1999

Elevation of serum cardiac troponin I in noncardiac and cardiac diseases other than acute coronary syndromes.
Am J Emerg Med. 1999 May;17(3):225-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99268197
Khan IA; Tun A; Wattanasauwan N; Win MT; Hla TA; Hussain A; Vasavada BC; Sacchi TJ; Department of Medicine, Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn,; NY, USA.
This study evaluated the role of serum cardiac troponin I as a biochemical marker for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes in the presence of noncardiac diseases. Diagnostic characteristics were examined in 102 consecutive patients who were found to have serum cardiac troponin I levels higher than the upper refer


Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (review).
Viral Immunol. 1998;11(4):167-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99203068
Menendez-Arias L; Mas A; Domingo E; Centro de Biologia Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC-Universidad; Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain.
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) play an important role in the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. CTL responses have been demonstrated for most of the HIV gene products, predominantly gag, pol, and env-encoded proteins, and also for the regulatory proteins Nef, Tat, Vif, or Rev. The HIV-1 reverse tr


Distinct serum cytokines in AIDS-related skin diseases.
Viral Immunol. 1998;11(4):215-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99203071
Breuer-McHam JN; Marshall GD; Lewis DE; Duvic M; Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Medical; School, Houston, USA.
To determine whether common skin diseases associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were distinguishable based on the pattern of serum cytokine expression, we studied patients with psoriasis, pruritus, and Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) for levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon-gamma (IFN-y), interle


Morphine effects on HTLV-I infection in the presence or absence of concurrent HIV-1 infection.
DNA Cell Biol. 1999 Apr;18(4):285-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99249190
Nyland SB; Specter S; Ugen KE; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of; South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa 33612, USA.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection is emerging as an important complication in HIV infection and AIDS in injecting drug users. HIV-1 and HTLV-I share a common host in CD4+ T lymphocytes. However, the result of HIV-1 infection is the decimation of this cell population, whereas a hallmark of HTLV-I in


Impact of drug resistance mutations on virologic response to salvage therapy. Swiss HIV Cohort Study.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217469
Lorenzi P; Opravil M; Hirschel B; Chave JP; Furrer HJ; Sax H; Perneger TV; Perrin L; Kaiser L; Yerly S
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic significance of


Virologic responses to a ritonavir--saquinavir-containing regimen in patients who had previously failed nelfinavir.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):F23-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217470
Tebas P; Patick AK; Kane EM; Klebert MK; Simpson JH; Erice A; Powderly WG; Henry K; Department of Medicine Washington University, St Louis, Missouri; 63108, USA.
OBJECTIVES: The effectiveness of a second protease inhibitor in patients who failed an initial protease inhibitor is unclear but believed to be low. It has been postulated, however, that patients who fail nelfinavir may respond differently. We therefore assessed the virologic response to a ritonavir-saquinavir-contain


Place of antiretroviral drugs in the treatment of HIV-infected people in Africa. International AIDS Society.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):IAS1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217496
Sexual transmission of HIV: infectiousness and prevention.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):155-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217471
Vernazza PL; Eron JJ; Fiscus SA; Cohen MS; Department of Medicine and Institute for Clinical Microbiology,; Kantonsspital, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Differential expression profiles of apoptosis-affecting genes in HIV-infected cell lines and patient T cells.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):167-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217472
Scheuring UJ; Sabzevari H; Corbeil J; Theofilopoulos AN; The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology, La; Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To clarify the molecular mechanisms of HIV-induced apoptosis. DESIGN: The assessment of expression patterns for genes affecting the interrelated cell cycle and apoptosis processes in HIV-1LAI-infected T lymph oblastoid (CEM) cells, as well as CD4 and CD8 cells from HIV-infected individuals and controls. MET


Immunopathology as a result of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected patients.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):177-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217473
Foudraine NA; Hovenkamp E; Notermans DW; Meenhorst PL; Klein MR; Lange JM; Miedema F; Reiss P; National AIDS Therapy Evaluation Center, Department of Internal; Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: Unusual clinical inflammatory syndromes associated with underlying previously unrecognized opportunistic infections are increasingly being noted shortly after starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This study examined the possible relationship between such unexpected disease manifestations a


Persistent alterations in T-cell repertoire, cytokine and chemokine receptor gene expression after 1 year of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):185-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217474
Martinon F; Michelet C; Peguillet I; Taoufik Y; Lefebvre P; Goujard C; Guillet JG; Delfraissy JF; Lantz O; ICGM-INSERM U445, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.
OBJECTIVES: To examine T-cell repertoire modifications, the evolution of T-helper (TH)1/TH2 cytokine imbalance and modifications in chemokine receptor expression when the viral load is decreased by 2-3 log10 copies/ml under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). DESIGN: Sixteen patients previously treated with


CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and HIV RNA in HIV infection: high baseline counts and in particular rapid decrease of CD8+ lymphocytes predict AIDS.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):195-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217475
Kvale D; Aukrust P; Osnes K; Muller F; Froland SS; Medical Department A and Research Institute for Internal; Medicine, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; dag.kvale@klinmed.uio.no
OBJECTIVE: To study the progression of HIV infection in relation to immunological and virological variables with emphasis on the role of CD8+ lymphocytes. DESIGN: Prospective follow-up from October 1991 of patients observed for at least 18 months allowing nucleoside analogue monotherapy. Peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ lymph


Immune restoration does not invariably occur following long-term HIV-1 suppression during antiretroviral therapy. INCAS Study Group.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):203-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217476
Pakker NG; Kroon ED; Roos MT; Otto SA; Hall D; Wit FW; Hamann D; van der Ende ME; Claessen FA; Kauffmann RH; Koopmans PP; Kroon FP; ten Napel CH; Sprenger HG; Weigel HM; Montaner JS; Lange JM; Reiss P; Schellekens PT; Miedema F; Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, CLB, Sanquin Blood Supply; Foundation, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BACKGROUND: Current antiretroviral treatment can induce significant and sustained virological and immunological responses in HIV-1-infected persons over at least the short- to mid-term. OBJECTIVES: In this study, long-term immune reconstitution was investigated during highly active antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: Pat


Ritonavir and saquinavir combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217477
Cameron DW; Japour AJ; Xu Y; Hsu A; Mellors J; Farthing C; Cohen C
Stavudine in zidovudine (ZDV)-experienced compared with ZDV-naive patients.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):225-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217478
Gallant JE; Chaisson RE; Keruly JC; Moore RD; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; 21205, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of prior zidovudine (ZDV) use on subsequent response to stavudine (D4T)-containing regimens. DESIGN: Analysis of data from prospective observational database. METHODS: Patients were ZDV-experienced if they had previousl


Short-term progressive resistance training increases strength and lean body mass in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):231-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217479
Roubenoff R; McDermott A; Weiss L; Suri J; Wood M; Bloch R; Gorbach S; Department of Community Health, Tufts University School of; Medicine, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on; Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.; roubenoff@hnrc.tufts.edu
BACKGROUND: To assess the efficacy of progressive resistance training (PRT) in increasing strength and lean body mass (LBM) in HIV-infected adults. METHODS: Twenty-five adults with HIV infection were trained using a highly intensive PRT regimen for 8 weeks, followed by an additional 8 weeks of observation under ad lib


Monitoring changes in fat-free mass in HIV-positive men with hypotestosteronemia and AIDS wasting syndrome treated with gonadal hormone replacement therapy [see comments]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):241-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217480
Van Loan MD; Strawford A; Jacob M; Hellerstein M; US Department of Agriculture, Western Human Nutrition Research; Center, Presidio of San Francisco, California 94129, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To compare methods for assessing changes in body composition during gonadal hormone replacement therapy in a group of HIV-positive men with AIDS wasting syndrome. DESIGN: The study included a 21-day, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled inpatient intervention and a 12-week open-label intervention. T


Increasing survival time after AIDS in Italy: the role of new combination antiretroviral therapies. Tuscany AIDS Study Group.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):249-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217481
Pezzotti P; Napoli PA; Acciai S; Boros S; Urciuoli R; Lazzeri V; Rezza G; Centro Operativo AIDS, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
BACKGROUND: In Italy , antiretroviral combination therapy was adopted in mid-1995 and protease inhibitors in mid-1996. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a prospective, population-based, observa


A prospective study of HIV disease progression in female and male drug users.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):257-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217482
Webber MP; Schoenbaum EE; Gourevitch MN; Buono D; Klein RS; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10467, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To compare HIV disease progression and mortality in a cohort of female and male drug users. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study of 222 HIV-seropositive women and 302 HIV-seropositive men who attended a hospital-affiliated methadone maintenance program with on-site primary care. METHODS: Regression slopes of


AIDS diagnoses at higher CD4 counts in Australia following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral treatment.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):263-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217483
Law MG; de Winter L; McDonald A; Cooper DA; Kaldor JM; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, Australia.; mlaw@nchecr.unsw.edu.au
OBJECTIVES: To assess whether AIDS cases in Australia have been diagnosed at higher CD4 counts since the widespread availability of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in mid-1996. METHODS: Data on the CD4 count at AIDS diagnosis for AIDS cases diagnosed between 1 Jan


Selective versus universal antenatal HIV testing: epidemiological and implementational factors in policy choice.
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):271-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217484
Ades AE; Gupta R; Gibb DM; Duong T; Nicoll A; Goldberg D; Stephenson J; Copas A; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Child; Health, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To develop an epidemiological basis for economic analyses of selective and universal antenatal screening strategies, and to apply it to the UK. METHODS: The prevalence of higher-risk women and the prevalence of undiagnosed infection within groups of high-risk and low-risk women was estimated from surveillan


The impact of body composition analysis in HIV-infected patients: quantifying therapeutic effects [editorial; comment]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):279-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217485
Ockenga J; Manns MP
Formation and release of virus-like particles by HIV-1 matrix protein [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):281-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217486
Wang JJ; Horton R; Varthakavi V; Spearman P; Ratner L
Potential interaction of antiretroviral therapy with paclitaxel in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):283-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217487
Schwartz JD; Howard W; Scadden DT
Drug interaction of isotretinoin and protease inhibitors: support for the cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-1 theory of lipodystrophy? [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):284-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217488
Padberg J; Schurmann D; Grobusch M; Bergmann F
Combined stavudine and lamivudine during pregnancy [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):285. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217489
Ristola M; Salo E; Ammala P; Suni J
Impact of Kaposi's sarcoma on HIV disease progression [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):286. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217490
Mocroft A; Sabin C; Phillips AN
HIV-1 subtypes and plasma RNA quantification [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):286-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217491
Damond F; Apetrei C; Descamps D; Brun-Vezinet F; Simon F
RANTES upregulation by HIV-1-infected cells: lack of correlation with viral replication and induction of interferon [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):288-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217492
Abbate I; Carletti F; Dianzani F; Capobianchi MR
Small differences in CD4+ T-cell production may go unnoticed [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):290-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217493
Shapiro HM; Lederman M; Connick E; Kessler H; Kuritzkes DR; Landay AL
Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on clinical evolution of genital warts in HIV-infected patients [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):291-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217494
Orlando G; Fasolo MM; Signori R; Schiavini M; Casella A; Cargnel A
Prevalence and underestimation of pain in HIV-infected patients by physicians: a cross-sectional study in a day care hospital [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Feb 4;13(2):293-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217495
Bernard N; Spira R; Ybanez S; Chene G; Morlat P; Lacoste D; Loury-Lariviere I; Nouts C; Burucoa B; Lebras M; Beylot J
The treatment of tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons [editorial]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):435-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211228
Pozniak AL; Miller R; Ormerod LP
Longitudinal analysis of serum chemokine levels in the course of HIV-1 infection.
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):447-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211229
Polo S; Veglia F; Malnati MS; Gobbi C; Farci P; Raiteri R; Sinicco A; Lusso P; Unit of Human Virology, DIBIT, San Raffaele Scientific Institute,; Milan, Italy.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the correlation between the serum levels of the CC-chemokines RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta, and the progression of HIV-1 disease. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of serial serum samples from HIV-1 seroconverters selected according to clinical outcome. MET


