Cytokines acting on or secreted by macrophages during intracellular infection (IL-10, IL-12, IFN-gamma).

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1997. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Cytokines acting on or secreted by macrophages during intracellular infection (IL-10, IL-12, IFN-gamma).

Curr Opin Immunol. 1997 Feb;9(1):17-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97192250
Trinchieri G; The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 3601 Spruce Street,; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. trinchieri@wista.wistar.upenn.edu

Abstract: The three cytokines IL-12, IL-10, and IFN-gamma have important and cross-regulatory roles in infection. In the past year, much progress has been made in the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation (and cross-regulation) of these three cytokines and their role in pathology. IL-12 is rapidly produced after infection and acts as a proinflammatory cytokine eliciting the production, by T cells and natural killer cells, of IFN-gamma which activates phagocytic cells. The production of IL-12 is strictly regulated by negative and positive feedback mechanisms. If IL-12 and IL-12-induced IFN-gamma are present during early T cell expansion in response to antigen, Th1 cell generation is favored and the generation of Th2 cells is inhibited. Thus, IL-12 is also a potent immunoregulatory cytokine which promotes Th1 differentiation and is instrumental in the Th1-dependent resistance to infections by bacteria, intracellular parasites, fungi, and certain viruses. Viruses inducing a permanent or transient immunodepression, such as HIV and measles, may act, in part, by suppressing IL-12 production.

Keywords: *Cytokines/PHARMACOLOGY *Cytokines/SECRETION *Infection/IMMUNOLOGY *Infection/METABOLISM *Macrophages/SECRETION
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