2000

HIV/AIDS: impact on healing.: Ostomy Wound Manage. 2000 Mar;46(3):30-40, 42, 44 passim; quiz 48-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20249393; Burns J; Pieper B; Detriot Medical Center, Infections Diseases Clinic, MI 48201,; USA.; Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) are leading chronic illnesses in many major cities worldwide. Frequently, people with HIV infection require surgery or develop chronic wounds. This paper summarizes the impact of HIV infection on body organs and systems and the effect of a
The prime-boost strategy: exciting prospects for improved vaccination.: Immunol Today. 2000 Apr;21(4):163-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206409; Ramshaw IA; Ramsay AJ; Division of Immunology and Cell Biology, John Curtin School of; Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT; 2601, Australia.
Induction of specific immune tolerance with hybrid antibodies.: Immunol Today. 2000 Apr;21(4):172-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206410; Staerz UD; Lee DS; Qi Y; Dept of Immunology, National Jewish Medical and Research Center,; 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA. staerzu@njc.org
Localization of Th-cell subsets in inflammation: differential thresholds for extravasation of Th1 and Th2 cells.: Immunol Today. 2000 Apr;21(4):183-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206412; D'Ambrosio D; Iellem A; Colantonio L; Clissi B; Pardi R; Sinigaglia F; Roche Milano Ricerche, Milan, Italy. daniele.dambrosio@roche.com
Cytokine profile data [letter]: Immunol Today. 2000 Apr;21(4):199-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206417; Cohen S
A variant of myelokathexis with hypogammaglobulinemia: lymphocytes as well as neutrophils may reverse in response to infections.: Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2000 Mar;17(2):171-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20198835; Arai J; Wakiguchi H; Hisakawa H; Kubota H; Kurashige T; Department of Pediatrics, Kochi Medical School, Japan.; A 7-year-old boy with prolonged and marked leukopenia diagnosed at 6 months of age is described. The polymorphonuclear cells presented no hypersegmented nuclei or concentrated nuclear chromatin, although vacuolated myeloid cells appeared in bone marrow smears. Neutrophils reversed in response to administration of G-CS
Septic arthritis in hemophilia with central venous catheter: a case report.: Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2000 Mar;17(2):187-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20198838; Li CH; Ou Y; Lee AC; So KT; Department of Paediatrics, Tuen Mun Hospital, New Territories,; Hong Kong, China.; A case is reported of septic arthritis in a child with human immunodeficiency virus-negative hemophilia A associated with a Staphylococcus aureus catheter-associated septicemia. The infection occurred in relation to the use of a totally implantable central venous catheter. The organism was eventually eradicated with a
The influence of highly active antiretroviral therapy on AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.: Br J Dermatol. 1999 May;140(5):875-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99282216; Dupin N; Rubin De Cervens V; Gorin I; Calvez V; Pessis E; Grandadam M; Rabian C; Viard JP; Huraux JM; Escande JP; Service de Dermato-Venereologie, Hopital Tarnier-Cochin,; Paris, France; Laboratoire de Virologie, Groupe Hospitalier; Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France. nicolas@icr.ac.uk; To assess the clinical and biological benefit of highly active antiretroviral therapy on AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), 13 patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (five pulmonary KS and eight cutaneous KS) were prospectively followed for a mean duration of 12 months. Six patients were treated with speci
Latex allergy in atopic children.: Br J Dermatol. 1999 May;140(5):919-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99282224; Holme SA; Lever RS; University Department of Dermatology, Western Infirmary,; Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NB, U.K.; The incidence of positive circulating specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to latex and evidence of clinical latex sensitivity appears to be increasing since its first description in 1979. Although heightened medical awareness may be a factor, exposure to latex products, particularly rubber gloves, has increased
HIV-associated pityriasis rubra pilaris responsive to triple antiretroviral therapy.: Br J Dermatol. 1999 May;140(5):931-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99282227; Gonzalez-Lopez A; Velasco E; Pozo T; Del Villar A; Departments of Dermatology, Rio Hortega University Hospital,; Valladolid, Spain.; HIV-associated pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) or PRP type VI designates a new distinctive entity reported in HIV patients. It is characterized by cutaneous lesions of PRP and variable association with lesions of acne conglobata, hidradenitis suppurativa and lichen spinulosus. We report a patient with HIV-associated PR
Nevirapine-induced overlap stevens-johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis [letter]: Br J Dermatol. 1999 May;140(5):980-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99282248; Wetterwald E; Le Cleach L; Michel C; David F; Revuz J
Factors affecting the adherence of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells in human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Br J Dermatol. 1999 Nov;141(5):852-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20050249; Tsang CS; Samaranayake LP; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, The Prince Philip; Dental Hospital, Hong Kong.; Adherence to host surfaces is an essential prerequisite for colonization and infection. We compared the adherence of 15 oral isolates of Candida albicans harvested from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals and 12 isolates from HIV-free individuals to buccal epithelial cells (BECs) from HIV-free indi
Lack of evidence of human herpesvirus 8 DNA sequences in HIV-negative patients with systemic plasmacytosis [letter]: Br J Dermatol. 1999 Nov;141(5):942-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20050277; Okada H; Kano R; Watanabe S
Selective induction of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity following A6H co-stimulation in primary human CD4(+) T cells.: Int Immunol. 2000 Mar;12(3):253-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20166977; Labuda T; Sundstedt A; Dohlsten M; BMC Immunobiology, Department of Tumor Immunology, University of; Lund, Solvegatan 21, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.; We have recently described the novel A6H antigen expressed on human peripheral blood T cells and on renal cell carcinoma cells. Cross-linking of the A6H antigen results in co-stimulation of human CD4(+) T cells, characterized by induction of the transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1), proliferation and promin
Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing CpG motif induces an anti-polysaccharide type 1-like immune response after immunization of mice with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20166981; von Hunolstein C; Teloni R
Mapping the B cell superantigen binding site for HIV-1 gp120 on a V(H)3 Ig.: Int Immunol. 2000 Mar;12(3):305-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20166982; Neshat MN; Goodglick L; Lim K; Braun J; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and The; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California-Los; Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1732, USA.; The emerging class of B cell superantigens includes HIV-1 gp120, which binds to many members of the V(H)3 Ig gene family. The present study addresses the structural features of V(H)3 antibodies conferring gp120 binding activity using a panel of recombinant full-length and Fab Ig proteins. Binding activity was fully co
Functional heterogeneity among bone marrow-derived dendritic cells conditioned by T(h)1- and T(h)2-biasing cytokines for the generation of allogeneic cytotoxic T lymphocytes.: Int Immunol. 2000 Mar;12(3):335-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20166985; Sato M; Iwakabe K; Ohta A; Sekimoto M; Nakui M; Koda T; Kimura S; Nishimura T; Section of Genetic Engineering, Research Center for Genetic; Engineering and Cell Transplantation, Tokai University School of; Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan.; Three distinct bone marrow (BM)-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) were expanded from BALB/c BM cells by culture with (i) granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus IL-3, (ii) GM-CSF, IL-3 plus T(h)1-biasing cytokines (IL-12 and IFN-gamma) or (iii) GM-CSF, IL-3 plus T(h)2-biasing cytokines (IL-4). All
A novel peptide antagonist of CXCR4 derived from the N-terminus of viral chemokine vMIP-II.: Biochemistry. 2000 Apr 4;39(13):3782-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20202065; Zhou N; Luo Z; Luo J; Hall JW; Huang Z; Kimmel Cancer Institute, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas; Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.; The viral macrophage inflammatory protein-II (vMIP-II) encoded by Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is unique among all known chemokines in that vMIP-II shows a broad-spectrum interaction with both CC and CXC chemokine receptors including CCR5 and CXCR4, two principal coreceptors for the cell entry of human immu
Computer-assisted instruction: an effective instructional method for HIV prevention education?: J Adolesc Health. 2000 Apr;26(4):244-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200139; Evans AE; Edmundson-Drane EW; Harris KK; Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of; Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.; PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness of a computer-assisted instruction (CAI)-based intervention to a more traditional lecture-based intervention for influencing psychosocial correlates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preventive behaviors. METHODS: Students enrolled in a Human Sexuality course (N = 152) were ra
Predictors of HIV antibody testing among Gay, Lesbian, and bisexual youth.: J Adolesc Health. 2000 Apr;26(4):252-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200140; Maguen S; Armistead LP; Kalichman S; Psychology Department, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; 30303, USA.; PURPOSE: To identify factors related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody testing among Gay, Lesbian, and bisexual youth. METHODS: Self-reported demographics, risk behaviors, variables related to the Health Belief Model, and HIV testing data were collected at a conference for gay youth, as well as at the Gay
Preventing HIV transmission: the perspective of inner-city Puerto Rican adolescents.: J Adolesc Health. 2000 Apr;26(4):258-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200141; Ramirez JI; Gossett DR; Ginsburg KR; Taylor SL; Slap GB; Craig-Dalsimer Division of Adolescent Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.; PURPOSE: To examine the development of HIV prevention strategies that address the concerns and needs of urban Puerto Rican adolescents. METHODS: The study included 542 Puerto-Rican adolescents, divided into age sets of 12 to 14 years and 15 to 19 years. Participants were recruited from community work programs, recreat
The African-American church: a potential forum for adolescent comprehensive sexuality education.: J Adolesc Health. 2000 Apr;26(4):289-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200144; Coyne-Beasley T; Schoenbach VJ; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Internal Medicine,; School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,; 27599, USA.; PURPOSE: To investigate the attitudes and beliefs of clergy from African-American churches towards sexuality education and the provision of sexuality education in their churches. METHODS: A pilot study was designed to survey a convenience sample of clergy leaders from African-American churches about their young adoles
Determining needs and setting priorities for HIV-affected and HIV-infected persons: northeast Ohio and San Diego.: J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2000 Feb;11(1):77-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240512; Loue S; Faust M; O'Shea D; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western; Reserve University, School of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical; Center, Cleveland, OH 44109-1998, USA.; The Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act of 1991 requires that communities receiving Title I funding engage in a needs assessment and priority process to guide the allocation of those funds to various services within the local community. This paper reports on the process and results of the need
Rationalizing the purchase and use of gloves in health care.: Br J Nurs. 1999 Mar 11-24;8(5):279-82, 284, 286-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99291107; Ross S; Wakefield and Pontefract Community Health NHS Trust, Fieldhead; Hospital.; The last two decades have seen a substantial increase in the use of protective gloves in healthcare establishments. This is attributed to the widespread publicity regarding the risks of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B and C from blood and body fluid contact. Further, directives from offici
T-lymphocyte subpopulations and HLA-DR antigens in patients with Bell's palsy, hearing loss, neuronitis vestibularis, and Meniere's disease.: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol Suppl. 1994;:S447-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236232; Bumm P; Schlimok G; ENT Clinic, Zentralklinikum, Augsburg, Germany.
Electrophysiologic pattern and T-cell subsets in Bell's palsy.: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol Suppl. 1994;:S449-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236233; Formenti A; Galli M; Termine G; Corbellino M; Massetto N; ENT Department, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Facial palsy and human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol Suppl. 1994;:S498-500. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236249; Schot LJ; Devriese PP; Hadderingh RJ; Portegies P; Enting RH; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Centre,; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Recurrent facial paralysis associated with HIV infection.: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol Suppl. 1994;:S518-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236253; Hoffmann DF; Oregon Health Sciences University Portland 97202, USA.
[Ocular damage during HIV infection at the University Hospital Center of Casablanca. (Apropos of 400 cases)]: Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2000 Feb;93(1):14-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236301; el Mansouri Y; Zaghloul K; Himmich H; Amraoui A; Service d'ophtalmologie, Hopital 20 aout 1953, Casablanca,; Maroc. yelmansouri@pfizer.co.ma; The objective of this study was to report ocular manifestations in Moroccan patients infected with HIV/AIDS. 400 patients were surveyed retrospectively from 1993 to 1998 as part of a co-operative study undertaken by the departments of infectious diseases and ophtalmology of the Casablanca Teaching Hospital. Of the 400
[Toxoplasma serology in HIV infected patients and suspected cerebral toxoplasmosis at the Central Hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)]: Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2000 Feb;93(1):17-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236302; Millogo A; Ki-Zerbo GA; Traore W; Sawadogo AB; Ouedraogo I; Peghini M; chnss.bobo@fasonet.bf; A study was conducted in the Internal Medicine unit of Bobo-Dioulasso Hospital. Of the 1828 HIV positive patients admitted in medical wards, 268 presented neurological symptoms. 25.4% had positive Toxoplasma gondii serology. Encephalitis was associated with 12.5% of this latter group and intracranial hypertension with
[Prevalence of HTLV-1 virus infection in Togo (Kozah prefecture and the University Hospital Center of Lome]: Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2000 Feb;93(1):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236297; Balogou AA; Grunitzky EK; Anani TK; Kowu A; Sadzo-Hetsu A; Nubukpo KA; Dumas M; Service de neurologie, CHU, Lome, Togo.; abalogou@syfed.tg.refer.org; The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Human T cell Leukaemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV1) in a representative population sample, in neurological and non-neurological patients hospitalised in the Lome teaching hospital in order to study the clinical manifestations of this retrovirus. There was no statistical
[Adult non-viral lymphocytic meningitis in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire)]: Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2000 Feb;93(1):50-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20236311; Eholie SP; Adou-Brynh D; Domoua K; Kakou A; Ehui E; Gouamene A; Bonnard D; Aoussi E; Bissagnene E; Kadio A; Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de; Treichville, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.; Our prospective and longitudinal study aimed to analyse the aetiologies, clinical features and prognostic of non viral lymphocytes meningitis (NVLM). We recruited 131 patients, 77 males (59%) and 54 females (41%) sex-ratio 1.4. The mean age was 35 years [15-67]. 117 patients were HIV positive (89%) and 14 (11%) were H
Universal HIV testing in pregnancy [editorial]: Can Fam Physician. 2000 Mar;46:508-10, 519-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215447; Ratnapalan S; Diav-Citrin O; King SM; Koren G
Pulmonary infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Taiwan.: J Formos Med Assoc. 2000 Feb;99(2):123-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20232902; Fang CT; Hung CC; Chang SC; Hsueh PR; Chang YL; Chen MY; Luh KT; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University; Hospital, Taipei.; BACKGROUND: Pulmonary infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the pathogens causing pulmonary infection in 272 HIV-infected patients admitted to a university hospital from January 1993 through Decem
Parvovirus B19 infection in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient with anemia.: J Formos Med Assoc. 2000 Feb;99(2):162-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20232908; Lau SM; Yu WL; Chow KC; Wang JH; Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical College Hospital,; Taichung, Taiwan.; Anemia is generally attributed to zidovudine therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, although parvovirus B19 infection has been reported as a rare cause. We report on a 24-year-old homosexual man infected with HIV who presented with anemia. He had received aggressive daily antiretroviral thera
Recent advances in the study, prevention, and treatment of infectious diseases.: J Formos Med Assoc. 2000 Feb;99(2):92-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20232898; Huang LM; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei, Taiwan.; Along with the rapid progress in molecular biology and computer technology, many changes have occurred in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and understanding of infectious diseases. Molecular techniques are taking a more important role both in the diagnosis and in the discovery of etiologic agents. The association
Gene trap insertional mutagenesis in mice: new vectors and germ line mutations in two novel genes.: Transgenic Res. 1999;8(6):451-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF064783; Neilan EG; Barsh GS; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; 94305, USA.; Insertional mutagenesis based on gene trap vectors that capture endogenous splice sites is a promising tool for functional genomics. Several groups have proposed large-scale gene trap screens, but questions remain as to the type of vectors and their design. We report a set of plasmid-encoded gene trap vectors and the
[Ocular manifestations in HIV infected patients attending the department of ophthalmology of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo]: Rev Assoc Med Bras. 1999 Oct-Dec;45(4):323-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215699; Matos KT; Santos MC; Muccioli C; Departamento de Oftalmologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo.; PURPOSE: To evaluate ocular manifestations of HIV-infected patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 1,100 HIV positive out patients in 3 years with a standard complete ophthalmological exam. RESULTS: Eight hundred and sixty nine (79%) of the 1,100 patients studied were male and 231 (21%) female. The mo
AIDS and HIV infection in the United Kingdom: monthly report.: Commun Dis Rep CDR Wkly. 2000 Mar 31;10(13):123-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240464
[Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome in children]: Arch Pediatr. 2000 Mar;7(3):278-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224672; Stephan JL; Galambrun C; Unite d'hematologie et d'oncologie pediatrique, Hopital Nord,; CHRU, Saint-Etienne, France.; Reactive haemophagocytic syndrome is characterized by activation and uncontrolled non-malignant proliferation of T lymphocytes and macrophages, leading to a cytokine overproduction, which accounts for the main biological signs. Children usually present with an acute febrile illness, fulminant pancytopenia and hepatosp
[Comparative characteristics of immunoglobulin-synthesizing cell and immunoregulatory T-lymphocyte subpopulation contents in human lymphatic nodes and the spleen]: Morfologiia. 1998;114(6):47-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226698; Pigarevskii PV; N.N. Anichkov Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Russian Academy of; Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg.; The content of lymphocytes producing different classes of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM and IgG) and immunoregulatory T cell subpopulations (CD3, CD4, CD8) was assessed in structural components of T- and B- zones of lymph nodes of visceral and somatic groups and spleen in man. Forensic autopsy material obtained from 48 me
Application of bacteriophages as surrogates for mammalian viruses: a case for use in filter validation based on precedents and current practices in medical and environmental virology.: PDA J Pharm Sci Technol. 1999 Mar-Apr;53(2):75-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217408; Aranha-Creado H; Brandwein H; Scientific and Laboratory Services Department, Pall Corporation,; Port Washington, New York, USA.; Infectivity-based assays are the assays of choice for the detection of pathogenic mammalian viruses. While it is intuitively appropriate to conduct testing and validation studies with the known viral burden or a closely related mammalian species, logistic considerations often dictate otherwise. Consequently, bacteriop
HTLV-I infection and the low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan [comment]: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 May;11(5):481-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216025; Walker M; Department of Histopathology, Imperial College School of Medicine; at St Mary's, London. mm.walker@ic.ac.uk; HTLV-I retrovirus infection and Helicobacter pylori infection are common in Japan ; however a report in this issue shows a significantly low prevalence of H. pylori in patients infected with HTLV-I. The reasons for this may be due to differences in genetic susceptibility of the infec
Low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in individuals with HTLV-I infection [see comments]: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 May;11(5):497-502. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216028; Isomoto H; Mizuta Y; Fukushima K; Takeshima F; Miyazaki M; Murase K; Omagari K; Maeda T; Kamihira S; Tomonaga M; Kohno S; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University; School of Medicine, Japan.; BACKGROUND: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in HIV-positive individuals is significantly lower than in HIV-negative controls. However, its prevalence in individuals infected with human T-cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I), another important member of the human retrovirus family, has not been previously investi
Monitoring specific T-cell responses to melanoma vaccines: ELISPOT, tetramers, and beyond.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 Mar;7(2):141-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169410; Gajewski TF; Department of Pathology and Department of Medicine, Section of; Hematology/Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; 60637, USA. tgajewsk@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu
Expression of regeneration and tolerance factor correlates directly with human immunodeficiency virus infection and inversely with hepatitis C virus infection.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 Mar;7(2):200-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169419; Sung CC; Boomer JS; Givens TS; DuChateau BK; Lepe MR; Feller A; Westerman MP; Gilman-Sachs A; Chedid A; Beaman KD; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, USA.; Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cause two of the most prevalent debilitating viral infections. HIV appears to induce a skewing toward a Th2 response, while in HCV infection a Th1 response appears to dominate. Regeneration and tolerance factor (RTF) may participate in driving or sustainin
Relationship between IS901 in the Mycobacterium avium complex strains isolated from birds, animals, humans, and the environment and virulence for poultry.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 Mar;7(2):212-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169421; Pavlik I; Svastova P; Bartl J; Dvorska L; Rychlik I; Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 32 Brno, Czech; Republic. pavlik@vri.cz; A total of 738 strains of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) were examined in biological experiments on poultry by use of PCR methods with primers for detection of the insertion sequence IS901. Serotype strains of MAC from all known 28 serotypes were examined. Further strains were isolated from human immunodeficiency v
Transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 tax to rabbits by tax-only-positive human cells.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 Mar;7(2):274-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169430; Zucker-Franklin D; Pancake BA; Lalezari P; Khorshidi M; New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016,; USA.; The human T-cell lymphrotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is causally related to adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma and the neurodegenerative diseases tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. In the United States the prevalence of infection has been estimated to range
CD8(+) T-cell gamma interferon production specific for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in HIV-1-infected subjects.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 Mar;7(2):279-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169431; Huang XL; Fan Z; Kalinyak C; Mellors JW; Rinaldo CR Jr; University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health,; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.; The CD8(+)-T-cell response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is considered to be important in host control of infection and prevention of AIDS. We have developed a single-cell enzyme immunoassay (enzyme-linked immunospot assay) specific for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production stimulated by either auto
Phagocytic function of monocytes in children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 Mar;7(2):296-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169434; Tardei G; Duiculescu D; Capo C; Diaconu CC; Mutiu A; Mege JL; Cernescu CE; St. S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania.; gtardei@hotmail.com; We investigated the phagocytic function of monocytes in 7- to 10-year-old children horizontally infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in comparison to that in healthy sex- and age-matched controls. CR3-mediated phagocytosis was increased in patients with HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis, indep
Identification of different states of hepatitis B virus infection with a quantitative PCR assay.: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2000 Mar;7(2):298-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169435; Kessler HH; Preininger S; Stelzl E; Daghofer E; Santner BI; Marth E; Lackner H; Stauber RE; Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Institute of Hygiene, Karl; Franzens University, A-8010 Graz, Austria.; harald.kessler@kfunigraz.ac.at; The level of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum reflects the replicative activity of HBV. To compare serum HBV DNA levels in different states of hepatitis B, 47 sera of patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B, 4 sera of patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, 40 samples of patients after HBeAg ser
Hitting up in the top end: characteristics of needle exchange clients in Darwin.: Aust N Z J Public Health. 2000 Feb;24(1):82-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240453; Roberts C; Crofts N; Health for Injectors in the Northern Territory, Northern; Territory AIDS Council, Darwin. goodhint@octa4.net.au; OBJECTIVE: Little is known about injecting drug use (IDU) and blood-borne viral (BBV) infection in rural Australia . METHOD: These repeat cross-sectional studies were conducted during a two-week period in July and October-November 1998 at the Darwin needle exchange, with 129 and
Eradication of disseminated lymphomas with CpG-DNA activated T helper type 1 cells from nontransgenic mice.: Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 15;60(6):1515-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20210673; Egeter O; Mocikat R; Ghoreschi K; Dieckmann A; Rocken M; Department of Dermatology and Allergology,; Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.; Various evidence suggests that adoptive transfer of polyclonal, tumor-specific, IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ T cells [T helper type 1 (Th1) cells] should be highly efficient for tumor immune therapy. However, this approach could not be tested because very few MHC class II-restricted tumor peptides have been defined. Here
Preclinical evaluation of "whole" cell vaccines for prophylaxis and therapy using a disabled infectious single cycle-herpes simplex virus vector to transduce cytokine genes.: Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 15;60(6):1663-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20210695; Ali SA; McLean CS; Boursnell ME; Martin G; Holmes CL; Reeder S; Entwisle C; Blakeley DM; Shields JG; Todryk S; Vile R; Robins RA; Rees RC; Department of Life Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, United; Kingdom.; The development of genetically modified whole tumor cell vaccines for cancer therapy relies on the efficient transduction and expression of genes by vectors. In the present study, we have used a disabled infectious single cycle-herpes simplex virus 2 (DISC-HSV-2) vector constructed to express cytokine or marker gene
Therapeutic drug monitoring of saquinavir in patients during protease inhibitor therapy with saquinavir alone or in combination with ritonavir or nelfinavir.: Eur J Med Res. 2000 Feb 28;5(2):59-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20203459; Langmann P; Zilly M; Weissbrich B; Schlor C; Vath T; Richter E; Klinker H; Medizinische Poliklinik, University of Wuerzburg, Division of; Infectious Diseases, Germany. p.langmann@medizin.uni-wuerzburg.de; Therapeutic drug monitoring is essential in HIV-patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Saquinavir (SQV) is used alone or in combination with ritonavir (RTV) or nelfinavir (NLF), respectively, in the context of the HAART drug
MR spectroscopy in HIV and stimulant dependence HNRC Group. HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center [letter]: J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2000 Jan;6(1):83-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224437; Taylor MJ; Alhassoon OM; Schweinsburg BC; Videen JS; Grant I
Interactions of HIV-1 NEF with cellular signal transducing proteins.: Front Biosci. 2000 Feb 1;5:D268-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169473; Renkema HG; Saksela K; Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere,; FIN-33101, Tampere, Finland.; Nef is a 27 - 34 kD myristoylated protein unique to primate lentiviruses. A functional Nef gene is important for development of high viremia and simian AIDS in SIV infected rhesus macaques (1). In a transgenic mouse model expression of Nef protein alone when expressed under a CD4-promoter is sufficient to cause an AID
In HIV-1-infected patients, plasma levels of HIV-1 RNA are inversely correlated with IFN-alpha responsiveness of whole-blood cultures to sendai virus.: J Clin Virol. 2000 Apr;16(2):123-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188072; Chehadeh W; Chabou S; Fontier C; Alm G; Lion G; Bocket L; Mouton Y; Wattre P; Hober D; Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Regional; Universitaire, Institut Gernez-Rieux, 59037, Lille, France.; BACKGROUND: A diminished or totally blocked IFN-alpha production in cells from HIV-1-infected patients has been reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the decreased in vitro production of IFN-alpha and the plasma level of HIV-1 RNA. STUDY DESIGN: Whole blood samples of 39 healthy subjects and 44
Seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya measured using different western blot criteria.: J Clin Virol. 2000 Apr;16(2):129-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188073; Takao S; Ishida T; Bhatia KK; Saha N; Soemantri A; Kayame OW; Department of Anthropology, Unit of Human Biology and Genetics,; Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo,; Japan.; BACKGROUND: Endemic foci of HTLV-1 carriers have been found in the world, however, the origin of HTLV-1 in humans is still unclear. Since a distinct type of virus strain was isolated from the Solomon Islands , detailed surveys on HTL
2nd International Conference on HIV and Iron. Brugge, Belgium, March 31-April 1, 2000. Abstracts.: J Clin Virol. 2000 Apr;16(2):77-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256087
Modeling the epidemiology and economics of directly observed therapy in Baltimore [see comments]: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2000 Mar;4(3):201-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213116; Chaulk CP; Friedman M; Dunning R; Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA.; patc@aecf.org; SETTING: From 1958 to 1978, Baltimore maintained one of the highest pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) rates in the US. But, from 1978 to 1992 its TB rate declined by 64.3% and its ranking for TB fell from second highest among large US cites to twenty-eighth. This TB trend coincided with the implementation of an aggressive d
Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Portugal.: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2000 Mar;4(3):223-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213119; Antunes ML; Aleixo-Dias J; Antunes AF; Pereira MF; Raymundo E; Rodrigues MF; Direccao-Geral da Saude, Lisbon, Portugal. maria.antunes@ip.pt; SETTING: A survey based upon a representative sample of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients was undertaken in Portugal , as part of the World Health Organization s Global Project on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survei
Diagnosing HIV-associated tuberculosis: reducing costs and diagnostic delay.: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2000 Mar;4(3):240-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213122; Hudson CP; Wood R; Maartens G; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.; SETTING: University-affiliated hospital in South Africa . OBJECTIVE: To assess the time to diagnosis and the yield and laboratory cost of diagnostic procedures in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated tuberculosis. DESIGN: Cohort study. PATIENTS: Adult HIV-infected patients
HIV heterosexual transmission: a hypothesis about an additional potential determinant.: Int J Infect Dis. 2000;4(2):110-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20202822; Louria DB; Skurnick JH; Palumbo P; Bogden JD; Rohowsky-Kochan C; Denny TN; Kennedy CA; Departments of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, New; Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. louriado@umdnj.edu; Transmission rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during heterosexual intercourse vary dramatically around the world. In Asia and South America, they are extraordinarily high, whereas in the United States and Europe, rates are much lower even after a large number of unprotected
Risk of transfusion-transmitted human T-cell lymphotropic virus-type I in Latin America [editorial]: Int J Infect Dis. 2000;4(2):59-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20202811; Gotuzzo E; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Instituto De Medicina; Tropical Alexander Von Humboldt, Lima, Peru. EGOTUZZO@am.pnu.com; In a recent publication, G. Schmunis et al presented data from Latin America on blood quality and on important approaches to preventing human immmunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and other infectious diseases that may be transmitted by blood transfusion. Mass screening between 1987
Ten-year review of invasive pneumococcal diseases in children and adults from Uruguay: clinical spectrum, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance.: Int J Infect Dis. 2000;4(2):91-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20202817; Hortal M; Camou T; Palacio R; Dibarboure H; Garcia A; Departamento de Laboratorios de Salud, Ministerio de Salud; Publica, Uruguay. mhortal@st.com.uy; OBJECTIVES: Since 1987, the Reference Laboratory of the Ministry of Health of Uruguay has been monitoring infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients under 5 years of age, in those between 5 to 14 years of age, and in adults. The purpose of the present study was to retr
[Evaluation of outpatient care for people with HIV/AIDS in Rio de Janeiro, from the user's perspective]: Cad Saude Publica. 1999 Oct-Dec;15(4):789-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20100894; Gomes R; Silva CM; Deslandes SF; Souza ER; Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Rui; Barbosa, 716, 2 andar, Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22250-020,; Brasil.; This article analyzes perceptions by people with HIV/AIDS towards five specialized units under the State Health Department, Rio de Janeiro, concerning the care provided there. The research was based on both quantitative and qualitative methods. Data from 228 questionnaires and 19 semi-structured interviews were analyz
Vaccine adverse events in the new millennium: is there reason for concern?: Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78(2):205-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20207689; Ward BJ; McGill Center for Tropical Diseases, Montreal General Hospital,; Quebec, Canada. cybj@musica.mcgill.ca; As more and more infectious agents become targets for immunization programmes, the spectrum of adverse events linked to vaccines has been widening. Although some of these links are tenuous, relatively little is known about the immunopathogenesis of even the best characterized vaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs).
Reducing HIV/AIDS risk, impact and vulnerability [editorial]: Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78(2):236-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20207699; Tarantola D
Biomedical and development paradigms in AIDS prevention.: Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78(2):267-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20207703; Wolffers I; Faculty of Medicine, Free University, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; i.wolffers.social@med.vu.nl; In the fight against the HIV/AIDS pandemic different approaches can be distinguished, reflecting professional backgrounds, world views and political interests. One important distinction is between the biomedical and the development paradigms. The biomedical paradigm is characterized by individualization and the concep
[A case with HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) accompanied by primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)]: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1999 Nov;39(11):1132-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20154525; Nagami S; Konisi T; Kataoka H; Kikui S; Takayanagi T; Suzumura A; Department of Neurology Kisiwada City Hospital.; We reported a 60-year-old female patient with HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) accompanied by primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The diagnosis of PBC and AIH was confirmed by liver biopsy. HAM is considered to be mediated by cellular immune mechanisms, while humoral immune mechanisms may
An indicator cell assay for T-cell tropic, macrophage-tropic, and primary isolates of HIV-1 based on green fluorescent protein.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):213-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231109; Dorsky DI; Harrington RD; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut Health; Center, Farmington 06030-3212, USA.; Quantitation of HIV-1 in blood is now widely used by clinicians to manage antiviral therapy. Current methods to detect viral RNA are expensive, have slow turnaround times, and do not directly quantitate infectious particles. Indicator cell assay (ICA) methods for titering HIV-1 rely on the activation of HIV-1 long ter
Monoclonal antibodies to an HIV-1 group O envelope recombinant.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):221-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231110; Scheffel JW; Ziemann R; Hawksworth D; Tyner J; Hickman RK; Hackett J Jr; Hybridoma Development and Sourcing, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott; Park, Illinois 60064, USA.; Monoclonal antibodies were developed to a recombinant HIV-I group O envelope protein derived from the isolate HAM112. These monoclonal antibodies were characterized for reactivity to a series of overlapping synthetic peptides (29-30 mers) covering gp120 C-terminal and gp41 ectodomain regions of the HIV-1 group O envel
Cytomegalovirus retinitis in advanced HIV-infected patients treated with protease inhibitors: incidence and outcome over 2 years.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):228-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231111; Labetoulle M; Goujard C; Frau E; Rogier H; Niessen F; Furlan V; Lantz O; Lecointe D; Delfraissy JF; Offret H; Department of Ophthalmology, Hopital de Bicetre, Assistance; Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.; We prospectively studied the incidence of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in 93 patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) containing a protease inhibitor (PI), during a median follow-up period of 24 m
Treatment of AIDS-related cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma with topical alitretinoin (9-cis-retinoic acid) gel. Panretin Gel North American Study Group.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):235-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231112; Walmsley S; Northfelt DW; Melosky B; Conant M; Friedman-Kien AE; Wagner B; Division of Infectious Diseases, Toronto Hospital, University of; Toronto, Ontario, Canada. sharon.walmsley@uhn.on.ca; BACKGROUND: Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent malignancy in patients with HIV. Given the promise that retinoids show in the treatment of various hyperproliferative skin disorders and in vitro evidence of inhibition of proliferation of KS cells, a randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted. METHODS AN
Adherence to colposcopy among women with HIV infection.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):247-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231113; Cejtin HE; Komaroff E; Massad LS; Korn A; Schmidt JB; Eisenberger-Matiyahu D; Stier E; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cook County Hospital,; Chicago, Illinois, USA. hcejtin@ameritech.net; In the general population, nonadherence to the recommendation to have colposcopy in women with abnormal cytologic smears is estimated at 30% to 80%, but studies have failed to identify consistent risk factors for nonadherence. The purpose of this analysis is to assess adherence to colposcopy in a subset of participant
Randomized, controlled trial of caloric supplements in HIV infection. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):253-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231114; Gibert CL; Wheeler DA; Collins G; Madans M; Muurahainen N; Raghavan SS; Bartsch G; Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Washington Regional AIDS Program,; DC 20422, USA. gibert.c@washington.va.gov; OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of three nutritional regimens in the prevention of weight loss. DESIGN: A three-arm randomized controlled trial with primary outcome measure percent change in weight over four months. PATIENTS: A total of 536 patients with CD4 count
Meta-analysis of two randomized controlled trials comparing combined zidovudine and didanosine therapy with combined zidovudine, didanosine, and nevirapine therapy in patients with HIV. INCAS study team.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):260-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231115; Raboud JM; Rae S; Vella S; Harrigan PR; Bucciardini R; Fragola V; Ricciardulli D; Montaner JS; Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British; Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. jraboud@hivnet.ubc.ca; OBJECTIVES: To extend the range of CD4 counts in which a plasma viral load nadir (pVL)
CCR2B-64I chemokine receptor allele and mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission or disease progression in children. French pediatric HIV infection study group.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):267-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231116; Teglas JP; N'Go N; Burgard M; Mayaux MJ; Rouzioux C; Blanche S; Delfraissy JF; Misrahi M; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale; (INSERM), Unite 292, Public Health, Epidemiology, and Human; Reproduction, France.; The beneficial role of a variant of the chemokine receptor CCR2B (CCR2B-641) in the evolution of HIV-1 infection in adults is still controversial. Furthermore, no studies have been performed in HIV-1-infected children. A multicenter and prospective study of 745 infants born to HIV-1-seropositive mothers was performed.
Evaluation of a statewide non-name-based HIV surveillance system.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231117; Solomon L; Flynn C; Eldred L; Caldeira E; Wasserman MP; Benjamin G; Recent advances in AIDS-related therapies have delayed the onset of AIDS-defining illnesses and reduced the usefulness of AIDS surveillance in assessing the incidence of early HIV disease and estimating future needs of the HIV-infected population. These changes have prompted renewed interest in expanding surveillance
Modeling HIV risk.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):280-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231118; Bell DC; Trevino RA; Affiliated Systems Corporation, Houston, Texas, USA.; dbell@affiliatedsystems.com; OBJECTIVE: To provide HIV risk estimates for specific local population subgroups using an HIV risk index combining HIV risk behaviors, prevalence rates, and transmission probabilities. METHODS: A sample of 270 individuals was studied. Respondents described sexual and injection risk behaviors and partners in the previo
HIV-1 subtyping in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil: a city with African sociodemographic characteristics.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):288-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231119; Couto-Fernandez JC; Morgado MG; Bongertz V; Tanuri A; Andrade T; Brites C; Galvao-Castro B; Advanced Laboratory of Public Health-LASP, Goncalo Moniz; Research Center-CPqGM, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, UNAIDS; Collaborating Center, Salvador, Bahia.; coutofer@gene.dbbm.fiocruz.br; To investigate the prevalence of the HIV-1 subtypes in different populations from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil , blood samples from 72 HIV-1-seropositive injecting drug users (IDUs) and 62 individuals infected sexually were analyzed using the heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). In the IDU
Sexual behaviors and other HIV risk factors in circumcised and uncircumcised men in Uganda.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):294-301. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231120; Bailey RC; Neema S; Othieno R; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public; Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60302, USA.; rcbailey@uic.edu; OBJECTIVE: To study the differences in sexual practices, hygienic behaviors, and other HIV risk factors between circumcised and uncircumcised men. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of men >17 years of age selected by single stage cluster sampling in the Industrial Borough, Mbale, Uganda
Gender difference in skin reactivity to purified protein derivative among carriers of HTLV-I in Japan.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):302-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231121; Hisada M; Stuver SO; Okayama A; Mueller NE; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts, USA. mh280i@nih.gov; The incidence of malignancies due to oncogenic virus infections tends to be higher in men than in women. Gender-related differences in cell-mediated immunity, which plays a role in viral pathogenesis, may explain this observation. To explore this possibility in the context of HTLV-I infection, we examined skin reactiv
Interferon plus ribavirin in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):308-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231122; Perez-Olmeda M; Gonzalez J; Garcia-Samaniego J; Arribas JR; Pena JM; Soriano V
Effects of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin on virus load in HIV-infected children [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):309-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231123; Church JA; Fox S; Gomperts E
Risk of HHV-6A primary and recurrent infections during the course of AIDS [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):311-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231124; Ongradi J; Marodi CL; Nagy K; Csiszar A; Banhegyi D; Horvath A
Substantial decrease in numbers and rates of AIDS deaths over the last decade [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):312-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231125; Barkan SE; Leonetti AM; Hopkins SG; Duchin JS
Seroprevalence of HTLV-I/II antibodies in blood donors and different groups at risk in Tunisia [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Nov 1;22(3):314-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231126; Mojaat N; Kaabi H; Hmida S; Maamar M; Slama S; Boukef K
Turning a corner on HIV neutralization?: Microbes Infect. 2000 Feb;2(2):213-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20209687; Nunberg JH; Follis KE; Trahey M; LaCasse RA; Montana Biotechnology Center, The University of Montana,; Missoula, MT 59812, USA.; HIV vaccine development has been hampered by the inability of conventional immunogens to elicit antibodies capable of neutralizing primary isolates of the virus. Recent studies using fusion-competent immunogens that capture transitional intermediate structures of the functioning envelope protein suggest that this go
Primate models of AIDS.: Microbes Infect. 2000 Feb;2(2):223-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20209688; Joag SV; JODI Research Inc., Wexford, Pennsylvania and the Marion Merrell; Dow Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, University of Kansas School; of Medicine, Kansas, City, Kansas, USA.; The primate models of AIDS provide insights into pathogenesis, transmission, and immune responses to infection and are useful in testing vaccines and drugs. The HIV-1/chimpanzee, SIV(mac)/macaque, and SHIV/macaque models are the most widely used. The advantages and drawbacks of these and other models are discussed.
IL-10 reduces Th2 cytokine production and eosinophilia but augments airway reactivity in allergic mice.: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2000 Apr;278(4):L667-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215252; van Scott MR; Justice JP; Bradfield JF; Enright E; Sigounas A; Sur S; Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville,; North Carolina 27858, USA. mrvanscott@brody.med.ecu.edu; We investigated the effects of interleukin (IL)-10 administration on allergen-induced Th2 cytokine production, eosinophilic inflammation, and airway reactivity. Mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ragweed (RW) adsorbed to Alum and challenged by intratracheal instillation of the allergen. Sensitization
Glucocorticoid-induced, caspase-dependent organ apoptosis early after burn injury.: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2000 Apr;278(4):R1005-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215213; Fukuzuka K; Edwards CK 3rd; Clare-Salzler M; Copeland EM 3rd; Moldawer LL; Mozingo DW; Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine,; Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.; Immune suppression and increased apoptotic loss of circulating lymphocytes have been reported after burn injury. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms responsible for the increased apoptosis of lymphoid and parenchymal cells in solid organs and the role played by inflammatory mediators, such as tumo
Non-HIV lentiviral vectors: interview with Alan Kingsman.: J Gene Med. 1999 Nov-Dec;1(6):441-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20214744; Kingsman A
Efficient split synthesis for targeted libraries.: J Comb Chem. 2000 Jan-Feb;2(1):10-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20214068; Cohen B; Skiena S; Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at; Stony Brook 11794-4400, USA.; We propose a new approach for fabricating more sophisticated combinatorial chemistry libraries via split synthesis and evaluate its potential through extensive simulation. Our algorithmically intensive method promises to reduce the time and materials costs of synthesizing libraries which are (1) too large to synthesiz
Antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS: update from San Francisco [editorial]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):133-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217390; Laurence J
The Seventh Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections.: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):135-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217391; Merrick S; Gulick R; Boyle B; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA.
Addressing the issue of childbearing in heterosexual couples discordant for HIV.: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):144-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217392; Ball SC; Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill; Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA.
Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group funding is renewed [news]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217393
HHS award $527 million for AIDS CARE [news]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):147. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254514
HIV prevention grants available [news]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):147. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217394
HIV receptor gene is patented [news]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):147. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254513
Sustiva granted full FDA approval [news]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):147. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254515
National urine-based HIV and STD testing service [news]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):147, 149. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254516
Sit out the silly season?: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):148-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217395; Gebbie KM; Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Columbia; University School of Nursing, New York, USA.
