1996

Pathologic quiz case 2. Bilateral herpes zoster oticus.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996 Feb;122(2):195, 197-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223616
Lee D; Belmont M; Lucente FE
[HIV infection with abdominal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as necrotizing pancreatitis]
Rofo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr. 1996 Jan;164(1):82-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228939
Stoll M; Prokop M; Bernhards J; Benter T; Schmidt RE; Abteilungen Klinische Immunologie, Medizinische Hochschule; Hannover.
CD4 Expression by erythroid precursor cells in human bone marrow.
Blood. 1996 Mar 15;87(6):2275-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203792
Cleveland RP; Liu YC; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School; of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109 USA.
Flow cytometry was used to assess CD4 expression in 62 consecutive bone marrow specimens from patients with a variety of clinical conditions. Using a lysed-whole-blood technique for labeling with monoclonal antibodies, two populations of CD4+ cells were identified within the lymphocyte/blast-cell fraction in 58 (94%)


Identification of complement activation sites in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 glycoprotein gp120.
Blood. 1996 Mar 15;87(6):2329-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203799
Susal C; Kirschfink M; Kropelin M; Daniel V; Opelz G; Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of; Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Recombinant glycoprotein 120 (rgp120) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) activates the human complement system in the absence of anti-gp120 antibodies. HIV-1 glycoprotein gp120 can dissociate from the viral envelope either spontaneously or after binding of HIV-1 to the CD4 molecule. As a consequence, gp120


Inhibition of CD4 cross-linking-induced lymphocytes apoptosis by vesnarinone as a novel immunomodulating agent: vesnarinone inhibits Fas expression and apoptosis by blocking cytokine secretion.
Blood. 1996 Mar 15;87(6):2361-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203800
Oyaizu N; McCloskey TW; Than S; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital-Cornell; University Medical College, New York, NY 11030, USA.
Evidence is accumulating that T cells from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals show accelerated cell death through apoptosis. We have recently demonstrated that the cross-linking of CD4 molecules (CD4XL) results in death of normal peripheral T cells through apoptosis and imbalanced cytokin


Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferations in severe combined immunodeficient mice transplanted with Hodgkin's disease lymph nodes: implications of EBV-positive bystander B lymphocytes rather than EBV-infected Reed-Sternberg cells.
Blood. 1996 Mar 15;87(6):2435-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203812
Meggetto F; Muller C; Henry S; Selves J; Mariame B; Brousset P; Saati TA; Delsol G; Department of Hematology, CHU-Purpan, Toulouse, France.
To establish an in vivo model for the study of Hodgkin s disease and Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells, 25 lymph node tissue samples involved by Hodgkin s disease were grafted into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Ten Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated tumors were obtained in SCID mice. EBV-positive tumors growi


Reticuloendothelial origin and metastasis of Kaposi's sarcoma: historical update on the literature [letter]
Blood. 1996 Mar 15;87(6):2605. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203834
Cottoni F
Flow cytometric analysis of lung lymphocytes in lung transplant recipients.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Mar;153(3):1041-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185410
Crim C; Keller CA; Dunphy CH; Maluf HM; Ohar JA; Division of Pulmonology and Pulmonary Occupational Medicine,; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University Health; Sciences Center, Missouri 63110-0250, USA.
Lung transplantation is an accepted therapeutic modality in end-stage lung disease. Presently, histologic examination of tissue by transbronchial biopsy remains as the definitive diagnostic procedure for determining rejection. To begin addressing the usefulness of flow cytometric analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage flu


Immune dysregulation in the aging human lung.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Mar;153(3):1072-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185414
Meyer KC; Ershler W; Rosenthal NS; Lu XG; Peterson K; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School,; Madison 53792-3240, USA.
Aging has been associated with diminished lung function and increased susceptibility to lung infection. To determine whether changes suggestive of immune dysregulation and inflammation appear in the lungs of clinically normal individuals as a function of advancing age, we performed bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on disc


We reap what we sow [editorial] [see comments]
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 May;153(5):1472-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210187
Sbarbaro JA
Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of nasal mucosal gamma delta T cells in allergic and infectious rhinitis.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 May;153(5):1655-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210216
Pawankar RU; Okuda M; Suzuki K; Okumura K; Ra C; Department of Otolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Japan.
T cells expressing the T-cell receptor (TCR) gamma delta home in on various epithelia and may play an important role in local immunity to foreign antigens. The nasal mucosa is a potential site for chronic inflammatory diseases, yet little is known about the characteristics of nasal mucosal gamma delta T cells. Using f


Relationship of isoniazid resistance to human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients with tuberculosis [see comments]
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 May;153(5):1708-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210224
Asch S; Knowles L; Rai A; Jones BE; Pogoda J; Barnes PF; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.
To investigate the relationship between isoniazid resistance and HIV infection in patients with tuberculosis, we evaluated data in the Los Angeles County tuberculosis registry on 1,506 patients for whom drug susceptibility results were available. Among 235 HIV-infected patients, isoniazid resistance was less common th


Clusters of lymphoma in ferrets.
Cancer Invest. 1996;14(3):225-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225465
Erdman SE; Kanki PJ; Moore FM; Brown SA; Kawasaki TA; Mikule KW; Travers KU; Badylak SF; Fox JG; Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of; Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
Cluster outbreaks of lymphoma and leukemia have been associated with viral infections in many species including humans, cattle, and cats. This study describes epidemiological, clinical, and pathological features of cluster outbreaks of lymphoma in multiferret households and examines and compares the Aleutian disease v


IL-12-deficient mice are defective in IFN gamma production and type 1 cytokine responses.
Immunity. 1996 May;4(5):471-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222810
Magram J; Connaughton SE; Warrier RR; Carvajal DM; Wu CY; Ferrante J; Stewart C; Sarmiento U; Faherty DA; Gately MK; Department of Biotechnology, Roche Institute of Molecular; Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, USA.
IL-12 is a cytokine that can exert regulatory effects on T and NK cells and promote Th1 responses. To delineate further the physiologic role of IL-12 in immunity, mice deficient for this cytokine were generated. IL-12-deficient mice were impaired but not completely lacking in the ability to produce IFN gamma following


AIDS: newer concepts in the immunopathogenic mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus disease.
Proc Assoc Am Physicians. 1995 Apr;107(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212056
Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892-2520, USA.
Combination antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection.
Proc Assoc Am Physicians. 1995 Apr;107(1):19-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212058
Wilson CC; Hirsch MS; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; 02114, USA.
AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma: a new perspective of its pathogenesis and treatment.
Proc Assoc Am Physicians. 1995 Apr;107(1):8-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212057
Ensoli B; Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255,; USA.
Prevalence of HIV in Quebec [letter; comment]
Can Med Assoc J. 1996 Feb 15;154(4):444, 446. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229934
Duval B; Cote L; Boulianne N; Guilbert E
Jehovah's Witnesses leading education drive as hospitals adjust to no blood requests.
Can Med Assoc J. 1996 Feb 15;154(4):557-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229949
Robb N
Jehovah s Witness representatives have visited more than 10 Canadian medical schools and 200 hospitals in an attempt to educate future and practising physicians about nonblood medicine. The trend is becoming more popular since the advent of HIV, and there are now about 100 bloodless medicine and surgery centres around


Centromeric instability of chromosome 1 resulting in multibranched chromosomes, telomeric fusions, and jumping translocations of 1q in a human immunodeficiency virus-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Cancer. 1995 Oct 1;76(7):1238-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223170
Sawyer JR; Swanson CM; Koller MA; North PE; Ross SW; Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical; Sciences, Little Rock, USA.
BACKGROUND. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin s lymphomas are associated with the B-cell chromosomal translocation t(8;14)(q24; q32). The most common secondary chromosome aberrations in these patients involve 1q and are believed to be associated with tumor progression. A mechanism for the origin o


The investigation of Epstein-Barr viral sequences in 41 cases of Burkitt's lymphoma from Egypt: epidemiologic correlations.
Cancer. 1995 Oct 1;76(7):1245-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223171
Anwar N; Kingma DW; Bloch AR; Mourad M; Raffeld M; Franklin J; Magrath I; el Bolkainy N; Jaffe ES; National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
BACKGROUND. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with many human neoplasms, including Burkitt s lymphoma (BL). Endemic BL in central Africa is more often EBV-associated than BL in the United States , where seroconversion for EBV occurs somewhat later than in Africa. Therefore, the EBV


Enhanced human lymphokine-activated killer cell function after brief exposure to granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor.
Cancer. 1995 Oct 1;76(7):1253-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223172
Baxevanis CN; Dedoussis GV; Papadopoulos NG; Missitzis I; Beroukas C; Stathopoulos GP; Papamichail M; Department of Immunology, Hellenic Anticancer Institute, Athens,; Greece.
BACKGROUND. Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell function can be generated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after brief exposure of high dose interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) over the course of 1 or 2 days culture in plain culture medium (IL-2-pulsed PBMC). The aim


High levels of AP-2-binding activity in cell lines infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type I: possible enhancement of AP-2 binding by human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax.
Cancer Res. 1996 Feb 15;56(4):779-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223686
Mori N; Prager D; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, University; of California-Los Angeles School of Medicine 90048, USA.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is the etiological agent for adult T-cell leukemia and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Recently, the transcription factor AP-2 has been demonstrated to be capable of activating gene expression from HTLV-I long terminal repeat. To determine whether


[Risk of HIV infection after needle injuries]
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1996 May 10;121(19):A14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233582
Weismann H
[Apoptosis of T-helper cells is massively increased in AIDS]
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1996 Jan 26;121(4):A14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223710
Weismann H
[HIV-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, primary pentamidine inhalation prophylaxis notwithstanding. Are there differences with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia without prophylaxis?]
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1996 Jan 26;121(4):83-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223711
Ewig S; Rockstroh JK; Schafer H; Leutner C; Pickenhain A; Luderitz B; Medizinische Universitatsklinik und Poliklinik sowie; Radiologische Universitatsklinik Bonn.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of pentamidine aerosol inhalation, known to be effective and well tolerated in the primary prevention of HIV-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), on the severity, on clinical and radiological findings and prognosis of break-through PCP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data were obtaine


Constitutive activation of NF-kappa B is essential for transformation of rat fibroblasts by the human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax protein.
EMBO J. 1996 Feb 15;15(4):873-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181365
Yamaoka S; Inoue H; Sakurai M; Sugiyama T; Hazama M; Yamada T; Hatanaka M; Department of Viral Oncology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto; University, Japan.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) encodes a 40 kDa trans-acting protein, Tax, that regulates transcription of both the proviral and cellular genes, and can transform rat fibroblasts. To determine the functional importance of its trans-acting capacities in cell transformation, we have examined two representat


Specific initiation and switch to elongation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription require the post-transcriptional modifications of primer tRNA3Lys.
EMBO J. 1996 Feb 15;15(4):917-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181369
Isel C; Lanchy JM; Le Grice SF; Ehresmann C; Ehresmann B; Marquet R; Unite Propre de Recherche 9002 du Centre National de la; Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France.
Initiation of RNA-dependent DNA synthesis by retroviral reverse transcriptases is generally considered as unspecific. In the case of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the natural primer is tRNA3Lys. We recently found evidence of complex interactions between tRNA3Lys and HIV-1 RNA that may be involved in the


Comparison of self-sustained sequence-replication reaction systems.
Eur J Biochem. 1996 Jan 15;235(1-2):256-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202944
Gebinoga M; Oehlenschlager F; Institute for Molecular Biotechnology, Jena, Germany.
The 3SR (self-sustained sequence-replication) reaction is a very efficient method for isothermal amplification of target DNA or RNA sequences in vitro. This method requires three enzymatic activities: reverse transcriptase, DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and Escherichia coli ribonuclease H. We have modified the original


HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections in subjects at risk for HIV-I infection from southeastern Italy (Apulia region).
Int J Cancer. 1996 Mar 15;65(6):746-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200256
Chironna M; Calabro ML; Quarto M; Germinario C; Fiore JR; Favero A; Potenza D; Chieco-Bianchi L; Barbuti S; Institute of Hygiene, University of Bari, Italy.
To assess the prevalence of HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections in different groups at risk for HIV-I infection, a study on 867 subjects was carried out by means of serological and PCR analyses. Serum specimens were collected from 268 intravenous drug users (IVDU), 66 homosexual men, 248 subjects with sexually transmitted d


Binding and functional effects of transcriptional factor Sp1 on the murine interleukin-6 promotor.
J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 29;271(13):7330-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205905
Kang SH; Brown DA; Kitajima I; Xu X; Heidenreich O; Gryaznov S; Nerenberg M; Lynx Therapeutics, Hayward, California 94545, USA.
The NF-kappaB and NF-IL6 elements have previously been shown to play an important role in regulation of both the mouse and human interleukin-6 gene. Between these two elements lies a G/C-rich sequence, which contains three repeats of the element CCACC, protein binding to which has not been previously characterized. In


A soluble active mutant of HIV-1 integrase: involvement of both the core and carboxyl-terminal domains in multimerization.
J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 29;271(13):7712-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205962
Jenkins TM; Engelman A; Ghirlando R; Craigie R; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0560, USA.
Structural studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase have been impeded by the low solubility of the protein. By systematic replacement of hydrophobic residues, we previously identified a single amino acid change (F185K) that dramatically improved the solubility of the catalytic domain of HIV-1 i


Programming the Rous sarcoma virus protease to cleave new substrate sequences.
J Biol Chem. 1996 May 3;271(18):10538-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209975
Ridky TW; Bizub-Bender D; Cameron CE; Weber IT; Wlodawer A; Copeland T; Skalka AM; Leis J; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University,; Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
The Rous sarcoma virus protease displays a high degree of specificity and catalyzes the cleavage of only a limited number of amino acid sequences. This specificity is governed by interactions between side chains of eight substrate amino acids and eight corresponding subsite pockets within the homodimeric enzyme. We ha


Unexpected nephropathy.
Hosp Pract (Off Ed). 1996 May 15;31(5):43-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222794
Gamouras G; Brown M; Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida; College of Medicine, Tampa, USA.
Lymphocyte traffic changes induced by monolateral vagal denervation in mouse thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs.
J Neuroimmunol. 1996 Feb;64(2):115-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182329
Antonica A; Ayroldi E; Magni F; Paolocci N; Istituto di Patologia Generale, Cattedra de Fisiologia Umana,; Universita de Perugia, Italy.
In this report we show that after monolateral vagal denervation (vagotomy), performed at the cervical level, a transient effect, lasting about 24h, was produced on lymphocyte release from mouse thymus to peripheral lymphoid organs (spleen and lymph nodes). Labelling thymocytes in situ with fluorescein isothiocyanate (


Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the rat is inhibited by aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase.
J Neuroimmunol. 1996 Feb;64(2):123-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182330
Zhao W; Tilton RG; Corbett JA; McDaniel ML; Misko TP; Williamson JR; Cross AH; Hickey WF; Department of Pathology, Dartmouth Medical School,; Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA.
This study assessed the role of de novo nitric oxide (NO) production in the pathogenesis of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) by using aminoguanidine (AG), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which preferentially inhibits the cytokine- and endotoxin-inducible isoform of NOS versus the constitutive


Lymphocyte counts of patients who have had skin cancer.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 May;34(5 Pt 1):772-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209190
Czarnecki D; Meehan CJ; McColl I; Kulinskaya E; Austin Repatriation Medical Centre, Heidelberg West, Australia.
BACKGROUND: Investigations of lymphocyte counts in patients with skin cancer have given conflicting results, possibly because homogeneous groups of patients were not studied. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to measure lymphocyte counts in patients with skin cancer to determine whether any abnormalities were associated with


Kaposi's sarcoma: advances and perspectives.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 May;34(5 Pt 1):804-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209196
Schwartz RA; New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103-2714, USA.
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is an unusual neoplasm that has proved to be an enigma in many ways since its original description by Kaposi in 1872. Its epidemiology has stimulated tremendous interest, amplified markedly in 1981 when it became known as an original defining part of the complex of immune disorders now known as A


Nurses' attitudes toward caring for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
J Prof Nurs. 1996 Mar-Apr;12(2):99-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204265
Baylor RA; McDaniel AM; Department of Nursing, Goshen College, IN 46526, USA.
The purpose of this study was to examine nurses attitudes toward caring for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and factors that might be related to these attitudes. One hundred thirty-eight (138) registered nurses responded to an anonymous mail survey. The survey instrument assessed the subjects


Intralesional vinblastine injections for the treatment of oral Kaposi's sarcoma: report of 10 patients with 2-year follow-up.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1996 May;54(5):583-7; discussion 588-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209026
McCormick SU; New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York 10003, USA.
PURPOSE: This study evaluated the use of intralesional vinblastine injections for the treatment of the intraoral lesions of Kaposi s sarcoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients were treated with up to three intralesional injections of 0.1 mg/cc vinblastine. RESULTS: All lesions responded to the local injections;


Necrotizing fasciitis of the cervical region in an AIDS patient: report of a case.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1996 May;54(5):638-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209037
Chidzonga MM; Department of Surgery, University of Zimbabwe, Medical School,; Avondale, Harare.
In vivo biodistribution, pharmacokinetic parameters, and brain uptake of 5-halo-y-methoxy(or ethoxy)-5,6-dihydro-3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine diastereomers as potential prodrugs of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine.
J Med Chem. 1996 Feb 16;39(4):826-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196372
Wang L; Morin KW; Kumar R; Cheraghali M; Todd KG; Baker GB; Knaus EE; Wiebe LI; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
A new class of 5-halo-6-alkoxy-5,6-dihydro-3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine diastereomers (5-x-6-OR -5,6-dihydro-AZTs; X = I, Br, Cl; R = Me, Et) were evaluated as potential anti-AIDS prodrugs of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythimidine (AZT). In vivo regeneration of AZT from these 5-X-6-OR-5,6-dihydro-AZTs was examined in Balb/c mice af


Synthesis, chromatographic resolution, and anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of (+/-)-calanolide A and its enantiomers.
J Med Chem. 1996 Mar 15;39(6):1303-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96251034
Flavin MT; Rizzo JD; Khilevich A; Kucherenko A; Sheinkman AK; Vilaychack V; Lin L; Chen W; Greenwood EM; Pengsuparp T; Pezzuto JM; Hughes SH; Flavin TM; Cibulski M; Boulanger WA; Shone RL; Xu ZQ; MediChem Research, Inc., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA.
The anti-HIV agent (+/-)-calanolide A (1) has been synthesized in a five-step approach starting with phloroglucinol [-->5-->6-->11-->18-->(+/-)-1], which includes Pechmann reaction, Friedel-Crafts acylation, chromenylation with 4,4-dimethoxy-2-methylbutan-2-ol, cyclization, and Luche reduction. Cyclization of chromene


Synthesis and antiviral activity of pyranosylphosphonic acid nucleotide analogues.
J Med Chem. 1996 Mar 15;39(6):1321-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96251036
Alexander P; Krishnamurthy VV; Prisbe EJ; Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California 94404, USA.
Pyranosyl nucleotide analogues have been designed so that the intramolecular base to phosphorus distance closely approximates that of natural nucleotides. This was achieved by attaching the phosphorus directly at the anomeric position and the base at the 4-position of the carbohydrate. A series of compounds incorporat


Thymopentin modulates Th1 and Th2 cytokine response and host survival in experimental injury.
J Surg Res. 1996 May;62(2):197-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96218794
Braga M; Gianotti L; Gentilini O; Fortis C; Consogno G; Di Carlo V; Department of Surgery, Raffaele Hospital, University of Milan,; Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of thymopentin (Thy) on mortality and in vivo cytokine release in an animal model of gut-derived sepsis which includes different combinations of allogeneic blood transfusion (T) and burn injury plus bacterial gavage (BG). DESIGN: Randomly controlled experiments. MATERIAL: Two hundr


Expression of Id2 and Id3 mRNA in human lymphocytes.
Leuk Res. 1995 Dec;19(12):989-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226053
Ishiguro A; Spirin K; Shiohara M; Tobler A; Norton JD; Rigolet M; Shimbo T; Koeffler HP; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School; of Medicine 90048, USA.
Helix-loop-helix (HLH) transcription factors are involved in cellular growth and differentiation. The Id (inhibitor of DNA binding and differentiation) HLH proteins, in a dominantly negative fashion, regulate transcriptional activities of basic HLH proteins. We examined by northern hybridization the expression of Id2


The severity classification system for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome hospitalizations. Association with survival after discharge and inpatient resource use.
Med Care. 1996 Feb;34(2):178-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223903
Friedman LA; Hidalgo J; Bartnyska LM; Turner BJ; Center for AIDS Services Planning, Maryland Department of Health; and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore, USA.
The Severity Classification for AIDS Hospitalizations (SCAH) was applied to a longitudinal person-based data set of Maryland adult residents diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) between 1983 and 1989 to predict long-term survival. In contrast to other AIDS severity measures, SCAH can be applied to


Simplified hot start PCR.
Nature. 1996 May 30;381(6581):445-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217918
Birch DE
Japanese minister takes pay cut to atone for HIV contamination [news]
Nature. 1996 Jun 6;381(6582):460. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96232397
Managing body-substance exposures.
Nursing. 1996 Jan;26(1):26-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96227023
Garb JR
TATA-dependent repression of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 transcription by the adenovirus E1A 243R oncoprotein.
Oncogene. 1996 Feb 15;12(4):819-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197762
Tsang SX; Morris GF; Lu M; Morris CB; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane Cancer; Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
Human adenovirus E1A oncoprotein activates or represses transcription from a variety of viral and cellular promoters by several complex mechanisms. The E1A products, 289R and 243R, have differential effects on transcription directed by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR). Previou


Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection despite prior immunization with a recombinant envelope vaccine regimen.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):3972-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210576
McElrath MJ; Corey L; Greenberg PD; Matthews TJ; Montefiori DC; Rowen L; Hood L; Mullins JI; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle 98195, USA.
With efforts underway to develop a preventive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine, it remains unclear which immune responses are sufficient to protect against infection and whether prior HIV-1 immunity can alter the subsequent course of HIV-1 infection. We investigated these issues in the context of a


Immunologic basis of transplant-associated arteriosclerosis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4051-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210591
Shi C; Lee WS; He Q; Zhang D; Fletcher DL Jr; Newell JB; Haber E; Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, Harvard School of Public; Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Although immunosuppressive therapy minimizes the risk of graft failure due to acute rejection, transplant-associated arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries remains a significant obstacle to the long-term survival of heart transplant recipients. The participation of specific inflammatory cell types in the genesis of


Foamy virus reverse transcriptase is expressed independently from the Gag protein.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4137-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210606
Enssle J; Jordan I; Mauer B; Rethwilm A; Institut fur Virologie und Immunbiologie, Wurzburg, Germany.
In the foamy virus (FV) subgroup of retroviruses the pol genes are located in the +1 reading frame relative to the gag genes and possess potential ATG initiation codons in their 5 regions. This genome organization suggests either a + 1 ribosomal frameshift to generate a Gag-Pol fusion protein, similar to all other re


Prolactin increases CD4/CD8 cell ratio in thymus-grafted congenitally athymic nude mice.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4165-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210611
Gaufo GO; Diamond MC; Group in Endocrinology, University of California, Berkeley; 94720-3140, USA.
One distinctive effect on T-cell development was analyzed by selectively increasing serum prolactin (PRL) concentration in thymus-grafted congenitally athymic nude mice and by neutralizing PRL in suspension cultures of thymus from 1-day-old neonatal mice. Flow cytometric analysis of single-positive CD4+ and CD8+ cells


Plasmoviruses: nonviral/viral vectors for gene therapy.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4175-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210613
Noguiez-Hellin P; Meur MR; Salzmann JL; Klatzmann D; Genopoietic, Paris, France.
We have generated a chimeric gene transfer vector that combines the simplicity of plasmids with the infectivity and long-term expression of retroviruses. We replaced the env gene of a Moloney murine leukemia virus-derived provirus by a foreign gene, generating a plasmid that upon transfer to tumor cells generates noni


Stable triple helices formed by oligonucleotide N3'-->P5' phosphoramidates inhibit transcription elongation.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4365-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210649
Escude C; Giovannangeli C; Sun JS; Lloyd DH; Chen JK; Gryaznov SM; Garestier T; Helene C; Laboratoire de Biophysique, Museum National d'Histoire; Naturelle, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche; Medicale, Paris, France.
Oligonucleotide analogs with N3 -->P5 phosphoramidate linkages bind to the major groove of double-helical DNA at specific oligopurine.oligopyrimidine sequences. These triple-helical complexes are much more stable than those formed by oligonucleotides with natural phosphodiester linkages. Oligonucleotide phosphoramida


Kinetics of cytokine expression during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4386-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210653
Graziosi C; Gantt KR; Vaccarezza M; Demarest JF; Daucher M; Saag MS; Shaw GM; Quinn TC; Cohen OJ; Welbon CC; Pantaleo G; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892-1876, USA.
In the present study, we have determined the kinetics of constitutive expression of a panel of cytokines [interleukin (IL) 2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)] in sequential peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from nine individuals with primary human im


Viral dynamics in hepatitis B virus infection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4398-402. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210655
Nowak MA; Bonhoeffer S; Hill AM; Boehme R; Thomas HC; McDade H; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom;
Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections with the reverse transcriptase inhibitor lamivudine leads to a rapid decline in plasma viremia and provides estimates for crucial kinetic constants of HBV replication. We find that in persistently infected patients, HBV particles are cleared from the plasma with


Synthesis and targeted delivery of an azidothymidine homodinucleotide conferring protection to macrophages against retroviral infection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4403-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210656
Magnani M; Casabianca A; Fraternale A; Brandi G; Gessani S; Williams R; Giovine M; Damonte G; De Flora A; Benatti U; Institute of Biochemistry Giorgio Fomaini, Urbino, Italy.
The infectivity and replication of human (HIV-1), feline (FIV), and murine (LP-BM5) immunodeficiency viruses are all inhibited by several nucleoside analogues after intracellular conversion to their triphosphorylated derivatives. At the cellular level, the main problems in the use of these drugs concern their limited


Nuclear export of late HIV-1 mRNAs occurs via a cellular protein export pathway.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4421-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210659
Fridell RA; Bogerd HP; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, NC 27710, USA.
The Rev protein of HIV-1 is essential for the nuclear export of incompletely spliced viral mRNAs. This action depends on the mutationally defined Rev activation domain, which both binds the nucleoporin-like human cellular cofactor Rab/hRIP and also functions as a nuclear export signal. Protein kinase inhibitor alpha (


Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2-mediated inhibition of HIV type 1: a new approach to gene therapy of HIV-infection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30;93(9):4486-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210671
Arya SK; Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4255, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2, the second AIDS-associated human retrovirus, differs from HIV-1 in its natural history, infectivity, and pathogenicity, as well as in details of its genomic structure and molecular behavior. We report here that HIV-2 inhibits the replication of HIV-1 at the molecular level. T


HIV arthritis.
Radiol Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;34(2):450-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221223
Eustace SJ; Lan HH; Katz J; Aliabadi P; Department of Radiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology Section,; Boston University Medical Center and Boston City Hospital,; Massachusetts, USA.
Lymphocyte subset composition in peripheral blood from normal subjects may be influenced by both spleen size and plasma norepinephrine.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1995 Nov;55(7):643-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187513
Knudsen JH; Court-Payen M; Kjaersgaard E; Christensen NJ; Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, University of; Copenhagen, Herlev Hospital, Denmark.
The aim of the present study was twofold: (a) to confirm a previously observed negative relationship between plasma catecholamines and the percentage of natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood from resting human subjects, and (b) to examine the relationship between the size of the spleen and the composition of c


Intranasal inoculation of Bordetella bronchiseptica in mice induces long-lasting antibody and T-cell mediated immune responses.
Scand J Immunol. 1996 Feb;43(2):181-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228950
Gueirard P; Minoprio P; Guiso N; Laboratoire des Bordetella, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Humoral and cellular immune responses were analysed in mice inoculated intranasally with Bordetella bronchiseptica. After infection, the number of bacteria that colonized the respiratory tract of the mice increased during the first day and decreased thereafter. Total IgG levels increased as early as 14 days after infe


Long-lasting immune response induced by recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) secretion system.
Scand J Immunol. 1996 Feb;43(2):202-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228952
Wada N; Ohara N; Kameoka M; Nishino Y; Matsumoto S; Nishiyama T; Naito M; Yukitake H; Okada Y; Ikuta K; Yamada T; School of Dentistry, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Japan.
The recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guerin (rBCG) secretion system utilizing an extracellular alpha antigen of Mycobacterium kansasii (alpha-K) was characterized biochemically and immunologically. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p17gag B cell epitope fused to alpha-K was secreted in extremely large amoun


Enhanced T lymphocyte expression of LFA-1, ICAM-1, and the TNF receptor family member OX40 in HgCl2-induced systemic autoimmunity.
Scand J Immunol. 1996 May;43(5):507-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233691
Roos A; Claessen N; Weening JJ; Aten J; Department of Pathology, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
Injection of mercuric chloride into Brown Norway (BN) rats induces a T lymphocyte-dependent autoimmune syndrome. In order to investigate whether modification of adhesion and costimulatory molecules on T lymphocytes may be involved in early T lymphocyte activation by HgCl2, the auth


In vivo activation of T-cell induction into the primed phenotype and programmed cell death by staphylococcal enterotoxin B.
Scand J Immunol. 1996 May;43(5):545-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233696
Aroeira LS; Moreno MC; Martinez C; Department of Immunology and Oncology, Universidad Autonoma de; Madrid, Spain.
The authors demonstrate that SEB immunization activates V beta 8+ T cells and induces the acquisition of the primed phenotype as defined previously by low MEL-14 and high Pgp-1 expression. SEB-activated spleen CD4+ and CD8V beta 8+ T cells have different population dynamics and regulate the expression of MEL-14 and Pg


Characterization of autoantibodies to natural killer cells in HIV-infected patients.
Scand J Immunol. 1996 May;43(5):583-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233701
Muller C; Szangolies M; Kukel S; Kiehl M; Sorice M; Griggi T; Lenti L; Bauer R; University of Bonn, Department of Dermatology, Germany.
Natural killer (NK) cells in HIV-infected patients have a reduced ability to generate non-MHC restricted cytotoxicity to a variety of target cells. The authors investigated antibodies to NK cells in HIV-infected patients and evaluated effects of these antibodies to NK cell numbers and function. Antibodies to NK cells


Different percentages of peripheral blood gamma delta + T cells in healthy individuals from different areas of the world.
Scand J Immunol. 1996 May;43(5):593-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233702
Esin S; Shigematsu M; Nagai S; Eklund A; Wigzell H; Grunewald J; Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institute,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The frequency of gamma delta + T cells in the peripheral blood of 26 Turkish, 24 Swedish, 35 Japanese and 14 Asian (non-Japanese) healthy blood donors and healthy volunteers were investigated by flow cytometry. In the Turkish group, 9.3% (median value) of the CD3+ peripheral blood T cells expressed the gamma delta T


Immunological tolerance [letter]
Science. 1996 Jun 7;272(5267):1408. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234293
Blumberg N; Heal JM
SIV data raise concern on oral-sex risk [news; comment]
Science. 1996 Jun 7;272(5267):1421-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234298
Cohen J
Infection and AIDS in adult macaques after nontraumatic oral exposure to cell-free SIV [see comments]
Science. 1996 Jun 7;272(5267):1486-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234312
Baba TW; Trichel AM; An L; Liska V; Martin LN; Murphey-Corb M; Ruprecht RM; Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Tufts; University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Unprotected receptive anal intercourse is a well-recognized risk factor for infection with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1). Isolated human case reports have implicated HIV-1 transmission by oral-genital exposure. Adult macaques exposed nontraumatically to cell-free simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) throu


[Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I and T-cell lymphoma]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1996 Jan 20;116(2):238-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229836
Loraas A; Lote K; Samdal HH; Beiske K; Langholm R; Onkologisk avdeling Det Norske Radiumhospital, Oslo.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I is an oncogenic retrovirus, endemic in Southwestern Japan , the Caribbean, some parts of Africa and Central and South America. The virus is etiologically associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and a myelopathy called tropical spastic par


Renal allograft rejection--in situ demonstration of cytotoxic intratubular cells.
Transplantation. 1996 May 27;61(10):1546-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224215
Robertson H; Wheeler J; Kirby JA; Morley AR; Department of Microbiology, The Medical School, University of; Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
A nonisotopic in situ hybridization method to detect perforin mRNA was developed in cytospin preparations of IL-2-stimulated normal human lymphocytes and applied to formalin-fixed acutely rejected renal transplant material. Individual cells expressing perforin mRNA were localized in severely damaged tubular areas, and


Pancreaticobiliary manifestations of AIDS.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996 Jun;166(6):1269-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222683
Miller FH; Gore RM; Nemcek AA Jr; Fitzgerald SW; Department of Radiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital,; Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
The pancreas and the biliary tract are frequent sites of infectious, Inflammatory, and neoplastic disease in patients with HIV infection. However, the symptoms of pancreaticobiliary involvement may be relatively mild so that the prevalence of these disorders is probably underestimated. An appreciation of the imaging f


Giant ulcers in the ileum and colon caused by cytomegalovirus in patients with AIDS.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996 Jun;166(6):1275-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222684
Balthazar EJ; Martino JM; Department of Radiology, New York University Tisch Medical; Center, NY 10016, USA.
Toxoplasmosis of the corpus callosum: another butterfly.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996 Jun;166(6):1280-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222686
Lee HJ; Williams R; Kalnin A; Wolansky L; Department of Radiology, University Hospital, University of; Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School,; Newark 07103, USA.
Isolated renal mucormycosis in two patients with AIDS.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996 Jun;166(6):1282-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222687
Pastor-Pons E; Martinez-Leon MI; Alvarez-Bustos G; Nogales-Cerrato J; Gomez-Pardal A; Ibanez-Martinez J; Radiology Department, Hospital Reginal Carlos Haya, Malaga,; Spain.
Primary esophageal lymphoma in AIDS presenting as a nonhealing esophageal ulcer.
Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Mar;91(3):602-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209603
Chow DC; B1eikh SH; Eickhoff L; Soloway GN; Saul Z; Yale Affiliated Gastrointestinal Program, Department of Medicine,; Bridgeport Hospital, Connecticut USA.
Risk factors for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Feb 15;143(4):374-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225621
Armenian HK; Hoover DR; Rubb S; Metz S; Martinez-Maza O; Chmiel J; Kingsley L; Saah A; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
The possibility that an agent in addition to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may contribute to the etiology of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was studied using participants from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) of hom


Predictors of mortality in the Amsterdam cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative drug users.
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Feb 15;143(4):380-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225622
van Haastrecht HJ; van Ameijden EJ; van den Hoek JA; Mientjes GH; Bax JS; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Department of Public Health and; Environment, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and other risk factors on mortality was studied in a cohort of Dutch injection drug users and drug users who did not inject. Participants were recruited between 1985 and 1992 and followed up through 1993. Vital status was ascertained through repeat visit infor


Mechanism and rate of placental transfer of zalcitabine (2',3'-dideoxycytidine) in Macaca nemestrina.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Mar;174(3):856-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203540
Tuntland T; Nosbisch C; Baughman WL; Massarella J; Unadkat JD; Department of Pharamceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195-7610, USA.
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether the ant-human immunodeficiency virus drug zalcitabine (2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine) is actively transferred across the placenta in the near-term Macaca nemestrina. STUDY DESIGN: Constant rate infusions of zalcitabine (1.31 microg/min/kg) and antipyrine (66.7 microg/min/kg) wer


Amphetamine use: return of an old scourge in a consultation psychiatry setting.
Am J Psychiatry. 1996 Jun;153(6):789-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233480
Baberg HT; Nelesen RA; Dimsdale JE; Department of Medical Psychology, University of Bochum, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: Recreational use of amphetamine and its analogues has increased considerably during the last decade. The aim of this study was to determine possible demographic characteristics of amphetamine users and nonusers who were seen in psychiatric consultations on inpatient medical and surgery wards. METHOD: The au


Injection drug use and risk of HIV transmission among homeless men with mental illness.
Am J Psychiatry. 1996 Jun;153(6):794-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233481
Susser E; Miller M; Valencia E; Colson P; Roche B; Conover S; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State; Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032, USA.
OBJECTIVE: The high seroprevalence of HIV that has been reported among homeless individuals with mental illness indicates an urgent need to examine HIV risk behavior in this population. METHOD: Injection drug use and sexual behavior were assessed in comprehensive interviews with 218 homeless mentally ill men in a New


Nevirapine, zidovudine, and didanosine compared with zidovudine and didanosine in patients with HIV-1 infection. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 241 Investigators.
Ann Intern Med. 1996 Jun 15;124(12):1019-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233410
D'Aquila RT; Hughes MD; Johnson VA; Fischl MA; Sommadossi JP; Liou SH; Timpone J; Myers M; Basgoz N; Niu M; Hirsch MS; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,; Charlestown 02129, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To study the addition of a third human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase inhibitor, nevirapine , to the combination of zidovudine and didanosine. DESIGN: A 48-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial


Survival in HIV-infected patients who have received zidovudine: comparison of combination therapy with sequential monotherapy and continued zidovudine monotherapy. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Group.
Ann Intern Med. 1996 Jun 15;124(12):1031-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233411
Graham NM; Hoover DR; Park LP; Stein DS; Phair JP; Mellors JW; Detels R; Saah AJ; Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
BACKGROUND: Among patients who begin receiving zidovudine during intermediate-stage human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, it is unclear whether changing to combination therapy (adding didanosine or zalcitabine) or sequential monotherapy (changing to didanosine


The effect of high-dose saquinavir on viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients [see comments]
Ann Intern Med. 1996 Jun 15;124(12):1039-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233412
Schapiro JM; Winters MA; Stewart F; Efron B; Norris J; Kozal MJ; Merigan TC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of; Medicine, CA 94305-5107, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-dose therapy with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor saquinavir and to establish the duration of the effect of this therapy. DESIGN: Open-label study. SETTING: Clinical research referral center. PATIENTS: 40 adults with human immunodeficienc


Protease inhibitors for HIV infection [editorial; comment]
Ann Intern Med. 1996 Jun 15;124(12):1086-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233419
Bartlett JG
Colonic bacillary angiomatosis.
Ann Intern Med. 1996 Apr 15;124(8):735-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213854
Huh YB; Rose S; Schoen RE; Hunt S; Whitcomb DC; Finkelstein S; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
Plasma cytokines, cytokine antagonists, and disease progression in African women infected with HIV-1.
Ann Intern Med. 1996 Apr 15;124(8):757-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213858
Thea DM; Porat R; Nagimbi K; Baangi M; St. Louis ME; Kaplan G; Dinarello CA; Keusch GT; New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the relation of circulating cytokines and cytokine antagonists to the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING: An ambulatory acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) research clinic in Kinshasa,


Nurse caring behaviors for persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus.
Appl Nurs Res. 1996 Feb;9(1):18-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204217
Mullins IL; Auburn University School of Nursing, AL 36849, USA.
The purpose of this study was to identify nurse caring behaviors desired by patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive. Forty-six adults with either a diagnosis of AIDS or HIV-seropositive participated in the study. Subjects indicated treat me as an indiv


The human immunodeficiency virus and nephrology nursing: implications for infected clients.
ANNA J. 1995 Dec;22(6):557-62, 617. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96232013
Bradley-Springer L
HIV infection is a chronic disease that can occur in conjunction with a variety of renal problems. When it does, nephrology nursing care is complicated by the interactive nature of dealing with two complex disease processes. Nephrology nurses already possess the skills needed to deal with this complexity, but may need


Personality disorders predict onset of Axis I disorders and impaired functioning among homosexual men with and at risk of HIV infection.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996 Apr;53(4):350-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219935
Johnson JG; Williams JB; Goetz RR; Rabkin JG; Remien RH; Lipsitz JD; Gorman JM; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USA.
BACKGROUND: A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate whether personality disorders (PDs) increase risk for the development of future Axis I disorders and serious functional impairment among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and HIV-seronegative homosexual men. METHOD: Baseline assessments of PDs


Envelope gene sequences of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in Taiwan.
Arch Virol. 1996;141(2):219-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195251
Lin MT; Chen YC; Chen PJ; Yang YC; Tang JL; Wu JM; Chuang SE; Yang CS; Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei.
Three major types of HTLV-1 had been proposed, the Melanesian type, the Zairian type, and the cosmopolitan type, which was further divided into subtypes A, B and C, according to the phylogenetic tree constructed from LTR sequences of current HTLV-isolates. In this study, the envelope gene sequences of HTLV-1 from 9 Ta


Sensitivity of HIV-1 to neutralization by antibodies against O-linked carbohydrate epitopes despite deletion of O-glycosylation signals in the V3 loop.
Arch Virol. 1996;141(2):291-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195257
Hansen JE; Jansson B; Gram GJ; Clausen H; Nielsen JO; Olofsson S; Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre,; Denmark.
It has been suggested that threonine or serine residues in the V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 are glycosylated with the short-chain O-linked oligosaccharides Tn or sialosyl-Tn that function as epitopes for broadly neutralizing carbohydrate specific antibodies. In this study we examined whether mutation of such threonine or se


