2000

[The interesting case No. 33. Initial manifestation of HIV-1 infection]
Laryngorhinootologie. 2000 Apr;79(4):247-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297182
Menauer F; Jager L; Issing WJ; Klinik und Poliklinik fur Hals,- Nasen- und Ohrenkranke,; Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen.
The IL-1 receptor/toll-like receptor superfamily: crucial receptors for inflammation and host defense.
Immunol Today. 2000 May;21(5):206-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20245222
O'Neill LA; Dinarello CA; Dept of Biochemistry, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.; laoneill@tcd.ie
Clean living increases more than just atopic disease [letter; comment]
Immunol Today. 2000 May;21(5):249-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20245230
Rook GA
CD38+CD8+ T cells as a marker of poor response to therapy in HIV-infected individuals.
Chem Immunol. 2000;75:207-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310335
Vigano A; Saresella M; Villa ML; Ferrante P; Clerici M; Chair of Pediatrics IV, Milano University, Ospedale Luigi Sacco,; Italy.
CD38 in health and disease.
Chem Immunol. 2000;75:218-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310336
Bofill M; Borthwick NJ; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Free Hospital, London,; UK. bofill@rfhsm.ac.uk
Disseminating the results of participant-focused research.
J Transcult Nurs. 1999 Oct;10(4):340-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20157814
Flaskerud JH; Anderson N; UCLA School of Nursing, USA.
Participant-focused research (PFR) includes the subjects as full partners in the research process. As such, participants share in the products or outcomes of research. PFR goes beyond the traditional research approach of disseminating findings to other scientists and clinicians and includes participants and communit


Health literacy and health-related knowledge among persons living with HIV/AIDS.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20250740
Kalichman SC; Benotsch E; Suarez T; Catz S; Miller J; Rompa D; Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of; Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA. sethk@mcw.edu
BACKGROUND: Functional health literacy is associated with illness-related knowledge, understanding, and treatment perceptions for several chronic illnesses. This study examined health literacy in relation to knowledge and understanding of HIV/AIDS. METHODS: Persons living with HIV/AIDS recruited from AIDS service orga


Washing power.
Nurs Stand. 1999 Oct 13-19;14(4):18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313233
Beenstock S
HIV-associated granuloma annulare (HAGA): a report of six cases [letter]
Br J Dermatol. 2000 May;142(5):1054-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20269845
O'Moore EJ; Nandawni R; Uthayakumar S; Nayagam AT; Darley CR
Paronychia and excess granulation tissue of the toes and finger in a patient treated with indinavir [letter; comment]
Br J Dermatol. 2000 May;142(5):1063-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20269853
Dauden E; Pascual-Lopez M; Martinez-Garcia C; Garcia-Diez A
Strongyloidiasis and natural killer cell lymphocytosis [letter;
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20269857 P
The human hair follicle immune system: cellular composition and immune privilege.
Br J Dermatol. 2000 May;142(5):862-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20269809
Christoph T; Muller-Rover S; Audring H; Tobin DJ; Hermes B; Cotsarelis G; Ruckert R; Paus R; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Eppendorf,; University of Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg,; Germany.
The immunology of the hair follicle, its relationship with the skin immune system and its role in hair diseases remain biologically intriguing and clinically important. In this study, we analysed the immunoreactivity patterns of 15 immunodermatological markers to determine the cellular composition and immune privile


Ivermectin alone or in combination with benzyl benzoate in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-associated scabies.
Br J Dermatol. 2000 May;142(5):969-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20269825
Alberici F; Pagani L; Ratti G; Viale P; Unit of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera di Piacenza, Via; Taverna 49, I-29100 Piacenza, Italy.
In order to establish a safe and reliable treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated scabies, we have treated 60 episodes of scabies in this setting, occurring in 39 patients, with one of the following regimens: (i) topical treatment with benzyl benzoate solution; (ii) single-dose oral treatment with


Liver biopsy in Irish hepatitis C-infected patients with inherited bleeding disorders.
Br J Haematol. 2000 May;109(2):354-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308115
McMahon C; Pilkington R; Shea EO; Kelleher D; Smith OP; National Centre for Inherited Bleeding Disorders and Department; of Gastroenterology, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
The majority of patients receiving plasma-derived clotting factor concentrates between 1970s and the mid-1980s are now hepatitis C positive. The progression of hepatitis C is extremely variable and there is frequently a poor correlation among liver biochemistry, viral load and the stage of liver disease. Liver biopsy


Absence of herpesvirus DNA sequences in the 5T murine model of human multiple myeloma.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308124
Oyajobi BO; Deng JH; Dallas SL; Jenson HB; Mundy GR; Gao SJ; Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics and Microbiology, The; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San; Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA.
Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV, also known as HHV-8) has been found in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and postulated to be aetiologically associated with the development of this common plasma cell malignancy. A murine model of MM was previously established in which intravenous transfer of 5T myelom


Sebaceous cell carcinoma of the eyelid and the human immunodeficiency virus.
Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000 May;16(3):206-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20285012
Yen MT; Tse DT; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute,; University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33136, USA.
PURPOSE: Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at increased risk for developing malignancies, which are acquired at a younger age and are more aggressive. Sebaceous cell carcinoma is a rare eyelid tumor typically occurring in the seventh decade of life. We report two cases of sebaceous cell


Mechanism of neomycin and Rev peptide binding to the Rev responsive element of HIV-1 as determined by fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy.
Biochemistry. 2000 May 16;39(19):5630-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20263481
Lacourciere KA; Stivers JT; Marino JP; Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology, University of; Maryland and National Institute for Standards and Technology,; 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
Rev is an essential HIV-1 regulatory protein that binds the Rev responsive element (RRE) within the env gene of the HIV-1 RNA genome and is involved in transport of unspliced or partially spliced viral mRNA from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm. Previous studies have shown that a short alpha-helical peptide derived f


CXCR4 on human endothelial cells can serve as both a mediator of biological responses and as a receptor for HIV-2.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Feb 21;1500(2):227-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20125614
Molino M; Woolkalis MJ; Prevost N; Pratico D; Barnathan ES; Taraboletti G; Haggarty BS; Hesselgesser J; Horuk R; Hoxie JA; Brass LF; Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Italy.
It has been shown that deletion of the chemokine receptor, CXCR4, causes disordered angiogenesis in mouse models. In the present studies, we examined the distribution and trafficking of CXCR4 in human endothelial cells, tested their responses to the CXCR4 ligand, SDF-1, and asked whether endothelial cell CXCR4 can ser


Skrljevo disease--two centuries of history.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):207-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233036
Gruber F; Department of Dermatovenerology, Clinical Hospital Centre and; Medical School of Rijeka, Croatia.
Skrljevo disease, also called Rijeka (Fiume) or Grobnik disease, by some physicians was first identified in the village of Skrljevo in Croatia in 1790. From texts dating back to the beginning of the 19th century it is clear that it


Symptomatic and health status outcomes in the Canadian randomized MAC treatment trial (CTN010). Canadian HIV Trials Network Protocol 010 Study Group.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):212-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233037
Singer J; Thorne A; Khorasheh S; Raboud JM; Wu AW; Salit I; Tsoukas CM; Lemieux C; Shafran SD; Canadian HIV Trials Network, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC.; joel@hivnet.ubc.ca
Our objective was to compare the effect of 2 regimens for treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteraemia in an HIV-positive population on symptoms and health status outcomes using a substudy of an open-label randomized controlled trial. The study was conducted in 24 hospital-based human immunodeficiency vi


The efficacy and tolerability of combination antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy: infant and maternal outcome.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):220-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233038
Clarke SM; Mulcahy F; Healy CM; Condon S; Butler KM; Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, St James' Hospital,; Dublin, Ireland. gum@stjames.ie
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and Caesarean section (CS) delivery significantly reduce the risk of vertically transmitted HIV infection. Attention must focus on determining the optimal management strategy for HIV-positive pregnancies. Guidelines must reflect not only the activity and tolerability of combination ART in


Significance of laboratory findings for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):224-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233039
Luger AF; Schmidt BL; Kaulich M; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Dermato-Venereological; Serodiagnosis, Vienna, Austria.
Our objective is to assess the specificity and sensitivity, and thus elaborate the relevance, of different laboratory findings for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. One hundred and fourteen HIV-negative pairs of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were examined by the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL)


Can a two-glass urine test or leucocyte esterase test of first-void urine improve syndromic management of male urethritis in southern Thailand?
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):235-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233040
Chandeying V; Skov S; Tabrizi SN; Kemapunmanus M; Garland S; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine,; Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand.
The goal of this study was to determine whether a urine two-glass test or a leucocyte esterase (LE) test of first-void urine (FVU) improve the sensitivity or specificity of the World Health Organization (WHO) algorithm for the syndromic management of men with urethritis in southern


Prevalence of HIV infection and risk behaviours among Montreal street youth.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):241-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233041
Roy E; Haley N; Leclerc P; Lemire N; Boivin JF; Frappier JY; Claessens C; Montreal Regional Public Health Department, Quebec, Canada.
We aim to estimate HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among street youth in Montreal, Canada . We conducted a one-year cross-sectional anonymous study in 1995. We recruited youth aged 13-25 years meeting specific criteria for itinerancy through the 20 major Montreal street y


Community control of Chlamydia trachomatis.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):248-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233042
Rogstad KE; Kinghorn GR; Horton M; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital,; Sheffield, UK.
In order to determine the amount of Chlamydia trachomatis that is diagnosed outside genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics in a large university city, a review of all positive chlamydial infections diagnosed on specimens received from hospitals (non-GUM) and community sources in 1996 was performed. It was also ascertain


Marriage, monogamy and HIV: a profile of HIV-infected women in south India.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):250-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233043
Newmann S; Sarin P; Kumarasamy N; Amalraj E; Rogers M; Madhivanan P; Flanigan T; Cu-Uvin S; McGarvey S; Mayer K; Solomon S; Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island; 02912, USA.
A retrospective study was conducted on 134 HIV-infected females evaluated at an HIV/AIDS centre in south India to characterize their sociodemographics, HIV risk factors and initial clinical presentations. The mean age was 29 years; 81% were housewives; 95% were currently or previous


Herpes zoster and HIV infection in Tanzania.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):254-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233044
Naburi AE; Leppard B; Regional Dermatology Training Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian; Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.
Two hundred consecutive patients with herpes zoster attending the skin clinic at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) were examined and checked for HIV infection. They ranged in age from 10 months to 86 years with the majority in their 20s and 30s. The dermatomes involved were thoracic (97), trigeminal (50)


Partner notification of pregnant women infected with syphilis in Nairobi, Kenya.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):257-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233045
Gichangi P; Fonck K; Sekande-Kigondu C; Ndinya-Achola J; Bwayo J; Kiragu D; Claeys P; Temmerman M; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nairobi,; Kenya.
We examined partner notification among syphilitic pregnant women in Nairobi. At delivery, 377 women were found to be rapid plasma reagin (RPR) reactive. Data were available for 94% of the partners of women who were tested during pregnancy; over 67% of the partners had received syphilis treatment while 23% had not soug


Determinants of condom use in female sex workers in Surabaya, Indonesia.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):262-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233046
Joesoef MR; Kio D; Linnan M; Kamboji A; Barakbah Y; Idajadi A; Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
In the developing world condom use among sex workers and their clients plays a dominant role in the transmission of HIV/STD. In Surabaya, Indonesia , data from the 1993 STD prevalence survey in female sex workers (brothels, street, massage parlours, barber shops, call-girl houses


The frequency of mutation in CCR5 gene among Koreans.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):266-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/X99393
Oh MD; Kim SS; Kim EY; Lee S; Kim N; Park KY; Kim U; Kim T; Kim T; Choe K; Lee JS; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University; College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, South; Korea.
To better understand a role of the delta32 allele of the CCR5 gene in HIV-1 transmission and disease progression, we determined the CCR5 genotypes within several groups of Koreans. Amplification of DNA from each subject was achieved with polymerase chain reaction, using the CCR5 specific primer pair, which flanks the


An audit of patients who have received imiquimod cream 5% for the treatment of anogenital warts.
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):268-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233048
Maitland JE; Maw R; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital,; Belfast, UK.
With the licensing of the new drug Imiquimod cream 5% (Aldara 3M Health Care) for the treatment of anogenital warts and its inclusion into clinic guidelines, a case note review audit was performed of its use. The treatment of 52 patients was audited. Results showed that clinic guidelines were being followed and that p


Genitourinary chlamydial infections [letter; comment]
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):272. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233049
Taylor-Robinson D
Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices regarding sexually transmitted infections in rural Philippines [letter]
Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):273-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233050
Reese A; Sinha G; Bolan G; Klausner JD
Diarrhea and AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):701-5; quiz 706-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283168
Kartalija M; Sande MA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake; City 84132, USA.
AIDS and the elderly.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):740-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283177
Chiao EY; Ries KM; Sande MA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake; City 84132, USA.
Individuals 50 years of age or older continue to account for at least 10% of AIDS cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in recent years. Little research is devoted to addressing the specific issues affecting diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of AIDS in older Americans. Survival rates amon


Usefulness of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia assay for predicting the occurrence of CMV disease and death in patients with AIDS.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):758-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283182
Chevret S; Scieux C; Garrait V; Dahel L; Morinet F; Modai J; Decazes JM; Molina JM; Department of Biostatistics, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
A cohort study of 214 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients was performed to assess the usefulness of the cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) antigenemia assay for predicting the occurrence of CMV disease and death. Multivar


Diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia in epidemiological studies: evaluation in Kenyan adults of a serotype-specific urine latex agglutination assay.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):764-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283183
Scott JA; Hannington A; Marsh K; Hall AJ; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Geographic Medicine; Research-Coast, Kilifi. zhc3@cdc.gov
A serotype-specific tube latex agglutination assay for 10 pneumococcal serotypes was evaluated with use of urine samples from 72 Kenyan adults with pneumonia whose blood or lung aspirate cultures were positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae, 203 patients with pneumonia whose cultures were negative for S. pneumoniae, and


Consecutive epidemics of Q fever in a residential facility for drug abusers: impact on persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):866-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283199
Boschini A; Di Perri G; Legnani D; Fabbri P; Ballarini P; Zucconi R; Boros S; Rezza G; San Patrignano Medical Center, Rimini, Italy. boschini@infotel.it
Two large outbreaks of Q fever occurred in 1987 and 1988 in an agricultural community for the rehabilitation of drug users. Approximately 40% of the residents were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. Two hundred thirty-five residents presented with clinical evidence of a flulike syndrome that was confirmed to


Thalidomide as therapy for human immunodeficiency virus-related oral ulcers: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):892-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283202
Ramirez-Amador VA; Esquivel-Pedraza L; Ponce-de-Leon S; Reyes-Teran G; Gonzalez-Guevara M; Ponce-de-Leon S; Sierra-Madero JG; Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Department of; Health Care, Villa Quietud, Consejo Nacional para la Prevencion; y Control del Sida, Toriello Guerra, Mexico.; rava1863@cueyatl.uam.mx
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed in Mexico City to evaluate the efficacy of thalidomide in treating oral recurrent aphthae in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects. Sixteen HIV-infected patients with clinical and histological diagnosis of oral recurrent aphthou


Effect of a 14-day course of foscarnet on cytomegalovirus (CMV) blood markers in a randomized study of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with persistent CMV viremia. Agence National de Recherche du SIDA 023 Study Group.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):901-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283205
Salmon-Ceron D; Fillet AM; Aboulker JP; Gerard L; Houhou N; Carriere I; Ostinelli J; Vilde JL; Brun-Vezinet F; Leport C; Department of Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.; dominique.salmon@cch.ap-hop-paris.fr
A randomized open-label phase 2 trial compared the virological and clinical effects on cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection of a 14-day course of intravenous foscarnet (100 mg/[kg x 12 h]) or no treatment in 42 HIV-infected patien


Primary lamivudine resistance in acute/early human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):910-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283207
Conway B; Montessori V; Rouleau D; Montaner JS; O'Shaughnessy MV; Fransen S; Shillington A; Weislow O; Mayers DL; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.; brian_conway@viridae.com
Massive hemoperitoneum: a new manifestation of bacillary peliosis in human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):911-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283208
Lozano F; Corzo JE; Leon EM; Rufo C; Loza A; Gomez-Mateos JM; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario de; Valme, Seville, Spain. gmateos@arrakis.es
Persistent fever as the only manifestation of chronic coxsackievirus B4 infection in the brain of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected child.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):912-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283209
Palomba E; Tovo PA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Italy.
Postexposure rabies vaccination in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):913-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283210
Jaijaroensup W; Tantawichien T; Khawplod P; Tepsumethanon S; Wilde H; The Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society,; Bangkok.
Recrudescence of cutaneous Mycobacterium haemophilum lesions following tetanus immunization.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):919-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283214
Gibson MK; Villano SA; Huff CA; Cofrancesco J; Division of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Severe neutropenia during therapy for concurrent primary human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus infections.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):920-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283215
Sutinen J; Ristola M; Suni J; Nuutinen H; Lahdevirta J; Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital,; Finland.
Foscarnet activity on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the central nervous system.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):931. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283225
Delforge ML; Farber CM; De Leener F; Caroyer JM; Liesnard C; Van Vooren JP; Virology and AIDS Reference Laboratory, Hopital Erasme,; Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.; mdelforg@ulb.ac.be
Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus infection--a changing scenario [letter; comment]
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;28(4):936-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283229
Tacconelli E; Tumbarello M; de Gaetano Donati K; Leone F; Mazzella P; Cauda R
Long-term sustained delivery of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine in vivo by means of HA and TCP delivery devices.
Biomed Sci Instrum. 2000;36:343-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20294166
Benghuzzi H; Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Related; Professions, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson,; USA.
This study will attempt to determine the amount of circulating drug, when provided at sustained levels over an extended period of time, which provides efficacy and reduces the toxic side effects seen with the use of AZT in vivo. Two ceramic delivery s


Interleukin-13 fusion cytotoxin as a potent targeted agent for AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma xenograft.
Blood. 2000 Jun 1;95(11):3506-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287391
Husain SR; Puri RK; Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, Division of Cellular and; Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research,; Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Clinically advanced and rapidly progressive AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma (AIDS-KS) tumors require an aggressive tumor-directed therapy. We have observed that AIDS-KS cells express high levels of receptors for immune regulatory cytokine, interleukin-13 (IL-13). Two tumorigenic AIDS-KS cell lines, KS Y-1 and KS-imm, e


Conjugal HHV-8 infection with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcomas and Castleman's disease: fortuitous association or not? [letter]
Dermatology. 2000;200(2):153-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20237328
Granel B; Serratrice J; Zandotti C; Rey J; De Roux C; Horschowski N; Disdier P; Weiller PJ
Carbamazepine--indinavir interaction causes antiretroviral therapy failure.
Ann Pharmacother. 2000 Apr;34(4):465-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233385
Hugen PW; Burger DM; Brinkman K; ter Hofstede HJ; Schuurman R; Koopmans PP; Hekster YA; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Hospital Nijmegen,; The Netherlands. p.hugen@klinfarm.azn.nl
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of antiretroviral therapy failure caused by an interaction between carbamazepine and indinavir. CASE SUMMARY: A 48-year-old HIV-positive white man was treated with antiretroviral triple therapy, consisting of indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine. His HIV-RNA (viral load) became undetectabl


Recurrent NNRTI-induced hepatotoxicity in an HIV-HCV-coinfected patient [letter]
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233398
Piroth L; Grappin M; Sgro C; Buisson M; Duong M; Chavanet P
AIDS activists arrested in India [news]
BMJ. 2000 May 27;320(7247):1426. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20286442
Sharma R
HIV risk behaviour in gay men: on the rise? [editorial; comment]
BMJ. 2000 Jun 3;320(7248):1487-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20294919
Grulich A
Human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus infection in pregnant women in the United Kingdom: population study.
BMJ. 2000 Jun 3;320(7248):1497-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20294936
Ades AE; Parker S; Walker J; Edginton M; Taylor GP; Weber JN; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Child; Health, London WC1N 1EH. a.ades@ich.ucl.ac.uk
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) infection in pregnant women in the United Kingdom . DESIGN: Population study. Subjects: Guthrie card samples from babies born in 1997-8. Samples were linked to data on mother s age and ethnic status and


Preventing transmission of blood-borne pathogens to health care workers.
Natl Med J India. 2000 Mar-Apr;13(2):82-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20295563
Richard VS; Kenneth J; Cherian T; Chandy GM; Christian Medical College, Tamil Nadu, India.
Health care workers are exposed to blood-borne pathogens, mainly the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. Infection by these viruses leads to chronic or fatal illnesses which are expensive and difficult to treat. Individuals who harbour these viruses may be asymptomatic and hence all


Pain in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients: a review for nurse anesthetists.
CRNA. 1999 Aug;10(3):101-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188253
Yermal SJ; Department of Anesthesiology, Northwestern University Medical; School, Chicago, IL, USA.
Pain is the most common reason for the hospitalization of people with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). The epidemiology of this disease and limitations of available therapies suggest that HIV/AIDS pain will be a treatment challenge within and beyond the perioperative realm f


Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related drug therapy: anesthetic implications.
CRNA. 1999 Aug;10(3):107-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188254
Griffis CA; Department of Anesthesiology, UCLA Medical Center, USA.
This article reviews advances in the diagnosis and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Newer drugs used to treat HIV/AIDS, such as protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, are desc


The role of HIV-related chemokine receptors and chemokines in human erythropoiesis in vitro.
Stem Cells. 2000;18(2):128-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20209089
Majka M; Ratajczak J; Lee B; Honczarenko M; Douglas R; Kowalska MA; Silberstein L; Gewirtz AM; Ratajczak MZ; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's; Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
In order to better define the role of HIV-related chemokines in human erythropoiesis we studied: A) the expression of chemokine receptors, both on human CD34(+) cells which include erythroid progenitors and on more mature erythroid cells; B) the functionality of these receptors by calcium flux, chemotaxis assay and ph


Gene transfer by lentiviral vectors is limited by nuclear translocation and rescued by HIV-1 pol sequences.
Nat Genet. 2000 Jun;25(2):217-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20296629
Follenzi A; Ailles LE; Bakovic S; Geuna M; Naldini L; Laboratorie for Gene Transfer and Therapy, IRCC, Institute for; Cancer Research and Treatment, University of Torino Medical; School, Candiolo (Torino), Italy.
Gene-transfer vectors based on lentiviruses are distinguished by their ability to transduce non-dividing cells. The HIV-1 proteins Matrix, Vpr and Integrase have been implicated in the nuclear import of the viral genome in non-dividing cells. Here we show that a sequence within pol is also required in cis. It contains


Low levels of interferon-gamma in nasal fluid accompany raised levels of T-helper 2 cytokines in children with ongoing allergic rhinitis.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2000 Feb;11(1):20-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229219
Benson M; Stranneg~ard IL; Wennergren G; Stranneg~ard O; Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital,; Goteborg, Sweden. mikael.benson@pediat.gu.se
The T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines interleukin-(IL-) 4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma and their associations with eosinophil, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and immunoglobulin (Ig) E were studied in nasal lavage fluid from 60 school children with allergic seasonal rhinitis and 36 nonatopic healthy co


Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) III of the uterine cervix in a young female associated with AIDS [published erratum appears in Pathol Int 1996 May;46(5):392]
Pathol Int. 1996 Feb;46(2):161-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20305920
Kimura M; Sata T; Kurata T; Maekura S; Satou T; Akiyama H; Nakajima S; Hashimoto S; Second Department of Pathology, Kinki University School of; Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
A case of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III implying severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix in a 24 year old Japanese female patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is reported. Autopsy revealed marked systemic atrophy of lymph nodes, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pulmo


Immunoblot analysis for laboratory diagnosis of ataxia-telangiectasia: use of Epstein-Barr virus-transformed or phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphoblasts for detection of ATM protein.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2000 Jan-Feb;10(1):36-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241710
Fukao T; Yoshida T; Kaneko H; Song XQ; Tashita H; Teramoto T; Inoue R; Watters D; Lavin M; Kondo N; Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a genetic disorder characterized by a progressive ataxia, immunodeficiency, neurological abnormalities, hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation, and predisposition to cancer. The gene responsible for A-T (ATM) has been cloned and shown to code for a 350 kDa polypeptide containing 3,056 am


Air pollution and allergy.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2000 Jan-Feb;10(1):5-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241704
Takafuji S; Nakagawa T; Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School; of Medicine, Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa, Japan.
Epidemiological studies have found a recent increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases, especially in industrialized countries. A change in environmental factors may be considered as one of the causes of this increase. It has been reported that the prevalence of allergic diseases is higher in polluted areas than


Lymphocytes migrate from the blood into the bronchoalveolar lavage and lung parenchyma in the asthma model of the brown Norway rat.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Feb;161(2 Pt 1):558-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20180269
Schuster M; Tschernig T; Krug N; Pabst R; Centers of Anatomy, Anesthesiology and Pneumology, Medical School; of Hanover, Hanover, Germany.
Lymphocyte migration from the blood into the lung has been suggested as being responsible for the increase of lymphocytes, in particular CD4 T cells, in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bronchial mucosa in human asthma, but so far there has been no direct proof. We studied lymphocyte immigration and lymphocyte sub


Evaluation of TruCount absolute-count tubes for determining CD4 and CD8 cell numbers in human immunodeficiency virus-positive adults. Site Investigators and The NIAID DAIDS New Technologies Evaluation Group [see comments]
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):336-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261937
Schnizlein-Bick CT; Spritzler J; Wilkening CL; Nicholson JK; O'Gorman MR; Department of Medicine/Infectious Diseases, Indiana University; School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.; cschnizl@iupui.edu
A single-platform technology that uses an internal bead standard and three-color flow cytometry to determine CD4 and CD8 absolute counts was evaluated for reproducibility and agreement. Values obtained using TruCount absolute-count tubes were compared to those obtained using a two-color predicate methodology. Sixty sp


Multisite comparison of CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocyte counting by single- versus multiple-platform methodologies: evaluation of Beckman Coulter flow-count fluorospheres and the tetraONE system.The NIAID DAIDS New Technologies Evaluation Group [see comments]
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):344-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261938
Reimann KA; O'Gorman MR; Spritzler J; Wilkening CL; Sabath DE; Helm K; Campbell DE; Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical; Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.; kreimann@caregroup.harvard.edu
New analytic methods that permit absolute CD4 and CD8 T-cell determinations to be performed entirely on the flow cytometer have the potential for improving assay precision and accuracy. In a multisite trial, we compared two different single-platform assay methods with a predicate two-color assay in which the absolute


Preservation of lymphocyte immunophenotype and proliferative responses in cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected donors: implications for multicenter clinical trials. The ACTG Immunology Advanced Technology Laboratories.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):352-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261939
Reimann KA; Chernoff M; Wilkening CL; Nickerson CE; Landay AL; Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical; Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; kreimann@caregroup.harvard.edu
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection results in impaired immune function that can be measured by changes in immunophenotypically defined lymphocyte subsets and other in vitro functional assays. These in vitro assays may also serve as early indicators of efficacy when new therapeutic strategies for HIV


Relevance of the viral RAK alpha gene in diagnosis of malignant versus nonmalignant tumors of the ovary and uterus.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):360-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261940
Rakowicz-Szulczynska EM; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory of Molecular; Oncology, University of Nebraska Eppley Cancer Center, and; ViroTech LLC, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-like antigens RAK (named after the inventor E. M. Rakowicz) p120, p42, and p25, as well as HIV-1-like segments of cancer DNA (RAK gene alpha), have been found before in breast and prostate cancers. The present study focused on determining the value of markers RAK in the diag


Variability and immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p24 gene quasispecies.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):377-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261943
Iroegbu J; Birk M; Lazdina U; Sonnerborg A; Sallberg M; Divisions of Clinical Virology, F68, Karolinska Institute,; Huddinge University Hospital, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
Despite the conserved nature of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag gene, multiple quasispecies of the p24 gene coexist in HIV-1-infected patients. We cloned and sequenced 31 p24 genes from four HIV-1-infected patients. The intrapatient homology between the p24 genes ranged from 97.1 to 99.1%, whereas


Neutralization profiles of sera from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals: relationship to HIV viral load and CD4 cell count.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):412-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261948
Nokta M; Turk P; Loesch K; Pollard RB; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease,; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0835,; USA. mnokta@utmb.edu
The relationship of the neutralizing activity (NA) profile of sera from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals to the HIV viral load and the absolute CD4 count was examined. The NA of 24 serum samples against autologous isolates (AI) and HIV type 1 strain MN was examined. Three NA patterns were recogn


New immunofluorescence assays for detection of Human herpesvirus 8-specific antibodies.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):427-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261951
Inoue N; Mar EC; Dollard SC; Pau CP; Zheng Q; Pellett PE; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, STD, and TB; Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; 30333, USA. nai0@cdc.gov
Several assays have been developed for detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), including immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). However, the specificity and sensitivity of these assays are not completely defined due to the lack of a gold stan


Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor inhibits infection of monocytes and lymphocytes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 but does not interfere with transcytosis of cell-associated virus across tight epithelial barriers.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 May;7(3):515-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261966
Hocini H; Becquart P; Bouhlal H; Adle-Biassette H; Kazatchkine MD; Belec L; Unite INSERM U430, Paris, France.
In the present study, we demonstrate that recombinant human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (rhSLPI) inhibits infection of lymphocyte- and monocyte-derived tumor cell lines and peripheral blood lymphocytes with laboratory-adapted isolates and with the primary isolate, NDK, of free human immunodeficiency virus t


Language and oral-motor development and disorders in infants and young toddlers with human immunodeficiency virus.
Semin Speech Lang. 2000;21(1):19-34; quiz 34-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229279
Davis-McFarland E; Communication Sciences and Disorders Program, Medical University; of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA.
There are only a few studies on the preverbal and language development of infants and toddlers with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the available literature indicates that HIV infection appears to compromise language development. No studies could be found on the oral-motor development of such children. Th


Language development and assessment in children with human immunodeficiency virus: 3 to 6 years.
Semin Speech Lang. 2000;21(1):37-46; quiz 46-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229280
Layton TL; Scott GS; Department of Communication Disorders, North Carolina Central; University, Durham 27707, USA.
Young children infected or exposed, or both to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) present with a variety of speech, language, and communication problems. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the impact that HIV has on young children from 3 to 6 years of age. Issues concerning medically related


Development and assessment of school-age and adolescent children with human immunodeficiency virus.
Semin Speech Lang. 2000;21(1):49-60; quiz 60-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229281
McClowry DP; State of California Department of Education, Diagnostic Center,; Southern California, Los Angeles 90032, USA.
This article presents a review of the literature regarding the communication problems of school-age children with HIV-infection and the impact of the psychosocial and emotional reactions of these children on their social relationships. An overview of the effects of HIV infection on the central nervous system is follow


Communication intervention and therapeutic issues in pediatric human immunodeficiency virus.
Semin Speech Lang. 2000;21(1):63-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229282
McNeilly LG; Department of Communicative Disorders, Health Science Center,; University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0174, USA.
This article provides an overview of treatment strategies that target communicative disorders exhibited by children exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The myriad of communicative disorders presented by these children is discussed in relationship to the complex needs of culturally diverse families. Rehabili


Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: an overview.
Semin Speech Lang. 2000;21(1):7-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229278
Layton TL; Davis-McFarland E; Department of Communication Disorders, North Carolina Central; University, Durham 27707, USA.
This article covers the epidemiological manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in children, demographic statistics, and information on the three modes of virus transmission. The various opportunistic diseases and neurological dysfunction that characterize pedia


Psychosocial issues in pediatric human immunodeficiency virus.
Semin Speech Lang. 2000;21(1):79-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229283
Adler RK; Communication Improvements, P.C., Decatur, GA 30339, USA.
This article discusses the psychosocial issues associated with pediatric human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Using a psychosocial model instead of the usual medical or rehabilitation model will challenge speech-language pathologists to incorporate an understanding of the psy


Treatment news: 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections [editorial]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):323-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301668
Laurence J
Partner notification as a prevention strategy: a social system perspective.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):327-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301669
Misir P; Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Baruch College, City; University, New York, New York, USA.; caribbeanjournal@worldnet.att.net
Provider referral and contact referral are two established means to provide notification of contagious, but treatable diseases, as has been done for tuberculosis and sexually transmitted diseases (e.g., syphilis). Because AIDS is at this time an incurable disease, programs of notification have proved highly controvers


Coping styles of caregivers of children with HIV/AIDS: implications for health professionals.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):335-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301670
Rose MA; Clark-Alexander B; College of Health Professions, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Molly.Rose@mail.tju.edu
In a study to examine the coping styles and quality of life of non-parental caregivers of children with HIV/AIDS, 25 non-parental caregivers used confrontive coping most often and passive and emotive coping much less often. The two most frequently used coping styles were prayer and efforting to maintain some control o


Gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients with AIDS.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):343-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301671
Chalasani N; Wilcox CM; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,; Indianapolis, USA.
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a relatively infrequent complication seen in patients with AIDS. As with non-HIV-infected individuals, upper GI bleeding is much more common than lower GI bleeding. In patients with AIDS, upper GI bleeding can result from etiologies related to underlying HIV infection [


Changing spectrum of HIV infection and its associated conditions in Spain: the end of the beginning?
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):347-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301672
Collazos J; Mayo J; Martinez E; Section of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de Galdakao, Vizcaya,; Spain. jcollazos@hgda.osakidetza.net
To evaluate the natural history and the impact that different strategies have had on HIV infection and its associated conditions, a cohort of 970 patients (432 had AIDS) who had been seen over a period of 13 years were studied. The incidence of new HIV-infected patients had increased steadily since 1985, peaking in 19


Determinants of HIV-related survival among Texas prison inmates.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):355-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301673
Baillargeon J; Borucki M; Williamson J; Dunn K; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical; Branch, Galveston, USA. baillargeon@uthscsa.edu
Research indicates that being incarcerated adversely affects disease progression and overall health status. Because HIV infection is a growing problem among prison populations in the United States , understanding how incarceration affects HIV-related survival patterns is critical. The p


Return rates and partner notification in HIV-positive men seeking anonymous versus confidential antibody testing.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):363-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301674
Berger SG; Hong BA; Eldridge S; Connor D; Vedder KN; AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Washington University School of; Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
This study investigated whether HIV-positive men who seek confidential versus anonymous HIV counseling and testing differ in demographic variables, risk behaviors, return rates for posttest appointments, and agreement to partner notification. chi 2 tests were not statistically significant for return rates for post-tes


Periodontopathic bacteria in English HIV-seropositive persons.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):369-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301675
Scully C; Porter SR; Mutlu S; Epstein JB; Glover S; Kumar N; Department of Oral Medicine, Eastman Dental Institute, University; of London, England. CScully@eastman.ucl.ac.uk
Selected periodontopathic bacteria were sought in 20 HIV-infected English patients and eight noninfected control subjects with similar periodontal status, using highly specific DNA probes. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. a), Porphyromonas gingivalis, Campylobacter rectus, Prevotella intermedia, and Fusobacter


Drug holidays may be beneficial [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):375. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301676
HE2000 shows efficacy [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):375. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301678
Recent antiviral approvals [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):375. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301677
Sexual dysfunction with PIs [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):376. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301679
No vaccine for 10 years [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):377. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301684
TB continues to decline [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):377. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301685
Vaccine trial in Thailand [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):377. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301680
Youth believe pill stops HIV [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):378. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301686
European approaches to adolescent sexual behavior [news]
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1999 Jun;13(6):379-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301688
Makulowich GS
Effect of mycophenolate mofetil in heart transplantation.
Can J Surg. 2000 Jun;43(3):202-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309963
Mathieu P; Carrier M; White M; Pellerin M; Perrault L; Pelletier G; Robitaille D; Pelletier LC; Department of Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Que.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a new immunosuppressive drug that acts by inhibiting de novo pathways of purine synthesis, and rabbit antithymocyte globulin (RATG) on the lymphocyte subpopulation after heart transplantation. DESIGN: A review of clinical and laboratory records. SETTING: T


Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of bovine leukosis: comparison with the agar gel immunodiffusion test approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
Can J Vet Res. 2000 Apr;64(2):101-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20262998
Simard C; Richardson S; Dixon P; Belanger C; Maxwell P; Retrovirology Centre of Expertise, Canadian Food Inspection; Agency, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. simardc@em.agr.ca
Four commercially available bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-ELISA kits from Europe or the United States were compared to the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test officially approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA). A total of 1200 cattle serum samples were used. Three ELISA k


Agar gel immunodiffusion test for the detection of bovine leukemia virus antibodies: lack of trans-Atlantic standardization.
Can J Vet Res. 2000 Apr;64(2):96-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20262997
Simard C; Richardson S; Dixon P; Komal J; Retrovirology Centre of Expertise, Canadian Food Inspection; Agency, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. simardc@em.agr.ca
Two agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) kits for the serodiagnosis of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) were imported from Europe and were compared with North American kits. The BLV AGID kits from North America and from Europe differed significantly. The punches were different, as were the pattern distribution in the agar of th


Modern antiretroviral therapy improves life expectancy of gay and bisexual males in Vancouver's West End.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20291641
Wood E; Low-Beer S; Bartholomew K; Landolt M; Oram D; O'Shaughnessy MV; Hogg RS
This study was undertaken to evaluate the life expectancy of gay and bisexual men in the West End of Vancouver, British Columbia during two time periods. Mortality data for males were obtained for the periods 1990 to 1992 and 1995 to 1997 and population estimates were obtained from the 1991 and 1996 Census. The propor


HIV prevalence remains low among Calgary's needle exchange program participants.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20291642
Guenter CD; Fonseca K; Nielsen DM; Wheeler VJ; Pim CP; Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary.; guentd@mcmaster.ca
OBJECTIVES: To determine the demographic characteristics, risk behaviours and prevalence of HIV-1 among injection drug users (IDU) attending Calgary s needle exchange program (NEP). METHODS: A survey was conducted from June through September 1998 among IDU attending Calgary s NEP. Demographic and behaviour characteris


Mucosal protection against HIV - a new role for IgG? [news]
Mol Med Today. 2000 May;6(5):184. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20245789
Dorrell S
Anti-idiotype RNAs that mimic the leucine-rich nuclear export signal and specifically bind to CRM1/exportin 1.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20264196
Hamm J; Fornerod M
BACKGROUND: Anti-idiotype approaches are based on the assumption that an antibody recognising a ligand can be structurally related


Trapping of a catalytic HIV reverse transcriptase*template:primer complex through a disulfide bond.
Chem Biol. 2000 May;7(5):355-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20264197
Huang H; Harrison SC; Verdine GL; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University,; Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is a major target for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Resistance mutations in RT compromise treatment, however. Efforts to understand the enzymatic mechanism of RT and the basis for mutational resistance to anti-RT drugs have been hampered by the


HIV-1, cocaine, and neuropsychological performance in African American men.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2000 Mar;6(3):322-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20284518
Durvasula RS; Myers HF; Satz P; Miller EN; Morgenstern H; Richardson MA; Evans G; Forney D; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University; of California, Los Angeles, USA. rdurvas@calstatela.edu
The purpose of this study was to examine the independent and interactive effects of HIV-1 serostatus and cocaine on neuropsychological (NP) performance in a sample of 237 gay and bisexual urban-dwelling African American men. Consistent with current evidence, it was expected that the greatest neuropsychological perform


Neuropsychiatric disturbance is associated with executive dysfunction in HIV-1 infection.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2000 Mar;6(3):336-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20284519
Castellon SA; Hinkin CH; Myers HF; Department of Psychiatry, UCLA School of Medicine, USA.; scastell@ucla.edu
Prominent apathy and/or irritability are frequently observed among individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although these symptoms often occur as part of a mood disorder, compelling evidence suggests that they may occur independently of depression in neurologic disease/disorder. The current s


Minimal core domain of HIV-1 integrase for biological activity.
Mol Cells. 2000 Feb 29;10(1):96-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234787
Kim DJ; Lee SK; Oh YT; Shin CG; Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Kyunggido,; Korea.
The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) mediates insertion of viral DNA into human DNA, which is an essential step in the viral life cycle. In order to study minimal core domain in HIV-1 IN protein, we constructed nine deletion mutants by using PCR amplification. The constructs were expressed in


[Analysis of participation in surveys in 5 countries: the importance for public health research]
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2000 Apr;7(4):249-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306283
Peruga A; Leon EM; Child R; Cruz A; Hernandez M; Arredondo A; Hernandez C; Cuchi P; Zacarias F; Organizacion Panamericana de la Salud, Washington, DC, USA.
This study compares participation rates and reasons for nonresponse in surveys conducted in five countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. The objective of the surveys was to measure the prevalence of risk behaviors affecting the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. The surveys were based on probability s


HIV/AIDS and nutrition. Implications for disease management.
Nurs Case Manag. 2000 Mar-Apr;5(2):52-9; quiz 60-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313224
Keithley JK; Swanson B; Murphy M; Levin DF; Rush University College of Nursing, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.; jkeithley@rushu.rush.edu
As a result of major advances in treatment, persons with HIV/AIDS are living longer and requiring more care management. Effective management of HIV-infected patients with nutritional alterations can result in fewer secondary infections and hospital admissions, better clinical outcomes, and lower healthcare costs. In t


Effect of a syphilis control programme on pregnancy outcome in Nairobi, Kenya.
Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Apr;76(2):117-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316517
Temmerman M; Gichangi P; Fonck K; Apers L; Claeys P; Van Renterghem L; Kiragu D; Karanja G; Ndinya-Achola J; Bwayo J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ghent,; Belgium. marleen.temmerman@rug.ac.be
OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of a syphilis control programme of pregnant women on pregnancy outcome in Kenya . METHOD: Women who came to deliver to Pumwani Maternity Hospital (PMH) between April 1997 and March 1998 were tested for syphilis. Reactive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test


Pleural effusions in patients with AIDS.
Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Apr;76(2):122-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316518
Miller RF; Howling SJ; Reid AJ; Shaw PJ; Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Windeyer Institute; of Medical Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical; School, London. rmiller@gum.ucl.ac.uk
OBJECTIVE: To describe the range of pathology causing pleural effusions in HIV infected patients with acute respiratory episodes and to attempt to identify whether any associated radiological abnormalities enabled aetiological discrimination. METHODS: Prospective study of chest radiographs of 58 consecutive HIV infect


A phase I study of a novel potential intravaginal microbicide, PRO 2000, in healthy sexually inactive women.
Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Apr;76(2):126-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316519
Van Damme L; Wright A; Depraetere K; Rosenstein I; Vandersmissen V; Poulter L; McKinlay M; Van Dyck E; Weber J; Profy A; Laga M; Kitchen V; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.; lvandamme@itg.be
BACKGROUND: Although the male condom provides a reliable means of preventing HIV transmission, a broader choice of methods is required particularly in circumstances where the negotiation of condom use is difficult. Development of new products that may be effective as topical vaginal microbicides is the focus of a grea


Atrial myxoma and HIV infection [letter]
Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Apr;76(2):144. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316526
Shaw AJ; Mclean KA
Sexual partner reduction and HIV infection [letter]
Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Apr;76(2):145. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316529
Green EC; Conde A
Features of AIDS and AIDS defining diseases during the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era, compared with the pre-HAART period: a case control study [letter]
Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Apr;76(2):145-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316530
Manfredi R; Chiodo F
Syphilis in pregnancy.
Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Apr;76(2):73-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316510
Genc M; Ledger WJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of; Cornell University, New York, USA. mgenc@rcn.com
Syphilis can seriously complicate pregnancy and result in spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, non-immune hydrops, intrauterine growth restriction, and perinatal death, as well as serious sequelae in liveborn infected children. While appropriate treatment of pregnant women often prevents such complications, the major det


The repertoire of human efforts to avoid sexually transmissible diseases: past and present. Part 2: Strategies used during or after sex.
Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Apr;76(2):88-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316512
Donovan B; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, NSW, Australia.; donovanb@sesahs.nsw.gov.au
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Despite the focus by public health programmes on condoms, chastity, or monogamy, people use a much wider variety of strategies to minimize their personal risk of sexually transmissible disease (STD). The objective of this study was to compile a comprehensive list of personal and societal STD avoi


