Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Incorporation of zidovudine into leukocyte DNA from HIV-1-positive adults and pregnant women, and cord blood from infants exposed in utero.
AIDS. 1999 May 28;13(8):919-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99297582 Olivero OA; Shearer GM; Chougnet CA; Kovacs AA; Landay AL; Baker R; Stek AM; Khoury MM; Proia LA; Kessler HA; Sha BE; Tarone RE; Poirier MC; Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, USA.
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: The nucleoside analog 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (ZDV) has widespread clinical use but also is carcinogenic in newborn mice exposed to the drug in utero and becomes incorporated into newborn mouse DNA. This pilot study was designed to determine ZDV incorporation into human blood cell DNA from adults and newborn infants. DESIGN: In this prospective cohort study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from 28 non-pregnant adults and 12 pregnant women given ZDV therapy, six non-pregnant adults with no exposure to ZDV, and six non-pregnant adults who last received ZDV > or = 6 months previously. In addition, cord blood leukocytes were obtained from 22 infants of HIV-1-positive, ZDV-exposed women and from 12 infants unexposed to ZDV. There were 11 mother-infant pairs involving HIV-1 -positive women. METHODS: DNA was extracted from PBMC obtained from non-pregnant HIV-1-positive adults taking ZDV, pregnant HIV-1-positive women given ZDV during pregnancy, and from adults not taking ZDV. Cord blood leukocytes were examined from infants exposed to ZDV in utero and from unexposed controls. DNA samples were assayed for ZDV incorporation by anti-ZDV radioimmunoassay (RIA). RESULTS: The majority (76%) of samples from ZDV-exposed individuals, pregnant women (8 of 12), non-pregnant adults (24 of 28), or infants at delivery (15 of 22), had detectable ZDV-DNA levels. The range of positive values for ZDV-treated adults and infants was 25-544 and 22-452 molecules ZDV/10(6) nucleotides, respectively. Analysis of 11 mother-infant pairs showed variable ZDV-DNA incorporation in both, with no correlation by pair or by duration of drug treatment during pregnancy. Two of the 24 samples from individuals designated as controls were positive by anti-ZDV RIA. The 20-fold range for ZDV-DNA values in both adults and infants suggested large interindividual differences in ZDV phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS: Incorporation of ZDV into DNA was detected in most of the samples from ZDV-exposed adults and infants. Therefore, the biologic significance of ZDV-DNA damage and potential subsequent events, such as mutagenicity, should be
Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE Adult Anti-HIV Agents/BLOOD/METABOLISM/THERAPEUTIC USE Cohort Studies DNA/BLOOD/*METABOLISM Female Fetal Blood Human HIV Infections/*BLOOD/DRUG THERAPY *HIV-1 Infant, Newborn Leukocytes, Mononuclear/DRUG EFFECTS/*METABOLISM Male Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*BLOOD/DRUG THERAPY Prospective Studies Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Zidovudine/BLOOD/*METABOLISM/THERAPEUTIC USE 991130
A99B1116
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