Human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II infections in patients with leukaemia/lymphoma and in subjects with sexually transmitted diseases in Nigeria.
Arch Virol. 1996;141(2):345-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195261
Olaleye OD; Ekweozor CC; Li ZL; Opala IE; Sheng Z; Onyemenem TN; Rasheed S; Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University College; Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Serological assays that distinguish antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests were used to investigate association of these two human retroviruses with several well-defined clinical conditions in Nig


The therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides.
Bioessays. 1995 Dec;17(12):1055-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96112767
Sharma HW; Narayanan R; Division of Oncology, Roche Research Center, Hoffmann-La Roche; Inc., Nutley, NJ 07110, USA.
Specific inhibition of gene expression by antisense agents provides the basis for rational drug discovery based on molecular targets. Due to the specificity of Watson-Crick base-pair hybridization, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides have been used extensively in attempts to inhibit gene expression in both in vitro and in


Recommending serologic HIV testing for the dental patient.
Am J Dent. 1995 Oct;8(5):263-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96256551
Tilliss TS; Department of Dental Hygiene, University of Colorado School of; Dentistry, Denver 80262, USA.
This article provides information for dental clinicians to enable them to make appropriate recommendations to patients needing HIV antibody testing. Information concerning serologic tests for HIV, the decision to/not to test, characteristics of the compassionate HIV counselor, pre-test and posttest counseling are deta


Pain management and psychosocial issues in HIV and AIDS.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 1996 Jan-Feb;13(1):20-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96232007
Breitbart W
My goal for this presentation is to provide an overview of the pain experience of patients with AIDS, including focuses on prevalence, common syndromes, and factors that contribute to undertreatment. As a means to dramatize the impact of pain on quality of life, we ll discuss excerpts from a videotape of one of my pat


Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)--data as at 15 December 1995.
Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1995 Dec 15;70(50):353-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226918
The current global situation of the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1995 Dec 15;70(50):355. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226919
Provisional working estimates of adult HIV prevalence as of end 1994, by country.
Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1995 Dec 15;70(50):355-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226920
Kissing-loop model of HIV-1 genome dimerization: HIV-1 RNAs can assume alternative dimeric forms, and all sequences upstream or downstream of hairpin 248-271 are dispensable for dimer formation.
Biochemistry. 1996 Feb 6;35(5):1589-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223652
Laughrea M; Jette L; McGill AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research,; Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal,; Quebec, Canada.
The genome of all retroviruses consists of two identical RNAs noncovalently linked near their 5 end. Dimerization of genomic RNA is thought to modulate several steps in the retroviral life cycle, such as recombination, translation, and encapsidation. The kissing-loop model of HIV-1 genome dimerization [Laughrea, M.,


Zidovudine and dideoxynucleosides deplete wild-type mitochondrial DNA levels and increase deleted mitochondrial DNA levels in cultured Kearns-Sayre syndrome fibroblasts.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 May 24;1316(1):51-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239825
Wang H; Lemire BD; Cass CE; Weiner JH; Michalak M; Penn AM; Fliegel L; Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton,; Canada.
Kearns-Sayre syndrome is the most commonly diagnosed mitochondrial cytopathy and produces severe neuromuscular symptoms. The most frequent cause is a mitochondrial DNA deletion that removes a 4977-base pair segment of DNA that includes several genes encoding for respiratory chain subunits. Treatment of AIDS patients w


A robotics-based liquid chromatographic assay for the measurement of atovaquone in plasma.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1995 Oct;13(11):1383-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229404
Studenberg SD; Long JD; Woolf JH; Bruner CJ; Wilson D; Woolley JL; Division of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Wellcome; Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
A precise and specific robotics-based liquid chromatographic (LC) method for measuring atovaquone concentrations in plasma was developed and validated, and the method was compared with an existing manual LC method. The compound was isolated from plasma by liquid-liquid extraction, separated by reversed-phase LC, and q


Interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C infection in hemophiliacs--influence of virus load, genotype, and liver pathology on response.
Blood. 1996 Mar 1;87(5):1704-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202491
Hanley JP; Jarvis LM; Andrew J; Dennis R; Hayes PC; Piris J; Lee R; Simmonds P; Ludlam CA; Department of Haematology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh,; Scotland.
In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of interferon treatment in 31 hemophiliacs with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Interferon alfa-2a (3 MU three times weekly) was administered for 6 months. Response was assessed by both serial alanine transaminase (ALT) and HCV RNA levels measured by a sensitive


Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha is induced by human immunodeficiency virus infection of monocyte-derived macrophages.
Blood. 1996 Mar 1;87(5):2011-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202528
Canque B; Rosenzwajg M; Gey A; Tartour E; Fridman WH; Gluckman JC; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Deficits; Immunitaires, faculte de Medecine and hopital de la; Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Disparate findings have been reported as to whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects cytokine production by macrophages (MA). We investigated production of different cytokines and of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha by HIV-1Ba-L- or HIV-1Ada-infected blood-derived MA. Relative to controls, only M


Consumer-based research: using focus groups as a method for evaluating quality of care.
J Nurs Care Qual. 1996 Apr;10(3):28-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213286
Beaudin CL; Pelletier LR; Department of Health Services, School of Public Health,; University of California at Los Angeles, USA.
In response to the consumer movement, health care organizations have become interested in obtaining feedback through face-to-face contacts with the people using their products and services. Focus groups are one qualitative research method of obtaining rich information within a social context. The article discusses the


Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: role of electroencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging.
J Neuroimaging. 1996 Apr;6(2):122-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205227
Koppel BS; Poon TP; Khandji A; Pavlakis SG; Pedley TA; Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, New York, USA.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) had largely disappeared from the United States because of nearly universal measles vaccination, but it has reemerged in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Two children with SSPE are described. The first was HIV positive


Chagasic granulomatous encephalitis in immunosuppressed patients. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings.
J Neuroimaging. 1996 Apr;6(2):94-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205220
Di Lorenzo GA; Pagano MA; Taratuto AL; Garau ML; Meli FJ; Pomsztein MD; Neurological Unit Fernandez Hospital, Department of Neuroimaging,; Instituto de Investigaciones, Neurologicas Raul Carrea-FLENI,; Buenos Aires, Argentina.
American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease), a zoonosis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi with a high incidence in Latin America, may induce an uncommon form of localized encephalitis termed chagoma, found in few immunocompromised patients. The computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of brain c


Candida albicans mannan-specific, delayed hypersensitivity down-regulatory CD8+ cells are genetically restricted effectors and their production requires CD4 and I-A expression.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1996 Apr;109(4):334-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220199
Li SP; Lee SI; Wang Y; Domer JE; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University; School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., USA.
There is considerable controversy over the induction and activity of down-regulatory cells active in various antigen-specific and antigen-nonspecific systems. We have been studying the nature of such cells in a Candida albicans mannan (MAN)-specific system for some time and report here the requirements for CD4+ and I-


Newborn babies threatened with HIV testing [news]
BMJ. 1996 May 11;312(7040):1185. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214557
Roberts J
Albendazole chemotherapy for treatment of diarrhoea in patients with AIDS in Zambia: a randomised double blind controlled trial.
BMJ. 1996 May 11;312(7040):1187-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214560
Kelly P; Lungu F; Keane E; Baggaley R; Kazembe F; Pobee J; Farthing M; University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the value of short course, high dose albendazole chemotherapy in the treatment of persistent diarrhoea related to HIV in unselected patients in urban Zambia . DESIGN--A randomised double blind placebo controlled trial of albendazole 800 mg twice daily for two


Cause of AIDS [letter]
BMJ. 1996 May 11;312(7040):1231. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214599
Cook GC
Primary HIV-1 infection: a new medical emergency? [editorial]
BMJ. 1996 May 18;312(7041):1243-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225297
Jolles S; Kinloch de Loes S; Johnson MA; Janossy G
Disease in children with HIV infection in Abidjan. Authors should have emphasised lack of tuberculosis in HIV positive children [letter; comment]
BMJ. 1996 May 18;312(7041):1302-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225336
Gilks C
A randomized, controlled effectiveness trial of an AIDS prevention program for low-income African-American youths.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996 Apr;150(4):363-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96241626
Stanton BF; Li X; Ricardo I; Galbraith J; Feigelman S; Kaljee L; Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics,; University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, USA.
BACKGROUND: Some interventions to reduce the risk of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that target youths have resulted in short-term increases in self-reported condom use. However, long-term intervention effects have not been assessed. STUDY QUESTION: Can a theoretically and culturally based, AIDS-risk re


Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for atovaquone.
J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1996 Jan 12;675(1):180-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220415
Hansson AG; Mitchell S; Jatlow P; Rainey PM; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8035, USA.
A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography assay has been developed for the drug atovaquone, which is currently being used to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Protein is precipitated from plasma with acetonitrile-


Human and bovine tuberculosis--new threats from an old disease [editorial; comment]
Br Vet J. 1996 Jan;152(1):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214625
Grange JM
Regulated ribosomal frameshifting by an RNA-protein interaction.
RNA. 1996 Apr;2(4):316-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211454
Kollmus H; Hentze MW; Hauser H; Genetics of Eukaryotes, GBF Gesellschaft fur Biotechnologische; Forschung mbH, Braunschweig, Germany.
Ribosomal frameshifting is a translational mechanism used as an essential step in the replication cycle of retroviruses. Programmed frameshifting in retroviral translation involves two sequence elements: A heptanucleotide slippery sequence which induces a low basal level of frameshifting and a downstream RNA structure


The sad and tragic life of Typhoid Mary.
Can Med Assoc J. 1996 Mar 15;154(6):915-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258172
Brooks J
As society grapples with contemporary moral questions raised by the barring of HIV-infected people from jobs and even crossing some national borders, it is probably useful to re-examine the case of Typhoid Mary. The case of Mary Mallon shows how an earlier age resolved the conflict that arises when society s right to


Seeing medicine through opera glasses.
Can Med Assoc J. 1996 Mar 15;154(6):921-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258174
Mason RB
Few opera buffs stop to consider how the illnesses suffered by opera s great heroes and heroines mirrored the medical treatments and public attitudes of their time. A Toronto physician and his wife, an English professor and literary critic, have written a book exploring how opera presents illnesses such as tuberculosi


Understanding the relationship between relative and absolute risk.
Cancer. 1996 Jun 1;77(11):2193-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224881
Dupont WD; Plummer WD Jr; Department of Preventive Medicine, Vanderbilt University School; of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2637, USA.
BACKGROUND. Relative risks are the most common statistics used to quantify the risk of mortal or morbid outcomes associated with different patient groups and therapeutic interventions. However, absolute risks are of greater value of both patient and physician in making clinical decisions. METHODS. The relationship bet


Therapy of fungal meningitis.
Clin Neuropharmacol. 1995 Apr;18(2):95-112. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220337
Slavoski LA; Tunkel AR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical College of Pennsylvania,; Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.
There has been an increase in recent years in the number of reported cases of meningitis and brain abscesses caused by fungi. This increase is due to the availability of better diagnostic techniques for fungal infections and the ever-increasing population of immunocompromised hosts (1,2). The patients most susceptible


Specific antitumor activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes expanded first in a culture with both anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody and activated B cells and then in a culture with interleukin-2.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1995 Dec;41(6):339-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225877
Tamada K; Harada M; Okamoto T; Takenoyama M; Ito O; Matsuzaki G; Nomoto K; Department of Immunology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
In order to expand tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) efficiently and in order to use them for immunotherapy, we utilized lipopolysaccharide-activated B cells (LPS blasts) as costimulatory-signal-providing cells in an in vitro culture system. TIL, prepared from subcutaneously inoculated B16 melanoma, failed to expan


Clonally expanded CD8 T cells in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis.
Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 Jun;79(3):263-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216539
Martinez-Taboada VM; Goronzy JJ; Weyand CM; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic and; Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a vasculitic entity which exclusively, affects individuals older than 50 years of age. Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a closely related condition which lacks clinically significant vasculitic lesions but shares with GCA the age dependence and the HLA association. To examine whether age-r


Tuberculosis in pregnancy: interactions, diagnosis, and management.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Mar;39(1):120-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220940
Miller KS; Miller JM Jr; Respiratory Therapy Services Trident Regional Health System,; Charleston, South Carolina 29406, USA.
Consider anti-CMV therapy [letter]
Chest. 1996 Apr;109(4):1130-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211624
Hawley PH; Chan N; Russell JA; Montaner JS
Specfic binding of adenosine deaminase but not HIV-1 transactivator protein Tat to human CD26.
Exp Cell Res. 1996 May 25;225(1):102-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217775
Blanco J; Marie I; Callebaut C; Jacotot E; Krust B; Hovanessian AG; Unite de virologie et d'Immunologie Cellulaire, UA CNRS 1157,; Institut Pasteur, Paris Cedex, France.
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and the HIV-1 transactivator protein Tat have been reported to bind to human CD26, also known as dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV). In order to demonstrate the specificity of such binding under native conditions of CD26, i.e., when expressed on the cell surface, we established murine cell line


Glycosylation and stability of mature HIV envelope glycoprotein conformation under various conditions.
FEBS Lett. 1996 Jan 29;379(2):171-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225964
Papandreou MJ; Idziorek T; Miquelis R; Fenouillet E; IFR Jean Roche, URA 1455, Faculte de Medecine Nord, Marseille,; France.
The role of the glycans of the mature human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope (gp160) in its stability in various conditions was studied. gp160 conformation was monitored through its subsequent ability to bind [125I]CD4. Treatment of glycosylated (CHO+) gp160 with (i) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentrations ab


Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription.
FASEB J. 1996 May;10(7):709-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224181
Sen CK; Packer L; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of; California at Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of human diseases. Recent evidence suggests that at moderately high concentrations, certain forms of ROS such as H202 may act as signal transduction messengers. To develop a better understanding of the exact mechanisms that underlie ROS


Frequency and distribution of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences (KSHV) in different stages of classic Kaposi's sarcoma and in normal tissues from an Italian population.
Int J Cancer. 1996 May 16;66(4):427-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213779
Luppi M; Barozzi P; Maiorana A; Collina G; Ferrari MG; Marasca R; Morselli M; Rossi E; Ceccherini-Nelli L; Torelli G; Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Haematology,; University of Modena, Italy.
The frequency and distribution of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences (KSHV) were investigated by PCR in the pathologic skin lesions of a series of 22 HIV-negative elderly patients with classic Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) from Italy , one of the few regions of the world where classic KS is prev


Novel HPV types present in oral papillomatous lesions from patients with HIV infection.
Int J Cancer. 1996 May 16;66(4):453-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213783
Volter C; He Y; Delius H; Roy-Burman A; Greenspan JS; Greenspan D; de Villiers EM; Division for Tumorvirus Characterizatiom, Deutsches; Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.
Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often develop multiple papillomatous lesions of the oral cavity. In the present study, a total of 67 biopsies from benign oral lesions were analyzed for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA using Southern-blot hybridization in combination with a p


Inverse relationship of melanocyte differentiation antigen expression in melanoma tissues and CD8+ cytotoxic-T-cell responses: evidence for immunoselection of antigen-loss variants in vivo.
Int J Cancer. 1996 May 16;66(4):470-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213786
Jager E; Ringhoffer M; Karbach J; Arand M; Oesch F; Knuth A; II. Medizinische Klinik, Hamatologie--Onkologie, Krankenhaus; Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany.
Antigenic peptides derived from differentiation antigens of the melanocyte lineage were recently identified in human melanomas as targets for MHC-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). CTL directed against peptides derived from the Melan A/MART-1, tyrosinase and gp100/Pmel17 antigens can be detected in melanoma pat


Interconnection between organellar functions, development and drug resistance in the protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii.
Int J Parasitol. 1995 Nov;25(11):1293-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229270
Tomavo S; Boothroyd JC; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University; School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402, USA.
The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes severe disease in animals and humans. In AIDS patients, for example, the encephalitis it produces is a major cause of death. Part of the very successful strategy adopted by the parasite centers on its ability to differentiate from the actively growing tachyzoite form to


Cytokines and immunological control of Eimeria spp.
Int J Parasitol. 1995 Nov;25(11):1331-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229273
Ovington KS; Alleva LM; Kerr EA; Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life; Science, Faculty of Science, Australian National University,; Canberra, Australia.
Protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Eimeria cause considerable losses in livestock production in which stocking densities are high or environments restricted. The ability of hosts to mount immunological responses which limit parasite reproduction vary according to the particular species of Eimeria. Typically th


Low-dose splenic irradiation in human immunodeficiency virus-related immune thrombocytopenia [letter]
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996 May 1;35(2):417-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228862
Giraud P; Soum F; Daly-Schveitzer N; Trille JA; Auvergnat JC; Massip P
The HIV-1 nef protein interferes with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation 1.
J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 22;271(12):6590-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215074
Graziani A; Galimi F; Medico E; Cottone E; Gramaglia D; Boccaccio C; Comoglio PM; Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment (IRCC), University of; Torino Medical School, 10126 Torino, Italy.
nef is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene encoding a 27-kDa myristoylated protein with structural features of a signal transducing molecule, but whose functions are largely unknown. We studied the interactions of Nef with the signal transduction pathways triggered by the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) re


Comparative studies on the substrate specificity of avian myeloblastosis virus proteinase and lentiviral proteinases.
J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 22;271(12):6781-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215101
Tozser J; Bagossi P; Weber IT; Copeland TD; Oroszlan S; Department of Biochemistry, University Medical School of; Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary.
The retroviral proteinase (PR) seems to play crucial roles in the viral life cycle, therefore it is an attractive target for chemotherapy. Previously we studied the specificity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and type 2 as well as equine infectious anemia virus PRs using oligopeptide substrates. Here a si


Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Feb;81(2):791-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225557
Lortholary O; Christeff N; Casassus P; Thobie N; Veyssier P; Trogoff B; Torri O; Brauner M; Nunez EA; Guillevin L; Service de Medecine Interne, Hopital Avicenne, Universite; Paris-Nord, Bobigny, France.
We prospectively studied adrenal function in 51 human immunodeficiency virus-positive male patients, including heterosexuals, homosexuals, and iv drug users, classified according to 1987 CDC criteria as belonging to stages II/III or IVC. Basal serum concentrations of cortisol (F), progesterone (P4) and 17 alpha-hydrox


A femtomolar-acting neuroprotective peptide [see comments]
J Clin Invest. 1996 May 15;97(10):2299-307. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217593
Brenneman DE; Gozes I; Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of; Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4480, USA.
A novel 14-amino acid peptide, with stress-protein-like sequences, exhibiting neuroprotection at unprecedented concentrations, is revealed. This peptide prevented neuronal cell death associated with the envelope protein (GP 120) from HIV, with excitotoxicity (N-methyl d-aspartate), with the beta amyloid peptide (putat


The impact of HIV testing on blood utilization in the intensive care unit in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.
Intensive Care Med. 1995 Nov;21(11):933-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229257
Ravry ME; Paz HL; Department of Medicine, Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, PA; 10102-1192, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the AIDS epidemic has influenced physician use of blood products in intensive care unit management of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 148 patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage admitted to the intensive care unit. Forty-eight patients were admitted


Oral glutamine to prevent chemotherapy induced stomatitis: a pilot study.
J Lab Clin Med. 1996 Feb;127(2):223-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223790
Skubitz KM; Anderson PM; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School,; Minneapolis, USA.
Mucositis is a common toxicity of cancer chemotherapy. Glutamine appears to be the major energy source for intestinal epithelium, and animal studies have suggested that dietary supplementation with glutamine may protect the gut from both radiation and chemotherapy. Patients experiencing stomatitis after a course of ch


The polymerase chain reaction: a revolutionary new procedure for the laboratory diagnosis of infectious disease.
J Ky Med Assoc. 1996 Apr;94(4):148-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215509
Buck GE; Alliant Health System, Louisville, KY, USA.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a revolutionary new means of amplifying, ie, replicating, selected DNA sequences in vitro. This procedure is rapid, requiring approximately 5 hours for completion, and exquisitely sensitive. Studies have shown that as few as one microorganism can be detected. Thus, it has the pot


Use of polymerase chain reaction and quantitative antibody tests in children born to human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected mothers.
J Med Virol. 1995 Dec;47(4):330-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96189510
Newell ML; Loveday C; Dunn D; Kaye S; Tedder R; Peckham C; De Maria A; Giaquinto C; Omenaca F; Canosa C; et al; European Collaborative Study Coordinating Centre, Department of; Epidemiology, Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
The diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children born to HIV-infected mothers is complicated by the presence of passively acquired maternal antibodies, and exclusion of infection in these infants remains problematic. The use of genome detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification


Productive HIV-1 infection of human vascular endothelial cells requires cell proliferation and is stimulated by combined treatment with interleukin-1 beta plus tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
J Med Virol. 1995 Dec;47(4):355-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96189514
Conaldi PG; Serra C; Dolei A; Basolo F; Falcone V; Mariani G; Speziale P; Toniolo A; Institute of Medicine and Public Health, University of Pavia,; Italy.
Vascular endothelial cells (EC) play a key role in viral tropism in vivo. Since conflicting reports have been published on the capability of HIV to infect EC in vitro, we analyzed some factors potentially capable of influencing the susceptibility of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to HIV-1. Both primary


Preirradiation chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and dexamethasone for primary CNS lymphomas: initial report of radiation therapy oncology group protocol 88-06.
J Clin Oncol. 1996 Feb;14(2):556-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223415
Schultz C; Scott C; Sherman W; Donahue B; Fields J; Murray K; Fisher B; Abrams R; Meis-Kindblom J; Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin,; Milwaukee 53226, USA.
PURPOSE: This study was a prospective phase I/II trial performed by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) to test the tolerance and efficacy of preirradiation cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and dexamethasone (CHOD) chemotherapy followed by large-volume, high-dose brain radiation therapy (RT) for pat


Characterization of T lymphocyte clones derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis infected subjects.
J Periodontal Res. 1996 Jan;31(1):47-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198719
Gemmell E; Woodford V; Seymour GJ; Immunopathology Laboratory, Oral Biology and Pathology,; Department of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Australia.
Porphyromonas gingivalis plays a major role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, however some individuals with P. gingivalis infection do not experience periodontal breakdown. The aim of this study was to investigate the proliferative responses of two highly defined groups of subjects and to establish and chara


Postbereavement depressive mood and its prebereavement predictors in HIV+ and HIV- gay men.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Feb;70(2):336-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193403
Folkman S; Chesney M; Collette L; Boccellari A; Cooke M; Center of AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco 94105, USA. folkman@quickmail.ucsf.edu
Prebereavement predictors of the course of postbereavement depressive mood were examined in 110 gay men who were their partner s caregiver until the partner s death of AIDS. In all, 37 HIV+ and 73 HIV- bereaved caregiving partners were assessed bimonthly throughout a 10-month period beginning 3 months before and endin


Personality disorder and sexual risk taking among homosexually active and heterosexually active men attending a genito-urinary medicine clinic.
J Psychosom Res. 1995 Oct;39(7):901-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229422
Ellis D; Collis I; King M; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Royal Free Hospital, London,; United Kingdom.
61 homosexually active men and 57 heterosexually active men attending a genito-urinary medicine clinic were assessed for personality disorder and sexual risk taking. Of the homosexually active men, 23/61 (38%) were found to have personality disorders, as against 16/57 (28%) of the heterosexually active men. Multiple r


IgA and IgG antibodies to distinct serotypes of Mycobacterium avium in HIV seropositivity and AIDS.
J Med Microbiol. 1996 Mar;44(3):165-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208536
Hernandez-Munoz HE; Stanford JL; Department of Bacteriology, University College London Medical; School, UK.
IgA and IgG antibodies to cytoplasmic and secreted antigens of serotypes 4 and 8 of Mycobacterium avium and the percentage of agalactosyl immunoglobulin (%Gal[0]) were measured by ELISA in groups of blood donors, HIV seronegative persons, HIV seropositive persons with CD4+ cell counts >300/mm3 and AIDS patients co-inf


A comparison of the Genie and Western blot assays in confirmatory testing for HIV-1 antibody.
J Med Microbiol. 1996 Mar;44(3):223-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208546
Chan EL; Sidaway F; Horsman GB; Viral Serology Section, Department of Clinical Microbiology,; Saskatchewan Health, Canada.
The Genie HIV-1/2 kit (Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur, Montreal, Quebec), a synthetic-peptide solid-phase enzyme immunoassay, was evaluated as a confirmatory assay for HIV-1 antibodies in comparison with Western blot (BioRad, Hercules, CA, USA) on 50 stored HIV-1 antibody-positive sera and the 137 sera yielding repeated p


Molecular genetic approaches to identification, epidemiology and taxonomy of non-albicans Candida species.
J Med Microbiol. 1996 Jun;44(6):399-408. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235983
Sullivan DJ; Henman MC; Moran GP; O'Neill LC; Bennett DE; Shanley DB; Coleman DC; University of Dublin, School of Dental Science, Department of; Oral Medicine and Pathology, Republic of Ireland.
The reported incidence of fungal infections associated with non-albicans species from the Candida genus is increasing. Most of these infections occur in immunocompromised patients, particularly those infected with HIV. The role of molecular genetic techniques alongside the existing techniques for the identification an


Flexible regions of RNA structure facilitate co-operative Rev assembly on the Rev-response element.
J Mol Biol. 1996 May 24;258(5):763-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221984
Zemmel RW; Kelley AC; Karn J; Butler PJ; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
The oligomerisation of Rev on the Rev-response element (RRE) was studied using a series of model substrates. Only a monomer of Rev is able to bind efficiently to a high affinity site that is flanked by perfect duplex RNA. Addition of a bulge or a second stem structure adjacent to the high affinity site permits the co-


Thermodynamic prediction of conserved secondary structure: application to the RRE element of HIV, the tRNA-like element of CMV and the mRNA of prion protein.
J Mol Biol. 1996 May 24;258(5):813-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
Luck R; Steger G; Riesner D; Institut fur Physikalische Biologie,; Heinrich-Heine-Universitat, Dusseldorf, FRG.
An algorithm for prediction of conserved secondary structure of single-stranded RNA is presented. For each RNA of a set of homologous RNAs optimal and suboptimal secondary structures are calculated and stored in a base-pair probability matrix. A multiple sequence alignment is performed for the set of RNAs. The resulti


Regarding Lower extremity lymphedema caused by acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma [letter]
J Vasc Surg. 1996 Feb;23(2):378. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195187
Dougherty M; Calligaro KD; DeLaurentis DA
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. AIDS associated with injecting-drug use--United States, 1995.
JAMA. 1996 Jun 5;275(21):1628-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245228
Primary adult T cell leukemia of bone: two patients with primary bone lesion showing monoclonal integration of HTLV-I proviral DNA.
Leukemia. 1996 Feb;10(2):333-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200145
Takemoto S; Matsuoka M; Sakata K; Matsuzaki H; Akagi K; Yamaguchi K; Takatsuki K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; School of Medicine, Japan.
Adult T cell leukemia (ATL), a neoplasm of mature helper T lymphocytes is etiologically associated with human T lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I). ATL cells infiltrate various organs, the lung, skin, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and bone, causing various clinical manifestations. Two unusual cases o


[Pleural cryptococcosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection]
Med Clin (Barc). 1996 Mar 16;106(10):380-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219424
Mauri M; Fernandez Sola A; Capdevila JA; Ruiz I; Ribera E; Ocana I; Ferrer A; Pahissa A; Unitat de Malalties Infeccioses, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron,; Barcelona.
Four cases of pleural cryptococcosis as the form of onset of cryptococcosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are reported. In two out of the four cases cryptococci were simultaneously isolated in other localizations (blood and meninges). In the two remaining patients the pleura was the onl


[The Oregon health care plan: beyond the experiment (letter)]
Med Clin (Barc). 1996 Mar 16;106(10):396. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219429
Abreu Galan MA
[News about HIV. Combination therapy with new drugs gives hope]
Lakartidningen. 1996 Feb 7;93(6):451-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248200
Sonnerborg A; Julander I; Infektionskliniken och avdelningen for klinisk virologi,; Huddinge sjukhus.
HIV epidemic in India: opportunity to learn from the past.
Lancet. 1996 May 18;347(9012):1349-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215986
Lalvani A; Shastri JS; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford,; John Radcliffe Hospital, UK.
A cofactor for HIV-1 entry into cells is identified [news]
Lancet. 1996 May 18;347(9012):1395. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215998
Rowe PM
Longstanding presence in Belgians of multiple non-B HIV-1 subtypes [letter]
Lancet. 1996 May 18;347(9012):1403. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216006
Fransen K; Buve A; Nkengasong JN; Laga M; van der Groen G
CD4 lymphopenia and risk of infection in immunogerontologically healthy elderly people [letter]
Lancet. 1996 May 18;347(9012):1408. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216014
Ogata K; Tamura H; Yokose N; Dan K; Nomura T
Parasitism of HIV-infected patients by insect flagellates [letter]
Lancet. 1996 May 18;347(9012):1409. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216017
Dedet JP
Invasive pneumococcal disease in HIV-1 infected patients [letter]
Lancet. 1996 May 18;347(9012):1414. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216027
Domingo P; Puig M; Pericas R; Mirelis B; Prats G
Anterior pitutiary and pitutiary-dependent target organ function in men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.
Metabolism. 1996 Jun;45(6):738-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224247
Wilson LD; Truong MP; Barber AR; Aoki TT; Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA.
To evaluate pituitary and pituitary-dependent target organ function in men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 26 ambulatory HIV-positive men (13 with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS]) and nine healthy control men were administered rapid sequential injections of thyrotropin (TSH)-releasing h


Common drug interactions in HIV medicine.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 20;164(10):605-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233608
Carey DL; Day RO; Bowden FJ; St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW.
Antiretroviral therapy.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 20;164(10):607. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233609
Fulcher D; Clezy K; Department of Immunopathology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW.
Initiating or changing antiretroviral therapy requires specialist knowledge of indications, side effects and drug interactions. This brief guide highlights the key points for monitoring antiretroviral therapy.


HIV and sexually transmitted diseases.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 20;164(10):608-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233610
Plummer DC; Furner V; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health,; Australian National University, Canberra.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) play a key role in the AIDS epidemic. The transmission of HIV is amplified by some STDs, and HIV has been found to alter the natural history and prevalence of others. The control of STDs is fundamental to effective prevention and management of HIV infection.


HIV and palliative care.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 20;164(10):612-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233611
Glare PA; Cooney NJ; Department of Medical Oncology and Palliative Care, Westmead; Hospital, Sydney, NSW.
The goals of palliative care are the relief of pain and suffering in advanced disease and the support of the patient s carers. In HIV medicine, good palliative care often includes active treatment, and the palliative care team may work in support of the primary care doctor.


HIV and autopsies.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 20;164(10):616-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233612
Duflou J; Marriott D; New South Wales Institute of Forensic Medicine, Sydney, NSW.
The risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections. The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study [see comments]
N Engl J Med. 1996 Jun 27;334(26):1685-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240528
Schreiber GB; Busch MP; Kleinman SH; Korelitz JJ; Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
BACKGROUND: Accurate estimates of the risk of transfusion-transmitted infectious disease are essential for monitoring the safety of the blood supply and evaluating the potential effect of new screening tests. We estimated the risk of transmitting the human Immuno-deficiency virus (HIV), the human T-cell lymphotropic v


A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome [letter]
N Engl J Med. 1996 Jun 27;334(26):1745; discussion 1746. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240543
Kahn JS; Romano S; Andiman WA
Massive infiltration of the skin by HIV-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells [letter]
N Engl J Med. 1996 Jul 4;335(1):61-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96249148
Bachelez H; Hadida F; Gorochov G
Ministers seek legal shelter from Canada's HIV inquiry [news]
Nature. 1996 Mar 21;380(6571):188. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207740
Spurgeon D
Panel calls for overhaul of AIDS research [news]
Nature. 1996 Mar 21;380(6571):190. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207741
Wadman M
Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia/sepsis as an initial opportunistic infection in an HIV patient.
Mil Med. 1996 Mar;161(3):179. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215536
Amundson DE; Mancini SA; Department of Critical Care, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, CA; 92134-5000, USA.
Results of a prospective evaluation of three methods of management of pediatric cataracts.
Ophthalmology. 1996 May;103(5):713-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221488
Basti S; Ravishankar U; Gupta S; Cornea Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
BACKGROUND: Although a variety of approaches to manage cataracts in children have been studied, no consensus exists on the optimum approach. The authors, therefore, conducted a prospective, nonrandomized, consecutive study to evaluate three most commonly adopted methods of management of pediatric cataracts. METHODS: L


Analysis of chimeric Gag-Arg/Abl molecules indicates a distinct negative regulatory role for the Arg C-terminal domain.
Oncogene. 1996 Feb 1;12(3):631-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226098
Mysliwiec T; Perego R; Kruh GD; Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA.
Arg and c-Abl represent the mammalian member of the Abelson family of nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases. The two proteins are composed of SH2, SH3, kinase and C-terminal domains. To examine Arg structure-function relationships we analysed a Gag-Arg fusion protein, analogous to the oncogenic Gag-Abl fusion protein o


Diagnostic imaging: its role in evaluating chest, abdominal, and musculoskeletal infections.
Postgrad Med. 1996 Mar;99(3):175-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209883
Stern EJ; Hunter JC; Nghiem HV; Lewis DH; Department of Radiology, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA; 98104, USA. estern@u.washington.edu.
Imaging studies can provide essential information when infection is suspected. Chest radiography remains the best radiographic screening tool for intrathoracic infections. Computed tomographic (CT) scanning is preferred for evaluation of solid-organ abscesses, peritoneal abscesses, and associated malignant tumors or a


Assessment of fever in HIV-infected patients.
Postgrad Med. 1996 Mar;99(3):78-80, 87-9, 93-4 passim. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209878
Gleckman R; Czachor JS; Carney Hospital, Boston, MA 02124-5666, USA.
Fever is common among HIV-infected patients. Because it may signal a serious, potentially fatal underlying infection, a thorough investigation is merited. Where does evaluation begin and end? Drs Gleckman and Czachor discuss a diagnostic approach for primary care physicians that emphasizes rapid identification of the


Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Tat is an integral component of the activated transcription-elongation complex.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Mar 19;93(6):2505-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197343
Keen NJ; Gait MJ; Karn J; Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology,; Cambridge, United Kingdom.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transactivator protein, Tat, stimulates transcriptional elongation from the viral long terminal repeat. To test whether Tat associates directly with activated transcription complexes, we have used the lac repressor protein (LacR) to trap elongating RNA polymerases. The arrested


CD14+ blood monocytes can differentiate into functionally mature CD83+ dendritic cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Mar 19;93(6):2588-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197357
Zhou LJ; Tedder TF; Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710, USA.
Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells that initiate primary immune responses. Although dendritic cells derive from bone marrow stem cells, the intermediate stages in their development remain unknown. In this study, plastic-adherent blood monocytes (CD14+, CD1a-) cultured for 7 days with granulocyte-monoc


Decline in working memory associated with HIV infection. HNRC Group.
Psychol Med. 1995 Nov;25(6):1221-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229496
Stout JC; Salmon DP; Butters N; Taylor M; Peavy G; Heindel WC; Delis DC; Ryan L; Atkinson JH; Chandler JL; et al; San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, USA.
HIV infection has been associated with decline in a number of cognitive functions that are components of working memory . Thus, tests of working memory that require the interaction of these components may be particularly sensitive to cognitive dysfunction that arises from HIV infection. To assess this possibility, wo


Neuropsychological deficits in tests of executive function in asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV-1 seropositive men.
Psychol Med. 1995 Nov;25(6):1233-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229497
Sahakian BJ; Elliott R; Low N; Mehta M; Clark RT; Pozniak AL; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge.
There has been much debate about the exact nature and time of onset of the cognitive impairments associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Studies to date have not reached consistent conclusions. The present study comprised 22 asymptomatic and 18 symptomatic HIV-1 seropositive men,


Free-hand technique with ordinary antisepsis in abdominal US-guided fine-needle punctures: three-year experience.
Radiology. 1996 Jun;199(3):721-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220533
Caturelli E; Giacobbe A; Facciorusso D; Villani MR; Squillante MM; Siena DA; Cellerino C; Andriulli A; Department of Gastroenterology, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della; Sofferenza, Instituto Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico,; Foggia, Italy.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the adequacy of ordinary antisepsis in ultrasound (US)-guided free-hand fine-needle puncture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (n = 573) were performed in 456 patients. No puncture attachments, sterile gloves, or drapes or covers were used. Before each procedure the tra


HIV-related metabolic abnormalities in the brain: depiction with proton MR spectroscopy with short echo times.
Radiology. 1996 Jun;199(3):805-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220547
Laubenberger J; Haussinger D; Bayer S; Thielemann S; Schneider B; Mundinger A; Hennig J; Langer M; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Klinikum der; Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat, Freiburg, Germany.
PURPOSE: To analyze brain metabolite changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive neurologically asymptomatic patients and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex (ADC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve ADC patients, 11 HIV-positive asymptoma


AIDS office budget morass settled [news]
Science. 1996 Mar 1;271(5253):1221. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258147
Vaccine drought spurs NIAID plan to improve industry ties... [news]
Science. 1996 Mar 1;271(5253):1227-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239616
Cohen J
Investors sought for AIDS vaccine trials [news]
Science. 1996 Mar 1;271(5253):1237. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239621
Blocked Ras activation in anergic CD4+ T cells [see comments]
Science. 1996 Mar 1;271(5253):1276-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239626
Fields PE; Gajewski TF; Fitch FW; Ben May Institute, Department of Pathology, University of; Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
T cell anergy is a state of functional unresponsiveness characterized by the inability to produce interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) upon T cell receptor stimulation. The mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK-1 and ERK-2 and the guanosine triphosphate-binding protein p21ras were fou


Enhanced fidelity of 3TC-selected mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
Science. 1996 Mar 1;271(5253):1282-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239628
Wainberg MA; Drosopoulos WC; Salomon H; Hsu M; Borkow G; Parniak M; Gu Z; Song Q; Manne J; Islam S; Castriota G; Prasad VR; McGill AIDS Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
Monotherapy with (-)2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine ( 3TC ) leads to the appearance of a drug-resistant variant of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) with the methionine-184 --> valine (M184V) substitution in the reverse transcriptase (RT). Despi


Somatic mutation of immunoglobulin V genes in vitro.
Science. 1996 Mar 1;271(5253):1285-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239629
Kallberg E; Jainandunsing S; Gray D; Leanderson T; Immunology Unit, Lund University, Sweden.
The molecular mechanism behind affinity maturation is the introduction of point mutations in immunoglobulin (Ig) V genes, followed by the selective proliferation of B cells expressing mutants with increased affinity for antigen. An in vitro culture system was developed in which somatic hypermutation of Ig V genes was


HIV-1 Langerhans' cell tropism associated with heterosexual transmission of HIV.
Science. 1996 Mar 1;271(5253):1291-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239631
Soto-Ramirez LE; Renjifo B; McLane MF; Marlink R; O'Hara C; Sutthent R; Wasi C; Vithayasai P; Vithayasai V; Apichartpiyakul C; Auewarakul P; Pena Cruz V; Chui DS; Osathanondh R; Mayer K; Lee TH; Essex M; Harvard AIDS Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Heterosexual transmission by vaginal intercourse accounts for most transmission of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) in Africa and Asia but is less important in the HIV-1 epidemics of the United States and Western Europe. Epithelial Langerhans cells (LCs) represent a possibl


Viral counts count in HIV infection [see comments]
Science. 1996 May 24;272(5265):1124-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216285
Ho DD; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University,; New York, 10016, USA.
Prognosis in HIV-1 infection predicted by the quantity of virus in plasma [see comments]
Science. 1996 May 24;272(5265):1167-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216290
Mellors JW; Rinaldo CR Jr; Gupta P; White RM; Todd JA; Kingsley LA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of; Pittsburgh, 15213, USA.
The relation between viremia and clinical outcome in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) has important implications for therapeutic research and clinical care. HIV-1 RNA in plasma was quantified with a branched-DNA signal amplification assay as a measure of viral load in a cohort of 1


Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex pneumonia in a non-HIV-infected individual: an increasingly recognized disease.
South Med J. 1996 May;89(5):522-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211038
Asnis DS; Bresciani AR; Cohn M; Department of Internal Medicine, NY 11355, USA.
In the past, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was considered a colonizing microbe in the immunocompetent host. Today it should be considered a potential pathogen. We present a case of MAC necrotizing pneumonia in a 27-year-old man who tested negatively for the human immunodeficiency virus, had no typical granulomas,


Ethics, AIDS, and the neurosurgeon [editorial]
Surg Neurol. 1996 Mar;45(3):299-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221340
Heifetz MD
[The AIDS epidemic in Norway--where did it go?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1996 Jan 30;116(3):382-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248223
Eskild A; Stigum H; Magnus P; Avdeling for samfunnsmedisin, Statens institutt for folkehelse,; Oslo.
The 1986 prognosis for the AIDS-epidemic in Norway has not been fulfilled. The epidemic has been far less extensive than anticipated. In 1986, little knowledge existed about the parameters that influence the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): the prevalence of HIV, t


[Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, human Papillomavirus infection, genital epithelial neoplasia and possible immunodeficiency]
Ugeskr Laeger. 1996 Feb 12;158(7):923-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245295
Rossen K; Madsen H; Grunnet N; Amtssygehuset i Gentofte, patologisk-anatomisk institut,; Rigshospitalet, Kobenhavn.
Papilloma virus infections are common in patients with immune defect/suppression. We describe a case of regional localised epidermodysplasia verruciformis in combination with genital intraepithelial neoplasia, refractory anaemia, and impaired immunity as demonstrated by lymphopenia with reduced B-cell/T-cell ratio, bu


Lack of dichotomy between virus load of peripheral blood and lymph nodes during long-term simian immunodeficiency virus infection of African green monkeys.
Virology. 1996 May 15;219(2):367-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213506
Beer B; Scherer J; zur Megede J; Norley S; Baier M; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institute Langen, Germany.
During the asymptomatic phase of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection the lymphatic tissues seem to function as a major reservoir of HIV. We have examined the viral load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymph node mononuclear cells (LNMC) of 12 naturally and 4 experimentally long-term simia


Natural variation in HIV-1 protease, Gag p7 and p6, and protease cleavage sites within gag/pol polyproteins: amino acid substitutions in the absence of protease inhibitors in mothers and children infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Virology. 1996 May 15;219(2):407-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
Barrie KA; Perez EE; Lamers SL; Farmerie WG; Dunn BM; Sleasman JW; Goodenow MM; Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of; Florida College of Medicine Health Science Center, Gainesville; 32610, USA.
Reduced sensitivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to protease inhibitors is associated with multiple amino acid substitutions in the virus-encoded protease. The combination of changes that contribute to drug resistance is dependent in part upon the


Differential effects of intronic and exonic locations of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev-responsive element.
Virology. 1996 May 15;219(2):423-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213512
Campbell LH; Borg KT; Arrigo SJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of; South Carolina, Charleston 29425-2230, USA.
The influence of the location of the Rev-response element (RRE) on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protein and RNA expression in COS cells was assessed. The RRE was placed into nef where it would be present in all HIV-1 RNAs. At this location, Gag and Env proteins were produced and the unspliced gag/pol an


Restriction of HIV-1 (subtype B) replication at the entry step in rhesus macaque cells.
Virology. 1996 May 15;219(2):485-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213520
Himathongkham S; Luciw PA; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis; 95616, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is restricted for replication in rhesus macaque cells and does not establish infection in this species. The block to productive infection of macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in culture was investigated. A chimeric virus SHIV containing HIV-1 tat, rev, and en


[Cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients, CT and MRI images and differential diagnostic problems]
Acta Med Port. 1996 Jan;9(1):29-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224419
Miguel J; Champalimaud JL; Borges A; Chorao M; Branco G; Doroana M; Medina E; Servico de Neurorradiologia e Anatomia-Patologica, Hospital; Egas Moniz, Lisboa.
Cranial computed-tomographies (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 14 patients with AIDS and central nervous system toxoplasmosis (CNST) were reviewed. In spite of the low specificity of CT and MRI findings in CNS mass lesions of AIDS patients, there are some features which have been observed as more typical o


HIV, Ebola virus and public health measures [letter]
Am Fam Physician. 1996 May 15;53(7):2283-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222744
Clarke P
AAP tuberculin testing recommendations [news]
Am Fam Physician. 1996 May 15;53(7):2378. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222754
Random suppression of T cells that bear specific T cell receptor V(beta) sequences in adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) patients at each clinical stage: carrier, smoldering, chronic, and acute.
Am J Hematol. 1996 May;52(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219901
Ohshima K; Suzumiya J; Kikuchi M; Takeshita M; Tashiro K; Kimura N; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University,; Japan.
Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), which is well known as a T cell malignancy. In order to clarify whether HTLV-I plays a role as a virus-encoded superantigen in the neoplastic process, we examined the TCR V(beta) families in the peripheral blood at fo


Epstein-Barr virus infection and associated products (LMP, EBNA2, vIL-10) in nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of human immunodeficiency virus-negative Japanese.
Am J Hematol. 1996 May;52(1):21-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219904
Ohshima K; Suzumiya J; Tasiro K; Mukai Y; Tanaka T; Kato A; Kikuchi M; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University,; Japan.
Sixty cases of B-cell nodal non-Hodgkin s malignant lymphoma (B-ML), and 46 cases of T-cell nodal lymphoma (T-ML) were surveyed for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes, RNA, and associated proteins. We used a Southern blot analysis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and EBV-encoded small RNA-1 (EBER-1) in situ hybridizati


Monoblastic leukemia in an HIV-infected patient: absence of viral expression in RNA blasts.
Am J Hematol. 1996 May;52(1):47-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219908
Guillemain C; George F; Courcoul M; Dhiver c; Brunet C; Spire B; Horschowski N; Conciatori M; Sampol J; Hematology Laboratory, CHU-Conception, Marseille, France.
A small number of patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been reported as developing acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). In the cases previously published, the authors never reported a study of the link joining HIV infection and leukemia. We describe here the case of a 41-year-old H


T-cell receptor J beta 1/J beta 2 locus rearrangements in an HTLV-1-positive T-cell lymphoma with complex chromosomal aberrations.
Am J Hematol. 1996 May;52(1):53-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219909
Macera MJ; Hyde P; Peddanna N; Szabo P; Gogineni SK; Verma RS; Division of Genetics, Long Island College Hospital-SUNY Health; Science Center, Brooklyn, New York 11201, USA.
We report a case of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected adult T-cell lymphoma that has multiple chromosomal abnormalities, including the presence of an additional 7q22-36, which contains the locus of the T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain gene. Specific TCR J beta 1/J beta 2 gene rearrangements were


Abnormal chromatin clumping in polymorphonuclears from a patient with AIDS [letter]
Am J Hematol. 1996 May;52(1):62-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219914
Ciaudo M; Ramon S; Jayle D; Kazatchkine M; Marie JP
[A contribution of brain imaging techniques to the diagnosis of psychiatric emergencies]
Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 1996 Jan;154(1):60-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222047
Assouly-Besse F; Seletti B; Servan J; Petitjean F
This study was performed in the psychiatric emergency unit of Rene-Dubos General Hospital (Pontoise, France ). Two cases of female patients with motor deficiencies suggesting a diagnosis of conversion disorder because of preceding psychological stressors and lability of symptoms, ar


Morphologic patterns and molecular pathways of AIDS-related head and neck and other systemic lymphomas [clinical conference]
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1996 Jun;105(6):495-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228238
Carbone A; Gaidano G; Gloghini A; Tirelli U; Rinaldo A; Ferlito A; Division of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano,; Italy.
Head and neck manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection include lymph nodal and extranodal localization of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL). A histopathologic characteristic common to head and neck NHLs and to all the other systemic lymphomas in HIV patients is the


[AIDS and tuberculosis: the situation in Madagascar]
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar. 1995;62(1):24-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222062
Auregan G; Morvan J; Zeller H; Rasamindrakotroka A; Institut d'Hygiene Sociale, Service Tuberculose-Lepre,; Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Because of the known epidemiological links between tuberculosis and HIV infection in developing countries, a systematic study of HIV infection prevalence among tuberculous patients has been conducted since 1989 in some centres of the capital and extended to other towns in 1992. HIV infection prevalence is still low (


[Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Antananarivo. Principal localizations and biological diagnosis]
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar. 1995;62(1):77-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222073
Menard D; Pecarrere JL; Ramaroson F; Lesbordes JL; Andrianirinarisoa R; Razafitsiarovana I; Andriamiandrisoa ML; Raholimina Rahary V; Rakotonizao J; Richard J; et al; Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo Madagascar.
We describe the state of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the capital of Antananarivo, a city of high endemicity for tuberculosis but very low endemicity for HIV infection. The Laboratory of Mycobacteria in the Institut Pasteur of Madagascar had examined from August 94 to April 9


Duration of the survival benefit of zidovudine therapy in HIV infection.
Arch Intern Med. 1996 May 27;156(10):1073-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224804
Moore RD; Keruly JC; Chaisson RE; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md, USA.
BACKGROUND: Zidovudine therapy improves survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and delays progression from earlier stages to advanced stage of HIV disease. The duration of the benefit of zidovudine therapy, however, may be limited. OBJECTIVE: To quantitate the duration of the survival benefi


Appendicitis due to Mycobacterium avium complex in a patient with AIDS [letter]
Arch Intern Med. 1996 May 27;156(10):1114. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224812
Domingo P; Ris J; Lopez-Contreras J; Sancho F; Nolla J
Ulcerative esophagitis during primary HIV infection [letter]
Arch Intern Med. 1996 May 27;156(10):1115. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224813
Ruiz-Laiglesia FJ; Torrubia-Perez CB; Perez-Calvo JI
Pseudomeningitis again. Association with cytocentrifuge funnel and Gram-stain reagent contamination.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1996 May;120(5):456-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222781
Southern PM Jr; Colvin DD; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas 75235-9072, USA.
OBJECTIVE--To report an epidemic of pseudomeningitis related to cytocentrifuge funnel and Gram-stain reagent contamination, and our evaluation and responses. DESIGN--Investigation was stimulated by the recognition of Gram-stained, smear-positive, culture-negative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens. Cytofunnels, glass


Changing patterns of autopsy findings among persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in an inner-city population. A 12-year retrospective study.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1996 May;120(5):459-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222782
Sehonanda A; Choi YJ; Blum S; Department of Pathology, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, NY 10457,; USA.
OBJECTIVE--To determine patterns of autopsy findings among persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) during a 12-year period. DESIGN AND SETTING--All 168 autopsies performed on adult AIDS patients at the Bronx- Lebanon H


Influence of cognitive reserve on neuropsychological functioning in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection.
Arch Neurol. 1996 Feb;53(2):148-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225714
Stern RA; Silva SG; Chaisson N; Evans DL; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University School of; Medicine, Providence, RI, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of cognitive reserve or brain reserve capacity on neuropsychological performance in early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. DESIGN: Cross-sectional group comparison study, based on neuropsychological performance, of HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative participan


Cognitive performance and regional brain volume in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Arch Neurol. 1996 Feb;53(2):155-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225715
Kieburtz K; Ketonen L; Cox C; Grossman H; Holloway R; Booth H; Hickey C; Feigin A; Caine ED; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester (NY) Medical; Center, USA.
BACKGROUND: Brain atrophy has been reported to occur in advancing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, particularly in patients with HIV-related dementia . Atrophy of the caudate region, as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging measures, has been reported to correlate with


Oral conditions and their social impact among HIV dental patients.
Aust Dent J. 1996 Feb;41(1):33-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210757
Coates E; Slade GD; Goss AN; Gorkic E; South Australian Dental Service, Adelaide.
This study aimed to assess oral health status and the social impact of oral conditions among dental patients with HIV infection in comparison with general dental patients receiving public-funded care in Adelaide, South Australia . DMFT and CPITN indices were recorded by one denti


New strategies for treating AIDS.
Bioessays. 1996 May;18(5):343-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220664
Sandstrom PA; Folks TM; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
To date, the effective management of HIV-1 infection by anti-retroviral drugs has proved remarkably difficult to achieve. This is primarily due to the ease with which HIV-1 becomes resistant to drugs which initially may be very effective at blocking viral replication. In a recent issue of Science, two promising new AI


Mycobacterium kansasii septic arthritis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Arthritis Rheum. 1996 May;39(5):881-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212452
Garcia Vivar ML; Gonzalez de Etxabarri S; Galindez Agirregoikoa E; Santamaria JM; Hospital de Basurto Bilbao, Spain.
A sensitive assay for the quantification of reverse transcriptase activity based on the use of carrier-bound template and non-radioactive-product detection, with special reference to human-immunodeficiency-virus isolation.
Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 1996 Apr;23 ( Pt 2):95-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206778
Ekstrand DH; Awad RJ; Kallander CF; Gronowitz JS; Department of Medical Genetics, Uppsala University, Sweden.
A non-radioactive 96-well microtitre plate reverse transcriptase (RT) assay, based on the use of covalently bound riboadenosine homopolymer in the wells and 5-bromodeoxyuridined 5 -triphosphate (BrdUTP) as dNTP, is described. The whole assay is performed in a single well, including the quantitative detection of incorp


Upper aerodigestive tract squamous cell carcinoma. The human immunodeficiency virus connection.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996 Jun;122(6):639-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240260
Singh B; Balwally AN; Shaha AR; Rosenfeld RM; Har-El G; Lucente FE; Department of Otolaryngology, State University of New York Health; Science Center at Brooklyn, NY, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence, distribution, and course of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the upper aerodigestive tract in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and compare it to SCC in non-HIV-infected patients. DESIGN: Case-control study of all patients with SCC during a 9.5-year per


Variants of Kaposi's sarcoma in Southern Africa. A retrospective analysis (1980-1992).
Acta Oncol. 1996;35(2):193-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211349
Stein ME; Lachter J; Spencer D; Margolius L; Bezwoda WR; Northern Israel Oncology Center, Haifa, Israel.
All types of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) are represented in the Southern African region. We present a retrospective analysis of patients with KS, treated and followed up at the Johannesburg General Hospital over a 12-year period (1980-1992). One hundred and nineteen patients with KS, divided into four groups according to th


A study on the epidemiology of hepatitis C infection among blood donors in Singapore.
J Public Health Med. 1995 Dec;17(4):387-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206632
Wang JE; University of Aberdeen.
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection has been identified as the main cause of post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH) since 1989. Despite this, little is known regarding the prevalence and mode of transmission of the disease. The purpose of this study was therefore to study the demographic factors associated with HC


Demographics of HIV-infected persons attending a dental clinic.
Br Dent J. 1996 Apr 20;180(8):303-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220593
Porter SR; Luker J; Scully C; Department of Oral Medicine, Eastman Dental Institute, London.
The demographics of 147 HIV-infected persons attending a special care dental clinic in South West England are reported. The majority of attendants were homosexual/bisexual males, reflecting the UK epidemiology of HIV disease at the time of study. There was a substantial rise in patient numbers from 1988 onwards but pa


Adoptive immunotherapy.
Cancer Chemother Biol Response Modif. 1996;16:274-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96218563
Curti BD; Clinical Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Lymphomas.
Cancer Chemother Biol Response Modif. 1996;16:376-440. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96218568
Kwak LW; Longo DL; Clinical Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, MD 21702-1201,; USA.
AIDS-associated malignancies.
Cancer Chemother Biol Response Modif. 1996;16:441-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96218569
Krown SE; Clinical Immunology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer; Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Although currently diagnosed in about 40% of HIV-infected individuals at some point in their clinical course, AIDS-associated malignancies may increase in frequency as survival is prolonged and, particularly, as greater numbers of HIV infections occur in women. Although this review has been devoted to AIDS-defining ca


Comparison of benzimidazole nucleosides and ganciclovir on the in vitro proliferation and colony formation of human bone marrow progenitor cells.
Br J Haematol. 1996 May;93(2):273-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213805
Nassiri MR; Emerson SG; Devivar RV; Townsend LB; Drach JC; Taichman RS; Department of Biologic and Materials Science, School of; Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Recently we have shown that certain benzimidazole ribonucleosides are potent and selective inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication. Because antiviral drugs used to treat HCMV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections can suppress marrow progenitors, we have e


Human T leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) specific T-helper cell response: clonal fluctuations and repertoire heterogeneity.
Br J Haematol. 1996 May;93(2):287-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213807
Li Pira G; Westby M; Oppezzi L; Ferraris A; Lancia F; Piatti G; Fenoglio D; Saverino D; Arp J; Dekaban G; Dalgleish A; Manca F; Department of Immunology, San Martino Hospital, University of; Genoa, Italy.
The naive T-helper (Th) repertoire specific for HTLV-1 envelope (env) has been examined on antigen specific T-cell lines and clones from non-immune individuals. Clonal heterogeneity was determined by analysing the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta gene usage and by sequencing the hypervariable regions of the TCR genes. Fluc


Transmission of symptomatic parvovirus B19 infection by clotting factor concentrate.
Br J Haematol. 1996 May;93(2):457-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213837
Yee TT; Cohen BJ; Pasi KJ; Lee CA; Haemophilia Centre and Haemostasis Unit, Royal Free Hospital,; London, UK.
The risk of acquiring diseases from transfusion of blood and blood products is well recognized and the issue of parvovirus in haemophiliacs is not a new one. We report two patients with haemophilia acquiring iatrogenic parvovirus B19 infection, resulting in life-threatening sepsis in one, and immunocompetent adult. Ov


Association of autoantibodies against platelet glycoproteins Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa, and platelet-reactive anti-HIV antibodies in thrombocytopenic narcotic addicts.
Br J Haematol. 1996 May;93(2):464-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213839
Gonzalez-Conejero R; Rivera J; Rosillo MC; Cano A; Rodriguez T; Vicente V; Unit of Haematology and Haemotherapy, Hospital General; Universitario, Murcia, Spain.
The levels of platelet-associated Igs (PAIgs) and plasma circulating antiplatelet antibodies were evaluated by a flow cytometric immunofluorescence assay (FCIFA), an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), and a platelet radioactive antiglobulin test (PRAT), in a group of 45 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected intr


Anti-HCV seroreversion in HIV-negative haemophiliacs [letter]
Br J Haematol. 1996 May;93(2):497-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213849
Aguilar C; Lucia JF
Lymphoid cell resistance to glucocorticoids in HIV infection.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Mar;57(5-6):259-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235996
Kawa SK; Thompson EB; The University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Human; Biological Chemistry and Genetics, Galveston, TX 77555-0645, USA.
In humans infected with the HIV-1 virus there may be a disproportionate severity of signs and symptoms of illness compared to the fraction of CD4+ infected T-lymphoid cells. In part, this may be due to altered intercellular signalling systems and intracellular signal transduction. Glucocorticoids are well known for th


Sequence-specific actinomycin D binding to single-stranded DNA inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase and other polymerases.
Biochemistry. 1996 Mar 19;35(11):3525-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96241608
Rill RL; Hecker KH; Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Biophysics,; Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-3006, USA.
Primer extension assays using recombinant templates constructed to contain all 256 possible base quartets in a minimum length sequence were used to examine binding of the anticancer drug actinomycin D to single-stranded DNA. Single-stranded templates were generated by digestion of linearized plasmid with the double-st


Carboranyl oligonucleotides. 3. Biochemical properties of oligonucleotides containing 5-(o-carboranyl-1-yl)-2'-deoxyuridine.
Biochemistry. 1996 May 7;35(18):5741-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216846
Lesnikowski ZJ; Fulcrand G; Lloyd RM Jr; Juodawlkis A; Schinazi RF; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia 30033-4004,; USA.
Boronated oligonucleotides are potential candidates for boron neutron capture therapy, antisense technology, and as tools in molecular biology. The biological properties of dodecathymidylic acids containing one or more 5-(o-carboran-1-yl)-2 -deoxyuridine residues at different locations within the oligonucleotide chain


RNA conformation in the Tat-TAR complex determined by site-specific photo-cross-linking.
Biochemistry. 1996 May 21;35(20):6491-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224855
Wang Z; Rana TM; Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School,; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway,; USA.
Transcriptional regulation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires specific interactions of Tat protein with the transactivation responsive region (TAR) RNA, a 59-base stem-loop structure located at the 5 -end of all mRNAs. We have used a site-specific cross-linking method based on 4-thiouracil (4-thio


Inhibitory RNA ligand to reverse transcriptase from feline immunodeficiency virus.
Biochemistry. 1996 May 28;35(21):6923-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234998
Chen H; McBroom DG; Zhu YQ; Gold L; North TW; Department of Molecular, University of Colorado at Boulder 80309,; USA.
High-affinity, high-specificity RNA ligands for reverse transcriptase from feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were isolated from an RNA library by the SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) procedure. The selected RNA ligands bound to FIV reverse transcriptase with dissociation constants in


Characterization of the p68/p58 heterodimer of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 reverse transcriptase.
Biochemistry. 1996 Feb 13;35(6):1911-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229915
Fan N; Rank KB; Poppe SM; Tarpley WG; Sharma SK; Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001, USA.
Recently we demonstrated that the p58 subunit of p68/p58 HIV-2 reverse transcriptase (RT) heterodimer, produced by processing of p68/p68 homodimer with recombinant HIV-2 protease, terminates at Met484 [Fan, N., et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 13573-13579]. Here we describe purification and characterization of the p6


In vitro T lymphopoiesis of human and rhesus CD34+ progenitor cells.
Blood. 1996 May 15;87(10):4040-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220248
Rosenzweig M; Marks DF; Zhu H; Hempel D; Mansfield KG; Sehgal PK; Kalams S; Scadden DT; Johnson RP; Division of Immunology, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA 01772, USA.
Differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells into T lymphocytes generally occurs in the unique environment of the thymus, a feature that has hindered efforts to model this process in the laboratory. We now report that thymic stromal cultures from rhesus macaques can support T-cell differentiation of human or rhes


A concurrent human herpesvirus-6 infection renders two human hematopoietic progenitor (TF-1 and KG-1) cell lines susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus type-1.
Blood. 1996 Jun 1;87(11):4737-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219653
Furlini G; Vignoli M; Ramazzotti E; Re MC; Visani G; La Placa; Institute of Microbiology of the University of Bologna, Italy.
In human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infected individuals, CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells are profoundly impaired in their proliferation/differentiation capacities. The bulk of the available experimental evidence seems to indicate that hematopoietic progenitors are not susceptible to HIV-1 infecti


In vitro antioxidant treatment recovers proliferative responses of anergic CD4+ lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals.
Blood. 1996 Jun 1;87(11):4746-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219654
Cayota A; Vuillier F; Gonzalez G; Dighiero G; Unite d' Immunohematologie et d'Immunopathologie, Institut; Pasteur, Paris France.
Oxidative stress has been proposed to be involved in the immunologic defeat observed in effector calls of the immune system as well as in lymphocyte cell death and viral replication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Because thiol-containing antioxidants such as N-acetyl-L-cysteine have been show


The pathophysiology of pure red cell aplasia: implications for therapy.
Blood. 1996 Jun 1;87(11):4831-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219665
Charles RJ; Sabo KM; Kidd PG; Abkowitz JL; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195,; USA.
To determine the utility of marrow culture in defining the natural history and therapeutic response of pure red cell aplasia we have studied 37 patients. Patients were evaluated at the University of Washington before specific therapies (n = 21) or at the time of treatment failure in = 16). Evaluation included a medica


Human erythrocytes bearing electroinserted CD4 neutralize infection in vitro by primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Blood. 1996 Jun 1;87(11):4839-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219666
Tosi PF; Schwartz D; Sharma U; Mouneimne Y; Hannig J; Li G; McKinley G; Grieco M; Flexner CW; Lazarte J; Norse D; Nicolau C; Volsky DJ; Center for Blood Research Laboratory and Harvard Medical School,; Boston, MA, USA.
Human erythrocytes bearing electroinserted full-length CD4 (RBC-CD4) can bind and fuse with a laboratory strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) or with T cells infected by HIV-1. Here we show that RBC-CD4 neutralize primary HIV-1 strains in an assay of cocultivation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells


CD30 (Ki-1)-positive malignant lymphomas: clinical, immunophenotypic, histologic, and genetic characteristics and differences with Hodgkin's disease.
Blood. 1996 Apr 1;87(7):2905-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219987
Filippa DA; Ladanyi M; Wollner N; Straus DJ; O'Brien JP; Portlock C; Gangi M; Sun M; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY, 10021 USA.
This study compares the histologic and immunophenotypic features of 71 cases of primary CD30+ diffuse large-cell lymphomas (DLCL) and 128 cases of Hodgkin s disease (HD) and discusses the clinical features of 52 patients with CD30+ DLCL. It includes analysis of sites of involvement, staging, response to treatment, sit


Frequent expression of interleukin-10 by Epstein-Barr virus-harboring tumor cells of Hodgkin's disease.
Blood. 1996 Apr 1;87(7):2918-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219988
Herbst H; Foss HD; Samol J; Araujo I; Klotzbach H; Krause H; Agathanggelou A; Niedobitek G; Stein H; Institut fur Pathologie, Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freie; Universitat Berlin, Germany.
Tumor cells of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated Hodgkin s disease (HD) express the viral protein, latent infection membrane protein-1 (LMP1), but evade cytotoxic responses normally directed at this antigen. We tested whether local production of the immunoregulatory interleukins (IL)-4 and -10 may have a role in thi


[The recrudescence of sexually transmitted diseases--an alarm signal for an increase in the sexual transmission of HIV infection]
Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol. 1995 Jul-Dec;40(3-4):215-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219148
Darstaru E; Itoafa V; Voicu EV; David M; IPSMP, Brasov.
[The measurement of plasma viral loads in HIV-infected children. Their possible role in parenteral transmission]
Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol. 1995 Jul-Dec;40(3-4):235-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219153
Apetrei C; Descamps D; Diculencu D; Panzaru C; Coman G; Simon F; Duca M; Brun-Vezinet F; Disciplina de Microbiologie, U.M.F. Iasi.
[False-positive ELISA reactions for the hepatitis C virus and the human immunodeficiency virus after anti-influenzal vaccination]
Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol. 1995 Jul-Dec;40(3-4):249-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219156
Ionita E; Lupulescu E; Alexandrescu V; Chirita C; Balteanu M; Negut AE; Institutul Cantacuzino.
Possible appearance of ELISA false-positive results for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after vaccination against influenza was studied on 402 volunteers before, and 30 and 90 days after that. Our results prove that influenza vaccine can sometimes induce false-positive ELISA for HCV, but


[The relevance of phenotypic markers for progression in AIDS in HIV-1+ children]
Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol. 1995 Jul-Dec;40(3-4):253-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219157
Zugun F; Sfartz S; Carasevici E; Laboratorul de Imunologie Tumorala, Iasi.
[Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV infection in the district of Dire in Mali]
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1995 Mar;88(4):174-8; discussion 178-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213160
Kodio B; Traore B; Cordetta P; Traore AK; Marjolet M; Ag Rhaly A; Maiga YI; Institut National de Recherche en Sante publique (INRSP),; Bamako, Mali.
In 1990, a study was made in the district of Dire, North Mali in West Africa, to determine the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV infections in general population. From 1,814 subjects tested, 1.1% (n = 20) have active pulmonary tuberculosis and 0.2% (n = 4) were seropositiv


Detection and sequence analysis of a new herpesvirus-like agent in AIDS and non-AIDS Kaposi's sarcoma in Taiwan.
J Formos Med Assoc. 1996 Jan;95(1):13-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226775
Su IJ; Huang LM; Wu SJ; Jin YT; Kao YF; Tsai TF; Lee JY; Hsu YH; Hsiao CH; Chang YC; Wang YW; Lee CY; Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Medical; College and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
A new herpesvirus-like DNA sequence (KSHV) has been recently identified in Kaposi s sarcoma from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and non-AIDS patients. In order to verify the role of this new viral agent in Taiwan , a serie


Microbial threats in Taiwan [editorial]
J Formos Med Assoc. 1996 Jan;95(1):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226773
Luh KT
Transfusion-acquired AIDS in Taiwan.
J Formos Med Assoc. 1996 Jan;95(1):51-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226781
Yao C; Wang WW; Chung YM; Su YL; Liu CY; Chen YM; Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University,; Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be transmitted through blood transfusion. The first transfusion-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient in Taiwan was a 46-year-old woman who received two units of whole bloo


[Estimation of risk of virus transmission in hepatitis B and C and human retrovirus via transfusion of labile blood derivatives]
Transfus Clin Biol. 1996;3(1):13-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222839
Courouce AM; Pillonel J; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris.
This study estimates the risk of transmitting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) from blood units using a seroconversion incidence model. Data from 13 blood transfusion centers collecting about 1 million donations per year and belo


[Residual risks of viral transmission by transfusions and projected yields of additional screening tests. Retrovirus Epidemiology Donors Study (REDS)]
Transfus Clin Biol. 1996;3(1):7-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222838
Busch MP; Irwin Memorial Blood Centers, San Francisco, California 94118,; USA.
The residual risk of virus transmission associated with infectious seroconversion, window period donations can be estimated by combining the incidence rate of infection among repeat donors with the duration of the pre-seroconversion window period, thus deriving the rate of window phase donations missed by current scre


Drug addict deaths in north and west London and prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B infection.
Sci Justice. 1996 Apr-Jun;36(2):85-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96237611
Paterson SC; Vanezis P; Claydon SM; Forensic Toxicology Department, Charing Cross and Westminster; Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
In a survey of 176 drug addict deaths occurring from 1987 to 1992 inclusive, in North and West London, nine were HIV positive, eight were hepatitis B positive, and two were positive for both infections; 63% were injectors. Of the 176 deaths, 115 were directly related to drug poisoning, 38 were due to complications of


Japan's anti-AIDS drug arsenal slowly expands [news]
Nat Med. 1996 Jun;2(6):621. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233633
Nathan R
HIV viral load markers in clinical practice.
Nat Med. 1996 Jun;2(6):625-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233635
Saag MS; Holodniy M; Kuritzkes DR; O'Brien WA; Coombs R; Poscher ME; Jacobsen DM; Shaw GM; Richman DD; Volberding PA; University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-2050, USA.
Plasma HIV RNA determinations are an important prognostic marker of disease progression and, when used appropriately, provide a valuable tool for the management of individual patients. But what constitutes appropriate use?


Fusin--a place for HIV-1 and T4 cells to meet.
Nat Med. 1996 Jun;2(6):640-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233642
Dimitrov DS; National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Vacuolar myelopathy in transgenic mice expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteins under the regulation of the myelin basic protein gene promoter.
Nat Med. 1996 Jun;2(6):655-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233646
Goudreau G; Carpenter S; Beaulieu N; Jolicoeur P; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Vacuolar myelopathy is a common neurological complication in AIDS patients. The pathogenesis of this spinal cord white matter disease remains unclear and it is still debated whether infection of spinal cord with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is causing the disease. We have generated transgenic mice e


Testicular germ cell tumors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Cancer. 1996 May 15;77(10):2109-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206030
Hentrich MU; Brack NG; Schmid P; Schuster T; Clemm C; Hartenstein RC; Department of Medicine IV, Munich Harlaching City Hospital,; Germany.
BACKGROUND. There has been evidence of a higher incidence of testicular germ cell tumors (GCT) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive men than in the non HIV-infected male population. Most authors recommend standard therapy for HIV-positive patients with GCT but the immumosuppressive effects of chemotherap


Combination chemotherapy with doxorubicin, bleomycin, and vindesine for AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
Cancer. 1996 May 15;77(10):2117-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206031
Tavio M; Vaccher E; Antinori A; Ammassari A; Cusini M; Fasan M; Accurso V; Garavelli LP; Repetto L; Tirelli U; Division of Medical Oncology and AIDS, Centro di Riferimento; Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.
BACKGROUND. Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common neoplasm in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Although the best therapeutic approach is still unclear, patients with advanced KS are usually treated with systemic chemotherapy. METHODS. A prospective multiinstitutional Italian study evaluated th


Second-line chemotherapy in human immunodeficiency virus-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: evidence of activity of a combination of etoposide, mitoxantrone, and prednimustine in relapsed patients.
Cancer. 1996 May 15;77(10):2127-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206033
Tirelli U; Errante D; Spina M; Gastaldi R; Nigra E; Nosari AM; Magnani G; Vaccher E; Division of Medical Oncology and AIDS, Cancer Center, Aviano,; Italy.
BACKGROUND. There is very little experience reported in the literature on the treatment of patients with relapsed or resistant human immunodeficiency virus-related non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (HIV-NHL). We performed a prospective study to evaluate the feasibility and activity of a secon


Herpesvirus-like DNA sequences and Kaposi's sarcoma: relationship with epidemiology, clinical spectrum, and histologic features.
Cancer. 1996 May 15;77(10):2132-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206034
Noel JC; Hermans P; Andre J; Fayt I; Simonart Th; Verhest A; Haot J; Burny A; Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels,; Belgium.
BACKGROUND. The evidence of an infectious agent other than human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acting as a possible etiologic cause of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) has received considerable attention in the last years. Recently, DNA sequences from a new herpesvirus (HHV-8) have been observed in several cases of KS. The discov


HLA-A2-restricted peripheral blood cytolytic T lymphocyte response to HPV type 16 proteins E6 and E7 from patients with neoplastic cervical lesions.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1996 Mar;42(3):151-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222279
Evans C; Bauer S; Grubert T; Brucker C; Baur S; Heeg K; Wagner H; Lipford GB; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Technical University of; Munich, Germany.
The DNA from human papillomavirus (HPV) can be detected in 90% of cervical carcinomas. To address whether patients infected with HPV can mount efficient T cell responses to this pathogen we examined the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with abnormal genit


Differential induction of programmed cell death in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells by the B subunit of cholera toxin.
Cell Immunol. 1996 Mar 15;168(2):229-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228279
Yankelevich B; Soldatenkov VA; Hodgson J; Polotsky AJ; Creswell K; Mazumder A; Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Lombardi Cancer Center,; Department of Radiation Medicine Georgetown University Medical; Center, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
We have recently demonstrated that a short-term treatment of parental splenocytes with the B subunit of cholera toxin (CT-B) abrogates the development of acute GVHD in F1 hybrid mice transplanted with these cells. In order to obtain better insight into the mechanism of the action of CT-B, we studied the effect of CT-B


Regulation of cytokine mRNA expression in activated lymphocytes by human choriocarcinoma JAR cells.
Cell Immunol. 1996 Mar 15;168(2):251-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228282
Jarvis JN; Zhao L; Moore HT; Long PM; Vani Gutta P; Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of; Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Because the fetus is semiallogenic to the mother, considerable modulation of the maternal immune response must occur in order for pregnancy to be successfully carried to term. Some authors have hypothesized that the immunomodulation of pregnancy includes an adjustment of cytokine responses away from the Th1 paradigm a


Expression of fibronectin and its receptor in some tumour cell lines and in HIV-1-infected cells.
Cell Biochem Funct. 1996 Jun;14(2):105-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242302
Pugliese A; Comito G; Savarino A; Cantamessa C; Torre D; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, Italy.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the levels of fibronectin (FN) and its classic receptor (FNR) in various transformed cells lines, especially of leukemic origin, and also the influence of HIV-1 replication on the expression of these proteins (in particular on H9-V cells, chronically infected with HIV-1, and acutel


Isolated lymphadenopathy on chest radiographs of HIV-infected patients.
Clin Radiol. 1996 May;51(5):345-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216594
Haramati LB; Choi Y; Widrow CA; Austin JH; Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Jacobi Medical Center, New York 10461, USA.
AIM: To determine the aetiology of isolated intrathoracic lymphadenopathy on chest radiographs of HIV-infected patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over a 40 month span in 1990-1993, 18 HIV-infected patients (13 men, 5 women) from our New York City adult HIV outpatient clinic development isolated intrathoracic lymphadenopa


Immunosuppression of thyroiditis [see comments]
Endocrinology. 1996 Jun;137(6):2199-207. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217254
Guimaraes VC; Quintans J; Fisfalen ME; Straus FH; Fields PE; Medeiros-Neto G; DeGroot LJ; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637,; USA.
Immunization of mice with 50 micrograms human thyroglobulin (TG) in complete Freund s adjuvant leads to histological thyroiditis; production of IgG, IgA, and IgM anti-TG antibodies; and in vitro proliferative responses after incubation of lymphocytes with TG. Oral administration of 500 micrograms TG at four intervals


A role for CD8+ T lymphocytes in osteoclast differentiation in vitro.
Endocrinology. 1996 Jun;137(6):2457-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217286
John V; Hock JM; Short LL; Glasebrook AL; Galvin RJ; Indiana University, School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, USA.
Bone loss associated with chronic inflammatory diseases has been attributed to the release of cytokines from T lymphocytes. However, the role of T lymphocyte subsets in the mediation of osteoclast activity has not been extensively studied. Cocultures of murine bone marrow and BALC cells (murine calvarial-derived cell


Correlation between in vitro resistance to fluconazole and clinical outcome of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1996 Jan;15(1):30-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96236629
Quereda C; Polanco AM; Giner C; Sanchez-Sousa A; Pereira E; Navas E; Fortun J; Guerrero A; Baquero F; Department of Microbiology, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, National; Institute of Health (INSALUD), Madrid, Spain.
Fifty episodes of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients were analyzed prospectively in order to evaluate the clinical response to fluconazole. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of fluconazole for the Candida strains isolated from the pharynx were correlated with the clinical response. Treatment


Simultaneous human immunodeficiency virus and Hepatitis C infection following a needlestick injury.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1996 Jan;15(1):92-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96236642
Garces JM; Yazbeck H; Pi-Sunyer T; Gutierrez-Cebollada J; Lopez-Colomes JL; Comite de Infecciones, Hospital Universitario del Mar,; Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Needlestick injuries to health professionals at the Hospital del Mar, Barcelona since 1987 have been prospectively studied; a total of 296 such accidents in 286 subjects have been registered. We report the first case to our knowledge of simultaneous human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infection in


The deoxyuridine suppression test in HIV-1 positive patients: the role of azydothymidine (AZT).
Eur J Haematol. 1996 Apr;56(4):208-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222304
Garcia-Die F; Remacha A; Cadafalch J; Barcelo MJ; Parellada MM; Arza B; Hematology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
The deoxyuridine suppression test (dUST) was used to evaluate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 positive (HIV-1) patients with low serum levels of vitamin B12 and/or low red cell folate and to assess any possible interferences of azydothymidine ( AZT


Characterization and regulation of interleukin-4 receptor in adult T-cell leukemia cells.
Eur J Haematol. 1996 Apr;56(4):241-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96222309
Mori N; Shirakawa F; Murakami S; Oda S; Eto S; First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational; and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Kitakyushu, Japan.
We studied the expression of the receptor of interleukin (IL-4), one of the T cell growth factors, on fresh peripheral blood leukemic cells from adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients. Flow cytofluorometric analysis with a monoclonal antibody to the IL-4 receptor (IL-4R) were used to investigate whether expression of IL


NF-kappaB p50 subunit cross-linking to DNA duplexes, containing a monosubstituted pyrophosphate internucleotide bond.
FEBS Lett. 1996 Feb 26;381(1-2):35-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193908
Kubareva EA; Fedorova OA; Gottikh MB; Tanaka H; Malvy C; Shabarova ZA; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology and; Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Russia.
The new express technique based on the use of BrCN to synthesize DNA duplexes, containing non-substituted or monosubstituted pyrophosphate internucleotide bonds has been proposed. Using this technique, DNA duplexes having modified internucleotide bonds between dT and dC residues in the human NF-kappaB transcription fa


Dental health care workers at risk.
Dent Clin North Am. 1996 Apr;40(2):277-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96252108
Garfunkel AA; Galili D; Department of Oral Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Hospital,; Jerusalem, Israel.
Healthy DHCWs do not seem to be at significantly higher risk for occupationally acquired diseases when compared with other HCWs. Special attention should be paid to DHCWs who are more susceptible to diseases potentially transmitted in a dental setting. These DHCWs include pregnant women, due to their immunologic chang


The role of the dentist in the era of AIDS.
Dent Clin North Am. 1996 Apr;40(2):343-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96252112
Glick M; Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of; Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
Dental care providers are constantly redefining their role in response to new medical challenges. The AIDS era has invoked stimulating discussions on several issues providers need to address as participants in the healthcare dilemmas surrounding this disease. This article considers six major issues on which dental wor


Herpesvirus infections.
Dent Clin North Am. 1996 Apr;40(2):359-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96252113
Greenberg MS; Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of; Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
There are presently seven known herpes viruses that infect humans. Those viruses are important in the fields of oral medicine and dentistry because they cause oral lesions, infect saliva, and cause serious and potentially life-threatening infections in patients whose immune systems are compromised by cancer chemothera


Oral manifestations of infectious diseases.
Dent Clin North Am. 1996 Apr;40(2):395-423. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96252116
Laskaris G; Dental School, A. Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece.
The oral manifestations of infectious diseases is a major topic since the prevalence rate has increased, and usually poses diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas to the oral clinician. The clinical features of the most common and important oral infectious diseases are discussed.