Acute upregulation of CCR-5 expression by CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV-infected patients treated with interleukin-2. ANRS 048 IL-2 Study Group.
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):455-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211230
Zou W; Foussat A; Houhou S; Durand-Gasselin I; Dulioust A; Bouchet L; Galanaud P; Levy Y; Emilie D; INSERM U131, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines and Service de; Medecine Interne et d'Immunologie Clinique, Hopital Antoine; Beclere, Clamart, France.
BACKGROUND: The treatment of HIV-infected patients with interleukin (IL)-2 causes a sustained increase in CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, involving both naive and memory cells. However, the short-term immunological effects of IL-2 , which may shed light on the mechanism of im


Redistribution of body fat in HIV-infected women undergoing combined antiretroviral therapy.
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):465-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211231
Gervasoni C; Ridolfo AL; Trifiro G; Santambrogio S; Norbiato G; Musicco M; Clerici M; Galli M; Moroni M; Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, L. Sacco; Hospital, Milan, Italy.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence, metabolic features and risk factors of a particular pattern of fat redistribution (FR), characterized by a progressive enlargement of breast and abdominal girth associated with a wasting of the lower limbs, observed in HIV-infected women treated with combined antiretroviral (


Urological complaints in relation to indinavir plasma concentrations in HIV-infected patients.
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):473-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211232
Dieleman JP; Gyssens IC; van der Ende ME; de Marie S; Burger DM; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical; School, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between indinavir-associated urological complaints and indinavir plasma concentrations. DESIGN: Case series, comparing indinavir plasma concentrations in cases with average concentrations in a control group. METHODS: Patients taking 800 mg indinavir three times a day (tid), who pr


A phase I/II study of the safety and pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in HIV-1-infected pregnant Ugandan women and their neonates (HIVNET 006).
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):479-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211233
Musoke P; Guay LA; Bagenda D; Mirochnick M; Nakabiito C; Fleming T; Elliott T; Horton S; Dransfield K; Pav JW; Murarka A; Allen M; Fowler MG; Mofenson L; Hom D; Mmiro F; Jackson JB; Department of Paediatrics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety, pharmacokinetics, tolerance, antiretroviral activity, and infant HIV infection status after giving a single dose of nevirapine to HIV-1-infected pregnant women during labor and their newborns during the first week o


The effect of Plasmodium falciparum malaria on HIV-1 RNA blood plasma concentration.
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):487-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211234
Hoffman IF; Jere CS; Taylor TE; Munthali P; Dyer JR; Wirima JJ; Rogerson SJ; Kumwenda N; Eron JJ; Fiscus SA; Chakraborty H; Taha TE; Cohen MS; Molyneux ME; University of North Carolina, Division of Infectious Diseases,; Chapel Hill, USA. hoffmani@med.unc.edu
OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to determine the relative effect of malaria infection on HIV concentration in blood plasma, and prospectively to monitor viral concentrations after antimalarial therapy. DESIGN: A prospective, double cohort study was designed to compare the blood HIV-1 RNA concentrations of HIV-po


Micronutrient supplementation in the AIDS diarrhoea-wasting syndrome in Zambia: a randomized controlled trial.
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):495-500. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211235
Kelly P; Musonda R; Kafwembe E; Kaetano L; Keane E; Farthing M; Digestive Diseases Research Centre, St Bartholomew's and the; Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry.
OBJECTIVE: As HIV has spread through sub-Saharan Africa, persistent diarrhoea has emerged as a major problem in hospitals and in the community in severely affected areas. We have previously demonstrated that antiprotozoal therapy with albendazole reduces diarrhoea in AIDS patients in urban


Isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculosis in HIV infection: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):501-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211236
Bucher HC; Griffith LE; Guyatt GH; Sudre P; Naef M; Sendi P; Battegay M; Medizinische Universitats-Poliklinik, Kantonsspital Basel,; Switzerland.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of isoniazid for the prevention of tuberculosis in tuberculin skin test-positive and negative individuals with HIV infection. DESIGN: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. SETTING: Seven trials from Mexico ,


HIV-1 seroprevalence among childbearing women in northern Thailand: monitoring a rapidly evolving epidemic.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211237
Bunnell RE; Yanpaisarn S; Kilmarx PH; Rhodes PH; Limpakarnjanarat K; Srismith R; Mastro TD; St Louis ME
OBJECTIVES: To describe trends in prevalence of HIV-1 infection among women giving birth at Chiang Rai Hospital (CRH) and to assess risk factors associated with HIV infection in this population. DESIGN: Analysis of hospital registry data for all deliveries at CRH from 1990 to mid-1997. METHODS: From 1990 to


Impaired fertility in HIV-1-infected pregnant women: a clinic-based survey in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, 1997.
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):517-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211238
Desgrees du Lou A; Msellati P; Yao A; Noba V; Viho I; Ramon R; Welffens-Ekra C; Dabis F; Institut de Recherche pour le Development, Programme Sida,; Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
OBJECTIVE: Differences in fertility among HIV-1-positive and HIV-negative women tested in prenatal clinics were suspected by routine data collection in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire . This study was conducted on detailed fertility patterns among women at the same antenatal care centre


Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype does not appear to be a significant prognostic factor in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):523-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211239
Piroth L; Bourgeois C; Dantin S; Waldner A; Grappin M; Portier H; Chavanet P
Incidence of rash and discontinuation of nevirapine using two different escalating initial doses [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):524-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211240
Anton P; Soriano V; Jimenez-Nacher I; Rodriguez-Rosado R; Dona MC; Barreiro PM; Gonzalez-Lahoz J
Patterns of response (CD4 cell count and viral load) at 6 months in HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):525-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211241
Barreiro PM; Dona MC; Castilla J; Soriano V
Estimation of HIV-1 prevalence in the population of Abidjan by adjustment of the prevalence observed in antenatal centres [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):526-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211242
Desgrees du Lou A; Msellati P; La Ruche G; Welffens-Ekra C; Ramon R; Dabis F
Interleukin-2 treatment of microglia has no effect on in vitro HIV infection [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):527-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211243
Albright AV; Frank I; Gonzalez-Scarano F
HIV-1 infection in a heterosexual man homozygous for CCR-5 delta32 [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):529-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211244
Heiken H; Becker S; Bastisch I; Schmidt RE
Visual loss due to cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS patients [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):530-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211245
Torres OH; Negredo E; Ris J; Domingo P; Catafau AM
V3-loop and nef gene sequences of HIV-1 isolates from a hemophiliac cohort with long-term non-progressive infection [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):532-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
Vallejo A; Mas A; Heredia A; Altisent C; Lorenzo I; Soriano V; Hewlett IK
Pneumocystosis versus pulmonary Pneumocystis carinii colonization in HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):535-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211247
Nevez G; Raccurt C; Jounieaux V; Dei-Cas E; Mazars E
Genital herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding is increased in HIV-infected women in Africa [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Mar 11;13(4):536-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99211248
Mbopi Keou FX; Gresenguet G; Mayaud P; Weiss HA; Gopal R; Brown DW; Hayes RJ; Mabey DC; Belec L
Thymus volume correlates with the progression of vertical HIV infection.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):F29-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218040
Vigano' A; Vella S; Principi N; Bricalli D; Sala N; Salvaggio A; Saresella M; Vanzulli A; Clerici M; Cattedra di Pediatria IV, Universita di Milano, Ospedale Luigi; Sacco, Milan, Italy.
BACKGROUND: The thymus is the organ responsible for the maturation and selection of T lymphocytes and is thus pivotal in allowing the development of a functional immune system. Because in HIV infection cell-mediated immune responses are severely impaired, we studied the role of thymus in the control of the progression


Management of chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients [editorial]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):539-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218041
Soriano V; Rodriguez-Rosado R; Garcia-Samaniego J
Chemokine and chemokine receptor expression after combined anti-HIV-1 interleukin-2 therapy.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):547-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218042
Blanco J; Cabrera C; Jou A; Ruiz L; Clotet B; Este JA; Institut de Recerca de la SIDA-Caixa, Laboratori de; Retrovirologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol,; Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in serum levels of chemokines, chemokine production, and chemokine receptor expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), after treatment of HIV-1-infected individuals with interleukin (IL)-2. METHODS: We determined CC-chemokine levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and


Natural immunity and HIV disease progression.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):557-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218043
Ullum H; Cozzi Lepri A; Aladdin H; Katzenstein T; Victor J; Phillips AN; Gerstoft J; Skinhoj P; Klarlund Pedersen B; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rhima Centre, Rigshospitalet,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical implications of impaired levels of the natural immunity mediated by natural killer (NK) cells and lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells during infection with HIV-1. DESIGN: Data used were from 172 individuals with an estimated measure of NK cell activity and 146 with an estimat


An evaluation of HIV RNA and CD4 cell count as surrogates for clinical outcome. Delta Coordinating Committee and Virology Group.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):565-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218044
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of viral load, as measured by HIV-1 RNA, and CD4 cell counts as surrogates for clinical outcome using the data from the Delta trial. METHODS: A total of 1280 participants (40% of the 3207 participants in the Delta trial) with baseline and at least one other serum sample stored at -70 d


Predictors of survival and eradication of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia (MAC) in AIDS patients in the Canadian randomized MAC treatment trial. Canadian HIV Trials Network Protocol 010 Study Group.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):575-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218045
Singer J; Thorne A; Phillips P; Rachlis AR; Miller M; Gill MJ; Smaill FM; Schlech WF 3rd; Senay H; Shafran SD; Canadian HIV Trials Network and the Department of Health Care and; Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the importance of baseline characteristics including medical history, indicators of current disease status, therapeutic drug use, in vitro drug susceptibility, immune status and mycobacterial load on bacteriologic response and survival in HIV-positive patients with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC


Stable antenatal HIV-1 seroprevalence with high population mobility and marked seroprevalence variation among sentinel sites within Nairobi, Kenya.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):583-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218046
Jackson DJ; Ngugi EN; Plummer FA; Kirui P; Kariuki C; Ndinya-Achola JO; Bwayo JJ; Moses S; Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
OBJECTIVES: To monitor and analyse trends in HIV-1 seroprevalence among antenatal women in Nairobi, Kenya . DESIGN: Six sequential surveys were carried out among antenatal clinic attenders at four Nairobi City Council health centres between November 1991 and April 1997. METHODS: A to