Simultaneous determination of the HIV protease inhibitors indinavir, amprenavir, saquinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz by high-performance liquid chromatography after solid-phase extraction.
J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 2000 Mar 31;740(1):43-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256151
Marzolini C; Telenti A; Buclin T; Biollaz J; Decosterd LA; Departement de Medecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
As part of an on-going study on the suitability of a formal therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antiviral drugs for improving the management of HIV infection, a high-performance liquid chromatography method has been developed to quantify simultaneously in plasma five HIV


[Knowledge and communication in public health. Evolution of scientific knowledge during the dramatic moment of blood contamination. 1--Debates concerning the origin and nature of AIDS]
Sante Publique. 2000 Mar;12(1):91-108. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308692
Gremy F
Testing surgical gowns for the "anticipated level of exposure".
J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2000 Apr;10(2):119-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252192
Belkin NL; NLB0414@juno.com
Although the use of the surgeon s gown dates back to the turn of the century, the need for it to be made of a liquid-repellent material was disclosed only in 1952. Because of the relatively poor performance of the products that were introduced early on, the entire textile industry--makers of nonwoven disposable and wo


Pregnant women and testing for HIV.
Pract Midwife. 1999 Sep;2(8):34-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188368
Nicoll A; Steele R; Mortimer P; Surveillance Unit, Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.
HIV screening and pregnancy. Testing is accurate [letter; comment]
Pract Midwife. 1999 Oct;2(9):32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188380
Mercey D; Gibb D
More doubt required [letter; comment]
Pract Midwife. 1999 Oct;2(9):33-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188381
Stewart GT
The force of law [editorial]
Pract Midwife. 1999 Oct;2(9):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188372
Rosser J
Ultrastructural and molecular characterization of Pneumocystis carinii isolated from a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).
Med Mycol. 2000 Feb;38(1):61-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20210324
Durand-Joly I; Wakefield AE; Palmer RJ; Denis CM; Creusy C; Fleurisse L; Ricard I; Gut JP; Dei-Cas E; Department of Microbiology of Ecosystems, Pasteur Institute of; Lille, France.
High levels of heterogeneity have been observed among isolates of Pneumocystis carinii derived from different mammalian host species. We report the characterization of P. carinii isolated from a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), which was immunosuppressed as a result of infection with a chimeric simian-human immunodefic


The usefulness of blood culture in diagnosing HIV-related systemic mycoses: evaluation of a manual lysis centrifugation method.
Med Mycol. 2000 Feb;38(1):77-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20210326
Bianchi M; Robles AM; Vitale R; Helou S; Arechavala A; Negroni R; Unidad Micologia, Hospital de Enfermedades Infecciosas Francisco; Javier Muniz, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The results of 5034 blood cultures, implementing a lysis-centrifugation method with saponin, are summarized in this paper. Three hundred and twenty-two blood samples (6.3%) obtained from a pool of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients yielded fungi. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated in 199 samples (3


Immunological profile of endemic and epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma patients in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Int J Mol Med. 1998 Jun;1(6):979-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99074515
Urassa WK; Kaaya EE; Kitinya JN; Lema LL; Amir H; Luande J; Biberfeld G; Mhalu FS; Biberfeld P; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University; College of Health Sciences, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) presents in four clinicopathological types namely classical/sporadic (CKS), endemic African (EKS), iatrogenic (IKS) and that associated with AIDS (AKS). Recently a putative herpes virus (HHV-8) was described and shown to be present in all four types of KS. The immunological status of patients wit


Molecular analysis of critical sequences within the EBNA-2 type 1 gene from Epstein-Barr virus isolates from patients with infectious mononucleosis, tonsillar hyperplasia, and HIV infection.
Int J Mol Med. 1998 Jun;1(6):983-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99074516
Al-Homsi AS; Berger C; van Baarle D; Kersten MJ; Klein MR; McQuain C; van Oers R; Knecht H; LINK Laboratories, Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts; Medical Center, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
EBNA-2 is the first protein to be detected after infection of primary B lymphocytes by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and plays an essential role as transcriptional activator in EBV-induced lymphocyte transformation. We analysed by PCR and sequencing regions of the EBNA-2 type 1 gene from isolates from 13 children with infe


Salmonella typhimurium-induced reactivation of latent HIV-1 in promonocytic U1 cells is inhibited by trovafloxacin.
Int J Mol Med. 2000 Jun;5(6):615-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20274291
Gollapudi S; Gupta S; Thadepalli H; Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Dept Medicine,; University of California Irvine 92697, USA.
We have previously reported that virulent Salmonella typhimurium induces replication of latent HIV-1 in U1 cells, via activation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production. In the present study, we show that Trovafloxacin, a new quinolone antibiotic, inhibits S. typhimurium-induced TNF-alpha production and


The pharmacokinetics of liposomal encapsulated daunorubicin are not modified by HAART in patients with HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2000;45(6):495-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20311199
Fumagalli L; Zucchetti M; Parisi I; Vigano MG; Zecca B; Careddu A; D'Incalci M; Lazzarin A; Department of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital,; Milan, Italy. luca.fumagalli@hsr.it
PURPOSE: To investigate the pharmacokinetics of liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome) administered alone or in combination with antiviral therapy including protease inhibitors (PI) to HIV-positive patients affected by Ka


Changes in circulating levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules following highly active antiretroviral treatment of HIV-1-infected patients.
Clin Immunol. 2000 Jun;95(3):212-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322497
Mastroianni CM; Lichtner M; Mengoni F; D'Agostino C; d'Ettorre G; Forcina G; Santopadre P; Massetti AP; Vullo V; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, La Sapienza; University, Rome, Italy.
Increased levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules (sCAM) have been reported in HIV-1 infection and may possibly contribute to altering the adhesion mechanisms of phagocytic cells. We evaluated the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on plasma levels of sL-selectin, sE-selectin, intercellular cell


Neurological characteristics of HIV-infected men and women seeking primary medical care.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99164258
Lopez OL; Wess J; Sanchez J; Dew MA; Becker JT; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of; Medicine, Neuropsychology Research Program, 3600 Forbes Avenue,; Suite 502, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
We examined the neurological differences between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men (n = 193) and women (n = 41) receiving primary medical care. There was no difference between men and women in the rate of HIV-related neurological syndromes (i.e. polyneuropathy, myelopathy, myopathy, HIV-


Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) RNA levels in HIV-related cognitive impairment.
Eur J Neurol. 1999 Nov;6(6):669-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20003098
Stankoff B; Calvez V; Suarez S; Bossi P; Rosenblum O; Conquy L; Turell E; Dubard T; Coutellier A; Baril L; Bricaire F; Lacomblez L; Lubetzki C; Federation de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier; Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels were prospectively measured by the Roche Amplicor Monitor polymerase chain reaction assay in 30 HIV-1 infected patients without central nervous system opportunistic infections. All participants completed a global neuropsychological battery consisting of Mattis Deme


Single cerebral Toxoplasma abscess: first manifestation of HIV infection [letter]
Eur J Neurol. 1999 Nov;6(6):725-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20003107
Vastagh I; Jelencsik I; Barsi P; Balint K; Szlavik J; Szirmai I
The path to the discoveries of human retroviruses.
J Hum Virol. 2000 Jan-Feb;3(1):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234834
Gallo RC; University of Maryland, Medical Biotechnology Center, University; of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, University of Maryland at; Baltimore, USA.
Paul Ehrlich, gifted with knowledge, vision, and the capacity to bring his discoveries to practice, shaped the destiny of many biomedical scientific disciplines, including immunology, chemotherapy, hematology, cytology, and cancer research. His perceptive concept of receptors and ligands binding together in highly spe


Interactions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase, tRNA primer, and nucleocapsid protein during reverse transcription.
J Hum Virol. 2000 Jan-Feb;3(1):16-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234836
Hsu M; Wainberg MA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University,; McGill University AIDS Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal,; Quebec, Canada.
An early step in the life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is the reverse transcription of the viral RNA genome into double-stranded DNA, which is subsequently translocated to the cell nucleus. It is then integrated into host DNA and serves as a template for viral gene expression. Reverse transcription is


Improved conditions for extraction and amplification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA from plasma samples with low viral load.
J Hum Virol. 2000 Jan-Feb;3(1):27-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234837
Villahermosa ML; Thomson M; Vazquez de Parga E; Cuevas MT; Contreras G; Perez-Alvarez L; Delgado E; Manjon N; Medrano L; Najera R; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Biologia; Fundamental, Area de Patogenia Viral, Madrid, Spain.
OBJECTIVES: We attempted to define optimal conditions for amplification of low copy number HIV-1 RNA sequences in plasma samples, applying improved conditions for nucleic acid extraction and amplification. METHODS: Several methodologic parameters were evaluated, including methods of RNA extraction, volumes of plasma s


Increased promoter diversity reveals a complex phylogeny of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C in India.
J Hum Virol. 2000 Jan-Feb;3(1):35-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF169789
Choudhury S; Montano MA; Womack C; Blackard JT; Maniar JK; Saple DG; Tripathy S; Sahni S; Shah S; Babu GP; Essex M; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School; of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence diversity among distinct populations within India and to determine the prevalent subtype. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Analysis of the 3 LTR was conducted from 28 HIV-1-positive samples:


CXCR4 and CCR5 expression on CD4+ T cells in vivo and HIV-1 antigen beta-chemokine production in vitro after treatment with HIV-1 immunogen (REMUNE).
J Hum Virol. 2000 Jan-Feb;3(1):44-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234839
Moss RB; Giermakowska WK; Diveley JP; Savary JR; Wallace MR; Maigetter RZ; Jensen FC; Carlo DJ; The Immune Response Corporation, Carlsbad, California 92008, USA.; shotdoc@imnr.com
BACKGROUND: The chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR5 have been identified as the major coreceptors for HIV-1 on CD4+ cells and macrophages. The natural ligands for these receptors are SDF-1 and the beta-chemokines (MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, RANTES), respectively, and are the products of a variety of immune cells, including


Inhibition of HIV-1 replication and infectivity by expression of a fusion protein, VPR-anti-integrase single-chain variable fragment (SFv): intravirion molecular therapies.
J Hum Virol. 2000 Jan-Feb;3(1):6-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234835
BouHamdan M; Kulkosky J; Duan LX; Pomerantz RJ; Center for Human Virology, Department of Medicine, Jefferson; Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To deliver antiretroviral agents or other foreign proteins into progeny virions and evaluate their inhibitory effect on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: HIV-1 encodes proteins in addition to gag, pol, and env, some of which are packaged into virus particles. On


Altered Th1/Th2 commitment in human CD4+ T cells with ageing.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 May;120(2):267-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253008
Sakata-Kaneko S; Wakatsuki Y; Matsunaga Y; Usui T; Kita T; Department of Clinical Bio-regulatory Science, Graduate School of; Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
The human immune system undergoes continuous remodelling with the advancement of age. Since age-associated functional alterations in the immune system could be caused by a possible change in helper T cell regulation in elderly subjects, we comparatively studied the function of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood obtained


Frequent reversible membrane damage in peripheral blood B cells in human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP).
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 May;120(2):307-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253014
Furukawa Y; Bangham CR; Taylor GP; Weber JN; Osame M; Department of Immunology, Imperial College School of Medicine at; St Mary's, London, UK.
Apoptosis in peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in HTLV-I-infected people in vivo was examined, to study the lymphocyte dynamics in HTLV-I infection. Freshly isolated lymphocytes from 10 non-infected healthy people, eight asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers and 15 patients with HAM/TSP were stained with FITC-labelled an


Hydroxyurea inhibits the transactivation of the HIV-long-terminal repeat (LTR) promoter.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 May;120(2):317-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253015
Calzado MA; MacHo A; Lucena C; Munoz E; Departamento de Biologia Celular, Fisiologia e Inmunologia,; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
HIV-1 gene expression is regulated by the promoter/enhancer located within the U3 region of the proviral 5 LTR that contains multiple potential cis-acting regulatory sites. Here we describe that the inhibitor of the cellular ribonucleoside reductase, hydroxyurea (HU), inhibited phorbol myristate acetate- or tumour ne


Decreased CD95 expression on naive T cells from HIV-infected persons undergoing highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and the influence of IL-2 low dose administration. Irhan Study Group.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 May;120(2):324-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253016
Amendola A; Poccia F; Martini F; Gioia C; Galati V; Pierdominici M; Marziali M; Pandolfi F; Colizzi V; Piacentini M; Girardi E; D'offizi G; Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Cellular Biology, Institute; for Infectious Diseases 'L. Spallanzani' I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy.
The functional recovery of the immune system in HIV-infected persons receiving HAART and the role of adjuvant immune therapy are still matters of intensive investigation. We analysed the effects of HAART combined with cytokines in 22 naive asymptomatic individuals, randomized to receive HAART (n = 6), HAART plus a low


Immunosuppressant effect of gold on IgG subclasses and IgE; evidence for sparing of Th2 responses.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 May;120(2):369-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253023
Kiely PD; Helbert MR; Miles J; Oliveira DB; Departments of Rheumatology, Immunology and Renal Medicine, St; George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.; patrick.kiely@ccmail.stgh-tr.sthames.nhs.uk
We set out to examine the effect of gold treatment on the Th2-dependent antibodies IgG4 and IgE in relation to other IgG subclasses in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eighty-five gold-treated RA patients and 82 RA controls were studied. Serum IgG subclass concentrations were measured by ELISA, IgE was measure


Human T cells with a type-2 cytokine profile are resistant to apoptosis induced by primary activation: consequences for immunopathogenesis.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Jun;120(3):454-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304599
Carbonari M; Tedesco T; Del Porto P; Paganelli R; Fiorilli M; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Rome 'La; Sapienza', Rome, Italy.
The mechanisms leading to a relative dominance of T cells producing type 2 cytokines in certain human immune disorders are still unclear. We investigated the relative susceptibility to apoptosis induced by primary in vitro activation of human type 1 (producing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)) or type 2 (producing IL-4) T


Elevated serum concentrations of soluble CD14 in HIV- and HIV+ patients with tuberculosis in Africa: prolonged elevation during anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Jun;120(3):483-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304603
Lawn SD; Labeta MO; Arias M; Acheampong JW; Griffin GE; Division of Communicable Diseases, St George's Hospital Medical; School, London, UK. dil3@cdc.gov
Data are limited regarding serum concentrations of soluble CD14 (sCD14), a marker of macrophage activation, in patients with active tuberculosis (TB) and during drug treatment. In this study, concentrations of sCD14 were measured in serum samples obtained from 105 African subjects who were categorized into one of four


Up-regulation of human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) tax/rex mRNA in infected lung tissues.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Jun;120(3):488-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304604
Seki M; Higashiyama Y; Mizokami A; Kadota J; Moriuchi R; Kohno S; Suzuki Y; Takahashi K; Gojobori T; Katamine S; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University; School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan.
HTLV-1 has been implicated in certain pulmonary diseases. We previously demonstrated that expression of HTLV-1 tax/rex mRNA, encoding the transcriptional transactivator Tax, was closely associated with infiltration of activated T lymphocytes into lung tissue. To explore mechanisms of tax/rex expression in the lung, ta


Suppression of ongoing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats: synergistic effects of myelin basic protein (MBP) peptide 68-86 and IL-4.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Jun;120(3):526-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304609
Xu LY; Huang YM; Yang JS; Van Der Meide PH; Link H; Xiao BG; Units of Experimental Neurobiology and Neuroimmunology, Division; of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Mucosal myelin autoantigen administration effectively prevented EAE, but mostly failed to treat ongoing EAE. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), for which EAE is considered an animal model, did not benefit from oral treatment with bovine myelin. We anticipated that autoantigen, administered together with a cytokine


CD8+ cells suppress oil-induced arthritis.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Jun;120(3):532-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304610
Jansson AM; Lorentzen JC; Bucht A; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska; Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. asa.jansson@cmm.ki.se
Oil-induced arthritis is a genetically restricted polyarthritis that develops in the DA rat after injection of the mineral oil Freund s incomplete adjuvant. Here, we investigated the role of the potentially disease-limiting cell populations CD8+ T cells, gammadelta T cells, natural killer (NK) cells and NK T cells in


Antiangiogenic, antitumoural and antimetastatic effects of two distamycin A derivatives with anti-HIV-1 Tat activity in a Kaposi's sarcoma-like murine model.
Clin Exp Metastasis. 1999;17(7):575-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20302179
Possati L; Campioni D; Sola F; Leone L; Ferrante L; Trabanelli C; Ciomei M; Montesi M; Rocchetti R; Talevi S; Bompadre S; Caputo A; Barbanti-Brodano G; Corallini A; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ancona, Italy.; possati@popcsi.unian.it
The antiangiogenic, antitumoural and antimetastatic effects of two novel sulphonic derivatives of distamycin A, PNU145156E and PNU153429, were studied in a Kaposi s sarcoma-like tumour model obtained by injecting nude mice with cells releasing extracellular HIV-Tat protein, derived from a tumour which developed in a B


HIV/AIDS case management: views from the frontline.
Care Manag J. 1999 Winter;1(1):19-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20295500
Chernesky RH; Grube B; Fordham University Graduate School of Social Service, New York,; NY 10023, USA.
Case management has been a critical component of services to vulnerable populations for the past 20 years, and the knowledge base has been constantly evolving. This article offers an additional dimension to the study of case management practice by providing an opportunity for perceptions of case managers, heretofore r


Synthetic thymic fraction 5: effects of high dose administration on circulating lymphocytes in patients.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1996 Apr;11(2):105-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310075
Cartei G; Sava G; Salerno G; Bergamo A; Cartei F; Sanzari M; Sala PG; Vigevani E; Tabaro G; Clocchiatti L; Medical Oncology Division, General Hospital, Udine, Italy.
The synthetic pentapeptide (Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr; TP-5) corresponding to the active site of the hormone thymopoietin, was given at the dose of 300 mg/m2/day (1 day), higher than the usually administered, to a group of 27 immunodepressed patients in order to determine the tolerability and the immunomodulatory activity.


Necessity of biotherapeutic treatments inducing TH1 cell functions in colorectal cancer.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1996 Dec;11(6):373-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310047
Contasta I; Pellegrini P; Berghella AM; Del Beato T; Canossi A; Di Rocco M; Adorno D; Casciani CU; Istituto CNR di Tipizzazione Tissutale e Problemi della Dialisi,; L'Aquila, Italia.
Our previous data on colorectal cancer suggest that there are faults at the level of mechanisms of the proliferative responses of patients peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-2 PBMC production, which increase with the stage advanc


Antitumor vaccination with gene-transduced tumor cells expressing a fusion protein RM4/IFN-tau.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1997 Apr;12(2):123-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310005
Xiang J; Saskatoon Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology, College of; Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
Our previous studies showed that secretion of a fusion protein RM4/IFN-tau from a mouse myeloma cell line VKCK/RM4-IFN-tau curtailed its tumorigenicity. Inoculation of VKCK/RM4-IFN-tau tumor cells further induced a protective immunity against a secondary challenge of parental VKCK tumor cells, in which the predominant


Theoretical benefits of mitogen applications for HIV-1 infections.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1997 Jun;12(3):213-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310016
Wimer BM; Morris RE; JBMW Immunotherapeutics, Albuquerque, NM 87123-4255, USA.; jbmwimer@connectix.net
Ideal treatment of HIV-1 infections should include an agent that can reverse the capacity of the virus to evade destruction by hiding in sanctuaries and by frequently mutating the epitopes it displays. The rapid proliferation of virions during the years of symptomatic quiescence obligates rapid replacement of CD4+ lym


The patient who could not be discharged. How far should patient autonomy extend?
JONAS Healthc Law Ethics Regul. 1999 Dec;1(4):23-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278810
Bosek MS; Burton LA; Savage TA; Rush University College of Nursing, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
A male patient was admitted to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) unit for hemodialysis. His history revealed that he was homeless and that he had tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+). He also had a history of alcohol and intravenous drug abuse and tuberculosis. Based on the results of a


[Breast tuberculosis--a case report]
Pneumologia. 1999 Oct-Dec;48(4):313-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313412
Pop M; Zaharie T; Fabian A; Fabian A; Man M; Clinica Pneumoftiziologica Leon Daniello, Cluj-Napoca.
The authors report a case of breast tuberculosis in a 58-year-old patient in which the diagnosis was made with difficulty, initially the case being interpreted as a neoplastic process. This diagnosis should be considered in such cases. In our area, in the present tuberculosis endemic, the cases of tuberculosis with ex


A flow cytometric method for measuring neutralization of HIV-1 subtype B and E primary isolates.
Cytometry. 2000 Jun 1;40(2):141-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265887
Darden JM; Polonis VR; deSouza MS; Chantakulkij S; Brown AE; Birx DL; Pattanapanyasat K; Office for Research and Development, Center of Excellence for; Flow Cytometry, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok,; Thailand.
BACKGROUND: Clinical trials testing candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines have required the use of HIV neutralization assays to detect responses to specific geographic subtypes of HIV-1. The variability in results seen with current p24 neutralization assay endpoints prompted us to assess the u


Ketorolac improves recovery after outpatient anorectal surgery.
Dis Colon Rectum. 2000 Jun;43(6):804-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315613
Place RJ; Coloma M; White PF; Huber PJ; Van Vlymen J; Simmang CL; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern School of; Medicine, Dallas, USA.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ketorolac combined with local anesthetics for anorectal surgery. METHODS: From June 1998 through March 1999, 123 outpatients undergoing anorectal surgery were entered into a prospective, randomized, double-blinded study involving three treatment g


Cocaine use and HIV risk in out of treatment drug abusers.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Mar 1;58(3):215-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220781
Compton WM; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of; Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA. compton@epi.wustl.edu
During the initial phases of the HIV epidemic, epidemiological and prevention initiatives included a necessary focus on injection drug use which targeted, for the most part, heroin injectors. More recently, cocaine users have become a central focus for many HIV prevention interventions. This illustrates how researcher


Sex related HIV risk behaviors: differential risks among injection drug users, crack smokers, and injection drug users who smoke crack.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Mar 1;58(3):219-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220782
Booth RE; Kwiatkowski CF; Chitwood DD; Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of; Medicine, Denver 80211, USA.
This study was designed to assess differences in sex-related risk behaviors between drug injectors who did not smoke crack cocaine, crack smokers who did not inject drugs, and drug users who both injected drugs and smoked crack. Current drug users (i.e. used within the past 30 days) from 22 cities were recruited and a


Frequency and intensity of crack use as predictors of women's involvement in HIV-related sexual risk behaviors.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Mar 1;58(3):227-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220783
Hoffman JA; Klein H; Eber M; Crosby H; Project Neighborhoods In Action, Friends Research Institute DC,; Washington 20910, USA.
Recent trends in the progression of the AIDS epidemic in the United States indicate that women s rates of acquiring HIV are escalating more rapidly than are men s. Consequently, there has been both an increasing interest in and a need for research targeting substance-abusing women s in


Sexual and drug use behaviors among female crack users: a multi-site sample.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Mar 1;58(3):237-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220784
Logan TK; Leukefeld C; Department of Psychiatry, Center on Drug and Alcohol Research,; University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506, USA. tklogan@pop.uky.edu
The purpose of this paper was to compare female crack users who report exchanging sex for drugs and/or money with female crack users who did not report exchanging sex for drugs and/or money. A multi-site sample of (n = 4667) female crack users who participated in the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) AIDS Cooper


The effects of psychiatric comorbidity on response to an HIV prevention intervention.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Mar 1;58(3):247-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220785
Compton WM; Cottler LB; Ben-Abdallah A; Cunningham-Williams R; Spitznagel EL; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of; Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Drug abusers with psychiatric comorbidity are at high risk for becoming exposed to HIV. To address this compelling public health issue, our randomized HIV prevention study compares the effectiveness of the NIDA standard HIV testing and counseling protocol to a four session, peer-delivered, educational intervention for


Patterns of HIV risk and alcohol use among African-American crack abusers.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Mar 1;58(3):259-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220786
Rasch RF; Weisen CA; MacDonald B; Wechsberg WM; Perritt R; Dennis ML; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Nursing,; 27599, USA.
Although the association between heavy alcohol use and HIV risk has been studied in treatment populations, we know little about patterns of alcohol use and HIV risk among out-of-treatment African-American drug users. This study examines the extent to which alcohol use affects HIV risk in a sample of 495 African-Americ


Indigence, marginalization and HIV infection among Brazilian cocaine users.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220787 P
Balancing the risks and benefits of drinking water disinfection: disability adjusted life-years on the scale.
Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Apr;108(4):315-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216890
Havelaar AH; De Hollander AE; Teunis PF; Evers EG; Van Kranen HJ; Versteegh JF; Van Koten JE; Slob W; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM),; Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Arie.Havelaar@rivm.nl
To evaluate the applicability of disability adjusted life-years (DALYs) as a measure to compare positive and negative health effects of drinking water disinfection, we conducted a case study involving a hypothetical drinking water supply from surface water. This drinking water supply is typical in The


Decreased antioxidant defence in individuals infected by the human immunodeficiency virus.
Eur J Clin Invest. 2000 May;30(5):454-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20270010
Treitinger A; Spada C; Verdi JC; Miranda AF; Oliveira OV; Silveira MV; Moriel P; Abdalla DS; Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil.
BACKGROUND: The oxidative stress associated with HIV infection may be important for the progression of the disease because reactive oxygen species activate the nuclear transcription factor NF-kappaB, which is obligatory for HIV replication. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dis


Interactions of CCR5 and CXCR4 with CD4 and gp120 in human blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
Exp Mol Pathol. 2000 Jun;68(3):133-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278050
Xiao X; Kinter A; Broder CC; Dimitrov DS; Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biology, NCI-FCRDC,; NIH, Frederick, Maryland, 21702-1201, USA.
Dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages play an important role in the generation of immune responses and transmission of HIV infection. It has been recently found that, in the presence of gp120, CD4 can be efficiently coimmunoprecipitated by anti-CXCR4 antibodies from lymphocytes and monocytes but not from blood monocyte


Inefficient formation of a complex among CXCR4, CD4 and gp120 in U937 clones resistant to X4 gp120-gp41-mediated fusion.
Exp Mol Pathol. 2000 Jun;68(3):139-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278051
Xiao X; Norwood D; Feng YR; Moriuchi M; Jones-Trower A; Stantchev TS; Moriuchi H; Broder CC; Dimitrov DS; Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biology, NCI-FCRDC,; NIH, Frederick, Maryland, 21702-1201, USA.
Certain subclones (designated as minus clones) of the promonocytic U937 cell line do not support efficient infection and fusion mediated by T cell line adapted (TCLA) X4 HIV-1 gp120-gp41 (Env) although the CXCR4 and CD4 concentrations at their surfaces are similar to those at the surfaces of clones susceptible to HIV-


Immunological markers in HIV-infected pregnant and non-pregnant women.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231671
Vimercati A; Greco P; Lopalco PL; Loverro G; Fiore JR; Bettocchi S; Angarano G; Selvaggi L; Istituto di II Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica-Univ. di Bari,; Policlinico-11, Piazza Giulio Cesare 70124-, Bari, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of pregnancy on the course of HIV infection by comparing the behaviour of total lymphocyte counts and lymphocyte subsets (CD4(+) and CD8(+) and their ratio) in a cohort of infected pregnant women. Setting: Tertiary referral centre for high risk obstetrics and infectious diseases in p


Maternal complications after caesarean section in HIV infected women.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2000 May;90(1):73-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231677
Vimercati A; Greco P; Loverro G; Lopalco PL; Pansini V; Selvaggi L; Istituto di II Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica-Univ. di Bari,; Policlinico-11, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 70124-, Bari, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the intervention related risk in HIV-infected women, undergoing caesarean section (CS). SETTING: Tertiary care center for high risk obstetrics and infectious diseases in pregnancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three HIV-positive women and one hundred and sixty-eight controls, cross matched for age


Alterations in the immune system of patients with imminent preterm labour.
Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2000;49(2):110-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20138090
Oleszczuk J; Darmochwal-Kolarz D; Leszczynska-Gorzelak B; Rolinski J; Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, University School of; Medicine, Lublin, Poland. pregnan2eskulap.am.lublin.pl
Premature labour is the major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aetiology of most cases of preterm labour remains unknown. We tried to estimate whether immunological changes are present in patients with preterm labour. Fourteen patients with imminent preterm labour and 12 healthy women with uncomplicated


Development and therapeutic effect of adoptively transferred T cells primed by tumor lysate-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in a patient with metastatic endometrial cancer.
Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2000;49(3):194-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20195618
Santin AD; Hermonat PL; Ravaggi A; Bellone S; Cowan C; Coke C; Pecorelli S; Cannon MJ; Parham GP; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic; Oncology, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Ark., USA.
We describe a 65-year-old woman with a large surgically unresectable and chemoresistant liver metastasis of endometrial carcinoma who was treated by infusion with peripheral blood T cells stimulated with tumor lysate-pulsed autologous dendritic cells (DC). Extensive in vitro characterization of the DC-activated T cell


Cyclic oscillations of neutrophils, monocytes, and CD8-positive lymphocytes in a healthy subject [letter]
Haematologica. 2000 Apr;85(4):447-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20223350
Carulli G; Marini A; Azzara A; Vanacore R; Petrini M
The role of LFA-1, Mac-1, ICAM-1 and Ia in the induction of Th-2 type of immune response in spleen during murine syngeneic pregnancy.
Indian J Biochem Biophys. 1999 Dec;36(6):405-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20303413
Hegde UC; Nainan R; Institute for Research in Reproduction, Parel, Mumbai, India.; libirr@icmrirr.bom.nic.in
Murine syngeneic pregnancy is characterized by the transient splenomegaly at mid gestation. Recent studies from our laboratory have indicated the initiation of T-cell dependent B-cell response in the spleen during early pregnancy (Hegde and Nainan 1998). Present studies were carried out to understand the role of cell


Priming with Chlamydia trachomatis major outer membrane protein (MOMP) DNA followed by MOMP ISCOM boosting enhances protection and is associated with increased immunoglobulin A and Th1 cellular immune responses.
Infect Immun. 2000 Jun;68(6):3074-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278080
Dong-Ji Z; Yang X; Shen C; Lu H; Murdin A; Brunham RC; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E OW3.
We previously reported that DNA vaccination was able to elicit cellular immune responses and partial protection against Chlamydia trachomatis infection. However, DNA immunization alone did not generate immune responses or protection as great as that induced by using live organisms. In this study, we evaluated the immu


Extending the CD4(+) T-cell epitope specificity of the Th1 immune response to an antigen using a Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium delivery vehicle.
Infect Immun. 2000 Jun;68(6):3079-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278081
Lo-Man R; Langeveld JP; Deriaud E; Jehanno M; Rojas M; Clement JM; Meloen RH; Hofnung M; Leclerc C; Unite de Biologie des Regulations Immunitaires, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France. rloman@pasteur.fr
We analyzed the CD4 T-cell immunodominance of the response to a model antigen (Ag), MalE, when delivered by an attenuated strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (SL3261*pMalE). Compared to purified MalE Ag administered with adjuvant, the mapping of the peptide-specific proliferative responses showed qualita


Identification and characterization of murine cytotoxic T cells that kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278106
Silva CL; Lowrie DB
As we seek to develop and evaluate new vaccines against tuberculosis, it is desirable that we understand the mechanisms of protective immunity in our models. Adoptive transfer of protection with hsp65-specific T-cell clones from infected or vaccinated mice into naive mice had indicated that cytotoxic T cells can make


Brucella abortus strain RB51 as a vector for heterologous protein expression and induction of specific Th1 type immune responses.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278110
Vemulapalli R; He Y; Boyle SM; Sriranganathan N; Schurig GG
Brucella abortus strain RB51 is a stable, rough, attenuated mutant widely used as a live vaccine for bovine brucellosis. Our ultimate goal is to develop strain RB51 as a preferential vector


Investigation into the mechanism of gamma interferon-mediated inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii in murine astrocytes.
Infect Immun. 2000 Jun;68(6):3426-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278128
Halonen SK; Weiss LM; Department of Natural Sciences, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, New; York 10522, USA.
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is a common opportunistic pathogen of the central nervous system in AIDS patients. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) alone or in combination with interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, or tumor necrosis factor alpha significantly inhibits the growth of T. gondii in murine a


Gram-positive bacteria are potent inducers of monocytic interleukin-12 (IL-12) while gram-negative bacteria preferentially stimulate IL-10 production.
Infect Immun. 2000 Jun;68(6):3581-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278149
Hessle C; Andersson B; Wold AE; Department of Clinical Immunology, Goteborg University, SE-413; 46 Goteborg, Sweden. christina.hessle@immuno.gu.se
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 are two cytokines secreted by monocytes/macrophages in response to bacterial products which have largely opposite effects on the immune system. IL-12 activates cytotoxicity and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) secretion by T cells and NK cells, whereas IL-10 inhibits these functions. In th


Gamma interferon is essential for clearing Mycobacterium genavense infection.
Infect Immun. 2000 Jun;68(6):3720-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278168
Ehlers S; Richter E; Division of Molecular Infection Biology, Research Center Borstel,; D-23845 Borstel, Germany. sehlers@fz-borstel.de
Factors determining the in vivo replication of the opportunistic pathogen Mycobacterium genavense are largely unknown. Following intravenous injection of a patient isolate, M. genavense could not be recovered by culture or detected by PCR in the livers or spleens of infected BALB/c mice. In contrast, M. genavense was


Tuberculosis in an area bordering east London: significant local variations when compared to national data.
Infection. 2000 Mar-Apr;28(2):103-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244253
Melzer M; Storring RA; Bagg LR; Dept. of Microbiology, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.; mark.melzer@gstt.sthames.nhs.uk
From September 1996 to June 1997, in an area bordering East London, we prospectively collected epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data on all patients with newly diagnosed culture-positive tuberculosis and compared these to national data based on notifications. The significant differences were that tubercul


Neurocognitive disorders seen in HIV disease.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2000 Jan-Feb;21(1):51-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297544
Ungvarski PJ; Trzcianowska H; Visiting Nurse Service of New York, New York 10001, USA.; PUNGVARS@mail1.VNSNY.org
Despite dramatic improvements in the therapeutic management of clients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, cognitive disorders still appear as clinical manifestations of the illness trajectory. The development of neuro-cognitive impairment is associated with high levels of HIV activity and the resultant s


Access of vulnerable groups to antiretroviral therapy among persons in care for HIV disease in the United States. HCSUS Consortium. HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study.
Health Serv Res. 2000 Jun;35(2):389-416. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313605
Andersen R; Bozzette S; Shapiro M; St. Clair P; Morton S; Crystal S; Goldman D; Wenger N; Gifford A; Leibowitz A; Asch S; Berry S; Nakazono T; Heslin K; Cunningham W; Department of Health Services, University of California at Los; Angeles 90095-1772, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To employ the behavioral model of health services use in examining the extent to which predisposing, enabling, and need factors explain the treatment of the HIV-positive population in the United States with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). DATA SOURCE: A nationa


A rat model for human T lymphocyte virus type I-associated myeloneuropathy. down-regulation of bcl-2 expression and increase in sensitivity to TNF-alpha of the spinal oligodendrocytes.
J Neuroimmunol. 2000 Jul 1;106(1-2):105-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275727
Jiang X; Ikeda H; Tomaru U; Morita K; Tanaka Y; Yoshiki T; Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine,; Kita-ku, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Sapporo, Japan.
We reported that the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) expression and apoptotic death of oligodendrocytes appeared to be a major pathogenesis of the demyelination of spinal cords of Wistar-King-Aptekman-Hokudai (WKAH) rats with human T lymphocyte virus type I (HTLV-I) infection, HAM rats. In the present study, w


CD8(+) T cells from Theiler's virus-resistant BALB/cByJ mice downregulate pathogenic virus-specific CD4(+) T cells.
J Neuroimmunol. 2000 Jul 1;106(1-2):43-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275720
Haynes LM; Vanderlugt CL; Dal Canto MC; Melvold RW; Miller SD; Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University; Medical School, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Theiler s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is a picornavirus which induces an immune-mediated demyelinating disease in susceptible strains of mice and serves as a relevant animal model for multiple sclerosis. Treatment with low dose irradiation prior to infection with the BeAn strain of TMEV renders the genetical


Role of astrocytes in antigen presentation and naive T-cell activation.
J Neuroimmunol. 2000 Jul 1;106(1-2):69-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275723
Cornet A; Bettelli E; Oukka M; Cambouris C; Avellana-Adalid V; Kosmatopoulos K; Liblau RS; INSERM U 267, Paul Brousse Hospital, 14 avenue Paul; Vaillant-Couturier, 94807, Villejuif, France.
Astrocytes may have a role in antigen presentation in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) such as MS and EAE. In this study, we have assessed whether purified astrocyte cultures could stimulate naive CD4(+) or CD8(+) T-cells from TCR transgenic mice. As previously described, astrocytes sustained


A controlled study of relative periodontal attachment loss in people with HIV infection.
J Clin Periodontol. 2000 Apr;27(4):273-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244428
Robinson PG; Boulter A; Birnbaum W; Johnson NW; Guy's, King's and St. Thomas's Dental Institute, King's College; London.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the progression of periodontal destruction in people with and without HIV. METHOD: Relative attachment loss on 6 index teeth was compared between 19 people with HIV and 17 people without HIV infection over 12 and 18 month follow ups. RESULTS: The proportions of sites with 1, 2 or 3 mm of relative


Mirtazapine for depression in patients with human immunodeficiency virus [letter]
J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2000 Apr;20(2):265-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231238
Elliott AJ; Roy-Byrne PP
A retrospective survey of mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV infection in Malaysia: analysis of 182 cases.
J Dermatol. 2000 Apr;27(4):225-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20284499
Jing W; Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai Medical College, China.
A retrospective analysis of 182 HIV positive Malaysians was done in two centers, the University Hospital Kuala Lumpur (UHKL) and the General Hospital Kuala Lumpur (GHKL) from March 1997 to February 1998. Demographic and clinical data were analyzed. The analysis showed that 130 out of 182 patients had mucocutaneous dis


A case of adult T-cell lymphoma leukemia with hemophagocytic syndrome.
J Dermatol. 2000 Apr;27(4):280-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20284509
Inoue Y; Johno M; Matuoka M; Zushou Y; Ono T; Department of Dermatology, Kumamoto University School of; Medicine, Japan.
A 62-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to our clinic with virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) in subcutaneous adult T-cell lymphoma leukemia (ATLL). Bone marrow aspiration showed hypocellularity, histiocytic hyperplasia, and hemophagocytosis. There was serological evidence of chronic


HIV infection in Varanasi.
J Commun Dis. 1999 Jun;31(2):117-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20270896
Gulati AK; Nath G; Department of Microbiology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi,; India.
A total of 6038 serum samples collected from individuals staying/residing in the eastern part of northern India , were screened for antibodies against HIV. The screening was done by ELISA and followed by confirmation of reactive samples by Western Blot. The seropositivity was detecte


A new focus of visceral leishmaniasis in sub-Himalayan (Kumaon) region of northern India.
J Commun Dis. 1999 Jun;31(2):73-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20270890
Singh S; Biswas A; Wig N; Aggarwal P; Sood R; Wali JP; Department of Laboratory Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
A localised focus of visceral leishmaniasis is reported for the first time from Kumaon region of North India . During a period of 18 months from July 1997 to December 1998 several cases of pyrexia of unknown origin with unresponsiveness to antibiotics and anti-tubercular treatments w


Development of neonatal Th1/Th2 function.
Int Rev Immunol. 2000;19(2-3):157-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224777
Adkins B; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami; Medical School, FL 33136, USA. radkins@mednet.med.miami.edu
Newborn animals generally mount poor T cell-mediated immune responses in vivo. As a result, neonates fall prey to infectious agents and diseases which have little impact on immunocompetent adult animals. For some time, it was believed that this phenomenon was due to an intrinsic inability of newborns to mount developm


A national survey of disinfection techniques for flexible nasendoscopes in UK ENT out-patient departments.
J Laryngol Otol. 2000 Mar;114(3):202-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287918
Banfield GK; Hinton AE; Department of Otolaryngology, St George's Hospital, London, UK.
Flexible fibre-optic nasendoscopes have become a ubiquitous ENT out-patient tool for the inspection of the nasopharynx, larynx and hypopharynx. Disinfection of the instrument between patient use is important to prevent potential spread of infection but the methods used vary considerably. We designed a questionnaire wh


Mololipids, a new series of anti-HIV bromotyramine-derived compounds from a sponge of the order verongida.
J Nat Prod. 2000 Apr;63(4):501-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20249184
Ross SA; Weete JD; Schinazi RF; Wirtz SS; Tharnish P; Scheuer PJ; Hamann MT; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, USA.
A new series of lipids called mololipids have been identified from an Hawaiian sponge of the order Verongida. The structures of these lipids was deduced from spectroscopic data of the lipid mixture combined with GC-MS analysis. The core of this novel series of lipids is a bromotyramine homoserine-derived moiety known


HIV-inhibitory cembrane derivatives from a Philippines collection of the soft coral Lobophytum species.
J Nat Prod. 2000 Apr;63(4):531-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20249194
Rashid MA; Gustafson KR; Boyd MR; Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development,; Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment; and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer; Research and Development Center, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
Bioassay-guided fractionation of an aqueous extract of a Philippine Islands collection of the soft coralLobophytum sp. concentrated its HIV-inhibitory activity into fractions rich in cembranoid diterpenes. Lobohedleolide (1), (7Z)-lobohedleolide (2), and a new compound, 17-dimethylaminolobohedleolide (3), were purifie


Devic's neuromyelitis optica and HIV-1 infection [letter]
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2000 Jun;68(6):795-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20326443
Blanche P; Diaz E; Gombert B; Sicard D; Rivoal O; Brezin A
Cobalamin level is related to self-reported and clinically rated mood and to syndromal depression in bereaved HIV-1(+) and HIV-1(-) homosexual men.
J Psychosom Res. 2000 Feb;48(2):177-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20185634
Baldewicz TT; Goodkin K; Blaney NT; Shor-Posner G; Kumar M; Wilkie FL; Baum MK; Eisdorfer C; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University; Medical Center, PO Box 3119, Durham, NC 27710, USA.; balde002@mc.duke.edu
OBJECTIVE: An examination of the relationship of plasma cobalamin (vitamin B(12)) level to overall psychological distress, specific mood states, and major depressive disorder was conducted in 159 bereaved men (90 HIV-1(+) and 69 HIV-1(-)). METHODS: The relationship of a continuous measure of cobalamin level to psychol


Synthesis and evaluation of "AZT-HEPT", "AZT-pyridinone", and "ddC-HEPT" conjugates as inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase.
J Med Chem. 2000 May 18;43(10):1927-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281725
Pontikis R; Dolle V; Guillaumel J; Dechaux E; Note R; Nguyen CH; Legraverend M; Bisagni E; Aubertin AM; Grierson DS; Monneret C; UMR 176 CNRS/Institut Curie, Section de Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm,; F-75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.
To test the concept that HIV reverse transcriptase could be effectively inhibited by mixed site inhibitors , a series of seven conjugates containing both a nucleoside analogue component ( AZT 1,


Modeling of the inhibition of retroviral integrases by styrylquinoline derivatives.
J Med Chem. 2000 May 18;43(10):1949-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281727
Ouali M; Laboulais C; Leh H; Gill D; Desmaele D; Mekouar K; Zouhiri F; d'Angelo J; Auclair C; Mouscadet JF; Le Bret M; Laboratoire de Physicochimie et de Pharmacologie des; Macromolecules Biologiques, CNRS UMR 8532, LBPA, Ecole Normale; Superieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du President Wilson, 94235; Cachan, France.
Styrylquinoline derivatives, known to be potent inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase, have been experimentally tested for their inhibitory effect on the disintegration reaction catalyzed by catalytic cores of HIV-1 and Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) integrases. A modified docking protocol, consisting of coupling a grid search meth