Postexposure protocol.
Dent Clin North Am. 1996 Apr;40(2):457-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96252119
Younai FS; Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, New York University; College of Dentistry, New York, USA.
This article offers an overview of the major bloodborne and communicable diseases. The organisms are classified based on the level of risk they pose to the dental care worker (DCW) in the occupational settings. Most recent epidemiologic findings and scientific information on occupational exposures are discussed. Poste


Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in HIV infections.
FASEB J. 1996 Feb;10(2):258-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206078
Ahmad A; Menezes J; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Montreal; and Ste-Justine Hospital, Quebec, Canada.
ADCC is an important immune effector mechanism against tumor and virus-infected cells that can be destroyed by the combined action of specific antibodies of IgG isotype against cell surface-associated antigens and effector cells, predominantly of the NK phenotype. ADCC has been shown to function in vivo in several sys


Altered brain fyn kinase in a murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
FASEB J. 1996 Feb;10(2):339-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206087
Sei Y; Whitesell L; Kustova Y; Paul IA; Morse HC 3rd; Skolnick P; Basile AS; Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Diabetes and; Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Mice infected with the replication-defective virus (BM5def) in the LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) mixture develop an immune deficiency syndrome and encephalopathy characterized by impaired spatial learning and memory as demonstrated in the Morris water maze. However, the molecular mechanism (or mechanisms) underl


Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1.
Gynecol Oncol. 1996 Jun;61(3):384-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233984
Korn AP; Abercrombie PD; Foster A; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences,; University of California, San Francisco, 94110, USA.
The purpose of this study was to determine the response of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) lesions to standard treatment methods in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We reviewed all cases of VIN over a 4-year period at an inner-city hospital. We reviewed the clinical records of these women


Suspected idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia in a young patient with vulvar carcinoma stage IV.
Gynecol Oncol. 1996 Jun;61(3):423-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233990
Rijnders RJ; van den Ende IE; Huikeshoven FJ; Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Rotterdam Dijkzigt,; The Netherlands.
A case of a woman having a large invasive vulvar carcinoma is reported. Because of the early age of onset and recurrent pneumonia, immunodeficiency was suspected. There appeared to be a repetitive low CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, without evidence of HIV infection or other diseases or therapies known to be clearly associat


[Nucleotide sequence and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the long terminal repeat of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II)]
Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi. 1996 Mar;71(2):229-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202248
Kubo T; Second Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University School of; Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Molecular studies have demonstrated the existence of two major subtypes of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II, HTLV-IIa and HTLV-IIb. In attempts to further classify this family of viruses we have carried out nucleotide sequence and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the long terminal rep


Plasmodium falciparum induces apoptosis in human mononuclear cells.
Infect Immun. 1996 Mar;64(3):744-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186468
Toure-Balde A; Sarthou JL; Aribot G; Michel P; Trape JF; Rogier C; Roussilhon C; Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal.
The level of spontaneous apoptosis in short-term lymphocyte cultures was evaluated in different human immunodeficiency virus-negative groups of either healthy control individuals or patients with clinical malaria. The mean percentage of spontaneous apoptosis found in patients during a malaria attack was significantly


Interleukin-10 downregulates Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced Th1 responses and CTLA-4 expression.
Infect Immun. 1996 Mar;64(3):913-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186492
Gong JH; Zhang M; Modlin RL; Linsley PS; Iyer D; Lin Y; Barnes PF; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, USA.
To characterize the mechanism by which interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits Th1 responses to intracellular pathogens, we evaluated the interaction between IL-10 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from persons across the spectrum of tuberculou


[Transgenic mice as models for skin diseases]
Hautarzt. 1995 Nov;46(11):755-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96115629
Sellheyer K; Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; Texas, USA.
Naturally occurring animal models are not available even for most common skin diseases. Transgenic technology developed during the 1980s is closing this gap. It was initially used as a tool by scientists in basic research, but during the last 5 years it has increasingly been applied by clinically oriented basic resear


[Generalized molluscum contagiosum in an African child with AIDS]
Hautarzt. 1995 Nov;46(11):799-803. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96115636
Harms G; Blume-Peytavi U; Bunikowski R; Gollnick H; Trautmann C; Orfanos CE; Universitats-Hautklinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum Benjamin; Franklin, Freie Universitat, Berlin.
A 12-year-old girl from Zaire with AIDS (CDC: P2 D1) presented with a generalized molluscum contagiosum infection. She had suffered from systemic cryptococcosis and from cryptosporidiosis several months before admission. While molluscum contagiousum infection is usually a self-lim


Murine asialo GM1+CD8+ T cells as novel interleukin-12-responsive killer T cell precursors.
Jpn J Cancer Res. 1996 May;87(5):429-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96251350
Lee U; Santa K; Habu S; Nishimura T; Department of Immunology, Tokai University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Freshly isolated CD8+ T cells, but not CD4+ T cells, contained 20-30% of asialo GM1+ (ASGM1+) T cells which were distinct from ASGM1+NK1.1+ natural killer cells. This novel ASGM1+CD8+ T cell subpopulation showed a strong proliferative response to interleukin-12 (IL-12) in the presence of


Novel spirodihydrobenzofuranlactams as antagonists of endothelin and as inhibitors of HIV-1 protease produced by Stachybotrys sp. II. Structure determination.
J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1996 Apr;49(4):374-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221971
Roggo BE; Hug P; Moss S; Stampfli A; Kriemler HP; Peter HH; Core Drug Discovery Technologies, Pharmaceutical Division,; Ciba-Geigy Limited, Basel, Switzerland.
Study on the roles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the expression of host resistance to Mycobacterium leprae infection induced in athymic nude mice.
Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1995 Dec;63(4):539-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96231845
Maw WW; Tomioka H; Sato K; Yamada Y; Saito H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shimane Medical; University, Izumo, Japan.
The contribution of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells in the host resistance to Mycobacterium leprae was investigated. Athymic BALB/c nude mice were infected subcutaneously with M. leprae into the foot pads 1 or 3 weeks after adoptive transfer with whole, CD4 T cell-depleted, or CD8 T cell-depleted lymphocyte fractions prepared fr


Expansion of cytokine-producing CD4-CD8- T cells associated with abnormal Fas expression and hypereosinophilia [see comments]
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):1071-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228328
Simon HU; Yousefi S; Dommann-Scherrer CC; Zimmermann DR; Bauer S; Barandun J; Blaser K; Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University; of Zurich, Switzerland.
The mechanisms of sustained overproduction of eosinophils in the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome and in some human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected individuals are largely unknown. We hypothesized that T cells may release soluble products that regulate eosinophilia in these patients, as has been previousl


Human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes home preferentially to and induce selective regressions of autologous EBV-induced B cell lymphoproliferations in xenografted C.B-17 scid/scid mice.
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):1215-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228342
Lacerda JF; Ladanyi M; Louie DC; Fernandez JM; Papadopoulos EB; O'Reilly RJ; Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering; Cancer Center, New York 10021, USA.
C.B-17 scid/scid (severe combined immunodeficiency [SCID]) mice inoculated with peripheral blood lymphocytes from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-seropositive donors, or with EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid B cell lines (EBV-LCL), develop lethal human EBV+ B cell lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV-LPD) with characteristics si


Bone marrow-derived cells fail to induce positive selection in thymus reaggregation cultures.
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):1235-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228344
Ernst BB; Surh CD; Sprent J; Department of Immunology, IMM4, The Scripps Research Institute,; La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
The requirements for inducing positive selection of T cells were examined in thymus reaggregation cultures, a system in which dispersed populations of immature CD4+8+ cells and purified thymic epithelial cells (TEC) are reaggregated in tissue culture. Studies with TEC from mice selectively lacking major histocompatibi


CD4/CD8 lineage commitment: back to instruction?
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):713-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228290
von Boehmer H; Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.
Fas and the art of lymphocyte maintenance [comment]
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):721-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228292
Lenardo MJ; Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892, USA.
The cytoplasmic domain of CD4 promotes the development of CD4 lineage T cells.
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):731-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228294
Itano A; Salmon P; Kioussis D; Tolaini M; Corbella P; Robey E; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of; California, Berkeley, 94720, USA.
Thymocytes must bind major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins on thymic epithelial cells in order to mature into either CD8+ cytotoxic T cells or CD4+ helper T cells. Thymic precursors express both CD8 and CD4, and it has been suggested that the intracellular signals generated by CD8 or CD4 binding to class I o


Importance of low affinity Elf-1 sites in the regulation of lymphoid-specific inducible gene expression.
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):743-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228295
John S; Marais R; Child R; Light Y; Leonard WJ; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and; Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892, USA.
Elf-1 is an Ets family transcription factor that regulates a number of inducible lymphoid-specific genes, including those encoding interleukin 3 (IL-3), granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) alpha chain. A minimal olig


Low zone tolerance to contact allergens in mice: a functional role for CD8+ T helper type 2 cells.
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):759-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228297
Steinbrink K; Sorg C; Macher E; Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Munster,; Germany.
Normal skin is permeable to low molecular hydrophobic substances, including allergenic chemicals. Whereas such foreign matter appears to enter the skin naturally, it rarely induces contact hypersensitivity. This suggests that immunological tolerance would be the normal state of affairs. In search of a suitable model,


Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 envelope-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes by free antigenic peptide: a self-veto mechanism?
J Exp Med. 1996 Mar 1;183(3):879-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228309
Takahashi H; Nakagawa Y; Leggatt GR; Ishida Y; Saito T; Yokomuro K; Berzofsky JA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School,; Tokyo, Japan.
Free peptide has been found to inhibit cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity, and veto cells bearing peptide-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) complexes have been found to inactivate CTL, but the two phenomena have not been connected. Here we show that a common mechanism may apply to both. CD8+ CTL lines or clone


The human OX40/gp34 system directly mediates adhesion of activated T cells to vascular endothelial cells.
J Exp Med. 1996 May 1;183(5):2185-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235028
Imura A; Hori T; Imada K; Ishikawa T; Tanaka Y; Maeda M; Imamura S; Uchiyama T; Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Kyoto University, Japan.
Fresh leukemic cells from patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and some ATL-derived T cell lines show adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) mainly through E-selectin, but a proportion of this binding remains unaffected by the addition of combinations of antibodies against known adhesion mole


Protection from anti-TCR/CD3-induced apoptosis in immature thymocytes by a signal through thymic shared antigen-1/stem cell antigen-2.
J Exp Med. 1996 May 1;183(5):2355-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235045
Noda S; Kosugi A; Saitoh S; Narumiya S; Hamaoka T; Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Medical School,; Japan.
During T cell development in the thymus, the expression of thymic shared antigen-1 (TSA-1)/stem cell antigen-2 (Sca-2), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored differentiation antigen, is developmentally regulated. The expression level of TSA-1 is the highest in most immature CD4- CD8- thymocytes, high in CD4+ C


T cell-mediated eradication of murine metastatic melanoma induced by targeted interleukin 2 therapy.
J Exp Med. 1996 May 1;183(5):2361-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235046
Becker JC; Pancook JD; Gillies SD; Furukawa K; Reisfeld RA; Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla,; CA 92037, USA.
Induction of a T-cell mediated antitumor response is the ultimate goal for tumor immunotherapy. We demonstrate here that antibody-targeted IL2 therapy is effective against established pulmonary and hepatic melanoma metastases in a syngeneic murine tumor model. The effector mechanisms involved in this tumor eradication


Monocyte chemotactic protein 4 (MCP-4), a novel structural and functional analogue of MCP-3 and eotaxin.
J Exp Med. 1996 May 1;183(5):2379-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235049
Uguccioni M; Loetscher P; Forssmann U; Dewald B; Li H; Lima SH; Li Y; Kreider B; Garotta G; Thelen M; Baggiolini M; Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland.
A novel human CC chemokine complementary DNA was identified in a library constructed from human fetal RNA, cloned into a baculovirus vector, and expressed in Sf9 insect cells. The mature recombinant protein that was released had the NH2-terminal sequence pyro-QPDALNVPSTC...and consisted of 75 amino acids. Minor amount


Human herpesvirus-8/Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is a new transmissible virus that infects B cells.
J Exp Med. 1996 May 1;183(5):2385-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235050
Mesri EA; Cesarman E; Arvanitakis L; Rafii S; Moore MA; Posnett DN; Knowles DM; Asch AS; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New; York 10021, USA.
Herpesviral DNA fragments isolated from AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) tissue (KSHV-DNA) share homology with two lymphotropic oncogenic gamma-herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus and Herpesvirus saimiri, and are present in the lesions of more than 95% of HIV and non-HIV-associated forms of KS, AIDS-related body ca


DNA amplification in glial cells of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: an image analysis study.
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1996 Jun;55(6):729-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239569
Ariza A; Mate JL; Serrano S; Isamat M; Keysers U; Aracil C; Navas-Palacios JJ; Department of Pathology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol,; Barcelona, Spain.
JC virus (JCV), the agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), has been shown by both immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry to be associated with p53 protein stabilization. Since stabilization/inactivation of p53 is associated with the development of genomic instability, abnormal cell DNA contents ar


Reduced, oxidized and protein-bound forms of homocysteine and other aminothiols in plasma comprise the redox thiol status--a possible element of the extracellular antioxidant defense system.
J Nutr. 1996 Apr;126(4 Suppl):1281S-4S. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239436
Ueland PM; Mansoor MA; Guttormsen AB; Muller F; Aukrust P; Refsum H; Svardal AM; Division of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Biology,; University of Bergen, Norway.
Reduced, oxidized and protein-bound forms of homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine and cysteinylglycine in plasma interact via redox and disulphide exchange reactions, and these aminothiol species comprise a dynamic system referred to as redox thiol status. Notably, in plasma reduced cysteine is the most abundant low molecular


Antitumor agents. 166. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5,6,7,8-substituted-2-phenylthiochromen-4-ones.
J Med Chem. 1996 May 10;39(10):1975-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220310
Wang HK; Bastow KF; Cosentino LM; Lee KH; Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of; Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, USA.
As a continuation of our structure--activity relationship study of substituted 2-phenyl-4-quinolones and flavonoids as antitumor and antiviral agents, a series of 5,6,7,8-substituted-2-phenylthiochromen-4-ones has been synthesized by condensation of substituted thiophenols and ethyl benzoylacetates. Target compounds w


Decomposition pathways and in vitro HIV inhibitory effects of isoddA pronucleotides: toward a rational approach for intracellular delivery of nucleoside 5'-monophosphates.
J Med Chem. 1996 May 10;39(10):1981-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220311
Valette G; Pompon A; Girardet JL; Cappellacci L; Franchetti P; Grifantini M; La Colla P; Loi AG; Perigaud C; Gosselin G; Imbach JL; Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, URA CNRS 488, Universite; Montpellier II, France.
The decomposition pathways and kinetics in various biological media and the in vitro anti-HIV-1 and anti-HIV-2 activities of four derivatives of the 5 -mononucleotide of isoddA incorporating carboxylate esterase-labile transient phosphate protecting groups are reported and compared: namely, two mononucleoside aryl pho


Aminodiol HIV protease inhibitors. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of P1/P1' compounds: correlation between lipophilicity and cytotoxicity.
J Med Chem. 1996 May 10;39(10):1991-2007. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220312
Chen P; Cheng PT; Alam M; Beyer BD; Bisacchi GS; Dejneka T; Evans AJ; Greytok JA; Hermsmeier MA; Humphreys WG; Jacobs GA; Kocy O; Lin PF; Lis KA; Marella MA; Ryono DE; Sheaffer AK; Spergel SH; Sun CQ; Tino JA; Vite G; Colonno RJ; Zahler R; Barrish JC; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute,; Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, USA.
A series of novel aminodiol inhibitors of HIV protease based on the lead compound 1 with structural modifications at P1 were synthesized in order to reduce the cytotoxicity of 1. We have observed a high degree of correlation between the lipophilicity and cytotoxicity of this series of inhibitors. It was found that ap


Discovery of novel, non-peptide HIV-1 protease inhibitors by pharmacophore searching.
J Med Chem. 1996 May 10;39(10):2047-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220317
Wang S; Milne GW; Yan X; Posey IJ; Nicklaus MC; Graham L; Rice WG; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255,; USA.
Fifteen novel non-peptide HIV-1 protease inhibitors were identified by flexible 3D database pharmacophore searching of the NCI DIS 3D database. The pharmacophore query used in the search was derived directly from the X-ray determined structures of protease/inhibitor


Inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease containing 2-aminobenzyl-substituted 4-amino-3-hydroxy-5-phenylpentanoic acid: synthesis, activity, and oral bioavailability.
J Med Chem. 1996 May 10;39(10):2060-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220319
Lehr P; Billich A; Charpiot B; Ettmayer P; Scholz D; Rosenwirth B; Gstach H; Sandoz Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
Systematic modifications of HIV protease inhibitor (2R,3S,4S)-4-[[(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-valyl]-amino]-3-hydroxy-2-[(- 4- methoxybenzyl)amino]-5-phenylpentanoyl)-L-valine 2-(aminomethyl)- benzimidazole amide led to a novel series of inhibitors with shortened, modified carboxy terminus. Their synthesis, in vitro enzyme


Evolution in a chronic RNA virus infection: selection on HTLV-I tax protein differs between healthy carriers and patients with tropical spastic paraparesis.
J Mol Evol. 1996 Apr;42(4):452-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215870
Niewiesk S; Bangham CR; Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital,; Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
HTLV-I causes T-cell leukemia and tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) in a minority of infected people, whereas the majority remain healthy. The virus differs little in sequence between isolates but has been shown to have a quasispecies structure. Using the Nei and Gojobori algorithm, we have shown that the proportion


Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax mediates enhanced transcription in CD4+ T lymphocytes.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2101-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183850
Newbound GC; Andrews JM; O'Rourke JP; Brady JN; Lairmore MD; Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus,; Ohio 43210, USA.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and is associated with a variety of immunoregulatory disorders. HTLV-1 has been shown to bind to and infect a variety of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. However, both in vivo and in vitro, the provirus is mos


Effects of zidovudine-selected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase amino acid substitutions on processive DNA synthesis and viral replication.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2146-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183856
Caliendo AM; Savara A; An D; DeVore K; Kaplan JC; D'Aquila RT; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,; Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
Certain amino acid substitutions in the reverse transcriptase (RT), including D67N, K70R, T215Y, and K219Q, cause high-level resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to zidovudine (3 -azidothymidine; AZT ) and appear to approximate the


A new antisense tRNA construct for the genetic treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2154-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183857
Biasolo MA; Radaelli A; Del Pup L; Franchin E; De Giuli-Morghen C; Palu G; Institute of Microbiology, University of Padua Medical School,; Padua, Italy.
Different strategies proposed in the literature to attempt gene therapy of AIDS are based mainly on the intracellular production of RNA and protein therapeutics. This report describes the construction and the anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity of a new type of antisense tRNA directed against a n


Cellular pathways involved in the ex vivo expression of bovine leukemia virus.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2170-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183859
Kerkhofs P; Adam E; Droogmans L; Portetelle D; Mammerickx M; Burny A; Kettmann R; Willems L; National Institute for Veterinary Research, Brussels, Belgium.
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the etiologic agent of enzootic bovine leukosis. The virus adopts a strategy based on the lack of viral expression in vivo; only very rare BLV-infected B lymphocytes express viral information. When the cells are isolated from animals in persistent lymphocytosis and cultivated ex vivo, a


The prevalence of proviral bovine leukemia virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at two subclinical stages of infection.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2178-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183860
Mirsky ML; Olmstead CA; Da Y; Lewin HA; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois at; Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
The bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an oncogenic retrovirus that is associated with the development of persistent lymphocytosis (PL) and lymphoma in cattle. While B lymphocytes have been shown to be the primary cellular target of BLV, recent studies suggest that some T lymphocytes and monocytes may be infected by the v


Construction and characterization of replication-competent simian immunodeficiency virus vectors that express gamma interferon.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2247-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183869
Giavedoni LD; Yilma T; International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical; Disease Agents, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology,; and Immunology, University of California,Davis 95616, USA.
We report the construction and characterization of several replication-competent simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vectors with a deletion in the viral nef gene (SIV(delta nef)) that express gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). The expression of the cytokine gene was controlled either by the simian virus 40 early promoter


Raf-1 kinase targets GA-binding protein in transcriptional regulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2260-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183871
Flory E; Hoffmeyer A; Smola U; Rapp UR; Bruder JT; Institute of Radiobiology and Cell Research, University of; Wurzburg, Germany.
The serine/threonine protein kinase Raf-1 is a component of a conserved intracellular signaling cascade that controls responses to various extracellular stimuli. Transcription from several promoters, including the oncogene-responsive element in the polyomavirus enhancer, the c-fos promoter, as well as other AP-1- and


Possible role of splice acceptor site in expression of unspliced gag-containing message of Moloney murine leukemia virus.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2286-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183874
Oshima M; Odawara T; Matano T; Sakahira H; Kuchino Y; Iwamoto A; Yoshikura H; Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) having the gag coding region alone, G3.6, produced a low level of mRNA (1/10 of the wild-type level). Ligation of 441 nucleotides (nt) containing a splice acceptor (SA) site to the downstream portion of the remaining gag region restored the level of the unspliced message, simultaneo


Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cell cycle control: Vpr is cytostatic and mediates G2 accumulation by a mechanism which differs from DNA damage checkpoint control.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2324-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183878
Bartz SR; Rogel ME; Emerman M; Division of Molecular Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA.
Vpr is a 96-amino-acid protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that prevents proliferation of infected cells. We have established a system for infection of 100% of a T-cell population with HIV and use this system to show that within the context of HIV-1 infection, Vpr is primarily cytostatic rat


The Ras-Raf pathway is activated in human immunodeficiency virus-infected monocytes and particpates in the activation of NF-kappaB.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2332-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183879
Folgueira L; Algeciras A; MacMorran WS; Bren GD; Paya CV; Division of Experimental Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester,; Minnesota 55905, USA.
Persistent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of human monocytes and macrophages increases I(kappa)B(alpha) degradation, resulting in the activation of NF-(kappa)B, a key transcription factor in the regulation of the HIV long terminal repeat. The signal transduction pathways leading to NF-(kappa)B activation


Nuclear transport of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, visna virus, and equine infectious anemia virus Rev proteins: identification of a family of transferable nuclear export signals.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2350-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183881
Meyer BE; Meinkoth JL; Malim MH; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Pennsylvania; School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6148, USA.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev trans activator binds directly to unspliced viral mRNA in the nucleus and activates its transport to the cytoplasm. In additon to the sequences that confer RNA binding and nuclear localization, Rev has a carboxy-terminal region, the activation domain, whose integrity is esse


Evidence for CD8+ antiviral activity in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2474-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183895
Jeng CR; English RV; Childers T; Tompkins MB; Tompkins WA; Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Parasitology, College; of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh; 27606, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes a long, asymptomatic infection characterized by normal to elevated numbers of circulating CD8+ cells and a progressive decline in CD4+ cells. It has been speculated that HIV-specific antiviral activity driven by CD8+ T cells may control viral replication during this period and


Plasma viral RNA load predicts disease progression in accelerated feline immunodeficiency virus infection.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2503-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183899
Diehl LJ; Mathiason-Dubard CK; O'Neil LL; Hoover EA; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,; Colorado 80523-1671, USA.
Viral RNA load has been shown to indicate disease stage and predict the rapidity of disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals. We had previously demonstrated that feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) RNA levels in plasma correlate with disease stage in infected cats. Here w


Vpr-induced cell cycle arrest is conserved among primate lentiviruses.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2516-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183901
Planelles V; Jowett JB; Li QX; Xie Y; Hahn B; Chen IS; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of; Medicine, Los Angeles, Califonia 90059-1678, USA.
We previously reported that expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain NL4-3 (HIV-1(NL4-3))vpr causes cells to arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle. We examined the induction of cell cycle arrest by other HIV-1 isolates and by primary lentiviruses other than HIV-1. We demonstrate that the vpr genes f


Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax1 activation of NF-kappaB: involvement of the protein kinase C pathway.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2525-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183902
Lindholm PF; Tamami M; Makowski J; Brady JN; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892-5005, USA.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax1 induces the activation and nuclear localization of the cellular transcription factor, NF-kappaB. Treatment of cells with calphostin C, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, blocked induction of NF-kappaB DNA binding activity in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1-transforme


Antibody to the ligand for CD40 (gp39) inhibits murine AIDS-associated splenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia, and immunodeficiency in disease-susceptible C57BL/6 mice.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2569-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183907
Green KA; Crassi KM; Laman JD; Schoneveld A; Strawbridge RR; Foy TM; Noelle RJ; Green WR; Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH; 03756, USA.
Infection of genetically susceptible C57BL/6 mice with the LP-BM5 isolate of murine retroviruses cause profound splenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia, lymphadenopathy, and an immunodeficiency syndrome which includes the development of terminal B-cell lymphomas. Because many of these and the other manifestations of LP-B


The noncoding and surface envelope coding sequences of myeloblastosis-associated virus are respectively responsible for nephroblastoma development and renal hyperplasia.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2576-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183908
Joliot V; Khelifi C; Wyers M; Dambrine G; Lasserre F; Lemercier P; Perbal B; Laboratoire d'Oncologie Virale et Moleculaire, Centre National; de la Recherche Scientifique-UMR 146, Institut Curie, Centre; Universitaire, Orsay, France.
The use of chimeric viruses allowed us to establish that myeloblastosis-associated virus long terminal repeat sequences are necessary and sufficient for induction of nephroblastoma in chickens and that the blastemal hyperplasia induced by env SU is not a prerequisite for tumor development but rather constitutes a pred


High-efficiency gene transfer into CD34+ cells with a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-based retroviral vector pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein G.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2581-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183909
Akkina RK; Walton RM; Chen ML; Li QX; Planelles V; Chen IS; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523, USA.
Currently, amphotropic retroviral vectors are widely used for gene transfer into CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. The relatively low levels of transduction efficiency associated with these vectors in human cells is due to low viral titers and limitations in concentrating the virus because of the inherent fragilit


Effective ex vivo neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in plasma by recombinant immunoglobulin molecules.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2586-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183910
Gaudin MC; Allaway GP; Maddon PJ; Barbas CF 3rd; Burton DR; Koup RA; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
We tested the ability of human monoclonal antibodies (immunoglobulin G1b12 [IgG1b12] and 19b) and CD4-based molecules (CD4-IgG2 and soluble CD4 [sCD4]) to neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 directly from the plasma of seropositive donors in an ex vivo neutralization assay. IgG1b12 and CD4-IgG2, at concentr


Nonspecific alcoholysis, a novel endonuclease activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other retroviral integrases.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2598-604. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183912
Katzman M; Sudol M; Department of Medicine, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center,; Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey,; Pennsylvania 17033-0850, USA.
Retroviral integrase (IN) exhibits a previously unrecognized endonuclease activity which we have termed nonspecific alcoholysis. This action occurred at every position in nonviral DNA sequences except those near 5 ends and is clearly distinguished from, and was not predicted by, the site-specific alcoholysis activity


Studies of neutralizing monoclonal antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase: antagonistic and synergistic effects in reactions performed in the presence of nucleoside and nonnucleoside inhibitors, respectively.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2620-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183916
Gu Z; Li X; Quan Y; Parniak MA; Wainberg MA; McGill University AIDS Centre, McGill University, Montreal,; Quebec, Canada.
We have assessed interactions between the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (1E8) that hinders binding of deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) substrates. Steady-state reactions with homopolymeric template-primers revealed that 1E8 antagoniz


Human cytotoxic T-cell memory: long-lived responses to vaccinia virus.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2627-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183917
Demkowicz WE Jr; Littaua RA; Wang J; Ennis FA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of; Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester; 01655, USA.
Peripheral T lymphocytes can be classified into two groups: naive and memory T cells. The focus of this study was to examine the duration of T-cell memory in humans. Vaccinia virus replicates in the cytoplasm of infected cells and is not thought to persist or become latent after the acute phase of infection. We identi


Release of virus-like particles from cells infected with poliovirus replicons which express human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2643-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183920
Porter DC; Melsen LR; Compans RW; Morrow CD; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham,; Alabama 35294, USA.
The effectiveness of attenuated poliovirus vaccines when given orally to induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses against poliovirus has resulted in an effort to develop poliovirus-based vectors to express foreign proteins. We have previously described the construction of poliovirus genomes (referred to as re


The membrane-binding domain of the Rous sarcoma virus Gag protein.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2664-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183924
Verderame MF; Nelle TD; Wills JW; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State; University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA.
The Gag protein of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) can direct particle assembly and budding at the plasma membrane independently of the other virus-encoded products. A previous deletion analysis has suggested that the first 86 amino acids of RSV Gag constitute a large membrane-binding domain that is absolutely required for t


Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 glycoprotein enhancement of particle budding: role of the cytoplasmic domain.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2669-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183925
Ritter GD Jr; Yamshchikov G; Cohen SJ; Mulligan MJ; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Previous studies have shown that the glycoprotein cytoplasmic domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) or simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques modulate biological activities of the viral glycoprotein complex, including syncytium formation, exterior glycoprotein conformation, and glycoprotein incorpo


Two species of Rev proteins, with distinct N termini, are expressed by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus.
J Virol. 1996 Apr;70(4):2674-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183926
Gazit A; Mashiah P; Kalinski H; Gast A; Rosin-Abersfeld R; Tronick SR; Yaniv A; Department of Human Microbiology, Sackler School of Medicine,; Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
Several cDNA clones representing alternatively spliced Rev-specific transcripts were isolated from a cDNA library prepared from Himalayan tahr cells infected with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). We previously characterized two rev-like cDNA species, d1 and d2, and a tat e1 cDNA containing the rev coding s


Infectious diseases.
JAMA. 1996 Jun 19;275(23):1816-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96251158
Stoeckle MY; Douglas RG Jr; Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
Incidence and time trends for lymphomas, leukemias and myelomas: hypothesis generation. Working Group on the Epidemiology of Hematolymphopoietic Malignancies in Italy.
Leuk Res. 1996 Apr;20(4):285-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248464
Vineis P; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Torino,; Italy
Epidemiological hypotheses on disease etiology, generated by the observation of geographic distribution and time trends, can be confirmed or refuted by analytical investigations on specific risk factors. In the case of leukemias, lymphomas and myelomas, however, hypothesis generation is limited by the use of the ICD c


The effects of cisplatin and methotrexate on the expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat.
Leuk Res. 1996 Apr;20(4):309-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248467
Panozzo J; Panozzo J; Akan E; Libertin C; Woloschak GE; Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center,; Maywood, IL 60154, USA.
Previous work by many groups has documented the induction of HIV-LTR (human immunodeficiency virus-long terminal repeat) following exposure of cells or whole animals to ultraviolet (UV) light and other DNA damaging agents. In these experiments we set out to determine whether exposure to the cancer chemotherapeutic age


Expression of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV in adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL).
Leuk Res. 1996 Apr;20(4):357-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248473
Kondo S; Kotani T; Tamura K; Aratake Y; Uno H; Tsubouchi H; Inoue S; Niho Y; Ohtaki S; Blood Transfusion Division, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.
The association of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) and human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was studied by two approaches. First, we examined the expression of CD26 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from the patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an HTLV-I-related malignancy. The ex


Autologous MHC-dependent leukaemia-reactive T lymphocytes in a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Leukemia. 1996 Mar;10(3):483-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234348
Coleman S; Fisher J; Hoy T; Burnett AK; Lim SH; Department of Haematology, University of Wales College of; Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
We have investigated the presence of T cells capable of recognizing autologous leukaemia cells in a patient with CML. We demonstrated that these cells were anergic to the leukaemia cells. They were estimated to be present at a frequency of 1:4000 T cells in the peripheral blood. However, following incubation with high


HTLV-I associated adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma: report of two cases from an Amerindian population in coastal northwest British Columbia.
Leukemia. 1996 Mar;10(3):552-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234356
Gascoyne RD; Kim SM; Oger JJ; Melosky BL; Dekaban GA; Department of Pathology, BC Cancer Agency, University of British; Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Epidemiological studies of HTLV-I infection have demonstrated the presence of this virus in certain Amerindian populations in Central and South America. We have recently reported the first evidence of endemic HTLV-I infection in North American Amerindians from the coastal regions of British Columbia,


Perinatal intervention trial in Africa: effect of a birth canal cleansing intervention to prevent HIV transmission.
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1647-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238767
Biggar RJ; Miotti PG; Taha TE; Mtimavalye L; Broadhead R; Justesen A; Yellin F; Liomba G; Miley W; Waters D; Chiphangwi JD; Goedert JJ; Viral Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland, USA.
BACKGROUND: Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 contributes significantly to infant mortality. Exposure in the birth canal may account for some transmission. We examined the efficacy of a birth canal washing procedure in reducing perinatal transmission in


A role for businesses in HIV prevention in Asia.
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1670-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238774
Kimball AM; Thant M; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of; Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Returning home: reflections on the USA's response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1673-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238775
Merson MH; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University; School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
AIDS vaccines are the way to halt epidemic [news]
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1683. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238780
Bradbury J
No-needle HIV test approved by FDA [news]
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1683. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238779
McCarthy M
Patients sue AIDS-cure Kenyan scientist [news]
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1688. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238787
Dodd R
Surveillance for HIV-1 subtypes O and M in Kenya [letter]
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1700. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238809
Songok EM; Libondo DK; Rotich MC; Oogo SA; Tukei PM
No HHV8 in non-Kaposi's sarcoma mucocutaneous lesions from immunodeficient HIV-positive patients [letter]
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1700-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238810
Uthman A; Brna C; Weninger W; Tschachler E
A herpesvirus inhibitor from bovine whey [letter]
Lancet. 1996 Jun 15;347(9016):1703-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238817
Neurath AR; Li YY; Strick N; Jiang S
[Safety of transfusion therapy with special emphasis on inactivated viruses in products made from human blood]
Lijec Vjesn. 1995 Sep-Oct;117(9-10):216-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214221
Patko MS; Balija M; Grgicevic D; Hrvatski zavod za transfuzijsku medicinu, Petrova, Zagreb.
The most common complication of blood transfusion therapy is the transfusion-transmitted infection. The decrease of the risk had been achieved by several measures such as: the change from paid to all voluntary donor system, education of the population and potential donor groups as regards the risk factors, and the sel


Ophthalmologic manifestations of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Ophthalmology. 1996 Jun;103(6):899-906. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96256365
Ormerod LD; Rhodes RH; Gross SA; Crane LR; Houchin KW; Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine,; Detroit, MI, USA.
Purpose: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is increasingly described as a late complication of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The purpose of this study is to evaluate retrospectively the ophthalmologic, clinical, and investigational aspects of AIDS-associated PML. Methods: The authors e


Outpatient biopsies of the palatine tonsil: access to lymphoid tissue for assessment of human immunodeficiency virus RNA titers.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996 Apr;114(4):593-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224356
Faust RA; Henry K; Dailey P; Melroe H; Sullivan C; Erice A; Haase AT; Boies LR Jr; Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of; Minnesota Medical School, St. Paul, 55101, USA.
OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to assess the feasibility of using tonsillar lymphoid biopsy specimens obtained on an outpatient basis to quantitate a patient s lymphoid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA titers. DESIGN: A pilot cohort study was performed. PATIENTS: We evaluated ten HIV-seropositive patients who ran


Generation of nuclease resistant circular RNA decoys for HIV-Tat and HIV-Rev by autocatalytic splicing.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1995;(33):152-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219287
Puttaraju M; Been MD; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Circular exon sequences can be generated by splicing permuted intron-exon (PIE) sequences. The Anabaena pre-tRNA group I self-splicing PIE sequence was modified to generate circular forms of the HIV-TAR and the high affinity region of the HIV-RRE (RBE). RNA products containing TAR and the RBE were purified from splici


A simple code for protein:RNA interactions.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1995;(33):156-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219288
Ellington AD; Symensma TL; Giver L; Baskerville S; Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405,; USA.
The Tat and Rev proteins of HIV-1 and the Rex protein of HTLV-I do not interact with their cognate ligands via a particular structural motif but instead specifically recognize RNA molecules by using agglomerations of arginine residues (1). These proteins are members of the so-called arginine-rich motif (ARM) family. T


A chimeric tRNA(Lys3)-ribozyme inhibits HIV replication following virion assembly.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1995;(33):194-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219298
Westaway SK; Larson GP; Li S; Zaia JA; Rossi JJ; Center for Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, Loma Linda; University, CA 92350, USA
Co-localization of ribozymes with their appropriate target is one method utilized to increase their effectiveness in vivo. Effective antiviral ribozymes will likely rely on mechanisms which direct the ribozyme to the genomic or subgenomic RNAs. Exploiting the fact that a specific host cellular tRNA primer is bound by


Interaction of HIV Rev peptides with the Rev response element RNA.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1995;(33):46-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219255
Williamson JR; Battiste JL; Mao H; Frankel AD; Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,; Cambridge 02139, USA.
As a model system for understanding RNA-protein interactions, we are studying the structure of peptides derived from HIV Rev in complex with an RNA derived from the Rev Response Element (RRE) using NMR spectroscopy. Formation of the Rev peptide-RRE complex is accompanied by formation of two purine-purine base pairs in


Generation of nuclease resistant circular RNA decoys for HIV-Tat and HIV-Rev by autocatalytic splicing.
Nucleic Acids Symp Ser. 1995;(33):49-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219256
Puttaraju M; Been MD; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Circular exon sequences can be generated by splicing permuted intron-exon (PIE) sequences. The Anabaena pre-tRNA group I self-splicing PIE sequence was modified to generate circular forms of the HIV-TAR and the high affinity region of the HIV-RRE (RBE). RNA products containing TAR and the RBE were purified from splici


Antigenic peptides containing large PEG loops designed to extend out of the HLA-A2 binding site form stable complexes with class I major histocompatibility complex molecules.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 14;93(10):4583-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209775
Bouvier M; Wiley DC; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Harvard; University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Recognition of peptides bound to class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules by specific receptors on T cells regulates the development and activity of the cellular immune system. We have designed and synthesized de novo cyclic peptides that incorporate PEG in the ring structure for binding to class I MHC


Activated Ras signals differentiation and expansion of CD4+8+ thymocytes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 14;93(10):4683-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209792
Swat W; Shinkai Y; Cheng HL; Davidson L; Alt FW; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Children's Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
We describe a novel approach to assay the ability of particular gene products to signal transitions in lymphocyte differentiation in vivo. The method involves transfection of test expression constructs into RAG-1-deficient embryonic stem cells, which are subsequently assayed by the RAG-2-deficient blastocyst complemen


Preferential induction of a Th1 immune response and inhibition of specific IgE antibody formation by plasmid DNA immunization.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 14;93(10):5141-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209871
Raz E; Tighe H; Sato Y; Corr M; Dudler JA; Roman M; Swain SL; Spiegelberg HL; Carson DA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla, 92093-0663, USA.
We compared the antigen-specific antibody isotypes and lymphokine secretion by CD4+ T cells in BALB/c mice immunized intradermally with either Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) or plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding beta-gal in a cytomegalovirus-based expression vector (pCMV-LacZ). pCMV-LacZ induced mainly IgG2a,


The viruses in all of us: characteristics and biological significance of human endogenous retrovirus sequences.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 28;93(11):5177-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224256
Lower R; Lower J; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are very likely footprints of ancient germ-cell infections. HERV sequences encompass about 1% of the human genome. HERVs have retained the potential of other retroelements to retrotranspose and thus to change genomic structure and function. The genomes of almost all HERV families


Extremely sensitive, background-free gene detection using binary probes and beta replicase.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 28;93(11):5395-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224296
Tyagi S; Landegren U; Tazi M; Lizardi PM; Kramer FR; Department of Molecular Genetics, Public Health Research; Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA.
We have developed a specific and sensitive nucleic acid amplification assay that is suitable for routine gene detection. The assay is based on a novel molecular genetic strategy in which two different RNA probes are hybridized to adjacent positions on a target nucleic acid and then ligated to form an amplifiable repor


Host-parasite dynamics and outgrowth of virus containing a single K70R amino acid change in reverse transcriptase are responsible for the loss of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA load suppression by zidovudine.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 28;93(11):5501-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224314
de Jong MD; Veenstra J; Stilianakis NI; Schuurman R; Lange JM; de Boer RJ; Boucher CA; Antiviral Therapy Laboratory, Department of Virology, National; AIDS Therapy Evaluation Centre, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
The association between human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) RNA load changes and the emergence of resistant virus variants was investigated in 24 HIV-1-infected asymptomatic persons during 2 years of treatment with zidovudine by sequentially measuring serum HIV-1 RNA load and the relative amounts of HIV-1 RNA


Apoptosis of nur77/N10-transgenic thymocytes involves the Fas/Fas ligand pathway.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 28;93(11):5533-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224320
Weih F; Ryseck RP; Chen L; Bravo R; Department of Oncology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical; Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA.
The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77/N10 has recently been demonstrated to be involved in apoptosis of T cell hybridomas. We report here that chronic expression of Nur77/N10 in thymocytes of transgenic mice results in a dramatic reduction of CD4+CD8+ double-positive as well as CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ single-positive cell p


A loop-loop kissing complex is the essential part of the dimer linkage of genomic HIV-1 RNA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 28;93(11):5572-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224327
Paillart JC; Skripkin E; Ehresmann B; Ehresmann C; Marquet R; Unite Propre de Recherche n 9002 du Centre National de la; Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et; Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France.
RNA-RNA interactions govern a number of biological processes. Several RNAs, including natural sense and antisense RNAs, interact by means of a two-step mechanism: recognition is mediated by a loop-loop complex, which is then stabilized by formation of an extended intermolecular duplex. It was proposed that the same me


Superior efficacy of secreted over somatic antigen display in recombinant Salmonella vaccine induced protection against listeriosis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Feb 20;93(4):1458-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202301
Hess J; Gentschev I; Miko D; Welzel M; Ladel C; Goebel W; Kaufmann SH; Department of Immunology, University of Ulm, Germany.
Vaccination provides the most potent measure against infectious disease, and recombinant (r) viable vaccines expressing defined pathogen-derived antigens represent powerful candidates for future vaccination strategies. In a new approach we constructed r-aroA- Salmonella typhimurium displaying p60 or listeriolysin (Hly


Immunocytochemical localization of the endogenous neuroexcitotoxin quinolinate in human peripheral blood monocytes/macrophages and the effect of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I infection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Feb 20;93(4):1636-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202330
Venkateshan CN; Narayanan R; Espey MG; Moffett JR; Gajdusek DC; Gibbs CJ Jr; Namboodiri MA; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Quinolinate (Quin), a metabolite in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation and a neurotoxin that appears to act through the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor system, was localized in cultured human peripheral blood monocytes/macrophages (PBMOs) by using a recently developed immunocytochemical method. Quin immuno


Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral background plays a major role in development of resistance to protease inhibitors.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Feb 20;93(4):1648-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202332
Rose RE; Gong YF; Greytok JA; Bechtold CM; Terry BJ; Robinson BS; Alam M; Colonno RJ; Lin PF; Department of Virology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company,; Wallingford, CT 06492, USA.
The observed in vitro and in vivo benefit of combination treatment with anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agents prompted us to examine the potential of resistance development when two protease inhibitors are used concurrently. Recombinant HIV-1 (NL4-3) protea


Religiosity, AIDS, and sexuality knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices of black South-African first-year university students.
Psychol Rep. 1995 Dec;77(3 Pt 2):1328-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210515
Nicholas L; Durrheim K; Centre for Student Counselling, University of the Western Cape,; Bellville, South Africa.
This study investigated the association of religiosity with sexuality and AIDS knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices of 1,817 black first-year students in South Africa . On a structured questionnaire, consenting students rated themselves on scales of religiosity, attitudes t


Fungal infections: a growing threat.
Public Health Rep. 1996 May-Jun;111(3):226-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219055
Dixon DM; McNeil MM; Cohen ML; Gellin BG; La Montagne JR; Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National; Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. dd24a@nih.gov
THE EMERGENCE OF newly identified fungal pathogens and the reemergence of previously uncommon fungal diseases is primarily related to increases in the numbers of susceptible persons: people with HIV infection, bone marrow and organ transplant recipients, cancer patients being treated with chemotherapy, critically ill


[Pneumocystis carinii lung infections in AIDS patients: a study with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)]
Radiol Med (Torino). 1996 Apr;91(4):370-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243808
Bianco R; Arborio G; Mariani P; Pompili GG; Alineri S; Cornalba GP; Servizio di Diagnostica per Immagini, Ospedale Luigi Sacco,; Milano.
In 1993, a hundred and fifty AIDS patients were submitted to high-resolution CT (HRCT). In 102 patients, bronchoalveolar lavage and/or transbronchial biopsy findings suggested the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--a pure Pneumocystis carinii infection in 75 patients and associated with other pathogenic agen


[AIDS-related neoplasms: a clinico-radiological study]
Radiol Med (Torino). 1996 Apr;91(4):434-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243817
Ferrozzi F; Campodonico F; Bova D; De Chiara F; Menozzi R; Marenzi C; Viani S; Pizzaferri P; Pan A; Bassi P; Istituto di Scienze Radiologiche, Universita degli Studi, Parma.
Although high-grade non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) and an unusually aggressive form of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) remain the most common malignancies seen in AIDS patients, other tumors such as cervical cancer, Hodgkin s disease and others, have been increasingly observed, probably becaus


[Rhodococcus equi lung infection in AIDS patients. A report of 4 cases]
Radiol Med (Torino). 1996 Apr;91(4):477-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243827
Carli Moretti C; Stambazzi C; Battista G; Menni B; Guzzo F; Poletti V; Zompatori M; Canini R; Istituto di Radiologia, Universita, Policlinico S.; Orsola-Malphighi, Bologna.
Reporting delay: a review with a simulation study and application to Spanish AIDS data.
Stat Med. 1996 Feb 15;15(3):305-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206754
Sanchez Sellero C; Vazquez Fernandez E; Gonzalez Manteiga W; Otero XL; Hervada X; Fernandez E; Taboada XA; Departmento de Estradistica e Investigacion Operativa, Facultad; de Matematicas, Santiago de Compestela, Spain.
To correct for the effect of reporting delay on incidence data relating to AIDS, three methods of estimation have been analysed: Poisson log-linear; log-linear logistic mixed regression (log-logit), and truncation. The first two methods transform the data in a contingency table. The difference between them is the hypo


[Fulminant, rapidly reversible hepatitis and life-threatening anaphylaxis following rifampicin in an HIV-positive female patient with latent adrenal cortex insufficiency]
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1996 Mar 9;126(10):392-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209366
Canova CR; Kuhn M; Zellweger U; Reinhart WH; Medizinische Klinik, Kantonsspital Chur.
We report the case of a 28-year-old-prostitute from Thailand with HIV infection stage B2 associated with retroperitoneal lymph node tuberculosis. 6 days after the beginning of anti-tuberculous therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamid and ethambutol) the temperature rose to 40.


