1996

Kaposi's sarcoma. An Update.: Dermatol Surg. 1996 Mar;22(3):274-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178091; Zalla MJ; Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdate, AZ 85259, USA.; BACKGROUND: Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) had been an uncommon entity prior to the outbreak of the AIDS epidemic but is now the most common neoplasm occurring in patient s with AIDS. KS occurs in four distinct subsets, each of which the dermatologist is well suited to diagnose and manage. Significant advances have been made r
Pathway to understanding AIDS [news]: Nat Struct Biol. 1996 Apr;3(4):303-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185435; Stevenson M
The solution structure of HIV-1 Nef reveals an unexpected fold and permits delineation of the binding surface for the SH3 domain of Hck tyrosine protein kinase.: Nat Struct Biol. 1996 Apr;3(4):340-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185445; Grzesiek S; Bax A; Clore GM; Gronenborn AM; Hu JS; Kaufman J; Palmer I; Stahl SJ; Wingfield PT; Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes; and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; The solution structure of HIV-1 Nef has been solved by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. The construct employed to circumvent problems associated with aggregation was a double-deletion mutant (delta2-39, delta159-173) in which conformationally disordered regions of the protein at the N terminus and in a
IL-16- and other CD4 ligand-induced migration is dependent upon protein kinase C.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Feb 25;168(1):100-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179307; Parada NA; Cruikshank WW; Danis HL; Ryan TC; Center DM; Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Center, Boston University; School of Medicine, MA 02118, USA.; Human interleukin-16, previously known as lymphocyte chemoattractant factor, is a CD4+ T cell competence growth factor initially described as a chemotactic factor for CD4+ cells. The interaction between IL-16 and its receptor CD4 leads to an increase in intracytoplasmic calcium and inositol triphosphate. Because of th
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat protein modulates fibronectin expression in thymic epithelial cells and impairs in vitro thymocyte development.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Feb 25;168(1):49-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179301; Maroder M; Scarpa S; Screpanti I; Stigliano A; Meco D; Vacca A; Stuppia L; Frati L; Modesti A; Gulino A; Genoa National Institute for Cancer Research, Biotechnology; Section, Rome, Italy.; Infection of both lymphoid and stromal components of the thymus by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) suggests that impairment of lymphocyte differentiation from early T cells progenitors in the thymus may contribute to the HIV-induced T cell depletion. Cross-talk between immature thymocyte and thymic epithel
Serum cytokine profiles in acute primary HIV-1 infection and in infectious mononucleosis.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 Jan;78(1):61-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96173871; Biglino A; Sinicco A; Forno B; Pollono AM; Sciandra M; Martini C; Pich P; Gioannini P; Institute of Infectious Disease, University of Turin, Italy.; Serum cytokine profiles, T-cell subsets, and general parameters of immune activation were evaluated in 15 patients with acute primary HIV-1 infection, and compared with those obtained from 18 patients with acute primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and from 18 control subjects in order to elucidate possible defe
Complement activation by HIV-1-infected target cells enhances IL-2-stimulated but not unstimulated ADCC activity mediated by peripheral blood mononuclear cells.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 Jan;78(1):77-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96173873; Sereti I; Spear GT; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush Medical School,; Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.; The goal of this study was to determine whether deposition of complement C3 breakdown products on the surface of HIV-infected target cells could augment the levels of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Although C3 was deposited on the surface of infec
Carbon-laden macrophages in pleural fluid of crack smokers.: Diagn Cytopathol. 1995 Nov;13(4):316-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96167529; Singh B; Greenebaum E; Cole R; Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of; Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.; Carbon-laden macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage have been noted to be associated with a history of crack smoking. We report herein the finding of carbon-laden macrophages in four cytological preparations of pleural fluid from two crack smokers. The etiology of the two patients pleural effusions differed; neither h
Transactivation of parathyroid hormone-related protein gene expression by human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax [letter]: Eur J Haematol. 1996 Jan-Feb;56(1-2):116-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178186; Mori N; Ejima E; Prager D
Multiple myeloma associated to HIV infection: report of two patients [letter]: Eur J Haematol. 1996 Jan-Feb;56(1-2):98-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178179; Nosari AM; Landonio G; Cantoni S; Errante D; Volonterio A; Morra E
Characterization of Epstein-Barr virus-infected cells in benign lymphadenopathy of patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus.: Hum Pathol. 1996 Mar;27(3):263-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180298; Brousset P; Schlaifer D; Roda D; Massip P; Marchou B; Delsol G; Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de; Purpan, Toulouse, France.; The authors investigated 25 benign lymph nodes in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect and characterize the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected cells. After ISH, 22 lymph nodes were found to contain various numbers of Epstei
Bone marrow involvement by disseminated toxoplasmosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: the value of bone marrow trephine biopsy and immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis.: Hum Pathol. 1996 Mar;27(3):302-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180304; Brouland JP; Audouin J; Hofman P; Le Tourneau A; Basset D; Rio B; Zittoun R; Diebold J; Service Central d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques,; Hotel-Dieu, Paris, France.; A bone marrow biopsy was performed on four patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) for a long-running course fever of unknown origin associated with a recent pancytopenia. In the four cases, striking histological similarities, such as interstitial edema, foci of necrosis and only few scattered or clus
Experimental acute adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma is associated with thymic atrophy in human T cell leukemia virus type I infection.: Lab Invest. 1996 Mar;74(3):696-710. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96175627; Simpson RM; Zhao TM; Hubbard BS; Sawasdikosol S; Kindt TJ; Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville,; Maryland, USA.; Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) infection may lead to an acutely fatal adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL), but HTLV-1-infected people usually remain asymptomatic. Why only certain HTLV-I infections lead to acute ATLL, which is characterized by leukemic infiltration of multiple organs and immune suppress
Selection of RNA-binding peptides in vivo.: Nature. 1996 Mar 14;380(6570):175-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96176484; Harada K; Martin SS; Frankel AD; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0448, USA.; Many priniciples of sequence-specific DNA recognition have been established over the past decade, largely from structural studies of protein-DNA and drug-DNA complexes. On the basis of these principles, it has been possible to design or select variants of known structural motifs, including zinc-fingers and minor groov
Courts back research and compensation for Japanese HIV victims [news]: Nature. 1996 Mar 14;380(6570):92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184705; Barker S
Ganciclovir intraocular implant. A clinicopathologic study.: Ophthalmology. 1996 Mar;103(3):416-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182508; Charles NC; Steiner GC; Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Medical Center,; USA.; BACKGROUND: Surgical implantation of the intraocular sustained-release ganciclovir device is a safe and effective treatment for cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis. Previous histopathologic studies on eyes containing such implant
Relationship of optimism, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs to use of HIV antibody testing by at-risk female adolescents.: Psychosom Med. 1995 Nov-Dec;57(6):541-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96167743; Goodman E; Chesney MA; Tipton AC; Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; 02115, USA.; This study s purpose was to examine the extent to which optimism, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs predict use of HIV testing services in a group of at-risk female adolescents. We prospectively interviewed 124 consecutive girls engaging in risky behaviors before regularly scheduled pediatric clinic appointments at a
Immune system changes after the death of a partner in HIV-positive gay men.: Psychosom Med. 1995 Nov-Dec;57(6):547-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96167744; Kemeny ME; Weiner H; Duran R; Taylor SE; Visscher B; Fahey JL; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, School of; Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90024, USA.; The objectives of this study were to determine 1) whether immune changes relevant to HIV progression occurred in HIV-seropositive men after the death of their intimate partner, and 2) whether depressed mood was associated with these immune changes. The bereaved group consisted of 39 gay men whose intimate partners had
