Effect of cetirizine on the inflammatory cells in mosquito bites.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1997. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Effect of cetirizine on the inflammatory cells in mosquito bites.

Clin Exp Allergy. 1996 Jun;26(6):703-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96405288
Karppinen A; Rantala I; Vaalasti A; Palosuo T; Reunala T; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Tampere,; Finland.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mosquito bites frequently cause wealing and delayed papules which appear within a few hours after the bites and may persist for several days. Cetirizine is an effective drug against mosquito bites by decreasing wealing and also the size and pruritus of the delayed bite papules. OBJECTIVES: To characterize inflammatory cells in the delayed mosquito-bite lesions, and to study the effect of cetirizine on the inflammatory cell response. METHODS: Twenty-six mosquito-bite sensitive subjects received cetirizine 20 mg (14 subjects) or placebo (12 subjects) in a double-blind fashion. Aedes aegypti-bites were given on a forearm and serial punch biopsies were taken at 2-, 6- and 24h after the bite exposure. Eosinophils, neutrophils, mast cells, mononuclear cells and T- helper (CD4+) and suppressor (CD8+) lymphocytes were counted from dermal infiltrates. RESULTS: Eosinophils and neutrophils were found already in 2-h bite lesions. Moreover, the number of mononuclear and CD4+ cells increased significantly (P < 0.01) from 2- to 24-h bite lesions. Unexpectedly, the overall numbers of eosinophils (P < 0.05), mononuclear cells (P < 0.01) and CD4+ cells (P < 0.01) were significantly higher in the cetirizine-treated subjects compared with the placebo-treated subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the inflammatory cell response in the delayed mosquito-bite lesions is similar to that occurring in allergic late-phase responses, i.e. an early influx of eosinophils, neutrophils and subsequent accumalation of CD4+ lymphocytes. The reason for the high numbers of eosinophils and CD4+ cells in the cetirizine-treated subjects is not known.

Keywords: Adult Animal Cetirizine/*PHARMACOLOGY *Culicidae CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/DRUG EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/DRUG EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY Eosinophils/*DRUG EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY Female Human Insect Bites and Stings/*IMMUNOLOGY Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*DRUG EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY Lymphocytes/DRUG EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY Male Mast Cells/DRUG EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY Middle Age JOURNAL ARTICLE
970228
M9721148

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