments obtained by subtractive hybridization techniques from DNA of Kapposi s sarcoma (KS) lesions. Although it is present in some normal tissue, it is highly prevalent in KS tissue, and may play an etiologic role i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:215 (abstract no. Th.A.271)
Buonaguro FM, Beth-Giraldo E, Tornesello ML, Monaco M, Downing R, Biryahwaho B, Sempala SDK, Giraldo G; Ist. Naz. Tumori "Fond. G. Pascale", Div. Virologia, Naples, Italy. Fax: +39-81-545.1276.
Objectives: To detect and determine the role of DNA viruses, particularly Herpesviruses (HHV-8, HHV-6, HCMV) and papillomaviruses (HPVs), in KS pathogenesis Methods: DNA extracted from 61 biopsies of classic (CKS), endemic/African (AKS), epidemic (EKS) and iatrogenic (IKS) [obtained from
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:215 (abstract no. Th.A.272)
Biberfeld P, Ekman M, Kaaya EE, Jagdahl L, Linde A, Biberfeld G; Immunopathology Lab., Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Fax: 46-8-345 820. E-mail: Peter.Biberfeld@onkpat.ki.se.
Objective: To study the prevalence of HHV8 in Swedish and Tanzanian HIV+/- patients with/without Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) (110) or malignant lymphoma (ML) (25). Material and Methods: Biopsies from involved and non involved tissues including PBMC of men, women, children were studied by PCR for HHV8 DNA (Chang, Y. et al., S
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:215 (abstract no. Th.A.273)
Blackbourn DJ, Ambroziak JA, Lennette ET, Nelson J, Northfelt DW, Gullett J, Glogau RG, Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 476-8365.
Objective: To determine whether the Kaposi s sarcoma (KS)-associated novel gammaherpesvirus-like DNA sequences are associated with an infectious agent. Methods: The novel herpesvirus DNA sequences were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) according to Chang et al. (Science 266: 1865; 1994). The putative viru
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:215 (abstract no. Th.A.274)
Gao SJ, Kingsley L, Hoover D, Rinaldo C, Saah A, Phair J, Detels R, Spira TJ, Holmberg S, Chang Y, Moore PS; Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Objective: To determine the presence of specific antibodies to KSHV in patients with AIDS and their prevalence in the general population. Methods: A Western-blotting assay was developed for the detection of antibodies to two latent nuclear antigens (LNAs) of KSHV. The sensitivity and specificity of the serologic assay
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Th.A.275)
Strand K, Rose T, Tsai CC, Schaefer G, Schultz E, Morton W, Bosch ML; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Fax: (206) 543 3873. E-mail: marnix@u.washington.edu.
Objective: To identify the potential presence of herpesvirus sequences in simian retroperitoneal fibromatosis (RF), a fibroproliferative disease that is similar to human Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Methods: We have used a degenerate-primer based PCR approach to search for herpesvirus-like sequences in tissue samples of RF.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Th.A.280)
Johnston MI, Berkley S; The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Washington, DC, USA. Fax: 202-408-1818. E-mail: 103645.1720@compuserve.com.
Progress in understanding HIV pathogenesis has been remarkable and continues at a healthy pace. Several therapies to combat HIV and the opportunistic infections associated with AIDS are available in more developed countries. While behavioral and other preventive interventions have been of some success in preventing new
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Th.A.283)
Killen JY, Fast P, Hoff R, McNamara J, Schultz A; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIAID), National Institutes (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA. E-mail: jk31e@nih.gov.
The identification of a safe and effective vaccine is of the highest priority to worldwide efforts to control the HIV epidemic. The ideal HIV vaccine will be free of serious side effects, inexpensive to manufacture, and easy to store and administer anywhere in the world. It will provide protection which is effective ag
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Th.A.285)
Mbidde KE; Uganda Cancer Institute, Makerere Medical School, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 41-532-282. E-mail: ekmbidde@mukla.gn.apc.org.
What is the role of developing countries in research, development and testing of HIV vaccines? Magnitude of the problem: The HIV epidemic continues to spread seemingly unabated especially in developing countries in the face of interventions of proven efficacy which poor nations cannot afford. Of the 40M people p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:216 (abstract no. Th.A.380)
Morozov A, Cheng G, Marmon S, Kalpana GV; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. Fax: 718-430-8778. E-mail: kalpana@ae.com.yu.edu.
Objectives: To understand the role of host factors in HIV-1 integration. Previously we identified a novel host factor Inil (Integrase interactor-1) that specifically binds to HIV-1 integrase (IN) and stimulates its joining activity. Inil is a human transcription factor involved in reorganizing the chromatin, is part of
We have previously demonstrated that HIV/SIV virion associated accessory proteins (Vpr, Vpx, Vif) can be utilized to target biologically active fusion proteins to the virus particle. In this paper, we examined whether coexpression of Vpr-integrase fusion proteins can restore the biological activity of int-mutant HIV-1
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:217 (abstract no. Th.A.382)
Erickson-Viitanen S, Ozturk D, Choi HK, Sheng N, Tritch R, Petit S, Swanstrom R; The DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Co., Wilmington, DE, USA.
Introduction/Objectives: The nucleocapsid protein of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus plays both structural and functional roles in the assembly of mature, infectious virions. During the assembly process, nucleocapsid protein is produced from its precursor p15NC by specific cleavage mediated by the viral protease. Our
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:217 (abstract no. Th.A.383)
Tang XB, Hildreth J, Yu XF; Dept. of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-955-0105.
Objective: A critical step during HIV-1 assembly is to incorporate viral Env proteins into mature virions. During budding, certain cellular glycoproteins are also incorporated into HIV-1 virions. Viral Env and cellular glycoproteins play important roles in virus infectivity and pathogenesis. We have been interested in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:217 (abstract no. Th.A.384)
Luciw PA, Cheng-Mayer C, Khan I, Sawai ET; Dept. Med. Path., University of California, Davis, CA. Fax: 916-752-4548. E-mail: PALuciw@UCDavis.edu.
Objective: Nef, an accessory gene of HIV and SIV, is dispensable for viral replication in T-lymphocytes in tissue culture; however, this viral gene is important for high virus load and AIDS pathogenesis in the susceptible host. In infected lymphoid cells, Nef interacts with a cellular serine kinase which phosphorylates
Objective: To determine which domains are necessary and sufficient for the incorporation of glycoprotein into HIV-1 particles. Methods: Vectors encoding mutated and chimeric HIV-1 Env gene products were coexpressed with a vector encoding all the HIV-1 structural proteins except Env and resulting in the production and r
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:217 (abstract no. Th.A.390)
Capobianchi MR, BarresiC, Gessani S, Borghi P, Fantuzzi L, Ameglio F, Belardelli F, Dianzani F; Institute of Virology, University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy. Fax: 39.6.4469024. E-mail: Virosap@flashnet.it.
Objective: To explore the possibility that HIV could stimulate human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in monocytes by indirect mechanisms. Methods: Freshly isolated normal monocytes were exposed to recombinant HIV-1 structural proteins, then infected with HCMV. The extent of HCMV infection was evaluated by both immedia
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Th.A.391)
Shepp DH, Match ME, Ashraf AB, Lipson SM, Millan C, Pergolizzi R; Div. of Infectious Disease, North Shore Univerity Hospital, Manhasset, NY. Fax: (516) 562-2626.
Objective: To assess the effect of variation in the gB gene of CMV on disease expression in patients with AIDS. Methods: CMV isolates from the blood of 44 patients with AIDS were studied. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a 550-556 nucleotide segment of the gB gene. Strains were assigned to 1 of 4 gB
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Th.A.392)
Mazzulli T, Wood S, Chua R, Phillips A, Fong IW, Rachlis A, Krajden M, Mortimer C, Clark J, Walmsley S; Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 416-586-8746.
Objective: To prospectively evaluate the utility of the CMV antigenemia assay and a DNA hybridization assay as early predictors of CMV disease in HIV-infected persons at high risk for developing end-organ CMV disease. Methods: HIV-positive patients with CD4 cell counts less than or equal to 50 x 106/L, with no evidence
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Th.A.393)
Jabs DA, Dunn J, Enger C, Forman M, Bressler N, Charache P; CMV Retinitis and Viral Resistance Study, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-955-0629.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) isolates resistant to ganciclovir or foscarnet at the time of diagnosis of CMV retinitis, prior to the initiation of therapy. Methods: Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and newly diagnosed CMV retinitis were enrolled in a prospecti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Th.A.394)
Bowen EF, Wilson PM, Davey C, Johnson MA, Griffiths PD; Virology Department, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 0171 830 2854.
Objectives. We have previously shown how quickly asymptomatic peripheral cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis spreads to become sight threatening if untreated (Bowen et al. Lancet 1995, 346: 1671-1673). We know that 86% patients with retinitis are CMV PCR+ at diagnosis and therefore set out to evaluate the use of polymera
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:218 (abstract no. Th.A.395)
Gingeras TR, Berno A, Chee M, Drenkow J; Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA. Fax: 408-481-0422.
Objective: The development of a high density oligonucleotide array assay (Myco GeneChip assay) capable of detecting mutations conferring rifampin resistance and of identifying and differentiating Mycobacterium species present in HIV-1 infected patients. Methods: The nucleotide sequence of a 705 base pair region of rpoB
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Th.A.920)
Valli PJ, Lukashov W, Heeney JL, Goudsmit J; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: (31-20)-691-6531.
Objective: To study the interrelations between SIVsm virulence and envelope evolution during adaptation to a new species. Method: An Asian macaque was experimentally infected with 5x10(2) infectious doses of SIVsmB670 and upon cuthanization due to AIDS 2x10(6) PBMCs from this macaque were used to infect a second macaqu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Th.A.921)
Miller MD, Warmerdam MW, Benitez B, Greene WC; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 826-1514. E-mail: Michael_Miller@quickmail.ucsf.edu.
Objective: To determine how Nef enhances HIV-1 infectivity and promotes viral pathogenicity. Methods & Results: Our previous studies have demonstrated that Nef expression in virus producing cells is able to function in trans to enhance the infectivity of Nef-defective HIV as measured in subsequent target cells. The
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Th.A.922)
Sullivan PS, Simon P, Ward JW, Britvan L, Gould K, Dryjanski J, Schable CA, Rayfield M, Otten R, Subbarao S, Schochetman G; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Fax: (404) 639-2980.
Background: Group O variants of HIV, found in patients from West African countries, are genetically divergent from the group M strains commonly found in the United States (US). Group O strains elicit an antibody response that is inconsistently detected by commercially available EIA (CA-EIA) antibody assays used in the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Th.A.923)
Boyer JD, Ugen KE, Wang B, Bagarazzi M, Chattergoon M, Javadian A, Ciccareli R, Coney L, Weiner DB, Carrano RA; Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
We have previously reported on the utility of DNA inoculation as a vaccine strategy for HIV-1. Chimpanzees were immunized with two DNA vectors coding for either the HIV-1 env protein, strain MN or the gag/pol proteins, strain IIIB under the control of CMV promoters. Both cellular and humoral immune responses were induc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Th.A.924)
Ascher MS, Krowka J, Gesner M, Sheppard H; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, Berkeley, CA. Fax: (510) 540-2127. E-mail: mascher@hwl.cahwnet.gov.
Objective: To determine if plasma levels of RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein type I (MIP1alpha), and MIP1beta are correlated with HIV burden, the rate of disease progression, in vivo CD8+ lymphocyte levels or other markers of immune activation. Methods: Plasma or PBL from HIV-infected (HIV+) rapid-progressor (RP
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Th.A.925)
Cartier C, Deckert M, Grangeasse C, Trauger R, Jensen F, Bernard A, Cozzone A, Desgranges C, Boyer V; INSERM, Lyon, France. Fax: 33/72 68 19 71. E-mail: boyer@lyon151.inserm.fr.
Objective: To determine if a protein kinase activity would be associated with HIV-1 viral particles. Methods: In vitro phosphorylation assays were performed with viral particles purified through chromatography in presence of gamma32P-ATP to demonstrate the presence of a kinase activity. Bidimensional gel electrophoresi
Objective: To define specific cellular kinases participating in HIV-1 cytopathicity and propagation. Methods: Primary isolates and laboratory adapted strains of HIV-1 with varying cytopathic effect, defined by their ability to acutely deplete CD4+ T cells in vitro, were used to infect PHA-activated mononuclear blood ce
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:18 (abstract no. Th.A.927)
Deng H, Liu R, Ellmeier W, Choe S, Unutmaz D, Burkhart M, Di Marzio P, Marmon S, Sutton RE, Hill CM, Davis CB, Peiper SC, Schall TJ, Littman DR, Landau NR; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Centre, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 725-1126. E-mail: ned@adarc.nyu.edu.
Entry of HIV-1 into target cells requires cell surface CD4 as well as additional host cell cofactors. A cofactor required for infection with virus adapted for growth in transformed T cell lines was recently identified and named fusin. Fusin, however, does not promote entry of macrophage-tropic viruses that are believed
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Th.A.928)
Shankar P, Serulneck TM, Dezube BJ, Lieberman J; The Center for Blood Research, Boston, MA. Fax: (617) 278-3493. E-mail: lieberman@cbr.med.harvard.edu.
Objective: To determine whether lytic infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with the newly described herpesvirus (KSHV) can be blocked by drugs that inhibit herpesvirus DNA polymerase. Methods: RNA and DNA were isolated from the PBMC of 5 HIV-infected patients with Kaposi s sarcoma either before or aft
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Th.B.110)
King R, Choudhri SH, Nasio J, Gough J, Wilkins J, Plummer FA, Ronald AR; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Fax: 204-233-7125.
Objective: To determine if the clinical and histological features of chancroid are altered by HIV infection. Methods: Male patients presenting to the Nairobi special treatment clinic with a clinical diagnosis of chancroid were eligible for the study. A detailed history, physical examination, swabs for H. ducreyi cultur
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Th.B.111)
Malonza I, Tyndall M, Hawken M, Bukusi E, MacDonald K, Maclean I, Perriens J, Ronald AR, Ndinya-Achola JO, Moses S; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, East Africa. Fax: 254-2-712007. E-mail: plummer@bldgHSC.Lan1.Umanitoba.CA.
It is now recognized that HIV transmission can be reduced through the control of other STDs, particularly those which cause genital ulceration. However, there are limited data available on effective treatment for chancroid. In particular, the efficacy of single-dose regimens has not been well
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Th.B.112)
Taelman H, Tyndall MW, Gichangi P, Omollo DO, Omar S, Ombete J, Mohamedali FY, Ndinya-Achola J, Temmerman M; University of Nairobi, Department of Medical Microbiology, Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: 254 2 442082.
Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of urethral pathogens, syphilis and HIV-1 infection among patients with acute urethritis (AU); 2. To asses the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis in this population; 3. To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of the leukocytes esterase (LE) test in urine. 4. To assess the effica
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Th.B.113)
Cohen C, Sinei S, Reilly M, Stamm W, Eschenbach D, Holmes K, Ndinya-Achola JO, Karanja J, Kreiss J; Medical Microbiology Annexe, Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: 254-2-712007.
Introduction: This study was undertaken in order to determine the effect of HIV infection upon PID, the microbiologic etiology of PID, and the accuracy of the WHO clinical criteria for PID using diagnostic laparoscopy as the gold standard. Methods: Patients who met the WHO clinical criteria for acute PID at Kenyatta Na
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:219 (abstract no. Th.B.114)
Warren D, Klein RS, Brown W, Sobel J, Schuman P, Anderson J, Cu-Uvin S, Mayer K, Holmberg S, Duerr A; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 770/488-5965. E-mail: dyw3@ccddrhl.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To determine prevalence of and factors associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) in HIV - infected (HIV +) women and women at risk for HIV infection (HIV-). Methods: Women enrolled in the multi-site HER Study were interviewed and had a physical exam (study visits were not symptom driven). Specimens were obtai
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Th.B.115)
Danguilan CR, Tempalski B, LaGuardia KD; The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-746-8762.
Objective: To define clinical, diagnostic, and demographic risk factors associated with genital ulcer disease (GUD) in a cohort of HIV + women. Methods: Four hundred and twenty-eight HIV + women were followed from 10/89-4/95 (64 mos). GUD cases were defined as women presenting with vulvar and/or vaginal ulcers, defined
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Th.B.116)
Temmerman M, Kidula N, Tyndall M, Ndinya-Achola J, Rukaria-Kaumbutho, Muchiri L; International Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Ghent, Belgium. Fax: 32 9 240 3867.
Objectives: 1) To study the burden of disease of reproductive tract infections (RTI) and cervical lesions in women attending a family planning (FP) clinic in Nairobi, Kenya and, 2) to assess the feasibility of integrating reproductive health care services into existing FP facilities. Methods: In a FP clinic in Nairobi,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Th.B.170)
Haslett PA, Tramontana JM, Burroughs M, Hempstead M, Kaplan G; The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Objectives: To evaluate the toxicities of thalidomide treatment in HIV-1 infected patients. Methods: Prospective study of the safety of thalidomide in adults with HIV-1 disease. Results: Thalidomide was administered to 42 patients at various stages of HIV-1 disease for a course of 21 to 28 days. The starting daily dose
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Th.B.172)
Gomatos PJ, Reiter WM, Keller RH, Tomaka F, Giannetti B, Uribe MR; Center for Special Immunology, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA. Fax: 954-767-9443.
Objective: To determine the effect in late-stage AIDS patients of monthly transfusion (TR) of human IVIG and cross-matched (X-matched) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Methods: Patients with late-stage AIDS received monthly TR of 12-15g of human IVIG followed by 1-4 x 109 X-matched PBMC from single haplotype-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Th.B.173)
Ben Amar M, Morisset R, Poirier G, Ghadirian P; Research Center, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-843-2715.
Objective: To assess the long-term effects of GSPH-1 on CD8+ lymphocytes and to determine if a correlation exists between CD8+ cell stimulation and the clinical status of patients. Methods: GSPH-1, an oral vegetal preparation, was administered to 10 HIV-infected subjects with CD4 counts ranging from 76 to 422 cells/mm3
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:220 (abstract no. Th.B.174)
Gringeri A, Santagostino E, Cusini M, Muca-Perja M, Gucciardo G, Mannucci PM, Hermans P, Burny A, Chams V, Zagury JF, Bizzini B, Zagury D; A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia & Thrombosis Center, Institute of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Maggiore Hospital and University of Milan, Italy. Fax: +39-2-54.57.074.
Subjects: Forty HIV-1-infected patients, at early stage of disease (asymptomatic with CD4 cell counts 300-600) and without concomitant or pregressed antiretroviral therapy and 11 at more advanced stage of disease (asymptomatic but with CD4 cell counts 100-400/mm3) already on antiretroviral therapy, have been followed.u
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Th.B.175)
Blick G, Scott WF, Crook SW, Buchanan SL, Garton T, Hopkins U, Vadeboncoeur AM, Bulcraig IA, Karpas A; Southern New England Community Consortium, Greenwich, CT, USA. Fax: 203 622 1499. E-mail: BLICKMD@AOL.COM.
Objective: To demonstrate the safety and possible efficacy of Passive Immunotherapy administered to individuals with AIDS and of Therapeutic Plasmapheresis of asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals. Methods: Fifty-nine patients with a mean CD4 count of 55 and a mean HIV p24 antigen of 328pg/ml were transfused monthly wi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Th.B.176)
Marriott JB, Cookson S, Carlin E, Youle M, Hawkins D, Nelson M, Pearson M, Vaughan A, Gazzard B, Dalgleish A; Division of Oncology, CMS, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK. Fax: +44-181-725-2992. E-mail: jmarriot@sghms.ac.uk.
Objective: To determine the safety, efficacy and effect on a variety of immunological and biochemical parameters of thalidomide when given to human immunodeficiency virus positive asymptomatic positive patients. Methods: Nineteen male patients who had to satisfy criteria for inclusion in groups II, III, IVA or IVE of t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Th.B.177)
Guerra EC, Pontesilli O, Mezzaroma I, Varani AR, Carlesimo M, Ricci G, Pinter E, Scala E, Antinori A, Ammassari A, De Luca A, Murri R, Visconti E, Vella S, Ortona L, Aiuti F; Catteora Di Allergologia E Immunologia Clinica, Viale Dell Universita, Roma, Italy. Fax: +39+6+4463328.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of rgp 160 (VaxSyn(Registered), MicrogeneSys Inc. Meridien CT, USA) immunotherapy associated or not with AZT on safety and immuno- virological markers, in asymptomatic HIV- infected patients with CD4 counts greater than 400 and less than 600 cells/mmc. Methods: Ninety-nine patients we
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:221 (abstract no. Th.B.180)
Garth V, Wolf E, Zander K, v Steinbuechl N, Gorriahn D, Bauer G, Albrecht H, Poppinger J, Jaegel-Guedes E, Jaeger H; KIS, Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munchen, Germany. Fax: 0049-89-532 86 51.
Rationale: In an open label pilot phase several patients seemed to profit from treatment with Peptide T. Symptoms like difficulties concentrating, pruritus, nycturia, neuropathy and muscle pain improved in these patients. These clinical impressions had to be validated in a placebo controlled clinical trial. Objectives:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Th.B.181)
Rodriguez JC, Mora A, Blazquez JC, Escolano CM, Royo G, Martin-Hidalgo A; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Spain. Fax: 96-6606108.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of PCR to detect T. gondii-DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from AIDS patients with CT. Methods: Retrospective study. 219 samples of CSF were analysed. Group I: 16 samples of CSF from HIV-infection patients with verified CT by finding at CAT-scan and response at treatment, 5 patients
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Th.B.182)
d'Arminio-Monforte A, Vago L, Nebuloni M, Formenti T, Sala E, Gervasoni C, Costanzi G, Moroni M; Pathology Department, L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Italy. Fax: +39-2-3560805.
Objective: to evaluate the frequency of the clinical and autopsy diagnoses of opportunistic diseases of cns (c-od) in a consecutive series of AIDS patients (pts) with autopsy examination; to establish the rate of concordant and discordant diagnoses for each disease. Methods: 528 AIDS pts diagnosed and died at our Depar
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Th.B.183)
Elliot BC, Aromin I, Flanigan TP, Mileno M; The Immunology Center, Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI. Fax: (401) 751-2398.
Objective: Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy , a disease which causes demyelination of the white matter of the brain, is currently untreatable in patients with AIDS and quickly progresses to death. Methods: A 35 year-old male diagnosed with AIDS-associated PML by MRI presented with marked expressive aphasia an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Th.B.184)
Levine A, Tulpule A, Espina BM, Von Hoff D, Tessman D; USC Norris Cancer Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Fax: (213) 764-0060.
Prognosis for patients with AIDS-related primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is very poor, with median survival of 2-3 months, despite radiation. Mitoguazone dihydrochloride (MGBG) at a dose of 600mg/m2 given intravenously on day 1, 8 and then every 2 weeks has shown activity in patients with relapsed or refr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Th.B.185)
Bouwman FH, Skolasky R, Dal Pan G, Glass J, Selnes OA, McArthur JC; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: (410) 955-0672.
Objective: To characterize the clinical course of HIV-associated dementia (HAD), and to identify predictive markers of rapid progression. Methods: A prospective, consecutive series of 71 patients diagnosed with HAD (1984-1994) through the Johns Hopkins University HIV Neurology Program. Autopsy was performed in 38 of th
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:222 (abstract no. Th.B.186)
Pascual B, Iranzo A, Marti-Fabregas J, Domingo P, Barrio JL, Fuster M, Ris J, Sambeat MA, Cadafalch J, Nolla J; Department of Internal Medicine. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 34-3-2919269.
Aim of the study: To describe the incidence, etiology and clinical findings of new-onset seizures in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Methods: A prospective study of 550 HIV-infected patients from January 1995 to December 1995. In each patient a clinical history and neurologic examination was
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Th.B.190)
Butters E, Webb D, Hearn J, Higginson I; Health Services Research Unit, London School of Hygiene, London, UK. Fax: (+171) 580-8183 E-mail: E.Butters@LSHTM.ac.uk.
Objectives: To compare the process and outcomes of care provided by HIV/AIDS clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) and a multi-disciplinary palliative care team. Methods: Prospective clinical audit of consecutive referrals to all services for between 6 to 16 months. The Support Team Assessment Schedule (STAS) was the main
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Th.B.191)
Lobb DJ, Kuhl D, Fraser J, Costley-White K, Cummings M; Palliative Care Unit, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5229.
There is a great need for integrated palliative care services for persons living with AIDS. Project: There has always been question regarding when does palliative care begin, where is it best provided and who should receive it? An integrative palliative care unit for persons with AIDS and cancer was begun in 198
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Th.B.192)
Fisher A, Vohr F, Wacker M; Stratogen Health, Providence, RI, USA. Fax: 401-781-2687.
When existential domains of AIDS patients, families, friends and lovers clash, the resulting sickness, death and bereavement can be chaotic. Project: One s existential domain refers to those things that define a person s existence and presence in life, his physical, personal, and spiritual relationships at any g
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Th.B.194)
Daneault S, Boudreau J, Delwaide L, Milette L, Pilon L; Direction de la sante publique (OESP), Hopital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax:(514)528-2598.
Patients with advanced AIDS who have chosen to die at home accomplish this more easily under certain conditions. Project: The Faubourg local Community Service Centre (CLSC) in Montreal, Quebec, Canada , provides home care services to people living with AIDS over a territory which includes the gay village. Since
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Th.B.195)
Poppinger J, Wolf M, Virgin G, Jaegel-Guedes E, Jaeger H; KIS, Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munich, Germany. Fax: +49-89-5503941.
Introduction: Cortisone is a frequently used compound in palliative HIV therapy. There are concerns, however, that cortisone as an immunomodulating agent might increase HIV replication. Objective: To evaluate the effects of Prednisolone treatment on HIV viral load measured by branched DNA technology. Methods: A retrosp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:223 (abstract no. Th.B.196)
Kaldjian LC, Jekel J, Friedland G; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. Fax: 203-248-4539. E-mail: kaldjian@minerva.cis.yale.edu.
Objective: To describe the frequency and character of spiritual and religious beliefs of people living with HIV and identify areas of belief that are directly relevant to clinical care. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to all HIV+ patients admitted to an urban tertiary medical center between 7/93-9/93 and 5/94
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:224 (abstract no. Th.B.197)
Tellier A, Polomeni P, Roche-Sicot, Saraux JL; L'Escale, Centre Hospitalier Emile Roux, France. Fax: 16. 1. 39.59.71.71.
Objectives: To investigate care giver s perceptions of HIV+ death conditions and of institutional responses appropriateness to patients and their families needs. Methods: We ve studied retrospectively 22 medical records on patients died from 1992 to 1995 in a general hospital of north suburban area of Paris. We ve coll
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:224 (abstract no. Th.B.290)
Currier JS, Spino CS, Grimes J, Cotton DJ; University of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA. Fax: (213) 226 - 2083.
Objective: To examine gender differences in rates of toxicity and CD4 responses in a randomized double-blind clinical trial comparing monotherapy and combination nucleoside analogue therapy. Methods: ACTG 175 randomized patients with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3 to either ZDV, DDI, ZDV + DDI, or ZDV + DDC. Gender differences
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:224 (abstract no. Th.B.291)
Biron F, Peyramond D, Lucht F, Fresard A, Nugier F, Vallet T, Grange J, Hamedi-Sangsari, Vila J; Saint Erierme, Compagnie de Developpement Aguettant, Lyon, France. Fax: 33-78-61-09-35.
Objective: We previously reported the results of 90 days treatment with the combination of hydroxyurea and didanosine : non-detectable HIV-RNA in half our population, and average CD4 increase of 181 cells (J. of AIDS, 10:36-40, 1995). Our objective was to evaluate the effects of longer treatment, with more patients, on
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:224 (abstract no. Th.B.292)
Rae S, Montaner JS, Raboud JM, Conway B, Zala C, Patenaude P, Shillington A; Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5210. E-mail: sandra@HIVnet.ubc.ca.
Objectives: To identify predictors of plasma viremia response in a study of adjunctive HO-urea in patients receiving ddI monotherapy. Methods: Patients with CD4 counts between 100 and 300 cells/mm3 who had received ddI for at least 6 months were randomized to receive either 1000 or 500 mg/d of HO-urea in addition to co
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Th.B.293)
Pollard R, Peterson D, Hardy D, Pedneault L, Rutkiewicz V, Pottage J, Murphy R, Gathe J, Beall G, Skovronski J, Cross A, Dunkle L; Division of Diagnostic Virology, University of Texas, Galveston, TX. Fax: (409) 772-3461.
Objective: To assess the antiviral effect and the safety of concurrent administration of d4T and ddI in a pilot dose-ranging study. Methods: A total of 94 subjects with previously untreated HIV infection and CD4 cell counts of 200-500/mm3 were randomized to receive 52 weeks of therapy with on
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Th.B.294)
Saag M, Lancaster D, Sonnerborg A, Torres R, Thompson M, Mulder J, Schooley R, Gazzard B, D'Aquila R, Santin M, Gurgui M, Harrigan PR, LaFon S; University of Alabama - Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Objective: To determine the safety and antiviral effect of the novel HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor 1592U89 alone and in combination with ZDV in HIV-infected adults in a dose escalating protocol. Methods: HIV-infected adult male and female patients with limited prior antiretroviral exposure [less than 12 week
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Th.B.295)
Meagher N, Hanvelt R, Schneider D, Hogg RS, O'Shaughnessy MV, Montaner JS; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5464. E-mail: Kevin@HIVnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To illustrate the impact of expanded access on the market share of (newly approved) pharmaceuticals for HIV-positive persons and the resulting influence on the development of clinical guidelines in British Columbia: the case of 3TC . Methods: Data on the utilization and costs of anti-retroviral drug therapie
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Th.B.300)
Feinberg J, Cooper D, Hurwitz S; University of Cincinnati-Holmes Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Fax: (513) 558-6040.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of VACV in the prevention of CMV end-organ disease in HIV/CMV-coinfected patients (pts) with CD4+ less than 100, and to assess the impact of VACV, high (HACV) and low dose (LACV) acyclovir on survival. Methods: 1227 pts were enrolled from 12/92 to 10/94 at 72 sites wo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:225 (abstract no. Th.B.301)
Brosgart C, Craig C, Hillman D, Louis TA, Alston B, Fisher E, El-Sadr W; East Bay AIDS Center, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of oral ganciclovir for prophylaxis of CMV retinal and gastrointestinal mucosal disease. Methods: From April 1993 to June 1994, a total of 994 patients with a CD4+ count less than or equal to 100 cells/mm3 prior to randomization and either a positive CMV serology or CMV c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Th.B.302)
Spector SA, Pilcher M, Lamy P, Hsia K, Wong R, Stempien MJ; Univ of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA. Fax: (619)534-7411. E-mail: saspector@ucsd.edu.
Objective: To determine if the detection of CMV DNA in plasma of participants in a recent successful randomized, double blind study (Roche 1654) of oral ganciclovir prophylaxis for the prevention of AIDS-related CMV disease could identify persons most likely to benefit from prophylaxis. Methods: Patients were randomize
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Th.B.303)
Rose DN, Sacks HS, Lan V; Mt. Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-860-4607.
Objective: To perform a cost-effectiveness analysis of oral ganciclovir (GCV) for the prevention of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease in HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts less than or equal to 50 cells/microliter. Methods: We used a Markov model and data from the literature and conference proceedings on the effective
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Th.B.304)
Lalezari JP, Kemper C, Stagg R, Holland G, Ives D, Kramer F, Northfelt D, Kuppermann B, Lewis R, Youle M, Weinberg D, McKinley G, Johnson M, Hardy D, Simon G, Nelson R, Drew WL, Jaffe HS; Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA. Fax: 408-885-4306.
Objective: CDV is a nucleotide analog with potent, long-acting activity against herpesviruses. We determined the safety and efficacy of two cidofovir regimens for the treatment of relapsing CMV retinitis (CMV-R) in patients with AIDS. Methods: Patients with progressive CMV-R despite systemic ganciclovir
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Th.B.305)
Lalezari J, Friedberg D, Bisset J, Giordano M, Hardy D, Robinson C; New York University Medical Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212)-867 8756.
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of 3g, 4.5g and 6g oral ganciclovir (GCV) dose regimens and 5 mg/kg IV GCV for maintenance treatment of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis. Methods: 281 patients with AIDS and stable CMV retinitis following at least one course of IV GCV therapy were randomized to 26 weeks of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:226 (abstract no. Th.B.306)
Drew WL, Jacobson MA, Dunn JP, Feinberg J, Holbrook J, Martin W, Min N, Murphy R; UCSF-Mt. Zion Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 885-7522.
Objectives: To determine the incidence of drug resistant isolates from blood or urine specimens in patients after diagnosis and treatment (PFA or GCV) for CMV retinitis, and to examine the relationship of viral isolate drug susceptibilities to clinical outcomes. Methods: CMV cultures of blood and urine were obtained fr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Th.B.400)
van Praag E, Katabira E, Anderson S, Ngugi E, Roy D; World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Fax: 791 0746. E-mail: vanpraag@ who.ch.
Integration of clinical HIV/AIDS services within health systems of those countries heavily affected by the epidemic has been advocated with arguments of responsibility sharing, cost saving and avoidance of vertical structures. However can integrated responses take care of special needs at times of resource const
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Th.B.401)
Yachompoo J, Chaiyawan K, Kantamala L, Prasert P; AIDS Division, Dept of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Fax: [66]-(2)-5903210.