Managing diazepam abuse in an AIDS-related psychiatric clinic with a high percentage of substance abusers.: Psychosomatics. 1996 Jan-Feb;37(1):43-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166508; Freedman JB; O'Dowd MA; McKegney FP; Kaplan IJ; Bernstein G; Biderman DJ; Gomez MF; Department of Psychiatry, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert; Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10011, USA.; Controversy over using benzodiazepines in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive population to relieve sleep and anxiety has not been addressed in the literature. Serious problems with diazepam abuse emerged in a psychiatric outpatient clinic for a predominately HIV-positive and illicit drug-using population, w
Replication of HIV-1 in dendritic cell-derived syncytia at the mucosal surface of the adenoid.: Science. 1996 Apr 5;272(5258):115-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178679; Frankel SS; Wenig BM; Burke AP; Mannan P; Thompson LD; Abbondanzo SL; Nelson AM; Pope M; Steinman RM; AIDS Division, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Disease; Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington DC; 20306-6000, USA.; Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) replicates actively in infected individuals, yet cells with intracellular depots of viral protein are observed only infrequently. Many cells expressing the HIV-1 Gag protein were detected at the surface of the nasopharyngeal tonsil or adenoid. This infected mucosal surface c
Immunological memory and protective immunity: understanding their relation.: Science. 1996 Apr 5;272(5258):54-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178661; Ahmed R; Gray D; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, GA, USA.; The immune system can remember, sometimes for a lifetime, the identity of a pathogen. Understanding how this is accomplished has fascinated immunologists and microbiologists for many years, but there is still considerable debate regarding the mechanisms by which long-term immunity is maintained. Some of the controvers
Population dynamics of immune responses to persistent viruses.: Science. 1996 Apr 5;272(5258):74-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178671; Nowak MA; Bangham CR; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.; Mathematical models, which are based on a firm understanding of biological interactions, can provide nonintuitive insights into the dynamics of host responses to infectious agents and can suggest new avenues for experimentation. Here, a simple mathematical approach is developed to explore the relation between antivira
[Characteristics related to STD/HIV in men working in Mexico City bars where female prostitution takes place]: Salud Publica Mex. 1995 Sep-Oct;37(5):385-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166535; Uribe-Salas F; Hernandez-Giron C; Conde-Gonzalez C; Cruz-Valdez A; Juarez-Figueroa L; Hernandez-Avila M; Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional; de Salud Publica (INSP), Mexico.; OBJECTIVE. This research work intended to describe the characteristics and the seroprevalence of some sexually transmitted diseases (STD), in men working in bars where female commercial sex takes place. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included an evaluation of 171 males during 1993, who were employed in bars and who w
[Humoral immune response to HIV-2 in Mexico]: Salud Publica Mex. 1995 Sep-Oct;37(5):394-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166536; Valadez-Gonzalez N; Soler-Claudin C; Unidad de Investigacion en Retrovirus Humanos, Instituto de; Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de; Mexico.; OBJECTIVE. To study the reactions of Mexican HIV-1 positive sera to HIV-2 antigens, and their relation to the mode of transmission and the clinical status of infected individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Six-hundred and fifty-four sera samples collected in Mexico were tested using HI
AIDS--knowledge, attitudes and practices among STD clinic attenders in the Cape Peninsula.: S Afr Med J. 1995 Dec;85(12):1281-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96138446; Blecher MS; Steinberg M; Pick W; Hennink M; Durcan N; Department of Community Health, University of Cape Town.; This study aimed to determine knowledge about, attitudes to and practices associated with AIDS among sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attenders in the Cape Peninsula. A questionnaire containing open and closed questions in the appropriate language (English, Afrikaans or Xhosa) was administered by trained clin
Contraception in HIV-positive women [letter]: S Afr Med J. 1995 Dec;85(12):1303. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96138458; McCormack CD; Gunston KD
Prolongation of rat kidney allograft survival by nematodes.: Transplantation. 1996 Jan 27;61(2):184-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166719; Ledingham DL; McAlister VC; Ehigiator HN; Giacomantonio C; Theal M; Lee TD; Department of Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova; Scotia, Canada.; Nippostrongylus infection strongly stimulates TH2 activity in vivo. Given the evidence of cross regulation between TH2 and TH1 cells, and the link between TH1 activity and graft rejection, we examined the effects of Nippostrongylus infection on the fate of kidney allografts in rats. Both prior Nippostrongylus infectio
Mouse parvovirus infection potentiates rejection of tumor allografts and modulates T cell effector functions.: Transplantation. 1996 Jan 27;61(2):292-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166738; McKisic MD; Paturzo FX; Smith AL; Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.; Lymphocytotropic mouse parvoviruses can perturb immune responses. For example the recently identified mouse parvovirus designated MPV-1 persistently infects lymphoid tissues and interferes with the ability of cloned T cells to proliferate. As a consequence of these findings the present studies were undertaken to chara
[Autoimmune hepatitis]: Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol. 1995;79:177-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96170455; Dienes HP; Institut fur Pathologie des Universitatsklinikums Mainz.; The morphology of autoimmune hepatitis is characterized by portal-periportal predilection of necroinflammatory lesions. In comparison to the viral type of hepatitis severe piece-meal-necroses, the collapse of periportal parenchyma, and to a higher degree acinar transformation of hepatocytes are more prominent. The aut
[Hepatitis and posthepatic cirrhosis in AIDS]: Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol. 1995;79:249-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96170460; Bierhoff E; Fischer HP; Pfeifer U; Rockstroh J; Spengler U; Pathologisches Institut, Rheinischen; Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn.; Liver biopsy (n = 35) and autopsy (n = 71) specimens from HIV infected HCV-positive and HCV-negative haemophiliacs and non-haemophiliacs and liver biopsies (n = 33) from HIV-negative HCV-infected haemophiliacs and non-haemophiliacs were studied by histo- and immunohistochemistry to investigate the influence of HIV-coi
[Colonic ulcer in HIV (+) patients]: Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam. 1995;25(3):153-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166923; Varsky C; Martinez Lopez C; Dutack A; Bonfanti M; Peluffo G; Freire M; Boffi A; Servicio de Endoscopia, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro; Posadas, Haedo, Argentina.; A characteristic rectocolonic endoscopic finding is the presence of ulcers, which may correspond to different diagnosis. Between January, 1989 and May, 1993, we performed 28 colonoscopies and 12 rectoscopies in patients with HIV (+). In all cases, histologic, parasitologic, bacteriologic, virologic, and micrologic stu
An HIV-infected RN finds a cause: universal use of safer needles [news]: Am J Nurs. 1996 Apr;96(4):69-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184760
Efficacy of epiroprim (Ro11-8958), a new dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, in the treatment of acute Toxoplasma infection in mice.: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Mar;54(3):249-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183672; Martinez A; Allegra CJ; Kovacs JA; Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; Toxoplasma gondii is a major cause of focal encephalitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Epiroprim, an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, was evaluated in vitro and in a mouse model of acute infection for activity against T. gondii. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of epiroprim for T. go
Atypical cutaneous histological features of visceral leishmaniasis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Am J Dermatopathol. 1995 Apr;17(2):145-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166784; Perrin C; Taillan B; Hofman P; Mondain V; Lefichoux Y; Michiels JF; Department of Pathology, University of Nice, France.; Cutaneous lesions in Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are very unusual, except for the presence of Leishmania organisms in cutaneous Kaposi s sarcoma in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We have identified two unusual cutaneous histological features of VL in three patients with AIDS not
Subtle clues to the diagnosis of the herpesvirus by light microscopy. Herpetic syringitis.: Am J Dermatopathol. 1995 Apr;17(2):163-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166787; Sangueza OP; Gordon MD; White CR Jr; Department of Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences University,; Portland 97201, U.S.A.; Among the numerous infections to which AIDS patients are susceptible, those caused by herpesvirus (simplex and varicella/zoster) are among the most common. Because herpetic infections may be the first manifestations of AIDS and often are associated with poor prognosis, rapid and accurate diagnosis of them is imperativ
Changes of verruciform xanthoma in an HIV-1+ patient with diffuse psoriasiform skin disease.: Am J Dermatopathol. 1995 Apr;17(2):185-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166791; Smith KJ; Skelton HG; Angritt P; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA.; Verruciform xanthoma occurs most commonly in the oral mucosa; however, rare cutaneous lesions have been described. Although the pathogenesis of this entity is not known, dysregulation of epithelial proliferation and degenerative changes in the epithelium may explain the occurrence of this lesion in association with in