AIDS cases reported, 1994-1995 [news]
Sci Am. 1996 Jun;274(6):28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96264575
Doyle R
Paclitaxel: current developmental approaches of the National Cancer Institute.
Semin Oncol. 1995 Dec;22(6 Suppl 15):55-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228966
Arbuck SG; Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD, USA.
National Cancer Institute studies are addressing important issues in the development of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ), including optimal dose and schedule, the development of combination chemotherapy and multimodality regimens, and the evaluation of pa


Targeted retroviral gene transfer into the rat biliary tract.
Somat Cell Mol Genet. 1996 Jan;22(1):21-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245254
Cabrera JA; Wilson JM; Raper SE; University of Michigan Medical School, USA.
The ability to induce proliferation by temporary duct ligation suggested an hypothesis that retrovirus-mediated gene transfer into cells of the biliary tract could be accomplished. The time course of histologic changes, incorporation of 3H-thymidine and immunofluorescent staining with a monoclonal antibody to cytokera


[Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1996 Feb 10;116(4):490-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248243
Wessel N; Mjaset B; Gerner T; Kirurgisk avdeling, Lillehammer fylkessykehus.
Spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage is most frequently due to rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Pathology in other retroperitoneal organs, most often the kidney and the adrenal gland, may cause retroperitoneal haemorrhage. Spontaneous rupture of veins, especially the iliac vein, and haemorrhage secondary to


[Drug-induced dystonia misinterpreted as hysteria]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1996 Mar 10;116(7):844-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96249283
Magnusson A; Opjordsmoen S; Dietrichs E; Klinikk for psykiatri, Ulleval sykehus.
Psychic distress is often expressed in the form of physical pain or disease, but the converse also occurs. Illnesses with an organic aetiology are sometimes misdiagnosed as psychogenic. We describe three patients who developed rare forms of acute drug-induced dystonia when treated with antipsychotic drugs. All three c


Human T lymphotropic virus 1-2 positive antibodies in potential organ donors in France.
Transplant Proc. 1996 Feb;28(1):189-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96218358
Claquin J; Romano P; Noury D; Borsarelli J; Jacob F; Feuillerat JP; Colpart JJ; Etablissement Francais des Greffes, France.
CD45 isoforms and lymphocyte activation antigens in acute renal allograft rejection.
Transplant Proc. 1996 Feb;28(1):482-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96218495
Battochio A; Solez K; Poppema S; Cockfield S; Rayner D; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of; Alberta Faculty of Medicine, Edmonton, Canada.
Multi drug resistant tuberculosis.
Trop Gastroenterol. 1995 Apr-Jun;16(2):92-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226854
Dey AB; Nagarkar K; Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,; Ansari Nagar, New Delhi.
The prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis is increasing globally which has upset tuberculosis treatment and control programmes. The problem has been further complicated by co-infection with HIV virus. Treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis is difficult, expensive and requires long duration chemothera


[Evaluation of sex education and contraception instruction at the contraception clinic in Odense]
Ugeskr Laeger. 1996 Mar 11;158(11):1503-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245338
Mygind L; Nielsen RT; Wielandt HB; Gynaekologisk obstetrisk afdeling D, Odense Universitetshospital.
The aim of the study was to evaluate 1 1/2 hours of lessons on contraception given to 9. and 10. grade students at the Contraception Clinic in Odense, Denmark . The lessons are a supplement to the traditional sexual education given a


[Prognostic value of interleukin-8 in AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]
Ugeskr Laeger. 1996 Mar 11;158(11):1513-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245340
Benfield TL; Vestbo J; Junge J; Nielsen TL; Jensen AM; Lundgren JD; Infektionsmedicinsk afdeling, Hvidovre Hospital.
We evaluated the significance of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and serum was prospectively collected in 76 consecutive HIV-infected patients with a primary episode of PCP, as well as in ten healthy control subjects. Patients were found to have elevated


[Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 2--HIV-2]
Ugeskr Laeger. 1996 Mar 18;158(12):1662-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245351
Christiansen CB; Virologisk afdeling, Statens Seruminstitut, Kobenhavn.
The majority of patients with HIV-2 infection come from West Africa or have had sexual contact with a person from there, as HIV-2 is prevalent in this area. HIV-2 is phylogenetically closer related to SIVsm and SIVmac than to HIV-1. HIV-2 is mainly transmitted by heterosexual contact, whereas the risk of mother-to-chi


[Survival time after the diagnosis of AIDS in the county of Funen]
Ugeskr Laeger. 1996 Mar 18;158(12):1667-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245352
Hornstrup MK; Jorgensen AJ; Andreasen SL; Kroon S; Christensen HO; Buhl MR; Boldsen J; Odense Universitetshospital, medicinsk afdeling C.
Since the diagnosis of AIDS was first made, a lot of efforts have been made to improve survival. Different studies have found varied results, both geographically as well as over periods of time. During the period 1.1.1985 to 31.12.1993 142 patients that were HIV-positive were seen in the geographically well defined ar


Idiotype manipulation in disease management.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995;383:117-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229147
Kohler H; Bhattacharya-Chatterjee M; Muller S; Foon KA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
Autoantibodies against peptide-defined epitopes of T-cell receptors in retrovirally infected humans and mice.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995;383:211-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229155
Marchalonis JJ; Lake DF; Schluter SF; Dehghanpisheh K; Watson RR; Ampel NM; Galgiani JN; University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
Autoantibodies directed against peptide-defined epitopes of T-cell receptors occur in the serum of healthy humans with the levels and isotypic expression dependent upon physiological changes (aging, pregnancy) or upon the development of autoimmune disease. We carried out investigations of autoantibodies against Tcr pe


Liposomal vaccines.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995;383:83-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229143
Green S; Fortier A; Dijkstra J; Madsen J; Swartz G; Einck L; Gubish E; Nacy C; EntreMed, Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
Liposomes have been used therapeutically to deliver drugs to certain anatomical sites. The use of liposomes to deliver antigens, although not a new concept, has received less attention. At least two vaccines of nearly identical liposome base composition to our vaccines have been tested in humans. A malaria vaccine stu


[Cytomegalovirus retinitis and Pneumocystis carinii choroidopathy in a patient with AIDS]
Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 1996 Jan;100(1):84-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229775
Usui N; Yamauchi Y; Minoda H; Matsuura G; Goto H; Sakai J; Usui M; Yoshida S; Suzuki T; Tateyama M; Fukutake K; Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical College, Japan.
A case of Pneumocystis carinii (P. carinii) choroidopathy is reported. The patient was a 17-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who developed bilateral, multifocal, yellow-white, round, flat choroidal lesions ranging in size from 1/8 to 1/6 of the disc diameter while undergoing treatment for


Intestinal protozoa.
Am Fam Physician. 1996 Jun;53(8):2507-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239245
Juckett G; West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, 26506; USA.
Giardia is the best known cause of protozoal gastrointestinal disease in North America, producing significant but not life-threatening gastrointestinal distress and diarrhea. Although diagnosis of giardiasis may be challenging, treatment is usually successful. Entamoeba histolytica poses a rarer but far more difficult


Prophylaxis of visceral leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
Am J Med. 1996 May;100(5):496-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240129
Ribera E; Ocana I; de Otero J; Cortes E; Gasser I; Pahissa A; Infectious Diseases Division, Hospitals Vall d'Hebron,; Universidad Autonoma, Barcelona, Spain.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of two regimens with allopurinol or pentavalent antimony as secondary prophylaxis for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized, open trial. SETTING: A 1,000-bed academic tertiary institutional hospit


Deterioration and death in a 30-year old male with AIDS [clinical conference]
Am J Med. 1996 May;100(5):571-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240139
Ludmerer KM; Kissane JM; Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of; Medicine, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus among the homeless in Miami: a new direction for the HIV epidemic.
Am J Med. 1996 May;100(5):582-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240141
Fournier AM; Tyler R; Iwasko N; LaLota M; Shultz J; Greer PJ
Dementia at 700? [letter]
Am J Nurs. 1996 May;96(5):18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96261588
Kosmyna J
Serologic and polymerase chain reaction analysis of intraocular fluids in the diagnosis of infectious uveitis.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1996 Jun;121(6):650-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243659
de Boer JH; Verhagen C; Bruinenberg M; Rothova A; de Jong PT; Baarsma GS; Van der Lelij A; Ooyman FM; Bollemeijer JG; Derhaag PJ; Kijlstra A; The Netherlands Ophthalmic Research Institute, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
PURPOSE: Infectious uveitis entities are usually rapidly progressive blinding diseases that can be prevented by prompt administration of specific antimicrobial therapy. With the aim of improving early diagnosis in patients with infectious uveitis, intraocular fluid samples from patients with sight-threatening posterio


Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis caused by Septata intestinalis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1996 Jun;121(6):715-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243670
Lowder CY; McMahon JT; Meisler DM; Dodds EM; Calabrese LH; Didier ES; Cali A; Division of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195,; USA.
PURPOSE: To examine and treat a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who had mildly hyperemic conjunctiva and epithelial keratopathy in both eyes. METHODS: The patient underwent conjunctival biopsy. The specimen was examined by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Septata intestinalis was demon


Spontaneous regression and successful laser prophylaxis in progressive outer retinal necrosis syndrome.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1996 Jun;121(6):723-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243674
Cooper HM; Beer PM; Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, NY, USA.
PURPOSE: To describe a case of progressive outer retinal necrosis syndrome that regressed spontaneously after discontinuation of all systemic antiviral medications with macular sparing after prophylactic laser photocoagulation of the posterior pole. METHODS: Prophylactic laser photocoagulation surrounding the posterio


Immunihistochemical detection of Bcl-2 in AIDS-associated and classical Kaposi's sarcoma.
Am J Pathol. 1996 Apr;148(4):1055-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96247683
Morris CB; Gendelman R; Marrogi AJ; Lu M; Lockyer JM; Alperin-Lea W; Ensoli B; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane; University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Kaposi s Sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disease that is characterized by proliferation of spindle-shaped cells predominantly of vascular endothelial cell origin, neoangiogenesis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and edema. Although the lesions of classical KS and AIDS-associated KS (AIDS-KS) share common histolo


Strong expression of kinase insert domain-containing receptor, a vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma and cutaneous angiosarcoma.
Am J Pathol. 1996 Apr;148(4):1065-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96247684
Brown LF; Tognazzi K; Dvorak HF; Harrist TJ; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts 02215, USA.
Vascular permeability factor (VPF), also known as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), plays an important role in the angiogenesis associated with the growth of many human and animal tumors. VPF/VEGF stimulates endothelial cell growth and increases microvascular permeability by interacting with two endothelial c


Immunohistochemical localization of capsular polysaccharide antigen in the central nervous system cells in cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.
Am J Pathol. 1996 Apr;148(4):1267-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96247703
Lee SC; Casadevall A; Dickson DW; Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Albert Einstein College; of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10401, USA.
Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CME) is caused by the encapsulated fungus Cryptococcus neoformans (CN) and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with AIDS. The polysaccharide capsule of CN is important for virulence, and soluble polysaccharide has the potential to cause immune modulation. To better


Oral candidiasis, HIV, and saliva glucocorticoids.
Am J Pathol. 1996 Apr;148(4):1313-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96247708
Enwonwu CO; Meeks VI; Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biological Sciences,; University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201, USA.
Feasibility of an emergency department-based, risk-targeted voluntary HIV screening program.
Ann Emerg Med. 1996 Jun;27(6):687-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240165
Kelen GD; Hexter DA; Hansen KN; Humes R; Vigilance PN; Baskerville M; Quinn TC; Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of an emergency department-based, risk-targeted voluntary HIV screening program. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled consenting adult i.v. drug users (IDUs) not known to have HIV infection in the ED of a large inner-city hospital with a high rate of HIV infec


Kinetic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease: determination of inhibitor rate constants during dynamic monomer-dimer interconversion.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 1996 Apr 15;328(2):317-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213882
Morelock MM; Graham ET; Erdman D; Pargellis CA; Section of Biophysics, Department of Inflammatory Diseases,; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Research and; Development Center, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, USA.
A numerical method was applied to a system of differential rate equations describing the monomer-dimer-inhibitor (M-D-I) interaction involving human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease and a peptidomimetic, competitive inhibitor. Two pairs of progress curves were obtained, one involving the M-D interaction and the


Heat shock induces HIV-1 replication in chronically infected promyelocyte cell line OM10.1.
Arch Virol. 1996;141(3-4):439-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215633
Hashimoto K; Baba M; Gohnai K; Sato M; Shigeta S; Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical College, Japan.
A long period of clinical latency before development of symptoms is characteristic of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. OM10.1, a promyelocyte cell line latently infected with HIV-1, has been developed as a model for studying the mechanism of viral latency and the activation of virus expression. W


Protection of rabbits against HTLV-II infection with a synthetic peptide corresponding to HTLV-II neutralization region.
Arch Virol. 1996;141(3-4):471-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215636
Kariya N; Hayashi K; Hoshino H; Tanaka Y; Koirala TR; Ohara N; Miyamoto K; Akagi T; Second Department of Pathology, Okayama University Medical; School, Japan.
Rabbit immune sera raised against synthetic peptides of the HTLV-II envelope gp46 region were examined for HTLV-II neutralization ability by HTLV-vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotype assay and syncytium inhibition assay. HTLV-II neutralization activity was detected in the sera against HTLV-II Env gp46, 80-103 b


The activity of plant-derived antiretroviral proteins MAP30 and GAP31 against herpes simplex virus in vitro.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Feb 27;219(3):923-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216751
Bourinbaiar AS; Lee-Huang S; Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016, USA.
We examined the effect on anti-HIV proteins MAP30 and GAP31, from Momordica charantia and Gelonium multiflorum, on the infection and replication of Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV). Human lung WI-38 fibroblasts cultured in the presence of tenfold dilutions of MAP30 or GAP31 were exposed to HSV and viral yield was measured


Identification of mutant adeno-associated virus Rep proteins which are dominant-negative for DNA helicase activity.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Mar 18;220(2):294-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184647
Kyostio SR; Owens RA; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute; of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 20892.
Adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV) Rep proteins have been postulated to play a role in unwinding the 145-bp inverted terminal repeats during AAV DNA replication. Previous studies showed that AAV Rep78 and Rep68 could unwind a DNA partial duplex of 26 bp. In this work it is demonstrated that nuclear extracts of human


Inhibitory effect of tannic acid on human immunodeficiency virus promoter activity induced by 12-O-tetra decanoylphorbol-13-acetate in Jurkat T-cells.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Mar 18;220(2):411-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184667
Uchiumi F; Maruta H; Inoue J; Yamamoto T; Tanuma S; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,; Science University of Tokyo, Japan.
We investigated the effect of tannic acid, a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase, on human viral gene transcription, by using chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) assay experiments transfecting Jurkat cells with CAT reporter constructs that contain the promoter region of human immunodeficiency viru


Anti-HIV agents. IV. Synthesis and in vitro anti-HIV activity of novel 1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-1H,3H-thiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazoles.
Farmaco. 1996 Apr;51(4):279-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245424
Chimirri A; Grasso S; Molica C; Monforte AM; Monforte P; Zappala M; Scopelliti R; Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Universita di Messina, Italy.
Multiple serovars of Mycobacterium avium complex in patients with AIDS.
APMIS. 1996 Apr;104(4):318-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238045
Julander I; Hoffner S; Petrini B; Ostlund L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska; Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was isolated and serotyped from 127 samples from 43 HIV-infected patients with disseminated disease in Sweden . Thirteen different serovars were observed. Serovar 6 was the most common, followed by 4, 9 and 11. Serovar 8 was rare. In 22 of the patie


[Association of porphyria cutanea tarda and hepatitis C virus]
Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 1996 Mar;88(3):213-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234617
Martin-Vivaldi Martinez R; Espinosa Aguilar MD; Sanchez Sanchez-Vizcaino J; Quintero Fuentes D; Nogueras Lopez F; Lopez de Hierro Ruiz M; Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves,; Granada.
Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is caused by reduced activity of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase. However extrinsic factors such as alcohol abuse and drug intake are required for the clinical manifestation of the disease. Hepatitis C virus antibodies have been detected in a high percentage of patients with PCT. H


Recent insights into the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma.
Br J Cancer. 1996 Jun;73(11):1317-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96249044
Fife K; Bower M; Kobler Centre, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
Antibodies to factor VIII in plasma of patients with hemophilia A and normal subjects.
Ann Hematol. 1996 May;72(5):321-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248320
Batlle J; Gomez E; Rendal E; Torea J; Loures E; Couselo M; Vila P; Sedano C; Tusell X; Magallon M; Quintana M; Gonzalez-Boullosa R; Lopez-Fernandez MF; Department of Hematology, Hospital Juan Canalejo-Teresa Herrera,; La Coruna, Spain.
Non-neutralizing factor VIII (FVIII) antibodies (FVIII-Ab) in hemophilia A may be associated with an abnormal clinical response to FVIII concentrates. Patients with FVIII inhibitors may develop noncoagulation FVIII-Ab after the induction of immunotolerance. Natural FVIII-Ab may be detected in the plasma of some health


Miliary tuberculosis in a patient with Epstein-Barr virus-associated angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.
Ann Hematol. 1996 May;72(5):333-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248323
Rho R; Laddis T; McQuain C; Selves J; Woda B; Knecht H; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester 01655, USA.
A 74-year-old woman developed angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD) with involvement of intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Southern blot analysis showed germline configuration of the JH genes and an oligoclonal pattern of the TcR beta genes. The immunoblasts were of B-cell phenotype and often express


The impact of housing status on health care utilization among persons with HIV disease.
J Health Care Poor Underserved. 1996;7(1):36-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226739
Arno PS; Bonuck KA; Green J; Fleishman J; Bennett CL; Fahs MC; Maffeo C; Drucker E; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; 10467-2490, USA.
This study sought to identify the prevalence of unstable housing situations, and for whom they occurred, and to examine differences in health care utilization by housing status. Housing status and inpatient and outpatient health care utilization of 1,851 HIV-infected individuals was ascertained through interviews. Nin


Mycobacterium kansasii bacteremia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1001-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113353
Parenti DM; Symington JS; Keiser J; Simon GL; Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, D.C. 20037, USA.
In a retrospective review of microbiology records at the George Washington University Hospital from 1980 through 1990, Mycobacterium kansasii bacteremia was identified in 10 patients; this finding represented 4.5% of nontuberculous mycobacterial blood cultures. M. kansasii was isolated from respiratory specimens from


Effect of rifabutin on the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1008-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113355
Gallicano K; Sahai J; Swick L; Seguin I; Pakuts A; Cameron DW; Bureau of Drug Research, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
We investigated the effects of rifabutin (300 mg daily administered for 7 or 14 days) on the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine in nine patients who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Serial blood and urine samples were collected over a 6-hour period on each day that the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine


Infections in patients with chronic adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: case report and review.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1014-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113357
Rhew DC; Gaultier CR; Daar ES; Zakowski PC; Said J; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Research; Institute, Los Angeles, California 90048-0750, USA.
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is caused by the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). ATLL is classified into the smoldering, chronic, lymphoma, and acute subtypes. We describe a North American woman with chronic ATLL who presented with pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii, Cryptococcus neoforman


Herpes zoster as the initial presentation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in Kenya.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1035-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113364
Tyndall MW; Nasio J; Agoki E; Malisa W; Ronald AR; Ndinya-Achola JO; Plummer FA; World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and; Training in Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Nairobi, Kenya.
We conducted a prospective observational study to determine the clinical features, the degree of immunosuppression, and the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection associated with herpes zoster in Kenya . The study included 196 HIV-1 positive individuals a


Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by treatment with acyclovir.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1038-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113365
Fazal BA; Turett GS; Justman JE; Hall G; Telzak EE; Division of Infectious Diseases, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center,; New York 10457, USA.
Serum ferritin levels correlate with disease activity in patients with AIDS and disseminated histoplasmosis.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1048-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113375
Kirn DH; Fredericks D; McCutchan JA; Stites D; Shuman M; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco,; USA.
Clarithromycin-induced digoxin toxicity in a patient with AIDS.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1051-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113377
Ford A; Smith LC; Baltch AL; Smith RP; Department of Medicine, Stratton Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Albany, New York 12208, USA.
Recurrent Helicobacter cinaedi bacteremia in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus: case report.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1055. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113381
Mammen MP Jr; Aronson NE; Edenfield WJ; Endy TP; Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Army Medical Center,; Washington, D.C. 20307, USA.
Bronchoesophageal fistula due to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus [letter]
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1061-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113386
Asnis DS; Saltzman HP; Giron JA
Delayed development of tuberculous bronchoesophageal fistulas in a patient with AIDS necessitates endoscopic surgery [letter]
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):1062-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113387
Dronda F; Fernandez-Martin I; Gonzalez-Lopez A; Puente L
Cholecystectomy in patients with AIDS: clinicopathologic correlations in 107 cases.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):852-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113325
French AL; Beaudet LM; Benator DA; Levy CS; Kass M; Orenstein JM; Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington Hospital Center,; D.C., USA.
The etiologic and clinical features of cholecystisis in infection due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were studies retrospectively. The charts and histopathologic specimens of 136 HIV-infected patients who underwent cholecystectomy between February 1987 and May 1993 at a large tertiary care center were reviewed.


Trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among a patient population of an inner-city emergency department: implications for emergency department-based screening programs for HIV infection.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):867-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113328
Kelen GD; Hexter DA; Hansen KN; Tang N; Pretorius S; Quinn TC; Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Personnel of inner-city emergency departments (EDs), which are frequently the only source of medical care for many patients, may be in a unique position to detect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection earlier than personnel at other recommended screening sites. To assist development of ED-based screening strate


Opportunistic candidiasis: an epidemic of the 1980s.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):897-904. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113333
Fisher-Hoch SP; Hutwagner L; Mycotic Diseases and Biostatistics Branches, National Center for; Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Hospital discharge data from 1980 to 1989 from the National Center for Health Statistics, National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDH), and two commercially generated hospital discharge data sources (PAS and McAuto) were analyzed to document nationally the increased rate of opportunistic candidal infections among hospita


Factors associated with changes in the use of antiretroviral therapy by a cohort of homosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):930-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113338
Park LP; Graham NM; Jacobson LP; Murphy R; Besley D; Zucconi S; Munoz A; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Changes in the use of antiretroviral drugs and factors associated with changes from monotherapy with zidovudine (ZDV) to other regimens were quantified in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Participants who had been receiving monotherapy with ZDV were categorized as (1) discontinuing ZDV monotherapy; (2) switching to


Bartonella (Rochalimaea) antibodies, dementia, and cat ownership among men infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):954-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113342
Schwartzman WA; Patnaik M; Angulo FJ; Visscher BR; Miller EN; Peter JB; Department of Medicine, School of Public Health, UCLA, USA.
To determine the association between recent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia and serum antibodies to Bartonella (Rochalimaea) henselae, we performed a nested case control study within the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study in Los Angeles. We measured serum IgG and


Infant mortality and maternal vitamin A deficiency during human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):966-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113344
Semba RD; Miotti PG; Chiphangwi JD; Liomba G; Yang LP; Saah AJ; Dallabetta GA; Hoover DR; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins Schools of Medicine; and Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
The maternal factors that contribute to high mortality rates among infants born to women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are unclear. We followed 474 HIV-infected mothers and their infants in Malawi from pregnancy through the infants 12th month of life. Of the 474 HIV-infe


Massive hepatic steatosis and lactic acidosis in a patient with AIDS who was receiving zidovudine.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):973-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113345
Olano JP; Borucki MJ; Wen JW; Haque AK; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at; Galveston 77555-0743, USA.
Massive steatosis has recently been described among a few human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients who were receiving antiretroviral therapy. Although clinical and light-microscopic pathological findings were carefully described, no ultrastructural studies of the liver were performed in these cases. We repor


Old and new therapies for sporotrichosis.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):981-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113347
Kauffman CA; Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA.
The old therapies for sporotrichosis--saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) and amphotericin B--have largely been supplanted by itraconazole treatment. Although SSKI is effective for the treatment of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis, it is difficult to administer and is frequently associated with side effects; r


Chronic varicella-zoster virus myelitis without cutaneous eruption in a patient with AIDS: report of a fatal case.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):986-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113348
Manian FA; Kindred M; Fulling KH; Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John's Mercy Medical Center,; St. Louis, Missouri 63141, USA.
We describe a fatal case of varicella-zoster virus myelitis that was preceded by neurological symptoms for 10 months in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection and an extremely low CD4 cell count (20/microL). The patient was also receiving chronic acylovir therapy for suppression of herpes complex. Despi


Herpes zoster in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection--an ever-expanding spectrum of disease [editorial]
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):989-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113349
Whitley RJ; Gnann JW Jr
Development of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma during immunosuppressive treatment following renal transplantation.
Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct;21(4):992-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96113350
Jenks PJ; Barrett WY; Raftery MJ; Kelsey SM; van der Walt JD; Kon SP; Breuer J; Department of Virology, Royal Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United; Kingdom.
Although it is recognized that there is an increased incidence of lymphoproliferative disorders among patients who have received immunosuppressive therapy following transportation, there have been few reports of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) developing in previously asymptomatic carriers of human T-cell lympho


[Serologic and genomic research by PCR of hepatitis C virus in different populations in Lome (Togo)]
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1995 Apr;88(5):219-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238230
Agbodjan E; Prince-David M; Nicot T; Dagnra C; Denis F; Department de bacteriologie-virologie-hygiene, CHU Dupuytren,; Limoges.
An epidemiological survey carried out on several groups at University Hospital of Lome showed that the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies is 3.3 % among blood donors, 1.3 % in STD positive subjects and 6.1 % in hospitalized patients. The disparity of the HCV seropositivity rate was not statistically significant among H


[A case of disseminated Encephalitozoon intestinalis microsporidiosis in an AIDS patient in Nimes]
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1995 Apr;88(5):229-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238232
Delage A; Eglin G; Lauraire MC; UF de parasitologie-mycologie-pathologie exotique, Faculte de; medecine, CHU, Nimes.
The pathogene s role importance of the microsporidia in nature is considerable. The human being, easily in contact, presents clinical manifestations only with some of them and in a very occasional manner. The increased frequency of the immunodepression has permitted to describe recently a new protozoon, Encephalitozoo


[ORL manifestations observed in AIDS. Apropos of 65 cases]
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1995 Apr;88(5):234-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238233
Sacko HB; Ag Mohamed A; Maiga MY; Kalle A; Doumbia SY; Guindo A; Service ORL, Hopital Gabriel Toure Bamako, Mali.
We realized a clinical study in 65 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, aged from 3 to 62 years old (mean, 34 years) (34 males and 31 females) interned or showed in consultations at the hospital Gabriel Toure in Bamako, Mali (departments of ENT diseases and of internal m


US approves HIV home test [news]
BMJ. 1996 May 25;312(7042):1317. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233430
Roberts J
HIV antibody test should be a routine investigation for undiagnosed pneumonia [letter]
BMJ. 1996 May 25;312(7042):1363. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233469
Scott GM
Continuing transmission of sexually transmitted diseases among patients infected with HIV. Qualitative study gave different results [letter]
BMJ. 1996 Jun 15;312(7045):1540-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258755
Vedhara K; Nott KH; Holt R; Court P; Southworth D; Holmes J; Snow MH
Continuing transmission of sexually transmitted diseases among patients infected with HIV. HIV infection must be destigmatised [letter]
BMJ. 1996 Jun 15;312(7045):1541. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258757
Danziger R
Continuing transmission of sexually transmitted diseases among patients infected with HIV. Several reasons exist for failure of health education message [letter]
BMJ. 1996 Jun 15;312(7045):1541. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258756
Thornton S; Shah D; Catalan J; Carlin E; Boag F
Continuing transmission of sexually transmitted diseases among patients infected with HIV. Sexual behaviour of homosexual men with and without HIV infection differs [letter]
BMJ. 1996 Jun 15;312(7045):1541-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258758
Tchamouroff SE
Continuing transmission of sexually transmitted diseases among patients infected with HIV. Different diseases indicate different risks of transmission of HIV [letter]
BMJ. 1996 Jun 15;312(7045):1542. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258759
Madge S; Olaitan A; Johnson M
Managing HIV disease without Delta [letter]
BMJ. 1996 Jun 15;312(7045):1542. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96258761
Seaton RA; France AJ; Nathwani D
Pattern, flicker, and flash electroretinography in human immunodeficiency virus infection: a longitudinal study.
Ger J Ophthalmol. 1996 Jan;5(1):16-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214641
Gellrich MM; Kade G; Gerling J; Bach M; Hansen LL; Universitats-Augenklinik, Freiburg, Germany.
To study electroretinographic (ERG) changes in the course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, 42 eyes without retinitis were examined twice or more. During 9.6 months of mean observation time the visual acuity did not change. We found progressive functional impairment for the first, second, and third neuron


Augmentation of CD8 and CD4 lymphocytes subsets in AIDS infected children after treatment with a non-toxic chelating agents compound--Rodilemid.
Rom J Intern Med. 1995 Jul-Dec;33(3-4):205-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234866
Dinu R; Moraru I; State D; Dinu I; Outhospital No. 1, Bucharest, Romania.
Twelve children were included into the protocol, 5 in March 1989 and 7 in April 1993. All of them were HIV 1 positive and had diarrhoea, important adenopathy and opportunistic infections. Seven out of 12 patients had an immunological monitoring. One out of 12 children with B hepatitis died with liver cirrhosis. Eleven


AIDS awareness in blood donors in north India.
Transfus Med. 1995 Dec;5(4):267-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96227707
Choudhury N; Singh P; Chandra H; Department of Transfusion Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate; Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow, UP, India.
Prevention of AIDS can only be achieved by a successful public awareness programme. This study was carried out to establish the level of awareness of AIDS and HIV infection through blood transfusion among Indian blood donors of various socioeconomic groups. A questionnaire consisting of 20 questions pertaining to vari


The utility of IgA antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in early diagnosis of vertically transmitted infection. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Women and Infants Transmission Study Group.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996 Jun;150(6):598-602. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240273
McIntosh K; Comeau AM; Wara D; Diaz C; Landesman S; Pitt J; Rich K; Lew J; Moye J; Kalish LA; Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical; School, Boston, Mass, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) IgA in identifying infected infants at or before 6 months of age among the offspring of HIV-infected mothers. DESIGN: Prospective comparison of anti-HIV IgA measurement performed in 2 different laboratories by 2 differen


Health care of children and adults with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A population-based analysis.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996 Jun;150(6):615-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240276
Turner BJ; Eppes SC; Markson LE; McKee LJ; Fanning TR; Pantell RH; Division of General Internal Medicine, Jefferson Medical College,; Philadelphia, Pa, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the use of medical services by pediatric and adult patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the 6 months before and after the diagnosis of AIDS when demand for care is often high and to study the influence of human immunodeficiency virus specialty care on survival of pediatric


Inhibition of HIV-1 replication and reactivation from latency by tat transdominant negative mutants in the cysteine rich region.
Gene Ther. 1996 Mar;3(3):235-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96252195
Caputo A; Grossi MP; Bozzini R; Rossi C; Betti M; Marconi PC; Barbanti-Brodano G; Balboni PG; Institute of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of; Ferrara, Italy.
Tat mutants (tat22, tat37 and tat22/37) were constructed in the transactivation domain, where cysteines at positions 22 or/and 37 were substituted with glycine and serine, respectively. These mutants were expressed either in a BK virus episomal vector or in the retroviral vector LXSN. Constitutive production of tat22


Cytokines in the central nervous system: regulatory roles in neuronal function, cell death and repair.
Neuroimmunomodulation. 1995 May-Jun;2(3):121-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96229437
Sei Y; Vitkovic L; Yokoyama MM; Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Diabetes,; Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Md 20892, USA.
Recent evidence suggests that neurons and glia can synthesize and secrete cytokines, which play critical roles in maintaining homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) by mediating the interaction between cells via autocrine or paracrine mechanisms. Circulating cytokines and soluble receptors also regulate neuro


Pharmacokinetics of lamivudine administered alone and with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 May;59(5):550-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96228827
Moore KH; Yuen GJ; Raasch RH; Eron JJ; Martin D; Mydlow PK; Hussey EK; School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; 27599-7360, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of multiple dosing of combined sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of lamivudine. METHODS: Fourteen subjects with human immunodeficiency virus who had CD4+ cells > or = 200/mm3 received two single doses of 300 mg lamivudine, separated by 7 to 14 days


Kaposi's sarcoma with an intense parasitization by Leishmania.
Cutis. 1996 Feb;57(2):103-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235445
Gallego MA; Aguilar A; Plaza S; Gomez JM; Burgos F; Agud JL; Marco J; Garcia C; Division of Dermatology, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganes, Madrid,; Spain.
Visceral leishmaniasis has been reported as a complication in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who live in areas where leishmaniasis is endemic or in patients who have traveled to these areas. Kaposi s sarcoma has been found frequently in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)


Should HIV status alter indications for hemorrhoidectomy?
Dis Colon Rectum. 1996 Jun;39(6):615-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96249070
Hewitt WR; Sokol TP; Fleshner PR; Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical; Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
PURPOSE: There is a widespread belief that performing hemorrhoidectomy on a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an invitation for disaster. Aim of this study was to compare morbidity of hemorrhoidectomy in HIV-positive (HIV+) with HIV-negative (HIV-) patients. METHODS: Charts of 27 HIV+ and 30


[Viruses and oxidative stress]
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1996 May 24;121(21):A8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248366
Weismann H
[Intestinal cryptosporidiosis in HIV infection: clinical features, course and therapy]
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1996 May 24;121(21):686-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248372
Gunthard M; Meister T; Luthy R; Weber R; Abteilung infektionskrankheiten und Spitalhygiene,; Universitatsspital Zurich.
OBJECTIVE: To determine retrospectively the clinical features and course of HIV-associated intestinal Cryptosporidium infection and its response to paromomycin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Case notes of all patients treated for cryptosporidiosis over a two-year period at an HIV out-patient clinic were analysed (26 men, four


[AIDS studies with didanosine and stavudine (news)]
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1996 May 31;121(22):A30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96279663
[The HIV-1 RNA serum level and the risk of perinatal HIV-1 transmission (news)]
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1996 Jun 7;121(23):A7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96254534
Morike EM
[Crusted scabies, an important dermatological differential diagnosis in AIDS (letter)]
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1996 Jun 7;121(23):778-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96254542
Slevogt H; Pohle HD; Haas N
Sequence-specific resonance assignments of the 1H-NMR spectra and structural characterization in solution of the HIV-1 transframe protein p6.
Eur J Biochem. 1996 Apr 15;237(2):383-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE SWISSPROT
Beissinger M; Paulus C; Bayer P; Wolf H; Rosch P; Wagner R; Lehrstuhl fur Biopolymere, Universitat Bayreuth, Germany.
The frameshift protein p6* encoded directly upstream of the protease in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pol reading frame is thought to be a natural inhibitor of protease activation and to play a role in the polyprotein processing of Gag and Gag-Pol precursors. To allow structural characterization of t


Development in vitro of human CD4+ thymocytes into functionally mature Th2 cells. Exogenous interleukin-12 is required for priming thymocytes to produce both Th1 cytokines and interleukin-10.
Eur J Immunol. 1996 May;26(5):1083-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238067
Mingari MC; Maggi E; Cambiaggi A; Annunziato F; Schiavetti F; Manetti R; Moretta L; Romagnani S; Istituto di Oncologia Clinica e Sperimentale, University of; Genoa, Italy.
Fresh postnatal thymocyte cell suspensions were directly cloned under limiting dilution conditions with either phytohemagglutinin or toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), a bacterial superantigen. Cultures contained allogenic irradiated feeder cells and interleukin (IL)-2, in the absence or presence of exogenous IL-4


Polyclonal expansion of adoptively transferred CD4+ alpha beta T cells in the colonic lamina propria of scid mice with colitis.
Eur J Immunol. 1996 May;26(5):1156-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238077
Rudolphi A; Bonhagen K; Reimann J; Institute for Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Ulm, Germany.
The adoptive transfer of low numbers of peripheral, non-fractionated CD4+ alpha beta T cells into histocompatible, severely immunodeficient (scid) hosts induces a colitis. This disease developed in C.B-17 scid/scid hosts after the injection of 10(5) CD4+ T cells purified from different peripheral lymphoid organs of im


Interleukin-12 induces interferon-gamma-dependent switching of IgG alloantibody subclass.
Eur J Immunol. 1996 Jun;26(6):1217-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96257798
Gracie JA; Bradley JA; Division of Immunological Science, University of Glasgow,; Scotland.
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a key immunoregulatory cytokine which promotes cell-mediated immunity. Its influence on the humoral immune response is less clearly defined. In this study, the effect of systemic IL-12 treatment on the T cell-dependent humoral immune response in the rat was examined using an experimental syst