Glaxo supports in-prison programs [news]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):149. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254517
HIV drug resistance testing [news]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):149. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254519
HIV reference laboratory opens in Botswana [news]: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):149. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254518
When and where to start: guidelines for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy.: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):150-5; discussion 171-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217396; Volberding P; Center for AIDS Research, University of California, San; Francisco, USA.; Although several sets of treatment guidelines recommend when antiretroviral therapy should begin, no overall consensus has emerged. Factors that must be weighed in deciding when to start include not only CD4+ cell count and viral load but also the stage and tempo of the disease and the commitment of the patient. Evide
When to switch and what to switch to: strategic use of antiretroviral therapy.: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):156-61; discussion 171-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217397; Gulick R; Cornell Clinical Trials Unit, Weill Medical College of Cornell; University, New York, USA.; Clinical cohort studies suggest that as many as 60% of patients experience virologic failure of a first-line antiretroviral regimen. Second-line and rescue (or salvage) regimens have a poorer success record: Most studies presented to date show a short-term virologic response rate of only approximately 30% in treatment
How to manage metabolic complications of HIV therapy: what to do while we wait for answers.: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):162-9; discussion 171-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217398; Currier JS; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles,; USA.; Although effective treatment of antiretroviral-associated metabolic abnormalities ultimately depends on understanding the mechanisms involved, clinicians facing these problems are beginning to feel compelled to do something now to manage treatment-related metabolic complications. Diet and exercise should not be overlo
Adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy: synthesis of the literature and clinical implications.: AIDS Read. 2000 Mar;10(3):177-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217404; Miller LG; Hays RD; University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), School of Medicine,; USA.; Adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy has a strong impact on virologic response and emergence of viral resistance. However, monitoring adherence in the clinic is difficult. What a patient says or a clinician believes about a patient s adherence may be misleading. Patients with suboptimal adherence may have r
Outcomes associated with delirium in acutely hospitalized acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients.: Compr Psychiatry. 2000 Mar-Apr;41(2):88-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20203928; Uldall KK; Harris VL; Lalonde B; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of; Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.; The study demonstrates that delirium in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients is associated with mortality, the need for long-term care, and an increased length of hospitalization. Data were collected prospectively on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS patients admitted to a teaching hospital from J
Interactions of antineoplastic chemotherapy with zidovudine pharmacokinetics in patients with HIV-related neoplasms.: Chemotherapy. 1999 Nov-Dec;45(6):418-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20036386; Toffoli G; Errante D; Corona G; Vaccher E; Bertola A; Robieux I; Aita P; Sorio R; Tirelli U; Boiocchi M; Division of Experimental Oncology 1, Centro di Riferimento; Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.; To evaluate the perturbations in zidovudine (ZDV) pharmacokinetics as a consequence of antineoplastic chemotherapeutic treatments, we performed a prospective crossover study in 13 HIV-infected patients with cancer. The subjects received 2-day regimens of ZDV (250 mg x 2/day). On the first day ZDV was administered alon
Isoniazid plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine can reduce morbidity of HIV-positive patients treated for tuberculosis in Africa: a controlled clinical trial.: Chemotherapy. 1999 Nov-Dec;45(6):452-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20036390; Haller L; Sossouhounto R; Coulibaly IM; Dosso M; Kone M; Adom H; Meyer UA; Betschart B; Wenk M; Haefeli WE; Lobognon LR; Porquet M; Kabore G; Sorenson F; Reber-Liske R; Sturchler D; Roche African Research Foundation, UTH Treichville, Abidjan,; Cote d'Ivoire.; An annual 20% excess mortality rate is observed in HIV-seropositive patients after treatment for tuberculosis. An affordable secondary prophylaxis against main opportunistic diseases is needed, i.e. against tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, pneumocystosis and other infections occurring in this target population. This open
Pharmacokinetics, biliary excretion, and tissue distribution of novel anti-HIV agents, cosalane and dihydrocosalane, in Sprague-Dawley rats.: Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Apr;28(4):403-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191717; Kuchimanchi KR; Udata C; Johnston TP; Mitra AK; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy,; University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110,; USA.; Cosalane and dihydrocosalane are potent inhibitors of HIV replication with a broad range of activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate: 1) the pharmacokinetic disposition of both cosalane and dihydrocosalane in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and 2) biliary excretion, enterohepatic circulation, and tissue distri
Route-dependent nonlinear pharmacokinetics of a novel HIV protease inhibitor: involvement of enzyme inactivation.: Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Apr;28(4):460-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191724; Lin JH; Chen IW; Chiba M; Nishime JA; Deluna FA; Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point,; Pennsylvania 19486, USA. jiunn_lin@merck.com; L-754,394, a furanopyridine derivative, is an experimental HIV protease inhibitor. Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that L-754,394 is cleared very rapidly in animals, and that this drug is a potent mechanism-based inactivator (suicide inhibitor) for CYP3A4 in human liver microsomes. Because L-75
Drug abuse treatment as an HIV prevention strategy: a review.: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Apr 1;59(1):17-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20173643; Sorensen JL; Copeland AL; Department of Psychiatry, Room 2117, Ward 21, Building 20, UCSF; at San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San; Francisco, CA 94110, USA. james@itsa.ucsf.edu; We review drug abuse treatment as a means of preventing infection with HIV. Thirty-three studies, with an aggregate of over seventeen thousand subjects, were published in peer-reviewed journals from 1988-1998. Research on the utility of drug abuse treatment as an HIV prevention strategy has focused primarily on methad
[Mycobacterium avium infections in poultry--a risk for human health or not?]: DTW Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2000 Feb;107(2):53-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20207737; Martin G; Schimmel D; Bundesinstitut fur gesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutz und; Veterinarmedizin, Fachbereich, Jena.; Avian tuberculosis is an animal disease notifiable for statistical purposes in Germany . Cases notified (between 130 and 230 annually) were primarily related to private flocks of pedigree poultry and layers consisting of less than 20 animals and individual animals in game enclosure
Drug-resistant tuberculosis: what do we do now?: Drugs. 2000 Feb;59(2):171-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192786; Telenti A; Iseman M; Division of Infectious Diseases and Institute of Microbiology,; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.; amalio.telenti@chuv.hospvd.ch; Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) represents a threat to TB control programmes. Erratic and inappropriate use of currently available medications, HIV-TB co-infection, and concern about transmission of drug-resistant strains in the general population all contribute to a worrying picture. What do we do now? In the last f
Acanthamoeba sinusitis with subsequent dissemination in an AIDS patient.: Ear Nose Throat J. 2000 Mar;79(3):168, 171-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20208165; Kim SY; Syms MJ; Holtel MR; Nauschuetz KK; Department of Surgery, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma,; Wash., USA. SYMSM001@hawaii.rr.com; Otolaryngologists can play an important role in the care of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and/or human immunodeficiency virus infection. We present the case of an AIDS patient who was hospitalized for dehydration and who was soon found to have sinusitis and subsequent disseminated infection c
Determination of drug susceptibility and DNA fingerprint patterns of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Kampala, Uganda.: East Afr Med J. 2000 Feb;77(2):111-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235900; Joloba ML; Whalen CC; Cave DM; Eisenach KD; Johnson JL; Okwera A; Morrissey A; Bajaksouzian S; Feagin J; Mugerwa R; Ellner J; Jacobs MR; Makerere University Medical School, Kampala, Uganda.; OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the rate of initial drug resistance and transmission patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Kampala, Uganda . SETTING: National Tuberculosis (TB) Treatment Centre, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA a
Generational differences in male sexuality that may affect Zimbabwean women's risk for sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS.: East Afr Med J. 2000 Feb;77(2):93-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235897; Olayinka BA; Alexander L; Mbizvo MT; Gibney L; UCLA Drug Abuse Research Center 90025, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine generational differences in male sexuality, which could predispose men s female sexual partners to STDs/HIV. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Harare, Zimbabwe . SUBJECTS: Three hundred and ninety seven male adults aged eighteen years and above. MAIN
Ganciclovir implant: clinicopathological study [letter]: Eye. 2000 Feb;14 ( Pt 1):110-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217921; al-Yousuf NH; Dhillon B; Ironside J
Decreased visual acuity in patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis and AIDS.: Eye. 2000 Feb;14 ( Pt 1):8-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20217894; Raina J; Bainbridge JW; Shah SM; St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.; PURPOSE: To investigate the causes of decreased visual acuity in patients with cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). METHODS: All human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient
Endoscopy in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with diarrhea and negative stool studies.: Gastrointest Endosc. 2000 Apr;51(4 Pt 1):427-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20209214; Wei SC; Hung CC; Chen MY; Wang CY; Chuang CY; Wong JM; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University; Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; BACKGROUND: Diarrhea is a frequent gastrointestinal symptom in patients with acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is a major source of morbidity and mortality. A stepwise diagnostic approach is often recommended to search for treatable causes. However, whether the stepwise diagnostic approach is adequate for
Combination therapy of hepatitis B [comment]: Gut. 2000 Apr;46(4):450-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20181788; Doo E; Hoofnagle JH; Liver Diseases Section Digestive Diseases Branch National; Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Building; 10, Room 9B06 NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; DooE@intra.niddk.nih.gov
Lamivudine and alpha interferon combination treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: a randomised trial [see comments]: Gut. 2000 Apr;46(4):562-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20181807; Schalm SW; Heathcote J; Cianciara J; Farrell G; Sherman M; Willems B; Dhillon A; Moorat A; Barber J; Gray DF; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Erasmus University; Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; BACKGROUND, AIM, AND METHODS: Alpha interferon is the generally approved therapy for HBe antigen positive patients with chronic hepatitis B, but its efficacy is limited. Lamivudine is a new oral nucleoside analogue which potently inhibits hepatitis B
Breast-feeding and human immunodeficiency virus.: Indian J Pediatr. 1997 Jul-Aug;64(4):547-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234381; Sharma UK; Willingham FF; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns; Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.; Breast-feeding provides nutritional, immunological, and psychological benefits. It protects children from mortality and morbidity associated with diarrheal diseases, pneumonia and other infections. Breast feeding has also been shown to prolong the interval between births and thereby improve child survival and maternal
Prevalence of HHV-8 infection among cancer patients in Sicily [letter]: Int J Cancer. 2000 May 1;86(3):448-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20225796; Serraino D; Bordonaro R; Failla G; De Paoli P; Colina P; Tedeschi RM; Ippolito G
Measurement of anti-human cytomegalovirus T cell reactivity in transplant recipients and its potential clinical use: a mini-review.: Intervirology. 1999;42(5-6):322-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169289; Kern F; Faulhaber N; Khatamzas E; Frommel C; Ewert R; Prosch S; Volk H; Reinke P; Institut fur Medizinische Immunologie, Charite (Medizinische; Fakultat der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin), Berlin,; Deutschland. florian.kern@charite.de; By allowing direct determination of the frequencies of antigen-specific memory T cells in peripheral blood, novel techniques based on flow cytometry provide new diagnostic opportunities in various clinical settings, including organ transplantation. While the importance of the T cell compartment for the anti-human
Significance of qualitative polymerase chain reaction combined with quantitation of viral load in the diagnosis and follow-up of cytomegalovirus infection after solid-organ transplantation.: Intervirology. 1999;42(5-6):398-404. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169299; Vanpoucke H; Van Vlem B; Vanholder R; Van Renterghem L; Laboratory Virology, University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.; Quantitative PCR was evaluated in the monitoring of patients with ongoing posttransplantation cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection and antiviral therapy, compared to leukoDNAemia and serology. From January 1998 until May 1999, 61
Viral dynamics during active cytomegalovirus infection and pathology.: Intervirology. 1999;42(5-6):405-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169300; Emery VC; Department of Virology, Royal Free and University College Medical; School, London, UK. vincent@rfhsm.ac.uk; The central role that cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) load plays in its pathogenesis is being unravelled. In AIDS patients with active CMV replication, many months prior to the development of CMV disease, elevated CMV load in the blood
Mechanism by which phosphonoformic acid resistance mutations restore 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) sensitivity to AZT-resistant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 31;275(13):9251-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200409; Arion D; Sluis-Cremer N; Parniak MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and McGill University; AIDS Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital,; Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada.; The development of phosphonoformic acid (PFA) resistance against a background of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) resistance in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) restores viral sensitivity to AZT. High level AZT resistance requires multiple
Protein phosphatase 2A and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulate the activity of Sp1-responsive promoters.: J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 31;275(13):9385-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200428; Garcia A; Cereghini S; Sontag E; Laboratoire de Signalisation Immuno-Parasitaire, URA CNRS 1960,; Departement d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris,; France.; The transcription factor Sp1 regulates the activity of a large number of eukaryotic gene promoters, including early SV40 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Here, we report that expression of SV40 small tumor antigen (small t) in quiescent CV-1 cells transactivates two Sp1-responsive promoters, including
Quantitative analysis of maedi-visna virus DNA load in peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages.: J Virol Methods. 2000 Apr;86(1):13-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179950; Zhang Z; Watt NJ; Hopkins J; Harkiss G; Woodall CJ; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Edinburgh,; Edinburgh, UK. zhidong.zhang@bbsrc.ac.uk; Viral load may be an important indicator of disease progression in sheep infected with maedi-visna virus (MVV). To assess this variable accurately in MVV-infected sheep, a quantitative competitive-polymerase chain reaction (QC-PCR) was developed. A conserved region of the MVV pol gene was selected. The RT-PCR MVV pol
Quantitative evaluation of simian immunodeficiency virus infection using NASBA technology.: J Virol Methods. 2000 Apr;86(1):61-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179956; Romano JW; Shurtliff RN; Dobratz E; Gibson A; Hickman K; Markham PD; Pal R; Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., 5510 Nicholson Lane,; Kensington, MD 20895, USA. jromano@ablinc.com; The most commonly used animal model for the study of HIV-1 infection in humans is the infection of non-human primates by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The animal hosts used most frequently are different species of macaques, which are readily infected with SIV, and can therefore be used to study natural infectio
In vivo effects of sex steroids on lymphocyte responsiveness and immunoglobulin levels in humans.: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Apr;85(4):1648-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20230980; Giltay EJ; Fonk JC; von Blomberg BM; Drexhage HA; Schalkwijk C; Gooren LJ; Research Institute for Endocrinology, Reproduction, and; Metabolism, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands. giltay@dds.nl; The female predominance in several autoimmune diseases suggests a role for sex steroid hormones in disease susceptibility. We therefore investigated to what extent sex hormones would influence immune responsiveness. We analyzed T helper type 1 (TH1) and type 2 cytokine patterns, chemokine receptor expression (n = 2 x
A revisitation of dental student's attitudes toward individuals with AIDS.: J Dent Educ. 2000 Apr;64(4):298-301. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20232567; Cohen LA; Romberg E; Grace E; Department of Oral Health Care Delivery, University of Maryland; Dental School, Baltimore 21201, USA.
Selenium status and the human immunodeficiency virus [letter]: J Am Diet Assoc. 2000 Apr;100(4):418. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20230428; Campa A; Shor-Posner G; Baum M
[High-dose intravitreal ganciclovir in CMV retinitis]: J Fr Ophtalmol. 2000 Feb;23(2):123-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20195655; Cochereau I; Diraison MC; Mousalatti H; Bouyer I; Ren L; Guvenisik N; Hoang-Xuan T; Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hopital Bichat, Paris.; oph.sec@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr; PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of high-dose (2000microg) intravitreous ganciclovir in the maintenance therapy of CMV retinitis in AIDS patients. MATERIAL: and methods: Prospective open study in a single center. The maintenance therapy of CMV re
IL-4 diminishes perforin-mediated and increases Fas ligand-mediated cytotoxicity In vivo.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3487-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192002; Aung S; Graham BS; Department of Microbiology, Vanderbilt University, School of; Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.; CTL have evolved two major mechanisms for target cell killing: one mediated by perforin/granzyme secretion and the other by Fas/Fas ligand (L) interaction. Although cytokines are integral to the development of naive CTL into cytolytic effectors, the role of cytokines on mechanisms of CTL killing is just emerging. In t
Positive selection is limited by available peptide-dependent MHC conformations.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3519-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192007; Stefanski HE; Jameson SC; Hogquist KA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota,; Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.; Recent data suggest that the diversity of self peptides presented in the thymus during development contributes to positive selection of a diverse T cell repertoire. We sought to determine whether a previously defined hole in the immunological repertoire could be explained by the absence of an appropriate selecting s
The role of B7 costimulation in CD4/CD8 T cell homeostasis.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3543-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192010; Yu X; Fournier S; Allison JP; Sharpe AH; Hodes RJ; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, and; National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. yux@intra.nei.nih.gov; The effect of B7-mediated costimulation on T cell homeostasis was examined in studies of B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) transgenic as well as B7-deficient mice. B7 overexpression in transgenic mice resulted in marked polyclonal peripheral T cell hyperplasia accompanied by skewing toward an increased proportion of CD8 sin
Polarization of naive CD4+ T cells toward the Th1 subset by CTLA-4 costimulation.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3554-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192011; Kato T; Nariuchi H; Department of Allergology, Institute of Medical Science,; University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. kato-tak@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp; In this study, we examined in vitro the role of CTLA-4 costimulation in the polarization of naive CD4+ T cells toward the Th1 subset. When CTLA-4 costimulation was blocked by the inclusion of anti-CTLA-4 Fab in cultures during priming of naive CD4+ T cells with anti-CD3 in the presence of splenic adherent cells, they
IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-beta from an altered peptide ligand-specific Th2 cell clone down-regulate adoptive transfer of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3563-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192012; Young DA; Lowe LD; Booth SS; Whitters MJ; Nicholson L; Kuchroo VK; Collins M; Genetics Institute, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA. dyoung@genetics.com; Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is induced in the SJL/J mouse by adoptive transfer of activated proteolipid protein peptide (PLP) 139-151-specific Th1 cells. T cells responding to altered peptide ligands (APL) of PLP, previously shown to induce Th2 differentiation and regulate disease in PLP-immunized
Crucial role of TNF-alpha in CD8 T cell-mediated elimination of 3LL-A9 Lewis lung carcinoma cells in vivo.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3645-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192022; Prevost-Blondel A; Roth E; Rosenthal FM; Pircher H; Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of; Immunology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.; The role of perforin, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha in anti-tumor CD8 T cell immunity was examined in a new tumor model using a CD8 T cell epitope (GP33) derived from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus as a tumor-associated Ag. In contrast with parental 3LL-A9 (A9) Lewis lung carcinoma cells that progressively grow in C57B
Neonatal administration of IL-12 enhances the protective efficacy of antiviral vaccines.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3698-704. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192029; Arulanandam BP; Mittler JN; Lee WT; O'Toole M; Metzger DW; Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical; College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.; Neonates are highly susceptible to infectious agents and are known to display polarized expression of Th2-like cytokines and Abs. This neonatal immune bias has important implications for the development of vaccine strategies, particularly against viral infections. We now report that coadministration of IL-12 and an in
Direct visualization of cytokine-producing recall antigen-specific CD4 memory T cells in healthy individuals and HIV patients.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3723-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192032; Helms T; Boehm BO; Asaad RJ; Trezza RP; Lehmann PV; Tary-Lehmann M; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University,; Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.; We have used computer-assisted cytokine ELISA spot analysis to measure the frequencies, the type of cytokine, and the amount of cytokine produced by individual recall Ag-specific CD4 memory cells in freshly isolated blood. We studied the memory cells specific for tetanus toxoid and purified protein derivative in 18 he
Tumor-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes from cancer patients are required for optimal induction of cytotoxic T cells against the autologous tumor.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192054; Baxevanis CN; Voutsas IF; Tsitsilonis OE; Gritzapis AD; Sotiriadou R; Papamichail M; This study focuses on the specific CD4+ T cell requirement for optimal induction of cytotoxicity against MHC class II negative autologous tumors (AuTu) collected from patients with various types of cancer at advanced stages. CD4+ T cells were induced in cultures of cancer patients malignant effusion-associated mononu
Identification of a CD8 T cell that can independently mediate autoimmune diabetes development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3913-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192055; Graser RT; DiLorenzo TP; Wang F; Christianson GJ; Chapman HD; Roopenian DC; Nathenson SG; Serreze DV; The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.; Previous work has indicated that an important component for the initiation of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the NOD mouse model entails MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell responses against pancreatic beta cell Ags. However, unless previously activated in vitro, such CD8 T cells have previousl
Detection of T cell receptor circles (TRECs) as biomarkers for de novo T cell synthesis using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA).: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192073; Al-Harthi L; Marchetti G; Steffens CM; Poulin J; Sekaly R; Landay A; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush Presbyterian St.; Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Rm. 1577 JSC,; Chicago, IL 60612, USA. lalharth@rush.edu; Currently, phenotypic markers that distinguish between recent thymic emigrants/de novo T cells and the rest of the peripheral T cell pool are lacking. This distinction is critical in studies aimed at evaluating immune reconstitution following intensive chemotherapy, in immunodeficiency-related therapies, or in the elu
Direct-to-consumer prescription drug advertising, 1989-1998. A content analysis of conditions, targets, inducements, and appeals.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239110
Common antiviral agents used in women's and children's care, part 2.: J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2000 Mar-Apr;29(2):191-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20212723; Burpo RH; Parkland School of Nurse-Midwifery of the Parkland Health and; Hospital System in Dallas, Texas 75235, USA.; Antiviral agents that act in the later phases of the viral reproductive cycle are used primarily against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Combination therapy for HIV with drugs from different categories is more effective than monodrug therapy in slowing disease progression and improving survival. Antiviral treatmen
Effect of vitamin A therapy on serologic responses and viral load changes after influenza vaccination in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.: J Pediatr. 2000 Apr;136(4):550-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216985; Hanekom WA; Yogev R; Heald LM; Edwards KM; Hussey GD; Chadwick EG; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, IL, USA.; Vitamin A administered to children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus before influenza vaccination in a double-blind randomized study did not enhance vaccine serologic responses but did dampen the increase in the human immunodeficiency virus viral load 14 days after immunization (vitamin A, decrease of 0.1
Paronychia in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus infection [letter]: J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2000 Feb;90(2):98-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20163083; Sibel S; Macher A; Goosby E
A simple and rapid technique for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in HIV-associated oral hairy leukoplakia biopsies.: J Oral Pathol Med. 2000 Mar;29(3):118-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20201517; Mabruk MJ; Antonio M; Flint SR; Coleman DC; Toner M; Kay E; Leader M; Atkins GJ; Department of Pathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and; Beaumont Hospital, Dublin.; A method of generating nucleic acid probes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-DNA by in situ hybridization in oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) lesions is described. This method has the advantage over older methods of being cheaper, quicker and retaining sensitivity and specifi
The crystal structure of thymidylate synthase from Pneumocystis carinii reveals a fungal insert important for drug design.: J Mol Biol. 2000 Mar 31;297(3):645-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PDB/1C17; Anderson AC; Perry KM; Freymann DM; Stroud RM; Department of Biochemistry, University of California at San; Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Thymidylate synthase from Pneumocystis carinii (PcTS) is an especially important drug target, since P. carinii is a fungus that causes opportunistic pneumonia infections in immune-compromised patients and is among the leading causes of death of AIDS patients. Thymidylate synthase (TS) is the sole enzyme responsible fo
The major HIV-1 packaging signal is an extended bulged stem loop whose structure is altered on interaction with the Gag polyprotein.: J Mol Biol. 2000 Apr 7;297(4):877-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20202370; Zeffmandagger A; Hassarddagger S; Varani G; Lever A; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2; 2QH, United Kingdom.; The major packaging signal of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA has been localised to the region 3 to the major splice donor within the leader sequence. Secondary structural studies for this region of the HIV-1 genome have shown the existence of a stem-loop structure capped by a purine-rich tetraloop. E
Concurrent neutral evolution of mRNA secondary structures and encoded proteins.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219317; Konecny J; Schoniger M; Hofacker I; Weitze MD; Hofacker GL; Messenger RNA sequences often have to preserve functional secondary structure elements in addition to coding for proteins. We present a statistical analysis of retroviral mRNA which
The case against anergy testing as a routine adjunct to tuberculin skin testing.: JAMA. 2000 Apr 19;283(15):2003-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248531; Slovis BS; Plitman JD; Haas DW; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,; Nashville, Tenn, USA.; Although anergy testing is commonly used to help interpret negative tuberculin skin test results, the validity of this approach has not been demonstrated. Specific issues include lack of a standardized protocol for antigen selection, number needed to reliably evaluate inability to respond, and uniform criteria for def
Evidence against a direct cytotoxic effect of alpha interferon and zidovudine in HTLV-I associated adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma.: Leukemia. 2000 Apr;14(4):716-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20225230; Bazarbachi A; Nasr R; El-Sabban ME; Mahe A; Mahieux R; Gessain A; Darwiche N; Dbaibo G; Kersual J; Zermati Y; Dianoux L; Chelbi-Alix MK; de The H; Hermine O; Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut,; Lebanon.; The combination of the anti-viral agents, zidovudine ( AZT ) and interferon-alpha (IFN), is a potent treatment of HTLV-I-associated adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). In this study we investigate the possible mechanism of action of this combination b
Treatment guidelines for HIV-associated wasting.: Mayo Clin Proc. 2000 Apr;75(4):386-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224560; Nemechek PM; Polsky B; Gottlieb MS; Nemechek Health Renewal, Prairie Village, Kan. 66208, USA.; Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) often suffer from weight loss manifested by a loss of body cell mass (BCM). The causes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated wasting may include anorexia, malabsorption, and a variety of altered metabolic states. Malabsorption and diarrhea may result f
[HIV infection, quality of life and protease inhibitors (letter; comment)]: Med Clin (Barc). 2000 Feb 12;114(5):196. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20203214; Martinez Gonzalez J; Garcia Ordonez MA; Sanchez Simonet MV; Juarez Fernandez C
An unusual case of retinitis.: Lancet. 2000 Mar 18;355(9208):984. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20228925; Young S; Bom S; Lightman S; Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology; and Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.; stephanie.young@ucl.ac.uk
Aetiology, outcome, and risk factors for mortality among adults with acute pneumonia in Kenya.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231074; Scott JA; Hall AJ; Muyodi C; Lowe B; Ross M; Chohan B; Mandaliya K; Getambu E; Gleeson F; Drobniewski F
Warsaw conference on emerging infections in central and eastern Europe [news]: Lancet. 2000 Apr 8;355(9211):1246. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231083; Balinska MA
A regional task force on traditional medicine and AIDS.: Lancet. 2000 Apr 8;355(9211):1284. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231108; Bodeker G; Kabatesi D; King R; Homsy J; Green College, University of Oxford, UK.
[Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels in HIV infected children]: Medicina (B Aires). 1999;59(4):351-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215659; Gaddi E; Balbaryski J; Cantisano C; Barboni G; Candi M; Giraudi V; Departamento de Medicina, Hospital General de Ninos Dr. Pedro de; Elizalde, Buenos Aires, Argentina. vgiraudi@intramed.net.ar; Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a membrane bound molecule that is involved in cell to cell adhesive interactions within the immune system. The aim of this study was to measure the concentrations of soluble ICAM-1 (s-ICAM-1) in 25 HIV-1 infected pediatric patients. We compared s-ICAM-1 values to parameter
In vivo down regulation of HIV replication after hepatitis C superinfection.: Medicina (B Aires). 1999;59(4):364-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215661; Flichman D; Cello J; Castano G; Campos R; Sookoian S; Facultad de Farmacia & Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires,; Argentina.; There are increasing molecular and clinical evidences that the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can be modified by coinfection with other viruses. The objective was to investigate the viral interaction between HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) after HCV superinfection. A 16 year-old pregnant woman
[Current status of the treatment of HIV infection]: Medicina (B Aires). 1999;59(4):385-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215666; Suarez CJ; Jahnke N; Montaner JS; Canadian HIV Trial Network, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS,; Vancouver, Canada.; The antiretroviral therapeutic strategy changed in 1996, when the prognostic value of the plasma viral load and the CD4 cell counts were confirmed. Two nucleosides, plus a protease inhibitor or a non-nucleoside, are currently the initial preferred options. Viral resistance, and pharmacokinetic problems, however, have
Antenatal screening for HIV in Australia: time to revise policies? [letter]: Med J Aust. 2000 Feb 21;172(4):188-9; discussion 189-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233559; Garland SM; Duke JE; Woodhouse DR
Antenatal screening for HIV in Australia: time to revise policies? [letter]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233560
[New classes of drug for treating HIV infections (news)]: Med Monatsschr Pharm. 2000 Mar;23(3):100-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254508
Testing for polyomavirus type BK DNA in plasma to identify renal-allograft recipients with viral nephropathy [see comments]: N Engl J Med. 2000 May 4;342(18):1309-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239517; Nickeleit V; Klimkait T; Binet IF; Dalquen P; Del Zenero V; Thiel G; Mihatsch MJ; Hirsch HH; Institute for Pathology, University of Basel, Switzerland.; BACKGROUND: Reactivation of polyomavirus type BK (BK virus) is increasingly recognized as a cause of severe renal-allograft dysfunction. Currently, patients at risk for nephropathy due to infection with the BK virus are identified by the presence of cells containing viral inclusion bodies ( decoy cells ) in the urine
Therapeutic dilemma: the use of anticonvulsants in HIV-positive individuals.: Neurology. 2000 Apr 11;54(7):1404-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215040; Romanelli F; Jennings HR; Nath A; Ryan M; Berger J; University of Kentucky Medical Center and College of Pharmacy,; Lexington, KY 40536, USA.; ARTICLE ABSTRACT: The concurrent use of anticonvulsants and antiretrovirals is a poorly studied area that poses a therapeutic dilemma for the clinician caring for HIV-positive patients requiring both classes of medications. Anticonvulsants and antiretrovirals may interact through multiple mechanisms including competit
Encephalomyelitis-associated antimyelin autoreactivity induced by streptococcal exotoxins.: Neurology. 2000 Apr 11;54(7):1433-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215046; Jorens PG; VanderBorght A; Ceulemans B; Van Bever HP; Bossaert LL; Ieven M; Goossens H; Parizel PM; Van Dijk H; Raus J; Stinissen P; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of; Antwerp, Belgium. philippe.jorens@uza.uia.ac.be; OBJECTIVE: After implicating Streptococcus pyogenes as causing acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in a child, we wanted to prove that in vivo activation of autoreactive T lymphocytes by superantigens of this Streptococcus contributed to the dramatic demyelination. BACKGROUND: ADEM is a demyelinating disorder
The role of somatosensory evoked potentials in the diagnosis of AIDS-associated myelopathy.: Neurology. 2000 Apr 11;54(7):1477-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215055; Tagliati M; Di Rocco A; Danisi F; Simpson DM; Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurophysiology, The Mount; Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA.; mtagliat@bethisraelny.org; BACKGROUND: Although AIDS-associated vacuolar myelopathy is detected in >50% of autopsy cases, it is often unrecognized during life. The clinical assessment is often difficult because of concurrent peripheral neuropathy and lack of specific diagnostic markers. Somatos
Detection of N-H...N hydrogen bonding in RNA via scalar couplings in the absence of observable imino proton resonances.: Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Apr 1;28(7):1585-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20175723; Hennig M; Williamson JR; Department of Molecular Biology and The Skaggs Institute of; Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA; 92037, USA.; Hydrogen bond networks stabilize RNA secondary and tertiary structure and are thus essentially important for protein recognition. During structure refinements using either NMR or X-ray techniques, hydrogen bonds were usually inferred indirectly from the proximity of donor and acceptor functional groups. Recently, quan
Initiation of translation by non-AUG codons in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I mRNA encoding both Rex and Tax regulatory proteins.: Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Apr 1;28(7):1625-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20175727; Corcelette S; Masse T; Madjar JJ; Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U 369,; Faculte de Medecine Lyon-RTH Laennec, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin,; 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.; Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) double-spliced mRNA exhibits two GUG and two CUG codons upstream to, and in frame with, the sequences encoding Rex and Tax regulatory proteins, respectively. To verify whether these GUG and CUG codons could be used as additional initiation codons of translation, two chim
Death of a nation: the AIDS crisis in Zimbabwe.: Pharos. 2000 Winter;63(1):12-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215807; Kasambira TS; Tufts University School of Medicine, USA. tkasambi@opal.tufts.edu
Resilience factors associated with adaptation to HIV disease.: Psychosomatics. 2000 Mar-Apr;41(2):140-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20221905; Farber EW; Schwartz JA; Schaper PE; Moonen DJ; McDaniel JS; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory; University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.; efarber@emory.edu; This study examines the hardiness dimensions of commitment, challenge, and control as resilience factors in adaptation among persons with symptomatic HIV disease and AIDS. Two hundred participants completed self-report questionnaires measuring hardiness, psychological distress, quality of life, and core personal belie
An evaluation of a self-generated identification code.: Res Nurs Health. 2000 Apr;23(2):167-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242969; DiIorio C; Soet JE; Van Marter D; Woodring TM; Dudley WN; Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins; School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322,; USA.; We describe a self-generated coding form used in a study of HIV prevention practices of college students and provide information on the success rate of matching questionnaires over a 3-year period using the form. The data for this study were from a longitudinal study of HIV risk-reduction practices of college students
[AIDS and school: proposal for institutional and interdisciplinary prevention]: Rev Bras Enferm. 1998 Apr-Jun;51(2):245-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238598; Carvalho R de O; Depto de Enfermagem Medico-Cirurgica da Faculdade de Enfermagem; da UERJ.; The project AIDS and School emerges as an institutional and interdisciplinary new proposal for HIV/AIDS combat. In 1992, Rio de Janeiro State University represented by Social Work and Nursing Faculties and by Adolescent Health Studies Nucleus and Education and Health State Secretaries and yet Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (
Preferential recruitment of phagocytes into the lung of patients with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and tuberculosis.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20176941; Werneck-Barroso E; Bonecini-de-Almeida MD; Vieira MA; Carvalho CE; Teixeira AK; Kritski AL; Ho JL; Limited data are available on the cellular and immunocytological characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The immune host response against tuberculosis in early HIV-infection may differ from that in later
[The morphopathological aspects at autopsy of HIV infection in children]: Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 1997 Jan-Jun;101(1-2):147-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220243; Caruntu ID; Mihaila D; Danciu M; Catedra de Histologie, Facultatea de Medicina, Universitatea de; Medicina si Farmacie Gr. T. Popa, Iasi.; Aspects of HIV infection and AIDS in childhood have been reported since 1982. Pathological features are due to direct action of HIV, opportunistic infection and some tumoral processes. This report presents our own experience resulted from 27 cases of necropsy of patients diagnosed with AIDS or seropositive for HIV. Em
Infectious diseases in rugby players: incidence, treatment and prevention.: Sports Med. 2000 Mar;29(3):211-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20201876; Stacey A; Atkins B; Microbiology Department, Royal Berkshire and Battle Hospitals NHS; Trust, Reading, England. astacey@phls.nhs.uk; Participation in rugby football can expose individuals to a variety of infectious diseases both on and off the field of play. The close physical contact and trauma inherent in playing rugby facilitates the transmission of viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens between players and may also lead to the acquisition of pot
[Pulmonary pneumocystosis in an HIV-infected subject. Diagnosis, development, treatment and prevention]: Rev Prat. 2000 Jan 15;50(2):217-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20201336; Beaucaire G; Service de reanimation, CH hopital Gustave-Dron, Tourcoing.
Psychosocial skills training for schizophrenia: lessons from the laboratory.: Schizophr Bull. 2000;26(1):21-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216444; Heinssen RK; Liberman RP; Kopelowicz A; Adherence and Behavior Change Research Program, Division of; Mental Disorders, Behavioral Research, and AIDS, National; Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9615, USA.; rheinsse@mail.nih.gov; A large body of research supports the efficacy of psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia, particularly learning-based therapies. The Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team recommended that cognitive-behavioral therapies be used in schizophrenia, and skills training was included in the practice guideline for t
HIV-associated dementia [letter; comment]: Science. 2000 Apr 21;288(5465):440-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256118; Major EO; Rausch D; Marra C; Clifford D
South Africa. AIDS researchers decry Mbeki's views on HIV [news]: Science. 2000 Apr 28;288(5466):590-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256129; Cohen J
Gene therapy of human severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-X1 disease [see comments]: Science. 2000 Apr 28;288(5466):669-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20247435; Cavazzana-Calvo M; Hacein-Bey S; de Saint Basile G; Gross F; Yvon E; Nusbaum P; Selz F; Hue C; Certain S; Casanova JL; Bousso P; Deist FL; Fischer A; INSERM Unit 429, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cell Therapy; Laboratory, Unite d'Immunologie et d'Hematologie Pediatriques,; Hopital Necker, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France.; Severe combined immunodeficiency-X1 (SCID-X1) is an X-linked inherited disorder characterized by an early block in T and natural killer (NK) lymphocyte differentiation. This block is caused by mutations of the gene encoding the gammac cytokine receptor subunit of interleukin-2, -4, -7, -9, and -15 receptors, which par
Control of homeostasis of CD8+ memory T cells by opposing cytokines.: Science. 2000 Apr 28;288(5466):675-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20247437; Ku CC; Murakami M; Sakamoto A; Kappler J; Marrack P; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, National; Jewish Medical and Research Center, University of Colorado Health; Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80206, USA.; Memory T cells maintain their numbers for long periods after antigen exposure. Here we show that CD8+ T cells of memory phenotype divide slowly in animals. This division requires interleukin-15 and is markedly increased by inhibition of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ). Therefore,
Mature dendritic cells induce T-helper type-1-dominant immune responses in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.: Urol Int. 2000;63(3):151-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204355; Rieser C; Ramoner R; Holtl L; Rogatsch H; Papesh C; Stenzl A; Bartsch G; Thurnher M; Department of Urology, University of Innsbruck, Austria.; We performed a pilot study on a dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine in 4 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. The vaccine consisted of cultured blood DCs loaded with autologous tumor cell lysate plus keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and matured with a combination of tumor necrosis factor alpha and prostaglandin E
Effect of bovine leukaemia virus on embryonic development and association with in vitro fertilised embryos.: Vet Rec. 2000 Feb 26;146(9):255-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20199557; Bielanski A; Maxwell P; Simard C; Animal Disease Research Institute, Germplasm Centre of Expertise,; Nepean, Ontario, Canada.
Hearing problems in Mexican American elderly.: Am J Otol. 2000 Mar;21(2):168-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20195317; Davanipour Z; Lu NM; Lichtenstein M; Markides KS; House Ear Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate hearing problems in a sample of elderly Mexican Americans. STUDY DESIGN: A longitudinal field study of a cohort of 3,050 subjects with in-person baseline and a 2-year follow-up. Population-based, cross-sectional, weighted data were analyzed. SETTINGS AND SUBJECTS: Hispanic Established Populat
Irreversible sensorineural hearing loss as a result of azithromycin ototoxicity. A case report.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239172; Ress BD
Case reports of nocardiosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.: Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2000 Jan;29(1):119-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20212468; Lee CC; Loo LW; Lam MS; Department of Infectious Disease, Tan Tock Seng Hospital,; Singapore.; INTRODUCTION: We present 4 local cases of nocardiosis in HIV-infected patients and discuss the diagnosis, clinical syndromes and therapy of nocardiosis. CLINICAL PICTURE: Two cases presented with pulmonary nocardiosis, one had a cervical lymph node abscess and one had disseminated nocardiosis with pulmonary, cerebral
Pharmacologic characteristics of indinavir, didanosine, and stavudine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children receiving combination therapy.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Apr;44(4):1029-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187166; Fletcher CV; Brundage RC; Remmel RP; Page LM; Weller D; Calles NR; Simon C; Kline MW; University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis, MN; 55455, USA. fletc0012tc.umn.edu; The use of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors in children has lagged behind that in adults because of the lack of suitable pediatric formulations and information on safe and effective dosing regimens. This study was designed to obtain pharmacokin
Single-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of the oral antiviral compound adefovir dipivoxil in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The Pediatrics AIDS Clinical Trials Group.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Apr;44(4):1041-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187168; Hughes WT; Shenep JL; Rodman JH; Fridland A; Willoughby R; Blanchard S; Purdue L; Coakley DF; Cundy KC; Culnane M; Zimmer B; Burchett S; Read JS; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-2794,; USA. walter.hughes@stjude.org; The acyclic phosphonate analog adefovir is a potent inhibitor of retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, and, unlike some antiviral nucleosides, does not require the initial phosphorylation step for its activity. Two oral dosages of the adefovir prodrug adefovir dipivoxil were evaluated in a
The triple combination indinavir-zidovudine-lamivudine is highly synergistic.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Apr;44(4):1051-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187170; Snyder S; D'Argenio DZ; Weislow O; Bilello JA; Drusano GL; SRA Life Sciences, Rockville, Maryland.; Administration of the combination of indinavir-zidovudine-lamivudine has been demonstrated to cause a large fraction of treated patients to have a decline in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) copy number to below the detectability of sensitive assays. A recent investigation (G. L. Drusano, J. A. Bilello, D.
Single-dose pharmacokinetics of amprenavir, a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, in subjects with normal or impaired hepatic function.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Apr;44(4):821-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187135; Veronese L; Rautaureau J; Sadler BM; Gillotin C; Petite JP; Pillegand B; Delvaux M; Masliah C; Fosse S; Lou Y; Stein DS; Laboratoire Glaxo Wellcome, 78163 Marly-le-Roi, France.; lv48262@glaxowellcome.co.uk; Amprenavir (141W94) is extensively metabolized by P450 cytochromes, specifically, CYP3A4. Because hepatic insufficiency reduces P450-mediated metabolism, the concentrations in plasma of drugs metabolized through this pathway are often increased in sub
Intracellular metabolism of beta-L-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine: relevance to its limited antiviral activity.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Apr;44(4):853-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187140; Placidi L; Cretton-Scott E; Gosselin G; Pierra C; Schinazi RF; Imbach JL; el Kouni MH; Sommadossi JP; Department of Pharmacology, University of Alabama at Birmingham,; Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.; The intracellular metabolism of the beta-L- enantiomer of 2 , 3 -dideoxyadenosine (beta-L-ddA) was investigated in HepG2 cells, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and primary cultured human hepatocytes in an effort to understand the metabolic basis of its limited activity on the replication of human immu
A novel phenotypic drug susceptibility assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Apr;44(4):920-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187151; Petropoulos CJ; Parkin NT; Limoli KL; Lie YS; Wrin T; Huang W; Tian H; Smith D; Winslow GA; Capon DJ; Whitcomb JM; ViroLogic, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.; cpetropoulos@virologic.com; Although combination antiretroviral therapy has resulted in a considerable improvement in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) infection, the emergence of resistant virus is a significant obstacle to the effective management of HIV infection and AIDS. We have developed a novel phenotypic
Pharmacokinetic interaction between amprenavir and clarithromycin in healthy male volunteers.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Apr;44(4):978-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187159; Brophy DF; Israel DS; Pastor A; Gillotin C; Chittick GE; Symonds WT; Lou Y; Sadler BM; Polk RE; Schools of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University/Medical; College of Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23298-0533, USA.; The P450 enzyme, CYP3A4, extensively metabolizes both amprenavir and clarithromycin. To determine if an interaction exists when these two drugs are coadministered, the pharmacokinetics of amprenavir and clarithromycin were investigated in healthy adult male volunteers. This was a Phase I, open-label, randomized, balan
Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of HIV-positive patients in different stages of the disease.: Arq Bras Cardiol. 1999 Aug;73(2):157-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215645; Werneck GL; Mesquita ET; Romeo Filho LJ; Ribeiro ML; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate by Doppler echocardiography (DE) early abnormalities of ventricular function in HIV-positive patients, as well as other cardiac abnormalities that can be detected by this method, with special emphasis on mitral valve flow. METHODS: 84 HIV-positive patients, 59 with CD4 cell count > 500/mm3 (Grou
Cardiac abnormalities in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective study with a clinical-pathological correlation in twenty-one adult patients.: Arq Bras Cardiol. 1999 Sep;73(3):281-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20215627; Herdy GV; Herdy AH; Almeida PS; de Carvalho R; Azevedo FB; Azevedo K; Vasconcelos MC; Paiva R; Tchou HY; Nascimento P; Cosendey R; Ferrari A; Lopes VS; Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro, UFF, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cardiac abnormalities and their evolution during the course of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, as well as to correlate clinical and pathological data. METHODS: Twenty-one patients, admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, were prospectively s
Nuclear targeting of the beta isoform of type II phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase (phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase) by its alpha-helix 7.: Biochem J. 2000 Mar 15;346 Pt 3:587-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20164040; Ciruela A; Hinchliffe KA; Divecha N; Irvine RF; Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court; Road, Cambridge CB2 1QJ, U.K.; Type II phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases (PIPkins) have recently been found to be primarily phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases, and their physiological role remains unclear. We have previously shown that a Type II PIPkin [isoform(s) unknown], is localized partly in the nucleus [Divecha, Rhee, Letcher and
A salt bridge between an N-terminal coiled coil of gp41 and an antiviral agent targeted to the gp41 core is important for anti-HIV-1 activity.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 2;270(1):153-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200110; Jiang S; Debnath AK; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center,; 310 East 67th Street, New York, New York 10021, USA.; sjiang@nybc.org; HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein transmembrane subunit gp41 play a critical role in the fusion of viral and target cell membranes. The gp41 C-terminal heptad repeat region interacts with the N-terminal coiled-coil region to form a six-stranded core structure. Peptides derived from gp41 C-terminal heptad repeat region (C-pe
Viral interferon regulatory factor 1 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) binds to, and inhibits transactivation of, CREB-binding protein.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 2;270(1):23-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200089; Seo T; Lee D; Lee B; Chung JH; Choe J; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of; Science and Technology, Taejon, 305-701, Korea.; Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) contains many cellular homologue genes. The K9 open reading frame (ORF) of KSHV encodes a virus-encoded interferon regulatory factor (vIRF) which functions as a repressor for cellular interferon-mediated signal transduction, and as an oncogene to induce cell growth transf
Engineering of a mini-trichosanthin that has lower antigenicity by deleting its C-terminal amino acid residues.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 2;270(1):279-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20200130; Chan SH; Shaw PC; Mulot SF; Xu LH; Chan WL; Tam SC; Wong KB; Department of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology, Chinese; University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.; Trichosanthin is a ribosome-inactivating protein that possesses antitumor and antiviral activities. Clinical trials of trichosanthin on AIDS patients, however, elicit anaphylactic reactions. To reduce the antigenicity of trichosanthin as a drug while preserving its biological activity, the C-terminal domain (residues
Advances in immunopharmacology of asthma.: Biochem Pharmacol. 2000 Jun 1;59(11):1323-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20216656; Wong WS; Koh DS; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National; University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore. phcwongf@nus.edu.sg; Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and recurrent reversible airway obstruction. As there appears to be a preponderance of T-helper 2 (Th2) cells over Th1 cells in asthma, more attention has been focused on the role of Th2-derived cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 an
[Mechanism of aspartyl proteinase action. VII. Noncovalent complexes of HIV-1 aspartyl proteinase with substrate and substrate-like inhibitors]: Bioorg Khim. 1999 Dec;25(12):911-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20198726; Popov ME; Kashparov IV; Rumsh LD; Popov EM; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian; Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. popov@enzyme.siobc.ras.ru; A computer model of a noncovalent complex of HIV-1 aspartyl protease with substrate-like inhibitor JG-365 was a priori constructed by using the approaches of theoretical conformational analysis and molecular mechanics. The root mean square deviation of the calculated conformation of the inhibitor from the X-ray diffra
Comparison of monocyte functions after LPS- or IL-10-induced reorientation: importance in clinical immunoparalysis.: Pathobiology. 1999;67(5-6):253-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191597; Wolk K; Docke W; von Baehr V; Volk H; Sabat R; Institute of Medical Immunology, Medical School Charite,; Humboldt University Berlin, Germany.; Immunoparalysis is an acquired immunodeficiency which may occur in patients after major surgery, burns, polytrauma and sepsis. It is associated with a modified state of monocytes marked by their altered capacity to induce antigen-specific T cell stimulation and to release various cytokines. However, the pathogenesis o
The regulatory role of the antigen-presenting cell in the development of hepatic immunopathology during infection with Schistosoma mansoni.: Pathobiology. 1999;67(5-6):269-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191601; Stadecker MJ; Department of Pathology, Tufts University School of Medicine,; Boston, Mass., USA.; A recent meeting held in Berlin (2nd Teupitz Colloquium) focused on the striking ability of mononuclear phagocytes to either stimulate or inhibit a variety of immune and immunopathological responses, and ascribed a distinctive phenotype to the antigen-presenting cells (APC) when exercising these opposite functions. Th
Balanced macrophage activation hypothesis: a biological model for development of drugs targeted at macrophage functional states.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191603; McGrath MS; Kodelja V; Macrophages play a central role in the immune response and are major targets for chronic infection with viruses such as HIV. Recent studies on macrophage differentiation have shown the existence of classical activation and the counter-balancing anti-inflammatory alternative activation states. In the balanced macropha
M-DC8+ leukocytes--a novel human dendritic cell population.: Pathobiology. 1999;67(5-6):287-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191605; Schakel K; Poppe C; Mayer E; Federle C; Riethmuller G; Rieber EP; Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Dresden,; Germany.; Dendritic cells (DC) constitute a heterogeneous leukocyte population having in common a unique capacity to induce primary T cell responses and are therefore most attractive candidates for immunomodulatory strategies. Two populations of blood DC (CD11c+ CD123(dim) and CD11c- CD123(high)) have been defined so far. Howev
Contact tolerance.: Pathobiology. 1999;67(5-6):311-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191611; Steinbrink K; Pior J; Vogl T; Sorg C; Macher E; Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Munster,; Germany.; Contact tolerance describes an immunological state which is caused by ordinary contact allergens painted in doses too low to sensitize, either once or repeatedly, onto healthy intact skin. The tolerance state accomplished by this means in BALB/c and C57BI/6 mice was found to be mediated by hapten-specific T cells that
Prenatal care applications [letter]: J Paediatr Child Health. 2000 Apr;36(2):198. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260516; Best R; Smith D
HIV/AIDS situation, WHO Western Pacific region, 1998.: Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2000 Apr 7;75(14):110-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20247848
Resistance of Candida species to antifungal agents used in the treatment of onychomycosis: a review of current problems.: Br J Dermatol. 1999 Nov;141 Suppl 56:33-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20193178; Evans EG; Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, UK.; e.g.v.evans@leeds.ac.uk; Treatment of Candida infections with fluconazole has resulted in the emergence of drug resistance, a problem particularly apparent in HIV-infected patients. Frequently, the yeast is also cross-resistant to itraconazole and other azoles. In neutropenic patients fluconazole therapy or prophylaxis has caused overgrowth a
Calorie restriction modulates Th-1 and Th-2 cytokine-induced immunoglobulin secretion in young and old C57BL/6 cultured submandibular glands.: Aging (Milano). 1999 Dec;11(6):383-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20201411; Jolly CA; Fernandez R; Muthukumar AR; Fernandes G; Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science; Center at San Antonio, 78284-7874, USA.; Immunoglobulin production by the salivary gland plays an important role in oral and upper respiratory tract immunity. Age and/or disease may compromise salivary gland function. In order to gain insight into the role of calorie restriction (CR) on immunoglobulin (Ig) production, we determined the effect of ad libitum (
In vitro metabolism of trazodone by CYP3A: inhibition by ketoconazole and human immunodeficiency viral protease inhibitors.: Biol Psychiatry. 2000 Apr 1;47(7):655-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211195; Zalma A; von Moltke LL; Granda BW; Harmatz JS; Shader RI; Greenblatt DJ; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts; University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.; BACKGROUND: Pharmacologic treatment of emotional disorders in HIV-infected patients can be more easily optimized by understanding of potential interactions of psychotropic drugs with medications used to treat HIV infection and its sequelae. METHODS: Biotransformation of the antidepressant trazodone to its principal me
Introduction: TH2-inducing DC2 for immunotherapy [comment]: Blood. 2000 Apr 15;95(8):2482-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20218728; Liu YJ; Blom B; Department of Immunobiology, DNAX Research Institute of Molecular; and Cellular Biology, 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94306,; USA.