Community care services is a significant part of the care continuum establishment for HIV/AIDS. Project: The Royal Thai Government of Thailand advocated education and training of health personnel and family members of HIV/AIDS subjects through community, general, and regional hospitals. The program focuses on fa
AIDS affects whole families, creating multiple and complex problems. The frequent need to be admitted for care and treatment splits families and separates children from parents at a time when they most need to be together such as when one or both have a terminal illness and their time together is thereby limited
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Th.B.403)
Rwegera D, Chieze F, van den Noort P, de Gagne D, Javanni J; Organisation Pan-Africaine de Lutte contre le SIDA (OPALS), Paris, France. Fax: (33-1) 43.25.66.16. E-mail: opals@HIVnet.fr.
To see to it that PWAs in Kigali, Rwanda have access to health care in a community context. Project: To organize a program of medical and social care in health care centers in Rwanda. This program has started in a suburb of Kigali and will gradually spread in the whole country. It has been implemented by OPALS w
To evaluate management of tuberculosis (TB) in sub-Saharan African community care projects, and to assess their potential to participate more widely in TB control. Project: 14 community care projects in Uganda , Zambia , South Africa and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:227 (abstract no. Th.B.405)
Ngugi EN, Njenga E, Anderson S, Praag E, Nyabola L, Stoeckel J; University Of Nairobi, Department Of Community Health, Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: 254 2 712007.
Introduction: Increasing numbers of HIV-infected persons in Africa are progressing to AIDS with many needing medical attention to the extent that medical attention to the extent that medical wards have 50% bed occupancy by PWA. Of necessity and in order to facilitate quality care of PWA, home/community care is indicate
Objective: To prospectively evaluate quantitative plasma HIV RNA copy number in a US cohort of infected children from birth, & to correlate RNA copy number with timing of transmission and disease progression. Methods: Blood was collected at birth, 1,2,4,6,9,12,15, 18 mos of age & q 6 mos afterward. Specimens we
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:16 (abstract no. Th.B.911)
Mayers D, Saravolatz L, Winslow D, Jagodzinski L, Collins G, Hodges D, Pettinelli C, Weislow O, Stein D; Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD. Fax: (301) 762-7460. E-mail: dmayers@pasteur.hjf.org.
Objective: To determine whether baseline HIV-RNA and change in HIV-RNA predicts disease progression and mortality, and if changes in RNA differed among groups (ZDV+ddl, ZDV+ ddC , or ZDV-only) in a subset of patients in the CPCRA NuCombo study with less than three months of prior antiretroviral therapy.
Plasma HIV RNA level determinations have now been validated for their prognostic value, and as one facet of monitoring anti-retroviral therapy. Precise clinical use of this technology, particularly in patients with low viral loads (less than 10,000 HIV RNA copies/ml, log 4.0)is controversial. However, longitudinal stud
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Th.B.913)
Hogg RS, Montaner JS, Sherlock C, Yip B, Schechter MT, O'Shaughnessy MV; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Objective: Plasma viral load (pVL) driven antiretroviral therapy (ARV) was adopted by the province of British Columbia (BC) in 05/96. We therefore conducted the present analysis to estimate the cost of introducing pVL in BC. Methods: The BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS(CfE) recommends that CD4s and pVL be performe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Th.B.914)
Mulder J, McKinney N, Kwok S; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Alameda, CA. Fax: (510) 814-2997. E-mail: shirley.kwok@roche.com.
Quantitative assays have been extensively used in the monitoring of HIV-1 viremia in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Recently, the use of combination therapies, some in conjunction with the protease inhibitors , have reduced the viral load to below the 400 copies/ml detection limit of the AMPLICOR HIV-1 MON
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:17 (abstract no. Th.B.915)
Harris M, Todd J, Dailey P, Conway B, Montaner JS, Chernoff D; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA.
Utilization of combination antiviral therapy often results in suppression of HIV-1 RNA plasma viremia to levels below assay quantification limits (less than 500 copies/ml). While such an effect is highly desirable, the impact of these treatment regimes on viral and pro-viral load outside the plasma body compartment rem
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Th.B.930)
Perelson AS, Essunger P, Markowitz M, Ho DD; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 725-1126.
After the administration of potent antiretroviral agents to inhibit de novo infection, the plasma levels of HIV-1 drop approximately 100-fold in the first two weeks due to the fast clearance of free virions and the rapid loss of productively infected cells. This initial acute decrease is then followed by a slower secon
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Th.B.931)
Gulick RM, Mellors J, Havlir D, Eron J, Gonzalez C, McMahon D, Richman D, Valentine F, Rooney J, Jonas L, Meibohm A, Emini E, Chodakewitz J; New York University Medical Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 263-8264. E-mail: roy.gulick@ccmail.med.nyu.edu.
Objective: To determine the safety and duration of antiviral activity of IDV + ZDV + 3TC . Methods: Randomized, double-blind study comparing IDV 800mg q8h + ZDV 200mg q8h + 3TC 150mg q12h or IDV 800mg q8h or ZDV 200mg q8h + 3TC 150mg q12h in 97 adult patients with HIV infection, greater than or equal to 20,000 copies/m
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Th.B.932)
Condra JH, Holder DJ, Schleif WA, Chodakewitz JA, Massari FE, Blahy OM, Danovich RM, Gabryelski LJ, Graham DJ, Laird D, Quintero JC, Rhodes A, Robbins HL, Roth E, Shivaprakash M, Yang T, Emini EA; Department of Antiviral Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA. Fax: (215) 652-8548. E-mail: jon_condra@merck.com
Objective: To investigate the effects of combination therapy with the HIV-1 protease inhibitor CRIXIVAN ( indinavir , IDV) and reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors ZDV and/or ddI on the emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in a clinical s
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:19 (abstract no. Th.B.933)
Markowitz MH, Cao Y, Hurley A, O'Donovan R, Heath-Chiozzi M, Leonard J, Smiley L, Keller A, Johnson D, Johnson P, Ho DD; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 725-1126. E-mail: marty@adarc.nyu.edu.
To learn whether HIV-1 infection can be eradicated from a human host, 12 subjects newly infected with HIV-1 were treated with a three drug regimen containing AZT 200 mg TID, 3TC 150 mg BID and r
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Th.B.934)
Cameron DW, Sun E, Markowitz M, Farthing C, McMahon D, Poretz D, Cohen C, Follansbee S, Ho DD, Mellors J, Hsu A, Granneman GF, Maki R, Salgo M, Court J, Leonard J; University of Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: (613) 737-8682. E-mail: bcameron@aixl.uottawa.ca.
Pharmacokinetic synergy and non-overlapping mutational resistance form a compelling basis for ritonavir- saquinavir combination treatment. Previous pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that the co-administration of the two drugs achieves sustained and high plasma levels of both drugs. To assess the tolerability an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Th.B.940)
Baker CJ, Englund J, Raskino C, McKinney R, Fowler M; Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Houston, TX. Fax: (713) 798-6407.
Objectives: To compare the safety and efficacy of ZDV, DDI or ZDV/DDI therapy in symptomatic HIV-infected children age 3 months to 18 years. Methods: In this double-blind trial, 831 children who previously had no (92%) or less than 6 weeks of antiretroviral therapy were stratified by age (less than 30 mo. vs. greater t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Th.B.941)
Kovacs A, Bricker T, Bye M, Demmler G, Easley K, Cooper E, Fox H, Goldfarb J, Hodes D, Kattan M, McIntosh K, Pitt J, Schluchter M, Shah A, Shearer W; CBA-HSC, Los Angeles, CA. Fax: (213) 226-8362. E-mail: akovacs@hsc.usc.edu.
Objectives: To determine the impact of congenital, perinatal and early acquired CMV infection on HIV disease progression including CNS disease and associated immunologic changes. Methods: Of 600 infants enrolled, the HIV and CMV infection status is known for 491. Group IIa infants are HIV infected (n=83) and IIb infant
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Th.B.942)
Lori F, Foli A, Viale P, Alberici F, Degli AA, Barchi E, Minoli R, Jessen H, Lisziewicz J, Maserati R; Research Institute for Genetic and Human Therapy (RIGHT), Gaithersburg, MD. Fax: +1 (301) 330-9458.
Objective: To generate a long term suppression of HIV in the absence of viral rebound. Methods: Study 1. Sixty seropositive patients (CD4 greater than 250 mm(3)) were enrolled in a phase I/IIIB, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Twenty patients were treated with 200 mg/bid ddI , and 40 were treated with 200
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:20 (abstract no. Th.B.943)
Dunkle LM, Petty B, Reynolds L, Hall R, Cross A, Smaldone L; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wallingford, CT. Fax: (203) 284-7672.
Objectives: Lobucavir is a cyclobutyl guanine nucleoside analog with broad spectrum in vitro activity against a variety of viruses. Clinical antiviral activity in a variety of infections is being evaluated. Results: (table: see text) Lobucavir has good oral bioavailability and is well tolerated. Preliminary clinical da
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Th.B.944)
Kahn J, Talmadge JE, Gendelman H, Kelsey L, Beckner S, Winship D, Sarin PS, Heseltine P; UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 476-6953. E-mail: jkahn@sfaids.ucsf.edu.
Objective: To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an HIV-1 (SF2) synthetic peptide vaccine (HGP-30) conjugated with KLH and absorbed to alum and to test the hypothesis that PBLs derived from immunized subjects and injected into SCID mice will protect SCID mice from heterologous HIV-1 viral challenge. Methods: Ele
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Th.B.945)
Rutschmann OT, Kaiser L, Gabriel V, Fathi M, Perrin L, Hirschel B; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. Fax: 4122 372 98 20.
Objective: To measure the virological effects of adding Saquinavir in patients pretreated with d4T . Methods: Fourteen patients pretreated with d4T (40 mg bid, median duration of pretreatment: 120 days) received
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Th.B.946)
Kahn J, Graham E, Deeks S, Gambertoglio J, Brewer T, Wallace T, Kennedy B, Cossum P; UCSF, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 476-6953. E-mail: sdeeks@sfaids.ucsf.edu.
Objective: AR-177 is a 17-base oligonucleotide composed of deoxyguanosines and thymidines on a phosphodiester backbone supplemented by phosphorothioate internucleoside linkages at the 5 and 3 ends. AR-177 is not homologous nor is it complementary to any sequence motifs within the HIV-1 genome. AR-177 demonstrates anti-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Th.B.947)
Raboud JM, Rae S, Kahn J, Spruance S, Dolin R, Cross A, Beltangady M, Gatell J, Dunkle L, Smaldone L, Montaner JS; Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5210. E-mail: jraboud@hivnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To assess the effect of switching from ZDV to ddI on survival, clinical endpoints and changes in CD4 counts. Methods: Original data from 1707 patients in ACTG 116A, ACTG 116B/117, BMS010 and CTN002 were pooled into a single database. 664 patients received ZDV therapy, 557 received 750 mg/d ddI and 486 receiv
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:21 (abstract no. Th.B.948)
Stazewski S, Bartlett I, Erin J, Katlama C, Johnson J, Hill AM; c/o European Antiviral Clinical Research, Medical Division, Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development, Greenford, Middlesex. Fax: 44-181-864-9599.
Objectives: Four Phase II trials in 972 patients have shown that AZT / 3TC reduces HIV RNA and raises CD4 counts relative to control treatments (AZT or AZT/ ddC ).
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Th.C.120)
Goubar A, Costagliola D; Faculte de Medecine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. E-mail: goubar@b3e.jussieu.fr.
Objective: To estimate HIV incidence in childbearing women in the Paris area from serial unlinked anonymous seroprevalence studies. Methods: We estimated age-specific incidence from two unlinked anonymous seroprevalence surveys conducted in childbearing women in Paris area (11593 women were tested from November 1990 to
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Th.C.121)
Kamakura M, Soda K, Shimada N, Morio S, Ichikawa S, Hashimoto S, Fukutomi K; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 81-3-3359-3686.
Objective: To describe the current situation of HIV/AIDS epidemiologically and analyze the social background of low incidence of HIV infection in Japan , predicting the future incidence. Method: The number of people who visit medical institutions to take HIV testing is very changeable in Japan, especially in foreign re
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Th.C.122)
Remis RS, Palmer RW, Leclerc P, Eason EL, Lebel F, Fauvel M; STD/AIDS Prevention and Control Program, Regional Public Health Department, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (514) 932-1502. E-mail: pleclerc@acces-cible.qc.ca.
Objective: To modify an ongoing anonymous unlinked HIV prevalence study (AUHPS) to permit measurement of incidence and collection of risk factor data. Methods: In 1989, an AUHPS was initiated among women undergoing abortion in a Montreal hospital. Demographic and obstetrical history data were extracted from the admissi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Th.C.123)
Quinn T, Paranjape R, Mehendale S, Brookmeyer R, Shepherd M, Gadkari DA, Bollinger RC; Division of Infectious Diseases, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Objective: Estimating HIV seroincidence and risk factors for seroconversion typically requires the establishment of large cohorts, which are often costly and logistically difficult for developing countries. We applied our previously described method for calculating incidence based on p24 antigenemia in HIV seronegative
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:228 (abstract no. Th.C.124)
Modesitt SK, Wirt R, Fleming D; Oregon Health Div.-HIV Prog, Portland, OR, USA. Fax: (503) 731-4082. E-mail: Steve.K.Modesitt@state.or.us.
Objective: To determine if Oregon s anonymous laboratory-based HIV reporting provides useful data about new HIV infection as an alternative to named/unique identifier systems. In Oregon, all HIV test results are reported by laboratories to the Oregon Health Division (OHD). Physicians (MDs) submitting a patient specimen
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:229 (abstract no. Th.C.125)
Brancato G, Rapiti E, Abeni D, Perucci CA, Pezzotti P, Rezza G; Osservatorio Epidemiologico Regione Lazio, Roma, Italy. Fax: 39-6-8603752. E-mail: OER.C.GREGO@AGORA.STM.IT.
Objectives: To impute the date of infection/seroconversion in the Lazio ( Italy ) HIV prevalent cohort for which such date is unknown. The CD4 count (or percent) and platelet numbers have been used to this aim, since they are good predictors of the maturity of infection. Methods: The Italian seroincident cohort has bee
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:229 (abstract no. Th.C.200)
Van der Ploeg CP, Van Vliet C, Ndinya-Achola JO, Fransen L, Habbema JD; Dept of Public Health, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: +3110 4366831. E-mail: vanderploeg@mgz.fgg.eur.nl.
Information on sexual behaviour is crucial for projecting the future spread of HIV and other, classical, sexually transmitted diseases (cSTDs) and for identifying optimal intervention strategies. General population surveys on sexual behaviour in almost all countries find that females tend to report much less sex
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:229 (abstract no. Th.C.201)
Stover J; The Futures Group, Glastonbury, CT, USA. Fax: 203-657-3918. E-mail: j.stover@tfgi.com.
Objectives: To determine the effect of targeting interventions to different population groups on the costs of implementing a comprehensive prevention program that reduces the spread of HIV. Methods: Computer simulation models (iwgAIDS and Simul-AIDS) were used to simulate typical epidemics in countries in East Africa.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:229 (abstract no. Th.C.202)
Barlow D, Daker-White G, Band B; Genitourinary Medicine (GUM) Dept., St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 171 620 0903.
Objective: To account for the continued concentration of HIV (and STDs) in heterosexuals in certain sub-populations of clinic attenders Methods: A prospective HIV seroprevalence study of STD attenders detailed CoB of index patients, their parents, and sexual partners. Of 15,878 respondents in 1993 and 1994, 14,670 (92.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:229 (abstract no. Th.C.203)
Fleming PL, Ward JW; MA Mays Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-2029.
Objective: To describe the effect of birth cohort size on estimated AIDS incidence (AI) during the period 1982 through 1994 among men who have sex with men (MSM) and male injecting drug users (IDU) in the U.S. Methods: We examined AIDS cases reported to CDC through 9/95. Data were adjusted for reporting delays, unrepor
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Th.C.204)
Gataric N, Hogg RS, Raboud J, Montaner JS, O'Shaughnessy MV, Schechter MT; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5464.
Objective: To project future patterns of hospital bed use for persons with HIV/AIDS in Canada . Methods: A population-based study was conducted using cases in the Canadian hospital (HMRI) database system (Statistics Canada), which had HIV/AIDS diagnostic codes (ICD-9-CM 042-044 and 795.8) on their discharge abstracts.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Th.C.205)
MaWhinney S, Gieseker KE, Chaisson MA, Pagano M; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Denver, CO, USA. Fax: 303-270-3183. E-mail: sam@greeneggs.uchsc.edu.
Objective: The 1993 CDC definitional change affected the reporting, and latency distributions necessary to estimate HIV infection incidence. Using New York City (NYC) data we demonstrate a back-to-back backcalculation technique, which solves the problems created by this definitional change. Methods: The following steps
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Th.C.206)
Wortley PM, Fleming PL; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404) 639-2029.
Objective: To describe AIDS incidence (AI) trends among women infected through heterosexual contact (W-HC) and injection drug use (W-IDU) by birth cohort and to compare these with trends among male injecting drug users (M-IDU). Methods: We analyzed data on 22,876 W-HC, 27,818 W-IDU, and 80,507 M-IDU with AIDS diagnosed
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Th.C.210)
Wallman S; Sociology & Anthropology, University of Hull, London, UK. Fax: (44)181 788 6964.
High prevalence of HIV/AIDS changes local views of other STD and affects treatment-seeking for curable infections. Project: Because exposure to untreated STD increases vulnerability to HIV infection, lay ignorance or denial of STD and/or its relation to AIDS will affect HIV incidence. The title statement was rec
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:230 (abstract no. Th.C.211)
Weir SS, Roddy RE, Zekeng L, Ryan KA, Tamoufe U; Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Fax: 919-544-7261. E-mail: sweir@fhi.org.
Objective: To identify which measures of condom use are associated with prevalent HIV infection. Methods: 2,035 female sex workers tested for HIV infection in Cameroon in 1995 were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 sets of condom use questionnaires. Sets A-C asked about use with all men, new clients, repeat clients, and non-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Th.C.212)
Edet T, Efem I, Esu-Williams E, Makinwa B, Chiejine I, Hooks C; Nigeria Youth AIDS Programme, Nigeria, Africa. Fax: 234-87-220143.
Objectives: To determine materials development needs; review existing materials; determine appropriateness of messages of IEC materials for development and adaptation, and determine effective ways of utilizing such materials. Methods: Questionnaires were administered among 856 students, which were analyzed and the data
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Th.C.213)
Imrie JC, Stephenson J; Mortimer Market Centre, Camden & Islington Community Health Services NHS Trust, London, UK.
Objective: To determine the feasibility of an RCT evaluation of a groupwork-based intervention within an STD clinic for gay men at high risk of STD and HIV infection. Methods: Randomised controlled trial. Gay & bisexual men at high risk (presenting with an acute STD or self reported UPAI within the last 12 months)
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Th.C.214)
Carneiro M, Oliveira WK, Oliveira MR, Andrade JC, Greco DB, Antunes CM; Minas Gerais AIDS Vaccine Center, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Fax: 55-31-441-9773. E-mail: MCARNEIR@ORACULO.LCC.UFMG. BR.
Objective: To evaluate the agreement of a psycho-social questionnaire used for data collection in an open cohort of homo/bisexual male to estimate HIV incidence and evaluate preventive interventions strategies. Methods: The participants are interviewed every 6 months using a pre-coded questionnaire developed for this s
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Th.C.215)
Douglas D, Broadhead RS; Department of Sociology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. Fax:(203)486-6356. E-mail: heckath@uconnvm.uconn.edu.
A population is said to be hidden if there is no public listing of its members, such as a voter registration roll, or a telephone directory. Sampling such populations is difficult, because the standard procedures that ensure samples will be representative are not applicable to these populations. This paper introduces a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Th.C.220)
van Ameijden EJ, Vlahov D, van den Hoek JA, Flynn C, Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Fax: +31-20-5555.533. E-mail: erik@sara.nl.
Objective: To compare morbidity and mortality before AIDS-diagnosis, and relationships with HIV infection, between Amsterdam and Baltimore. Earlier studies suggested that easy access to health care in Adam due to harm reduction compared to cities with a criminalization policy may decrease mortality and mortality (eg ba
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:231 (abstract no. Th.C.221)
Galli M, Musicco M, Lovicu GF, Radice D, Santambrogio S, Rusconi S, Di Marco A, Autelitano M, Moroni M; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Fax: ++3923560805.
Objective: To describe the cause-specific mortality from January, 1990 to March, 1995 in a cohort of intravenous drug users recruited in Milan from 1980 to 1988. Methods: The cohort includes all of the IVDU who contacted the first four centres for drug addiction assistance instituted in Milan from their opening (Novemb
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:232 (abstract no. Th.C.222)
Hagan H, McGough JP, Hansen GR, Yu TJ, Fields MJ, Alexander ER; Seattle-King County Dept of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA. Fax: (206) 205-5243.
Objective: To describe the incidences of HIV, and hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) in a cohort of injecting drug users (IDUs) in a low HIV-prevalence setting for the purpose of estimating the potential for transmission of HIV. Methods: The RAVEN Study is a dynamic cohort study of infectious diseases and other he
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:232 (abstract no. Th.C.223)
Hendriks JC, Van Druten JA, Van Ameijden EJ, Van Griensven GJ, Coutinho RA; Medical Statistical Department, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Fax: +31-24-3613505. E-mail: J.Hendriks@mie.kun.nl.
Objectives: To estimate the distribution of progression to stages of CD4 cell counts and death-prior-to-AIDS after HIV infection in a cohort of intravenous drug users (IDU) in Amsterdam. Methods: All intravenous drug users with two or more CD4 measurements, participating in a cohort study in Amsterdam since December 19
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:232 (abstract no. Th.C.224)
Flynn CP, Hoover DR, Graham NM, Nelson KE, Vlahov D; Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: (410) 614-9910. E-mail: flynn@alive.sph.jhu.edu.
Objective: To determine predictors of progression to AIDS or death beyond two years of follow-up. Methods: A cohort of 553 HIV+ IDUs, recruited from 1988-89, with a history of injection drug use in the past 10 years, that remained AIDS free during the first two years, were subsequently followed for AIDS or death until
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:232 (abstract no. Th.C.225)
Caiaffa WT, Coresh J, Astemborski J, Galai N, Shaeffer M, Jaar B, Vlahov D; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Fax:(031) 224-0911 or (031) 224-6227. E-mail: wcaiaffa@oraculo.lcc.ufmg.br.
Objectives: To identify the incidence and risk factors for renal disease (RD) in a community-based cohort of IDUs; and to characterize the progression to RD with respect to HIV infection. Methods: Non-concurrent prospective study, with a case-comparison component in a cohort of IDUs. Plasma creatinine was measured in a
Background: Sexual lubricants are used widely by US gay men (GM) for anal intercourse. Despite unknown safety and efficacy, many of these products contain nonoxynol-9 (N9) a spermicide with anti-HIV properties in vitro. Objective: Assess behavioural and attitudinal factors related to importance of clinical trials of to
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Th.C.321)
Ghys PD, N'Krumah M, Maiga A, Van Damme L, Ettiegne-Traore V, Tiemele A, Konings E, Whitaker JP, Coulibaly IM, Laga M, Greenberg AE; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. Fax: (225) 24-29-69.
Objective: To study the acceptability and feasibility of a UNAIDS proposed randomized placebo-controlled efficacy trial of a microbicide-containing (nonoxynol-9) vaginal gel among female sex workers in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire . Methods: In December 1995, interviews were conducted with FSW in a random sample of sex work-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Th.C.322)
Elias CJ, Coggins C, Atisook R, Bassett MT, Ettiegne-Traore V, Ghys PD, Jenkins-Woelk L, Thongkrajai E, VanDevanter NL; The Population Council, Bangkok, Thailand. Fax: 011-66-2-251-4766.
There is an urgent need for safe, effective, and acceptable woman-controlled barrier methods for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Very little is known about the desirable characteristics of vaginal preparations among diverse populations of women who would potentially use such microbicidal p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Th.C.323)
Stevens CE, Martin HL, Richardson BA, Rugamba D, Nyange PM, Mandaliya K, Achola JO, Kreiss JK; Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA. Fax: 206-731-2427. E-mail: barbrar@u.washington.edu.
Objectives: To determine if once daily vaginal application of a bioadhesive gel containing 52.5 mg of N-9 is safe for use in female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya . Methods: HIV seronegative female sex workers attending a research clinic in Mombasa, Kenya were invited to participate in this randomized, double-blind, pla
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Th.C.324)
Ward H, Stafford M, Flanagan A, Rosenstein I, Byrne G, Taylor-Robinson D, Weber JN, Kitchen V; Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial School of Medicine, London, UK. Fax: 0171 402 2150. E-mail: h.ward@ic.ac.uk.
Objective: To determine the safety and tolerability of intravaginal nonoxynol-9 in a gel formulation. Methods: A double blind placebo controlled trial in female volunteers. Forty volunteers were recruited and randomised to use a standardised volume of nonoxynol-9 gel or a matched placebo every night for one week whilst
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:233 (abstract no. Th.C.325)
Perriens J; Division of Policy, Strategy and Research, UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland, USA. Fax: 41-22-791-41-65. E-mail: perriensj@who.ch.
Vaginal microbicides are products for vaginal administration that can be used to prevent human immunodefiency virus (HIV) infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The IWGVM recently reached a consensus on how vaginal microbicides should be developed, which should lead to rational plans for their develo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Th.C.330)
McCray E, McCombs SB, Onorato IM; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-8604. E-mail: ecm1@cpstbl.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: To determine characteristics of HIV+ tuberculosis (TB) cases reported to the national TB surveillance system. Methods: Data from the national TB surveillance system at CDC were analyzed. Since 1993 information on HIV status has been requested for every patient reported to this surveillance system. HIV+ pati
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Th.C.331)
Hennessey KA, Schulte JM, Joglar OT, Rios N, Valway SE, Deseda C, Onorato IM; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-8604. E-mail: keh7@cpstb1.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To establish TB transmission patterns and TB and HIV risk factors among 24 (12%) of 206 persons whose M. tuberculosis isolates sent to CDC from Puerto Rico had the same DNA fingerprint. Methods: Medical and laboratory records of the 24 cases were abstracted. Results: All 24 cases were diagnosed between May 1
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Th.C.332)
Schwoebel V, de Benoist AC, Torrea G, Perronne C, Vincent V, Grosset J; National Reference Centre for Tuberculosis Surveillance, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France. Fax: (33) 1 42162072. E-mail: vsceses@b3e.jussieu.fr.
Objectives: To survey MDR-TB in France and to study its association with HIV infection. Methods: In 1992, 1993 and 1994, a national mail survey was conducted in French microbiology laboratories covering all regional, district and large municipal hospitals and main private hospitals. Each year, bacteriological, demograp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Th.C.333)
Kelly PM, Cumming RG, Kaldor JM; Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. Fax: 612 3514379. E-mail: paulk@pub.health.su.oz.au.
Objective: To examine the effect of HIV seropositivity on cure rates, tuberculosis (TB) recurrence and all cause mortality rates of TB patients in a non-urban setting in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: All patients presenting at a district level hospital in northern Malawi from 11/91 to 05/93 and who ful
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:234 (abstract no. Th.C.334)
Valdespino JL, Garcia-Garcia ML, Mayar M, Palacios M, Garcia-Sancho MC, Balandrano S, Sepulveda J; National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mor., Mexico. Fax: 9173112218.
Objectives:To identify risk factors associated to TB among HIV-infected patients attending HIV screening clinics in Mexico City. Methods: Ambulatory patients attending HIV screening centers were examined for active TB (clinical history, physical exam, Rx, PPD,AFB smear and culture) HIV infection (ELISA-WB), CD4 counts,
Objective: To assess the response to therapy and risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected (HIV-P) and uninfected (HIV-N) children in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire . Methods: From March 1994 to November 1995, a prospective cohort study was conducted among children with newly diagnosed TB at the two major university h
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Th.C.340)
Klevens RM, Fleming PL, Neal JJ, Li J; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404) 639-2029. E-mail: rmk2@cidHIV1.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: To verify mode of HIV exposure among persons with heterosexually acquired AIDS and determine the proportion of persons without identified risks (NR) whose mode of HIV exposure may be heterosexual contact (HC). Methods: Six areas (Alabama, California, Florida, New Jersey, New York City, and Texas) conducted
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Th.C.341)
Nicoll A, Petruckevitch A, Hughes G, Bennett D, Mortimer J, DeAngelis D, Johnson AM, Gill ON; PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London. Fax: 0181-200-7868. E-mail: ANicoll@phls.co.uk.
Objectives: To compare and use the available methods for estimating prevalent HIV infections. Methods: Multiple methods were used to determine the numbers of prevalent HIV infections in major exposure categories. The methods included direct and indirect approaches (diagnosis interval and test history) using data from u
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Th.C.342)
Calzavara L, Major C, Palmer R, Brown DC, Galli R, Fearon M; HIV Laboratory, Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 416-235-6194.
Objective: To estimate HIV incidence and monitor the dynamics of the epidemic using repeat testers in a routine HIV testing database in Ontario, the province with the largest number of HIV cases in Canada . Methods: Between 11/85 and 12/94, over 1 million voluntary HIV antibody tests have been conducted. It is estimate
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:235 (abstract no. Th.C.343)
Yussuf H, Minja F, Jordan-Harder B, Vogel U, v Sonnenburg F; Medicine and Public Health, University of Munich, Munich, Germany. Fax: 49-89-33-6038. E-mail: sonneburg@lrz.uni-muenchen.de.
Introduction: In 1988 an AIDS control programme was established in the Mbeya Region. Considerable efforts were undertaken on the programme components IEC and condom promotion, STD control, safety of the health care system and clinical and home based care for patients. Care services compete directly with preventive meas
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Th.C.344)
Serwadda D, Gray RH, Wawer MJ, Sewankambo NK, Li C, Konde-Lule J; Institute of Public Health, Malago Hospital Complex, Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-545001. E-mail: dserwadda@mukla.gn.apc.org.
Introduction: Serial HIV-1 prevalence rates in antenatal clinic women are frequently used to monitor the HIV epidemic, on the assumption that this provides a mechanism to monitor trends in current or recent HIV incidence. We assessed HIV prevalence and incidence in pregnant women enrolled in a population-based open coh
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Th.C.410)
Taha T, Liomba G, Biggar R, Chiphangwi J, Mtimavalye L, Broadhead R, Miotti P; School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA. Fax: 410-955-1836.
Objective: To determine the effect of cleaning the birth canal at delivery with the antiseptic chlorhexidine (CL) on: a) perinatal transmission of HIV and other infections; b) neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Methods: Women delivering in the main hospital of Blantyre, Malawi , were enrolled in the inte
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Th.C.411)
Cartoux M, Meda N, Van de Perre P, Sioho N, Mandelbrot L, Dabis F; Cartoux Michel Centre Muraz, OCCGE, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Fax: (226) 97 01 77.
Background: Several types of interventions offer the potential to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Zidovudine (ZDV) was shown to reduce MTCT in industrialised countries, but implies organisation of HIV T & C. Africa is presently the continent where these interventions are most urgently needed, but it is
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:236 (abstract no. Th.C.412)
Ekpini ER, Wiktor SZ, Sibailly TS, Diaby L, Maurice C, Whitaker JP, Coulibaly IM, Greenberg AE; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Fax: (225) 24-29-69.
Objective: To evaluate the safety of and adherence to a zidovudine (ZDV) regimen initiated in late pregnancy in Abidjan, CI. Methods: In preparation for large clinical trial comparing the efficacy of short course ZDV vs. placebo administered late in pregnancy to reduce mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission, a pilot study
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Th.C.413)
Mansergh G, Haddix A, Steketee RW, Nieburg PI, Shaffer N, Wiktor S, Hu D, Simonds RJ, Rogers M; DHAP, NCHSTP, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-6118. E-mail: risl@cidHIVl.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a national short-course zidovudine (ZDV) program administered in the last 4-6 weeks of pregnancy and during labor and delivery to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV-1 in developing country settings. Methods: A decision model was employed to examine the potential epide
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Th.C.415)
Gray GE, McIntyre JA, Lyons SF; Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Baragwanath Hospital, South Africa. Fax: +27-11-938-1534. E-mail: 092gray@chiron.wits.ac.za.
Introduction: The timing of postnatal mother to child transmission is of crucial importance for developing public health policy as regards infant feeding and weaning policies, particularly in the developing world. This study followed a cohort of HIV-positive mother-infant pairs from birth to eighteen months to assess v
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Th.C.420)
Stimson GV, Hunter G, Rhodes T, Des Jarlais DC; The Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour (CRDHB), University of London, London, England. Fax: 44-181-846-6505.
Objectives: To analyze global trends in the spread of injecting drug use. Methods: Information from World Health Organization and United Nations International Drug Control Programme; search of published and unpublished literature; reports from researchers, and international and national agencies. Historical and contemp
Objective Since 1988, Bangkok IDUs have experienced an explosive epidemic of HIV-1, with ongoing high transmission despite interventions. A prospective cohort of IDUs was established to determine rates of HIV-1 incidence, successful follow up, related behavioral factors, and to characterize infecting HIV-1 subtypes. Me
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Th.C.422)
Chatterjee A, Hangzo CZ, Abdul-Quader AS, O'Reilly KR, Zomi GT, Sarkar S; Indian Council of Med Research AIDS Unit, Calcutta, India. Fax: 91 33 3591722.