Biosensor analysis of the interaction between immobilized human serum albumin and drug compounds for prediction of human serum albumin binding levels.
J Med Chem. 2000 May 18;43(10):1986-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281731
Frostell-Karlsson A; Remaeus A; Roos H; Andersson K; Borg P; Hamalainen M; Karlsson R; Biacore AB, Rapsgatan 7, S-754 50 Uppsala, Sweden.; asa.frostellkarlsson@biacore.com
The interactions between a set of drugs, selected on the basis of reported human serum albumin (HSA) binding levels, and immobilized HSA were investigated using surface plasmon resonance technology. Major HSA binding sites were available after immobilization. The intensity of the signal obtained from the interaction o


Inhibition of clinically relevant mutant variants of HIV-1 by quinazolinone non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
J Med Chem. 2000 May 18;43(10):2019-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281734
Corbett JW; Ko SS; Rodgers JD; Gearhart LA; Magnus NA; Bacheler LT; Diamond S; Jeffrey S; Klabe RM; Cordova BC; Garber S; Logue K; Trainor GL; Anderson PS; Erickson-Viitanen SK; DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Experimental Station, Wilmington,; Delaware 19880-0500, USA. jeffrey.w.corbett@dupontpharma.com
A series of 4-alkenyl and 4-alkynyl-3, 4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-(1H)-quinazolinones were found to be potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). The 4-alkenyl-3, 4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-(1H)-quinazolinones DPC 082 and DPC 083 and the 4-


A new class of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors: the 3,3,3', 3'-tetramethyl-1,1'-spirobi(indan)-5,5',6,6'-tetrol family.
J Med Chem. 2000 May 18;43(10):2031-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281735
Molteni V; Rhodes D; Rubins K; Hansen M; Bushman FD; Siegel JS; Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla, California 92093-0358, USA.
Integration is a required step in HIV replication, but as yet no inhibitors of the integration step have been developed for clinical use. Many inhibitors have been identified that are active against purified viral-encoded integrase protein; of these, many contain a catechol moiety. Though this substructure contributes


Discovery of novel, potent, and selective small-molecule CCR5 antagonists as anti-HIV-1 agents: synthesis and biological evaluation of anilide derivatives with a quaternary ammonium moiety.
J Med Chem. 2000 May 18;43(10):2049-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281737
Shiraishi M; Aramaki Y; Seto M; Imoto H; Nishikawa Y; Kanzaki N; Okamoto M; Sawada H; Nishimura O; Baba M; Fujino M; Pharmaceutical Research Division and Discovery Research Division,; Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., 2-17-85, Jusohonmachi,; Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan.; Shiraishi_Mitsuru@takeda.co.jp
The search for new small-molecule CCR5 antagonists by high-throughput screening (HTS) of the Takeda chemical library using [(125)I]RANTES and CHO/CCR5 cells led to the discovery of lead compounds (A, B) with a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium moiety, which were synthesized to investigate new MCP-1 receptor antagonis


Design of a Gag pentapeptide analogue that binds human cyclophilin A more efficiently than the entire capsid protein: new insights for the development of novel anti-HIV-1 drugs.
J Med Chem. 2000 May 4;43(9):1770-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256923
Li Q; Moutiez M; Charbonnier JB; Vaudry K; Menez A; Quemeneur E; Dugave C; Departement D'Ingenierie et D'Etudes des Proteines,; CEA/Saclay, Batiment 152, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Cyclophilin A (hCyp-18), a ubiquitous cytoplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase), orchestrates HIV-1 core packaging. hCyp-18, incorporated into the virion, enables core uncoating and RNA release and consequently plays a critical role in the viral replication process. hCyp-18 specifically interacts with a


Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel pyrrolyl aryl sulfones: HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors active at nanomolar concentrations.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256934
Artico M; Silvestri R; Pagnozzi E; Bruno B; Novellino E; Greco G; Massa S; Ettorre A; Loi AG; Scintu F; La Colla P; Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di; Studi Farmaceutici, Universita degli Studi di Roma "La; Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, BOX 36 - ROMA 62, I-00185 Roma, Italy.; artico@uniroma.it
Pyrrolyl aryl sulfones (PASs) have been recently reported as a new class of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors acting at the non-nucleoside binding site of this enzyme (Artico, M.; et al. J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 522-530). Compound 3, the most potent inhibitor within the s


Adherence to antiviral drug regimens in HIV-infected adolescent patients engaged in care in a comprehensive adolescent and young adult clinic [published erratum appears in J Natl Med Assoc 2000 Jun;92(6):294]
J Natl Med Assoc. 2000 Feb;92(2):55-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260086
Martinez J; Bell D; Camacho R; Henry-Reid LM; Bell M; Watson C; Rodriguez F; Department of Pediatrics, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL; 60612, USA.
Inconsistent use of antiviral medications for the treatment of HIV may lead to the emergence of resistant strains in HIV-infected adults. Patterns of adherence with these drug regimens in adolescents remains unknown. Identifying nonadherence in HIV-infected patients to antiviral regimens and developing corrective meas


Using non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treating HIV disease: where are the therapeutic niches? [editorial]
J Natl Med Assoc. 2000 Feb;92(2):99-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260095
Idemyor V
Stressors of living with HIV/AIDS: patients' perspectives.
Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih. 2000 Mar;16(3):148-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20305706
Hsiung PC; Tsai YF; School of Nursing, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
With the prospect of increasing numbers of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), healthcare professionals (professionals) need to be better informed about patients perspectives in order to provide efficacious, compassionate, and efficient care to patients. In


Induction of CD4(+) T-cell-independent immunoglobulin responses by inactivated influenza virus.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):4999-5005. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261719
Sha Z; Compans RW; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University,; Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Through cognate interaction between antigen-specific B-cell and CD4(+) alphabeta T cells, the CD4(+) alphabeta T cells secrete cytokines that initiate immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching from IgM to IgG. In this study, we show that formalin-inactivated influenza PR8 virus induces virus-specific IgM and IgG responses i


Pegylated alpha interferon is an effective treatment for virulent venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and has profound effects on the host immune response to infection.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5006-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261720
Lukaszewski RA; Brooks TJ; CBD, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom.; rlukaszewski@hotmail.com
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a highly infectious alphavirus endemic in parts of Central and South America. The disease is transmitted by mosquitoes, and the natural reservoir is the small rodent population, with epidemics occurring in horses and occasionally humans. Following infection, VEEV replicat


Coreceptor competition for association with CD4 may change the susceptibility of human cells to infection with T-tropic and macrophagetropic isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5016-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261721
Lee S; Lapham CK; Chen H; King L; Manischewitz J; Romantseva T; Mostowski H; Stantchev TS; Broder CC; Golding H; Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and; Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892,; USA.
The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 were found to function in vivo as the principal coreceptors for M-tropic and T-tropic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains, respectively. Since many primary cells express multiple chemokine receptors, it was important to determine if the efficiency of virus-cell fusion is i


Loss of G(1)/S checkpoint in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells is associated with a lack of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/Waf1.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5040-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261724
Clark E; Santiago F; Deng L; Chong S; de La Fuente C; Wang L; Fu P; Stein D; Denny T; Lanka V; Mozafari F; Okamoto T; Kashanchi F; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of; Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School,; Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.
Productive high-titer infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires the activation of target cells. Infection of quiescent peripheral CD4 lymphocytes by HIV-1 results in incomplete, labile reverse transcripts and lack of viral progeny formation. An interplay between Tat and p53 has previously been


Simian immunodeficiency virus utilizes human and sooty mangabey but not rhesus macaque STRL33 for efficient entry.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5075-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF237559
Pohlmann S; Lee B; Meister S; Krumbiegel M; Leslie G; Doms RW; Kirchhoff F; Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of; Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
It has been established that many simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolates utilize the orphan receptors GPR15 and STRL33 about as efficiently as the chemokine receptor CCR5 for entry into target cells. Most studies were performed, however, with coreceptors of human origin. We found that SIV from captive rhesus mac


Variable-loop-deleted variants of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein can be stabilized by an intermolecular disulfide bond between the gp120 and gp41 subunits.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5091-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261729
Sanders RW; Schiffner L; Master A; Kajumo F; Guo Y; Dragic T; Moore JP; Binley JM; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center,; University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
We have described an oligomeric gp140 envelope glycoprotein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that is stabilized by an intermolecular disulfide bond between gp120 and the gp41 ectodomain, termed SOS gp140 (J. M. Binley, R. W. Sanders, B. Clas, N. Schuelke, A. Master, Y. Guo, F. Kajumo, D. J. Anselma, P. J. Madd


Relationship between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag multimerization and membrane binding.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5142-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261735
Ono A; Demirov D; Freed EO; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0460, USA.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag precursor, Pr55(Gag), is necessary and sufficient for the assembly and release of viruslike particles. Binding of Gag to membrane and Gag multimerization are both essential steps in virus assembly, yet the domains responsible for these events have not been fully defi


Protective immunity to rotavirus shedding in the absence of interleukin-6: Th1 cells and immunoglobulin A develop normally.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5250-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261747
VanCott JL; Franco MA; Greenberg HB; Sabbaj S; Tang B; Murray R; McGhee JR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Medical; Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45244, USA. vancj0@chmcc.org
We investigated whether interleukin-6 (IL-6) was required for the development of immunoglobulin A (IgA)- and T-helper 1 (Th1)-associated protective immune responses to rotavirus by using adult IL-6-deficient mice [BALB/c and (C57BL/6 x O1a)F(2) backgrounds]. Naive IL-6(-) mice had normal frequencies of IgA plasma cell


HLA-B57-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity in a single infected subject toward two optimal epitopes, one of which is entirely contained within the other.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5291-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261752
Goulder PJ; Tang Y; Pelton SI; Walker BD; Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and; Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.; goulder@helix.mgh.harvard.edu
Viral peptides are recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) as a complex with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, but the extent to which a single HLA allele can accommodate epitope peptides of different length and sequence is not well characterized. Here we report the identification of clonal


Mutation of a conserved residue (D123) required for oligomerization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein abolishes interaction with human thioesterase and results in impairment of Nef biological functions.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5310-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261754
Liu LX; Heveker N; Fackler OT; Arold S; Le Gall S; Janvier K; Peterlin BM; Dumas C; Schwartz O; Benichou S; Benarous R; Institut Cochin de Genetique Moleculaire, INSERM U 529; Universite Paris V, 75014 Paris, France.
Nef is a myristoylated protein of 27 to 35 kDa that is conserved in primate lentiviruses. In vivo, Nef is required for high viral load and full pathological effects. In vitro, Nef has at least four activities: induction of CD4 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I downregulation, enhancement of viral infe


Incorporation of tumor vasculature targeting motifs into moloney murine leukemia virus env escort proteins enhances retrovirus binding and transduction of human endothelial cells.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5320-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261755
Liu L; Anderson WF; Beart RW; Gordon EM; Hall FL; Gene Therapy Laboratories, University of Southern California; School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
Adhesion receptors expressed on the surfaces of tumor-activated endothelial cells provide an advantageous locus for targeting gene therapy vectors to angiogenic tissues and/or tumor vasculature. In this study, we engineered a series of Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR)-containing congeners of the presumptive cell binding motif contai


Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coreceptor preferences determine target T-cell depletion and cellular tropism in human lymphoid tissue.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5347-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261758
Grivel JC; Penn ML; Eckstein DA; Schramm B; Speck RF; Abbey NW; Herndier B; Margolis L; Goldsmith MA; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics, National; Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
The present study sought to determine how usage of coreceptors by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dictates cell tropism and depletion of CD4(+) T cells in human lymphoid tissues cultured ex vivo. We found that coreceptor preferences control the marked, preferential depletion of coreceptor-expressing CD4(+) lymphoc


Convergent evolution of reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes E and B following nucleoside analogue RT inhibitor therapies.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5357-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AB038661
Sato H; Tomita Y; Shibamura K; Shiino T; Miyakuni T; Takebe Y; Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Epidemiology, AIDS Research; Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku,; Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. hirosato@nih.go.jp
Changes in the drug susceptibility, gene lineage, and deduced amino acid sequences of the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype E following 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) monotherapy or AZT-2 , 3 -dideoxyi


Major histocompatibility complex class I gene controls the generation of gamma interferon-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells important for recovery from friend retrovirus-induced leukemia.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5363-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261761
Peterson KE; Iwashiro M; Hasenkrug KJ; Chesebro B; Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain; Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840,; USA.
Recovery from leukemia induced by Friend virus complex (FV) requires strong CD4(+) helper, CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte, and B-cell responses. The development of these immune responses is dependent on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (H-2) genotype of the mouse. In H-2(b/b) mice, which spontaneously recover


Structure-function studies of the self-assembly domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane protein gp41.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5368-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261762
Weng Y; Yang Z; Weiss CD; Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug; Administration, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892, USA.
The coiled-coil region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane protein (gp41) makes up the interior core of the six-helix bundle structure of the gp41 self-assembly domain. We extended our previous study of this domain (Y. Weng and C. D. Weiss, J. Virol. 72:9676-9682, 1998) by analyzing 23 additional


Ubiquitination of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 env glycoprotein.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(11):5373-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261763
Bultmann A; Eberle J; Haas J; Max-von-Pettenkofer Institut, Genzentrum, LMU Munchen, 81377; Munich, Germany.
Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Env glycoprotein is stringently regulated in infected cells. The majority of the glycoprotein does not reach the cell surface but rather is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum or a cis-Golgi compartment and subsequently degraded. We here report that Env o


Efficient particle production by minimal Gag constructs which retain the carboxy-terminal domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid-p2 and a late assembly domain.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5395-402. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283795
Accola MA; Strack B; Gottlinger HG; Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer; Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,; USA.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag precursor Pr55(gag) by itself is capable of assembling into retrovirus-like particles (VLP). In the present study, we attempted to identify the minimal Gag sequences required for the formation of VLP. Our results show that about 80% of Pr55(gag) can be either deleted


Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive sera obtained shortly after seroconversion neutralize autologous HIV type 1 isolates on primary macrophages but not on lymphocytes.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283796
Ruppach H; Nara P; Raudonat I; Elanjikal Z; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Dietrich U
The aim of this study was to analyze the role of humoral immunity in early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. As neutralizing activities in HIV-positive sera are rarely detectable earlier than 9 to 12 months after infection using primary lymphocytes as target cells in neutralization assays, humoral immunity


Efficient DNA transfection mediated by the C-terminal domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5424-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283798
Kichler A; Pages JC; Leborgne C; Druillennec S; Lenoir C; Coulaud D; Delain E; Le Cam E; Roques BP; Danos O; Genethon III, CNRS URA 1923, Evry, France. akich@genethon.fr
Viral protein R (Vpr) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is produced late in the virus life cycle and is assembled into the virion through binding to the Gag protein. It is known to play a significant role early in the viral life cycle by facilitating the nuclear import of the preintegration complex in nondividing


The double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen is incorporated in human immunodeficiency virus type 1: evidence for a role in genomic RNA encapsidation.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5441-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283800
Mouland AJ; Mercier J; Luo M; Bernier L; DesGroseillers L; Cohen EA; Departments of Microbiology & Immunology, Universite de; Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.
Human Staufen (hStau), a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding protein that is involved in mRNA transport, is incorporated in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and in other retroviruses, including HIV-2 and Moloney murine leukemia virus. Sucrose and Optiprep gradient analyses reveal cosedimentation of hStau wi


Polymorphism in the interleukin-4 promoter affects acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 syncytium-inducing phenotype.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5452-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283801
Nakayama EE; Hoshino Y; Xin X; Liu H; Goto M; Watanabe N; Taguchi H; Hitani A; Kawana-Tachikawa A; Fukushima M; Yamada K; Sugiura W; Oka SI; Ajisawa A; Sato H; Takebe Y; Nakamura T; Nagai Y; Iwamoto A; Shioda T; Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science,; University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
The emergence of syncytium-inducing (SI) variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in infected individuals is an indicator of poor prognosis and is often correlated with faster CD4(+) cell depletion and rapid disease progression. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine with various immune-modulati


Gamma interferon is not required for mucosal cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses or heterosubtypic immunity to influenza A virus infection in mice.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5495-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283806
Nguyen HH; van Ginkel FW; Vu HL; Novak MJ; McGhee JR; Mestecky J; Department of Microbiology and The Immunobiology Vaccine Center,; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; 35294-2170, USA. nghuan@uab.edu
Heterosubtypic immunity (HSI) is defined as cross-protection against influenza virus of a different serotype than the virus initially encountered and is thought to be mediated by influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Since gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) stimulates cytotoxic cells, including antigen-spe


Parameters of human immunodeficiency virus infection of human cervical tissue and inhibition by vaginal virucides.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5577-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283817
Greenhead P; Hayes P; Watts PS; Laing KG; Griffin GE; Shattock RJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, St. George's Hospital Medical; School, London SW17 ORE, United Kingdom.
Heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the most frequent mode of infection worldwide. However, the immediate events between exposure to infectious virus and establishment of infection are still poorly understood. This study investigates parameters of HIV infection of human female genital ti


Human cytomegalovirus replicates abortively in polymorphonuclear leukocytes after transfer from infected endothelial cells via transient microfusion events.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283822
Gerna G; Percivalle E; Baldanti F; Sozzani S; Lanzarini P; Genini E; Lilleri D; Revello MG
Using a recently developed model for in vitro generation of pp65-positive polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs), we demonstrated that PMNLs from immunocompetent subjects may harbor both infectious human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and viral products (pp65, p72, DNA, and immediate-early [


The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 TAR RNA upper stem-loop plays distinct roles in reverse transcription and RNA packaging.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5639-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283823
Harrich D; Hooker CW; Parry E; HIV Research Unit, National Centre for HIV Virology Research, Sir; Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's; Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia 4029.; d.harrich@mailbox.uq.edu.au
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA genome is flanked by a repeated sequence (R) that is required for HIV-1 replication. The first 57 nucleotides of R form a stable stem-loop structure called the transactivation response element (TAR) that can interact with the virally encoded transcription activator p


Differential narrow focusing of immunodominant human immunodeficiency virus gag-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in infected African and caucasoid adults and children.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5679-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283828
Goulder PJ; Brander C; Annamalai K; Mngqundaniso N; Govender U; Tang Y; He S; Hartman KE; O'Callaghan CA; Ogg GS; Altfeld MA; Rosenberg ES; Cao H; Kalams SA; Hammond M; Bunce M; Pelton SI; Burchett SA; McIntosh K; Coovadia HM; Walker BD; Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital,; Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.; goulder@helix.mgh.harvard.edu
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity plays a central role in control of viral replication and in determining outcome in cases of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Incorporation of important CTL epitope sequences into candidate vaccines is, therefore, vital. Most CTL studies have focused upon smal


Simian and human immunodeficiency virus Nef proteins use different surfaces to downregulate class I major histocompatibility complex antigen expression.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5691-701. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283829
Swigut T; Iafrate AJ; Muench J; Kirchhoff F; Skowronski J; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York; 11724, USA.
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Nef proteins are related regulatory proteins that share several functions, including the ability to downregulate class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and CD4 expression on the cell surface and to alter T-cell-receptor-initiat


Simian immunodeficiency viruses of diverse origin can use CXCR4 as a coreceptor for entry into human cells.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5702-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283830
Owen SM; Masciotra S; Novembre F; Yee J; Switzer WM; Ostyula M; Lal RB; HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of AIDS, STD, and TB; Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,; USA.
Primary simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolated from sooty mangabey (SIVsm [n = 6]), stumptail (SIVstm [n = 1]), mandrill (SIVmnd [n = 1]), and African green (SIVagm [n = 1]) primates were examined for their ability to infect human cells and for their coreceptor requirements. All isolates infected human periphera


Application of the intracellular gamma interferon assay to recalculate the potency of CD8(+) T-cell responses to herpes simplex virus.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5709-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283831
Kumaraguru U; Rouse BT; Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville,; Tennessee 37996-0845, USA.
Enumeration and characterization of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes are tedious and indirect. We quantitated antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells during acute and secondary stages of HSV infection using intracellular gamma interferon production upon stimulation with virus or immunodominant peptide.


Design and intracellular activity of a human single-chain antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 conserved gp41 epitope.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5712-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283832
Legastelois I; Desgranges C; Virus des Hepatites, Retrovirus Humains et Pathologies; Associees, INSERM U271, 69 424 Lyon Cedex 03, France.
A human lymphoid cell line (F172-D8) excreting a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) anti-gp41 monoclonal antibody was used to construct a plasmid containing the cDNA of the single-chain variable fragment (scFvD8) corresponding to this antibody. A stable human osteosarcoma cell line was obtained which expresse


Characterization of stable, soluble trimers containing complete ectodomains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoproteins.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5716-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283833
Yang X; Farzan M; Wyatt R; Sodroski J; Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer; Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,; USA.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins function as a membrane-anchored trimer of three gp120 exterior glycoproteins and three gp41 transmembrane glycoproteins. Previously, we reported three approaches to stabilize soluble trimers containing parts of the gp41 ectodomains: addition of GCN


Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA dimerization on viral infectivity and of stem-loop B on RNA dimerization and reverse transcription and dissociation of dimerization from packaging.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5729-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283835
Shen N; Jette L; Liang C; Wainberg MA; Laughrea M; McGill AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research,; Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1E2.
The kissing-loop domain (KLD) encompasses a stem-loop, named kissing-loop or dimerization initiation site (DIS) hairpin (nucleotides [nt] 248 to 270 in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains HIV-1(Lai) and HIV-1(Hxb2)), seated on top of a 12-nt stem-internal loop called stem-loop B (nt 243 to 247 and 271 to 2


Maternal SDF1 3'A polymorphism is associated with increased perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission.
J Virol. 2000 Jun;74(12):5736-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283836
John GC; Rousseau C; Dong T; Rowland-Jones S; Nduati R; Mbori-Ngacha D; Rostron T; Kreiss JK; Richardson BA; Overbaugh J; Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics,; University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.; gjohn@u.washington.edu
Genetic polymorphisms in chemokine and chemokine receptor genes influence susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and disease progression, but little is known regarding the association between these allelic variations and the ability of the host to transmit virus. In this study, we show


Prostaglandin E(2) increases bovine leukemia virus tax and pol mRNA levels via cyclooxygenase 2: regulation by interleukin-2, interleukin-10, and bovine leukemia virus.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283837
Pyeon D; Diaz FJ; Splitter GA; Department of Animal Health and Biomedical Sciences, University; of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), produced by macrophages, has important immune regulatory functions, suppressing a type 1 immune response and stimulating a type 2 immune response. Type 1 cytokines (interleukin-2 [ IL-2 ], IL-12, and gamma interferon) increase in freshly isol


Age-related structural modulation of T lymphocyte-associated CD45 isoforms.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2000 Feb 22;114(1):21-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20198384
Abdul-Salam F; Moulana MG; Mansour MH; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait; University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, Kuwait.
A monoclonal antibody, specific to all conventional CD45 isoforms, was employed in two-dimensional (2D) sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting to investigate possible age-related differential expression of these isoforms among immature and mature thymocytes as well as


[Hodgkin's disease in patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. Study of fifteen cases]
Med Clin (Barc). 2000 Jan 15;114(1):19-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244313
Tomas Navarro J; Ribera JM; Grau J; Frias C; Vaquero M; Sirera G; Batlle M; Milla F; Feliu E; Servicio de Hematologia-Hemoterapia, Hospital Germans Trias i; Pujol, Badalona, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona.
BACKGROUND: In spite of not being considered as an AIDS defining illness, Hodgkin s disease (HD) has specific clinical and biological features in HIV-infected patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Study of clinicopathologic and analytic characteristics, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection (polymerase chain reaction), and pro


[Usefulness of bone marrow examination in the diagnosis of fever of unknown origin in patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus [letter]
Med Clin (Barc). 2000 Jan 15;114(1):39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244320
Lopez Rubio M; Gonzalez-Palacios R; Sanz J; Santana A
[Incidence of tuberculosis in Spain: results of the Multicenter Project of Tuberculosis Research (MPTR). Work Group of the MPTR]
Med Clin (Barc). 2000 Apr 15;114(14):530-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306019
BACKGROUND: The objective of this project was to gain a better understanding of the incidence of all forms of tuberculosis and to describe the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis cases in Spain . METHODS: After active search through 14 registers, we identified ca


[Hepatitis and nevirapine (letter)]
Med Clin (Barc). 2000 Apr 22;114(15):597-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306036
Palacios R; Santos J; Gonzalez M; Marquez M
Cautious welcome for antiretroviral cost reduction in South Africa [news]
Lancet. 2000 May 20;355(9217):1799. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20290437
Baleta A
Violence in research.
Lancet. 2000 May 20;355(9217):1806. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20290443
Loff B; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash; University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Bebe.Loff@med.monash.edu.au
The body embraces interactivity.
Lancet. 2000 May 20;355(9217):1834. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20290466
www.thebody.com.
C27 to C32 sterols found in Pneumocystis, an opportunistic pathogen of immunocompromised mammals.
Lipids. 2000 Mar;35(3):317-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20243103
Kaneshiro ES; Wyder MA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Ohio; 45221-0006, USA. Edna.Kaneshiro@uc.edu
Pneumocystis carinii is the paradigm of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised mammals. Prior to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic and the use of immunosuppressive therapy in organ transplant and cancer patients, P. carinii was regarded as a curiosity, rarely observed clinically. Interest i


It is hazardous to treat HIV patients with interferon-alpha.
Med Hypotheses. 2000 Jan;54(1):131-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20250362
Yabrov A; Yabrov and Associates, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA.
Interferon-alpha is shown to play a key role in the progressing immunodysfunction that characterizes HIV infection. In particular, interferon-alpha is responsible for the development of an autoimmune state that is prone to serious complications. Therefore, treatment of HIV patients with IFN-alpha is hazardous. There a


HIV and AIDS in aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: 1992-1998. The National HIV Surveillance Committee.
Med J Aust. 2000 Mar 20;172(6):266-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20317672
Guthrie JA; Dore GJ; McDonald AM; Kaldor JM; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; Sydney, NSW.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological pattern of newly diagnosed HIV infection and AIDS among Indigenous Australians. DESIGN AND SETTING: National surveillance for newly diagnosed HIV infection and AIDS in Australia. Information on Indigenous status was sought at HIV/AIDS notification in all State/Territory healt


Expansion of epitope cross-reactivity by anti-idiotype modulation of the primary humoral response.
Mol Immunol. 2000 Jan-Feb;37(1-2):53-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20245598
Denisova GF; Zerwanitzer M; Denisov DA; Spectorman E; Mondor I; Sattentau Q; Gershoni JM; Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise; Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
The primary humoral response produces antigen-specific antibodies so to clear the initial infection, and generates a population of corresponding memory cells to prevent infection by future encounters with the same pathogen. The continuous genetic modification of a pathogen s exterior, however, is one mechanism used to


[Pharmaco-economic evaluation of mandatory HIV-screening in pregnancy; a cost-efficacy analysis in Amsterdam]
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20272323
Postma MJ; van den Hoek JA; Beck EJ; Heeg B; Jager JC; Coutinho RA
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the cost effectiveness of universal screening for HIV of pregnant women in Amsterdam. DESIGN:


Primary angiitis of the central nervous system as a first presentation in Hodgkin's disease: a case report and review of the literature.
Neurosurgery. 2000 Jun;46(6):1504-8; discussion 1508-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20292506
Rosen CL; DePalma L; Morita A; Department of Neurological Surgery, George Washington University; Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia 20037, USA.; crosen@gwu.edu
OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system is a rare cause of neurological deterioration. It is often diagnosed posthumously, and a high index of suspicion is necessary to make the correct diagnosis on a timely basis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 27-year-old woman presented to the emerg


HIV-1-related encephalopathy in infants compared with children and adults. French Pediatric HIV Infection Study and the SEROCO Group.
Neurology. 2000 Mar 14;54(5):1089-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20183221
Tardieu M; Le Chenadec J; Persoz A; Meyer L; Blanche S; Mayaux MJ; Service de Neurologie, Departement de Pediatrie, and; Laboratoire Virus, Neurone et Immunite, Bicetre, France.; marc.tardieu@kb.u-psud.fr
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the specificities of HIV-1-related encephalopathy in children. METHODS: Comparison of patients from the French Perinatal Cohort of children born to HIV-1-infected mothers and followed from birth with the French SEROCO Cohort of adults with a known date of infection. Our study examines 1) the


Hydroxyurea and hepatitis.
Nursing. 2000 May;30(5):77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313268
Shuster J; Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa., USA.
Persistent activation of NF-kappaB by the tax transforming protein of HTLV-1: hijacking cellular IkappaB kinases.
Oncogene. 1999 Nov 22;18(49):6948-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20070134
Sun SC; Ballard DW; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State; University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey,; Pennsylvania, PA 17033, USA.
Biochemical coupling of transcription factor NF-kappaB to antigen and co-stimulatory receptors is required for the temporal control of T-cell proliferation. In contrast to its transitory activation during normal growth-signal transduction, NF-kappaB is constitutively deployed in T-cells transformed by the type 1 human


STAT signaling in the pathogenesis and treatment of leukemias.
Oncogene. 2000 May 15;19(21):2496-504. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309841
Lin TS; Mahajan S; Frank DA; Department of Adult Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts, MA 02115, USA.
Leukemias continue to cause significant mortality in adults and children, and the use of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy has reached a therapeutic plateau. Thus, there is great interest in treatments directed against inappropriately activated cell signaling pathways which stimulate the uncontrolled growth of neoplasti


Pain and symptom control in terminally ill children.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2000 Jun;47(3):711-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20295706
Galloway KS; Yaster M; Department of Anesthesiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore,; Maryland, USA.
The management of pain in terminally ill pediatric patients has incalculable benefits to patients, their families, and physicians and nurses. A therapeutic management plan is dependent on a thorough understanding of the causes of pain in these patients, on pain assessment, and on the myriad drugs and drug strategies t


Education of children with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Pediatrics. 2000 Jun;105(6):1358-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20295234
Treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has enabled more children and youths to attend school and participate in school activities. Children and youths with HIV infection should receive the same education as those with other chronic illnesses. They may require special services, including home instru


HIV screening [letter; comment]
Pediatrics. 2000 Jun;105(6):1375. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20331362
McCormick MC; Stoto MA
Does 29-mer RNA hairpin of the HIV-1 TAR RNA sequence bind magnesium? 19F-NMR and modelling studies.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241319
Fischer A; Gdaniec Z; Olejniczak M; Bielecki L; Adamiak RW; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences,; Poznan.
5-Fluorouridine residues have been introduced into functionally important bulge and loop regions of 29-mer HIV-1 TAR RNA hairpins I and II to study Mg2+ and Ca2+ binding using 19F-NMR spectroscopy. There was no substantial binding detected up to 20-molar excess in case of both cations, whereas association of argininam


Synthesis of 4'-substituted nucleosides and their biological evaluation.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1999;(42):127-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241324
Kohgo S; Kodama E; Shigeta S; Saneyoshi M; Machida H; Ohrui H; Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of; Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
4 -C-Ethynyl-beta-D-arabino- and 4 -C-ethynyl-beta-D-2 -deoxy-ribo-pentofuranosyl pyrimidines were synthesized. Most of these 4 -ethynyl nucleosides showed interesting biological activities.


Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of unusual nucleoside oxanosine derivatives.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1999;(42):19-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241270
Saito Y; Chaicharoenpong C; Ohno O; Ichikawa E; Yamamura S; Kato K; Nakamura M; Ohno T; Umezawa K; Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and; Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan.
A series of the oxanosine and carbocyclic oxanosine derivatives were synthesized to evaluate for their anti-HIV activity. Compound 1, 7 and 9 showed weak anti-HIV activities.


In vivo selection of RNA-binding peptides from combinatorial libraries.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1999;(42):213-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241367
Harada K; Martin SS; Frankel AD; Department of Life Science, Tokyo Gakugei University, Japan.
We have used a two step procedure to identify peptides that bind strongly to the Rev-response element (RRE) of HIV. In the first step, RRE-binding peptides were screened from a combinatorial peptide library generated by randomization using a small subset of the 20 amino acids. In the second step, one such RRE-bindin


Phosphorothioate G3T4G3 motifs inhibits the early stage of HIV-1 infection.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1999;(42):227-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241374
Suzuki J; Miyano-Kurosaki N; Takeuchi H; Tamura Y; Kawai G; Takai K; Tanaka Y; Tanaka R; Yamamoto N; Takaku H; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Chiba Institute of; Technology, Japan.
It is well known that G-rich phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (G-rich PS) bind to the V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 and inhibit HIV-1 infection. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory mechanism of a new type of G-rich PS (PS-G3T4G3) on the replication cycle of HIV-1. PS-G3T4G3 inhibits both cell to cell and cell free


Structural study of an RNA aptamer for a Tat protein complexed with ligands.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1999;(42):269-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241395
Katahira M; Kobayashi S; Matsugami A; Ouhashi K; Uesugi S; Yamamoto R; Taira K; Nishikawa S; Kumar P; Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of; Engineering, Yokohama National University, Japan.
An RNA aptamer for an HIV Tat protein has been isolated by the in vitro SELEX method. The RNA aptamer binds to the Tat protein 50-100 times more strongly than native TAR RNA does. Here, we have investigated the structure of the RNA aptamer complexed with ligands, partial peptide fragments of the Tat protein or arginin


Design of artificial pepetides that recognize the HIV RRE IIB RNA.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1999;(42):271-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241396
Takahashi T; Kumagai I; Hamasaki K; Ueno A; Mihara H; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Bioscience and; Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) conjugated peptides, derived from HIV-1 Rev, were designed and synthesized in order to construct molecules that recognize HIV RRE IIB RNA. The competitive binding analyses using fluorescent Rev peptide revealed that the PNA unit on the peptide affected the RNA binding.


Development of an HIV-1-dependent expression vector with the Cre/loxP system.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1999;(42):295-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241408
Habu Y; Takeuchi H; Tamura Y; Miyano-Kurosaki N; Takai K; Takaku H; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Chiba Institute of; Technology, Narashino, Japan.
Previously, we used the human methionine tRNA promoter as an expression cassette for hammerhead ribozymes. The tRNA promoter driven ribozyme was targeted against the LTR portion of the HIV-1 NL4-3 strain. We constructed VSV-G-pseudotyped MuLV-based vectors expressing the ribozyme. The ribozyme expressing retrovirus ve


FGF4 and INT2 oncogenes are amplified and expressed in Kaposi's sarcoma.
Mod Pathol. 2000 Apr;13(4):433-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246483
Kiuru-Kuhlefelt S; Sarlomo-Rikala M; Larramendy ML; Soderlund M; Hedman K; Miettinen M; Knuutila S; Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of; Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is a vascular tumor, the pathogenesis of which has been suggested to include human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) as well as various cytokines and growth factors. Very little is known about cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes in KS. We studied DNA copy number changes in KS and found a recurrent gain


Immunohistochemical detection of Bcl-2 in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions varies according to histopathologic stage, whereas expression of Bcl-x and Mcl-1 differs according to human immunodeficiency virus serologic status of patients.
Mod Pathol. 2000 Apr;13(4):438-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246484
Fernandez-Figueras MT; Puig L; Fernandez-Vasalo A; Esquius M; Montero MA; Ariza A; Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i; Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
Expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-x, and Mcl-1 was immunohistochemically evaluated in 33 cases of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) of the skin. Of these, classic KS (C-KS) accounted for 17 cases (10 in plaque stage and 7 in tumor stage) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated KS (AIDS-KS) accounted for 16 cases (8 in plaque sta


Investigations on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase/DNA binding interactions via molecular dynamics and electrostatics calculations.
Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Mar;85(3):123-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206924
Lins RD; Adesokan A; Soares TA; Briggs JM; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston,; Houston, TX, USA.
The complete three-dimensional structure of the active site region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) is not unambiguously known. This region includes a flexible loop comprising residues 141-148 and the N-terminal portion of the helix alpha-4, which contains E152, the third catalytic res


Studies on anti-human immunodeficiency virus oligonucleotides that have alternating methylphosphonate/phosphodiester linkages.
Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Mar;85(3):159-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206927
Miller PS; Cassidy RA; Hamma T; Kondo NS; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North; Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA. pmiller@jhsph.edu
Preliminary investigations of the physical properties of oligonucleotide analogs that contain alternating methylphosphonate/phosphodiester linkages are described. An alternating oligo-2 -O-methylribonucleoside methylphosphonate, oligomer 1676, whose sequence is complementary to the upper hairpin region of human immuno


T-cell proliferation in vivo and the role of cytokines.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 Mar 29;355(1395):317-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252023
Sprent J; Zhang X; Sun S; Tough D; Department of Immunology, IMM4, The Scripps Research Institute,; La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. jsprent@scripps.edu
Unlike typical naive T cells, T cells with an activated (CD44hi) memory phenotype show a rapid rate of proliferation in vivo. The turnover of memory-phenotype CD8+ T cells can be considerably augmented by injecting mice with various compounds, including polyinosinic polycytidylic acid, lipopolysaccharide and immunosti


A new theory of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte memory: implications for HIV treatment.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 Mar 29;355(1395):329-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252025
Wodarz D; Page KM; Arnaout RA; Thomsen AR; Lifson JD; Nowak MA; Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.; wodarz@ias.edu
We use simple mathematical models to examine the dynamics of primary and secondary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses to viral infections. In particular, we are interested in conditions required to resolve the infection and to protect the host upon secondary challenge. While protection against reinfection is only


Memory CD8+ T cells in HIV infection.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 Mar 29;355(1395):363-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252030
McMichael AJ; Ogg G; Wilson J; Callan M; Hambleton S; Appay V; Kelleher T; Rowland-Jones S; MRC Human Immunology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John; Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.; andrew.mcmichael@clinical-medicine.oxford.ac.uk
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a central role in the control of persistent HIV infection in humans. The kinetics and general features of the CTL response are similar to those found during other persisting virus infections in humans. During chronic infection there are commonly between 0.1 and 1.0% of all CD8+ T ce


Antiviral CD4 and CD8 T-cell memory: differences in the size of the response and activation requirements.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 Mar 29;355(1395):373-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252032
Whitmire JK; Murali-Krishna K; Altman J; Ahmed R; Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; 30322, USA.
Following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, there is a potent antiviral CD8 T-cell response that eliminates the infection. This initial CD8 T-cell response is followed by a period of memory during which elevated numbers of virus-specific CD8 T cells remain in the mouse. CD4 T cells are also ac


Immunological memory and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome pathogenesis.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 Mar 29;355(1395):381-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252033
Kaur A; Rosenzweig M; Johnson RP; Division of Immunology, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus results in profound perturbations in immunological memory, ultimately resulting in increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We have used rhesus macaques infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) as a


Differences in the regulation of CD4 and CD8 T-cell clones during immune responses.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2000 Mar 29;355(1395):401-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252035
Beverley PC; Maini MK; The Edward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research, Newbury,; Berkshire, UK. peter.beverley@jenner.ac.uk
The functional units of immune response are lymphocyte clones. Analysis of lymphocyte life span in vivo shows that the overall turnover of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes does not differ greatly. Recently, molecular methods have been developed which allow a global analysis of T-cell clones responding to an antigen in vivo. We


[Information and education on sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS and human sexuality--a case report after 14 years of experience]
Rev Esc Enferm USP. 1998 Dec;32(4):291-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20081543
Gir E; Moriya TM; de Oliveira MH; Pela NT; Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto-USP.
The authors present their 14-year experience about Information/education on sexually transmitted diseases/Aids and human sexuality. They describe the actions implemented, emphasizing the positive and negative points. Concerning the positive results they mention the divulgation of information about preventive measures


[AIDS among the Japanese-Brazilian residents of the Sao Paulo municipality: size and profile of the studied group]
Rev Esc Enferm USP. 1998 Dec;32(4):354-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20081550
Shima H; Afuso DS; Nichiata LY; Departamento de Enfermagem em Saude Coletiva, Escola de; Enfermagem da USP.
The study aimed to know the spread of AIDS epidemic among Japanese and their descendents, living on Sao Paulo Municipality. The authors dimension the total number of cases, since the beginning of the epidemic till july, 1994 and characterized the profile of the group in terms of sex, age, school degree, civil status,


Estimating HIV incidence using dates of both HIV and AIDS diagnoses.
Stat Med. 2000 May 15;19(9):1165-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20259719
Cui J; Becker NG; Department of General Practice and Public Health, University of; Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia.; j.cui@gpph.unimelb.edu.au
Knowledge of HIV incidence is important to formulate sensible strategies aimed at controlling the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Back-projection is one of the methods for reconstructing the HIV incidence curve from AIDS incidence data. However, because of the low risk of developing AIDS during the first few years after infection,


B-cell depletion fails to abrogate the induction of oral tolerance of specific Th1 immune responses in mice.
Scand J Immunol. 2000 May;51(5):454-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253460
Peng HJ; Chang ZN; Lee CC; Kuo SW; Department of Medical Research, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei,; Taipei, Taiwan.
Antigen presentation by resting B cells has been shown to induce peripheral tolerance to intravenous (i.v.) administered soluble protein antigens. We further examined the role of resting B cells in the induction of oral tolerance. Mice were treated continuously from birth with rabbit antimouse IgM serum for 5 weeks. I


Multiepitope vaccines intensively increased levels of antibodies recognizing three neutralizing epitopes on human immunodeficiency virus-1 envelope protein.
Scand J Immunol. 2000 May;51(5):497-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253466
Lu Y; Xiao Y; Ding J; Dierich MP; Chen YH; Laboratory of Immunology, Research Center for Medical Science,; School of Life Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University,; Beijing, China.
A few neutralizing antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) envelope proteins have been shown to be highly effective at neutralizing different strains in vitro, and exist at very low levels in the sera of HIV-1-infected individuals. Based on our hypothesis that epitope vaccination may be a novel strat


T-cell repertoire analysis in acute and chronic human Chagas' disease: differential frequencies of Vbeta5 expressing T cells.
Scand J Immunol. 2000 May;51(5):511-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253468
Costa RP; Gollob KJ; Fonseca LL; Rocha MO; Chaves AC; Medrano-Mercado N; Araujo-Jorge TC; Antas PR; Colley DG; Correa-Oliveira R; Gazzinelli G; Carvalho-Parra J; Dutra WO; Centro de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG,; Brazil.
Here, we analysed the use of Vbeta-TCR regions by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from acute and chronic chagasic patients using flow cytometry. We determined the Vbeta expression in cells freshly isolated from patients, as well as after in vitro stimulation with antigens derived from epimastigote (EPI) or trypomastigote (TRYPO


Immunological and virological changes in antiretroviral naive human immunodeficiency virus infected patients randomized to G-CSF or placebo simultaneously with initiation of HAART.
Scand J Immunol. 2000 May;51(5):520-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253469
Aladdin H; Ullum H; Katzenstein T; Gerstoft J; Skinhoj P; Klarlund Pedersen B; Departments of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University; Hospital (Rigshopitalet), M7641, Tagensvej 20, 2200 Copenhagen N,; Denmark.
To determine the efficacy of combined G-CSF and highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART), a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study was conducted. Treatment naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients were randomized to receive either placebo or G-CSF (0.3 mg/ml, 3 times a week) for 12


The enhancing role of complement in human immunodeficiency virus infection: soluble recombinant CR1 (CD35) inhibits complement-mediated enhancement of infection of a CD4-positive T-cell line with human immunodeficiency virus-1.
Scand J Immunol. 2000 May;51(5):526-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253470
Delibrias CC; Fischer EM; Kazatchkine MD; INSERM U430 and Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Hopital; Broussais, 96 rue Didot, 75014 Paris, France.
The present study investigated the effect of soluble recombinant CR1 (srCR1, sCD35) on complement-dependent enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro. Cells of the human T-cell line HPB-ALL were infected with HIV-1 that had been preopsonized with normal human HIV-seronegative serum in th


