Blood monocytes from most human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients do not carry proviral DNA.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1996. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Blood monocytes from most human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients do not carry proviral DNA.

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1994 Sep;1(5):531-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96050867
Shen Y; Rudnik J; Cassol S; Drouin J; Cameron W; Izaguirre CA; Filion LG; Department of Microbiology, University of Ottawa General; Hospital, Ontario, Canada.

Abstract: In blood, the CD4+ T cells of patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) harbor HIV-1; however, whether the CD4+ blood monocytes carry the virus is controversial. Tissue macrophages are known to be infected. To determine in blood monocytes from HIV-1-seropositive patients contain HIV-1, we separated monocytes and T-cell subsets by using monoclonal antibodies bound to magnetic beads and by monocyte adherence to glass. Monocytes were cultured with macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-3. After 14 days in culture, cells were analyzed for the presence of HIV-1 antigen and multinucleated giant cells (MGCs). Freshly isolated cell subsets were analyzed for HIV-1 proviral DNA by PCR with modified env (SK68i and SK69i2) and gag (SK145i and SK150) primers. We found that (i) monocytes cultured without depletion of CD4+ T cells (11 of 11 patients) were HIV-1 antigen positive and showed dramatically increased spontaneous formation of MGCs (ii) monocytes cultured after depletion of CD4+ T cells (three experiments) were HIV-1 antigen negative and showed markedly decreased MGC formation, and (iii) in specimens from 14 patients subsequently analyzed by PCR, purified CD4+ T cells were positive for HIV-1 proviral DNA in all patients. In 11 of 14 patients (79%), the monocyte fractions were HIV-1 proviral DNA negative, while in the remaining 3 patients, the monocytes were positive for HIV-1 proviral DNA. In conclusion, the major reservoir for HIV-1 infection in human peripheral blood is the CD4+ T cell (14 of 14 cases).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*BLOOD Antigens, Viral/IMMUNOLOGY Base Sequence Cells, Cultured/IMMUNOLOGY/VIROLOGY CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY/VIROLOGY CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY/VIROLOGY DNA, Viral/ANALYSIS Human HIV-1/GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY Magnetics Microspheres Molecular Sequence Data Monocytes/IMMUNOLOGY/*VIROLOGY Polymerase Chain Reaction Support, Non-U.S. Gov't T-Lymphocyte Subsets/IMMUNOLOGY/VIROLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE
960530
M9651017

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