Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 2000. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
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Curr Opin Immunol. 1999 Oct;11(5):497-503. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99439585
Zhai Y; Kupiec-Weglinski JW; The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, University of California (Los; Angeles) School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Room 77-120,; Center for Health Science, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA; 90095, USA.
Abstract: There has been considerable recent progress in the characterization of the regulatory T cells that mediate tolerance in a number of transplantation models. The conditions that facilitate the generation of regulatory T cells point to the thymus, the nature of immune suppression and the dose of immunosuppressive agent(s) being important. Putative mechanisms of immune regulation by regulatory T cells, particularly in the 'infectious' tolerance pathway, include Th2-type cytokines (IL-4, IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta) that may play a direct role as an indispensable requirement or may contribute indirectly as a favorable milieu for acquisition of tolerance. Anergic T cells may suppress immune responses via either cytokine competition or antigen-presenting cells. Models of autoimmune disease, in which regulatory T cells were shown to represent a distinct thymus-derived T cell subset, also suggest the role of antigen-presenting cells in mediating immune suppression. Progress has also been made in generating and characterizing regulatory T cells in vitro.
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