Malignant lymphoma of soft tissue in an HIV-1+ patient. A rare site for primary malignant lymphoma with implications for treatment. Military Medical Consortium for the Advancement of Retroviral Research.: Am J Dermatopathol. 1995 Aug;17(4):403-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96166830; Smith KJ; Skelton HG; Ruiz N; Laskin W; Wagner KF; Department of Dermatopathology, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, DC 20306, USA.; Soft tissue lymphomas are rare; however, the only large reported series has indicated that soft tissue lymphomas may have a better prognosis than similar-grade tumors found at other sites, and even high-grade lesions may respond to local therapies. We present a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-positive, Wal
Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia. A possible marker for human immunodeficiency virus infection?: Arch Ophthalmol. 1996 Mar;114(3):257-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96176004; Karp CL; Scott IU; Chang TS; Pflugfelder SC; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of; Medicine, Florida 33136, USA.; BACKGROUND: Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia has traditionally been found at the limbus in elderly individuals. Recently, this ocular tumor has been observed in younger patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential association of human immunodeficiency virus infection with the emergence of this atypical pres
Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva and human immunodeficiency virus infection [letter]: Arch Ophthalmol. 1996 Mar;114(3):349. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96176021; Margo CE; Mack W; Guffey JM
The one-two of T helper cells: does interferon-gamma knock out the Th2 hypothesis for asthma? [comment]: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1996 Apr;14(4):316-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186970; Holtzman MJ; Sampath D; Castro M; Look DC; Jayaraman S; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Glucocorticosteroids affect functions of airway- and blood-derived human T-cell clones, favoring the Th1 profile through two mechanisms.: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1996 Apr;14(4):388-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186980; Krouwels FH; van der Heijden JF; Lutter R; van Neerven RJ; Jansen HM; Out TA; Department of Pulmonology, Clinical and Laboratory Immunology; Unit, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.; Glucocorticosteroids (GCS) are beneficial in allergic asthma. GCS therapy results in reduced mRNA expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 in cells from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) but not of IFN-gamma. In vitro studies with blood-derived T cells, however, show inhibition of all three cytokines by GCS. We studied
Lawsuits are set to obstruct Canada's blood inquiry [news]: BMJ. 1996 Feb 17;312(7028):398. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96175108; Spurgeon D
Combining specialist and primary health care teams for HIV positive patients: retrospective and prospective studies.: BMJ. 1996 Feb 17;312(7028):416-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96175117; Smith S; Robinson J; Hollyer J; Bhatt R; Ash S; Shaunak S; Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Postgraduate Medical; School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a model of health care for HIV positive patients involving specialist, hospital based teams and primary health care teams. DESIGN: One year retrospective and a 2 1/2 year prospective study. SETTING: Two hospitals in West London and 88 general practitioners in 72 general hospitals. SU
Human immunodeficiency virus-infected health care workers: the restoration of professional authority.: Arch Fam Med. 1996 Feb;5(2):102-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180056; Burris S; Temple University of School of Law, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; During the first years of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, the professional limitation on HIV-infected physicians and other health care workers were left to the discretion of the infected workers themselves and the medical institutions in which they worked. In the crisis occasioned by the report of iat
Stimulation of the CD2 receptor pathway induces apoptosis in human T lymphotropic virus type I-infected cell lines.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):317-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183594; Guyot DJ; Trask OJ; Andrews JM; Newbound GC; Lairmore MD; Center for Retrovirus and Department of Veterinary Biosciences,; College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, USA.; We demonstrate that CD2 receptor engagement, but not CD3 crosslinking, induces apoptosis in lymphocytes transformed by human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I). Mitogenic pairs of anti-CD2 monoclonal antibodies inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation from 25 to 62% in CD2+ HTLV-I-infected lymphocytes. This inhib
Use of chimeric human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 reverse transcriptases for structure-function analysis and for mapping susceptibility to nonnucleoside inhibitors.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):326-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183595; Yang G; Song Q; Charles M; Drosopoulos WC; Arnold E; Prasad VR; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein; College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.; The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) reverse transcriptases (RTs) are evolutionary related. To study the effect of homologous sequence replacements on polymerase function and to map the determinants of the lack of susceptibility of HIV-2 RT to nonnucleoside drugs, a series of chimeric H
Blind T-cell homeostasis in CD4-deficient mice.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):334-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183596; Adleman LM; Wofsy D; Laboratory for Molecular Science and Department of Computer; Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.; Recently, it has been proposed that normal T-cell count is maintained by a homeostatic mechanism which is blind to the distinction between CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells. Interest in this blind homeostasis hypothesis (BHH) stems in part from its implications regarding the pathogenesis and treatment of HIV infection. In
Targeting a foreign protein into virion particles by fusion with the Vpx protein of simian immunodeficiency virus.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):341-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183597; Park IW; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; The Vpx and Vpr proteins of the primate immunodeficiency viruses are stoichiometrically incorporated into virion particles. The chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) enzyme, when fused to a sufficient portion of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac239) Vpx protein, was incorporated into virions and retained enz
Initial studies on active immunization of HIV-infected subjects using a gp120-depleted HIV-1 Immunogen: long-term follow-up.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):351-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183598; Levine AM; Groshen S; Allen J; Munson KM; Carlo DJ; Daigle AE; Ferre F; Jensen FC; Richieri SP; Trauger RJ; Parker JW; Salk PL; Salk J; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of; Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.; In 1987, exploratory clinical studies were initiated to determine whether the development of AIDS in HIV-infected individuals might be delayed or prevented by immunization with an inactivated HIV preparation. Preclinical studies had shown the preparation to be safe and immunogenic. Twenty-three patients with biopsy-co
CMV-antigenemia in peripheral blood for the diagnosis of CMV disease in HIV-infected patients.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):365-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183599; Salzberger B; Franzen C; Fatkenheuer G; Cornely O; Schwenk A; Rasokat H; Diehl V; Schrappe M; Klinik I fur Innere Medizin, Universitat Koln, Koln, Germany.; In a prospective study of HIV patients with suspected cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease (n = 144; 140 men, four women; aged 23-69 years, median 38 years; CD4 cells 0-400, median 20/microliters), 242 blood samples were examined fo
Active HHV-6 infection in the lymph nodes of HIV-infected patients: in vitro evidence that HHV-6 can break HIV latency.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):370-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183600; Knox KK; Carrigan DR; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee,; USA.; Studies published previously by this laboratory have demonstrated that patients with AIDS have widely disseminated, active infections with HHV-6 at the time of their death. However, it remains unclear when in the course of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection the active HHV-6 infection first appears. To ad
A phase II study of recombinant human interferon-alpha 2a and zidovudine in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. AIDS Clinical Trials Group.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):379-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183601; Fischl MA; Finkelstein DM; He W; Powderly WG; Triozzi PL; Steigbigel RT; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine,; Miami, Florida, USA.; To assess safety, antitumor response, and immunological and virological activity of interferon-alpha 2a and zidovudine combination therapy in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma, we conducted an open-label, Phase II, multicenter study. Sixty-three patients with
Limitations in characterization of heterosexual HIV transmission risk: commentary on the models of Downs and De Vincenzi [editorial; comment]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):385-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183602; Vermund SH
Probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV: relationship to the number of unprotected sexual contacts. European Study Group in Heterosexual Transmission of HIV [see comments]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):388-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183603; Downs AM; De Vincenzi I; European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS,; Hopital National de Saint-Maurice, Saint-Maurice, France.; The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the number of unprotected heterosexual contacts with an HIV-infected person and the probability of HIV transmission. Data from a European study involving 563 heterosexual partners of HIV-infected subjects were analyzed. The number of unprotected c