Distinct innate and acquired immune responses to Leishmania in putative susceptible and resistant human populations endemically exposed to L. (Viannia) panamensis infection.
Scand J Immunol. 2000 May;51(5):533-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253472
Bosque F; Saravia NG; Valderrama L; Milon G; Unite d'Immunophysiologie et parasitisme intracellulaire,; Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15,; France.
Mechanisms of constitutive and acquired susceptibility/resistance to Leishmania Viannia panamensis (L. (V ) p.) were investigated in endemically exposed human populations presenting either recurrent disease (putative susceptible) or subclinical infection (clinically resistant). Cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity


AIDS. Origins of HIV [comment]
Science. 2000 Jun 9;288(5472):1757-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20333431
Hillis DM; Section of Integrative Biology and the Institute for Cellular and; Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of; Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. dhillis@mail.utexas.edu
Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains [see comments]
Science. 2000 Jun 9;288(5472):1789-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20307906
Korber B; Muldoon M; Theiler J; Gao F; Gupta R; Lapedes A; Hahn BH; Wolinsky S; Bhattacharya T; Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
HIV-1 sequences were analyzed to estimate the timing of the ancestral sequence of the main group of HIV-1, the strains responsible for the AIDS pandemic. Using parallel supercomputers and assuming a constant rate of evolution, we applied maximum-likelihood phylogenetic methods to unprecedented amounts of data for this


[Risk of HIV transmission (editorial)]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000 Jan 20;120(2):181. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310459
Aavitsland P
[Sex differences concerning the habit patterns and health among intravenous heroin addicts in Oslo]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000 Jan 20;120(2):192-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310463
Bretteville-Jensen AL; Statens institutt for alkohol- og narkotikaforskning, Oslo.
The issue addressed below concerns sex differences in consumption patterns and ways of financing the drug habit among intravenous heroin users. The findings are linked to recorded differences in various health indicators. The article is based on data collected through 1,840 interviews with heroin abusers who contacted


[Children and HIV/AIDS--prevention, follow up and treatment]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000 Jan 20;120(2):210-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310467
Wathne KO; Andersen GL; Barnemedisinsk avdeling, Barnesenteret Ullev~al sykehus, Oslo.; wathne@zenith.no
At the global level, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has reached dramatic proportions. According to WHO, more than 1 million children are currently living with HIV infection. In Norway (population 4.4 million), a cumulative total of only 33 children with HIV infection have been reported, mak


[HIV screening of pregnant women in Norway]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000 Jan 20;120(2):221-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310469
Reinar LM; Haegeland A; Tollefsen MF; Bjorkeng W; Seksjon for informasjon og dokumentasjon Statens institutt for; folkehelse, Oslo. liv.merete.reinar@folkehelsa.no
The prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women is low in Norway (4.5/100,000). HIV screening has been offered on a routine basis in antenatal care since 1987. 96% of all pregnant women are screened for HIV. After the introduction of the screening programme, effective treatmen


Capture ELISA and flow cytometry methods for toxicologic assessment following immunization and cyclophosphamide challenges in beagles.
Toxicol Lett. 2000 Apr 10;115(1):33-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275330
Jones RD; Offutt DM; Longmoor; Toxicology Department, Bayer Corporation, Stilwell, KS 66085,; USA. randy.jones.b@bayer.com
The purpose of this subacute 22-day study was to evaluate methods for canine circulating immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG, and IgE) and select B- and T-lymphocyte populations (CD4-helpers, CD8-suppressors, pan-T and pan-B) for immunotoxicity testing using an organ system (concordance) approach. The challenge substance for im


Absence of structural or functional alterations in male and female reproductive organs of F1 and F2 generations derived from female mice exposed to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine during pregnancy.
Toxicol Lett. 2000 Apr 10;115(1):9-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275327
Diwan BA; Olivero OA; Poirier MC; Intramural Research Support Program, SAIC Frederick,; NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Development Center, MD 21702-1201,; USA. bdiwan@mail.ncifcrf.gov
To investigate the effects of in utero exposure to 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) on male and female reproductive system development, pregnant CD-1 mice were given daily intragastric doses of 25.0 mg AZT during days 12 through 18 of gestation. The o


Medical students and infection control: risks and precautions.
Tokai J Exp Clin Med. 1999 Dec;24(4-6):169-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277659
Tucker A; Phillips WR; Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan.; 50mm1434@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
PURPOSE: To investigate factors associated with medical students use of infection control measures to protect themselves from HIV and other blood-borne infections. METHODS: All clinical students in the academic year of 1993-94 at the University of Washington, Seattle, were surveyed on the percent of time they use Uni


Stroke patients in south Madrid: function and motor recovery, resource utilization, and family support.
Stroke. 2000 Jun;31(6):1352-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297091
Muro MJ; de Pedro-Cuesta J; Almazan J; Holmqvist LW; Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (M.J.M.), Servicio de; Rehabilitacion, Madrid, Spain. mjmuro@h12o.es
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to describe the epidemiology of stroke disability and the use of health resources in South Madrid. METHODS: Among a population of 665 168 residents in South Madrid, patients with an acute stroke of clinical onset during March to July 1996 who were seen at a


Perceptions of the risks of sexual activity and their consequences among Ugandan adolescents.
Stud Fam Plann. 2000 Mar;31(1):35-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20228353
Hulton LA; Cullen R; Khalokho SW; Department of Social Statistics, University of Southampton,; Highfield, UK.
The principal aim of this study of adolescents in Mbale District, Uganda , is to provide program-related information about their behavior, motivations, and perceptions of risk with regard to pregnancy and HIV transmission. Twelve single-sex focus-group discussions were conducted, si


Family planning and sexual behavior in the era of HIV/AIDS: the case of Nakuru District, Kenya.
Stud Fam Plann. 2000 Mar;31(1):69-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20228356
Bauni EK; Jarabi BO; African Population and Health Research Centre, Population; Council, Nairobi. ebauni@popcouncil.or.ke
Recently, the prevalence of contraceptive use has increased in Kenya . The twin risks of unwanted pregnancy and HIV/AIDS infection remain central concerns of reproductive health programs. However, we do not know how sexually active men and women perceive these risks, nor the strategi


Longitudinal monitoring of WBC subsets in packed RBC units after filtration: implications for transfusion transmission of infections.
Transfusion. 2000 May;40(5):500-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287718
Roback JD; Bray RA; Hillyer CD; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University; School of Medicine Winship Cancer Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
BACKGROUND: Specific subsets of peripheral blood WBCs are reservoirs for infectious agents, such as CMV and EBV, and can serve as vectors for transfusion transmission of these agents. While filter WBC reduction has been used to prevent transfusion transmission o


Filtration of RBC units:effect of storage time and temperature on filter performance.
Transfusion. 2000 May;40(5):521-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287721
Smith JD; Leitman SF; Department of Transfusion Medicine, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical; Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; jsmith@dtm.cc.nih.gov
BACKGROUND: The influence of time, temperature, and rate of filtration on the efficacy of WBC reduction of RBC units was studied in a controlled, paired-donor format. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Ten donors underwent whole-blood phlebotomy on two to four occasions each. Units were filtered (RCXL-1, Pall Biomedical) under


False-negative testing errors in routine viral marker screening of blood donors. For the Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study.
Transfusion. 2000 May;40(5):585-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287732
Busch MP; Watanabe KK; Smith JW; Hermansen SW; Thomson RA; Division of Research and Scientific Services, Blood Centers of; the Pacific-Irwin Center, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.; mpbusch@itsa.ucsf.edu
BACKGROUND: The contribution of testing errors to the risk of virus transmission by transfusion depends on the rate of false-negative testing errors and the prevalence of infected seropositive donations. Although the false-negative testing error rate has been estimated at 0.1 to 1 percent on the basis of proficiency s


High rate of GB virus type C/HGV transmission from mother to infant: possible implications for the prevalence of infection in blood donors.
Transfusion. 2000 May;40(5):602-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287735
Lefrere JJ; Sender A; Mercier B; Mariotti M; Pernot F; Soulie JC; Malvoisin A; Berry M; Gabai A; Lattes F; Galiay JC; Pawlak C; de Lachaux V; Chauveau V; Hreiche G; Larsen M; Ferec C; Parnet-Mathieu F; Roudot-Thoraval F; Brossard Y; National Institute of Blood Transfusion, Paris, France.
BACKGROUND: Because GB virus type C(GBV-C)/HGV (GBV-C/HGV) is blood-borne and sexually transmitted, persons at risk of infection with such viruses have a high prevalence of GBV-C/HGV markers. However, adults with no apparent risk factors, such as blood donors, frequently are positive for GBV-C/HGV markers. Mother-to-i


HBV genotypic resistance to lamivudine in kidney recipients and hemodialyzed patients.
Transplantation. 2000 May 27;69(10):2090-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309442
Fontaine H; Thiers V; Chretien Y; Zylberberg H; Poupon RE; Brechot C; Legendre C; Kreis H; Pol S; Unite d'Hepatologie, Hopital Necker, Paris, France.
BACKGROUND: Lamivudine is a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA polymerase. Its overall efficiency is clearly hampered by relapse at discontinuation and by risk of genotypic resistance


Increased expression of the lymphocyte early activation marker CD69 in peripheral blood correlates with histologic evidence of cardiac allograft rejection.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309445
Schowengerdt KO; Fricker FJ; Bahjat KS; Kuntz ST
BACKGROUND: The human leukocyte membrane protein CD69 is an early activation marker induced in T lymphocytes, B cells, and natural killer cells in response to inflammatory stimuli. Cardiac catheterization and endomyocardial biopsy remain the gold standard for diagnosis of rejection after transplantation, and noninva


Altered intragraft immune responses and improved renal function in MHC class II-deficient mouse kidney allografts.
Transplantation. 2000 May 27;69(10):2137-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309453
Mannon RB; Doyle C; Griffiths R; Bustos M; Platt JL; Coffman TM; Department of Medicine, Durham Department of Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, North Carolina 27705, USA.
BACKGROUND: During renal allograft rejection, expression of MHC class II antigens is up-regulated on the parenchymal cells of the kidney. This up-regulation of MHC class II proteins may stimulate the intragraft alloimmune response by promoting their recognition by recipient CD4+ T cells. In previous studies, absence o


Prolonged allograft survival through conditional and specific ablation of alloreactive T cells expressing a suicide gene [see comments]
Transplantation. 2000 May 27;69(10):2154-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309456
Thomas-Vaslin V; Bellier B; Cohen JL; Boyer O; Raynal-Raschilas N; Glotz D; Klatzmann D; Biologie et Therapeutique des Pathologies Immunitaires,; UPMC/CNRS ESA 7087, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere,; Paris, France.
BACKGROUND: Control of antidonor activated T cells involved in allograft rejection while preserving immunocompetence is a challenging goal in transplantation. Engineered T cells expressing a viral thymidine kinase (TK) suicide gene metabolize the nontoxic prodrug ganciclovir (GCV) into a metabolite toxic only to divid


Apoptosis of thymocytes during acute graft-versus-host disease is independent of glucocorticoids.
Transplantation. 2000 May 27;69(10):2190-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309462
Krenger W; Rossi S; Hollander GA; Pediatric Immunology, Department of Research, Basel University; Medical School, Switzerland.
BACKGROUND: Elimination of immature thymocytes resulting in thymic atrophy is characteristic of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Because aGVHD has been associated with elevated glucocorticoid (GC) production, and CD4,CD8 double-positive thymocytes undergo rapid apoptosis in response to GCs, we hypothesized tha


Interaction between nelfinavir and tacrolimus after orthoptic liver transplantation in a patient coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Transplantation. 2000 May 27;69(10):2194-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309463
Schvarcz R; Rudbeck G; Soderdahl G; St~ahle L; Department of Infect Diseases, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge; University Hospital, Sweden.
A 49-year old male patient with severe hemophilia A, coinfected with HIV and HCV, who underwent orthoptic liver transplantation because of hepatitis C cirrhosis is presented. We describe a strong interaction between nelfinavir and tacrolimus postoperatively, that caused a reduction of the dose of tacrolimus by a facto


Iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma: HHV8 positivity persists but the tumors regress almost completely without immunosuppressive therapy [letter]
Transplantation. 2000 May 27;69(10):2230-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309475
Nagy S; Gyulai R; Kemeny L; Szenohradszky P; Dobozy A
Surgery in high-HIV incidence poor countries.
Trop Doct. 2000 Jan;30(1):37-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301342
Cairns J; JamesCairns@compuserve.com
Prevalence of HIV, sexually transmitted disease and tuberculosis amongst new prisoners in a district prison, Malawi [letter]
Trop Doct. 2000 Jan;30(1):49-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301346
Banerjee A; Harries AD; Mphasa N; Yadid AE; Nyirenda T; Salaniponi FM
Is screening for Toxoplasmosis appropriate in West Africa? [letter]
Trop Doct. 2000 Jan;30(1):51-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301350
Watson PA; Zinsstag J
Voluntary screening for HIV [letter; comment]
Trop Doct. 2000 Apr;30(2):124. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301388
Colebunders R; Watelle M
Analysis of a simplified concentration sputum smear technique for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in rural hospitals.
Trop Doct. 2000 Apr;30(2):70-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301364
Garay JE; St Anne's Hospital, Matabeleland, South Zimbabwe.
Rural hospitals in Africa face the challenge of an increasing number of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases, much of it related with the AIDS pandemic. The main diagnostic tool in these hospitals is the direct sputum smears. Sensitivity of direct sputum smears is low, especially in cases of AIDS related PTB. Several co


Maternal mortality estimated using the Sisterhood method in Gulu district, Uganda.
Trop Doct. 2000 Apr;30(2):72-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301365
Orach CG; Makerere University, Institute of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.; cgorach@hotmail.com
A community-based retrospective maternal mortality study using the Sisterhood method was conducted in Gulu district between February and March 1996. The objectives were to estimate the magnitude of and identify factors associated with maternal mortality in the district. A total of 5522 adult respondents, randomly sele


A survey to gather sexually transmitted disease epidemiological and management data in the Solomon Islands.
Trop Doct. 2000 Apr;30(2):97-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301374
Lucas RE; Alice Springs Hospital, Australia.
A survey of 15 clinics and hospitals in the Solomon Islands (a South Pacific nation with a 45% rate of penicillin-resistant gonorrhoea) was undertaken to audit the quality of sexually transmitted diseases data collection, adherence


[Fatal outcome of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in a patient with no previously known immunosuppression]
Ugeskr Laeger. 2000 May 15;162(20):2894-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20318012
Sorensen M; Andersen O; Friis-Moller A; Kvinesdal BB; H:S Hvidovre Hospital, infektionsmedicinsk afdeling.
A case of fatal infection with Strongyloides stercoralis in a previously healthy young African with no known immunosuppression is reported. The patient suffered severe gastrointestinal bleeding and despite intensive treatment died of multiorgan failure. Postmortem, signs of ulcerating T-cell lymphoma were found in a j


[What is the patient's HIV status? (letter)]
Ugeskr Laeger. 2000 May 15;162(20):2912. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20318021
Christiansen CB
[Tuberculosis and mycobacterioses--current problems]
Vutr Boles. 1999;31(1):5-8, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306518
Milchev M
Some quantitative and qualitative changes, occurring in the tuberculous endemic during the last years are being analyzed. The analysis of the indices for the dynamics of the tuberculous endemic during the last years in our country reveals that the control of tuberculosis should take in consideration the following fact


Guidelines for young child feeding in the Caribbean--Part I.Caribbean Food and Nutrition Institute.
West Indian Med J. 2000 Mar;49(1):3-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248165
The guidelines for young child feeding have been developed and prepared as a supportive-tool primarily for health personnel involved in the care of infants and children in Caribbean countries. The recommendations address some practical aspects of nutrition before, during and after pregnancy. These are: The benefits of


HIV infection among children in Barbados.
West Indian Med J. 2000 Mar;49(1):43-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248175
Kumar A; St John MA; Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, St Michael,; Barbados.
We studied a cohort of children with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Barbados in order to determine the prevalence of HIV infection, the clinical course including morbidity and mortality and the magnitude of the health care and social problems. Forty-seven chi


A retrospective analysis of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in Trinidad.
West Indian Med J. 2000 Mar;49(1):61-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248180
Williams KP; Monteil MA; Department of Para Clinical Sciences, University of the West; Indies, Trinidad and Tobago.
A retrospective analysis of culture-positive cases of S pneumoniae from normally sterile body fluids is reported. Over 40% of patients were 5 years old or less while 28% of patients were 50 years old or more. Meningitis (44%) was the commonest clinical presentation followed closely by pneumonia (31%). The commonest pr


Protection of cattle against bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection could be attained by DNA vaccination.
Acta Biochim Pol. 1999;46(4):971-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20282981
Brillowska A; Dabrowski S; Rulka J; Kubis P; Buzala E; Kur J; Technical University of Gdansk, Department of Microbiology,; Poland.
The bovine leukemia virus (BLV) envelope gene encoding extracellular glycoprotein gp51 and transmembrane glycoprotein gp30 was cloned into a vehicle expression vector under the human cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) intermediate early p


Genital human papillomavirus infection and associated penile intraepithelial neoplasia in males infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.
Acta Cytol. 2000 May-Jun;44(3):305-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20293893
Gomousa-Michael M; Gialama E; Gomousas N; Gialama G; Department of Cytology, Thriassio General Hospital, Elefsina,; Athens, Greece.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in genital lesions from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ men. For comparison, we also investigated the same association using specimens from HIV- men. STUDY DESIGN: Imprint smears from


Unintegrated viral DNA as a marker for human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection in vivo and in vitro.
Acta Virol. 1999 Dec;43(6):367-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20285676
Nandi JS; Department of Virology, University College London Medical School,; United Kingdom. seema_nandi@hotmail.com
The unintegrated viral DNA found in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection includes linear and circular forms. The circular unintegrated viral DNA (CUVD) could be of either 1-long terminal repeat (LTR) or 2-LTR form. Inverse primers from nef (upstream) and gag (downstream) gene sequences of HIV-1 genome were des


Highly active antiretroviral therapy for patients with AIDS dementia complex: effect on MR imaging findings and clinical course.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000 Apr;21(4):670-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242870
Thurnher MM; Schindler EG; Thurnher SA; Pernerstorfer-Schon H; Kleibl-Popov C; Rieger A; Department of Radiology, University of Vienna, Austria.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies have reported the clinical improvement in patients with AIDS treated with a combination of antiretroviral regimens. The purpose of our study was to describe the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy on MR images in patients with HIV encephalopathy and to compare the cli


Duration of human immunodeficiency virus infection and likelihood of giving birth in a Medicaid population in Maryland.
Am J Epidemiol. 2000 May 15;151(10):1020-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310688
Lee LM; Wortley PM; Fleming PL; Eldred LJ; Gray RH; Department of Population and Family Health Sciences, School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,; MD, USA. LGL5@cdc.gov
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of duration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on a woman s likelihood of giving birth. Using longitudinal data from the Maryland state Human Immunodeficiency Virus Information System and a retrospective cohort design, the authors compared 1,642 women


High prevalence of alcoholism in dialysis patients.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20305337
Hegde A; Veis JH; Seidman A; Khan S; Moore J Jr; Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Washington; Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Alcoholism is one of the most common psychosocial disorders, affecting approximately 10% of the general population. The impact of alcoholism on the care of patients with other medical illnesses has not been addressed in many of these populations, including patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodi


Rapid shift from virally infected cells to germinal center-retained virus after HIV-2 infection of macaques.
Am J Pathol. 2000 Apr;156(4):1197-207. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216628
Eitner F; Cui Y; Grouard-Vogel G; Hudkins KL; Schmidt A; Birkebak T; Agy MB; Hu SL; Morton WR; Anderson DM; Clark EA; Alpers CE; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle,; Washington 98195, USA.
Lymphoid tissues are the primary target during the initial virus dissemination that occurs in HIV-1-infected individuals. Recent advances in antiretroviral therapy and techniques to monitor virus load in humans have demonstrated that the early stages of viral infection and host response are major determinants of the o


Proliferation in HHV-8-positive primary effusion lymphomas is associated with expression of HHV-8 cyclin but independent of p27(kip1).
Am J Pathol. 2000 Apr;156(4):1209-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216629
Carbone A; Gloghini A; Bontempo D; Monini P; Tirelli U; Volpe R; Browning PJ; Gaidano G; Division of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Istituto; di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale; Tumori, Aviano, Italy. acarbone@ets.it
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) develops in immunodeficient patients, selectively localizes to the serous body cavities, and harbors infection by human herpesvirus type-8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. HHV-8 encodes a viral (v)-cyclin homologous to cellular D-type cyclins, a class of p


Chemokine and chemokine-receptor expression in human glial elements: induction by the HIV protein, Tat, and chemokine autoregulation.
Am J Pathol. 2000 Apr;156(4):1441-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216651
McManus CM; Weidenheim K; Woodman SE; Nunez J; Hesselgesser J; Nath A; Berman JW; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalitis is a prominent pathology seen in children infected with HIV. Immunohistochemical analyses of pediatric brain tissue showed distinct differences in expression of C-C chemokines and their receptors between children with HIV encephalitis and those with non-CNS-related patho


Induction of HHV-8 lytic cycle replication by inflammatory cytokines produced by HIV-1-infected T cells.
Am J Pathol. 2000 Jun;156(6):1961-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313114
Mercader M; Taddeo B; Panella JR; Chandran B; Nickoloff BJ; Foreman KE; Department of Pathology and Skin Cancer Research Laboratories,; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153-5385, USA.
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is a gamma2-herpesvirus consistently identified in Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman s disease. Although HHV-8 infection appears to be necessary, it may not be sufficient for development of KS without the involvement of other cofactors. One potenti


Treatment-induced decline of human immunodeficiency virus-1 p24 and HIV-1 RNA in lymphoid tissue of patients with early human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection.
Am J Pathol. 2000 Jun;156(6):1973-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313115
Kuster H; Opravil M; Ott P; Schlaepfer E; Fischer M; Gunthard HF; Luthy R; Weber R; Cone RW; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich,; Switzerland. herbert.kuster@dim.usz.ch
We report detailed quantitative analysis of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) p24 and HIV-1 RNA in tonsil biopsies from 13 patients with early, asymptomatic HIV infection before and during combination antiretroviral therapy. Using fluorescent microscopy in conjunction with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain r


Expression of Tie1, Tie2, and angiopoietins 1, 2, and 4 in Kaposi's sarcoma and cutaneous angiosarcoma.
Am J Pathol. 2000 Jun;156(6):2179-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313133
Brown LF; Dezube BJ; Tognazzi K; Dvorak HF; Yancopoulos GD; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.; lbrown@caregroup.harvard.edu
The angiopoietins are recently described growth factors for vascular endothelium. The Tie1 and Tie2 receptors are expressed by endothelium. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and cutaneous angiosarcoma are malignancies of endothelial origin. KS involves primarily the skin and m


Adherence to protease inhibitor therapy and outcomes in patients with HIV infection.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322266 P
Paterson DL; Swindells S; Mohr J
Failure to develop HIV infection after receipt of HIV-contaminated blood and postexposure prophylaxis.
Ann Intern Med. 2000 Jul 4;133(1):31-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322267
Katzenstein TL; Dickmeiss E; Aladdin H; Hede A; Nielsen C; Nielsen H; Jorgensen LB; Gerstoft J; National University Hospital Rigshospitalet and State Serum; Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark. terese@rh.dk
3-year suppression of HIV viremia with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine.
Ann Intern Med. 2000 Jul 4;133(1):35-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322268
Gulick RM; Mellors JW; Havlir D; Eron JJ; Meibohm A; Condra JH; Valentine FT; McMahon D; Gonzalez C; Jonas L; Emini EA; Chodakewitz JA; Isaacs R; Richman DD; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York,; USA. rgulick@med.cornell.edu
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral regimens containing HIV protease inhibitors suppress viremia in HIV-infected patients, but the durability of this effect is not known. OBJECTIVE: To describe the 3-year follow-up of patients randomly assigned to receive indinavir, zidovudi


Renal amyloidosis in AIDS [letter]
Ann Intern Med. 2000 Jul 4;133(1):75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322278
Joseph A; Wali RK; Weinman EJ
Rapid clearance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from ventricular cerebrospinal fluid during antiretroviral treatment.
Ann Neurol. 2000 Jun;47(6):816-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309390
Eggers C; Stuerenburg HJ; Schafft T; Zollner B; Feucht HH; Stellbrink HJ; van Lunzen J; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg, Germany.
To understand the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus-induced neuropathology, it is critical to know the dynamics of viral replication in the central nervous system. Viral decay kinetics were mathematically analyzed from multiple serial specimens of ventricular cerebrospinal fluid and plasma during antiretrov


Cleavage of vimentin by different retroviral proteases.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2000 May 15;377(2):241-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20302323
Snasel J; Shoeman R; Horejsi M; Hruskova-Heidingsfeldova O; Sedlacek J; Ruml T; Pichova I; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and; Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague.
Proteases (PRs) of retroviruses cleave viral polyproteins into their mature structural proteins and replication enzymes. Besides this essential role in the replication cycle of retroviruses, PRs also cleave a variety of host cell proteins. We have analyzed the in vitro cleavage of mouse vimentin by proteases of human


Epidemiology of HIV and Schistosoma mansoni infections among sugar-estate residents in Ethiopia.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2000 Mar;94(2):145-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287205
Fontanet AL; Woldemichael T; Sahlu T; van Dam GJ; Messele T; Rinke de Wit T; Masho W; Yeneneh H; Coutinho RA; van Lieshout L; Ethiopian-Netherlands AIDS Research Project, Ethiopian Health and; Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; afontanet@gggd.amsterdam.nl
Few studies have examined the interaction between schistosomiasis and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The overlap between the two infections, and the effect of HIV infection on the egg output and worm load of individuals co-infected with Schistosoma mansoni, were therefore investigated in a sugar es


Early peripheral lymph node involvement of human herpesvirus 8-associated, body cavity-based lymphoma in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative patient.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000 May;124(5):753-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20245181
Ariad S; Benharroch D; Lupu L; Davidovici B; Dupin N; Boshoff C; Department of Oncology, Soroka Medical Center and Ben Gurion; University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.; ariad@bgumail.bgu.ac.il
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), or Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is a gamma herpesvirus first detected in a specimen of Kaposi sarcoma from a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient. Human herpesvirus 8 is also found in an unusual clinicopathologic form of body cavity-based B-cell lymphoma, which has


Mucosal leishmaniasis presenting as sinusitis and optic neuropathy.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2000 Jun;118(6):852-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20325598
Huna-Baron R; Warren FA; Miller W; Jacobs J; Green J; Kupersmith MJ; Institute for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Medical; Center, North Division, 170 East End Ave, New York, NY 10128,; USA.
Facial and perioral molluscum contagiosum as a manifestation of HIV infection.
Aust Dent J. 2000 Mar;45(1):49-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20305628
Kolokotronis A; Antoniades D; Katsoulidis E; Kioses V; Dental School of Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a self-limiting viral disease of the skin and the mucous membranes. Facial and perioral MC is seen with increasing frequency in human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection, particularly in HIV infected homosexual men. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical observations of facial an


Are T cells in rheumatoid synovium aggressors or bystanders?
Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2000 May;12(3):181-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260891
Miossec P; Department of Immunology, Hopital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.; miossec@laennec.univ-lyon1.fr
T cells have been directly associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) because they represent the largest cell population infiltrating the synovium. Their direct contribution to disease and joint destruction has been more difficult to demonstrate. Locally, they interact with other blood-derived and resident cells. Some


Plans to hasten death among gay men with HIV/AIDS: relationship to psychological adjustment.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):125-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287189
Goggin K; Sewell M; Ferrando S; Evans S; Fishman B; Rabkin J; Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City; 64110, USA. goggink@umkc.edu
This study assessed the prevalence and nature of thoughts and future plans to end one s life in a group of gay men with HIV/AIDS over an 18-month period. HIV-positive men (n = 167) participated in a series of clinical interviews which measured current health status, current and past psychiatric disorders, current leve


Training of obstetric nurses and HIV testing in pregnancy at a managed care organization.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):137-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287190
Garcia ML; Grimes RM; University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, School of; Public Health 77225, USA. mgarcia@sph.uth.tmc.edu
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an HIV Training Programme for obstetric nurses at a managed care organization. Nurses were trained to counsel pregnant women about the HIV antibody test according to the latest recommendations made by the US Public Health Service and the Texas legislature.


Work-related stress and occupational burnout in AIDS caregivers: test of a coping model with nurses providing AIDS care.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):149-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287191
Gueritault-Chalvin V; Kalichman SC; Demi A; Peterson JL; Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia; State University, Atlanta 30303-3083, USA.; vchalvin@worldnet.att.net
Occupational stress and burnout are potential threats to quality of care for people living with HIV/AIDS. A total of 445 nurses who provide care to people living with HIV/AIDS responded to an anonymous postal survey that consisted of: demographic and work history questions, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Rotter s Inte


Risk behaviours for HIV and hepatitis infection among anabolic-androgenic steroid users.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):163-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287192
Midgley SJ; Heather N; Best D; Henderson D; McCarthy S; Davies JB; Centre for Alcohol and Drug Studies, Newcastle City Health NHS; Trust, London, UK.
This study examined HIV and hepatitis risk behaviours among anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users and controls, providing a detailed assessment of both injection and sexual practices. Fifty AAS-using and 40 non-AAS-using weight trainers completed a semi-structured interview followed by a detailed questionnaire. The


A scale of optimism-scepticism in the context of HIV treatments.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):171-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287193
Van de Ven P; Crawford J; Kippax S; Knox S; Prestage G; National Centre in HIV Social Research, Faculty of Arts and; Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney,; Australia. p.vandeven@unsw.edu.au
The aim of this research was to develop a brief scale of gay men s optimism-scepticism in the context of new HIV treatments. Following comprehensive literature search and communication with other researchers, 34 items about viral load testing, HIV therapies and concern about HIV infection were generated. By way of ano


A review of HIV testing policies and procedures for pregnant women in public maternity units of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):177-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287194
Bergenstrom A; Sherr L; Department of Country Planning and Programme Development, UNAIDS,; Geneva, Switzerland. bergenstroma@unaids.org
HIV/AIDS is considered one of the major public health issues in Brazil , with 120,399 notified AIDS cases by 1998 (Aristedes Barbosa et al., 1998). Rio Grande do Sul (RS) reports the highest HIV prevalence in women in the country (Louireiro et al., 1998) and local sero-surveillance


The implementation of the DHHS guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-infected adults: a pilot study.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):187-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287195
Mann T; Grusky O; Marelich W; Erger J; Bing E; UCLA Department of Psychology 90095-1563, USA.; mann@psych.ucla.edu
The objective of this study was to assess whether United States DHHS guidelines for treatment with antiretroviral therapies are being implemented by health care providers when discussing treatment options with newly diagnosed HIV patients. Health care providers were observed interactin


Correlates of high-risk sexual behaviour among Canadian men of South Asian and European origin who have sex with men.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):193-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287196
Ratti R; Bakeman R; Peterson JL; Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia; State University, Atlanta 30303-3083, USA.
A sample of 98 Canadian homosexual and bisexual men, 46 of South Asian and 52 of European origin, who had sex with other than an exclusive primary partner were asked about their high-risk sexual behaviours during the previous six months. They were also queried about internalized homophobia, acculturation to the gay co


Knowledge about HIV/AIDS, the perceived risks of infection and sources of information of Asian-Indian adolescents born in the USA.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):203-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287197
Bhattacharya G; Cleland C; Holland S; National Development and Research Institutes (NDRI), New York,; USA. gbhattac@uiuc.edu
This study examined the extent and specificity of knowledge about HIV/AIDS, the most used sources of information and the usefulness of these sources among Asian-Indian adolescents who were born in the USA and whose parents emigrated from India. Although 86% knew that having unsafe sex with a person infected with HIV c


Modalities of palliative care in hospitalized patients with advanced AIDS.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):211-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287198
Vincent I; D'Herouville D; Moulin P; Bugler C; Fraval J; Mallet D; Salamagne MH; Vilde JL; Jodelet D; Leport C; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Bichat-Claude Bernard; Hospital, Paris, France.
This prospective multidisciplinary survey started in October 1994. The survey assessed the modalities of care of hospitalized patients with advanced AIDS in an Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit with regards to the practices of palliative care in a Palliative Care Unit. Seventy-eight (78) AIDS patients with CD4


When always isn't enough: implications of the late application of condoms for the validity and reliability of self-reported condom use.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):221-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287199
de Visser RO; Smith AM; Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health & Society, La Trobe; University, Melbourne, Australia. R.deVisser@latrobe.edu.au
Condoms are most effective when they are applied before intercourse. This study assessed the prevalence of condom cheats --instances of condom use in which the condom is put on after initial penetration. As part of a prospective study of safer sexual behaviour, 103 heterosexual tertiary students completed a condom us


An evaluation of peer-led STD/HIV prevention work in a public sex environment.
AIDS Care. 2000 Apr;12(2):225-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287200
French R; Power R; Mitchell S; Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Royal Free and; University College Medical School, London, UK.; rfrench@gum.ucl.ac.uk
This paper describes an independent evaluation of a peer-led STD/HIV prevention intervention conducted by Gay Men Fighting AIDS (GMFA) in a public sex environment (PSE). A variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed to collect data on the intervention process as well as its outcomes. The mai


Combination gene therapy: synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus Tat and Rev functions by a single RNA molecule.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239429
Lisziewicz J; Zeng G; Gratas C; Weinstein JN; Lori F; Research Institute for Genetic and Human Therapy, Washington, DC; 20007, USA.
Current drug combinations can achieve long-term suppression of HIV replication in infected individuals. Unfortunately, complicated dosing schedules and high toxicity make long-term compliance with drug regimens difficult for most patients. Gene therapy may provide a permanent solution for HIV disease by generating cel


A hyperfusogenic gibbon ape leukemia envelope glycoprotein: targeting of a cytotoxic gene by ligand display.
Hum Gene Ther. 2000 Apr 10;11(6):817-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239430
Fielding AK; Chapel-Fernandes S; Chadwick MP; Bullough FJ; Cosset FL; Russell SJ; Hematology and Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; 55902, USA.
An important goal in cancer gene therapy is the development of novel targeted cytotoxic genes. The observation that transfection of a GaLV envelope glycoprotein lacking an R peptide into human cells results in considerable cell-cell fusion and subsequent cell death prompted us to explore the potential for using this f


Immune responses against replication-deficient adenovirus inhibit ovalbumin-specific allergic reactions in mice.
Hum Gene Ther. 2000 Apr 10;11(6):827-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239431
Suzuki M; Suzuki S; Yamamoto N; Komatsu S; Inoue S; Hashiba T; Nishikawa M; Ishigatsubo Y; First Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama City University; School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Japan.; motosuzuki@email.msn.com
Replication-deficient adenovirus vector (Ad) is one of the most efficient gene transfer vehicles for human gene therapy. However, Ad is antigenic, known to evoke prominent inflammatory responses in vivo, and there are concerns that using Ad in patients with immune-mediated disorders (allergy and autoimmune diseases) m


Modified human immunodeficiency virus-based lentiviral vectors display decreased sensitivity to trans-dominant Rev.
Hum Gene Ther. 2000 Apr 10;11(6):895-908. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239437
Mautino MR; Ramsey WJ; Reiser J; Morgan RA; Clinical Gene Therapy Branch, National Human Genome Research; Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892-1851, USA.
As a first step toward the development of HIV-based conditionally replicating defective interfering particles expressing trans-dominant Rev (TdRev), we studied whether mutation of the splicing signals and replacement of the RRE by the SRV-1 CTE would render these vectors less sensitive to TdRev. Vectors with mutations


Introduction to the 1999 USPHS/IDSA guidelines for the prevention of opportunistic infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;30 Suppl 1:S1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235192
Masur H; Holmes KK; Kaplan JE; National Institutes of Health, Critical Care Medicine Department,; Bethesda, MD 20892-1662, USA. hmasur@nih.gov.
Opportunistic infections (OIs) are well recognized to produce substantial morbidity and mortality among patients with HIV infection. Since measures are available for reducing the incidence and the impact of these processes for patients, the United States Public Health Service and the I


An overview of the 1999 US Public Health Service/Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;30 Suppl 1:S15-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235194
Kaplan JE; Masur H; Holmes KK; Freedberg KA; Holtgrave D; Piscitelli SC; Van Dyke R; Watts H; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. jxk2@cdc.gov.
1999 USPHS/IDSA guidelines for the prevention of opportunistic infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;30 Suppl 1:S29-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235195
Epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus-associated opportunistic infections in the United States in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;30 Suppl 1:S5-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235193
Kaplan JE; Hanson D; Dworkin MS; Frederick T; Bertolli J; Lindegren ML; Holmberg S; Jones JL; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology,; National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for; Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.; jxk2@cdc.gov.
The incidence of nearly all AIDS-defining opportunistic infections (OIs) decreased significantly in the United States during 1992-1998; decreases in the most common OIs (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia :PCP, esophageal candidiasis, and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex :MAC disea


Discontinuing prophylaxis for opportunistic infection: guiding principles.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;30 Suppl 1:S66-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235196
Currier JS; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA; 90095, USA. jscurrier@mednet.ucla.edu.
Several large observational studies have documented the reduced risk of opportunistic infections among recipients of potent combination antiretroviral therapy. These data raise the question of whether subjects who respond to antiretroviral therapy need to continue prophylaxis for opportunistic infection. Factors to co


Human herpesvirus 8 and Kaposi's sarcoma in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;30 Suppl 1:S72-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235197
Gnann JW Jr; Pellett PE; Jaffe HW; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases,; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170,; USA. jgnann@uab.edu.
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) was detected in 1994 in biopsies of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) tissues from a patient with AIDS. The evidence that HHV-8 infection is etiologically related to the development of KS is compelling. Essentially all patients with KS of any epidemiological type have serological evidence of HHV-8 infe


Hepatitis C virus infection as an opportunistic disease in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;30 Suppl 1:S77-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235198
Sulkowski MS; Mast EE; Seeff LB; Thomas DL; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287,; USA. msulkows@jhmi.edu.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family and is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Owing to shared routes of transmission, HCV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection are common, affecting approximately one-third of all HIV-infected persons


Performance measures for guidelines on preventing opportunistic infections in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus [published erratum appears in Clin Infect Dis 2000 May;30(5):841]
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;30 Suppl 1:S85-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235199
Gross PA; Asch S; Kitahata MM; Freedberg KA; Barr D; Melnick DA; Bozzette SA; Bozette SA/[corrected to Bozzette SA]; Department of Internal Medicine, Hackensack University Medical; Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA.
This article serves as a complement to the 1999 US Public Health Service/Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines on the prevention of opportunistic infections in persons infected with HIV, published in this issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases [1]. A number of performance measures to assess compliance with


Nutritional assessment of vitamin E in malnourished patients with AIDS.
Nutrition. 2000 May;16(5):339-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20255247
Pontes Monteiro J; Ferreira da Cunha D; Freire Carvalho Cunha S; Modesto dos Santos V; Jordao AA; Correia D; Silva-Vergara ML; Vannucchi H; Junior VR; Pires Bianchi ML; Nutrition Support Team, Medical School of Uberaba, Uberaba,; Brazil.
Malnourished patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may have low serum levels and reduced intake of alpha-tocopherol, mainly in the presence of acute-phase response. The aims of this study were to compare intake and serum levels of alpha-tocopherol between malnourished (MN) and non-malnourished (NMN)


Mbeki appoints team to look at cause of AIDS [news]
BMJ. 2000 May 13;320(7245):1291. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20267670
Sidley P
Methadone maintenance and cessation of injecting drug use: results from the Amsterdam Cohort Study.
Addiction. 2000 Apr;95(4):591-600. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20288143
Langendam MW; van Brussel GH; Coutinho RA; van Ameijden EJ; Division of Public Health and Environment, Municipal Health; Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. mlangendam@gggd.amsterdam.nl
AIMS: To assess relationships between characteristics of methadone maintenance treatment and long-term cessation of injecting (> or = 1 year). DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: The incidence of cessation of injecting and relapse from non-injecting to injecting was estimated among 488 participants of the Amsterdam cohort study


[Preventive measures against AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases known by students in the health field]
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 1999 Jan;7(1):11-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20199108
Gir E; Moriya TM; Hayashida M; Duarte G; Machado AA; Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto da Universidade de Sao; Paulo.
This study was carried out in to identify the preventive measures against Aids and other Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) that undergraduate health students predominantly know and to identify if there is a significant difference among the measures mentioned, considering the sex of subjects studied. A questionnaire


Identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of cisapride: in vitro studies of potential co-medication interactions.
Br J Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;129(8):1655-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20243346
Bohets H; Lavrijsen K; Hendrickx J; van Houdt J; van Genechten V; Verboven P; Meuldermans W; Heykants J; Janssen Research Foundation, Department of Pharmacokinetics,; Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium. hbohets@janbe.jnj.com
Cisapride is a prokinetic drug that is widely used to facilitate gastrointestinal tract motility. Structurally, cisapride is a substituted piperidinyl benzamide that interacts with 5-hydroxytryptamine-4 receptors and which is largely without central depressant or antidopaminergic side-effects. The aims of this study w


Recombinant nef HIV-IIIB protein is toxic to human neurons in culture.
Brain Res. 2000 May 12;864(2):315-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20263604
Trillo-Pazos G; McFarlane-Abdulla E; Campbell IC; Pilkington GJ; Everall IP; Section of Experimental Neuropathology and Psychiatry, Department; of Neuropathology, IoP, King's College London, De Crespigny Park,; London, UK.
The expression of HIV-1 negative factor (nef) has been positively correlated with HIV disease progression [Z. Hanna, D.G. Kay, N. Rebai, A. Guimond, S. Jothy, P. Jocicoeur, Nef harbors a makor determinant of pathogenicity for an AIDS-like disease induced by HIV-1 in transgenic mice. Cell 95 (1998) 163-175]. Nef expres


Antenatal and perinatal predictors of infant mortality in rural Malawi.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2000 May;82(3):F200-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257087
Vaahtera M; Kulmala T; Ndekha M; Koivisto AM; Cullinan T; Salin ML; Ashorn P; Medical School, University of Tampere, PO Box 607, FIN-33101; Tampere, Finland. merimaaria.vaahtera@kolumbus.fi
BACKGROUND: The slow pace in the reduction of infant mortality in sub-Saharan Africa has partially been attributed to the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To facilitate early interventions, antenatal and perinatal predictors of 1st year mortality were identified in a rural community in souther


Production and concentration of pseudotyped HIV-1-based gene transfer vectors.
Gene Ther. 2000 Jun;7(11):910-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309942
Reiser J; Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Strategies to generate highly concentrated HIV-1 vector pseudotypes involving different envelope (Env) proteins including the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G glycoprotein, the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) 4070A amphotropic Env and the rabies G glycoprotein were established. Virus stocks were prepared by tran


Peripheral tolerance to human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein occurs by cross-tolerization, is largely Th-2-independent, and is broken by dendritic cell immunization.
Cancer Res. 2000 Jun 1;60(11):2810-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306592
Doan T; Herd KA; Lambert PF; Fernando GJ; Street MD; Tindle RW; Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, University of; Queensland, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, Australia.
The E7 oncoprotein of human papillomavirus 16 functions as a tumor-specific antigen in transformed epithelial cells of the uterine cervix to which immunotherapeutic strategies aimed at CTL induction may be directed. We previously have shown in mice transgenic for the E7 gene driven off an epithelial specific (keratin-


Cationic lipid:bacterial DNA complexes elicit adaptive cellular immunity in murine intraperitoneal tumor models.
Cancer Res. 2000 Jun 1;60(11):2955-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306616
Lanuti M; Rudginsky S; Force SD; Lambright ES; Siders WM; Chang MY; Amin KM; Kaiser LR; Scheule RK; Albelda SM; Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center,; Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Previous studies with a mycobacterial heat shock protein (hsp-65) have demonstrated some efficacy using cationic liposome-mediated gene transfer in murine i.p. sarcoma models. To further analyze the efficacy of hsp-65 immunotherapy in clinically relevant models of localized cancer, immunocompetent mice bearing i.p. mu


