AIDS related eye disease in Burundi, Africa.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

AIDS related eye disease in Burundi, Africa.

Br J Ophthalmol. 1999 Mar;83(3):339-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99293378
Cochereau I; Mlika-Cabanne N; Godinaud P; Niyongabo T; Poste B; Ngayiragije A; Dazza MC; Aubry P; Larouze B; IMEA/INSERM U13, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France.

Abstract: AIMS: To determine the prevalence of ocular manifestations in AIDS patients hospitalised in Bujumbura, Burundi, according to their CD4+ lymphocyte count, serological status for CMV and VZV, and general health status. METHODS: Prospective study of 154 consecutive patients who underwent general and ophthalmological examinations, including dilated fundus examination. AIDS was diagnosed on the basis of Bangui criteria and HIV-1 seropositivity. CD4+ lymphocyte counts were determined by the Capcellia method. CMV and VZV antibodies were detected with ELISA methods. RESULTS: The mean age was 37 (SD 9) years and 65% of the patients were male. Active tuberculosis was the most frequent underlying disease (61%). Almost all the patients (99%) were seropositive for CMV and VZV. Among the 115 patients for whom CD4+ lymphocyte counts were available, 86 (75%) had more than 100 cells x 10(6)/l. Ocular involvement comprised 16 cases of microangiopathy, six of opalescence of the anterior chamber, five of retinal perivasculitis, two of zoster ophthalmicus, two of viral retinitis, and one of opalescence of the vitreous. CONCLUSION: In Africa, the prevalence of ocular involvement in HIV infection is far lower than in Europe and the United States, possibly because most African patients die before ocular opportunistic infections occur.

Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*COMPLICATIONS/IMMUNOLOGY Adult Antibodies, Viral/BLOOD AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/COMPLICATIONS Cytomegalovirus/IMMUNOLOGY CD4 Lymphocyte Count Eye Infections, Viral/COMPLICATIONS/IMMUNOLOGY/*VIROLOGY Female Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/COMPLICATIONS Herpesvirus 3, Human/IMMUNOLOGY Human Male Middle Age Prospective Studies Retinal Artery Retinal Diseases/VIROLOGY Retinitis/COMPLICATIONS Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
990930
A9991308

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