Kinetics and functional implications of Th1 and Th2 cytokine production following activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in primary culture.
Eur J Immunol. 1996 Jun;26(6):1260-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96257805
McHugh S; Deighton J; Rifkin I; Ewan P; Molecular Immunopathology Unit, Medical Research Council Centre,; Cambridge, GB.
The importance of cytokine production in some disease processes is now widely recognized. To investigate temporal relationships between cytokines, we stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro using the T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and various antigens chosen to induce predominantly Th1 (


Elevated proliferation and interleukin-4 release from CD4+ cells after chemotherapy in human Schistosoma haematobium infection.
Eur J Immunol. 1996 Jun;26(6):1365-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96257821
Grogan JL; Kremsner PG; Deelder AM; Yazdanbakhsh M; Department of Parasitology, Leiden University, Leiden, The; Netherlands.
Cellular immune responses to schistosomal antigens were examined in 110 Schistosoma haematobium-infected individuals before and 5 weeks after treatment with praziquantel. Chemotherapy resulted in significant decrease in worm load as measured by egg output and circulating antigens. The proliferative responses to adult


Detection of primary direct and indirect human anti-porcine T cell responses using a porcine dendritic cell population.
Eur J Immunol. 1996 Jun;26(6):1378-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96257823
Dorling A; Lombardi G; Binns R; Lechler RI; Department of Immunology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School,; Hammersmith Hospital, London, GB.
The pathways of human anti-pig T cell xenorecognition have been investigated. Freshly isolated porcine alveolar lavage (AL) cells induced primary proliferative responses by human peripheral and cord blood mononuclear cells which were inhibited by anti-HLA-DR antibody (indirect xenorecognition). Following over-night cu


Contribution of interleukin-3 to antigen-induced Th2 cytokine production.
Eur J Immunol. 1996 Jun;26(6):1388-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96257824
Aoki I; Tanaka S; Ishii N; Minami M; Klinman DM; Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University School of; Medicine, Japan.
Short-term stimulation of mouse spleen cells in vitro with interleukin (IL)-3 induces the secretion of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-6. Non-B/non-T cells were the target of this IL-3 effect. However, during long-term antigen-dependent culture, T cells are the major source of IL-4 and IL-6. The addition of IL-3 to such


Evidence of a T helper type 2 activation in human schistosomiasis.
Eur J Immunol. 1996 Jun;26(6):1399-403. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96257826
Araujo MI; de Jesus AR; Bacellar O; Sabin E; Pearce E; Carvalho EM; Immunology Service of University Hospital Professor Edgard; Santos, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil.
The lymphocyte proliferative response and cytokine production to S. mansoni antigen in vitro were evaluated in 22 schistosomiasis patients living in an area endemic for this disease. The majority of patients (86%) showed no lymphocyte proliferative response and none of them showed interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) producti


Introduction: blood safety in the age of AIDS.
FASEB J. 1996 Mar;10(4):390. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96272144
Engleman EG; Stanford Medical School Blood Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Blood safety in the age of AIDS.
FASEB J. 1996 Mar;10(4):391-402. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194702
Roberts SS
This series of essays was developed as part of FASEB s efforts to educate the general public and the legislators whom it elects about the benefits of fundamental biomedical research--particularly how investment in such research leads to scientific progress, improved health, and economic well-being. Blood safety in the


Problems with autologous blood donation in gynecology and obstetrics-
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1996 Feb;56(2):M24-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205083
Dietl J; Univ.-Frauenklinik, Tubingen.
Latent BK virus infection and Kaposi's sarcoma pathogenesis.
Int J Cancer. 1996 Jun 11;66(6):717-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239191
Monini P; Rotola A; de Lellis L; Corallini A; Secchiero P; Albini A; Benelli R; Parravicini C; Barbanti-Brodano G; Cassai E; Institute of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
We have analyzed by PCR skin lesions from classic, endemic and AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), as well as from KS-derived cell lines, the presence of ubiquitous transforming viruses. BK virus (BKV), a transforming human papovavirus which has been associated with human tumors, was detected in 100% of KS skin lesion


Role of the helix clamp in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase catalytic cycling as revealed by alanine-scanning mutagenesis.
J Biol Chem. 1996 May 24;271(21):12213-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96218134
Beard WA; Minnick DT; Wade CL; Prasad R; Won RL; Kumar A; Kunkel TA; Wilson SH; Sealy Center for Molecular Sicence, University of Texas Medical; Branch, Galveston 77555-1068, USA.
Residues 259-284 of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase exhibit sequence homology with other nucleic acid polymerases and have been termed the helix clamp (Hermann, T., Meier, T., Gotte, M., and Heumann, H. (1994) Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 4625-4633), since crystallographic evidence indicates these residues are part of two alpha


Predictive value of seborrheic dermatitis and other common dermatoses for HIV infection in Bamako, Mali.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 Jun;34(6):1084-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96237916
Mahe A; Simon F; Coulibaly S; Tounkara A; Bobin P; Institut Marchoux, Bamako, Mali.
Scutular favus-like tinea cruris et pedis in a patient with AIDS.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 Jun;34(6):1086-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96237917
Bakos L; Bonamigo RR; Pisani AC; Mariante JC; Mallmann R; Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande; do Sul, Hospital de Clinicas, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Deep dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum in a patient with AIDS.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 Jun;34(6):1090-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96237919
Tsang P; Hopkins T; Jimenez-Lucho V; Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony; Brook, Northport Veterans Administration Medical Center, 11768,; USA.
Establishment and characterization of alpha s1-casein-specific T-cell lines from patients allergic to cow's milk: unexpected higher frequency of CD8+ T-cell lines.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Jun;97(6):1342-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243715
Nakajima H; Hachimura S; Nishiwaki S; Katsuki T; Shimojo N; Ametani A; Kohno Y; Kaminogawa S; Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Tokyo,; Japan.
To study cow s milk allergy at the cellular level, we assessed the reactivity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients allergic to cow s milk to alpha s1-casein, which is one of the major allergens in cow s milk. Proliferation of the cells to alpha s1-casein activation showed a rather weak response. Therefo


Delayed expansion of V delta 2+ and V delta 1+ gamma delta T cells after acute Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Jun;97(6):1387-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243720
Schwartz E; Shapiro R; Shina S; Bank I; Department of Medicine, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer,; Israel.
T lymphocytes that express T-cell receptors encoded by the gamma and delta T-cell receptor genes (gamma delta T cells), and preferentially those expressing the V gamma 9 and V delta 2 gene segments, are activated by microbial and parasitic organisms in vitro and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the fever an


Regulation of disease susceptibility: decreased prevalence of IgE-mediated allergic disease in patients with multiple sclerosis.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Jun;97(6):1402-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243722
Oro AS; Guarino TJ; Driver R; Steinman L; Umetsu DT; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, CA 94305-5119,; USA.
The development of restricted cytokine profiles by subsets of CD4+ T cells is a pivotal point in the regulation of immune responses. T cells producing Th1 cytokines ( IL-2 and interferon-gamma) induce cell-mediated immunity, whereas T cells producing Th2 cytokines (IL-4


Free telephone service offers HIV information [news]
Indiana Med. 1996 Jan-Feb;89(1):92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226692
Thymic-independent T cell regeneration occurs via antigen-driven expansion of peripheral T cells resulting in a repertoire that is limited in diversity and prone to skewing.
J Immunol. 1996 Jun 15;156(12):4609-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238924
Mackall CL; Bare CV; Granger LA; Sharrow SO; Titus JA; Gress RE; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Thymic regenerative capacity in humans decreases with age, suggesting that thymic-independent pathways of T cell regeneration may predominate during adulthood. Using a murine bone marrow transplantation model, we present evidence that thymic-independent T cell regeneration occurs primarily via expansion of peripheral


In vivo induction of CTL responses by recombinant adenylate cyclase of Bordetella pertussis carrying viral CD8+ T cell epitopes.
J Immunol. 1996 Jun 15;156(12):4697-706. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238937
Fayolle C; Sebo P; Ladant D; Ullmann A; Leclerc C; Unit for Biology of Immunological Regulations, Pasteur Institute,; Paris, France.
Exogenous Ags enter the endosomal pathway and are presented to CD4+ T cells in association with class II molecules whereas endogenously synthesized Ags, such as viral proteins, are presented to CD8+ T cells in association with MHC class I molecules. Therefore, most CTL activation strategies use live vectors although a


Helicobacter-specific cell-mediated immune responses display a predominant Th1 phenotype and promote a delayed-type hypersensitivity response in the stomachs of mice.
J Immunol. 1996 Jun 15;156(12):4729-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238941
Mohammadi M; Czinn S; Redline R; Nedrud J; Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University,; Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Studies regarding the nature of cell-mediated immunity in Helicobacter pylori infection and its role in pathogenesis have yielded controversial results. To address this issue in a controlled manner, we have employed the well-characterized Helicobacter felis-mouse model. Immunized/challenged and nonimmunized/infected m


Induction of Th1 cell-mediated protective immunity to Schistosoma mansoni by co-administration of larval antigens and IL-12 as an adjuvant.
J Immunol. 1996 Jun 15;156(12):4739-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238942
Mountford AP; Anderson S; Wilson RA; Department of Biology, The University of York, UK.
In this study, rIL-12, which is a powerful inducer of Th1 lymphocyte development, was administered to mice as an adjuvant in conjunction with a soluble lung-stage Ag preparation (SLAP) derived from lung-stage larvae of Schistosoma mansoni to potentiate Th1-mediated immune responses and induce resistance to reinfection


Resistance to murine AIDS in offspring of mice infected with LP-BM5. Role of CD8 T cells.
J Immunol. 1996 Jun 15;156(12):4757-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238944
Pavlovitch JH; Hulier E; Rizk-Rabin M; Marussig M; Mazier D; Joffret ML; Hoos S; Papiernik M; CNRS URA 583, Necker Hospital, Paris, France.
The murine-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) is caused by a mixture of murine leukemia viruses (LP-BM5 MuLV). The influence of perinatal contact with retroviruses or their Ags on the response to infection was tested by infecting with LP-BM5 (MuLV) the adult offspring of mice with MAIDS. These offspring were r


Exploitation of the Vbeta8.2 T cell receptor in protection against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using a live vaccinia virus vector.
J Immunol. 1996 Jun 15;156(12):4940-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238967
Chunduru SK; Sutherland RM; Stewart GA; Doms RW; Paterson Y; Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of; Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
This study takes advantage of the predominant usage of Vbeta8.2 by the TCRs of encephalitogenic T cells specific for myelin basic protein. Vaccinia virus recombinants expressing Vbeta8.2 (VVbeta8.2) 8.2) and Vbeta3 (VVbeta 3) proteins were constructed, and their abilities to confer protection against experimental auto


Enhanced expression of IL-12 associated with Th1 cytokine profiles in active pulmonary sarcoidosis.
J Immunol. 1996 Jun 15;156(12):4952-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238969
Moller DR; Forman JD; Liu MC; Noble PW; Greenlee BM; Vyas P; Holden DA; Forrester JM; Lazarus A; Wysocka M; Trinchieri G; Karp C; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology characterized by the expansion of activated oligoclonal CD4+ T cells and macrophages at sites of disease. To investigate the immunopathogenesis of sarcoidosis, we analyzed patterns of cytokine expression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and fluid fr


The effect of Edmonston-Zagreb and Schwarz measles vaccines on immune response in infants.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1320-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217728
Hussey GD; Goddard EA; Hughes J; Ryon JJ; Kerran M; Carelse E; Strebel PM; Markowitz LE; Moodie J; Barron P; Latief Z; Sayed R; Beatty D; Griffin DE; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape; Town, South Africa.
The effects of measles immunization on immune responses in infants and the roles of vaccine strain and age of immunization are not known. Eighty-eight children were immunized at 6 or 9 months of age with the Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ) or Schwarz (SW6, SW9) strain of measles vaccine. Children were studied before and 2 weeks


Vaccination of pregnant macaques protects newborns against mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus infection.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1327-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217729
Van Rompay KK; Otsyula MG; Tarara RP; Canfield DR; Berardi CJ; McChesney MB; Marthas ML; California Regional Primate Research Center, University of; California, Davis 95616-8542, USA.
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of newborn rhesus macaques is a rapid, sensitive animal model of human pediatric AIDS. Newborn macaques were readily infected by uncloned SIVmac following oral-conjunctival exposure and had persistently high viremia and rapid development of AIDS. In contrast, when 3 pregna


A randomized, placebo-controlled study of the immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rgp160 vaccine in HIV-infected subjects with > or = 400/mm3 CD4 T lymphocytes (AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 137).
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1336-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217730
Valentine FT; Kundu S; Haslett PA; Katzenstein D; Beckett L; Spino C; Borucki B; Vasquez M; Smith G; Korvick J; Kagan J; Merigan TC; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, New York; University Medical Center, USA.
Immune responses provoked by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection ultimately are insufficient to control the disease and do not include strong lymphocyte-proliferative responses to HIV antigens or antibodies to many viral epitopes. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the immunogenicit


IgG antibody to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects: persistence of antibody in responders, revaccination in nonresponders, and relationship of immunoglobulin allotype to response.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1347-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217731
Rodriguez-Barradas MC; Groover JE; Lacke CE; Gump DW; Lahart CJ; Pandey JP; Musher DM; Medical Service, VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons are less likely than are noninfected persons to respond to vaccination with pneumococcal polysaccharides (PPS). Among those who respond, however, similar IgG levels may be achieved. HIV-infected men immunized with pneumococcal vaccine were classified as high- or low-


Virologic and immunologic benefits of initial combination therapy with zidovudine and zalcitabine or didanosine compared with zidovudine monotherapy. Wellcome Resistance Study Collaborative Group.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1354-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217732
Schooley RT; Ramirez-Ronda C; Lange JM; Cooper DA; Lavelle J; Lefkowitz L; Moore M; Larder BA; St. Clair M; Mulder JW; McKinnis R; Pennington KN; Harrigan PR; Kinghorn I; Steel H; Rooney JF; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver 80262, USA.
A randomized controlled study was done to determine whether initial combination therapy with zidovudine and zalcitabine or zidovudine and didanosine would delay the emergence of zidovudine-resistant virus. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected patients with


Human immunodeficiency virus-induced cell death in cytokine-treated macrophages can be prevented by compounds that inhibit late stages of viral replication.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1367-78. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217733
Bergamini A; Dini L; Capozzi M; Ghibelli L; Placido R; Faggioli E; Salanitro A; Buonanno E; Cappannoli L; Ventura L; Cepparulo M; Falasca L; Rocchi G; Department of Public Health, University of Rome Tor Vergata,; Italy.
The basis of the cytopathic effect induced by a laboratory strain and several clinical isolates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in human macrophages cultured in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor was studied. Infected macrophages die of necrosis, the consequence of the production of mature viri


In vivo resistance to a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteinase inhibitor: mutations, kinetics, and frequencies.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1379-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217734
Jacobsen H; Hanggi M; Ott M; Duncan IB; Owen S; Andreoni M; Vella S; Mous J; F. Hoffman-La Roche AG, PRP/Gene Technology, Basel, Switzerland.
Resistance to saquinavir (Ro 31-8959), an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type I proteinase, was studied in peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived proviral DNA from patients undergoing prolonged treatment. A Leu90-->Met exchange was the predominant resistance mutation in vivo; Gly48-->Val or doubly mutant


Prognostic value of viremia in patients with long-standing human immunodeficiency virus infection. Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1388-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217735
Galetto-Lacour A; Yerly S; Perneger TV; Baumberger C; Hirschel B; Perrin L; Division of Infectious Diseases, Central Laboratory of Virology,; Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viremia was evaluated in 73 patients with long-standing infection to investigate its relationship with clinical or biologic parameters and to assess its use as a predictor of clinical progression and death. After adjustment for other parameters, baseline HIV RNA level was significant


Oral immunization with the B subunit of the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli induces early Th1 and late Th2 cytokine expression in Peyer's patches.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1428-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217741
Nakagawa I; Takahashi I; Kiyono H; McGhee JR; Hamada S; Department of Oral Microbiology, Osaka University, Faculty of; Dentistry, Japan.
The B subunit of heat-labile toxin (LT-B) from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli has been shown to be a powerful mucosal immunogen. Oral immunization of mice with LT-B revealed that BALB/c (H-2d) and C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice gave high serum IgG and mucosal IgA responses specific for LT-B. However, ALY (H-2b) mice lacking in


Risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis pelvic inflammatory disease among sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1437-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217742
Kimani J; Maclean IW; Bwayo JJ; MacDonald K; Oyugi J; Maitha GM; Peeling RW; Cheang M; Nagelkerke NJ; Plummer FA; Brunham RC; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba,; Canada.
Among 302 female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya , who were followed for 17.6 +/- 11.1 months, 146 had one or more infections with Chlamydia trachomatis; 102 had uncomplicated cervical infection only, 23 had C. trachomatis pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and 21 had combined C. trach


The presence or absence of active infection, not clinical status, is most closely associated with cytokine responses in lymphatic filariasis.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1453-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217744
de Almeida AB; Maia e Silva MC; Maciel MA; Freedman DO; Division of Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama at; Birmingham, 35294-2170, USA.
Twenty-eight Brazilians from an area in which Wuchereria bancrofti is endemic were classified as asymptomatic microfilaremic or having clinical filariasis with active infection or without current active infection. Total accumulation of antigen-specific interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 in 48 h peripheral blood mononuclear c


Use of antiherpes drugs and the risk of Kaposi's sarcoma: data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1477-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217749
Glesby MJ; Hoover DR; Weng S; Graham NM; Phair JP; Detels R; Ho M; Saah AJ; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; 21205,USA.
To determine if use of antiherpes drugs protects against the development of AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), data from 935 homosexual men with AIDS from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study were analyzed. In nested case-control analysis, neither acyclovir use for human immuno


Polyradiculopathy associated with ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus in an AIDS patient: phenotypic and genotypic characterization of sequential virus isolates.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1481-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217750
Smith IL; Shinkai M; Freeman WR; Spector SA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0672, USA.
To investigate the role of antiviral drug resistance in cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease progression, CMV cultured from an AIDS patient who developed progressive CMV disease despite continual anti- CMV treatment was characterize


Dynamics of virus versus host interaction in children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1485-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217751
Sei S; Akiyoshi H; Bernard J; Venzon DJ; Fox CH; Schwartzentruber DJ; Anderson BD; Kopp JB; Mueller BU; Pizzo PA; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institutes, National Institute; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1928, USA.
To investigate the dynamic interplay between human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) replication and the extent of immune destruction in HIV-1-infected children, virus burden in lymphoid tissues (LN) and peripheral blood was compared with changes in LN architecture and cytokine levels constitutively expressed in L


Seasonal variation of disseminated Penicillium marneffei infections in northern Thailand: a clue to the reservoir?
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1490-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217752
Chariyalertsak S; Sirisanthana T; Supparatpinyo K; Nelson KE; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai; University, Thailand.
Disseminated Penicillium marneffei infections are common AIDS-defining opportunistic infections among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in northern Thailand . Penicilliosis due to P. marneffei is the third most frequent AIDS-defining infection in this popul


Risk factors for susceptibility to heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus infection in women [letter]
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1520-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217760
O'Farrell N
Relationship between immune complex-dissociated p24 antigen and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA titers in plasma [letter]
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1522-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217761
Lafeuillade A; Poggi C; Tamalet C; Profizi N
Relevance of plasma protein binding to antiviral activity and clinical efficacy of inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus protease [letter]
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1524-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217762
Bilello JA; Drusano GL
Rapid progression to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease [letter]
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jun;173(6):1526. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217763
Robinson NJ
Spotlight on DHEA: a marker for progression of HIV infection? [editorial; comment]
J Lab Clin Med. 1996 Jun;127(6):522-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96283427
Brind J
Longitudinal study of adrenal steroids in a cohort of HIV-infected patients with hemophilia [see comments]
J Lab Clin Med. 1996 Jun;127(6):545-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96283431
Chatterton RT Jr; Green D; Harris S; Grossman A; Hechter O; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University; Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
The objective of the study was to relate plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) concentrations to the progression of HIV infection in individual HIV-infected men with hemophilia and to obtain information on the cause of DH EA-S alterations. Blood samples were obtained from 16 men with hemophilia; in 9 men seri


Detection of Epstein-Barr virus early replicative phase using monoclonal antibody BZ-1 in oral hairy leukoplakia and other hyperkeratotic oral mucosal lesions: a retrospective study.
J Nihon Univ Sch Dent. 1996 Mar;38(1):37-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240052
Ogutcen-Toller M; Department of Oral Pathology, Dental Institute, London Hospital; Medical College, University of London, United Kingdom.
The early replicative phase of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected by immunohistochemistry, in addition to routine histology with hematoxylin eosin staining, in formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded archive specimens of 97 hyperkeratotic lesions including oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) in order to assess whether EBV is spe


Complexes of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with inhibitors of the HEPT series reveal conformational changes relevant to the design of potent non-nucleoside inhibitors.
J Med Chem. 1996 Apr 12;39(8):1589-600. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208551
Hopkins AL; Ren J; Esnouf RM; Willcox BE; Jones EY; Ross C; Miyasaka T; Walker RT; Tanaka H; Stammers DK; Stuart DI; Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Rex Richards Building,; Oxford, UK.
Crystal structures of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) complexed with a range of chemically diverse non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNIs) have shown a single pocket in which the inhibitors bind and details of the inhibitor-protein interactions. To delineate the structural requirements for an effective inhibitor, we have de


Lipophilic, acid-stable, adenosine deaminase-activated anti-HIV prodrugs for central nervous system delivery. 3. 6-Amino prodrugs of 2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyinosine.
J Med Chem. 1996 Apr 12;39(8):1619-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208554
Driscoll JS; Siddiqui MA; Ford H Jr; Kelley JA; Roth JS; Mitsuya H; Tanaka M; Marquez VE; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
A series of 6-substituted amino analogs of 9-(2,3-dideoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-threo-pentofuranosyl) purines (F-ddN) has been synthesized and characterized with the objective of finding compounds which might be superior to existing drugs for the treatment of HIV in the central nervous system. These compounds are intended t


Polyanion inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus and other viruses. Part 2. Polymerized anionic surfactants derived from amino acids and dipeptides.
J Med Chem. 1996 Apr 12;39(8):1626-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208555
Leydet A; El Hachemi H; Boyer B; Lamaty G; Roque JP; Schols D; Snoeck R; Andrei G; Ikeda S; Neyts J; Reymen D; Este J; Witvrouw M; De Clercq E; Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Physique, Universite de; Montpellier II, Cedex 5, France.
A series of new polyanions was synthesized via gamma-polymerization, in aqueous micellar solution, of omega-unsaturated anionic surfactants whose polar head was derived from amino acids or dipeptides. The obtained polyanions were evaluated for their activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1, HIV-2) and vari


All-atom models for the non-nucleoside binding site of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase complexed with inhibitors: a 3D QSAR approach.
J Med Chem. 1996 Apr 12;39(8):1645-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208557
Gussio R; Pattabiraman N; Zaharevitz DW; Kellogg GE; Topol IA; Rice WG; Schaeffer CA; Erickson JW; Burt SK; Frederick Biomedical Supercomputing Center, National Cancer; Institute-FCRDC, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA.
Several molecular modeling techniques were used to generate an all-atom molecular model of a receptor binding site starting only from Ca atom coordinates. The model consists of 48 noncontiguous residues of the non-nucleoside binding site of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and was generated using a congeneric series of


CONCERTS: dynamic connection of fragments as an approach to de novo ligand design.
J Med Chem. 1996 Apr 12;39(8):1651-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208558
Pearlman DA; Murcko MA; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Cambridge, Massachusetts; 02139-4211, USA.
We have implemented and tested a new approach to de novo ligand design, CONCERTS (creation of novel compounds by evaluation of residues at target sites). In this method, each member of a user-defined set of fragments is allowed to move independently about a target active site during a molecular dynamics simulation. Th


Aryl phosphoramidate derivatives of d4T have improved anti-HIV efficacy in tissue culture and may act by the generation of a novel intracellular metabolite.
J Med Chem. 1996 Apr 12;39(8):1748-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208568
McGuigan C; Cahard D; Sheeka HM; De Clercq E; Balzarini J; Welsh School of Pharmacy, University of Wales Cardiff, UK.
New phosphate derivatives of the anti-HIV nucleoside analogue d4T were prepared as potential membrane-soluble prodrugs of the bioactive free nucleotide. The enhanced antiviral potency and/or reduced cytotoxicity of the derivatives leads to an increase


X-SITE: use of empirically derived atomic packing preferences to identify favourable interaction regions in the binding sites of proteins.
J Mol Biol. 1996 May 31;259(1):175-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240688
Laskowski RA; Thornton JM; Humblet C; Singh J; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University; College, London, UK.
A new empirically based method for predicting favourable interaction regions within the binding sites of proteins is presented. The method uses spatial distributions of atomic contact preferences derived from a non-homologous dataset of 83 high-resolution protein structures. The contact preferences are obtained for 26


Evidence that a kissing loop structure facilitates genomic RNA dimerisation in HIV-1.
J Mol Biol. 1996 May 31;259(1):58-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240678
Haddrick M; Lear AL; Cann AJ; Heaphy S; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Leicester, School of Medicine, UK.
Genomic RNA isolated from retroviral particles is a dimer composed of two identical strands. A region called the dimer linkage signal close to the 5 end of the RNA may be involved in forming the dimer. Several models for the formation of the HIV-1 RNA dimer have been proposed. In the kissing loop model, dimerisation


Diversity of the envelope glycoprotein among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of clade E from Asia and Africa.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3331-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U48269
McCutchan FE; Artenstein AW; Sanders-Buell E; Salminen MO; Carr JK; Mascola JR; Yu XF; Nelson KE; Khamboonruang C; Schmitt D; Kieny MP; McNeil JG; Burke DS; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of clade E, known to be largely responsible for the fulminating epidemic in Southeast Asia, have been derived exclusively from Asia and Africa. Here we provide full or partial sequences of the envelope glycoprotein gene from 13 additional clade E isolates from Asia represen


Inhibition of human and simian immunodeficiency virus protease function by targeting Vpx-protease-mutant fusion protein into viral particles.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3378-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211467
Wu X; Liu H; Xiao H; Conway JA; Kappes JC; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham,; 35294, USA.
The human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) Vpr and HIV-2 Vpx proteins package into virions through interactions with their cognate Gag polyprotein precursor. The targeting properties of Vpr and Vpx have been exploited to incorporate foreign proteins into virions by expression as heterologous fusion molecules (X.


Targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase by intracellular expression of single-chain variable fragments to inhibit early stages of the viral life cycle.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3392-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211469
Shaheen F; Duan L; Zhu M; Bagasra O; Pomerantz RJ; Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas; Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
Novel molecular approaches to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection have received increasing attention because of the lack of effective antiviral drug therapies in vivo. We now demonstrate that cells can be intracellularly immunized by cytoplasmic expression of single-chain variable antibody fr


Sequences regulating tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 for brain capillary endothelial cells map to a unique region on the viral genome.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3401-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211470
Moses AV; Stenglein SG; Strussenberg JG; Wehrly K; Chesebro B; Nelson JA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon; Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA.
Two infectious molecular clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, NL4-3 and JR-CSF, differ in their abilities to productively infect human brain capillary endothelial (HBCE) cells. The phenotypes of recombinants between these two molecular strains were examined to identify viral sequences responsible for the dif


Folding, assembly, and intracellular trafficking of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein analyzed with monoclonal antibodies recognizing maturational intermediates.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3407-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211471
Otteken A; Earl PL; Moss B; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0455, USA.
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that bind linear or conformational epitopes on monomeric or oligomeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins were screened for their recognition of maturational intermediates. On the basis of reactivities with gp160 at different times after pulse-labeling, the


Spontaneous mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag gene that affect viral replication in the presence of cyclosporins.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3536-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211485
Aberham C; Weber S; Phares W; Sandoz Forschungsinstitut, Vienna, Austria.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants that are resistant to inhibition by cyclosporins arise spontaneously in vitro during propagation in a HeLa-CD4+ cell line in the presence of a nonimmunosuppressive analog of cyclosporin A. Interestingly, the phenotype of all of the mutants examined is drug resistant and drug


Intraepithelial gamma/delta T cells in duodenal mucosa are related to the immune state and survival time in AIDS.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3545-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211486
Nilssen DE; Muller F; Oktedalen O; Froland SS; Fausa O; Halstensen TS; Brandtzaeg P; Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology,; Institute of Pathology, University of Oslo, Norway.
The proportion of T-cell receptor gamma/delta+ cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio relative to all CD3+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) were determined by immunofluorescence in duodenal mucosa of late-stage (mostly CDC IVC1/D) subjects (n = 21) infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The gamma/delta fract


Cyclophilin A is required for an early step in the life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 before the initiation of reverse transcription.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3551-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211487
Braaten D; Franke EK; Luban J; Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons,; Columbia University, New York 10032, USA.
Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virions via contact with the Gag polyprotein. Genetic or pharmacologic disruption of CyPA incorporation causes a quantitative reduction in virion infectivity with no discernible effects on virion assembly or on endogenous reverse tra


Longitudinal studies of viral sequence, viral phenotype, and immunologic parameters of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in perinatally infected twins with discordant disease courses.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3589-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211491
Hutto C; Zhou Y; He J; Geffin R; Hill M; Scott W; Wood C; Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine,; Florida 33136, USA.
Perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections cause a broad spectrum of clinical disease and are variable in both the age of the patient at onset of serious disease and the progression of the clinical course. Heterozygotic perinatally infected twins with a marked difference in their clinical courses


The human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 p12I proteins bind the interleukin-2 receptor beta and gammac chains and affects their expression on the cell surface.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3599-605. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211492
Mulloy JC; Crownley RW; Fullen J; Leonard WJ; Franchini G; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
p12I is a small hydrophobic protein encoded by the human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) that interacts with the 16-kDa component of the H+ vacuolar ATPase and cooperates with bovine papillomavirus 1 E5 oncoprotein in cell transformation. Just as an important step in E5 action appears to be its bind


Complete nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of snakehead fish retrovirus.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3606-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211493
Hart D; Frerichs GN; Rambaut A; Onions DE; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Glasgow; Veterinary School, United Kingdom.
The complete genome of the snakehead fish retrovirus has been cloned and sequenced, and its transcriptional profile in cell culture has been determined. The 11.2-kb provirus displays a complex expression pattern capable of encoding accessory proteins and is unique in the predicted location of the env initiation codon


Genetic characterization of new West African simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsm: geographic clustering of household-derived SIV strains with human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtypes and genetically diverse viruses from a single feral sooty mangabey troop.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3617-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211494
Chen Z; Telfier P; Gettie A; Reed P; Zhang L; Ho DD; Marx PA; The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York 10016, USA.
It has been proposed that human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) originated from simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) that are natural infections of sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys). To test this hypothesis, SIVs from eight sooty mangabeys, including six new viruses from West Africa, were genetically


Inhibitory activity of the equine infectious anemia virus major 5' splice site in the absence of Rev.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3645-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211497
Tan W; Schalling M; Zhao C; Luukkonen M; Nilsson M; Fenyo EM; Pavlakis GN; Schwartz S; Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institute,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The major 5 splice site of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) conforms to the consensus 5 splice site in eight consecutive positions and is located immediately upstream of the gag AUG. Our results show that the presence of this 5 splice site on the EIAV gag mRNA decreases Gag production 30- to 60-fold. This is c


Quantitative model of antibody- and soluble CD4-mediated neutralization of primary isolates and T-cell line-adapted strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3668-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211499
Klasse PJ; Moore JP; Chester Beatty Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
Primary isolates (PI) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are considerably less sensitive than T-cell line-adapted strains to neutralization by soluble CD4 and by most cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies to the viral envelope (Env) glycoprotein, as well as by postinfection and postvaccination sera (J. P. M


(Alkylamino) piperidine bis(heteroaryl)piperizine analogs are potent, broad-spectrum nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors of drug-resistant isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and select for drug-resistant variants of HIV-1IIIB with reduced replication phenotypes.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3698-705. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211502
Olmsted RA; Slade DE; Kopta LA; Poppe SM; Poel TJ; Newport SW; Rank KB; Biles C; Morge RA; Dueweke TJ; Yagi Y; Romero DL; Thomas RC; Sharma SK; Tarpley WG; Cancer and Infectious Diseases Research, Pharmacia & Upjohn,; Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001.
The (alkylamino)piperidine bis(heteroaryl)piperizines (AAP-BHAPs) are a new class of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific inhibitors which were identified by targeted screening of recombinant reverse transcriptase (RT) enzymes carrying key nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistanc


Synthesis and assembly of retrovirus Gag precursors into immature capsids in vitro.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3706-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211503
Sakalian M; Parker SD; Weldon RA Jr; Hunter E; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham,; 35294-2170, USA.
The assembly of retroviral particles is mediated by the product of the gag gene; no other retroviral gene products are necessary for this process. While most retroviruses assemble their capsids at the plasma membrane, viruses of the type D class preassemble immature capsids within the cytoplasm of infected cells. This


Vaccine protection by a triple deletion mutant of simian immunodeficiency virus.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3724-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211505
Wyand MS; Manson KH; Garcia-Moll M; Montefiori D; Desrosiers RC; TSI Mason Laboratory, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Twelve rhesus monkeys were vaccinated with SIVmac316 delta nef (lacking nef sequences), and 12 were vaccinated with SIVmac239 delta3 (lacking nef, vpr, and upstream sequences in U3). SIVmac316 and SIVmac239 differ by only eight amino acids in the envelope; these changes render SIVmac316 highly competent for replicatio


Patterns of viral replication correlate with outcome in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques: effect of prior immunization with a trivalent SIV vaccine in modified vaccinia virus Ankara.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3741-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211507
Hirsch VM; Fuerst TR; Sutter G; Carroll MW; Yang LC; Goldstein S; Piatak M Jr; Elkins WR; Alvord WG; Montefiori DC; Moss B; Lifson JD; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy; and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland 20892, USA.
The dynamics of plasma viremia were explored in a group of 12 simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) that had received prior immunization with either nonrecombinant or trivalent (gag-pol, env) SIV-recombinant vaccinia viruses. Three distinct patterns of viral replication observed


Second locus involved in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistance to protease inhibitors.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3763-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211509
Doyon L; Croteau G; Thibeault D; Poulin F; Pilote L; Lamarre D; Department of Biochemistry, Bio-Mega/Boehringer Ingleheim; Research Inc., Laval, Quebec, Canada.
Protease inhibitors are potent antiviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. As with reverse transcriptase inhibitors, however, resistance to protease inhibitors can develop and is attributed to the appearance of mutations in the protease gene. With


Interference to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in the absence of downmodulation of the principal virus receptor, CD4.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3823-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211516
Volsky DJ; Simm M; Shahabuddin M; Li G; Chao W; Potash MJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital; Center, New York 10019, USA. djv4@columbia.edu
It is thought that interference during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is established by downmodulation of the principal virus receptor, CD4. Here we present evidence to the contrary. At various times after primary infection, we superinfected T cells in vitro by exposure to a genetically distinct


Avian retroviral RNA element promotes unspliced RNA accumulation in the cytoplasm.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3834-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211517
Ogert RA; Lee LH; Beemon KL; Department of Biology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore,; Maryland 21218, USA.
All retroviruses need mechanisms for nucleocytoplasmic export of their unspliced RNA and for maintenance of this RNA in the cytoplasm, where it is either translated to produce Gag and Pol proteins or packaged into viral particles. The complex retroviruses encode Rev or Rex regulatory proteins, which interact with cis-


Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication is blocked prior to reverse transcription and integration in freshly isolated peripheral blood monocytes.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3863-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211520
Sonza S; Maerz A; Deacon N; Meanger J; Mills J; Crowe S; AIDS Pathogenesis Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical; Research, Melbourne, Australia. sonza@burner.mbcmr.unimalb.edu.au
Peripheral blood monocytes are resistant to productive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro immediately after isolation. No viral cDNA (either early or late transcripts) was detected by PCR in monocytes exposed to virus on the day of isolation. In contrast, in monocytes cultured for as little


Expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase in trans during virion release and after infection.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3870-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211521
Ansari-Lari MA; Gibbs RA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of; Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
The normal reverse transcription of retroviral RNA is a complex process which depends on the orchestration of several steps throughout the virus life cycle. During the assembly of retroviruses, reverse transcriptase (RT) is directed into the virion as a component of the Gag-Pol polyprotein. In the maturation of the Ga


Simian immunodeficiency virus DNA vaccine trial in macaques.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):3978-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211533
Lu S; Arthos J; Montefiori DC; Yasutomi Y; Manson K; Mustafa F; Johnson E; Santoro JC; Wissink J; Mullins JI; Haynes JR; Letvin NL; Wyand M; Robinson HL; Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester 01655, USA.
An experimental vaccine consisting of five DNA plasmids expressing different combinations and forms of simian immunodeficiency virus-macaque (SIVmac) proteins has been evaluated for the ability to protect against a highly pathogenic uncloned SIVmac251 challenge. One vaccine plasmid encoded nonreplicating SIVmac239 vir


Costimulation of cytokine gene expression in T cells by the human T leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 trans activator Tax.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):4001-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211535
Himes SR; Katsikeros R; Shannon MF; Division of Human Immunology, Hanson Centre for Cancer Research,; Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South; Australia, Australia.
Many cell signals such as CD28 and CD4 binding can costimulate cytokine gene expression in activated T cells. We have found that the human T leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 viral protein Tax can also strongly costimulate expression of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ), IL-3, and


Repression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat-driven gene expression by binding of the virus to its primary cellular receptor, the CD4 molecule.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):4009-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211536
Berube P; Barbeau B; Cantin R; Sekaly RP; Tremblay M; Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de; l'Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada.
We have previously postulated that the binding of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to cell surface CD4 induces signal transduction pathways that down-modulate production of progeny virions in acutely infected T cells (M. Tremblay, S. Meloche, S. Gratton, M. A. Wainberg, and R.-P. Sekaly, EMBO J. 13:774-


A critical role for the TAR element in promoting efficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):4017-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211537
Harrich D; Ulich C; Gaynor RB; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas 75235-8594, USA.
The regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression is dependent on the transactivator protein Tat and an RNA element extending from the transcription initiation site to +57 known as TAR. TAR forms a stable RNA secondary structure which is critical for high levels of HIV-1 gene expression and


Human T-cell leukemia virus infection of human hematopoietic progenitor cells: maintenance of virus infection during differentiation in vitro and in vivo.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):4038-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211539
Feuer G; Fraser JK; Zack JA; Lee F; Feuer R; Chen IS; Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; School of Medicine, 90095-1678, USA.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy-tropical spastic paraparesis. We examined whether HTLV could productively infect human hematopoietic progenitor cells. CD34+ cells were enriched from human fetal liver cells and coc


Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat variants from 42 patients representing all stages of infection display a wide range of sequence polymorphism and transcription activity.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):4053-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211541
Estable MC; Bell B; Merzouki A; Montaner JS; O'Shaughnessy MV; Sadowski IJ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of; Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada, Vancouver.
Despite extensive in vitro studies identifying a myriad of cellular transcription factors that bind the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 5 long terminal repeat (LTR), the relative contribution of these factors to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in infected individuals remains obscure. To address th


Induction of interleukin-12 (IL-12) by recombinant glycoprotein gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in human monocytes/macrophages: requirement of gamma interferon for IL-12 secretion.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):4121-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211551
Fantuzzi L; Gessani S; Borghi P; Varano B; Conti L; Puddu P; Belardelli F; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
We studied the effects of the gp120 glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 on the expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in human monocytes and in monocyte-derived macrophages. Induction of the mRNA for both the p35 and p40 subunits of IL-12 was observed in both cell types after gp120 treatment. We then eva


Requirements for lymphocyte activation by unusual strains of simian immunodeficiency virus.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):4157-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211558
Du Z; Ilyinskii PO; Sasseville VG; Newstein M; Lackner AA; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772-9102, USA.
When residues 17 and 18 in nef of simian immunodeficiency virus strain SIVmac239 were changed from RQ to YE, the resultant virus was able to replicate in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures without prior lymphocyte activation and without the addition of exogenous interleukin-2, caused extensive lymphocyte activ


The envelope gp120 gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 determines the rate of CD4-positive T-cell depletion in SCID mice engrafted with human peripheral blood leukocytes.
J Virol. 1996 Jun;70(6):4184-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211563
Gulizia RJ; Levy JA; Mosier DE; Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037, USA.
We have used envelope recombinant viruses generated between two molecular clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), T-cell-tropic HIV-1SF2 and macrophage-tropic HIV-1SF162, to assess pathogenic potential in the human peripheral blood leukocyte-reconstituted severe combined immune deficiency mouse model. R


Micturition disturbances and human immunodeficiency virus infection.
J Urol. 1996 Jul;156(1):157-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96237719
Hermieu JF; Delmas V; Boccon-Gibod L; Department of Urology, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
PURPOSE: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections often lead to urological disorders, including tumors, infections and micturitional disturbances. It often is difficult to identify the origin of voiding disorders but the most frequent causes are infections (prostatitis and so forth), obstruction (cervico-prostati


[Information from the American Academy of Ophthalmology: how AIDS affects the eye (news)]
Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 1996 Feb;208(2):aA7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204618
[HIV is a threat even to eye-sight. Cooperation between clinics has improved diagnosis and treatment]
Lakartidningen. 1996 Mar 20;93(12):1121-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248715
Hedquist BG; Gjotterberg M; el Azazi M; Sandstrom E; Bratt G; Akerlund B; Ogonkliniken, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm.
[Two different HIV types are known. The differences may explain mechanisms of the infection]
Lakartidningen. 1996 Jun 5;93(23):2230, 2235-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96266555
Andersson S; Naucler A; Norrgren H; Biberfeld G; Enheten for immunologi, Smittskyddsinstitutet, Stockholm.
HIV and Kaposi's sarcoma.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 6;164(9):539-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221448
Millar JL; Goldstein D; Gelmon KA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne,; VIC.
The usual occurrence of Kaposi s sarcoma in otherwise healthy gay men in North America in the early 1980s was one of the first hints of the HIV epidemic. Kaposi s sarcoma remains a vexing problem. Existing treatments are not wholly satisfactory, but they can control the disease s unsightly appearance and the complicat


HIV and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 6;164(9):543-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221449
Hoy JF; Marriott D; Gottlieb T; Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne, VIC.
About one in three patients with advanced immune deficiency will develop disseminated MAC infection. This incidence can be reduced with prophylactic drug therapy, and established infections can be effectively treated, with improved quality of life and lengthened survival.


