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4th International Workshop on HIV Drug Resistance & Treatment Strategies12-16 June 2000, Sitges, Spain |
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Session 1: New antiretrovirals Abstracts 1 thru 13, Pages 3 to 10 |
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| 1 | HEPATITIS B VIRUS DRUG RESISTANCE: LESSONS FOR HIV TREATMENT FAILURE Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):3 S Locarnini and A Bartholomeusz In addition to this mutation, changes at L426V/I, T474N (P120T in HBsAg) and W/R499Q (G145R in HBsAg) have been selected in the presence of lamivudine alone, lamivudine+HBIG and famciclovir+HBIG, respectively, which have a higher replication capacity than wild-type virus, and tend to be associated with more aggressive liver disease. The implications for these mutations and other mutations in the A and B domains, as well as the A-B interdomain detected in the clinical setting, will be developed against the present modelling status of nucleoside analogue resistance in HIV. |
| 2 | FAVOURABLE ANTIVIRAL RESISTANCE PROPERTIES OF SP1093V, AN INHIBITOR OF THE RIBONUCLEASE H ACTIVITY OF HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):3 MA Parniak, D Arion and N Sluis-Cremer All amino acid substitutions tested, other than Y501F, eliminated the ability of BBNH to inhibit RT RNase H activity. However, these same substitutions also resulted in significant decreases in the RNase H and/or DNA polymerase activity of RT. Our results suggest that the development of HIV-1 resistance to SP1093V may be significantly prolonged compared to that of the current clinically-used therapeutics, since mutation of a residue crucial for BBNH binding to the RNase H domain would likely result in significant attenuation of viral reverse transcription. |
| 3 | POTENT ALKYLGLYCEROL FOSCARNET PRODRUGS INHIBIT NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGUE-RESISTANT HIV-1 AND SELECT FOR MUTATIONS IN RT THAT REVERSE ZIDOVUDINE RESISTANCE Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):4 J Hammond1, D Koontz1, H Bazmi1, J Beadle2, S Hostetler2, G Kini2, K Aldern2, D Richman2, K Hostetler2 and J Mellors1 When introduced into a zidovudine-resistant background (67N, 70R, 215F, 219Q), the W88G, S117T and M164I mutations reversed zidovudine resistance. This reversal of zidovudine resistance is consistent with the effects of other foscarnet resistance mutations that reduce ATP-dependent removal of zidovudine monophosphate from terminated template primers. The favourable activity and resistance profiles of these PFA prodrugs warrant their further evaluation as clinical candidates. |
| 4 | ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY PROFILE OF TENOFOVIR (PMPA) AGAINST A PANEL OF NUCLEOSIDE-RESISTANT CLINICAL SAMPLES Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):4 MD Miller1, NA Margot1, K Hertogs2, B Larder3 and V Miller4 The presence of the M184V mutation increases tenofovir susceptibility in multiple HIV genotypes, resulting in wild-type susceptibility for HIV expressing the K65R RT mutation. Furthermore, tenofovir is uniquely active against multinucleosideresistant HIV expressing the Q151M complex, but shows some cross-resistance to the currently rare T69S insertions. These in vitro analyses also demonstrate the broad susceptibility and limited cross-resistance to tenofovir of HIV with common forms of zidovudine and lamivudine resistance and corroborate Phase II clinical trial results demonstrating the anti-HIV activity of tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate in heavily antiretroviral-experienced patients. |
| 5 | DAPD: A NOVEL INHIBITOR OF HIV AND HBV REPLICATION IS ACTIVE AGAINST DRUG-RESISTANT VIRUSES Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):5 PA Furman1, R Chin2, K Borroto-Esoda1, J Mewshaw1, B Dent2, A Barthalomews2 and S Locarnini2 Using a transient transfection assay, a panel of drug-resistant mutants of HBV (V519L, L526M, M550I, V553I, L526M/M550V, V519L/ L526M, and V519L/L526M/M550V) has been tested in LMH cells for the effect of DAPD on the levels of replicative intermediates from intracellular cores and/or excreted virus. None of these mutants showed any substantial cross-resistance to DAPD. Therefore, DAPD shows promise as a treatment for wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 and HBV. |
| 6 | PRELIMINARY PROFILE OF THE ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY, METABOLIC EFFECTS AND SAFETY OF DMP-450, A NOVEL CYCLIC UREA PROTEASE INHIBITOR Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):6 J Sierra1, S Niño1, P Volkow2, D Sereni3, P Yeni4, S Staszewski5, J Gatell6, L Wang7, N McMillan7, F Rousseau7 and GD Miralles7 To date, DMP-450 appears to have good antiviral activity and tolerability at all doses tested. |
| 7 | THE EFFECT OF DRUG RESISTANCE MUTATIONS ON KINETICS OF HIV PROTEASE INACTIVATION BY IRREVERSIBLE INHIBITORS Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):6 S Gulnik†, M Pototschnik, T Guerassina†, M Smrcina, TN Bhat, M Eissenstat† and JW Erickson† While kinact did not change significantly, mutant-dependent increases of Ki up to 100-fold were detected, which led to corresponding increase of half-life of enzyme inactivation. Our data suggests that this type of irreversible inhibitor may have an advantage over reversible compounds in treating drug-resistant viruses only if HIV protease is required to be active over a period of at least several minutes during viral maturation. |
| 8 | BMS-232632 SENSITIVITY OF A PANEL OF HIV-1 CLINICAL ISOLATES RESISTANT TO ONE OR MORE APPROVED PROTEASE INHIBITORS Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):7 RJ Colonno1, K Hertogs2, BA Larder2, K Limoli3, G Heilek-Snyder3 and N Parkin3 BMS-232632 appears to have a favourable resistance profile, which did not parallel any of the individual protease inhibitors currently in use. Loss of sensitivity to BMS-232632 was correlated with high-level cross-resistance to three or more inhibitors. Reciprocal studies examining cross-resistance of BMS-232632 resistant isolates will need to await analysis of treatment failures from ongoing trials. |
| 9 | SHORT-TERM MONOTHERAPY OF DAPD IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):7 S Deeks1, H Kessler2, J Eron3, M Thompson4, F Raffi5 J Jacobson6, N Sista7, J Bigley7 and F Rousseau7 These results suggest a dose-dependent clinical antiviral activity of DAPD against HIV, a good short-term tolerability profile, and the absence of resistance mutations in a 15-day monotherapy study. These data warrant further clinical development of this novel molecule. |
| 10 | 4′-DEAMINATED TSAO-T: PROTOTYPE
OF A SECOND GENERATION OF TSAO NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR DERIVATIVES WITH A DIFFERENT RESISTANCE PROFILE Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):8 S Velázquez1, E Lobatón1, MJ Pérez-Pérez1, E De Clercq2, J Balzarini2 and MJ Camarasa1 We have synthesized the first TSAO molecule that lacks the amino group at the 3′-spiro moiety. This deaminated TSAO molecule showed an aberrant resistance spectrum. It kept its HIV-1 specificity (NNRTI-characteristic) but did not select for any of the classical NNRTI-specific mutations in the NNRTI binding pocket. The mutations are not yet unambiguously determined. Also, the resistant viruses that emerged with the deaminated TSAO were only resistant to this drug and not to other NNRTIs, including any other TSAOs that contain the amino group on the spiro moiety. This opens interesting perspectives for the development of novel types of TSAO molecules that may be of use in combination therapies. |