Sexual, contraceptive, and drug use behaviors of women with HIV and those at high risk for infection: results from the Women's Interagency HIV Study.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):591-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218047
Wilson TE; Massad LS; Riester KA; Barkan S; Richardson J; Young M; Gurtman A; Greenblatt R; State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn; 11203, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To document the sexual and contraceptive practices of women with HIV infection or who are at risk for infection. DESIGN: Data on the baseline behaviors of 561 HIV-negative and 2040 HIV-positive women were collected as part of the Women s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). WIHS is a multisite, longitudinal study


Nosocomial infections in HIV infected patients. Gruppo HIV e Infezioni Ospedaliere.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):599-605. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218048
Petrosillo N; Pugliese G; Girardi E; Pallavicini F; Carosi G; Moro ML; Ippolito G; Centro di Riferimento AIDS e Servizio di Epidemiologia delle; Malattie Infettive, IRCCS L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of nosocomial infections (NI) in HIV-infected patients and to analyse some of the associated risk factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Multicentre prospective study on consecutive HIV-infected patients admitted to 19 Italian acute-care infectious disease wards. METHODS: All patients admi


Cofactors for the acquisition of HIV-1 among heterosexual men: prospective cohort study of trucking company workers in Kenya.
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):607-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218049
Rakwar J; Lavreys L; Thompson ML; Jackson D; Bwayo J; Hassanali S; Mandaliya K; Ndinya-Achola J; Kreiss J; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, incidence, and correlates of HIV-1 infection in a cohort of east African trucking company employees. METHODS: HIV-1-seronegative trucking company employees were enrolled in a prospective cohort study and evaluated at 3 monthly intervals for HIV-1 seroconversion, sexually transmi


Evidence of exogenous reinfection and mixed infection with more than one strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Spanish HIV-infected inmates.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218050
Chaves F; Dronda F; Alonso-Sanz M; Noriega AR
BACKGROUND: As prisons have a high prevalence of tuberculosis and HIV infection, we studied the possibility of multiple tuberculosis infections in a selected population of HIV-infected inmates. METHODS: Two groups of patients with special characteristics were selected from 226 HIV-infected inmates diagnosed with tuber


CD4+CD7-lymphocyte subset is expanded in HIV-infected patients with low CD4 cell count rescue during highly active antiretroviral therapy [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):621-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218051
Meroni L; Varchetta S; Manganaro D; Moscatelli G; Moroni M; Galli M
Acute porphyria following commencement of indinavir [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):622-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218052
Fox PA; Boag FC; Hawkins DA; Francis N
Early diagnosis of acquired ocular syphilis requires a high index of suspicion and may prevent visual loss [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):623-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218053
Schurmann D; Bergmann F; Bertelmann E; Padberg J; Liekfeld A; Pleyer U
CC-chemokine receptor variants, SDF-1 polymorphism, and disease progression in 720 HIV-infected patients. SEROCO Cohort. Amsterdam Cohort Studies on AIDS [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):624-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218054
Meyer L; Magierowska M; Hubert JB; Theodorou I; van Rij R; Prins M; de Roda Husman AM; Coutinho R; Schuitemaker H
Frequent cervicovaginal shedding of HIV-1 in asymptomatic, non-severely immunodeficient women [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):626-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218055
Fiore JR; Lepera A; Di Stefano M; Saracino A; Favia A; Pastore G; Angarano G
High prevalence of multiple drug resistance mutations in a UK HIV/AIDS patient population [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):627-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218056
Loveday C; Devereux H; Huckett L; Johnson M
Clinical improvement of HIV-associated psoriasis parallels a reduction of HIV viral load induced by effective antiretroviral therapy [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):628-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218057
Fischer T; Schworer H; Vente C; Reich K; Ramadori G
Use of dried whole blood spots for quantification of HIV-1 RNA [letter]
AIDS. 1999 Apr 1;13(5):630-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99218058
O'Shea S; Mullen J; Corbett K; Chrystie I; Newell ML; Banatvala JE
Communication about sexual issues: mothers, fathers, and friends.
J Adolesc Health. 1999 Mar;24(3):181-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99210176
DiIorio C; Kelley M; Hockenberry-Eaton M; Behavioral Science and Health Education, Rollins School of Public; Health, and Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory; University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
PURPOSE: To identify the content, characteristics, and comfort level of discussions about sexuality held between mothers and their early adolescent children and to determine the extent to which the conversations predicted sexual values and initiation of sexual intercourse of the adolescent. METHODS: This was part of a


Membrane interactions of the synthetic N-terminal peptide of HIV-1 gp41 and its structural analogs.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99227091
Mobley PW; Waring AJ; Sherman MA; Gordon LM
Structural and functional studies assessed the membrane actions of the N terminus of HIV-1 glycoprotein 41000 (gp41). Earlier


Conformation, pH-induced conformational changes, and thermal unfolding of anti-p24 (HIV-1) monoclonal antibody CB4-1 and its Fab and Fc fragments.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Apr 12;1431(1):120-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99227077
Welfle K; Misselwitz R; Hausdorf G; Hohne W; Welfle H; Max-Delbruck-Centrum fur Molekulare Medizin,; Robert-Rossle-Str. 10, D-13092, Berlin, Germany.; welfle@mdc-berlin.de
Conformation, acid-induced conformational changes and stability of the murine monoclonal antibody CB4-1 directed against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid protein p24, and its Fab and Fc fragments, were analysed by circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurem


Photo quiz. Aberrant fat deposition (benign lipomatosis) in association with highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):239, 351. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162000
Azmeh W; Rhagavan SS; El-Sadr W; Division of Infectious Diseases, Harlem Hospital Center, Columbia; University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; 10037, USA. wme1@columbia.edu
A comparison of itraconazole versus fluconazole as maintenance therapy for AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group [see comments]
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):291-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162009
Saag MS; Cloud GA; Graybill JR; Sobel JD; Tuazon CU; Johnson PC; Fessel WJ; Moskovitz BL; Wiesinger B; Cosmatos D; Riser L; Thomas C; Hafner R; Dismukes WE; Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University; of Alabama School of Medicine at Birmingham 35294-2050, USA.; msaag@uab.edu
This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of fluconazole vs. itraconazole as maintenance therapy for AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. HIV-infected patients who had been successfully treated (achieved negative culture of CSF) for a first episode of cryptococcal meningitis were randomized to receive f


Editorial response: A comparison of itraconazole versus fluconazole as maintenance therapy for AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis [editorial; comment]
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):297-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162010
Larsen RA
Cryptococcosis in children with AIDS.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):309-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162012
Abadi J; Nachman S; Kressel AB; Pirofski L; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein; College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
We compiled the clinical and immunologic features of Cryptococcus neoformans infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children from 1985 to 1996 in a retrospective case series. Thirty cases of cryptococcosis were identified. These children had a median age of 9.8 years, a median CD4+ cell count of 54/


Cryptosporidium, enterocytozoon, and cyclospora infections in pediatric and adult patients with diarrhea in Tanzania.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):314-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162013
Cegielski JP; Ortega YR; McKee S; Madden JF; Gaido L; Schwartz DA; Manji K; Jorgensen AF; Miller SE; Pulipaka UP; Msengi AE; Mwakyusa DH; Sterling CR; Reller LB; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.; gzc2@cdc.gov
Cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis , and cyclosporiasis were studied in four groups of Tanzanian inpatients: adults with AIDS-associated diarrhea, children with chronic diarrhea (of whom 23 of 59 were positive [+] for human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]), children with


Human immunodeficiency virus-associated fever of unknown origin: a study of 70 patients in the United States and review.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):341-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162016
Armstrong WS; Katz JT; Kazanjian PH; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical; Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0378, USA.
To characterize the clinical features of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated fever of unknown origin (FUO) in the United States , we performed a retrospective analysis of cases that fulfilled specific criteria (published by Durack and Street in 1991) at two medical centers in


Fluoroquinolone toxicity profiles: a review focusing on newer agents.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):352-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162018
Lipsky BA; Baker CA; Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and University of; Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98108-1532, USA.
For 2 decades fluoroquinolones have been found to be generally well-tolerated and safe. Adverse events may be inherent to the class or influenced by structural modifications. The commonest adverse events are gastrointestinal tract (GI) and central nervous system (CNS) reactions; nephrotoxicity and tendinitis are infre


Occupational human immunodeficiency virus infection in health care workers: worldwide cases through September 1997.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):365-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162019
Ippolito G; Puro V; Heptonstall J; Jagger J; De Carli G; Petrosillo N; Centro di Riferimento AIDS e Servizio di Epidemiologia delle; Malattie Infettive IRCCS Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy.; craids@excalhq.it
The average estimated risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection for health care workers following a percutaneous or mucous exposure is


Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid saquinavir concentrations in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy.
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):403-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162025
Moyle GJ; Sadler M; Buss N; HIV/Genito-Urinary Medicine Department, Chelsea and Westminster; Hospital, London, United Kingdom. gm@moyleg.demon.co.UK
Refractory mucosal candidiasis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection [letter]
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):407-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162028
Phillips P
Community-acquired pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients [letter]
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;28(2):410-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99162031
Cunha BA
[AIDS and primary care: homework still remains. Let's not allow any opportunity to escape (letter)]
Aten Primaria. 1999 Mar 31;23(5):312. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99273012
Gonzalez E; Rodriguez A
Cisplatin at clinically relevant concentrations enhances interleukin-2 synthesis by human primary blood lymphocytes.
Anticancer Drugs. 1999 Feb;10(2):219-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226535
Riesbeck K; Department of Medical Microbiology, Malmo University Hospital,; Lund University, Sweden. kristian.riesbeck@mikrobiol.mas.lu.se
Cytotoxic drugs influence the expression of certain genes in cancer cells. Cisplatin has recently been shown to modulate interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production in macrophages. In this study, we wanted to investigate whether cisplatin interferes with the


Iritis associated with intravenous cidofovir.
Ann Pharmacother. 1999 Feb;33(2):167-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99181902
Tseng AL; Mortimer CB; Salit IE; The Toronto Hospital, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto,; Ontario, Canada. atseng@torhosp.toronto.on.ca
OBJECTIVE: To report two patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis who developed iritis after receiving intravenous cidofovir. Both experienced recurrent symptoms upon rechallenge. CASE SUMMARIES: Two HIV-positive patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis infections previously


The use of combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients.
Ann Pharmacother. 1999 Feb;33(2):198-209. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99181907
Holtzer CD; Roland M; School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco; General Hospital, 94110, USA. choltzer@sfaids.ucsf.edu
OBJECTIVE: To review the published clinical trials of combination antiretroviral therapy, current guidelines about the use of combination antiretroviral therapy, information regarding the impact of adherence on treatment effect, and the effects of combination antiretroviral therapy on morbidity and mortality. METHODS:


Nonprescription and alternative medication use by individuals with HIV disease.
Ann Pharmacother. 1999 Mar;33(3):294-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216859
Smith SR; Boyd EL; Kirking DM; Division of Pharmaceutical Policy and Evaluative Sciences, School; of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599,; USA.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the strength of the associations between predisposing, enabling, and need-for-care variables and the self-treatment of HIV disease; and to compare sociodemographic and illness-related factors associated with the use of vitamins, nonprescription medications, herbs, and recreational substances amon


