Protection against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in persons with repeated exposure: evidence for T cell immunity in the absence of inherited CCR5 coreceptor defects.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Protection against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in persons with repeated exposure: evidence for T cell immunity in the absence of inherited CCR5 coreceptor defects.

J Infect Dis. 1999 Mar;179(3):548-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99137789
Goh WC; Markee J; Akridge RE; Meldorf M; Musey L; Karchmer T; Krone M; Collier A; Corey L; Emerman M; McElrath MJ; Division of Molecular Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA. wgoh@fhcrc.org

Abstract: It has been hypothesized that protection against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection may result from either acquired host immunity, inheritance of a dysfunctional CCR5 HIV-1 coreceptor, or a low or attenuated virus inoculum. Thirty-seven HIV-1-uninfected persons engaging in repeated high-risk sexual activity with an HIV-1-infected partner were prospectively studied to determine the contribution of these factors in protecting against HIV-1 transmission. More than one-third (13/36) demonstrated HIV-1-specific cytotoxicity, and this activity significantly correlated with the wild type CCR5 genotype (P=.03). Only 1 subject (3%) demonstrated the homozygous CCR5 32-bp deletion (Delta32/Delta32). Median plasma HIV-1 RNA levels from 18 HIV-1-infected sex partners were not statistically different from those of matched infected control patients. These results indicate that inheritance of the Delta32 CCR5 mutation does not account for the majority of persistently HIV-1-resistant cases, and the presence of cellular immunity in these persons suggests either undetected infection or protective immunity.

Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*IMMUNOLOGY Adult Female Heterosexuality Homosexuality, Male Human HIV Antigens/IMMUNOLOGY HIV Seronegativity/*GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY Immunity, Cellular Immunity, Natural Lymphocyte Transformation Male Middle Age Receptors, CCR5/*GENETICS/PHYSIOLOGY Risk-Taking RNA, Viral/BLOOD Sequence Deletion Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. T-Lymphocytes/*IMMUNOLOGY T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/IMMUNOLOGY
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A9960918

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