| 11 | A PILOT STUDY OF THE USE OF MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL AS A COMPONENT OF THERAPY FOR MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT HIV-1 Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):9 JJ Coull1, M Betts1, D Turner2, T Melby3, ER Lanier3 and DM Margolis1,2 The use of low dose MMF appears to be well tolerated in late stage HIV disease. MMF may have contributed to the transient antiviral effect or the modest immunological benefit observed in this cohort with advanced disease and resistant HIV. Further studies of MMF in antiretroviral therapy are indicated. |
| 12 | ACTIVITY OF SJ-3366, A NOVEL NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR OF HIV-1, IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER ANTI-HIV AGENTS AGAINST WILD-TYPE AND SJ-3366-RESISTANT VIRAL ISOLATES Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):9 S Palmer1, JD Russell1, RW Buckheit Jr1, J-W Lee2, S-H Lee2, J-W Oh2, H-S Kwon2, S-G Chung2 and E-H Cho2 Consistent synergy and/or additivity exhibited in these combinations, and the absence of antagonistic interactions, suggests that SJ-3366 may hold considerable promise in the treatment of HIV, and might be favourably considered for clinical evaluation. |
| 13 | ACTIVITY OF HYDROXYUREA ON MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT HIV-1 VARIANTS Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):10 S Paulous, E Race and F Clavel HU significantly and selectively reduces infectivity of some multidrug-resistant HIV-1 variants. This finding could constitute the basis for a rational and targeted use of this compound in antiretroviral salvage therapy. |
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Session 2: Mechanism of HIV drug resistance Abstract 14 thru 61, Pages 13 to 45 |
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| 14 | EFFECTS OF FOSCARNET RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE: SUPPRESSION OF ZIDOVUDINE RESISTANCE THROUGH REDUCED REMOVAL OF ZIDOVUDINE-MP FROM BLOCKED PRIMER/TEMPLATES Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):13 PR Meyer1, R Chopra1, E Pendarvis1, S Matsuura1, H Bazmi2, AG So1, JW Mellors2 and WA Scott1 The decrease in ATP-dependent removal of zidovudine-MP from blocked primer/ templates conferred by foscarnet resistance mutations provides a likely explanation for the resensitization of zidovudine-resistant HIV-1 to zidovudine. The association between foscarnet resistance and decreased ATP-dependent and PPi-dependent primer rescue suggests that foscarnet, ATP and PPi may share a common binding site on the enzyme. |
| 15 | EFFECTS OF M41L AND T215Y MUTATIONS IN HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE ON REMOVAL OF CHAIN-TERMINATORS FROM BLOCKED PRIMER/TEMPLATES Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):14 PR Meyer1, I Pfeifer1, S Matsuura1, H Bazmi2, AG So1, JW Mellors2 and WA Scott1 The M41L mutation had little effect on ATP-dependent removal of chain-terminators by itself, but enhanced the increased removal conferred by the T215Y mutation. The M41L/T215Y mutations conferred an increase in ATP-dependent removal of zidovudine-MP to almost the same extent as the D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q mutations. These results agree well with the relative effects that these mutations confer on HIV-1 phenotypic zidovudine resistance. Our data also suggests that the T215Y mutation, in the context of the D67N, K70R and K219Q mutations, confers a higher increase in ATP-dependent removal of zidovudine-MP than the T215F mutation. Taken together, our results indicate that increased ATP- dependent removal of zidovudine-MP from blocked DNA chains is an important mechanism of zidovudine resistance. |
| 16 | BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISM OF HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCIPTASE RESISTANCE TO STAVUDINE Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):14 J Lennerstrand1, K Hertogs2, DK Stammers3 and B Larder1 These results indicate that the 69 insertion mutations we studied could be involved in the same ATP-dependent mechanism analogous to pyrophosphorolysis as we previously reported for resistance to zidovudine-TP at the enzyme level. In contrast, the V75T mutant RT seems to be involved in decreased binding to stavudine-TP independently of added ATP. |
| 17 | UNIFYING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF RT-MEDIATED DRUG RESISTANCE: SPECIFIC TARGETTING OF DRUG-RESISTANT RT IN VITRO Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):15 B Selmi1, P Meyer3, B Schneider2, S Sarfati2, D Deville-Bonne2, C Guerreiro2, J Boretto1, J Janin3, M Véron2 and B Canard1 Our results call for an increasing effort to design pyrophosphorolysis inhibitors, as well as to vectorize nucleotide analogues into a bioavailable form. In that context, our novel analogues are excellent candidates to overcome the three limitations mentioned above, and might have a generic value in fighting viral drug resistance. |
| 18 | SENSITIVITY OF DETECTION OF MINORITY SPECIES IN A SINGLE CYCLE REPLICATION ASSAY IS INFLUENCED BY THE BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISM OF RESISTANCE: INSIGHT INTO THE MECHANISM OF NRTI-RESISTANCE AND CROSS-RESISTANCE IN PATIENT SAMPLES Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):16 MM Sartoris, W Huang, C Petropoulos and JM Whitcomb We will present data supporting a model that explains mixing patterns based on proposed mechanisms of NRTI resistance (in other words phosphorolysis versus dNTP discrimination). The model also addresses the contribution of factors that are thought to influence viral replication capacity, or fitness (for example RT processivity). The model further provides a testable hypothesis to explain NRTI cross-resistance as a measure of the ability of different clusters of mutations to remove different chain terminators, via phosphorolysis. |
| 19 | COMPARISON OF EVOLUTIONARY DISTANCES BETWEEN DNA POLYMERASE AND RNASE H DOMAINS OF HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH ZIDOVUDINE AND LAMIVUDINE Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):16 TC Stoeckli, CY Duan, D Shugarts and DR Kuritzkes Significantly higher non-synonymous evolutionary distances of the DNA polymerase domain of RT suggest higher selection pressure by treatment with nucleoside RT inhibitors on the DNA polymerase domain than on the RNase H domain of HIV-1 RT. This difference was still significant after excluding positions from the alignment at which resistance mutations occur, suggesting the selection of additional, possibly compensatory mutations in the DNA polymerase domain. |
| 20 | EVIDENCE FOR A ROLE OF THE Q151L MUTATION AND THE VIRAL BACKGROUND IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPLE DIDEOXYNUCLEOSIDE-RESISTANT HIV-1 Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):17 JG García Lerma1, PJ Gerrish2, AC Wright1, SH Qari1 and W Heneine1 HIV-1151L was found to be less fit than HIV-1151M, which may explain the preferential selection of HIV-1151M observed in vivo. The demonstrated ability of HIV-1151L/68G to replicate and the associated zidovudine resistance suggest that 151L is a potential intermediate of Q151M. The dependence of HIV-1151L on other mutations such as S68G for replication may explain the low frequency of the Q151M-mediated pathway of resistance. |
| 21 | PRESSURE TO MAINTAIN THE M184V MUTATION IN TISSUE CULTURE CAN MORE EFFICIENTLY BE EXERTED BY LAMIVUDINE AND ABACAVIR THAN BY DIDANOSINE Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):18 MA Wainberg, M Götte and M Oliveira These data suggest that didanosine may not be able to exert selective pressure to maintain the 184V substitution as adequately as other drugs that can also select for this mutation. The M184V mutation may disappear even faster in the presence of other drugs, such as zidovudine, that are able to impair replication of mutated viruses more efficiently than of wild-type viruses. |
