Occupational human immunodeficiency virus infection in health care workers: worldwide cases through September 1997. NLM AIDSLINE Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1999. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

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Occupational human immunodeficiency virus infection in health care workers: worldwide cases through September 1997.

Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):365-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162019
Ippolito G; Puro V; Heptonstall J; Jagger J; De Carli G; Petrosillo N; Centro di Riferimento AIDS e Servizio di Epidemiologia delle; Malattie Infettive IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy.; craids@excalhq.it

Abstract: The average estimated risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection for health care workers following a percutaneous or mucous exposure is <0.5% in incidence studies, although a case-control study suggests it is much higher for highest-risk percutaneous exposure. To characterize exposures resulting in HIV transmission, we reviewed available data on occupational cases reported worldwide, identifying 94 documented and 170 possible cases. The majority of documented infections occurred in nurses, after contact with the blood of a patient with AIDS by means of percutaneous exposure, with a device placed in an artery or vein. High-exposure job categories, e.g., midwives and surgeons, are represented mostly among possible cases. Transmission occurred also through splashes, cuts, and skin contaminations, and in some cases despite postexposure prophylaxis with zidovudine. Health care workers could benefit if these data were incorporated in educational programs designed to prevent occupational bloodborne infections.
Keywords: JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW OF REPORTED CASES Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/*STATISTICS & NUMER DATA *Health Personnel Human HIV Infections/*TRANSMISSION *Occupational Diseases Support, Non-U.S. Gov't *World HealthKWDjournalarticlereviewreviewofreportedcasesdiseasetransmission,patient-to-professional/KWDstatistics&numerdataKWDhealthpersonnelhumanhivinfections/KWDtransmissionKWDoccupationaldiseasessupport,non-uKWDsKWDgov'tKWDworldhealth
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A9980942

Copyright © 1999 - National Library of Medicine. Reproduced under license with the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.

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