HIV and bacterial infections.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 6;164(9):546-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221450
Allworth AM; Bowden FJ; Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane Hospital, QLD.
Patients with HIV infection have a high risk of bacterial infection. A high index of suspicion for common and less common bacterial infections is needed, together with a flexible approach to diagnosis and therapy. Many infections are characterized by relapse after therapy; long-term treatment is frequently required.


HIV, weight loss and wasting syndrome.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 6;164(9):549-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221451
Kelly MD; Lloyd AR; Kemp RJ; Inflammation Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of; New South Wales, Sydney.
Weight loss in HIV infection can be severe and distressing. Management must address the likely combination of causes by excluding opportunistic infection, monitoring drug effects, palliating diarrhoea, supporting a healthy diet and using drug therapy to improve appetite or weight gain.


Recommendations for antimicrobial prophylaxis in HIV.
Med J Aust. 1996 May 6;164(9):551. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221452
Mijch AM; Quin J; Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne, VIC.
Much of the improvement n quality and length of life achieved by HIV medical science is due to primary and secondary prophylaxis for opportunistic infection.


Safe sex information: getting it right [letter]
Med J Aust. 1996 May 6;164(9):575. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221465
McCamish M
cis-acting sequences located downstream of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter affect its chromatin structure and transcriptional activity.
Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Jun;16(6):2958-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220483
el Kharroubi A; Martin MA; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
We have examined the roles of AP-1, AP-3-like, DBF1, and Sp1 binding sites, which are located downstream of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) promoter, in regulating basal transcriptional activity directed by the integrated viral long terminal repeat (LTR). Point mutations affecting all four of these ele


Complex formation between CREB and Tax enhances the binding affinity of CREB for the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 21-base-pair repeats.
Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Jun;16(6):3156-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220502
Yin MJ; Gaynor RB; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas 75235-8594, USA.
The regulation of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) gene expression is dependent on three cis-acting elements, known as the 21-bp repeats, in the long terminal repeat. Each of the 21-bp repeats contains a nonpalindromic cyclic AMP response element (CRE) sequence which is capable of binding members of the ATF


Design and synthesis of a highly immunogenic, discontinuous epitope of HIV-1 gp120 which binds to CD4+ve transfected cells.
Mol Immunol. 1996 Feb;33(2):171-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215466
Cotton GJ; Howie SE; Heslop I; Ross JA; Harrison DJ; Ramage R; Department of Pathology, University Medical School, Edinburgh,; UK.
Here we report the design and synthesis of a novel 32-mer peptide, Lys364-378Val445-459.oxidized (named GC-1), which represents a discontinuous epitope from the C3 and C4 domains of gp120 from the HIV-1 IIIB isolate. This peptide induces high titre IgG antibody responses in mice, indicating that it has both B and T ce


Selection of phage displayed antibodies based on kinetic constants.
Mol Immunol. 1996 Feb;33(3):279-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240694
Duenas M; Malmborg AC; Casalvilla R; Ohlin M; Borrebaeck CA; Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Sweden.
The display of antibody fragments on the surface of filamentous bacteriophages and the selection of binders from antibody libraries have provided powerful tools to generate human antibodies. We reported recently a new concept (SAP system) for the selection of specific phages by linking antigenic recognition and phage


NIH bucks political trend to win increased funds from Congress [news]
Nature. 1996 Jun 20;381(6584):633. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96260004
Wadman M
Rockefeller link for AIDS centre [news]
Nature. 1996 Jun 20;381(6584):641. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96260009
Hot fusion of HIV [news; comment]
Nature. 1996 Jun 20;381(6584):647-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96260012
Weiss RA; Clapham PR
Identification of a major co-receptor for primary isolates of HIV-1 [see comments]
Nature. 1996 Jun 20;381(6584):661-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96260017
Deng H; Liu R; Ellmeier W; Choe S; Unutmaz D; Burkhart M; Di Marzio P; Marmon S; Sutton RE; Hill CM; Davis CB; Peiper SC; Schall TJ; Littman DR; Landau NR; Skirball Institute for BioMolecular Medicine, New York University; Medical Center, 10016, USA.
Entry of HIV-1 into target cells requires cell-surface CD4 and additional host cell cofactors. A cofactor required for infection with virus adapted for growth in transformed T-cell lines was recently identified and named fusin. However, fusin does not promote entry of macrophage-tropic viruses, which are believed to b


HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells is mediated by the chemokine receptor CC-CKR-5 [see comments]
Nature. 1996 Jun 20;381(6584):667-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96260018
Dragic T; Litwin V; Allaway GP; Martin SR; Huang Y; Nagashima KA; Cayanan C; Maddon PJ; Koup RA; Moore JP; Paxton WA; The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller; University, New York 10016, USA.
The beta-chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES inhibit infection of CD4+ T cells by primary, non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) HIV-1 strains at the virus entry stage, and also block env-mediated cell-cell membrane fusion. CD4+ T cells from some HIV-1-exposed uninfected individuals cannot fuse with NSI HIV-1 strains a


Neurologic consequences of HTLV-II infection in injection-drug users.
Neurology. 1996 Jun;46(6):1556-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248967
Dooneief G; Marlink R; Bell K; Marder K; Renjifo B; Stern Y; Mayeux R; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Several case reports have suggested an association between human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) infection and chronic neurologic disease. We performed serial neurologic examinations in injection-drug users (IDU), a group known to be at increased risk for HTLV-II infection. At baseline, those infected with


The correlation between neuropsychological and neuroanatomic changes over time in asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV-1-infected individuals.
Neurology. 1996 Jun;46(6):1697-702. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248992
Hall M; Whaley R; Robertson K; Hamby S; Wilkins J; Hall C; AIDS Neurologic Center, University of North Carolina School of; Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599, USA.
To determine the relationship between neuroanatomic and neuropsychological changes in both asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV-1-infected individuals, we conducted a longitudinal study of 47 HIV-infected individuals, 15 of whom were asymptomatic and 32 of whom had either AIDS-related complex or AIDS. To measure neuroanat


Acute nephritis by Aspergillus in a patient with AIDS.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996 Jan;11(1):194-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96221658
Munoz-Bustillo E; Tejedor D; Garcia A; Noguerado A; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid,; Spain.
Characteristics of menstruation in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Jun;87(6):1030-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96240587
Ellerbrock TV; Wright TC; Bush TJ; Dole P; Brudney K; Chiasson MA; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, Georgia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the characteristics of menstruation in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the impact of immunosuppression on menstruation in HIV-infected women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 197 HIV-infected and 189 HIV-uninfected women were interviewed about menstruation and


Selective cooperation of HTLV-1-encoded p40tax-1 with cellular oncoproteins in the induction of hematopoietic cell proliferation.
Oncogene. 1996 Jun 6;12(11):2403-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239601
Miyazaki T; Liu ZJ; Taniguchi T; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Tokyo, Japan.
Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of adult T cell leukemia (ATL). The virus-encoded p40tax-1, a nuclear oncoprotein, is known to promote transcription of its own as well as a variety of cellular genes. However, the mechanism by which p40tax-1 promotes lymphocyte transformation is not f


Proliferation of HTLV-1 infected circulating cells in vivo in all asymptomatic carriers and patients with TSP/HAM.
Oncogene. 1996 Jun 6;12(11):2419-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96239603
Cavrois M; Gessain A; Wain-Hobson S; Wattel E; INSERM Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, France.
Assuming that the clonal expansion of T cells harbouring the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) provirus is a central feature of HTLV-1 infection, the identification of such cells was sought among a series of 19 asymptomatic carriers and 19 cases of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (T


Specific association of Mil/Raf proteins with a 34 kDa phosphoprotein.
Oncogene. 1996 Mar 7;12(5):1145-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243060
Lovric J; Radziwill G; Moelling K; Institut fuer Medizinische Virologie, Universitaet Zuerich,; Switzerland.
Mil/Raf protein kinases are intermediates in signaling pathways leading to differentiation, mitogenesis and cellular transformation. To gain insight into the activity of Mil/Raf kinases at the molecular level we aimed to identify proteins specifically interacting with Mil/Raf proteins. A phosphoprotein of 34 kDa (pp34


Bacillary angiomatosis presenting as a nasal mass with epistaxis.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996 Mar;114(3):443-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243245
Vickery CL; Dempewolf S; Porubsky ES; Faulk CT; Division of Otolaryngology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta,; USA.
Large oral ulcers leading to the destruction of the tonsils in patients with AIDS.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996 Mar;114(3):474-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243252
Chaudhry R; Akhtar S; Lucente FE; Kim DS; Departments of Otolaryngology and Pathology, State University of; New York-Health Science Center at Brooklyn, USA.
Diverse hematologic effects of parvovirus B19 infection.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1996 Jun;43(3):809-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96248170
Mustafa MM; McClain KL; Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and; Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia.
Human parvovirus B19 is linked with a broadening spectrum of hematologic disorders, including aplastic crises in the context of hemolytic anemias, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hemophagocytic syndromes. Children with any of these cytopenias should be screened for the presence of B19 because treatment with intrave


Differences in mutagenesis during minus strand, plus strand and strand transfer (recombination) synthesis of the HIV-1 gene in vitro.
Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 May 1;24(9):1710-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211376
Wu W; Palaniappan C; Bambara RA; Fay PJ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Rochester, NY 14642,; USA.
We have developed an HIV nef-Escherichia coli lacZ fusion system in vitro that allows the detection of low frequency mutations, including frameshifts, deletions and insertions. A portion of the nef gene that encompasses a hypervariable region was fused in-frame with a downstream lacZalpha peptide coding region. The re


Relationship between plus strand DNA synthesis removal of downstream segments of RNA by human immunodeficiency virus, murine leukemia virus and avian myeloblastoma virus reverse transcriptases.
Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 May 1;24(9):1719-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211377
Fuentes GM; Fay PJ; Bambara RA; Department of Microbiology, University of Rochester,School of; Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642, USA.
During retroviral reverse transcription the genomic RNA is degraded by the RNase H activity of reverse transcriptase (RT). Previous results suggest that after RNA-directed DNA synthesis, fragments of RNA remain annealed to the newly synthesized DNA [DeStefano et al.(1991) J. Biol.Chem. 266, 7423-7431]. These must be r


[Gdansk HIV-AIDS project, yesterday, today and future (editorial)]
Pol Tyg Lek. 1995 Sep;50(36-39):4-8, 15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216983
Zielinska W
Medical care project for HIV positive and AIDS patients in Gdansk voivodship was established in 1988 in the Clinic for Infectious Diseases of Gdansk Medical University. The aim of this modern and multidirectional program was to provide full medical care for HIV/AIDS patients and introduce effective prophylaxis against


Ebola virus disease. Recognizing the face of a rare killer.
Postgrad Med. 1996 May;99(5):75-6, 78. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96219037
Sodhi A; University of Southern California-Los Angeles County Medical; Center 90033, USA. asodhi@hsc.usc.edu
Because of international travel and immigration, US physicians should be aware of the signs and symptoms of Ebola virus disease. It should be suspected in any recent traveler who presents with manifestations of viral hemorrhagic fever and in laboratory workers exposed to animals from endemic areas who show symptoms. I


Human immunodeficiency virus tat gene transfer to the murine central nervous system using a replication-defective herpes simplex virus vector stimulates transforming growth factor beta 1 gene expression.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 11;93(12):6073-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234092
Rasty S; Thatikunta P; Gordon J; Khalili K; Amini S; Glorioso JC; Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of; Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261, USA.
The high incidence of neurological disorders in patients afflicted with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may result from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) induction of chemotactic signals and cytokines within the brain by virus-encoded gene products. Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) is a


Recombination leads to the rapid emergence of HIV-1 dually resistant mutants under selective drug pressure.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 11;93(12):6106-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234098
Moutouh L; Corbeil J; Richman DD; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego,; 92093-0679, USA.
The potential contribution of recombination to the development of HIV-1 resistance to multiple drugs was investigated. Two distinct viruses, one highly resistant to a protease inhibitor (SC-52151) and the other highly resistant to zidovudine, were used to coinfect T lymphoblastoid cells in culture. The viral genotypes


Superantigens: structure and relevance to human disease.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1996 Jun;212(2):99-109. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96236095
Johnson HM; Torres BA; Soos JM; Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of; Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
Superantigens are a class of immunostimulatory molecules produced by bacteria and viruses. Their potent immune effects are due to their unique ability to bind to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) outside the antigen-binding cleft and to stimulate T cells in a T-cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta-specific manner. Struc


[In situ PCR detection of HTLV-1 provirus in spinal cord lesions with HAM/TSP]
Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso. 1996 Apr;41(5):656-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206393
Izumo S; Kashio N; Hashimoto K; Osame M; Division of Molecular Pathology and Genetic Epidemiology, Center; for Chronic Viral Diseases, Kagoshima University, Japan.
[Analysis of HTLV-1 expression in vivo]
Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso. 1996 Apr;41(5):681-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206398
Saito M; Yoshida M; Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
[Novel molecular technology for HIV detection and analysis]
Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso. 1996 Apr;41(5):686-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206399
Tamatsukuri S; Hirose T; Hayashi K; Kusagawa S; Takebe Y; Nippon Roche K.K., Kanagawa, Japan.
[Fever, cough and x-ray pulmonary condensation in an HIV-positive patient. Kaposi's sarcoma]
Rev Clin Esp. 1996 Mar;196(3):193. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96234604
Gomez Martinez MV; Gallardo FG; Soriano V; Castro-Beiras JM; Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, CIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III,; Madrid.
[Treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections]
Rev Mal Respir. 1996;13(1):81-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96247928
Dautzenberg B; Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris.
Correlates of protective viruses damaging to HIV infection [letter]
Science. 1996 May 31;272(5266):1362. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96243142
Zinkernagel RM; Hengartner H
A second coreceptor for HIV in early stages of infection [news]
Science. 1996 Jun 21;272(5269):1740. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96256468
Balter M
[Why are AIDS patients frequently visually impaired?]
Ther Umsch. 1996 Jan;53(1):49-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214433
Fabricius EM
Patients with HIV infection and, above all, patients with full-blown AIDS can get a variety of ocular diseases as well as some cerebral maladies which have an influence on ocular functions. First there are hematogenous opportunistic infections of the retina or the choroid. The cytomega


[Vaccination against feline retrovirus infections]
Tierarztl Prax. 1996 Apr;24(2):197-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233278
Horzinek MC; Institute of Veterinary Research, Veterinarmedizinischen; Fakultat, Universitat Utrecht, Niederlande.
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), both of veterinary importance, their antigenic and genetic variability as well as their pathogenicity are described. Disease following FeLV infection is interpreted as a consequence of genetic recombination, as a result of viral evolution in vivo. T


Horizontal versus vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Experience from southwestern Saudi Arabia.
Trop Geogr Med. 1995;47(6):293-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209380
al-Nozha MM; al-Frayh AR; al-Nasser M; Ramia S; Department of Medicine, King Fahad Hospital, Al-Baha, Saudi; Arabia.
Twenty-five confirmed cases of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection due to blood transfusion have been documented at King Fahad Hospital (KFH) in Al-Baha, southwestern Saudi Arabia since 1986, but complete follow-up


Reducing the cost of HIV-testing through use of the IgG antibody captured particle adherence test (GACPAT) in district hospitals.
Trop Geogr Med. 1995;47(6):296-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209381
Klokke AH; Berege ZA; Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.
Though the World Health Organization (WHO) has acted to reduce the price of anti-HIV assays for developing countries, the cost of the large-scale testing to be done may still be prohibitive to the health budget of these countries. GACPAT, a modified commercial particle assay, is ten ti


Invasive strongyloidiasis [letter]
Trop Geogr Med. 1995;47(6):310. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209386
Arya SC
Malawi has the highest number of reported cases of AIDS [letter]
Trop Geogr Med. 1995;47(6):310-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209388
Wilbrink J
[AIDS--the leading cause of death among young adult men in Copenhagen and Frederiksberg]
Ugeskr Laeger. 1996 Jun 10;158(24):3448-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96259362
Fouchard JR; Bille H; AIDS-sekretariatet og medicinstatistisk afdeling,; Sundhedsstyrelsen, Kobenhavn.
The objective was to describe the extent to which HIV infection has become a major cause of death among young adults in Denmark . The design used was retrospective review of underlying causes of death recorded in the National Danish


Epididymocutaneous fistula in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Marfan's syndrome.
Urology. 1996 May;47(5):766-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96238128
Weiner DM; Lowe FC; Department of Urology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York,; NY 10019, USA.
Epididymocutaneous fistula is a rare entity. A recent case in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Marfan s syndrome led to this review. The patient s immunocompromised status as well as his past medical history necessitated special considerations in the diagnosis and management of his epididymocu


WAPC position statement. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) education and testing in the perinatal period. Wisconsin Association for Perinatal Care.
Wis Med J. 1996 Jan;95(1):30-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226935
[Also HIV subtype E is not transmitted by kissing (news)]
Z Arztl Fortbild (Jena). 1996 Feb;90(1):49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212143
Anal and penile condylomas in HIV-negative and HIV-positive men: clinical, histological and virological characteristics correlated to therapeutic outcome.
Acta Derm Venereol. 1995 Nov;75(6):470-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96237081
von Krogh G; Wikstrom A; Syrjanen K; Syrjanen S; Department of Dermatovenereology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Clinical, histological and HPV DNA hybridization findings were analyzed for 73 homosexual and 38 heterosexual men attending for anal warts; therapy results were evaluated retrospectively for 76 of these patients. Concurrent anal and penile warts occurred most commonly in the heterosexual men (p


Effects of micronutrient intake on survival in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Jun 15;143(12):1244-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245096
Tang AM; Graham NM; Saah AJ; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
The authors examined the relation between dietary and supplemental micronutrient intake and subsequent mortality among 281 human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1)-infected participants at the Baltimore, Maryland/Washington, DC, site of the Multicenter Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Cohort Study. Subjects completed a


Extension of the life table to repeating and changing events.
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Jun 15;143(12):1266-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96245098
Hoover DR; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public; Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Estimation of cumulative and adjusted occurrence of life events and measures over time is often important in settings where study subjects have incomplete or different follow-up periods. Well-known methods to do this, such as the life table and age adjustment, exist for binary nonrecurrent events (i.e., death). Howeve


Reliability of self-reported human immunodeficiency virus risk behaviors in a residential drug treatment population.
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Apr 1;143(7):725-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96268496
De Irala J; Bigelow C; McCusker J; Hindin R; Zheng L; University of Massachusetts at Amherst, School of Public Health,; AIDS Research Unit, MA 01003, USA.
This study examined test-retest reliabilities of self-reported human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sexual and drug injection behaviors among 246 prior drug users admitted to either of two residential drug treatment programs in Westborough, Massachusetts, and Providence, Rhode Island, between June 1990 and September 199


Trends in human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence among injection drug users entering drug treatment centers, United States, 1988-1993.
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Apr 1;143(7):733-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96268497
Prevots DR; Allen DM; Lehman JS; Green TA; Petersen LR; Gwinn M; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers of Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
National unlinked sentinel surveillance data were used to describe trends in prevalent human immunodeficiency virus infection among injection drug users entering drug treatment programs in the United States from 1988 through 1993. During this 6-year period, unlinked testing was perform


Low molecular weight proteinuria in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
Am J Kidney Dis. 1996 Jun;27(6):803-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233952
Kabanda A; Vandercam B; Bernard A; Lauwerys R; van Ypersele de Strihou C; Nephrology Unit, Catholic University of Louvain, Medical School,; Brussels, Belgium.
To determine whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with incipient tubular or glomerular defects, we determined the urinary excretion of four low molecular weight proteins (LMWP); beta2-microglobulin (U-beta2-m), cystatin C (U-cyst C), Clara cell protein (U-CC16), and retinol-binding protei


Home HIV testing and conflicts with state HIV testing regulations.
Am J Law Med. 1995;21(4):419-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235424
Fabbri WO
Surfing the World Wide Web for AIDS information.
Am J Nurs. 1996 Jun;96(6):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96253096
Isolated despite negative sputum TB tests.
Am J Nurs. 1996 Jun;96(6):20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96253101
Petrec CA
Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 infection in an inner-city alcohol treatment program.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 Feb;20(1):75-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96235379
Schleifer SJ; Keller SE; LaFarge S; Dhaibar Y; Shiflett SC; Eckholdt HM; Department of Psychiatary, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School,; Newark 07103, USA.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection rate was examined in a selected cohort of healthy clients of an inner-city alcohol treatment center from 1990 through 1993. These subjects were also participating in a research protocol (n = 258) designed to assess immunity and HIV risk behaviors in inner city alcohol-d


Fludarabine phosphate: A DNA synthesis inhibitor with potent immunosuppressive activity and minimal clinical toxicity.
Am Surg. 1996 Jun;62(6):435-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213722
Goodman ER; Fiedor PS; Fein S; Athan E; Hardy MA; Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons,; Columbia University, New York, USA.
Fludarabine phosphate selectively eliminates normal and malignant mononuclear cells in large animals and man through the inhibition of DNA synthesis. The drug depletes mononuclear cells from culture within 24 hours of initial exposure, CD4 and CD8 T cells being more sensitive than either CD20 B cells or CD34 bone marr


Polymerase chain reaction in situ hybridization--opening Pandora's box? [editorial]
Ann Neurol. 1996 Jun;39(6):691-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96256486
Wiley CA
Localization of HIV-1 in human brain using polymerase chain reaction/in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry.
Ann Neurol. 1996 Jun;39(6):705-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96256489
Takahashi K; Wesselingh SL; Griffin DE; McArthur JC; Johnson RT; Glass JD; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-6953, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects the brains of a majority of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and has been linked to the development of a progressive dementia termed HIV-associated dementia. This disorder results in severe cognitive, b


Human immunodeficiency virus in brain and correlation with dementia [letter]
Ann Neurol. 1996 Jun;39(6):828-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96256510
Brew BJ
Primary cardiac lymphoma. No evidence for an etiologic association with Epstein-Barr virus.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1996 Jun;120(6):555-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96255581
Ito M; Nakagawa A; Tsuzuki T; Yokoi T; Yamashita Y; Asai J; Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.
OBJECTIVES--To report two cases of primary cardiac lymphoma, a rare extranodal lymphoma with an unknown pathogenesis, and to compare them to secondary B-cell cardiac lymphoma. DESIGN--Clinicopathologic features are described, using histologic and immunophenotypic examinations. The Epstein-Barr virus genome is detected


DNA on a chip.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1996 Jun;120(6):604-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96255591
Ross DW; Department of Pathology, Forsyth Memorial Hospital,; Winston-Salem, NC 27103, USA.
Thalidomide effective for oral ulcers. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701177
A National Institutes of Health (NIH) study found that thalidomide heals oral aphthous ulcers in HIV-positive people. Severe mouth ulcers were healed in 14 of 23 patients receiving thalidomide compared to 1 of 22 patients receiving placebo. Patients received 200 mg thalidomide per day for 4 weeks. During the second ma


Peptide T not effective for cognitive impairment. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701178
In a study conducted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), open-label peptide T, a synthetic compound of eight amino acids, was found to be ineffective for the treatment of cognitive impairment in HIV-positive participants. Half of the 215 patients received 6 mg of peptide T intranasally for 6 months, the other


Saquinavir with grapefruit juice. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701179
Bioavailability of the protease inhibitor, saquinavir, increases with consumption of grapefruit juice, according to a study of 12 HIV-negative people. Grapefruit juice inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4, a liver enzyme, which breaks down saquinavir. The effect was more pronounced when less water was used with the frozen gra


New study on viral load. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701180
A National Institutes of Health (NIH) study, CPCRA clinical trial 036, will measure the impact of changes in viral loads. The viral load test measures the amount of HIV RNA in the blood. Of the 1,100 participants, all will be monitored according to clinical symptoms and CD4 counts, and half will also have branched DNA


CMV news. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701181
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved oral ganciclovir as the first preventive treatment for cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) in people with advanced stages of AIDS. CMV and its most common ma


Three-drug combos. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701182
The Inter-Company Collaboration for AIDS Drug Development, a consortium of sixteen pharmaceutical companies, is conducting a one-year study. It will compare the use of AZT /ddI/ 3TC to


First effective drug for dry mouth. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701183
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved oral pilocarpine (Salagen) for the treatment of dry mouth in patients receiving radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. There are possible drug interactions with the beta blockers that are often used by cardiac patients. Other side e


Promising treatment for folliculitis. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701184
Isotretinoin, an oral vitamin A derivative, produced positive results in seven patients suffering from HIV-related eosinophilic folliculitis, itchy bumps around inflamed hair roots. All 7 had some relief from their symptoms after 2 weeks of treatment. Four had complete remission after only one course of treatment. Fur


TB news. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701185
Tuberculosis (TB) requires several different treatment drugs, making daily treatment difficult to maintain. A study of 23 HIV-positive TB patients and 22 HIV-negative TB patients found twice-weekly therapy to be effective. The patients received either daily therapy or therapy three times per week. The therapy consiste


Combining d4T/ddI looks promising. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701186
Early results of a Bristol-Myers Squibb study combining the drugs d4T and ddI show a decrease in viral load after one year of treatment. Dosages for the 90 participants were 10, 20, or 40 mg of d4T, and 100 or 200 mg o


Dapsone not affected by chewable ddI. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701187
Dapsone, a treatment used for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), is ineffective when taken in conjunction with ddI. A study of the chewable form of ddI showed no significant decrease in the blood level of dapsone taken together with ddI. Researchers are searching for another reason why dapsone fails to prevent PCP


FDA looks at full approval for d4T. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701188
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) recommended full approval for d4T ( Zerit ). Accelerated approval was granted in June 1994 when the antiretrovir


New studies on testosterone and wasting. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701189
Johns Hopkins University is conducting two studies on the effectiveness of testosterone for AIDS-related wasting syndrome in men. In one study, the male hormone or a placebo will be injected into HIV-positive men. In another study, participants will receive testosterone through a skin patch placed on the scrotum.


Fewer brain lesions with AZT. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701190
An eleven-year Norwegian autopsy study found fewer brain lesions in people who died of AIDS complications who had used AZT until death. Previous studies contradict this result. The Norwegian researchers believe that the inclusion of data prior to AZT


Deja vu. A moving experience. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701191
Guasco R
The Federal government is suing a moving van company in Philadelphia for violating the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The company, Bekins Van Lines, refused to move Dr. Robert Rosenbaum after its employees saw Dr. Rosenbaum s neighbor and friend, David Churchill, in Dr. Rosenbaum s house. The movers believed t


Saquinavir gets accelerated approval. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701192
McGuire S
Hoffmann-La Roche received accelerated approval from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) for its protease inhibitor, saquinavir ( Invirase ), when used in combination with nucleoside analogues. This is the


3TC approval may revive AZT's appeal. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701193
Vazquez E
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved 3TC ( Epivir ), a nucleoside analogue, for use in combination with


Disturbing HIV stats for young men. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701194
Vazquez E
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) concluded that in 1993, the people at the highest risk for contracting HIV were between the ages of 27 and 39 years. The CDC reports 40,000 new infections a year and 40,000 deaths a year, for a total of 501,310 cases of AIDS and 311,381 related deaths since 1981. Fr


ICAAC: what else is new? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701195
Prescott LM
Three HIV-related topics were discussed at the 1995 Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 1) Protease inhibitors given in high doses are able to delay resistance, even when given as monotherapy. Combination therapies are more successful than monotherapies, and triple combinations are more e


ICAAC news briefs. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701196
McGuire S
Study results reported at the 1995 Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy are presented. Factors which predispose an individual to certain opportunistic infections should be studied in order to prevent and treat them. Treatment choices should be made carefully because of HIV s high rate of re


HIV-positive women and their care. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):13-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701197
Squires K; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL.
The medical care of HIV-positive women needs to be considered. After initial evaluation, HIV-positive women need to have a genealogical evaluation to determine if any conditions are present which may be difficult to treat or may have a more accelerated course. Pap smears should be done again after 6 months and then ye


Early intervention and prevention options. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):16-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701198
In July 1993, the United States Public Health Service and the Infectious Disease Society of America gave a set of recommendations for early intervention and prevention of opportunistic infections in HIV-positive people. These guidelines follow CD4 counts. According to the guidelines, C


No tease this time--pros and cons of a long-awaited anti-HIV drug. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):18-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701199
Chang HE; Kraus Medical Partners, Los Angeles, CA.
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved the first protease inhibitor, saquinavir, for combination treatment with approved nucleoside analogs in adults with advanced HIV. However, it denied the use of saquinavir as a monotherapy. Protease inhibitors prevent infected cells from


Don't just sit there. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Jan/Feb;7(1):23-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701201
Vazquez E
Exercise is important for HIV-positive people, but what type of exercise to use is still under debate in the scientific community. Scientific studies found that aerobic exercise increases CD4 counts. Scientists recommend aerobics at any stage of HIV infection. Start at an easy intensity level and do not disrupt the ro


Merck protease inhibitor: more news from Retroviruses Conference. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Feb 16;(no 241):1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701251
James JS
Several reports on indinavir studies were delivered at the 1996 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Indinavir s effect on viral load when combined with AZT ,


d4T plus ddI antiviral results. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Feb 16;(no 241):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701252
Ninety-two volunteers participated in a d4T plus ddI study, with randomization to one of five different dose combination arms. All participants received some of each drug, but since the trial is ongoing, assignments are still blinded, so dose-response


Growing crisis in paying for care. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Feb 16;(no 241):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701253
James JS
The cost of AIDS treatment and monitoring is a central issue for patients. As more drugs are used simultaneously and protease inhibitors , which are more expensive than existing drugs, become available, treatment costs are increasing to an estimated $12,000 to $18,00


AB 9: California bill would end county mandate for last-resort care, including communicable diseases. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Feb 16;(no 241):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701254
The California Assembly passed a bill to end the current requirement that counties provide general assistance and medical care as last resort care to persons who do not have access to Medi-Cal or private insurance. There is concern that all counties will close the facilities and reduce or eliminate last resort care, l


Curcumin: clinical trial finds no antiviral effect. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 1;(no 242):1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701255
James JS
A New England clinical trial examined curcumin and its effectiveness as an antiviral agent in 40 participants. Viral load tests, including baseline testing, were conducted in the fourth and eighth weeks, following high- and low-dose regimens. The study found no evidence that curcumin reduced viral load or increased CD


Protease inhibitor approvals: will people be cut off drug? Followup studies proposal needs support. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 1;(no 242):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701256
James JS
The PWA Health Group, an AIDS buyers club, is asking the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) to require Merck and Abbott to obtain long-term follow-up data of their drugs, indinavir and


Rolipram: antidepressant used in Europe and Japan might have promise against TNF, HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 1;(no 242):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701257
Smith D
Rolipram, used in Europe and Japan as an antidepressant and potent inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), may not go to clinical trials because of lack of interest by the companies who control the drug rights. Rolipram, considered a safe drug, is believed to be much more powerful


Study finds AIDS patients live longer when their doctors have more experience treating HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 1;(no 242):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701258
James JS
Physicians experience in treating HIV was found to be a factor in survival differences in 403 men with AIDS in a study of a home maintenance organization (HMO). Patients seeing experienced physicians tended to have a 31 percent lower risk of death compared to patients seeing less experienced physicians. These results


Protease inhibitors at Retroviruses Conference: Agouron's results. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 1;(no 242):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701259
James JS
Agouron s protease inhibitor nelfinavir, still in its early development stage, reduces HIV viral load by about 98 percent after 4 weeks, and increases patients CD4 counts. Agouron also reports that nelfinavir plus d4T has greater than 99 percent aver


DHEA: threat to access? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 1;(no 242):6-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701260
Kingston T
DHEA, one of the most popular potential treatments sold by HIV buyers clubs, may be banned in the United States . DHEA advocates are particularly worried about a new government regulation that would classify DHEA as a Schedule III drug. However, contact with the Food and Drug Administr


Potent new AIDS drugs underscore promise of combination therapy. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Jan;11(1):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701290
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved lamivudine ( 3TC ) for use in combination with AZT in the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS. Addition


CDC to revisit AZT, post-exposure guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Jan;11(1):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701291
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) plans to update its guidelines on management of occupational exposure to HIV and will reopen the issue of using AZT as prophylaxis. Increasing evidence shows that workers occupationally exposed to H


'Gross underestimation' of occupational HIV infection. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Jan;11(1):5-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701292
Many health care workers say that the true number of occupational HIV seroconversions is greatly underreported, but Federal officials claim there is no way to obtain more accurate figures. Patricia Fleming, chief of the reporting and analysis division of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention s (CDC s) surveil


HIV-infected worker settles device lawsuit. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Jan;11(1):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701293
An anesthesia technician won a $615,000 lawsuit against Becton Dickinson and Company because the company s unshielded catheter was implicated by the technician in an occupational transmission of HIV. The out-of-court settlement was made public despite Becton Dickinson s attempts to conceal the decision.


Research sheds light on lymph node mystery. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Jan;11(1):11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701294
Researchers explain why so much HIV is found in the lymph nodes. The follicular dendritic cells act like flypaper to HIV and other pathogens. Once attracted, HIV is able to ambush critical immune cells, even in the presence of a vast excess of neutralizing antibodies. In the absence of follicular dendritic cells, simi


FDA approves KS drug. Food and Drug Administration. Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitation Services. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Jan;11(1):11-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701295
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved injectable doxorubicin HCl liposome ( DOXIL ) for treatment of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in AIDS patients. DOXIL s major benefit is that its reported circulating half-life is fifty hours, compa


Companionship outweighs disease risk from pets. Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Jan;11(1):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701296
Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, Talla; hassee, FL.
Veterinarians and health experts agree that pet companionship benefits outweigh the threat of disease risk to AIDS patients. Experts say AIDS cannot be caught from cats or mosquitoes, but some invisible worms in pets can cause human problems, such as rashes. Besides de-worming pets, other precautionary measures for pe


CDC wants more input before updating post-exposure guidelines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Feb;11(2):13-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701297
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) will gather health experts for a meeting this spring to consider whether to recommend the use of zidovudine for health care workers exposed to HIV. A case-control study, published recently in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, showed that the drug, used in a


Clinicians experiment with post-exposure drug pairs. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Feb;11(2):16-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701298
A new protocol for post-exposure prophylaxis teams AZT and 3TC against HIV. Studies show a synergistic effect of this combination and few significant side effects in HIV-positive pati


Universal precaution use boosted by proper training. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Feb;11(2):17-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701299
Health care workers who are identified as risk takers tend to ignore universal precautions against HIV exposure. Through education and support from peers, they can reduce risky behavior. A study shows that nurses tend to be more cautious than physicians. Employees who work more than fifty hours per week report lower c


Peer counselors key for hardest-to-reach groups? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Feb;11(2):19-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701300
Three cities report their success in reaching hard-to-reach groups who are at risk for HIV: injecting-drug users (IDUs) not undergoing treatment, men who have sex with men but do not consider themselves gay or bisexual, and female sex workers. How each city bridged the gap from mainstream society to each target group,


New treatment for KS offers options for therapy. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Feb;11(2):21-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701302
Researchers are still divided as to whether Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), the most common HIV infection complication, is a true cancer or a skin disease resulting from an unknown infectious agent. A comparative trial for KS treatments indicates that Doxil may be more effective than the current standard of care for widespread


HIV rate in CA prisons higher than in community. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Feb;11(2):23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701303
Health officials in California have found that the HIV rate among the state s prison population has remained relatively stable since 1988. The most recent figures, which were gathered during a massive communicable disease screening of 118,000 inmates and employees of the state correctional system, indicate that 2.5 pe


Knowing facts about KS is good preventive medicine. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Feb;11(2):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701304
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is still one of the more mysterious AIDS-related opportunistic infections. An estimated 75,000 HIV-positive people in the U.S. will be diagnosed with KS in 1996, although the incidence of KS is declining. The decrease is speculated to be due to increased condom use (KS DNA has been found in semen


Budget, Ryan White impasse create havoc for AIDS program administrators. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):25-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701305
Budgetary problems have decreased funding for the Ryan White CARE Act, jeopardizing AIDS servicing and program planning efforts in the cities and states. A reauthorization of the CARE Act is not expected until after the budget crisis is resolved. A new allocation formula will allow more money to be given to smaller ci


Council calls for guidance on spermicide use. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):27-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701306
Evidence of the increasing prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), particularly in females, is causing concern that it may fuel the spread of HIV. New microbicides are being investigated, focusing on the spermicide N-9. However, there have been conflicting efficacy findings, particularly concerning its eff


Contraceptives' role in HIV transmission is examined. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):30-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701307
The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) in Bethesda, MD, is conducting a study on how various contraceptives affect HIV transmission. Diaphragms and cervical caps are effective contraceptive shields, but are less reliable against pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases than the male co


NICHD researches women's attitudes, behavior. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701308
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) reports study results on women s attitudes and behavior that impact HIV transmission. Among the findings are the following: low-income women put bearing and raising children, not cultivating relationships with their partners or the communities, as their top priorities; black wom


Protease inhibitors shine in triple combinations. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):31-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701309
Ritonavir , a protease inhibitor, demonstrated strong antiviral activity when combined with AZT and ddC at dosage le


Combination therapy improves CMV treatment. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):32-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701310
A new study reveals that the two-drug combination of foscarnet and ganciclovir has synergistic activity against CMV and can control the opportunistic infection twice as long as monotherapy. However, increased cost and decreased quality of life may affect decisio


Experts blast Shalala on needle exchange remarks. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):33-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701311
Thirty researchers of needle exchange programs (NEPs) signed a letter protesting Donna Shalala s recent comments that researchers were divided over NEPs. Six federally-funded reviews show that NEPs lowered HIV transmission rates and did not increase drug use. Four of the reviews, including those performed by the Cente


TB screening pays off for indigent AIDS patients. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701312
A recent New York City study shows regular TB screening of AIDS patients living in congregate settings is cost-effective. The study shows that chest radiography, backed by a positive skin test, is not a wholly reliable way to identify TB cases among AIDS patients, and it is costly. The least expensive and most cost-ef


Study: HIV increases miscarriage. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701313
A study of 125 pregnant women reveals that HIV infection predisposes women to spontaneous abortion during the first trimester. HIV-positive women are three times more likely to miscarry compared to healthy mothers. The study indicates that HIV targets the thymus gland, disturbing the immune system in the fetuses.