| 22 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):18 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 23 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):19 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 24 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):20 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 25 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):20 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 26 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):21 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 27 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):22 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 28 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):22 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 29 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):23 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 30 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):23 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 31 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):25 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 32 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):25 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 33 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):26 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 34 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):27 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 35 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):27 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 36 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):28 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 37 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):29 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 38 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):29 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 39 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):30 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 40 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):31 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 41 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):31 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 42 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):32 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 43 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):33 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 44 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):33 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 45 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):34 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 46 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):35 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 47 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):35 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 48 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):36 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 49 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):37 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 50 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):37 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 51 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):38 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 52 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):38 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 53 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):39 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 54 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):40 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 55 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):41 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 56 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):42 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 57 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):42 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 58 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):44 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 59 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):44 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 60 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):45 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 61 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):45 Abstract not available at this time. |
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Session 3: New resistance technologies Abstracts 62 thru 83, Pages 49 to 63 |
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| 62 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):49 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 63 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):49 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 64 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):50 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 65 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):50 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 66 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):51 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 67 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):52 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 68 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):53 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 69 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):54 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 70 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):55 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 71 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):55 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 72 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):56 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 73 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):56 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 74 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):57 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 75 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):58 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 76 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):59 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 77 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):59 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 78 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):60 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 79 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):61 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 80 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):61 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 81 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):62 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 82 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):62 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 83 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):63 Abstract not available at this time. |
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Session 4: Drug resistance and treatment response Abstracts 84 thru 110, Pages 67 to 85 |