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor mobilizes T helper 2-inducing dendritic cells [see comments]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20218729; Arpinati M; Green CL; Heimfeld S; Heuser JE; Anasetti C; Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) obtained from granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized donors are increasingly used for allogeneic transplantation. Despite a 10-fold higher dose of transplanted T cells, acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) does not develop in higher proportion in recipients of PBSC
Development of lentiviral vectors for gene therapy for human diseases.: Blood. 2000 Apr 15;95(8):2499-504. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20218731; Buchschacher GL Jr; Wong-Staal F; Division of Hematology/Oncology and the Departments of Medicine; and Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA; 92093-0665, USA. gbuchschacher@ucsd.edu; Retroviral vectors derived from murine retroviruses are being used in several clinical gene therapy trials. Recently, progress has been made in the development of vectors based on the lentivirus genus of retroviruses, which ironically includes a major human pathogen, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As these vector
Expression of biologically active recombinant pokeweed antiviral protein in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris.: Protein Expr Purif. 2000 Mar;18(2):193-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20153322; Rajamohan F; Doumbia SO; Engstrom CR; Pendergras SL; Maher DL; Uckun FM; Biotherapy Program, Hughes Institute, Roseville, Minnesota 55113,; USA. frajamohan@ih.org; Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP)-I from the spring leaves of Phytolacca americana is a naturally occurring RNA-depurinating enzyme with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Interest in PAP is growing due to its use as a potential anti-HIV agent. However, the clinical use of native PAP is limited due to inherent difficul
Knowledge and attitudes toward condom use--do they predict behavior among Filipino Americans?: Ethn Dis. 2000 Winter;10(1):113-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20225207; Maxwell AE; Bastani R; Warda US; UCLA School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer; Center, Los Angeles, California 90095-6900, USA.; amaxwell@ucla.edu; Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 211 Filipino-American adolescents and young adults residing in Los Angeles County to assess AIDS related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. Among both sexually active and never sexually active respondents, HIV knowledge and self-efficacy with respect to condom use were gene
Anti-HIV and anti-tumor protein MAP30, a 30 kDa single-strand type-I RIP, shares similar secondary structure and beta-sheet topology with the A chain of ricin, a type-II RIP.: Protein Sci. 2000 Jan;9(1):138-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20201863; Wang YX; Jacob J; Wingfield PT; Palmer I; Stahl SJ; Kaufman JD; Huang PL; Huang PL; Lee-Huang S; Torchia DA; Molecular Structural Biology Core, National Institute of Dental; and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; MAP30 is a 30 kDa single-stranded, type-I ribosome inactivating protein (RIP) possessing anti-tumor and anti-HIV activities. It binds both ribosomal RNA and the HIV-1 long-terminal repeat DNA. To understand the structural basis for MAP30 activities, we undertook the study of MAP30 by solution NMR spectroscopy. We repo
Isolation of T-cell subsets by magnetic cell sorting (MACS).: Methods Mol Biol. 2000;134:133-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20194447; Stanciu LA; Djukanovic R; Southampton University, Southampton University General Hospital,; England, UK.
Generation of human T helper 1 and T helper 2 subsets from peripheral blood-derived naive CD4+ T cells.: Methods Mol Biol. 2000;134:325-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20194464; Palmer EM; Semnani RT; McRae BL; van Seventer GA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, IL, USA.
Differentiation of mouse thymocytes in fetal thymus organ culture.: Methods Mol Biol. 2000;134:37-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20194439; Takahama Y; University of Tsukuba, PRESTO, TARA Center, Japan.
Human herpes virus 8: a new virus discloses its face.: Virchows Arch. 2000 Mar;436(3):195-206. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242971; Cathomas G; Department of Pathology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.; gieri.cathomas@pty.usz.ch; The human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) or Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) is present in all Kaposi s sarcoma, and the detection of the virus using polymerase chain reaction or in situ hybridization is a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic test for the diagnosis of this neoplasm. HHV8 is furthermore invar
Short- and long-term memory are differentially affected by metabolic inhibitors given into hippocampus and entorhinal cortex.: Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2000 Mar;73(2):141-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20171883; Izquierdo LA; Vianna M; Barros DM; Mello e Souza T; Ardenghi P; Sant' Anna MK; Rodrigues C; Medinam JH; Izquierdo I; Centro de Memoria, Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de; Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003,; Brazil.; Rats were implanted with cannulae in the CA1 area of the dorsal hippocampus or in the entorhinal cortex and trained in one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance. Two retention tests were carried out in each animal, one at 1.5 h to measure short-term memory (STM) and another at 24 h to measure long-term memory (LTM). Th
HIV, hepatitis C and risk behaviour in a Canadian medium-security federal penitentiary. Queen's University HIV Prison Study Group.: QJM. 2000 Feb;93(2):113-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20167369; Ford PM; Pearson M; Sankar-Mistry P; Stevenson T; Bell D; Austin J; Departments of Medicine, Community Health and Epidemiology,; Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.; fordp@post.queensu.ca; In a voluntary anonymous HIV and hepatitis C serology screen in a Canadian male medium security federal penitentiary, 68% of 520 prisoners volunteered a blood sample and 99% of those giving a blood sample completed a risk behaviour questionnaire which was linked numerically to the blood sample. Compared to previous sc
LP-BM5 infection impairs spatial working memory in C57BL/6 mice in the Morris water maze.: Brain Res. 2000 Feb 21;856(1-2):129-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20143546; Lee B; English JA; Paul IA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Mississippi Medical; Center, Box 127, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS, USA.; Previous studies show that the LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus causes an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in C57BL/6 mice (MAIDS) and impairs learning and memory without gross motor impairment. To assess spatial working memory impairment after LP-BM5 infection and the time course of this impairment, we tested mice in a
The interstitial nuclei of the human anterior hypothalamus: an investigation of sexual variation in volume and cell size, number and density.: Brain Res. 2000 Feb 21;856(1-2):254-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20143562; Byne W; Lasco MS; Kemether E; Shinwari A; Edgar MA; Morgello S; Jones LB; Tobet S; Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, NY, USA. byne@mindspring.com; The four interstitial nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus (INAH) have been considered as candidate human nuclei for homology with the much studied sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the rat. Assessment of the INAH for sexual dimorphism has produced discrepant results. This study reports the first syste
Database screening for HIV protease ligands: the influence of binding-site conformation and representation on ligand selectivity.: ISMB. 1999;:242-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248031; Schnecke V; Kuhn LA; Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East; Lansing 48824-1319, USA. volker@sol.bch.msu.edu; Screening for potential ligands and docking them into the binding sites of proteins is one of the main tasks in computer-aided drug design. Despite the progress in computational power, it remains infeasible to model all the factors involved in molecular recognition, especially when screening databases of more than 100
Changes in interferon-gamma production following specific allergen immunotherapy: biology vs methodology [editorial; comment]: Clin Exp Allergy. 2000 Mar;30(3):297-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20156144; Larche M
Allergen-specific production of interferon-gamma by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CD8 T cells in allergic disease and following immunotherapy [see comments]: Clin Exp Allergy. 2000 Mar;30(3):333-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20156151; O'Brien RM; Xu H; Rolland JM; Byron KA; Thomas WR; University of Melbourne Department of Medicine at Western; Hospital Footscray; Victoria, Australia.; BACKGROUND: CD8 T cells are important immunoregulatory cells in animal models of allergic disease, but their role in human allergic immune responses has not been defined. With the development of novel immunotherapeutic reagents, it is clearly important to ascertain whether CD8 T-cell responses are altered following co
T-cell cytokine pattern at three time points during specific immunotherapy for mite-sensitive asthma [see comments]: Clin Exp Allergy. 2000 Mar;30(3):341-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20156152; Majori M; Caminati A; Corradi M; Brianti E; Scarpa S; Pesci A; Istituto di Clinica delle Malattie dell'Apparato Respiratorio; dell'Universita degli Studi; Centro di Allergologia e; Immunologia Clinica dell'Azienda Unita Sanitaria Locale, Parma,; Italy.; BACKGROUNDS: Several lines of evidence indicate that specific immunotherapy may act by modifying the patterns of cytokines produced by helper T cells. However, different protocols have been used and different results obtained. OBJECTIVES: To quantify the effect of specific immunotherapy on the TH1/TH2 T-cell cytokine
The role of costimulatory molecules (B7-1 and B7-2) on: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20156158
When engineered to produce latent TGF-beta1, antigen specific T cells down regulate Th1 cell-mediated autoimmune and Th2 cell-mediated allergic inflammatory processes.: Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2000 Mar-Jun;11(1-2):89-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20175829; Thorbecke GJ; Umetsu DT; deKruyff RH; Hansen G; Chen LZ; Hochwald GM; Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; 10016, USA. thorbj01@mcrcr.med.nyu.edu; To determine whether T cells which produce large amounts of latent TGF-beta1 are capable of down-regulating autoimmune and allergic disease, myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific and ovalbumin (OVA)-specific BALB/c cloned Th1 cells were transduced with cDNA for murine TGF-beta1 by coculture with fibroblasts producing a
Lamivudine, adefovir and tenofovir exhibit long-lasting anti-hepatitis B virus activity in cell culture.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20184050; Ying C; De Clercq E; Neyts J; Laboratory of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Rega; Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven,; Leuven, Belgium.; In this work, we investigated the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of lamivudine, adefovir, tenofovir , penciclovir and lobucavir after short-term (i.e. 24 or 48 h) or continuous (9 days) exposure of the HBV-containing cell line, HepG2 2.2.15, to
[Rapidly progressive myelopathy due to human lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) [letter]: Rev Neurol. 2000 Jan 1-15;30(1):98-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20207410; Carod-Artal FJ; Vazquez-Cabrera C; Servicio de Neurologia, Red Sarah de Hospitales del Aparato; Locomotor, Hospital Sarah-Brasilia, Brasilia DF, Brasil.
CC chemokine receptor-7 on dendritic cells is induced after interaction with apoptotic tumor cells: critical role in migration from the tumor site to draining lymph nodes.: Cancer Res. 2000 Apr 15;60(8):2209-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246358; Hirao M; Onai N; Hiroishi K; Watkins SC; Matsushima K; Robbins PD; Lotze MT; Tahara H; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of; Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.; Dendritic cells (DCs) are very potent antigen-presenting cells and play critical roles in regulating immune responses in cancer. The migrating of DCs from the tumor site to the lymphoid organs is believed to be one of the critical events. To examine this important DC function in tumor situations, bone marrow-derived D
Immune deviation and Fas-mediated deletion limit antitumor activity after multiple dendritic cell vaccinations in mice.: Cancer Res. 2000 Apr 15;60(8):2218-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246359; Ribas A; Butterfield LH; Hu B; Dissette VB; Meng WS; Koh A; Andrews KJ; Lee M; Amar SN; Glaspy JA; McBride WH; Economou JS; Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California at Los; Angeles, 90095, USA.; Genetic immunization with a single injection of dendritic cells (DCs) expressing a model melanoma antigen generates antigen-specific, MHC-restricted, protective immune responses. After initiating the immune response, additional vaccinations may increase the protection or conversely downregulate the immune response. Gr
Difficulties in interpersonal relationships associated with personality disorders and axis I disorders: a community-based longitudinal investigation.: J Personal Disord. 2000 Spring;14(1):42-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20210299; Johnson JG; Rabkin JG; Williams JB; Remien RH; Gorman JM; Columbia University, NY, USA.; A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the association between Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders, interpersonal relationships, and global functioning among men in the community. Structured clinical interviews assessing Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders, global assessments of functioning, and q
[Adverse effects of administration of intravenous human immunoglobulins]: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20210115; Bednarik J; Kadanka Z; Treatment with intravenous human immunoglobulin (IVIG) has become a routine therapeutic method in immunodeficiency states and
[The Th1/Th2 paradigm. The role of the Th1 and Th2 lymphocyte subpopulations in the regulation of immune processes]: Cas Lek Cesk. 1999 Nov 15;138(22):681-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20210121; Koubek K; Spicka I; Filipec M; Ustav hematologie a krevni transfuze, Praha.; A short report on the interaction of Th1 and Th2 lymphocyte subpopulations in the regulation of immune processes is reviewed. Th1 and Th2 subsets have been characterized on the basis of cytokines they secrete and the immune functions they mediate and also on the basis of cytokine and chemokine receptor expression. The
Induction of human cytotoxic T lymphocytes by artificial antigen-presenting cells.: Nat Biotechnol. 2000 Apr;18(4):405-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213619; Latouche JB; Sadelain M; Department of Human Genetics Immunology Program, Memorial; Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.; The adoptive transfer of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is a promising therapeutic approach for a number of diseases. To overcome the difficulty in generating specific CTLs, we established stable artificial antigen-presenting cells (AAPCs) that can be used to stimulate T cells of any patient of a give
Tat peptide-derivatized magnetic nanoparticles allow in vivo tracking and recovery of progenitor cells.: Nat Biotechnol. 2000 Apr;18(4):410-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213620; Lewin M; Carlesso N; Tung CH; Tang XW; Cory D; Scadden DT; Weissleder R; Center of Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General; Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.; The ability to track the distribution and differentiation of progenitor and stem cells by high-resolution in vivo imaging techniques would have significant clinical and research implications. We have developed a cell labeling approach using short HIV-Tat peptides to derivatize superparamagnetic nanoparticles. The part
Progress against AIDS.: Nat Biotechnol. 2000 Apr;18(4):466-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213636; Persidis A; RheoGene, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA. apersidis@rheogene.com
HIV-1 genome nuclear import is mediated by a central DNA flap.: Cell. 2000 Apr 14;101(2):173-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20246505; Zennou V; Petit C; Guetard D; Nerhbass U; Montagnier L; Charneau P; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; HIV-1 and other lentiviruses have the unique property among retroviruses to replicate in nondividing cells. This property relies on the use of a nuclear import pathway enabling the viral DNA to cross the nuclear membrane of the host cell. In HIV-1 reverse transcription, a central strand displacement event consecutive
Vitamin D3 treatment to diminish the levels of immune suppressive CD34+ cells increases the effectiveness of adoptive immunotherapy.: J Immunother. 2000 Jan;23(1):115-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20151760; Wiers KM; Lathers DM; Wright MA; Young MR; Department of Research Services, Hines V.A. Hospital, Illinois; 60141, USA.; Tumor growth can increase the number of immature bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells that exhibit natural suppressor (NS) activity toward T-cell function. Using a metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC-LN7) tumor model, these CD34+ NS cells were shown to be present within the s.c. primary tumor tissue, but their levels decl
Tumorigenicity and immunogenicity of murine tumor cells expressing an MHC class II molecule with a covalently bound antigenic peptide.: J Immunother. 2000 Jan;23(1):36-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20151752; Ladanyi A; Nishimura MI; Rosenberg SA; Yang JC; Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; The significance of CD4+ lymphocytes and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted antigens in antitumor immunity has been demonstrated in several animal models as well as in some human tumors. However, because of the lack of known class II-restricted antigens, the participation of CD4+ cells in antit
Traditional healers and AIDS in Uganda [editorial]: J Altern Complement Med. 2000 Feb;6(1):1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20168746; Green EC
Discrimination in the workplace.: Clin J Oncol Nurs. 1999 Jul;3(3):123-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20154633; Burrage J; Department of Family Nursing, Louisiana State University, Medical; Center, New Orleans, USA.
[Th1-Th2 cytokine correlates (INF-gamma and IL-4) in splenectomized patients]: Chir Ital. 1999 May-Jun;51(3):215-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254237; Miniello S; Jirillo E; Urgesi G; D'Abbicco D; Altamura M; Tomasicchio N; Bonomo GM; Istituto di Chirurgia Generale II, Universita degli Studi di; Bari.; This paper attempts to explain if immunodepression in patients who had undergone a splenectomy may be due to altered balance between Th1-Th2 lymphocyte subpopulations, as shown in several studies on phagocyte and lymphocyte cells. This was achieved by dosing serum levels of IFNg, produced by Th1 lymphocytes and IL-4,
Two simultaneous cases of Cyclospora cayatensis enteritis returning from the Dominican Republic.: J Travel Med. 2000 Jan;7(1):41-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20156962; Green ST; McKendrick MW; Mohsen AH; Schmid ML; Prakasam SF; North Trent Regional Department of Infection & Tropical Medicine,; Royal Hallamshire Hospital, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom.; According to the International Passenger Survey, published in 1996 by the Office of Trading Standards, 534,000 British people traveled to the Caribbean area (personal communication, ABTA, 1998). The Dominican Republic , the eastern
Syndrome of body fat redistribution in HIV-1-infected patients: relationships to cortisol and catecholamines.: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 Aug;51(2):223-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20002376; Renard E; Fabre J; Paris F; Reynes J; Bringer J; The Department of Endocrinology, Lapeyronie Hospital,; Montpellier, France. renard.amtim@wanadoo.fr; OBJECTIVE: Alterations of body fat distribution have been recently reported in HIV-infected patients. We aimed to investigate whether the hormones modulating adipose tissue metabolism could be implicated. SUBJECTS: We investigated twenty-eight HIV-infected patients who had developed abdominal fat, combined with periph
Effects of therapy with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and IL-2 on CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte apoptosis in HIV+ patients.: Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Apr;120(1):101-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224069; Caggiari L; Zanussi S; Bortolin MT; D'andrea M; Nasti G; Simonelli C; Tirelli U; De Paoli P; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Virology and Division; of Medical Oncology and AIDS,Centro di Riferimento Oncologico,; IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.; The kinetics and effects of in vivo spontaneous apoptosis and activation-induced cell death (AICD) upon CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets and CD4 naive cell numbers were studied in HIV+ subjects with CD4 pretreatment values > 200/mm3, who were subsequently treated for 48 weeks with HAART alone or in combination with si
Impact of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) on cytokine production and monocyte subsets in HIV-infected patients.: Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Apr;120(1):107-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224070; Amirayan-Chevillard N; Tissot-Dupont H; Capo C; Brunet C; Dignat-George F; Obadia Y; Gallais H; Mege JL; Unite des Rickettsies, CNRS UPRESA 6020, Faculte de Medecine,; France.; HIV infection is associated with cytokine production by monocytes and expansion of a monocyte subset that expresses high levels of CD16. Our study was designed to investigate the effects of anti-retroviral therapies on these immune parameters. Four groups of HIV+ patients were included in the study. The first group co
Chemokine synthesis and cellular inflammatory changes in lungs of mice bearing p40tax of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1.: Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Apr;120(1):113-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224071; Miyazato A; Kawakami K; Iwakura Y; Saito A; First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.; To elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated lung inflammation, we conducted a histopathological and molecular analysis study using transgenic mice bearing pX region of this virus. In these mice, accumulations of inflammatory cells consisting mainly of lymphocytes wer
Complex pattern of Th1 and Th2 activation with a preferential increase of autoreactive Th1 cells in BALB/c mice with proteoglycan (aggrecan)-induced arthritis.: Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Apr;120(1):167-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224078; Hollo K; Glant TT; Garzo M; Finnegan A; Mikecz K; Buzas E; Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University; Medical School of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.; The central role of CD4+ T cells and the balance between T helper (Th) subpopulations in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases have been extensively studied. Proteoglycan (aggrecan)-induced arthritis (PGIA) is a murine model for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is characterized by a Th1 dominance at the onset of the
Interaction between chronically HIV-infected promonocytic cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells: role of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in viral expression modulation.: Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Apr;120(1):93-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224068; Borghi MO; Panzeri P; Shattock R; Sozzani S; Dobrina A; Meroni PL; Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore di; Milano and IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, University of Milan, Milan,; Italy.; HIV type 1 expression was significantly up-regulated in chronically infected promonocytic cell line (U1) co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Virus replication, evaluated as supernatant p24 release, was higher when U1 were co-cultured with IL-1beta-activated HUVEC than with unstimulated HUV
HIV-1 Nef protein binds to the cellular protein PACS-1 to downregulate class I major histocompatibility complexes.: Nat Cell Biol. 2000 Mar;2(3):163-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20173876; Piguet V; Wan L; Borel C; Mangasarian A; Demaurex N; Thomas G; Trono D; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.; Major-histocompatibility-complex (MHC) proteins are used to display, on the surface of a cell, peptides derived from foreign material - such as a virus - that is infecting that cell. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes then recognize and kill the infected cell. The HIV-1 Nef protein downregulates the cell-surface expression of cl
Health research ethics in Africa [news]: Parasitol Today. 2000 Apr;16(4):136-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192234; Arnot DE; Jepsen S; Kilama W
Evaluation of subchronic (13 weeks) and reproductive toxicity potential of intravaginal gel-microemulsion formulation of a dual-function phenyl phosphate derivative of bromo-methoxy zidovudine (compound WHI-05) in B(6)C(3)F(1) mice.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211366; D'Cruz OJ; Waurzyniak B; Yiv SH; Uckun FM; Department of Reproductive Biology, Drug Discovery Program,; Parker Hughes Institute, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. odcruz@ih.org; Heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) accounts for 90% of all new infections worldwide and significantly contributes to new acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases in the United States . In a systematic effort to develop a microbicidal contraceptive cap
Bacterial pneumonia in hospitalized patients with HIV infection: the Pulmonary Complications, ICU Support, and Prognostic Factors of Hospitalized Patients with HIV (PIP) Study.: Chest. 2000 Apr;117(4):1017-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231586; Afessa B; Green B; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and; Critical Care, University of Florida Health Science Center,; Jacksonville, FL Bafessa@UTMEM1.UTMEM.EDU; STUDY OBJECTIVES: To describe the causative organisms and factors associated with bacterial pneumonia and to assess its impact on the outcome of hospitalized patients with HIV. DESIGN: Prospective, observational. SETTING: A university-affiliated medical center. METHODS: We included 1,225 consecutive hospital admission
Clinical and radiographic predictors of the etiology of pulmonary nodules in HIV-infected patients.: Chest. 2000 Apr;117(4):1023-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231587; Jasmer RM; Edinburgh KJ; Thompson A; Gotway MB; Creasman JM; Webb WR; Huang L; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco; General Hospital Medical Center, and the Department of Medicine,; University of California, San Francisco 94110, USA.; rjasmer@itsa.ucsf.edu; STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the etiology and the clinical and radiographic predictors of the etiology of pulmonary nodules in a group of HIV-infected patients. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: A large urban hospital in San Francisco, CA. PATIENTS: HIV-infected patients evaluated at San Francisco General Hos
Pleural effusion and pneumothorax in hospitalized patients with HIV infection: the Pulmonary Complications, ICU support, and Prognostic Factors of Hospitalized Patients with HIV (PIP) Study.: Chest. 2000 Apr;117(4):1031-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231588; Afessa B; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and; Critical Care, University of Florida Health Science Center,; Jacksonville, FL, USA.; OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence, causes, and impact of pleural effusion and pneumothorax in hospitalized patients with HIV infection. DESIGN: Prospective, observational. SETTING: A university-affiliated medical center. METHODS: During a 3-year period, 599 HIV-infected patients with a total of 1,225 consecutive h
The epidemiologic, pathologic, and clinical features of AIDS-associated pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma.: Chest. 2000 Apr;117(4):1128-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231605; Aboulafia DM; Section of Hematology/Oncology, Virginia Mason Medical Center,; Seattle, WA 98111, USA.; AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) occurs principally in homosexual or bisexual men infected with the newly identified human herpes virus-8, also called KS-associated herpes virus. Unlike classical forms of the disease, AIDS-associated KS is a multicentric entity that frequently involves lymph nodes and the GI tract.
Aspartic protease inhibitors. An integrated approach for the design andsynthesis of diaminodiol-based peptidomimetics.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20177697; Tossi A; Bonin I; Antcheva N; Norbedo S; Benedetti F; Miertus S; Nair AC; Maliar T; Dal Bello F; Palu G; Romeo D; Aspartic proteases play key roles in a variety of pathologies, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Peptidomimetic inhibitors can act as drugs to combat these pathologies. We have developed an integrated methodology for preparing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 aspartic protease diaminodiol inhibitors, b
Analgesic effect of thalidomide on inflammatory pain.: Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Mar 10;391(1-2):97-103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187349; Ribeiro RA; Vale ML; Ferreira SH; Cunha FQ; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine,; Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil.; Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may have a pivotal role in the genesis of mechanical inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats and in the nociceptive writhing response in mice. Thalidomide has been shown to selectively inhibit TNF-alpha production. We therefore investigated the effect of thalidomide on these responses
Phospholipid and sterol analysis of plasma membranes of azole-resistant Candida albicans strains.: FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2000 Apr 1;185(1):59-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20198132; Loffler J; Einsele H; Hebart H; Schumacher U; Hrastnik C; Daum G; Medizinische Klinik, Abteilung II, Labor Prof. Dr. med. H.; Einsele, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen,; Otfried-Muller-Str. 10, Tubingen, Germany.; The phospholipid and sterol composition of the plasma membranes of five fluconazole-resistant clinical Candida albicans isolates was compared to that of three fluconazole-sensitive ones. The three azole-sensitive strains tested and four of the five resistant strains did not exhibit any major difference in their phosph
Viral infections in newborns through exchange transfusion.: Indian J Pediatr. 1998 Sep-Oct;65(5):723-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235735; Patil RS; Wadgaonkar P; Joshi SH; Merchant RH; Gupte SC; Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), KEM Hospital, Parel,; Mumbai.; Preprocedure sera of thirty one neonates requiring exchange transfusion were tested for serological markers of HBV, HCV, CMV , HIV and LFT. All the babies were investigated for these parameters one week and two months after transfusion to evaluate the risk of tra
Phenotypic and functional assessments of immune status in the rat spleen following acute heroin treatment.: Immunopharmacology. 2000 Mar;46(3):193-207. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20203944; Fecho K; Nelson CJ; Lysle DT; Department of Psychologyy, University of North Carolina at Chapel; Hill, 27599, USA.; Heroin use is associated with an increased incidence of several types of infections, including HIV. Yet few studies have assessed whether heroin produces pharmacological alterations of immune status that might contribute to the increased rate of infections amongst heroin users. The present study investigated whether a
Study of acute chagasic mice under immunosuppressive therapy by cyclosporin A : modulation and confocal analysis of inflammatory reaction.: Immunopharmacology. 2000 Apr;47(1):1-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20175497; Calabrese KS; Paradela AS; Zaverucha do Valle T; Tedesco RC; Silva S; Mortara RA; Goncalves da Costa SC; Laborat orio de Imunomodula-c-ao, Departamento de Protozoologia,; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900,; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. calabres@gene.dbbm.fiocruz.br; The in vivo effects of cyclosporin A (CsA) on Trypanosoma cruzi infection were examined using different schedules of the drug in mice infected with the Y strain. Parasitaemia at day 8 after infection among CsA-treated animals was usually higher than control infected non-treated mice. On the other hand, mortality analy
Opioids suppress chemokine-mediated migration of monkey neutrophils and monocytes - an instant response.: Immunopharmacology. 2000 Apr;47(1):53-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20175502; Miyagi T; Chuang LF; Lam KM; Kung H; Wang JM; Osburn BI; Chuang RY; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.; Opioid users having acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are at a greater risk than non-users of contracting opportunistic infections. Opioid-administered and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus monkeys have been an excellent model for studying AIDS and drug abuse in humans. In this study, c
A request for ICSI.: Hastings Cent Rep. 2000 Mar-Apr;30(2):23; discussion 23-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226678; Blacksher E; Yeast J; Waxse DJ; Midwest Bioethics Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
Expression of SART3 tumor-rejection antigen in gastric cancers.: Jpn J Cancer Res. 2000 Mar;91(3):337-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20225826; Niiya F; Nishizaka S; Matsunaga K; Koufuji K; Mori M; Katai H; Yamana H; Itoh K; Departments of Immunology and Surgery, Kurume University School; of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.; We previously reported SART3 as a tumor-rejection antigen recognized by histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A24-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). In this study, we investigated the expression of the SART3 antigen in gastric cancers, as a candidate for use in specific immunotherapy. The SART3 antigen wa
Clinical pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir combined with efavirenz and stavudine during rescue treatment of heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients.: J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000 Mar;45(3):343-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169314; Regazzi MB; Villani P; Maserati R; Seminari E; Pan A; LoCaputo F; Gambarana E; Fiocchi C; Department of Pharmacology and Department of Infectious Diseases,; IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, P. le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.; regazzim@smatteo.pv.it; Nelfinavir is a novel protease inhibitor that exhibits good inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and is currently used in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the management of HIV infection. In this study we analysed the pharmacokinetic profile of nelfinavir after m
Anticryptosporidial activity of ranalexin, lasalocid and azithromycin alone and in combination in cell lines.: J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000 Mar;45(3):375-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169321; Giacometti A; Cirioni O; Barchiesi F; Scalise G; Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of; Ancona, Italy.; The in vitro anticryptosporidial activities of ranalexin, lasalocid and azithromycin alone and in combination were investigated against four clinical isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum. Susceptibility was tested by inoculating the isolates on to cell monolayers and determining the parasite count after 48 h incubation
Primary resistance to flucytosine among clinical isolates of Candida spp [letter]: J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000 Mar;45(3):408-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169331; Barchiesi F; Arzeni D; Caselli F; Scalise G
Acute pancreatitis associated with severe lactic acidosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving triple therapy [letter]: J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000 Mar;45(3):411-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169333; Frippiat F; Derue G; Heller F; Honore P; Moreau M; Vandercam B
Nucleic acid binding properties of the simian immunodeficiency virus nucleocapsid protein NCp8.: J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 7;275(14):10394-404. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20209415; Urbaneja MA; McGrath CF; Kane BP; Henderson LE; Casas-Finet JR; AIDS Vaccine Program, SAIC Frederick, NCI, Frederick Cancer; Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA.; The nucleocapsid protein of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) NCp8 has two copies of conserved sequences (termed zinc fingers, ZF) of 14 amino acids with 4 invariant residues (CCHC) that coordinate Zn(II). Each of its two ZFs has a Trp residue. A significant quenching of NCp8 Trp fluorescence was seen in nucleic aci
The human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax protein represses MyoD-dependent transcription by inhibiting MyoD-binding to the KIX domain of p300. A potential mechanism for Tax-mediated repression of the transcriptional activity of basic helix-loop-helix factors.: J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 7;275(14):10551-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20209436; Riou P; Bex F; Gazzolo L; Immuno-Virologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Unite Mixte de; Recherche 5537, CNRS-Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I, Faculte; de Medecine Lyon Laennec, 69372 Lyon Cedex 8, France.; The human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax protein strongly activates viral and cellular gene transcription. It mainly functions by interacting with cellular transcription factors and the KIX domain of the p300/CBP coactivators. Tax can also repress the transcription of cellular genes through the
Cell type-specific E2F activation and cell cycle progression induced by the oncogene product Tax of human T-cell leukemia virus type I.: J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 14;275(15):11154-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219162; Ohtani K; Iwanaga R; Arai M; Huang Y; Matsumura Y; Nakamura M; Human Gene Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and; Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510,; Japan.; The transactivator protein Tax of human T-cell leukemia virus type I plays an important role in the development of adult T-cell leukemia probably through modulation of growth regulatory molecules including p16(INK4a). The molecular mechanism of leukemogenesis induced by Tax has yet to be elucidated. We analyzed Tax fu
p300 and p300/cAMP-responsive element-binding protein associated factor interact with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 Tax in a multi-histone acetyltransferase/activator-enhancer complex.: J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 21;275(16):11852-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229784; Harrod R; Kuo YL; Tang Y; Yao Y; Vassilev A; Nakatani Y; Giam CZ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services; University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA.; The human T-cell lymphotropic virus, type (HTLV)-1 trans-activator, Tax, coordinates with cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and the transcriptional co-activators p300/CBP on three 21-base pair repeat elements in the proviral long terminal repeat (LTR) to promote viral mRNA transcription. Recruitment of p3
An internal ribosome entry segment promotes translation of the simian immunodeficiency virus genomic RNA.: J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 21;275(16):11899-906. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229790; Ohlmann T; Lopez-Lastra M; Darlix JL; LaboRetro, INSERM U412, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, 46; Allee d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France. tohlmann@ens-lyon.fr; The retroviral genomic RNA is the messenger for the synthesis of the group-specific antigen (gag) and polymerase precursors of the major structural proteins and enzymes of the virion. The 5 -untranslated leader of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) genomic RNA is formed of highly structured domains involved in ke
Dynamics of the HIV-1 reverse transcription complex during initiation of DNA synthesis.: J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 21;275(16):12306-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229843; Lanchy JM; Isel C; Keith G; Le Grice SF; Ehresmann C; Ehresmann B; Marquet R; UPR 9002 du CNRS, IBMC, 67084 Strasbourg cedex, France.; Initiation of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcription requires formation of a complex containing the viral RNA (vRNA), tRNA(3)(Lys) and reverse transcriptase (RT). The vRNA and the primer tRNA(3)(Lys) form several intermolecular interactions in addition to annealing of the primer 3 end to the pri
A viral transmembrane recombinant protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of bovine immunodeficiency virus infection.: J Virol Methods. 2000 Mar;85(1-2):109-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179088; Abed Y; Archambault D; Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Universite du Quebec a; Montreal, Canada.; The expression of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) truncated transmembrane envelope protein (designated hereafter tTM) in insect cells has been described previously (Abed, Y., St-Laurent, G., Zhang, H., Jacobs, R.M., Archambault, D., 1999. Development of a Western blot assay for detection of bovine immunodeficiency
Rapid phenotypic drug susceptibility assay for HIV-1 with a CCR5 expressing indicator cell line.: J Virol Methods. 2000 Mar;85(1-2):151-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179092; Pirounaki M; Heyden NA; Arens M; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St Louis, MO 63110, USA.; Phenotypic drug susceptibility assays of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates generally use time-consuming, expensive assays with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A new HIV-1 indicator cell line, MAGI-CCR5, has been developed and applied for this purpose. This cell line expresses human CD4, the two
Disinfection potential of electrolyzed solutions containing sodium chloride at low concentrations.: J Virol Methods. 2000 Mar;85(1-2):163-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179093; Morita C; Sano K; Morimatsu S; Kiura H; Goto T; Kohno T; Hong WU; Miyoshi H; Iwasawa A; Nakamura Y; Tagawa M; Yokosuka O; Saisho H; Maeda T; Katsuoka Y; Department of Microbiology, Osaka Medical College, Japan.; Electrolyzed products of sodium chloride solution were examined for their disinfection potential against hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. Electrolysis of 0.05% NaCl in tap water was carried out for 45 min at room temperature using a 3 A electric current in separate wells install
Prognosis and prediction of response to surgery in allergic patients with chronic sinusitis.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000 Apr;105(4):746-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20221398; Lavigne F; Nguyen CT; Cameron L; Hamid Q; Renzi PM; Centre Hospitalier de l'Universitaire de Montreal, Notre-Dame; Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) occurs frequently in patients with atopy, but little is known of the prognosis after surgery and of factors that may predict a poor outcome. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the long-term prognosis in atopic patients with CRS who undergo surgery and whether certain immune m
The environmental pollutant pyrene induces the production of IL-4.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000 Apr;105(4):796-802. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20221405; Bommel H; Li-Weber M; Serfling E; Duschl A; Physiological Chemistry II, Biocenter, Department of Molecular; Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Wurzburg,; Wurzburg, Germany.; BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies and experiments with mouse models suggest that polyaromatic hydrocarbons contained in, among others, diesel exhaust particles can promote the development of allergy. OBJECTIVE: Because IL-4 organizes allergic responses in vivo, we have investigated whether pyrene, a major compound of
Cutting edge: activation of HIV-1 transcription by the MHC class II transactivator.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):3941-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219223; Saifuddin M; Roebuck KA; Chang Ch; Ting JP; Spear GT; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University, Chicago,; IL 60612, USA. msaifudd@rush.edu; Both macrophages and activated CD4+ T cells can be productively infected by HIV-1, and both cell types express MHC class II molecules. Expression of MHC class II proteins in these cells is regulated by a specific transcriptional coactivator, the class II transactivator (CIITA). In this study, we report for the first t
Cutting edge: increased expression of Bcl-2 in antigen-specific memory CD8+ T cells.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):3950-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219225; Grayson JM; Zajac AJ; Altman JD; Ahmed R; Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; 30322, USA.; Bcl-2 plays a critical role in regulating cell survival and apoptosis. We examined Bcl-2 expression in virus-specific CD8 T cells during the expansion, death, and memory phases of the T cell response following infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Naive CD8 T cells expressed a basal level o
Distinct requirements for C-C chemokine and IL-2 production by naive, previously activated, and anergic T cells.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):3996-4002. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219231; Lerner CG; Horton MR; Schwartz RH; Powell JD; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, National; Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; Ag presented by activated APCs promote immunogenic responses whereas Ag presented by resting APCs leads to tolerance. In such a model, the regulation of cytokine release by the presence or absence of costimulation might potentially play a critical role in dictating the ultimate outcome of Ag recognition. C-C chemokine
Preferential recognition of TCR hypervariable regions by human anti-idiotypic T cells induced by T cell vaccination.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4011-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219233; Zang YC; Hong J; Rivera VM; Killian J; Zhang JZ; Multiple Sclerosis Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology; and Baylor-Methodist Multiple Sclerosis Center, Baylor College of; Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.; T cell responses to myelin basic protein (MBP) are potentially involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Immunization with irradiated MBP-reactive T cells (T cell vaccination) induces anti-idiotypic T cell responses that suppress circulating MBP-reactive T cells. This T cell-T cell interaction is though
Engagement of CD28 modulates CXC chemokine receptor 4 surface expression in both resting and CD3-stimulated CD4+ T cells.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4018-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219234; Secchiero P; Zella D; Curreli S; Mirandola P; Capitani S; Gallo RC; Zauli G; Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore,; MD 21201, USA. secchier@umbi.umd.edu; Optimal CD4+ T cell activation requires the cooperation of multiple signaling pathways coupled to the TCR-CD3 complex and to the CD28 costimulatory molecule. In this study, we have investigated the expression of surface CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in enriched populations of CD4+ T PBL, stimulated with anti-CD3 an
Repeated intratracheal challenge with particulate antigen modulates murine lung cytokines.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4037-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219237; Todt J; Sonstein J; Polak T; Seitzman GD; Hu B; Curtis JL; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of; Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann; Arbor, MI, USA.; When lungs of experimental animals are repeatedly challenged with Ag, pulmonary inflammation wanes via unknown mechanisms. We hypothesized that changes in the balance of lung cytokines are responsible for immune down-regulation to repeated Ag challenge. We used intratracheal (IT) challenge of primed C57BL/6 mice with
Fractalkine-mediated endothelial cell injury by NK cells.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4055-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219239; Yoneda O; Imai T; Goda S; Inoue H; Yamauchi A; Okazaki T; Imai H; Yoshie O; Bloom ET; Domae N; Umehara H; Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Periodontology,; Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.; Endothelial cells (ECs) are primary targets of immunological attack, and their injury can lead to vasculopathy and organ dysfunction in vascular leak syndrome and in rejection of allografts or xenografts. A newly identified CX3C-chemokine, fractalkine, expressed on activated ECs plays an important role in leukocyte ad
Contributions of CD8+ T cells and viral spread to demyelinating disease.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4080-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219242; Marten NW; Stohlman SA; Atkinson RD; Hinton DR; Fleming JO; Bergmann CC; Departments of Neurology, Molecular Microbiology and Immunology,; and Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern; California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.; Acute and chronic demyelination are hallmarks of CNS infection by the neurotropic JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus. Although infectious virus is cleared by CD8+ T cells, both viral RNA and activated CD8+ T cells remain in the CNS during persistence potentially contributing to pathology. To dissociate immune from vi
Mass spectrometric characterization of a discontinuous epitope of the HIV envelope protein HIV-gp120 recognized by the human monoclonal antibody 1331A.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4156-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219252; Hochleitner EO; Gorny MK; Zolla-Pazner S; Tomer KB; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National; Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.; The characterization of a discontinuous epitope in the C5 region of the HIV envelope protein HIV-gp120, recognized by 1331A, a human mAb, is reported. Regions involved in affinity binding in the HIV-gp120 molecule were identified by epitope excision/extraction methods followed by matrix assisted laser desorption-time
Suppression of endogenous IL-10 gene expression in dendritic cells enhances antigen presentation for specific Th1 induction: potential for cellular vaccine development.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4212-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219259; Igietseme JU; Ananaba GA; Bolier J; Bowers S; Moore T; Belay T; Eko FO; Lyn D; Black CM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Morehouse School of; Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA.; A new paradigm for designing vaccines against certain microbial pathogens, including Chlamydia trachomatis, is based on the induction of local mucosal Th1 response. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that exerts negative immunoregulatory influence on Th1 response. This study investigated whether biochemical modula
Nitric oxide mediates intestinal pathology but not immune expulsion during Trichinella spiralis infection in mice.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4229-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219261; Lawrence CE; Paterson JC; Wei XQ; Liew FY; Garside P; Kennedy MW; Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biomedical and; Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.; gvna11@udcf.gla.ac.uk; The relationship between intestinal pathology and immune expulsion of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes remains controversial. Although immune expulsion of GI helminth parasites is usually associated with Th2 responses, the effector mechanisms directly responsible for parasite loss have not been identified. We have prev
Ongoing murine T1 or T2 immune responses to the hepatitis B surface antigen are excluded from the liver that expresses transgene-encoded hepatitis B surface antigen.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4235-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219262; Schirmbeck R; Wild J; Stober D; Blum HE; Chisari FV; Geissler M; Reimann J; Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Ulm, Ulm,; Germany.; Different protein- or DNA-based vaccination techniques are available that prime potent humoral and cellular, T1 or T2 immune responses to the hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg) in mice. T1 and T2 are immune responses with isotype profile indicating Th1 and Th2 immunoregulation. We tested whether HBsAg-specific immune resp
IL-13-mediated worm expulsion is B7 independent and IFN-gamma sensitive.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4250-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219264; Urban J; Fang H; Liu Q; Ekkens MJ; Chen SJ; Nguyen D; Mitro V; Donaldson DD; Byrd C; Peach R; Morris SC; Finkelman FD; Schopf L; Gause WC; Immunology Disease Resistance Laboratory, Livestock and Poultry; Sciences Institute, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville,; MD 20705, USA.; B7 costimulation is a required component of many type 2 immune responses, including allergy and protective immunity to many nematode parasites. This response includes elevations in Th2 cytokines and associated effector functions including elevations in serum IgG1 and IgE and parasite expulsion. In studies of mice infe
Cytokine-stimulated, but not HIV-infected, human monocyte-derived macrophages produce neurotoxic levels of l -cysteine.: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 15;164(8):4265-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219266; Yeh MW; Kaul M; Zheng J; Nottet HS; Thylin M; Gendelman HE; Lipton SA; Cerebrovascular and Neuroscience Research Institute, Brigham and; Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.; Approximately one-quarter of individuals with AIDS develop neuropathological symptoms that are attributable to infection of the brain with HIV. The cognitive manifestations have been termed HIV-associated dementia . The mechanisms underlying HIV-associated neuronal injury are incomp
The role of virus-specific CD8(+) cells in liver damage and viral control during persistent hepatitis B virus infection.: J Exp Med. 2000 Apr 17;191(8):1269-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233875; Maini MK; Boni C; Lee CK; Larrubia JR; Reignat S; Ogg GS; King AS; Herberg J; Gilson R; Alisa A; Williams R; Vergani D; Naoumov NV; Ferrari C; Bertoletti A; Institute of Hepatology, University College London and University; College of London Hospitals, London WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom.; Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a noncytopathic virus, and the recognition of infected hepatocytes by HBV-specific CD8 cells has been assumed to be the central mechanism causing both liver damage and virus control. To understand the role of cytotoxic T cells in the pathogenesis of HBV infection, we used functional assays t
Post-radiotherapy myelitis observed in an AIDS patient with a meningioma: case report and review of the literature.: J Neurooncol. 1999;45(2):167-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239003; Zeng M; Knisely J; Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA.; Radiation myelitis is an uncommon but serious complication of radiation therapy. Although the definitive threshold to cause myelitis is unknown, it is believed that less than 50 Gy when given in 25 or more fractions is highly unlikely to cause myelopathy. This report describes a case of myelitis within the radiotherap