Hepatitis B immunization: a potential incentive to HIV vaccine trial participation in Thailand?: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):396-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183604; Beyrer C; Celentano DD; Linpisarn S; Natpratan C; Feng W; Eiumtrakul S; Khamboonruang C; Nelson KE; School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University,; Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; To assess the effectiveness of hepatitis B immunization as an incentive to retention in HIV seroincidence studies and future HIV vaccine trials in northern Thailand , subjects enrolled in three HIV seroincidence cohorts were screened for hepatitis B markers and seronegatives were
Evidence for recent growth of the HIV epidemic among African-American men and younger male cohorts in Los Angeles County.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):401-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183605; Greenland S; Lieb L; Simon P; Ford W; Kerndt P; Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los; Angeles, California, USA.; To estimate the recent course of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) epidemic among men within birth cohorts, ethnic groups, and HIV-risk groups in Los Angeles County, backcalculation methods were combined with log-linear models and census data to reconstruct HIV incidence in subgroups from AIDS surveillance
Total lymphocyte count as a surrogate for CD4+ lymphocyte count in African patients coinfected with HIV and tuberculosis [letter; comment]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):411-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183608; Wood R; Post F
Serological evidence of HTLV-I but not HTLV-II infection in ethnic groups of Northern and Eastern Siberia [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):413-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183609; Gressain A; Malet C; Robert-Lamblin J; Lepere A; David P; Chichlo B; Sousova O; Stepina V; Gurtsevitch V; Tortevoye P; Hubert A; de The G
The influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on Langerhans cell counts in the normal cervical tissue [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):414-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183610; Spinillo A; Tenti P; Baltaro F; Zappatore R; Migliora P; Zara F
Incidence of disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients in Switzerland [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):417-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183611; Bucher HC; Gyr K; Ledergerber B; Sudre P
Human fetal glial cells constitutively produce HIV-inducing cytokines.: Exp Cell Res. 1996 Mar 15;223(2):452-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177313; Kalebic T; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; The capacity of two human fetal glial cell lines, SVG and POJ, to increase the expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was investigated. As a cellular model for HIV latency, a chronically infected promonocytic cell line U1 was used. This cell line constitutively expresses a low level of viral activity. To mon
Mechanisms of opsonized HIV entry in normal B lymphocytes.: FEBS Lett. 1996 Mar 4;381(3):227-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96176328; Legendre C; Gras G; Krzysiek R; Galanaud P; Richard Y; Dormont D; Service de Neurovirologie, CE-FAR, DSV/DRM/SNV, IPSC, Fontenay; aux Roses, France.; Using our in vitro model of normal B cell infection that functions with low doses of HIV but requires virus opsonization by seropositive patient serum, and complement, we analyzed what receptors allowed virus entry. Here, we show that HIV infection of B cells occurs through 2 major receptors: the CD4 antigen and the C
[Heterologous induction of the retrotransposon Ty1: reverse transcriptase plays a key role in initiating the retrotransposition cycle]: Genetika. 1995 Dec;31(12):1605-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96170802; Reznik NL; Kidgotko OV; Zolotova LI; Shuppe NG; A new method was developed to study the mechanism of initiation of the retrotransposition cycle: retrotransposons of Drosophila melanogaster, gypsy, copia, and 17.6 were expressed in yeast under the control of potent yeast promoters. Expression of retrotransposons induced formation of viruslike particles (VLPs) associ
Imbalance towards Th1 predominance is associated with acceleration of lupus-like autoimmune syndrome in MRL mice.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Apr 1;97(7):1597-604. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181558; Takahashi S; Fossati L; Iwamoto M; Merino R; Motta R; Kobayakawa T; Izui S; Department of Pathology, Centre Medical Universitaire,; University of Geneva, Switzerland.; To investigate the respective roles of Th1 and Th2 cells in the pathogenesis of lupus-like autoimmune disease, we have analyzed the spontaneous and antigen-induced productions of IgG1 vs IgG2a and IgG3 subclasses in relation to the mRNA expression of INF-gamma (Th1 cytokine promoting IgG2a and IgG3 production), IL-4 (
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte responsiveness after resolution of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Apr 1;97(7):1655-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181566; Rehermann B; Lau D; Hoofnagle JH; Chisari FV; Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps; Research Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.; Clearance of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) during acute hepatitis is associated with a strong, polyclonal, multispecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to the viral envelope, nucleocapsid and polymerase proteins that persists for decades after clinical recovery. In contrast, chronically infected patients usually
Rifampin-resistant, isoniazid-susceptible TB in HIV patients [news]: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1995 Nov;16(11):622. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96170813; Pugliese G
Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-1, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in patients having major surgery.: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1995 Nov;16(11):627-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96170815; Montecalvo MA; Lee MS; DePalma H; Wynn PS; Lowenfels AB; Jorde U; Wuest D; Klingaman A; O'Brien TA; Calmann M; et al; Division of Infectious Diseases, New York Medical College,; Valhalla, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of major surgical procedures that involve patients having serologic evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a single center in Westchester County, New York. METHODS: Blood samples sent for transfusio
Resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to protease inhibitors: selection of resistance mutations in the presence and absence of the drug.: J Gen Virol. 1996 Mar;77 ( Pt 3):419-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177321; Borman AM; Paulous S; Clavel F; Unite d'Oncologie Virale and CNRS URA 1157, Departement Sida et; Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France.; Inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease are a promising class of antiviral agents that dramatically reduce HIV replication both in culture and in infected patients. However, as for many other antiviral compounds, long-term efficacy of these agents is impeded by the emergence of virus variants wit
The requirement for Vif of SIVmac is cell-type dependent.: J Gen Virol. 1996 Mar;77 ( Pt 3):427-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M33262; Zou JX; Luciw PA; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis,; 95616, USA.; The vif gene (viral infectivity factor) of the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) is present in almost all members of the lentivirus group of retroviruses. This gene is highly conserved among different HIV and SIV isolates and is therefore presumed to play an important role in pathogenesis. To ana
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome resource.: J Nurs Adm. 1996 Feb;26(2):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179525
Restructure for federal AIDS research [news]: JAMA. 1996 Apr 10;275(14):1065. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184314; Voelker R
Surgical management of pleuropulmonary tuberculosis.: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996 Mar;111(3):662-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96176936; Mouroux J; Maalouf J; Padovani B; Rotomondo C; Richelme H; Service de Chirurgie Abdominale et Thoracique, Hopital Pasteur,; Nice, France.; To define the current indications for surgical management of pleuropulmonary tuberculosis and analyze the results of operative procedures, the records of 59 patients operated on between January 1987 and December 1993 were reviewed. Three patient categories were defined. Group I patients (n = 25) underwent operation fo
Invasive pneumococcal disease in a cohort of predominantly HIV-1 infected female sex-workers in Nairobi, Kenya.: Lancet. 1996 Mar 16;347(9003):718-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181131; Gilks CF; Ojoo SA; Ojoo JC; Brindle RJ; Paul J; Batchelor BI; Kimari JN; Newnham R; Bwayo J; Plummer FA; Warrell DA; Chinical Research Centre, Kenya Medical Research Institute,; Nairobi, Kenya.; BACKGROUND: HIV infection is a major risk factor for pneumococcal disease in industrialised countries. Although both are common infections in sub-Saharan Africa, few studies have investigated the importance of this interaction. We have followed up a cohort of female sex-workers in Nairobi and report here on the extent
Case for behavioural studies for AIDS prevention [news]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 16;347(9003):750. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196100; Rowe PM
Californian doctors now oppose HIV reporting [news]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 16;347(9003):756. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181139; Nelson H
Direct evaluation of needle and syringe exchange programmes [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 16;347(9003):768. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181161; Frischer M; Taylor A; Goldberg D; Elliott L
Dementia as a symptom of HIV disease [letter; comment]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 16;347(9003):769-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181165; Rabins PV
HIV testing over Easter.: Lancet. 1996 Apr 20;347(9008):1058-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184228; Banatvala JE; Guy's and St. Thomas's NHS Trust, London, UK.
