Effect of major deletions in the V1 and V2 loops of a macrophage-tropic HIV type 1 isolate on viral envelope structure, cell entry, and replication.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Effect of major deletions in the V1 and V2 loops of a macrophage-tropic HIV type 1 isolate on viral envelope structure, cell entry, and replication.

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1998 Sep 1;14(13):1129-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/98407602
Stamatatos L; Wiskerchen M; Cheng-Mayer C; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University,; New York, New York 10021, USA.

Abstract: Two HIV-1 envelope mutant proteins were generated by introducing deletions in the first and second hypervariable gp120 regions (V1 and V2 loops, respectively) of a macrophage-tropic primary HIV-1 isolate, SF162, to study the effect of the deleted sequences on envelope structure, viral entry, and replication potentials. The first mutant lacked 17 amino acids of the V1 loop and the latter 30 amino acids of the V2 loop. A comparison of the immunochemical structure of the wild-type and mutant monomeric and virion-associated gp120 molecules revealed that the V1 and V2 loop deletions differentially altered the structure of the V3 loop, the CD4-binding site, and epitopes within conserved regions of gp120. Regardless of differences in structure, both mutated envelope proteins supported viral replication into peripheral blood mononuclear cells to levels comparable to those of the wild-type SF162 virus. However, they decreased the viral replication potential in macrophages, even though they did not alter the coreceptor usage of the viruses. These studies support and extend previous observations that a complex structural interaction between the V1, V2, and V3 loops and elements of the CD4-binding site of gp120 controls entry of virus into cells. The present studies, however, suggest that the effect of the V1 and V2 loops in viral entry is cell dependent.

Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE Amino Acid Sequence Antibodies, Monoclonal/IMMUNOLOGY Gene Deletion Human HIV Envelope Protein gp120/*GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY *HIV-1/GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF/PHYSIOLOGY/PATHOGENICITY Macrophages/*VIROLOGY Molecular Sequence Data Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Virion/IMMUNOLOGY *Virus Replication
990228
A9920922

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