Objective: To find out the effectiveness of a peer outreach intervention in a developing country setting by trained ex and current drug user on HIV risk behaviors of injecting drug users (IDU) of Manipur. Methods: 1) HIV information to the street IDUs on importance of cleaning with bleach, distribution of bleach throug
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:237 (abstract no. Th.C.424)
Robles RR, Marrero CA, Colon HM, Matos TD, Reyes JC; Research Institute, Mental Health and Anti-Addiction Services Administration, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Fax: 809-765-5439.
Objectives: Puerto Ricans, both on the island and the mainland have been disproportionately affected by the AIDS epidemic. Drug injection is the main risk factor for HIV transmission on the island. However, since 1990, heterosexual transmission is the fastest growing category contributing to the increasing proportion o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:238 (abstract no. Th.C.425)
Inciardi JA, Surratt H, Telles P, McCoy C, McCoy V, Weatherby N; University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA. Fax: 305-243-6008.
Objective: To assess the risk behaviors and HIV-1 seropositivity among samples of cocaine injectors and snorters in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Methods: Seven hundred and seventy street-recruited cocaine users (638 snorters and 132 injectors) were assessed (March 1994-Dec. 1995) for HIV risks, cocaine use, and HIV-1 serop
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:238 (abstract no. Th.C.430)
Musaba E, Morrison CS, Sunkutu MR, Spruyt A, Chomba AB; Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Fax: 919-544-7262. E-mail: cmorrison@fhi.org.
Objective: To measure long-term (1-year) use and acceptability of the female condom among couples at high-risk of HIV in Lusaka, Zambia . Methods: Ninety-nine married couples with one partner with a symptomatic STD (57 males, 42 females) attending an STD clinic in Lusaka, Zambia were provided with female condoms, male
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:238 (abstract no. Th.C.431)
Timyan J, Claypoole C, Cato M, Donald M, Lemay P, Olson D, Warren M; PSI/Washington, Washington, DC. Fax: (202) 785-0120. E-mail: Generalinfo@PSIWASH.org.
To test market the female condom to 1) determine whether the female condom, when sold at an affordable price and distributed and promoted through peer educators and select pharmacies, is considered by consumers to be a viable alternative to the male condom and other barrier methods used as protection against HIV
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:238 (abstract no. Th.C.432)
Rugpao S, Wongchak T, Beyrer C, Khamboonruang C, Yutabootr Y, Celentano DD, Nelson KE; Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Fax: 6653 221849.
Objective: To determine rates of condom use and factors related to condom breakage and slippage in commercial sex among brothel-based female CSW in northern Thailand . Methods: Sixty eight CSW were asked to save used condoms in order of their use each day. In total 7,594 condoms were collected and examined for breakage
Objective: Recognition of genital tract irritation to nonoxynol-9 (N-9) with use of spermicides and N-9-lubricated condoms has raised questions about N-9 s safety and role in preventing HIV transmission. Irritation may also be due to an increased elution of natural rubber latex (NRL) proteins by N-9. Methods: 5 brands
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Th.C.434)
Rosenberg MJ, Waugh M, Solomon H, Lyszowski A; Health Decisions, Inc., Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Fax: (919) 967-1145. E-mail: mrosenberg@healthdec.com.
Background: Male latex condoms are the best-recognized form of protection against HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. However, getting men to use them properly and consistently has proven difficult, particularly among those in high-risk groups. Prominent reasons for nonuse include complaints of decreased sensi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Th.C.435)
El-Bassel N, Krishnan S, Schilling R, Witte S, Gilbert L, Bidassie B; Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-854-8549. E-mail: ne5@columbia.edu.
Objectives: This study examines the acceptability of the female condom among inner-city female and male STD clinic patients. Method: African-Americans and Latinos were invited to participate in two-session focus groups. One hundred subjects (55 male; 45 female) attended one of 15 initial sessions. At the termination of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Th.D.130)
Tamsma N, De Zwart O; Municipal Health Service, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: + 31 10 4339237. E-mail: dezwarto@ggd.rotterdam.nl.
Issues: How can international collaboration contribute to the development of quality standards for intersectoral city action around prevention, care and support, and to stimulating community involvement and policy development at local level. Project: In the Multi-City Action Plan (MCAP) on AIDS, statutory and community
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Th.D.131)
Odhiambo Ochola P, Lutwaza G, Shariff H, Nguma J; AIDSCAP, Arlington, VA, USA. Fax: (703).516.9781.
Objectives: To improve regional coordination of the HIV/AIDS activities of nongovernmental organization (NGOs) to increase efficiency, minimize waste and duplication, and maximize use of local resources, using the unique cluster strategy implemented by the Tanzania AIDS Project (TAP)/AIDSCAP. Methods: TAP completed a n
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:239 (abstract no. Th.D.132)
McGlaughlin R, McLean S; National Association of People With HIV/AIDS, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia. Fax: (02) 360 3504. E-mail: plwha@geko.com.au.
A national model of empowerment of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) using principles of community development. Project: In August 1995 a national conference was held - Positive Living Centres Towards 2000 - initiated by the National Association of People With HIV/AIDS (NAPWA). After more than 12 years into th
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Th.D.133)
Sliep Y; National AIDS Control Programme Malawi, Memisa Medicus, Mundi, Kamerik, The Netherlands. Fax: (+31) 348-420054. E-mail: y-sliep@wirehub.nl.
Issues: Community mobilisation is essential to combat the impact against AIDS but strategies are difficult to develop and implement. Difficulty increases with a low level of education of community workers and poor accessibility to resources. Project: Malawi is a poor country with a population of 10 million people where
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Th.D.134)
Leonard A, Muia E, Khan A; Population Council, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-755-6052. E-mail: aleonard@popcouncil.org.
Previous research has revealed that community-based AIDS prevention and care initiatives in Africa face, apart from insufficient financial resources, lack of management and organization skills, the inability to monitor and evaluate program performance, difficulty generating income, and lack of culturally appropr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Th.D.135)
Harrison GI; Victorian AIDS Council/Gay Men's Health Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Fax: +613 9419 5670.
Creating PLWHA empowerment with skills development, networking & partnership with Non-Government Organisations (NGO s) and Community Based Organisation s (CBO s) leading to effective advocacy & involvement of `grass root community in design, development & implementation of innovative & successful
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Th.D.136)
Blake SM, Middlestadt S, Lohrmann D, Lathen L, Radosh A, Simkin L, Jimerson A, McDonald G, Smith B; Academy for Educational Development (AED), Washington, DC, USA. Fax: 202-884-8879. E-mail: sblake@aed.org.
Schools offer a vital channel for reaching children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS prevention activities. Yet, relatively few developing country settings have implemented school-based HIV/AIDS prevention interventions. Project(s): Academy for Educational Development experience with school-based HIV/AIDS preventio
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:240 (abstract no. Th.D.230)
Couteau P, Sittitrai W, Lan J, Sharma TC, Satoto, Selitham V, Aye WW, Singh R, Francisco CJ, Phanuphak P, Hoi NT, Tailhades M, Petitgirard A; International Federation Regional Delegation, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Fax: (603) 451-9359. E-mail: regdel@ifrc.po.my.
Ten Asian countries share their concerns for the HIV/AIDS problem. Some are at the same stage of the epidemic. A few are more advanced in their AIDS program while others have just begun. There has been no systematic and long term structure to facilitate collaboration and the exchange of experiences to date. Proj
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Th.D.231)
Bischetti M, Dapaz E, Fischer C, Garua M, Reed L, Thomson K; The International Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS, London, England. Fax: 44-171-222-1242. E-mail: icw@gn.ape.org.
Many HIV-positive women in Europe are isolated and have limited access to services appropriate to their needs. Project: HIV-positive women country coordinators from Spain , France , Ireland and Italy implemented this project, suppor
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Th.D.232)
Grubb I, Westacott R; National Centre in HIV Social Research, La Trobe University, National Association of People Living with HIV/AIDS, NSW, Australia. Fax:+61 2 231 5440.
Challenges arise in the development and resourcing of a national advocacy body for people living with HIV/AIDS aimed at representing people from diverse and distant communities. Project: Australia s estimated 15, 000 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are located across a vast geographical area and possess a br
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Th.D.233)
Burian C, Hartwig K, Somswasdi V, Singhanetra-Renard A, Ankrah EM; FHI/AIDSCAP, Arlington, VA, USA. Fax: 703.516.9781.
Appropriate models for women and AIDS networks in Asia. Project: During the 3rd International Conference on AIDS in Asia and the Pacific in September 1995, a preconference workshop was held to explore the potential for creating women and AIDS networks in the region. An opening panel discussion on models for netw
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Th.D.234)
Hourcade Bellocq JL, Talavera J; Pan American Asoc. for PLWHIV/AIDS, AP+ # Global Nework of PLWHIV/AIDS, GNP+, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 541-374-2753.
Actually, People Living with HIV and AIDS movement have recently attained a greater international development, leaving aside the regional level and specialy his basis (local level). Some HIV+ persons pretend to represent all the people living with HIV and AIDS of his own country (also his region), without their
The disparity in knowledge on AIDS control and prevention at the 1st International Students Conference on AIDS in East Africa(ISCA 95) made young people to initiate a regional youth network. But a number of challenges manifest as attempt is made to implement this vision. We expose some of them. Project: The youn
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:241 (abstract no. Th.D.236)
Jackson RE, Margolis S, Williams B; Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
The Association of Minority Health Professions Schools (AMHPS) AIDS Research Consortium (ARC) was formed in late 1988 to address three primary problems confronting HIV/AIDS in the U.S.: 1) a significant lack of minority researchers (specifically African-American and others) in the HIV/AIDS arena; 2) the underrepresenta
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:242 (abstract no. Th.D.240)
Galavotti C, Cabral R, Garguillo P, Green B, Gielen A, Fogarty L; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Fax: 770-488-5965. E-mail: cxg2@ccddrhi.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: One component of an effective strategy to prevent the spread of HIV in women and infants is the prevention of unplanned pregnancies in women at risk for infection or transmission. This study identifies factors associated with consistent contraceptive use among women at risk for or infected with HIV. Methods:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:242 (abstract no. Th.D.241)
Corby NH, Wolitski RJ; Ctr. for Behavioral Res & Svcs, Long Beach, CA, USA. Fax: 310-438-9199. E-mail: corb101w@wonder.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-based community-level intervention in increasing the frequency with which women at high risk for HIV require their main and non-main sex partners to use condoms. Methods: An intervention using high-risk women to model and reinforce adoption of HIV prevention to othe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:242 (abstract no. Th.D.242)
Moreno ML, Ferreira F, Rosario S, Bello A; AIDSCAP, Arlington, VA, USA. Fax: (703) 516-9781.
Objective: To describe how a group of Dominican commercial sex worker (CSW) peer educators have helped to reduce STD and HIV seroprevalence with educational programs designed from a gender perspective. Methods: A profile of CSWs was established through various knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices (KABP) surveys
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:242 (abstract no. Th.D.243)
Deren S, Goldstein M, Williams M, Stark M, Estrada A, Friedman S, Young RM, Needle R, Tortu S, Saunders L, Beardsley M, Jose B, McCoy HV; NDRI, New York, NY. Fax: (212) 334-8417.
Objectives: Prior research indicates that drug injecting and crack using women who have sex with women (WSW) may be at higher risk of HIV than heterosexual drug using women. This study was undertaken to assess whether HIV risk behaviors and serostatus are related to sexual orientation in a national sample of women drug
An international review of HIV prevention initiatives targeting lesbians and bisexual women. Projects: In several counties HIV prevention initiatives for lesbians and bisexual women have been generated mainly by community based organisations. Initiatives from three continents were analysed and compared to assess
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Th.D.245)
Kousalya LK, Sabapathy VN; Town Railway Station, Tamilnadu, India.
Objective: The need to create an attitudinal change within the community to accept PLWHIV, particularly women as they are. Description: This is from the point of view of a seropositive 21 year old widow from rural Tamilnadu who is not a Sex-worker and was infected by my life partner (husband) within six months of marri
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:38 (abstract no. Th.D.246)
Soumahro JA, Eiger O, Gnonsoa Y, Coulibaly M, Kerouedan D; PSI/ECODEV, Washington, DC. Fax: (202) 785-0120.
Objectives: 1) To empower Ivorian women by imparting necessary knowledge and negotiating skills enabling them to better defend themselves against AIDS. 2) To develop an extended interpersonal communication network among concerned women thus enabling the community and family to better deal with societal problems includi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Th.D.250)
Lund SM; AIDS, Medicine & Miracles, Boulder, Colorado, USA. Fax: (801)-673-8251.
A person diagnosed with HIV may see it as a death sentence and might only turn to doctors for answers. There are a variety of choices which could improve one s quality of health and life. As a PLWHA for 13 years, I have out lived my original medical prognosis through alternative healing, natural therapies and bo
Realising that most Ugandan Elites, upon realising their seropositivity, turned despondent, resigned to squandering of their resources, over drunk and wither away and die in solitude. Project: A group of Seropositive persons came together in PAPP as an economic joint venture to mobilise both resources and skills
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Th.D.253)
Shoniwa E, Drew RS; Family AIDS Support Organisation (FASO), Mutare, Zimbabwe. Fax: (263) 20 65281.
In Sub-Saharan Africa HIV/AIDS affects men and women equally. Stigma and discrimination are still experienced by people living with HIV/AIDS. Women face particular problems because of lack of financial independence, difficulties in negotiating safer sex and cultural practices associated with death and decision-m
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:243 (abstract no. Th.D.254)
Roberts DJ, Compton M; AIDS Vancouver, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. Fax: 604-893-2211. E-mail: daryler@parc.org.
Lack of long term planning presents considerable challenges to persons living with HIV/AIDS. Maintaining quality of life as the disease progresses requires planning regarding housing, healthcare, income security and social support. Project: In 1992, AIDS Vancouver s Support Department was redesigned to provide o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Th.D.255)
Bogatsu D; Gaborone, Botswana. Fax: 09267 305265.
Objectives: To try to educate the public at large about HIV/AIDS. To find out about positive living with HIV/AIDS in Botswana . Project: I do AIDS education through the RED CROSS and population Services International, (PSI) is a social marketing for communication of Health. I do education throughout the country reachin
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Th.D.256)
Wright MT; Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe, Berlin, Germany. Fax: +49 30 69008742.
Objective: An exploratory study to test the effects of the AIDS epidemic on the gay community in Germany , with particular attention to the existence of an AIDS survivor syndrome (ASS). A primary goal of the research is for the first time to quantitatively define and test for the existence of this syndrome. Methods: Tw
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Th.D.350)
Mann JM; FXB Center for Health and Human Rights, Cambridge, MA, USA. Fax: 617-496-4380. E-mail: jamnn@hsphsun2.harvard.edu.
The expanding and intensifying HIV/AIDS pandemic challenges several fundamental assumptions of traditional public health and its approach to behavior-centered health problems. Traditional public health relies upon epidemiology to identify individual risk behaviors, then used to define the behavioral locus and nature of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Th.D.351)
Atkinson M; AIDS Action Now!, Toronto, ON, Canada. Fax: 416-928-2185.
Compassionate access is the provision of a therapy which has not yet been approved for sale to catastrophically ill people who, in consultation with their physician, believe that it may save life, re-establish health or alleviate suffering. The most compelling argument against compassionate access is that in practice a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Th.D.352)
Galvao J; Brazilian Interdisciplinary AIDS Association (ABIA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: (55-21) 224 3414.
The HIV/AIDS epidemic has brought an unprecedented mobilization in terms of responses arising in different cultures and societies around the world. During the 80s, supposedly the Me decade, a wide range of strategies for living with AIDS, caring for people with AIDS and conveying information on the disease were develop
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Th.D.360)
Myers T, Calzavara L, Morrison K, Allman D, Marchand R, Major C, Strike C; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 416-971-2704. E-mail: ted.myers@utoronto.ca.
Objectives: 1) To compare the extent to which gay and bisexual men who participate in a community venue-based seroprevalence survey agree to self-report their HIV antibody status and to provide an optional anonymous specimen of saliva for subsequent testing, and, 2) to examine variables associated with compliance for e
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:244 (abstract no. Th.D.361)
Guenther-Grey C, Wolitski R, Fishbein M; BIRB, DHAP, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-8623. E-mail: cyg8@cpsstdl.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To examine the correspondence of self-reported and observed condom carrying, and the relationship between observed condom carrying and reported condom use among various populations at risk for HIV infection. Methods: As part of a community-level intervention study, data were collected from 1991-1994 through
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:245 (abstract no. Th.D.362)
de Boer MA, Celentano DD, Rugpoa S, Chaiyarassamee O, Siriroj B, Tansuhaj A, Suriyanon V, Nelson KE; School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. Fax: 410 955-1836.
Objective: To assess reliability of self-reported sexual behaviors important for determining risk factors for heterosexual HIV transmission. Method: From 03/1992 to 12/1995, 512 couples in northern Thailand were enrolled into a cross sectional study. All males were HIV seropositive blood donors; the only known HIV risk
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:245 (abstract no. Th.D.363)
Friedman SR, Neaigus A, Jose B, Curtis R, Goldstein M, Ildefonso G, Des Jarlais DC; National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, NY, USA. Fax: (212) 334-8417.
Introduction: Since interpersonal interaction is a prerequisite for HIV transmission, and since interpersonal influence is a major determinant of risk behaviors, the study of social networks promises to expand our knowledge of HIV transmission and risk behaviors well beyond what individual-level research methods can pr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:245 (abstract no. Th.D.364)
Coxon AP, McManus TJ, Pozniak AL, Stevens JK; Department of Sociology, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, England. Fax: +1206 873410. E-mail: apmc@essex.ac.uk.
Objective: To examine extent and forms of concentration of highest-risk sexual behaviour among gay men, using calibrated sexual diary methods. Methods: Sexual diary data (month-long; 1035 gay men; 25082 sessions, 53877 sexual acts). Calibrated and cross-validated with interview data. Diarists are subset of Project SIGM
Objectives: 1) To research how male and female homosexuality has been addressed in general population sex surveys carried out in European countries in the context of AIDS, 2) to compare the outcomes of the various studies regarding the prevalence and expression of homosexual behavior, and 3) to explore whether national
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Th.D.370)
Forsythe S, Wienrawee P; AIDSCAP, Arlington, VA, USA. Fax: 703.516.9781.
Objectives: 1) Assess the projected financial impact on businesses of HIV/AIDS, and 2) determine the costs and benefits of HIV/AIDS prevention for businesses in Thailand . Methodology: Managers at 2 large factories (1 with skilled and the other with predominantly unskilled workers) were interviewed to develop estimates
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Th.D.371)
Hamelmann C, Mbonde J, Nyamuryekung'e K, Mwizarubi B, Msauka A, Ocheng D; African Medical And Research Foundation (AMREF), Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Fax: 51-46440.
Companies experience the increasing socio-economic impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, but lack of technical know-how and lack of funds keep managers irresolute towards HIV/AIDS prevention programmes at workplaces. Project: Based on a previous evaluation of a pilot project, 3 intervention packages were designed to
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Th.D.372)
Jorgensen CM, Hammock A, Iannacchione V, Lyu C, Murphy P, Thompson C, Montano D; Behavioral Intervention Research Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC, Altanta, GA. Fax: 404-639-8623.
Objective: To describe how US businesses have responded to the HIV/AIDS epidemic by examining health benefits, workplace disability policies, & education & charitable efforts related to HIV and other health issues. Methods: During the summer of 1995, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention s Business Resp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Th.D.373)
Hayman J, Sonnichsen C, Naamara W, Ochola P; AIDSCAP, Arlington, VA, USA. Fax: (703) 516-9781.
A comparative review of AIDSCAP s experience with worksite AIDS prevention and policy projects in Kenya , Tanzania , and Zimbabwe indicates two key aspects of these projects: (1) the type of management support influences success; (2) programs need to evolve to deal with emerging issues at the works
The AIDS in the Workplace Program (AWP) is a health promotion and education program designed for businesses as well as private, public and parapublic organisations. Its objective is to foster a working environment that allows people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV / AIDS) to be hired and stay employed. Project: The
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:246 (abstract no. Th.D.375)
McAulay T, Krakovsky D, Rowe P, Fortier C; British Columbia Persons with AIDS Society, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
No other disease has so influenced the pharmaceutical industry as HIV/AIDS. Companies are trying hard to understand and meet the needs of their customers in their drug development and marketing methods. In 1992, Glaxo Wellcome and the HIV/AIDS community formed a Community-Pharmaceutical Advisory Board (CPAB) whi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Th.D.440)
Caceres CF, Reingold A, Watts D; Institue of Population Studies, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru. Fax: 51-1-423-4805. E-mail: ccaceres@upch.edu.pe.
Objective: To produce an exploratory, qualitative account of the current sexual culture of adolescents and young adults in Lima, and, on its basis, describe sexual behavior, its psychosocial and situational correlates, and the occurrence of sexual health problems (i.e. unplanned pregnancy, STD symptoms and diagnoses an
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Th.D.441)
Paiva V, Skinner S; NEPAIDS, University of Sao Paulo, Cidade Universitaria, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 011 55 11 818 4460.
Objective: To understand the obstacles to consistent safer sex practices among youth who had previously participated in a night school-based AIDS, Reproductive Health and Safer Sex Workshop in Sao Paulo, Brazil . Methods: In the year following a series of AIDS prevention workshops, we conducted group evaluation session
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Th.D.442)
Silva KT, Schensul SL, Ratnayake P, Nastasi B; University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Fax: 94-8-32517.
Objective: To determine to what degree there is correspondence between behavior that leads to decreased risk for HIV/STD transmission and behavior that is perceived to diminish culturally-defined risk (e.g., loss of virginity). Methods: The data was collected as a part of a two year research and peer intervention proje
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Th.D.443)
Rosenthal DA; Centre for the Study of STDs, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia. Fax: 613 92855220. E-mail: cstdddr@lure.latrobe.edu.au.
Objective: To determine adolescents understanding of negotiation and coercion in a sexual encounter. Methods: One hundred and ninety-one 16-year-olds were asked (i) to rate scenarios depicting sexual situations according to their perceptions of communicative clarity, the extent of pressure being applied to one partner,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:247 (abstract no. Th.D.444)
Kipke MD, Montgomery S, Simon T, Iverson E; Childrens Hospital-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. Fax: (213) 664-8365.
Objective: To characterize HIV risk among homeless youth, and examine the relationship between peer group affiliation, peer pressure and HIV risk/protective behaviors. Methods: A standardized interview was administered to 432 youth (ages 13 to 23) recruited from service and natural sampling sites using a systematic and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Th.D.445)
Otis J, Samson JM, Levy J, Pilote F, Fugere A; Departement de Sexologie, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (514) 987-6787. E-mail: r26774@.uqam.ca.
Objective: To identify interpersonal and psychosocial determinants of condom use with the last lover among french-speaking college students in Quebec. Methods: In 1994-1995, 2828 students (57% girls: 75.5% sexually active) enrolled in 62 CEGEPS were recruited according to a simple one stage cluster sampling, stratified
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Th.D.446)
Miller KS, Wendell DA, Clark LF, Levin ML, Gray-Ray P, Velez CN, Webber MP; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-6118. E-mail: KXM3@cidHIV1.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To define a typology of adolescent sexual behavior ranging from no intention to engage in intercourse to intercourse with multiple partners; to compare the usefullness of the new typology with that of the traditional dichotomy of sexually active/sexually inactive for understanding behaviors that put youth at
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Th.D.450)
Nowrojee S, Trilivas I, O'Malley J; International HIV/AIDS Alliance, London, UK.
Knowledge, attitudes and practice about sexuality, sexual health and gender all have an impact upon the vulnerability of individuals and communities to HIV infection, and their ability to support and care for people with HIV. NGOs addressing HIV/AIDS must take into account these issues, and many NGOs already dea
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Th.D.451)
Gahagan J; AIDS Committee of Windsor, Windsor, Ont.
Although young, sexually active women possess a high level of AIDS knowledge, they are at high risk for HIV/AIDS due to the inability to incorporate safer sex practices into their sexual repertoire. Methods: Young, sexually active female university students aged 19 - 25 were asked to fill out a KAB-type question
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:248 (abstract no. Th.D.453)
Chaima A, Samu SM, Shawa M, Sulanowski BK, Chilambe T, Domatob A; AIDS Control Programme, Lilongure, Malawi. Fax: (265) 742006.
Objective: To determine when and why girls start sexual intercourse and to solicit suggestions on how girls can change their sexual behaviour and avoid HIV/AIDS infections. The high incidence of AIDS among young women is a key concern of the Government of Malawi , hence its efforts to help girls to delay sexual interco
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:249 (abstract no. Th.D.454)
Harrison JS, Norris FH, Kay KL, Dixon D, Peters M, Moore J; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-6118. E-mail: JSH3@CIDHIV1.EM.CDC.GOV.
Objective: Lack of power in relationships has been posited as a barrier to women s ability to negotiate safer sex behavior to protect themselves against HIV. The present study assessed the impact of power on condom use among Puerto Rican women and their primary male partners. Methods: One hundred eighty-seven Puerto Ri
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:249 (abstract no. Th.D.455)
Guimaraes CD; Department of Social Anthropology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55 21 224-8664.
In Brazil , a significant increase in cases of AIDS through sexual transmission now include young women in stable relationships, of lower income families. But this change in the epidemiological profile has not redirected current interventions, while family women and their partners still tend to sustain a low ris
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:249 (abstract no. Th.D.456)
Catan V, Schilling F, El-Bassel N, Altarac D, Bidassie B, Wada T; Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA. Fax: 212-854-854-8549. E-mail: vc46@columbia.edu.
Objective: To determine the AIDS-related risk behavior in a sample of predominantly Latina and African-American women on methadone maintenance in New York City. Methods: We screened 326 women at a methadone clinic in Harlem. With 151 patients who endorsed one of ten HIV- related risk behaviors, we conducted face-to-fac
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:249 (abstract no. Th.D.457)
Warren WK, King AJ, Connop HL; Social Program Evaluation Group (SPEG), Queen's University. Fax: (613) 545-2556. E-mail: warren@qucdn.queensu.ca.
Objective: To develop an explanatory model of high risk sexual behaviour in young women which incorporates the shared norms and values of a risk-taking peer group. Methods: Data were collected from a group of 60 young women between the ages of 17 and 21 participating in high risk sexual behaviours. Subjects were access
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:249 (abstract no. Th.D.460)
Kywe B, Nyunt N, Nu Nu K, Oo K, Nwe MH, Myint H, Win S; STD Control Program, Department of Health, Yangon, Myanmar.
Background: Commercial sex work is culturally and legally discouraged in Myanmar , but remains a problem. In December 1992, the Central STD Clinic established a Special Unit as a CSW-friendly method for reaching CSWs. Objectives: To develop a mechanism for communicating with active CSWs; to train CSWs as peer educators
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Th.D.461)
Pan S; Institute for Research in Sexuality and Gender, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
The number and the sphere of secret female sex workers in China were increasing speedily. Unprotected sexual intercourse and anal sex were guessed as quite much during the prostitute activities. However, what kinds of factors had paid their important influence upon such AIDS-related behavior was still not clear.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Th.D.462)
Nhieu NV; HCMC, Vietnam. Fax: 84-8-650232.
Peer education is standard practice in Vietnam with so-called at risk groups-commercial sex workers (CSWs) and injecting drug users. Is it an efficient mothod to educate CSWs about safe sex? Project: CARE embarked on two pilot peer education projects - Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) - with two local agencies
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Th.D.464)
Cornman H, Hirchsmann A; Asociacion Guatemalteca para la Prevencion y Control del SIDA, (AGPCS) Guatemala, Central America. Fax: 502-2-516531.
Sex workers within the red light district of Guatemala City live and/or work in deplorable conditions. The majority of these women have minimal orientation concerning issues such as STD s, HIV/AIDS, self-esteem and are routinely subjected to human rights abuses. Project: The La Sala project consists of an inno
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Th.D.465)
Ghee AE, Tempongko S, Tiglao T, Wi TE; AIDSCAP, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Fax: (703) 516-9781.
Objective: Describe clinic-based communications between female sex workers (FSWs) and health care workers (HCWs) for STD-related health education messages. Methods: A total of 858 informants in Metro Manila and Metro Cebu were interviewed by trained interviewers using 13 different interview guides between December 1994
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:250 (abstract no. Th.D.466)
Lansun E, Serre A, Cabral C, Castelletti S, Ourkia S, Maugat S, De Vincenzi I; PASTT, Paris, France. Fax: (33) 1 53 26 27 88.
First year of activity of a community-based preventive action among street-based transvestite/transformist CSW. Project: In September 1994 a mobile drop-in centre (bus) was set up with the objectives of developing HIV/STD prevention and facilitating access to health and social services among sex workers. Field w
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Th.A.4001)
Monticelli A, Balbaryski J, Sapia S, Gamboni M, Jauregui RH; FAIVIH/S, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 962-8927.
Objectives: 1) To investigate whether CD8+/CD38+ subset has prognostic value of HIV progression; 2) To evaluate the correlation between ADA test (indirect marker of viral replication) and the CD8+/CD38+ subset (indirect marker of viral load). Methods: A cohort of 63 HIV-infected patients, both sexes average age: 28 yea
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Th.A.4002)
Balbaryski J, Monticelli A, Galeano A, Jauregui RH; FAIVIH/S, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 962-8927.
Objective: 1) To evaluate the phenotype CD8+/CD28+ (cytotoxic cells) in HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: Pheripheral blood lymphocytes subset from 63 HIV+ patients both sexes average age: 28 years old and from 20 healthy individuals as controls were analyzed by flow cytometry with two colour staining (CD4+, CD8+, and CD8+/C
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Th.A.4003)
Juncos G, Muchinik G, Zapiola I, Bouzas MB, Admejian G, Multare S, Wainstein C; Unidad de Virologia, Hospital "F.J. Muniz", Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: (54-1) 1 806-2078.
Objective: To question using HIV-1/HIV-2 third-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA), the algorithm used in most laboratories in developing countries that has been established with first and second generation tests Methods: Serum samples from patients seeking HIV testing were studied for HIV-1/2 using third generation te
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Th.A.4004)
Buyse MA, Sablon E, Bosman F, Saman E; Innogenetics, Gent, Belgium. Fax: 32/9/241 09 07.
Objective: Heterologous expression of HIV/SIV capsid (CA) antigens containing a purification tag in E. coli, purification using metal ion chromatography and the use as immunogens to obtain monoclonals reactive with the native viral proteins. Methods: The genes encoding the capsid proteins from HIV-1 group O virus (Ant7
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Th.A.4005)
Whaley MD, Yang Y, Grant M, Hoffmann GW; Immune Network Research Ltd, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Objective: To produce anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies that recognise idiotopes present on IgG from HIV-infected individuals in order to determine stage of disease and prognosis. Methods: Monoclonal antibodies were produced by immunising Balb/c mice with pooled human anti-HIV IgG. The resulting hybridoma supernatan
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:254 (abstract no. Th.A.4006)
Filion LG, Gurnani K; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: 613-562-5452. E-mail: lfilion@labsunl.med.uottawa.ca.
Introduction: CD45/SS gating has been proposed as protocol to eliminate the ambiguity in distinguishing lymphocytes from monocytes and improve the reliability of % CD4 counts in HIV-infected patients. The mAb CD45 is added to all of the tubes in the panel as a marker to draw gates to distinguish lymphocytes from monocy
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Th.A.4007)
Gurnani K, Filion LG; Univ. of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: 613-562-5452.
Introduction: Tumour necrotic factor (TNF-alpha)alpha is produced by many cell types of the immune system. This cytokine is usually secreted, however, a trans-membrane form has been observed on cytotoxic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Objectives: 1) to determine if the mTNF-alpha could be detected on CD3+ T cells and CD14+ mon
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Th.A.4008)
Bergeron M, Lacroix F, Minkus T, Chabot C, Phaneuf S, Somorjai R, Mandy F; National Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Analytical Cytology, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: (613) 957-7258.
Objective: To evaluate 8 different commercially available methods for absolute count determinations of T-cell subsets from whole blood. Methods: 100 HIV+ volunteers were evaluated for absolute lymphocyte counts. The methods included three conventional double platform, and five single platform techniques. The convention
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Th.A.4009)
O'Gorman MR, Mandy F, Gelmann R; Bureau of Labs & Research Services, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Objective: To measure the accuracy, intra- and inter-laboratory precision of VCC as compared to conventional flow cytometry plus hematology (F+H) CD4 and CD8 whole blood T cell determinations in HIV+ patients. Methods: Five NIAID certified flow cytometry laboratories were selected, each with a different F+H system. Sam
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Th.A.4010)
Adalid L, Soler C, Qualtiere L, Ziola B; Dept. of Microbiology, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. Fax: (306) 966-4311.
Objective: Epitope mapping of a panel of p24 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), leading to assembly of a sensitive p24 enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Methods: Spleens from mice hyper-immunized with inactivated HIV 1 (strain IIIB) were used in two hybridoma fusions. Ultimately, 15 recloned hybridomas secreting IgG-class p24 MAbs
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Th.A.4011)
Perez L, Magadan R, Tormo BR, Torres K, Pena O, Hernandez R, Menendez R, Torranzo Y, Serrano T; Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba. Fax: 53-7-333509/335049.
Objective: To evaluate an alternative method to immunofluorescence and flow citometry based on ligh microscopy using monoclonal antibodies for the determination of CD3, CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte subsets. Method: Lymphocytes subpopulation of 54 HIV+ patients have been evaluated with MICROptic, an alternative method based o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:255 (abstract no. Th.A.4012)
Ranger-Rogez S, Nicot T, Denis F; Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges, France.
Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and the specificity of 5 automatized current anti-HIV-1/HIV-2 tests. Material and methods: The following tests were used: Abbott IMX HIV-1/HIV-2 3rd generation plus and Abbott AxSym system HIV-1/HIV-2, Abbott Laboratories , Chicago,II, USA, VI
P24 Antigen(P24), with or without Antigen/Antibody complex disruption(ICD) is used as a routine marker of viral replication. It can be correlated with disease progression, and has been used as a criterion for entry into clinical trials and subsequently for monitoring antiviral therapies. Treating serum samples with aci
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Th.A.4014)
Hoess E, Huebner-Parajsz C, Borgya A, Faatz E, Grol M, Ofenloch-Haehnle B; Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, Tutzing, Germany.
Samples of human sera comprising all clinical phases are indispensable for the development of HIV screening assays. However, such samples, especially from patients infected with new subtypes, are either not commonly available or rarely so in number, and only then in very small quantities. Therefore, a mixture of monocl
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Th.A.4015)
Ujhelyi E, Rasky K, Balogh P, Berki T, Banhegyi D; Diagnosticum Ltd Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. Tel/Fax: 36-1 20 30 944.
Objective: To compare three monoclonal antibodies against HIV-1 p24 antigen to detect p24 antigen parallel on the cell surface and in the cytoplasma of HIV-infected CD4+ cells in different stages of HIV infection. Methods: H11, H13 and H15 monoclonal antibodies were developed against the whole HIV virus lysate (H9 cell
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Th.A.4016)
Van Binsbergen J, De Rijk D, Peels H, Dries C, Verbraak G, Clarijs J, Gurtler L; Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands. Fax: 31-411654427.
The Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II is a third generation one step sandwich MicroELISA detecting anti-HIV-1 and HIV-2 positive sera. Until now the current Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II detects all reported HIV-1 group O sera by cross reaction (Loussert-Ajaka,I. et al., 1994, Lancet 343, 1393-1394; Simon,F. et al., 1994, AIDS
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Th.A.4017)
Tulgar F, Eijkhout M, Keur W, Peels H, Van Binsbergen J; Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands. Fax: 31-411654427.
The current 3rd generation of Organon Teknika s Vironostika HIV plus O Uni-Form II and Hepanostika HBsAg Uni-Form II are one step sandwich microELISAs in which the conjugate is present in the well as a freeze dried sphere containing a blue (HIV) or a green dye (HBsAg). Because of the assay format and the applied dyes p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:256 (abstract no. Th.A.4018)
Foudraine N, Veenstra J, Krol A, Keet IP, Meyaard L, Coutinho RA, Miedema F; Municipal Health Service, Dept of Health and Environment, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Fax: +31-20-5555533.
Introduction: It has been surmised in cross-sectional studies that serum IgE levels and the incidence of atopic disease increase during progression of HIV-1 infection due to a change in cytokine production (Th1 -Th2 helper cell switch). However, few studies have investigated serum IgE prospectively. Objective: To deter
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Th.A.4019)
Wagner CJ, Joe ET, Reilly M, Varro R; Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, CA. Fax: 408-954-2347.
Objectives: Until recently the determination of absolute counts for T-lymphocyte subsets has relied on the use of both a hematology instrument and a flow cytometer. The TriTEST/TRUCOUNT three-color flow cytometry system measures absolute counts directly, eliminating the variability contributed by the hematology analyze
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Th.A.4020)
Shenkin M, Bergeron M, Chabot C, Mandy F; Coulter Corporation, Miami, FL, USA. Fax: (305) 380-3605.
Objective: There are two manufacturers marketing clinical flow cytometers with 4-color capabilities. However, little validation data exists to indicate the advantages of 4-color immunophenotyping of T-cells subsets for HIV/AIDS. CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell values with three 4-color phenotyping protocols were compared to a 2-c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Th.A.4021)
Nicholson JK, Bergeron M, Mandy F; Immunology Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS, NCID, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404) 639-2108.
Objective: Blood samples more than 24 hours old from HIV+ patients often pose a difficult challenge for immunophenotyping CD4+ cells. We evaluated 3 different gating strategies for immunophenotyping blood samples to determine which was the best for correctly identifying CD4+ cells in specimens of poor quality. Method:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Th.A.4022)
Collins CL, Rosner ER, Hearn TL; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA. Fax: (770) 488-7663.
Objective: This study evaluates how CD4+ T-cell testing quality improvement programs have affected laboratory practices and assured high quality testing. Methods: Guidelines for performing CD4+ T-cell testing, laboratory training and education, and performance evaluation programs have been developed and implemented by
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:257 (abstract no. Th.A.4023)
Constantine NT, Saville R, Wisnom C, DePaola L, Holm-Hansen C, Sangare A, Falkler W Jr; University of Maryland Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: 410-328-3726. E-mail: nconstan@umabnet.ab.edu.
Objective: To evaluate, prospectively, the accuracy of two new HIV-1/2 rapid/simple assays specifically designed for testing oral fluid (saliva) samples. Methods: Serum/oral fluid pairs were collected from 615 high and low risk individuals in the US, Peru , and Cote d Ivoire
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Th.A.4024)
Gottfried TD, Sturge JC, Haight VC, Urnovitz HB; Calypte Biomedical Corporation, Berkeley, CA. Fax:(510) 526-5381. E-mail:hervdoc@aol.com.
Objective: To determine if reactivity against HIV-1 viral gene product gp 160 only can be the interpretation criteria for positivity in a urine HIV-1 Western Blot. Introduction: HIV-1 urine antibodies can be reliably detected in individuals exposed to HIV-1 by the Calypte HIV-1 Urine EIA as demonstrated in a prospectiv
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Th.A.4025)
Ding TE, Bergeron M, Rud E, Mandy F; National Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Analytical Cytology, Bureau of HIV/AIDS and STD, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: (613) 957-7258.
Objective: It is essential for a quality control system to utilize a biological control/reference material for daily instrument and color compensation. Could a healthy volunteer s whole blood sample be fixed and frozen in numerous aliquots to serve as a reference preparation for a clinical immunophenotypic laboratory?
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Th.A.4026)
Mama A, Kateswara S, Kashamuka M; Procjet SIDA/HMY, Belgium.
Objective: To determine, after 5 years of slackening, if ELISAs used in most of medical laboratories in Kinshasa are still reliable according to their specificity and sensitivity. This study attempts to determine the efficiency of 4 ELISAs. Methodology: 600 human sera were collected from blood bank at Mama Yemo hospita
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Th.A.4029)
Songok EM, Libondo DK, Rotich MC, Tukei PM, Kurimura T; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
In the current enormous HIV-1 Subtype variability prevalent in East Africa, safe blood transfusion depend on identification of correct commercial HIV blood screening kits with high and broad spectrum sensitivity. Worldwide, there are currently more than 130 commercial HIV test kits made by more than forty commercial co
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Th.A.4030)
Velasquez J, Carnevale S, Labbe J, Chertcoff A, Cabrera M, Rodriguez M, Guarnera E; Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto Nacional de Microbiologia, Capital Federal, Argentina. Fax: 54 1 303 2382. E-mail: parasito@malbra.sld.ar.
Objective: To evaluate a PCR technique for diagnosis of microsporidiosis caused by Enterocytozoon bieneusi. Methods: Ten HIV-infected patients were studied. Six patients had intestinal microsporidiosis caused by E. bieneusi (n = 2) and Septata intestinalis (n = 4). Microsporidiosis was confirmed by electron transmissio
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:258 (abstract no. Th.A.4031)
Minkus T, Lacroix F, Faucher S, Bergeron M, Mandy F; National Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Analytical Cytology, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Fax: (613) 957-7258.
Objective: Understanding of early cell activation events may help to identify surrogate markers that are responsible for predicting the rate of disease progression. A study was organized to determine if a relatively complex immunophenotyping protocol that includes kinetic and cell binding capacity measurements can be i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Th.A.4032)
Pellegrino P, Lafeuillade A, Costes O, Poggi C, Profizi N, Tamalet C; Unite d'Infectiologie, Hopital Chalucet, Toulon, France. Fax: 33-94 92 67 47.
Objective: to analyse differences and correlations between 4 different approaches to measure HIV-1 viremia. Methods: 202 HIV-1 infected patients at different stages of disease have been studied. All of them had Immune Complexes Dissociated p24 antigen measured in serum (ICD p24, Coulter, Margency, France
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Th.A.4033)
Dennin RH, Aries SP, Dalhoff K; Institute Medical Microbiology, Medical University, Luebeck, Germany. Fax: 49-451-500-2749. E-mail: dennin@hygiene.MU-luebeck.de.
Objective: Intruiging differences in the relation between the concentration of p24-antigen and the HIV-RNA viral load have been observed. This study aimed to evaluate the relevance of these widely used surrogate markers with regard to concentration of CD4(+) cell counts and clinical stages Methods: Seventy five HIV-pos
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Th.A.4034)
Morita T, Naitou H, Mimaya J, Horikoshi Y, Amano K; University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. Fax: 054-264-5793.
Objective: To quantitate genomic RNA content in sera of HIV-1 infected hemophiliacs periodically and compare with other serologic HIV-1 markers and clinical courses. Methods: HIV-1 RNA was extracted and purified from 100 microliters of frozen sera by an RNA zol B(Biotecx). After reverse-transcription, cDNA was amplifie
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Th.A.4035)
Young N, Chaowanachan T, Shaffer N, Kittinunvorakoon C, Sriburi A, Bunwattanakul A, Suksaweang S, Pobkeeree V, Rapier J, Kalish ML, Rayfield M, George R, Schochetman G, Mastro TD; HIV/AIDS Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Fax: 66-2-580-0696. E-mail: nly0@bangkok.em.cdc.gov.
Objective The Roche AMPLICORE HIV-1 qualitative PCR assay provides a simplified format for testing in the clinical laboratory. Since the initial kit format was not 100% sensitive for all HIV-1 subtypes, a modified kit format using a smaller sample volume and a lower annealing temperature was developed by Roche Molecula
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:259 (abstract no. Th.A.4036)
Jurriaans S, Vernazza PL, Goudsmit J, Boogaard J, Van Gemen B; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-6916531.
Objective: Sexual transmission is a major route of the spread of HIV-1 infection. To study factors that contribute to the shedding of infectious HIV in semen and potentially to the infectivity of infected individuals different aspects of viral load were studied in semen and blood plasma. Methods: Semen and blood sample
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:260 (abstract no. Th.A.4037)
Respess RA, Butcher A, Wang H, Chaowanachan T, Young N, Shaffer N, Mastro T, Biryahwaho B, Downing R, Tanuri A, Schechter M, Pascy R, Zekeng L, Kaptue L, Gurtler L, Ellenberger D, Fridland C, Rayfield M, Kwok S; Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, CA, USA. Fax: (510) 814-2997.
A qualitative HIV-1 assay has been extensively tested on adult isolates from the United States and Europe with demonstrated sensitivity of greater than 99%. However, the genetic diversity of HIV-1 raises concern about the ability of current serological and nucleic acid procedures to detect all variants, particularly th
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:260 (abstract no. Th.A.4038)
Baxter JD, Paterson JM, Byrne BC; Cooper Hospital/UMC, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden, New Jersey, USA. Fax: 609-757-7803. E-mail: baxter@UMDNJ.edu.
Objective: To determine the methodological sources of variability in a QC-PCR assay used for measuring plasma HIV-1 RNA copy number. Methods: A single plasma sample obtained from an HIV-1 infected individual with a CD4 cell count of 123 cells/cmm was divided into 10 aliquots, and separate RNA extractions using a rapid
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:260 (abstract no. Th.A.4039)
Alash'le AG, Wang A, Jelpe D, Cooper A, Kyari S, Isamade E, Aldrich K, Akinsete I, Gallo RC, Robert-Guroff M; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology (LTCB), NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-496-8394. E-mail: abimiku@helix.nih.gov.
Objective: To develop simple, affordable and rapid molecular and immunological assays for HIV research in Africa, and for the development of a safe, effective and inexpensive vaccine for use in Africa. Methods: Serum samples and blood dots on filters were collected from individuals from different parts of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:260 (abstract no. Th.A.4041)
Sahai BM, Sidhu A, Nath A, Hammond G; Cadham Provincial Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Fax: (204) 948-2204.
Objective: To characterize clinical, virologic and immunologic features of HIV 1-infected subjects who survive for 3 years or longer with CD4+ T cell counts of 0 to 20/mm3. Methods: The p24 antigen levels were assayed before and after dissociation of immune complex by a commercial immunoassay ( Abbott Laborato
Objectives: To determine the differences in the immunological and virological course between HIV-1 infected pts (pts) subjected to different protocols of antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Twenty-two pts were enrolled for this study; eleven pts had never been treated with antiretroviral drugs and eleven pts had an histor
Objective: To measure endothelin-1 (ET-1) as the most powerful and important factor regulating vasoconstriction in normal and pathological conditions. A large number of AIDS-patients show signs of ocular microangiopathy. Cotton wool spots in the retina often seen in demented patients indicate the involvement of the vas
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:261 (abstract no. Th.A.4045)
Castillo-Rodriguez G, Feregrino-Goyos M, Gomez-Caro WH, Higuera-Ramirez FJ, Mireles MP; Centro de investigacion y terapeutica avanzada en inmunodeficiencias (CITAID), Juarez, Mexico, DF. Fax: 525 672 5082.
Objective: The technology of PCR amplification test lets us to detect with an amplification of millions of times specific particles of integrated HIV within lymphocyte, to measure the viral load and to evaluate resistance too antiviral therapeutic. With collaboration of Corning Laboratory from Santa Barbara, USA we sen
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:261 (abstract no. Th.A.4046)
Yokoyama H, Hamamoto H, Fujii T, Otake T, Mori H, Kawahata T, Morimoto M, Ueba N, Goto T, Nakai M; Tag Biosystem Inst., Tokushima, Japan. Fax: 81-886-56-0185.
Objective: We show that, using our developed aggregation test, we can directly detect HIV without using antigen capture EIA or RT-PCR method. Methods: We designed and synthesized TaBS, a peptide molecular architecture that can recognize envelop protein of HIV-1, but not HIV-2. This molecule has a molecular weight of ab
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:261 (abstract no. Th.A.4047)
Fransen K, Nys P, Stynen D, Nkengasong J, van der Groen G; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium. Fax: 32 3 247 63 33.
Objectives: To evaluate a newly developed antigen test (Innogenetics). Material and Methods: Three-fold serial dilutions (1:3 to 1:531441) of supernatant (SN) of virus culture of eight different HIV-1 genotypes (A-H) and four group O, four HIV-2 and two SIVcpz s have been tested in two commercially available antigen te
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:261 (abstract no. Th.A.4048)
Dentale N, Marani L, Fraternali G, Scarani P, Colangeli V, Borderi M, Marinacci G, Fulgaro C, Costigliola P, Chiodo F; Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Bologna, Italy. Fax: +39-51-343500.
Objective: To evaluate: 1) the utility of necropsy to confirm clinical diagnoses or to establish patologies AIDS-related undiagnosed in vivo ; 2) to establish the mean causes of death in last few years of the epidemic of AIDS. Methods: Clinical and autopsy charts of 203 patients who died for AIDS in our hospital betwee
Objectives: To determine the problematical of borderline negative result and to assess the sense of indeterminate result. Methods: Among 4777 patients were tested for HIV in the LAB of Project SIDA from January to December 1995. A clinical survey was completed for each patient. The result was considered borderliner neg
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Th.A.4050)
Clevenbergh P, Payen MC, De Wit S, Gerard M, Peche R, Clumeck N; Infectious Diseases Clinic, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium. Fax: 539.3614.
Primary infection with T. gondii associated with toxoplasmic encephalitis or pneumonitis have been described in previously toxo-seronegative HIV patients. We report the case of a formely toxo-seronegative AIDS patient who presented a symptomatic primary toxoplasmic infection diagnosed by blood culture and who had no vi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Th.A.4051)
Chomyc SA, Davison E, Della Bruna C, Imondi A, Talbot J; Microbiology/Public Health, UAH, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Fax: 403-492-7796. E-mail: sac@bugs.uah.ualberta.ca.
Objective: To determine the susceptibility of M. malmoense and M. shimoidei to antimycobacterial drugs in clinical use. These mycobacteria are increasingly isolated in AIDS patients. Method: Sixteen clinical isolates of M. malmoense and four of M. shimoidei were obtained from laboratories across Canada . T
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Th.A.4052)
Mody CH, Wood CJ, Spurrell JC; Division of Pulomonary Medicine, Univ. of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Fax: 403-283-4740. E-mail: cmody@acs.ucalgary.ca.
C. neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that infects AIDS patients. AIDS patients have defective lymphocyte responses, which are critical for effect host defense to C. neoformans. It has previously been shown that HIV-infected patients have markedly impaired lymphocyte proliferation to C. neoformans in vitro, and this r
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Th.A.4053)
Picardeau M, Vincent V; Laboratoire de Reference des Mycobacteries, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Fax: 33 (1) 40 61 31 18. E-mail: mpicard@pasteur.fr.
Objective: To clarify the epidemiology of infection of AIDS patients with M. avium, one of the main agents of opportunistic infections in the late stage of AIDS. Molecular techniques which allow differenciation of M. avium strains are important approaches for epidemiological study and therapeutic management. Methods: W
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:262 (abstract no. Th.A.4054)
Dubois VL, Lafon ME, Ragnaud JM, Pellegrin JL, Fleury HJ; Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France. Fax: 33.56.79.56.73.
Objectives: To determine whether the opportunistic JC Virus (JCV) productively infects peripheral blood leukocytes in HIV-infected persons. JCV induces progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in 3% of AIDS patients. However, the pathophysiology of JCV reactivation in immunosuppressed persons is still controver
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Th.A.4055)
Zippel T, Schneider T, Schmidt W, Koppe S, Riecken EO, Ullrich R; Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Fax: 030-793-5771.
Objective: To investigate cytomegalovirus ( CMV )-specific secretory immunity in HIV-infected patients with CMV-enteritis. Methods: Serum, saliva, supernatants of short-term cultured intestinal biopsies, and duodenal fluids from 14 male HIV-positiv patients, mean age: 47 (31-62), with CMV-infection were analysed by Wes
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Th.A.4056)
Malhotra VL, Lal VB, Gulati SM; Dept. Of Microbiology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Objective: To determine prevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii infection in HIV Sero-positive professional blood donors. Methods: One hundred HIV seropositive professional blood were screened for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG class of antibodies using the ELISA method. Fifty HIV seronegative blood donors served as the c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Th.A.4057)
Sullivan D, Harrington BJ, McCreary C, Moran G, Coleman D; University of Dublin, School of Dental Science, Trinity College, Republic of Ireland. Fax: 353-1-6618581.
Objective: To identify and characterize a group of atypical Candida oral isolates recovered from HIV-infected intravenous drug users and haemophiliacs. Methods: Ninety-five oral Candida isolates which could not be identified on the basis of substrate assimilation profiles were recovered from separate HIV-infected intra
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Th.A.4058)
Bergin C, Crowley B, Horgan MA, Keane C, Mulcahy F; Department Of Genitourinary Medicine, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Mycobacterium avium complex ( MAC ) is one of the commonest opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS however the natural history and geographical variation of the disease remains uncertain. The application of recently developed microbiological diagnostic techniques has aided the study of it s epidemiology. Object
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Th.A.4059)
Biglino A, Albera C, Ghio P, Forno B, Pollono AM, Gioannini P, Pozzi E; Ospedale Civile di Asti, Italy. Fax: 39-141-392338. E-mail: infett@oasi.shiny.it.
Objective: to evaluate the local immunologic pattern of alveolitis caused by different opportunistic infections (Ois) ( PCP vs others) in HIV-related pneumonia. Methods: Total and differential cell count, alveolar macrophages (AMs) phenotyping and morphometric analysis (by Giemsa stain and computer-assisted image analy
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:263 (abstract no. Th.A.4060)
Dolei A, Curreli S, Pierangeli A, Marongiu P, Bucci M, Serra C, Biolchini A, Degener AM; Inst. of Microbiology and Virology, Sassari, Italy. Fax:(39-79)212345.
Objective: To demonstrate a direct role of HIV, not mediated by the immunodeficiency, in the increased incidence of tumors caused by papillomaviruses ( HPV ) in HIV-infected individuals. Methods: HPV18 expression has been studied in HeLa-T4 cells during HIV-1 infection. These cells have 10-20 HPV18 DNA copies integrate
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:264 (abstract no. Th.A.4061)
Di Bari MA, Bonavita B, Costigliola P, Guzzo F, Marinacci G, Tumietto F, Colangeli V, Borderi M, Chiodo F; Dpt of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Bologna, Italy. Fax: +39-51-343500.
Objective - To investigate the onset, clinical features, and efficacy of treatment and prognosis during cryptosporidial infection in AIDS patients. Methods - Twenty-four cases of cryptosporidiosis were diagnosed in AIDS patients since 1985 to 1995, with stool examination after Ritchie enrichment technique modified by A
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:264 (abstract no. Th.A.4062)
Parisi A, Calderon W, Capellini R, Malfitano A, Sacchi P, Filice G; Divisione Malattie Infettive E Tropicali, Pavia, Italy.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a three drugs regimen in the treatment of Cryptococcosis in AIDS, including Amphotericin B plus Flucytosine for 15 days followed from Itraconazole. Methods: We report the clinical and microbiological data about a 6-months follow up carried out on 9 AIDS-patients with Cryptococcosi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:264 (abstract no. Th.A.4063)
Delia S, Massetti AP, Marchese R, d'Ettorre G, Lichtner M, Mengoni F, Mastroianni CM; Dept. Infectious and Tropical Diseases, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. Fax: 39 6 4453760.
Objective: To investigate the in vitro effect of Rhodococcus equi on HIV-1 replication. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 2 HIV-infected patients (5 x 105 cells each) and cocultured in triplicate with an equal number of PBMC from a healthy donor, with or without addition of 10 x 106
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:264 (abstract no. Th.A.4064)
Cirioni O, Giacometti A, Veccia S, Drenaggi D, Fiorentini A, Al Natour I, Scalise G; Institute of Infectious Diseases, Ospedale Umberto I, Ancona, Italy. Fax: 0039-71.5963468.
Objective: To study new combination for the treatment or prevention of Pneumocystis carinii infections. Methods: Three clinical isolates of P. carinii were studied. Atovaquone, azithromycin, clarithromycin and roxithromycin were tested. The human lung epithelial cell line A549 was used. Serial diluitions of each drugs
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:264 (abstract no. Th.A.4065)
Morris L, Makena SN, Tiemessen CT, Martin DJ; National Institute for Virology, Johannesburg, South Africa. Fax: +2711 882-0596. E-mail: lynnm@niv.ac.za.
Objectives: To assess the role of IL-6, a Th2-type cytokine with potent HIV-1 inducing capabilities, in HIV-1 and mycobacterial co-infection. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and blood monocytes isolated from patients co-infected with HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) were stimulated in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:264 (abstract no. Th.A.4066)
Rodriguez AF, Von Wichmann M, Arrizabalaga J, Iribarren JA, Urbe F, Merino J; Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Ntra. Sra. De Aranzazu, San Sebastian, Spain. Fax: 34-43460782.
Objective: To evaluate the clinical, radiologic and microbiologic features of Lung Cavitation and HIV infection. Methods: We reviewed the records of all cases with lung cavitation and HIV infection admitted at our Hospital between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1995. Results: We have identified 66 cases who had lung
Objective: The candidacidal calcium-binding myelomonocytic protein calprotectin, normally produced by granulocytes, monocytes and macrophages and various mucosal squamous epithelia, is present in saliva at concentrations that may influence candidal infection. The present study aimed to determine salivary calprotectin c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:265 (abstract no. Th.A.4068)
Orenstein JM, Yachnis A, Didier E, Fishbein M, Mertens R; Department of Pathology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC. Fax: 202-994-2518. E-mail: jmo@gwis2.circ.gwu.edu.
Background: Microsporidiosis, already established as a major cause of chronic diarrhea in AIDS patients, is being recognized as a more widespread clinical problem. Considering the frequency of CNS microsporidiosis in nonhuman mammals, the absence heretofore of reported brain infection in AIDS patients has been perplexi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:265 (abstract no. Th.A.4069)
Burke DG, Kalayjian R, Madreperla S, Vann VR, Shick HE, Leonard DG; University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH. Fax: 216/844-1810. E-mail: DBL@po.cwru.edu.
Objective: Serious neurologic complications of Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) infection are increasingly recognized in HIV-infected patients. We developed a rapid and sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of VZV-DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and correlated this with neurologic disease d
Objective: The aims of this study were (1) to ascertain the species of yeasts infecting HIV-positive patients with oral candidiasis from two distinct populations in Zambia and England, and (2) to compare two putative virulence determinants (protease secretion and adherence) of these species. Methods: Yeasts were isolat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:265 (abstract no. Th.A.4072)
Zeroli C, Torre D, Ferrario G, Orani A, Bassi P, Pugliese A, Casari S, Carosi GP, Fiori GP; Department of Infectious Diseases, Varese, Italy. Fax: 332-265586.
Objective: The major mechanism of resistance to Toxoplasma gondii is cell-mediated immunity. The Th1 profile (IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-2 ) plays a crucial protective role in prevention of reactivation of a latent infection in immunocompromised patients, such as HIV-1 infected patients. In addition, in vitro, it has been
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:265 (abstract no. Th.A.4073)
Libanore M, Ghinelli F, Gritti FM, Bicocchi R, Aleotti A, Ricci N; Depts. of Infect. Dis., St. Anna Hospital, Ferrara, Italy. Fax: 0532/295248.
Background: Microsporidium has been recognized as a frequent etiologic agent of chronic diarrhea associated with HIV infection. The diagnosis of microsporidiosis depends on morphological demonstration of the organism based on electron microscopic examination of intestinal tissue specimens. Recently, coprodiagnostic tec
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Th.A.4074)
Libanore M, Rossi MR, Bicocchi R, Sighinolfi L, Rigolin F, Ghinelli F; Departments of Infectious Diseases, Ferrara, Italy. Fax: 0532/295248.
Background: Tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients is highly prevalent in Southern Europe. Rapid diagnosis is important to start specific therapy in these subjects. Objective: To study the clinical usefulness of the amplification assay in the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis directly in clinical samples of patien
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Th.A.4075)
Bortolozzi R, Lupo S, Cikre D, Giraudo M, Taborda M; University of Rosario, Faculty of Medical Science, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Fax: 54-41-248045.
Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis (LG) was first reported by Leibow in 1972. It is a well document but poorly understood lymphoproliferative disorder that is one of the causes of necrotizing midfacial lesion when it involves the upper respiratory tract. LG has been previously reported to occur in immunocompromised patients,
Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas of EBV-driven B-cell origin complicate the course of AIDS in approximately 5% of patients. Clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from CNS toxoplasmosis, lymphomas generally present as solitary lesion. Current protocols advise 10 to 21 days of empiric antitoxoplas
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Th.A.4077)
Esser S, Bleil M, Reimann G, Mertins L, Brockmeyer NH; University of Essen, Essen, Germany. Fax: 0049-201-723-5935.
Objectives: Short term treatment with liposomal doxorubicin (Dox-SL [stealth liposomal doxorubicin HCI], Sequus Pharmaceuticals Inc., Delaware, USA) in AIDS-related Kaposi s Sarcoma (KS) showed a good efficacy and low toxicity. Because of the expected relapses of all patients reaching a remission or a stable disease we
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Th.A.4078)
Ciardi M, Toma L, Borgese L, De Carlo A, Fedele CG, Vullo V, Sorice F; Dept. Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. Fax: + 39 6 4956760.
Objective: The diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) primary lymphoma is especially difficult in HIV-infected patients particularly because lymphoma and toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) may have similar computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance (MR) characteristics. We used Epstein-Barr virus-DNA (EBV-DNA) det
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:266 (abstract no. Th.A.4079)
Robles M, Villarreal C, Gomez G, Cano C, Torres R, Blanno V, Tripp F; Hospital de Infectologia C.M., La Raza, Mexico, D.F.
Introduction: The manegment of the patients with lymphoma and AIDS is difficult, mainly due to a deficient cellular immunity that characterizes these patients besides the secondary neutropenia to the exposure to chemotherapy; this increases the risk to have an opportunist infection. Objective: To analyze the relationsh
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Th.A.4080)
Asboe D, Gant V, Bingham JS, Aucken HM, Pitt TL; St Thomas Hospital, London, UK. Fax: (0171) 620 0903. E-mail: 101321.2043@compuserve.com.
Objectives: To determine whether Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory isolates from HIV-positive individuals with symptoms attributable to this organism, exhibit surface changes consistent with chronic infection (loss of O-type specific lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and sensitivity to normal human serum (NHS)), and to assess
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Th.A.4081)
Volker D, Susal C, Weimer R, Zipperle S, Kropelin M, Zimmermann R, Huth-Kuhne A, Opelz G; Department of Transplantation-Immunology, Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Fax: 06221-56-4200.
Objective: We reported previously that the sequential occurrence of lgM, lgG and gp120-immunoglobulin-complement complexes on CD4+ lymphocytes is associated with increasing numerical and functional defects of CD4+ lymphocytes in the blood. In this study we investigated whether the induction of antilymphocyte autoantibo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Th.A.4082)
Susal C, Daniel V, Lake DF, Marchalonis JJ, Kropelin M, Uhle C, Zimmermann R, Opelz G; Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg, Germany. Fax: 496221564200.
Objective: To analyze the specificity of autoantibodies directed against the Fab portion of the IgG molecule (anti-Fab) and their association with T cell dysfunction. Methods: Sera of HIV+ patients and affinity-purified anti-Fab preparations were tested in ELISA for activity against rTcR, IgG/light chains, and a comple
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Th.A.4083)
Olivieri A, Fundaro C, Martino AM, Medda E, D'Archivio M, Sorcini M, Baccarini G, Genovese O, Carta S, Segni G; Pediatric Dept., Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. Tel/Fax: 0039/6/3017026.
HIV infection is associated with B cell hyperactivity manifested by hypergammaglobulinemia and, in some istances, autoantibodies production against a wide variety of cellular elements. In our previous study an anti-thyroid autoimmune response, associated with a thyroid hypofunction, was observed in a group of HIV adult
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:267 (abstract no. Th.A.4084)
Comacchio RM, Williams WM, Morrow WJ; Department of Immunology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK. Fax: +44-171-606 0845. E-mail: r.m.comacchio@mds.qmw.ac.uk.
Objectives: To map the epitope specificities of antibodies reactive with histone H2B and determine the role of these antibodies in the immunopathogenesis of HIV infection by their reactivity with an 18kD histone-like antigen found on CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected individuals. Methods: Plasma from HIV-infected individu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Th.A.4085)
Ross EL, D'Cruz D, Stone JC, Morrow WJ; The Medical College of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK. Fax: 0171-606-0845. E-mail: e.l.ross@mds.qmw.ac.uk.
Objective: To define T cell receptor expression within the inflammatory infiltrate of epidermis and dermis of psoriasis lesions from HIV+ individuals. Methods: Blood and skin samples were obtained from HIV+ve individuals (n=5) with psoriatic lesions which had been present less than six months. T cell receptor (TCR) usa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Th.A.4086)
Raise E, Guerra L, Fasulo G, Bernardi D, Schiattone M, Gritti FM; Div. Malattie Infettive, Osp. Maria Delle Grazie, Venezia, Italy.
Objective: To evaluate the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (ACA) and investigate the presence of APS in HIV-1 pts. Methods: 12 AIDS (CDC4C1) and 5 ARC (CDC4C2) showed some clinical and laboratoristic criteria for the identification of APS; the evaluation of AP was performed by IgG-IgM Elisa, VDRL, Lupus anticoa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Th.A.4087)
Longhurst HJ, Comacchio R, Hohmann A, Morrow WJ; Department of Immunology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London. Fax: 0171-6003839. E-mail: h.longhurst@mds.qmw.ac.uk.
Objective: Thrombocytopenia is a common problem in patients infected with HIV and is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. Both decreased platelet production owing to bone marrow suppression and increased antibody-mediated consumption have been implicated. A mouse monoclonal antibody (VIC 8) which recognises
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Th.A.4088)
Anthonioz BM, Cardinalli A, Pizzimenti MC, Griemberg G; Hosp. de Clinicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax:54-1-325-5069. E-mail: antonio@aam.org.ar.
Objective: The coexistence of autoimmunity phenomena in HIV-infected patients was recognized since the discovery of the virus. It was also observed by means of indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) the interference produced by antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in detection of anti CMV antibodies (aCMVa). The aim of the investig
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:268 (abstract no. Th.B.4095)
Ostrow M, Cornelisse PG, Hogg RS, Craib KJ, Gataric N, Yip B, O'Shaughnessy MV, Montaner JS; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: 604-631-5464.
Objective: To compare the characteristics of HIV-infected individuals who do and do not use complementary therapies in addition to available HIV/AIDS-related drug treatments. Methods: Antiretroviral and selected anti-opportunistic drugs are offered free of charge and province wide to eligible HIV-infected individuals t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Th.B.4096)
Gebreselassie L; Gebreselassie L
Objective: To determine the potential of Ethiopia s medicinal plants in the fight against AIDS. Methods: Extensive literature survey were conducted to document all reported medicinal plants which have proved to indicate inhibitory activity against HIV replication in Vitro. The data were extrapolated and compared with e
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Th.B.4097)
Maurisson G, Richert A, Caprani A, Avicenne J; Association Positifs, Paris, France. Telephone/Fax: 1 -44 27 68 55.
Objective: To test the efficiency of glucoronamide on HIV/AIDS patients. Method: A clinical open trial including 23 HIV+ patients (16 stage II, 6 stage IVC1, 1 stage IVD), two only with antiretroviral therapy, was performed between 1993 and 1995. Patients took orally once daily 400 mg glucoronamide (associated with 500
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Th.B.4098)
Caprani A, Miramor B, Avicenne J, Richert A, De Lima Teixeira ER; Association "Positifs", Paris, France. Telephone/Fax: 1 - 44 27 68 55.
Objective: to test the efficiency of an herbal preparation of a mixture of 3 Brazilian plants (CHAM3) on HIV+ patients. Method: a clinical open trial including 12 Brazilian HIV+ patients (5 ARC and 7 AIDS), all with eye diseases and some of them with other pathologies (2 Kaposi, 2 tuberculosis , 1 meningitis) was pe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Th.B.4099)
Sandmann M, Bottcher J, Schmutz G, Hower M, Gehring P, Baier JE; Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. Fax: -49 234 5092334.
Objective: A multicenter study was determined to investigate whether outpatient HIV-infected patients used complementary therapies in addition to conventional therapy. Also the intention and the satisfaction for these therapies were studied. Methods: Ninety HIV-infected patients (13 women, 75 men) filled out a standard
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Th.B.4100)
Glaessel F, Wolf E, Buschmans E, Stauder G, Poppinger J, Jaegel Guedes E, Jaeger H; KIS, Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munchen, Germany. Fax: 0049-89-5328651.
Objectives: To evaluate toxicity and efficacy of hydrolytic enzymes in HIV patients with a CD4 cell count greater than or equal to250/mm3 and no previous exposure to antiretroviral drugs. Methods: The trial was a placebo controlled, randomized, double blind study with cross over design. Patients received for 4 months e
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:269 (abstract no. Th.B.4101)
Bora PC, Bokil A, Hira S, Gharpure M; MGM Medical College, Bombay, India. Fax: 91-22-2828983.
Objective: To determine efficacy of Ayurvedic formulation administered orally for 3 months to patients having confirmed HIV infection. Methods: This was a familiarisation study of efficacy conducted in 1995. 14 adults (males) with confirmed HIV infection were recruited. The protocol schedule of 6 tablets was administer
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Th.B.4102)
Hollander L, Agnoletto V, Calvi E, Bordoni B, Andolina MP, Bortolussi P; c/o Centro Studi L.I.L.A. Nazionale Ripa di Porta Ticinese, Milano, Italy.
Objectives: to determine the frequency of use of complementary therapies (CT) among PWHA in Italy . To evaluate: sources of information and access to CT, range of CT utilized, subjective evaluations of efficacy and safety results, identity of practitioners, economical and logistic problems and difficulties of relations
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Th.B.4103)
Michio T, Matusa R; Foundation for Promotion of Eastern Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 81-3-3201-5676.
Objective: To observe the effects of herbal medicines on AIDS, 40 cases of infantile AIDS have been treated with natural remedies for three and half years. The clinical findings, growth, and CD4 cell count etc are investigated. Method: Forty infantile AIDS (ages 2 to 6) were treated herbal prescriptions which are recog
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Th.B.4104)
Luo S, Fan D; Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Kunming, China. Fax: 86-871-5150227.
Of the approximately 5000 Chinese Herbs, over 700 species are frequently used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Since 1987, we have studied the Anti-HIV activities of the various solvent extracts of these herbs, and have found 90 of them (about 13 percents) showed some activities. Their names, IC50 and EC50 are sh
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Th.B.4105)
Birk TJ, MacArthur RD, McGrady A, Khuder S; Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan. Fax: 313-745-9173. E-mail: macarthur@oncgate.roc.wayne.edu.
Objective: To assess the effects of massage therapy alone, or massage therapy combined with either exercise training or stress management counseling, on immune function and quality of life in HIV-infected persons. Methods: 42 HIV-infected persons were randomized to 1 of 4 groups: a) once weekly massage therapy; b) once
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Th.B.4106)
Disla E, Rubin K, Maritato M, Cortes J, McAuliff E, Hernandez M, Cuppari G, Mullen M; Divisions of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, New York, NY. Fax: 212-995-6639. E-mail: E disla.aol.
HIV replication is believed to be promoted by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Several anti-inflammatory drugs have been proposed as potential anti-HIV agents: thalidomide, methylprednisolone. We have reported an improvement in CD4 count in HIV patients with Reiter s syndrome treated with sulfasalazine (J Rheumatol 1994;21:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:270 (abstract no. Th.B.4107)
Rourke G, Brown WC; Brown WC
Objective: To accomplish HIV Neutralization in vivo. Method: Neutralization is achieved by altering the outer protein layers of the HIV virus to prevent its attachment to receptor sites. This alteration is accomplished by using a small sized, battery powered, blood clearing instrument that contains a double pole double
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Th.B.4109)
Young MG, Sinclair TM; Immune Enhancement Project, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 252-8710. E-mail: iep@creative.net.
Increasingly Americans are seeking alternative/complimentary forms of healthcare. This trend has been especially prevalent in the HIV/AIDS community. One of the most commonly used therapies is Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), yet to date few clinical trials have been conducted on the use of TCM in the treatme
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Th.B.4111)
Lu W, Gu YH, Wang J, Xu X, Wang ZK, Shao J, Mpemba N, Mbena E; China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. Fax: 008610-4013896.
Objective: To assess efficacy of ZY-1,a Chinese medicinal herbs recipe. Methods: 52 HIV-infected patients (including 19 AC, 9 ARC, 24 AIDS). ZY-1 is a comp. Chinese herbal recipe, consisted of Astragalus membranaceus, Viola yedoensis etc, indicated for early and middle stage pts, taken 10g, 3/d. ELISA and/or WB were do
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Th.B.4112)
Simpson K, Revicki D, Nabuscsi A, Sarocco P; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. Fax: (919) 932-5377.
Objective: To compare medical care cost estimated derived from a Markov model based on CD4 count changes to prospectively collected resource costs from a trial where ritonavir is added to current antiretroviral therapy for severely ill HIV patients. Methods: Modeling of outcomes and costs of care based on CD4 count dat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Th.B.4113)
Pardo Moreno M, Pretelt V, de Arguello MI; For the AIDS Home Care Program, Forjar Foundation, Santafe de Bogota, Colombia. Fax: 5716169060.
The physical, emotional and social needs of people living with AIDS can be considered as obstacles to their autonomy. The patients and their families are frequently exposed to difficult situations to which they are not prepared to cope with. Project: An AIDS home care program was initiated, emphasizing the educa
Objectives: The project analyses structures of private practices. Basis are diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics, methods of cooperation, education and qualification, exchange of experience, care system and problems of physicians in private practice. Methods: 1) First project concentrates on HIV-education in 10 c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:271 (abstract no. Th.B.4115)
Woelken M, Poppinger J, Wolf M, Jaegel-Guedes E, Jaeger H; KIS, Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munich, Germany. Fax: +49-89-55039.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of pain therapy with an oral retarded morphine preparation. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who received oral retarded morphine therapy was performed. Patients were included if they recieved oral morphines and if pain treatment was started between 1/4/94 and 30/4/95. Res
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Th.B.4116)
Goourey S, Aguirre M, Kouame T, Togbe T, Ekrakou R; Centre D'Assistance Socio-Medicale, Abidjan, Cote D'Ivoire. Fax: (225) 41-80-83.
Objective: Determiner le cout annuel moyen de la prise en charge medicale pour une cohorte de personnes seropositives indigentes (femmes,hommes,enfants) dans une clinique charitable de SIDA type ONG. Method: Trois mille six cent soixante cinq (3665) consultations de personnes seropositives ont ete effectuees au CASM de
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Th.B.4117)
Barrio JL, Fontanet A, Orellana I, Gurgui M; Infectious Diseases Unit. Hospital Sant Pau., Barcelona, Spain.
Objective: To describe characteristics and survival of AIDS-people with advanced-terminal stage. Methods: Fifty patients were studied prospectively from 1991 to 1995. The advanced-terminal stage was established according to the Expert Working Group on Integrated Palliative Care (J. Pall At Care; 1988, 4:76-86). All pat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Th.B.4118)
Schupbach J, Flepp M, Tomasik Z, Luthy R, Boni J; Swiss National Center for Retroviruses, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Fax: +41-1-257-6965.
Objective: To assess HIV expression in the course of the infection by the concentrations of RNA and p24 in plasma. Methods: A highly sensitive antigen (Ag) detection procedure was developed, which combines heat-mediated immune complex dissociation and an Ag ELISA boosted with signal amplification (ELAST Du Pont). This
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Th.B.4119)
Msoka CA; Muhimbili School Of Nursing, Tanzania. Fax: 255-051 46163.
Objective: To find out how much the women of rural area Northern Tanzania manage to meet health requisites for AIDS patients. Methods: Questionnaires of fifteen requisites for health, knowledge and attitude towards AIDS were administered to 100 village women of rural area Northern Tanzania. This was done for a period o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Th.B.4120)
Weidle PJ, Perdue BE, Bozek PS, Wheeler DA; Dept. of Pharmacy Services, University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, MD. Fax: (410)328-8984.
Purpose: To examine the impact clinical pharmacists have on the management of HIV-infected pts in an inner-city, university-based HIV (90% African-American, 60% injection drug users, 65% men). Methods: We examined a 12 month period (7/94 - 6/95) in which 3 Pharm Ds attended a total of 110 half day clinic sessions. Inte
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:272 (abstract no. Th.B.4121)
Mshana MA, Ndyetabura EF, Swai RO, Lemunge R; National AIDS Control Programme MOH, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Issues: The expansion of antenatal clinic (ANC) services in Tanzania has not made it possible to offer syphilis screening to most of the attendees due to absence of laboratory services at the clinic sites. Project: Pilot screening for syphilis in ten antenatal clinics in Dar es Salaam and Coast regions was introduced i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Th.B.4122)
Morris BT, Jones CC, Knuckles Y, Dennison R; W.O.R.L.D.(Women Organized to Respond to Life-threatening Diseases), Oakland, CA, USA.
Incarcerated persons with HIV often have difficulty accessing HIV specific medical care. Moreover, there is a significant need for pre-release assessment of social and medical needs and coordination with HIV service organizations and medical clinics. Project: Phase I of a comprehensive HIV program in a large cou
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Th.B.4123)
Bozek PS, Perdue BE, Bar-Din M, Weidle PJ; Dept. of Pharmacy Services, University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, MD. Fax: (410)-328-8984.
Objectives: 1) To determine if there is a difference in the number of pharmaceutical treatment interventions (PTIs) required in HIV + patients (pts) and pts being treated for other illnesses on an inpatient medicine service. 2) To evaluate medication resource utilization for HIV + versus HIV - pts. Methods: 32 HIV + ca
Objectives: 1.To improve the level of health care of patients with HIV/AIDS in the Caribbean. 2. To educate medical practitioners in the presentation, appropriate investigation and management of patients presenting with HIV related symptomatology. Methods: The Caribbean Epidemilogy Centre (CAREC) appointed an Ad Hoc Co
Objectives: To analyse various nutrition habits of HIV TB patients in order to improve their care management. Methods: HIV Lung TB patients were interviewed anonymously about their food habits in the Hopital Jamot in Yaounde (from September to November 1994). This study was carried out by means of a questionnaire submi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Th.B.4129)
Victor G, Pelletier B, Gilbert L, Kravcik SO; Ottawa General Hospital, Immunodeficiency Clinic, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-737-8141.
Objective: Individuals with HIV/AIDS have received care in a variety of settings, including tertiary care centres, hospices as well as palliative care units, setting a trend as to where mortality occurred. Methods: A retrospective review of 368 clinical patients was undertaken at the Ottawa General Hospital. This insti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:273 (abstract no. Th.B.4130)
Gaskins SW, Grady JF; Castle Hill Clinic, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
Scarcity of primary health care and community services for persons with HIV infection in a predominantly rural southern state. Project: An HIV clinic utilizing both professional and community volunteers began offering evening services once every 2 weeks for a multi county region. The objectives of the clinic wer
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:274 (abstract no. Th.B.4131)
Machinjili AA; Scm Public Health Nurse Regional Health Office (S), Blantyre, Malawi.
Chronically ill people who are in communities need care but there are limited resources to give this care. Project: Home based care programmes/activities for chronically ill people have been organised or established by the communities in some parts of the country ( Malawi C. Africa) on voluntary basis. These wer
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:274 (abstract no. Th.B.4132)
Heard I, Bergeron C, Mary-Krause M, Poveda JD, Mandelbrot L, Kazatchkine MD; Hopital Broussais, Paris, France. Fax: 43 95 95 24.
Objective: To document the relationship between HPV infection and the presence of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in HIV-infected women. Methods: Investigations performed in 176 HIV-seropositive women included gynecological examination, Papanicolaou smears and genotyping of HPV by Southern hybridization and PCR
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:274 (abstract no. Th.B.4133)
Grubert TA, Lutz-Friedrich R, Dathe O, Knobbe A, Stauber M; I.Frauenklinik der LMU, Munich, Germany. Fax: +49-89-5160 4139. E-mail: Thomas.Grubert@munich.netsurf.de.
Objective: To determine the rate of abnormal cervical cytoloy and the rate of HPV infections in HIV-positive women out of an area with relatively low risk for STD s. Methods: 136 HIV-positive women were retrospectively evaluated with regard to abnormal Pap-smears and HPV-infections. Because of the lack of a definite co
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:274 (abstract no. Th.B.4134)
Gargiulo M, Liuzzi G, Sansone M, Tullio CP, Punzi R, Piccoli R, Chirianni A, Piazza M; Istituto Malattie Infettive, Napoli, Italy. Fax: 081-7063303.
Objective: to estimate the prevalence of HPV-Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and condylomata in cohort of HIV seropositive women observed from January 1993 to July 1995. Methods: Gynecological examination, colposcopy with biopsy and immunological parameters were performed on 82 women patients consecuti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:274 (abstract no. Th.B.4135)
Cabral JM, Candoso B, Magarinho R, Patacao H, Cunha A, Sarmento e Castro R, Horta A, Vasconcelos O; Maternidade Julio Dinis, Porto, Portugal. Fax: 351-2-6094418.
Objective: To evaluate frequency of cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (SIL) in HIV-infected women; To evaluate immunosupression as cofactor among others, in the development of SIL. To compare cervical smears to colposcopic evaluations, in diagnosing percursors of cervical cancer, in this population. Methods: We
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:275 (abstract no. Th.B.4136)
Lacey HB, Tilston P, Wilson G, Corbitt G, Wilkins EG, Bailey AS, Green P; Dept Genitourinary Medicine, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom. Fax: 44 617202732.
Background: HIV-positive homosexual men are at increased risk of anal carcinoma. High grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia is presumed to be the precursor to invasive disease. This study examines the prevalence of and progression to AIN over a period of time and the sensitivity of cytology as a screening tool for AIN.
Objective: To assess baseline rates of cervical dysplasia, sexual activity and contraceptive use, and other gynecologic symptoms among two well-characterized populations of HIV seropositive women. Methods: Gynecologic substudy including questionnaire and pelvic examination with pap smear offered to women enrolled to AC
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:275 (abstract no. Th.B.4138)
Biggers SD, LaGuardia KD; The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY. Fax: 212-746-8762.
Objectives: To assess the natural history of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix (LSIL) in HIV-infected women and assess whether monitoring LSIL with serial cytology is a viable alternative to current standard therapy. Methods: Retrospective chart review identified all HIV-infected women presenting
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:275 (abstract no. Th.B.4139)
Fruchter RG, Maiman M, Chapman J, Arrastia CD, Gibbon D, Matthews R, Gates EJ, Remy JC; SUNY-Health Science Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA. Fax: 718-270-4122.
Objective: To determine whether HIV infection is an independent risk factor for advanced cervical cancer. Methods: Patients with recently diagnosed invasive cervical cancer (ICC) were counselled and tested for HIV. Demographic and behavioral characteristics were obtained by interview and clinical-pathologic characteris
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:275 (abstract no. Th.B.4140)
Hughes V, Uip D, Reingold A, Hearst N; H.C.F.M. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Telephone/Fax: 011 55 11 256 8146.
Objective: As the male: female ratio of AIDS cases in Brazil (now 4:1) decreases, we can expect a parallel increase in cases of cervical neoplasia (CIN) among HIV-infected women. Cervical cancer is already the number one cause of cancer death among Brazilian women. Methods: This study included women referred to the out
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:275 (abstract no. Th.B.4141)
Goedert JJ, Cote TR, Jaffe ES, Kingma DW, Biggar RJ; National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA. Telephone 301-496-8115. Fax: 301-402-0817. E-mail: goedertj@epndce.nci.nih.gov.
Objective: Test the hypothesis that specific malignancies other than Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) are higher among persons with AIDS (PWAs) than in the general population. Methods: Population-based AIDS and cancer registries were linked for 90,202 PWAs (88% male) in the US and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Th.B.4142)
Villarreal UC, Martinez A, Robles M, Torres R, Gomez G, Cano C; Hospital de Infectologia, CMR. IMSS. Mexico.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with CIN, genital HPV and other infections in women with HIV infection. Methods: Papanicolau smear and cervico-vaginal fluid cultures were analyzed from 58 HIV + women, to CIN and HPV detection, and specific search of bacterial, mycotic and
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Th.B.4143)
Ahouanto M, Henzel D, Chambon JF, Beauplet L, Cohen S, Landman R, Edelmann F; Arcat-Sida, Paris, France.
Background: For five years now, Arcat-Sida (a French AIDS service organisation) has run a HIV treatment directory in France distributed to professionals, wider audience of no governemental organisation members and people with AIDS. This register is in book form and gives the names of the investigators, the institutions
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Th.B.4144)
Gelmon K; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 872-4596.
The safety monitoring of a clinical trial in which unexpected toxicities occurred. Project: A randomized trial was conducted to compare rifampin, ethambutol, ciprofloxacin, and clofazimine vs clarithromycin, ethambutol and rifabutin for the treatment of MAC bacteremia. One year into the study, 23 cases of uveiti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Th.B.4145)
Morin M, Munzenberger N, Souville M, Moatti JP, Gastaut JA; Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale, Aix en Provence, France. Fax: 91 37 11 75.
Objectives: 1) To investigate biases in recruitment in AIDS clinical trials; 2) To describe and explain noncompliance in AIDS clinical trials. Methods: This was a retrospective study of subjects and medical personnel involved in the DELTA trials (multinational trials of combination antiretroviral therapy) in Sainte Mar
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:276 (abstract no. Th.B.4146)
Fry J, Coakley D, Power M, Feinberg J; Glaxo Wellcome Research & Development, Beckenham, Kent, UK.
Large scale international collaborative trials involving government, industry and academic collaborators are fraught with potential problems that could lead to inefficiency or dispute. Project: ACTG 204 was a phase III, randomised, double-blind trial of valaciclovir for the prevention of CMV end-or
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Th.B.4147)
Struble KA, Toigo TA, Behrman RE, Birnkrant DB; The Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD, USA. Fax: 1-301-827-2510.
Objective: To evaluate the proportion of women enrolled in clinical trials of investigational HIV therapies and assess factors that may influence enrollment of women. Methods: Protocols were identified from a search of the AIDS Clinical Trials Information Service (ACTIS), a database that provides detailed information,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Th.B.4148)
Reichelderfer PS, Coombs RW; Division of AIDS, NIH, Rockville, MD.
Objective: To apply a multifactorial analysis of the inverse relationship between CD4+ T-cell count and virus load to assess the contribution of virologic and immunologic parameters on the pathogenesis and treatment of HIV-1 infection. Methods: A Cartesian coordinate analysis was used to assess the linear response betw
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Th.B.4149)
Arens M, Brambilla D, Bremer J, Fiscus S, Griffith B, Hodinka R, Kabat W, McGrath J, Meyer W 3d, Yen-Lieberman B, Reichelderfer P; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. Fax: (314)367-3765. E-mail: arens@a1.kids.wustl.edu.
Objective: To investigate the long-term stability of free and complexed HIV p24 antigen when processed and stored under optimal conditions. Methods: Serum was separated within 6 hr of the blood draw on day -1 and aliquoted and frozen at -70 degrees C at 8 participating AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Virology labs. O
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Th.B.4150)
Pablovich SA, Walker JY, Besch CL; Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA. Fax: (504) 584-1972. E-mail: MCI 407-3426.
Objective: To identify reasons patients refuse participation in HIV clinical trials, which may assist in the design of future studies, especially as patients live longer and have more complicated medical regimens. Methods: LACARP is one of 21 Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA) HIV tria
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Th.B.4151)
Libonatti O, Soler C, Weissenbacher M, Vercauteren G; National Reference Centre for AIDS, Dept. of Microbiology, University of Buenos Aires, School of Medicine, Paraguay, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 541 962 5404.
Objective: To determine the efficiency of simple non-ELISA assays for the detection of HIV-1 antibodies as compared to ELISAs and WB in Argentina and Mexico . To determine the reliability of WHO s alternative HIV testing strategies in those countries. Methods: Specimens were obtained from a variety of subject groups in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:277 (abstract no. Th.B.4152)
Zekeng L, Tsague JM, Afane ZE, Kaptue L; AIDS Control Program, Yaounde, Cameroon. Fax: 237 23 02 96.
Objective: To evaluate the sensivity of 5 rapid assays in detecting HIV-1 group 0 infected individuals. Methods: Sera were obtained from confirmed HIV1 group O infected individuals: confirmation was made by virus isolation and DNA sequence and/or serology (typing with HIV-1 group O V3 loop peptides or specific group 0
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Th.B.4153)
Foussadier A, Brignoli E, Garcia P, Pages J, Vernet G, Jolivet M, Colin B, Comby S; Biomerieux, France. Fax: 78 87 21 01. E-mail: Vernetg@Bmx.Dedal.Fr.Net.
Objective: To evaluate the performance of a new automated screening test for the VIDAS analyser. Two results are obtained: the first interprets the detection of p24 antigen and the second corresponds to the detection of anti-HIV1 and anti-HIV2 antibodies. Methods: 100 random negative sera and the various commercial pan
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Th.B.4154)
Basse JM, Sanjuan A, Seydoux D, Pierson A, Morat L, Prigent V; Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur, Marnes-La-Coquette, France. Fax: 33(1)47.95.61.65.
Objective: To provide an easy reliable automated processor for Western blot (NEW LAV BLOT) and supplemental immunodot assays (DECISCAN HIV Ag-Ab). Methods: Automated method was compared to manual. Sensitivity was tested using well documented HIV1 seroconversion panels and specificity was checked on normal blood donors.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Th.B.4155)
Russi J, Weissenbacher M, Vercauteren G; Virology Unit, Division de Salud, Montevideo, Uruguay. Fax: +55 21 270 2193.
Objective: To determine the ability of two oral collection devices, Omni-Sal and OraSure, to provide samples which can be used for the accurate detection of HIV antibodies. To determine the adequacy and compare the test indices of simple HIV assays (Testpack, Serodia HIV) for detecting antibodies in oral fluids. Method
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:278 (abstract no. Th.B.4156)
Beal CB, Arumainathan S, Fatimah, Babu U; Empyrean Diagnostics, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA. Fax: 415-960-0515. E-mail: ediagnod@aol.com.
Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of using Empyrean HIV-1,2 rapid ELISA as a screening test in a drug rehabilitation centre. Methods: The study was a prospective study and was conducted on 203 new detainees at the Drug Rehabilitation Centre (Pusat Serenti, Tampin). One drop of serum was used for the rapid test and
Objective: To establish the performance characteristics of an HIV-1/2 test strip, using sera from seropositive, seronegative and seroconverting individuals. Methods: Sera from 2928 individuals were analyzed using a rapid immunochromatography test designed for serum or plasma. There were 1541 HIV+ (symptomatic and asymp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Th.B.4158)
Schramm W, Burgess-Cassler A, Barriga AG, Castillo TP, Wade S; SDS, Inc., Vancouver, WA, USA. Fax: 360-254-7942. E-mail: schramm@pacifier.com.
Objective: To use a non-invasively obtained body fluid (saliva) in a self-contained test (i.e., one that does not require additional accessories or equipment), combining collection, processing, and analysis in a simplified procedure, in order to optimize performance so that the results are comparable to conventional la
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Th.B.4159)
Eskes N, Guerra MA, Piovesana MM, Nunes FE, Frerichs RR; Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: (55 11) 280 3954. E-mail: ssspier@eu.ansp.br.
Most test kits currently being used to detect HIV antibodies must be kept refrigerated, are complicated and time-consuming to perform, and designed for testing large numbers of samples in a laboratory setting. The spread of HIV, and the need for HIV diagnostics, is highest in the developing world, where unpredic
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Th.B.4160)
Wade S, Schramm W, Burgess-Cassler A, Barriga AG, Castillo TP; SDS, Inc., Vancouver, WA, USA. Fax: 360-254-7942. E-mail: salival@pacifier.com.
Objective: To establish the performance characteristics of a simplified procedure for the detection of antibodies to HIV-1/2, which requires no laboratory paraphernalia and which uses fingerprick blood rather than serum or plasma as the specimen. Methods: A device incorporating a sampling capillary and an immunochromat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Th.B.4161)
Argote E, Lopez G, Martin Z, Machado F, Pereira R; Laboratorio de Investigaciones del SIDA, Ministerio de Salud, Habana, Cuba. Fax: 537 331682. Tel: 537 064 62162.
Objective: To describe the Quality Assurance Programme applied in Cuba since 1987. Methods: This programme was organized by the AIDS Research Laboratory in its role of National Reference Center of Retroviruses, and it was improved with some recommendations given by the World Health Organization (WHO)
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Th.B.4163)
Safyannikov N, Muravnik L, Rodionov K, Bashariar A, Muravnik D; Joint Stock Enterprise "Innovations of Leningrad Institutions and Enterprises" ("ILIP"), Saint-Petersburg, Russia. Fax: (812) 234-98-59.
The laboratory diagnostics of HIV/AIDS is carried out with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The corresponding test-systems suppose that the users have sample preparing devices as well as photometric analysers for standard 96-well plates. The perspectives of hardware for HIV/AIDS diagnostics development
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:279 (abstract no. Th.B.4165)
Stoll M, Heiken H, Hundt M, Mendila M, Schedel I, Schmidt RE; Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical School Hanover, Hanover, Germany. Fax: +49 - 511-532-5324.
Aim of the study: Increased incidences of Kaposi s sarcoma, lymphoma and some other distinct malignancies in HIV infection have been described. Here the course of five cases of germinal cell tumor and its relationship to HIV infection is presented. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 1393 HIV-infected patients (pts) fol
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Th.B.4166)
Kam KM, Wong W, Cheung MM, Ho NK; Institute of Pathology, Sai Ying Pun Clinic, Hong Kong. Fax: (852) 2858-2684.
Objective: To monitor the dissemination of quinolone resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) in Hong Kong within a 18-month period. Methods: Consecutive strains of GC isolated from patients attending the government STD clinics in Hong Kong were tested for susceptibility to ofloxacin during the period July 1994
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Th.B.4167)
Otido JM, Bwayo JJ, Shayegan M; Dept. of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Objective: To compare the results obtained by culture from genital ulcers clinically labeled chancroid to that of PCR on the same. Methods: Patients with genital ulcer disease(GUD) who presented to an S.T.D. research clinic were enrolled after giving verbal consent to the researcher. Both male and female patients were
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Th.B.4168)
Faye MA, Diouf MB, Diop A, Ba DS, Woto-Gaye G, Ndiaye PD, Kuypers J, Kiviat N, Coll-Seck AM; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Dakar, Senegal. Fax: (221) 25 16 87.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of infection by HPV in seropositive women. To correlate this infection with the presence of cytologic abnormalities in these women. Methods: A case-control study was carried out in the Infectious Diseases department of Fann Hospital. All women who were 15 years old and more were e
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Th.B.4169)
Hoffman ND, Futterman D, Monte D; Adolescent AIDS Prog., Montefiore Med. Ctr., Bronx, NY, USA. Fax: 718/882-0432.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) seroprevalence among a cohort of HIV+ youth and the serologic response to vaccine. Methods: A retrospective chart review was done for all HIV+ youth enrolled in a comprehensive care program in NYC since 1987, ages 12-22 yrs, who were pre-
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Th.B.4170)
Silva MG, Cruz ML, Lopes GB, Leite CG, Menezes JA; Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55-22-5216436.
Objectives: 1)To determine the frequency of co-infection T. pallidum/HIV in patients assisted by an AIDS program in the city of Rio de Janeiro. 2)To establish early diagnosis and treatment of patients with syphilitic infection of the central nervous system. Methods: From March 1994 to December 1995, 212 HIV-positive pa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:280 (abstract no. Th.B.4172)
Janak M, Saple DG, Kurimura T; Department of Dermatology, STD and AIDS, G.T. Hospital (GMC), Bombay, India. Fax: 91-22-208 31 84.
Objective: To create an indigenous model of STDs & dermatological features of HIV infection prevalent in the country. Methods: This study was conducted in a referral clinic of a teaching hospital between April 1994 to March 1995. Twelve hundred and fifty HIV+ patients were recruited. Results: Gender ratio - 8.5:1.5
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Th.B.4174)
Traub A, Margulis SB; STD Outpatient Unity, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Fax: (051) 331.6558.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of topical dinitrochlorobenzene application in patients with early HIV disease - During two years. Methods: This study was performed in a public hospital where patients are routinely seen free of charge - Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre . Patients of both gend
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Th.B.4175)
Timerman A; Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Heliopolis, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 05511-8446928.
Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of intermittent interleukin-2 administration by subcutaneous route to HIV + patients (pts) previously submitted to at least three courses of continuous intravenous infusion (IV) therapy. Methods: Twenty six pts had been submitted since May 1994 to at least three courses o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Th.B.4177)
Piconi S, Fusi ML, Ruzzante S, Rizzardini G, Capetti A, Milazzo F, Clerici M; Ia Divisione Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Luigi Sacco, Milano, Italy. Fax: 39. 2. 3579 9452.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of pentoxifylline-based therapy on immunologic parameters (CD4 count; antigen-and mitogen-stimulated proliferation; mitogen-stimulated IFNg, IL-10, and TNFa production) and viral load in HIV-seropositive individuals. Methods: 10 HIV-seropositive, asymptomatic individuals with a CD4 cou
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Th.B.4178)
Garaci E, Milanese G, Vella S, D'Agostini C, Rocchi G; Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy. Fax: 0139-6-72596574.
Objective: The objective of the study is to verify the effect of the combination of AZT +IFNA+TAl on the recostitution of some immune functions and on the evolution toward the advanced phase of HIV infection. Methods: The study was a multicenter, randomized, open study. HIV-infected adult with CD4+ lymphocyte counts be
Objective: Curdlan sulfate (CRDS) has been reported to inhibit HIV-1 infection. We investigated the role of CRDS on the binding of HIV-1IIIB gp120 to CD4 molecules on T cell and macrophage, and the gp120-mediated TNF- alpha production. Methods: In some experiments, gp120 (recombinant) was pre-treated by CRDS and then c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:281 (abstract no. Th.B.4180)
Cima M, Catapano S; New York University, Garden City, NY, USA. Fax: 516 222 1017.
Objective: A follow up report on recent and newer observations on the beneficial effect of intensive administration of typhoid vaccine in many features of the acquired immune defficiency syndrome. Methods: Thirty two patients with AIDS not in the terminal phase of the illness were treated with repeated injections of ki
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Th.B.4181)
Pitrak DL, Mullane K, Bilek M, Skariah A, Porter L, Wong R, Namini H, Allen R, Stevens P; Univ. of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL. Fax: (312) 455-5893.
Objective: To determine the effect of filgrastim treatment on neutrophil (PMNL) function in HIV-infected patients. Methods: We treated seventy-six HIV-infected patients at different stages of disease with filgrastim 300 micrograms sc qd or qod for 8 days. Twenty-eight normal volunteers served as controls. We measured P
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Th.B.4182)
Stricker RB, Goldberg B, Mills LB, Epstein WL; California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 399-1057.
Objective: Progression of disease due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with an increase in plasma viral load, as measured by the quantitative HIV RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Viral load measurements have recently been used to monitor therapeutic manipulations in HIV-infected patients. Dinitro
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Th.B.4183)
Giedlin M, McGrath M, Gascon R, DeGroat S, Fyfe G, Kahn J; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA, USA. Fax: 510-420-1298.
Objective: To monitor the acute immunological responses of HIV-seropositive patients to subcutaneously administered Proleukin (aldesleukin) recombinant Interleukin-2 in the form of a Phase II clinical trial. Methods: The treatment regiment was either 1 MIU or 5 MIU of IL-2 tid for 5 days every eight weeks for three
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Th.B.4184)
Narbone DG, Hamon J; Hayward, CA, USA. Fax: 510-537-6514. E-mail: dgnarb@aol.com.
Dramatic increases in CD4 counts have been reported by Kovacs and Lane at NIH using continuous intravenous (CIV) 5 day infusions of IL-2 . The less problematic subcutaneous methods of administration have produced far less dramatic results. Obstacles to wider use of IV administration include safety concerns, cost
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:282 (abstract no. Th.B.4186)
Jacques de Moraes M, Bonin MB, Lima VM, Garcia MT; Division of Infectious Diseases of the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
A retrospective study was done to review the cases of sinusitis diagnosed in the patients with advanced HIV infection in our day clinic in a 6-month period. 39 patients, with one to three episodes each, could be evaluated. All of them were classified as Group IV according to the 1987 CDC guidelines. Symptoms and signs
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Th.B.4187)
Zucman D, Savey L, Cosserat J, Chapman A, Bletry O, Colau JC; Service Medecine Interne, Suresnes, France. Fax: 33 (1) 42 04 32 62.
Cesarean section has been proposed for prevention of HIV vertical transmission but efficiency and morbidity of this procedure are actually unknown. We report a case of delayed onset peritonitis after prophylactic cesarean section. Case report: A 31 years old HIV-positive woman since 1986 consulted for a 12 week
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Th.B.4188)
Sassan-Morokro M, Wiktor SZ, Abouya L, Kra B, Tossou O, Maurice C, Coulibaly D, Coulibaly IM, Greenberg AE; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Fax: (225) 24-29-69.
Objectives: To describe the patterns of eligibility and acceptance of a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in reducing mortality from non- tuberculosis opportunistic infections among HIV-infected tuberculosis (TB) patients in Abidjan,
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Th.B.4189)
Negredo E, Gurgui M, Lopez-Valeiras L, Sambeat M, Barrio J, Cotura A, Baraldes M, Ris J, Navarro F, Coll P; Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological features of MRSA infection in 10 patients with AIDS admitted in a 750-bed university hospital. Methods And Patients: From February 1991 to December 1995, 144 patients had MRSA infection and 6 were colonized. During the same period 10 patients with AIDS were infect
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:283 (abstract no. Th.B.4190)
Spence MR, Harwell TS, Jones K; MCP & Hahnemann Univ, Phila, PA, USA. Fax: 215-246-5311. E-mail: spencem@hal.hahnemann.edu.
Objectives: To describe the prevalence and epidemiologic factors associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria in HIV-infected women. Methods: 82 unselected women attending an inner-city, primary care, HIV clinic were screened for asymptomatic bacteriuria employing standard culture methods. Demographic information was colle
Objectives: To determine the antimicrobial spectrum and blood level of PS-15. Methods: PS-15, a new antifolate antimalarial oxybiguanide derivative (Canfield et al, Am J Trop Med Hyg 49, 121-6, 1993) has demonstrated promising activity in vitro and in vivo against a variety of opportunistic organisms including P. carin
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Th.B.4192)
Neves CM, Stadnik CB, Narvaez G, Sandri AM; Members of the Sao Lucas Hospital Infectology Service, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Objective: To describe the Bartonella-Associated infections in a HIV-infected patient who developed skin and brain lesions and call attention to this disease that can be fatal in these patients, yet is readily treatable with inexpensive antibiotics. Methods: An 45 old white man was hospitalized to investigate his first
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Th.B.4193)
Salomao MR, Pinheiro SR, Freitas NA, Tupinambas U, Orefice F; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Fax: 55-31-227.2288.
Patients presenting with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in developing countries often do not have access to adequate treatment for the ocular infection, resulting in avoidable loss of vision in a big proportion of them. Background: CMVR has become frequent in Brazil , turning into an addi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Th.B.4194)
Tupinambas U, Toledo AC Jr, Greco DB; School of Medicine. Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Fax: 55 31 224 8801.
Issues: Case 1. Male patient, aged 36, having his HIV infection and AIDS diagnosed in February 95, when he had P. carinii pneumonia. CD4 lymphocyte count was 4 cells/mm3 at this time. Started using AZT 600 mg/day and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole 960 mg three times a week, after a full-dose treatment of 21 days.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Th.B.4195)
Moses A, Mortimer C, Salit I, Fletcher D, Gold W, Conly J, Vellend H, Walmsley SL; The Toronto Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. Fax: (416) 595-5826.
Objective: To assess the time to progression, drug tolerance, long term visual acuity and survival of patients (pts) receiving systemic and local therapy for CMV retinitis in a tertiary care clinical practice. Methods: A retrospective review (1992-95) of clinical, laboratory and ophthalmological records of AIDS pts wit
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:284 (abstract no. Th.B.4196)
Jacomet C, Maslo C, Aissa N, Lebrette MG, Nicolas JC, Rozenbaum W; Mal. Inf. et Tropicales, Hop. Rothschild, Paris, France. Fax: 40193040.
Objective: To determine tolerance, compliance and efficacy of oral ganciclovir (GCV) as primary prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus disease, and to assess emergence of GCV resistance. Methods: All patients initiating oral GCV were recruited in this observational study. Viral isolation and sensitivity tests were performed be
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Th.B.4197)
Bouchet E, Rabian C, Memain N, Ngo N, Viard JP, Rouzioux C; Clinical Immunology Department, Hopital Necker, Paris, France. Fax: (1) 44 49 54 20.
Objective: To determine cytomegalovirus antigenemia ( CMV Ag) predictive value for CMV disease in a cohort of HIV-positive patients. Methods: One hundred and fourty six HIV-positive patients were included in this retrospective study as soon as they had at least one CMV Ag determination during their follow-up since 1/19
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Th.B.4198)
Malfitano A, Parisi A, Calderon W, Sacchi P, Bruno R, Patruno SF, Achilli G, Filice G; Divisione Malattie Infettive e Tropicali Irccs Policinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combined treatment with Ganciclovir (DHPG) and intravenous human cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin (HCMV-lg) in disseminated HCMV infection AIDS - associated. Methods: Twenty-eight AIDS patients with diagnosis of active HCMV infection (viraemia greater than 5/200.000
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Th.B.4199)
Chirianni A, Liuzzi G, Ambrosio G, Tullio Cataldo P, Creti A, Masucci A, Sangiovanni V, Piazza M; IOspedale "D. Cotugno", Napoli, Italy. Fax: 0039 08 7063303.
Objective: To evaluate the incidence, evolution and complications of CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS. Methods: We retrospectively studied a cohort of 352 AIDS patients (316 males, 36 females) observed from December 1984 to December 1995. 228 patients were intravenous drug addicts, 52 homo-bisexual men, 41 heterosex
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Th.B.4200)
Sprenger HG, Law G, Pastoor G, Postma S, Schirm J, Weits J, The TH; University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands. Fax: +31 50 3613312.
Objective: VACV can achieve serum levels 3-5 times that of oral acyclovir (ACV) with levels exceeding the IC50 for many CMV strains. With the CMVAg assay we have the possibility for a semiquantitative way of expressing the CMV load in the blood. We tried to asses the number of CMVAg positve cells during
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:285 (abstract no. Th.B.4201)
Reeves DV, Laine L, Rodrigue D, Wilcox CM, Foxx-Orenstein A, Rabeneck L, Cello J, Greenberg P, Kessler H, Brown M, Lake-Bakaar G, Klimas N, Poles M, Dieterich D; Dieterich D
Objectives: This randomized trial examined the efficacy of foscarnet (FOS) maintenance versus observation in preventing relapse of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) gastrointestinal (GI) disease. Methods: All patients had biopsy and endoscopy proven CMV GI disease. They had creatinine clearance of greater than 50 ml/min and were
Objective: To identify factors associated with the development of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV-R), to assist in identifying subgroups appropriate for CMV prophylaxis treatment and/or clinical trials. Methods: A group of 786 HIV-1 infected men whose CD4 count fell below 100 cells/mm3 prior to January 1, 1993 were foll
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Th.B.4203)
Bianchi M, Negroni R, Robles AM, Arechavala AI; Muniz Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 54-1-962-5404.
Blood cultures are a very important diagnosis tool for systemic mycoses associated with AIDS. We were able to prove that a lysis- centrifugation method using saponin, determined better results than the classic blood cultures in broth. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of this lysis-centrifugation method
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Th.B.4204)
Galhardo MC, Lazera M, Veloso VG, Rolla VC, Friedman RK, Cuzzi-Maia T, Wanke B; Hospital Evandro Chagas/IOC/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55 21 590 9988.
Introduction: The prevalence of cryptococcosis in the general population in Brazil is unknown. Data from the National AIDS program shows a frequency of 4.3% in AIDS patients at the time of AIDS case reporting to the Ministry of Health. Objective: To determine the frequency of cryptococcosis in a cohort of HIV-infected
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Th.B.4205)
Bonfanti P, Capetti A, De Micheli A, Milella AM, Rizzardini G; I Divisione Malattie Infettive, Ospedale "L.Sacco" (1st Department of Infectious Diseases, "Luigi Sacco" Hospital), Milano, Italy. Fax: 39-2-35799452.
Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of rHuGM-CSF in HIV + patients (pts) with resistant candida infections. Methods: Since May 1995 all pts with oral or/and oesophageal candidiasis resistant to treatment with systemic imidazoles observed in our Departments have been enrolled in the study. Main inclusion cri
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Th.B.4206)
Celebie AS, Hristic I, Arsic V, Kojieic J, Milobratovic D; University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Objective: To describe the importance of capsule and melanin production in Cryptococcus neoformans (CN) strains isolated from AIDS patients with cryptococceal meningoencephalitis. Methods: Twenty eight isolates of CN obtained from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AIDS patients were tested both in vivo and in vitro. For in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:286 (abstract no. Th.B.4207)
McCreary CE, Bennett D, Sullivan D, Mulcahy F, Coleman D; University of Dublin, School of Dental Science, Trinity College, Dublin, Republic of Ireland. Fax: IAC+ 353 1 6711255.
Objective: To investigate oral Candida population dynamics in a group of AIDS patients with a history of recurrent oral candidiasis following azole antifungal drug therapy. Methods: Sixteen adult AIDS patients with a history of recurrent oral candidiasis, including 12 intravenous drug users (8 male and 4 female) and 4
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Th.B.4208)
Quist R, Lawrence R, Antoniskis D, Riley K; Department of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.
Infection with Mucor in the non-IVDA AIDS population is exceedingly rare and is considered rapidly fatal. To date, no known cases of isolated hepatic infection with Mucor in AIDS have been reported. We present a 38 yo WM non-IVDA with AIDS who c/o four weeks of progressive RUQ abd pain, nitely fever, and 15 lb wt loss.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Th.B.4209)
Coletti C Jr, Wanke B, Abreu TF, Nogueira SA; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (HU-CFF), H. Evandro Chagas (IOC-FIOCRUZ), H. Hemofilicos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55 21 285 4784.
Objective: To describe the clinical features of AIDS-associated Histoplasmosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Methods: A retrospective study of medical records of 70 patients with AIDS (anti-HIV antibody positive) and with the demonstration of Histoplasma capsulatum in culture, direct microscopy of bone marrow or histopat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Th.B.4210)
Chariyalertsak S, Sirisanthana T, Supparatpinyo K, Praparattanapan J, Nelson K; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Fax: 66(053)217144.
Objective: To determine the environmental exposures and risk factors associated with disseminated P. marneffei infections in HIV-infected patients in Northern Thailand . Methods: A case-control study was done among 80 incident cases of disseminated P. marneffei infection in AIDS patients and 160 controls, i.e. AIDS pat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Th.B.4211)
Sprinz E, Barcellos S, Bem David D, Mallman R, Schestatsky G, Kronfeld M; Hospital de Clinicas Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Fax:(55)51-330-1618.
Objective: Evaluate the use of roxithromycin (ROX) in AIDS-related Cryptosporidium (CRY) diarrhea. Methods: Patients with AIDS and diarrhea longer than 4 weeks due to CRY, were consecutively enrolled at Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, a national AIDS reference center in Brazil . ROX treatment consisted in 300 mg
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Th.B.4212)
Franzen C, Kuppers R, Muller A, Hartmann P, Salzberger B, Vetten B, Diehl V, Fatkenheuer G; Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Cologne, Koln, Germany. Fax: 0049-(0)221-478-6456. E-mail: ail05@rs1.rrz.uni-koeln.de.
Objective: Microsporidia are primitive eukaryotic, obligate intracellular, protozoan parasites. They have been found to infect members of almost every major animal group, including primates. Microsporidia of five genera (Enterocytozoon, Encephalitozoon, Septata, Nosema, and Pleistophora) are known to infect humans. Mor
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:287 (abstract no. Th.B.4213)
Feregrino GM, Higuera RF, Rossignol JF, Cavier R, Villarreal C, Padierna OJ, Hidalgo H; Clinica ISI de Norteamerica y Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. Fax: (525) 527 32 33.
Objective: Clinical trial merciful comparative in patients with advance AIDS, with waste syndrome severe secondary to diarrhea hypersecretory for cryptosporidiosis .html cryptosporidium infection. To evaluate the doses and duration of the nitozoxanida and relapses of the disease. Methods: To include 15 adults patients
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Th.B.4214)
Gorgolas M, Bello E, Blanco A, Renedo G, Fernandez Guerrero ML; Division de E. Infecciosas, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain.
Objective: To report three AIDS cases with invasive infection of the gastro-intestinal tract by Leishmania donovani and to review its actual significance in endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis. Methods: The clinical, analytical, parasitologic and pathologic data of three AIDS patients attended in our hospital with
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Th.B.4215)
Fareed G, Scolaro M, Jordan W, Sanders N, Chesson C, Slattery M, Long D, Castro C; AIDS Research Alliance, West Hollywood, CA, USA. Fax: 310-358-2431.
A high-dose garlic concentrate ( Allicin, 30mg) used in hospitals in China to treat refractory diarrhea was mixed and diluted in 90cc distilled water using a disposable container for administration twice daily in 20 patients with Cryptosporidium parvum positive in baseline stool samples and clinically significant diarr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Th.B.4216)
LeBlanc SJ, Sabados R, Norbone D; Stanford ACTG Community Advisory Board and ACT UP/Golden Gate, San Francisco, CA.
Issues: Cryptosporidium is a water-borne and sexually transmitted intestinal parasite that can cause severe and life-threatening diarrhea in people with AIDS. It is impervious to chlorination and is found in low levels in many public drinking water supplies. While national experts have concluded that water-borne
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Th.B.4217)
Macias J, Pineda JA, Gallardo JA, Leal M, Regordan C, Relimpio F, Delgado J, Sanchez-Quijano A, Lissen E; Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain. Fax: 3454248249.
Introduction: VL could be a more frequent disease than suspected in HIV-1 infected patients in our area, because there are subclinical cases. The risk factors for this disease are not well known. Objective: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of VL/HIV coinfection in Spain . Methods: One hundred and eighty-two HI
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Th.B.4218)
Castro C, Sauer C, Gomes I, Penteado S, Lima J, Almeida E, Oliveira A, Silva E; M. Gatti Hosp. Campinas, S.P., Brazil.
Objective: The co-infection HIV-Chagas has been observed through all American territory:from the Southern of the USA until South of Argentina and Chile .The central nervous sistem(CNS) infection has been the most grave and lethal. Methods And Results: A.M.,male,age 33,having conscience of HIV infection since Feb/94,has
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:288 (abstract no. Th.B.4220)
Ribeiro AC, Melo AZ, Quaresma MJ; Servico de Doencas Infecciosas, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal.
Visceral Leishmaniasis-VL (L. donovani/L. infantum) occuring in HIV + patients has been described in increasing numbers. In contrast Cutaneous Leishmaniasis-CL (L. tropica/L. major/L. aethiopica) is seldom reported. The authors present a case of a 48 years old caucasian male, living in Africa, in rural areas, for the l
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Th.B.4221)
Ohsuka S, Niimi N, Masuda K, Ito M, Usami T, Ueda M; Nagoya Univ. Sch. of Med., Nagoya, Japan. Fax: +81 52 731 9479.
Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of two types of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) in Japanese HIV seropositive hemophiliacs. Methods: We performed PCR to detect type A and B EBV-DNA in saliva using different sets of specific primers on HIV seropositive Japanes
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Th.B.4222)
Gathe J Jr, Stool E, Niel S, Garland J, Agbara E, Lopez J; Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, TX. Fax: (713)526-0614.
Objectives: To describe the clinical manifestations of adenoviral pulmonary infection in patients with AIDS. Method: Retrospective chart review of patients with pulmonary adenoviral isolates who were followed prospectively by the authors. Results: In 1995, 15 AIDS patients presenting with pneumonia underwent diagnostic
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Th.B.4223)
Bossolasco S, Racca S, Marenzi R, Moro M, Ceserani N, Vago L, Cinque P; Division Of Inf. Diseases, S Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. Fax: 39-2-26437989.
Objective: To identify varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation in the nervous system of HIV-infected patients, and to describe the associated neurological syndromes. Methods: A nested polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR) for the detection of VZV DNA was applied on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from 550
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Th.B.4224)
Grulich A, Wan X, Bullard S, Finlayson R, Garsia R, Gold J, Lewis C, Milliken S, Cooper D, Kaldor J; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia. Fax: 612 332 1837. E-mail: agrulich@nchecr.unsw.edu.au.
Objectives: To describe clinical features, risk factors, and survival in a population-based series of people with AIDS-related lymphoma in NSW, Australia . Methods: Cases of AIDS-related lymphoma occurring in 1985-1994 in Sydney were identified from hospital and clinic records. Clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic dat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Th.B.4225)
Smith GH, MacLeod JD, Routy JP; Immunodeficiency Program, Montreal Chest Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514 843-2092.
Objective: To describe the clinical and pathological features of a rare case of Primary Brain T-Cell lymphoma (PBTL) in an HIV-infected individual. Method: Case report and review of the literature. Results: A 53 y.o. HIV-positive male with a history of oral candidiasis and a CD4 cell count of 110/
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:289 (abstract no. Th.B.4226)
Cuzin L, Bonnet E, Massip P, Marchou B, Auvergnat JC; CISIH de Midi-Pyrenees, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France. Fax: (33) 61 77 21 38.
Objective: to determine whether the use of antiviral drugs in people with AIDS could influence further lymphomas development. Subjects and method: retrospective matched case - control study. The cases had been treated for lymphoma in our hospital, and were matched with controls regarding to age and CD4 cell count at ti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Th.B.4227)
Gerard L, Oksenhendler E, Lepage E, Gisselbrecht C; Hopital Bichat-Cl. Bernard, Paris, France. Fax: 33-1-44-85-30-11.
Objective: Long-term follow-up of patients (pts) with HIV-related non Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL), treated with intensive chemotherapy, according to the presence or not of adverse prognostic factors. Patients: 141 HIV-infected pts with NHL were enrolled in a prospective study, between 5/88 and 3/91. Only pts with primary
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Th.B.4228)
Hazard S, Bissuel F, Henry-Feugeas MC, Leport C, Schouman-Claeys E, Vilde JL; Infectious and Tropical Unit (Pr Vilde), CHU Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France. Fax: 33-1-40-25-88-60.
Objective: To determine the characteristics of clinical and radiological presentation of primary cerebral non-Hodgkin lymphoma (PCNHL) in HIV-infected patients (pts). Methods: A retrospective study of all cases of AIDS-related PCNHL hospitalized in our Department of Infectious Diseases between January 1988 and April 19
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Th.B.4229)
Luzzati R, Merighi M, Soldani F, Nicolato A, Ferrari S, Concia E; Divisione Clinicizzata di Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Civile Maggiore, Verona, Italy. Fax: 0039-45-8340223.
Objective: The response of primary brain lymphoma (PBL) to conventional radiotherapy is inconstant in AIDS patients and their survival is generally poor. The aim of this observational study was to assess efficacy and safety of highly focused stereotactic radiosurgery (GK) versus whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Th.B.4230)
Stracca-Pansa V, Pasquinucci S, Donisi PM, Capitanio G, Menegon A, Belussi F, Cavinato F, Bernardi D, Raise E; Ospedale Di S.Maria Delle Grazie, Divisione Di Malattie Infettive, Venezia, Italia. Fax: 041-5236765.
We report 2 cases of lymphomas, occurred in 2 male-homosexual AIDS patients, with a peculiar spreading of the neoplastic cells into the alveolar septa. Clinic: The patients were admitted respectively for Atypical Mycobacteriosis (patient A) and for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ( PCP ) (patient B). No signs or sympt
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:290 (abstract no. Th.B.4231)
Yamane T, Honda G, Herndier B; Department of Pathology, Kure National Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan. Fax: 0823-21-0478.
Objective: The histology of lymph nodes change during the course of HIV disease. Specifically, there is the immune response to the virus, breakdown of the follicular dendritic network and finally, lymphoid depletion. This pattern is not universal and may be overlayed with dysfunctional immune states such as angioimmuno
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Th.B.4232)
Rubio R, Rubio M, Grauss F, Moreno S, Ribera JM, Pintado V, Barros C, Aguirrebengoa K, Gonzalez J, Valencia L, Miro JM, Pulido F, Miralles P, Gil A, Bascunana A, Diez-Mediavilla J; Ctr. de Andalucia, Madrid, Spain. Fax: +34-1-4-60-38-08.
Objective: To determine clinical characteristics, response to treatment and survival of PCNSL in AIDS. Methods: Follow-up study of 81 adults patients with PCNSL and AIDS diagnosed at 11 hospitals in Spain between 1985 and 1995. Kaplan-Meier was used for survival estimations and long-rank for comparison. Results: Sevent
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Th.B.4233)
Bundow DB, Aboulafia DM; Virginia Mason Med. Ctr., Seattle, WA, USA. Fax: 206-223-6914.
Background: Clinicians evaluating AIDS patients with fevers, night sweats, dyspnea and pulmonary infiltrates often place Pneumocystis carinii at the top of their differential diagnosis. Less commonly, Pneumocystis can disseminate to other organs including the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, and skin. When this
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Th.B.4234)
Sawyer GS, Hines M, Font R, Frazier R, Gustafson P; Park Plaza Hospital, Houston, TX. Fax: (713)526-4883.
Objective: To demonstrate that intraocular inflammation in a patient with inactive CMV retinitis needs a thorough evaluation for other ocular disease, such as toxoplomosis and lymphoma . Methods: K.D. is an 37 year old AIDS patient with less than 50 CD4 cells. He developed CMV retinitis of the left eye in 12/93, which
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Th.B.4235)
Serraino D, Pezzotti P, Cozzi Lepri A, Rezza G; Epidemiology Unit, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy. Fax: +39.434.659222. E-mail: bidolie@icil64.cilea.it.
Objective: To assess the incidence of Hodgkin s disease (HD) and other cancers in individuals with HIV infection, and to compare such rates with those registered in the general population. Methods: 1,382 individuals (971 males and 411 females, 20 to 49 years of age) at risk for HIV infection and AIDS (of them, 714 were
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:291 (abstract no. Th.B.4236)
Sandri S, Vaccher E, Spina M, Errante D, Tavio M, Nasti G, Simonelli C, Di Gennaro G, Boccalon M, Tirelli U; Division of Medical Oncology and AIDS, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy. Fax: 434/659531.
Objective: To assess the role of HIV-related and classical prognostic factors (i.e., age, performance status [PS], stage, extranodal involvement and serum lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] level) included in the International index for diffuse large cell NHL of the general population, in HIV-related NHL. Methods: Ninety-six
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Th.B.4237)
Silveira S, Vannucchi H, Jordao A Jr, Figueiredo JF; Hospital das Clinicas, Depto. Clinica Medica, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. Fax: 55-16-6331144.
Objective: To investigate 24-hour urine excretion and determine serum retinol levels in HIV-1- infected individuals and patients with AIDS. Methods: Retinol levels were determined in 24-hour urine and in a serum sample obtained at the same time using HPLC with 10% methanol, 20% dychloromethane and 70% acetonitrile mobi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Th.B.4238)
Figueiredo JF, Silveira S, Galvao LC, Unamuno MR, Rodrigues ML, Nascimento MM, Rommao E, Vannucchi H; Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. Fax: 55-16-6331144. E-mail: jfcfigue@usp.br.
Objective: To evaluate the nutritional and vitamin A status of HIV-1-infected individuals and patients with AIDS. Methods: Nutritional evaluation was carried out by determining anthropometric data (weight, tricipital skinfold -TSF, body mass index - BMI, arm fat index - AFI and arm muscle circumference - AMC) and by bi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Th.B.4239)
Peabody D, Burdge DR; BC Women & Family HIV Centre (Oak Tree Clinic), Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 875-3063.
Rapid wasting is common in AIDS as a result of inadequate intake, abnormal metabolism of substrate, increased requirements, and/or increased nutrient losses. The degree of wasting may influence the risk of mortality. Patients experiencing persistent weight loss in conjunction with MAC are difficult to tre
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Th.B.4240)
Craib KJ, Denotter DM, Hogg RS, Cornelisse PG, Strathdee SA, Le R, Montaner JS, O'Shaughnessy MV, Schechter MT; BC Center for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Objective: To conduct a cross-sectional comparison of HIV+ and HIV- men with respect to intake of various dietary macro- and micro-nutrients. Methods: Eligible subjects for this study included HIV+ and HIV- men enrolled in the Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study (VLAS) who completed a self-administered 24-hour dietary
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:292 (abstract no. Th.B.4241)
Meyer P, Lecacheleux MD, Vasconcellos C, Gomez S; Vaincre le SIDA (VLS), Paris, France. Fax: +33-1-42-77-66-37.
To cope with the situation of HIV-positive patients on very low income, with reduced autonomy and weight-loss. Activists had claimed that no such service was provided on a adequate basis in Paris. Project: The project provides HIV+ with meals prepared in a centralised kitchen and delivered to their home by a ref
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Th.B.4242)
Giacomet V, Ruga E, Rampon O, Cozzani S, Ciccone O, Orzali A; Dipartimento di Pediatria, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. Fax: + 39.49.8753865. E-mail: carlog@child.pedi.unipd.it.
Malnutrition is one of main manifestation of pediatric AIDS and more than 50% of children may present failure to thrive (FTT). An effective management of such conditions is needed and may reduce progression of the disease and mortality. Objective: to describe the risk and the benefit of the use of a central venous cath
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Th.B.4243)
Zambelli A, Comi D, Meraviglia P, Martini F, Cargnel A; II Divisione Malattie Infettive, Ospedale L. Sacco, Milano, Italy. Fax: 0039 2 38200909.
Objective: Weight loss and protein-energetic malnutrition (PEM) are chief clinical manifestations of AIDS and may early appear during HIV infection. The aim of the study was to verify if an hypercaloric [40Kcal/kg of usual weight (U.W.)] and hyperproteic (2g/kg U.W.) diet could improve some nutritional indexes in compa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Th.B.4244)
Veccia S, Ancarani F, Schimizzi A, Giacometti A, Scalise G; Clinica Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Umberto I, Ancona, Italy. Fax: 00 39/71/5963468.
Introduction: Evaluation of antiretroviral therapy efficacy by virologic and immunologic parameters is already assessed. It is also important to evaluate the impact of therapy on the quality of life. Nutritional status, together with metabolic parameters, is an index of quality of life and, beside, plays an important r
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Th.B.4245)
Kosok A, Young C, Kleintop M, Muurahainen N, Lehmann R, Turner J; Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. E-mail: ana@cucrd0.med.columbia.com.
Objectives: To determine the incidence of supplemental nutritional interventions given to outpatients with HIV disease (Pts.). Methods: Earlier work (Kosok, et al., Int. Conf. AIDS PoB 3699, 1992), retrospectively reviewing 231 HIV Pts. charts from 4/86-7/91 revealed 49% of Pts. received supplemental nutritional interv
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Th.B.4246)
Banks L, Muurahainen N, Simons G, Young C, Kosok A, Turner J, Kotler DP; Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Objective: to determine whether phase angle (PA) and nutritional parameters (based on weight, body cell mass, or body fat content) are associated with physical functioning (PF) in adult outpatients with HIV/AIDS (Pts.). Depletion of body cell mass (BCM) and PA, two parameters derived from bioelectrical impedance analys
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:293 (abstract no. Th.B.4247)
Larson TA, Scott BJ, Brunner RL, Navarro S; Department of Pediatrics, Reno, NV, USA. Fax: 702-784-4828. E-mail: tal@unr.med.edu.
Objective: To identify markers of wasting early in HIV disease through intensive nutritional evaluation of patients in an ambulatory community based HIV care clinic in a prospective and longitudinal study. Methods: Subjects included 35 (29 male [83%]; 6 female [17%]) relatively healthy HIV-infected adults (mean age=39.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Th.B.4248)
Scott BJ, Schnaible R, Larson TA, Navarro S, Brunner RL, St Jeor ST; Univ. of Nevada, School of Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics & Nutrition Education and Research Program, Reno, NV, USA. Fax: 702-784-4828. E-mail: scottbj@unr.edu.
Objective: To examine the utility of a simplified method of reviewing food records in the evaluation of the dietary intake of HIV-infected persons in an ambulatory community based clinic. Methods: Subjects were 23 relatively healthy HIV-infected men (mean age=40.7 plus or minus 11.25 years.). Dietary information was ob
Objective: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition (stunted and underweight) among children with AIDS or HIV infection. Methods: The percent of standard height-for-age and the percent ideal body weight (IBW) was calculated for 156 HIV-exposed children born in a developed country with adequate food supplies. They ra
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Th.B.4250)
Vannucchi H, Figueiredo JF, Jordao A Jr, Silveira S; Hosp. das Clinicas, Depto. Clinica Medica, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. Fax: 55-16-6331144.
Objective: To evaluate serum levels and 24-hour urinary excretion of vitamin E in HIV-1-infected individuals and in patients with AIDS. Methods: Vitamin levels in 24-hour during and in serum samples obtained at the same time were determined by HPLC in 19 patients with AIDS, in 8 HIV-1-infected persons free of disease a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Th.B.4251)
Muurahainen N, Kotler DP, Tram H, Allen L, Banks L, Kosok A, Young C, Tedaldi E, Turner J; Graduate and Temple Hosp, Philadelphia FIGHT, Philadelphia, PA.
Objective: to determine if body cell mass (BCM) is decreased in the presence of a normal body mass index (BMI) in female HIV+outpatients (Pts), as in male HIV + Pts (Ott, AJCN: 15:17, 1993; Muurahainen, ASPEN, 1996). Methods: Body composition was assessed in 38 female Pts, measuring BMI (kg/m2), BCM (kg/m), and body fa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Th.B.4252)
Tierney AR, Fogelman L, Kotler DP; St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hosp. Ctr., New York, NY.
Objective: To compare the effects of TPN and SED upon body weight, body composition, quality of life, and survival in AIDS patients with malabsorption. Methods: Twenty three AIDS patients (12 TPN, 11 SED) with malabsorption due to cryptosporidiosis , microsporidiosis or unknown cause, we
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:294 (abstract no. Th.B.4254)
Miguez-Burbano MJ, Shor-Posner G, Velandia M, Baum MK; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. Fax: 305-243-4687. E-mail: mmiguez@mednet.med.miami.edu.
Objective: As nutritional status may be an important cofactor in determining the course of HIV-1 disease progression, patterns of dietary intake were evaluated in HIV-1 seropositive men and women. Methods: HIV-1 infected men (n=24) and women (n=6), recruited from the Apoyemonos Foundation were administered a dietary qu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Th.B.4255)
Rahimi-Moghaddam P, Jurardo A, Jurado M, Bar-Jurado S, Shuaib A, Richardson JS; Department of Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK. Fax: (306)966-6220. E-mail: RAHIMI@SASK.USASK.CA.
Preamble: Although HIV-1/AIDS associated CMC may feature deregulation of cytokine levels, glutamate, calcium and toxic effects by HIV-1 itself or its proteins, some similarities with the Alzheimer s type dementia have also been described. We analyzed 241 HIV-1 gp120 V3 region sequences associated and non-associated wit
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Th.B.4256)
Petit N, Heuberger L, Drogoul MP, Gastaut JA; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Sce Pr. J.A. Gastaut, Marseille, France. Fax: 91 22 32 34.
Objective: To determine the usefulness and the inocuity of brain biopsies (BB) in HIV-infected patients. Methods: A retrospective study of 23 patients who underwent BB between 1992 and 1995 was made. Results: Of the 23 BB performed, 21/23 (91.3 %) were contributive to the diagnosis and 2/23 (8.6 %) were not. 14/23 pati
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Th.B.4257)
Arendt G, Roick H, Jager Y, Giesen HJ; Dept. of Neurology, Dusseldorf, F.R.G. Fax: 49.211.81.18469. E-Mail: arendt@neurologie.uni-duesseldorf.de.
There is some evidence that HIV-1-positive women are progressing faster to AIDS than males regardless of the risk group to which they belong. Project: In a 2-year follow-up study, 34 women and 34 men - not differing in age, duration of HIV-1-positivity, risk group and CDC-stage distribution and T-helper cell cou
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Th.B.4258)
Bauer G, Schwalenberg C, Brandes J; HIV Clinical Center, Berlin, FRG. Fax: +49-30-455095-25.
Objective: Polyneuropathy (PNP) is a common complication mostly in advanced HIV-disease. Pains in feet and legs and sensomotoric disturbance impair quality of life more and more. In severe cases a wheel chair is necessary. Reduced movement leads to muscular atrophy, which worsens mobility. Although origin of PNP is yet
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Th.B.4259)
Grassi MP, Perin C, Clerici F, Borella M, D'Arminio A, Zocchetti C, Moroni M, Mangoni A; Department of Neurology, L.Sacco Hospital, Milano, Italy. Fax: 02/38200259.
Objective: To verify the suitability of HIVDA, a new rating scale for dementia assessment in seropositive patients. Methods: Pilot study. From 1.3 to 30.12.95, HIV + patients in all stages of the illness were enrolled satisfying the following inclusion criteria: no previous neurological or psychiatric diseases, no acut
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:295 (abstract no. Th.B.4260)
Melo AZ, Ribeiro A, Aleixo MJ, Quaresma MJ; Servico de Doencas Infecciosas, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal.
It is widely known at present the higher frequency of syphilis in AIDS patients, as well as a more rapid progression to late stages, namely neurosyphilis. At the same time the establishment of diagnosis is difficult, being the serologic tests of no definite credit. Most of the times the evaluation of therapy response i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Th.B.4261)
Teira R, Uriarte E, Munoz J, Baraia-Etxaburu J, Zubero Z, Santamaria JM; Hospital de Basurto, Bilbao, Spain.
Objective: To further characterize prognostic issues related to the AIDS- dementia complex. Methods: The survival status of all patients admitted to our unit of infectious diseases from January 1990 to December 1993, was traced by chart review or direct contact, and compared with that of a control group selected from t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Th.B.4262)
Patey O, Lacheheb A, Dellion S, Zanditenas D, Simon O; Chi - Maladies Infectieuses, St Georges, France. Fax: 33 1 43 86 22 98.
Aseptic meningitis is a very rare drug reaction involving non steroidal agents, antibiotics and miscellaneous drugs. It affects especially women (95%) with underlying medical illness (Sjogren s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed connective tissue disease). We report the second case in an HIV-infected patient
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Th.B.4263)
Crowley B, Bergin C, Merry C, Knowles W, Mulcahy F, Keane C; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) is now seen with increasing frequency in AIDS patients. Unequivocal diagnosis requires brain biopsy but the application of PCR to detect JC viral DNA may provide an alternative means of diagnosis. Objectives: (a) To review the clinical, radiological and histological feat
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Th.B.4264)
Mora CA, Altieri R, Davaro M, Miglioranza C, Laurido M, Ezcurra C, Stecher D, Lasala MB; Division of Infectious Disease, J. M. San Martin Hospital, School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the epidemilogic, clinical and laboratory characteristics and the outcome of the intestinal parasitosis in a cohort of HIV patients(P). Method: Clinical records were retrospectively analyzed. The rate of positive stool samples (PS) and the incidence of each paras
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:296 (abstract no. Th.B.4265)
Carnauba MC, Carnauba D Jr, Gama JA; Gama JA
The infection by Strongyloides stercoralis in immunodepressed patients can assume a role of extreme gravity, because of the fast maturation and tissual invasion of the larvae, however, the cases of disseminated strongyloidiasis in HIV s patients have been little described in the literature. The objective of this report
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Th.B.4266)
Schmidt W, Schneider T, Weinke T, Heise W, Zeitz M, Riecken EO, Ullrich R; Universitatsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Fax: 49 30 8445 4251. E-mail: wschmidt@zedat.fu-berlin.de.
Objective: To determine the influence of microsporidia on mucosal architecture and brush border enzymes in duodenal biopsies of AIDS patients. Methods: Duodenal biopsies were obtained by endoscopy from 64 male AIDS patients at CDC stage C3. By electron microscopy Enterocytozoon bieneusi was found in 16 patients. Patien
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Th.B.4267)
Trevino S, Nieto-Cisneros L, Luna-Castanos G, Molano-Gomez A; Sandoz de Mexico, SA, Mexico.
Nausea and vomiting (NV) are frequent symptoms present in the AIDS patient, affecting their quality of life, nutritional status, medication intake and producing other complications which worsen their sickness prognosis. Thirty-three were studied to evaluate Tropisetron s efficacy and tolerability in NV associated with
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Th.B.4268)
Hood SV, Wilson G, McVey R, Curry A, Summerton C, Mandal BK; North Manchester General Hospital (NMGH), Manchester, U.K. Fax: 00 44 161 720 2562.
We report the clinical, endoscopic, histopathological and electron microscopic findings in HIV-positive patients with symptoms of gastrointestinal disease over a 2 year period. A total of 114 biopsies by light microscopy and 43 by electron microscopy are reviewed, a high percentage (62.2%) showing defined abnormality.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:297 (abstract no. Th.B.4269)
Boyle BA, Basuk P, Gilbert H, Baumann B, Emancipator K, Grendell J; New York Hospital, New York City, NY. Fax: 212-746-8415. E-mail: b1724@Chelsea.ios.com.
Objective: A prospective study to determine the prevalence, etiology and clinical significance of hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia in asymptomatic, HIV-infected patients. Method: One hundred and fifty-five (155) HIV-infected patients were randomly selected. An extensive entry interview and questionnaire were complete
Objective: Assess the magnitude of hepatic failure as cause of death in a high risk cohort. Methods: In 1984 we enrolled 1043 injection drug users from 10 drug treatment programs in 6 cities in a prospective study. Mortality data is derived from death certificates, medical examiner autopsy reports, medical records, cli
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Th.B.4271)
Steuerwald MH, Scott MK, Garcia-Shelton YL, Keiserman M, Cello JP, Koch J; San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA. Fax: (415) 641-0745. E-mail: hannes@itsa.ucsf.edu.
Objective: To determine the impact of pancreatic enzyme supplementation on steatorrhea in patients with chronic HIV-associated diarrhea. Methods: Nineteen patients with chronic diarrhea (duration greater than 3 months) and no identifiable pathogen on stool culture, examination for ova and parasites or on endoscopic duo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Th.B.4272)
Church DL, Gill MJ, May G, Guenter CD; Foothill Clinic, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Objective: To longitudinally follow the recovery of HIV-1 from peripheral blood lymphocytes and gut tissue biopsies from a cohort of gay men. Methods: As part of a prospective study of HIV enteropathy and wasting being done in a cohort of 33 HIV-seropositive gay men, sequential blood samples (L) were taken every 4 mont
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Th.B.4273)
Fletcher SM, Langlais J, Turner H, Tsoukas C, Tsinalis P; Immune Deficiency Treatment Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-037-1424.
Objective: HIV disease is associated with a high incidence of oral disease which can be severe, rapidly progressive and recurrent and can significantly affect quality of life. Despite universal precautions many dentists are reluctant to treat HIV+ patients. This study was conducted to determine oral fitness in those wh
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Th.B.4274)
Nichols CM, Flaitz CM, Hicks MJ; Bering Dental Clinic, Houston, TX. Fax: 713-524-7995.
Objective: To evaluate podophyllin resin (PR) treatment on oral hairy leukoplakia (HLP) in HIV-seropositive individuals with respect to degree of resolution, number of treatments required, recurrence rate and interval, and refractory lesions. Methods: Fifty-two HIV-seropositive individuals (51M:1F; 34W, 13H, 5B; mean a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:298 (abstract no. Th.B.4275)
Chrysomali E, Dekker N, Greenspan D, Greenspan JS, Regezi JA; UCSF Dept. of Stomatology, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415 476.4204. E-mail: evachr@itsa.ucsf.edu.
Objective: The antiapoptotic ability of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) may result in inhibition of apoptosis in hairy leukoplakia (HL). In this study the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was evaluated in HL and in normal epithelium. Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens were selected from the oral path
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Th.B.4276)
Ramos-Gomez FJ, Petru A, Hilton JF, Canchola AJ, Wara D, Dorenbaum A, Greenspan JS; Children's Hospital Oakland and University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415 476-0409.
Objectives: (1) To determine the type and frequency of orofacial manifestations in HIV perinatally infected children. (2) To describe the incidence and prognostic implications of these orofacial manifestations (3) To examine caries rates, periodontal status and eruption patterns among these immunocompromised children.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Th.B.4277)
Silva A Jr, Ferreira S, Pereira MR; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro and Universidade Gama Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Fax: (5521) 2634572.
Objective: Verify the oral ulcers etiologies and the frequency regarding to sex, age and distribution on oral mucosa. Verify how long the ulcers were present on the oral mucosa and CDC patients classification at the moment of examination. Methods: It had been accomplished a retrospective study from 70 HIV + patients ch
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Th.B.4278)
Teles GS, Souza I, Vianna R, Abreu TF, Fonseca R; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, F.O., NESC, IPPMG, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare oral manifestations, presented clinically, by children HIV-1 infected and children without immunosuppression evidence. Methods: This case-control study included, 53 children HIV-infected as the case group (CG) and 103 without immunosuppression evidence as the contr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Th.B.4280)
Zink T, Virgin G, Wolf E, Poppinger J, Jaegel-Guedes E, Jaeger H; KIS, Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munchen, Germany. Fax: 0049-89-5328651.
Objective: To assess the impact of alcohol consumption on HIV disease progression. Method: The files of 200 randomized HIV+ patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 subgroups (no/low/high level of alcohol consumption) according to alcohol consumption habits reported by the patients. At t
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Th.B.4281)
Grant A, Djomand G, Sylla-Koko F, Bonnard D, Kadio A, Maurice C, Whitaker JP, Wiktor SZ, Hayes RJ, De Cock KM, Greenberg AE; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Fax: (225) 24-29-69.
Objective: To describe the spectrum of disease and risk factors for death among HIV-infected patients admitted to an infectious diseases unit in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire . Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a systematic sample of 250 patients was recruited at the point of admission. A questionnaire and physical examina
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:299 (abstract no. Th.B.4282)
Ditangco RA, Aplasca MR, Monzon OT; DOH Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Alabang, Muntinlupa City, Philippines. Fax: (632) 842-22-45. E-mail: raditangco@healthnet.phl.org.
Background: Reports from western countries show that opportunistic infections significantly contribute to the mortality of patients with HIV infection. In developing countries where some of these infections already exist prior to the AIDS epidemic (e.g. mycobacterial infection) due to other factors (e.g. malnutrition)
In many African countries, the availability of HIV testing is limited in clinical and community settings; diagnosis and management are often based on clinical presentation and use of the WHO clinical staging system. Objectives: Assess sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of WHO clinical staging
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:300 (abstract no. Th.B.4284)
Terunuma H, Sugiura Y, Ishikawa M, Iwasaki Y; Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. Fax: +260-1-254536. E-mail: virozam@zamnet.zm.
Objective: To evaluate the role of variation of HIV-1 V3 sequence in disease progression. Methods: Since 1983, we have followed 34 patients with hemophilia infected with HIV-1. They all became infected with HIV-1 from blood products in 1983 or 1984. We evaluated their present clinical stage, CD4 T-lymphocyte counts, vi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:300 (abstract no. Th.B.4285)
Ginaldi L, D'Ostilio A, De Martinis M, Marini L, Di Gennaro A, Profeta VF, Marani-Toro G, Quaglino D; Department of Internal Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. Fax: (39) 862 433383.
Objective: In order to better determine the significance of different biological markers of HIV infection, and to clarify which, alone or in combination, appears the best for assessing the state of the disease, its progression and prognosis and to ameliorate the therapeutic approach, data of 120 patients HIV+ have been
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:300 (abstract no. Th.B.4286)
Mejia C, Mencos N, Oliva G, Rodriguez D, Ramirez C, Cazali Y, Pezzarossi H, Villavicencio J; Asociacion Guatemalteca para la Prevencion y Control del SIDA (AGPCS), Guatemala City, Guatemala. Fax: 502-2-516531.
Objective: To determine the clinical outcome of the HIV infection in Guatemala . Methods: From 1990 - 1994 data was collected for all patients with positive HIV/AIDS diagnosis. A standardized clinical evaluation form for the first visit was utilized. All information was processed on EPI INFO version 5.1 and analyzed. R
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:300 (abstract no. Th.B.4287)
Landonio G, Caggese L, Caroli-Costantini M, Moioli MC, Nosari AM, Oreste PL, Vigo B; Divisione di Oncologia, Ospedale Niguarda Ca Granda, Milano, Italy. Fax: 0264442910.
Objective: to compare retrospectively haematologic, immunologic and clinical parameters of 15 patients splenectomized due to severe HIV-rel TP with those of 53 patients not splenectomized. Methods: 68 patients with severe HIV-rel TP (less than 30 x 10 9/1) were followed in the period 1986-1995. 53 responded to medical
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Th.B.4289)
Blanno VM, Villarreal C, Robles M, Gomez G, Torres R, Cano C; Hospital de Infectologia, La Raza, I.M.S.S, Mexico.
Objective: It shows the merit of abdominal surgery in patients with HIV/SIDA, for diagnoses and therapeutics; experience obtained; discoveries and survival. Material and Methods: Patients taked case in the course of 1984 at January 1996, registering sex, age, phase according with CDC; surgery indication (emergency or e
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Th.B.4290)
Ferre C, Podzamczer D, Miro JM, Ocana I, Iglesias MC, Ruiz I, Gudiol F; Hospital de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain. Fax: 34-3-3364115.
Objective: To evaluate the incidence of emergency laparotomy (EL), etiology and outcome in a series of AIDS pts. Methods: Clinical charts of all pts with AIDS (CDC, 1987) undergoing EL over a 5-year-period (January 1990-January 1995) were reviewed, recording details of age, sex, risk category, previous AIDS defining di
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Th.B.4291)
Pastorin J, Serrano A, Bascunana A, Giron JA, Perez E; Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain.
Objective: Analysis of indications, morbidity and mortality of AIDS patients requiring surgery. Methods: Seventy two surgical interventions requiring general anesthesia in 62 AIDS patients (mean age 32 years; male:female ratio 8:2; mean CD4/mm3 139) were studied. Main risk transmission factor was parenteral drug use (7
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Th.B.4292)
Rose DN, Estok L, Collins M, Kleban R; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Fax: (212) 831-1127. E-mail: drose@smtplink.mssm.edu.
Purpose: To conduct a literature review of complications of surgery in HIV-infected patients and to determine if the postoperative complication rate is higher in HIV-infected than -uninfected patients or in HIV-infected patients with advanced disease stage. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, AIDSLINE, conference proceedings
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Th.B.4293)
Quiros R, Belloso W, Bustos D, Marchetti M, Saporiti P, Rivadulla Y, Ascione A, Clara L; Seccion Infectologia, Laboratorio Central, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Fundacion SPES, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 54-1-805-3477.
In the search for new surrogate markers, T cell surface activation indicators such as HLA-DR had been shown to increase throughout the course of HIV infection, although its correlation with other markers is less established. Objective: Evaluate the correlation of the expression of HLA-DR in T cells with the absolute CD
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:301 (abstract no. Th.B.4294)
Viana LG, Toledo AC, Antunes CM, Greco DB; Minas Gerais AIDS Vaccine Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fax: 55-31-224-8801
Objective: To describe the laboratory test results from participants, presenting HIV infection risk behavior, in a male homo/bisexual cohort in Belo Horizonte. Methodology: An open cohort (n=500) of male homo/bisexual, age 18-59, was initiated on October/94 to estimate HIV incidence, to evaluate intervention strategies
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Th.B.4295)
Ortigao-de-Sampaio MB, Fernandes Abreu T, Monteiro-Maia R, Pinho R, Linhares-Carvalho MI, Castello-Branco LR; Dept de Imunologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55-21-280-1589.
Objective: To test the predictive value of immunecomplex-dissociated p24 antigenemia (ICD p24Ag), betamicroglobulin (beta2-M) and neopterin as markers of disease progression in HIV-1 infected children in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Methods: Fifty-three HIV-1 infected children, 43 born to HIV-1 infected mothers and 10 infe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Th.B.4296)
Anglaret X, Diagbouga S, Mortier E, Meda N, Sylla-Koko F, Laruche G, Cousens S, Ledru E, Bonard D, Dabis F, Van de Perre P; Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Fax: (226) 97 01 77.
Background: When compared with Caucasian adults, African adults have higher Total Lymphocyte Counts (TLC). This phenomenon may hamper interpretation of CD4+ T-Lymphocyte Counts (CD4+LC) obtained in HIV-infected African patients with reference to Western standards. Objective: To compare TLC, CD4+LC and CD4:CD8 ratio in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Th.B.4297)
Tsertsvadze T, Sharvadze L, Butsashvili M; AIDS & Clinical Immunology Research Center, Tbilisi, Russia. Fax: (995 32) 00 11 53.
Objective: Prospective follow-up study of CD4+CD6+, HLA-DR+ and CD8+CD38+ lymphocyte counts and evaluation of their interrelationship in the course of disease in HIV-infected patients. Methods: Four year prospective follow-up study of 17 adult patients with 2nd stage of HIV infection (by CDC) has been carried out. CD4+
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:302 (abstract no. Th.B.4298)
Matei P, Wolf E, Jaegel-Guedes E, Jaeger H; KIS, Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munich, Germany. Fax: 0049-89-5328651.
Objective: To assess the predictive value of plasma HIV-1 RNA on mortality in CDC-AIDS patients. Methods: In 130 CDC-AIDS patients with CD4+ T-cell counts below 100/mm3 HIV-1 RNA plasma levels were measured using the Quantiplex HIV-1 RNA assay, which is based on bDNA signal amplification technology (Chiron Corp., Calif
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Th.B.4299)
Lottersberger J, Tonarelli G, Salvetti J, Farroni A, Pagani D, Padro I, Taborda M, Marcipar E, Fay O; INTEBIO Dpto Quimica Organica, Fac. Bioq. Sta Fe, Lab. GenCell, Centro de Tecnologia en Salud Publica, Rosario, Argentina. Fax: 5441-370765.
Objective: To study the level of specific antibodies (SAbs) in HIV-infected patients under retroviral therapy. Material and methods: 3-10 samples from 26 patients (pts) were run during three years of follow up. The stage of evolution (WHO Criteria) was established at the last blood bleeding: 5 pts (19.2%) stage II; 9 p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Th.B.4300)
Veloso VG, Grinsztejn B, Liporage J, Sampaio E, Kaplan G; Evandro Chagas Hospital/Ioc/Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55 21 2460493.
Some of the symptoms of tuberculosis are associated with tnf alpha release which has been shown to increase in vitro HIV replication. Thalidomide previously has been shown to inhibit the tnf alpha release and to decrease in vitro HIV replication. Objectives: to evaluate the effects of thalidomide on the clinical sympto
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Th.B.4301)
Grinsztejn B, Fandinho FC, Veloso VG, Joao E, Lourenco MC, Werneck-Barroso E, Nogueira SA; Evandro Chagas Hospital/Ioc/Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
Objective: To determine the frequency of mycobacteremia in a sample of 50 AIDS patients. Methods: A prospective, multicentric study in order to determine the frequency of mycobacteremia in a sample of 50 AIDS patients was conducted in 3 infectious diseases services in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Hemocultures for mycoba
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Th.B.4302)
Veloso VG, Grinsztejn B, Joao EC, Pilotto JH, Lourenco MC, Perez MA, Nogueira SA; Evandro Chagas Hospital/IOC/Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
Objective: To study the clinical manifestations, response to treatment and survival of tuberculosis in a cohort of HIV-infected patients. Methods: Charts of 130 HIV patients with tuberculosis followed at the Evandro Chagas Hospital (HEC) from 1986 to 1994 were reviewed. Results: Tuberculosis occurred in 43,5% of AIDS p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Th.B.4303)
Loemba H, Ngouonimba J, Beuzit Y, Makuwa M; Brazzaville Central Military Hospital, Department of Medicine, Brazzaville, Congo. Fax: (514) 340-7502.
Objective: To determine the influence of the AIDS-related tuberculosis morbidity increase on the distribution and the availability of hospital beds. Methods: A retrospective study has been realized on 541 tuberculosis (TB) patients followed from January 1988 to December 1992. Almost all HIV and TB as well as all other
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:303 (abstract no. Th.B.4304)
Phillips P, Bassiri A, Singer J, B-Kwiatkowski M, Black W, Montaner J; Pacific Region, Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5527. E-mail: pphils@HIVnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To determine if survival is correlated with in vitro susceptibilities of the MAC treatment regimen. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients with DMAC diagnosed between 1989-1993 at SPH for whom in vitro susceptibilities using a radiometric broth macrodilution method were available. D
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Th.B.4305)
B-Kwiatkowski M, Bassiri A, Phillips P, Singer J, Black W, Bessuille E, Montaner J; Pacific Region, Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fax: (604) 631-5527.
Objective: To describe the clinical presentation and outcome of AIDS-related DMAC. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for SPH cases of DMAC, defined as greater than or equal to 1 positive culture of MAC from normally sterile body fluids or tissue biopsies. Cases were identified from a computer search o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Th.B.4306)
Phadtare JM, Saple DG, Banka RB; G.T. Hospital, Grant Medical College, Bombay University, Bombay, India. Fax: 91-22-4379604, 2028227.
Aims: To detect Multiple Drug Resistant tuberculosis and Mycobacteriosis in HIV Infection, compare with Non-HIV group and to evaluate response to Chemotherapy. Methods: From Jan. 94 to July 95, 160 patients selected amongst multiple relapses and treatment failure pulmonary tuberculosis were subjected to X-Ray chest spu
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Th.B.4307)
Volonterio A, Orcese C, Caggese L, Villa MR, Irato L, Schlacht I, Giannelli F; Department of Infectious Diseases, Niguarda Ca Granda Hospital, Milano, Italy. Fax: 02/6444.2681.
An outbreak of nosocomial MDR-TB in an Infectious Diseases Division of a large Hospital occurred in 1993. Transmission occurred in its first semester, but clinical cases were seen in 1993-94. No more cases were observed in 1995. Index case was a patient with low-grade fever (less than 38 degrees C) and pancreatitis adm
Objective: To evaluate epidemiological, clinical and prognostic features of MT or MOTT infections in HIVAb+ Pt. Methods: Out of 460 HIVAb+ Pt admitted to our Infective Disease Section from 1.1.91 to 31.12.95 we performed a retrospective analysis on record-cards of 23 Pt discharded with diagnosis of Mycobacterial infect
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Th.B.4309)
Mori T, Kawabe Y, Kishi F, Koga H, Saito T, Sakatani M, Shigeto E, Toyoda E, Toyoda T, Hara M, Fujita A, Fujino T, Yamagishi F, Wada M; Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 81-424-92-8258. E-mail: tmori@gan.ncc.go.jp.
Objective: To observe the situation of occurrence and related factors of cases of tuberculosis (TB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial diseases (NTM) with HIV infection in Japan . Methods: A voluntary reporting network was established by co-authors who are specialists of TB or respiratory medicine in institutions locate
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:304 (abstract no. Th.B.4310)
Silveira H, Ordway D, Ventura FA; Centro de Malaria e Outras Doencas Tropicais/IHMT, Lisboa, Portugal. Fax: 351 1 3622458. E-mail: hmscmdt@feunl.fe.unl.pt.
Objectives: To assess lymphocyte proliferation, IFN-gamma secretion and cytokine expression, specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens in patients with TB and/or HIV in comparison to healthy BCG vaccinated controls. Methods: Blood was collected in: a) HIV-infected patients; b) TB/HIV patients; c) TB patien
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Th.B.4311)
Nassar NN, Rudemaker S, Keiser P; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Objective: MAC is a common opportunistic infection in patients with advanced HIV disease. Clarithromycin has been associated with a survival benefit, but emergence of resistance was a problem when used as a single agent. Our objective was to determine if clarithromycin-containing regimens have a survival benefit in the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Th.B.4317)
Avila MM, Olivari P, Liberatore D, Gomez CM, Martinez M, Garcia L, Libonatti O, Rodriguez C, Martinez PL; National Reference Centre for AIDS, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fax: 54 1 962 5404.
Objective: To communicate two cases of children with troublesome diagnosis. Cases: Two girls born to HIV-1 infected mothers were followed-up since birth to 33 and 34 months old. Results: Blood samples were obtained periodically for clinical laboratory, immunologic and virologic studies. No symptoms related to HIV-1 inf
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Th.B.4318)
Marques HH, Valada MG, Sato HK, Rossi Jr A, Aquino MZ, Sakane PT; Depto of Pediatrics, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 55 -11 30665703.
Objective: To compare the post mortem diagnosis with the presumptive clinical diagnosis of vertically HIV-infected children from Children s Institute- Sao Paulo. Methods: Since 1985, we have followed 205 children with AIDS in our institution. Eight-three (40%) died and 60% of them were vertically infected. Twenty six (
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Th.B.4321)
Pfeiffer A, Mentzer D, Stroh S, Kynast I, Kreuz W, Neuhauser-Berthold M; Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
Introduction: In HIV-infected children deterioration of nutritional status is one of the most common complications during course of disease. Body composition and food records are reliable markers to assess and evaluate the nutritional status. Objectives: Since no representative studies of nutritional status in vertical
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:305 (abstract no. Th.B.4322)
Fortuny C, Sanchez E, Jovani L, Moliner E, Corretger JM; Integrated Pediatric Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial and Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain. Fax: 34-3-280 41 79.
Objective: To study newborn characteristics associated to HIV-1 vertical transmission. Methods: All infants born to HIV-1-infected women who delivered at Hospital Clinic i Provincial in Barcelona, from 1/1/1987 to 2/28/1993 were enrolled in the study. Clinical and laboratory follow-up was scheduled at birth and every m
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Th.B.4324)
Matala E, Venkat SR, Chappey C, Ahmad N; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Objective: Better characterization of HIV-1 isolates transmitted from mother-to-infant has important implications for the development of prevention and treatment strategies because the strategies involved should be targeted at viral isolates with the properties of the transmitted viruses. To elucidate the genetic and b
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Th.B.4325)
Plaeger S, Gallagher K, Aziz N, Neagos N, Harawa N, Dickover R, DenOuden P, Bryson YJ, Stiehm ER, Wafer D, Bertolli J; UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Fax:(310) 825-0595. E-mail: splaeger@pediatrics.medsch.ucla.edu.
Objective: To characterize lymphocyte surface phenotype and serum cytokines and immune activation molecules in neonates born to HIV-infected mothers and to correlate immunologic changes with viral load. Methods: Serial peripheral blood samples (cord blood, 2 weeks and 6 weeks) from 122 infants from HIV+ pregnancies wer
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Th.B.4326)
Bossi G, Maccabruni A, Caselli D, Arlandi L, Silini E, Mondelli MU; Dept. Pediatrics, University Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. Fax: +39-382-502.601.
Objective: to assess the rate of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) vertical transmission and to verify whether a difference does exist between Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) coinfected and HIV seronegative women. Methods: We enrolled 54 anti-HCV positive pregnant women (44 HIV coinfected) and their 64 children (evaluated bim
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:306 (abstract no. Th.B.4327)
Bravo R, Gutierrez M, Soriano V, Mellado MJ, Cilleruelo MJ, Garcia-Lerma G, Mas A, Gonzalez-Lahoz J, Fontelos P; CIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Fax: 733 6614.
Background: The diagnosis of HIV infection in children born from HIV-seropositive mothers and younger than 18 months of age is difficult given that transplacentary acquired maternal antibodies are present regardless of infection status. To date, early diagnosis has been established using isolation by viral culture and
Objective: To analyse the relationship between serum HIV RNA, SI/NSI phenotype and the development of phenotypic/genotypic antiretroviral reistance. Methods: 44 antiretrovial - naive patients with advanced HIV - infection initiating treatment with either ZDV - (18), DDI monotherapy (12) or monthly alternating ZDV/DDI (
Objective: To investigate whether the response to antiretroviral treatment in lymph node cells (LNC) parallels the response in blood. Methods: LNC were obtained by fine-needle aspiration 15 days before, and 0, 1 and 6 months after treatment initiation (blinded AZT , AZT+
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Th.B.4330)
Weverling GJ, Keet IP, de Jong MD, Veugelers PJ, Goudsmit J, Lange JM, de Wolf F; National AIDS Therapy Evaluation Center, Department of Virology, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Fax: 31-20-6918821. E-mail: g.j.weverling@amc.uva.nl.
Objective: To study the relationship between clinical outcome and serum HIV-1 RNA levels measured early after seroconversion and later during the infection. Method: A case-control study was designed among seroconverters from the Amsterdam cohort. Cases were defined as patients who died from HIV-related causes before 1
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Th.B.4331)
Brinkman K, Huysmans F, Schuurman R, Boucher C, Koopmans P; dpt-Internal Medicine, University Hospital Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Fax: NL-24-3541734.
Objective: to evaluate the influence of aggressive immunosuppressive therapy on HIV viral load Methods: after an ex-vivo kidney transplantation procedure from a not HIV-infected family related donor, the recipient turned out to be HIV-infected one year before transplantation. Next to routinely perscribed immunosuppress
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Th.B.4332)
Bush CE, Donovan RM, Markowitz NP, Sluchak-Carlsen JA, Kielar DR, Saravolatz LD; Division of Infectious Diseases, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA. Fax: 313/556-8737.
Objective: There is an urgent need to understand the effects of opportunistic disease and therapy on the plasma HIV RNA load. This study examined the changes in plasma HIV RNA during the development of CMV retinitis, foscarnet and ganciclovir therapy for CMV, and progression of CMV retinitis. Methods: Thirteen HIV-infe
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Th.B.4333)
Baehr M; Baehr M
Issues: During the past two years our understanding of how HIV and the Immune System interact has undergone a fundamental paradigm shift. Through the work of Ho, Wei, et. al., we know that system dynamics are much more complex and active than previously thought. Through the work of Nowak et. al. we know that HIV is con
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:307 (abstract no. Th.B.4334)
Pena-Cruz V, McLane MF, Wang WK, Lee TH, Mayer K, Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Fax: 617-739-8348.
Objective: To identify difference in neutralization in different primary HIV isolates from individuals with diverse clinical status. Methods: Subject homosexual and bisexual men from a cohort study in Boston were enrolled between January 1985 and June 1986. As July 1994, 3 groups were classified on the basis of their c
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Th.B.4335)
Stellbrink HJ, Zollner B, Fenner T, Lichtenberg G, van Lunzen J, Albrecht H, Thiele HG, Greten H; Universitats-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Hamburg, Germany.
Aims: To examine viral plasma RNA and CD4+-cell kinetics in different CD4+-cell ranges, using the effects of antiretroviral treatment as a model Methods: Plasma RNA load (Roche PCR), CD4+ lymphocytes, acid immune-complex dissociated (AICD) p24 antigen and beta2-microglobulin were measured in 24 HIV+ pts. with different
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Th.B.4336)
Brites C, Pedroso C, Netto EM, Badaro R; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil. Fax: (55 71) 245-7110.
Objectives: To evaluate the viral load and its relationship with other clinical and laboratorial markers of AIDS. Methods: We performed quantitative HIV cultures by the co-cultive method using end-point dilutions in 83 consecutive patients (76 male) who were attended at the AIDS clinic of Universidade Federal da Bahia
Objective: To assess the correlation between HIV plasma viral load at study entry, subject age and CD4 count in banked specimens from various clinical trials conducted at St. Paul s Hospital under the auspices of the Canadian HIV Trials Network. Methods and results: Plasma samples were obtained from patients attending
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Th.B.4338)
Funk M, Klarmann D, Mentzer D, Kurz M, J-Steiner J, Gungor T, Weber B, Cinatl J, Kreuz W; Dept of Virology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. Fax: 0049- 69 -6301-6491.
Objective: In order to describe progression of HIV-disease and to find parameters for therapy-monitoring, viral load and cytopathic effect in lymphocyte culture were estimated in different stages of perinatally infected children. Methods: Over a period of 18 months CD4 cell count, quantitative p-24 antigen - ELISA in s
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:308 (abstract no. Th.B.4339)
Wildegger A, Maier O, Foertsch M, Wolf E, Virgin G, Jaeger H; KIS, Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munchen, Germany. Fax: 0049-89-5328651.
Objective: To assess the differences of plasma HIV-1 RNA levels with respect to transportation time, storage temperature and different sampling tubes in order to find out whether the standard way of transportation using dry ice could be replaced by an easier one without loss of HIV-1 RNA stability. Methods: Whole blood
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Th.B.4340)
Liuzzi G, Chirianni A, Bagnarelli P, Clementi M, Tullio CP, Valenza A, Bonadies G, D'Abbraccio M, Piazza M; Istituto Malattie Infettive, Universita "Federico II", Napoli, Italy. Fax (39-81) 746-3071.
Objective: To quantify the HIV-1 viral load in blood, semen and saliva and to study the correlation between the HIV-1 viral load and the antiretroviral therapy. Patients and Methods: 26 samples of EDTA treated peripheral blood, semen and whole saliva were collected from 26 seropositive patients. At the time of enrollme
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Th.B.4341)
Snow W, Sharp M, Hock D, Braverman G, Thorne B, Chernoff D, Turczyn J, Abrams D; ACT UP/Golden Gate, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: 415-864-7032. E-mail: wmsnow@aol.com.
HIV RNA quantification methods became available to some in 1995 but had not yet been widely used in clinical practice, and little or no research had been done on using these assays to assess non-standard treatments in community use. This study provides bDNA assays for individuals who do not have access to the te
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Th.B.4342)
Conway B, Allen UD, Cassol S, Read S, Lapointe N, Marshall C, King SM, Forbes J, Sy T, Moore D, Gilmour J, Wells G, Bortolussi R, Tobin J; B.C. Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, B.C. CANADA. Fax: (604) 631-5527. E-mail: bconway@HIVnet.ubc.ca.
Objective: To compare genotypic with phenotypic ZDV resistance testing using a novel, rapid phenotypic assay. Methods: Within the Canadian Pediatric AIDS Research (CPAR) group, heparinized blood was obtained from HIV-infected Canadian children, as part of a cross-sectional study on zidovudine resistance. Mononuclear ce
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Th.B.4343)
Wolf E, Virgin G, Dietrich U, Immelmann A, Jaegel-Guedes E, Jaeger H, Poppinger J; KIS, Curatorium for Immunedeficiency, Munchen, Germany. Fax: 0049-89-5328651.
Rationale: The relationship between mutation at codons of the HIV genome and virulence, replication rate as well as response to anti-retrovirals has not been established fully. As viral load has become the primary efficacy parameter of therapy, the question remains when and how sensitivity testing may aid in invidualiz
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Th.B.4344)
Principi N, Marchisio P, Rossi P, Castelli GG, Tovo PA, De Martino M; Pediatric Department 4, University Of Milan, Milan, Italy. Fax: 39-2-3567346.
Objective: To determine type and prevalence of zidovudine resistance mutations in HIV isolated from children after long-term zidovudine treatment. Methods: HIV+ children with symptomatic infection who had received at least 16 weeks of zidovudine were enrolled. Children were classified according to CDC criteria, 1994. P
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:309 (abstract no. Th.B.4345)
Sugita T, Kato S, Hiraishi Y, Sugita T, Asakawa M, Hanabusa H, Takano T; Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Fax: 03-5360-1508.
Objective: To determine the frequency of drug-sensitive HIV-1 in patients receiving antiretrovirus therapy by our novel biological assay and to compare the drug sensitivity with the amino acid change in reverse transcriptase (RT). Methods: We developed a biological assay for the drug sensitivey of HIV-1, based on the p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Th.B.4346)
Yamada A, Anderson B, Kageyama S, Erickson J, Ueno T, Hayashi H, Mitsuya H; Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Hygienic and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto, Japan. Fax: 75-612-3357.
Objective: KNI-272 is a transition-state mimetic tripeptide HIV protease inhibitor containing allophenylnorstatine with a hydroxymethylcarbonyl isostere. This study was carried out to identify mutations in KNI-272 -resistant HIV-1 variants and to establish a system to detect such mutations during therapy with KNI-272.
Background: In Thailand , most of the individuals infected with HIV-1 are heterosexuals and the majority carries HIV-1 subtype E. Much has been reported of the HIV-1 AZT resistance in North America and Europe where HIV-1 subtype B predominates. However, little is known about the HIV-1 AZT resistance in
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:40 (abstract no. Th.B.4348)
Roberts NA; Roche Research Centre, Herts, UK. Fax: 44-1707-332053. E-mail: noel.roberts@roche.com.
Proteinase inhibitors are not to be regarded as a close structural family amongst which cross resistance is inevitable. The nucleoside RT inhibitors, themselves a reasonably close structural family, have shown that, while cross resistance does occur in some instances, this is far from a generality. Indeed positive adva
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Th.B.4349)
Race E, Gilbert SM, Tomlinson PW, Kaye S, Tedder R, Loveday C, Moffat A, Jupp R, Roberts NA, Duncan IB; Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, Herts, Alberta, Canada.
Invirase is the first inhibitor of HIV proteinase to be registered for the treatment of HIV infection. There is some concern that the therapeutic use of this class of drug may be hindered by the rapid emergence of reduced sensitivity. Phase I/II clinical trials of
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Th.B.4350)
Imrie A, Genn W, Beveridge A, Vizzard J, Penny R, Cooper DA; Retrovirology Research Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Leahi Hospital, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. Fax: (808) 735 7544.
We have identified a case of sexual transmission of HIV-1 highly resistant to the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor Nevirapine (NVP, BIRG0587). The index patient was enrolled in a clinical trial evaluating alternating and concurrent combination strategies with NVP and zidovudine (ZDV), commencing in Novemb
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:310 (abstract no. Th.B.4351)
Maeda Y, Kavlick MF, Ueno T, Shirasaka T, Yarchoan R, Mitsuya H; The Experimental Retrovirology Section, Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. Fax: 301-402-0709. E-mail: hmitsuya@helix.nihgov.
Objective: Emergence of a set of five mutations [A62V, V75I, F77L, F116Y, and Q151M] in the polymerase domain of reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1, which confers resistance to multiple dideoxynucleosides (ddNs) on the virus, was studied in patients receiving long-term therapy with zidovudine (
Objective: To determine if a relationship exists between plasma DHEA levels and HIV RNA plasma levels in HIV subjects with CD4 cell counts less than 300. Methods: Twenty subjects, 18 males and 2 females, with CD4 counts between 28 and 242, provided data. At study initiation, 17 subjects denied history of retroviral use
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Th.B.4353)
Allen UD, Conway B, Lapointe N, King SM, Read S, Forbes J, Moore D, Gilmour J, Wells G, Bortolussi B, Cassol S, Marshall C, Tobin J; Tobin J
Objectives: To assess the extent of zidovudine (ZDV) resistance and to determine the association between resistance and clinical, virologic and epidemiologic variables among HIV-infected Canadian children. Methods: Subjects were recruited from 7 Canadian centres affiliated with the CPARG. Collectively, these centres fo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Th.B.4354)
Loveday C; Department of Virology, London, UK. Fax: 0171 580 5896.
Genotypic and phenotypic resistance were analysed in the virology subset of 173 Delta 1 AZT-naive patients at baseline, 24, 48, 80 and 112 weeks after commencing therapy (AZT alone, AZT plus ddI or AZT plus ddC ). Using the point mutation assay (PMA) genotypic changes were investigated at
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Th.C.4360)
Kumaramangalam L; Kumaramangalam L
Objective: To contain or reduce the spread of HIV amongst the high risk population of Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) and their clients in the rural communities of Salem and Tirunelveli in Tamilnadu, South India . Methods: Multisite pre-project research was conducted to (a) study the commercial sex circuit (b) map geogra
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:311 (abstract no. Th.C.4361)
Cortese PA; Program Development and Services Branch, Division of Adolescent and School Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 770-488-5977.
An infrastructure needs to be put in place that is capable of dealing with whatever health issues/problems surface, including AIDS. Such a program will have professionally, prepared staff and the necessary resources available for addressing health problems in an effective manner, not in a crisis orientation that
Objective: The study is intended to compare opinions, needs, and practice of out-of-school and in school young people and their source of information on sexual and reproductive health issues. It is a baseline study and should form the basis of the intervention to be implemented in the programme area. Methods: For out o
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Th.C.4363)
Evans B, Nicoll A, King V; Public Health Laboratory Service, Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London, U.K.
Patterns of transmission of HIV and other STDs vary widely with time, locality, demography and behavioural risk groups. Resources to reduce or interrupt transmission of HIV are limited and therefore need to be carefully targeted. Scientific surveillance data, delivered and analyzed in a timely manner, are requir
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Th.C.4364)
Barkley TW, Miller M, Miller D; University of South Alabama, College of Nursing, Mobile, AL, USA. Fax: 334-434-3413.
Objective: To ascertain differences in acquired and retained knowledge and subsequent self-reported behaviors among two groups of multicultural parochial middle school youth after one group was exposed to a multidisciplinary HIV/AIDS prevention intervention, which included explicit information about all prevention meth
To assist community coalitions in San Jose, California, and Seattle, Washington, to replicate a successful Portland, Oregon based social marketing project that uses community mobilization, mass media, condom vending and peer skills building to promote reduction of risky sexual behavior among teenagers. Project:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Th.C.4366)
Withum DG, Petersen L, Royalty J, Janssen R; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-630-2029. E-mail: dgw2@cidHIV1.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: Epidemiologic information is a cornerstone for allocating HIV prevention services in the United States . To provide a tool for investigators to collect and interpret locally important HIV prevalence data, CDC developed protocol guidelines, forms, and software collectively identified as Rapid Assessment of P
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:312 (abstract no. Th.C.4367)
Neal JJ, Fleming PL, Mays MA, Ward JW; Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: 404-639-2029.
Objective: To characterize the diversity of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States by region and community size. Methods: Using national surveillance data, we analyzed trends in AIDS cases diagnosed among adults/adolescents from 1990 through 1994 (n=261,731) by geographic region (Northeast [NE], South [S], Midwest
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313 (abstract no. Th.C.4368)
Tice A, Burgess K, King; Infections Limited, P.S., Tacoma, WA, USA.
Early diagnosis of HIV infection is important in treating and preventing this disease. We chose to use the CD4 lymphocyte count at the time of initial recognition of HIV infection as an indicator of the delay in diagnosis. Records were reviewed of 125 patients seen by a group of 6 infectious diseases specialists in a p
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:40 (abstract no. Th.C.4369)
Kimball AM, Lafferty W, Hundt A, Gorbach P, Tyree T; University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, WA.
Objective: To determine the impact of health system reform on prevention services for HIV and sexually transmitted diseases in three states and four counties. Major health system change has occurred as a result of legislation, and/or of changes in the personal health services market through the incursion of HMO s. Meth
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313 (abstract no. Th.C.4370)
Avonts D, Van Daele M, Van der Auwera JC; AIDS Telephone of Flanders, Antwerp, Belgium. Fax: 32/3/235 62 85.
Objective: To describe the evolution of calls to the AIDS Telephone. Methods. All conversations are anonymously registered: time, duration, subject of the talk and gender. At the end the telephonist asks the permission for additional information such as age and place of calling. Over 10 years 66 638 conversations were
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313 (abstract no. Th.C.4371)
Cabeza AA, Barra S; Center for Supporting People Living with HIV/AIDS, Santiago, Chile. Fax: 56-2-633 69 66.
Training monitors to work in pairs, enhancing all prevention techniques, stressing condom use. Project: Two hundred and fifty persons (250) attended the first course; they came from most diverse base organizations (schools, neighbors organizations, health workers, teachers, etc.), and thirty (30) leaders from ne
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313 (abstract no. Th.C.4372)
Priimagi LS, Raudsepp A, Grintchak M, Pold T; Estonian Association "Anti-AIDS", Institute of Preventive Medicine, Tallinn, Estonia. Fax: 372-2-493185.
HIV Prevention in Estonia , carried out accordingly to the National AIDS Programme and recommendations of WHO. Project: It s strategy includes: 1. Issuing and distribution of IEC materials. 2. Direct work with target groups: youth (beginning from 12-15 years old), men having sex with men, military people, parent
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:313 (abstract no. Th.C.4373)
Levy A, Abelhauser A; Service de Medecine Interne, Hopital Beclere, Clamart, France. Fax: 33(1)46 31 22 77.
In France the Anonymous and Free HIV Testing Centers (AFTC) is not only to test HIV-infected patients, but also to contribute to the fight against the epidemic through information and prevention. An indepth analysis of the results of one of these centers, located in a Parisian suburb, shows that these objectives
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Th.C.4374)
Soskolne V; The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Public Health, Dept. of Social Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. Fax: 972-2-439730. E-mail: VARDA@VMS.HUJI.AC.IL.
Objectives: To assess the level of several HIV prevention indicators in order to re-evaluate HIV prevention policy in Israel , which has focused more on HIV testing and mass media campaigns as compared to targeted prevention programs. Methods: Data about HIV knowledge and sexual behavior from several studies conducted
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Th.C.4375)
Nakyanzi T, King R, Kyeyune P, Ssali A, Kikonyogo N; THETA, Kampala, Uganda.
Traditional healers (TH) in Kampala receive many clients with HIV-related conditions. Can they integrate conventional counselling for AIDS into their traditional practice? Project: 102 (TH) were contacted and 55 interviewed regarding their knowledge, beliefs and practices concerning disease in general and AIDS s
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Th.C.4376)
Allan MC, Browne JA, Hanson GR; University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. Fax: 519-258-6003. E-mail: mcallan@mail.utexas.edu.
Incidence rates of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases continue to increase in spite of provincially-mandated HIV/AIDS education programmes. Project: An evaluation was conducted in six health regions of Ontario comparing and contrasting districts with high, medium, and low incidence rates of HIV/AID
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Th.C.4377)
Vitillo R, Blum M; Catholic Charities U.S.A., Washington, D.C., USA. Fax: 549-1656.
Because of the religious debate relating to HIV prevention issues, many of the 1,400 U.S. Catholic Charities social services agencies have been slow to integrate HIV/AIDS prevention education into their broad-based social service programs. Those agencies that do provide HIV/AIDS prevention efforts, often lack th
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Th.C.4378)
Flanigan TP, Smith D, Skowron G, Parekh B, Ing D, Di Spigno M; Brown University AIDS Program, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA. Fax: 401-331-8501.
Objective: To identify and characterize, behaviorally and immunologically, highly HIV-exposed but persistently seronegative women enrolled in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS) at one site. Methods: 115 seronegative women with a history of injection drug use or high risk sexual activity since 1985 were followed
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:314 (abstract no. Th.C.4379)
Cohen DA, Scribner RA, Farley TA, Rice J, Ward W, Kendall C; LSU Medical School, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Objective: To determine the efficacy of the first comprehensive statewide condom distribution/social marketing program in the United States . Operation Protect is a program designed to increase the physical availability of condoms in high risk communities through increased condom accessibility in public health sites (n
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Th.C.4380)
Kamb ML, Douglas JM, Rhodes F, Bolan G, Zenilman J, Iatesta M, Peterman TA, Graziano S, Killean W, Fishbein M; Project RESPECT Study Group, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404) 639-6127. E-mail: mlk5@cidHIVl.em.cdc.gov.
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of HIV counseling in increasing condom use and reducing HIV/STDs, we are conducting a randomized trial among patients at 5 STD clinics (Baltimore, Denver, Long Beach, Newark, San Francisco). Methods: HIV-negative, heterosexual participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 face-to-fa
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Th.C.4381)
Sweeney P, Fleming PL, Ward JW; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404) 639-2029. E-mail: pas3@cidHIVl.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: To describe demographics, transmission mode, and facility of diagnosis (FACDX) of persons with evidence of recently acquired HIV infection reported through routine HIV surveillance in 26 US states. Methods: We analyzed data from adults and adolescents diagnosed from 1/94 - 9/95. Persons likely to be recently
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Th.C.4382)
Gebre A, Teshome W, Lurie M, Tennagashaw M, Workneh F, Dallabetta G, Field ML; AIDSCAP/FHI, Arlington, VA, USA. Fax: 703.516.9781.
Objective: The purpose of the research was to answer key programmatic questions and describe community perceptions of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and related health-seeking behaviors in order to improve STD services, training and communications. Methods: In-depth qualitative research was conducted in 4 Ethiopi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Th.C.4383)
MacNeil J; Family Health International, AIDSCAP, Arlington, VA, USA.
Issues: Care for HIV-infected people has not been viewed historically as playing a major role in AIDS prevention. However, the rising number of HIV infections and AIDS cases in the second decade of the pandemic points to the urgent need to combine prevention with care. People with HIV must be seen as important partners
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:315 (abstract no. Th.C.4384)
Hopkins S, Thiede H, Williams M, Buskin S; Seattle-King County Dept. of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA. Fax: (206) 296-4803. E-mail: hopkiso1@health.metrokc.gov.
Implementation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention community planning process has increased the need to develop relevant, succinct data understandable to a variety of participants. For purposes of community planning of HIV prevention and services, we assessed the usefulness of the content and forma
Objectives: a. To generalise and make the information accessible among these groups. b. To intervene with information/prevention modules in specialised associations and institutions. c. To train specialized staff members. Methods: a. To evaluate the needs of blind people and people losing their sight. b. To elaborate a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Th.C.4386)
Graziano SL, Hoyt L, Iatesta M, Kent C, Lentz A, Miller K, Kamb ML, Peterman TA, Byers RH, Fishbein M; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Fax: (404) 639-6127. E-mail: syg4@cidHIV1.em.cdc.gov.
Objective: Project RESPECT is a randomized trial comparing the efficacy of 3 HIV prevention interventions to reduce STD/HIV transmission. We sought to determine whether participants in the study were similar to those who declined to participate. Methods: Clients from 5 urban STD clinics were screened for trial eligibil
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Th.C.4388)
Fernandes ME, Pimenta MC, Vieira EM, Fini IG, Kottelos K, Gitchens W; Family Health International/AIDSCAP, Brazil. Fax: 55-11-8155204.
As the AIDS epidemic evolves the implementation of effective, adequate and sustainable HIV/AIDS/STD prevention programs in developing countries requires a sophisticated capacity building plan for local organizations. Such a plan is critical to improve the organizational and technical skills that lead to increase
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Th.C.4390)
Engelbrecht CJ; South African National Defence Force, Sunnyside, South Africa. Fax: (+27)(12)3413954.
Informed consent in the Medical Service of the SANDF, an opportunity for changing attitudes towards people with HIV. Project: The SANDF handles a large number of HIV testing procedures in the course of its daily functioning. Due to the amount of time spent on individual pre test counselling it was decided to app
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:316 (abstract no. Th.C.4391)
Gordillo V, Rebollo E, De Nicolas L; Facultad de Educacion. Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. Fax: (34-1) 445 6827.
To reduce the spreading of HIV/AIDS among Spanish women. Project: Heterosexually transmitted cases of HIV/AIDS are rising faster than other groups, and the proportion of women is greater in this category than in others. Spanish women accounts for 22.7% of total AIDS cases reported in women from Europe. On the ot
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Th.C.4393)
deLeon D, Cohen M; Latino Commission on AIDS, New York, NY. Fax: 212-675-3466. E-mail: lcoany@aol.com.
Latino Commission on AIDS and the Partnership for Community Health sponsored a focus group to better understand some of the concerns New York City Latinas not covered by statistics and the views of service providers or government agencies. Project: The seven Latinas participating in the discussion group were cli
Objectives: The major objectives of this study were a) to determine if the knowledge of men who have sex with men (MSM) and non-disclosing MSM (MSM/DI) regarding HIV transmission is higher than that of heterosexual males, b) to determine if perceived knowledge and actual knowledge were consistent within and between the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Th.C.4395)
des Santos CE, Bellucci SB, Rodrigues LG, Negrao IP; Ministerio da Saude, Brasilia, Brazil. Fax: 55-61-315.2519.
Issues: 1. Adolescents have different concerns about the dangers of HIV/AIDS. Therefore, they are at risk of infection; 2. They have difficulty in viewing risk behavior in the same adults point of view; 3. Brazil is a continental country with large cultural diversity so specific regional programs are needed around the
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Th.C.4396)
Rosa VL, Avila MT, Santos CE, Bellucci S, Rodrigues LG; Secretariat of Education of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Issues: Educators need to reflect on their own feelings about AIDS prevention, in order to develop skills that incite adolescents positive attitudes through life valorization and self-esteem increasing helping them to handle their conflicts, once the training based only on medical and scientific information is not enou
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:317 (abstract no. Th.C.4397)
Pinto JA, Campos M, Paiva V, Santos G, Greco M, Negrao I, Rodrigues LG; Pediatrics Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerias, Brazil. Fax: 55-31-22 4-8801.
Objective: In order to implement a nationwide radio IEC campaign aimed to working youth, knowledge, behavior and audience habits were assessed through a survey carried out among urban and rural populations from four different geographic regions in Brazil . Methods: A convenience sample of 1,600 youth was selected and i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Th.C.4398)
Pilotto JH, Armesto S, Menezes E, Marins E, Costa R; Hospital Geral de Nova Iguacu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fax: 55 21 767 5879. E-mail: pilotto@unisys.com.br.
Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour towards AIDS among students. To evaluate the effects of AIDS educational programmes on condom acceptance. Methods: An initial study on AIDS awareness among students of public schools of Nova Iguacu was conducted through a questionnarie. We took a random samp
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Th.C.4399)
De Menonca Neto E, Mascarenhas VL, Cardoso MR, Ferrara VI; Itapecerican Fight Movement Against AIDS MILCA, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Fax: 55-11-495.6602.
Objectives: To train multiplicators of information among the scholars adolescents from the 38 public schools of Itapecerica da Serra, Sao Paulo, using the involvent atmosphere of the circus, making possible to develop a prevention AIDS work, mobile, with a low cost. Methods: Training with participative techniques worki
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Th.C.4401)
Chevalier N, Desaulniers MP, Richard G, Morissette MR; Dep. Kinanthropologie, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Fax: (514) 987-6616. E-mail: Chevalier.nicole@uqam.ca.
Adolescents maintain non preventive behaviors. What are the trends of the program content transmitted by the school system, in Quebec? Project: The school youth education program analysed in this study ( Formation personnelle et sociale, sur le sida et les autres MTS ) is the only existing one in the Quebec seco
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Th.C.4402)
Kovacs Burns KA; AIDS Network of Edmonton Society, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Fax: 403-488-3735. E-mail: ane@freenet.edmonton.ab.ca.
Encouraging youth/young adults to change their attitudes and behaviors around HIV prevention through `Smart sex practices or choices has been an ongoing challenge. Young adults talking about who teaches sexuality, sex, and HIV prevention, why and how, have impacted HIV education resource development for this tar
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Th.C.4403)
Lagasse V, Jones B, McCall D; HIV/AIDS Prevention and Community Action Programs, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Fax: 613-941-2399.
This session will outline the experience of a major Canadian study to evaluate the impact of an AIDS/Sexuality Program for junior high school students. Project: Health Canada in collaboration with the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada, developed a 20-hour AIDS/Sexuality Program. An evaluation conducted f
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:318 (abstract no. Th.C.4404)
Czyziw E, Morisset R, Agbaba O; Direction de la Sante Publique de Laval, Laval, Quebec, Canada. Fax: 514-978-2137. E-mail: eczyziw@isdtcp3.hwc.ca.
Objectives: To determine the HIV seroprevalence rate and the seroconversion rate in a group of young adults who participated in an exchange program in 24 developing countries. Methods: From 1990 to 1995, 1949 young adults age 17 to 25, selected by stratified random sampling, did volunteer community work with a Canadian
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Th.C.4405)
Bentz L, Feroni I, Pradier C, Caratti M, Dellamonica P; CISIH, Hopital de l'Archet, Nice, France.
HIV prevention programs directed at, and involving the participation of, marginalized persons face difficulties linked to the specific characteristics of these populations. Chronic breaking-off situations (family, institutions), precarious living conditions and frequent IV drug use make these actions uncertain i
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Th.C.4406)
Manderscheid JC, Servant AM; Ministry of Work and Social Affairs, Health Department, AIDS Office, Paris, France. Fax: 1 46 62 44 00.
Health education is far more than the mere transmission of knowledge; its aim, as a means of prevention, is to help the subject to build personal skills which will lead him or her towards decision-making ability, and therefore autonomy. Project: A team of teachers conceived an educational method based on a syner
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Th.C.4407)
Servant AM, Sachs B; Ministry of Work and Social Affairs, Health Dept., AIDS Office, Paris, France. Fax: (33-1) 46.62.44.00.
The necessities of AIDS prevention intended for youth lead the health authorities and the sphere of non-profit making organizations to discourse in a way which, owing to its links with private life and with the field of philosophical and/or religious values, has to be analyzed in terms of legitimacy and contents
The FRIA prefecture is one of the principal mining regions in Guinea . It appears to be privileged judging by the number of TV stations (National, CFI, TV5,.) serving the area. From this one can assume that the people have access to information. However, the young people, through the enthusiasm they have shown f
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:319 (abstract no. Th.C.4409)
Simon T; Dept. of Social-Medicine and History of Medicine, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary. Fax: (36) 1 210 2690. E-mail: simtam@net.sote.hu.
The negative peer pressure is very effective among teenagers in the fields of smoking, drug-using, drinking and irresponsible sex. If we can turn this negative orientation of peer pressure we will be very effective in youth health promotion and in the knowledges and attitudes against HIV/AIDS. Project: To prepar
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Th.C.4410)
Meloot J, Sankaran S, Chandok K, Ganesh V; Deepam Educational Society For Health (DESH), Madras, India. Fax: 534 0288.
Objective: To study the KAP on HIV/AIDS in women s college and evaluate the impact of intervention programme. Methodology: Baseline KAP of 105 college women from 3 colleges was assessed through a self administered questionnaire focussing on information and empowerment. Highly participatory workshops, including small gr
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Th.C.4411)
Merati T, Wardhana M, Ekstrand M, Widjaya M, Pindha S, Biran SI, Suarmiartha E, Yuliana F, Mandel J; Udayana University AIDS Working Group, Bali, Indonesia. Fax: 011 62 361 235982.
Objective: To examine HIV-related risk taking behaviors, alcohol and drug use, and communication patterns among members of traditional Balinese youth groups participating in peer-led AIDS education programs. Methods: As part of a peer-led randomized AIDS prevention trial using the pre-existing structure of traditional
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Th.C.4412)
Babelyte V, Aleksejunaite G; Youth Against AIDS, Vilnius, Lithuania. Fax: 370-2-720283. E-mail: algis @lac.ktl.mii.lt.
Young people are a part of the most productive and active population. One project is working with young people from 16 to 25 years old. They live the most active sexual life and they don t avoid risk of AIDS in their sexual behaviour. Project: We organize AIDS educational movement for youth. We create organisati
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Th.C.4413)
Uwakwe CB, St Lawrence JS, Marx BP, Scott CP, Roberts A, Brasfield TL; Department of Guidance & Counseling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Introduction: Nigerian adolescents and their African-American counterparts in two US cities were compared on attitudes toward AIDS prevention, AIDS-related knowledge, and sexual behavior to assess cross-cultural similarities and differences. Method: Adolescents (N = 511) in Nigeria and the US completed self-report meas
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:320 (abstract no. Th.C.4414)
Daniel U, Efem I, Edet T, Obot E, Daniel B; Nigerian Youth AIDS Program, Calabar, Nigeria. Fax: 234-87-220143.
Objectives: The NYAP essay competition was organized to: (1) Know what strategies the students would prefer in an intervention programme, (2) provide a suitable medium for voicing opinions and (3) encourage research and contributions in newsletters and other publications. Method: Topics were pretested and the most pref
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:321 (abstract no. Th.C.4415)
Obot E, Efem I, Edet T, Daniel U, Effa E, Oku C, Williams EE; Nigerian Youth AIDS Program, Calabar, Nigeria. Fax: (234) 087-220143.
Objectives: 1.To make AIDS intervention a school concern. (2) To get the students more committed to issues concerning AIDS. (3) To raise the students interest in HIV/AIDS research. Methods: A curriculum on HIV/AIDS comprising the basic information on epidemiology, effect as well as how STDs predispose one to the infect
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:321 (abstract no. Th.C.4416)
de Castro MT; Baguio Center for Young Adults, Inc., Baguio City, Philippines. Fax: (074) 442-81913.
Involvement of Peer Facilitators as a resource in HIV/AIDS prevention program. Project: A multi-service youth center that encourages young people to be partners in HIV/AIDS prevention program. Partnership with them develops their character, confidence, capability and community awareness through capability buildi
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:321 (abstract no. Th.C.4418)
Taboada JA, Monteagudo J, Grana I, Fernandez J; Direccion Xeral Saude Publica, Conselleria de Sanidade, Galicia, Spain. Fax: 981-542-970.
To minimize high risk behavior for HIV transmission, to reduce alienation of the HIV-positive and to promote solidarity. We believe that this can be achieved effectively and efficiently through an educational intervention directed at our adolescent population. The active participation of students, parents and te
Often leaving school after grade 6, many children in northern Thailand will soon marry, migrate, and/or engage in risk behaviours. As yet there is no appropriate AIDS education for pre-schoolleavers of grades 5-6. Project: A pilot project has been conducted, aiming at 1) involving teachers in analyzing and integ
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:321 (abstract no. Th.C.4420)
Reinders JM, Vermeer VJ; Netherlands Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (NIGZ), AM Woerden, The Netherlands. Fax: + 31 348 437666.
Gender is an important aspect when designing and applying AIDS prevention interventions for hetero- and homosexual youth. Not only is gender involuntary expressed in how educators perform their intervention activities, also gender may primarily define the methods and contents of these interventions, especially w
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:321 (abstract no. Th.C.4421)
Dralobu J, Idro WJ, Haruna K, Homsy J; Moyo AIDS Control Initiative (MACI), Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-268'498 or 267'113. E-mail: msftheta@imul.com.
For the last 4 years the community of Moyo District in Northern Uganda has been sensitized and educated about HIV and AIDS through regular information sessions, seminars, workshops, group discussions, etc. As people tend to become jaded with this kind of approach, new communication channels have to be explored.
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Th.C.4422)
Mutyabule T, Kadhumbula I; Kadhumbula I
Objectives: To ascertain the level of knowledge on AIDS among male youths. Methods: A group of 36 male youths aged between 15 and 20 years engaged in bicycle transportation across a flooded section of a road at Lubiji enlisted for this study. We interviewed them in connection with their marital status, sexual experienc
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Th.C.4423)
Idro WJ, Dralobu J, Haruna K, Homsy J; Moyo AIDS Control Initiative (MACI), Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 256-41-268'498 or 267'113. E-mail: msfch@imul.com.
Objective: To identify and use an effective approach to reach and create awareness among the youth in Moyo district, Northern Uganda . Background: Drama is a traditional form of entertainment in Moyo liked by the youth. Drama traditionally plays an important role in love and sex education, but this tradition is slowly
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Th.C.4424)
Arkangel A, Idro WJ, Homsy J; Moyo AIDS Control Initiative (MACI), Moyo District, Kampala, Uganda. Tel/Fax: 256-41-268'498 or 267'113. E-mail: msfch@imul.com.
Objective: To assess if teachers who have attended participatory AIDS workshops talk about AIDS in the classroom and if condom issues are discussed as an STD/AIDS preventive option with school children in the Sudanese Refugee camps and settlements of Eastern Moyo District, Northern Uganda . Methods Between January a
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Th.C.4425)
Lokol OW, Immaculate A, Waniaye JB, Nakato L; FPAU/MSG Reproductive Health Project, Kampala, Uganda.
Of the 19 deaths/year at Makerere University, 83% are AIDS related. Why are students particularly vulnerable? Who can effectively address their issues and break-through their barriers to change? Project: The Family Planning Association of Uganda , FPAU, with Makerere Students Guild (MSG) started on a reproducti
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Th.C.4426)
Batusa RJ; The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO), Kampala, Uganda. Fax: 251982. E-mail: taso@mukla.gn.apc.org.
The youth in general are quite vulnerable to AIDS/STD s, but do not have adequate information for prevention. Project: An AIDS/STD youth programme involving teachers, parents and the mass media. These people talk straight with the youth about the dangers of AIDS/STD and prevention. Strategies include one-to-one
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:322 (abstract no. Th.C.4427)
Davis P, Denman S; Nottingham Community Health (NHS) Trust, Nottingham, England. Fax: 0115 942 8606.
Objective: To determine the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and training needs of secondary school governors in relation to HIV and AIDS Education. Method: A self completed confidential questionnaire was sent to 50% random sample (n=627) of school governors in all state maintained secondary schools (71) in Nottinghamshir
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Th.C.4428)
Miller ME, Miller D, Barkley T; Department of Nursing, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX, USA. Fax: 512-994-2484.
Issues: Effective HIV/AIDS prevention education is needed to empower youth to implement and maintain behaviors which prevent HIV transmission. Prevention information is often difficult to provide due to parental concerns, fears of educators and administrators, and a lack of standardized educational materials. Project:
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Th.C.4429)
Sy FS, Lacson R, Theocharis T, Osteria T, Jimenez P, Vincent M, Strack R; University of South Carolina School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, USA. Fax: (803) 777-8004. E-mail: fsy@sophe.sph.sc.edu.
Objective: To determine the correlates of sexual abstinence among urban university students in the Philippines . Methods: A total of 1355 university students completed a self-administered questionnaire in two urban universities in Manila, Philippines. The Adolescent Curriculum Evaluation/AIDS Attitude Scale was used to
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Th.C.4430)
Morris RE, Dixon D, Wilson K, Baker C, Huscroft S; University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Fax: (213) 227-4841.
Objective: Delinquent adolescents are known to engage in HIV risk behaviors. Education devised for this group fails to change behavior despite the fact that the majority of these youth believe they are at risk for HIV infection and are willing to participate in educational programs during incarceration. Methods: A comm
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Th.C.4431)
Heft L, Faigeles B, Hall TL; San Francisco AIDS Foundation, San Francisco, CA, USA. Fax: (415) 487-8089. E-mail: lily@slip.net.
Issues: Good parent-child communication on sensitive topics such as sex and HIV could greatly enhance the value of prevention messages to youth; yet teens have substantial difficulty talking with adults about such issues. Project: To test the use of an HIV-awareness drama presented to both parents and students as a met
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Th.C.4433)
Ralston A, Buckle K, Engle H, Grossman A, Holland B, Newman M; Marin AIDS Interfaith Youth Response to AIDS (MIYRA), San Rafael, CA. E-mail: ralston@crl.com.
A youth response to AIDS/HIV. Project: A small (8 member) group of suburban teens wanted to make a significant contribution to the local AIDS effort. A coalition with two other youth groups was formed to organize a youth-directed AIDS Dance in conjunction with World AIDS Day 1995. The objectives were to raise bo
Int Conf AIDS 1996 Jul 7-12; 11:323 (abstract no. Th.C.4434)
Goodjoin RB, Johnson MP, Mastoris AT, English A, Goldberg AM; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA. Fax: (410) 550-6952.
Objective: Communication skills are necessary for adolescents to negotiate abstinence or condom use, and may promote peer norms of HIV prevention. In this program, professional basketball players use their notoriety and ability to communicate with youth to assist educators in building communication skills about HIV pre