Peripheral-blood-based PCR assay to identify patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis.: Lancet. 1996 Apr 20;347(9008):1082-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184236; Condos R; McClune A; Rom WN; Schluger NW; Bellevue Chest Service, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care; Medicine, New York University Medical Center, NY, USA.; BACKGROUND: There is a need for rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. We have previously used a PCR to detect circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in blood samples from patients (mostly HIV-infected) with pulmonary tuberculosis. We have now prospectively investigated the role of this blood-based PCR assay f
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in Africa [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Apr 20;347(9008):1114-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184256; Kamiya Y; Mtitimila E; Broadhead R; Brabin B; Hart CA
Financial hijacking of conferences [letter; comment]: Lancet. 1996 Apr 20;347(9008):1119-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184268; French N
HIV clearance in infants [letter; comment]: Lancet. 1996 Apr 20;347(9008):1122. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184273; McClure MO; Goulder PJ; Ogg G; McMichael AJ; Weber JN
GM-CSF increases HIV-1 load [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Apr 20;347(9008):1123-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196104; Lafeuillade A; Poggi C; Tamalet C
The role of BCG vaccine in the prevention and control of tuberculosis in the United States. A joint statement by the Advisory Council for the Elimination of Tuberculosis and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 Apr 26;45(RR-4):1-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195338; This report updates and replaces previous recommendations regarding the use of Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) vaccine for controlling tuberculosis (TB) in the United States (MMWR 1988;37:663-4, 669-75). Since the previous recommendations were published, the number of TB cases ha
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis outbreak on an HIV ward--Madrid, Spain, 1991-1995.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 Apr 26;45(16):330-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192014; Beginning in 1990, outbreaks of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) have been reported in hospitals and prisons in the eastern United States (1). During June 1991-January 1995, MDR-TB was diagnosed in 47 patients and one health-care worker at a 120-bed, infectious disease referra
Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia in an asymptomatic HIV-seronegative woman after exposure to HIV [letter]: N Engl J Med. 1996 May 2;334(18):1202-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185754; Fernandez-Cruz E; Zabay JM; Munoz-Fernandez MA
Health ministry accepts liability in Japanese HIV-infected blood row [news]: Nature. 1996 Feb 22;379(6567):663-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178497; Barker S; Swinbanks D
HIV vaccine strategy seeks to woo industry [news]: Nature. 1996 Feb 22;379(6567):665. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178498; Wadman M
Anthropologist cleared in patent dispute [news]: Nature. 1996 Apr 4;380(6573):374. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180106; Lehrman S
Quebec challenges blood inquiry [news]: Nature. 1996 Apr 18;380(6575):572. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186799; Spurgeon D
Lack of IL-4-induced Th2 response and IgE class switching in mice with disrupted Stat6 gene.: Nature. 1996 Apr 18;380(6575):630-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186813; Shimoda K; van Deursen J; Sangster MY; Sarawar SR; Carson RT; Tripp RA; Chu C; Quelle FW; Nosaka T; Vignali DA; Doherty PC; Grosveld G; Paul WE; Ihle JN; Department of Biochemistry, St Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis, Tennessee 38105 USA.; Signal transducers and activators of transcription (Stats) are activated by tyrosine phosphorylation in response to cytokines, and are thought to mediate many of their functional responses. Stat6 is activated in response to interleukin (IL)-4 and may contribute to various functions including mitogenesis, T-helper cell
Control of cAMP-regulated enhancers by the viral transactivator Tax through CREB and the co-activator CBP.: Nature. 1996 Apr 18;380(6575):642-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186817; Kwok RP; Laurance ME; Lundblad JR; Goldman PS; Shih H; Connor LM; Marriott SJ; Goodman RH; Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland; 97201 USA.; The Tax protein of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1 activates expression of the HTLV-1 long terminal repeat through a DNA element that resembles the cellular cyclic AMP-regulated enhancer (CRE). Tax contains a transcriptional activation domain, but its ability to activate gene expression depends on interactions wit
Significance of mild cytologic atypia in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus.: Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Apr;87(4):515-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179700; Wright TC Jr; Moscarelli RD; Dole P; Ellerbrock TV; Chiasson MA; Vandevanter N; Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of; Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and who have mild cytologic atypia. METHODS: As part of an ongoing, prospective study of cervical disease in HIV-infected women, Papanicolaou smears were analyzed cross-s
Serum vitamin A and beta-carotene levels in pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1.: Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Apr;87(4):564-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179708; Phuapradit W; Chaturachinda K; Taneepanichskul S; Sirivarasry J; Khupulsup K; Lerdvuthisopon N; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine,; Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.; OBJECTIVE: To determine if low levels of serum vitamin A and beta-carotene are present in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. METHODS: Serum concentrations of vitamin A and beta-carotene were measured in 74 pregnant women seropositive for HIV-1 infection (17 with CD4 count below 200 c
Viral transactivators specifically target distinct cellular protein kinases that phosphorylate the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain.: Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 Feb 1;24(3):501-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96173650; Herrmann CH; Gold MO; Rice AP; Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine,; Houston, TX 77030, USA.; Phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II has been implicated as an important step in transcriptional regulation. Previously, we reported that a cellular CTD kinase, TAK, is targeted by the human immunodeficiency virus transactivator Tat. In the present study, we
Psoralen crosslinking between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA and primer tRNA3(Lys).: Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 Feb 1;24(3):509-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96173651; Skripkin E; Isel C; Marquet R; Ehresmann B; Ehresmann C; Unite Propre de Recherche, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et; Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France.; Initiation of reverse transcription is a crucial step of retroviral infection. In HIV-1, it involves hybridization of the 18 3 -terminal nucleotides of the primer tRNA3(Lys) to the primer binding site (PBS) of the viral RNA. Moreover, additional interactions between the two RNAs were recently evidenced [Isel et al. (1
The effect of cimetidine and ranitidine administration with zidovudine.: Pharmacotherapy. 1995 Nov-Dec;15(6):701-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96162732; Fletcher CV; Henry WK; Noormohamed SE; Rhame FS; Balfour HH Jr; Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Minnesota Health; Sciences Center, Minneapolis 55455, USA.; STUDY OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the possibility of a drug interaction with zidovudine and histamine2-receptor antagonists in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. DESIGN. Randomized crossover study. SETTING. University-affiliated research center. PATIENTS. Six HIV-infected individuals. INTERVENTIONS
Hyperkalemia associated with high-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Pharmacotherapy. 1995 Nov-Dec;15(6):793-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96162747; Mihm LB; Rathbun RC; Resman-Targoff BH; Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University; of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, USA.; When given in standard dosages to treat bacterial respiratory and urinary tract infections, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is not commonly associated with hyperkalemia. However, the emergence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has led to increased numbers of patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Human immunodeficiency virus-associated squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck presenting as oral and primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinomas.: Quintessence Int. 1995 Sep;26(9):635-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193627; Langford A; Langer R; Lobeck H; Stolpmann HJ; Pohle HD; Reichart P; Bier J; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Rudolf Virchow University; Clinic, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany.; Six cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising in the head and neck of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus are described. This article reports the first two cases of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma associated with infection with human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical presentation, result
Ig-isotype patterns of primary and secondary B cell responses to Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi correlate with IFN-gamma and IL-4 cytokine production with CD45RB expression by CD4+ spleen cells.: Scand J Immunol. 1996 Mar;43(3):263-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179382; D'Imperio Lima MR; Alvarez JM; Furtado GC; Kipnis TL; Coutinho A; Minoprio P; Departamento de Imunologia, ICB/USP, Sao Paulo, Brasil.; In this work, the authors analysed T and B lymphocyte subsets and cytokine production in the spleen of BALB/c mice during polyclonal lymphocyte activation (primary infection) and parasite-specific response to Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi (secondary infection). The secondary response was evaluated in fully immunoprotec
Oestrogen treatment depletes extrathymic T cells from intestinal lymphoid tissues.: Scand J Immunol. 1996 Mar;43(3):345-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179394; Boll G; Reimann J; Institute for Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Ulm, Germany.; Different lineages of thymic and extrathymic T cells are found in the epithelial layer and in the lamina propria of the small and large intestine of euthymic and athymic mice. A single subcutaneous injection of oestradiolvalorat (Progynon-Depot-10, Schering, Berlin, Germany ) into
Socio-economic status of AIDS patients.: Scand J Soc Med. 1995 Sep;23(3):189-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195346; Laursen E; Larsen L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre University Hospital,; Copenhagen, Denmark.; The charts of 187 patients diagnosed at Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen from 1981 through 1989 as having AIDS were reviewed retrospectively in order to examine the extent of their employment and alternative sources of income during the first 2 years after diagnosis. At the time of diagnosis, 50% were actively
Organization of HIV/AIDS related attitudes and predictors of attitudes.: Scand J Soc Med. 1995 Sep;23(3):202-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195348; Rise J; Jakobsen R; Research Center for Health Promotion, University of Bergen,; Norway.; The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological organization of attitudes towards public measures instituted to combat AIDS; secondly, to study the cognitive information about HIV transmission upon which these attitudes are based; and thirdly, to study whether education plans and gender also predicted n
Pasteur implicated in blood scandal? [news]: Science. 1996 Apr 12;272(5259):185. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181103; Kaiser J