Comparison of voxel- and volume-of-interest-based analyses in FDG PET scans of HIV positive and healthy individuals.: J Nucl Med. 2000 Apr;41(4):612-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20229048; Liow JS; Rehm K; Strother SC; Anderson JR; Morch N; Hansen LK; Schaper KA; Rottenberg DA; Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,; USA.; Abnormal glucose metabolic patterns in the brain have been reported for HIV-1 seropositive (HIV+) patients when compared with seronegative healthy individuals. The metabolic covariance pattern obtained from voxel- or volume-of-interest (VOI)-based multivariate data analysis techniques can be used to characterize disea
Diagnosis and treatment of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis.: J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 May;58(5):477-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20258839; Weiler Z; Nelly P; Baruchin AM; Oren S; Barzilai Medical Center, Pulmonary Unit, Ashkelon, Israel.; weil@walla.co.il; PURPOSE: This study presents the long-term results of treatment of a series of patients with tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis of the head and neck. PATIENTS: Twenty-one patients were seen in a 10-year period. The median age at onset was of 41.2 years (range, 4 to 79 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 11:1
(1S)-1-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan+-4-yl][-2-hydroxyethylamm onium benzoate, a versatile building block for chiral 2-aminoalkanols: concise synthesis and application to nelfinavir, a potent HIV-protease inhibitor.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20214072; Inaba T; Yamada Y; Abe H; Sagawa S; Cho H; Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco, Inc,; Osaka, Japan.; A concise synthesis of a versatile chiral C4 building block for 2-aminoalkanols, (1S)-1-[(4R)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]-2-hydroxyethylammo nium benzoate (1a), was described. 1 (1a and its enantiomer 1b) acted as four stereoisomers of optically active 2-amino-1,3,4-butanetriol. The versatility of 1 was demonstrat
A novel, one-pot ring expansion of cyclobutanones. Syntheses of carbovir and aristeromycin.: J Org Chem. 2000 Mar 24;65(6):1865-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20214081; Brown B; Hegedus LS; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523, USA.; A novel, one-pot ring-expansion procedure was developed using Me3S(O)I, NaH, and Sc(OTf)3. The scope and limitations were briefly examined, and a tentative mechanism was proposed. Application of the methodology to known cyclobutanone 1 provided the corresponding cyclopentanone, which was successfully advanced to (+)-c
A practical preparation of terminal alkynes from aldehydes.: J Org Chem. 2000 Mar 24;65(6):1889-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20214082; Wang Z; Campagna S; Yang K; Xu G; Pierce ME; Fortunak JM; Confalone PN; DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Deepwater, New Jersey 08023, USA.; zhe.wang@dupontpharma.com
[A case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in AIDS: neuroimaging with clinical and pathologic correlation]: J Radiol. 2000 Mar;81(3):233-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206824; Feydy A; Carlier R; Gray F; Bernard L; Mutschler C; Laure R; Vallee C; Service d'Imagerie Medicale, Hopital Raymond Poincare 104,; France. antoine.feydy@rpc.ap-hop-paris.fr; We present the neuroimaging features with clinical and pathologic correlation in a case of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) in AIDS. CT and MRI showed typical lesions of PML. At pathology examination, characteristic lesions of PML were found in association with HIV encephalitis due to CNS infection by
Reversible methotrexate associated lymphoproliferative disease evolving into Hodgkin's disease.: J Rheumatol. 2000 Mar;27(3):810-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20205671; Moseley AC; Lindsley HB; Skikne BS; Tawfik O; Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center,; Kansas City 66160, USA.; We describe a case of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin s disease (NSHD) developing in a 61-year-old woman with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis treated with oral methotrexate (MTX) 5 to 15 mg/week for 5 years. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed splenomegaly and marked abdominal and retroperitoneal lymphadenop
Structure-activity relationships and binding mode of styrylquinolines as potent inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase and replication of HIV-1 in cell culture.: J Med Chem. 2000 Apr 20;43(8):1533-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20243616; Zouhiri F; Mouscadet JF; Mekouar K; Desmaele D; Savoure D; Leh H; Subra F; Le Bret M; Auclair C; d'Angelo J; Unite de Chimie Organique, UPRES-A du CNRS 8076, Centre d'Etudes; Pharmaceutiques, Universite Paris-Sud, 5 rue J.-B. Clement,; 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France.; Our prior studies showed that polyhydroxylated styrylquinolines are potent HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors that block the replication of HIV-1 in cell culture at nontoxic concentrations. To explore the mechanism of action of these inhibitors, various novel styrylquinoline derivatives were synthesized and tested agains
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 V2 domain mediates gp41-independent intersubunit contacts.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4448-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240027; Center RJ; Earl PL; Lebowitz J; Schuck P; Moss B; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892, USA.; The envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1 undergoes proteolytic cleavage in the Golgi complex to produce subunits designated gp120 and gp41, which remain noncovalently associated. While gp41 has a well-characterized oligomeric structure, the maintenance of gp41-independent gp120 intersubunit co
CD8(+)-Cell antiviral factor activity is not restricted to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific T cells and can block HIV replication after initiation of reverse transcription.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4456-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240028; Le Borgne S; Fevrier M; Callebaut C; Lee SP; Riviere Y; Departement des Retrovirus, URA CNRS 1930, Institut Pasteur,; 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.; CD8(+) lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients can suppress in vitro HIV replication in CD4(+) T cells by a noncytolytic mechanism involving secreted CD8(+)-cell antiviral factor(s) (CAF). Using an HIV Nef-specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) line and autologous CD4(+) T cells infected w
Posttranscriptional inhibition of class I major histocompatibility complex presentation on hepatocytes and lymphoid cells in chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4483-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF232730; Michalak TI; Hodgson PD; Churchill ND; Molecular Virology and Hepatology Research, Division of Basic; Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of; Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3V6, Canada.; timich@morgan.ucs.mun.ca; Woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV), similar to human hepatitis B virus, causes acute liver inflammation that can progress to chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. WHV also invades cells of the host lymphatic system, where it persists for life. We report here that acute and chronic hepadnavirus hepatitis is char
Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication prior to reverse transcription by influenza virus stimulation.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4505-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240033; Pinto LA; Blazevic V; Patterson BK; Mac Trubey C; Dolan MJ; Shearer GM; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; It is now recognized that, in addition to drug-mediated therapies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the immune system can exert antiviral effects via CD8(+) T-cell-generated anti-HIV factors. This study demonstrates that (i) supernatants from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with
Multiple antiviral activities of cyanovirin-N: blocking of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 interaction with CD4 and coreceptor and inhibition of diverse enveloped viruses.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4562-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240039; Dey B; Lerner DL; Lusso P; Boyd MR; Elder JH; Berger EA; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892-0445, USA.; Cyanovirin-N (CV-N) is a cyanobacterial protein with potent neutralizing activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CV-N has been shown to bind HIV type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 with high affinity; moreover, it blocks the envelope glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion reaction associated with HIV-1 entry. However, th
Identification of a key target sequence to block human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication within the gag-pol transframe domain.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4621-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240045; Sei S; Yang QE; O'Neill D; Yoshimura K; Nagashima K; Mitsuya H; HIV Clinical Interface Laboratory, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland; 21702, USA. SEI@dtpax2.ncifcrf.gov; Although the full sequence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome has been known for more than a decade, effective genetic antivirals have yet to be developed. Here we show that, of 22 regions examined, one highly conserved sequence (ACTCTTTGGCAACGA) near the 3 end of the HIV-1 gag-pol transframe r
Activation of transcription factors NF-kappaB and NF-IL-6 by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protein R (Vpr) induces interleukin-8 expression.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4658-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240049; Roux P; Alfieri C; Hrimech M; Cohen EA; Tanner JE; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Ste-Justine Hospital Research; Center, Canada.; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals express elevated levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), which is believed to be responsible for some of the clinical manifestations occurring during AIDS. We report here that virion-derived HIV type 1 (HIV-1) protein R (Vpr) increased IL-8 expression in primary T cells
Functional differences between human and bovine immunodeficiency virus Tat transcription factors.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4666-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240050; Bogerd HP; Wiegand HL; Bieniasz PD; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.; Transcriptional transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter element by the essential viral Tat protein requires recruitment of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to the viral TAR RNA target. The recruitment of P-TEFb, which has been proposed t
Alteration of substrate and inhibitor specificity of feline immunodeficiency virus protease.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4710-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240056; Lin YC; Beck Z; Lee T; Le VD; Morris GM; Olson AJ; Wong CH; Elder JH; Departments of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute,; La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) protease is structurally very similar to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease but exhibits distinct substrate and inhibitor specificities. We performed mutagenesis of subsite residues of FIV protease in order to define interactions that dictate this specificity. The I37V, N55
Interleukin-10 increases Th1 cytokine production and cytotoxic potential in human papillomavirus-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4729-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240058; Santin AD; Hermonat PL; Ravaggi A; Bellone S; Pecorelli S; Roman JJ; Parham GP; Cannon MJ; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and; Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little; Rock, Arkansas 72205-7199, USA.; Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is widely known as an immunosuppressive cytokine by virtue of its ability to inhibit macrophage-dependent antigen presentation, T-cell proliferation, and Th1 cytokine secretion. However, several studies have challenged the perception of IL-10 solely as an immunosuppressive cytokine. As part of a
Modifications that stabilize human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein trimers in solution.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4746-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240060; Yang X; Florin L; Farzan M; Kolchinsky P; Kwong PD; Sodroski J; Wyatt R; Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer; Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Public; Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; The functional unit of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins is a trimer composed of three gp120 exterior glycoproteins and three gp41 transmembrane glycoproteins. The lability of intersubunit interactions has hindered the production and characterization of soluble, homogeneous envelop
Deletion of a short, untranslated region adjacent to the polypurine tract in Moloney murine leukemia virus leads to formation of aberrant 5' plus-strand DNA ends in vivo.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240061; Bacharach E; Gonsky J; Lim D; Goff SP; Experiments were performed to determine the function of a 28-nucleotide untranslated sequence lying between the envelope gene and the polypurine tract (PPT) sequence in the Moloney
Identification of critical amino acid residues in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 IN required for efficient proviral DNA formation at steps prior to integration in dividing and nondividing cells.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4795-806. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240065; Tsurutani N; Kubo M; Maeda Y; Ohashi T; Yamamoto N; Kannagi M; Masuda T; Department of Immunotherapeutics, Medical Research Division,; Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase (HIV-1 IN) is thought to have several putative roles at steps prior to integration, such as reverse transcription and nuclear transport of the preintegration complex (PIC). Here, we investigated new functional aspects of HIV-1 IN in the context of the viral replication cyc
A Rev-independent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-based vector that exploits a codon-optimized HIV-1 gag-pol gene.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4839-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240070; Kotsopoulou E; Kim VN; Kingsman AJ; Kingsman SM; Mitrophanous KA; Retrovirus Molecular Biology Group, Department of Biochemistry,; University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom.; The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genome is AU rich, and this imparts a codon bias that is quite different from the one used by human genes. The codon usage is particularly marked for the gag, pol, and env genes. Interestingly, the expression of these genes is dependent on the presence of the Rev/Rev-responsive e
Lymphoid organs as a major reservoir for human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 in experimentally infected squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus): provirus expression, persistence, and humoral and cellular immune responses.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4860-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF151695; Kazanji M; Ureta-Vidal A; Ozden S; Tangy F; de Thoisy B; Fiette L; Talarmin A; Gessain A; de The G; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; mkazanji@pasteur-cayenne.fr; The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) in various organs of serially sacrificed squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) in order to localize the reservoir of the virus and to evaluate the relationship between viral expression and the humoral or cellular imm
Variable sensitivity of CCR5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates to inhibition by RANTES analogs.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4868-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF231043; Torre VS; Marozsan AJ; Albright JL; Collins KR; Hartley O; Offord RE; Quinones-Mateu ME; Arts EJ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case; Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.; Aminooxypentane (AOP)-RANTES efficiently and specifically blocks entry of non-syncytium-inducing (NSI), CCR5-tropic (R5) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into host cells. Inhibition appears to be mediated by increased intracellular retention of the CCR5 coreceptor- AOP-RANTES complex and/or competitive bind
Transdominant activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr with a mutation at residue R73.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4877-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240074; Sawaya BE; Khalili K; Gordon J; Srinivasan A; Richardson M; Rappaport J; Amini S; Center for Neurovirology and Cancer Biology, Temple University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.; The 96-amino-acid-long human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion-encoded accessory protein Vpr is of particular interest, as this protein, which is found in association with viral particles, can exert a regulatory effect on both virus replication and host cell function. Evidently, Vpr, through interaction with severa
Cross-reactive T-helper responses in patients infected with different subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4888-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240076; Leandersson AC; Gilljam G; Fredriksson M; Hinkula J; Alaeus A; Lidman K; Albert J; Bratt G; Sandstrom E; Wahren B; Karolinska Institute, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease; Control, S-171 82 Solna, Sweden.; Ann-Charlotte.Leandersson@smi.ki.se; Immunization with a recombinant glycoprotein 160 envelope immunogen derived from a virus of genetic subtype B induced strong specific T-helper cell responses in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers infected with subtypes B to G. This indicates that the HIV-specific T-helper immunity, which is the b
Cell-dependent requirement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 cytoplasmic tail for Env incorporation into virions.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4891-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240077; Akari H; Fukumori T; Adachi A; Department of Virology, The University of Tokushima School of; Medicine, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.; Growth kinetics in lymphocytic H9 and M8166 cells of two mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with deleted gp41 cytoplasmic tails were examined. While the mutant viruses designated CTdel-44 and CTdel-144 were able to grow in M8166 cells, they were unable to grow in H9 cells. Transfection and single-r
Characterization of two divergent lineages of macaque rhadinoviruses related to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4919-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240083; Schultz ER; Rankin GW Jr; Blanc MP; Raden BW; Tsai CC; Rose TM; Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Community; Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195,; USA.; We have cloned and characterized the entire DNA polymerase gene and flanking regions from Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and two closely related macaque homologs of KSHV, retroperitoneal fibromatosis-associated herpesvirus-Macaca nemestrina (RFHVMn) and -Macaca mulatta (RFHVMm). We have also identified
Distinct mechanisms of entry by envelope glycoproteins of Marburg and Ebola (Zaire) viruses.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4933-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20240085; Chan SY; Speck RF; Ma MC; Goldsmith MA; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco,; California 94141-9100, USA.; Since the Marburg (MBG) and Ebola (EBO) viruses have sequence homology and cause similar diseases, we hypothesized that they associate with target cells by similar mechanisms. Pseudotype viruses prepared with a luciferase-containing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 backbone and packaged by the MBG virus or the
Development of intermediate-grade (mantle cell) and low-grade (small lymphocytic and marginal zone) human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas xenotransplanted in severe combined immunodeficiency mouse models.: Lab Invest. 2000 Apr;80(4):557-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241584; Bryant J; Pham L; Yoshimura L; Tamayo A; Ordonez N; Ford RJ; Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas, M.D.; Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.; We have used severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) (c.b.-17, ICR/SCID) mice to develop xenotransplantation (XT) models for human intermediate-and-low-grade non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL). In the past, SCID mice have provided a variety of useful XT models for human hematopoietic neoplasms that primarily involve the ac
Interleukin-8 overexpression is present in pyoderma gangrenosum ulcers and leads to ulcer formation in human skin xenografts.: Lab Invest. 2000 Apr;80(4):595-604. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241587; Oka M; Berking C; Nesbit M; Satyamoorthy K; Schaider H; Murphy G; Ichihashi M; Sauter E; Herlyn M; The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.; Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a potent chemotactic polypeptide for neutrophils. However, the role of this cytokine during inflammation remains unclear. Skin specimens from patients with pyoderma gangrenosum demonstrated IL-8 overexpression in skin ulcers, which suggests a role for IL-8 in the development of the disease. We
[Seroprevalence of HIV infection among sexually transmitted disease clinic attenders. Study Group of the Seroprevalence of Anonymous HIV Unrelated to Patients Consulting a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic]: Med Clin (Barc). 2000 Feb 19;114(6):211-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220601; BACKGROUND: To estimate the seroprevalence of HIV infection among sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attenders. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Unlinked anonymous serologic survey among patients from six STD clinics in 1998. RESULTS: Among 1,303 patients 3.7% were found to be infected by HIV. Seroprevalences were 48.3% i
[HIV infection and cervical cancer: a note of caution for clinicians and health planners]: Med Clin (Barc). 2000 Feb 26;114(7):255-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20221767; Lopez de Munain J; Camara MM; Santamaria JM; Baraia J; Zubero Z; Teira R; Servicio de ETS, Hospital de Basurto, Bilbao. munainj@dasv.es; BACKGROUND: To estimate the association between HIV infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study based on data from 251 women from a Sexually Transmitted Diseases clinic. Patients with CIN were compared with those without CIN in terms of HIV infection and exposure
Salvage therapy for HIV-1 infection--the challenge grows [news]: Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1435. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20250173; Mellors J; Montaner J
Nucleic acid amplification testing of hepatitis B virus [letter]: Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1460. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20250185; Otake K; Nishioka K
Syphilis increases in Manchester, UK [letter]: Lancet. 2000 Apr 22;355(9213):1466. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20250194; Higgins SP; Sukthankar A; Mahto M; Jarvis RR; Lacey HB
Tempo and mode of human and simian T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV/STLV) evolution revealed by analyses of full-genome sequences.: Mol Biol Evol. 2000 Mar;17(3):374-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188797; Salemi M; Desmyter J; Vandamme AM; Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Belgium.; marco.salemi@uz.kuleuven.ac.be; We investigated the tempo and mode of evolution of the primate T-lymphotropic viruses (PTLVs). Several different models of nucleotide substitution were tested on a general phylogenetic tree obtained using the 20 full-genome HTLV/STLV sequences available. The likelihood ratio test showed that the Tamura and Nei model w
Prophylaxis against opportunistic infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.: N Engl J Med. 2000 May 11;342(19):1416-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248835; Kovacs JA; Masur H; Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1662, USA.
Deaths bring South African HIV drug trials to a premature halt [news]: Nature. 2000 Apr 13;404(6779):695. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244445; Cherry M
Immunology. Commit ye helpers [news]: Nature. 2000 Apr 13;404(6779):719-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244459; O'Garra A
Rapid degradation of a large fraction of newly synthesized proteins by proteasomes [see comments]: Nature. 2000 Apr 13;404(6779):770-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244477; Schubert U; Anton LC; Gibbs J; Norbury CC; Yewdell JW; Bennink JR; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; MHC class I molecules function to present peptides eight to ten residues long to the immune system. These peptides originate primarily from a cytosolic pool of proteins through the actions of proteasomes, and are transported into the endoplasmic reticulum, where they assemble with nascent class I molecules. Most pepti
Toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome--four case reports.: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2000 Feb;40(2):120-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20247826; Nakazaki S; Saeki N; Itoh S; Osato K; Watanabe O; Hamada N; Mitsuhashi H; Shin H; Kiuchi I; Kobayashi C; Yano A; Yamaura A; Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba University School of; Medicine.; Four patients, all males aged 40-64 years, presented with toxoplasmic encephalitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection manifesting as nonspecific neurological deficits such as epilepsy or hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed single or multiple lesions with ring enhancement, mimicking
Using conjunctival swab with polymerase chain reaction to aid diagnosis of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients.: Ophthalmologica. 2000;214(2):126-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20187804; Liu JH; Hsu WM; Wong WW; Wang JJ; Liu WT; Liu CY; Chiou SH; Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Internal Medicine,; Veterans General Hospital-Taipei and National Yang-Ming; University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.; Conjunctival swabs were used in combination with polymerase chain reactions (PCR) or virus culture to aid to confirm the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in AIDS patients. Based on ophthalmoscopic findings, 13 AID
[Exposure to blood accidents in a university hospital. Results of 1-year surveillance (letter)]: Presse Med. 2000 Mar 25;29(11):596. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238714; Smail A; Doutrellot C; Leduc I; Duche A; Masmoudi K; Lienard J
[Severe cytomegalovirus enteritis in AIDS. Favorable outcome of medical treatment (letter)]: Presse Med. 2000 Mar 25;29(11):596-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238715; Haas C; Marteau P; Roudiere L; Gisselbrecht M; Lowenstein W; Durand H
[Tuberculosis in HIV infection]: Probl Tuberk. 2000;(1):47-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20262761; Karachunskii MA
Discontinuation of anticytomegalovirus therapy in patients with HIV infection and cytomegalovirus retinitis.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20260512; Margolis TP; San Francisco, CA, USA.
Immunomodulatory effect of pentoxifylline during human allograft rejection: involvement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adhesion molecules.: Transplantation. 2000 Mar 27;69(6):1102-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20222868; Noel C; Copin MC; Hazzan M; Labalette M; Susen S; Lelievre G; Dessaint JP; Service de Nephrologie-Hemodialyse-Transplantation, Hopital; Calmette, CHU Lille, France.; BACKGROUND: Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methylxanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is poorly active as an immunosuppressant but prevents the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. In a randomized double-blind study comparing PTX versus placebo in 140 patients receiving cadaveric kidney grafts under cyclosporine and pred
Early expression of interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 and monokine induced by interferon-gamma in cardiac allografts is mediated by CD8+ T cells.: Transplantation. 2000 Mar 27;69(6):1147-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20222874; Kapoor A; Morita K; Engeman TM; Koga S; Vapnek EM; Hobart MG; Fairchild RL; Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195,; USA.; BACKGROUND: Our goal was to test the intragraft mRNA expression and production of two chemokines that are potent chemoattractants for antigen-primed T cells, interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and monokine-induced by IFN-gamma, (Mig), in allogeneic heart grafts. METHODS: Syngeneic or allogeneic A/J (H-2a) h
A case of hemophilia A associated with Hodgkin's disease.: Turk J Pediatr. 1999 Oct-Dec;41(4):517-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20230891; Koc A; Varan A; Buyukpamukcu M; Gurgey A; Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of; Medicine, Ankara.; Lymphoreticular malignancies are more common in patients with hemophilia, but it is usually attributed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection associated with repeated use of blood products. However, there are a couple of hemophiliac patients with malignancies but without HIV infection in the literature. We re
Protection of CD3 delta knockout mice from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-induced immunopathology: implications for viral neuroinvasion.: Virology. 2000 Apr 10;269(2):248-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219617; Kappes DJ; Lawrence DM; Vaughn MM; Dave VP; Belman AR; Rall GF; Division of Basic Science, The Fox Chase Cancer Center, 7701; Burholme Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19111, USA.; For a virus to establish a neuronal infection, it must spread from its primary site of infection to the central nervous system (CNS) before immune-mediated clearance occurs. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a murine pathogen that can result in persistent neuronal infection in newborn mice and in adults tha
Dox-dependent SIVmac with tetracycline-inducible promoter in the U3 promoter region.: Virology. 2000 Apr 10;269(2):268-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219619; Xiao Y; Kuwata T; Miura T; Hayami M; Shida H; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Research Center for AIDS,; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto,; 606-8507, Japan.; An attenuated live vaccine is a candidate in developing vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The study using macaques and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) showed an attenuated virus to be more effective than any other vaccine candidate. However, development of a safer vaccine is required
CXCR4 mediates entry and productive infection of syncytia-inducing (X4) HIV-1 strains in primary macrophages.: Virology. 2000 Apr 10;269(2):294-304. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219622; Valentin A; Trivedi H; Lu W; Kostrikis LG; Pavlakis GN; Human Retrovirus Section ABL-Basic Research Program, National; Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development; Center, Frederick, Maryland, 21702-1201, USA.; CCR5 and CXCR4 are the main coreceptors for non-syncytia-inducing (NSI) and syncytia-inducing (SI) HIV-1 strains, respectively. NSI HIV-1 isolates do not infect either human lymphoid or monocytoid cell lines, and this inability correlates with the absence of CCR5 expression in these cell types. The ability of SI HIV-1
The N-terminal matrix domain of HIV-1 Gag is sufficient but not necessary for viral protein U-mediated enhancement of particle release through a membrane-targeting mechanism.: Virology. 2000 Apr 10;269(2):305-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219623; Deora A; Spearman P; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA.; Viral protein U (Vpu) is an 81 amino acid phosphoprotein found in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected cells. One function of Vpu is to enhance the release of virus particles from the plasma membrane in infected cells. Using subcellular fractionation, we observed that Vpu promotes the targeting of Pr55
Expression and localization of human herpesvirus 8-encoded proteins in primary effusion lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219626; Katano H; Sato Y; Kurata T; Mori S; Sata T; Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious; Diseases, University of Tokyo, Japan.; To investigate the expression of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-encoded proteins in the cells of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and multicentric Castleman s disease (MCD), nine rabbit polyclonal antibodies to K2, ORF26, K8, K8.1, K10, K11, ORF59, ORF65, and ORF73 were developed. Western blot analys
Effectiveness of intranasal immunization with HIV-gp160 and an HIV-1 env CTL epitope peptide (E7) in combination with the mucosal adjuvant LT(R192G).: Vaccine. 2000 Mar 17;18(18):1944-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20165119; Morris CB; Cheng E; Thanawastien A; Cardenas-Freytag L; Clements JD; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane; University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.; LT(R192G) is a novel mucosal adjuvant that induces protective immunity when co-administered with certain whole inactivated bacteria or viruses or with subunits of relevant virulence determinants from these pathogens. LT(R192G) stimulates antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses, both systemically and in
IL-18 potentiates the adjuvant properties of IL-12 in the induction of a strong Th1 type immune response against a recombinant antigen.: Vaccine. 2000 Apr 3;18(19):2002-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20173777; Eberl M; Beck E; Coulson CP; Okamura H; Wilson WR; Mountford MA; Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK.; me10@york.ac.uk; Due to the synergistic effects of IL-12 and IL-18, and to their importance in establishing a Th1 type immune response, we investigated the potential of a combined administration of both cytokines as an adjuvant for recombinant antigens. As a model system, we used a schistosome T cell antigen recently identified in our
Boosting with recombinant vaccinia increases HPV-16 E7-specific T cell precursor frequencies of HPV-16 E7-expressing DNA vaccines.: Vaccine. 2000 Apr 3;18(19):2015-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20173779; Chen CH; Wang TL; Hung CF; Pardoll DM; Wu TC; Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions,; Baltimore, USA.; We have previously linked the sorting signals of the lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) to HPV-16 E7 antigen, creating a chimera, Sig/E7/LAMP-1. We found that both Sig/E7/LAMP-1-containing recombinant vaccinia virus (Vac-Sig/E7/LAMP-1) and Sig/E7/LAMP-1 DNA can generate strong antitumor immunity. To deter
Therapeutic potential of melatonin in immunodeficiency states, viral diseases, and cancer.: Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;467:217-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20185837; Maestroni GJ; Istituto Cantonale Di Patologia, Center For Experimental; Pathology, Locarno, Switzerland. icpcps@guest.cscs.ch; Maintenance of health depends on the ability to respond appropriately to environmental stressors via reciprocal interactions between the body and the brain. In this context, it is well recognized that the pineal hormone melatonin (MLT) plays an important role. T-helper cells bear G-protein-coupled MLT cell membrane re
Management of herpes zoster (shingles) and postherpetic neuralgia.: Am Fam Physician. 2000 Apr 15;61(8):2437-44, 2447-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252577; Stankus SJ; Dlugopolski M; Packer D; Eisenhower Army Medical Center, Fort Gordon, Georgia 30905, USA.; Herpes zoster (commonly referred to as shingles ) and postherpetic neuralgia result from reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus acquired during the primary varicella infection, or chickenpox. Whereas varicella is generally a disease of childhood, herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia become more common with i
Significant FDA approvals in 1999.: Am Fam Physician. 2000 Apr 15;61(8):2531-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252579; McGinnis TJ; Office of Policy, US Food and Drug Administration, Rockville,; Maryland, USA.
Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus during pregnancy: the shift from an exclusive focus on fetal protection to a more balanced approach.: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000 Apr;182(4):856-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20227580; Kass NE; Taylor HA; Anderson J; Program in Law, Ethics, and Health, Department of Health Policy; and Management, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Johns; Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; A review is presented of policy and treatment guidelines for human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnancy. Interventions that serve the best interests of pregnant women and their fetuses are suggested. Reproductive studies with animals should be done routinely, and more research with pregnant women should be co
The implications of HIV for the anaesthetist and the intensivist.: Anaesthesia. 2000 Apr;55(4):344-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20243962; Avidan MS; Jones N; Pozniak AL; Academic Department of Anaesthesia, King's College Hospital,; Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, UK.; The acquired immune deficiency syndrome has reached pandemic proportions. Anaesthetists should be aware of the implications of dealing with increasing numbers of both diagnosed and undiagnosed, symptomatic and asymptomatic, human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in the fields of intensive therapy, operating th
Kinetic analysis of the interaction between HIV-1 protease and inhibitors using optical biosensor technology.: Anal Biochem. 2000 Mar 1;279(1):71-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20148345; Markgren PO; Hamalainen M; Danielson UH; Department of Biochemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala,; S-751 23, Sweden.; The interaction between HIV-1 protease and reversible inhibitors was studied by surface plasmon resonance biosensor technology. The steady-state binding level and the time course of association and dissociation could be observed by measuring the binding of inhibitors injected in a continuous flow of buffer to the immo
Immunomodulatory treatment with low-dose interferon-alpha and oral retinoic acid in lymphangioma-like Kaposi's sarcoma.: Anticancer Res. 2000 Jan-Feb;20(1B):541-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20232555; Somos S; Farkas B; Dermatological Department, Medical University of Pecs, Hungary.; som@freemail.c3.hu; BACKGROUND: The presence of lymphangiectasis without the characteristic spindle cell proliferation may lead to diagnostic difficulties in Kaposi s sarcoma. Although the literary data mention that the lymphangioma-like tumors may occur in Kaposi s sarcoma, there have been few specific reports and case presentations pub
Chlorine, chloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ozone susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium.: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Apr;66(4):1702-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20208883; Taylor RH; Falkinham JO 3rd; Norton CD; LeChevallier MW; Fralin Biotechnology Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and; State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0346, USA.; Environmental and patient isolates of Mycobacterium avium were resistant to chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ozone. For chlorine, the product of the disinfectant concentration (in parts per million) and the time (in minutes) to 99.9% inactivation for five M. avium strains ranged from 51 to 204. Chlorine
Predictors of virological success and ensuing failure in HIV-positive patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe: results from the EuroSIDA study.: Arch Intern Med. 2000 Apr 24;160(8):1123-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248467; Paredes R; Mocroft A; Kirk O; Lazzarin A; Barton SE; van Lunzen J; Katzenstein TL; Antunes F; Lundgren JD; Clotet B; Retrovirology Laboratory irsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans; Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. 34120rpd@comb.es; BACKGROUND: Predictors of virological response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have never been systematically evaluated in a large continental multicenter cohort of unselected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people. OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors related to achieving and maintaining un
Effect of antiretroviral therapy on viral load, CD4 cell count, and progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a community human immunodeficiency virus-infected cohort. Swiss HIV Cohort Study.: Arch Intern Med. 2000 Apr 24;160(8):1134-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248468; Erb P; Battegay M; Zimmerli W; Rickenbach M; Egger M; Basel Center for HIV Research, the Institute for Medical; Microbiology, University of Basel, Switzerland.; peter.erb@unibas.ch; OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of different antiretroviral treatment regimens on viral load, CD4 lymphocyte counts, and rates of progression to clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome events among treatment-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients enrolled in a large community cohort study. MET
Trichosanthin interacts with and enters cells via LDL receptor family members.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 13;270(2):453-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20218681; Chan WL; Shaw PC; Tam SC; Jacobsen C; Gliemann J; Nielsen MS; Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry, Chinese; University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.; The type-I ribosome-inactivating protein trichosanthin displays selective cytotoxicity, suggesting specific mechanisms for entry into cells. Here we show that trichosanthin binds specifically to the endocytic receptors LRP and megalin, and that binding as well as uptake into cells is inhibited by the receptor-associat
Interaction between HIV-1 NEF and G(o) proteins in transfected COS-7 cells.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 13;270(2):570-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20218700; Guzzi F; Celano E; Levi G; Parenti M; Department of Experimental and Environmental Medicine and; Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca,; Via Cadore 48, Monza, 20052, Italy.; Nef protein of HIV/SIV lentiviruses affects G-protein-mediated signaling, and physically associates to Lck, a myristoylated and palmitoylated Src-like tyrosine kinase. To assess whether Nef interacts with alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha), carrying the same lipidation motif as Lck, we transiently ex
A risk-benefit analysis of methadone maintenance treatment.: Drug Saf. 2000 Mar;22(3):179-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20201399; Bell J; Zador D; The Langton Centre, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia.; jamesb@sesahs.nsw.gov.au; Methadone maintenance treatment for heroin (diamorphine) addiction has been extensively researched. There is consistent evidence that while in treatment, heroin addicts are at a lower risk of death, are less involved in crime, and feel and function better than while using heroin. Despite the research evidence supporti
Membrane-induced conformational change of proteins.: Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2000 Mar 31;85(2-3):257-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20228970; Sui SF; Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua; University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.; suisf@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; Many proteins exhibit both a water-soluble and a membrane-bound state. The proteins in the membrane-bound state obtain a distinct structure from that in the bulk, which exists in many important biological processes. In the present paper we would stress that the variation of the physical chemistry properties of the mic
Health care systems in transition III. Bangladesh, Part II. Bangladesh's response to HIV-AIDS.: J Public Health Med. 2000 Mar;22(1):10-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234930; Hawkes S; Azim T; Population Council New Delhi, India Habitat Centre.
Health care systems in transition III. Sri Lanka, Part II. The current status of HIV-AIDS in Sri Lanka.: J Public Health Med. 2000 Mar;22(1):21-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234932; Abeyewickreme I; de Silva K; National STD/AIDS Control Programme, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Health care systems in transition III: the Indian subcontinent [editorial]: J Public Health Med. 2000 Mar;22(1):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234928; Beck EJ; Mays N
Health care systems in transition III. India, Part II. The current status of HIV-AIDS in India.: J Public Health Med. 2000 Mar;22(1):33-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234934; Maniar JK; AIDS Clinic, G.T. Hospital, Grant Medical College, Mumbai, India.
Health care systems in transition III. Pakistan, Part II. Pakistan's response to HIV-AIDS.: J Public Health Med. 2000 Mar;22(1):43-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234936; Kazi BM; Ghaffar A; Salman M; National AIDS Control Programme, National Institute of Health,; Chak Shehzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Acute delirium induced by intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Hum Exp Toxicol. 2000 Feb;19(2):149-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20243145; Salkind AR; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Missouri-Kansas; City School of Medicine, 64108, USA.; The development of a rash in response to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) administration is a frequent adverse reaction in people with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In contrast, there are no published reports in the English language literature describing TMP-SMX induced delirium in an AIDS pati
Alloimmunization as a strategy for vaccine design against HIV/AIDS.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):309-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179112; Lehner T; Shearer GM; Hackett CJ; Schultz A; Sharma OK; Department of Immunobiology, Guy's, King's, and St. Thomas'; Medical School, London, England.
Predominance of subtype A and G HIV type 1 in Nigeria, with geographical differences in their distribution.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):315-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +; Peeters M; Esu-Williams E; Vergne L; Montavon C; Mulanga-Kabeya C; Harry T; Ibironke A; Lesage D; Patrel D; Delaporte E; Laboratoire Retrovirus, Institut de Recherche pour le; Developpement, Montpellier, France. Martine.peeters@mpl.ird.fr; The purpose of this study was to generate data on the relative prevalences of the HIV-1 subtypes circulating in Nigeria . A total of 252 HIV-1-positive samples collected during an epidemiologic survey conducted in April 1996 were genetically characterized by HMA (heteroduplex mobil
Genetic evidence of multiple transmissions of HIV type 1 subtype F within Romania from adult blood donors to children.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):327-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +; Op De Coul E; van den Burg R; Asjo B; Goudsmit J; Cupsa A; Pascu R; Usein C; Cornelissen M; Division of Public Health and Environment, Municipal Health; Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. eodcoul@gggd.amsterdam.nl; We studied the phylogeny of HIV-1 subtype F viruses from children and adults in Romania in order to (1) clarify whether the Romanian subtype F epidemic was caused by one or several virus introductions and (2) gain insight into the route of spread of the HIV-1 subtype F virus among
Evaluation of a lipopeptide immunogen as a therapeutic in HIV type 1-seropositive individuals.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):337-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179115; Seth A; Yasutomi Y; Jacoby H; Callery JC; Kaminsky SM; Koff WC; Nixon DF; Letvin NL; Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical; Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.; A 32-amino acid HIV-1 Gag immunogen was assessed for its ability to augment existing virus-specific CTL responses in chronically HIV-1-infected individuals. The immunogen was an HIV-1 synthetic lipopeptide conjugate composed of an N-palmitoyl-S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-(2R)-propyl-N-(R)-cysteinyl] group covalently coupl
Interleukin 18 and interleukin 1beta production is decreased in HIV type 1-seropositive hemophiliacs but not in HIV type 1-seropositive nonhemophiliacs.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):345-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179116; He L; Terunuma H; Hanabusa H; Iwamoto A; Oka S; Tanabe F; Chiba N; Kurimoto M; Ikeda M; Okamura H; Dai J; Iwatani Y; Ishida T; Ito M; Department of Microbiology, Yamanashi Medical University, Japan.; In Japan , the proportion of hemophiliacs infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is 40%, whereas more than 90% are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). To evaluate the immunological status of hemophiliacs infected with HIV-1, we investigated the pattern of cytoki
Increased infectivity of HIV type 1 particles bound to cell surface and solid-phase ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 through acquired adhesion molecules LFA-1 and VLA-4.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):355-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179117; Liao Z; Roos JW; Hildreth JE; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins; University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.; HIV-1 incorporates a variety of host membrane proteins during budding. We have previously shown that adhesion molecules are acquired by the virus in their activated or functional states. Our studies and those of others indicate that adhesion molecules can have profound effects on virus infectivity and its resistance t
HIV virions and HIV infection in vitro are unaffected by human granzymes A and B.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):367-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179118; Mackewicz CE; Lieberman J; Froelich C; Levy JA; Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, University; of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco 94143, USA.; Granzymes are a family of serine proteinases commonly found in the granules of CD8+ T cells. In HIV infection, CD8+ cells show cytotoxic and noncytotoxic antiviral activities. The latter is mediated, at least in part, by a secreted CD8+ cell antiviral factor, CAF. Because of the antiviral nature of CD8+ cells, we exam
Pertussis toxin enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):373-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179119; Momoi Y; Ichiyama K; Chowdhury IH; Koyanagi Y; Yamamoto N; Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University,; Japan.; Pertussis toxin (PTX) has been used as a reagent to identify involvement of the G protein-mediated signal transduction pathway. In this study, we found that PTX enhanced HIV-1 replication in acute infection systems at a high dose (1-10 microg/ml) in vitro. PTX treatment enhanced the infectivity of HIV-1-based pseudovi
Generation of CD8+ T cell-generated suppressor factor and beta-chemokines by targeted iliac lymph node immunization in rhesus monkeys challenged with SHIV-89.6P by the rectal route.: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2000 Mar 1;16(4):381-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20179120; Aubertin AM; Le Grand R; Wang Y; Beyer C; Tao L; Neildez O; Barre-Sinoussi F; Hurtrel B; Moog C; Lehner T; Girard M; INSERM, Unite 74, Institut de Virologie, Strasbourg, France.; The targeted lymph node (TLN) immunization strategy was investigated in macaques, in order to determine the efficacy in generating secretory, systemic, and cellular immune responses, CD8+ T cell-generated suppressor factors, and beta-chemokines. TLN immunization of the rectal and genital mucosa-associated iliac lymph
Trends in cancer incidence in Kyadondo County, Uganda, 1960-1997.: Br J Cancer. 2000 May;82(9):1585-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248591; Wabinga HR; Parkin DM; Wabwire-Mangen F; Nambooze S; Department of Pathology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.; Incidence rates of different cancers have been calculated for the population of Kyadondo County (Kampala, Uganda ) for four time periods (1960-1966; 1967-1971; 1991-1994; 1995-1997), spanning 38 years in total. The period coincides with marked social and lifestyle changes and with t
Penile Kaposi's sarcoma preceded by chronic penile lymphoedema.: Br J Dermatol. 2000 Jan;142(1):153-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20117432; Schwartz RA; Cohen JB; Watson RA; Gascon P; Ahkami RN; Ruszczak Z; Halpern J; Lambert WC; Department of Dermatology, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South; Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103-2714, USA.; Kaposi s sarcoma localized to the penis with striking lymphoedema is extraordinary. We report a middle-aged Haitian man who was human herpesvirus-8 seropositive, without evidence of immunosuppression or human immunodeficiency virus infection. He was first seen with Kaposi s sarcoma of 6 months duration localized to hi
Successful treatment of aphthous ulcerations in AIDS patients using topical granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.: Br J Dermatol. 2000 Jan;142(1):171-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20117436; Herranz P; Arribas JR; Navarro A; Pena JM; Gonzalez J; Rubio FA; Casado M; Departments of Dermatology, La Paz University Hospital, P degrees; Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain. pherranzp@meditex.es; Oral recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) is a well-recognized complication in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. RAU can be progressive and destructive, causing dysphagia and secondary malnutrition. The aetiology of RAU remains unknown, and its response to available treatments is often unsatisfactory
Lip papillomatosis in immunodeficiency: therapy with imiquimod [letter]: Br J Dermatol. 2000 Jan;142(1):196-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20273014; Rinne D; Linhart C; Schofer H
HIV-1 protease inhibitors: enthalpic versus entropic optimization of the binding affinity.: Biochemistry. 2000 Mar 7;39(9):2201-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20160496; Velazquez-Campoy A; Todd MJ; Freire E; Department of Biology and Biocalorimetry Center, The Johns; Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.; Existing experimental as well as computational screening methods select potential ligands or drug candidates on the basis of binding affinity. Since the binding affinity is a function of the enthalpy (DeltaH) and entropy (DeltaS) changes, it is apparent that improved binding can be achieved in different ways: by optim
Update on the pathogenesis and treatment of Kaposi sarcoma.: Curr Opin Oncol. 2000 Mar;12(2):174-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20212768; Mitsuyasu RT; Division of Hematology/Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, UCLA; Center for Clinical AIDS Research and Education, Los Angeles,; California 90095-1793, USA. mitsuya@mednet.ucla.edu; Kaposi sarcoma (KS), an unusual tumor of vascular origin, was one of the first recognized manifestations of AIDS. In the past few years, it has become clear that human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) is critical to the development of KS in the setting of immunosuppression, such as that seen with HIV infection. Other genetic and
Reversal of spontaneous progressive autoimmune encephalomyelitis by myelin basic protein-induced clonal deletion.: Autoimmunity. 1999;31(4):219-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248898; Zhang GX; Liu TT; Ventura ES; Chen Y; Rostami A; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Medical; Center, Philadelphia 19104, USA.; Autoimmune encephalomyelitis can be initiated spontaneously and developed progressively in TCR transgenic mice specific for myelin basic protein when exposed to non-sterile environment, thus more closely mimicking human multiple sclerosis. By intravenous administration of myelin basic protein, we succeeded in reversin
Pathogenesis and therapeutic concepts of organ-specific autoimmune diseases: report of an interdisciplinary workshop in Wurzburg, April 29-30, 1999.: Autoimmunity. 1999;31(4):283-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20248905; Rieckmann P; Jung S; Chan A; Kallmann B; Martin S; Department of Neurology, University of Wurzburg, Germany.
