Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 2004. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date. I slept with someone and the condom broke he did not cum, but I found out he has AIDS. We also kissed. Should I be worried, and how soon can I get tested? I'm only 24.
Rodger MacArthur, M.D.
Wayne State University
Division of Infectious Diseases
In persons who are HIV+, the virus is present in blood and sex fluids; these fluids are potentially infectious to others. HIV also is present in saliva, but in such low amounts that infection from kissing (deep or superficial) does not occur. There typically is release of sex fluid prior to ejaculation ("pre-cum"); therefore, it is possible for an HIV-infected person to transmit the virus to a sexual partner from vaginal or rectal intercourse even in the absence of ejaculation.
The chance of becoming infected from vaginal receptive intercourse from one exposure to an HIV-infected male partner has been estimated at about 1 in 300. The odds of infection vary, depending on whether blood or an abrasion (from trauma or "rough" or "dry" sex) is present, whether there are any open sores present on the penis or in the vagina, and whether the amount of virus in the fluid is high or low. In general, a person with a low or "undetectable" amount of virus in the blood is less likely to infect someone, although infection in such a situation still is possible.
It typically takes 4-12 weeks following exposure to HIV to detect antibody to HIV in those who convert from HIV- to HIV+. Thus, persons who have been exposed to HIV should be tested as soon as possible after exposure (to document that they were HIV- prior to exposure), and at 4-6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24-26 weeks following exposure. Someone who has not become HIV+ 6 months after exposure is not going to become HIV+, unless another exposure to HIV has occurred subsequent to the initial exposure.
Latex condoms prevent infection with HIV and other sexually-transmitted diseases when worn properly. However, they often seem to "break" more frequently than the manufacturers report during extensive pre-release testing. This apparent discrepancy may occur from incorrect use of the condom. Correct use of the condom includes putting it on only when the penis is erect, and rolling it down the entire length of the penis. Condoms should not be re-used.
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Always watch for outdated information. This article first appeared in 2004. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor.
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