New role for HIV: a vehicle for moving genes into cells [news; comment]: Science. 1996 Apr 12;272(5259):195. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181108; Cohen J
In vivo gene delivery and stable transduction of nondividing cells by a lentiviral vector [see comments]: Science. 1996 Apr 12;272(5259):263-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181116; Naldini L; Blomer U; Gallay P; Ory D; Mulligan R; Gage FH; Verma IM; Trono D; Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.; A retroviral vector system based on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was developed that, in contrast to a murine leukemia virus-based counterpart, transduced heterologous sequences into HeLa cells and rat fibroblasts blocked in the cell cycle, as well as into human primary macrophages. Additionally, the HIV vect
New database [letter]: Science. 1996 Apr 19;272(5260):337-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185489; Vondrasek J; Wlodawer A
AIDS vaccine trial disappointing [news]: Science. 1996 Apr 19;272(5260):341. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196105
Detection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequence in vascular lesions. A reliable diagnostic marker for Kaposi's sarcoma.: Am J Clin Pathol. 1996 Mar;105(3):360-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180970; Jin YT; Tsai ST; Yan JJ; Hsiao JH; Lee YY; Su IJ; Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University, Medical; College and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.; A new herpesvirus-like DNA sequence (KSHV) has been recently identified in Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) from patients with AIDS and non-AIDS patients. To verify the specificity of the association of this new viral DNA with KS, a total of 155 cases of benign and malignant vascular neoplasms sharing similar histogenesis of end
Predominance of neutrophils in the cerebrospinal fluid of AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus radiculopathy.: Am J Clin Pathol. 1996 Mar;105(3):364-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180971; Granter SR; Doolittle MH; Renshaw AA; Department of Pathology and Division of Cytology, Brigham and; Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) radiculopathy has been associated with both viral cytopathic inclusions and an increased number of neutrophils in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with AIDS. The significance of these findings is unknown. To evaluate this, the auth
Acquired free protein S deficiency associated with multiple myeloma: a case report.: Am J Hematol. 1996 Apr;51(4):319-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180040; Deitcher SR; Erban JK; Limentani SA; Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Division of; Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, New England; Medical Center Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.; Investigation of recurrent venous thromboembolic events in a 46-year-old man with progressive IgG kappa (total serum IgG, 74.3 mg/ml) multiple myeloma revealed profound reductions in free protein S (PS) antigen (
Case report: strongyloidiasis refractory to treatment with ivermectin.: Am J Med Sci. 1996 Apr;311(4):178-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178929; Ashraf M; Gue CL; Baddour LM; Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Medical Center,; Knoxville, USA.; Strongyloides stercoralis usually causes chronic asymptomatic infection in humans. However, in patients with AIDS, malignancy, and individuals receiving corticosteroids, disseminated infection can develop, associated with an extremely high mortality rate and frequent treatment failure with thiabendazole. Recently, ive
Case report: successful treatment with cimetidine and zinc sulphate in chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis.: Am J Med Sci. 1996 Apr;311(4):189-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178932; Polizzi B; Origgi L; Zuccaro G; Matti P; Scorza R; Institute of Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease and; Immunopathology, Univerity of Milan, Italy.; The authors evaluated the clinical efficacy of a treatment with cimetidine and zinc sulphate in a patient with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Cimetidine was given at a dose of 400 mg three times daily; zinc sulphate at a dose of 200 mg daily, then adjusted to maintain blood zinc levels at the upper normal range. T
Cytomegalovirus. An unexpected cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia.: Anesthesiology. 1996 Feb;84(2):280-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179108; Papazian L; Fraisse A; Garbe L; Zandotti C; Thomas P; Saux P; Pierrin G; Gouin F; Department of Anesthesia, Hopital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille,; France.; BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) frequently is observed in immunocompromised hosts. The aim of this study was to report cases of ventilator-associated CMV pneumonia diagnosed by pathologic examination in intensive care patients without acquired immunodeficiency
Cryptosporidiosis: an outbreak associated with drinking water despite state-of-the-art water treatment.: Ann Intern Med. 1996 Mar 1;124(5):459-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96169943; Goldstein ST; Juranek DD; Ravenholt O; Hightower AW; Martin DG; Mesnik JL; Griffiths SD; Bryant AJ; Reich RR; Herwaldt BL; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Viral and; Rickettsial Diseases, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the magnitude and source of an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and to determine whether the outbreak extended into the immunocompetent population. DESIGN: Matched case-control study and environmental investigation. SETTING: Clark Cou
Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus in brains of demented and nondemented patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Ann Neurol. 1996 Mar;39(3):392-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180920; Johnson RT; Glass JD; McArthur JC; Chesebro BW; Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore,; Maryland 21287, USA.; We measured human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA in brains of 15 patients who died with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). All had been followed prospectively prior to death; 7 were demented and 8 were not demented. HIV was detected in 13 of 15 brains by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in the remaining 2
HIV-1 RT enhances the activity of a tethered dimer of HIV-1 proteinase.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Mar 7;220(1):203-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96176980; Goobar-Larsson L; Larsson PT; Debouck C; Towler EM; Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, MTC, Karolinska Institute,; Stockholm, Sweden.; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) can specifically enhance HIV-1 proteinase activity in vitro and in eukaryotic cells (1). To determine if the effect of RT on proteinase activity was due to changes in the equilibrium dimerization constant of the proteinase or the stability of the proteinase dimer, we studied the effect
Favorable interaction of beta-L(-) nucleoside analogues with clinically approved anti-HIV nucleoside analogues for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus.: Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Mar 22;51(6):731-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182766; Bridges EG; Dutschman GE; Gullen EA; Cheng YC; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine,; New Haven, CT 06510, USA.; The combination of L(-)-2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine (L(-)SddC, 3TC ), L(-)-2 ,3 -dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine (L(-)FddC), or L(-)-2 ,3 -dideoxy-5-fluoro-3 -thiacytidine (L(-)(FTC) with 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (
The benzylthio-pyrimidine U-31,355, a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Mar 22;51(6):743-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182768; Althaus IW; Chou KC; Lemay RJ; Franks KM; Deibel MR; Kezdy FJ; Resnick L; Busso ME; So AG; Downey KM; Romero DL; Thomas RC; Aristoff PA; Tarpley WG; Reusser F; Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo 49007-4940, MI USA.; U-31,355, or 4-amino-2-(benzylthio)-6-chloropyrimidine is an inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) and possesses anti-HIV activity in HIV-1-infected lymphocytes grown in tissue culture. The compound acts as a specific inhibitor of the RNA-directed DNA polymerase function o
AIDs focus. Altered body image.: Nurs Stand. 1996 Jan 10-16;10(16):50-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193539; Jamieson S
[HIV in children]: Kinderkrankenschwester. 1995 Dec;14(12):521-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193519; Kugler K
[Dealing with HIV positive children and their families]: Kinderkrankenschwester. 1995 Dec;14(12):523-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193520; Strotmann G
Clinical significance of CD45RO expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in HTLV-I-infected individuals.: Br J Haematol. 1996 Feb;92(2):401-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96189854; Suzuki M; Uno H; Yamashita K; Toyama T; Kubuki Y; Maeda K; Matsuoka H; Ohtaki S; Tsubouchi H; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Miyazaki Medical College,; Japan.; The phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was examined in 13 healthy volunteers, 26 HTLV-I carriers, and 58 ATL patients (22 smouldering, five chronic, 24 acute, and seven lymphoma type). The percentage of CD4+, CD25+, CD28+ and CD45RO+ cells in the PBMC of the chronic and acute type patients was sign
Development of vaginal microbicides for the prevention of heterosexual transmission of HIV.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):211-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183929; Pauwels R; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; Various compounds could be considered to be vaginal microbicides, preventing heterosexual transmission of HIV (i.e. virucidal agents such as nonoxynol 9 and chlorhexidine) and antiviral agents interfering with either virus adsorption/fusion [polyanionic substances such as polysulfates (i.e. PVAS, PAVAS), polysulfonate
Effects of HIV-1 Tat on expression of HLA class I molecules.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):233-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183928; Matsui M; Warburton RJ; Cogswell PC; Baldwin AS Jr; Frelinger JA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North; Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7290, USA.; Tat protein of HIV-1 is a potent transactivator of transcription and essential for HIV-1 replication. In addition, Tat has been proposed to possess immunosuppressive functions, suggesting that Tat may play a direct role in the immune dysfunction associated with AIDS. Recently, it has been reported that Tat represses a
Anti-HIV potential of a new interferon, interferon-tau (trophoblastin).: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):241-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183930; Dereuddre-Bosquet N; Clayette P; Martin M; Mabondzo A; Fretier P; Gras G; Martal J; Dormont D; Service de Neurovirologie, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique,; Institut Paris Sud sur les Cytokines, Fontenay aux Roses, France.; Antiretroviral effects of a new class of interferon (IFN), IFN-tau, were compared with those of IFN-alpha in primary peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), infected in vitro by human immunodeficiency viruses type 1, HIV-1/LAI, and HIV-1/DAS isolates, respectively. Cells were treat
The effect of thalidomide on the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and M. tuberculosis infection.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):247-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183931; Klausner JD; Makonkawkeyoon S; Akarasewi P; Nakata K; Kasinrerk W; Corral L; Dewar RL; Lane HC; Freedman VH; Kaplan G; Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New; York, USA.; Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a cytokine produced during the host defense against infection, is associated with fevers, weakness, and progressive weight loss. Thalidomide inhibits the synthesis of TNF-alpha both in vitro and in vivo and may have clinical usefulness. We therefore initiated a pilot study of t