Renal involvement in HIV-infection. Results from the Frankfurt AIDS Cohort Study (FACS) and a review of the literature.
Eur J Med Res. 2000 May 23;5(5):185-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268156
Viertel A; Weidmann E; Rickerts V; Scheuermann EH; Geiger H; Brodt H; Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical Clinic III, Johann; Wolfgang Goethe- Universitat, Theodor Stern Kai 7, D-60590; Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
The current report describes the experience from the Frankfurt AIDS Cohort Study with patients suffering from renal failure. The clinical data of 4993 HIV-infected patients between 1983 and 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were seen at least twice a year and clinical features, routine laboratory results, i


Indication, outcome and follow up of intensive care in patients with HIV-infection.
Eur J Med Res. 2000 May 23;5(5):199-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268157
Leifeld L; Rockstroh J; Skaide S; Wasmuth JC; Altfeld M; Paar WD; Sauerbruch T; Spengler U; Medizinische Universitats-Klinik und Poliklinik I, Rheinische; Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn, Sigmund Freud Str. 25,; D-53105 Bonn, Germany. l.leifeld@uni-bonn.de.
BACKGROUND/AIM: The admission to intensive care is controversially discussed in patients with HIV infection, since life expectancy is limited. Therefore, we analyzed indications, outcomes and follow up of all patients with confirmed HIV-infection and Aids defining symptoms who had been admitted to the intensive care u


Engineering viral promoters for gene transfer to human neuroblasts.
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2000 Jun;20(3):409-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248699
Cara A; Lucarelli E; Cornaglia-Ferraris P; Department of Infectious Diseases, Mount Sinai School of; Medicine, New York, New York, USA. acara@usa.net
1. The strength and activity of several viral promoters in human neuroblasts were evaluated in vitro. 2. Several luciferase reporter gene constructs under the control of different viral promoters (HIV-1 LTR, HTLV-I LTR, MMTV LTR, RSV LTR, CMV , SV40), in the pres


Rapid full-length genomic sequencing of two cytopathically heterogeneous Australian primary HIV-1 isolates.
J Biomed Sci. 2000 Mar-Apr;7(2):128-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF042101
Oelrichs RB; Lawson VA; Coates KM; Chatfield C; Deacon NJ; McPhee DA; AIDS, Molecular, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research,; Fairfield, Australia. oelrichs@loxinfo.co.th
Two Australian HIV-1 isolates, derived from patient blood (HIV(MBC200)) and cerebrospinal fluid (HIV(MBC925)), were characterized after in vitro culture in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Although virus replication was similar, as measured by cell-free reverse transcriptase activity, only one of the two iso


Genetic reassortment and patch repair by recombination in retroviruses.
J Biomed Sci. 2000 Mar-Apr;7(2):77-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219732
Mikkelsen JG; Pedersen FS; Department of Molecular and Structural Biology, University of; Aarhus, Denmark.
Retroviral particles contain a diploid RNA genome which serves as template for the synthesis of double-stranded DNA in a complex process guided by virus-encoded reverse transcriptase. The dimeric nature of the genome allows the proceeding polymerase to switch templates during copying of the copackaged RNA molecules, l


The pH-dependent biphasic release of azidothymidine from a layered composite of PVA disks and P(MMA/MAA) spheres.
J Controlled Release. 2000 Jun 15;67(1):45-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238142
Huang J; Kao H; Wu XY; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario,; Canada.
A composite device was developed to provide a biphasic drug release using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(methylmethacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (P(MMA/MAA)) spheres. Azidothymidine ( AZT ), an anti-HIV agent with a short biological half-life, was u


[Deficiency of the CD3-TCR signal pathway in three patients with idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia]
J Soc Biol. 1999;193(1):11-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310099
Hubert P; Bergeron F; Grenot P; Seligman M; Krivitzky A; Debre P; Autran B; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7627, Hopital; Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare syndrome affecting adults and defined by a stable loss of CD4+ T cells in the absence of any known cause of immune deficiency. Defective T-cell proliferations to mitogens and antigens have been described in some of such patients displaying clinical signs of immune defici


[Antiretroviral therapy and immune reconstitution]
J Soc Biol. 1999;193(1):5-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310098
Carcelain G; Li TS; Renaud M; Blanc C; Tubiana R; Calvez V; Leibowitch J; Debre P; Agut H; Katlama C; Autran B; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Hopital; Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
The course of the HIV infection has been dramatically modified since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) combining inhibitors of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease. Despite some controversies about the extent to which the immune system can normalize, it is generally admitted nowa


Reduction in serum leptin and IGF-1 but preserved T-lymphocyte numbers and activation after a ketogenic diet in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2000 Mar-Apr;18(2):209-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20272373
Fraser DA; Thoen J; Bondhus S; Haugen M; Reseland JE; Djoseland O; Forre O; Kjeldsen-Kragh J; Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; DFRA@nycomed.com
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical, immunological and hormonal effects of carbohydrate restriction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients via the provision of a ketogenic diet. METHODS: Thirteen RA patients with active disease consumed a ketogenic diet for 7 days, providing the estimated requirements for energy and prot


Septic arthritis caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [letter]
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2000 Mar-Apr;18(2):265. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20272387
Belzunegui J; De Dios JR; Intxausti JJ; Iribarren JA
Interventions aimed at decreasing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257218
Brocklehurst P; National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Health; Sciences, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, UK, OX3 7LF.; peter.brocklehurst@perinat.ox.ac.uk
BACKGROUND: At the end of 1998 over 33 million people were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and over one million children had been infected from their mothers. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess what interventions may be effective in decreasing the risk of mother-to-child transm


Drugs for preventing tuberculosis in HIV infected persons.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000171. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257591
Wilkinson D; South Australian Centre for Rural and Remote Health, University; of South Australia - Whyalla Campus, Nicholson Avenue, Whyalla; Norrie, Australia, SA 5608. david.wilkinson@unisa.edu.au
BACKGROUND: People with HIV have a increased risk of developing tuberculosis. Preventive therapy may help prevent progression of tuberculosis infection to disease. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of preventive therapy with anti-tuberculosis drugs in people with HIV infection. SEARCH


Interventions for treating trichomoniasis in women.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000218. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257602
Gulmezoglu AM; Forna F; Special Department of Research, Development and Research Training; in Human Reproduction, UNDP/UNFPA/WHO/World Bank, World Health; Organisation, Geneva 27, Switzerland, CH-1211. gulmezoglum@who.ch
OBJECTIVES: Around 120 million women worldwide suffer from Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis every year. The infection is sexually transmitted and is believed to facilitate HIV transmission. The objective of the review is to assess the effects of various treatment strategies for trichomoniasis in women. SEARCH STRATEGY:


Interventions for encouraging sexual lifestyles and behaviours intended to prevent cervical cancer.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001035. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257815
Shepherd J; Weston R; Peersman G; Napuli IZ; NCCHTA, Wessex Institute for Health Research and Development,; University of Southampton, Boldrewood, Bassett Crescent East,; Southampton, Hants, UK, SO16 7PX. jps@soton.ac.uk
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women world-wide. Prevention falls into two main categories - primary and secondary. Primary prevention is characterised by health promotion to promote lifestyles and behaviours minimising risk of cervical cancer. Interventions to promote the use


Isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in non-HIV infected persons.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001363. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257732
Smieja MJ; Marchetti CA; Cook DJ; Smaill FM; Laboratory Medicine, McMaster University Medical Centre,; Microbiology HSC- 2N29, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario,; Canada, L8N 3Z5. smiejam@fhs.csu.mcmaster.ca
BACKGROUND: Although isoniazid (INH) is commonly used for treating tuberculosis (TB), it is also effective as preventive therapy. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to estimate the effect of 6 and 12 month courses of INH for preventing TB in HIV-negative people at increased risk of developing active TB. SEAR


Steroids for treating tuberculous pleurisy.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001876. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257759
Matchaba PT; Volmink J; Cochrane Collaboration, Medical Research Council, PO Box 19070,; Tygerberg 7505, Cape Town, South Africa, 7505. pmatchab@mrc.ac.za
BACKGROUND: TB of the pleura is associated with inflammation and fibrosis. Steroids could reduce the effects of the inflammation, but the immunosuppression could make patients vunerable. OBJECTIVES: This review aims to summarise the evidence about the effects of corticosteroids in patients with TB of the pleura, and e


Nystatin prophylaxis and treatment in severely immunodepressed patients.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD002033. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257928
Gotzsche PC; Johansen HK; The Nordic Cochrane Centre, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9,; Copenhagen O, Denmark, 2100. p.c.gotzsche@cochrane.dk
BACKGROUND: Nystatin is sometimes used prophylactically in patients with severe immunodeficiency or in the treatment of fungal infection in such patients, although the effect seems to be equivocal. OBJECTIVES: To study whether nystatin decreases morbidity and mortality when given prophylactically or therapeutically to


Three- or four- versus two-drug antiretroviral maintenance regimens for HIV infection.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD002037. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257932
Rutherford GW; Feldman KA; Kennedy GE; University of California, San Francisco, Prevention Sciences; Group, San Francisco, California 94105-3444, USA.; grutherford@psg.ucsf.edu
BACKGROUND: Combination antiretroviral therapy administered to HIV-infected individuals has been shown to improve immunologic function and delay the progression of HIV infection. However, because patient adherence to complicated combination-therapy antiretroviral regimens is difficult and because of concerns regarding


Zidovudine (AZT) versus AZT plus didanosine (ddI) versus AZT plus zalcitabine (ddC) in HIV infected adults.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD002038. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257933
Darbyshire J; Foulkes M; Peto R; Duncan W; Babiker A; Collins R; Hughes M; Peto T; Walker A; MRC Clinical Trials Unit, 222 Euston Road, London, UK, NW1 2DA.; j.darbyshire@mrc.ctu.ac.uk
BACKGROUND: Zidovudine ( AZT ) monotherapy was the first antiretroviral drug to be tested widely. The next two drugs to be developed were didanosine (ddI) and zalcitabine ( ddC ). OBJECTI


Immediate versus deferred zidovudine (AZT) in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic HIV infected adults.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD002039. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257934
Darbyshire J; Foulkes M; Peto R; Duncan W; Babiker A; Collins R; Hughes M; Peto T; Walker A; MRC Clinical Trials Unit, 222 Euston Road, London, UK, NW1 2DA.; j.darbyshire@mrc.ctu.ac.uk
BACKGROUND: Zidovudine ( AZT ) monotherapy was the first antiretroviral drug to be tested widely. Subsequent trials in asymptomatic or early symptomatic HIV infection indicated short-term delays in disease progression with AZT, but not improved survival


Relationships between the activity of MMP1/TIMP1 enzymes and the TH1/TH2 cytokine network.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1999 Dec;14(6):465-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308879
Contasta I; Berghella AM; Pellegrini P; Del Beato T; Casciani CA; Adorno D; Istituto CNR di Tipizzazione Tissutale e Problemi della Dialisi,; L'Aquila, Italia. ittppp12@area.ba.cnr.it
The evaluation of the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) would appear to be important in cancer patients. Since the activity of these enzymes is regulated at the gene level by cytokines, we studied the serum relationships between MMP1/TIMP1 and the netw


Accelerated bone mineral loss in HIV-positive patients [editorial]
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):192, 200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268639
Laurence J
Psychiatry and HIV: Part 2.
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):201-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268640
Goldenberg D; Boyle B; Center for Special Studies, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill; Medical College of Cornell University, USA.
Perinatal guidelines for use of antiretroviral drugs updated [news]
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268641
Minorities with AIDS getting less appropriate care than whites [news]
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268642
$16 million in substance abuse treatment grants available [news]
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):207. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268644
Ethical guidelines on HIV vaccine research [news]
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):207. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268643
Glaser Pediatric Research Network Launched [news]
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):207-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268645
Bristol-Myers Squibb launches $2 million AIDS grant program [news]
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):208. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268648
Spanish HIV/AIDS Q&A forum [news]
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):208. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268646
Yale and University of Connecticut receive $6 million to fight the spread of HIV [news]
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):208. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268647
Is there a role for immunotherapy in controlling HIV infection?
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):209-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268649
Lederman MM; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland,; USA.
Although HAART restores immune function in patients with HIV infection, restoration is incomplete. Functional restoration is seen primarily in responses to antigens that are prevalent in HIV-infected persons. Immunization is required to restore responses to antigens that are not predictably present. As an exception, H


Can antiretroviral therapy ever be stopped?
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268650
Siliciano R; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
A pool of latently infected CD4+ T cells is established within the first few weeks of HIV infection. Because these memory T cells are inactive, the viral DNA integrated into their chromosomes remains invisible to immune surveillance and to antiretrovirals. Research shows that this reservoir of infected memory T cells


Clinicians' discussion: trends in HIV care.
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):233-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268651
Braun J; el-Sadr W; Merrick S; Rubin D; Vogler M; Frost KR; Liberty Medical, New York, USA.
Preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV: practical strategies for developing countries.
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):241-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268652
Dabis F; Leroy V; INSERM unit U.330, Institut de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie et; Developpement (ISPED), Universite Victor Segalen, Bordeaux,; France.
The HIV pandemic has greatly affected women of childbearing age in developing countries and, thus, their offspring, through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the virus. Scientific advances, most of them established by randomized clinical trials, have recently led to the development of practical strategies aiming


HIV prevention in the era of HAART: implications for providers.
AIDS Read. 2000 Apr;10(4):247-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268653
Remien RH; Smith RA; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York,; USA.
This article reviews the medical literature regarding the association between reduced HIV viremia caused by use of HAART and the risk of HIV transmission, finding that there is a correlation but that it is not absolute. It then examines the behavioral literature, which indicates that there is evidence, though far from


Epidemiology of HIV infection in the newborn.
Early Hum Dev. 2000 Apr;58(1):1-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20247132
Thorne C; Newell ML; Institute of Child Health, Department of Paediatric Epidemiology,; 30 Guildford Street, London, UK.
Vertical transmission of HIV infection can take place in utero, during delivery and postnatally through breastfeeding, with about three-quarters of infections occurring around the time of delivery in non-breastfeeding populations. In Europe, in the absence of specific interventions, the vertical transmission rate was


Effect of antiretroviral therapy on cryptosporidiosis and microsporidiosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;19(3):213-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254612
Maggi P; Larocca AM; Quarto M; Serio G; Brandonisio O; Angarano G; Pastore G; Institute of Infectious Disease, University of Bari -; Policlinico, Italy. g.angarano@clininf.uniba.it
To better understand whether potent antiretroviral therapies can modify the natural history of HIV-1-associated microsporidiosis and cryptosporidiosis, the response to antimicrobial treatment of these opportunistic infections was evaluated in patients with or without a


A case of Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection in an HIV-negative renal transplant recipient.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;19(3):221-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254614
Metge S; Van Nhieu JT; Dahmane D; Grimbert P; Foulet F; Sarfati C; Bretagne S; Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hopital Henri Mondor,; Creteil, France.
Reported here is a case of microsporidiosis that occurred in an HIV-negative renal transplant recipient. The patient developed protracted diarrhea 18 months following transplant surgery. Many spores of Enterocytozoon bieneusi were detected in stool smears using a modif


Clinicoepidemiological features of immigrants with tuberculosis living in Madrid, Spain.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;19(3):236-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254618
Huerga H; Lopez-Velez R; Navas E; Gomez-Mampaso E; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Ramon y Cajal,; Madrid, Spain.
Influence of prior HIV-1 infection on the development of chronic hepatitis B infection.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;19(3):237-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254619
Gatanaga H; Yasuoka A; Kikuchi Y; Tachikawa N; Oka S; AIDS Clinical Center, International Medical Center of Japan,; Tokyo.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva as initial presenting sign in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to human immunodeficiency virus type-2 [letter]
Eye. 2000 Apr;14 ( Pt 2):246-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20303447
Fogla R; Biswas J; Kumar SK; Madhavan HN; Kumarasamy N; Solomon S
Molecular cloning and characterization of a human homologue of TBPIP, a BRCA1 locus-related gene.
Gene. 2000 May 2;248(1-2):99-107. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AB030304
Ijichi H; Tanaka T; Nakamura T; Yagi H; Hakuba A; Sato M; First Department of Anatomy, Osaka City University Medical; School, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, Japan.
Here we clone the human homologue of TBPIP [Tat binding protein 1(TBP-1)-interacting protein]. TBPIP is a molecule that has been cloned from mouse as a cofactor of TBP-1. Eighty-eight per cent of the deduced amino acid sequence of human TBPIP coincides with that of mouse TBPIP. CAT assay reveals that human TBPIP could


Human immunodeficiency virus infection and invasive cervical cancer in South Africa.
Gynecol Oncol. 2000 Jun;77(3):460-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20293097
Lomalisa P; Smith T; Guidozzi F; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and; Gynecology, Johannesburg Hospital and University of the; Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South; Africa.
PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine whether South African HIV-seropositive women with invasive cervical cancer present with disease that is more advanced than that of HIV-seronegative women and whether degree of immunosuppression affects the extent of disease at initial presentation. METHODS: This study i


HIV infection, dental treatment demands and needs among patients seeking dental services at the Muhimbili Medical Centre in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Int Dent J. 1999 Jun;49(3):153-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316552
Matee M; Nguvumali H; Lembariti B; Kalyanyama B; Shubi F; Scheutz F; Muhimbili University, College of Health Sciences, Department of; Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dar-es-Salaam,; Tanzania.
The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to determine the frequency of HIV infection among dental patients attending the three dental facilities at Muhimbili Medical Centre (MMC) in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania , and to compare the dental treatment demands and needs of the pat


Clinical management of selected oral fungal and viral infections during HIV-disease.
Int Dent J. 1999 Oct;49(5):251-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316565
Reichart PA; Abteilung fur Oralchirurgie und Zahnarztliche Rontgenologie,; Universitatsklinikum Charite, Medizinische Fakultat,; Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Germany.
The purpose of this review is to describe current possibilities of management of selected fungal and viral oral opportunistic infections including oral candidiasis, herpes simplex type 1 and 2-related lesions (HSV1,2), oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) and oral lesions associated with human papilloma viruses (HPV). Less co


Programmed cell death in 2',3'-dideoxycytidine-resistant human monoblastoid U937 cells.
Histochem J. 2000 Feb;32(2):115-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20273561
Antonelli A; Luchetti F; Cerasi A; Columbaro M; Papa S; Falcieri E; Magnani M; Istituto di Chimica Biologica G. Fornaini, Italy.
2 ,3 -Dideoxycytidine is a powerful in vitro inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus and is currently used in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A long-term exposure of U937 monoblastoid cells to dideoxycytidine induces the selection of drug-resistant cells (U937-R). In previous studies, we investi


Leucocyte phenotypes in involuting and fully involuted mammary glandular tissues and secretions of sheep.
J Anat. 2000 Apr;196 ( Pt 3):313-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20311001
Tatarczuch L; Philip C; Bischof R; Lee CS; Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne,; Victoria, Australia.
Mammary glandular tissues and mammary secretions were obtained from sheep at 2-60 d after weaning to study the leucocyte phenotypes associated with mammary involution. From 2-4 d after weaning, neutrophils were the predominant leucocytes in the alveolar and ductal lumina. Lymphocytes were present in the alveolar and d


Predictors of rape in the Central African Republic.
Health Care Women Int. 1999 Jan-Feb;20(1):71-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99267638
Chapko MK; Somse P; Kimball AM; Hawkins RV; Massanga M; Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle,; Washington, USA.
This is a study of women in the Central African Republic (CAR) whose first sexual encounter was the result of rape. The analyses presented here are based on a national HIV/AIDS survey conducted in 1989. Respondents were selected through multistage cluster sampling,


HIV-positive mothers and stigma.
Health Care Women Int. 1999 Jan-Feb;20(1):93-103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99267640
Ingram D; Hutchinson SA; Women's Health, Department of Veterans Affairs, Gainesville,; Florida 32610, USA.
Our purpose in this paper is to demonstrate how stigma pervades the lives of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive mothers and their children. Data from a grounded theory study on HIV-positive mothers are used to illustrate Goffman s theory of stigma. This research is an example of emergent fit, where extant t


Sexual behavior and condom use among urban women attending a family planning clinic in the United States.
Health Care Women Int. 1999 May-Jun;20(3):303-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20099444
Lindberg CE; College of Nursing, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New; Jersey 07079, USA. c.lindberg@home.com
In this paper I present data on risky sexual behavior and condom use among a sample of 100 adult women who attended a family planning clinic in an urban area of the United States . Although the women in this study protected themselves from pregnancy by using contraception, they engaged


Multimerization potential of the cytoplasmic domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein gp41.
J Biol Chem. 2000 May 26;275(21):15809-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283606
Lee SF; Wang CT; Liang JY; Hong SL; Huang CC; Chen SS; Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedical; Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of; China.
We previously demonstrated that an envelope mutant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 lacking the entire cytoplasmic domain interferes in trans with the production of infectious virus by inclusion of the mutant envelope into the wild-type envelope complex. We also showed that the envelope incorporation into virion


Probing contacts between the ribonuclease H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and nucleic acid by site-specific photocross-linking.
J Biol Chem. 2000 May 26;275(21):16015-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283633
Rausch JW; Sathyanarayana BK; Bona MK; Le Grice SF; HIV Drug Resistance Program, Science Applications International; Corporation, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research; and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21072, USA.
Cys(38) and Cys(280) of p66/p51 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) can be converted to Ser without affecting enzyme function. We have exploited this feature to construct and purify monocysteine RT derivatives for site-specific modification with the photoactivable cross-linking agent


The use of monoclonal antibody probes for the detection of avian reovirus antigens.
J Virol Methods. 2000 May;86(2):115-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20247268
Liu HJ; Giambrone JJ; Wu YH; Liao MH; Lu CF; Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University; of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC.; hjliu@mail.npust.edu.tw
Two monoclonal antibodies (MAb), E9 and H3, prepared against avian reovirus (ARV) S1133, were used in an immuno-dot assay to detect ARV antigens from cell culture and from tendon tissue samples of chickens. The limit of viral antigens detected was 8 ng using both MAb probes. The probes detected 10 ARV isolates represe


Reproducibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease and reverse transcriptase sequencing of plasma samples from heavily treated HIV-1-infected individuals.
J Virol Methods. 2000 May;86(2):143-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20247271
Shafer RW; Warford A; Winters MA; Gonzales MJ; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford; University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.; rshafer@cmgm.stanford.edu
The reproducibility of population-based human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) sequencing was assessed using replicate aliquots of cryopreserved plasma samples obtained from seven heavily treated HIV-1-infected individuals. The sequence of each sample replicate was compared


Methodological issues in analyzing psychological test scores in pediatric clinical trials.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2000 Apr;21(2):141-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20250123
Lindsey JC; O'Donnell K; Brouwers P; Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of; Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Clinical trials to address drug dosing, safety, and efficacy issues in the pediatric population are becoming more common. In some studies, tests of mental ability are administered at regular intervals in drug trials for treatment of children with HIV, certain types of cancer, sickle cell anemia, and diabetes. The test


Infection with HIV in the elderly population.
J Gerontol Nurs. 1999 Oct;25(10):25-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238450
Szirony TA; Medical College of Ohio, School of Nursing, Toledo 43614-5803,; USA.
Infection with HIV among older adults in the United States needs to be investigated in greater detail because little substantive knowledge currently is available about HIV/AIDS in the elderly population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that 10% of all cases of di


Multi-envelope HIV vaccine safety and immunogenicity in small animals and chimpanzees.
Immunol Res. 2000;21(1):7-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261024
Lockey TD; Slobod KS; Caver TE; D'Costa S; Owens RJ; McClure HM; Compans RW; Hurwitz JL; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis, TN 38101, USA.
A significant obstacle to HIV vaccine development lies in the remarkable diversity of envelope proteins, the major targets of neutralizing antibody. That envelope diversity must be targeted is demonstrated by results from nonhuman primate studies in which single-envelope vaccines have protected against homologous, but


Interleukin-16.
J Leukoc Biol. 2000 Jun;67(6):757-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313989
Cruikshank WW; Kornfeld H; Center DM; Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine,; Massachusetts 02118, USA. bcruikshank@bupula.bu.edu
Interleukin 16 (IL-16) was initially described in 1982 as the first T cell chemoattractant. Through interaction with CD4, IL-16 has now been characterized as a chemoattractant for a variety of CD4+ immune cells. Recent in vivo studies have more fully characterized IL-16 as an immunomodulatory cytokine that contributes


Alloantigenic stimulation bypasses CD28-B7 costimulatory blockade by an interleukin-2-dependent mechanism.
J Leukoc Biol. 2000 Jun;67(6):817-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313997
Blazevic V; Pinto LA; Trubey CM; Shearer GM; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Allogeneic leukocytes have been used as biological adjuvants for T cell-specific responses to tumor and recall antigens, but the mechanisms underlying this effect have not been fully understood. The present study investigates whether alloantigen stimulation of human T cells would bypass an in vitro T cell costimulator


Regulation of chemokine-induced transendothelial migration of T lymphocytes by endothelial activation: differential effects on naive and memory T cells.
J Leukoc Biol. 2000 Jun;67(6):825-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313998
Ding Z; Xiong K; Issekutz TB; Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova; Scotia, Canada.
Human T lymphocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) was examined in response to chemokines across cytokine-activated endothelium. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), RANTES, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) induced TEM by memory T cells, while stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) induced TE


CytoGam infusions at home.
J Intraven Nurs. 1999 Nov-Dec;22(6):331-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20323922
Hammond D; Lincolnland Home Care of Sarah Bush Lincoln, Mahoon, IL.
CytoGam is a hyperimmune globulin created specifically for prophylactic use when a cytomegalovirus seronegative patient receives an organ from a seropositive donor. CytoGam is derived from human pooled plasma rich with cytomegalovirus antibodies, immunoglobulin G, and trace amounts


Is stage conversion the initiating event for reactivation of Toxoplasma gondii in brain tissue of AIDS patients?
J Parasitol. 2000 Jun;86(3):531-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20320247
Reiter-Owona I; Seitz H; Gross U; Sahm M; Rockstroh JK; Seitz HM; Institute of Medical Parasitology, University of Bonn, Germany.
Reactivation of chronic toxoplasmosis resulting in Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) is a common event in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Conversion from Toxoplasma gondii bradyzoites to tachyzoites is a prerequisite for reactivation. Until recently, the study of stage conversion in human tissue was no


[Alpha herpesvirus infections in AIDS patients]
Nippon Rinsho. 2000 Apr;58(4):922-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236032
Sata T; Laboratory of Pathology, AIDS Research Center.
Alpha-herpesvirus infections by herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus among HIV-infected patients were summarized. These infections were occurred in a high frequency and shown to be extensive lesions, prolonged virus excretion from the lesions, generalized infection, and uncommon diseases as compared these o


[Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA by ultrasensitive method in the analysis of samples with low viral load]
Rinsho Byori. 2000 Mar;48(3):282-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20264959
Nishida Y; Moriya K; Nagaizumi K; Inaba H; Amano K; Fukue H; Yamamoto Y; Arai M; Fukutake K; Department of Clinical Pathology, Tokyo Medical University.
With the introduction of combination therapy to the patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1(HIV-1) infection, HIV-1 RNA levels in plasma have been reduced, frequently to less than limit of quantitation(400 copies/ml). To achieve enhanced sensitivity, a modifi


Control of sexually transmitted diseases for HIV-1 prevention: understanding the implications of the Mwanza and Rakai trials.
Lancet. 2000 Jun 3;355(9219):1981-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315586
Grosskurth H; Gray R; Hayes R; Mabey D; Wawer M; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of; Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK. Heiner.Grosskurth@lshtm.ac.uk
Two randomised controlled trials of sexually transmitted disease (STD) treatment for the prevention of HIV-1 Infection, in Mwanza, Tanzania , and Rakai, Uganda , unexpectedly produced contrasting results. A decrease in population HIV-1 incidence


Likelihood analysis of phylogenetic networks using directed graphical models.
Mol Biol Evol. 2000 Jun;17(6):875-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20293305
Strimmer K; Moulton V; GSF-Forschungszentrum fur Umwelt und Gesundheit, MIPS, am; Max-Planck-Institut fur Biochemie, Martinsried, Germany.
A method for computing the likelihood of a set of sequences assuming a phylogenetic network as an evolutionary hypothesis is presented. The approach applies directed graphical models to sequence evolution on networks and is a natural generalization of earlier work by Felsenstein on evolutionary trees, including it as


Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by an intramolecular antisense peptide to T20 in gp160.
Microbiol Immunol. 2000;44(3):205-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248372
Imai M; Okada N; Okada H; Department of Molecular Biology, Nagoya City University School of; Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
Antisense amino acids are amino acids which can be translated from the corresponding anti-codons of a sense amino acid. Antisense peptides encoded by the noncoding DNA strand have a tendency to interact with each other. We have demonstrated that antisense peptide sequences are present intramolecularly, and these may c


REAL, an LTR retrotransposon from the plant pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata.
Mol Gen Genet. 2000 May;263(4):625-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309324
Kaneko I; Tanaka A; Tsuge T; Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University,; Chikusa, Japan.
A retrotransposon was isolated and characterized from strain 15A of the Japanese pear pathotype of Alternaria alternata, which causes black spot disease in certain cultivars of Japanese pear by producing a host-specific toxin known as AK-toxin. The element, which we have named REAL (Retrotransposon of Alternaria alter


CD8 coreceptor extinction in signaled CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes: coordinate roles for both transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms in developing thymocytes.
Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Jun;20(11):3852-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20266274
Cibotti R; Bhandoola A; Guinter TI; Sharrow SO; Singer A; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
T-cell development in the thymus is characterized by changing expression patterns of CD4 and CD8 coreceptor molecules and by changes in CD4 and CD8 gene transcription. In response to T-cell receptor (TCR) signals, thymocytes progress through developmental transitions, such as conversion of CD4(+)CD8(+) (double-positiv


Analysis of fractalkine receptor CX(3)CR1 function by targeted deletion and green fluorescent protein reporter gene insertion.
Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Jun;20(11):4106-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20266298
Jung S; Aliberti J; Graemmel P; Sunshine MJ; Kreutzberg GW; Sher A; Littman DR; Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Howard Hughes; Medical Institute New York University Medical Center, New York,; New York 10016, USA. jung@saturn.med.nyu.edu
The seven-transmembrane receptor CX(3)CR1 is a specific receptor for the novel CX(3)C chemokine fractalkine (FKN) (neurotactin). In vitro data suggest that membrane anchoring of FKN, and the existence of a shed, soluble FKN isoform allow for both adhesive and chemoattractive properties. Expression on activated endothe


The ethics of information disclosure in HIV disease and cancer: a study of medical residents attitudes.
Patient Educ Couns. 1999 Jan;36(1):75-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99155587
Cardozo LJ; Afonso NM; Aranha AN; Baker MV; Eggly SS; Mascarenhas OA; Robertson RS; Division of General Internal Medicine, Wayne State University; School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201-2153, USA.
The study analyzes medical residents (MRs) attitudes on the ethics of information disclosure in two case scenarios--HIV disease and cancer. A purposeful sample of 120 MRs took part in a self-completion questionnaire administered. Responses were factor analyzed and three factors (17 statements) protecting rights of (1)


A multipotential beta -1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase is encoded by bovine herpesvirus type 4.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 May 23;97(11):5756-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF231105
Vanderplasschen A; Markine-Goriaynoff N; Lomonte P; Suzuki M; Hiraoka N; Yeh JC; Bureau F; Willems L; Thiry E; Fukuda M; Pastoret PP; Department of Immunology-Vaccinology (B43 bis), Faculty of; Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, B-4000 Liege,; Belgium. A.vdplasschen@ulg.ac.be
The beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (beta1,6GnT) gene family encodes enzymes playing crucial roles in glycan synthesis. Important changes in beta1,6GnT expression are observed during development, oncogenesis, and immunodeficiency. The most characterized beta1,6GnTs in this gene family are the human (h) C2GnT-


Specific interaction of CCR5 amino-terminal domain peptides containing sulfotyrosines with HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 May 23;97(11):5762-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283899
Cormier EG; Persuh M; Thompson DA; Lin SW; Sakmar TP; Olson WC; Dragic T; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology; Department, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 interacts consecutively with CD4 and the CCR5 coreceptor to mediate the entry of certain HIV-1 strains into target cells. Acidic residues and sulfotyrosines in the amino-terminal domain (Nt) of CCR5 are crucial for viral fusion and entry. We tested the binding of a panel of CCR5 N


Malnutrition, morbidity and mortality in children and their mothers.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2000 Feb;59(1):135-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287695
Tomkins A; Centre for International Child Health, Institute of Child Health,; 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK. a.tomkins@ich.ucl.ac.uk
While being underweight or stunted is recognized as an important risk factor for increased prevalence and severity of infection and high mortality rates, there is increasing evidence for an independent role for micronutrient deficiency. Improving vitamin A status reduces mortality among older infants and young childre


Nutrition in paediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2000 Feb;59(1):155-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287697
Miller TL; University of Rochester Medical Center, Children's Hospital at; Strong, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 667, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.; tracie_miller@urmc.rochester.edu
The nutritional condition of children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a problem both in developed and developing countries. HIV-infected children grow below normal standards in both height and weight when compared with HIV-exposed non-infected children. These patterns persist over tim


Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices about HIV/AIDS among the overseas job seekers in Bangladesh.
Public Health. 1999 Jan;113(1):35-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281252
Rahman M; Shimu TA; Fukui T; Shimbo T; Yamamoto W; Department of General Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Kyoto; University School of Medicine, Japan.
A study of the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices (KABP) relating to HIV/AIDS was conducted among people from Bangladesh seeking work overseas (N = 300), during February, 1997 and March, 1997. Only 26% of the respondents knew of AIDS and out of 13 basic facts concernin


Sub-national response in HIV/AIDS: a case study in AIDS prevention and control from Sindh province, Pakistan.
Public Health. 1999 Jan;113(1):39-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281253
Hyder AA; Khan OA; Shah SA; Memon MA; Khanani MR; Ali S; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Department of; International Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
HIV/AIDS in Pakistan is slowly gaining recognition as a public health issue of great importance. However, the responses to the disease have been marred by lack of coordination and commitment. We examine, in this paper, the situation in the Sindh province of Pakistan, which is rec


[Evaluation by HIV/AIDS specialists of risk of HIV infection in university students, based on different sex practices]
Rev Esc Enferm USP. 1999 Mar;33(1):4-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306465
Gir E; Moriya TM; Figueiredo MA; Duarte G; de Carvalho MJ; Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto, USP.
To detect the beliefs concerning the risk levels related to several sexual practices/habits and the HIV infection among undergraduate students and to compare their opinion with the AIDS experts were the objectives of this study. A 25-item questionnaire (Likert Probability Scale) about sexual practices/habits were answ


[Profile of HIV-positive women hospitalized in a public maternity ward in Rio de Janeiro]
Rev Esc Enferm USP. 1999 Mar;33(1):66-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306471
Spindola T; Alves CF; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ).
AIDS has been scaring the world population for the last decades. The writers of this article decided to investigate and research into the high incidente of women HIV+ hospitalized in a public maternity in the district of Rio de Janeiro, showing the profile of pregnant women from 1987 to 1996. After a thorough analysis


Effects of troglitazone on insulin sensitivity in HIV-infected patients with protease inhibitor-associated diabetes mellitus.
Res Exp Med (Berl). 2000 Apr;199(5):253-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20273176
Walli R; Michl GM; Muhlbayer D; Brinkmann L; Goebel FD; Infektionsambulanz, Medizinische Poliklinik,; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munchen, Germany.; rwalli@pk-i.med.uni-muenchen.de
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is frequently associated with metabolic alterations, including insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. In this pilot study, we evaluated the effect of the PPARgamma activator troglitazone on ART-associated insulin resistance in HIV-infected patients with ART-associated diabetes mellitus.


[Molecular epidemiology of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Santiago, Chile]
Rev Med Chil. 1999 Nov;127(11):1294-304. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20295422
Perez C; Vial P; Dorman KS; Wang G; Wang G; Abarca K; Sinsheimer JS; Kaplan AH; Departamento de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de; Chile. cape@med.puc.cl
BACKGROUND: Most of the studies of HIV-1 infection in South America have been limited to Brazil and little is known about the viral variants that are causing disease elsewhere in the continent. AIM: To determine the characteristics of the viral variants present in


Human T-cell receptor BV6 gene polymorphism in relation to expression level and CD4/CD8 skewness.
Scand J Immunol. 2000 Jun;51(6):543-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308152
Obata F; Shiiba R; Iizuka M; Kashiwagi N; Kurosu F; Shimada N; Nishijima M; Tozawa H; Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Allied; Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
Using 50 samples of umbilical cord blood lymphocytes from Japanese donors, we analysed two human T-cell receptor beta variable (TCRBV) genes, BV6S4 and BV6S5, for their polymorphism, usage frequencies and CD4/CD8 skewness. They showed contrasting CD4/CD8 skewness, BV6S4 to CD8+ T cells and BV6S5 to CD4+ T cells. Genot


Cutaneous manifestations in anorexia nervosa.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 2000 Apr 22;130(16):565-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301589
Hediger C; Rost B; Itin P; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of; Basle.
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder among adolescent girls and young women which, though common, often goes undetected and untreated. Anorexia nervosa is a response for young people with psychological conflicts who try to win love by having a body corresponding to the present-day image, symbolising strength, beauty


Identification of the real molecular target for HIV inhibitors [letter]
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2000 May;21(5):167-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20249216
De Clercq E
Human endogenous retroviral expression by leukocytes.
Ultrastruct Pathol. 2000 Mar-Apr;24(2):123-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268604
Orenstein JM; Department of Pathology, George Washington University,; Washington, DC 20037, USA. patjmo@gwumc.edu
Budding endogenous retroviral particles were identified on the plasma membrane of a high percentage of neurotrophils in four widely varied pathological specimens.


