Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia requiring intensive care management: survival and prognostic study in 110 patients with human immunodeficiency virus [see comments]
Crit Care Med. 1999 Jun;27(6):1109-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99323343 Bedos JP; Dumoulin JL; Gachot B; Veber B; Wolff M; Regnier B; Chevret S; Service de Reanimation des Maladies Infectieuses, Groupe; Hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: To perform a descriptive study of patients with acute respiratory failure secondary to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and to identify variables that are predictive of death within 3 months. DESIGN: Case series study. SETTING: Infectious disease intensive care unit (ICU) in a university hospital. PATIENTS: Detailed clinical, laboratory, and ventilatory data were collected prospectively within 48 hrs of admission and during the ICU stay in 110 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients requiring ICU management with or without mechanical ventilation for P. carinii pneumonia-related acute respiratory failure. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Continuous positive airway pressure was used initially in 66 (60%) patients. Among the 34 patients (31%) who required mechanical ventilation, including 12 at admission and 22 after failure of continuous positive airway pressure, 76% died. The 3-month mortality rate after ICU admission was estimated at 34.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25%-44%). The 1-yr survival rate was estimated at 47% (95% CI, 36%-58%). With successive multiple logistic regression models analyzing the relative prognostic importance of baseline clinical and laboratory tests variables, ventilation variables, and events in the ICU, only delayed mechanical ventilation after 3 days (odd ratio [OR], 6.7; 95% CI, 1.9-23.9), duration of mechanical ventilation of > or = 5 days (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1-6.9), nosocomial infection (OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.1-12.9), and pneumothorax (OR, 5; 95% CI, 1.7-14.7) were predictive of death within 3 months of ICU admission. Among patients with delayed mechanical ventilation on day 3 or later and with a pneumothorax associated or not associated with a nosocomial infection, the predicted probability of 3-month death was close to 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the most significant predictive factors of death were identifiable during the course of P. carinii pneumonia-related acute respiratory failure rather than at admission and can help in bedside decisions to withdraw intensive care support in such patients.
Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE Acute Disease Adult AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/COMPLICATIONS/MORTALITY/ *THERAPY APACHE Female Human HIV Infections/*COMPLICATIONS Intensive Care/*METHODS Intensive Care Units Logistic Models Male Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii/COMPLICATIONS/MORTALITY/*THERAPY Positive-Pressure Respiration Predictive Value of Tests Prognosis Prospective Studies Respiratory Insufficiency/ETIOLOGY/*MORTALITY/THERAPY Risk Factors Survival Rate Comment in: Crit Care Med 1999 Jun;27(6):1043-4
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
