Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 2000. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
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Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2000 Mar;14(1):211-39, x-xi. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/20203167
Gotuzzo E; Arango C; de Queiroz-Campos A; Isturiz RE; Alexander von Humboldt Institute of Tropical Medicine, Hospital; Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. egh@upch.edu.pe
Abstract: HTLV-1 infection is endemic in several Latin American countries. HTLV-1-associated myelophathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) are emerging diseases in the region. Documented risk factors for acquiring the virus include breast-feeding, contaminated blood transfusion, and sexual intercourse, all of which are amenable to prevention efforts. Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome and therapeutic failure in apparently healthy patients with nondisseminated strongyloidiasis may be markers of HTLV-1 infection. HTLV-1 co-infection may adversely effect the clinical course of scabies and HIV disease. The new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are sensitive and specific, and Western blot technology is reliable for differentiating HTLV-1 from less common HTLV-2. HTLV-1 screening of blood donors and individuals with any disorder that suggests infection has become a necessity in Latin America to prevent the spread of this important emerging pathogen.
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