Isn't a picture still worth a thousand words?
Ultrastruct Pathol. 2000 Mar-Apr;24(2):67-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268596
Orenstein JM; Department of Pathology, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA. patjmo@gwumc.edu
The transmission electron microscope is a valuable diagnostic and research tool that is presently under-appreciated. In the area of human immunodeficiency virus research alone, it has provided critical information about viral pathogenesis and opportunistic infections and malignancies. However, because it has not alway


Effect of ascorbic acid supplementation on the immune response of chickens vaccinated and challenged with infectious bursal disease virus.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2000 Apr 19;74(1-2):145-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226160
Wu CC; Dorairajan T; Lin TL; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary; Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1175, USA.; wwc@purdue.edu
One-day-old chickens were divided into two groups and reared under similar conditions. One group was fed a diet supplemented with 1000ppm ascorbic acid and the other group was fed an identical diet, but not supplemented with ascorbic acid. Both groups were vaccinated against infectious bursal disease (IBD) at 7 days o


IBDV-induced bursal T lymphocytes inhibit mitogenic response of normal splenocytes.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2000 Apr 19;74(1-2):47-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226153
Kim IJ; Sharma JM; Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary; Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
We examined the suppressive activity of bursal T cells induced by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in inbred (15x7) and outbred commercial specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. The suppressive activity was measured by the ability of bursal and splenic T cells from IBDV-infected chickens to inhibit mitogenic res


Isolation, cloning, and complete nucleotide sequence of a phenotypically distinct Brazilian isolate of human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II).
Virology. 2000 May 25;271(1):142-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20276148
Lewis MJ; Novoa P; Ishak R; Ishak M; Salemi M; Vandamme AM; Kaplan MH; Hall WW; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College Dublin,; Belfield, 4, Ireland.
Analysis of human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) isolates from North America and Europe have demonstrated the existence of two molecular subtypes of the virus, HTLV-IIa and HTLV-IIb. Recently, studies on HTLV-II infections in Brazil have revealed isolates that are related p


Incomplete HIV-1 activation in latently infected U1 cells demonstrated by double in situ hybridization.
Virology. 2000 May 25;271(1):79-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20276142
Knuchel MC; Kuster H; Schlaepfer E; Kallivroussis A; Weber R; Cone RW; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Zurich,; Zurich, CH-8091, Switzerland. Marlyse.Knuchel@dim.usz.ch
Triple combination antiretroviral therapy can reduce HIV-1 infection to a relatively small pool of latently infected cells. To eliminate this residual source of virus, new therapies designed to activate latently infected cells are currently being tested. We therefore investigated the kinetics of in vitro HIV-1 RNA ind


Interactions of HIV-1 nef with the mu subunits of adaptor protein complexes 1, 2, and 3: role of the dileucine-based sorting motif.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20276134
Craig HM; Reddy TR; Riggs NL; Dao PP; Guatelli JC; Department of Pathology and, Department of Medicine, San Diego; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California at San; Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093-0679, USA.
HIV-1 Nef interacts with cellular adaptor protein (AP) complexes and their medium (mu) subunits. However, the role of the dileucine-based sorting motif within Nef in these interactions has been incompletely characterized. Here, yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that HIV-1 Nef interacted not only with the mu subunits o


[The prognosis of the HIV infection epidemic in Russia]
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 1999 Jul-Aug;(4):115-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20310627
Boev BV; Bondarenko VM; Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology,; Moscow, Russia.
Hyperviscosity syndrome secondary to a myeloma-associated IgG(1)kappa paraprotein strongly reactive against the HIV-1 p24 gag antigen.
Am J Hematol. 2000 Jul;64(3):210-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20320443
Jin DK; Nowakowski M; Kramer M; Essex DW; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, State; University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, 11203,; USA.
Hyperviscosity syndrome secondary to hypergammaglobulinemia is a rare and potentially fatal complication in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. We studied an HIV-1-positive patient with symptomatic hyperviscosity attributable to IgG(1)kappa multiple myeloma. The patient initially respo


Immune recovery uveitis in patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis after highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 May;129(5):634-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304348
Nguyen QD; Kempen JH; Bolton SG; Dunn JP; Jabs DA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
PURPOSE: To estimate the incidence and describe the characteristics of immune recovery uveitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cytomegalovirus retinitis treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: The records of all patients with AIDS


Migration of silicone oil into the brain: a complication of intraocular silicone oil for retinal tamponade.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 May;129(5):685-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304366
Eller AW; Friberg TR; Mah F; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh,; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. elleraw@msx.umc.edu
PURPOSE: To report a case in which intravitreal silicone oil migrated along the intracranial portion of the optic nerve and into the lateral ventricles of the brain after the repair of a retinal detachment secondary to cytomegalovirus retinitis. METHODS: A 42-year-old man with acqu


When workplace threats become reality.
Am Nurse. 1999 May-Jun;31(3):1, 12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20335119
Trossman S
MNA president uses personal story to push for needlestick legislation.
Am Nurse. 1999 May-Jun;31(3):13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20335123
Trossman S
Epstein-barr virus-associated malignancies: epidemiologic patterns and etiologic implications.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2000 Apr;34(1):27-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20245248
Hsu JL; Glaser SL; Northern California Cancer Center, 32960 Alvarado-Niles Road,; Suite 600, Union City, CA 94587, USA.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous B-lymphotrophic herpesvirus, has been found in the tumor cells of a heterogeneous group of malignancies (Burkitt s lymphoma, lymphomas associated with immunosuppression, other non-Hodgkin s lymphomas, Hodgkin s disease, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, lymphoepit


HIV-1 envelope protein gp41 modulates expression of interleukin-10 and chemokine receptors on monocytes, astrocytes and neurones.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):629-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265465
Speth C; Joebstl B; Barcova M; Dierich MP; Institute for Hygiene, University of Innsbruck and Ludwig; Boltzmann-Institute for AIDS Research, Austria.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the effect of HIV-1 transmembrane protein gp41 on cytokine production and chemokine receptor expression in blood and brain. DESIGN: Because previous results had demonstrated that recombinant gp41 contributes to HIV-induced dysfunction of blood immune cells we investigated its effect on interleuki


An early expansion of CD8alphabeta T cells, but depletion of resident CD8alphaalpha T cells, occurs in the intestinal epithelium during primary simian immunodeficiency virus infection.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):637-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265466
Mattapallil JJ; Reay E; Dandekar S; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University; of California Davis, 95616, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate changes in the phenotypic heterogeneity and function of CD8 T cells in the intestinal epithelium during primary SIV infection. DESIGN: Previous studies have shown an increased prevalence of CD8 T cells in the intestinal epithelium in HIV and SIV infections. As intestinal CD8 T cells are a heter


HIV-infected human Langerhans cells transmit infection to human lymphoid tissue ex vivo.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):647-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265467
Blauvelt A; Glushakova S; Margolis LB; Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute; of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892-1908, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To create a novel ex vivo model for early biologic events involved in sexual transmission of HIV and to demonstrate that Langerhans cells (LC), the purported initial mucosal target cells for HIV, play a critical role in this process. METHODS: Epidermal cells containing LC were isolated from normal-appearin


Specific recognition of lamivudine-resistant HIV-1 by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):653-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265468
Schmitt M; Harrer E; Goldwich A; Bauerle M; Graedner I; Kalden JR; Harrer T; Department of Medicine III with Institute of Clinical Immunology,; University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: The reverse transcriptase (RT) M184V mutation within the HLA-A2-restricted HIV-1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope VL9 (VIYQYMDDL; RT 179-187) not only induces drug escape against lamivudine but also abolished recognition by a CTL clone derived from a long-term non-progressor. To test whether the variant


Reduction of the HIV-1-infected T-cell reservoir by immune activation treatment is dose-dependent and restricted by the potency of antiretroviral drugs.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):659-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265469
Fraser C; Ferguson NM; Ghani AC; Prins JM; Lange JM; Goudsmit J; Anderson RM; de Wolf F; Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease,; University of Oxford, UK.
BACKGROUND: Treatments combining T-cell activating agents and potent antiretroviral drugs have been proposed as a possible means of reducing the reservoir of long-lived HIV-1 infected quiescent CD4 T-cells. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the effect of such therapies on HIV-1 dynamics and T-cell homeostasis. DESIGN AND METHODS:


Efficacy, safety, and adherence with a twice-daily combination lamivudine/zidovudine tablet formulation, plus a protease inhibitor, in HIV infection.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):671-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265470
Eron JJ; Yetzer ES; Ruane PJ; Becker S; Sawyer GA; Fisher RL; Tolson JM; Shaefer MS; General Clinical Research Center, Infectious Disease Division,; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7030, USA.; jeron@med.unc.edu
OBJECTIVE: A randomized, open-label, multicenter study to establish clinical equivalence (non-inferiority) of a regimen employing a lamivudine 150 mg/zidovudine 300 mg combination tablet, administered twice daily, plus a marketed protease inhibitor, compared with a conventional regimen of 150 mg lamivudine twice daily


Energy balance, viral burden, insulin-like growth factor-1, interleukin-6 and growth impairment in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):683-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265471
Johann-Liang R; O'Neill L; Cervia J; Haller I; Giunta Y; Licholai T; Noel GJ; Department of Pediatrics, The New York Presbytarian Hospital,; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York 10021, USA.; rsj2001@mail.med.cornell.edu
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between energy metabolism and growth abnormalities in HIV-infected children and to assess clinical or laboratory characteristics which may be contributing factors to their growth impairment. DESIGN: A comparative study. METHODS: We measured energy intake by inpatient calorie co


Cost-effectiveness of cesarean section delivery to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):691-700. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265472
Halpern MT; Read JS; Ganoczy DA; Harris DR; MEDTAP International, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate costs and outcomes of cesarean section performed before onset of labor and before rupture of membranes (elective cesarean section) compared to vaginal delivery among HIV-infected women. DESIGN: Cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis. Participants and setting: Pregnant HIV-infected women in


Assessing sexual risk behaviour of young gay men in primary relationships: the incorporation of negotiated safety and negotiated safety compliance.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):701-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265473
Davidovich U; de Wit JB; Stroebe W; Division of Public Health, Amsterdam Municipal Health Service,; The Netherlands. udavidovich@gggd.amsterdam.nl
OBJECTIVES: To establish the actual rate of risky unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among young gay men in steady relationships by correcting for negotiated safety (NS) and NS compliance. In addition, to examine whether the rate of UAI with steady partners, after correction for NS and NS compliance, is higher than th


Evidence that anoreceptive intercourse with ejaculate exposure is associated with rapid CD4 cell loss.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):707-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265474
Wiley DJ; Visscher BR; Grosser S; Hoover DR; Day R; Gange S; Chmiel JS; Mitsuyasu R; Detels R; Department of Epidemiology, University of California at Los; Angeles, 90095-6919, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether ejaculate exposure through anoreceptive intercourse is associated with rapid CD4 cell loss. DESIGN: Self-reported behavioral, demographic data and blood samples were gathered longitudinally at ten semiannual visits from individuals participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MAC


Correlates of HIV infection among young adult short-term injection drug users.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):717-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265475
Doherty MC; Garfein RS; Monterroso E; Brown D; Vlahov D; Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene; and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To identify risks associated with HIV infection among young adult short-term injection drug users. METHODS: Current injection drug users, between 18 and 29 years of age, were recruited through street outreach to participate in a cross-sectional survey of HIV prevalence by circumstances of drug injection in


Prevalence of genotypic resistance to nucleoside analogues and protease inhibitors in Spain. The ERASE-2 Study Group.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):727-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265476
Puig T; Perez-Olmeda M; Rubio A; Ruiz L; Briones C; Franco JM; Gomez-Cano M; Stuyver L; Zamora L; Alvarez C; Leal M; Clotet B; Soriano V; Retrovirology Laboratory irsiCaixa Foundation, University; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of resistance mutations to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and protease inhibitors (PI) in a representative HIV-1 population in Spain . METHODS: A cross-sectional study was co


Condom acceptance is higher among travelers in Uganda.
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):733-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265477
Morris M; Wawer MJ; Makumbi F; Zavisca JR; Sewankambo N; Department of Sociology, The Pennsylvania State University,; University Park 16802, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the role played by mobile residents in the spread of HIV through rural Uganda . DESIGN: Travel history and sexual network data were collected from a random sample of 1627 residents aged 15-49 years in Rakai District, Uganda during 1994. METHODS: Travelers and n


Highly active antiretroviral therapy inhibits cytokine production in HIV-uninfected subjects [letter]
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):743-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265478
Tovo PA
Impaired induction of IL-15 in response to herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected patients [letter]
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):744-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265479
Ahmad A; Ahmad R; Toma E; Morisset R; Menezes J
Absence of virological changes after acute febrile illnesses in two patients with undetectable pre-illness plasma HIV-1-RNA levels [letter]
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):746-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265480
Sha BE; Johnson VA; Kendall MA; Haubrich R; Nokta M; Lamb K; Zackin RA; Nail CD; Currier JS
Stromal derived factor-1alpha induces apoptosis in activated primary CD4+ T cells [letter]
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):748-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265481
Colamussi ML; Secchiero P; Zella D; Curreli S; Mirandola P; Capitani S; Zauli G
Molecular screening for HIV-1 group N and simian immunodeficiency virus cpz-like virus infections in Cameroon [letter]
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):750-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265482
Fonjungo PN; Dash BC; Mpoudi EN; Torimiro JN; Alemnji GA; Eno LT; Nkengasong J; Rayfield M; Folks TM; Pieniazek D; Lal RB
Transient rebound of plasma HIV-1 RNA is not followed by repopulation of the lymphoid compartment with HIV-1-infected cells [letter]
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):752-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265483
Joos B; Fischer M; Opravil M; Ott P; Weber R; Cone RW
Distinguishing efficacy, individual effectiveness and population effectiveness of therapies [letter; comment]
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265484
Munoz A; Gange SJ; Jacobson LP
HIV prevention information, motivation, behavioral skills and behaviour among truck drivers in Chennai, India [letter]
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):756-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265485
Bryan AD; Fisher JD; Benziger TJ
Highly active antiretroviral therapy does not improve survival of patients with high JC virus load in the cerebrospinal fluid at progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy diagnosis [letter]
AIDS. 2000 Apr 14;14(6):758-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265486
Taoufik Y; Delfraissy JF; Gasnault J
The specific regulation of immune responses by CD8+ T cells restricted by the MHC class Ib molecule, Qa-1.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:185-216. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297044
Jiang H; Chess L; Department of Medicine and Pathology, Columbia University College; of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Over the last three decades considerable evidence has accumulated that CD8(+) T cells regulate peripheral immune responses, in part, by specifically controlling the outgrowth of antigen-triggered CD4(+) T cells. This regulatory function of CD8(+) T cells has been shown, in vivo, to control the emergence of autoreactiv


CD8+ T cell effector mechanisms in resistance to infection.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:275-308. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297047
Harty JT; Tvinnereim AR; White DW; Department of Microbiology and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program; in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.; john-harty@uiowa.edu
Based on T cell subset depletion studies and the analysis of gene knockout mice, it is evident that CD8(+) T cells contribute to resistance against intracellular infections with certain viral, protozoan, and bacterial pathogens. Although they are known primarily for their capacity to kill infected cells, CD8(+) T cell


The role of the thymus in immune reconstitution in aging, bone marrow transplantation, and HIV-1 infection.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:529-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297055
Haynes BF; Markert ML; Sempowski GD; Patel DD; Hale LP; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710, USA. hayne002@mc.duke.edu
The human thymus is a complex chimeric organ comprised of central (thymic epithelial space) and peripheral (perivascular space) components that functions well into adult life to produce naive T lymphocytes. Recent advances in identifying thymic emigrants and development of safe methods to study thymic function in vivo


Accessing complexity: the dynamics of virus-specific T cell responses.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:561-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297056
Doherty PC; Christensen JP; Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA. peter.doherty@stjude.org
The cellular dynamics of the immune system are complex and difficult to measure. Access to this problematic area has been greatly enhanced by the recent development of tetrameric complexes of MHC class I glycoprotein + peptide (tetramers) for the direct staining of freshly isolated, antigen-specific CD8(+ )T cells. An


Reservoirs for HIV-1: mechanisms for viral persistence in the presence of antiviral immune responses and antiretroviral therapy.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:665-708. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297059
Pierson T; McArthur J; Siliciano RF; Department of Medicine and Neurology, Johns Hopkins University; School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
The success of combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection has generated interest in mechanisms by which the virus can persist in the body despite the presence of drugs that effectively inhibit key steps in the virus life cycle. It is becoming clear that viral reservoirs established early in the infection n


DNA vaccines: immunology, application, and optimization*.
Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:927-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297066
Gurunathan S; Klinman DM; Seder RA; Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
The development and widespread use of vaccines against infectious agents have been a great triumph of medical science. One reason for the success of currently available vaccines is that they are capable of inducing long-lived antibody responses, which are the principal agents of immune protection against most viruses


The difficulties of diagnosing myositis ossificans circumscripta in the paraspinal muscles of a human immunodeficiency virus-positive man: magnetic resonance imaging and temporal computed tomographic findings.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000 Jun;126(6):785-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20320114
Mann SS; Som PM; Gumprecht JP; Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York; University, NY, USA.
Myositis ossificans circumscripta (MOC) is an uncommon disease that has been reported to develop after trauma, burns, and infections, as well as in cases in which the pathogenesis is unknown. Although most cases of MOC develop below the clavicles, it has been reported in the head and neck area, where it primarily invo


Pulmonary disease in liver transplant recipients. Spectrum of CT features.
Acta Radiol. 2000 May;41(3):230-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322446
Knollmann FD; Maurer J; Bechstein WO; Vogl TJ; Neuhaus P; Felix R; Department of Radiology, Virchow-Clinic, Medical Faculty,; Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany.
PURPOSE: To determine the features of pulmonary disease in liver transplant recipients by CT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Of 792 patients, 102 were referred to thoracic CT 3-2093 days after the transplantation procedure (median 107 days). All CT studies were retrospectively analyzed and correlated with clinical, microbiolog


Lack of BLV and PTLV DNA sequences in the majority of patients with large granular lymphocyte leukaemia.
Br J Haematol. 2000 Apr;109(1):64-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308074
Perzova RN; Loughran TP; Dube S; Ferrer J; Esteban E; Poiesz BJ; Department of Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse, NY; 13210, USA.
The primate T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia viruses (PTLV) and bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) comprise a unique genus of retroviruses, infection with which induces seroreactivity in the host against conserved epitopes in their p24 gag and gp21 env cognate proteins. Herein, we have confirmed this serocrossreactivity. Patients


Frequent good partial remissions from thalidomide including best response ever in patients with advanced refractory and relapsed myeloma.
Br J Haematol. 2000 Apr;109(1):89-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308077
Juliusson G; Celsing F; Turesson I; Lenhoff S; Adriansson M; Malm C; Department of Haematology, University Hospital, Linkoping,; Sweden. gunnar.juliusson@lio.se
Twenty-three patients with advanced and heavily pretreated myeloma were treated with thalidomide. Starting dose was 200 mg/d, and 20 patients had dose escalations up to 400 (n = 5), 600 (n = 12) or 800 mg/d (n = 3), usually in divided doses. Nineteen patients were refractory to recent chemotherapy, and four had untrea


Oblique membrane insertion of viral fusion peptide probed by neutron diffraction.
Biochemistry. 2000 Jun 6;39(22):6581-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20290846
Bradshaw JP; Darkes MJ; Harroun TA; Katsaras J; Epand RM; Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Royal (Dick); School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh,; Summerhall, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, U.K. J.Bradshaw@ed.ac.uk
Fusion peptides mimic the membrane fusion activities of the larger viral proteins from which they derive their sequences. A possible mode of activity involves their oblique insertion into lipid bilayers, causing membrane disruption by promoting highly curved hemifusion intermediates, leading to fusion. We have determi


An overview of HIV infection and AIDS: etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology, and occupational exposure.
Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000 Apr;12(2):130-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265715
Hidalgo JA; MacArthur RD; Crane LR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University and the; Detroit Medical Center, Michigan, USA.
Thanks to a worldwide collaborative effort among health care providers, academia, governments, and industry, our knowledge base about infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has expanded exponentially. During the past 2 decades, we have learned about its pathogenesis, virology, immunology, epidemiol


Treatment of HIV disease in the new millennium.
Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000 Apr;12(2):140-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265716
Kak V; MacArthur RD; Crane LR; Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit,; MI 48201, USA.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which typically consists of 3-drug combinations of antiretroviral agents, has decreased dramatically the incidence of AIDS and death among HIV-infected persons in the United States . HIV infection no longer is viewed as a death sentence. Com


Cardiac surgery and the human immunodeficiency virus.
Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000 Apr;12(2):145-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265717
Frater RW; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Albert Einstein School of; Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Since the first deliberate open heart operation was performed on a patient known to be carrying HIV, much has been learned. The fear that cardiopulmonary bypass might cause acceleration of the disease has not been borne out. Patients infected with HIV have shown considerable tolerance to major cardiac and pulmonary su


Thoracic malignancies associated with AIDS.
Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000 Apr;12(2):148-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20265718
Katariya K; Thurer RJ; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Miami School of; Medicine, FL 33101, USA.
The immunocompromised state is a major risk factor for the development of malignant tumors. Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) represent a large segment of the immunocompromised group of patients. Kaposi s sarcoma, B-cell


Caring for clients with end-stage AIDS.
Nurs BC. 1999 Jan-Feb;31(1):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20061479
Brummet L; Department of Professional Education and Care Evaluation, B.C.; Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital,; Vancouver.
Hyperprolactinemia in optico-spinal multiple sclerosis [see comments]
Intern Med. 2000 Apr;39(4):296-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20259081
Yamasaki K; Horiuchi I; Minohara M; Osoegawa M; Kawano Y; Ohyagi Y; Yamada T; Kira J; Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School; of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.
OBJECTIVE: To clarify the clinical features of MS patients with hyperprolactinemia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The serum prolactin level was measured in 67 Japanese patients (19 men and 48 women) with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in 16 patients (4 men and 12 women) with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic parapare


High versus low basal cortisol secretion in asymptomatic, medication-free HIV-infected men: differential effects of severe life stress on parameters of immune status.
Behav Med. 2000 Winter;25(4):143-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20249496
Petitto JM; Leserman J; Perkins DO; Stern RA; Silva SG; Gettes D; Zheng B; Folds JD; Golden RN; Evans DL; Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of; Medicine, Gainesville, USA. jpetitto@psych.med.ufl.edu
The authors hypothesized that HIV-infected men with high basal cortisol secretion would exhibit greater stress-related reductions in the ratio of Th1/Th2 cell-derived cytokines and numbers of CD8+ T and NK lymphocytes than low basal cortisol secretors. A semistructured interview was used to assess life stress during t


Abnormal distribution of CD45 isoforms expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in rheumatoid arthritis.
Histol Histopathol. 2000 Apr;15(2):587-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20267377
Mamoune A; Durand V; Le Goff P; Pennec YL; Youinou P; Le Corre R; Laboratory of Immunology, Brest University Medical School,; France.
CD45RO+ T cells are referred to as memory or helper-inducer while CD45RA+ T cells are regarded as naive or suppressor-inducer T cells. The former population predominates in the peripheral blood and even more in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, to the expense of the latter population. Within th


[An integrated concept for contraception counseling and HIV prevention for young women: the Project Necessaire]
Gesundheitswesen. 2000 Mar;62(3):161-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20274487
Page J; Twisselmann W; Aubert L; Institut fur Sozial- und Praventivmedizin der Universitat; Zurich.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the innovative project Necessaire on sexual and reproductive health promotion. Necessaire was developed for young women and carried out in the German-speaking part of Switzerland . The concept consisted of


Immunological and virological effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy in two HIV-1 infected children [letter]
Acta Paediatr. 2000 Mar;89(3):373-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233251
Leon JA; Leal M; Lissen E; Gurbindo D; Munoz-Fernandez MA
Cheaper antiretrovirals to treat AIDS in South Africa. They are at their most cost effective in preventing mother to child transmission [editorial]
BMJ. 2000 Jun 10;320(7249):1551-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304524
Zwi K; Soderlund N; Schneider H
How does male circumcision protect against HIV infection?
BMJ. 2000 Jun 10;320(7249):1592-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304554
Szabo R; Short RV; Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Wellington Road,; Melbourne 3168, Australia.
Organ transplantation and discrimination. Patients with hepatitis B should not be given low priority [letter; comment]
BMJ. 2000 Jun 10;320(7249):1600-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20346162
Webster G; Barnes E; Burroughs A; Dusheiko G
Genetics of HIV-1 infection: chemokine receptor CCR5 polymorphism and its consequences.
Hum Mol Genet. 1999;8(10):1939-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99400533
Carrington M; Dean M; Martin MP; O'Brien SJ; Intramural Research Support Program, SAIC-Frederick, MD; 21702-1201, USA.
The chemokine receptor gene, CCR5, has become a central theme in studies of host genetic effects on HIV-1 pathogenesis ever since the discovery that the CCR5 molecule serves as a major cell surface co-receptor for the virus. A growing number of genetic variants within the coding and 5 regulatory region of CCR5 have b


Simultaneous separation and enantioseparation of thalidomide and its hydroxylated metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography in common-size columns, capillary liquid chromatography and nonaqueous capillary electrochromatography.
J Chromatogr A. 2000 Apr 21;876(1-2):157-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20281017
Meyring M; Chankvetadze B; Blaschke G; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Munster,; Germany.
The separation of thalidomide (TD) and its hydroxylated metabolites including their simultaneous enantioseparation was studied using three different polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in combination with polar organic mobile phases. Three different techniques, high-performance liquid chromatography in


[Knowledge and opinions of a group of adolescents about the prevention of AIDS]
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 1999 Apr;7(2):41-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20199124
Torres G de V; Davim RM; Almeida M Do C; Departamento de Enfermagem/CCS/UFRN, Escola de Enfermagem de; Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo.
This descriptive study was developed in a State School, located in the city of Natal-RN, with the purpose to identify the knowledge and opinion of a group of adolescents about AIDS prevention. 30 questionnaires were applied and among the main obtained results, the authors found out that the adolescents are not well in


[Educational activities on the prevention of AIDS in a municipal basic health unit: participation of a nurse]
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 1999 Apr;7(2):71-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20199128
Torres G de V; Enders BC; Departamento de Enfermagem da UFRN, Escola de Enfermagem de; Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo.
This is an exploratory descriptive study with a qualitative approach that had as its purpose to characterize the educational activities of the nurses that work in the prevention and control program for sexually transmittable diseases and AIDS in the municipality of Natal, RN. The study ws conducted in the basic health


Atherosclerosis: cell biology and lipoproteins [editorial]
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2000 Apr;11(2):219-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246867
Wahle KW
Differential adhesion molecule requirements for immune surveillance and inflammatory recruitment [see comments]
Brain. 2000 Jun;123 ( Pt 6):1092-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340245
Carrithers MD; Visintin I; Kang SJ; Janeway CA Jr; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, Connecticut 06520-8011, USA.
Activated CD4 Th1 lymphocytes can enter the brain in the absence of an inflammatory focus. However, the molecular mediators that regulate this early migration of lymphocytes into the brain have remained unclear. We hypothesized that the entry of these pioneer lymphocytes into the brain is regulated by a set of molec


Acute axonal injury in multiple sclerosis. Correlation with demyelination and inflammation.
Brain. 2000 Jun;123 ( Pt 6):1174-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340252
Bitsch A; Schuchardt J; Bunkowski S; Kuhlmann T; Bruck W; Department of Neurology, Georg-August-Universitat, Gottingen,; Germany.
Damage to axons is taken as a key factor of disability in multiple sclerosis, but its pathogenesis is largely unknown. Axonal injury is believed to occur as a consequence of demyelination and was recently shown to be a feature even of the early disease stages. The present study was aimed at characterizing the associat


Psychological needs of patients with HIV disease: reviewing the literature using Nichols' (1985) Adjustment Reaction Model as a framework.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 1999 Apr;6(2):101-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384532
Murphy M; Melby V; Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Since the first manifestations of HIV infection presented in the United Kingdom in the early 1980s, there has been a dramatic increase in the incidence of HIV infection and a proliferation of diseases associated with HIV infection. HIV infection is now associated with physical, psychol


In planta expression of HIV-1 p24 protein using an RNA plant virus-based expression vector.
Mol Biotechnol. 2000 Feb;14(2):99-107. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20331327
Zhang G; Leung C; Murdin L; Rovinski B; White KA; Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Plant viruses show significant potential as expression vectors for the production of foreign proteins (e.g., antigens) in plants. The HIV-1 p24 nucleocapsid protein is an important early marker of HIV infection and has been used as an antigen in the development of HIV vaccines. Toward developing a plant-based expressi


Predictors of atopy in HIV-infected patients.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2000 Jun;84(6):607-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20331744
Corominas M; Garcia JF; Mestre M; Fernandez-Viladrich P; Buendia E; Immunology Service, Ciutat Sanitaria i Universitaria de; Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
BACKGROUND: Some studies have reported an increase of atopy in HIV-infected (HIV+) patients, but the cause still remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of atopy in HIV+ patients and to investigate its predictors. METHODS: Seventy-four HIV+ hospitalized patients (46 of them with AIDS) were studied pros


Expanded criteria donors: attempts to increase the renal transplant donor pool.
Adv Ren Replace Ther. 2000 Apr;7(2):117-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242824
Mandal AK; Kalligonis AN; Ratner LE; Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
There is a growing disparity between the demand for and the supply of kidneys for transplantation. The demographics of the donor pool are also changing. The average potential cadaveric organ donor is now more likely to be older, at greater risk for co-morbid conditions such as hypertension or viral infections, and mor


Progress in renal transplantation for children.
Adv Ren Replace Ther. 2000 Apr;7(2):158-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242828
Smith JM; McDonald RA; Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital and Regional Medical; Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98105, USA.
Renal transplantation continues to be the goal of therapy for children with end-stage renal disease. Patient age, primary renal disease, psychosocial status, living versus cadaver donor allograft, immunosuppressive therapy, urologic status, and maximization of growth and development must be considered in determining t


Salivary lysozyme and related parameters of a predominantly Chinese, HIV-infected cohort in Hong Kong.
Oral Dis. 1999 Jul;5(3):241-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313546
Tsang C; Samaranayake L; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the salivary lysozyme concentration, flow rate and pH of a predominantly Chinese, HIV-infected group in Hong Kong , and to compare with an equal number of age and gender-matched HIV-free individuals.STUDY DESI


Penicillium species-the good and the ugly [editorial; comment]
Oral Dis. 1999 Oct;5(4):269. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313507
Samaranayake L
Penicilliosis marneffei: another AIDS defining illness in Southeast Asia [see comments]
Oral Dis. 1999 Oct;5(4):286-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313510
Nittayananta W; Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of; Songkla University, Haadyai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
Penicilliosis marneffei, a common mycosis among AIDS patients living in Southeast Asia, has been recently suggested for inclusion in the AIDS surveillance case definition. Infections with Penicillium marneffei were rare in the past, but infections with this dimorphic fungus have increased with the endemic of AIDS in t


Association of HIV viral load with oral diseases.
Oral Dis. 1999 Oct;5(4):294-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313511
Baqui A; Meiller T; Jabra-Rizk M; Zhang M; Kelley J; Falkler W; Department of Oral Medicine, Dental School, University of; Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
OBJECTIVE: The measurement of HIV viral load as a predictor of disease progression has revolutionized the medical management of HIV patients. In this study, oral diseases as measured by DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth), periodontal assessment and oral Candidacolonization, were related to HIV viral load. Also c


Prevalence of hepatitis viruses in an anti-human immunodeficiency virus-positive population from Argentina. A multicentre study.
J Viral Hepat. 1999 Jan;6(1):53-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20306506
Fainboim H; Gonzalez J; Fassio E; Martinez A; Otegui L; Eposto M; Cahn P; Marino R; Landeira G; Suaya G; Gancedo E; Castro R; Brajterman L; Laplume H; Dr Francisco Muniz Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of infections with hepatotrophic viruses in an anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive population from Buenos Aires and to compare it among the main risk groups for HIV infection. Four hundred and eighty-four consecutive patients attending the HI


Long-term administration of interferon-alpha in non-responder patients with chronic hepatitis C: follow-up of liver fibrosis over 5 years.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20075201
Guerret S; Desmouliere A; Chossegros P; Costa AM; Badid C; Trepo C; Grimaud JA; Chevallier M; Laboratoire d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Laboratoire; Marcel Merieux, Lyon, France.
In chronic hepatitis C, previous data have shown that short-term treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) can reduce collagen deposition in the liver independently of the viral response. The aim of this work was to determine, in non-responder patients, the long-term effect of IFN-alpha on liver fibrosis according t


Hepatitis E virus: can it be transmitted parenterally?
J Viral Hepat. 1999 Mar;6(2):161-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20075206
Arankalle VA; Chobe LP; Hepatitis Division, National Institute of Virology, Indian; Council of Medical Research, Pune, India.
Of 200 voluntary blood donors screened for hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA, employing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), three were found to be positive (1.5%). None of the HEV RNA-positive blood donors had any symptoms at the time of blood donation or during subsequent follow-up. One donor was


Preclinical aspects of lamivudine and famciclovir against hepatitis B virus.
J Viral Hepat. 1999 Mar;6(2):89-106. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20075198
Shaw T; Locarnini SA; Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, North; Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Chemotherapy for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is inherently difficult for a variety of reasons that are related to unusual features of both HBV replication strategy and host cell metabolism. Previous attempts to treat chronic HBV infection using nucleoside analogues have been almost universally disappoint


Patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus demonstrate higher levels of hepatic HCV RNA.
J Viral Hepat. 1999 May;6(3):203-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20075210
Bonacini M; Govindarajan S; Blatt LM; Schmid P; Conrad A; Lindsay KL; University of Southern California School of Medicine Liver Unit,; Downey, CA 90242, USA.
Serum and liver hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels in patients with hepatitis C have previously been quantified using different techniques. In this work, we used an automated, multicycle, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technique to quantify HCV RNA in 1-2 mm of frozen liver tissue, and in serum, from 70 patient


Quantitative monitoring of serum hepatitis B virus DNA and blood lymphocyte subsets during combined prednisolone and interferon-alpha therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
J Viral Hepat. 1999 May;6(3):219-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20075212
Fei GZ; Sylvan SP; Yao GB; Hellstrom UB; Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,; Stockholm County Council, Karolinska Hospital, and Microbiology; and Tumour Biology Centre (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Several investigators have reported a significantly reduced CD4/CD8 ratio, as defined by monoclonal antibodies, in the peripheral blood of Caucasian patients with chronic active hepatitis B (CAHB). In Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B, quantitative analyses of subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes have


Mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressive agent, inhibits HBV replication in vitro.
J Viral Hepat. 1999 May;6(3):229-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20075213
Gong ZJ; De Meyer S; Clarysse C; Verslype C; Neyts J; De Clercq E; Yap SH; Department of Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, University Hospital; Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), the morpholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA), is currently used as an immunosuppressive agent in kidney transplant recipients. After oral administration, MMF is hydrolysed to MPA, the active compound, which is a potent inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP-DH). Inhi


A placebo-controlled phase I/II study of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
J Viral Hepat. 1999 Sep;6(5):387-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20075233
Gilson RJ; Chopra KB; Newell AM; Murray-Lyon IM; Nelson MR; Rice SJ; Tedder RS; Toole J; Jaffe HS; Weller IV; Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Windeyer Institute; of Medical Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical; School, University College London, UK.
Adefovir dipivoxil (bis-POM PMEA) is an adenine nucleotide analogue with activity against retroviruses and herpesviruses, and in vitro activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV). This study was conducted to evaluate its safety and antiviral activity in patients with chronic HBV infection. Twenty patients (13 co-infected


Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances the efficacy of hepatitis B virus vaccine in previously unvaccinated haemodialysis patients.
J Viral Hepat. 1999 Sep;6(5):405-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20075235
Kapoor D; Aggarwal SR; Singh NP; Thakur V; Sarin SK; Department of Gastroenterology, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi-2,; India.
The response to vaccination with recombinant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine is poor in haemodialysis patients. A defect in the antigen-presenting cells may be responsible for this hyporesponsiveness. To overcome this and to improve the response to HBV vaccine in dialysis patients, we used granulocyte-macrophage colon


Bibliography. Current world literature. Infectious diseases.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 May;6(3):B47-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242807
Dynamics and control of the global tuberculosis epidemic.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 May;6(3):174-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242793
Bleed D; Dye C; Raviglione MC; Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland.
Studies of disease burden have reaffirmed that tuberculosis is among the top 10 causes of death in the world. The tuberculosis epidemic in most countries could eventually be brought under control by implementing the World Health Organization s (WHO) directly observed therapy, short course (DOTS) strategy, although tub


Adult tuberculosis overview: African versus Western perspectives.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 May;6(3):180-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242794
Johnson JL; Ellner JJ; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and; University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4984, USA.; jlj@po.cwru.edu
Tuberculosis is currently an enormous global health problem. In industrialized countries in Western Europe and North America, tuberculosis case rates are low and an increasing proportion of cases now occur in foreign-born individuals and in marginalized populations, including the homeless, prisoners, drug users, and p


Childhood tuberculosis.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 May;6(3):187-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242795
Donald PR; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine,; Tygerberg, South Africa. aec1@maties.sun.ac.za
Childhood tuberculosis will reflect the incidence of cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis in adults and will consequently be encountered most frequently in those areas with a high incidence of tuberculosis. Problem areas include our continuing inability to confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis in many children, the escal


Advances in the management of tuberculosis: clinical trials and beyond.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 May;6(3):193-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242796
Grange JM; Zumla A; Centre for Infectious Diseases and International Health, Royal; Free and University College London Medical School, Windeyer; Institute of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom.
Modern short-course treatment for tuberculosis is highly effective and cost-effective, yet the disease remains a leading cause of suffering and death. The problem has been exacerbated in recent years by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic and the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. I


Sinusitis in adults.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 May;6(3):217-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242800
Youngs R; Department of Otolaryngology, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital,; Gloucester, United Kingdom. ryoungs@anglianet.co.uk
Symptoms of sinusitis are among the most common reasons for patients presenting to primary care physicians. There is considerable controversy regarding appropriate management of both acute and chronic sinus disease. This article reviews etiologic mechanisms in these conditions and presents recent evidence to provide a


Community-acquired pneumonia.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 May;6(3):226-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242802
Gant V; Parton S; Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College Hospital,; London. v.gant@academic.uclh.nthames.nhs.uk
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and has significant financial implications for health-care systems. The epidemiology and fundamental biology of the disease has evolved, reflecting the human immunodeficiency virus pandemic, increasing world travel, and, as


Human immunodeficiency virus and respiratory infection.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 May;6(3):240-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242804
Ashley EA; Johnson MA; Lipman MC; Department of Thoracic and HIV Medicine, The Royal Free Hospital,; London, United Kingdom.
Pulmonary disease remains a major problem for the 33 million individuals who are thought to be infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide. Respiratory infections are responsible for a large number of the 2 million deaths that occur each year in association with HIV disease. In countries where the major


Single active site catalysis of the successive phosphoryl transfer steps by DNA transposases: insights from phosphorothioate stereoselectivity.
Cell. 2000 Apr 28;101(3):295-305. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20304334
Kennedy AK; Haniford DB; Mizuuchi K; Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario,; London, Canada.
The transposase family of proteins mediate DNA transposition or retroviral DNA integration via multistep phosphoryl transfer reactions. For Tn10 and phage Mu, a single active site of one transposase protomer catalyzes the successive transposition reaction steps. We examined phosphorothioate stereoselectivity at the sc


Lipoproteins from Borrelia burgdorferi applied in liposomes and presented by dendritic cells induce CD8(+) T-lymphocytes in vitro.
Cell Immunol. 2000 May 1;201(2):124-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20292963
Beermann C; Wunderli-Allenspach H; Groscurth P; Filgueira L; Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) is the tick-borne etiologic agent of Lyme borreliosis, which has many aspects of autoimmune diseases. Bb is unable to recycle synthesized membrane lipids and lipoproteins. Consequently, a large amount of liposome-like vesicle (Bb-blebs) is shed from the outer bacterial membrane. The influence


Antigen-dependent cytokine mRNA expression by individual rhesus macaque T helper cells by flow cytometry.
Cell Immunol. 2000 May 1;201(2):94-108. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20292961
Arredondo J; Xusheng Lu F; Villinger F; McChesney MB; McGhee JR; Miller CJ; California Regional Primate Research Center, School of Veterinary; Medicine, Davis 95616, USA.
Specific patterns of cytokine secretion by CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells determine the nature of immune effector responses. Using a multiparameter, flow cytometric fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) assay that detected cytoplasmic mRNA within intact cells, we assessed antigen-specific cytokine expression in rhesus


Oral delivery of HIV-protease inhibitors.
Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2000;17(2):73-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20280280
Li LY; Stewart BH; Fleisher D; College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; 48109-1065, USA.
Strategies for optimizing the oral delivery of HIV- protease inhibitors draw from drug discovery efforts in molecular design, drug development tools in dosage formulation, and dosage regimen considerations in clinical medicine. This review outlines the evolution of t


Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis.
Ann Periodontol. 1999 Dec;4(1):74-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20321716
Novak MJ; University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, PA 15261,; USA. mjn+@pitt.edu
In patients with no known systemic disease or immune dysfunction, necrotizing periodontitis (NUP) appears to share many of the clinical and etiologic characteristics of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) except that patients with NUP demonstrate loss of clinical attachment and alveolar bone at affected sites. In


Current developments and future prospects for HIV gene therapy using interfering RNA-based strategies.
Front Biosci. 2000 May 1;5:D527-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20261999
Lamothe B; Joshi S; Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of; Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. M5S 3E2, Canada.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a slow, progressive, degenerative disease of the human immune system, ultimately leading to premature death of the patient. This disease is primarily caused by human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). The major targets of HIV infection are blood cells, namely lymphocyte


Potential nuclease-based strategies for HIV gene therapy.
Front Biosci. 2000 May 1;5:D556-79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20262000
Singwi S; Joshi S; Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of; Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2,; Canada.
Gene therapy for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) involves the introduction of a therapeutic gene into the infected individual for the purposes of reducing viral load and ultimately reconstituting a healthy immune system. Clinical trials for HIV gene therapy have not yet reported therapeutic benefit. In addition to


The dilemma of HIV in women [editorial]
AWHONN Lifelines. 1999 Apr-May;3(2):9-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99354748
Sinclair BP
Home HIV testing: why not in Canada? [editorial]
CMAJ. 2000 May 30;162(11):1545, 1547. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20319576
New rapid HIV test opens Pandora's box of ethical concerns [news]
CMAJ. 2000 May 30;162(11):1600. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20319592
Sibbald B
Rapid HIV testing [news]
CMAJ. 2000 May 30;162(11):1605. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20319595
Weir E
Substance use: time for drug law reform [comment]
CMAJ. 2000 Jun 13;162(12):1693-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20328567
Hankins C; Montreal Regional Public Health Department, McGill University; AIDS Centre, Que. chankins@santepub-mtl.qc.ca
Interpreting the relation between injection drug use and harm: a cautionary note [comment]
CMAJ. 2000 Jun 13;162(12):1695-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20328568
Anderson JF; Clinical Support Unit, British Columbia Ministry of Health,; Victoria. john.anderson@moh.hnet.bc.ca
Oral treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and zidovudine suppresses murine accessory cell-dependent immune responses.
Toxicol Sci. 2000 Jun;55(2):335-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20291504
Freund YR; Dousman L; MacGregor JT; Mohagheghpour N; SRI International, Menlo Park, California 94025-3493, USA.; yvonne.freund@sri.com
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), commonly used for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS patients, often produces a high incidence of treatment-limiting reactions. We investigated the effect of oral administration of TMP-SMX alone or in combination with the antiretroviral drug zidovudine


Beyond the big cities. HIV in rural America a growing threat.
Adv Nurse Pract. 1999 Mar;7(3):61-2, 64, 66-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99302031
Leccese C
Changing disease patterns and their significance in the training of undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Eur J Dent Educ. 1999;3 Suppl 1:44-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20323682
Greenspan J; School of Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, School of; Medicine, University of California San Francisco, USA.; stom%johng@ccmail.ucsf.edu
Thalidomide--a treatment for cancer? [news]
Mayo Clin Health Lett. 2000 Jun;18(6):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20326081
The United States in 1981: the appearance of AIDS [editorial]
Eur J Dermatol. 2000 Apr-May;10(3):242. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192203
Thivolet J
[HIV-1 resistance and the clinical laboratory]
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20314949
Cordoba J; Esteban RJ; Garijo R; Molina JM; Gobernado M; Servicio de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Avda.; Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia.
[Evaluation of mutations that confer resistance to nucleoside analogs and protease inhibitors in HIV-1-infected patients. Study Group on Resistance to Antiretroviral Agents]
Rev Esp Quimioter. 1999 Dec;12(4):317-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20314950
Martinez G; Sarria L; Campelo C; Merchan A; Cisterna R; Departamento de Inmunologia, Microbiologia y Parasitologia,; Facultad de Medicina y Odontologia de la Universidad del Pais; Vasco, Bilbao.
Genotypes that confer drug resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors were evaluated in HIV-1 proviral DNA obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples. Fifty-three HIV-1-infected patients were studied, 19 of whom had not recei


Changes in condom use after HIV diagnosis.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275018
Skrondal A; Eskild A; Thorvaldsen J; Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health,; Oslo, Norway.
We investigated changes in condom use after HIV diagnosis. The study population comprised 78 asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects recruited from a clinic in Oslo, Norway , during 1988-92. In total, 240 follow-up visits were carried out. The response variable was repeated measurements


Lamivudine for treating active hepatitis B in renal transplant recipients: a case report.
Clin Nephrol. 2000 Apr;53(4):44-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20267432
Manani SM; Fabbian F; Catalano C; Bordin V; Vogel W; Di Landro D; Divisione di Nefrologia, Ospedale di Monselice, PD, Italy.
AIM: Chronic hepatitis B is still a matter of concern among renal transplantation patients and patients waiting for a renal transplant since it influences negatively morbidity and mortality. Morbidity and mortality are associated with HBV replication. Lam


Genetic heterogeneity of HIV-1 in Greece.
Microbes Infect. 2000 Apr;2(4):353-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AJ224956
Adwan G; Papa A; Kouidou S; Alexiou S; Ialissiovas N; Itoutsos I; Kiosses V; Antoniadis A; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Aristotelian; University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
The aim of this study was to detect and determine the genetic variation of HIV-1 in Greece and to analyze the phylogenetic relationships and transmission dynamics of identified variants. Eighty-six blood samples from HIV-1 seroconve


Augmentation of LTC(4) synthesis in human eosinophils caused by CD3-stimulated Th2-like cells in vitro.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2000 Jun;278(6):L1172-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20296950
Munoz NM; van Seventer GA; Semnani RT; Leff AR; Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of; Medicine, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
We assessed the effect of anti-CD3-stimulated secretion of cultured human Th1- and Th2-like cells on leukotriene C(4) (LTC(4)) secretion in isolated human eosinophils. T helper (Th) cell subsets were generated from human naive CD4(+) T cells cocultured with irradiated human transformed B cells and either recombinant h


Experimental silicosis: a shift to a preferential IFN-gamma-based Th1 response in thoracic lymph nodes.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2000 Jun;278(6):L1221-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20296956
Garn H; Friedetzky A; Kirchner A; Jager R; Gemsa D; Institute of Immunology, Philipps University, D-35037 Marburg,; Germany.
In chronic silicosis, mechanisms leading to lymphocyte activation are still poorly understood, although it is well known that not only the lung but also the draining lymph nodes are affected. In the present study, we investigated T-cell activation by analysis of cytokine expression in the enlarged thoracic lymph nodes


Radioimmunotherapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated lymphoma.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1999 Jun;14(3):167-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308847
O'Donnell RT; Leigh BR; Christensen SD; Goldstein DS; Kukis DL; Shen S; Yuan A; DeNardo DA; Kroger LA; DeNardo GL; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis; Medical Center, Sacramento, USA.
Standard therapy for AIDS associated NHL (AANHL) is toxic and often ineffective. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is an appealing alternative to chemotherapy because of the radiosensitivity of NHL and the ability of the Lym-1 monoclonal antibody to target therapeutic irradiation to NHL while relatively sparing normal tissue.


