CD4-independent infection by HIV-2 is mediated by fusin/CXCR4.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1997. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

CD4-independent infection by HIV-2 is mediated by fusin/CXCR4.

Cell. 1996 Nov 15;87(4):745-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/97083584
Endres MJ; Clapham PR; Marsh M; Ahuja M; Turner JD; McKnight A; Thomas JF; Stoebenau-Haggarty B; Choe S; Vance PJ; Wells TN; Power CA; Sutterwala SS; Doms RW; Landau NR; Hoxie JA; Hematology-Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania,; Philadelphia 19104, USA.

Abstract: Several members of the chemokine receptor family have been shown to function in association with CD4 to permit HIV-1 entry and infection. However, the mechanism by which these molecules serve as CD4-associated cofactors is unclear. In the present report, we show that one member of this family, termed Fusin/ CXCR4, is able to function as an alternative receptor for some isolates of HIV-2 in the absence of CD4. This conclusion is supported by the finding that (1) CD4-independent infection by these viruses is inhibited by an anti-Fusin monoclonal antibody, (2) Fusin expression renders human and nonhuman CD4-negative cell lines sensitive to HIV-2-induced syncytium induction and/or infection, and (3) Fusin is selectively down-regulated from the cell surface following HIV-2 infection. The finding that one chemokine receptor can function as a primary viral receptor strongly suggests that the HIV envelope glycoprotein contains a binding site for these proteins and that differences in the affinity and/or the availability of this site can extend the host range of these viruses to include a number of CD4-negative cell types.

Keywords: Animal Antibodies, Monoclonal/PHARMACOLOGY Antigens, CD4/*METABOLISM B-Lymphocytes/VIROLOGY Base Sequence Cell Fusion/DRUG EFFECTS Comparative Study CHO Cells Down-Regulation (Physiology) Hamsters Human HIV-2/*GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT/GENETICS Lymphocytes/*VIROLOGY Membrane Proteins/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY/*METABOLISM Molecular Sequence Data Quail Receptors, HIV/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY/*METABOLISM Recombinant Proteins/METABOLISM Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. T-Lymphocytes/VIROLOGY Variation (Genetics) JOURNAL ARTICLE
970228
M9721904

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