Effects of dietary n-3 fatty acid supplementation in men with weight loss associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Relation to indices of cytokine production.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):258-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183932; Hellerstein MK; Wu K; McGrath M; Faix D; George D; Shackleton CH; Horn W; Hoh R; Neese RA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California,; Berkeley, USA.; Cytokines may be involved in weight loss and disturbances of metabolism associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Dietary n-3 fatty acids reduce the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in normal humans and prevent IL-1 and
Effect of whole-body hyperthermia on AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma: a pilot study.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):271-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183933; Steinhart CR; Ash SR; Gingrich C; Sapir D; Keeling GN; Yatvin MB; Mercy Special Immunology Services, Miami, Florida, USA.; The safety and possible efficacy of extracorporeal whole-body hyperthermia (WBHT) were evaluated in the first FDA-approved feasibility study of WBHT in persons with AIDS. Six gay men, aged 20-50 years, CDC class C-3, underwent 1 h of WBHT at either 40 degrees C or 42 degrees C, employing a system that minimizes the ph
A study of sexual behavior change in rural Senegal.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):282-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183934; Lagarde E; Pison G; Enel C; Laboratoire d'Anthropologie, Biologique, Museum National; d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.; This study describes recent sociodemographic and behavioral changes in a rural community in Senegal and investigates how these changes may have modified the risk of HIV/STD transmission. The authors combine findings from two surveys: (a) a marriage survey among all adults of a rur
Detection of HIV-1 DNA in needle/syringes, paraphernalia, and washes from shooting galleries in Miami: a preliminary laboratory report.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):301-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183936; Shah SM; Shapshak P; Rivers JE; Stewart RV; Weatherby NL; Xin KQ; Page JB; Chitwood DD; Mash DC; Vlahov D; McCoy CB; Comprehensive Drug Research Center, Department of Psychiatry,; University of Miami, Florida, USA.; Shared use of injection equipment (needle/syringes), registering, booting, and backloading are practices among injection drug users (IDUs) that increase the risk for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The sharing of injection paraphernalia (including cookers and cottons) and washwater for rin
Herpesvirus-like DNA in AIDS Kaposi's sarcoma in Argentina [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):308. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183937; Sosa CE; Benetucci JA; Sieczkowski LM; Vazquez A; Wen XL; Baum M; Klaskala W; Harrington WJ Jr; Wood C
Saliva test screening for HIV infection: Author's reply to comment on the accuracy of a saliva test for HIV antibody [letter; comment]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):309-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183939; Marion SA; King A; Cook D; Rekart M; Middleton PJ; O'Shaughnessy MV
Detection of herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) sequences in patients with Kaposi's sarcoma in Spain [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):310-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183940; Heredia A; Vallejo A; Hewlett IK
Linked HIV epidemics in San Francisco [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Mar 1;11(3):311-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183941; Service SK; Blower SM
Qualitative evaluation of the Canadian Medical Association's counselling guidelines for HIV serologic testing.: Can Med Assoc J. 1996 Mar 1;154(5):665-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182912; Rowan MS; Toombs M; Bally G; Walters DJ; Henderson J; Department of Health Care and Promotion, CMA, Ottawa, Ontario.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the face and content validity of the CMA s counselling guidelines for HIV serologic testing in order to prepare a revised edition. DESIGN: Qualitative evaluation by structured focus groups in September and October 1994 to assess the relevance, clarity and practicality of the guidelines, followed
Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes respond to systemic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Feb 1;167(2):161-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187842; Sydora BC; Jamieson BD; Ahmed R; Kronenberg M; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of; Medicine 90095-1747, USA.; Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) are a population of cells consisting mostly of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Although their function is unknown, because of their location within the epithelium it has been postulated that IEL may be involved in defense against infection of the gut mucosa by pathogens including virus
Activation patterns of murine T cells after oral administration of an enterocoated soluble antigen.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Feb 1;167(2):170-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187843; Jain SL; Barone KS; Michael JG; Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology,; University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0524, USA.; An orally administered soluble protein antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), enterocoated with an acid-resistant acrylic polymer, induced a strong humoral immune response in BDF1 mice, exhibiting Th2 cell phenotype, typified by increased OVA-specific IgA, IgG1, and IgE antibody responses. This antibody response was accompanied by
Defective CD4+ T cell signaling in murine AIDS: uncoupling of the T cell receptor complex from PIP2 hydrolysis.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Feb 1;167(2):176-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187844; Fitzpatrick EA; Kaplan AM; Cohen DA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Kentucky, Lexington 40536-0084, USA.; CD4+ T cells from mice with murine AIDS (MAIDS) have been shown to be unable to respond to TCR stimulation as measured by proliferation, IL-2 production, or IL-2R upregulation, although responsiveness was restored with PMA and ionomycin. In this report we have demonstr
Cellular induction mechanism of CD8+ suppressor T cells by DMBA and TPA: formation of CD4+ suppressor-inducer T cells.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Feb 1;167(2):216-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187848; Negoro T; Iinuma F; Watanabe M; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical; Sciences, Teikyo University, Kanagawa, Japan.; We investigated the cellular induction mechanism of antigen-nonspecific CD8+ T suppressor cells which suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity to sheep red blood cells, by treating BALB/c mice with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), a tumor initiator, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a tumor promote
CD4+ lymphocytes from HIV-infected patients display impaired CD45-associated tyrosine phosphatase activity which is enhanced by anti-oxidants.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Apr;104(1):11-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181261; Cayota A; Vuillier F; Gonzalez G; Dighiero G; Unite d'Immunohematologie et d'Immunopathologie, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.; It has been proposed that signal transduction defects may, at least partially, account for the functional impairment of CD4+ lymphocytes during HIV-1 infection. Recently, we have demonstrated that unresponsive CD4+ lymphocytes from these patients had reduced protein tyrosine phosphorylation after CD3 engagement, and t
Correlation between expression of antibodies to histone H2B and clinical activity in HIV-infected individuals.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Apr;104(1):18-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181262; Williams WM; Whalley AS; Comacchio RM; Rosenberg J; Watts RA; Isenberg DA; McCutchan JA; Morrow WJ; IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, LaJolla, CA, USA.; Levels of autoantibodies specific for the histone, H2B, were measured in individuals with HIV infection. In comparison with normal (uninfected) controls, infected patients, particularly those with symptomatic disease, had significantly elevated titres of anti-H2B antibodies. Longitudinal studies confirmed that levels
The enigma of CD57+CD28- T cell expansion--anergy or activation?: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Apr;104(1):180-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181286; Kern F; Ode-Hakim S; Vogt K; Hoflich C; Reinke P; Volk HD; Institut fur Medizinische Immunologie der Charite, Humboldt; Universitat zu Berlin, Germany.; Expansion of a CD57+CD8+ T lymphocyte subset has been reported in HIV and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. Almost all of these T cells lack CD28 expression. While CD28- cells are often associated with anergy, some authors believe their expansion in HIV infection precipitates
Immunohistological study of the depressed cutaneous DTH response in sheep naturally infected with an ovine lentivirus (Maedi-Visna virus).: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Apr;104(1):32-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181264; Pyrah IT; Watt NJ; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Royal (Dick) School of; Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, UK.; The gross and immunohistological characteristics of the purified protein derivative (PPD)-induced cutaneous DTH reaction were studied in a group of sheep naturally infected with Maedi-Visna virus (MVV), and compared with reactions obtained in a matched control group. There was a marked, but variable, depression in the
Association of T cell dysfunction with the presence of IgG autoantibodies on CD4+ lymphocytes in haemophilia patients; results of a 10-year study.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Apr;104(1):4-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181260; Daniel V; Susal C; Weimer R; Zipperle S; Kropelin M; Zimmermann R; Huth-Kuhne A; Opelz G; Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of; Immunology, Umiversity of Heidelberg, Germany.; HIV induces progressive dysfunction followed by numerical depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes. IgG autoantibodies and gp 120-containing immune complexes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AIDS. We carried out a longitudinal study in 19 HIV- and 72 HIV+ haemophilia patients over a 10-year period in order to investig
The effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I on the immune system of aged female monkeys.: Endocrinology. 1996 Mar;137(3):1071-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96174794; LeRoith D; Yanowski J; Kaldjian EP; Jaffe ES; LeRoith T; Purdue K; Cooper BD; Pyle R; Adler W; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; The aging process is associated with a significant reduction in circulating GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels. During this period, immune function also declines. Rodent data suggest that treatment with recombinant human GH (rhGH) or rhIGF-I enhances immune function in normal adult mice. To determine w
High risk of Kaposi's sarcoma and central nervous system lymphoma in the same individuals: a finding related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Int J Cancer. 1996 Apr 10;66(2):176-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179485; Ahsan H; Neugut AI; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Columbia; University, NY, USA.; Kaposi s sarcoma and central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma are the 2 most common malignancies related to HIV infection. To investigate the association between Kaposi s sarcoma and CNS lymphoma , a population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted. Using U.S. Surveillance, Ep
Transmission and population dynamics of HTLV-I infection.: Int J Cancer. 1996 Apr 10;66(2):197-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179489; Seydel J; Kramer A; Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health,; Univeristy of Bielefeld, Germany.; We present a modelling approach for transmission and population dynamics of human T-cell lymphotropic-virus-type-I (HTLV-I) infection. A steady-state analysis of the model was used to estimate transmission rates for males and females. The rate of heterosexual transmission was 2.7 times higher if the carrier was male.