Improved prognosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related lymphoma.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1999 Oct;14(5):349-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308865
Aviles A; Halabe J; Department of Hematology/Oncology Hospital, National Medical; Center, IMSS, Mexico, D.F. Mexico.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of modern antiretroviral therapy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma who were treated with standard chemotherapy. Twenty-nine patients with AIDS were treated with triple antiretroviral therapy, including


Expression of co-stimulatory 4-1BB ligand induces significant tumor regression and protective immunity.
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1999 Oct;14(5):353-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20308866
Xiang J; Saskatoon Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan,; Canada.
Co-stimulatory molecules play an important role in initiating antitumor immune responses. Engineered tumor cells expressing co-stimulatory molecules have been used as cancer vaccines in both experimental tumor models and clinical trials. In this study, we cloned a cDNA gene coding for the mouse co-stimulatory molecule


Cyclodidemniserinol trisulfate, a sulfated serinolipid from the Palauan ascidian Didemnum guttatum that inhibits HIV-1 integrase.
Org Lett. 2000 Jun 1;2(11):1605-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20301232
Mitchell SS; Rhodes D; Bushman FD; Faulkner DJ; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at; San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0212, USA.
[structure--see text] Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts of the Palauan ascidian Didemnum guttatum led to the isolation of cyclodidemniserinol trisulfate (1) as an inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase, which is an attractive target for anti-retroviral chemotherapy. The structure of cyclodidemniserinol trisulfate (1), t


Power through choices: the development of a sexuality education curriculum for youths in out-of-home care.
Child Welfare. 2000 May-Jun;79(3):269-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20272964
Becker MG; Barth RP; Jordan Institute for Families, University of North Carolina; School of Social Work, Chapel Hill, USA.
Youths in out-of-home care demonstrate high rates of sexual risk-taking behavior and elevated rates of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This article profiles the development and characteristics of an innovative pregnancy/HIV/STI prevention curriculum tailored to the needs of youths in o


Trypanosoma cruzi: roles for perforin-dependent and perforin-independent immune mechanisms in acute resistance.
Exp Parasitol. 2000 Apr;94(4):207-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20293033
Nickell SP; Sharma D; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of; New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131,; USA.
CD8+ T cells have been shown to be required for acute resistance to infection with the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. However, to date, the mechanism by which CD8+ T cells mediate protection in vivo has not been determined. While CD8+ T cells can exhibit cytolytic functi


Varying effects of temperature, Ca(2+) and cytochalasin on fusion activity mediated by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 glycoproteins.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20298680
Jernigan KM; Blumenthal R; Puri A
We examined fusion mediated by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) envelope glycoproteins under various experimental conditions. Incubation of HeLa cells expressing HIV-2(ROD) and HIV-2(SBL/ISY) envelope glycoproteins with HeLa-CD4 target cells resulted in fusion at temperatures >/=25 de


Large scale PCR screening of pooled plasma samples for HIV-1 and HCV.
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:109-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252071
Smith R; Heldebrant C; National Genetics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Inactivation of viruses, bacteria, protozoa and leukocytes in platelet and red cell concentrates.
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:115-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252072
Corash L; Cerus Corporation and Department of Laboratory Medicine,; University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Despite the increased safety of blood achieved through continued improvements in donor testing, concern remains about the safety of blood components. Transfusion of cellular components has been implicated in transmission of viral, bacterial, and protozoan diseases [1]. While it is commonly recognized that hepatitis B


Properties of cyanovirin-N (CV-N): inactivation of HIV-1 by sessile cyanovirin-N (sCV-N).
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:141-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252075
Gandhi MJ; Boyd MR; Yi L; Yang GG; Vyas GN; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco, USA.
Cyanovirin-N (CV-N) is a novel anti-HIV protein isolated and characterized from a cyanobacterium Nostoc ellipsosporum. CV-N protein is a single 101 amino acid chain containing two intrachain disulphide bonds and considerable internal sequence duplication, but no significant homology to previously described proteins or


Photochemical decontamination of red blood cell concentrates with the silicon phthalocyanine PC 4 and red light.
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:149-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252076
Ben-Hur E; Chan WS; Yim Z; Zuk MM; Dayal V; Roth N; Heldman E; Lazo A; Valeri CR; Horowitz B; V.I. Technologies, Inc. (Vitex), New York, NY 10032, USA.
Various approaches are being developed for virus inactivation of red blood cell concentrates (RBCC) in order to increase the safety of the blood supply. We have been studying the silicon phthalocyanine Pc 4 for this purpose, a photosensitizer activated with red light. Pc 4 targets the envelope of pathogenic viruses su


Risk of hepatitis and retroviral infections among blood donors and introduction of nucleic acid testing (NAT).
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:19-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252061
Dodd RY; Stramer SL; Aberle-Grasse J; Notari E; Transmissible Diseases Department, American Red Cross, Rockville,; MD 20855, USA.
Blood donors represent a carefully selected population of individuals. In particular, they have reduced prevalence and incidence rates for hepatitis and retroviral markers when compared to the general population. Serological testing of all donations further decreases the risk of collecting an infectious blood unit to


Non-enveloped viruses transmitted by blood and blood products.
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:29-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252062
Robertson BH; Erdman DD; Hepatitis Branch A-33, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Since the advent of solvent detergent (S-D) treatment for inactivation of enveloped viruses, there has been no transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, or hepatitis C virus by treated blood products. However, shortly after the introduction of S-D treatment, transmission of hepatitis A with S-D


Residual risk of transfusion transmitted viral infections among seronegative donors: application of the incidence/window period model.
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:61-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252065
Kleinman S; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Experience with PCR screening.
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:81-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252067
Sun R; Jayakar H; Yeh S; Mendoza M; Wisbeski MH; Iszczyszyn W; Dragon EA; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA.
The COBAS AmpliScreen Hepatitis C (HCV) Test, Version 2.0, which is designed for screening pools composed of samples from individual units of blood or plasma, employs a MultiPrep sample processing procedure that simultaneously extracts and concentrates HCV, HIV-1 and Hepatitis B virus particles from plasma. An HCV Int


Immunobiology of persistent blood-borne viral infections.
Dev Biol Stand. 2000;102:9-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252060
Vyas GN; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0134, USA.
Host-virus interactions have co-evolved to play an interactive role in the pathogenesis of viral infections and their disease outcome. Host responses to viral infections, including the cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, have been a subject of intensive research in virology and immunology. Definition of specif


The New York State universal newborn hearing screening demonstration project: ages of hearing loss identification, hearing aid fitting, and enrollment in early intervention.
Ear Hear. 2000 Apr;21(2):118-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236777
Dalzell L; Orlando M; MacDonald M; Berg A; Bradley M; Cacace A; Campbell D; DeCristofaro J; Gravel J; Greenberg E; Gross S; Pinheiro J; Regan J; Spivak L; Stevens F; Prieve B; Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, New York, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the ages of hearing loss identification, hearing aid fitting, and enrollment in early intervention through a multi-center, state-wide universal newborn hearing screening project. DESIGN: Universal newborn hearing screening was conducted at eight hospitals across New York State. All infants who


Compensatory mutations, antibiotic resistance and the population genetics of adaptive evolution in bacteria.
Genetics. 2000 Mar;154(3):985-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20221711
Levin BR; Perrot V; Walker N; Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322,; USA. blevin@emory.edu
In the absence of the selecting drugs, chromosomal mutations for resistance to antibiotics and other chemotheraputic agents commonly engender a cost in the fitness of microorganisms. Recent in vivo and in vitro experimental studies of the adaptation to these costs of resistance in Escherichia coli, HIV, and Salmonel


Codon-substitution models for heterogeneous selection pressure at amino acid sites.
Genetics. 2000 May;155(1):431-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20253124
Yang Z; Nielsen R; Goldman N; Pedersen AM; Department of Biology, University College London, London NW1 2HE,; United Kingdom. z.yang@ucl.ac.uk
Comparison of relative fixation rates of synonymous (silent) and nonsynonymous (amino acid-altering) mutations provides a means for understanding the mechanisms of molecular sequence evolution. The nonsynonymous/synonymous rate ratio (omega = d(N)d(S)) is an important indicator of selective pressure at the protein lev


Inactivation of the SNF5 transcription factor gene abolishes the lethal phenotype induced by the expression of HIV-1 integrase in yeast.
Gene. 2000 Apr 18;247(1-2):129-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20237664
Parissi V; Caumont A; Richard de Soultrait V; Dupont CH; Pichuantes S; Litvak S; CNRS UMR-5097. IFR 66 'Pathologies Infectieuses', Universite; Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2. 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux,; France. vincent.parissi@reger.u-bordeaux2.fr
The ubiquitous human transcription factor Ini1 has been shown to interact with HIV-1 integrase (IN) and to stimulate in vitro the reactions catalyzed by this enzyme. We have previously used a yeast model to study the effect of HIV-1 IN expression (Caumont, A.B., Jamieson, G.A., Pichuantes, S., Nguyen, A.T., Litvak, S.


The complete Tirant transposable element in Drosophila melanogaster shows a structural relationship with retrovirus-like retrotransposons.
Gene. 2000 Apr 18;247(1-2):87-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20237659
Marsano RM; Moschetti R; Caggese C; Lanave C; Barsanti P; Caizzi R; Istituto di Genetica, Universita di Bari, Via Amendola 165/A,; 70126, Bari, Italy.
We have determined the structure and organization of Tirant, a retrotransposon of Drosophila melanogaster reported in literature to be responsible for four independent mutations. Tirant is a long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon 8527bp long. It possesses three open reading frames (ORF) encoding Gag, Pol and Env p


The NHO Medical Guidelines for Non-Cancer Disease and local medical review policy: hospice access for patients with diseases other than cancer.
Hosp J. 1999;14(3-4):139-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20297499
Stuart B; VNA and Hospice of Northern California, Santa Rosa, USA.
For much of its history, hospice focused on problems related to malignant disease. Recently, however, non-cancer diagnoses such as congestive heart failure, emphysema and Alzheimer s disease have comprised an increasing proportion of hospice referrals. This paper details criteria published by NHO and adopted by the US


Major histocompatibility complex class I diversity in a West African chimpanzee population: implications for HIV research.
Immunogenetics. 2000 May;51(6):398-409. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
de Groot NG; Otting N; Arguello R; Watkins DI; Doxiadis GG; Madrigal JA; Bontrop RE; Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre,; Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses a major threat to humankind. And though, like humans, chimpanzees are susceptible to HIV infection, they are considered to be resistant to the development of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Little is known about major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I div


AIDS cure from donkey's milk? 'Immuno-stimulants in milk could provide cure for cancer, TB also' [news]
Indian J Med Sci. 1999 Nov;53(11):510. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20319628
AIDS and school children.
Indian J Med Sci. 1999 Dec;53(12):556-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20350510
Baldo M
Bilateral frosted branch angiitis and cytomegalovirus retinitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Indian J Ophthalmol. 1999 Sep;47(3):195-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316583
Biswas J; Raizada S; Gopal L; Kumarasamy N; Solomon S; Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
This report describes a case of frosted branch angiitis associated with AIDS.


Identification of a 30 kDa antigen from leishmania (L.) chagasi amastigotes implicated in protective cellular reponses in a murine model.
Int J Parasitol. 2000 Apr 24;30(5):599-607. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20243512
Pinto AR; Beyrodt CG; Lopes RA; Barbieri CL; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Escola; Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
An antigen of apparent molecular mass of 30 kDa, termed p30, was purified from Leishmania (L.) chagasi amastigotes after separation of parasite extracts by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel eletroctrophoresis followed by electroelution. The use of the purified antigen in lymphocyte cultures from BALB/c mice pr


NNRTIs-a new class of drugs for HIV.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000 Apr;45(4):417-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213403
Drake SM; Department of Sexual Medicine, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham B9; 5SS, UK. S.M.Drake@bham.ac.uk
Activity of nitazoxanide alone and in combination with azithromycin and rifabutin against Cryptosporidium parvum in cell culture.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213407
Giacometti A; Cirioni O; Barchiesi F; Ancarani F; Scalise G
The in vitro activity of nitazoxanide alone and in combination with azithromycin and rifabutin was investigated against four clinical isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum. The susceptibility tests were performed by inoculation of the isolates on toe cell monolayers and determination of the parasite count after 48 h incu


Pharmacokinetic assessment of oral ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000 Apr;45(4):511-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213415
Snell GI; Kotsimbos TC; Levvey BJ; Skiba M; Rutherford DM; Kong DC; Williams TJ; Krum H; Lung and Heart Transplant Service, Departments of Clinical; Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Clinical Biochemistry, Alfred; Hospital, Prahran 3181, Australia.
Oral ganciclovir has been used as prophylaxis and therapy against cytomegalovirus in patients with HIV infection and following organ transplantation. Oral ganciclovir has clear practical advantages over intravenous ganciclovir but has a relatively low bioavailability and this may b


Synergistic activation of NFAT by HIV-1 nef and the Ras/MAPK pathway.
J Biol Chem. 2000 Jun 2;275(22):16513-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287511
Manninen A; Herma Renkema G; Saksela K; Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere, P. O. Box; 607, FIN-33101 and the Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere; University Hospital, P. O. Box 2000, FIN-33521, Tampere, Finland.
Nef is a lentiviral protein involved in pathogenesis of AIDS, but its molecular mechanisms of action remain incompletely understood. Here we report a novel effect of Nef on lymphocyte signaling, which is mediated via a T cell receptor (TCR)-independent contribution of Nef to induction of nuclear factor of activated T


Transcriptional activation of JC virus by human T-lymphotropic virus type I Tax protein in human neuronal cell lines.
J Biol Chem. 2000 Jun 2;275(22):17016-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287580
Okada Y; Sawa H; Tanaka S; Takada A; Suzuki S; Hasegawa H; Umemura T; Fujisawa J; Tanaka Y; Hall WW; Nagashima K; Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, School of Medicine; and Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of; Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo; 060-8638, CREST, Japan.
Polyomavirus JC (JCV) causes the human demyelinating disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The recent demonstration of cases of PML in association with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection prompted us to examine whether the HTLV-I-encoded regulatory protein Tax activates JCV transc


Cryptococcal osteomyelitis of the spine.
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1999 May;81(3):459-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20331170
Govender S; Mutasa E; Parbhoo AH; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Natal, Durban,; South Africa.
We have treated seven patients with cryptococcal spondylitis. Five presented with a neurological deficit and one was HIV-positive. Amphotericin-B and 5-flucytosine were used in five patients and ketoconazole was given orally in the remaining two. Three patients made a complete neurological recovery. Since these lesion


Lymphoproliferative responses to mitogens and prepared antigens of M. avium complex in patients with HIV infection.
J Clin Immunol. 2000 Jan;20(1):62-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256467
Novak RM; Koirala J; Sirdar ML; D'Alfonso-Laghi N; Moreira L; Pitrak DL; Ghassemi M; University of Illinois, Chicago 60612, USA.
Published reports have demonstrated that antigens of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) can suppress the normal response to mitogens in lymphoproliferation assays. We therefore studied the lymphoproliferative (LP) function of PBMC from 55 HIV-infected patients and 16 controls in response to mitogens with and without MA


Estimated premorbid intelligence mediates neurobehavioral change in individuals infected with HIV across 12 months.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2000 Apr;22(2):208-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20243529
Basso MR; Bornstein RA; Department of Psychology, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74014,; United States of America. michael-basso@utulsa.edu
This study tested whether estimated premorbid intelligence moderates worsening neurobehavioral dysfunction in HIV infection. 155 homosexual men (54 controls, 49 HIV+ asymptomatic, 24 HIV+ symptomatic, 28 AIDS) with stable disease status were tested on measures of executive function at baseline and 12-month follow-up.


Denial of HIV/AIDS and preventive behaviour among Israeli adolescents.
J Adolesc. 2000 Apr;23(2):157-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20289986
Ben-Zur H; Breznitz S; Wardi N; Berzon Y; Ray D. Wolbw Centre for Study of Psychological Stress, University; of University of Haifa, Israel. rpps302@uvm.hafai.ac.il
A national sample of 1082 Israeli adolescents, aged 14-18, was questioned on the following topics: Respondents sexual habits and HIV/AIDS prevention behaviours, HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes, and six kinds of HIV/AIDS-related denial. The main results showed that infrequent condom use was associated with a


Genetic dissection of the molecular pathogenesis of severe infection.
Intensive Care Med. 2000;26 Suppl 1:S89-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246645
Kwiatkowski D; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK.
A fundamental question for the intensivist is why some individuals but not others succumb to life-threatening infection. A growing body of evidence indicates that both the risk of acquiring infection and the risk of developing severe complications are determined by host genetic factors. These include a number of singl


Position of the American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada: nutrition intervention in the care of persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2000 Jun;100(6):708-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20321917
Fields-Gardner C; Ayoob KT; Rose F. Kennedy Children's Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center,; Bronx,NY.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) targets the immune system, making an infected person susceptible to infection and neoplasm because of an impaired ability to mount an adequate immune response. Malnutrition and its complications can further render an HIV-infected person susceptible to opportunistic infection and redu


Fatal course of HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy despite successful highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]
J Infect. 2000 Jan;40(1):100-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20222762
Weiner SM; Laubenberger J; Muller K; Schneider J; Kreisel W
Introduction to the mini-review series on emerging infectious diseases [editorial]
J Infect. 2000 Jan;40(1):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20222741
Wilkins E
Comparison of clarithromycin-sensitive and clarithromycin-resistant Mycobacterium avium strains isolated from AIDS patients during therapy regimens including clarithromycin.
J Infect. 2000 Jan;40(1):49-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20222748
Matsiota-Bernard P; Zinzendorf N; Onody C; Guenounou M; Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hopital Raymond Poincare,; Faculte de Medicine de Paris-Ouest, Universite Paris V,; Garches, France.
OBJECTIVES: Sixteen Mycobacterium avium strains were isolated from the blood of eight AIDS patients over a period of months. All the patients were on combination therapies including clarithromycin, and all had treatment failure and relapses of M.avium bacteremia. Paired clarithromycin-sensitive and resistant M.avium s


Analysis of antibody response to Cryptococcus neoformans in five patients with AIDS and cryptococcosis by immunoblotting.
J Infect. 2000 Jan;40(1):64-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20222751
Lamura L; Matthews RC; Barchiesi F; Donahoe M; Burnie JP; Scalise G; Institute of Infectious Diseases & Public Health, University of; Ancona, Italy.
OBJECTIVES: The serological response of five patients with AIDS and cryptococcosis to non capsular antigens from Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans has been investigated. METHODS: Pressates of different isolates of C. neoformans were used as antigenic preparation for immunoblotting of patient samples. RESULTS: Mu


Successful treatment of Castleman's disease with HAART in two HIV-infected patients.
J Infect. 2000 Jan;40(1):90-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20222756
Lanzafame M; Carretta G; Trevenzoli M; Lazzarini L; Vento Ercole Concia S; Istituto di Immunologia e Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Civile; Maggiore Borgo Trento, Verona, Italy.
Castleman s disease is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders of unknown aetiology. Recently, human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) has been associated with various diseases in individuals with HIV infection, including Kaposi s sarcoma, B cell non Hodgkin s lymphomas, and Castleman s disease.In Castleman s


Long-term remission of human immunodeficiency virus-associated visceral leishmaniasis after initiation of potent combination antiretroviral treatment: report of two cases.
J Infect. 2000 Jan;40(1):94-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20222758
Mastroianni CM; d'Ettorre G; Forcina G; Corpolongo A; Dell'Isola S; Lichtner M; D'Agostino C; Trinchieri V; Santopadre P; Vullo V; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, La Sapienza; University, Rome, Italy.
We describe two cases of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with visceral leishmaniasis in whom no clinical and parasitological disease relapses were observed after liposomal amphotericin B therapy combined with potent antiretroviral treatment.


[A study of anti-HIV compounds which interfere the virus entry via coreceptor CXCR4]
Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 2000 Mar;74(3):237-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246008
Kanbara K; Fujii N; Nakashima H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kagoshima University; Dental School.
T22 is an anti-HIV polypeptide which was synthesized with chemical modification from the horse shoe hemocytic polypeptides, polyphemusin II as a lead compound. T22 was found to block T-tropic HIV-1 entry into target cells as a CXCR4 antagonist. We synthesized T134, a small sized analog of T22 with reduced positive cha


[Current form of pulmonary tuberculosis]
Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. 2000 Mar 10;89(3):554-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20264750
Kawashiro T
[Infections--current topics]
Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. 2000 Mar 10;89(3):565-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20264752
kashiwagi S
Phase II trial of the antiangiogenic agent thalidomide in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas.
J Clin Oncol. 2000 Feb;18(4):708-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20139474
Fine HA; Figg WD; Jaeckle K; Wen PY; Kyritsis AP; Loeffler JS; Levin VA; Black PM; Kaplan R; Pluda JM; Yung WK; Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and; Departments of Neurology, Surgery, and Radiation Oncology,; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,; USA.
PURPOSE: Little progress has been made in the treatment of adult high-grade gliomas over the last two decades, thus necessitating a search for novel therapeutic strategies. Malignant gliomas are vascular or angiogenic tumors, which leads to the supposition that angiogenesis inhibition may represent a potentially promi


Results of a randomized study of IM862 nasal solution in the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
J Clin Oncol. 2000 Feb;18(4):716-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20139475
Tulpule A; Scadden DT; Espina BM; Cabriales S; Howard W; Shea K; Gill PS; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Kenneth Norris; Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, University of Southern; California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
PURPOSE: Although advances have been made in the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) with systemic chemotherapy, less toxic therapies are needed. IM862 is a naturally occurring peptide with antiangiogenic properties and was thus studied in patients with AIDS-KS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: IM862 was given a


Diuretic MAG3 scintirenography in children with HIV nephropathy: diffuse parenchymal dysfunction.
J Nucl Med. 2000 Jun;41(6):1037-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20312321
Sfakianakis GN; Carmona AJ; Sharma A; Strauss J; Georgiou MF; Zilleruelo GE; Abitbol CA; Montane BS; Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine; and Jackson Memorial Hospital, Florida 33101, USA.
HIV nephropathy (HIVN) is prevalent in 15%-56% of HIV-infected children and induces mild to severe progressive nephropathy. METHODS: A total of 33 renal diuretic scintirenographic studies with 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) were reviewed and analyzed from 23 HIV pediatric patients, 21 of whom had HIVN with vary


Follicular dendritic cells share a membrane-bound protein with fibroblasts.
J Pathol. 2000 Jun;191(2):217-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20320978
Bofill M; Akbar AN; Amlot PL; Department of Immunology, The Royal Free and University College; Medical School, London, UK. bofill@rfhsm.ac.uk
The expression of a fibroblast antigen (AS02) on a proportion of CD21+ follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) provides evidence in support of their fibroblastic reticular origin. This antigen is expressed on the membrane of tissue fibroblasts but is absent from lymphocytes, macrophages or granulocytes. The distribution of


HIV among people with mental illness: contributing factors, prevention needs, barriers, and strategies.
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2000 Apr;38(4):14-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20249585
Brown EJ; Jemmott LS; University of Central Florida School of Nursing, Orlando, USA.; brown@mail.ucf.edu
1. Findings suggest that PWMI, including those with serious mental illness, are sexually active although some individuals, including mental health professionals, perceive them to be asexual or not sexually active. 2. PWMI may be particularly susceptible to HIV risk-related behaviors due to poor judgment, limited impul


Analysis of Th1 and Th2 cytokines expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in rheumatoid arthritis by flow cytometry.
J Rheumatol. 2000 May;27(5):1128-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20271385
Berner B; Akca D; Jung T; Muller GA; Reuss-Borst MA; Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology,; Georg-August-University of Goettingen, Germany. bberner@gwdg.de
OBJECTIVE: A Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance with a predominance of Th1 cytokines has been suggested to be of pathogenetic importance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To evaluate the role of Th1/Th2 cytokines in RA, we used intracellular cytokine flow cytometry to determine cytokine profiles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in 34 per


Human immunodeficiency virus infection and arthritis [letter; comment]
J Rheumatol. 2000 May;27(5):1322-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20271422
Rivera J; Garcia-Monforte A
Developing a dynamic pharmacophore model for HIV-1 integrase.
J Med Chem. 2000 Jun 1;43(11):2100-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20302828
Carlson HA; Masukawa KM; Rubins K; Bushman FD; Jorgensen WL; Lins RD; Briggs JM; McCammon JA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of; California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0365, USA.; hcarlson@mccammon.ucsd.edu
We present the first receptor-based pharmacophore model for HIV-1 integrase. The development of dynamic pharmacophore models is a new method that accounts for the inherent flexibility of the active site and aims to reduce the entropic penalties associated with binding a ligand. Furthermore, this new drug discovery m


Structure-activity relationships in platelet-activating factor (PAF). 10. From PAF antagonism to inhibition of HIV-1 replication.
J Med Chem. 2000 Jun 1;43(11):2149-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20302832
Serradji N; Bensaid O; Martin M; Kan E; Dereuddre-Bosquet N; Redeuilh C; Huet J; Heymans F; Lamouri A; Clayette P; Dong CZ; Dormont D; Godfroid JJ; Unite de Recherche Pharmacochimie Moleculaire et Systemes; Membranaires, Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie Moleculaire,; Universite Paris, France.
Excessive levels of PAF and cells of macrophage lineage appear to play an important role in neuronal cell injury, inflammatory syndrome, and HIV replication in CNS resulting in AIDS dementia complex (ADC). The beneficial effects of PAF receptor antagonists are evident and give rise


Synthesis, in vitro anti-breast cancer activity, and intracellular decomposition of amino acid methyl ester and alkyl amide phosphoramidate monoesters of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT).
J Med Chem. 2000 Jun 1;43(11):2266-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20302844
Iyer VV; Griesgraber GW; Radmer MR; McIntee EJ; Wagner CR; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy,; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
We report the synthesis and anticancer activity of a series of AZT phosphoramidate monoesters containing amino acid methyl ester (3a-11a) and N-alkyl amide (3b-11b, 9c-9f) moieties. The aromatic amino acid methyl esters were found to be more cytotoxic


Crystal structure of an adenine bulge in the RNA chain of a DNA.RNA hybrid, d(CTCCTCTTC).r(gaagagagag).
J Mol Biol. 2000 May 26;299(1):103-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20328602
Sudarsanakumar C; Xiong Y; Sundaralingam M; Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Ohio State University,; Columbus 43210, USA.
Crystal structure of a DNA.RNA hybrid, d(CTCCTCTTC).r(gaagagagag), with an adenine bulge in the polypurine RNA strand was determined at 2.3 A resolution. The structure was solved by the molecular replacement method and refined to a final R-factor of 19.9% (Rfree 22.2%). The hybrid duplex crystallized in the space grou


NMR structure of stem-loop SL2 of the HIV-1 psi RNA packaging signal reveals a novel A-U-A base-triple platform.
J Mol Biol. 2000 May 26;299(1):145-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PDB/1ESY
Amarasinghe GK; De Guzman RN; Turner RB; Summers MF; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Maryland,; Baltimore County 21250, USA.
The genome of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) contains a stretch of approximately 120 nucleotides known as the psi-site that is essential for RNA packaging during virus assembly. These nucleotides have been proposed to form four stem-loops (SL1-SL4) that have both independent and overlapping functions.


Sequences within Pr160gag-pol affecting the selective packaging of primer tRNA(Lys3) into HIV-1.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20328597
Khorchid A; Javanbakht H; Wise S; Halwani R; Parniak MA; Wainberg MA; Kleiman L
The selective packaging of the primer tRNA(Lys3) into HIV-1 particles is dependent upon the viral incorporation of the Pr160gag-pol precursor protein. In order to map a tRNA(Lys3) binding site within this precursor, we have studied the effects of mutations in Pr160gag-pol upon the selective incorporation of tRNA(Lys3)


Two nuclear localization signals in the HIV-1 matrix protein regulate nuclear import of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex.
J Mol Biol. 2000 Jun 2;299(2):359-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20318770
Haffar OK; Popov S; Dubrovsky L; Agostini I; Tang H; Pushkarsky T; Nadler SG; Bukrinsky M; Cytokine Networks Inc., Seattle, WA, 98119, USA.
Replication of HIV-1 in non-dividing and slowly proliferating cell populations depends on active import of the viral pre-integration complex (PIC) into the cell nucleus. While it is commonly accepted that this process is mediated by an interaction between the HIV-1 PIC and the cellular nuclear import machinery, contro


Depression among needle exchange program and methadone maintenance clients.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2000 Jun;18(4):331-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20274043
Brienza RS; Stein MD; Chen M; Gogineni A; Sobota M; Maksad J; Hu P; Clarke J; Division of General Internal Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, 593; Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of major depression in two cohorts of injection drug users, those enrolled in a Rhode Island Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program (MMTP) and those enrolled in a Rhode Island Needle Exchange Program (NEP) using cross-sectional interviews. Symptomatic and dura


Alcohol use patterns predict high-risk HIV behaviors among active injection drug users.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2000 Jun;18(4):359-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20274047
Stein MD; Hanna L; Natarajan R; Clarke J; Marisi M; Sobota M; Rich J; Providence Methadone and Injection Use Study, Division of General; Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Brown; University, Providence, RI 02903, USA. michael_stein@brown.edu
The purpose of this study was to determine if alcohol use is independently associated with needle-sharing behavior. Participants were 196 active injection drug users recruited into the Providence, Rhode Island Needle Exchange program between July 1997 and March 1998. All subjects were administered a 45-minute question


A program evaluation study of a nursing home operated as a modified therapeutic community for chemically dependent persons with AIDS. Project Samaritan AIDS Services, Inc.'s Residential Health Care Facility, Highbridge Section, Bronx, NY.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2000 Jun;18(4):373-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20274050
Carroll JF; McGovern JJ; McGinley JJ; Torres JC; Walker JR; Pagan ES; Biafora FA; Project Return Foundation, Inc., 10 Astor Place, New York, NY; 10003-6935, USA. jfxc4318@aol.com
An interagency evaluation of the treatment effectiveness of a speciality nursing home (NH) run as a therapeutic community (TC) for residents diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and substance abuse/dependence (SA/D) was conducted. A total of 79 chemically dependent men and women with AIDS were: (a)


The AIDS epidemic--considerations for the 21st century.
J Urol. 2000 Jul;164(1):263-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352626
Schaeffer AJ
HAART stopping news: experts examine structured therapy interruption for HIV [news]
JAMA. 2000 Jun 14;283(22):2917-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20325652
Friedrich MJ
Effect of ritonavir on saquinavir metabolism [letter; comment]
JAMA. 2000 Jun 14;283(22):2936-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20325671
Buss N
A piece of my mind: blood lines.
JAMA. 2000 Jun 21;283(23):3043-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20325682
Bell MH
Immune suppression in polymicrobial sepsis: differential regulation of Th1 and Th2 responses by p38 MAPK.
J Surg Res. 2000 Jun 15;91(2):141-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20300783
Song GY; Chung CS; Chaudry IH; Ayala A; Center for Surgical Research, Brown University School of; Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA.
BACKGROUND: Studies have indicated that a shift from a Th1 to a Th2 response occurs that contributes to the late immunosuppression seen during sepsis. However, the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. In this regard, mediators released in response to sepsis are thought to upregulate a family of stress-induced mi


HIV/AIDS issues take centre-stage at World Health Assembly [news]
Lancet. 2000 May 27;355(9218):1894. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322826
Kapp C
Protests in India after arrest of HIV/AIDS activists [news]
Lancet. 2000 May 27;355(9218):1896. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322827
Kumar S
Preventing HIV: determinants of sexual behaviour.
Lancet. 2000 May 27;355(9218):1897-901. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322828
Donovan B; Ross MW; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, and Department of; Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Sydney,; Australia. donovanb@sesahs.nsw.gov.au
AIDS has Invigorated and distorted the study of sexual behaviour. Because that study began so recently, there remain many unanswered questions about why we have sex at all, why we do sex one way rather than another, or even how we define sex. Yet in every instance in which well-designed and adequately resourced behavi


Increasing gonorrhoea reports--not only in London [letter; comment]
Lancet. 2000 May 27;355(9218):1908-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322833
Browning MR; Blackwell AL; Joynson DH
Universal newborn hearing screening in an inner-city, managed care environment.
Laryngoscope. 2000 Jun;110(6):881-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20309341
Isaacson G; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Bronchoesophagology, Temple; University School of Medicine, and The Temple University; Children's Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Universal neonatal hearing screening (UNHS) programs aim to identify and treat educationally significant hearing loss in the first months of life. Several states have mandated UNHS for all newborns. Such programs have been successful in small, homogeneous populations. As larger states attempt to


Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist as a treatment of HIV infection.
Med Hypotheses. 2000 Apr;54(4):513-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20319322
Corley PA
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) apparently utilizes human chromosome 2, interleukin-1 (IL-1), glucocorticoid hormones, and viral Tat protein to accelerate its replication and the synthesis of all HIV proteins. HIV Tat protein binds to the long terminal repeat (LTR) ribonucleic acid, including the trans-acting r


Androgel.
Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2000 Jun 12;42(1080):49-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20318866
Prenatal exposure to anti-HIV drugs. long-term neurobehavioral effects of lamivudine (3TC) in CD-1 mice.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2000 May-Jun;22(3):369-79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20300861
Calamandrei G; Venerosi A; Branchi I; Valanzano A; Alleva E; Section of Comparative Psychology, Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia; di Organo e di Sistema, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale; Regina Elena 299, I-00161, Rome, Italy. gemma@iss.it
The present study was aimed at investigating the long-term effects of prenatal exposure to lamivudine ( 3TC ), an antiretroviral drug used in clinical practice alone or in combination with zidovudine (


Temporal development of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI)-induced peripheral myelinopathy.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2000 May-Jun;22(3):429-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20300868
Patterson TA; Schmued LC; Sandberg JA; Slikker W; Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological; Research/FDA, 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA.; tpatterson@nctr.fda.gov
The anti-HIV therapeutic dideoxyinosine (ddI) has been reported to produce a painful, dose-limiting peripheral myelinopathy in HIV-infected patients after chronic administration. We have previously demonstrated ddI-induced myelinopathy in a non-HIV-infected rat model after 20 weeks of dosing, characterized by myelin s


Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. American Thoracic Society.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000 Jun 9;49(RR-6):1-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20337610
This statement provides new recommendations for targeted tuberculin testing and treatment regimens for persons with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and updates previously published guidelines (1,2). This statement is issued in recognition of the importance of these activities as an essential component of the TB E


HIV-related tuberculosis in a transgender network--Baltimore, Maryland, and New York City area, 1998-2000.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000 Apr 21;49(15):317-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20314151
During June-August 1998, the Tuberculosis (TB) Control Program of the Baltimore City Health Department (BCHD) identified four cases of TB among young black men. Three of these men also had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The four reported belonging to a social network of transgender persons (i.e., person


HIV/AIDS among men who have sex with men and inject drugs--United States, 1985-1998.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000 Jun 2;49(21):465-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20338141
Men who have sex with men and inject drugs (MSM/IDU) pose unique challenges for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction efforts because they have multiple risks for HIV acquisition and transmission. This report presents 1) the demographic characteristics of MSM/IDU diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency sy


Adoption of protective behaviors among persons with recent HIV infection and diagnosis--Alabama, New Jersey, and Tennessee, 1997-1998.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000 Jun 16;49(23):512-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20338138
A comprehensive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategy includes knowledge of HIV status, counseling to reduce high-risk behavior, and referral for appropriate care (1). After diagnosis, a substantial percentage of HIV-infected persons reduce their high-risk sexual behaviors (2-4). This report presents


More on virostatic therapy for advanced lymphoproliferation associated with Epstein-Barr virus in an HIV-infected patient [letter; comment]
N Engl J Med. 2000 Jul 6;343(1):71-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324778
MacMahon EM
China warned of AIDS 'disaster' [news]
Nature. 2000 Jun 15;405(6788):721. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322530
Effects of the CRF(1) receptor antagonist, CP 154,526, in the separation-induced vocalization anxiolytic test in rat pups.
Neuropharmacology. 2000 Jun 8;39(8):1357-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20280058
Kehne JH; Coverdale S; McCloskey TC; Hoffman DC; Cassella JV; Neurogen Corporation, 35 Northeast Industrial Road, 06405,; Branford, CT, USA. jkehne@nrgn.com
CRF(1) receptor antagonists have been proposed as novel pharmacological treatments for depression, anxiety and stress disorders. The primary goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the CRF(1) receptor antagonist, CP 154,526, in the separation-induced vocalization (SIV) model of anxiety. Nine- to 11-da


Remedies for HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy [editorial; comment]
Neurology. 2000 Jun 13;54(11):2037-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20311561
Berger JR; Nath A
A placebo-controlled trial of lamotrigine for painful HIV-associated neuropathy [see comments]
Neurology. 2000 Jun 13;54(11):2115-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20311576
Simpson DM; Olney R; McArthur JC; Khan A; Godbold J; Ebel-Frommer K; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA.; david.simpson@mssm.edu
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the analgesic efficacy of lamotrigine in the treatment of painful HIV-associated distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP). BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of HIV-associated DSP is unknown and there is no effective treatment. A novel anticonvulsant, lamotrigine, blocks voltage-sensitive sodium channel


Antiretroviral therapy may improve sensory function in HIV-infected patients: a pilot study [see comments]
Neurology. 2000 Jun 13;54(11):2120-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20311577
Martin C; Solders G; Sonnerborg A; Hansson P; Department of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate thermal and nociceptive function in a prospective, longitudinal study of 49 consecutive HIV-1-infected patients before and at 1, 4, and 8 months after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: Quantitative assessments of thermal perception thresholds for warmth (dWT), cold (dC


Immunocytological determination of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages in urinary sediments of renal allograft recipients.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000 Jun;15(6):888-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20293347
Grunewald RW; Fiedler GM; Stock B; Grunewald JM; Muller GA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gottingen,; Germany.
BACKGROUND: Urinary studies using Papanicolaou staining following kidney transplantation led to the conjecture that acute allograft rejection might be accompanied by an increased lymphocyturia. However, it is difficult to distinguish lymphoid cells from other urinary cells using conventional stains. METHODS: Staining


Fibroblast growth factor 2 up regulates telomerase activity in neural precursor cells.
Oncogene. 2000 Jun 15;19(26):2957-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20332404
Haik S; Gauthier LR; Granotier C; Peyrin JM; Lages CS; Dormont D; Boussin FD; CEA, Service de Neurovirologie DSV/DRM, CRSSA, IPSC, BP 6, 92 265; Fontenay-aux-Roses cedex, France.
During brain development, neuronal and glial cells are generated from neural precursors on a precise schedule involving steps of proliferation, fate commitment and differentiation. We report that telomerase activity is highly expressed during embryonic murine cortical neurogenesis and early steps of gliogenesis and pr


Invasive fungal sinusitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2000 Apr;33(2):335-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20202494
Hunt SM; Miyamoto RC; Cornelius RS; Tami TA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of; Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Invasive fungal sinusitis can present as either an indolent or fulminant process that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals. In this article, the clinical characteristics of four cases of invasive fungal sinusitis in patients with AIDS are analyzed and 22 additional previously reported cases in the literatur


Analysis of mutations and suppressors affecting interactions between the subunits of the HIV type 1 reverse transcriptase.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jun 6;97(12):6334-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20300901
Tachedjian G; Aronson HE; Goff SP; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Howard; Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY; 10032, USA.
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) catalyzes the conversion of genomic RNA into cDNA. The enzyme is a heterodimer of p66 and p51 subunits, and the dimerization of these subunits is required for optimal enzyme activity. To analyze this process at the genetic level, we developed constructs that permit the detection of the


Molecular modeling and in vitro activity of an HIV-1-encoded glutathione peroxidase.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20300905
Zhao L; Cox AG; Ruzicka JA; Bhat AA; Zhang W; Taylor EW
Based on theoretical evidence, it has been proposed that HIV-1 may encode several selenoprotein modules, one of which (overlapping the env gp41-coding region) has highly significant


Copy-choice recombination by reverse transcriptases: reshuffling of genetic markers mediated by RNA chaperones.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jun 6;97(12):6385-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20300910
Negroni M; Buc H; Institut Pasteur, Unite de Physicochimie des Macromolecules; Biologiques, Unite de Recherche Associee 1773 du Centre; National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75724 Paris cedex 15,; France. matteo@pasteur.fr
Copy-choice recombination efficiently reshuffles genetic markers in retroviruses. In vivo, the folding of the genomic RNA is controlled by the nucleocapsid protein (NC). We show that binding of NC onto the acceptor RNA molecule is sufficient to enhance recombination, providing evidence for a mechanism where the struct


Anopheles gambiae pilot gene discovery project: identification of mosquito innate immunity genes from expressed sequence tags generated from immune-competent cell lines.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jun 6;97(12):6619-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
Dimopoulos G; Casavant TL; Chang S; Scheetz T; Roberts C; Donohue M; Schultz J; Benes V; Bork P; Ansorge W; Soares MB; Kafatos FC; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117; Heidelberg, Germany.
Together with AIDS and tuberculosis, malaria is at the top of the list of devastating infectious diseases. However, molecular genetic studies of its major vector, Anopheles gambiae, are still quite limited. We have conducted a pilot gene discovery project to accelerate progress in the molecular analysis of vector biol


In vitro correlates of HIV-2-mediated HIV-1 protection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jun 6;97(12):6797-802. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20300981
Kokkotou EG; Sankale JL; Mani I; Gueye-Ndiaye A; Schwartz D; Essex ME; Mboup S; Kanki PJ; Harvard AIDS Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious; Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Avenue,; Boston, MA 02115, USA.
A prospective study of high-risk commercial sex workers in Senegal has shown that HIV-2 infection may reduce the risk of subsequent HIV-1 infection; these findings have been confirmed and extended, now with 13 years of observation. While exploring the biological mechanisms behind


[AIDS syndrome in an eight-month-old infant]
Przegl Epidemiol. 1999;53(3-4):371-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260370
Chlebna-Sokol D; Stanczyk A; Sikora JP; Sikora A; Klinika Propedeutyki Pediatrii Instytutu Pediatrii AM w Lodzi.
The paper presents multiorgan manifestations of AIDS syndrome in an infant at the age of 8 months. The child was admitted to the Clinic with enteric disorder, anaemia, hepatosplenomegaly and pneumonia. The diagnosis of those anomalies and the treatment of pneumonia took much time. Infection with


[The infected partners view of AIDS]
Rev Bras Enferm. 1998 Jul-Sep;51(3):393-402. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238582
Barroso MG; Miranda CC; Pinheiro PN; Departamento de Enfermagem da UFC.
Our objective was to reflect upon the HIV contamination in women who has a stable relationship. We have used semi-structure interview with an ethnographic way of focussing to the women from Infections diseases hospital, also STD s at the State of Ceara. At the interview questions about prevention in the couple relatio


[Effect of antiretroviral treatment and prophylaxis for opportunistic infections on survival of patients with AIDS]
Rev Clin Esp. 2000 Apr;200(4):187-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315400
Galvez Hermoso C; Blanco Quintana F; del Amo Valero J; Diez Ruiz-Navarro M; Soriano Vazquez V; Gonzalez Lahoz J; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Carlos III,; Madrid.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and prophylaxis against opportunist disease on survival of patients with AIDS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Study of AIDS patients diagnosed from January 1996 to October 1997 in a Madrid hospital. An analysis was made of demographic, clinical, and immunolog


[New criteria for the prophylaxis of infective diseases in patients infected by HIV]
Rev Clin Esp. 2000 Apr;200(4):218-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315406
Verdejo Ortes J; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Carlos III,; Madrid.
HIV infection in Poland (1985-96).
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2000 Apr;48 Suppl 1:1S17-1S31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20314824
Robinson NJ; INSERM Unit 88, HNSM, Saint-Maurice, France.; jnr86737@glaxowellcome.co.uk.
Reported numbers of HIV infections have provided an indication of the order of magnitude of the size of the HIV epidemic in Poland , and how it has evolved in time. To the end of 1996, most documented infections had been observed amo


An assessment of the spread of HIV infection in Poland and Ukraine. Introduction.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2000 Apr;48 Suppl 1:1S2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20314822
Hamers FF; Robinson NJ; EuroHIV (European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of; AIDS, Institut de Veille Sanitaire), Saint-Maurice, France.
HIV infection in Ukraine (1987-96).
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2000 Apr;48 Suppl 1:1S3-1S15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20314823
Hamers FF; EuroHIV, European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of; AIDS, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, 12, rue du Val d'Osne, 94415; Saint-Maurice Cedex, France. f.hamers@invs.sante.fr.
In Ukraine , the number of reported HIV infections increased extremely rapidly during the second half of the 1990s, from less than 50 per year until 1994 to more than 12,000 in 1996. The increase was initially observed and was particularly striking in the regions along the Black Se


[Simultaneous resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]
Rev Mal Respir. 2000 Apr;17(2):477-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20317347
Ouedraogo M; Ouedraogo SM; Diagbouga S; Coulibaly G; Achi V; Domoua K; N'Dathz M; Yapi A; Service de Pneumo-Phtisiologie, Centre Hospitalier National; Yalgado Ouedraogo (CHNYO), Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.
Percentages of primary and acquired resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs provide an epidemiological indicator useful for assessing national anti-tuberculosis programs. Rifampicin and isoniazide are widely used in countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. In tropical Africa, these drugs are the mainstay treatm


[Lung disease due to Mycobacterium xenopi excluding AIDS. Apropos of 8 cases]
Rev Mal Respir. 2000 Apr;17(2):481-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20317348
Froidure M; Massin F; Duez JM; Baudouin N; Camus P; Jeannin L; Service de Pneumologie et Reanimation Respiratoire, Hopital du; Bocage, CHU de Dijon. pneumo.dijon@planetb.fr
Between 1994 and early 1999, Mycobacterium xenopi was isolated in 11 HIV-negative patients seen at the Respiratory Disease Department of the Dijon University Hospital. Eight of these patients met the criteria of lung infection. Clinical and radiological features simulated pulmonary tuberculosis which delayed diagnosis