A simple vaccination model with multiple endemic states.: Math Biosci. 2000 Apr;164(2):183-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20213309; Kribs-Zaleta CM; Velasco-Hernandez JX; Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington, P.O.; Box 19408, Arlington, TX 76019-0408, USA. kribs@uta.edu; A simple two-dimensional SIS model with vaccination exhibits a backward bifurcation for some parameter values. A two-population version of the model leads to the consideration of vaccination policies in paired border towns. The results of our mathematical analysis indicate that a vaccination campaign φ meant to
Protease inhibitor-associated hyperglycemia in Mexican patients with HIV infection.: Arch Med Res. 2000 Jan-Feb;31(1):81-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231492; Palma-Aguirre A; Halabe-Cherem J; Nellen-Hummel H; Aburto-Mejia E; Ibarra-Herrera E; Ponce-Monter H; Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Farmacologia, Mexico, D.F.,; Mexico. Apalma@chdr.nl; BACKGROUND: The use of protease inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment of HIV infection. These agents are well tolerated, although the Federal Drug Administration ( FDA ) has warned U.S. doctors that protease inhibitors may preci
Seeking medical advice if HIV symptoms are suspected. Qualitative study of beliefs among HIV-negative gay men.: Can Fam Physician. 2000 Apr;46(4):861-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20251414; Godin G; Naccache H; Pelletier R; Laval University, St-Foy, Que. gaston.godin@fsi.ulaval.ca; OBJECTIVE: To identify beliefs associated with seeking medical advice promptly when symptoms of HIV infection are suspected among HIV-negative gay men. DESIGN: Qualitative study of beliefs among focus group participants. SETTING: Quebec city, Que, metropolitan area. PARTICIPANTS: Referred sample of 20 HIV-negative gay
Correlates of benzodiazepine abuse in methadone maintenance treatment. A 1 year prospective study in an Israeli clinic.: Addiction. 1999 Oct;94(10):1533-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20251501; Bleich A; Gelkopf M; Schmidt V; Hayward R; Bodner G; Adelson M; Dr Miriam & Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse Treatment; and Research, Tel-Aviv Elias Sourasky Medical Center, Israel.; bleich@post.tau.ac.il; AIMS: This study addressed the following questions for patients after 1 year of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT); (1) What are the demographic features and past history of drug use of benzodiazepine (BZD) abusers? (2) Do BZD abusers abuse more heroin, cocaine and/or cannabis and do they receive a higher methadone
Correspondence re: J. S. Mandelblatt et al., Is HIV infection a cofactor for cervical squamous cell neoplasia? Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev., 8: 97-106, 1999 [letter]: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999 Aug;8(8):729-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206002; La Ruche G; You B; Leroy V; Welffens-Ekra C; Dabis F
Serologic prevalence of antibody to human herpesvirus type 8 in patients with various monoclonal gammopathies.: Leuk Lymphoma. 2000 Mar;37(1-2):197-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20184812; Stone SA; Lennette ET; Newman JT; Burfoot A; Stone MJ; Baylor-Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University; Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.; Both viral and serologic studies have consistently shown an association of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) with Kaposi s sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and Castleman s disease. The presence of HHV-8 DNA in patients with myeloma has been reported by some investigators but not substantiated by others. In addition,
The first report of familial adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in Argentina.: Leuk Lymphoma. 2000 Mar;37(1-2):225-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20184816; Prates V; Cobos M; Bouzas B; Napal J; Bordone J; Milone J; Instituto de Trasplante de Medula Osea, Fundacion Mainetti, La; Plata, Argentina.; Here we describe two Caucasian brothers who developed adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), within a short period of time. These two patients have never left Argentina . Their parents are dead and according to the family history it is possible that the mother may have been affec
Chronic graft-versus-host disease: is there an alternative to the conventional treatment?: Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000 Apr;25(7):689-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211292; Gaziev D; Galimberti M; Lucarelli G; Polchi P; Divisione di Ematologia e Centro Trapianti di Midollo Osseo di; Muraglia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Pesaro, Pesaro, Italy.; Despite conventional and new therapies for the treatment of chronic GVHD (cGVHD), this syndrome continues to account for significant morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With the expanded use of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, matched unrelated as wel
Quantification of a very low level of serum human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA using competitive PCR at intervals and the clinical course.: Biol Pharm Bull. 2000 Mar;23(3):368-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20189433; Naitou H; Mimaya J; Horikoshi Y; Morita T; Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute for; Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.; Quantification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomic RNA levels below the detection limit (400 copies/ml) of commercially available quantification kits is possible by increasing the amount of serum samples using competitive PCR conditions. We evaluated disease prognosis in patients without symptoms fo
True HIV seroprevalence in Indian blood donors.: Transfus Med. 2000 Mar;10(1):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20224036; Choudhury N; Ayagiri A; Ray VL; Departments of; Transfusion Medicine; Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi; Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Barelly Road,; Lucknow-226014, India. nc@sgpgi.ac.in; The National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), the apex body for controlling AIDS in India , projected that HIV seroprevalence would increase from 7/1000 in 1995 to 21.2/1000 in 1997. A high incidence (8.2%) of HIV was observed in blood donors. This study was carried out to find out
AIDS: the evolving story.: Trends Microbiol. 2000 Apr;8(4):147-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219641; Phillips RE; Oxenius A; Price DA; Bangham CR; University of Oxford, Nuffield Dept of Clinical Medicine, The; John Radcliffe Hospital, Level 7, Oxford, UK OX3 9DU.; rodney.phillips@ndm.ox.ac.uk
An evaluation of five years' work in Romania.: Paediatr Nurs. 1999 Oct;11(8):32-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188337; Glasper A; University of Southampton.
Primary gastric lymphoma associated with human T-cell leukaemia virus I.: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2000 Mar;12(3):357-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20212696; Nozoe T; Matsumata T; Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Yahata General; Hospital, Yahata Higashi Ward, Japan.; We herein report a case of primary gastric lymphoma with reference to human T-cell leukaemia virus type I. A 65-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for emergency treatment of abdominal pain and haematemesis. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy on admission revealed a disintegrated tumour with bleeding in the cardi
Gene transfer of virally encoded chemokine antagonists vMIP-II and MC148 prolongs cardiac allograft survival and inhibits donor-specific immunity.: Gene Ther. 2000 Apr;7(7):575-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235037; DeBruyne LA; Li K; Bishop DK; Bromberg JS; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann; Arbor, USA.; Introducing immunomodulatory molecules into allografts by gene transfer may avoid the side-effects of systemic immunosuppression. vMIP-II and MC148 are two recently identified chemokine homologues encoded by human herpes virus 8 and Molluscum contagiosum, respectively, that have antagonistic activities against multipl
Gene transfer into stimulated and unstimulated T lymphocytes by HIV-1-derived lentiviral vectors.: Gene Ther. 2000 Apr;7(7):596-604. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235040; Costello E; Munoz M; Buetti E; Meylan PR; Diggelmann H; Thali M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.; Genetic modification of T lymphocytes holds great potential for treatments of cancer, T cell disorders and AIDS. While in the past recombinant murine retroviruses were the vectors of choice for gene delivery to T cells, vectors based on lentiviruses can provide additional benefits. Here, we show that VSV-G pseudotyped
An unusual presentation of enzootic bovine leukosis.: Can Vet J. 2000 Apr;41(4):315-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20232603; Sparling AM; Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph.; A 6-year-old, Holstein x Simmental cow diagnosed with pyelonephritis had increasing difficulty rising and became recumbent, despite treatment with antibiotics. A serological test for the bovine leukemia virus was positive; at necropsy, the left kidney and ureter and the myocardium showed lesions of lymphosarcoma, conf
German-Austrian guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection. June 1999. Deutsche AIDS-Gesellschaft (DAIG). Osterreichische AIDS-Gesellschaft (OAG).: Eur J Med Res. 2000 Mar 27;5(3):129-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20269026
Virus-associated human tumors: cervical carcinomas and papilloma viruses.: Biochemistry (Mosc). 2000 Jan;65(1):68-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20169447; Kisseljov FL; Institute of Carcinogenesis, Blokhin Russian Cancer Research; Center, Moscow, 115478, Russia. f.kis@cityline.ru; The latest experimental data on the role of viruses in the origin of human tumors are discussed. This group of viruses consists of T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV 1), herpes viruses (HHV 8 and Epstein-Barr virus), hepatitis B virus, and human papilloma viruses. The most typical feature of this group of viruses is a
Human T cell lymphotropic virus type I genomic expression and impact on intracellular signaling pathways during neurodegenerative disease and leukemia.: Front Biosci. 2000 Jan 1;5:D138-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20171917; Yao J; Wigdahl B; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State; University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033,; USA.; HTLV-I has been identified as the etiologic agent of neoplasia within the human peripheral blood T lymphocyte population, and a progressive neurologic disorder based primarily within the central nervous system. We have examined the role of HTLV-I in these two distinctly different clinical syndromes by examining the li
Pathogenesis and treatment of HIV-1 infection: recent developments (Y2K update).: Front Biosci. 2000 Jan 1;5:D30-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20171909; Dewhurst SL; da Cruz RL; Whetter L; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 2 Cancer Center,; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642, USA.; stephen_dewhurst@urmc.rochester.edu; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The pathogenesis of HIV-1-induced disease is complex and characterized by the interplay of both viral and host factors, which together determine the outcome of infection. An improved understanding of the pa
Obstructive biliary symptomatology as the first sign of HIV-infection.: J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Dec;18(4):459-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20208759; De Toma G; Codacci-Pisanelli M; Nicolanti V; Plocco M; Caterino S; Perno CF; 1st Dept. of Surgery, University of Rome La Sapienza, I.R.C.C.S.,; Italy. detoma@uniroma1.it; A 41-year-old white homosexual man presented with epigastric pain and jaundice. Physical examination showed enlargement of bilateral axillar and left inguinal lymph node, while ERCP and a CT scan suggested interruption of bile flow in the intrapancreatic tract of the common bile duct. An endoprosthesis was positioned
Dendritic cells stimulate the expansion of PML-RAR alpha specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes: its applicability for antileukemia immunotherapy.: J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Dec;18(4):485-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20208764; Osman Y; Takahashi M; Zheng Z; Toba K; Liu A; Furukawa T; Narita M; Aizawa Y; Koike T; Shibata A; First Dept. of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata; University, Japan.; Dendritic cells (DC), the most potent professional antigen-presenting cells, hold promise for improving the immunotherapy of cancer. In this study, we investigated the ability of normal donor DC pulsed ex vivo with 12 mer PML-RAR alpha (A) peptide (SGAGEAAIETQS) to generate peptide specific autologous cytotoxic T-ly
HLA class I antigens expression in renal cell carcinoma: histopathological and clinical correlation.: J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Dec;18(4):505-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20208766; Brasanac D; Muller CA; Muller GA; Hadzi-Dzokic J; Markovic-Lipkovski J; Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; Belgrade, Yugoslavia. saog@beotel.yu; Immunohistochemical analysis of HLA class I antigens expression in 26 renal cell carcinomas (RCCs)--18 clear cell, 6 granular and 2 chromophobe--was performed with indirect immunoperoxidase method. Results were correlated with extent and immunophenotype of tumor infiltrating mononuclear cells, histopathological (histo
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Human Herpesviruses 6, 7 and 8. Clearwater Beach, Florida, USA. May 13-15, 1999.: J Clin Virol. 2000 May;16(3):149-269. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20277195
The HHV6 paradox: ubiquitous commensal or insidious pathogen? A two-step in situ PCR approach.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204457; Blumberg BM; Mock DJ; Powers JM; Ito M; Assouline JG; Baker JV
Frequent HHV-6 reactivation in multiple sclerosis (MS) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204458; Ablashi DV; Eastman HB; Owen CB; Roman MM; Friedman J; Zabriskie JB; Peterson DL; Pearson GR; Whitman JE; BACKGROUND: HHV-6 is a ubiquitous virus and its infection usually occurs in childhood and then becomes a latent infection. HHV-6 reactivation has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of AIDS and several other diseases. OBJECTIVES: To determine what role HHV-6 infection or reactivation plays in the pathogenesi
Increased expression of human herpesvirus 7 in lymphoid organs of AIDS patients.: J Clin Virol. 2000 May;16(3):193-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204459; Kempf W; Muller B; Maurer R; Adams V; Campadelli Fiume G; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich,; Gloriastrasse 31, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland.; wkempf@hotmail.com; BACKGROUND: Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) interferes reciprocally with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in CD4 T lymphocytes, as infection with HIV results in a down modulation of the CD4 molecule and inhibition of replication of HHV-7, and vice versa. Correlations between HHV-7 and HIV at the organ level have not
Characterization of the human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) oncogene, kaposin (ORF K12).: J Clin Virol. 2000 May;16(3):203-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204460; Muralidhar S; Veytsmann G; Chandran B; Ablashi D; Doniger J; Rosenthal LJ; Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University Medical Center,; 3900 Reservoir Road N.W., Washington, DC, USA.; BACKGROUND: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been implicated in the etiology of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), a highly angiogenic tumor of complex histology, and two lymphoproliferative diseases, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman s disease (MCD). A number of HHV-8 encoded genes have been proposed to b
Molecular characterization of HHV-8 positive primary effusion lymphoma reveals pathogenetic and histogenetic features of the disease.: J Clin Virol. 2000 May;16(3):215-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204461; Gaidano G; Capello D; Fassone L; Gloghini A; Cilia AM; Ariatti C; Buonaiuto D; Vivenza D; Gallicchio M; Avanzi GC; Prat M; Carbone A; Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences,; Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17,; 28100, Novara, Italy. gaidano@med.unipmn.it; BACKGROUND: Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) associates with HHV-8 infection, preferentially develops in immunodeficient patients and grows in the serous body cavities. PEL derives from post-germinal center, pre-terminally differentiated B-cells. The pathogenesis of PEL is unclear and the sole identified genetic lesion
Specifics on the refinement and application of two serological assays for the detection of antibodies to HHV-8.: J Clin Virol. 2000 May;16(3):225-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204462; Edelman DC; Ketema F; Saville RD; Herman J; Sill AM; Gill PS; Blattner WA; Constantine NT; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; Maryland, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD, USA.; dedelman@umaryland.edu; BACKGROUND: Serologic assays for the detection of antibodies to human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) are important for epidemiological studies and to further investigate the proposed pathogenesis of the virus in cancer. Although a variety of assays are available, a lack of optimization and standardization makes their usef
Human herpesvirus type 8 in salivary gland tumors.: J Clin Virol. 2000 May;16(3):239-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204463; Klussmann JP; Muller A; Wagner M; Guntinas-Lichius O; Jungehuelsing M; Sloots T; Ablashi DV; Krueger GR; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Cologne Medical; School, D-50924, Cologne, Germany. peter.klussmann@uni-koeln.de; BACKGROUND: The new human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) has been detected in all types of Kaposi s sarcomas, as well as in body-cavity lymphomas and Castleman s disease, furthermore molecular biologic studies have identified a number of potential viral oncogenes. There is evidence for sexual transmission of HHV-8 in HIV-
Detection of human herpesvirus 8 DNA and antibodies to latent nuclear and lytic-phase antigens in serial samples from aids patients with Kaposi's sarcoma.: J Clin Virol. 2000 May;16(3):247-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20204464; Camera Pierrotti L; Masami Sumita L; Santos Freire W; Hehl Caiaffa Filho H; Akico Ueda Fick de Souza V; Departamento de Doencas Infecciosas and Casa da AIDS, Fundacao; Zerbini, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo,; Sao Paulo, Brazil.; BACKGROUND: human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) have recently implicated in the etiology of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), but the pathophysiologic and immunologic interactions between HHV-8 and the human host are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE: this paper intends to present partial results of a follow-up study of KS patients, de
Two distinct lineages of macaque gamma herpesviruses related to the Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus.: J Clin Virol. 2000 May;16(3):253-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF159044; Strand K; Harper E; Thormahlen S; Thouless ME; Tsai C; Rose T; Bosch ML; Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle,; WA, USA.; BACKGROUND: KSHV, Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is a necessary cofactor for the development of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). We have previously reported KSHV-related DNA sequences in retroperitoneal fibromatosis (RF) tissue from two species of macaque. The putative herpesvirus was called RFHV for RF-associated her
Identification of activated tumor antigen-reactive CD8+ cells in healthy individuals.: Oncol Rep. 2000 May-Jun;7(3):455-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20232124; Lee TV; Anderson BW; Peoples GE; Castilleja A; Murray JL; Gershenson DM; Ioannides CG; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.; Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.; We investigated the ability of HER-2 peptide E75, which maps an immunodominant CTL epitope for ovarian and breast tumor-associated lymphocytes (TAL), to activate effector functions in freshly isolated CD8+ cells from healthy individuals. IFN-gamma was rapidly induced by E75 within 20-24 h, in five of six healthy donor
Epithelial application of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A results in a selective targeting to cells in the liver, spleen and lymph node.: J Controlled Release. 2000 Mar 1;65(1-2):297-302. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20165390; Daugherty AL; McKee ML; FitzGerald DJ; Mrsny RJ; Drug Delivery/Biology Group, Department of Pharmaceutical; Research and Development, Genentech Inc., MS #6, 1 DNA Way, South; San Francisco, CA 94080-4990, USA.; Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PE) is a 67-kDa protein expressed under the selective pressure of a low iron environment. Previous studies using non-toxic PE chimeras containing a viral surface antigen, the V3 loop of MN gp120 from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), resulted in not only an effective mucos
New clinical applications of transdermal testosterone delivery in men and women.: J Controlled Release. 2000 Mar 1;65(1-2):303-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20165391; Mazer NA; Department of Medical Affairs, TheraTech, Inc. (a subsidiary of; Watson Pharmaceuticals), Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.; nmazer@watsonpharm.com; This paper reviews recent progress in the development and clinical application of testosterone transdermal delivery systems designed for physiological replacement therapy in men and women. The biopharmaceutic goal of physiologic replacement therapy is to produce serum levels and circadian patterns of testosterone and
Drug injectors and the cleaning of needles and syringes.: Eur Addict Res. 2000 Mar;6(1):20-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20196153; Hughes RA; Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of York,; Heslington, York, UK. rhidian.hughes@ukonline.co.uk; When people share needles and syringes they risk transmitting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other infections including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Cleaning needles and syringes can help to reduce, although not eliminate, these risks. This article begins by engaging with some of the li
Construction of HIV Rev peptides containing peptide nucleic acid that bind HIV RRE IIB RNA.: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2000 Feb 21;10(4):377-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20176964; Kumagai I; Takahashi T; Hamasaki K; Ueno A; Mihara H; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Bioscience and; Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohoma, Japan.; Peptides containing peptide nucleic acid (PNA) have been designed and synthesized to construct molecules recognizing a bulge or a loop structure of RNA. Such peptides were here designed from the HIV Rev protein that can bind the stem-loop IIB of the Rev responsive element (RRE) RNA. Variations of PNA modulated the bin
Enhancing the aqueous solubility of d4T-based phosphoramidate prodrugs.: Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2000 Feb 21;10(4):381-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20176965; Siddiqui A; McGuigan C; Ballatore C; Srinivasan S; De Clercq E; Balzarini J; Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, UK.; A range of polyether para-substituted phosphoramidates were synthesised and found to have substantially elevated aqueous solubilities compared to the underivatised parent prodrug. A 30-fold increase in aqueous solubility could be achieved without a substantial decrease of in vitro activity against HIV-1. Replacement o
HAART and Mycobacterium avium complex in an HIV infected patient with severe factor VII deficiency.: Haemophilia. 2000 Mar;6(2):116-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244040; Girmenia C; Martino P; Mazzucconi MG; Bizzoni L; Cassone A; Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, University; 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy. girmenia@bce.med.uniroma1.it; A clinical syndrome represented by the association of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection with initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been recently described in patients with advanced HIV disease. HAART-associated improvement of the immune status might convert a clinically silent MAC in
Cardiac surgery and catheterization in patients with haemophilia.: Haemophilia. 2000 Mar;6(2):84-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244033; MacKinlay N; Taper J; Renisson F; Rickard K; Haemophilia Centre, Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred; Hospital, Missenden Rd, Camperdown NSW 2050, Australia.; The present study summarizes the results of 12 cardiac surgical procedures performed in a carrier of Haemophilia B and in six patients with Haemophilia A at a single centre from 1979 to 1998. The median age of the patients at the time of intervention was 56 years ranging from 18 years to 73 years. The six patients wit
Prevalence of human parvovirus B19 and TT virus in a group of young haemophiliacs in South Africa.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244035; Rubinstein R; Karabus CD; Smuts H; Kolia F; Van Rensburg EJ; A well recognized hazard of transfusion with blood or blood products is the acquisition of a viral infection. Parvovirus B19 and transfusion transmitted virus (TTV) are two of several
Safety and immunogenicity of subcutaneous hepatitis A vaccine in children with haemophilia.: Haemophilia. 2000 Mar;6(2):98-103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20244036; Ragni MV; Lusher JM; Koerper MA; Manco-Johnson M; Krause DS; Haemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania, University of; Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; Individuals with Haemophilia are at risk from hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection through exposure to blood products. Havrix(R), an intramuscular hepatitis A vaccine, is currently recommended for the prevention of disease caused by hepatitis A virus. Because bleeding may complicate intramuscular injections in those with
Correlation of loss of CD4 T cells with plasma levels of both soluble form Fas (CD95) Fas ligand (FasL) in HIV-infected infants.: Clin Immunol. 2000 Apr;95(1 Pt 1):20-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252402; Hosaka N; Oyaizu N; Than S; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital-New; York University School of Medicine, Manhasset 11030, USA.; Fas and Fas ligand (FasL), members of the TNFR and TNF families of molecules involved in apoptosis, respectively, are expressed in membrane-associated as well as soluble forms. Soluble Fas (sFas) and sFasL were evaluated in sequential samples from 16 HIV-infected and 11 HIV-exposed uninfected infants at ages 0-13 mont
The complexicity of cytokine treatment in ongoing EAE induced with MBP peptide 68-86 in Lewis rats.: Clin Immunol. 2000 Apr;95(1 Pt 1):70-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252408; Xu LY; Ishikawa M; Huang YM; Levi M; van der Meide PH; Wahren B; Link H; Xiao BG; Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.; IL-10 and TGF-beta1 are important immunoregulatory cytokines associated with clinical remissions in multiple sclerosis and amelioration of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). IL-10 and TGF-beta1 have previously been shown to prevent the development of EAE. Here, we study effects of IL-10 and TGF-beta1 in on
A locus closely linked to Mtv7 on mouse chromosome 1 influences development of acute versus chronic graft-versus-host disease in a murine model.: Clin Immunol. 2000 Apr;95(1 Pt 1):9-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20252401; Allen RD; Slayback DL; Harper JM; Aguirre TL; Dobkins JA; Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University at; Indianapolis, 46202, USA.; The relationship between acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is not well understood. A murine model of acute and chronic GVHD is the B6D2F1 parent-->F1 model in which transfer of C57BL/6 parental strain lymphoid cells to B6D2F1 recipients results in development of Th1-mediated acute GVHD, whereas transf
HIV eradication: thinking the unthinkable [editorial]: J Hum Virol. 1999 Nov-Dec;2(6):321-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234581; Fox CH; Cottler-Fox M
Coreceptor usage and RANTES sensitivity of non-syncytium-inducing HIV-1 isolates obtained from patients with AIDS.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF199043; Jansson M; Backstrom E; Bjorndal A; Holmberg V; Rossi P; Fenyo EM; Popovic M; Albert J; Wigzell H; OBJECTIVES: The biologic phenotype of HIV-1 primary isolates obtained from approximately 50% of patients who progress to AIDS switches from non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) to syncytium-inducing (SI). We evaluated possible associations between virus coreceptor usage, sensitivity to inhibition by beta-chemokines, and disea
Molecular epidemiology of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission in Greece: evidence of non-B subtypes.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Nov-Dec;2(6):339-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234583; Paraskevis D; Magiorkinis E; Theodoridou M; Mostrou G; Papaevangelou V; Kiosses VG; Hatzakis A; Matsaniotis N; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Athens University Medical; School, Greece.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the subtype classification of the circulating virus strains among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected children in Greece . STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Since the beginning of the acquired immunode
Different outcomes in patients achieving complete or partial viral load suppression on antiretroviral therapy.: J Hum Virol. 1999 Nov-Dec;2(6):344-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234584; de Mendoza C; Soriano V; Perez-Olmeda M; Rodes B; Casas E; Gonzalez-Lahoz J; Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Instituto de; Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; BACKGROUND: Potent combination antiretroviral therapy can reduce HIV plasma viral load (VL) to levels below the detection limit for as long as 2 years or more. A VL
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (CD 30+), T-phenotype, in the heart of an HIV-positive man.: Cardiovasc Pathol. 2000 Jan-Feb;9(1):49-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20214296; Burke AP; Andriko JA; Virmani R; Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000, USA.; Non-Hodgkin s lymphomas described in patients with HIV-infection are most often high-grade B-cell lymphomas. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (CD 30+) has been described in a minority of immunocompromised patients. Although sporadic reports of T-cell lymphomas associated with HIV infection are found in the literature, t
Alprazolam-ritonavir interaction: implications for product labeling.: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Apr;67(4):335-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20259179; Greenblatt DJ; von Moltke LL; Harmatz JS; Durol AL; Daily JP; Graf JA; Mertzanis P; Hoffman JL; Shader RI; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts; University School of Medicine and New England Medical Center,; Boston, MA 02111, USA. dj.greenblatt@tufts.edu; BACKGROUND: Pharmacokinetic interactions involving antiretroviral therapies may critically influence the efficacy and toxicity of these drugs, as well as pharmacologic treatments of coincident or complicating diseases. The viral protease inhibitor ritonavir is of particular concern since it both inhibits and induces t
The steady-state disposition of indinavir is not altered by the concomitant administration of clarithromycin.: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Apr;67(4):351-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20259181; Boruchoff SE; Sturgill MG; Grasing KW; Seibold JR; McCrea J; Winchell GA; Kusma SE; Deutsch PJ; Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of; New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ,; USA.; STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and potential pharmacokinetic interaction between indinavir and clarithromycin. STUDY METHODS: In a randomized, three-period, crossover fashion, 12 healthy adults received the following for 1 week: 800 mg oral
Pseudoaneurysms of large arteries associated with AIDS.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20028225; Piccinato CE; Cherri J; Moriya T; Souza AC; BACKGROUND: Several vascular complications are known to occur in association with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and recent publications have called attention to the development of pseudoaneurysms of large arteries in patients with AIDS. CASE REPORT: We report on 2 patients with AIDS aged 23 and 31 year
Enteric parasites and AIDS.: Sao Paulo Med J. 1999 Nov 4;117(6):266-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20093101; Cimerman S; Cimerman B; Lewi DS; Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, Universidade Federal de; Sao Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil. sc@mandic.com.br; OBJECTIVE: To report on the importance of intestinal parasites in patients with AIDS, showing relevant data in the medical literature, with special emphasis on epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of enteroparasitosis, especially cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis , microspor
S-nitrosylation of viral proteins: molecular bases for antiviral effect of nitric oxide.: IUBMB Life. 1999 Jul;48(1):25-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20250574; Colasanti M; Persichini T; Venturini G; Ascenzi P; Department of Biology, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.; Nitric oxide (NO) is considered an important signaling molecule implied in various different physiological processes, including nervous transmission, vascular regulation, and immune defence, as well as the pathogenesis of several diseases. NO reportedly also has an antiviral effect on several DNA and RNA virus familie
The selective expansion of functional T cell subsets.: J Hematother Stem Cell Res. 1999 Oct;8(5):525-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20250565; Skea D; Hedge R; Dabek B; Wettlaufer B; Wong T; Bell D; Hemosol Incorporated, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada.; Adoptive cellular immunotherapy is considered a potential treatment for a wide range of diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders. We have developed a method using a conditioned medium, XLCM, that selectively expands several different T cell subsets with a view to their use in cell ther
Genomic screening for blood-borne viruses in transfusion settings.: Clin Lab Haematol. 2000 Feb;22(1):1-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20225633; Allain JP; Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology,; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; The residual risk of post-transfusion human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is low but slightly higher for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), the main reason being viraemia during the window period preceding antibody or antigen detection by enzyme immunoassays. Immunosilent-infected individual
Analysis of multivariate failure-time data from HIV clinical trials.: Control Clin Trials. 2000 Apr;21(2):75-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20181747; Walker AS; Babiker AG; Darbyshire JH; MRC Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom.; We illustrate the use of marginal methods for the analysis of multivariate failure-time data using a large trial in HIV infection in which the composite endpoint of AIDS or death incorporates more than 20 events with varying severity. Multivariate failure-time methods are required to investigate whether treatment dela
Resilience and risk: childhood and uncertainty in the AIDS epidemic.: Cult Med Psychiatry. 2000 Mar;24(1):101-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20218137; Pivnick A; Villegas N; The Women's Center, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.; In a study of depression and risk among HIV-affected young people (children whose parents are infected with or have died from HIV/AIDS), subjects did not report high risk sexual or substance use behavior. Findings are attributed to parental participation in a community-based HIV service program that provides parents w
[Pneumocystosis in HIV infected patients presenting with acid-fast bacilli negative pneumopathy at the Central University Hospital at Dakar]: Dakar Med. 1999;44(1):28-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20258317; Dieng Y; Ndour A; Gaye O; Diouf G; Dieng T; Soumare M; Seydi M; Bah IB; Faye O; Ndir O; Faye Niang MA; Diallo S; Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie de la Faculte de; Medecine, Pharmacie et d'Odonto-Stomatologie de l'Universite; Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Senegal.; Pneumocystosis is an opportunist parasitic disease which occurs currently at Europe and United States in HIV infected patients. In Africa, the disease is not current. Pneumocystosis has been detected in the Fann medical universitary center at Dakar from HIV infected patients with acido
A comparison of the activity, sequence specificity, and CRM1-dependence of different nuclear export signals.: Exp Cell Res. 2000 Apr 10;256(1):213-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20249320; Henderson BR; Eleftheriou A; Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, University of Sydney,; Westmead, New South Wales, 2145, Australia.; berich@westgate.wh.usyd; Nuclear export sequences (NESs) have been identified in many cellular proteins, but it remains unclear how different NESs compare in activity. We describe a sensitive new in vivo export assay which we have used to assess the relative export activity of different types of NES. The most common type of export sequence re
Relationship dynamics, ethnicity and condom use among low-income women.: Fam Plann Perspect. 2000 Mar-Apr;32(2):82-8, 101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239510; Soler H; Quadagno D; Sly DF; Riehman KS; Eberstein IW; Harrison DF; Center for the Study of Population and Department of Sociology,; Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA.; CONTEXT: Women s protection against HIV and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) depends upon their ability to negotiate safer sex. It is important to know how cultural norms and gender roles, which vary by ethnicity, may either constrain or encourage negotiation of condom use. METHODS: Questionnaires were completed b
The plant ribosome inactivating proteins luffin and saporin are potent inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase.: FEBS Lett. 2000 Apr 14;471(2-3):169-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20231706; Au TK; Collins RA; Lam TL; Ng TB; Fong WP; Wan DC; Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,; Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.; The ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a group of proteins that are able to inactivate eukaryotic protein synthesis by attacking the 28S ribosomal RNA. Recent studies have shown that some RIPs possess strong anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity. In this study, several common plant RIPs including agr
Treatment of chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection in the Eastern woodchuck (Marmota monax) with nucleoside analogues is predictive of therapy for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in humans.: Hepatology. 2000 May;31(5):1165-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20257987; Korba BE; Cote P; Hornbuckle W; Tennant BC; Gerin JL; Division of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Georgetown; University Medical Center, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.; korbabe@gusun.georgetown.edu; The woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) and its natural host, the Eastern woodchuck (Marmota monax), have been established as a model of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced disease. Several published studies have used this experimental animal model system to demonstrate potential antiviral therapies for chronic HBV infections
Human immunodeficiency virus infection transmitted through breast milk.: Indian J Pediatr. 1997 May-Jun;64(3):415-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234360; Trehan A; Marwaha RK; Sehgal S; Singh S; Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical; Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.; Perinatal acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus is responsible for most cases of pediatric AIDS. Breast feeding has been found to carry a higher risk of transmission of HIV and is not recommended to HIV infected mothers in the western world. In our country we have to be aware of the increasing incidence of pedia
The role of intravenous immunoglobulins in pediatric diseases.: Indian Pediatr. 1999 Jan;36(1):51-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20175447; Ramasubramanian KV; Kumar A; Kabra SK; Seth V; Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical; Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India.
Cellular and humoral factors in colostrum of HIV infected and uninfected lactating mothers.: Indian Pediatr. 1999 Apr;36(4):362-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20183698; Manohar AA; Williamson M; Kamat HA; Koppikar GV; Merchant RH; Department of Microbiology, T.N. Medical College and B.Y.L. Nair; Charitable Hospital, Mumbai Central, Mumbai 400 008, India.; OBJECTIVE: To compare the cellular and humoral factors in colostrum from HIV infected and uninfected lactating mothers. DESIGN: Cross sectional study. SETTING: Maternity Ward. METHODS: Colostrum was collected from 130 mothers (62 HIV seropositives and 68 HIV seronegatives). These colostrum samples were tested for tota
Cigarette smoking, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV/AIDS.: Int J Dermatol. 2000 Jan;39(1):1-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20117849; Wolf R; Freedman D; Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and; the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv,; Israel.
Cutaneous histoplasmosis associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).: Int J Dermatol. 2000 Jan;39(1):35-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20117858; Bonifaz A; Cansela R; Novales J; de Oca GM; Navarrete G; Romo J; Dermatology Service and Mycology Department, General Hospital of; Mexico, "Centro Dermatologico Pascua," and Infectology Service,; General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
Verrucous varicella zoster virus lesions associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [letter]: Int J Dermatol. 2000 Jan;39(1):77-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20269016; Kimya-Asadi A; Tausk FA; Nousari HC
Langerhans cells, orthotopic corneal allografts, and direct and indirect pathways of T-cell allorecognition.: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 May;41(6):1422-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256516; Sano Y; Ksander BR; Streilein JW; Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; PURPOSE: To determine after orthotopic corneal allografting the role of Langerhans cells in activation of T cells via the direct and indirect pathways of allorecognition and the relationship between these pathways and the rapidity of graft rejection. METHODS: Corneas from eyes of normal mice and from eyes after superf
Prevalence of enteric zoonotic organisms in cats.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20172674; Hill SL; Cheney JM; Taton-Allen GF; Reif JS; Bruns C; Lappin MR; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of enteric zoonotic organisms in cats in north-central Colorado. DESIGN: Prospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Serum and fecal samples from 87 cats with diarrhea, 106 cats without diarrhea, and 12 cats for which fecal consistency was unknown. PROCEDURES: Samples were obtained from cl
Diagnostic significance of immunoglobulins and adenosine deaminase in pleural effusion.: J Assoc Physicians India. 1999 Aug;47(8):787-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241091; Ghelani DR; Parikh FS; Hakim AS; Pai-Dhungat JV; Dept of Medicine, BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai.; OBJECTIVES: 1) To evaluate the diagnostic significance of ELISA for detection of antibodies to antigen A60 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in patients with pleural effusion without prior history of tuberculosis, 2) To study the importance of the above tests in patients with HIV infection an
Tuberculin sensitivity in HIV--seropositive patients [letter]: J Assoc Physicians India. 1999 Aug;47(8):845. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241112; Nanivadekar AS; Bordawekar R
Cryptococcal meningitis in immunocompetent individuals.: J Assoc Physicians India. 1999 Sep;47(9):933-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20241139; Madan M; Ranjitham M; Chandrasekharan S; Sudhakar; Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and; Research Institute, Porur, Chennai.