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| 84 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):67 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 85 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):67 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 86 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):68 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 87 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):69 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 88 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):70 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 89 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):70 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 90 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):71 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 91 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):72 |
| 92 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):73 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 93 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):73 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 94 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):74 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 95 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):75 . |
| 96 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):76 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 97 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):76 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 98 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):77 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 99 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):78 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 100 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):78 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 101 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):79 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 102 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):80 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 103 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):80 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 104 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):81 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 105 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):82 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 106 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):83 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 107 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):83 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 108 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):84 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 109 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):85 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 110 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):85 Abstract not available at this time. |
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Session 5: Genotype/phenotype relationship: modelling and algorithms Abstracts 111 thru 154c, Pages 89 to 120 |
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| 111 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):89 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 112 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):89 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 113 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):90 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 114 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):91 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 115 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):92 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 116 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):92 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 117 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):93 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 118 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):94 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 119 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):94 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 120 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):95 C Piketty1, A Trylesinski2, A Hill3, G Peytavin4, E Race4, A Si-Mohamed1, F Clavel4 and MD Kazatchkine1 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 121 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):96 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 122 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):97 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 123 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):98 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 124 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):98 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 125 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):99 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 126 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):100 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 127 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):100 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 128 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):101 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 129 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):102 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 130 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):102 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 131 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):103 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 132 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):103 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 133 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):104 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 134 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):105 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 135 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):105 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 136 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):106 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 137 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):107 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 138 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):107 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 139 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):108 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 140 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):109 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 141 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):110 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 142 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):110 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 143 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):111 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 144 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):112 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 145 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):112 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 146 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):113 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 147 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):114 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 148 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):114 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 149 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):115 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 150 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):116 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 151 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):116 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 152 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):117 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 153 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):118 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 154a | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):119 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 154b | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):119 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 154c | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):120 Abstract not available at this time. |
