Neurophysiological changes associated with psychiatric symptoms in HIV-infected individuals without AIDS.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1997. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Neurophysiological changes associated with psychiatric symptoms in HIV-infected individuals without AIDS.

Biol Psychiatry. 1997 Feb 15;41(4):474-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97187089
Baldeweg T; Catalan J; Pugh K; Gruzelier J; Lovett E; Scurlock H; Burgess A; Riccio M; Hawkins D; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Charing Cross & Westminster Medical; School, London, United Kingdom.

Abstract: HIV-1 infection may be complicated by a number of psychopathological conditions. While organic mental disorders, such as HIV-related psychosis and dementia, are late manifestations, mood disorders may occur during both asymptomatic and symptomatic stages of infection. The possible impact of brain involvement due to neurotropism of HIV-1 has not been investigated systematically in these latter conditions. The psychiatric caseness of HIV-seropositive individuals without AIDS and seronegative controls was assessed using a standardized clinical interview (Present State Examination). A comparison was made between individuals with and without psychiatric caseness using clinical, neuropsychological, and neurophysiological assessments. An increased prevalence of current psychiatric illness was found in subjects with early symptomatic HIV infection compared to those with asymptomatic infection and controls. This could not be attributed to psychiatric history, as well as to clinical and immunological markers of HIV infection, however, psychiatric caseness in early symptomatic infection was associated with marked neurophysiological changes, detectable by quantitative electroencephalography. Altogether, this study provided preliminary evidence that psychiatric symptoms in symptomatic but not asymptomatic HIV infection may be associated with subtle brain involvement preceding the immunological and neurocognitive impairment characteristic for AIDS.

Keywords: *Brain/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY *Electroencephalography *HIV Seropositivity/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY *Mental Disorders/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY
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