Could a common biochemical mechanism underlie addictions?: J Clin Pharm Ther. 2000 Feb;25(1):11-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20235688; Betz C; Mihalic D; Pinto ME; Raffa RB; Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140,; USA.; The subject of drug addiction is multifaceted and many aspects of it (even some of the definitions) are controversial. Collateral medical problems include the spread of HIV and hepatitis C virus secondary to i.v. drug abuse and effects on prenatal brain development (1). Progress in the understanding of the causes of
Emergence of drug resistance mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 2-infected subjects undergoing antiretroviral therapy.: J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Apr;38(4):1370-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF139054; Rodes B; Holguin A; Soriano V; Dourana M; Mansinho K; Antunes F; Gonzalez-Lahoz J; Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Instituto de; Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; The reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease genes from 12 human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-infected individuals who had been exposed to antiretroviral drugs for longer than 6 months were examined for the presence of mutations which could be involved in drug resistance. Four individuals carried virus genotyp
Quantitative analysis of human herpesvirus 8 viral load using a real-time PCR assay.: J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Apr;38(4):1404-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211664; Lallemand F; Desire N; Rozenbaum W; Nicolas JC; Marechal V; Service de Microbiologie, Equipe d'accueil E.A. 2391, Hopital; Rothschild, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France.; We have developed a quantitative real-time PCR (TaqMan) assay aimed at measuring the cellular human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) DNA load in various clinical samples. Standard curves were obtained by serial dilutions of a control plasmid containing both HHV-8 (ORF73 gene) and the cellular target (human albumin gene). The ass
Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in different biological compartments.: J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Apr;38(4):1414-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211666; Shepard RN; Schock J; Robertson K; Shugars DC; Dyer J; Vernazza P; Hall C; Cohen MS; Fiscus SA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North; Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7140,; USA.; Little information is available describing viral loads in body fluids other than blood. In addition, the suitability of commercially available assays for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA quantitation has not been evaluated in most nonblood fluids. We compared Organon Teknika s nucleic acid sequence-base
A multisite trial comparing two cytomegalovirus (CMV) pp65 antigenemia test kits, biotest CMV brite and Bartels/Argene CMV antigenemia.: J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Apr;38(4):1430-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211669; St George K; Boyd MJ; Lipson SM; Ferguson D; Cartmell GF; Falk LH; Rinaldo CR; Landry ML; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; A total of 513 blood specimens, predominantly from organ transplant recipients, human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients, and bone marrow transplant recipients, were tested for cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) by culture and pp65
Evaluation of diagnostic value and epidemiological implications of PCR for Pneumocystis carinii in different immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patient groups.: J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Apr;38(4):1461-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211675; Sing A; Trebesius K; Roggenkamp A; Russmann H; Tybus K; Pfaff F; Bogner JR; Emminger C; Heesemann J; Max von Pettenkofer-Institut fur Hygiene und Medizinische; Mikrobiologie, Ludwig Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, 80336; Munich, Germany. sing@m3401.mpk.med.uni-muenchen.de; To evaluate the value of single and nested PCRs for diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in a variety of respiratorily distressed patient groups, 574 respiratory samples from 334 patients (89 human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]-positive patients, 61 transplant recipients, 66 malignancy patients, 34 otherwi
Emergence of resistance of Candida albicans to clotrimazole in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children: in vitro and clinical correlations.: J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Apr;38(4):1563-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211693; Pelletier R; Peter J; Antin C; Gonzalez C; Wood L; Walsh TJ; Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 20892, USA.; Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is a common opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and other immunocompromised hosts. Clotrimazole troches are widely used in the treatment of mucosal candidiasis. However, little is known about the potential contribution of clotrimazole resistan
Evaluation of phenotypic markers for selection and identification of Candida dubliniensis.: J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Apr;38(4):1599-608. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20211699; Tintelnot K; Haase G; Seibold M; Bergmann F; Staemmler M; Franz T; Naumann D; Robert Koch-Institute, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt; University, Berlin, Germany. tinelnotk@rki.de; Candida dubliniensis is often associated with C. albicans in cultures. Easy-to-perform selective isolation procedures for these closely related species do not exist. Therefore, we evaluated previously described discriminatory phenotypic markers for C. dubliniensis. A total of 150 oral rinses from human immunodeficienc
Chronic colitis in IL-10-/- mice: insufficient counter regulation of a Th1 response.: Int Rev Immunol. 2000;19(1):91-121. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20188659; Davidson NJ; Fort MM; Muller W; Leach MW; Rennick DM; DNAX Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Palo; Alto, CA 94304, USA.; IL-10-deficient (IL-10-/-) mice, generated by a gene-targeted mutation, develop abnormal immune responses as a result of uncontrolled interactions between antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes. The studies reviewed herein have focused on the enterocolitis that spontaneously develops in IL-10-/- mice. Not unexpected
Globalization, coca-colonization and the chronic disease epidemic: can the Doomsday scenario be averted?: J Intern Med. 2000 Mar;247(3):301-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20225891; Zimmet P; International Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.; There are at present approximately 110 million people with diabetes in the world but this number will reach over 220 million by the year 2010, the majority of them with type 2 diabetes. Thus there is an urgent need for strategies to prevent the emerging global epidemic of type 2 diabetes to be implemented. Tackling di
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus-8) open reading frame 36 protein is a serine protein kinase.: J Gen Virol. 2000 Apr;81 Pt 4:1067-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191969; Park J; Lee D; Seo T; Chung J; Choe J; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of; Science and Technology, Taejeon 305-701, Korea.; Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a gammaherpesvirus that is implicated in the pathogenesis of Kaposi s sarcoma. The nucleotide sequence of the KSHV open reading frame (ORF) 36 predicts a polypeptide with significant sequence homology to known protein kinases. In this paper, we show that KSHV ORF36 mRN
Interaction of mannose-binding lectin with primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: J Gen Virol. 2000 Apr;81 Pt 4:949-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191955; Saifuddin M; Hart ML; Gewurz H; Zhang Y; Spear GT; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University, 1653 West; Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. msaifudd@rush.edu; Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is present in human serum and plays an important role in innate immunity by binding to carbohydrate on micro-organisms. Whereas the gp120/gp41 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) contains numerous N-linked glycosylation sites and many of these sites contain high-mannose glycans
Long-term protection against bovine leukaemia virus replication in cattle and sheep.: J Gen Virol. 2000 Apr;81 Pt 4:957-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191956; Kerkhofs P; Gatot JS; Knapen K; Mammerickx M; Burny A; Portetelle D; Willems L; Kettmann R; Department of Virology, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research; Centre, B-1180 Uccle, Belgium. piker@var.fgov.be; In this report, we have evaluated the ability of two different types of live attenuated bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) variants (BLV DX and BLV 6073) to protect cattle and sheep against a heterologous wild-type BLV challenge. Four months after challenge, the protection of the vaccinated animals was effective in contrast
Protective effects of a live attenuated bovine leukaemia virus vaccine with deletion in the R3 and G4 genes.: J Gen Virol. 2000 Apr;81 Pt 4:965-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191957; Reichert M; Cantor GH; Willems L; Kettmann R; National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland.; reichert@piwet.pulawy.pl; In this study the protective effects of a live attenuated bovine leukaemia provirus (pBLVDX) with deletion in the R3 and G4 genes were tested. Six out of six sheep appeared to resist challenge with parental BLV344. Two out of three animals transfected with pBLVDX were protected against challenge with bovine leukaemia
Spontaneously proliferating lymphocytes from bovine leukaemia virus-infected, lymphocytotic cattle are not the virus-expressing lymphocytes, as these cells are delayed in G(0)/G(1) of the cell cycle and are spared from apoptosis.: J Gen Virol. 2000 Apr;81 Pt 4:971-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20191958; Stone DM; Norton LK; Davis WC; Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington; State University, PO Box 647040, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.; dstone@vetmed.wsu.edu; Bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) is in the family of oncogenic retroviruses which includes human T cell leukaemia virus (HTLV). BLV infects B lymphocytes and induces a non-neoplastic persistent lymphocytosis (PL) of B lymphocytes in cattle. A characteristic of BLV- and HTLV-induced disease is spontaneous lymphocyte prolif
Dental caries and periodontal disease (prevention and control methods).: J Philipp Dent Assoc. 1999 Jun-Aug;51(1):29-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268403; Juan SP; College of Dentistry, Iloilo Doctors College.; There is a compelling need to apply preventive programs in both private and community practice of dentistry. This is to maintain improvements in oral health in developed and industrialized countries, and to stem increases in oral diseases in underserved and developing ones. At the outset, the terms prevention and cont
Management of occupational exposures to bloodborne viruses: HIV post-exposure prophylaxis.: J Mich Dent Assoc. 1999 Sep;81(7):16, 44-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20268395; Verhagen C; Unlike exposure to hepatitis B-infected blood, where risk of transmission is low and post-exposure prophylaxis is safe and effective, exposure to HIV is much different. This risk of HIV transmission is extremely low and the safety and efficacy of chemoprophylaxis is uncertain. Dental health care workers should be made
Chimeric matrix proteins encoded by defective proviruses with large internal deletions in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-infected humans.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):3933-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219384; Morozov VA; Lagaye S; Taylor GP; Matutes E; Weiss RA; Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London; SW3 6JB, United Kingdom.; Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and other diseases. The mechanisms of virus pathogenesis are still obscure. The occurrence of defective proviruses in HTLV-1-infected cell li
Adenovirus vector-induced expression of the C-X-C chemokine IP-10 is mediated through capsid-dependent activation of NF-kappaB.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):3941-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219385; Borgland SL; Bowen GP; Wong NC; Libermann TA; Muruve DA; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,; Canada.; The use of adenovirus vectors for gene therapy has been limited by well-defined cellular and humoral immune responses. We have previously shown that adenovirus vectors rapidly induce the expression of the C-X-C chemokine, interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), in vivo. Various first-generation, type 5 adenovirus vec
Evidence for viral virulence as a predominant factor limiting human immunodeficiency virus vaccine efficacy.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4017-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219393; Mooij P; Bogers WM; Oostermeijer H; Koornstra W; Ten Haaft PJ; Verstrepen BE; Van Der Auwera G; Heeney JL; Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Center, 2280; GH Rijswijk, The Netherlands.; Current strategies in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine development are often based on the production of different vaccine antigens according to particular genetic clades of HIV-1 variants. To determine if virus virulence or genetic distance had a greater impact on HIV-1 vaccine efficacy, we designed
Isolation and characterization of an equine foamy virus.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4064-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF201902; Tobaly-Tapiero J; Bittoun P; Neves M; Guillemin MC; Lecellier CH; Puvion-Dutilleul F; Gicquel B; Zientara S; Giron ML; de The H; Saib A; CNRS UPR9051, Universite Paris 7, Hopital Saint-Louis, 75475; Paris Cedex 10, France.; Foamy viruses (FVs) are complex retroviruses which have been isolated from different animal species including nonhuman primates, cattle, and cats. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a new FV isolated from blood samples of horses. Similar to other FVs, the equine foamy virus (EFV) exhibits a highly c
Polyomavirus-infected dendritic cells induce antiviral CD8(+) T lymphocytes.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4093-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219401; Drake DR 3rd; Moser JM; Hadley A; Altman JD; Maliszewski C; Butz E; Lukacher AE; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.; CD8(+) T cells are critical for the clearance of acute polyomavirus infection and the prevention of polyomavirus-induced tumors, but the antigen-presenting cell(s) involved in generating polyomavirus-specific CD8(+) T cells have not been defined. We investigated whether dendritic cells and macrophages are permissive f
Protection of the villus epithelial cells of the small intestine from rotavirus infection does not require immunoglobulin A.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4102-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219402; O'Neal CM; Harriman GR; Conner ME; Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine,; Houston, Texas 77030, USA.; Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the primary immune response induced in the intestine by rotavirus infection, but vaccination with virus-like particles induces predominantly IgG, not IgA. To definitively assess the role of IgA in protection from rotavirus infection, IgA knockout mice, which are devoid of serum and secretory
Induction of indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase in primary human macrophages by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is strain dependent.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4110-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219403; Grant RS; Naif H; Thuruthyil SJ; Nasr N; Littlejohn T; Takikawa O; Kapoor V; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine,; University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.; Increased kynurenine pathway metabolism has been implicated in the etiology of AIDS dementia complex (ADC). The rate-limiting enzyme for this pathway is indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). We tested the efficacy of different strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1-BaL, H
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) CD8(+) T-lymphocyte reactivity during combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected patients with advanced immunodeficiency.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4127-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219405; Rinaldo CR Jr; Huang XL; Fan Z; Margolick JB; Borowski L; Hoji A; Kalinyak C; McMahon DK; Riddler SA; Hildebrand WH; Day RB; Mellors JW; Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261,; USA. rinaldo+@pitt.edu; The long-term efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy may relate to augmentation of anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) CD8(+) T-cell responses. We found that prolonged treatment of late-stage HIV-1-infected patients with a protease inhibitor and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors fail
Simian immunodeficiency virus containing mutations in N-terminal tyrosine residues and in the PxxP motif in Nef replicates efficiently in rhesus macaques.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4155-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219408; Carl S; Iafrate AJ; Lang SM; Stolte N; Stahl-Hennig C; Matz-Rensing K; Fuchs D; Skowronski J; Kirchhoff F; Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of; Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.; SIVmac Nef contains two N-terminal tyrosines that were proposed to be part of an SH2-ligand domain and/or a tyrosine-based endocytosis signal and a putative SH3-ligand domain (P(104)xxP(107)). In the present study, we investigated the effects of combined mutations in these tyrosine and proline residues on simian immun
A global neutralization resistance phenotype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is determined by distinct mechanisms mediating enhanced infectivity and conformational change of the envelope complex.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4183-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219411; Park EJ; Gorny MK; Zolla-Pazner S; Quinnan GV Jr; Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed; Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; 20814, USA.; We have described previously genetic characterization of neutralization-resistant, high-infectivity, and neutralization-sensitive, low-infectivity mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) MN envelope. The distinct phenotypes of these clones are attributable to six mutations affecting functional interacti
The nucleotide sequence of koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) retrovirus: a novel type C endogenous virus related to Gibbon ape leukemia virus.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4264-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF151794; Hanger JJ; Bromham LD; McKee JJ; O'Brien TM; Robinson WF; Division of Veterinary Pathology and Anatomy, University of; Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Australia.; A novel retrovirus, morphologically consistent with mammalian C-type retroviruses, was detected by electron microscopy in mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from 163 koalas and in lymphoma tissue from 3 koalas. PCR amplified provirus from the blood and tissues of 17 wild and captive koalas,
Rescue of multiple viral functions by a second-site suppressor of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid mutation.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4273-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219422; Cimarelli A; Sandin S; Hoglund S; Luban J; Department of Microbiology, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.; Human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) bearing the nucleocapsid (NC) mutation R10A/K11A is replication defective. After serial passage of the mutant virus in tissue culture, we isolated a revertant that retained the original mutation. It had acquired, in addition, a new mutation (E21K) that was formally demonstrated to
Reevaluation of amino acid variability of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein and prediction of new discontinuous epitopes.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4335-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219429; Yamaguchi-Kabata Y; Gojobori T; Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics,; Mishima 411-8540, Japan.; To elucidate the evolutionary mechanisms of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein at the single-site level, the degree of amino acid variation and the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions were examined in 186 nucleotide sequences for gp120 (subtype B). Analyses of amino a
Unusual polymorphisms in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 associated with nonprogressive infection.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4361-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219431; Alexander L; Weiskopf E; Greenough TC; Gaddis NC; Auerbach MR; Malim MH; O'Brien SJ; Walker BD; Sullivan JL; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772, USA.; Factors accounting for long-term nonprogression may include infection with an attenuated strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), genetic polymorphisms in the host, and virus-specific immune responses. In this study, we examined eight individuals with nonprogressing or slowly progressing HIV-1 infection,
N-linked glycosylation of CXCR4 masks coreceptor function for CCR5-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4404-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219435; Chabot DJ; Chen H; Dimitrov DS; Broder CC; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services; University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799,; USA.; The chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR5 are the principal coreceptors for infection of X4 and R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates, respectively. Here we report on the unexpected observation that the removal of the N-linked glycosylation sites in CXCR4 potentially allows the protein to serve as a uni
A mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease, N88S, that causes in vitro hypersensitivity to amprenavir.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4414-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219436; Ziermann R; Limoli K; Das K; Arnold E; Petropoulos CJ; Parkin NT; ViroLogic Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.; Amprenavir ( Agenerase , 141-W94, VX-478) is a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor (PRI) recently approved for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in the
Retroviral vector targeting to human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells by receptor pseudotyping.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4420-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219437; Somia NV; Miyoshi H; Schmitt MJ; Verma IM; Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological; Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; We report the generation of retroviral vectors based on Moloney murine leukemia virus that specifically transduce cells infected with T-cell-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This vector was pseudotyped with T-cell-tropic HIV-1 receptors CD4 and CXCR4. We demonstrate that transduction is contingent u
High frequency of virus-specific interleukin-2-producing CD4(+) T cells and Th1 dominance during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4429-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219439; Varga SM; Welsh RM; Program in Immunology and Virology, University of Massachusetts; Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA.; Analysis of C57BL/6 mice acutely infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) by using intracellular cytokine staining revealed a high frequency (2 to 10%) of CD4(+) T cells secreting the Th1-associated cytokines interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ), gamma interferon (IFN-g
Envelope glycoprotein determinants of increased fusogenicity in a pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV-KB9) passaged in vivo.: J Virol. 2000 May;74(9):4433-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20219440; Etemad-Moghadam B; Sun Y; Nicholson EK; Fernandes M; Liou K; Gomila R; Lee J; Sodroski J; Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer; Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; Changes in the envelope glycoprotein ectodomains of a nonpathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV-89.6) that was serially passaged in vivo have been shown to be responsible for the increased pathogenicity of the resulting virus, SHIV-KB9 (G. B. Karlsson, et al., J. Exp. Med. 188:1159-1171, 1998). The 12 am
Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adult HIV-1 infection: recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA Panel [see comments]: JAMA. 2000 May 10;283(18):2417-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20271530; Hirsch MS; Brun-Vezinet F; D'Aquila RT; Hammer SM; Johnson VA; Kuritzkes DR; Loveday C; Mellors JW; Clotet B; Conway B; Demeter LM; Vella S; Jacobsen DM; Richman DD; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA.; hirsch.martin@mgh.harvard.edu; OBJECTIVE: Assays for drug resistance testing in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are now available and clinical studies suggest that viral drug resistance is correlated with poor virologic response to new therapy. The International AIDS Society-USA sought to update prior recommendations to provid
HIV genotype and phenotype--arresting resistance? [editorial; comment]: JAMA. 2000 May 10;283(18):2442-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20271538; Flexner C
Occupational exposure: organizing ED care to determine rapid postexposure prophylaxis within hours instead of days.: J Emerg Nurs. 1999 Dec;25(6):505-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20136759; Kallenborn JC; Coleman RD; Carrico R; Smith AM; Ferriell K; University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Department of; Emergency Medicine, KY, USA.
Tuberculosis: recent progress in basic immunity and vaccine development.: Kekkaku. 2000 Feb;75(2):97-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20189017; Orme IM; Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort; Collins, USA.; Tuberculosis continues to be the most prevalent cause of death from an infectious agent globally, and its interaction with HIV is having devastating effects, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Over the past decade, my laboratory has developed small animal models of pulmonary infection, which have revealed new informa
Transport of alovudine (3'-fluorothymidine) into the brain and the cerebrospinal fluid of the rat, studied by microdialysis.: Life Sci. 2000 Mar 31;66(19):1805-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20267175; Stahle L; Borg N; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Huddinge University; Hospital, Sweden.; Extracellular unbound concentrations of alovudine were sampled by microdialysis in order to study the transport of alovudine between the blood and the brain and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the rat. The AUC (area under the curve) ratio CSF/blood was higher than the brain/blood ratio after i.v. infusion of alovudin
Inactivation of p53 by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax requires activation of the NF-kappaB pathway and is dependent on p53 phosphorylation.: Mol Cell Biol. 2000 May;20(10):3377-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242031; Pise-Masison CA; Mahieux R; Jiang H; Ashcroft M; Radonovich M; Duvall J; Guillerm C; Brady JN; Virus Tumor Biology Section, Laboratory of Receptor Biology and; Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; masionc@dce41.nci.nih.gov; p53 plays a key role in guarding cells against DNA damage and transformation. We previously demonstrated that the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax can inactivate p53 transactivation function in lymphocytes. The present study demonstrates that in T cells, Tax-induced p53 inactivation is dependent upo
Molecular interactions involved in the transactivation of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 promoter mediated by Tax and CREB-2 (ATF-4).: Mol Cell Biol. 2000 May;20(10):3470-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242041; Gachon F; Thebault S; Peleraux A; Devaux C; Mesnard JM; Laboratoire Infections Retrovirales et Signalisation Cellulaire,; CNRS EP 2104, Institut de Biologie, 34060 Montpellier, France.; The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax protein activates viral transcription through three 21-bp repeats located in the U3 region of the HTLV-1 long terminal repeat and called Tax-responsive elements (TxREs). Each TxRE contains nucleotide sequences corresponding to imperfect cyclic AMP response elements (
Binding of equine infectious anemia virus rev to an exon splicing enhancer mediates alternative splicing and nuclear export of viral mRNAs.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20242048; Belshan M; Park GS; Bilodeau P; Stoltzfus CM; Carpenter S; In addition to facilitating the nuclear export of incompletely spliced viral mRNAs, equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) Rev regulates alternative splicing of the third exon of the tat/rev
Domains in the SPT5 protein that modulate its transcriptional regulatory properties.: Mol Cell Biol. 2000 May;20(9):2970-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20221544; Ivanov D; Kwak YT; Guo J; Gaynor RB; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Harold; Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas, Texas 75235-8594, USA.; SPT5 and its binding partner SPT4 regulate transcriptional elongation by RNA polymerase II. SPT4 and SPT5 are involved in both 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB)-mediated transcriptional inhibition and the activation of transcriptional elongation by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) T
HIV disease surveillance: medicine and public health working together.: N J Med. 2000 Mar;97(3):57-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226787; Paul SM; Jorden VS; Grasso C; Costa SJ; Division of AIDS Prevention and Control, New Jersey Department of; Health and Senior Services, USA.; Public health surveillance is critical to the management of the HIV epidemic. Surveillance helps to define changing trends, formulate and strategically implement preventive initiatives, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. Collaboration between clinical medicine and public health is essential to reliable s
Highly active antiretroviral therapy-related immune recovery in AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis.: Ophthalmology. 2000 May;107(5):877-81; discussion 881-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20269215; Macdonald JC; Karavellas MP; Torriani FJ; Morse LS; Smith IL; Reed JB; Freeman WR; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Health Science; Center at San Antonio, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To characterize cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who demonstrate immune recovery while receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). DESIGN: Consecut
Cryptococcosis in AIDS.: Postgrad Med J. 2000 Feb;76(892):85-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20111354; Imwidthaya P; Poungvarin N; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj; Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.; A total of 87 patients (17 female, 70 male) were admitted to SIRIRAJ HOSPITAL, MAHIDOL UNIVERSITY, BANGKOK, THAILAND, from JANUARY 1996 TO DECEMBER 1997, with a diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis and underlying AIDS. The age range was 14: 70 years, mean 32.1. Six females (35%) and thirty-one males (44%) died, while
Targeted inhibition of transcription elongation in cells mediated by triplex-forming oligonucleotides.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Apr 11;97(8):3862-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226023; Faria M; Wood CD; Perrouault L; Nelson JS; Winter A; White MR; Helene C; Giovannangeli C; Laboratoire de Biophysique, Museum National d'Histoire; Naturelle, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche; Medicale U. 201-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR; 8646, 43 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France.; Triple-helix-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) bind in the major groove of double-stranded DNA at oligopyrimidine small middle dotoligopurine sequences and therefore are candidate molecules for artificial gene regulation, in vitro and in vivo. We recently have described oligonucleotide analogues containing N3 -P5 phosp
Augmentation of immune responses to HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus DNA vaccines by IL-2/Ig plasmid administration in rhesus monkeys.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226080; Barouch DH; Craiu A; Kuroda MJ
Relative contributions of distinct MHC class I-dependent cell populations in protection to tuberculosis infection in mice.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Apr 11;97(8):4204-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226082; Sousa AO; Mazzaccaro RJ; Russell RG; Lee FK; Turner OC; Hong S; Van Kaer L; Bloom BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park; Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.; A necessary role for cytotoxic T lymphocytes in protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has been suggested by studies of the beta2-microglobulin-deficient mouse, which is unable to present antigens through MHC class I and class I-like molecules and invariably succumbs early after infection. To identify the
Identification of a human recent thymic emigrant phenotype.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Apr 11;97(8):4215-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226084; McFarland RD; Douek DC; Koup RA; Picker LJ; Division of Hematopathology and Immunology, Department of; Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center,; Dallas, TX 75235, USA.; The ability to measure human thymic output would be an invaluable tool for the study of the development of the naive T cell repertoire, as well as naive T cell regeneration after intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy or effective antiretroviral therapy of progressive HIV infection. We and others have demonstrated previousl
[The elderly and disease]: Recenti Prog Med. 2000 Mar;91(3):105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226548; La Vecchia C; Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano,; Universita di Milano.
[HIV-associated myelopathy]: Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 2000 Mar 16;89(12):501-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20234085; Wallmeroth A; Medizinische Universitats-Poliklinik, Departement Innere; Medizin, Kantonsspital Basel.
Clinical and laboratory findings of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection (DMAC) in a pair matched case-control study.: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1999 Sep-Oct;41(5):273-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20070244; Rolla V; Jacomet C; Salause B; Wirbel E; Perez M; Daniel-Ribeiro CT; Rozenbaum W; Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital; Rothschild, Paris, France. valeria@fiocruz.br; A pair matched case/control study was conducted from January 1991 to 30 June 1992 in order to define clinical and laboratory findings associated with DMAC infection in AIDS patients. Since DMAC infection is usually associated with advanced immunodeficiency, and therefore also with other opportunistic illnesses, in add
A survey of congenital Chagas' disease, carried out at three health institutions in Sao Paulo City, Brazil.: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1999 Sep-Oct;41(5):305-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20070249; Nisida IV; Amato Neto V; Braz LM; Duarte MI; Umezawa ES; Departamento de Doencas-Infecciosas e Parasitarias da Faculdade; de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.; The congenital transmission of Chagas disease was evaluated in 57 pregnant women with Chagas disease and their 58 offspring. The patients were selected from three Health Institutions in Sao Paulo City. The maternal clinical forms of Chagas disease were: indeterminate (47.4%), cardiac (43.8%) and digestive (8.8%); 5
Onychomycosis caused by Scytalidium dimidiatum. Report of two cases. Review of the taxonomy of the synanamorph and anamorph forms of this coelomycete.: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1999 Sep-Oct;41(5):319-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20070251; Lacaz CS; Pereira AD; Heins-Vaccari EM; Cuce LC; Benatti C; Nunes RS; de Melo NT; de Freitas-Leite RS; Hernandez-Arriagada GL; Laboratorio de Micologia Medica do Instituto de Medicina; Tropical de Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.; The authors report two cases of onychomycosis in the dystrophic form, one of them involving an HIV-positive patient, provoked by Scytalidium dimidiatum, previously called Scytalidium lignicola. The subject is reviewed from the taxonomic viewpoint, considering the anamorph Hendersonula toruloidea as a synonym of Nattra
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii soluble antigen, SAG-1(p30), antibody and immune complex in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV positive or negative individuals.: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1999 Nov-Dec;41(6):329-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20136085; Chaves-Borges FA; Souza MA; Silva DA; Kasper LH; Mineo JR; Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Universidade; Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil.; Active infection by T. gondii was evaluated by immunoassay for soluble SAG-1 (p30), the major surface antigen from T. gondii, specific antibodies and immune complexes in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. A total of 263 samples of CSF were collected from hospitalized patients presenting neurological disorders an
A theoretical model of the evolution of virulence in sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS.: Rev Saude Publica. 1999 Aug;33(4):329-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20011499; Coutinho F; Massad E; Menezes R; Burattini M; Departamento de Patologia. Laboratorios de Investigacao; Medica 01. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo,; Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.; INTRODUCTION: The evolution of virulence in host-parasite relationships has been the subject of several publications. In the case of HIV virulence, some authors suggest that the evolution of HIV virulence correlates with the rate of acquisition of new sexual partners. In contrast some other authors argue that the leve
A sensitive assay for anti-HIV-1 drug discovery in a biological safety level-2 laboratory [published erratum appears in Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1999 Mar;30(1):204]: Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1998 Dec;29(4):758-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233514; Yoosook C; Reutrakul V; Santisuk T; Chaichana S; Pezzuto JM; Dong Y; Clanton DJ; Kiser R; Staley P; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol; University, Bangkok, Thailand.; Studies involving infectious, wild type HIV-1 must be performed under strict BSL-3 practice. We have employed a defective (deltaTat/Rev)MC99 and cloned 1A2 line, ie, mutated HIV-1 and Tat/Rev transfected cells to verify anti-HIV-1 activity in a BSL-2 laboratory. A number of extracts from various parts of 11 species of
Development and assessment of ELISA for serodiagnosis of HIV-infection.: Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1998 Dec;29(4):763-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233515; Thongkrajai P; Kaewmart R; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen; University, Thailand.; A home-made ELISA for serodiagnosis of HIV-infection was developed. It made use of the HIV viral lysate to coat on ELISA microplates. The purpose was to establish an ELISA for serodiagnosis of HIV-infection. The newly-developed ELISA, H-ELISA , was applied to test 792 samples of HIV-positive serum as confirmed by Wes
Intestinal microsporidiosis in HIV infected patients with chronic diarrhea in Thailand.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233516; Wanachiwanawin D; Manatsathit S; Lertlaituan P; Thakerngpol K; Suwanagool P; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital,; Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.; Microsporidia have been recognized as emerging opportunistic agents affecting multiple organs. Intestinal microsporidiosis caused by Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalis is a common disease which is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, particu
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, CMV and HIV in multiply transfused thalassemia patients: results from a thalassemia day care center in Malaysia.: Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1998 Dec;29(4):792-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233520; Jamal R; Fadzillah G; Zulkifli SZ; Yasmin M; Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan; Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.; Regular blood transfusions for patients with thalassemia have improved their overall survival although these transfusions carry a definite risk of the transmission of certain viruses. Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), cytomegalovirus (
Clinical investigation of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex infection in human T lymphotrophic virus type I carriers.: Thorax. 2000 May;55(5):388-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233938; Matsuyama W; Mizoguchi A; Iwami F; Koreeda Y; Wakimoto J; Kanazawa H; Mori S; Kawabata M; Fukunaga H; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University; School of Medicine, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520; Japan.; BACKGROUND: Little is known about pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in human T lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) carriers. A study was undertaken to investigate and clarify the characteristics of pulmonary MAC infection in these subjects. METHODS: Twenty nine patients with pulmonary MAC infection
Characterization of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 neutralizable epitope within the immunodominant region of gp41.: Virology. 2000 Apr 25;270(1):135-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238038; Viveros M; Dickey C; Cotropia JP; Gevorkian G; Larralde C; Broliden K; Levi M; Burgess A; Cao C; Weiner DB; Agadjanyan MG; Ugen KE; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional; Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico 70228, USA.; Previously, we generated human monoclonal antibodies using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive donor. One of these monoclonal antibodies (designated clone 3, CL3) recognized 10 amino acids (GCSGKLICTT) within the immunodominant region (cluste
Passive infusion of immune serum into simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques undergoing a rapid disease course has minimal effect on plasma viremia.: Virology. 2000 Apr 25;270(1):237-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238048; Binley JM; Clas B; Gettie A; Vesanen M; Montefiori DC; Sawyer L; Booth J; Lewis M; Marx PA; Bonhoeffer S; Moore JP; The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller; University, New York, New York 10016, USA.; Antibody responses are often considered to play only a limited role in controlling viremia during chronic infections with human or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We investigated this by determining the effect of passively infused antibody on plasma viremia in infected rhesus macaques. The emphasis of the study w
The herpes simplex virus 1 Us11 protein cooperates with suboptimal amounts of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev protein to rescue HIV-1 production.: Virology. 2000 Apr 25;270(1):43-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238030; Duc Dodon M; Mikaelian I; Sergeant A; Gazzolo L; Immuno-Virologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 5537, Faculte; de Medecine Lyon-RTH Laennec, Lyon Cedex 08, 69372, France.; The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA-binding Rev protein governs the expression of structural and enzymatic viral proteins at a posttranscriptional level. Binding of Rev to the stem-loop IIB (SLIIB) sequence of the Rev-response element (RRE) within unspliced and singly spliced viral mRNAs and to the nuc
Maintenance of CD8(+) T-cell memory following infection with recombinant sindbis and vaccinia viruses.: Virology. 2000 Apr 25;270(1):54-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20238031; Villacres MC; Zuo J; Bergmann CC; Department of Neurology, University of Southern California Keck; School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.; CD8(+) T-cell memory is critical for protection against pathogens poorly controlled by humoral immunity. To characterize two distinct vaccine vectors, the acute and memory CD8(+) T-cell responses to an HIV-1 epitope (p18) expressed by recombinant vaccinia (vp18) and Sindbis (SINp18) viruses were compared. Whereas 9 to
Evaluation of the safety of Rh immunoglobulin by monitoring viral markers among Rh-negative female blood donors.: Vox Sang. 2000;78(1):1-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20196053; Watanabe KK; Busch MP; Schreiber GB; Zuck TF; Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA.; BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although immunoglobulin (Ig) preparations including RhIg have been noted for their record of safety, recent reports of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission by some Ig preparations have raised concern. This analysis examined the safety of RhIg manufactured in the US by comparing the prevalenc
Large-scale screening for human parvovirus B19 DNA by PCR: application to the quality control of plasma for fractionation.: Vox Sang. 2000;78(1):7-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20196054; Aubin JT; Defer C; Vidaud M; Maniez Montreuil M; Flan B; Laboratoire francais du Fractionnement et des Biotechnologies,; Les Ulis, Paris, France.; BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Because human parvovirus B19 (B19) has been transmitted by various plasma-derived medicinal products, the Laboratoire francais du Fractionnement et des Biotechnologies (LFB) implemented PCR screening of plasma pool samples for B19 DNA as part of the quality control of plasma source materia
[Preparation of T-lymphoblastoid cell lines from patients with T-cell leukemia and asymptomatic carriers of HTLV-I: analysis of the viral genome status]: Vopr Virusol. 2000 Mar-Apr;45(2):20-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20228363; Pavlish OA; Seniuta NB; Shcherbak LN; Klitsunova NV; Shtutman MS; Pomekhin OE; Grutsevich VE; Three HTLV-I-infected partially interleukin-2-dependent lymphoid cell lines were derived from a patient with T-cellular leukemia (ATL) from Georgia and a carrier of HTLV-I from Sakhalin. The strains cultured in the presence of 3-5% interleukin-2 were designated as NBK-1, NBK-2, an
[Isolation of a panel of HIV-positive serum by blocking them with various HIV antigens]: Vopr Virusol. 2000 Mar-Apr;45(2):45-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20228368; Fediuk NV; Kuliandin SA; Pokrovskii AG; A new methodological approach to preparation of a panel of positive sera containing antibodies to individual viral proteins has been developed. The method consists in exhaustion of initial sera from HIV-infected patients with the known titers of antibodies by HIV antigens differing by the spectrum of virus proteins. A
Awareness campaigns: experience in Mexico.: Vaccine. 2000 Feb 18;18 Suppl 1:S90-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20149210; Hernandez Tepichin G; Council for AIDS Prevention and Control, Calzada de Tlalpan; 4585-2o, Piso Col, Toriello Guerra, Mexico.; The current total of AIDS cases in Mexico is 37,000 of which 86% have occurred in men. The major route of transmission is sexual. The campaign to prevent AIDS has fallen into four phases, and has now been extended to other sexually transmitted diseases, including hepatitis B. The first phase (1985-1989) was based arou
Fusion of uninfected T-cells occurs with immature HIV-1 protease-mutant, but not morphologically similar protease inhibitor derived particles.: Virus Res. 2000 Feb;66(2):131-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20192149; Bahmani MK; Kameoka M; Goto T; Sano K; Luftig RB; Ikuta K; Department of Microbiology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki,; Osaka, Japan.; Protease inhibitors are widely used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals and show a drastic effect on the reduction of virus load. We previously reported that doughnut-shaped, protease-defective gp120-containing HIV-1 particles from an L-2 cell clone, carrying a provirus
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3--a hormone with immunomodulatory properties.: Z Rheumatol. 2000;59 Suppl 1:24-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20232264; Lemire J; University of California, San Diego Department of Pediatrics, La; Jolla 92093-083, USA.; The active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25-(OH)2D3], exerts immunosuppressive activity. At a cellular and molecular level, the hormone preferentially targets helper T cell activity (Th1) by inhibiting the secretion of both IL-2 and IFN-gamma by Th1
Decreased expression of L-selectin (CD62L) on lymphocytes in enzootic bovine leukaemia.: J Vet Med Infect Dis Vet Public Health. 2000 Mar;47(2):127-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226592; Dusinsky R; Bardotti M; Ponti W; Institute of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, University; of Milan, Italy. dusinsky@ubgz.savba.sk; Expression of L-selectin was determined by single- and two-colour immunofluorescence on granulocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and blasts of bovine origin by means of a monoclonal antibody IVA94 which recognizes bovine L-selectin (CD62L). Cells were separated from peripheral blood of healthy cattle an
Milk leucocyte populations in heifers free of udder infection.: J Vet Med Infect Dis Vet Public Health. 2000 Mar;47(2):133-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226593; Leitner G; Chaffer M; Krifucks O; Glickman A; Ezra E; Saran A; National Mastitis Reference Center, Kimron Veterinary Institute,; Bet Dagan, Israel.; Improvement of udder health through a process of genetic selection is related to heritability and the role of the specific trait in the probability of an individual cow developing an infection. It was suggested that different patterns of leucocyte population of the healthy gland are a significant factor in mastitis. T
The Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry Interim Report [news]: Am Fam Physician. 2000 Apr 1;61(7):2265. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20239563; Preboth M
Laryngeal tuberculosis.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220749; Yencha MW; Linfesty R; Blackmon A; Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Medicine, US Naval; Hospital, Pensacola, FL 32512, USA.; Since the introduction of antituberculous medications, the incidence of laryngeal tuberculosis (TB) has decreased and remains stable. However, with the incidence of TB increasing, mainly caused by the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic, the incidence of laryngeal involvement may be on the rise. The main prese
Outcome differences in younger and older patients with laryngeal cancer: a retrospective case-control study.: Am J Otolaryngol. 2000 Mar-Apr;21(2):92-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20220743; Singh B; Alfonso A; Sabin S; Poluri A; Shaha AR; Sundaram K; Lucente FE; Department of Otolaryngology, State University of New York-Health; Science Center at Brooklyn and The Long Island College Hospital,; NY, USA.; PURPOSE: Younger or older age has a significant impact on the outcome of patients with head and neck cancer. However, the data regarding outcomes based on age are conflicting. The aim of this article is to determine the impact of age on the outcome of laryngeal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was
An AIDS-associated cause of the difficult airway: supraglottic Kaposi's sarcoma.: Anesth Analg. 2000 May;90(5):1223-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20245143; Miner JE; Egan TD; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City,; UT 84132, USA.