Nelfinavir mesylate: a protease inhibitor.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216866
Pai VB; Nahata MC
OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, adverse effects, drug interactions, and dosage guidelines of nelfinavir mesylate. DATA SOURCE: A MEDLINE search restricted to English-language literature from January 1966 to February 1998 and an extensive review of journals was conducted to p


Fatal Stevens-Johnson syndrome in an AIDS patient treated with sulfadiazine [letter]
Ann Pharmacother. 1999 Mar;33(3):379-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99216873
Carrion-Carrion C; Morales-Suarez-Varela MM; Llopis-Gonzalez A
Italian guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in children with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 infection. Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children.
Acta Paediatr. 1999 Feb;88(2):228-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99200284
Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection and its treatment are peculiar in children. Adherence and compliance must be carefully taken into account before initiating or changing therapy and in the choice of drugs. Even in the absence of paediatric-specific trial results and notwithstanding drug-labelling n


Lymphomatoid granulomatosis following autologous stem cell transplantation.
Bone Marrow Transplant. 1999 Jan;23(1):79-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99154658
Fassas A; Jagannath S; Desikan KR; Shah HR; Shaver R; Waldron J; Munshi NC; Barlogie B; Tricot G; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Cancer; Research Center, Little Rock, USA.
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a rare angio-destructive lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) of uncertain etiology, with prominent pulmonary involvement. Recent studies indicate that LYG is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated B cell LPD with large numbers of background reactive T lymphocytes (T cell-rich B cell


Encephalitozoon intestinale infection in an AIDS patient--a case report.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 1999 Feb;7(1):43-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99183768
Kucerova-Pospisilova Z; Stankova M; Ditrich O; Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech; Republic, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
The first case of one of the most frequent intestinal microsporidians, Encephalitozoon intestinale, is reported from an AIDS patient in the Czech Republic . The patient experienced diarrhoea and was found to have microsporidia spores in stool. Species determination by electro


Evaluating interviewing techniques for the sexual practices history. Use of video trigger tapes to assess patient comfort.
Arch Fam Med. 1999 May-Jun;8(3):218-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99266358
Floyd M; Lang F; Beine KL; McCord E; Department of Family Medicine, James H. Quillen College of; Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, USA.; floyd@etsu.edu
BACKGROUND: Although physicians recognize the importance of assessing a patient s risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, many are reluctant to explore a person s sexual history, a principal determinant of this risk. OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of a research design that uses responses to viewi


Lymphoepithelial duct lesions in Sjogren-type sialadenitis.
Virchows Arch. 1999 Apr;434(4):315-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99266973
Ihrler S; Zietz C; Sendelhofert A; Riederer A; Lohrs U; Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich,; Germany.
It is not clear, whether the so-called basal cells of the salivary striated ducts are an independent cell-type distinct from myoepithelial cells, making characterization of the cell proliferation typical of the duct lesions in Sjogren-type sialadenitis/benign lymphoepithelial lesion (BLEL) difficult. An immunohistoche


Molecular modeling, synthesis, and structures of N-methylated 3,5-linked pyrrolin-4-ones toward the creation of a privileged nonpeptide scaffold.
Bioorg Med Chem. 1999 Jan;7(1):9-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99213744
Smith AB 3rd; Favor DA; Sprengeler PA; Guzman MC; Carroll PJ; Furst GT; Hirschmann R; Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; 19104, USA.
The molecular modeling, synthesis, and elucidations of the solid state and solution structures of N-methylated 3,5-linked bispyrrolin-4-ones are described. Prior investigations established that the 3,5-linked pyrrolin-4-one based scaffold can be incorporated into mimics of beta-sheet/beta-strands and into potent, oral


The origins of AIDS.
Curr Biol. 1999 Mar 25;9(6):R192. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99227335
Dixon B
Effects of feline immunodeficiency virus on cognition and behavioral function in cats.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):411-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239727
Steigerwald ES; Sarter M; March P; Podell M; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Comprehensive Cancer; Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Experimental intravenous challenge of 8-week old cats with the Maryland isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus, Maryland isolate (FIV-MD) was investigated for its effects on cognitive and behavioral function at 12 months postinfection. Six cats infected with FIV-MD were compared with age-matched controls on several


Increased intracellular accumulation of macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta and its decreased secretion correlate with advanced HIV disease.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):420-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239728
Tartakovsky B; Turner D; Vardinon N; Burke M; Yust I; Clinical Immunology and AIDS Center, Department of Medicine A,; Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel. tartabor@hotmail.com
Considering that the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta (MIP1beta) may serve as a competitive inhibitor for HIV entry, the objective of this study was to compare intracellular and extracellular levels of MIP1beta, in untreated HIV-infected individuals. HIV patients and healthy controls were tested by two-


Growth hormone in immune reconstitution.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):423-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239729
Chappel S; Serono Laboratories Inc., Norwell, Massachusetts 02061, USA.
Immune cell death or dysfunction is induced by HIV infection and results in an immunocompromised state. Newer treatments are able to control viral replication to prevent massive cytoreduction. Attention must now focus on therapies that will rapidly reconstitute the immune system to provide defense against future HIV a


V3 serotyping of HIV-1 infection: correlation with genotyping and limitations.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):432-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239730
Plantier JC; Damond F; Lasky M; Sankale JL; Apetrei C; Peeters M; Buzelay L; M'Boup S; Kanki P; Delaporte E; Simon F; Barin F; Laboratoire de Virologie, Universite Francois Rabelais, Tours,; France.
HIV-1 V3 serotyping is a classification of immunodeficiency viruses based on antibody binding to V3 peptides that allows obtaining information on circulating subtypes that could be important for population-based epidemiologic studies. Recently, several laboratories have developed V3 enzyme-immunoassays (EIAs) using V3


Detection and enumeration of HIV-1-producing cells by ELISPOT (enzyme-linked immunospot) assay.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):442-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239731
Corne P; Huguet MF; Briant L; Segondy M; Reynes J; Vendrell JP; Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Infections Retrovirales, Centre; National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie,; Montpellier, France.
The enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay was adapted to detect and enumerate HIV-1-producing cells at the single cell level. With CEM cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) infected in vitro with HIV-1, the ELISPOT assay detected cells that produced HIV-1 antigens and showed that between 5.4% and 9.5%


Comparison of clinical manifestations of HIV infection among women by risk group, CD4+ cell count, and HIV-1 plasma viral load. HER Study Group. HIV Epidemiology Research.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):448-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239732
Rompalo AM; Astemborski J; Schoenbaum E; Schuman P; Carpenter C; Holmberg SD; Warren DL; Farzadegan H; Vlahov D; Smith DK; Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0003, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of HIV-related symptoms, physical examination findings, and hematologic variables among women whose risk for HIV is injection drug use since 1985 as opposed to sexual contact and to evaluate the influence of HIV plasma viral load and CD4+ cell count on clinical manifestations acco


Comparison of gynecologic history and laboratory results in HIV-positive women with CD4+ lymphocyte counts between 200 and 500 cells/microl and below 100 cells/microl.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):455-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239733
Watts DH; Spino C; Zaborski L; Katzenstein D; Hammer S; Benson C; University of Washington, Department of Obstetrics and; Gynecology, Seattle 98195-6460, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To assess rates of sexual activity, contraceptive use, genital infections and dysplasia, and other gynecologic symptoms among well-characterized populations of HIV-seropositive women enrolled in two Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) randomized studies. METHODS: Gynecologic data were collected using s


Lack of tumors in infants with perinatal HIV-1 exposure and fetal/neonatal exposure to zidovudine.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):463-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239734
Hanson IC; Antonelli TA; Sperling RS; Oleske JM; Cooper E; Culnane M; Fowler MG; Kalish LA; Lee SS; McSherry G; Mofenson L; Shapiro DE; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Zidovudine (ZDV) therapy during pregnancy and to the neonate reduced perinatal HIV transmission by nearly 70% in Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) protocol 076. ZDV has been reported as positive in several in vitro carcinogenicity screening tests. We evaluated the short-term risk for tumors in 727 children


HIV-1 dynamics in children.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):468-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239735
Melvin AJ; Rodrigo AG; Mohan KM; Lewis PA; Manns-Arcuino L; Coombs RW; Mullins JI; Frenkel LM; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.; ajmelvin@u.washington.edu
HIV-1-infected children have higher plasma viral loads and progress to disease more quickly than infected adults. To gain insight into the accelerated pathogenesis of HIV-1 in children, viral dynamics were measured following the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and compared with those reporte


Protease inhibitor use among a community sample of people with HIV disease.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):474-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239736
Bing EG; Kilbourne AM; Brooks RA; Lazarus EF; Senak M; Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine; and Science, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA.
OBJECTIVES: Protease inhibitors have become integral to HIV disease management. This paper examines sociodemographic factors affecting patient use and perceived knowledge of protease inhibitors , and the relationship between protease inhibitor use and perceived healt


Predominance of CCR5-dependent HIV-1 subtype E isolates in Cambodia.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):481-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/AF062033
Menu E; Reynes JM; Muller-Trutwin MC; Guillemot L; Versmisse P; Chiron M; An S; Trouplin V; Charneau P; Fleury H; Barre-Sinoussi F; Sainte Marie FF; Institut Pasteur, Unite de Biologie des Retrovirus, Paris,; France.
To investigate the genetic and biologic features of HIV-1 strains circulating in Cambodia , viruses from 95 HIV-1-seropositive individuals were subtyped by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) and 23 were further analyzed for their biologic characteristics. Eighty-nine individuals we


Feasibility of a preventive HIV-1 vaccine cohort among persons attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Thailand.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):488-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239738
Markowitz LE; Sirisopana N; Charonwatanachokchai A; Julvanichpong W; Siraprapasiri T; Palanuvej T; Siriwongrangsun P; Tungsakul V; Pumratana K; Chitwarakorn A; Michael RA; Brown AE; Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok,; Thailand. lem2@cdc.gov
Persons attending sexually transmitted disease clinics at three sites in Thailand were recruited to participate in a 1-year study of HIV-1 incidence. Between September 1995 and February 1996, 31% (371 of 1205) of eligible men and 24% (161 of 659) of eligible women agreed to parti


Predictors and risk-taking consequences of drug use among HIV-infected women.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):502-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239740
Novotna L; Wilson TE; Minkoff HL; McNutt LA; DeHovitz JA; Ehrlich I; Des Jarlais DC; State University of New York, School of Public Health at Albany,; USA.
ObJECTIVE: To determine rates of drug use among women with HIV, and to examine associations between drug use, health, risk behavior, and sexually transmitted diseases (STD). DESIGN: A longitudinal cohort study of 260 women with confirmed HIV-positive serostatus. METHODS: Each participant contributed a self-report inte


Mortality risk in selenium-deficient HIV-positive children.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239741
Campa A; Shor-Posner G; Indacochea F; Zhang G; Lai H; Asthana D; Scott GB; Baum MK; Center for Disease Prevention, Department of Psychiatry and; Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine,; Florida 33136, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the independent contribution of specific nutritional factors on disease progression and survival in HIV-1-infected children. POPULATION: HIV-infected children (N = 24), who were perinatally exposed to the virus and symptomatic, were recruited between October and December of 1990 from the Jackso


