Role of viral infections in the induction of adverse drug reactions. NLM AIDSLINE Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1997. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

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Role of viral infections in the induction of adverse drug reactions.

Drug Saf. 1997 Jan;16(1):1-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97163885
Levy M; Department of Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Ein Karem,; Jerusalem, Israel.

Abstract: A spectrum of adverse drug reactions that are caused by the combined action of drugs and viruses has been described: ampicillin rash in acute infectious mononucleosis; Reye's syndrome; hypersensitivity reactions to sulphonamides in patients with HIV infection; drug-induced agranulocytosis; paracetamol acetaminophen) hepatotoxicity; aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid)-induced asthma; Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoma and methotrexate; and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma and nitrite use. Changes in pharmacokinetics have been reported for: caffeine, sulfamethoxazole and fluconazole in patients with HIV infection; theophylline, following influenza and influenza vaccination; and recently, dipyrone metabolites in carriers of the hepatitis B virus. In addition increased drug- and drug metabolite-related toxicity has been observed in virally infected cells. Pathogenetic mechanisms for the interaction between drugs and viruses are varied, and include biological mechanisms (often immunological) and changes in drug metabolism. The combined effects of chemical and biological exposure provide a unique model for the study of disease induction.
Keywords: *Drugs/ADVERSE EFFECTS *Virus Diseases/PHYSIOPATHOLOGYKWDdrugs/adverseeffectsKWDvirusdiseases/physiopathology
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