Antiinfectives update: focus on treatment and prevention of viral and associated infections.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Antiinfectives update: focus on treatment and prevention of viral and associated infections.

Ann Pharmacother. 1999 May;33(5):607-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99296317
McNicholl IR; Palmer SM; Ziska DS; Cleary JD; Division of Pharmacy Practice, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, MO,; USA.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the clinically significant antiinfectives approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 1996, with an emphasis on agents used for treatment, prevention, or suppression of infection in immunocompromised individuals. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search covering November 1994 to March 1998 was conducted to identify all antiinfectives (new medications and old medications with new indications) and the pertinent literature for review. The search was updated in August 1998 and supplemented with an FDA listing of approved drugs to enhance completeness. STUDY SELECTION: Clinically relevant studies were selected to highlight specific points about each medication. Preclinical publications were used when sufficient information was not available from clinical trials and this information was needed for clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS: Several new and promising antiretroviral agents (stavudine, lamivudine, saquinavir soft-gel capsules, nelfinavir, efavirenz) have been approved, which may allow more options to control HIV viremia. New options for treatment, prevention, and suppression of infections in immunocompromised individuals include azithromycin, cidofovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir, and itraconazole suspension. Liposomal-based amphotericin products may be associated with less toxicity than conventional amphotericin B; however, superior efficacy has not been proven.

Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW LITERATURE Animal Anti-Infective Agents/*THERAPEUTIC USE Antiviral Agents/*THERAPEUTIC USE AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/*DRUG THERAPY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL Clinical Trials Data Collection Female Human HIV Infections/DRUG THERAPY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL Maternal-Fetal Exchange Pregnancy Vaccines/*THERAPEUTIC USE Virus Diseases/*DRUG THERAPY
991130
A99B1061

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