Negative result of cytomegalovirus blood culture with restoration of CD4+ T-cell reactivity to cytomegalovirus after HAART in an HIV-1-infected patient [letter]
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):514-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239742
Li TS; Tubiana R; Fillet AM; Autran B; Katlama C
Has the spectrum of AIDS-defining illnesses been changing since the introduction of new treatments and combination of treatments? [letter]
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1999 Apr 15;20(5):515-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99239743
Pezzotti P; Dal Maso L; Serraino D; Franceschi S; Rezza G
Continuous delivery of human and mouse erythropoietin in mice by genetically engineered polymer encapsulated myoblasts.
Gene Ther. 1998 Aug;5(8):1014-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99257873
Regulier E; Schneider BL; Deglon N; Beuzard Y; Aebischer P; Division of Surgical Research, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne University Medical School, Switzerland.
The transplantation of polymer encapsulated myoblasts genetically engineered to secrete erythropoietin (Epo) may obviate the need for repeated parenteral administration of recombinant Epo as a treatment for chronic renal failure, cancer or AIDS-associated anemia. To explore this possibility, the human and mouse Epo cD


Probable intracardiac tuberculoma in an HIV positive woman.
Heart. 1999 Feb;81(2):181. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99130226
El Saleeby C; Lynn WA; Jayanthi M
Evaluation of three different commercial procedures for quantifying human immunodeficiency virus type-1 RNA levels.
New Microbiol. 1999 Jan;22(1):1-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99206109
Aschbacher R; Monari P; Lolli S; Donzelli C; Colangeli V; Vignoli M; Ramazzotti E; Furlini G; Re MC; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of; Bologna, Italy.
A branched DNA method for the quantification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels (Quantiplex HIV RNA 2.0) was compared with a reverse transcriptase-coupled polymerase chain reaction method (Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor) and a nucleic acid sequence-based assay (Nuclisens HIV-1 QT) in plasma samples from


An abnormally long HIV-1 env DNA PCR product due to altered sequences of primer binding sites.
New Microbiol. 1999 Jan;22(1):59-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99206116
Boriskin YS; Sharland M; Booth JC; Department of Medical Microbiology, St. George's Hospital Medical; School, London, UK.
To investigate the generation of an abnormally long HIV-1 env PCR DNA product the latter was cloned and sequenced followed by sequence analysis of HIV-1 primer binding sites. We found that the formation of an abnormally long PCR product was due to HIV-1 env sequence alteration (a) in the reverse primer binding site re


Conformational study of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT).
Biol Chem. 1999 Feb;380(2):265-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99209809
Lawtrakul L; Hannongbua S; Beyer A; Wolschann P; Institut fur Theoretische Chemie und Strahlenchemie der; Universitat Wien, Vienna, Austria.
The conformations of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT) are calculated by semiempirical and mainly by ab initio methods in order to estimate the potential for the rotation around the carbon sulfur single bond. The results are compared to X-ray structures


Morphometric comparison of Chinese-origin and Indian-derived rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).
Am J Primatol. 1999;47(4):335-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99221051
Clarke MR; O'Neil JA; Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana,; USA. mrclarke@mailhost.tcs.tulane.edu
Chinese-origin and Indian-derived rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), ranging in age from 6 months to 15 years, were weighed and measured during the 1995 inventory of the SAIDS breeding colony at the Tulane Regional Primate Research Center. Data were analyzed separately for males (n=279) and females (n=554), and an analy


Bovine leukemia virus transmembrane protein gp30 physically associates with the down-regulatory phosphatase SHP-1.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99240565
Cantor GH; Pritchard SM; Orlik O; Splitter GA; Davis WC; Reeves R
In B lymphocytes, the down-regulatory phosphatase SHP-1 associates with CD22 and CD32b (also known as FcgammaRIIB) and acts as a critical negative regulator of B-cell receptor signaling. Bovine leukemia virus, a retrovirus of the HTLV/BLV group, causes persistently increased numbers of peripheral blood B lymphocytes,


Nitric oxide inhibits the proliferation of T-helper 1 and 2 lymphocytes without reduction in cytokine secretion.
Cell Immunol. 1999 May 1;193(2):194-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99240574
van der Veen RC; Dietlin TA; Pen L; Gray JD; Department of Neurology, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
To study the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the activity of Th subsets, cloned Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes were stimulated in the presence of an NO donor. NO, when present from the start of incubation, inhibited the proliferation of both Th subsets dose-dependently, achieving complete inhibition at a relatively low level.


Double-blind comparison of fluoxetine and desipramine in the treatment of depressed women with advanced HIV disease: a pilot study.
Depress Anxiety. 1999;9(2):70-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99224068
Schwartz JA; McDaniel JS; Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and; Behavioral Sciences, Grady Health System Infectious Disease; Program, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess the relative efficacy and tolerability of fluoxetine and desipramine in depressed, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women. Although difficulty in the recruitment and retention of participants led to insufficient power to detect differences bet


Kaposi's sarcoma: breeding ground of herpesviridae - A tour de force over viral evolution (review).
Int J Oncol. 1999 Apr;14(4):615-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99189373
Sinkovics JG; Horvath JC; Cancer Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital, Tampa, FL 33607, USA.
After reviewing the molecular biological basis of prominent theories for the integration of viruses into the earliest forms of living matter, an account is given on the immunoevasive strategies viruses have had to acquire in order to secure their existence against the most sophisticated anti-viral defensive mechanisms


Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells incorporate and process hydrophobized polysaccharide/oncoprotein complex as antigen presenting cells.
Int J Oncol. 1999 Apr;14(4):695-701. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99189380
Wang L; Ikeda H; Ikuta Y; Schmitt M; Miyahara Y; Takahashi Y; Gu X; Nagata Y; Sasaki Y; Akiyoshi K; Sunamoto J; Nakamura H; Kuribayashi K; Shiku H; 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Mie University School of; Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
We have previously shown that a novel hydrophobized polysaccharide/oncoprotein complex vaccine can induce immune responses against the HER2/neu/c-erbB2 (HER2) expressing tumors. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs), as antigen presenting cells (APCs), are the first candidates for presentation of tumor antigens. T


HUB1 is an autoantigen frequently eliciting humoral immune response in patients with adult T cell leukemia.
Int J Oncol. 1999 Apr;14(4):703-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99189381
Itoh M; Watanabe M; Yamada Y; Furukawa K; Taniguchi M; Hata T; Schmitt M; Ikeda H; Yamaguchi M; Ohno T; Nakashima K; Shiku H; 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Mie University School of; Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
The immunological screening of a cDNA phage expression library prepared from an adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cell line, ST1, was performed with IgG class antibodies in the serum of an ATL patient by the SEREX method to analyze the repertoire of antigen molecules in ATL. Ten different cDNAs, 7 previously reported and 3


Treatment for common STDs may not always reduce the spread of HIV [news]
Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77(4):361. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259701
Shorter short-course treatment protects some infants from HIV [news]
Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77(4):362. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259703
AIDS as a lever for reducing inequality and increasing solidarity [letter]
Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77(4):364. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259705
Martin J
GATA-3 significantly downregulates IFN-gamma production from developing Th1 cells in addition to inducing IL-4 and IL-5 levels.
Clin Immunol. 1999 May;91(2):134-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99244828
Ferber IA; Lee HJ; Zonin F; Heath V; Mui A; Arai N; O'Garra A; Department of Immunobiology, DNAX Research Institute of Molecular; and Cellular Biology, 901 California Avenue, Palo Alto,; California 94304, USA.
IL-12 and IL-4 are dominant factors driving the development of Th1 and Th2 cells, respectively, by their activation of Stat-4 and Stat-6 signaling molecules. Activation of Stat factors, although specific, is a rapid event; however, differentiation of Th cells takes place over several days. Thus, it is unlikely that th


AIDS update 1999: viral reservoirs and immune-based therapies.
Cleve Clin J Med. 1999 May;66(5):267-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99261036
Isada CM; Calabrese LH; Department of Infectious Disease, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH; 44195, USA.
The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has brought about a dramatic decline in opportunistic infections, hospitalizations, and mortality in AIDS patients. However, the recent discovery that HIV can lay dormant in quiescent T cells and other tissues even in the face of HAART therapy has dampened opt


Clearance given for Panretin gel [news]
Oncologist. 1999;4(2):187. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99269684
Absence of significant Th2 response in diabetes-prone non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.
Clin Exp Immunol. 1999 May;116(2):225-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271048
Hartemann AH; Richard MF; Boitard C; U25 INSERM, Necker Hospital and U342 INSERM, Saint Vincent de; Paul Hospital, Paris, France.
Accumulating evidence suggests that Th1 T cells play a pivotal role in the development of autoimmune diabetes. Conversely, promoting a Th2 response inhibits disease progression. However, it has not been determined whether Th2 cells are regulatory T cells that fail at the time of diabetes development in naive non-diabe


Early reduction of the over-expression of CD40L, OX40 and Fas on T cells in HIV-1 infection during triple anti-retroviral therapy: possible implications for lymphocyte traffic and functional recovery.
Clin Exp Immunol. 1999 May;116(2):307-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271060
Sousa AE; Chaves AF; Doroana M; Antunes F; Victorino RM; Cellular Immunology Unit, Centre for Biology and Molecular; Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon, Portugal.
Fas, CD40L and OX40 are members of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily with critical roles in T cell activation and death, B cell function, dendritic cell maturation and leucocyte traffic regulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) on CD40L, OX40 a


Diminished IL-2 responses and alteration of CD2 expression on CD8+ T cells are associated with a lack of cytotoxic T cell responses during Theileria annulata infection.
Clin Exp Immunol. 1999 May;116(2):316-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271061
Nichani AK; Craigmile SC; Spooner RL; Campbell JD; Division of Molecular Biology, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh),; Roslin, UK.
Theileria annulata is a tick-borne protozoan parasite which causes the disease bovine tropical theileriosis. In immunized or drug-treated animals, the pathogenic macroschizont stage of the parasite is destroyed by MHC class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Here we show that although CD8+ T cells increase gr


Expression of mucosa-related integrin alphaEbeta7 on alveolar T cells in interstitial lung diseases.
Clin Exp Immunol. 1999 May;116(2):340-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271065
Lohmeyer J; Friedrich J; Grimminger F; Maus U; Tenter R; Morr H; Velcovsky HG; Seeger W; Rosseau S; Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University,; Giessen, Germany.
The expression of alphaEbeta7 integrin has been related to the selective retention of lymphocytes in mucosal tissues of gut, urogenital tract and lung. To identify potential disease-associated alphaEbeta7 expression patterns on cells accounting for lymphocytic alveolitis in interstitial lung disease (ILD), alphaE expr


Antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus disease: implications for critical care nursing.
Crit Care Nurse. 1998 Dec;18(6):54-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99104669
Ress BC; HIV Services, Fairmont Hospital, San Leandro, Calif., USA.
Genetic background determines the nature of immune responses and experimental immune-mediated blepharoconjunctivitis (EC).
Curr Eye Res. 1999 Feb;18(2):117-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99238171
Yoshida O; Yoshida H; Iwamoto H; Nishino K; Fukushima A; Ueno H; Department of Ophthalmology, Kochi Medical School, Japan.
PURPOSE: Experimental immune-mediated blepharoconjunctivitis (EC) was induced in Lewis rats by immunization with ovalbumin (OVA) in complete Freund s adjuvant (CFA) or aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)3]. To investigate the affect of genetic factors on the susceptibility of EC, we tested different strains of rats for the dev