A common problem with therapy for HIV infection [letter]: Ann Intern Med. 2000 May 16;132(10):846. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20256699; Delgado Fernandez M; Zambrana Garcia JL; Diez Garcia F
[Thalidomide and thrombosis]: Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2000 Feb;127(2):171-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206358; Flageul B; Wallach D; Cavelier-Balloy B; Bachelez H; Carsuzaa F; Dubertret L; Clinique des Maladies Cutanees, Hopital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue; Claude-Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France.; BACKGROUND: Teratogenicity and neuropathy are the well known serious side effects induced by thalidomide. We describe 5 cases of thrombotic events occurring within a brief delay after the onset of thalidomide in a manner that suggests that thalidomide could have acted as a precipiting or as a starting factor in these
[Large crusted ulceration of the scalp: first manifestation of cryptococcosis in an AIDS patient]: Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2000 Feb;127(2):188-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20206362; Nicolas C; Truchetet F; Christian B; Dorvaux V; Cuny JF; Service de Dermatologie, Hopital du Bon-Secours, 1, place; Philippe-de-Vigneulles, 57000 Metz, France.; BACKGROUND: Cryptococcosis is an infection caused by the yeast-like fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. It primarily occurs in immunocompromised hosts. Crytptococcosis is usually a systemic disease and may be serious if the lungs or the central nervous system are involved. CASE REPORT: We describe a case of cutaneous cryp
Selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants resistant to the (+) and (-) enantiomers of 2'-deoxy-3'-oxa-4'-thio-5-fluorocytidine.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1127-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233573; Richard N; Salomon H; Rando R; Mansour T; Bowlin TL; Wainberg MA; McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish; General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1E2.; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) variants were selected for resistance to the (+) and (-) enantiomers of a novel nucleoside analogue, 2 -deoxy-3 -oxa-4 -thio-5-fluorocytidine (dOTFC), by use of the infectious molecular clone HIV HXB2D and the human T-cell line MT-4. The dOTFC-resistant variants that w
A bacteriophage lambda-based genetic screen for characterization of the activity and phenotype of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233574; Martinez MA; Cabana M; Parera M; Gutierrez A; Este JA
Selective interaction of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase nonnucleoside inhibitor efavirenz and its thio-substituted analog with different enzyme-substrate complexes.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1186-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233583; Maga G; Ubiali D; Salvetti R; Pregnolato M; Spadari S; Istituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionistica IGBE-C.N.R.,; Universita degli Studi, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.; Accumulating data have brought the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NNRTIs) into the forefront of antiretroviral therapy. Among the emerging compounds in this class, a particularly attractive one is efavirenz ( Sustiva ), recently ap
Enhanced extracellular production of aspartyl proteinase, a virulence factor, by Candida albicans isolates following growth in subinhibitory concentrations of fluconazole.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1200-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233585; Wu T; Wright K; Hurst SF; Morrison CJ; Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic; Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for; Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.; We examined the production of secreted aspartyl proteinase (Sap), a putative virulence factor of Candida albicans, by a series of 17 isolates representing a single strain obtained from the oral cavity of an AIDS patient before and after the development of clinical and in vitro resistance to fluconazole. Isolates were
The ribavirin analog ICN 17261 demonstrates reduced toxicity and antiviral effects with retention of both immunomodulatory activity and reduction of hepatitis-induced serum alanine aminotransferase levels.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1276-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233595; Tam RC; Ramasamy K; Bard J; Pai B; Lim C; Averett DR; Immunology, ICN Research Department, ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,; Costa Mesa, California 92626, USA. rctam@icnpharm.com; The demonstrated utility of the nucleoside analog ribavirin in the treatment of certain viral diseases can be ascribed to its multiple distinct properties. These properties may vary in relative importance in differing viral disease conditions and include the direct inhibition of viral replication, the promotion of T-c
Susceptibility to PNU-140690 (Tipranavir) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates derived from patients with multidrug resistance to other protease inhibitors.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1328-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF154963; Rusconi S; La Seta Catamancio S; Citterio P; Kurtagic S; Violin M; Balotta C; Moroni M; Galli M; d'Arminio-Monforte A; Istituto di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Universita di; Milano, Ospedale Luigi Sacco, Milan, Italy.; rusconi@mailserver.unimi.it; In our study we examined the anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (anti-HIV-1) activity of a novel HIV-1 protease inhibitor, PNU-140690 (tipranavir), against patient-derived isolates resistant to multiple other protease inhibitors (PIs). The aim of our experimen
Effects of AIDS and gender on steady-state plasma and intrapulmonary ethionamide concentrations.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1337-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233605; Conte JE Jr; Golden JA; McQuitty M; Kipps J; Lin ET; Zurlinden E; Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of; Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San; Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0208, USA.; jconte@aids2.ucsf.edu; Ethionamide, 250 mg every 12 h for a total of nine doses, was administered to 40 adult volunteers (10 men with AIDS, 10 healthy men, 10 women with AIDS, and 10 healthy women). Blood was obtained for drug assay prior to administration of the first dose, 2 h after the last dose, and at the completion of standardized bro
Bioavailability of once- and twice-daily regimens of didanosine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1375-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233616; Abreu T; Plaisance K; Rexroad V; Nogueira S; Oliveira RH; Evangelista LA; Rangel R; Silva IS; Knupp C; Lambert JS; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; The bioavailability of didanosine at 180 mg/m(2) once daily was compared to that at 90 mg/m(2) twice daily in 24 children with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Children were studied at steady state using optimal sampling and prior pharmacokinetic parameter estimates. Relative bioavailability was 0. 95
Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Pr55(Gag) and Pr160(Gag-pol) processing intermediates that accumulate in primary and transformed cells treated with peptidic and nonpeptidic protease inhibitors.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1397-403. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20233623; Speck RR; Flexner C; Tian CJ; Yu XF; Departments of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns; Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; 21287-5554, USA.; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) produces two polyproteins, Pr55(Gag) and Pr160(Gag-Pol), that are cleaved into mature functional subunits by the virally encoded protease. Drugs that inhibit this protease are an important part of anti-HIV therapy. We studied the ordered accumulation of Gag and Gag-Pol proce
Selective HIV-1-induced downmodulation of CD4 and coreceptors.: Arch Virol. 2000;145(3):455-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20254532; Chenine AL; Sattentau Q; Moulard M; INSERM U372, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, France.; CD4 and members of the chemokine receptor family are required for infection of host cells, in vitro and in vivo, by the human immunodeficiency virus type-1. Although it is established that HIV-1 gp 120 interacts with CD4 and the coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4 at the plasma membrane during HIV entry, longer-term interaction
Selective recruitment of polarized T cells expressing CCR5 and CXCR3 to the inflamed joints of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.: Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Apr;43(4):765-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226988; Wedderburn LR; Robinson N; Patel A; Varsani H; Woo P; Department of Molecular Pathology, University College, London,; UK.; OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR3 and the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in children with oligoarticular or polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: Using 3-color immunofluorescence, we studied the expression of CCR5 and CXCR3 on, and T cell cytokine production by, p
CD8+, CD57+ T cells from healthy elderly subjects suppress neutrophil development in vitro: implications for the neutropenia of Felty's and large granular lymphocyte syndromes.: Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Apr;43(4):834-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20226995; Coakley G; Iqbal M; Brooks D; Panayi GS; Lanchbury JS; Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals School of Medicine,; London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of CD8+,CD57+ large granular lymphocytes (LGL) from normal individuals and from Felty s syndrome (FS) or LGL syndrome patients to suppress allogeneic neutrophil precursor development. METHODS: Six FS patients, 5 LGL syndrome patients, and 13 elderly controls were studied. CD8+,CD5
Structure-activity relationships among camptothecin derivatives and topoisomerase I in yeast.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:1 (abstract no. A-3). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712019; Del Poeta M; Dykstra CC; Wani MC; Manikumar G; Heitman J; Wall M; Perfect JR; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.; Background: We have shown that topoisomerase I is essential for viability in Cryptococcus neoformans, and thus is an excellent target for novel antifungal agents. Topoisomerase I is also the target of camptothecin and its derivatives, Irinotecan and Topotecan, which represent a new class of antineoplastic agents. Hypo
Inhibition of germ tube formation of Candida albicans by agricultural fungicides and insecticides.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:2 (abstract no. A-9). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712020; Martinez J; Rodriguez-Quintanilla MA; Ruiz-Herrera J; Garcia-Alvarado JS; Universidad A. de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas, Mexico.; C. albicans has emerged as an important pathogen in the last decade, mostly in immunocompromised patients, particularly those suffering of AIDS, diabetes, leukemia and cancer. Germ tube formation and mycelial formation have been recognized as important steps previous to tissue invasion. These processes are concomitant
The influence of human serum on systemic antifungal agent pharmacodynamics with Candida albicans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:3 (abstract no. A-14). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712021; Karlowsky JA; Saunders DG; Hoban DJ; Zhanel GG; University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg,; Manitoba, Canada.; Only a very limited description of the pharmacodynamic properties of systemic antifungal agents in biological fluids such as serum is available in the scientific literature. Given the recent emergence of azole resistance in Candida albicans a better understanding of the pharmacodynamic properties of these agents may h
Study of fluconazole resistance in Cryptococcus neoformans by insertional mutagenesis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:6 (abstract no. A-29). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712022; Abi-Hanna P; Marichal P; Vandenbossche H; Williamson PR; University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.; Fluconazole is an effective antifungal against meningoencephalitis caused by C. neoformans. Increasingly, azole resistance has been reported in this fungus, but little is known about mechanisms of this resistance. Data obtained in ascomycetes such as Saccharomyces and Candida may be of limited value in understanding r
Inhibition of microsporidia growth in vitro.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:11 (abstract no. A-52). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712023; Didier ES; Bertucci DC; Leblanc L; Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Covington, LA.; Microsporidia are parasites that cause opportunistic infections in persons with AIDS and organ transplant recipients. No universally effective treatment exists. Although fumagillin is effective against microsporidiosis in honeybees, inhibits microsporidia in tissue cul
Hematologic safety and tolerance studies of 3'-azido-2', 3'- dideoxythymidine-5'-H-phosphonate, a nucleoside analogue with anti HIV-1 activity.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:12 (abstract no. A-58). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712024; Tsoukas CM; Pokrovsky V; Hatzakis G; Krayevsky A; The Montreal General Hospital, Quebec, Canada.; Background: Phosphonovir (PZT) (3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxy thymidine-5 -H-phosphonate) is a phosphonated nucleoside analogue with anti HIV-1 activity. It is an inactive pro- drug of azidothymidine triphosphate (AZTTP) a known potent inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. In-vitro and, animal studies as well as an initi
Bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis are killed in vitro by mild acidity (pH 4) and by BufferGel(TM), a spermicidal microbicide.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712025; Jansen AM; Moench TR; Whaley KJ; Cone RA; Bacterial vaginosis (BV) increases risk for pelvic inflammatory disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and HIV acquisition. Standard treatment is effective but relapse frequently occurs. One hallmark of BV is elevated vaginal pH (4.5). BufferGel (ReProtect), a polycarboxylic acid gel buffered at pH 3.9, is currently in
Further characterization of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis NoxR1 gene.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:34 (abstract no. B/D-27). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712026; Firmani-Deinard M; Ehrt S; Riley LW; University of California, Berkeley.; Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the leading infectious cause of death in the adult population worldwide. One factor that makes Mtb such a successful pathogen is its ability to reside within and evade the toxic environment of the host macrophage. Among the major antimicrobial products of macrophages are reactive
mgtC is required for growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in low magnesium medium and in macrophages.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:47 (abstract no. B/D-92). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712027; Buchmeier NA; Blanc-Potard A; Piddington DL; Groisman EA; University of California, San Diego.; Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) within macrophages is a hallmark of tuberculosis infections. Magnesium may be at low concentrations within the phagosome and therefore adaptation to growth under limiting magnesium levels may be required for growth of Mtb in macrophages. mgtC is one of the genes associated wi
Candidal phospholipase B contributes to damage and penetration of human keratinocytes.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:48 (abstract no. B/D-96). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712028; Mukherjee PK; Leidich SD; Vitullo J; Eckert RL; Ghannoum MA; Center for Medical Mycolgoy, University Hopsitals of Cleveland,; and Case Western Reserve University, OH.; Candida albicans is the predominant pathogen responsible for cutaneous candidiasis in immunocompromised patients. Phospholipase B (PLB), a candidal secretory protein, has been shown to contribute to virulence in disseminated candidiasis, but its role in cutaneous candidiasis is not known. In this study, we exploited a
A member of the mycobacterial PGRS gene family is essential for replication in macrophages.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:48 (abstract no. B/D-99). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712029; Ramakrishnan L; Falkow S; Stanford University, CA.; We use Mycobacterium marinum as a model to study M. tuberculosis pathogenesis. M. marinum grows relatively rapidly and is the causative agent of tuberculosis in fish and other cold-blooded animals. We have established a model for both chronic granulomatous (latent) disease as well as acute lethal disease in the leopar
Effect of androgens on microbial growth kinetics.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:59 (abstract no. B/D-153). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712030; Plotkin BJ; Erickson Q; Viselli SM; Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL.; The ability of androgenic hormones to modulate microbial growth patterns has not been previously reported. We have examined effects of gonadal androgens (testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, DHEA), an adrenal androgen (dehy- droepiandrosterone, DHEA), and an environmental anti- androgen (p, p -DDE) on growth rates of
Protection of mice against Mycobacterium avium infection by immunization with low doses of mycobacteria.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:86 (abstract no. B/D-291). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712031; Fattorini L; Li Y; Mattei M; Nisini R; Mariotti S; Thoresen OF; Iona E; Corti A; Orefici G; Lab Bacter & Med Mycol, 1st Sup Sanita, Rome, Italy.; Infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are found in general in persons with pulmonary problems or, as disseminated infections, in HIV+ patients. In normal people, protection might be related to natural immunization due to environmental exposure to low MAC doses in soil and water of both transparent (TR
Characterization of the complement activating lipid from pathogenic mycobacteria.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:100 (abstract no. B/D-364). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712032; Bohlson SS; Lee RE; Barry C; Brown EJ; Schorey JS; University of Notre Dame, IN.; The pathogenic mycobacteria have evolved a strategy to bind to complement component C2a and facilitate C3 cleavage on their surface resulting in complement opsonization and subsequent uptake into their host cell. We are in the process of purifying the mycobacterial component that binds to C2a and forms the unique C3 c
A rapid multiantigen serodiagnostic test for tuberculosis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:131 (abstract no. C-128). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712033; Lyashchenko K; Singh M; Mann H; Colengeli R; Gennaro ML; Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., & Public Health Research; Institute, New York, NY.; Early identification of diseased individuals is crucial for tuberculosis (TB) control, because rapid diagnosis leads to timely initiation of therapy. In low-income, high prevalence for TB areas, sputum smear microscopy, the only current method for rapid diagnosis, often has unacceptably low sensitivity, while more acc
Preliminary evaluation of survival of tubercle bacilli in heat-fixed sputum smears.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:131 (abstract no. C-129). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712034; Giacomelli LR; Sespede SR; Barreto AM; Cardoso CL; State University of Maringa, Brazil.; Some authors have demonstrated that tubercle bacilli may survive in heat-fixed sputum smears, representing a risk factor for acquiring tuberculosis in the laboratory. However, it is unclear how long the tubercle bacilli can survive on heat-fixed slides prior to staining. In this study we used a slide culture technique
The value of three negative AFB smears for removing patients suspected of having tuberculosis from airborne precautions (AP).: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:131 (abstract no. C-130). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712035; Craft DW; Jones MC; Blanchet CN; Hopfer RL; UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC.; Patients that present with clinical symptoms consistent with pulmonary tuberculosis are placed in AP until another diagnosis is made or when the laboratory reports three respiratory specimens taken daily are negative for AFB. Due to the increased expenses and difficulty required in taking care of patients in AP, it is
Utilization of the enhanced GenProbe MTD for cost effective management of patients with MAC.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:131 (abstract no. C-131). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712036; Della-Latta P; Whittier S; Perez D; Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, NY.; The purpose of this investigation was to determine the impact of the Gen-Probe enhanced MTD on management of AFB smear positive patients who are colonized/infected with M. avium complex (MAC). In 1990-1991, the number of patients with respiratory cultures positive for MTB and NTM were approximately equal. Seven years
Analysis of amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test (MTD) performed on selected clinical specimens.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:131 (abstract no. C-132). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712037; Ebrahimzadeh A; Zhao BY; New York City Department of Health, NY.; MTD test was implemented in Mycobacteriology Laboratory since mid 1997 to provide rapid preliminary information to physicians for initial patient care. MTD test was performed on a total of 425 respiratory specimens consisted of 295 smear positive (1+, 2+, or 3+) and 130 smear suspicious or negative specimens. Duplicat
Evaluation of the ligase chain reaction and the polymerase chain reaction for the direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from clinical respiratory specimens.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:132 (abstract no. C-133). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712038; Kohlhepp S; Gleaves C; Rourke B; Schwarz K; Dworkin R; Providence Portland Medical Center, OR.; Direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) by means of molecular techniques such as Ligase Chain Reaction (LCR) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) allows for direct diagnosis of Mtb in one day. This study was designed to evaluate the LCR assay for detection of Mtb from clinical specimens. LCR results from 1
Comparative evaluation of GenProbe MTD-2 and Abbott LCx assays for direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory specimens.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:132 (abstract no. C-134). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712039; Nelson SM; Cartwright CP; Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN.; Commercially available nucleic-acid amplification assays offer a rapid alternative to conventional smear and culture- based methods for detecting the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in respiratory specimens. In the present study, the performance characteristics of two such assays, Amplified Mycobacterium
Evaluation of the MGIT culture to detect mycobacteria from clinical specimens at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:132 (abstract no. C-135). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712040; Bawazeer AS; Tufts University, Boston, MA.; The Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) culture was compared with Loweistein-Jensen (LJ) media in the isolation and susceptibility testing of mycobacteria. A hundred and eighty five specimens were examined from various body sites, such as Urine, Sputum, Gastric aspirate, Cerebrospinal fluid, Ascetic and Pleural
BACTEC(TM) MGITTM960 automated mycobacteria detection system: growth, detection, identification and susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:132 (abstract no. C-136). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712041; Beaty PS; Benzing P; Byers B; Sturm K; Warns M; Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Sparks, MD.; This study reports the development of procedures for integrating growth detection, probe-based identification and susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis using the BACTEC MGIT 960 culture system. Procedures for identification and susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis directly from a BACTEC MGIT 960 positive tube
Evaluation of the line probe assay (LiPA) for detection of Mycobacteria species from BACTEC 12B bottles.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:132 (abstract no. C-137). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712042; Miller N; Infante S; Cleary TJ; University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center, FL.; The objective of this study was to evaluate the LiPA MYCOBACTERIA (Murex Biotech Limited, Dartford, UK) assay. The LiPA involves reverse hybridization of a biotinylated Mycobacteria PCR fragment, a 16S-23S ribosomal RNA spacer region, to oligonucleotide probes arranged in lines on a paper strip, with subsequent detect
Comparative study of three culture systems for optimal recovery of mycobacteria from different clinical specimens.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:133 (abstract no. C-138). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712043; Samra Z; Kaufmann L; Behar J; Microbiology Department, Beilinson Medical Center, Petah Tiqua,; Israel.; Two liquid media, the BACTEC 460 system and the new MB- Redox, which uses a Redox system as a bacterial growth indicator, and the solid Lowenstein-Jansen (L-J) medium were compared for recovering of mycobacteria from 605 clinical specimens. Growth of acid fast bacilli (AFB) was observed in 100 of the specimens, includ
Reduction in turnaround time for detection and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from pulmonary specimens using nucleic acid amplification tests.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:133 (abstract no. C-139). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712044; Moore DF; Curry JI; Orange County Public Health Laboratory, Santa Ana, CA.; Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) of the first diagnostic specimen received from all patients was included as part of routine laboratory testing to determine the diagnostic performance characteristics and the turnaround time (TAT) compared to standard laboratory tests. Laboratory testing included twice a day f
Application of the Sherlock Mycobacterial Identification System using high performance liquid chromatography in a clinical laboratory.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:133 (abstract no. C-140). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712045; Kellogg JA; Bankert DA; York Hospital, PA.; Because of the increasing frequency with which a variety of Mycobacterium species are being recovered from immunosuppressed and other patients, as well as the technical complexity of many of the standard biochemical identification tests and the costs of nucleic acid probes, there is a growing need for a rapid, cost-ef
Rapid identification of mycobacteria to species level by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of hsp65 gene.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:133 (abstract no. C-141). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712046; Koksalan K; Ergin A; Kocagoz T; Uzun M; Gurler B; Ang O; Gunalp A; Istanbul University Medical School, Department of Microbiology,; Ankara, Turkey.; Classical identification tests for mycobacteria, based on culture and biochemical tests may take several weeks and frequently fail to produce a precise identification. PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PRA) offers an easy, rapid and inexpensive way of identification of mycobacteria to species lev
Evaluation and implementation of polymerase chain reaction restriction analysis for the rapid taxonomic differentiation of Mycobacterium species as a cost-effective procedure in a high-volume public health laboratory.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:133 (abstract no. C-142). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712047; Lee PA; Emmanuelli WB; Nolan DH; Shen Y; Chapman NR; Hale YM; Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Florida Department of Health, Bureau; of Laboratories, Jacksonville.; Polymerase chain reaction restriction analysis (PRA) was evaluated to determine cost-effectiveness and feasibility for the rapid differentiation of Mycobacterium species in a state public health and reference laboratory. The gene encoding the 65kDa heat shock protein (hsp65) was amplified using primers common to all m
A cost effective method for the rapid presumptive identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and Mycobacterium kansasii (MK).: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712048; Anttorri S; Dunbar S; Clarridge JE; As MTB often exhibits serpentine cording when grown in liquid medium and MK is a recognizably larger bacterium, we used these as a cost-effective method for their rapid presumptive identification. Of 6137 specimens processed, 573 (9%) from 262 patients were positive for AFB. Among positives, the distribution of MTB, M
Direct mycobacterial identification from MB/BacT bottles using AccuProbe.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:134 (abstract no. C-144). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712049; Louro AP; Waites KB; Benjamin WH; University of Alabama, Birmingham.; In the last 4 years we have observed an increase in the number of positive cultures for Mycobacterium gordonae. From 4 cases/year prior to 1995 to 11 in 1996, 32 in 1997, and 63 cases in 1998. This represents 32% of the total positive mycobacterial cultures in our institution for 1998. Although this organism is rarely
Retrospective comparison of BacT/Alert(TM) FAN(R) aerobic media to Isolator(TM) for the detection of yeast from blood.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:134 (abstract no. C-146). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712050; Young CL; Pierson CL; University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor.; Isolator(TM) (Wampole Labs, Cranbury, NJ) has been used at our medical center for the past ten years to detect fungi in blood. BacT/Alert(TM) FAN(R) aerobic media (Organon Teknika Corp., Durham, NC) is currently used for aerobic blood cultures. From January 1996-June 1998 we processed 7732 Isolators for fungi. There w
Comparison of BACTEC Myco-F lytic and BACTEC PLUS Aerobic/F media for the detection of multiple yeast isolates.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:134 (abstract no. C-147). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712051; Eisner JD; Quick J; Lafe K; Cookson BT; University of Washington, Bellevue.; Myco-F is a non-selective culture media suggested for adjunct use with aerobic blood culture media for the recovery of mycobacteria, yeast, and molds. Studies supporting Myco-F for recovery of multiple yeast isolates, however, are lacking. In this study we evaluated the performance of Myco-F vs. the PLUS AEROBIC/F med
Comparative performance of the RapID Yeast Plus System and the API 20C AUX Clinical Yeast System.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:135 (abstract no. C-149). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712052; Smith MB; Dunklee D; Vu H; Woods GL; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.; The performance of the RapID Yeast Plus System (Innovative Diagnostic Systems, Norcross, GA), a 4 hours micromethod panel using single substrate enzymatic test reactions, was compared to that of the AIP 20C AUX Clinical Yeast System (bioMerieux Vitek, Hazelwood, MO), a 48-72 hour carbohydrate assimilation panel. Two h
Detection of the 70 kDa Histoplasma capsulatum antigen in patients sera during the course of follow up and its purification and partial characterization.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:136 (abstract no. C-152). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712053; Gomez BL; Hamilton AJ; Figueroa JI; Diaz S; Rojas M; Tobon AM; Restrepo A; Hay RJ; St. John's Institute of Dermatology, London, United Kingdom.; Histoplasmosis is an important systemic fungal infection, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, who may develop a severe progressive disseminated form of disease. In such patients, the detection of antibody responses for both diagnosis and follow-up may be of limited use, whereas the detection of H. capsulatu
Identification of Candida albicans by sight reading of primary blood containing media plates.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:136 (abstract no. C-153). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712054; Craft DW; Jones MC; Hopfer RL; UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC.; It has been proposed that yeast colonies isolated on primary blood containing agar media that produce feet within 48 hours be presumptively identified as Candida albicans. Feet are defined as spike-like extensions of colony growth due to pseudohyphal formation. We prospectively isolated 112 yeasts from 5 bacteriolog
Membrane filtration methods for the presumptive differentiation of Candida and Aspergillus species in 9-12 hours.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712055; Nelis HJ; Bauters TG; Rapid enzymatic 2-step tests for the presumptive differentiation of Candida and Aspergillus spp. in various clinical samples have been developed. The technique involves membrane filtration of a liquid sample, followed by a preincubation of the membrane filter on a selective medium to yield microcolonies. In a separate
A PCR-based line probe assay for the detection of fungal pathogens.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:136 (abstract no. C-156). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712056; Martin C; Roberts D; Van der Weide M; Rossau R; Jannes G; Smith T; Maher M; National Diagnostics Center, BioResearch Ireland, National; University of Ireland, Galway.; Invasive mycotic infections are contributing to increased morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. While the availability of new anti-fungal drugs has improved the management of infections, in many cases the definitive diagnosis of the fungal agent remains difficult. We report on the development of a
Specific detection of Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus in clinical samples in 2.5 hours.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:137 (abstract no. C-157). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712057; Bauters TG; Nelis HJ; Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ghent,; Belgium.; Current methods for the detection of Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus in clinical samples involve a growth step and, accordingly, take at least 24 h to complete. We have previously developed membrane filtration procedures based on microcolony formation and enzymatic cleavage of fluorogenic substrates which a
Improved detection of Candida spp. in blood using NASBA.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:137 (abstract no. C-158). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712058; Borst A; Box AT; Leverstein-Van Hall MA; Van Gemen B; Verhoef J; Fluit AC; Eijkman Winkler Institute, Utrecht University, Ultrecht,; Netherlands.; Introduction: Candida spp. have become increasingly important causes of infection. Blood cultures are routinely used as diagnostic tool. However, in many cases these blood cultures fail to detect yeasts, either because the culture medium used is not optimal for fungal growth, or because of the low number of organisms
Simultaneous detection, discrimination, and identification of ten Candida species using a Candida genus-specific PCR system.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:137 (abstract no. C-159). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712059; Toyoshiba J; Alessi J; Orle K; Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, CA.; A PCR assay utilizing primers targeted to the 18S rRNA gene that are specific to the genus Candida has been developed. Subsequent detection, discrimination, and identification of amplification products occur on strips containing immobilized, membrane-bound oligonucleotide capture probes. The amplification products in
Distribution of yeast isolates recovered from the oral mucosa of HIV+ patients: relationship to antifungal drug use.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712060; Mckee M; Arthington-Skaggs BA; Motley M; Elie CM; Gallagher L; Rimland D; McNeil MM; Morrison CJ; Oral swabs were taken from 59 HIV+ patients to assess the distribution and antifungal drug resistance profiles of yeasts obtained from oral mucosa. Yeasts were identified by conventional API20C sugar assimilation tests, germ tube and chlamydospore formation, and PCR amplification of purified DNA followed by detection
The in vitro inhibitory and fungicidal activities of the new echinocandin LY303366 against Candida albicans.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712061; Espinel-Ingroff A; Turik MA; Arevalo P; The advent of the NCCLS M27-A document has allowed the development of reliable population-distribution profiles of the antifungal inhibitory activities (MICs for yeasts) of the established agents. Since the NCCLS document does not provide guidelines to determine fungicidal activities (MFCs) of these
In vitro activity of antifungal agents against Candida albicans in combination with rifabutin.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712062; Starks S; El-Azizi M; Khardori N; We studied the in vitro antifungal activity of amphotericin B (AmB), 5-fluorocytosine (FC), itraconazole (ITZ), and fluconazole (FLZ) alone and in combination with rifabutin (RIF) against 10 clinical isolates of Candida albicans. MICs were determined by broth-microdilution technique (NCCLS, M27-A). A standard two dime
In vitro evaluation of pneumocandin activity against clinical isolates of yeasts.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:138 (abstract no. C-166). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712063; Cohen S; Carroll K; University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City.; The activity of Pneumocandin (L-743,872), a water soluble antifungal agent was compared with that of amphotericin B (A), intraconazole (I), ketoconazole (K), 5-fluorocytosine (FC) and fluconazole (F). L was incorporated into the routine panels and tested against 367 fresh clinical iso- lates of various yeast species o
Fungicidal effect of a "hybrid" surfactant lipid preparation (SLP) on Candida spp.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:138 (abstract no. C-167). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712064; Myc A; Horn RB; Hamouda T; Baker JR Jr; University of Michigan, Center for Biologic Nanotechnology, Ann; Arbor.; Surfactant lipid preparations (SLPs) are nontoxic to skin, mucous membranes, and gastrointestinal tissue at biocidal concentrations and are not corrosive to plastics or metal in contrast to commonly used disinfectants. BCTP and P10 are SLPs that have both demonstrated broad but distinct spectra of anti-bacterial activ
Comparison of the E test with a standarized broth microdilution method for fluconazole susceptibility testing of Candida species.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:139 (abstract no. C-168). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712065; Lee HJ; Kim YS; Lee WI; Suh JT; Suh HJ; Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.; Antifungal susceptibility procedures were compared to determine fluconazole MIC against Candida species isolated from clinical specimens. National Committee for clinical laboratory standard broth microdilution method(BM), E test(ET) and disk diffusion method(DD) were performed. The latter two tests were performed in C
Comparison of a new colorimetric procedure with NCCLS broth microdilution method (M-27A) for antifungal drug MIC determination.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:139 (abstract no. C-169). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712066; Li RK; Elie C; Clayton GE; CDC, Atlanta, GA.; A microliter assay for antifungal susceptibility testing was developed based on substrate uptake and colorimetric reaction. This new method (rapid susceptibility assay, RSA) provides quantitative end-point readings in less than 8 hours, compared with the visual determination of MIC by NCCLS broth microdilution method,
Comparative evaluation of Fungitest(R), Neo-sensitabs(R) and broth microdilution method for yeasts susceptibility testing.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:139 (abstract no. C-170). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712067; Hayette MP; Bolland P; Seidel L; Welter S; Melin P; De Mol P; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liege, Belgium.; The need for a simple and reliable method for routine yeasts susceptibility testing led us to evaluate two commercially available methods. We investigated the in vitro susceptibility of 67 clinical isolates (26 C. albicans, 32 C. glabrata, 4 C. krusei, 2 C. tropicalis, 2 C. kefir, 1 S. cerevisiae) to 6 drugs: flucytos
Direct antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts in positive blood cultures by an electrochemical method.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:139 (abstract no. C-171). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712068; Chang HC; Chang JJ; Huang AH; Chang TC; National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan Republic of China.; The mortality rates of fungemia are two to three times of those caused by bacteremia. The conventional antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts in positive blood bottles may take three to four days to complete. The feasibility of direct susceptibility testing of yeasts in blood cultures was evaluated by an electroc
Standardized inoculum preparation studies for the antifungal susceptibility testing of the saprobic phase of Coccidioides immitis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:139 (abstract no. C-172). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712069; Gonzalez Gonzalez G; Tijerina Menchaca R; Sutton DA; Rinaldi MG; Facultad de Medicina, University Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Mexico.; As standardization studies for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi are progressing, we sought to determine a reproducible method for inoculum preparation of Coccidioides immitis (CI) by utilizing a spectrophotometric method. Five isolates of CI were evaluated after 4, 10, and 20 days of growth on po
First cases of disseminated Penicillium marneffel infection among AIDS patients in Vietnam.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:144 (abstract no. C-194). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712070; Hien TV; Loc PP; Hoa TT; Duong NM; Quang VM; Hoa NT; McNeil MM; Ashford DA; Dung NT; Center for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.; Penicillium marneffei, the causal agent of penicilliosis marneffei, is an opportunistic pathogen predominantly found in Southeast Asia. Systemic infection with P. marneffei has protean manifestations including fever, weight loss, anemia, skin lesions, and lymphadenopathy; and diagnosis may be confused with histoplasmo
Quantitative determination of serum IgG specific for toxoplasma by IMMULITE 2000.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712071; Ghadessi M; Lei JD; Schutzbank TE; Burns DH; El Shami AS; DPC has developed the IMMULITE 2000 solid phase chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative detection of IgG antibodies to the Toxoplasma antigen. The IMMULITE 2000 is an automated random access immunoassay analyzer based on the same separation technology as that of DPC s IMMULITE system. IMMULITE 2000 ha
Development of a chemiluminescent assay for the detection of toxoplasma IgG.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:147 (abstract no. C-211). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712072; Bonnar P; Vasily-Cioffi M; Chiodini C; Bonapace J; Baker L; Hall J; Chiron Diagnostics, E. Walpole, MA.; A class capture-based immunoassay for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG has been developed for the ACS:Centaur(TM) system, a high-capacity, fully automated, random access immunoassay analyzer based magnetic separation and chemiluminescent detection technologies. For the ACS:Centaur Toxoplasma IgG assay,
Development of a chemiluminescent assay for the detection of toxoplasma IgM.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:147 (abstract no. C-212). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712073; Sliwinski G; Bonapace S; Green J; Kenny F; Baker L; Hall J; Chiron Diagnostics, E. Walpole, MA.; A class capture-based immunoassay for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii -specific IgM has been developed for the ACS:Centaur(R) system, a high-capacity, fully automated, random access immunoassay analyzer based on magnetic separation and chemiluminescent detection technologies. For the ACS:Centaur Toxoplasma IgM assa
Evaluation of the new Determine(TM) rapid HIV test in Honduras and the Dominican Republic.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:148 (abstract no. C-218). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712074; Palmer CJ; Dubon J; Koenig E; Ager A; Jayaweera D; Rivera A; Rubido A; Palmer D; University of Miami School of Medicine/BioQuest, FL.; Rapid detection of HIV infection can provide an important tool in the fight to control HIV disease. We evaluated the new Determine(TM) (Abbott, Abbott Park, IL) rapid HIV test on a group of well characterized serum samples (CD4/viral loads) in Miami and at field sites in
A novel synthetic peptide for rapid diagnosis of HIV-2 infection.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:148 (abstract no. C-219). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712075; Chowdhury MA; Kozhich AT; Lovchik JM; Bernstein DB; Universal Health Research & Development Inc., Columbia, MD.; In rapid diagnostics, synthetic peptide antigens have been used to detect antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), especially HIV type 2. For the majority of serological diagnostic tests, the detection of HIV infection is based on antibody reactivity to the immunodominant region (IDR) of the envelope transmem
Performance evaluation of a new automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for the detection of CMV IgG antibodies.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:148 (abstract no. C-220). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712076; Laliberte K; Drolet R; Emrich S; Masiello N; McCusker L; Peters L; Trust C; Turano J; Baker L; Tirrell S; Chiron Diagnostics, E. Walpole, MA.; A chemiluminescent immunoassay for the detection of IgG antibodies to human Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) has been developed for the ACS:Centaur(TM)system, a high capacity, fully automated immunoassay analyzer. This immunoassay system couples paramagnetic microparticle
Assessment of branched-chain version 3 [BCV-3] assay for HIV viral burden [VB].: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:171 (abstract no. C-325). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712077; Pearlman ES; Butala S; Bilello L; Stauffer J; Centralized Laboratory Services (CLS), Inc., Long Island, NY.; Assay of HIV-VB has become integral to monitoring the efficacy of anti-retroviral therapy CLS is a large free- standing laboratory which receives 250-300 specimens per month for VB assays and currently uses a signal amplification procedure for this purpose (Branched-chain assay, version 2.0 [BCV-2]; Bayer Inc -Tarryto
A quantitative HIV-1 viral load assay using TMA amplification and the VIDAS instrument.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:171 (abstract no. C-326). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712078; Burg JL; McCarty JM; Catanzariti L; Weinbaum B; MacLean PM; bioMerieux, Inc., Rockland, MA.; A quantitative RNA assay for HIV-1 was developed using bioMerieux s automated VIDAS detection system and GenProbe s Transcription Mediated Amplification (TMA) technology. HIV-1 positive plasma samples, subtype specific RNA transcripts, and HIV-1 viral calibrators were prepared by target capture of HIV-1 RNA onto param
Evaluation of clinical performance and cost analysis of Chiron and Roche HIV-1 viral load testing methods.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:171 (abstract no. C-327). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712079; Elbeik T; Charlebois E; Nassos P; Kahn J; Hecht F; Ng V; Yajko D; Hadley WK; University of California, San Francisco.; A significant decrease in HIV-1 RNA levels (viral load), below 400 - 500 copies/mL, has been accomplished with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). Current outcome analyses support the need to suppress and maintain viral levels below 50 copies/mL. Monitoring viral breakthrough becomes increasingly important
Early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection by a multiplex nested PCR of children born to infected mothers.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:171 Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712080; Hakim A; Zlatkes R; Batalla V; Sen L; Hospital General de Agudos Ramos Mejia", Buenos Aries, Argentina.; The aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of a multiplex nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection of children born to infected mothers. We studied 44 children, all received preventative antiretroviral therapy. Following the ACTG 076 protocol, except for
Prevalence of HIV-1 serotypes in HIV-1 infected patients from Slovenia.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:172 (abstract no. C-329). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712081; Poljak M; Seme K; Marin I; Tomazic J; Vidmar L; Institute of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia.; Different subtypes of HIV-1 are prevalent in various geographical regions. Knowledge of HIV-1 subtype distribution in a particular country is of importance with respect to possible differences in biological properties as well as to diagnostic problems that may arise when specific subtypes are not recognized by standar
HIV-1 pheno- and genotyping - comparison of results.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:172 (abstract no. C-330). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712082; Fenner T; Hein F; Laboratory Dres. Fenner, Hamburg, Germany.; The object of the study was to compare the results of HIV-1 phenotyping (recombinant virus assay by Virco) and genotyping (sequencing RT- and protease gen) for four protease inhibitors (53 patients) and two reverse transcriptase inhibitors (44 patients). For the pro
Clinical evaluation of HIV-1 viral load measurements and the detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) by PCR and the NucliSens CMV pp67 assay in cerebrospinal fluid from AIDS patients with specific CNS disease.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712083; Ginocchio CC; Zhang F; Tetali S; Kaplan MH; Cromme F; Lunenberg J; This study evaluated the clinical use of CSF HIV-1 viral load measurements in conjunction with the CSF detection of CMV by both PCR and the NucliSens CMV pp67 assay for the differential diagnosis of AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC) and CMV encephalopathy in HIV+ pati
Detection of active cytomegalovirus infection by nuclisens CMV pp67 and DNA hybrid capture assays.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:172 (abstract no. C-332). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712084; Kohn D; Dewey P; Brakeman J; Isada C; Yen-Lieberman B; The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH.; Objective: The Nuclisens(TM) CMV pp67 Assay (pp67) (Organon Teknika) utilizes NASBA technology for the qualitative detection of pp67 mRNA, which is expressed during active viral replication. The pp67 assay was compared to the DNA Hybrid Capture(R) Assay (HC)(Dig
Comparison of a modified salt precipitation procedure using whole blood and lysis of isolated peripheral blood leukocytes for extraction of CMV DNA for PCR analysis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:172 (abstract no. C-333). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712085; Podzorski RP; Merline JR; Holsinger JH; Qureshi R; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.; Direct detection of CMV DNA in blood by PCR is frequently used to aid in the diagnosis of systemic CMV disease. Numerous procedures for processing blood specimens for PCR detection of CMV are available. In a prospective study, we compared a commercially availabl
Comparison of six commercial DNA extraction kits for the recovery of CMV DNA from spiked human specimens.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:173 (abstract no. C-334). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712086; Fahle GA; Fischer SH; NIH, Bethesda, MD.; Six commercially available DNA extraction kits were tested for their ability to recover three different dilutions of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) DNA for PCR amplification. The kits included in the comparison were the Puregene(R) DN
Comparison of laboratory assays for detection of CMV DNA, RNA and antigen.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:173 (abstract no. C-335). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712087; Bush CE; Bramlet E; Mayers D; Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI.; CMV is a common cause of opportunistic disease in immunocompromised patients. Since CMV is ubiquitous in these populations, it is important to identify laboratory methods to distinguish active untreated CMVdisease from stable treated disease, and transient virem
Detection of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar, and Cryptosporidium parvum antigens in human fecal specimens using an eIA parasite panel.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:177 (abstract no. C-355). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712088; Garcia LS; Shimizu RY; Bernard CN; Bruni JF; Brooks V; UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.; The Triage(R) Parasite Panel is a qualitative EIA for the detection of G. lamblia, E. histolytica/E. dispar, and C. parvum in fresh or fresh frozen, unfixed human fecal specimens. Antigens specific for these organisms are isolated and immobilized on a membrane using specific antibodies. After the addition of appropria
Detection of Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum antigens in human fecal specimens using the Genzyme Combo Rapid Test.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:177 (abstract no. C-356). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712089; Garcia LS; Shimizu RY; UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.; The Combo Rapid Test (Genzyme Diagnostics) is a solid phase qualitative immunochromatographic assay that detects and distinguishes between G. lamblia and C. parvum in aqueous extracts of human fecal specimens (fresh, frozen, unfixed or fixed in 5%, 10% formalin or SAF). Antigens specific for these organisms are isolat
A novel rapid immunoassay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of Giardia and Cryptosporidium antigens in human stool specimens.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:177 (abstract no. C-357). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712090; Chen J; Tanowitz HB; Graham F; Wittner M; Kaplan RL; Chan R; Genzyme Diagnostics, San Carlos, CA.; A membrane-based rapid immunoassay for the qualitative detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium antigens (Genzyme Diagnostics Contrast(R) Giardia Cryptosporidium Combo Rapid Test) was evaluated on formalin preserved stool specimens. The test utilizes a colloidal carbon technology that will simultaneously detect and di
Giardia and Cryptosporidium antigen detection using the meridian premier and alexon trend assays; a comparative study.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:177 (abstract no. C-358). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712091; Doing KM; Blodgett WR; Affiliated Laboratory, Inc., Bangor, ME.; Giardia and Cryptosporidium remain important causes of diarrheal illness throughout the U.S., and in many areas represent the most common causes of parasitic diarrhea. Conventional ova and parasite examination procedures are labor intensive and cannot be relied on to detect Cryptosporidium unless special staining tech
Cryptosporidium antigen detection by the Cryptosporidium Test (Tech Lab) and the ProSpect Cryptosporidium Microplate Assay (Alexon Trend).: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:178 (abstract no. C-361). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712092; Rollender W; Kostroff B; Eskanazi C; Diagnostic Specialty Laboratory, New York, NY.; Cryptosporidium Test (Tech Lab) and ProSpect Cryptosporidium Microplate Assay (Alexon Trend) are Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) methods for the detection of cryptosporidium antigens in fecal specimens. The Cryptosporidium Test assay utilizes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against the cell surface antigens of
Molecular variation within the human genotype of Cryptosporidium parvum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:178 (abstract no. C-362). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712093; Xiao L; Limor L; Arrowood MJ; Moore A; Quiroz E; Herwaldt BL; Quinn K; Juranek DD; Lal AA; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, GA.; Previous characterization of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene by us had identified 2 genotypes of Cryptosporidium parvum, which differed in primary sequences in 4 regions within the first half of the SSU rRNA gene. The human genotype was found exclusively in humans, whereas the bovine genotype was found in calves
Nucleotide sequence characterization of HSP70 heat-shock gene differentiates various Cryptosporidium species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium parvum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:178 (abstract no. C-363). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712094; Sulaiman IM; Morgon U; Arrowood MJ; Thompson RC; Fayer R; Lal AA; Xiao L; National Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease; Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.; Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan parasite infecting humans and animals. Over 20 different species have been named, but only six to eight species (C. parvum, C. muris, C. wrairi, C. felis, C. meleagridis, C. baileyi, C. serpentis, and C. nasorum) are considered as valid species by most researchers. Recently, it ha
Modification and evaluation of a commercially available toxoplasma PCR probe capture assay.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:179 (abstract no. C-364). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712095; Martins TB; Hillyard DR; Taggart EW; Taylor KA; Litwin CM; Jaskowski TD; Hill HR; Associated Regional and University Pathologists (ARUP) Institute; for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT.; Toxoplasma gondii is a cyst-forming parasite of clinical relevance primarily because of the neurological abnormalities it can cause. The parasite is a significant cause of congenital infections associated with abortion and/or severe damage of the fetus. Among the opportunistic infections of human HIV-infected individu
What role does Bartonella sp. bacteraemia play in the pathogenesis of febrile illness in HIV infected patients? A prospective study.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:188 (abstract no. C-408). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712096; Eisen D; Nolan M; Sloots T; Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia.; Bartonella infections cause clinical syndromes in HIV infected patients known as bacillary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis. In the 45% of cases without characteristic skin lesions, the clinical syndrome of fever and lymphadenopathy is very hard to distinguish from dissemi
Activation of HIV-1 expression by bacteria associated with vaginosis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:213 (abstract no. D/B-21). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712097; Hashemi FB; Ghassem M; Hart M; Sha B; Spear GT; Rush University, Chicago, IL.; Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common disorder characterized by changes in the vaginal microbial flora. BV is associated with an increased rate of sexual transmission of HIV-1. We investigated the effects of BV-associated organisms on expression of HIV-1 in a monocytoid cell line. We report that lysates of G. vaginalis
In vitro infection of human mast cells by HIV-1 stimulates degranulation and apoptosis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:284 (abstract no. E-66). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712098; Petrow CL; Ruscetti FW; Taub DD; Mikovits JA; IRSP, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-FCRDE, MD.; During mucosal host defense, mast cells rapidly expand and, upon degranulation, release various mediators which facilitate the infiltration of inflammatory cells to mucosal tissues. Since the mucosa can be the primary site of HIV infection, we studied the effect of HIV exposure on mast cells in vitro. The human mast c
Role of IL-18 in Mycobacterium-induced granuloma formation in IL-18 knockout mice.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:286 (abstract no. E-77). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712099; Sugawara I; Yamada H; Kaneko H; Mizuno S; Takeda K; Akira S; Dept. Mol. Pathol., Res. Inst. Tuberculosis, Kiyose, Japan.; Immunity to mycobacterial infection is closely related to emergence of T cells secreting cytokines resulting in macrophage activation and recruitment of circulating monocytes to initiate chronic granuloma formation. IFN-gamma activates macrophage and like IL-12, IL-18 is shown to activate Th1 and induces IFN-gamma pro
Is there a role for chemokine receptor in pathogenic-host interaction?: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:287 (abstract no. E-85). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712100; Smith E; Braithwaite C; King N; Osuji G; Olson M; Tuskegee University, TX.; Chemokine receptors have recently generated interest in the search for factors that may influence resistance to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-l. In the present work, individuals from the CEPH reference DNA panel and 4 ethnic groups including African Americans (AA), Mexican Americans (MA), Japanese (JA), Northern
Innate and T helper cytokines in Candida albicans infection.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:288 (abstract no. E-89). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712101; Mencacci A; Cenci E; del Sero G; Fe' D'Ostiani C; Bacci A; Montagnoli C; Bistoni F; Romani L; University of Perugia, Italy.; Studies in mice have shown that protection against Candida albicans infection correlates with the occurrence of Th1 CD4+ responses, while TH2 responses are associated with disease exacerbation and pathology. A variety of factors controls CD4+ Th cell subset development and regulation in murine candidiasis. Among these
Essential role of IL-12 in host to Cryptococcus neoformans: analysis using an IL-12 gene-disrupted mice.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:288 (abstract no. E-90). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712102; Yara S; Kawakami K; Qureshi MH; Koguchi Y; Miyazato A; Saito A; Univ. Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.; Host defense mechanism against infection with Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) is mediated mainly by cellular immunology, and type on helper T (Th1) cells are important for this induction. IL-12 is necessary for differentiation of Th1 cells from naive Th cells, and is reported to play a central role in host defense mechan
IL-12 and IL-18-induced fungicidal activity of mouse peritoneal exudate cells against Cryptococcus neoformans also involves TNF-alpha.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:289 (abstract no. E-91). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712103; Qureshi MH; Kawakami K; Koguchi Y; Zhang T; Kurimoto M; Saito A; Univ. Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.; We have recently demonstrated that two IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18, synergistically induced the fungicidal activity of mouse peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) against Cryptococcus neoformans through NK cell production of interferon (IFN)-gamma and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. In the presen
The IL-16 inducing activity of Z100, a M. tuberculosis- derived arabinomannan, in cultures of human peripheral blood lymphocytes.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:289 (abstract no. E-92). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712104; Sasaki H; Kobayashi M; Weirich K; Furukawa H; Kobayashi H; Schuenke K; Curry J; Nomoto K; Nokta MA; Pollard RB; Suzuki F; U. of Texas Med. Branch, Galveston.; An immunomodulatory activity of Z-100 has been well documented. Z-100 has been shown to be an inducer of IFN- gamma and IL-12. In the present study, IL-16 inducing activities of Z-100 in cultures of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were investigated. Z-100 was obtained from Zeria Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tok
Restoration of the impaired production of IL-12 in MAIDS mice treated with glycyrrhizin.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:289 (abstract no. E-93). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712105; Utsunomiya T; Kobayashi M; Pollard RB; Suzuki F; Univ. of Texas Med. Branch, Galveston.; An impairment of IL-12 production has been shown in MAIDS mice bearing type 2 helper T cell responses (Th2 responses). Since glycyrrhizin (GR), an active component of licorice roots, has been shown to be an inhibitor of Th2 responses, in this paper the effect fo GR on the imparied IL12 responsiveness in MAIDS mice was
HIV suppression by a biological response modifier (BRM) through a cellular anti-viral factor (CAF)-like mechanism.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:290 (abstract no. E-97). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712106; Vila S; Rios-Olivares E; Rios-Orraca Z; Ocasio MC; Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamon, P.R.; Experiments were designed to determine the mechanism(s) by which a Biological Response Modifier (BRM), Polyantigenic Immunomodulator (PAI), suppresses HIV replication. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) from normal subjects were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation and incubated with PAI. The CD4+
Actin gene of different varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans: sequence analyses and phylogenetic implications.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:296 (abstract no. F-3). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712107; Hamilton AJ; Chaturvedi S; Chaturvedi V; St. Johns Dermatology Inst., London, United Kingdom.; Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn), the etiologic agent of cryptococcosis, includes varieties neoformans (serotypes A and D) and var. gattii (serotypes B and C). There is a striking difference in disease manifestations of these fungi: neoformans is a pathogen in immunocompromised patients worldwide while var gattii causes d
Phylogenetic study of Histoplasma capsulatum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:296 (abstract no. F-4). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712108; Kasuga T; Koenig G; Taylor J; White T; Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, CA.; An ascomycetous fungus Histoplasma capsulatum is the etiologic agent of histoplasmosis. The fungus has been isolated from all over the world, and several distinct varieties are known which show difference in virulence and host specificity. It is not clear whether H. capsulatum varieties form genetically isolated subsp
Coaggregation of Candida dubliniesis and Candida albicans by Fusobacterium nucleatum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:297 (abstract no. F-9). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712109; Jabra-Rizk MA; Falkler WA; Baqui AA; Kelley J; Merz W; Meiller T; Johns Hopkins Hosp., Baltimore, MD.; Candida dubliniesis (Cdub), a newly characterized yeast species, is recovered from the oral cavity of seropositive HIV and other immunocompromised patients. Cdub phenotypi- cally resembles C. albicans (Calb), yet can be identified and differentiated as a unique Candida species by phenotypic and genetic profiles. The b
Ferric reduction is a potential iron acquisition mechanism for Histoplasma capsulatum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:297 (abstract no. F-11). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712110; Timmerman MM; Woods JP; University of Wisconsin, Madison.; For the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, as for other microbial pathogens, iron is an essential nutrient, iron sequestration in response to infection is a demonstrated host defense mechanism, and thus iron acquisition may be considered an important pathogenic determinant. H. capsulatum is known to secrete hydroxamate si
Enzymatic features of recombinant elongation factor 3 from Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:298 (abstract no. F-12). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712111; Blakely G; Hekman J; Chakraburtty K; Williamson PR; University of Illinois, Chicago.; Protein translation is critically dependent on elongation factor-3 in ascomycetes such as Saccharomyces and Candida albicans, but is not required or present in mammalian cells. Thus, EF-3 represents a drug target whose inhibitors may have extensive antifungal activity yet have favorable side- effect profiles in humans
Budding of melanized Cryptococcus neoformans in the presence or absence of L-dopa.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:298 (abstract no. F-13). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712112; Nosanchuk JD; Rudolph J; Rosas AL; Casadevall A; Albert Einstein Coll. of Med., Bronx, NY.; Cryptococcus neoformans produces melanin when grown in media with L-dopa and the melanin is deposited in the cell wall. Melanin is a rigid, acid-resistant polymer of uncertain structure found in all biological kingdoms. Once cryptococcal cells become melanized they must bud through the rigid melanin layer in the cell
Characterization of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene of Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:298 (abstract no. F-15). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712113; Chaturvedi S; Lowry CV; Abramova N; Rodeghier B; Hamilton AJ; Hobby P; Chaturvedi V; NY State Dept. of Health, Albany.; Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) is a facultative intracellular yeast that causes serious meningitis in immunocompromised patients. Melanin is one of the major virulence factors of the fungus that acts as an antioxidant. There is a preliminary report indicating that Cn melanin and Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) act ind
Identification of an aspartyl protease from Coccidioides immitis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:298 (abstract no. F-16). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712114; Johnson SM; Kerekes KM; Zimmermann CR; Pappagianis D; UC Davis, CA.; A crude subcellular vaccine derived from formalin killed Coccidioides immitis spherules, designated F27K, has been shown to protect mice against a lethal intranasal challenge. Con A lectin affinity chromatography was useds to separate components of the F27K vaccine. SDS-PAGE of the material eluted yielded multiple dis
Characterization of the differentially expressed catalase isozymes and genes of Histoplasma capsulatum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:298 (abstract no. F-17). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712115; Johnson CH; York JL; McEwen JE; McClellan JL; VA Hospital, Little Rock, AR.; When H. capsulatum infects a mammalian host, it encounters various environmental stresses, including oxidative stress. Many organisms respond to such stress by inducing expression of catalase. With the idea that catalase activity is involved with fungal pathogenicity, we are continuing our characterization of the cata
The role of inositol efflux and synthesis in maintaining intracellular levels in Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:299 (abstract no. F-18). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712116; Garay PE; Okawa Y; Jimenez J; Adriance M; Klig LS; California State University, Long Beach.; Cryptococcus neoformans both synthesizes and catabolizes inositol. Inositol is a six carbon sugar that can be used as a lipid precursor, a precursor of signal transductants, an osmolyte, or a carbon/energy source. In C. neoformans, inositol is synthesized by inositol-l-phosphate synthase (I- 1-P S) which converts gluc
Differential gene expression in hydrophobic and hydrophilic Candida albicans yeast cells.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712117; Singleton D; Masuoka J; Hazen KC; The level of Candida albicans cell surface hydrophobicity has been correlated with the ability of the organism to adhere to host surfaces and the ability of host immune cells to effectively kill invading fungal cells. However, the mechanism controlling the degree of hydrophobicity is unknown. Differential display reve
Purification and molecular cloning of Cryptococcus neoformans mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:299 (abstract no. F-20). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712118; Suvarna K; Bartiss A; Wong B; Yale University, West Haven, CT.; Cryptococcus neoformans produces large amounts of the acyclic polyol mannitol in culture and in infected mammalian hosts. Earlier studies linked mannitol synthesis by C. neoformans with tolerance to heat, osmotic, and oxidative stresses, and with virulence in mice. Mannitol-l-phopshate dehydrogenase (MPD) has been sho
Transformation of Coccidioides immitis and molecular evidence for haploidy of this fungal pathogen.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:299 (abstract no. F-22). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712119; Reichard U; Yu JJ; Seshan KR; Cole GT; Medical College of Ohio, Toledo.; A method to transform the human pathogenic fungus, Coccidioides immitis, by homologous integration has been established. The procedure involves generation of protoplasts followed by uptake of DNA mediated by CaCl2 and polyethylene glycol. For selection of transformed colonies, the hygromycin resistance gene of Escheri
Purification and characterization of urease from the pathogenic fungus Coccidioides immitis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:300 (abstract no. F-23). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712120; Mirbod F; Schaller RA; Hausinger RP; Cole GT; Medical College of Ohio, Toledo.; Urease of Coccidioides immitis has been shown to be an important immunoprotective antigen and may represent a virulence factor of this human respiratory fungal pathogen. Ammonia/ammonium generated by hydrolysis of urea and secreted by the fungus may compromise host defenses during the process of infection. Growth of t
The comparison of agar media, used with the Isolator(R) system, for the recovery of fungi from blood cultures.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:300 (abstract no. F-25). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712121; Procop GW; Cockerill FR; Vetter EA; Harmsen WS; Hughes JG; Roberts GD; Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH.; We assessed five agar media [Sheep s blood agar (SBA), Chocolate agar (CA), Inhibitory Mold agar (IMA), Brain Heart Infusion agar (BHI) and Sabouraud-Dextrose agar (SDA)], used in conjunction with the Isolator(R) system (Wampole Laboratories, Cranbury, NJ), for the recovery of fungi from blood cultures. We reviewed 1,
An established cell line as a model for Cryptococcus neoformans interactions with human endothelial cells.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:300 (abstract no. F-26). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712122; Merkel GJ; Scofield BA; Przybycin C; Indiana Univ. School of Med., Fort Wayne.; C. neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen whose adherence to endothelium may be important in the dissemination process. In this study we sought to determine if the established endothelial cell line, ECV 304, might serve as a model for studying yeast-endothelial cell interactions. Using a radiometric assay we m
Enhanced resistance to in vitro phagocytosis, of logarithmic growing Cryptococcus neoformans by the early production of a phagocytosis inhibitory protein (IP).: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:300 (abstract no. F-27). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712123; Hernandez AM; Bolanos B; Medical Sciences Campus, UPR, San Juan, PR.; Background: Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast cell that causes Cryptococcosis, a disease more commonly seen as a central nervous infection in AIDS patients. We had purified a low molecular weight protein in cytoplasmic extracts of C. neoformans that inhibits phagocytosis. We had described the higher res
Differntial immunogenicity between melanogenic and non- melanogenic C. neoformans strains at the cerebral level.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:301 (abstract no. F-28). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712124; Barluzzi R; Brozzetti A; Saleppico S; Bistoni F; Blasi E; Univ. Perugia, Italy.; The opportunistic fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans, shows a marked predilection for the central nervous system (CNS). This can be partially explained by its ability to synthesize melanin starting from the catecholamines, highly concentrated at the CNS level. To evaluate the role of melanin production on the vi
Antibodies reactive with C. neoformans capsular polysaccharide are found in both HIV+ and HIV- children.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:301 (abstract no. F-29). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712125; Abadi J; Pirofski L; Albert Einstine Coll. of Med., Bronx, NY.; C. neoformans meningoencephalitis occurs in 6-10% of the adult AIDS population, but it is infrequent in children. The reason for this difference is unknown. The C. neoformans polysaccharide capsule, composed predominantly of glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), confers serotype specificity to the yeast and is a major virulence
A glucose transporter homolog (GTH1) regulates melanin production and pathogenicity in Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:301 (abstract no. F-30). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712126; Alspaugh JA; Sudarshan S; Perfect JR; Heitman J; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.; Background: In C. neoformans, expression of the pathogenic factor melanin is repressed by high concentrations of glucose. In other fungi, homologs of hexose transporters acts as sensors to signal extracellular glucose concentration. Hypothesis: A glucose transporter homolog signals extracellular glucose concentration
The role of the GPA1/cAMP signaling pathway in mating and pathogenicity in a serotype D strain of Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:301 (abstract no. F-31). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712127; Allen BM; Alspaugh JA; Heitman J; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.; Problem: Cryptococcus neoformans is a human fungal pathogen and an important cause of disease in immunocompromised hosts. Several virulence factors, including capsule and melanin production, are induced by specific environmental signals. In a serotype A strain, the G >alpha protein GPA1 and cAMP have been shown to reg
The Isocitrate lyase gene of Cryptococcus neoformans is expressed during infection.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712128; Rude TH; Toffaletti DL; Perfect JR; Introduction: The ability to perform functional genomics in pathogenic fungi has become an important tool to understand pathogenesis. We have identified a series of genes induced in Cryptococcus neoformans during infection of the central nervous system (CNS) in an experimental rabbit model of cryptococcal meningitis.
Cloning and expression of a Cryptococcus neoformans gene encoding a protein associated with inhibition of phagocytosis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:302 (abstract no. F-33). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712129; Martinez-Marino B; del Poeta M; Perfect JR; Bolanos B; Medical Sciences Campus, UPR, San Juan, PR.; Background: Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that causes life-threatening infection in AIDS patients and without opsonins is not easily phagocytosed. We have purified a basic, low molecular weight protein in cytoplas- mic extracts of C. neoformans that inhibits phagocytosis and may be involved in virul
Cryptococcus neoformans mannosyl transferase exhibits appropriate specificity for a role in capsule synthesis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:302 (abstract no. F-34). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712130; Doering TL; Sommer U; Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY.; Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for life-threatening infections in patients with impaired immune function due to AIDS, proliferative disorders, or drug therapy. The primary virulence factor of this organism is an extensive polysaccharide capsule which surrounds the fungal cell wall and
The role of CCR5 in organ-specific immunity to Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:302 (abstract no. F-35). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712131; Lindell DM; Toews GB; McDonald RA; Olszewski MA; Murphy JW; Kuziel WA; Huffnagle GB; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.; CC chemokines are known to be important for host immunity to a variety of microbes, including the AIDS-associated opportunistic pathogen C. neoformans. Our objective was to determine the role of the CC chemokine receptor CCR5 in host defense against C. neoformans. CCR5 knockout mice were generated by homozygous deleti
The effects of inoculation dose on the development of TH1 versus TH2 responses to pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:302 (abstract no. F-36). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712132; Williams DD; Huffnagle GB; Univ. of Michigan (UROP), Ann Arbor.; The dose of antigen administered during immunization may affect whether a TH1 or a TH2 response develops. When challenged intratracheally with moderately virulent strains of C. neoformans, CBA/J mice clear the infection and generate a TH1 response. In contrast, C57BL/6 mice do not clear the infection and develop a TH2
Modulation of TH1 and TH2 immune responses by a highly virulent strain of Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:302 (abstract no. F-37). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712133; Pray LE; Toews GB; Huffnagle GB; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.; Highly virulent C. neoformans strains down-regulate the development of strong TH1 responses in resistant mice by the production of yet-unidentified virulence factors. The objective of the studies was to determine whether highly virulent strains of C. neoformans down-regulate the development of a TH2 response. CBA/J an
The role of MIP-1 alpha in the regulation of Th1 versus Th2 immune responses to Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:303 (abstract no. F-38). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712134; Olszewski MA; Toews GB; McDonald RA; Lindell DM; Moore BB; Cook DN; Huffnagle GB; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.; Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) is required for the efferent phase of immunity to Cryptococcus neoformans infection. Presently, we studied the role of MIP- 1 alpha in the afferent phase of T cell-mediated immunity against this pathogen. MIP-1 alpha knockout mice (MIP-1 alpha-/-) and wild type mic
The role of C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) in pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans (Cneo) infection in the mouse.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:303 (abstract no. F-39). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712135; Traynor TR; Toews GB; Kuziel WA; Huffnagle GB; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.; Previous study using neutralizing antibodies found that monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) plays a critical role in the T cell-dependent immune response to pulmonary Cneo infection. Given that CCR2 is the primary receptor for MCP-1, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of Cneo infe
Chloroquine and antibody to the cryptococcal capsule have additive effects in vitro and in vivo.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:303 (abstract no. F-40). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712136; Harrison TS; Casadevall A; Liu X; Levitz SM; St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.; We have previously demonstrated that chloroquine and monoclonal antibody to the Cryptococcus neoformans capsule, used individually, can enhance the anticryptococcal activity of mononuclear phagocytes and prolong the survival of mice with cryptococcosis. We hypothesized that because (1) chloroquine works exclusively on
Identification of antigens derived from Cryptococcus neoformans that stimulate T cell responses.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:303 (abstract no. F-41). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712137; Levitz SM; Nong S; Liu X; Boston University Schoool of Medicine, MA.; Intact T cell function is critical for effective host defenses against cryptococcosis. However, the antigen(s) on C. neoformans that stimulate a protective cell-mediated immune (CMI) response against cryptococcosis are poorly characterized. To identify such cryptococcal protein antigens, C57Bl/6 mice were immunized wi
Human neutrophil-mediated nonoxidative antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:303 (abstract no. F-42). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712138; Mambula SS; Simons ER; Hastey RP; Levitz SM; Boston University School of Medicine, MA.; Human neutrophils are known to inhibit and kill neoformans in vitro and are thought to play an important role in host defenses against cryptococcosis. Oxidative mechanisms have been well studied and appear to be essential for optimal fungal killing. The aim of the present study was to study the contribution of non-oxi
Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans stimulation of MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta and RANTES production in PBMC from HIV+ and HIV- persons.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:304 (abstract no. F-43). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712139; Huang C; Levitz SM; Boston University School of Medicine, MA.; Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans Stimulation of MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta and RANTES production in PBMC from HIV+ and HIV- Persons. The beta-chemokines MIP-1 alpha, MIP- 1 beta and RANTES are critical for recruitment of inflammatory cells during an immune response. These three chemokines bind to the chemokin
Effect of chloroquine on release of tumor necrosis factor alpha from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:304 (abstract no. F-44). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712140; Weber SM; Levitz SM; Boston University School of Medicine, MA.; Previously, we demonstrated that the lysosomotropic weak base chloroquine (CQ) empowered human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to kill C. neoformans. The exact mechanism is uncertain but related to alkalization of the phagolysosome by CQ. Further, CQ treatment increased survival in moose models of cryptococc
Laccase protects C. neoformans from fungistasis of bronchoalveolar macrophages by suppressing formation of hydroxyl radicals.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:304 (abstract no. F-45). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712141; Liu L; Williamson PR; University of Illinois, Chicago.; We previously reported that catecholamine oxidation products, instead of melanin pigment, the presumed product of laccase are produced in mouse brain infected with C. neoformans. Now we investigate the role of laccase in fungistasis of bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAM) by using two congenic lacc+ (2ETUC) and lacc- (2E
Vacuolar processing is essential for production of two virulence factors in Cryptococcus neoformans: laccase and capsule production.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:304 (abstract no. F-46). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712142; Erickson TM; Gueyikian A; Williamson PR; Univ Il at Chicago.; Cellular trafficking of proteins is a fundamental and essential property of eukaryotic cells, responsible for accurate cellular location of secreted proteins. Fungal virulence factors, by virtue of their ability to interact with the host environment from the fungal surface, would be expected to be critically dependent
Loss of upstream transcription factor activity in Cryptococcus neoformans attenuates activity of the virulence factor laccase at host temperatures.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:304 (abstract no. F-47). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712143; Zhang S; Williamson PR; Univ. Illinois at Chicago.; Transcriptional regulation is a major regulation point for modulating virulence in pathogenic fungi including C. neoformans. Laccase, an enzyme which produces in vitro melanin pigment, is a major virulence factor and its effect is dependent on the transcription of a single gene, CNLAC1. Curiously, laccase activity is
Effects of nitric oxide in experimental murine cryptococcosis and passive antibody efficacy.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:305 (abstract no. F-48). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712144; Rivera J; Mukherjee J; Weiss L; Casadevall A; Albert Einstine Coll. of Med., Bronx, NY.; Nitric oxide (NO) is important for defense against various pathogens, including Cryptococcus neoformans. In vitro, Fc receptor activation elicits NO production. This study evaluated the susceptibility of iNOS deficient mice (iNOS-/- ) to C. neoformans infection and efficacy of passive mAb administration in intratrache
Glyphosate inhibits melanization of Cryptococcus neoformans and affects survival following systemic infection in mice.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:305 (abstract no. F-49). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712145; Nosanchuk JD; Casadevall A; Albert Einstine Coll. of Med., Bronx, NY.; Cryptococcus neoformans synthesizes melanin grown in the presence of L-dopa and melanin production has been associated with virulence. Currently, there are no compounds that inhibit melanization in C. neoformans. Glyphosate is a herbicide that inhibits polymer formation in plants by blocking the metabolism of phenolic
Melanin-binding monoclonal antibodies for the study of melanogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans in vivo.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:305 (abstract no. F-50). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712146; Rosas AL; Nosanchuk JD; Casadevall A; Albert Einstine Coll. of Med., Bronx, NY.; Melanins are pigments found in organisms of all kingdoms, and are important virulence factors for some pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Despite their wide distribution and clinical importance, the study of these compounds has been hampered by the lack of melanin-specific reagents. Three melanin-binding monoclonal antibo
Isolation and expression of the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) gene of Coccidioides immitis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:305 (abstract no. F-51). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712147; Guevara-Olvera L; Yu JJ; Hung CY; Cole GT; Medical College of Ohio, Toledo.; Coccidioides immitis (Ci) is a fungal pathogen which causes a human respiratory disease known as San Joaquin Valley fever. A distinct feature of this fungus is its atypical parasitic cycle. ODC is the initial and most highly regulated enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, and has been demonstrated in several fungal models
Isolation and expression of the Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene of Coccidioides immitis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:305 (abstract no. F-52). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712148; Yu JJ; Hung CY; Thomas PW; Cole GT; Medical College of Ohio, Toledo.; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends were used to clone and conduct the sequence analysis of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene of Coccidioides immitis (Ci), a respiratory fungal pathogen of humans. The Ci GAPDH gene contains seven introns and an open reading fram
Chitinase: a potential target for an antifungal drug.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712149; Thomas PW; Cole GT; Chitinase is essential for the degradation of chitin, a major
The Cryptococcus neoformans STE11alpha Gene is MATalpha- specific and required for mating.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:306 (abstract no. F-54). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712150; Wickes BL; Edman U; Woodlee GL; McClelland CM; Edman JC; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.; Cryptococcus neoformans is a heterothallic basidiomycetous yeast with two mating types, MATa and MATalpha. The molecular analysis of the MATalpha locus has resulted in the isolation of approximately 42 kb of MATalpha-specific DNA. Sequence analysis of this region has identified a number of genes with significant simil
Mitogen-activated protein kinase Mkp1 of Pneumocystis carinii complements an Slt2-defect in the cell wall integrity pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:307 (abstract no. F-57). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712151; Fox D; Smulian G; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.; Signal transduction pathways are important in the adaptive response of microbes to their environment. A Pneumocystis carinii MAPK homologue, Mkp1, has been isolated by sequence similarity screening of P. carinii genomic DNA. Sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1100 bp in length encoding a protein of 36
A novel episomal shuttle vector for transformation of Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:307 (abstract no. F-59). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712152; Mondon P; Chang YC; Varma A; Kwon-Chung KJ; NIH, Bethesda, MD.; We report the development of an episomally stable shuttle vector of Cryptococcus neoformans, which allows the construction of genomic libraries with a positive selection of the transformants in bacteria. Beside the selections on ampicillin and kanamycin, a lethal E. coli gene, ccdB, serves as a positive selection of t
Amino acid substitutions Y132H and I471T in the 14a- demethylase of Darlington strain of Candida albicans contribute to azole resistance.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:308 (abstract no. F-62). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712153; Nyswaner K; Grimberg B; Miyazaki Y; Bennett JE; NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD.; Mechanisms of fluconazole resistance in the Darlington strain of Candida albicans were investigated. Polymerase chain reaction using vent DNA polymerase was employed to amplify the ERG11 (ERG16, CYP51A1) gene from genomic DNA of the Darlington and an azole susceptible wild type (B311) strain of C. albicans. Erg11 code
Identification of a MATa specific gene, STE12a, in Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:308 (abstract no. F-63). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712154; Chang YC; Kwon-Chung KJ; NIH, Bethesda, MD.; The STE12 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the elements of a MAP kinase cascade which is well conserved among most fungi. STE12 alpha, a gene encoding a protein which resembles the fungal Ste12p has recently been isolated from Cryptococcus neoformans. Unlike other STE12 genes, STE12 alpha exists only in the MAT a
Green fluorescent protein as a reporter for Histoplasma capsulatum gene expression.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:308 (abstract no. F-65). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712155; Kugler S; Young B; Miller VL; Goldman WE; Washington University, St. Louis, MO.; Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic pathogenic fungus that has worldwide distribution and causes respiratory and systemic disease. Conidia and hyphal fragments, once inhaled by a mammalian host, undergo a complete conversion to budding yeast cells. In this form, the organism is a well- adapted parasite of macrophage
Identification and characterization of target genes regulated by a dual specificity transcription factor that encodes a white phase-specific 3.0 kb mRNA and opaque phase- specific 2.0 kb mRNA in C. albicans strain W01.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:308 (abstract no. F-67). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712156; Srikantha T; Kvaal C; Tsai L; Soll D; The University of Iowa, Iowa City.; The white-opaque transition has emerged as the major model system for studying phenotypic switching in Candida albicans. Transition between the two alternate phases in this switching system is accompanied by the differential expression of several gene products, and functional analyses of the promoters of these genes h
Gene regulation during switching in Candida.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712158; Soll DR; Candida albicans and related species switch spontaneously and at high frequency between a number of general phenotypes. Switching represents a pathogenic strategy for combinatorially expressing different groups of virulence genes. Using the white-opaque transition in strain WO1, white phase-specific and opaque phase-s
Role of the 14-3-3 protein (Bmh1p) in Candida albicans.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712159; Sturtevant J; The predisposing factors associated with Candida infections are well documented, but the molecular events which occur upon recognition of the host are less clearly defined, Genes involved in environmental response, cell morphology, and cell cycle must be coordinately regulated when the fungal cell interacts with host.
A candidate control gene for transcriptional analysis in Histoplasma capsulatum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:309 (abstract no. F-71). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712160; Ignatov A; Mersman D; Keath E; Saint Louis Univ., MO.; Gene expression and transcriptional regulation studies in pathogenic, thermally dimorphic fungi, including H. capsulatum (hc), have been hampered by the absence of cloned genes expressed in equivalent levels in mycelial (M) or yeast (Y) forms. Previous studies have shown that alpha and beta tubulin transcript levels c
Upregulation during macrophage infection and novel 3' alternate transcript processing of the yeast phase - specific YPS3 gene of Histoplasma capsulatum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:310 (abstract no. F-75). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712161; Heinecke EL; Fenske JN; Woods JP; University of WI Medical School, Madison.; We used differential display RT-PCR (ddRT-PCR) to analyze gene expression by the dimorphic pathogenic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum during intracellular infection of the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7, in comparison to gene expression during in vitro growth. The 5 end of one of the transcripts apparently upregu
Growth competition between Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis in broth and biofilm growing conditions.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:311 (abstract no. F-78). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712162; Kirkpatrick WR; Lopez-Ribot JL; McAtee RK; Patterson TF; University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.; Candida albicans is the yeast most frequently isolated from patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), however, a phenotypically similar species, Candida dubliniensis has been isolated with increasing frequency in OPC episodes from patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. Little is known about inters
Interaction between Candida albicans and other Candida species in the biofilm.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:311 (abstract no. F-80). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712163; El-Azizi M; Toama M; Al-Falaha B; Shawky A; Khardori N; Southern Illinois Univ., School of Medicine, Springfield.; We studied the interaction between Candida albicans (Ca) and other Candida species including Candida parapsilosis (Cp), Candida krusei (Ck), Candida lipolytica (CI), Candida Guillieromondii (Cg) and Torulopsis glabrata (Tg) in the biofilm. We used a simple model consisting of modified polystyrene tubes (Corning, NY) c
Aspartyl proteinase production by Candida albicans isolates grown in sub-inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole: relationship to virulence in a murine model of candidiasis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:311 (abstract no. F-81). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712164; Wu T; Wright K; Hurst SF; Morrison CJ; CDC, Atlanta, GA.; Candida albicans isolates, representing the same strain before and after the acquisition of fuconazole (FLU)- resistance, were used to assess the effect of FLU on in vitro secreted aspartyl proteinase (SAP) activity and virulence in a murine model of disseminated candidiasis. A FLU-susceptible, dose-dependent (SDD) [M
Flow cytometric assessment of cell surface markers and intracellular (IC) IFN-gamma in human coccidioidomycosis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:312 (abstract no. F-82). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712165; Ampel NM; Christian L; Tucson VAMC, AZ.; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy coccidioidal immune donors (C+) respond to the coccidioidal antigen TSL by producing IL-2 and IFN-gamma compared to non- immune (C-) donors. Using flow cytometry, we examined the expression of surface molecules on
Expression and immunoreactivity of the Spherule Outer Wall Antigen of Coccidioides immitis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:312 (abstract no. F-83). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712166; Hung CY; Yu JJ; Cole GT; Med. Coll. of Ohio, Toledo.; Study of cell wall antigens of Coccidioides immitis which elicit cellular and humoral immune responses is relevant to our understanding of pathogenesis, mechanisms of host resistance to infection, and identification of antigens which are possible vaccine candidates. We previously puri- fied an immunodominant spherule
Effects of reproductive hormones on experimental vaginal Candidiasis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:312 (abstract no. F-84). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712167; Steele C; Cutright J; Brinkman J; Fidel PL; Louisiana State Univ. Med. Ctr, New Orleans.; Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an opportunistic mucosal infection caused by Candida albicans that affects up to 75% of otherwise healthy women of childbearing ages. Acute episodes of VVC often occur during pregnancy and during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle when levels of progesterone and estrogen are elev
A recombinant proline rich antigen (rPRA) protein and its cloned gene from Coccidioides immitis as vaccines.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:312 (abstract no. F-85). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712168; Abuodeh RO; Shubitz LF; Siegel EM; Peng T; Snyder S; Orsborn KI; Brummer E; Stevens DA; Galgiani JN; VAMC, U. of Arizona and Valley Fever Center for Excellence,; Tuscon, AZ.; In a previously published study it was shown that the subcutaneous administration of rPRA in Freund=s adjuvant could protect Balb/c mice against a lethal intraperitoneal challenge with RS-strain arthrospores of C. immitis. In these studies, either rPRA with an adjuvant or the PRA gene cloned into a mammalian expressio
Phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans by human dendritic cells.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:312 (abstract no. F-87). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712169; Newman SL; Holly A; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.; Although mucosal barriers, serum factors such as lactoferrin and the complement system, and neutrophils are critical to host defense against Candida albicans (Ca), mucosal and/or cutaneous candidiasis is usually associated with a breakdown in host cell-mediated immunity (CMI). CMI is induced when Candida antigens are
Human dendritic cells recognize Histoplasma capsulatum via the fibronectin receptor.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:313 (abstract no. F-89). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712170; Gildea L; Newman SL; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH.; Human macrophages recognize Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc) yeasts and conidia via the CD11/CD18 family of adhesion receptors. Recently we demonstrated that human dendritic cells (DC) also could recognize and phagocytose Hc yeasts. Therefore, we hypothesized that recognition of Hc by DC also is mediated by CD18. To test o
Enhancement of protective immunity against Coccidioides immitis by co-administration of an IL-12-expressing vector with Ag2 DNA vaccine.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:313 (abstract no. F-91). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712171; Jiang C; Cox RA; Magee DM; Texas Center For Infectious Disease, San Antonio.; IL-12 plays an important role as an adjuvant in cell mediated immunity and potential immuno-therapeutic agent against cancer and infectious diseases. In this study we asked whether IL-12 could increase protection against experimental coccidioidmycosis using a DNA-based vaccine. Two constructs were created by subclonin
Inherited resistance to Coccidioides immitis in mice maps to chromosomes 4 and 6 near Iv and Tnfr1.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:313 (abstract no. F-92). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712172; Fierer J; Walls L; Kirkland T; UC San Diego, CA.; Inbred strains of mice, like people, vary in their susceptibility to C. immitis. DBA/2 are resistant and B6 are susceptible. To find the genes responsible for this difference we infected 26 lines of recombinant inbred BXD lines that were made by intercrossing these two strains. We injected approximately 300 arthroconi
Development and characterization of a new soluble, subcellular vaccine against infection in mice by Coccidioides immitis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:314 (abstract no. F-93). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712173; Zimmermann CR; Johnson SM; Kerekes KM; Ampel NM; Christian L; Pappagianis D; University of California, Davis.; Previously, we have shown that a soluble vaccine (F- 27K)(extracted from formalin-killed, endosporulating whole spherules) when combined with an alum adjuvant, protected mice from lethal infection as well as the whole spherule starting material. We fractionated the F-27K vaccine in an attempt to isolate and identify t
Cell density sensing in Histoplasma capsulatum: a first step in regulating virulence?: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:315 (abstract no. F-101). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712174; Eissenberg LG; Goldman WE; Washington University, St. Louis, MO.; Histoplasma capsulatum spontaneously generates avirulent variants during broth culture as well as after entry into epithelial cells. The avirulent variants survive inside epithelial cells, establish persistent infections of macrophages in cell culture, and may be responsible for persistent infections of humans and oth
Using IVET to identify Histoplasma capsulatum genes expressed during infection of murine and human cell lines.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:316 (abstract no. F-102). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712175; Retallack DM; Woods JP; University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison.; Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc) is responsible for the most common systemic mycosis, histoplasmosis. Infection with Hc can lead to severe and possibly fatal systemic disease in immunocompromised hosts. With the recent advances in molecular techniques for Hc, it is now possible to use a genetic approach to identify factors
Molecular analysis of serial Candida albicans isolates from HIV-infected patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) demonstrating clinical resistance to fluconazole.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:316 (abstract no. F-104). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712176; McNeil MM; Reiss E; Elie CM; Lott TJ; Lasker BA; Espinel-Ingroff A; Pruitt WR; Gallagher L; Rimland D; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.; Therapy of OPC in HIV-infected patients may be complicated by the devleopment of fluconazole resistance (FluR) in an endogenous C. Albicans strain or by its replacement with a resistant strain or species. We studied two HIV-infected patients with OPC: a 31-year-old man [patient (pt.)l] and a 41-year-old woman, pt. 2,
Understanding microevolutionary changes in Candida albicans Ca3 fingerprinting patterns - towards the development of new methods that better reflect genetic distances.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:317 (abstract no. F-106). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712177; Pujol C; Joly S; Nolan BA; Srikantha T; Lockhart SR; Soll DR; University of Iowa, Iowa City.; The 11 kb Ca3 fingerprinting probe has been used in a number of epidemiological studies of Candida albicans. It provides a species-specific, complex Southern blot hybridization pattern for all tested strains of C. albicans that is amenable to computer-assisted analysis. Ca3 pattern varia- tion has been demonstrated to
Survey of deep fungal infections: 17 years experience at University Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, 1982-1998.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:317 (abstract no. F-108). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712178; Kralovic SM; Rhodes JC; University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, OH.; Histoplasma capsulatum infection in this Ohio River valley metropolitan area is an expected deep fungal infection, but other deep fungal disease occurs. University hospital serves the majority of the severely immunocompromised patients in the area, thus representing a focus from which to ascertain occurrence of deep f
Candida species isolated from normally sterile sites: variations in species and antifungal susceptibility patterns from a 2-year surveillance program in Quebec.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712179; St-Germain G; Laverdiere M; Pelletier R; Lab sante publique Quebec, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada.; During a 2-year surveillance program started in September 1996 in Quebec, 444 strains of Candida species were isolated from 416 patients in 54 hospitals. All strains were sent to a reference laboratory for identification and susceptibility testing. Susceptibility determinations to amphotericin B, 5- fluorocytosine, it
Pathogenic clones or environmentally driven population expansion? Molecular and epidemiological analyses of the 1991 - 1994 Californian epidemic of the human fungal pathogen Coccidioides immitis.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712180; Fisher MC; Koenig GL; White TJ; Taylor JW; UC Berkeley, CA.; Pathogenic fungi cause severe disease epidemics in both animals and plants, illustrated by recently reported outbreaks in coral, amphibian and human populations. For many pathogenic fungi that utilize mainly asexual modes of reproduction, it is unknown whether these epidemics are due to either the evolution of pathoge
Lipids in plasma membranes of azole-resistant Candida albicans strains.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:319 (abstract no. F-118). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712181; Loffler J; Hebart H; Hagmeyer L; Einsele H; Univ. of Tuebingen, Med. Hosp. II., Germany.; In the past, the lipid content of azole-resistant Candida cells have been analyzed only from total lipid extracts. However, changes in the lipid content of the plasma membrane might play an important role as a barrier for a reduced uptake of hydrophile drugs, e.g. fluconazole. Thus, we analyzed plasma membranes from 5
TOR1 kinase homolog is the target of rapamycin in Cryptococcus neoformans.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:319 (abstract no. F-119). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712182; Cruz MC; Cavallo L; Heitman J; Duke Univ. Medical Ctr, Durham, NC.; Background: Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening central nervous system infections in patients immunocompromised by AIDS, chemotherapy, organ transplantion, or high dose steroids. Current antifungal drug therapies are limited and suffer from toxic side effects and drug resistance.
Comparison of electrophoretic karyotyping and random amplified polymorphic DNA typing methods for Candida albicans: inter and intra patient strain discrimination.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:320 (abstract no. F-120). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712183; Riederer K; Barczak J; Ramanathan J; Khatib R; St. John Hospital, Detroit, MI.; Electrophoretic karyotyping (EK) is a useful tool for typing C. Albicans (CA). PCR based methods such as Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) are nowadays frequently used because of a quicker turn around time. The optimal typing method remains undetermined due to the lack of a gold standard. We elected to perform a
Amphotericin B combined with itraconazole or fluconazole for treatment of histoplasmosis.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:320 (abstract no. F-121). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712184; Lemonte AM; Indiana University, Indianapolis.; Over one-quarter of patients with histoplasmosis of the brain or meninges die of the infection and up to half of responders relapse six to 24 months later. Amphotericin B (AmB) is less effective in patients with meningitis than in those with other manifestations, while fluconazole (Flu) can penetrate the blood-brain b
Susceptibility of voriconazole on archived fluconazole- resistant Candida albicans and Candida krusei since 1984.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:320 (abstract no. F-122). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712185; Lee JK; Peters DL; Obias A; Noskin GA; Peterson LR; Northwestern Medical School, Chicago, IL.; With recent dramatic increases in fluconazole use, there has been an increase in Candida species resistant to fluconazole. This has led to the development of newer azoles, such as voriconazole, which have greater potency and a wider spectrum of activity. In light of this, we hypothe- sized that fluconazole-resistant C
Comparison of itraconazole levels by bioassay/HPLC methodologies and their significance in monitoring clinical efficacy.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:320 (abstract no. F-123). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712186; Pennick GJ; Sutton DA; Modak A; Rinaldi MG; Univ. of Texas Hlth. Sci. Ctr., San Antonio.; It is well documented that serum itraconazole (ITRA) levels done by bioassay and HPLC (high-pressure liquid chromatography) do not correlate, and that patients receiving the same dosages may exhibit wide variability in serum levels. In the Fungus Testing Lab, ITRA levels are analyzed by both HPLC (reported as ITRA, an
Structure-activity hypothesis for antipneumocystis naphthoquinones.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:320 (abstract no. F-124). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712187; Ball MD; Meshnick SR; Bartlett MS; Shaw M; Nasr M; Smith JW; Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN.; For 21 monomeric naphthoquinone derivatives, molecular modeling was used to define the relationship between chemical structure and in vitro activity against Pneumocystis carinii. With various substituents at position 3, there were sixteen 2-hydroxy derivatives, one 2-hydroxy- 7-methoxy, one 2-methyl, four 2-chloro, an
Susceptibility of Candida species to clotrimazole (CZ) in the era of increasing fluconazole (FZ) resistance.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:321 (abstract no. F-125). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712188; Stevens DA; Sta. Clara Valley Med. Ctr., San Jose, CA.; With increasing use of FZ, there is a worldwide trend of appearance of in vitro FZ-resistant C. albicans (Ca) and a rise of FZ-resistant Candida species, such as C. tropicalis (Ct), C. krusei (Ck) and C. glabrata (Cg), with therapeutic failure correlation. The present study was undertaken to compare the potency of two
Augmentation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication by glycolipids derived from Acholeplasma laidlawii: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:324 (abstract no. G-14). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712189; Arai S; Arima Y; Toujima S; Imai H; Hirama M; Univ. Sch. Med., Kurume, Japan.; We have reported previously that mycoplasmas enhanced HIV-1 replication (Arch. Virol. 139, 431, 94). The present study was undertaken to determine the chemical components of A. laidlawii to enhance HIV-1 replication. The activity was assayed in freshly infected HIV-1 IIIB to CD4 positive cells. The active components w
A new system for the identification of promoters specifically active in Mycobacteria.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:344 (abstract no. H-78). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712190; Ehrt S; Ryou M; Schnappinger D; Riley LW; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley.; The genus Mycobacterium includes several pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agents of two major infectious diseases affecting human populations worldwide. Despite their importance, little is known about regulation of gene expression and the specificity of promoter rec
Cloning of a putative iron transporter gene in Mycobacterium avium.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:369 (abstract no. H-211). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712191; Wagner D; Parker AE; Wu M; Bermudez LE; Kuzell Institute, San Francisco, CA.; Objective: After entering macrophages, Mycobacterium avium (MAC) resides and multiplies in phagosomes. Although this environment is most important for its survival, little is known about the phagosomal conditions and their change during MAC infection. FecB is a protein involved in the transport of iron from ferric cit
Evidence for limited spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Texas based on molecular fingerprinting.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:437 (abstract no. L/U-11). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712192; Wilson RW; Yang Z; Kelley M; Cave MD; Pogoda JM; Wallace RJ Jr; Cegielski JP; Dunbar DF; Bergmire-Sweat D; Elliott LB; Barnes PF; The University of Texas Health Center, Tyler.; To determine the contribution of recent transmission to spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRT), we performed IS6110-based and pTBN12-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis on DRT isolates collected between 1992 and 1994 from 201 patients in Texas. Latino and Asian patients comprised 72% of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-molecular characterization of strains isolated in Brazil by restriction fragment length polymorphism using IS6110.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:437 (abstract no. L/U-12). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712193; Osugui SK; Nunes I Au Santos MA; Rivera IN; Oplustil CP; Department of Microbiology, Laboratorio Fleury and ICBII -; University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.; Brazil is a country that has always had an relatively high incidence (66/100.000 hab.) of cases of tuberculosis. There was not as much decline as in the developed countries, even so the incidence is not as high as in Africa and India (180 and 200
Fingerprinting analysis of a MDR-TB cluster in South Texas.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:437 (abstract no. L/U-13). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712194; Jones TS; Seaworth BJ; MaGee DM; Cox RA; Texas Center for Infectious Disease, San Antonio.; We have used DNA fingerprinting to evaluate drug resistant tuberculosis isolates in South Texas from 1996 to 1997. We discovered a cluster of drug resistant TB involving 13 patients. Nine of these isolates were resistant to both isoniazid and streptomycin and 4 also showed resistance to rifampin. Six of the patients h
Molecular epidemiological analysis of tuberculosis clusters that persist for as long as six years.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:437 (abstract no. L/U-14). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712195; Yang ZB; Ijaz K; Bates JH; Stead WW; Eisenach KD; Cave MD; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.; As part of the National Tuberculosis Genotyping and Surveillance Network, 320 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from 98 percent of all culture-positive TB cases in Arkansas between 1996-97 were DNA fingerprinted. Demographic information, details of TB infection and disease, contact information and social history of
Spoligotyping: a quality control procedure for good practices in a mycobacteriology laboratory.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:438 (abstract no. L/U-16). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712196; Pierre V; Wargnier A; Lagrange PH; Herrmann JL; Service de Microbiologie, Hopital Saint Louis, Paris, France.; Being located in a high incidence area for tuberculosis, we initiated a retrospective and prospective study to evaluate risk of tuberculosis transmisison, nosocomial outbreaks or laboratory contaminations occuring in our hospital. Spoligo- typing was used to match strains isolated in 1996, 1997 and 1998 in our laborat
Novel spoligotyping patterns for M. tuberculosis in Taiwan.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:438 (abstract no. L/U-17). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712197; Douglas JT; Qian L; Guo W; Chien H; Yu M; Ping T; University of Hawaii, Honolulu.; It is now possible to track the movement of M. tuberculosis within countries and across borders using molecular typing techniques. Our interest in the origin of strains coming into Hawaii has led us to examine the distribution of M. tuberculosis in Asia. In this study we concentrated isolates found in
The role of pulsed field gel electrophoresis in the epidemiology of Mycobacterium avium complex organisms.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:438 (abstract no. L/U-18). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712198; Steele-Moore L; Berg D; Holloway WJ; Christiana Care ID Lab, Wilmington, DE.; M. avium complex organisms, MAC (M. avium and M. intracellulare) are ubiquitous in the environment. These organisms are of low pathogenicity and frequently colonize individuals without causing disease (M. avium is the most common opportunistic bacterial pathogen in AIDS patients). In June, 1998 eleven patient isolates
Distribution of Crytosporidium and giardia in surface waters.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:547 (abstract no. Q-73). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712199; Aboytes R; Abrams F; Lechevallier M; Abbaszadegan M; American Water Works Service Co., Inc., Belleville, IL.; Epidemic outbreaks of acute parasitic gastroenteritis such as Giardiasis and Cryptosporidiosis in humans are due primarily to the contamination of drinking water with cysts of Giardia and oocysts of Cryptosporidium. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the seasonal occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia
Detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in a rural water source.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:547 (abstract no. Q-74). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712200; Swiger-Patteron S; Piontkowski SR; Scheuerman PR; Musich PR; Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, East Tennessee State; University, Johnson City.; Cryptosporidium paruum and Giardia lamblia (intestinalis) are two protozoan parasites that cause gastrointestinal illness in a variety of mammals, including humans. Recent outbreaks caused by these protozoans have enhanced awareness and concern for the potential contamination of drinking water by these pathogens. Rura
Evaluation of two filter types for the detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in surface water.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:547 (abstract no. Q-75). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712201; Swiger-Patterson S; Scheuerman PR; Musich PR; Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, East Tennessee State; University, Johnson City.; To accurately enumerate Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts from surface water it is essential to have reliable sample collection and processing procedures. Published recovery efficiencies using the USEPA approved methods are typically less than 50%. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference betwe
Comparison of the particle filtration system with ICR filtration methods for recovery of Cryptosporidium from turbid waters.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:548 (abstract no. Q-76). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712202; Calomiris JJ; U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Arnold, MD.; Sensitive detection of waterborne Cryptosporidium parvum requires efficient oocyst recovery from water samples. Unfortunately, current methods provide poor oocyst recovery or are not amenable to processing large volumes of turbid waters. Consequently, reliable data needed to ascertain the prevalence of the waterborne
Evaluation of parasite removal efficacy of three pretreatment processes.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:548 (abstract no. Q-77). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712203; Gibson CJ III; Alvarez MB; Rose JB; University of South Florida, St. Petersburg.; Cryptosporidium is challenging the conventional technologies of the drinking and wastewater industries. Integrated plant design has become an essential strategy for optimizing water treatment due to Cryptosporidium s tolerance to disin- fection. Integrated plant design considers that the performance of each of the tre
Assessment of revoery and viability potential of cryptosporidium oocysts in low and high turbidity water samples using method 1622.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:548 (abstract no. Q-78). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712204; Singh A; Ng C; Dashew B; Gradus S; Milwaukee Health Department, Bureau of Laboratories, WI.; Ten liters each of reagent grade, low and high turbidity (0.5 and 30 NTU) water samples were spiked with known numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts and filtered through Envirocheck capsule filters (Gelman). The filters were processed according to Method 1622 (USEPA) using GC-Coinbo Dynabeeds (Dynal). T
The efficacy of the dynal immunomagnetic separation system to recover cryptosporidium oocysts from sediments of varying texture.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:548 (abstract no. Q-79). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712205; McElroy W; Cabello E; Pillai SD; Texas A&M Research Centre, El Paso.; The availability of rapid and efficient methods to recover C. parvum oocysts from sediments and water samples is of paramount importance considering the public health implications of these organisms in environmental samples. The presence of sediments in surface and groundwater samples can impair the recovery of oocyst
Direct detection of genotypes I and II Cryptosporidium parvum in environmental samples using three polymorphic genetic loci.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:548 (abstract no. Q-80). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712206; Rochelle PA; Jutras EM; De Leon R; Stewart MH; Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, La Verne.; Cryptosporidium parvum is ubiquitous in surface waters and presents a significant threat to public health. Consequently, determining the source of contamination in source water is critical to preventing future waterborne outbreaks. Molecular methods targeting polymorphic genetic loci allow C.parvum isolates to be char
Sequence analysis of PCR amplified hsp70 genes from infectious waterborne cryptosporidium parvum.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:549 (abstract no. Q-81). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712207; Hashemi FH; Di Giovanni GD; Abbaszadegan M; Lechevallier MW; American Water Works Service Co., Belleville, IL.; Cryptosporidium parvum is a waterborne parasite with low dose infectivity, and great health risks especially for immunocompromised individuals. Environmental grab water samples (121 raw and 122 filter backwash) from twenty five sites in the United States were collected. Approximately 1
Validation of computer database homology comparison for species determination or waterborne Microsporidia, Giardia muris, and Cryptosporidium parvum.: Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712208; Dowd SE; Thurston JT; Gerba CP; Pepper IL; University of Arizona, Tucson.; The environmental detection and species determination of human pathogenic microsporidia presents unique challenges. Because microsporidia are ubiquitous and several hundred species that are not pathogenic to humans can be found in almost any environmental sample, it is necessary to specifically detect and accurately d
Rapid and ultra-sensitive detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts from drinking water samples by immunomagnotic separation PCR (IMS-PCR) and viability assessment by IMS- RT-PCR.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:549 (abstract no. Q-83). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712209; Hallier-Soulier S; Guillot E; CIRSEE Lyonnaise des eaux, Le Pecq, France.; Cryptosporidium parvum is a coccidian waterborne pathogen responsible for gastrointestinal illness in humans, particularly in immuno-compromised individuals. The classical method based on indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) routinely used for the detection of Cryptosportaium oocysts in water is time-consuming, ine
Quantitative Sequence Detection (OSD) of intact and infectious Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts.: Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1999 May 30-Jun 3;99:549 (abstract no. Q-84). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/20712210; Di Giovanni GD; Denhart M; Lechevallier MW; Abbaszadegan M; American Water Works Service Co., Belleville, IL.; The protozoan Cryptosporidium parvum has been increasingly recognized as the causative agent of recent waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis. The detection of C. parvum oocysts in environmental water samples and the determination of oocyst infectivity remain pressing issues for the water industry. We have developed
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