Detecting CMV retinitis: know what to look for. University of Illinois at Chicago Eye Center. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Mar;11(3):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701314
University of Illinois, Chicago Eye Center, Chicago, IL.
Approximately one-third of all AIDS patients develop cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis. Symptoms begin with blurred vision, loss of peripheral vision, and dark spots in the eye that obstruct vision. HIV-infected persons with CD


Palliative care and HIV, part II: systemic manifestations and late-stage issues. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Clin Care. 1996 Apr;8(4):27-30, 33, 36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701323
Reiter GS; Kudler NR; River Valley HIV Clinic, Holyoke, MA.
The last stages of HIV infection are marked by increasing pain, gastrointestinal discomfort, and depression. These conditions should be treated aggressively with restorative and prophylactic therapies. Patients who are bedridden or are suffering from an inflammatory or infiltrative process may suffer from somatic or v


Viral load testing. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Clin Care. 1996 Apr;8(4):31-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701324
Sax P; Flory J; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Determining the amount of virus in the blood, referred to as viral load, of an HIV-positive patient provides useful information on the progress of the disease. Viral load is determined by measuring HIV RNA or DNA using a test called polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Higher levels of virus indicate increasing risk of di


Judge bars employer from demanding prescription records. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):1, 10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701325
U.S. District Judge Clarence A. Brimmer ruled that the Cheyenne Mountain Conference Resort in Colorado Springs, CO, violated the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The resort forces employees to reveal their prescription drug records as a condition of employment. The ADA prohibits an employer s identification of a


Man with AIDS is awarded $1 million for abuse in jail. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):1, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701326
Pedro Sosa, arrested for public intoxication, successfully sued the Jefferson County Department of Corrections and three prison guards. A Federal jury awarded Sosa $1,180,000 for the abuse and mistreatment he endured during an overnight stay in the county jail. Sosa, who is living with AIDS, was never given a sobriety


Plasma donor's HIV went undetected in repeated tests. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701327
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducted a test to detect the p24 antigen in the blood of a frequent plasma donor. This test, now considered more reliable than the standard HIV-antibody test, showed traces of the virus in the blood of a Utah man who had tested negative following his wife s diagno


Surgeon faces claim that he refused to treat patient. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701328
U.S. District Judge James F. McClure, Jr., refused to dismiss a lawsuit filed by an HIV-positive hospital patient, Jeffrey Sharrow. Sharrow claims a surgeon refused to treat him unless special protective suits were obtained. Dr. John H. Bailey, Jr., of the Williamsport (PA) Hospital and Medical Center, would not opera


Report says more AIDS education needed for youth. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701329
A report issued by the Office of National AIDS Policy, the National AIDS Fund, and Until There s a Cure Foundation, calls for increased and improved AIDS education for young Americans. President Clinton asked for the report after learning that half of the Americans annually infected with HIV are under the age of 25. T


Supreme Court refuses to hear appeal of 'hot and sexy' program. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701330
The U.S. Supreme Court refused to consider an appeal of a lower court s decision regarding a school-based safer-sex education program. Parents and students from the Chelmsord High School in Falmouth, MA, claim that the Hot, Sexy, and Safer AIDS awareness program violated religious beliefs and was humiliating and intim


Congress nears final action on fiscal 1996 funding. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701331
Congress and the Clinton administration are negotiating a continuing resolution to keep Federal AIDS programs funded and in operation through the remainder of the 1996 fiscal year. The House of Representatives approved a bill that includes $52 million in emergency appropriations for the AIDS Drug Assistance Program. T


Court voids jury award in blood transfusion case. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701332
In 1994, a jury awarded $500,000 to Albert D. Sargeant, who claimed that the New York Infirmary-Beekman Downtown Hospital caused him emotional distress as a result of a plasma transfusion conducted against his will. Sargeant, a Jehovah s Witness, charged that the hospital violated religious doctrine that prohibits blo


Public responsibility and home tests for HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701333
Hearst A; Heffner J; Smith College, Northampton, MA.
This essay presents the authors perspective on home test kits for HIV/AIDS diagnosis. The approval and introduction of a private option for initial diagnosis threatens to lessen and/or displace public efforts to diagnose and treat HIV/AIDS. Individual diagnoses should not be a substitute for a concerted public effort


Employer to face charge that she fanned AIDS rumor. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701334
The Mississippi Supreme Court ruled that Myrtle Powers, director of the Holmes County Welfare Department, can be sued individually for spreading rumors that one of her employees, Sandra A. Beverly, has AIDS. Beverly sued Powers and the State Department of Human Services for slander. A county circuit court initially di


Assisted suicide. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701335
The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that mentally competent, terminally ill adults have a constitutional right to seek a physician s assistance in hastening death. Judge Stephen Reinhardt wrote for the court s majority decision that struck down a Washington state law prohibiting assisted suicide. The case was


Reporting HIV cases. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701336
The California Medical Association is no longer pushing for legislation requiring mandatory reporting of HIV-positive people. The association determined that mandatory HIV reporting to health officials might deter patients at risk of HIV infection from obtaining tests. More than 86 percent of individuals surveyed at H


Needle exchange. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701337
The New Jersey Advisory Council on AIDS recommended that the state drop legal barriers to needle-exchange programs and allow the sale of over-the-counter syringes at pharmacies. David Troast, chair of Governor Christine Todd Whitman s Advisory Council, was initially opposed to legalized needle exchange programs. Howev


Drug policies. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 22;11(5):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701338
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) issued a statement calling for the reevaluation of policies that impede needle-exchange programs and the medical use of marijuana. This statement followed the appointment of U.S. Army General Barry R. McCaffrey to the position of national drug czar. The ACLU fears this appoint


Court upholds man's conviction for attempted murder. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):1, 4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701339
A three-judge panel of the Oregon Court of Appeals upheld the jury conviction of Timothy Alan Hinkhouse. Mr. Hinkhouse was found guilty of ten counts of attempted murder and attempted assault for engaging in unprotected sex with the knowledge that he is HIV-positive. The Appeals Court panel found that there was ample


Landmark medical advances create new policy challenges. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):1, 7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701340
HIV/AIDS policy makers are encouraged by the medical advances and treatment availability of HIV therapies. This is bringing economic issues to the forefront. Questions regarding drug payment, affordability, availability, and efficacy were considered during the Eighth Annual National AIDS Conference in San Francisco, C


Supreme Court says suit against insurer can continue. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701341
The Oregon Supreme Court is allowing the estate of Ronald Shaw, a restaurant worker, to seek damages against an insurance company that refused to cover his employer when it was determined that Shaw had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, an AIDS-defining condition. Shaw s lawsuit charges that the PAAC Health Plan Inc. den


Hospital must notify patient if it suspects HIV infection. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701342
A Texas Court of Appeals ruled that Linda Balderas Garcia can seek a trial against Santa Rosa Health Care Corporation. Garcia claims that the hospital failed to warn her late ex-husband, Adalberto Balderas, that he had probably contracted HIV through a blood-clotting product. A trial judge granted summary judgement in


Auto thief ordered to get written consent before having sex. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701343
Thomas Paul McDevitt, a car thief, was ordered to get prospective sex partners to sign a consent form before engaging in intercourse. The consent statement was drafted by a Texas State District judge after it was determined that McDevitt was HIV-positive. Gay rights advocates have criticized the judge s action, noting


Legal clock begins tolling at plaintiff's suspicion of harm. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701344
According to an Iowa U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, a patient, known as John Doe, cannot recover damages against a blood bank that supplied him with an HIV-contaminated transfusion. Doe sued in May 1992, 2 years and 8 days after learning that he was HIV-positive, but 6 years following the blood transfusion. The Americ


Judge allows inmate to press his ADA claim. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701345
U.S. District Judge K. Michael Moore refused to dismiss an Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) complaint filed by a Florida prison inmate. Inmate Johnnie Dean claims that he was denied trustee status in prison because he is HIV-positive. Dean s suit claims that the jail s actions violated Title II of the ADA. The ju


Barnes quits AIDS Action; Freeman leaves NAPWA. National Association of People with AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701346
Important personnel changes at the AIDS Action Council (AAC) and the National Association of People With AIDS (NAPWA) are noted. Mark Barnes, former chair and executive director of the AAC has resigned, and William J. Freeman, executive director of NAPWA, left his post after a 5-year tenure. Barnes co-founded Columbia


A primer on AIDS drugs. AIDS Treatment Data Network. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701347
AIDS Treatment Data Network, New York, NY.
There are eight pharmaceutical AIDS therapies for people living with AIDS. The available nucleoside analogs are AZT , ddI, ddC ,


Fleming voices support for needle-exchange programs...and other highlights from the AIDS Update Conference. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701348
Legalization of needle exchange programs has not been approved by the Clinton Administration, but national AIDS policy coordinator Patricia Fleming announced that she supports these programs as a means of preventing infection among intravenous drug users (IDUs). During a roundtable discussion with members of the Presi


HIV in the military. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701349
A stopgap spending bill that would repeal a recently enacted provision discharging members of the armed services who test positive for HIV was approved in the Senate. The provision, inserted into the bill by Rep. Robert K. Dornan (R-CA), was part of a $256 defense authorization bill that forces the Pentagon to dischar


Oral sex. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 5;11(6):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701350
The Gay and Lesbian Medical Association urges HIV prevention specialists to regard male-to-male oral-genital sex as a low-risk activity and concentrate instead on the danger of unprotected anal intercourse. According to the association, the confusion and mixed messages surrounding oral sex are harming efforts to encou


State is not liable for publishing names of two people with HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):1, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701351
Two HIV-positive persons who participated at HIV prevention workshops sued the New York Department of Education for listing their full names in the HIV prevention curriculum. John Doe and Jane Roe contended that the Education Department never sought written permission to include their names among the contributors who


Court voids $275,000 award because plaintiff died on appeal. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):1, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701352
The California Court of Appeals denied the family of a deceased man from pursuing emotional distress damages because the plaintiff died before the appeal process was completed. Joseph A. Sullivan, a former Delta Air Lines employee, sued the company for a variety of violations, including breach of confidentiality and u


Will invalid because beneficiary prepared the document. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701353
The mother of a man who died of AIDS-related complications successfully challenged the validity of her son s will. An Alabama appeals court refused to allow the will of Kenneth Smith to stand, citing that his partner and beneficiary, Hezekiah Jackson IV, exercised undue influence over Smith s decisions. Less than 1 ye


Legal aid programs to lose Federal funds Sept. 30. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701354
Effective September 30, 1996, the Health Resource Services Administration will discontinue the award of Ryan White CARE Act funds to the Special Projects of National Significance (SPIN). SPIN funding enabled legal service agencies in Indiana and Michigan to litigate on behalf of people who had lost their jobs, were de


Chicago ends demand that job seekers reveal HIV status. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701355
The Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund challenged the Chicago Board of Education to revise its policy requiring prospective teachers to disclose their medical condition, including their HIV status. HIV-positive teachers must submit a form detailing their current CD4 cell count, history of opportunistic infections


Alcohol crisis center prevails in HIV discrimination complaint. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701356
The Supreme Court s Appellate Division, Fourth Department overturned a determination made by the New York State Commissioner of Human Rights. Initially, the Commissioner found that staff at the Rescue Mission Alliance s Lydia Center in Syracuse, NY, discriminated against a prospective patient when they refused to admi


A second Federal Court rejects ban on assisted suicide. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701357
The Second U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals overturned a state law that makes physician-assisted suicide illegal in New York, Connecticut, Vermont, and Puerto Rico . The ruling is much narrower than the Ninth Circuit Court s decision, which struck down a Washington state law bannin


Illegal HIV test costs municipal police $67,000 in legal bills. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701358
A Federal jury in Philadelphia, PA, awarded $3,100 in damages and $67,221 in legal fees and expenses to a suspected car thief who was illegally tested for HIV. The jury ruled that Peter Walker s constitutional rights were violated when police obtained a warrant to determine Walker s HIV status. The jury concluded that


HIV-positive prison inmate loses bid for early release. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701359
A suit brought by New York State prison inmate, Steven Jerrell, was dismissed in the U.S. District Court. Jerrell, who is HIV-positive, failed to show that his constitutional rights were denied when state officials rejected his application for early release. Judge Charles Sifton stated that officials did not violate J


It's round two for attempt to repeal ban on HIV in military. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701360
A measure that would repeal a law requiring U.S. Department of Defense officials to discharge HIV-positive members from the armed forces is expected to reach the Senate in the spring of 1996. The expulsion provision was inserted into a Defense Department authorization bill and signed into law by President Clinton in F


Court rejects soldier's claim that he contracted HIV in Army. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701361
An ex-soldier, known in the court as Z.B., claimed that he was entitled to veteran s medical and psychiatric benefits because he contracted HIV while in the Army. Both the Board of Veterans Appeals and the Court of Veterans Appeals rejected Z.B. s claim that he contracted HIV while in the Army. Z.B. s medical records


Clinton calls for 3 percent boost in Federal AIDS programs. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701362
President Bill Clinton s fiscal 1997 budget includes a 3 percent increase in Federal funding for AIDS research, prevention, treatment, and care programs. Total discretionary spending on AIDS would approach $3 billion. Federal programs that will benefit include the Ryan White CARE Act, research conducted at the Nationa


Lawsuit filed. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701363
Social service providers at a Boston center for Haitian immigrants filed a suit in a U.S. District Court against the Federal government. The suit claims that auditors from the Inspector General s Office in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services demanded the names of clients with AIDS. The auditors explained


Viatical standards. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Apr 19;11(7):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701364
Activists representing national and regional AIDS organizations are working with American Life Resources, a leading viatical settlement company, to develop a code of community-based standards. On the list of priorities are rules for confidentiality, payment guarantees, and disclosure of the seller s financial options.


Indinavir (Crixivan), Merck protease inhibitor, approved. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 15;(no 243):1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701365
James JS
Merck s protease inhibitor, indinavir , has received Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approval, and is being made available under a temporary distribution system through Stadtlander s Pharmacy. Indinavir s price is s


Ritonavir, Abbott protease inhibitor, approved. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 15;(no 243):2-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701366
Abbott Laboratories protease inhibitor, ritonavir, received Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approval in record time, and was available in pharmacies within a week of approval. Ritonavir is the only protease inhibi


Human growth hormone not recommended for approval on narrow advisory panel vote. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 15;(no 243):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701367
James JS
The Food and Drug Administration s (FDA s) Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee voted not to approve Serostim for AIDS-related wasting syndrome. Serostim is Serono Laboratories recombinant human growth hormone. Committee members were concerned with the high required dosage, which has led to irreversi


Consensus statement on the further development of protease inhibitors and human growth hormone. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Mar 15;(no 243):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701368
More than 30 prominent AIDS organizations issued a consensus statement on the development of protease inhibitors and human growth hormone. The statement includes an appeal for Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approval of


Protease inhibitors: patient education critical. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Apr 5;(no 244):1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701369
James JS
Educating patients who use protease inhibitors is essential. Both indinavir ( Crixivan ) and


Indinavir (Crixivan) access and distribution. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Apr 5;(no 244):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701370
James JS
Merck s indinavir ( Crixivan ) will be available in limited supplies through the end of the year until the company s new production facilities open. Merck established a complex distribution system to ensure that patients who begin indinavir treatment wi


AIDS research at NIH: study panel issues major report. National Institutes of Health. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Apr 5;(no 244):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701371
James JS
An overall summary of AIDS research at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has been published. Report of the NIH AIDS Research Program Evaluation Working Group of the Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council is an evaluation of programs that constitute 85 percent of worldwide AIDS research. The evaluation s conclu


Viral load: inconclusive FDA hearing. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Apr 5;(no 244):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701372
James JS
Hoffmann-La Roche s viral load testing kit, Amplicor HIV Monitor, is expected to receive Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approval. However, it is likely that the approval will be for prognoses only, allowing managed care providers and health insurers to restrict payment to one or t


AZT, ddI, and ddC combinations at FDA advisory hearing. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Apr 5;(no 244):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701373
James JS
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee is questioning whether results of four clinical trials should change the standard use of AZT (Retrovir), especially in combination with ddI and


Cidofovir recommended for approval for CMV retinitis. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Apr 5;(no 244):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701374
James JS
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved cidofovir for treatment of CMV retinitis. Cidofovir, developed by Gilead Sciences , is administered intravenously at biweekly intervals, eliminat


San Francisco protest against meeting disruptions. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1995 Apr 5;(no 244):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701375
James JS
Twenty-five leading AIDS activists and organizations in San Francisco have published a letter asking ACT UP San Francisco to stop disrupting meetings. ACT UP San Francisco has targeted public forums to protest the pharmaceutical companies prolonged trials, claiming that it is unethical to use sick people to test the


California: AB 2812 would outlaw anonymous testing. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Treat News. 1996 Apr 5;(no 244):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701376
James JS
The California legislature is considering a bill (AB 2812) that would effectively end anonymous testing by requiring that HIV infection be reported to the State Board of Health. The result would be fewer people being tested and receiving early treatment. The bill is sponsored by Capitol Resources Institute, an extreme


Returning with AIDS: supporting rural emigrants. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Focus. 1996 Mar;11(4):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701388
Shernoff M; Hunter College, School of Social Work, New York, NY.
Most people living with AIDS in the rural United States are men who have sex with men, many of whom are returning from urban lives to their rural families. A survey of therapists who work with AIDS patients in seven cities reveals that 11 out of 12 therapists have treated gay men who r


Clearinghouse: rural AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Focus. 1996 Mar;11(4):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701389
A bibliography of materials focusing on AIDS in the rural community is presented. Two upcoming conferences are noted: the October 1996 HIV/AIDS Care and Prevention in Rural America, held in Jefferson City, MO; and training for rural AIDS case managers in California. Professional contacts in Milwaukee, WI, New York, NY


AIDS and the rural church. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Focus. 1996 Mar;11(4):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701390
Tartaglia A; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Traditional Christian concepts of sin inhibit the potential of religious congregations to respond to the needs of families affected by HIV disease. Typically, rural congregations experience fear, prejudice, and apathy, and often impose a moral response to HIV/AIDS. Clergy and health care professionals must work toward


Anabolic steroid available again. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Mar/Apr;7(2):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701423
Bio-Technology General Corp. announced that it is marketing a synthetic anabolic steroid, oxandrolone (Oxandrin), for the treatment of AIDS-related wasting. It is similar to testosterone, but can be taken orally and does not have the same masculinizing side effects. It is not metabolized solely by the liver, so it als


Nevirapine expanded access. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Mar/Apr;7(2):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701424
Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals is offering an expanded access program for its non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, nevirapine ( Viramune ). Criteria for inclusion are t


Volunteers needed for alternative study. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Mar/Apr;7(2):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701425
Bastyr University is seeking volunteers for a study of alternative treatments. Participants must be HIV-positive, and the study will compare results from their use of conventional or alternative treatments, or both.


Diagnosing and treating HIV dementia. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Mar/Apr;7(2):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701426
McArthur JC; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Many studies have shown that brain infections occur early in HIV infection, usually within weeks of seroconversion. Asymptomatic seropositive persons frequently show HIV in the brain and spinal fluid. The most common presenting symptoms are memory loss, walking difficulties, mental slowing, and depressive symptoms. In


Water, water everywhere...but how can you make sure it's safe to drink? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Mar/Apr;7(2):13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701427
Vazquez E
Cryptosporidium is an opportunistic parasitic infection causing diarrhea, headache, abdominal cramping, vomiting, low-grade fever and sometimes death. It caused illness in 400,000 people in Milwaukee in 1993, and one hundred people died, the majority of them were living with AIDS. Since then, the Centers for Disease C


Potential drug interacations. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Mar/Apr;7(2):14-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701428
Drugs commonly used to treat HIV and opportunistic infections frequently interact with other drugs. The interactions range from minor side effects to toxicity and serious metabolic problems. A chart showing the major categories of common drugs is included, with the potential interactions to be expected from both presc


Hospice living. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Mar/Apr;7(2):16-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701429
Vazquez E
The changing nature of hospice care is making it a more acceptable alternative for patients with late-stage AIDS. In the past, hospice was seen as a place people went to die, but that image is changing. Hospice is beginning to be seen as a support network for people who may or may not be treating their disease aggress


Was there a homerun in DC? Reports from a retrovirus conference generate real excitement. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Posit Aware. 1996 Mar/Apr;7(2):20-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701430
McGuire S
The Third Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections included a number of presentations on changing treatments for HIV disease, as well as reports on drugs gaining or nearing approval from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ). Among the significant findings are the foll


The growing debate over FDA reform. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Jan;10(1):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701438
Link D
Advocates for revamping the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) began a major public relations campaign shortly after the 1994 Republican takeover of Congress. FDA-regulated industries released reform proposals and AIDS activists are working with Congress to ensure FDA reform legislati


Finding a place for cidofovir. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Jan;10(1):5-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701439
Smart T
Gilead Sciences has requested approval for cidofovir as a therapy for CMV retinitis. It only needs to be infused weekly or biweekly compared to once or twice daily for current medications. Two company studies suggest cidofovir


New saquinavir formulation enters clinical trials. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Jan;10(1):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701440
Torres G
Hoffmann-La Roche launched a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to test a more promising formulation of saquinavir. The soft gelatin capsule is hoped to be more bioavailable than the hard gelatin capsule formulation. Other concomitant


Expanded access and expanded trials. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Jan;10(1):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701441
Smart T
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved a compassionate use program for Unimed Pharmaceutical s nitazoxanide. The compassionate use protocol is currently limited to 30 patients until additional safety data are obtained, at which time it will be expanded. Its purpose is to prov


The first integrase inhibitor. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Jan;10(1):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701442
Smart T
Clinical trials of an HIV integrase inhibitor, Aronex Pharmaceuticals AR-177, are in progress at San Francisco General Hospital. AR-177 appears to keep integrase, the HIV enzyme, from binding to newly processed DNA. The drug is an oligonucleotide, unique to other oligonucleotides in that AR-177 folds upon itself to f


Testosterone for wasting. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Jan;10(1):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701443
Unimed is starting a clinical trial for a rub-on testosterone gel for treating wasting associated with low testosterone levels. Two testosterone patches are already approved for hypogonadal wasting, but no data exist for their use in AIDS patients.


A more practical therapy for low platelets. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Jan;10(1):9-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701444
Torres G
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved WinRho as a new treatment for ITP or thrombocytopenic purpura (low blood platelet count) in people with HIV. Current treatment options for ITP include AZT , corticosteroi


HIV suppressors found in cells. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Jan;10(1):10-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701445
Smart T
Dr. Jay Levy of the University of California San Francisco reports finding a cell antiviral factor (CAF), produced in CD8 cells, that inhibits the growth of the HIV virus. CAF s chemical identity is still elusive. Other scientists claim CAF is IL-16, a strong HIV inhibitor, while Robert Gallo s team points to three pr


Let there be drugs. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Feb;10(2):1, 13-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701446
Gilden D
The Third Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections discussed, in depth, a number of promising drug therapies on the horizon for HIV treatment. A new paradigm in treatment is to administer combinations of drugs in doses that are high enough to lower viral load counts for as long as feasible. Ideally, thi


Protease inhibitors come of age. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Feb;10(2):2-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701447
Smart T
Reports from the Third Conference on Retroviruses detailed extraordinary antiviral and clinical effects when protease inhibitors were used in combination with nucleoside analogs. These treatments will be considerably more effective than the anti-HIV therapies of the


Back to the nukes. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Feb;10(2):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701448
Smart T
Clinical and surrogate data presented at the Third Conference on Retroviruses show that nucleoside analogs will continue to be effective drugs for the treatment of HIV, even though the results from the protease inhibitors are more dramatic. Besides being extremely e


A surprisingly potent nucleoside analogue. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Feb;10(2):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701449
Torres G
Glaxo-Wellcome is developing a nucleoside analogue, 1529U89. The analogue shows potent in vitro activity against HIV, and initial tests of in-vivo efficacy are encouraging. The primary side effects of 1529U89 were nausea, headache, rash, and elevated liver function tests. Since the drug penetrates the central nervous


And also, adefovir dipovixil. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Feb;10(2):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701450
Smart T
Adefovir dipovixil (formerly bis-POM PMEA) is Gilead Science s experimental anti-HIV drug. It has a very long half-life within the body, which means that it only needs to be taken once a day. It shows broad-spectrum antiviral activity against hepatitis B and herpes viruses, especially


Curcumin trial finds no activity. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Feb;10(2):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701451
Gilden D; Smart T
A study by the Community Research Initiatives of New England (CRINE) shows no anti-HIV activity associated with curcumin, a popular herbal medication derived from the spice turmeric. This study contrasts an earlier one done by the Search Alliance of Los Angeles, which observed a reduction in viral load. CRINE attempte


Hydroxyurea continues to show promise. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Feb;10(2):9-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701452
Santiago L
Human trial data on hydroxyurea, presented at the Third Conference on Human Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, confirm the early positive impression that the drug made in earlier trials. Hydroxyurea and related compounds act by restricting cellular pathways by which new DNA nucleotides are made. These gene-cre


ADAP faces financial abyss. AIDS Drug Assistance Programs. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Feb;10(2):11-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701453
Link D
State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs) are the most heavily utilized AIDS programs in the nation, with over 50,000 people with HIV or AIDS enrolled. Initiated in 1987, the federally-funded programs are now running out of money because of increased caseloads and drug usage, higher drug costs, and more expensive co


Three days that shook the world. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Mar;10(3):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701454
Gilden D; Smart T
The Food and Drug Administration s ( FDA ) Drug Advisory Committee made significant changes to the way HIV infections are treated at its February 28 to March 1, 1996 meetings. As a result, AZT is no longer considered to


Getting your space on the magic crixi-van. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Mar;10(3):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701455
Gilden D
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved the use of indinavir , Merck s protease inhibitor, for treatment of HIV infection in adults. Because FDA approval was quicker than the manufacturer expected, there will b


Growth hormone cut down at the pass. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Mar;10(3):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701456
Gilden D
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) rejected Serono Laboratories human growth hormone for the treatment of AIDS wasting syndrome. Serono failed to present a compelling case, and its data and test design were widely criticized. AIDS wasting syndrome is defined as the involuntary lo


Pediatric treatment update. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Mar;10(3):7-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701457
Grubman S
The ACTG 152 study compared AZT monotherapy with ddI monotherapy in HIV-positive children, ranging in age from 3 months to 18 years. The Data Safety and Monitoring Board (DSMB) recommended that AZT monotherapy be discontinued based on survival and HIV


CMV: the other virus. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
GMHC Treat Issues. 1996 Mar;10(3):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701458
Smart T
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved the use of Gilead Sciences intravenous drug, cidofovir, for people with CMV retinitis. The FDA also granted final marketing approval for ganciclovir eye implants sold by Chiron Vi


Combination therapy advances. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Treat Rev. 1996 Apr;(no 21):2-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701459
A new class of drugs, protease inhibitors , has been shown to help prevent disease progression and death in people with low T4 cell counts. A combination treatment reduces the amount of HIV in the body, and also raises T4 cell counts even in people who are already ta


AZT and 3TC. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Treat Rev. 1996 Apr;(no 21):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701460
3TC can raise T4 counts and lower HIV levels, and its use may increase the effectiveness of AZT . Studies show that HIV levels decrease by more than 90 percent in people taking the 2 d


Saquinavir (Invirase). Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Treat Rev. 1996 Apr;(no 21):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701461
Saquinavir ( Invirase ) is the first protease inhibitor to gain Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approval for treatment of HIV. It works by blocking a part of the HIV called protease, causing HIV to make copies of itself that cannot infect new ce


Ritonavir (Norvir). Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Treat Rev. 1996 Apr;(no 21):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701462
Ritonavir ( Norvir ), a protease inhibitors , was approved for HIV treatment by the Food and Drug Administration (


Indinavir (Crixivan). Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Treat Rev. 1996 Apr;(no 21):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701463
Indinavir ( Crixivan ) is one of the protease inhibitors approved for HIV treatment by the Food and Drug Administration (


Viral load testing. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Treat Rev. 1996 Apr;(no 21):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701464
Currently, viral-load testing is still experimental, and while doctors can order tests, insurance companies may not be willing to pay for them. The two viral-load tests now available, the Hoffmann-La Roche PCR test and Chiron s bDNA test, are described in terms of how they measu


Ganciclovir implants (Vitrasert). Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Treat Rev. 1996 Apr;(no 21):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701465
Ganciclovir implants, used for treating CMV retinitis, are effective in stemming the progression of CMV in patients already diagnosed with the disease. The implants need to be replaced after 32 weeks to lessen the likelihood of relapse. Studies show ganciclovir


Protease inhibitors: no knockout blow, but could be the best punch yet. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Apr;11(4):37-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701466
Researchers are calling the two recently approved protease inhibitors the best news in AIDS treatment since AZT , but are cautioning against unrealistic expectations. Nucleoside analogue monotherapy


Hit hard early or delay? New drugs cloud options. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Apr;11(4):40-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701467
The development of protease inhibitors and new knowledge of the dynamics of HIV infection have prompted the call for early treatment, although researchers say more data is needed. Doctors are concerned, however, that people will develop resistance to the drugs. John


Cost a major concern with protease inhibitors. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Apr;11(4):41-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701468
Protease inhibitors are both powerful and safe treatments for HIV, but they are two or three times more expensive than the cost of zidovudine ( AZT ). The wholesale cost of saquinavir is $5,800 per year, and


Viral load out-performs CD4 in disease prediction. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Apr;11(4):42-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701469
Several studies confirm that viral load testing can accurately predict how quickly HIV-positive patients will progress to AIDS, although more clinical research is needed before clinicians can confidently use the test to determine the course of treatment. In a study presented at the Third Conference on Retroviruses and


Dental case raises transmission questions. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Apr;11(4):43-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701470
A jury trial in Springfield, MA, found a dentist guilty of negligent sterilization of equipment, but did not find enough evidence to convict him for infecting an HIV-negative patient with HIV. The suit was brought by James Sharpe against dentist Anthony Breglio. The case has been appealed by Sharpe s attorney, who cla


Review calls Avanti safe; expert questions validity. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Apr;11(4):45-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701471
A review of company studies of the Avanti polyurethane condom suggests that the condom slips and breaks less often or with the same frequency as latex condoms. Results of another study of the plastic condom, sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHHD), are expected later this spr


Drug effective against herpes. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Apr;11(4):48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701472
SmithKline Beecham won Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approval for a new drug to treat genital herpes in immunocompromised people. Famciclovir (trade name Famvir) was approved as a safe and effective genital herpes treatment in February 1996


What you need to know about protease inhibitors. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Alert. 1996 Apr;11(4):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701473
Ten years after zidovudine ( AZT ) was approved as a treatment for HIV, another class of drugs, protease inhibitors , is being marketed. Two protease inhibitors are already available, and a third is in


Optimism rises on combination therapy and protease inhibitor data. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Clin Care. 1996 Mar;8(3):19-20, 23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701474
Del Rio C; Hernandez-Tepichin GH; Consejo Nacional de Prevencion y Control del SIDA, Mexico City,; Mexico.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Infectious Diseases Society of America convened a third major conference for HIV/AIDS researchers in early 1996. The conference s theme was the demise of


Palliative care and HIV, part I: OIs and cancers. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Clin Care. 1996 Mar;8(3):21-2, 26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701475
Reiter GS; Kudler NR; River Valley HIV Clinic, Holyoke, MA.
A two-part report discusses palliative care for opportunistic infections and cancers of HIV-infected people, and addresses systemic manifestations. Guidelines are provided for determining when palliation with traditional methods is best achieved, and when continuation of restorative treatments is an appropriate pallia


Jury says dentist did not infect patient with HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):1, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701476
A Massachusetts jury decided that Dr. Anthony Breglio did not transmit HIV to dental patient James Sharpe, even though the dentist was negligent in the cleaning of his dental instruments. Sharpe claimed he contracted the virus from unsanitary dental equipment used by Dr. Breglio during a tooth extraction procedure. Du


Suit alleges police officer divulged waiter's HIV status. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):1, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701477
A waiter (John Doe) in a Kokomo, IN, restaurant filed suit against city police officer Robert Reynolds for disclosing Doe s HIV status to workers and customers and intentionally inflicting emotional distress. The city is also named in the suit for failing to properly train officers about HIV confidentiality. On severa


Gore offers to help drug companies pursue research. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701478
A meeting convened between Vice President Al Gore and executives of leading pharmaceutical companies to determine means of accelerating efforts to develop vaccines, therapeutics, and microbicides for people with HIV. Gore explained that the administration will work with pharmaceutical companies to determine the long-t


Trial ordered because hospital concealed patient's HIV status. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701479
A three-judge panel of a Tennessee appeals court refused to dismiss a lawsuit filed by Jerry Bain, a former patient in the New Beginnings alcohol and drug rehabilitation center. Bain sued for damages arising from intentional infliction of emotional distress and loss of consortium as a result of being housed in a room


Neighbors lost court battle to shut down group home. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701480
A Bernalillo County, NM, district judge ruled that a group home for people with AIDS violated housing covenants. The decision was overturned by the New Mexico Supreme Court, allowing the group home to operate in a residential neighborhood. Neighbors sued shortly after the Community of Damien of Molokai opened the grou


Judge orders Life Partners to suspend viatical business. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701481
Life Partners, Inc., a viatical settlement company, has been enjoined from selling new life insurance policies until it complies with Federal securities laws. U.S. District Judge Royce C. Lamberth stated that Life Partners did not comply with court orders to restructure its operations in such a way that its viatical s


Court grants courier a jury trial based on fear of AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701482
A medical courier who was exposed to blood from a leaking container will be granted a jury trial in Albuquerque, NM. Courier Sonia Madrid was splashed with blood and became alarmed because she had paper cuts on her hands. Repeated blood tests for HIV and hepatitis B were negative. A Bernallilo County judge initially d


Air Force court affirms assault conviction of major. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701483
The Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals upheld the conviction and sentencing of Major James T. Goldsmith, who had vaginal intercourse with two women without warning them that he was HIV-positive. Goldsmith was ordered not to engage in sexual intercourse unless he first informed his partner that he was infected. He was


Concern about catching HIV is at an all-time low, poll says. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701484
An ABC television news poll, released February 1, 1996, indicates that Americans concerns that they might personally contract HIV are at an all-time low. Coincidentally, the number of people reporting that they personally know of someone with AIDS or who has died from AIDS has grown to 39 percent. The survey followed


Legal clock starts at realization of harm, not AIDS diagnosis. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701485
The Oregon Supreme Court is allowing the wife of the late John Doe to sue the American Red Cross for giving Mr. Doe contaminated blood. The Supreme Court rejected a lower court s ruling that a 2-year statute of limitations begins upon AIDS diagnosis. In March 1985, John Doe received a blood transfusion. In 1987, he wa


Disclosure of HIV status may be appropriate, EEOC says. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701486
A policy letter issued by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) states that the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) allows employers to tell first-aid personnel that an injured employee has AIDS, but only if the disclosure is necessary to protect the worker s health. Such disclosures would be inappropri


Testing corpses. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701487
Iowa House of Representatives File 2060 would allow health care workers to have a corpse tested for HIV. This legislation would enable health care providers who are injured by a needle or scalpel to learn immediately whether or not a former patient was HIV-positive. HIV lives in the body only a short while after death


Must ask, must tell. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 Mar 8;11(4):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701488
The Minidoka County (ID) School District proposed a policy that would require employees and students to divulge their HIV status. Officials and potential job applicants could be screened for HIV. If strong privacy protection clauses are added, the policy may be adopted. The Idaho chapter of the American Civil Libertie


Cytomegalovirus resistance. Public health implications of CMV prophylaxis and treatment in the HIV patient population. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AMFAR Rep. 1996 Apr;:1-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701511
Frost KR
The treatment and prevention of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) in HIV-positive patients is a critical issue. CMV, a type of herpes virus, is transmitted by kissing, sexual intercourse, and blood transfusion. In people with healthy imm


Negotiating sex: skills from the world of the sexually different. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Focus. 1996 Apr;11(5):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701517
Baldwin G
People who practice non-normative sexual behaviors frequently negotiate powerfully and effectively with potential partners. They recognize that there are physical and emotional risks inherent in their preferred sexual behaviors, and minimize those risks by initially specifying what is and is not acceptable. The use of


Clearinghouse: negotiating sex. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Focus. 1996 Apr;11(5):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701518
A bibliography of materials on negotiating sex includes materials on safer sex practices for those participating in sadistic or masochistic behavior or other non-normative sexual practices. Emphasis is on negotiating safe practices and avoiding coercive or manipulative situations.


Harm reduction, drug use, and sexual negotiation. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Focus. 1996 Apr;11(5):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701519
Bigg D; Chicago Recovery Alliance, Chicago, IL.
Sexual educators have emphasized the need to separate drug use and sexual behavior, believing that the use of drugs leads to riskier behavior. However, for some of those practicing risky sex, drug or alcohol use is required to reduce inhibitions and make such sexual relationships possible. In assessing the risks, the


New products? What new products? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Notes Undergr. 1996 Apr;(no 32):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701520
Young A
The New Products Committee of the PWA Health Group examined several products to determine whether the products should be made available through their buyers club. Cat s Claw is popular because of the anecdotal data that it is a strong antiviral, antioxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory substance. However, the ma


Protease inhibitors-at-a-glance. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Notes Undergr. 1996 Apr;(no 32):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701521
This matrix compares the use and characteristics of three protease inhibitors : indinavir ( Crixivan ),


Hold the big MAC. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Notes Undergr. 1996 Apr;(no 32):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701522
Young A
The Retrovirus Conference provided information on two studies that examine the prevention of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). People with an active infection run fevers, lose weight, and have no appetite. Rifabutin is currently the only drug with Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) a


Protease uninhibited. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
Notes Undergr. 1996 Apr;(no 32):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701523
Three protease inhibitors , indinavir , ritonavir , and saquinavir, will be available commercially in April 1996. HIV-positive patien


Survey finds broad support for AIDS education in schools. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):1, 10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701524
The Kaiser Family Foundation commissioned a survey to determine societal attitudes toward school-based HIV/AIDS education and prevention, needle exchange programs, and other HIV/AIDS-related issues. The survey also examined how much Americans know about HIV disease and how they feel about AIDS. The survey found widesp


Court says insurer needn't pay for town's illegal discrimination. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):1, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701525
Reliance Insurance Company is not legally obligated to indemnify the town of Waterford, NY, under its errors and omissions policy. Waterford officials tried unsuccessfully to block the Support Ministries for Persons with AIDS from converting a structure into a 15-bed group home for people with AIDS. A Federal judge ru


Court to read 'adverse inference' into destruction of evidence. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701526
A Federal magistrate ruled that the Walter Reed Army Medical Center conducted a lookback investigation without considering the relevance of the evidence. Letha Rice received a transfusion during surgery at the Center, and the blood was subsequently found to be HIV-positive. The Center used the last beads of blood take


Drug companies propose $640 million claims settlement. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701527
Four pharmaceutical companies have presented a $640 million offer to settle legal claims filed by Americans with hemophilia who contracted HIV through blood-clotting products. Corey Dubin, chief negotiator for infected hemophiliacs and head of the Committee of Ten Thousand, acknowledges that while the offer is substan


Governor kills plan to give hemophiliacs more time to sue. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701528
Governor Arne Carlson vetoed a bill that would extend the statute of limitations another year for hemophiliacs to sue pharmaceutical manufacturers. The bill would have extended the statute of limitations to June 1, 1997, for civil suits brought by people who contacted HIV through contaminated blood-clotting products.


Court upholds sentence of HIV-positive bank robber. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701529
A three-judge panel of the Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the lengthy prison sentence given to Kevin Pollard, an HIV-positive bank robber and prostitute. U.S. District Judge James M. Ideman sentenced Pollard to 78 months in jail. The judge determined that Pollard was a danger to the community because he knew he was H


Ex-inmate who sued prison is entitled to legal counsel. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701530
A former prison inmate with AIDS was appointed legal counsel to pursue a lawsuit against the Luzerne (PA) County Prison. Hetzel claims that a counselor at the prison refused to provide him with counseling for his medical condition and disclosed private medical information to others. Hetzel said these actions violated


Report asks service providers to help tackle HIV violence. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701531
A report issued by the Anti-Violence Project and the National Association of People with AIDS recommends that AIDS service providers (legal, social, and medical) take the lead in tackling HIV-related violence. More than one in five HIV-positive people say they have been the target of assault, harassment, or intimidati


Colorado Governor rejects idea of condoms for prisoners. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701532
Governor Roy Romer of Colorado rejected an informal suggestion to distribute condoms in state prisons. The idea surfaced during preliminary discussions at a meeting of the Governor s AIDS Council. Other ideas that emerged from the discussion include compassionate release and commutation of sentences for gravely ill pr


Conviction upheld in murder prompted by AIDS rumor. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701533
A Texas appeals court upheld the Dallas County jury conviction of Johnny Chattmon, a drug dealer found guilty of murdering a woman who was falsely accused of having AIDS. Kala Pierce performed oral sex on Chattmon in exchange for crack cocaine. When Chattmon heard the false rumor that Pierce had AIDS, he beat her seve


AIDS groups challenge Federal Internet censorship law. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701534
The Communications Decency Act (CDA), a section of the 1996 telecommunications reform law, bans indecent and patently offensive expression from all online systems available to those under the age of 18. AIDS organizations and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) filed suit in U.S. District Court in Philadelphia,


Health-care cap. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701535
Dallas Avionics agreed to discontinue its cap on HIV-related medical expenses. The Texas company offered employees $1 million worth of lifetime medical benefits, with the exception of HIV-related expenses. Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund intervened, demanding that the cap be removed and the company pay an empl


Assisted suicide. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701536
A U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals panel temporarily blocked a lower-court ruling that invalidated New York s ban on doctor-assisted suicide. The court granted New York State Attorney General, Dennis Vacco, a 30-day stay, during which he is preparing an appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court. New York s ban had been struck dow


Needle exchange. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 3;11(8):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701537
Members of the Governor s AIDS Council in Colorado are asking for support from doctors, police officers, and others to pass a law giving counties the power to implement needle-exchange programs. The Council opposes the State s drug paraphernalia law. Currently, only the Boulder County Health Department operates a poli


Court upholds law allowing testing of rape defendants. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 17;11(9):1, 4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701538
The Appellate Division of a New Jersey Superior Court ruled that two statutes allowing sexual assault victims to require their assailants to undergo HIV-antibody testing are constitutional. This decision marks the first time the Fourth Amendment has been addressed by a New Jersey appeals court. In 1995, three teenage


Congress extends Ryan White Act, reaches deal on testing of infants. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 17;11(9):1, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701539
Following a 9-month impasse on the issue of how to reduce perinatal HIV transmission, Congress approved a reauthorized version of the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act. This version requires mandatory testing of newborns if voluntary counseling, testing, and treatment of pregnant women does


NAPWA questions safety of drinking water in major cities. National Association of People with AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.
AIDS Policy Law. 1996 May 17;11(9):2. Unique Ide