Perioperative blood transfusions: indications and options.
Chest. 1999 May;115(5 Suppl):113S-121S. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99260186
McFarland JG; Blood Center of Southeastern Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53201-2178,; USA.
A reevaluation of the indications for and alternatives to transfusion of allogeneic blood was precipitated by transfusion-induced HIV. The transfusion trigger has shifted from an optimal hemoglobin level and hematocrit (10/30) to that level of hemoglobin necessary to meet the patient s tissue oxygen demands. This crit


T-cell insulitis found in anti-GAD65+ diabetes with residual beta-cell function. A case report [see comments]
Diabetes Care. 1999 Apr;22(4):615-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99205539
Shimada A; Imazu Y; Morinaga S; Funae O; Kasuga A; Atsumi Y; Matsuoka K; Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Central Hospital,; Tokyo, Japan. akirasmd@wa2.so-net.ne.jp
CASE HISTORY: We recently encountered a 65-year-old anti-GAD+ diabetic woman with residual beta-cell function who was proved to have T-cell insulitis. The proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ cells varied among individual islets, although CD4+ cells tended to be the predominant T-cell type in the islets examined. All of the is


Managing resistance to anti-HIV drugs: an important consideration for effective disease management.
Drugs. 1999 Mar;57(3):337-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99208030
Vandamme AM; Van Laethem K; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research and University Hospitals,; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.; annemie.vandamme@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
Current recommendations for the treatment of HIV-infected patients advise highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) consisting of combinations of 3 or more drugs to provide long-term clinical benefit. This is because only a complete suppression of virus replication will be able to prevent virus drug resistance, the


Fomivirsen.
Drugs. 1999 Mar;57(3):375-80; discussion 381. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99208032
Perry CM; Balfour JA; Adis International Limited, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, New Zealand.; demail@adis.co.nz
Fomivirsen (ISIS 2922) is an antisense oligonucleotide which specifically inhibits replication of human cytomegalovirus . It achieves this by binding to complementary sequences on messenger RNA transcribed from the major immediate-early transcriptional unit of the virus. It is being


Assessment of the bioavailability of PAHs in rats exposed to a polluted soil by natural routes: induction of EROD activity and DNA adducts and PAH burden in both liver and lung.
Environ Res. 1999 May;80(4):330-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99264497
Fouchecourt MO; Arnold M; Berny P; Videmann B; Rether B; Riviere JL; Unite associee de Toxicologie Metabolique et Ecotoxicologie; INRA-DGER, Marcy l'Etoile, 69280, France.
In order to assess bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in soils, male laboratory rats were exposed to litters of control and polluted soils. After 88+/-2 h of exposure, several biomarkers were measured in both liver and lung. When rats were exposed to SIV soil, contaminated by a mixture


Relationship between erythema of the proximal nailfold in HIV-infected patients and hepatitis C virus infection.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1998 Aug;17(8):596-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99010689
Courvoisier S; Grob H; Weisser M; Itin PH; Battegay M; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel,; Switzerland.
Cellular immune responses in mice infected with the intestinal nematode Trichuris muris.
Exp Parasitol. 1999 May;92(1):40-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99263457
Soltys J; Goyal PK; Wakelin D; Parasitological Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences,; Hlinkova, Kosice, Slovak Republic, 3, 040 01. uvsjs@montana.edu
CBA and B10.BR mice show variation in immune response to the intestinal nematode Trichuris muris. CBA mice develop strong resistance, eliminating worms from the intestine; B10BR mice are permissive and develop chronic infections. It is already known that resistance and permissiveness reflect differential T helper resp


CTAB-mediated enrichment for active forms of novel dimeric maxizymes.
FEBS Lett. 1999 Apr 1;448(1):67-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99231764
Nakayama A; Kuwabara T; Warashina M; Taira K; Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba; Science City, Japan.
We demonstrated previously that shortened forms of (stem II-deleted) hammerhead ribozymes with low intrinsic activity form very active dimers with a common stem II (very active short ribozymes capable of forming dimers were designated maxizymes). As a result of such a dimeric structure, heterodimeric maxizymes are pot


Octreotide in the treatment of refractory diarrhea.
Digestion. 1999;60 Suppl 2:42-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99225448
Fried M; Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Zurich,; Switzerland. gasfrc@usz.unizh.ch
Refractory chronic diarrhea that does not respond to specific antimicrobial therapy or standard unspecific medication may present a challenging and serious clinical problem. Octreotide is a candidate drug for the treatment of these patients as it inhibits gastrointestinal motility, pancreatic secretion and inhibits in


[Nine primitive reflexes in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Results of a case-control study]
Gac Med Mex. 1999 Mar-Apr;135(2):101-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259729
Tremont-Lukats IW; Teixeira GM; Hernandez DE; Departamento de Neurologia, Universidad de Wisconsin, Madison,; USA.
This study estimated the frequency and assessed the clinical value of nine primitive reflexes (PR) in 78 AIDS cases, comparing them with 81 matched, seronegative controls. All subjects were evaluated with a standardized neurologic examination that included a Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE). Fifty-six percent had cogniti


[Special "Dr. Ignacio Chavez" lecture. Health and human development]
Gac Med Mex. 1999 Mar-Apr;135(2):217-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259745
Soberon G
[Hepatitis B and HIV: the role of the family physician]
Fortschr Med. 1999 Apr 20;117(11):33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271277
Bucklitsch M; Lichte T
Issues in prison hospice: toward a model for the delivery of hospice care in a correctional setting.
Hosp J. 1998;13(4):57-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99099580
Maull FW; Hospice Program, U.S. Medical Center for Federal Prisoners,; Springfield, MO 65801-4000, USA.
This paper examines issues in prison hospice care based on the author s nine years experience as a prison hospice worker and trainer and on data gathered by the National Prison Hospice Association (NPHA) from a number of federal and state prison medical facilities with operational or developing hospice programs, inclu


Proceedings of the 2nd International Summit Meeting on Immunological Correlates of Protection from HIV Infection and Disease. Oxford, United Kingdom, 17-20 April 1998.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):1-228. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99279661
Detailed immunophenotype of CD8+ memory cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) against HIV-1 with respect to expression of CD45RA/RO, CD62L and CD28 antigens.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):105-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217691
Giorgi JV; Hausner MA; Hultin LE; UCLA School of Medicine and the multicenter AIDS Cohort Study,; Los Angeles, CA 90095-1745, USA. giorgi@mednet.ucla.edu
We have previously reported that circulating effector cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against HIV-1 express CD38 and HLA-DR activation antigens. In this study, we performed two series of FACS sorts to phenotype and characterize precursors of CTL effectors. First we looked at memory CTL activity against HIV-1 stimu


Subpopulations of peripheral blood dendritic cells show differential susceptibility to infection with a lymphotropic strain of HIV-1.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):111-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217692
Patterson S; Robinson SP; English NR; Knight SC; Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College School of; Medicine at Northwick Park, Institute for Medical Research,; Harrow, Middlesex, UK. s.patterson@ic.ac.uk
Blood dendritic cells (DC) express CD4 and are susceptible to HIV infection. By electron microscopy two morphologically distinct types of DC were identified in peripheral blood. Only one of these two types was susceptible to infection with a lymphotropic strain of HIV-1. By FACS two populations could be defined based


Rational reconstitution of the immune repertoire in AIDS with autologous, antigen-specific, in vitro-expanded CD4 lymphocytes.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):117-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217693
Manca F; Fenoglio D; Li Pira G; Gennari F; Del Pup L; Palu G; Unit of Retroviral Immunology, Advanced Biotechnology Centre,; Genoa, Italy. manca@sirio.cba.unige.it
HIV infection leads to decrease of CD4 lymphocytes. In particular, loss of CD4 cells specific for opportunistic pathogens results in active opportunistic infections, that are the chief cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has been shown to have dramatic effects in a l


Dendritic cells generated from blood monocytes of HIV-1 patients are not infected and act as competent antigen presenting cells eliciting potent T-cell responses.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):121-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217694
Sapp M; Engelmayer J; Larsson M; Granelli-Piperno A; Steinman R; Bhardwaj N; The Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, The; Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
The CTL response to HIV-I can be vigorous, but antigen presenting cell requirements have not been studied in detail. To approach this question, we have examined the dendritic cell populations that can be obtained from the blood of HIV-1 infected individuals. We studied 13 asymptomatic patients, who spanned a wide rang


Antigen presenting cell function in HIV-1 infected patients.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):129-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217695
Fidler SJ; Rees AD; Department Genito-Urinary Medicine and Communicable Diseases,; Imperial College, School of Medicine at St Mary's Hospital,; London, UK.
Antigen presenting cell (APC) function is central to the activation of anti-viral cytotoxic T-cells and antibody production. In previous studies we have evaluated APC function in HIV-1 infected patients as the capacity to present peptide to a well defined panel of CD4 T-cell clones. We found that APC from HIV-1 infect


Comparison of restimulation methods to elicit SIV specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) in vitro: Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) provides a novel method for the quantification of SIV specific CTL precursors.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):135-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217696
Kakimoto WM; Gettie A; Smith S; Donahoe SM; Jin X; Marx P; Connor R; Nixon DF; The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller; University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Most investigators believe that an effective HIV-1 vaccine will have to induce high levels of HIV-1 specific cytotoxic T-cells (CTL). The macaque SIV challenge/protection model system has been used to test candidate vaccines, but quantitative immunogenicity measurements are difficult due to technical limitations of th


Antibody neutralization of HIV-1 and the potential for vaccine design.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217697
Sattentau QJ; Moulard M; Brivet B; Botto F; Guillemot JC; Mondor I; Poignard P; Ugolini S
Neutralisation by antibody is, for a number of viruses, an in vitro correlate for protection in vivo. For HIV-1 this is controversial. However, the induction of a potent anti-HIV neutralising antibody response remains one of the principal goals in vaccine development. A greater knowledge of the fundamental mechanisms


Cellular immunity and target cell susceptibility in persons with repeated HIV-1 exposure.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):15-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217679
Akridge R; Hladik F; Markee J; Alef C; Kelley H; Collier A; Collier A; McElrath MJ; The Department of Laboratory Medicine, the University of; Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
We prospectively studied 37 HIV-1 uninfected persons engaging in repeated high risk sexual activity with an HIV-1 infected partner, as well as 18 of their infected partners. Only one subject (3%) demonstrated the homozygous 32-bp deletion delta32delta32 of the HIV-1 co-receptor CCR5. CD4+ cells from all high risk subj


Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by a soluble factor produced by CD8+ lymphocytes from HIV-2-infected baboons.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):151-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217698
Locher CP; Blackbourn DJ; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-1270, USA. locher@itsa.ucsf.edu
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-infected baboons (Papio cynocephalus) provide a valuable animal model for the study of acquired immunodefidency syndrome (AIDS) pathogenesis since many features of disease progression resemble HIV-1-infection of humans. In some HIV-2-infected baboons that are clinically heal


The implications of antigenic diversity for vaccine development.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):159-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217699
Zolla-Pazner S; Gomy MK; Nyambi PN; Research Center for AIDS and HIV Infection, New York Veterans; Affairs Medical Center, NY 10010, USA.; zollas01@mcrcr6.med.nyu.edu
The reactivity of human monoclonal and polyclonal anti-HIV-1 antibodies demonstrates that shared epitopes, including those that induce neutralizing antibodies, exist and are recognized by the human immune system. A priori, there is no reason why cross-clade neutralizing antibodies could not be induced by an appropriat