[Infectious neuropathies]
Rev Prat. 2000 Apr 1;50(7):743-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20312021
Creange A; Service de neurologie et laboratoire Germen, (INSERM E.0011); Hopital Henri-Mondor, Creteil.
Infective neuropathies constitute a leading cause of neuropathies in the world. The number of patients with nerve lesions related to leprosy remains high despite decreasing number of new cases requiring multidrug regimens. Peripheral neuropathies associated with HIV infection may be found in up to 50% of patients. Neu


Globalization, ethics, and AIDS vaccines [editorial]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2129. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352648
Abdool Karim SS
HIV and Africa's future.
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2149. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352660
Norman C
Ground zero: AIDS research in Africa [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2150-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352661
Cohen J
Is AIDS in Africa a distinct disease? [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2153-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352662
Cohen J
Balancing the collaboration equation [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2155-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352663
Cohen J
Major international AIDS research collaborations [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2156-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352664
Cohen J
Profile: building a world-class lab from scratch [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2157. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352665
Cohen J
Profile: restarting Rwanda's research engine [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2158. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352666
Cohen J
Profile. The risks--and rewards--of war zone research [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2159. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352667
Cohen J
The mother of all HIV challenges [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2160-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352668
Cohen J
Profile. Preventing infections with today's tools [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2161. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352669
Cohen J
Profile. An ambassador of research [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2162. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352670
Cohen J
Profile: McIntyre and Gray have a will and a way [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2163. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352671
Cohen J
Searching for the epidemic's origins [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2164-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352672
Cohen J
Africa boosts AIDS vaccine R&D [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2165-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352673
Cohen J
Profile: a native son comes home to help [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2166. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352674
Cohen J
South Africa's new enemy [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2168-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352675
Cohen J
Profile: a research renaissance, South African style [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2169. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352676
Cohen J
Confronting conference complexities [news]
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2170. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20352677
Cohen J
Something to be done: treating HIV/AIDS. River Path Associates.
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2171-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20325475
Bloom DE; Department of Population and International Health, School of; Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; dbloom@hsph.harvard.edu
Largely because of disparities in access to drug treatment and care, AIDS morbidity and mortality have fallen in the developed world but continue to rise among developing countries. Achieving more equitable access to AIDS drugs is hindered by high drug prices, technical complexities related to the provision of health


Scaling Up HIV/AIDS programs to national coverage.
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2173-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20325476
Binswanger HP; Rural Development and Environment for Africa, World Bank,; Washington, DC 20005, USA.
The most important issue in the fight against HIV/AIDS is how to scale up existing programs that are only reaching small numbers of people to the national level. Here, I present suggestions on how to tackle the daunting challenge of building truly national HIV/AIDS programs, based on insights gained from participatory


Global AIDS epidemic: time to turn the tide.
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2176-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20325477
Piot P; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), 20 Avenue; Appia, Geneva 27, Switzerland.
HIV/AIDS is catastrophic both from a public health perspective and in terms of its impact on economic and social stability in many of the most severely affected nations, including virtually all of southern Africa. A public health response alone is insufficient to address this devastating epidemic. Political leadership


Role of the guanosine triphosphatase Rac2 in T helper 1 cell differentiation.
Science. 2000 Jun 23;288(5474):2219-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20325489
Li B; Yu H; Zheng W; Voll R; Na S; Roberts AW; Williams DA; Davis RJ; Ghosh S; Flavell RA; Section of Immunobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute,; Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, New Haven,; CT 06520-8011, USA.
T helper 1 (TH1) cells mediate cellular immunity, whereas TH2 cells potentiate antiparasite and humoral immunity. We used a complementary DNA subtraction method, representational display analysis, to show that the small guanosine triphosphatase Rac2 is expressed selectively in murine TH1 cells. Rac induces the interfe


Contamination of medicine injection paraphernalia used by registered medical practitioners in south India: an ethnographic study.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275166
Lakshman M; Nichter M
While considerable attention has been directed at the important role of intravenous drug use in the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B, little research to date has been conducted on the role of medicine injections in


Theoretical perspectives on suicide in gay men with AIDS.
Soc Sci Med. 2000 Jul;51(1):65-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275170
McNaught A; Spicer J; School of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New; Zealand. a.j.mcnaught@massey.ac.nz
Suicide among gay men with AIDS constitutes a significant theoretical and practical problem. In order to understand this problem it is necessary to consider the specific circumstances that surround these individuals. Whilst there are many theories of suicide with which to address the problem, few are able to capture t


A persistent challenge: the diagnosis of respiratory disease in the non-AIDS immunocompromised host.
Thorax. 2000 Jun;55(6):511-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20278260
Mayaud C; Cadranel J; Service de Pneumologie et de Reanimation Respiratoire, Hopital; Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France.
[HLA-B27 in Bechterew's disease (see comments)]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000 Apr 30;120(11):1317-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20326047
Ulvestad E; Avdeling for mikrobiologi og immunologi, Gades Institutt,; Haukeland Sykehus, Bergen.
BACKGROUND: The role of HLA-B27 in rheumatic disease is reviewed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The PubMed database was searched for the code words HLA-B27, ankylosing spondylitis, or their combinations. The diagnostic value of HLA-B27 for ankylosing spondylitis was calculated using Bayes theorem. RESULTS: It is still not cl


[Rheumatological manifestations in HIV infections]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000 Apr 30;120(11):1326-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20326049
Melaku Z; Haga HJ; Revmatologisk avdeling, Haukeland Sykehus, Bergen.
BACKGROUND: The recognised clinical spectrum of disease associated with HIV infection is rapidly expanding and now includes a variety of rheumatological manifestations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this review of the literature of the last 15 years, we present the most common rheumatic manifestations described in associat


Role of the thymus in T lymphocyte reconstitution [comment]
Transplantation. 2000 Jun 15;69(11):2238-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324470
Imami N; Aspinall R; Gotch F; Department of Immunology, Imperial College School of Medicine,; Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Tuning to the right frequency: cytotoxic T lymphocytes and cytomegalovirus [comment]
Transplantation. 2000 Jun 15;69(11):2241-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324472
Emery VC; Royal Free and University College Medical School, Hampstead,; London, UK.
Characterization of CMVpp65-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes using MHC tetramers in kidney transplant patients and healthy participants.
Transplantation. 2000 Jun 15;69(11):2243-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324473
Engstrand M; Tournay C; Peyrat MA; Eriksson BM; Wadstrom J; Wirgart BZ; Romagne F; Bonneville M; Totterman TH; Korsgren O; Division of Clinical Immunology & Transfusion Medicine,; University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that infects 50-90% of individuals in different populations. After primary infection, the virus persists latently in myeloid cells under the control of specific T-cells. Reactivation of CMV infection


Direct visualization and quantitation of cytomegalovirus-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in liver transplant patients [see comments]
Transplantation. 2000 Jun 15;69(11):2251-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324474
Singhal S; Shaw JC; Ainsworth J; Hathaway M; Gillespie GM; Paris H; Ward K; Pillay D; Moss PA; Mutimer DJ; Liver Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital,; Birmingham, England. s.singhal@bham.ac.uk
BACKGROUND: CMV infection remains a significant clinical problem in the context of LT. Changes in the magnitude of the CMV-specific CTL response after LT have not previously been assessed but may be important in determining the outcome of CMV infection. METHOD:


Extension of transplantation free time by lamivudine in patients with hepatitis B-induced decompensated cirrhosis.
Transplantation. 2000 Jun 15;69(11):2382-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324496
Kitay-Cohen Y; Ben-Ari Z; Tur-Kaspa R; Fainguelernt H; Lishner M; Department of Medicine, Meir Hospital, Kfar-Saba, Israel.; yona@gold.net.il
BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced cirrhosis carries a high risk of graft reinfection and poor prognosis. Active viral replication is considered a contraindication for transplantation in most centers. Lamivudine , a n


Prospective study of human betaherpesviruses after renal transplantation: association of human herpesvirus 7 and cytomegalovirus co-infection with cytomegalovirus disease and increased rejection.
Transplantation. 2000 Jun 15;69(11):2400-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324500
Kidd IM; Clark DA; Sabin CA; Andrew D; Hassan-Walker AF; Sweny P; Griffiths PD; Emery VC; Department of Virology, Royal Free and University College Medical; School of University College London, United Kingdom.
BACKGROUND: Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and HHV-7 are two lymphotropic herpesviruses, which, like cytomegalovirus ( CMV ), have the potential to be pathogenic in immunocompromised individuals. We have conducted a prospective in


Alloantigen-driven T cell death mediated by Fas ligand and tumor necrosis factor-alpha is not essential for the induction of allograft acceptance.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324505 P
RANTES is produced by CD8+ T cells during acute rejection of skin grafts.
Transplant Proc. 2000 Jun;32(4):796-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20316283
Koga S; Kapoor A; Novick AC; Toma H; Fairchild RL; Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland,; Ohio, USA.
Antibody responses, cytokine levels and protection of mice immunised with HSV-2 antigens formulated into NISV or ISCOM delivery systems.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20182108
Mohamedi SA; Brewer JM; Alexander J; Heath AW; Jennings R; Sheffield Institute for Vaccine Studies, Division of Molecular; and Genetic Medicine, Floor 'F', University of Sheffield Medical; School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, UK.
The immunogenicity of a type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) antigen preparation following its formulation into immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) or non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NISV) was investigated in a murine model. The immune responses induced by each formulation were characterised by antigen specific total a


Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the immune responses induced by a multivalent minigene DNA vaccine.
Vaccine. 2000 Apr 14;18(20):2132-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20182114
An LL; Rodriguez F; Harkins S; Zhang J; Whitton JL; Department of Neuropharmacology, CVN-9, The Scripps Research; Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Vaccines containing minigenes - isolated antigenic epitopes encoded by short open reading frames - can, under certain circumstances, confer protective immunity upon the vaccinee. Here we evaluate the efficacy of the minigene vaccine approach using DNA immunization and find that, to be immunogenic, a minigene-encoded e


[Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in a patient with sclerosing cholangitis and AIDS]
Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam. 2000;30(1):47-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20313431
Velasquez JN; Carnevale; Bessaso H; Bramajo J; Kuo L; Fainboim H; Hospital Municipal de Infecciosas Dr. Francisco J. Muniz, Buenos; Aires, Argentina. jorsil@overnet.com.ar
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common microsporidian parasite found in patients with AIDS. We report the clinical features of a patient with chronic diarrhea, pancreatitis, and AIDS-related sclerosing cholangitis. Ultrasonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography disclosed intrahepatic and extrah


Cushing syndrome and adrenocortical carcinoma in a patient with CD4+ lymphocytopenia.
J Am Board Fam Pract. 2000 May-Jun;13(3):219-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20285149
Lewis SF; Vogelman BS; Graziano FM; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of; Medicine, Madison, USA.
[Renal colic and lithiasis in HIV(+)-patients treated with protease inhibitors]
Actas Urol Esp. 2000 Mar;24(3):212-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20328233
Gonzalez Enguita C; Jimenez Jimenez I; Perez Perez J; Montero Rubio R; Cancho Gil MJ; Vela Navarrete R; Catedra y Servicio de Urologia, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz,; Universidad Autonoma, Madrid.
INTRODUCTION: Protease inhibitors, mainly Indinavir , are widely used drugs for the treatment of patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and are related to renal colic and urinary obstruction. These conditions are the result of urin


Durable clinical response of refractory hepatocellular carcinoma to orally administered thalidomide.
Am J Clin Oncol. 2000 Jun;23(3):319-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20314045
Patt YZ; Hassan MM; Lozano RD; Ellis LM; Peterson JA; Waugh KA; Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Digestive; Diseases, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center,; Houston, USA.
Thalidomide, a sedative agent previously associated with severe fetal malformations, has anti-angiogenic activity. We describe the antitumor effects of thalidomide in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma that was refractory to systemic and intraarterial therapy.


Virus infection in patients with histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis in Taiwan. Detection of Epstein-Barr virus, type I human T-cell lymphotropic virus, and parvovirus B19 [see comments]
Am J Clin Pathol. 2000 Jun;113(6):774-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20333060
Chiu CF; Chow KC; Lin TY; Tsai MH; Shih CM; Chen LM; Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical College Hospital; Taichung, Taiwan.
The relationship of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), type I human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I), and parvovirus B19 to histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis was studied prospectively in 10 Taiwanese patients using materials obtained by fine-needle aspiration and lymph node biopsy. The presence of EBV was detected by in


Community respiratory viruses in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Am J Med. 1997 Mar 17;102(3A):19-24; discussion 25-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20326120
King JC Jr; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of; Medicine, Baltimore 21201, USA.
Respiratory viruses, particularly influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza viruses, and adenoviruses, are ubiquitous pathogens among humans, especially among young children. However, relatively little is known about the impact of these common infections on individuals with the human immunode


Prevention and treatment of influenza in immunocompromised patients.
Am J Med. 1997 Mar 17;102(3A):55-60; discussion 75-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20326126
Hayden FG; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia School of; Medicine, Charlottesville, USA.
Influenza A and B viruses cause serious, sometimes fatal, disease in immunocompromised patients, particularly bone marrow and solid organ transplant recipients. Protracted disease has also been recognized in certain oncology and HIV-infected patients. Currently available inactivated vaccines are variably immunogenic i


Adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients.
Am J Med. 1997 Mar 17;102(3A):71-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20326128
Carrigan DR; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,; USA.
Adenovirus infections have been reported in as many as one-fifth of bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and in a lesser, though still prominent, proportion of organ transplant recipients. The relative contributions of primary infections versus reactivati


Community respiratory viral infections in the immunocompromised host: past, present, and future directions.
Am J Med. 1997 Mar 17;102(3A):77-80; quiz 83-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20326129
Bodey GP; Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas M.D. Anderson; Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
Cost-effectiveness of screening for anal squamous intraepithelial lesions and anal cancer in human immunodeficiency virus-negative homosexual and bisexual men [see comments]
Am J Med. 2000 Jun 1;108(8):634-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315679
Goldie SJ; Kuntz KM; Weinstein MC; Freedberg KA; Palefsky JM; Department of Health Policy and Management, Center for Risk; Analysis, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts,; USA.
PURPOSE: Homosexual and bisexual men are at an increased risk for human papillomavirus-induced squamous intraepithelial lesions and cancer of the anus. Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening for anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in these high-risk patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A Markov


Human herpesvirus-8-associated disseminated angiosarcoma in an HIV-seronegative woman: report of a case and limited case-control virologic study in vascular tumors.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315683
Remick SC; Patnaik M; Ziran NM; Liegmann KR; Dong J; Dowlati A; Yao Y; Abdul-Karim FW; Giam CZ; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, School; of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Medication bezoar and esophagitis in a patient with HIV infection receiving combination antiretroviral therapy [letter]
Am J Med. 2000 Jun 1;108(8):684-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20350528
Hutter D; Akgun S; Ramamoorthy R; Dever LL
Acute renal failure in HIV-infected patients: a brief review of common causes.
Am J Med Sci. 2000 Jun;319(6):385-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20331550
Perazella MA; Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. mark.perazella@yale.edu
Acute renal failure is a well-described renal syndrome observed in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Underlying glomerular disease and disturbances in renal tubular function predispose these patients to a number of hemodynamic and nephrotoxic insults. Prerenal azotemia from both true and


A review of Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with immunodeficiency disorders.
Am J Med Sci. 2000 Jun;319(6):392-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20331551
Okano M; Gross TG; Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University School of Medicine,; Sapporo, Japan.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), one of 8 known human herpesviruses, infects the vast majority of mankind and infections are generally subclinical. However, EBV infection has been associated with a spectrum of diseases, lymphoproliferative diseases (EBV-LPD) in particular, including malignant lymphoma. EBV-LPD are frequently


Cytomegalovirus gene regulation by reactive oxygen species. Agents in atherosclerosis.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20321892
Speir E; Cardiology Branch National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1650,; USA. speire@nih.gov
Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and of viral infections caused by sendai virus, influenza and HIV. Vascular oxidative stress is due to inflammatory and immune responses of vascular cells, and to reperfusion after recanalization of blocked arteries. Because human


Body composition studies in HIV-infected individuals.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000 May;904:546-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324124
Kotler DP; Department of Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center,; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New; York, New York 10025, USA. dpkotler@aol.com
Malnutrition is common in HIV infection. Early studies demonstrated a disproportionate depletion of body cell mass compared to body weight, plus relative expansion of extracellular water volume. Neutron activation studies showed that both potassium and nitrogen were depleted in the HIV+ subjects, whereas cross-section


Positive impact of protease inhibitors on body composition and energy expenditure in HIV-infected and AIDS patients.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000 May;904:603-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324132
Schindler K; Pernerstorfer-Schoen H; Schneider B; Rieger A; Elmadfa I; Insitute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria.; karin.schindler@akh-wien.ac.at
Effects of whey protein and resistance exercise on body composition and muscle strength in women with HIV infection.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000 May;904:607-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20324133
Agin D; Kotler DP; Papandreou D; Liss M; Wang J; Thornton J; Gallagher D; Pierson RN Jr; Gastrointestinal Division, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center,; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York,; New York 10025, USA. deniseagin@aol.com
Transcription elongation and human disease.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20331256
Conaway JW; Conaway RC
Eukaryotic mRNA synthesis is catalyzed by multisubunit RNA polymerase II and proceeds through multiple stages referred to as preinitiation, initiation, elongation, and termination. Over the past 20 years, biochemical studies of eukaryotic mRNA synthesis have largely focused on the preinitiation and initiation stages o


Membrane fusion and exocytosis.
Annu Rev Biochem. 1999;68:863-911. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20331272
Jahn R; Sudhof TC; Department of Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical; Chemistry, Gottingen, Germany. rjahn@gwdg.de
Membrane fusion involves the merger of two phospholipid bilayers in an aqueous environment. In artificial lipid bilayers, fusion proceeds by means of defined transition states, including hourglass-shaped intermediates in which the proximal leaflets of the fusing membranes are merged whereas the distal leaflets are sep


In vitro assessment of antifungal therapeutic potential of salivary histatin-5, two variants of histatin-5, and salivary mucin (MUC7) domain 1.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1485-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277869
Situ H; Bobek LA; Department of Oral Biology, State University of New York at; Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214, USA.
Human salivary histatin-5 (Hsn-5) is a 24-residue peptide that possesses potent antifungal activity in vitro. The MUC7 gene encodes human salivary low-molecular-weight mucin (MG2). The candidacidal activity of MUC7 domain 1 (MUC7 D1, the N-terminal 51 amino acid residues of MUC7) in vitro has also been demonstrated. I


Correlation of fluconazole MICs with clinical outcome in cryptococcal infection.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1544-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277878
Aller AI; Martin-Mazuelos E; Lozano F; Gomez-Mateos J; Steele-Moore L; Holloway WJ; Gutierrez MJ; Recio FJ; Espinel-Ingroff A; Service of Microbiology and Unit of Infectious Diseases, Valme; University Hospital, Seville, Spain.
We have correlated the in vitro results of testing the susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans to fluconazole with the clinical outcome after fluconazole maintenance therapy in patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal disease. A total of 28 isolates of C. neoformans from 25 patients (24 AIDS patients) were tested.


Does long-term itraconazole prophylaxis result in in vitro azole resistance in mucosal Candida albicans isolates from persons with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection? The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses study group.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1585-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277885
Goldman M; Cloud GA; Smedema M; LeMonte A; Connolly P; McKinsey DS; Kauffman CA; Moskovitz B; Wheat LJ; School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; 46202, USA.
The effects of prolonged itraconazole exposure on the susceptibility of Candida albicans isolates to itraconazole and fluconazole have not been well characterized. A recent placebo-controlled study of long-term itraconazole antifungal prophylaxis in persons with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection afforded


Absolute bioavailability and disposition of (-) and (+) 2'-deoxy- 3'-oxa-4'-thiocytidine (dOTC) following single intravenous and oral doses of racemic dOTC in humans.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1609-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277889
Smith PF; Forrest A; Ballow CH; Martin DE; Proulx L; The State University of New York at Buffalo School of Pharmacy,; Millard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, New York, USA.; Pfsmith@acsu.buffalo.edu
The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics and determine the absolute bioavailability of 2 -deoxy-3 -oxa-4 -thiocytidine (dOTC) (BCH-10652), a novel nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in humans. dOTC belongs to the 4 -thio heterosubstituted class of compounds and is a 1:1 mixt


Use of drug effect interaction modeling with Monte Carlo simulation to examine the impact of dosing interval on the projected antiviral activity of the combination of abacavir and amprenavir.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1655-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277896
Drusano GL; D'Argenio DZ; Preston SL; Barone C; Symonds W; LaFon S; Rogers M; Prince W; Bye A; Bilello JA; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Albany; Medical College, Albany, New York 12208, USA. GLDRUSANO@AOL.COM
The delineation of optimal regimens for combinations of agents is a difficult problem, in part because, to address it, one needs to (i) have effect relationships between the pathogen in question and the drugs in the combination, (ii) have knowledge of how the drugs interact (synergy, antagonism, and additivity), and (


Pharmacokinetics and safety of AMD-3100, a novel antagonist of the CXCR-4 chemokine receptor, in human volunteers.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1667-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277898
Hendrix CW; Flexner C; MacFarland RT; Giandomenico C; Fuchs EJ; Redpath E; Bridger G; Henson GW; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University; School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.; chendrix@jhmi.com
AMD-3100, a bicyclam, is a novel agent that uniquely inhibits the entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into CD4(+) T cells via selective blockade of the chemokine CXCR-4 receptor. Twelve healthy volunteers were given AMD-3100 as a single 15-min intravenous infusion at 10, 20, 40, or 80 microg/kg. Five


Pharmacokinetic interaction of abacavir (1592U89) and ethanol in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1686-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277901
McDowell JA; Chittick GE; Stevens CP; Edwards KD; Stein DS; Glaxo Wellcome, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 27709, USA. JAM36914@glaxowellcome.com
While in vitro results at clinically relevant concentrations do not predict abacavir (1592U89) interactions with drugs highly metabolized by cytochrome P450, the potential does exist for a pharmacokinetic interaction between abacavir and ethanol, as b


Disposition of intravenous pyrimethamine in healthy volunteers.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1691-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277902
Almond DS; Szwandt IS; Edwards G; Lee MG; Winstanley PA; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of; Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom.
A proportion of patients with AIDS and toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) sustain low plasma pyrimethamine concentrations during oral treatment, possibly because of incomplete and variable bioavailability. We wanted to develop a safe, practicable intravenous (i.v.) formulation of pyrimethamine and characterize its disposit


Changes in the antigenicity of a hepatitis B virus mutant stemming from lamivudine therapy [letter]
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1765. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20348627
Chen WN; Oon CJ
Response to antiretroviral therapy in a patient with an uncommon codon 69 insertion in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase [letter]
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1767. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20348629
Bonfanti P; Faggion I; La Seta Catamancio S; Violin M; Balotta C; Rusconi S
CQI in anemia management: using the fishbone approach to improve outcomes. Case study of the anemic patient.
ANNA J. 1999 Apr;26(2):254-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99346910
Breiterman-White R; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA.
Anemia management outcomes can be improved through a concentrated effort by nephrology nurses and other members of the nephrology team. This article focuses on the use of a Fishbone CQI diagram that can help clinicians identify and manage specific etiologies that effect erythropoiesis.


Pulmonary cryptococcosis and Capillaria aerophila infection in an FIV-positive cat.
Aust Vet J. 2000 Mar;78(3):154-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20317731
Barrs VR; Martin P; Nicoll RG; Beatty JA; Malik R; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary; Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
A 12-year-old, FIV-positive, domestic longhair cat was presented with a history of sneezing and coughing during the previous seven months. On thoracic radiographs, a prominent bronchial pattern and three focal, opacified nodules were seen. Cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid demonstrated spherical, capsulate, nar


Cyclic zinc-dithiocarbamate-S,S'-dioxide blocks CXCR4-mediated HIV-1 infection.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jun 7;272(2):351-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20294845
Takamune N; Misumi S; Shoji S; Department of Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto,; 862-0973, Japan.
To test the anti-human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) activity of 3,6,9,12-tetraazatetradecane-1,14-diylbis(zinc dithiocarbamate)-S,S -dioxide (cyclic zinc-dithiocarbamate-S, S -dioxide), MAGI and MAGIC-5 cells were used; the former express CXCR4 and the latter express both CXCR4 and CCR5, which are HIV-1 corec


Differential inhibition of the human cell DNA replication complex-associated DNA polymerases by the antimetabolite 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine triphosphate (ara-CTP).
Biochem Pharmacol. 2000 Aug 1;60(3):403-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315727
Han S; Hickey RJ; Tom TD; Wills PW; Syvaoja JE; Malkas LH; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School; of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
The antimetabolite 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) has been used as a highly effective agent for the treatment of leukemia. The active metabolite 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine triphosphate (ara-CTP) is a potent inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon, and is responsible for inhibiting inta


[Solid-phase synthesis of peptides containing arginine with an unprotected guanidine group]
Bioorg Khim. 2000 Apr;26(4):263-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315007
Rubina AIu; Bespalova ZhD; Bushuev VN; Russian Cardiological Research and Production Association,; Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow,; Russia. peptide@cardio.ru
A new variant of the solid phase synthesis of arginine-containing peptides was proposed. The conditions for the attachment to the Wang polymer of N alpha-Fmoc-arginine containing a protonated guanidine group were found. We demonstrated that this attachment is accompanied by neither racemization nor the attachment of t


Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma with lymphopenia in a Korean.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260849 P
Jeon HJ; Lee MJ; Jeong YK; Lee DM
AIDS 1999. Virology: overview.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340283
Folks T; Harada S; CDC, Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Atlanta, GA 30733, USA.
AIDS 1999. Vaccines and immunology: overview.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S103-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340294
Stott J; Hahn BH; Division of Retrovirology, National Institute for Biological; Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Herts., UK.
Human trials of HIV-1 vaccines.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S105-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340295
Mulligan MJ; Weber J; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham,; 35294-2170, USA. mulligan@uab.edu
The role of nonhuman primates in the development of an AIDS vaccine.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S113-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340296
Nathanson N; Hirsch VM; Mathieson BJ; Office of AIDS Research and the National Institutes of Allergy; and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, US; Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-2340,; USA. nathansn@od.nih.gov
Over the past decade, a substantial research investment has generated a vast body of knowledge relevant to the development of an effective AIDS vaccine. Furthermore, studies in nonhuman primates have demonstrated that a number of candidate immunogens can confer a significant degree of protection against a potentially


Anti-HIV cellular immunity: recent advances towards vaccine design.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S121-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340297
Goulder PJ; Rowland-Jones SL; McMichael AJ; Walker BD; AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,; USA.
Molecular interactions of HIV with host factors.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S13-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340285
Strebel K; Bour S; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0460, USA. ks10z@nih.gov
The neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1: viral evasion and escape from humoral immunity.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S137-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340298
Parren PW; Moore JP; Burton DR; Sattentau QJ; Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, CA 92037, USA. parren@scripps.edu
New insights and approaches regarding B- and T-cell epitopes in HIV vaccine design.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S163-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340299
Oscherwitz J; Gotch FM; Cease KB; Berzofsky JA; University of Michigan Medical School and Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, Ann Arbor, USA.
AIDS 1999. Clinical treatment: overview.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S175-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340300
Yarchoan R; Vella S; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
The year in review: antiretroviral treatment.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S177-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340301
Hirschel B; Opravil M; Division des Maladies Infectieuses, Hopital Cantonal; Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland. hirschel@dminov1.hcuge.ch
Protease inhibitors: resistance, cross-resistance, fitness and the choice of initial and salvage therapies.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S189-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340302
Erickson JW; Gulnik SV; Markowitz M; Structural Biochemistry Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer; Institute-FCRDC, MD 21702, USA. erickson@ncifcrf.gov
Interruption of materno-fetal transmission.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S205-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340303
Mofenson LM; Fowler MG; Center for Research for Mothers and Children, National Institute; of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of; Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. LM65D@nih.gov
Treatment update for AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S215-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340304
Mihalcea AM; Smith DL; Monini P; Sgadari C; Ensoli B; Gill PS; Westfalian Technical University, School of Medicine, Aachen,; Germany.
New approaches to managing opportunistic infections.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S227-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340305
Lundgren J; Masur H; Department of Infectious Diseases, EUROSIDA, Hvidovre Hospital,; University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
AIDS 1999. Behavioral and social science: overview.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S235-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340306
Des Jarlais D; Carael M; Beth Israel Medical Center (NDRI), New York, NY 10013, USA.
HIV prevention among vulnerable populations: outreach in the developing world.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S239-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340307
Tawil O; O'Reilly K; Coulibaly IM; Tiemele A; Himmich H; Boushaba A; Pradeep K; Carael M; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland.
Low fertility in women with HIV and the impact of the epidemic on orphanhood and early childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S249-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340308
Gregson S; Zaba B; Garnett GP; Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease,; Zoology Department, Oxford University, UK.
Immune reconstitution in HIV infection.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S25-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340286
Gea-Banacloche JC; Clifford Lane H; Clinical and Molecular Retrovirology Section, Laboratory of; Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
The weight of the published evidence suggest that there is clinically significant immune recovery in a sizable fraction of HIV-infected patients who achieve suppression of viral replication. At the same time, it is clear that very few patients regain normal (i.e. equivalent to pre-infection) immune function, at least


Drug injecting, rapid HIV spread, and the 'risk environment': implications for assessment and response.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S259-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340309
Rhodes T; Stimson GV; Crofts N; Ball A; Dehne K; Khodakevich L; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Department of; Social Science and Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine,; University of London, UK. t.rhodes@ic.ac.uk
Adherence: a necessity for successful HIV combination therapy.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S271-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340310
Chesney MA; Ickovics J; Hecht FM; Sikipa G; Rabkin J; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, AIDS Research Institute,; School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; 94105, USA.
Patient adherence to combination therapy is a critical component of successful treatment outcomes. While combination therapy is known to be effective in slowing disease progression, the long-term benefit of these therapies can only be sustained if resistant strains of


Advances in understanding the evolution of HIV.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S39-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340287
Crandall KA; Vasco DA; Posada D; Imamichi H; Department of Zoology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; 84602-5255, USA. kac@email.byu.edu
Latency and reservoirs for HIV-1.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S49-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340288
Siliciano RF; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Murine models for HIV disease.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S5-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340284
Jamieson BD; Zack JA; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, and UCLA AIDS; Institute, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. bjamieso@ucla.edu
AIDS 1999. Epidemiology: overview.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S59-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340289
Padian N; Buve A; Obstetrics/Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, San Francisco, CA; 94110, USA.
Changes in HIV and AIDS epidemiology from new generation antiretroviral therapy.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S61-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340290
Weidle PJ; Holmberg SD; DeCock KM; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology,; National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for; Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.; pew6@cdc.gov
Towards a better understanding of the epidemiology of HIV-2.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S69-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340291
Schim van der Loeff MF; Aaby P; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Banjul, The Gambia.
Microbicides and barrier methods in HIV prevention.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S85-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340292
Van Damme L; Rosenberg ZF; STD/HIV Research and Intervention Unit, Institute of Tropical; Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Interventions to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection: new developments and current controversies.
AIDS. 1999;13 Suppl A:S93-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20340293
Gibb DM; Tess BH; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London Mortimer; Market Centre, UCLMS, UK. d.gibb@ctu.mrc.ac.uk
Aortic ring abscess.
Rev Port Cardiol. 2000 Apr;19(4):495-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20333021
Almeida PB; Moura L; Pardal N; Macedo F; Servico de Cardiologia do Hospital de S. Joao, Porto, Portugal.
Novel anti-inflammatory compounds from Myrsine seguinii, terpeno-benzoic acids, are inhibitors of mammalian DNA polymerases.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Jun 1;1475(1):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20267566
Mizushina Y; Miyazaki S; Ohta K; Hirota M; Sakaguchi K; Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and; Technology, Science University of Tokyo, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda,; Chiba, Japan.
Novel anti-inflammatory compounds, terpeno-benzoic acids, were found from the plant, Myrsine seguinii. The strongest of these anti-inflammatory agents, 3-geranyl-4-hydroxy-5-(3 -methyl-2 -butenyl) benzoic acid (compound 1), showed an inhibitory effect against enzymes involved in replication, such as calf DNA polymeras


[Acute brucellosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Current status (letter)]
An Med Interna. 2000 May;17(5):275. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20317413
Fernandez Reyes JL; Rosa Jimenez F; Banez Sanchez F; Gutierrez Moreno JM
[Transient cerebral ischemia and cerebral infarction in an HIV-positive patient with protein S deficiency (letter)]
An Med Interna. 2000 May;17(5):279-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20317418
Morla J; Seijo M; Gonzalez A; Vazquez-Rey JL
Testing for differences in survival with delayed ascertainment.
Biometrics. 2000 Mar;56(1):145-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246219
Fine JP; Tsiatis AA; Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706,; USA. fine@biostat.wisc.edu
During the interim stages of most large-scale clinical trials, knowledge that a patient is alive or dead is usually not up-to-date. This is due to the pattern of patient visits to hospitals as well as the administrative set-up used by the study to obtain information on vital status. On a two-armed study, if the proces


Use of binomial group testing in tests of hypotheses for classification or quantitative covariables.
Biometrics. 2000 Mar;56(1):204-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246227
Hung MC; Swallow WH; Department of Business Mathematics, Soochow University, Taipei,; Taiwan, R.O.C. nhungg@mbc1.scu.edu.tw
In group testing, the test unit consists of a group of individuals. If the group test is positive, then one or more individuals in the group are assumed to be positive. A group observation in binomial group testing can be, say, the test result (positive or negative) for a pool of blood samples that come from several d


A comparison study of models and fitting procedures for biphasic viral dynamics in HIV-1 infected patients treated with antiviral therapies.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246239
Ding AA; Wu H
The study of HIV dynamics is one of the most important


HIV-I gpI20 neurotoxicity in brain cultures is prevented by moderate ethanol pretreatment.
Neuroreport. 2000 Apr 27;11(6):1219-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275296
Collins MA; Neafsey EJ; Zou JY; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Stritch School; of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
The HIV-1 coat protein gp 20, a potent neurotoxin that may underlie AIDS dementia , activates glia to cause neurotoxicity via the NMDA receptor and perhaps other routes. We find that pretreating cultures of rat organotypic cortical/hippocampal slices or cerebellar granule cells subc


HIV-derived protein gp120 suppresses P3 potential in rats: potential implications in HIV-associated dementia.
Neuroreport. 2000 Apr 27;11(6):1351-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20275321
Galicia O; Sanchez-Alavez M; Diaz-Ruiz O; Sanchez Narvaez F; Elder JH; Navarro L; Prospero-Garcia O; Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Facultad de; Psicologia UNAM, Mexico DF.
Between 20 and 30% of AIDS patients have neurological symptoms characterized by motor impairment, memory loss and progressive dementia . Previous studies have implicated the HIV derived gp120, which produces behavioral deficits and electrophysiological alterations in rats. The goal


Fissurectomy with posterior midline sphincterotomy and anoplasty (FPSA) in the management of chronic anal fissures.
Surg Today. 1997;27(10):975-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20328676
Di Castro A; Biancari F; D'Andrea V; Caviglia A; Department of General Surgery, S. Camillo Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Although lateral internal sphincterotomy is widely accepted as the treatment of choice for anal fissures, we report our experience of successfully treating 195 consecutive patients with posterior chronic anal fissures by performing fissurectomy with midline sphincterotomy and anoplasty (FPSA). The surgical technique i


Appropriate feeding methods for infants of HIV infected mothers in sub-Saharan Africa.
BMJ. 2000 Jun 17;320(7250):1656-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20314309
Latham MC; Preble EA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; 14853, USA. MCL6@cornell.edu
AIDS and HIV infection in the United Kingdom: monthly report.
Commun Dis Rep CDR Wkly. 2000 May 26;10(21):193-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20328293
[Bilateral tuberculous pleural effusion and HIV infection (letter)]
Arch Bronconeumol. 2000 Apr;36(4):229-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20305965
Perez Caballero G; Jara Chinarro B; de Miguel Diez J
[Nutrition problems experienced by adults infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in Abidjan (Ivory Coast)]
Sante. 2000 Jan-Feb;10(1):11-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20287755
Castetbon K; Attia A; Anglaret X; N'Dri-Yoman T; Sylla-Koko F; Malvy D; Cotrimo-Ci FD; Inserm U. 330, Universite Victor-Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146, rue; Leon-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
Denutrition is frequent among HIV-infected (HIV+) adults in sub-Saharan Africa. One of the risk factors for denutrition is a reduction in dietary intake. Eating disorders may be partly responsible for such decreases in food intake. We prospectively analyzed the frequency, associated factors and progression of anorexia


The natural history of hepatitis C viral infection.
Semin Gastrointest Dis. 2000 Apr;11(2):54-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260775
Muir AJ; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710, USA.
Although early data suggested that chronic hepatitis C virus infection carried little risk, studies with longer duration of infection have reported concerning results. Of patients with acute infection, approximately 80% will develop chronic infection. The greatest risk of morbidity comes with cirrhosis and the resulti


Which patients with hepatitis C virus should be treated?
Semin Gastrointest Dis. 2000 Apr;11(2):84-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260778
Shamoun DK; Anania FA; Department of Medicine, The University of Maryland at Baltimore; School of Medicine, USA.
Since the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Conference in 1997, our understanding of the natural history of hepatitis C (HCV) infection and our ability to treat patients has improved. Thus, a large number of clinical studies, confounding terminology, and a growing dilemma in targeting particular population


Neonatal herpes simplex virus type 1 brain infection affects the development of sensorimotor gating in rats.
Brain Res. 2000 Apr 28;863(1-2):233-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20237299
Engel JA; Zhang J; Bergstrom T; Conradi N; Forkstam C; Liljeroth A; Svensson L; Department of Pharmacology, Goteborg University, Box 431, SE 405; 30, Goteborg, Sweden.
The effect of neonatal brain infection of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) on the development of sensorimotor function in the rat was investigated using an acoustic startle paradigm. Intracerebral inoculation of HSV-1 at day 2 after birth, but not at day 4, caused a significant delay in the development of prepulse


Nitric oxide: an inhibitor of NF-kappaB/Rel system in glial cells.
Brain Res Bull. 2000 Jun;52(3):155-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20283394
Colasanti M; Persichini T; Department of Biology, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.; colasant@uniroma3.it
Nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to regulate NF-kappaB, one of the best-characterized transcription factors playing important roles in many cellular responses to a large variety of stimuli. NO has been suggested to induce or inhibit the activation of NF-kappaB, its effect depending, among others, on the cell type c


Dermatological conditions and HIV disease.
J Wound Care. 1999 Apr;8(4):181-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99384544
Whelan J; Department of Post Registration Nursing, University of; Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
[Role of ribavirin in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B]
Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2000 Apr;23(4):165-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322195
Galban Garcia E; Vega Sanchez H; Gra Oramas B; Rodriguez Perez A; Doval Hernandez MA; Haedo Castro D; Rolo F; Lorenzo Morejon I; Ramos Sanchez V; Instituto de Gastroenterologia de Cuba, La Habana, Cuba.
AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 1,200 mg/day of ribavirin for 6 months in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An open study was carried out with 25 patients with chronic hepatitis B who had previously received placebo (first phase) as part of a randomized, double blind study and wh


[Collective effort of homosexual men in their fight against AIDS [editorial]
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2000 Jan-Feb;74(1):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20291856
Rodes Monegal A
[High-risk sex behavior and HIV prevalence among gay and bisexual men in the community of Madrid]
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2000 Jan-Feb;74(1):25-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20291859
Canellas S; Perez de la Paz J; Noguer I; Villaamil F; Garcia Berrocal ML; de la Fuente L; Belza MJ; Castilla J; Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Instituto de Salud Carlos III,; Madrid. scanellas@isciii.es
BACKGROUND: To analyze high-risk sexual behavior as regards HIV, the use of preventive measures and the patient-reported prevalence of HIV infections among males belonging to one of the leading homosexual associations in the Region of Madrid. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted in 1997-1998 by way of mailed anony


Pharmacologic modulation of neutrophil functions.
Clin Dermatol. 2000 May-Jun;18(3):369-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20315838
Miyachi Y; Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of; Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
The schedule of attitudes toward hastened death: Measuring desire for death in terminally ill cancer patients.
Cancer. 2000 Jun 15;88(12):2868-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20329873
Rosenfeld B; Breitbart W; Galietta M; Kaim M; Funesti-Esch J; Pessin H; Nelson CJ; Brescia R; Department of Psychology, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY; 11201, USA.
BACKGROUND: The authors examined the reliability and validity of the Schedule of Attitudes toward Hastened Death (SAHD), a self-report measure of desire for death previously validated in a population of individuals with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), among terminally ill patients with cancer. METHODS:


Differences in dendritic cells stimulated in vivo by tumors engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or Flt3-ligand.
Cancer Res. 2000 Jun 15;60(12):3239-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322686
Mach N; Gillessen S; Wilson SB; Sheehan C; Mihm M; Dranoff G; Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Both granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and flt3-ligand (FL) induce the development of dendritic cells (DCs). To compare the functional properties of DCs stimulated by these cytokines in vivo, we used retroviral-mediated gene transfer to generate murine tumor cells secreting high levels of each


Genetically modified dendritic cells prime autoreactive T cells through a pathway independent of CD40L and interleukin 12: implications for cancer vaccines.
Cancer Res. 2000 Jun 15;60(12):3247-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20322687
Wan Y; Bramson J; Pilon A; Zhu Q; Gauldie J; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Center for Gene; Therapeutics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Genetic immunization through ex vivo transduction of dendritic cells has been suggested as an effective approach to enhance antitumor immunity by activating both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Immunizing mice with dendritic cells transduced with an adenovirus expressing the human melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (DCAdhgp100)


Localisation of HHV-8 in AIDS related lymphadenopathy.
Mol Pathol. 2000 Feb;53(1):43-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20343335
O'Leary JJ; Kennedy M; Luttich K; Uhlmann V; Silva I; Russell J; Sheils O; Ring M; Sweeney M; Kenny C; Bermingham N; Martin C; O'Donovan M; Howells D; Picton S; Lucas SB; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women's Hospital, Dublin,; Ireland. joleary@gw.coombe.ie
BACKGROUND: Many lymph node abnormalities have been described in AIDS. These include opportunistic infections that sometimes result in spindle cell pseudotumours, Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), malignant lymphoma (Hodgkin s and non-Hodgkin s), and florid reactive hyperplasia. Among these, reactive hyperplasia is the most comm


Cellular localisation of HHV-8 in Castleman's disease: is there a link with lymph node vascularity?
Mol Pathol. 2000 Apr;53(2):69-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20348381
O'Leary J; Kennedy M; Howells D; Silva I; Uhlmann V; Luttich K; Biddolph S; Lucas S; Russell J; Bermingham N; O'Donovan M; Ring M; Kenny C; Sweeney M; Sheils O; Martin C; Picton S; Gatter K; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women's Hospital, Dublin,; Ireland. joleary@gw.coombe.ie
AIMS: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been identified in multicentric Castleman s disease and in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathies. However, the presence of the virus does not necessarily indicate an aetiological role in these conditions. This study investigates the cell types infected by HHV-8 in Castleman s disea


Intracellular cytokine profile of T cells from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2000 Jun;49(3):165-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20338605
Zhang XL; Komada Y; Chipeta J; Li QS; Inaba H; Azuma E; Yamamoto H; Sakurai M; Department of Pediatrics, Mie University School of Medicine,; Japan.
PURPOSE: During an ongoing immune response, cytokines produced by T helper types 1 (Th1) and 2 (Th2) together with T cytotoxic types 1 (Tc1) and 2 (Tc2) are critical to the effectiveness of that response. Dysregulated expansion of one or the other subset may contribute to the impaired function of the T-cell-mediated i


Differentiation of rat thymic myoid progenitor cell line established by coculture with human T-lymphotropic virus type-I producing human T cells.
Cell Tissue Res. 2000 Apr;300(1):119-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE