Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 2000. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Neutralization profiles of sera from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals: relationship to HIV viral load and CD4 cell count.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):412-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261948 Nokta M; Turk P; Loesch K; Pollard RB; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease,; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0835,; USA. mnokta@utmb.edu
Abstract:
The relationship of the neutralizing activity (NA) profile of sera from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals to the HIV viral load and the absolute CD4 count was examined. The NA of 24 serum samples against autologous isolates (AI) and HIV type 1 strain MN was examined. Three NA patterns were recognized. Nine sera neutralized both AI and MN (+/+), six sera neutralized MN but not AI (-/+), and nine sera failed to neutralize both AI and MN (-/-). The identification of the three neutralization patterns (+/+, -/+, and -/-) indicated that resistance to neutralization was progressive. A reciprocal relationship between the viral burden of the patients and the NA profiles was observed. The nine subjects with a -/- NA profile had a plasma viral load of > or =5 x 10(4) copies/ml and a cellular viral burden of > or =1,122 infectious units per million viable cells, which were significantly different from those of the other groups (P < 0.02). These patterns were independent of the phenotypic characteristics of the virus. Longitudinally, subjects with a -/- profile at baseline gained their HIV-specific NA by 24 weeks of antiretroviral therapy when this was associated with a >/=1-log(10) decline in the plasma HIV viral load. The sera from week 24 from some patients were able to neutralize both the 24-week and the baseline dominant virus isolates. A change in CD4 cell count of 50 or more in either direction predicted a -/- or +/+ profile. The verification of the autologous NA profile might be important in selecting patients who may benefit from immune-based therapies involving neutralizing monoclonal antibodies.
Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*DIAGNOSIS/DRUG THERAPY/ *IMMUNOLOGY Anti-HIV Agents/THERAPEUTIC USE Antibodies, Viral/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/BLOOD Biological Markers *CD4 Lymphocyte Count Disease Progression Female Human HIV/GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV Antigens/*ANALYSIS Immunoglobulins, Intravenous Immunophenotyping Male Mutation Neutralization Tests RNA, Viral/BLOOD Species Specificity Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. *Viral Load Viremia/DIAGNOSIS/DRUG THERAPY/IMMUNOLOGY
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 2000. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