Live attenuated SIV--a model of a vaccine for AIDS.
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217700
Almond N; Stott J; Division of Retrovirology, National Institute for Biological; Standards & Control, Potters Bar, Herts., UK. nalmond@nibsc.ac.uk
The experimental infection of macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) has provided strong evidence that it may be possible to develop a vaccine against AIDS. Live attenuated SIV vaccines have been found to confer the most potent protection against challenge with a variety of pathogenic viruses. This article


CD8-suppressor factor and beta-chemokine function as a complementary mechanism to cognate immunity.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):171-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217701
Lehner T; Wang Y; Tao L; Bergmeier LA; Mitchell E; Doyle C; Department of Immunology, United Medical, School of Guy's; Hospital, London, UK. t.lehner@umds.ac.uk
Protection against SIV or HIV infection requires specific antibodies and T-cell immune responses. However, a complementary mechanism may be involved, in which CD8-suppressor factors (CD8-SF) and the constitutive beta-chemokines may prevent the virus binding and replicating. Indeed, there is evidence that targeted ilia


Pre-clinical development of a multi-CTL epitope-based DNA prime MVA boost vaccine for AIDS.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):177-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217702
Hanke T; McMichael A; Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, The John; Radcliffe Hospital, UK. hanke@molbiol.ox.ac.uk
Reliable and effective methods for induction of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) are constantly persued. Central to this search is work in animal models, which allow to test novel vaccine strategies and ultimately lead to a more efficient planning of clinical trials. Here, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine candi


Protection from pathogenic SIV challenge using multigenic DNA vaccines.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):183-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217703
Haigwood NL; Pierce CC; Robertson MN; Watson AJ; Montefiori DC; Rabin M; Lynch JB; Kuller L; Thompson J; Morton WR; Benveniste RE; Hu SL; Greenberg P; Mossman SP; Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, WA 98109, USA.; haigwood@u.washington.edu
To assess DNA immunization as a strategy for protecting against HIV infection in humans, we utilized SIVmne infection of Macaca fascicularis as a vaccine challenge model with moderate pathogenic potential. We compared the efficacy of DNA immunization alone and in combination with subunit protein boosts. All of the str


HIV-1 vaccine-induced immune responses which correlate with protection from SHIV infection: compiled preclinical efficacy data from trials with ten different HIV-1 vaccine candidates.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):189-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217704
Heeney J; Akerblom L; Barnett S; Bogers W; Davis D; Fuller D; Koopman G; Lehner T; Mooij P; Morein B; de Giuli Morghen C; Rosenwirth B; Verschoor E; Wagner R; Wolf H; Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre,; Rijswijk, The Netherlands. heeney@bprc.nl
The specific immune mechanisms necessary and/or sufficient to elicit HIV-vaccine protection remain undefined. Utilising the SHIV rhesus macaque model the immunogenicity as well as the efficacy of ten different HIV-1 vaccine candidates was evaluated. Comparison of the immune responses induced, with the ability of the v


'Naive' and 'memory' CD4+ T-cells and T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta repertoire dynamics are independent of the levels of viremia following HIV seroconversion.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):199-206. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217705
King DJ; Amjadi P; Tilling R; Kinloch-de-Loes S; Loveday C; Johnson MA; Janossy G; Tarragona A; Gotch F; Larsson-Sciard EL; Department of Immunology, ICSM, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital,; London, UK.
The progression of naive and memory T-cells and the T-cell receptor Vbeta (TCR Vbeta) repertoire dynamics within the peripheral CD4+ T-cell compartment were studied in individuals following HIV seroconversion. Profound TCR Vbeta repertoire perturbations were observed within the CD4+ T-cell pool in treatment-naive


Restoration of the immune system with anti-retroviral therapy.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):207-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217706
Autran B; Carcelaint G; Li TS; Gorochov G; Blanc C; Renaud M; Durali M; Mathez D; Calvez V; Leibowitch J; Katlama C; Debre P; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, UMR CNRS; 7627, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Clinical benefits of highly active anti-retroviral treatments (HAART) are increasingly evidenced by resolving opportunistic infections and malignancies, as well as declining hospitalization and mortality rates [1]. This suggests that potent and sustained suppression of viral replication, at least to some extent, is as


A role for mucosal immunity in resistance to HIV infection.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):21-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217680
Clerici M; Salvi A; Trabattoni D; Lo Caputo S; Semplici F; Biasin M; Ble C; Meacci F; Romeo C; Piconi S; Mazzotta F; Villa ML; Mazzoli S; Cattedra di Immunologia, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy.; mago@imiucca.csi.unimi.it
In a recent, thought-provoking novel by Elizabeth McCracken (The Giant s House. Avon Books, New York, 1997), two characters discuss love and its impossibilities. One brashly claims to be immune to love , explaining the concept to his perplexed interlocutor, ...people become immune to love like they become immune to


Antigen-specific T-lymphocyte proliferative responses during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) of HIV-1 infection.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):213-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217707
Pontesilli O; Kerkhof-Garde S; Pakker NG; Notermans DW; Roos MT; Klein MR; Danner SA; Miedema F; Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, University of Amsterdam,; The Netherlands. pontesilli@vira.fgg.eur.nl
To evaluate functional T-cell recovery during combination therapy with ritonavir , lamivudine ( 3TC ), and zidovudine (ZDV), peripheral


Molecular tracking of an Human Immunodeficiency Virus nef specific cytotoxic T-cell clone shows persistence of clone-specific T-cell receptor DNA but not mRNA following early combination antiretroviral therapy.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):219-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217708
Nixon DF; Douek D; Kuebler PJ; Jin X; Vesanen M; Bonhoeffer S; Cao Y; Koup RA; Ho DD; Markowitz M; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University,; New York, NY 10016, USA. dnixon@adarc.org
The mechanisms that lead to maintenance of an active effector cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response in Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection are not well understood. We have investigated the role of antigen in maintenance of an HIV-1 specific CTL response by studying a patient (313-7) whose antigenic stimulu


Resistance to HIV-1 infection among highly exposed sex workers in Nairobi: what mediates protection and why does it develop?
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):27-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217681
Plummer FA; Ball TB; Kimani J; Fowke KR; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.; plummer@form-net.com
Variability in susceptibility to infection and disease caused by infectious agents is a characteristic of all populations. Among susceptible individuals exposed to an infection, not all become infected and among infected individuals, not all develop disease. It seems logical that variability in susceptibility to infec


Control mechanisms of virus replication in naturally SIVsmm infected mangabeys and experimentally infected macaques.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):37-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217682
Villinger F; Brice GT; Mayne A; Bostik P; Ansari AA; Winship Cancer, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.; fvillin@emory.edu
As a close cousin to Asian macaques, the African sooty mangabey monkey, a species naturally infected with SIV without ever developing disease, represents an intriguing and thought provoking model for the study of lentiviral infection and disease development. Pursuant to our previous findings that documented the presen


Why are the natural hosts of SIV resistant to AIDS?
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):47-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217683
Norley S; Beer B; Holzammer S; zur Megede J; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Germany. norst@pei.de
An increasing number of African primate species have been shown to be infected in the wild with their own distinct variants of simian immunodeficiency virus. The most striking feature of these natural host systems is the lack of AIDS-like disease despite long-term infection. In the African green monkey (AGM)/SIVagm sy


Rapid and slow progressors differ by a single MHC class I haplotype in a family of MHC-defined rhesus macaques infected with SIV.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):53-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217684
Evans DT; Knapp LA; Jing P; Mitchen JL; Dykhuizen M; Montefiori DC; Pauza CD; Watkins DI; Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of; Wisconsin, Madison 53715, USA.
Highly polymorphic HLA class I molecules may influence rates of disease progression of HIV-infected individuals. Recent evidence suggests that individuals who mount vigorous CTL responses to multiple HIV-1 epitopes have reduced viral loads, and survive longer than individuals that make a less robust or less diverse CT


Differential cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses in HIV-1 immunised sibling chimpanzees with shared MHC haplotypes.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):61-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217685
Balla-Jhagjhoorsingh S; Mooij P; Koopman G; Haaksma T; Teeuwsen V; Heeney J; Bontrop R; Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre,; Rijswijk, Netherlands.
Cell mediated immune responses to HIV-1 and CTL responses in particular differ dramatically in infected individuals. This may largely be influenced by the immunogenetic differences of different individuals such as those encoded by the MHC. These differences may be difficult to dissect due to the immunosuppressive natu


HIV-1 infectability of CD4+ lymphocytes with relation to beta-chemokines and the CCR5 coreceptor.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):71-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217686
Paxton WA; Kang S; Liu R; Landau NR; Gingeras TR; Wu L; Mackay CR; Koup RA; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center,; University of Amsterdam, Netherlands. w.a.paxton@amc.uva.nl
CD4+ lymphocytes exhibit variable permissiveness to the replication of HIV-1. A cohort of sexually-exposed-yet-uninfected individuals were previously shown to have CD4+ lymphocytes refractory for M-tropic viral replication. In particular, two individuals from this population whose CD4+ lymphocytes exhibited complete r


Quantitation of antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):77-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217687
Ogg GS; McMichael AJ; Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford,; UK. gogg@worf.molbiol.ox.ac.uk
Enumeration of antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells has traditionally been largely dependent on the use of techniques that require a period of expansion in vitro. However the recent emergence of methods that can be used directly ex vivo to quantify antigen-specific CD8+ T cells has prompted a re-evaluation of the magnitude o


The role of HIV gp120 in the disruption of the immune system.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):81-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217688
Dalgleish AG; Marriott JB; Souberbielle B; Montesano C; Sheikh J; Sidebottom D; Westby M; Austen B; Department of Oncology, St. George's Hospital Medical School,; London, UK. dalgleis@sghms.ac.uk
The existence of HIV positive individuals who do not appear to progress to disease, or do so only very slowly (LTNPs), strongly suggest that factors other than virus pathogenicity determine disease. The occurence of HIV infected chimpanzees that remain disease free and other African SIV infected primates where disease


Characterization of HIV-1-specific T-helper cells in acute and chronic infection.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):89-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217689
Rosenberg ES; LaRosa L; Flynn T; Robbins G; Walker BD; Partners AIDS Research Center and Infectious Disease Unit,; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; 02114, USA.
HIV-1 infection is associated with progressive and relentless destruction of the immune system in the majority of infected persons, but some persons appear to be able to successfully contain the virus in the absence of antiviral therapy. Such cases suggest that the host immune response can successfully contain the vir


Broadly cross-reactive HIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in highly-exposed persistently seronegative donors.
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):9-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217678
Rowland-Jones SL; Dong T; Dorrell L; Ogg G; Hansasuta P; Krausa P; Kimani J; Sabally S; Ariyoshi K; Oyugi J; MacDonald KS; Bwayo J; Whittle H; Plummer FA; McMichael AJ; Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John; Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK. sarah.rowland-jones@ndm.ox.ac.uk
HIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) are believed to play a key part in the control of virus levels throughout HIV infection. An important goal of a potential prophylactic vaccine against HIV is therefore to elicit a strong CTL response which is broadly cross-reactive against a diverse range of HIV strains. We h


