Interleukin-7 activates human naive CD4+ cells and primes for interleukin-4 production.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1997. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Interleukin-7 activates human naive CD4+ cells and primes for interleukin-4 production.

Eur J Immunol. 1997 Mar;27(3):633-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97234528
Webb LM; Foxwell BM; Feldmann M; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, London, GB.

Abstract: Interleukin (IL)-4 is considered to be essential for T helper Th)2 cell development, yet in areas of primary T cell activation, CD4+ cells are its only source. This implies that other signals must drive the initial expression of IL-4 production. The role of CD28 co-stimulation in Th2 subset development has been described. However, in mice deficient for CD28, Th2 responses are diminished, but not abrogated. Cytokines produced within the lymphoid tissue, e.g. IL-7, may be important in the primary activation of naive CD4+ cells. We have found that human naive CD4+ cells purified from umbilical cord blood express the IL-7 receptor and respond vigorously to IL-7 during primary stimulation. Naive CD4+ cells grown in IL-4, in the presence or absence of IL-2, fail to produce Th2 cytokines upon restimulation. In contrast, IL-7 induces development of a population of T cells that produce large amounts of IL-4. Growth in IL-7 also increases IL-2-induced production of interferon IFN)-gamma and IL-10 production. IL-7-induced IL-4 production is not inhibited by neutralizing antibodies to IL-4 on its receptor. This implies that IL-7 acts directly to induce Th2 subset development and not by up-regulating either production of IL-4 during culture or expression of the IL-4 receptor. Moreover, IL-7 potentiates the effects of CD28 co-stimulation on both naive CD4+ cell proliferation and subsequent IL-4 production. Following primary stimulation, CD4+ cells lose expression of the IL-7 receptor, resulting in IL-7 unresponsiveness. This work reveals a novel role for IL-7 in the primary activation of CD4+ cells. We propose that in conjunction with CD28 co-stimulation, IL-7 induces the initial expression of IL-4 production and that IL-4 acts subsequently to expand Th2 cytokine-producing cells at the appropriate anatomical site.

Keywords: *Antigens, CD28/PHYSIOLOGY *CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY *Interleukin-4/BIOSYNTHESIS *Interleukin-7/PHARMACOLOGY *Th2 Cells/IMMUNOLOGY
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