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Session 6: Epidemiology and transmission of drug-resistant HIV Abstracts 155 thru 187, Pages 121 to 144 |
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| 155 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):123 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 156 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):123 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 157 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):124 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 158 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):125 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 159 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):125 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 160 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):126 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 161 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):127 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 162 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):127 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 163 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):128 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 164 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):128 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 165 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):129 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 166 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):130 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 167 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):130 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 168 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):131 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 169 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):132 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 170 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):132 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 171 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):133 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 172 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):134 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 173 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):134 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 174 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):135 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 175 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):136 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 176 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):136 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 177 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):135 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 178 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):138 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 179 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):139 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 180 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):139 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 181 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):140 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 182 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):141 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 183 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):142 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 184 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):142 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 185 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):143 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 186 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):144 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 187 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):144 Abstract not available at this time. |
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Session 7: Immune reconstitution Abstracts 188 thru 197, Pages 149 to 154 |
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| 188 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):149 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 189 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):149 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 190 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):150 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 191 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):151 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 192 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):152 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 193 | Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):152 Abstract not available at this time. |
| 194 | RAPID REBOUND OF VIRAL REPLICATION, T CELL ACTIVATION, PROLIFERATION AND DYSFUNCTION AFTER DISCONTINUATION OF HAART WITH OR WITHOUT INTERLEUKIN 2 Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):153 J van Lunzen1, N Frahm1, C Hoffmann2, B Meyer1, J Lauer1, O Degen1 and HJ Stellbrink1 The rapid rebound of viral replication after discontinuation of therapy is associated with an inversion of CD4/CD8 ratio due to increased T cell turnover and activation. Functional defects reappear in parallel despite profound and sustained suppression of viral replication. Adjuvant IL-2 did not influence these parameters. |
| 195 | RECONSTITUTION OF NAÏVE T CELLS DURING TREATMENT OF HIV-INFECTED ADULTS IS DEPENDENT ON AGE Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):154 J Cohen Stuart1, N Back1, D Hamann2, JCC Borleffs1, M Roos2, F Miedema2, R de Boer3 and CAB Boucher1 The finding that the rate of naïve T cell regeneration during HAART is equal for the CD4 and CD8 compartment, combined with the inverse correlation between age and recovery rate of naïve T cells, indicates that the thymus plays an important role in the regeneration of naïve T cells in adults on HAART. |
| 196 | ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AN EARLY THYMIC VOLUME INCREASE AND T CELL REPOPULATION AFTER HAART Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):154 A Rubio1, M Martínez-Moya2, M Leal1, JM Franco1, J Macías1, J Antonio Pineda1, J Fernández-Cruz2, A Sanchez-Quijano1 and E Lissen1 These data suggest that early thymic volume increases might predict the later T cell repopulation after HAART, supporting the postulated role of the thymus on the immune reconstitution after treatment of adult HIV-1-infected patients. |
| 197 | IS PRIMARY HIV INFECTION A MEDICAL EMERGENCY? A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION AND VIRAL SUPPRESSION IN EARLY AND LATE STAGES OF PRIMARY HIV-1 INFECTION Antivir Ther. 2000 Jun 12-16; 5 (Suppl. 3):155 DE Smith1, F Hecht2, G Kaufmann1, J Zaunders1, P Cunningham1, P Grey1, J Kahn2 and DA Cooper1 Despite having poorer baseline markers, treatment of patients with very early primary HIV-1 infection results in a similar viral decay rate and immunological recovery compared to patients in later stages of primary HIV infection. |
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