Apoptosis and the CD95 system in HIV disease: impact of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART).
Immunol Lett. 1999 Mar;66(1-3):97-103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99217690
Gougeon ML; Lecoeur H; Sasaki Y; Departement SIDA et Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; mlgougeo@pasteur.fr
Apoptosis markers and the rate of lymphocyte apoptosis were followed in the peripheral blood of HIV infected persons at various stages of disease. Our study suggests that the early increase in memory cells following therapy may also be due to a significant decrease in apoptosis in this subset. The intrinsic resistance


Increasing prevalence of dual HIV-1-2 infections among voluntary blood donors in Mumbai (Bombay).
Indian J Med Sci. 1998 Dec;52(12):548-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259777
Kamat HA; Banker DD; Koppikar GV; Department of Pathology, Sir Hurkisondas Nurrotumdas Hospital,; Mumbai.
Between 1993 and 1996, we carried out a serological screening for differentially identifying HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections among the high risk group persons admitted in the various wards of BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai, using the ImmunoComb kit. This study indicates that although HIV-1 is the predominant virus prevalent in


DNA aptamers selected against the HIV-1 trans-activation-responsive RNA element form RNA-DNA kissing complexes.
J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 30;274(18):12730-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99230299
Boiziau C; Dausse E; Yurchenko L; Toulme JJ; INSERM U 386, IFR Pathologies Infectieuses, Universite Victor; Segalen, 146 rue Leo Saignat, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
In vitro selection was performed in a DNA library, made of oligonucleotides with a 30-nucleotide random sequence, to identify ligands of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 trans-activation-responsive (TAR) RNA element. Aptamers, extracted after 15 rounds of selection-amplification, either from a classical library


Inhibition of Ets-1 DNA binding and ternary complex formation between Ets-1, NF-kappaB, and DNA by a designed DNA-binding ligand.
J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 30;274(18):12765-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99230304
Dickinson LA; Trauger JW; Baird EE; Dervan PB; Graves BJ; Gottesfeld JM; Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute,; La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Sequence-specific pyrrole-imidazole polyamides can be designed to interfere with transcription factor binding and to regulate gene expression, both in vitro and in living cells. Polyamides bound adjacent to the recognition sites for TBP, Ets-1, and LEF-1 in the human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1), long termin


Regulation of the human interleukin-5 promoter by Ets transcription factors. Ets1 and Ets2, but not Elf-1, cooperate with GATA3 and HTLV-I Tax1.
J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 30;274(18):12910-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99230324
Blumenthal SG; Aichele G; Wirth T; Czernilofsky AP; Nordheim A; Dittmer J; Institut fur Zellbiologie, Abteilung Molekularbiologie,; Universitat Tubingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tubingen,; Germany.
Interleukin-5 (IL-5), expressed primarily by type-2 T helper (Th2) cells, plays an important role in the development of allergic diseases, such as allergic asthma. Studying the regulation of IL-5 gene expression by Ets transcription factors, we found that Ets1 and Ets2, but not Elf-1, were able to activate the human I


Nuclear IkappaBbeta maintains persistent NF-kappaB activation in HIV-1-infected myeloid cells.
J Biol Chem. 1999 May 7;274(19):13010-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99240678
DeLuca C; Petropoulos L; Zmeureanu D; Hiscott J; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis; Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T; 1E2, Canada.
Monocytic cells exhibit constitutive NF-kappaB activation upon infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Because IkappaBbeta has been implicated in maintaining NF-kappaB.DNA binding, we sought to investigate whether IkappaBbeta was involved in maintaining persistent NF-kappaB activation in HIV-1-infected


Antibiotic troubleshooting in primary care.
Hosp Pract (Off Ed). 1999 May 15;34(5):95-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99271395
Czachor JS; Division of Infectious Diseases, Wright State University School; of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
Allergic reactions, adverse effects, and drug interactions are an inevitable part of antimicrobial prescribing. A working knowledge of these issues remains paramount, especially when administering such agents to patients who are pregnant, infected with HIV, or who have renal insufficiency. The discussion also includes


Roles of TH1 and TH2 cytokines in a murine model of allergic dermatitis.
J Clin Invest. 1999 Apr;103(8):1103-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99225524
Spergel JM; Mizoguchi E; Oettgen H; Bhan AK; Geha RS; Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical; School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Skin lesions in atopic dermatitis (AD) are characterized by hypertrophy of the dermis and epidermis, infiltration by T cells and eosinophils, and expression of the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-gamma. The role of these cytokines in the pathogenesis of AD is not known. We took advantage of a recently described murine m


Perforin-independent beta-cell destruction by diabetogenic CD8(+) T lymphocytes in transgenic nonobese diabetic mice.
J Clin Invest. 1999 Apr;103(8):1201-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99225535
Amrani A; Verdaguer J; Anderson B; Utsugi T; Bou S; Santamaria P; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of; Medicine, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N; 4N1.
Autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice results from destruction of pancreatic beta cells by T lymphocytes. It is believed that CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effect the initial beta-cell insult in diabetes, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Studies of NOD.lpr mice have suggested that disease initi


Distribution of 14 high risk HPV types in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia detected by a non-radioactive general primer PCR mediated enzyme immunoassay.
J Clin Pathol. 1999 Jan;52(1):17-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99275075
Nindl I; Lotz B; Kuhne-Heid R; Endisch U; Schneider A; Department of Gynaecology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena,; Germany. nindl@bach.med.uni-jena.de
AIM: To evaluate the presence of high risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) in cervical smears showing intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). METHODS: The presence of 14 high risk HPV was evaluated in 114 cervical smears with CIN of different degrees, by comparing a non-radioactive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enzyme immunoa


Infection by Rhodococcus equi in a patient with AIDS: histological appearance mimicking Whipple's disease and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection.
J Clin Pathol. 1999 Jan;52(1):68-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99275084
Hamrock D; Azmi FH; O'Donnell E; Gunning WT; Philips ER; Zaher A; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43614,; USA.
Rhodococcus equi pneumonia with systemic dissemination is being reported increasingly in immunocompromised patients. This is the first case report of disseminated R equi infection with biopsy documented involvement of the large intestine. The patient was a 46 year old male with AIDS who was diagnosed with cavitating p


Does valproate pose a threat to human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients? [letter]
J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1999 Apr;19(2):189-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99226908
Hardy MA; Nardacci D
Production of IL-4 and expression of CD40 ligand by human CD8 T cells.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 May;103(5 Pt 2):S405-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262577
Yanagihara Y; Kajiwara K; Koshio T; Basaki Y; Ikizawa K; Mori M; Akiyama K; Kawamura N; Sakiyama Y; Clinical Research Center for Allergy, National Sagamihara; Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan.
BACKGROUND: The role of CD8(+) T cells in IgE synthesis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate IL-4 production and CD40 ligand expression by human CD8(+) T cells. METHODS: We conducted functional and phenotypic analyses of human T cells in peritoneal washings from severe combined immunode


Characteristics of T-cell receptor Valpha24JalphaQ T cells, a human counterpart of murine NK1 T cells, from normal subjects.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 May;103(5 Pt 2):S445-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262582
Sakamoto A; Oishi Y; Kurasawa K; Kita Y; Saito Y; Iwamoto I; Department of Internal Medicine II, Chiba University School of; Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
BACKGROUND: In mice, natural killer (NK) T cells are specialized subsets of T cells that express an invariate T cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain and NK markers. In particular, murine NK1(+/-) T cells rapidly produce IL-4 and function as regulatory T cells. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the distribution of invariate TCR Va


Receptors and cytokines involved in allergic TH2 cell responses.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 May;103(5 Pt 2):S492-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99262588
de Vries JE; Carballido JM; Aversa G; Novartis Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
Cytokines produced by allergen-specific TH2 cells play a central role in the induction and maintenance of allergic responses. Therefore antagonizing TH2 differentiation and TH2 effector functions will provide an effective way to intervene in allergic diseases. This article discusses that antagonizing the effects of IL


[Images. Severe infections]
J Fr Ophtalmol. 1999 Mar;22(2):268. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99259337
HIV-1 Infection, Mucosal Immunity and Pathogenesis. Conference proceedings. Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 11-13 September 1997.
J Infect Dis. 1999 May;179 Suppl 3:S391-498. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99279667
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, mucosal immunity, and pathogenesis and extramural research programs at the National Institutes of Health.
J Infect Dis. 1999 May;179 Suppl 3:S392-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99201443
Kresina TF; Mathieson B; Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute; of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-6600, USA. tk13v@nih.gov
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, mucosal immunity, and pathogenesis: comments and conference summary.
J Infect Dis. 1999 May;179 Suppl 3:S397-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99201444
Wahl SM; Smith PD; Janoff EN; Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental; Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; smwahl@yoda.nidr.nih.gov
Studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mucosal viral shedding and transmission in Kenya.
J Infect Dis. 1999 May;179 Suppl 3:S401-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99201445
Overbaugh J; Kreiss J; Poss M; Lewis P; Mostad S; John G; Nduati R; Mbori-Ngacha D; Martin Jr H; Richardson B; Jackson S; Neilson J; Long EM; Panteleeff D; Welch M; Rakwar J; Jackson D; Chohan B; Lavreys L; Mandaliya K; Ndinya-Achola J; Bwayo J; Program in Molecular Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA. joverbau@fhcrc.org.; joverbau@fhcrc.org
If human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines are to be highly effective, it is essential to understand the virologic factors that contribute to HIV-1 transmission. It is likely that transmission is determined, in part, by the genotype or phenotype (or both) of infectious virus present in the index case, whi


Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through breast-feeding: how can it be prevented?
J Infect Dis. 1999 May;179 Suppl 3:S405-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99201446
Van de Perre P; Centre Muraz, Organisation de Coordination et de Cooperation pour; la Lutte contre les Grandes Endemies, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina; Faso. direction.muraz@fasonet.bf
One-third to two-thirds of maternal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection to breast-fed infants can be attributed to ingestion of breast milk. The presence of HIV-1 as cell-free and as cell-associated virus in milk has been documented. Several substances in breast milk may be protective


Oral transmission of primate lentiviruses.
J Infect Dis. 1999 May;179 Suppl 3:S408-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99201447
Ruprecht RM; Baba TW; Liska V; Ray NB; Martin LN; Murphey-Corb M; Rizvi TA; Bernacky BJ; Keeling ME; McClure HM; Andersen J; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115, USA. ruth_ruprecht@dfci.harvard.edu
Oral transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is well documented in children who become infected postnatally through breast milk. In contrast, epidemiologic surveys have yielded conflicting data regarding oral HIV-1 transmission among adults, even though case reports have described seroconversion an


T cell-tropic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and simian-human immunodeficiency viruses are readily transmitted by vaginal inoculation of rhesus macaques, and Langerhans' cells of the female genital tract are infected with SIV.
J Infect Dis. 1999 May;179 Suppl 3:S413-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/99201448
Miller CJ; Hu J; Virology and Immunology Unit, California Regional Primate; Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616,; USA. cjmiller@ucdavis.edu
Intravaginal inoculation with T cell-tropic molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) or simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) or some dual-tropic strains of SIV or SHIV produced systemic infection in rhesus macaques. Va