A model program for assisting pet owners infected with human immunodeficiency virus.: J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996 Feb 15;208(4):483-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191058; Scheck J; Lewis LA; Lane TJ; College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida,; Gainesville 32610, USA.
An internalization signal in the simian immunodeficiency virus transmembrane protein cytoplasmic domain modulates expression of envelope glycoproteins on the cell surface.: J Cell Biol. 1996 Mar;132(5):795-811. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180275; Sauter MM; Pelchen-Matthews A; Bron R; Marsh M; LaBranche CC; Vance PJ; Romano J; Haggarty BS; Hart TK; Lee WM; Hoxie JA; Hematology-Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania,; Philadelphia, 19104, USA.; A Tyr to Cys mutation at amino acid position 723 in the cytoplasmic domain of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) transmembrane (TM) molecule has been shown to increase expression of envelope glycoproteins on the surface of infected cells. Here we show that Tyr-723 contributes to a sorting signal that directs the
Presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and HIV-1-specific antibodies in cervicovaginal secretions of infected mothers and in the gastric aspirates of their infants.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):1001-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183642; Nielsen K; Boyer P; Dillon M; Wafer D; Wei LS; Garratty E; Dickover RE; Bryson YJ; Department of Pediatrics, UCLA School of Medicine, 90024-1752,; USA.; The presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in cervicovaginal secretions (CVS) may be a risk factor for perinatal transmission. CVS of 25 women were evaluated for HIV and HIV mucosal antibodies; 16 infants had gastric aspirates cultured. Maternal plasma HIV was measured by quantitative RNA polymerase chain reac
Polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 and thymosin alpha 1 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):1005-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183643; Ramachandran R; Katzenstein DA; Winters MA; Kundu SK; Merigan TC; AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Center for AIDS Research, Stanford; University Medical Center, CA 94305, USA.; The safety and antiviral effects of polyethylene glycolated interleukin-2 (PEG- IL-2 ) and thymosin alpha 1 in addition to zidovudine were studied in 12 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects with 50-250 CD4 T cells/mm3. PEG-IL-2 was administered by intrave
Seroprevalence to Bartonella quintana among patients at a community clinic in downtown Seattle.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):1023-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183647; Jackson LA; Spach DH; Kippen DA; Sugg NK; Regnery RL; Sayers MH; Stamm WE; Department of Epidemiology (School of Public Health and Community; Medicine), Seattle, WA 98195, USA.; In 1993, an outbreak of 10 cases of Bartonella quintana bacteremia occurred among homeless, alcoholic, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative persons in Seattle. To estimate the prevalence of past exposure B. quintana among this population, a serosurvey was conducted in 1994 among patients at a downtown Seattle c
Genetic evidence for latent Septata intestinalis infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with intestinal microsporidiosis.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):1038-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U39297; Franzen C; Kuppers R; Muller A; Salzberger B; Fatkenheuer G; Vetten B; Diehl V; Schrappe M; Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Cologne,; Germany.; Sequence data of the small subunit rRNA (SSU-rRNA) gene were used to identify Septata intestinalis in biopsies of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), southern blot hybridization, cloning, and comparative genetic sequencing. DNA products of correct size could be amplified
Randomization to iron supplementation of patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease--an inadvertent but controlled study with results important for patient care [letter]: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):1044-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183653; Jacobus DP
Iron and oxidative stress as a mechanism for the enhanced production of human immunodeficiency virus by alveolar macrophages from otherwise healthy cigarette smokers [letter]: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):1045-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183654; Boelaert JR; Piette J; Weinberg GA; Sappey C; Weinberg ED
Combination therapy with didanosine and interferon-alpha in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: results of a phase I/II trial.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):840-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183619; Kovacs JA; Bechtel C; Davey RT Jr; Falloon J; Polis MA; Walker RE; Metcalf JA; Davey V; Piscitelli SC; Baseler M; Dewar R; Salzman NP; Masur H; Lane HC; National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.; A nonrandomized trial was undertaken to evaluate the combination of didanosine and interferon-alpha (INF-alpha) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Thirty-six volunteers with >200 x 10(6) CD4 cells/L received didanosine (one 100-, 250-, or 375-mg sachet twice daily) for at least 6 weeks, following
Antiretroviral monotherapy in early stage human immunodeficiency virus disease has no detectable effect on virus load in peripheral blood and lymph nodes.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):849-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183620; Cohen OJ; Pantaleo G; Holodniy M; Fox CH; Orenstein JM; Schnittman S; Niu M; Graziosi C; Pavlakis GN; Lalezari J; Bartlett JA; Steigbigel RT; Cohn J; Novak R; McMahon D; Bilello J; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; Initiation of antiretroviral monotherapy early in the course of infection with human immunodeficiency virus may result in a temporary slowing in the rate of disease progression; however, little is known about the virologic effects of early therapy. Virus load was measured in peripheral blood and lymph nodes from 16 an
Risk factors for pneumococcal disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):857-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183621; Gebo KA; Moore RD; Keruly JC; Chaisson RE; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; To identify risk factors for pneumococcal infection among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, a nested case-control study was done in an urban university human immunodeficiency virus clinic. Subjects with pneumococcal illness seen between 1 January 1990 and 1 July 1994 (n=85) were randomly matched to contr
CD4-IgG binding threshold for inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):863-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183622; Berkower I; Mostowski H; Bull TE; Murphy D; Laboratories of Immunoregulation, Food and Drug Administration,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; The stoichiometry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) inactivation by soluble receptor CD4-IgG hybrid dimers (CD4-IgG) was examined. The extent of HIV-1 inactivation was measured in a sensitive plaque-forming assay, and the corresponding level of CD4-IgG binding was determined by immunofluorescence of infec
Invasive pneumococcal infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):870-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183623; Mao C; Harper M; McIntosh K; Reddington C; Cohen J; Bachur R; Caldwell B; Hsu HW; Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts, USA.; Invasive pneumococcal infection (IPI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children. Data from a population-based pediatric HIV surveillance project were used to determine the incidence of IPI in HIV-infected children and to conduct a case-control study assessin
Patterns of virus burden and T cell phenotype are established early and are correlated with the rate of disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):877-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183624; Wong MT; Dolan MJ; Kozlow E; Doe R; Melcher GP; Burke DS; Boswell RN; Vahey M; Department of Infectious Diseases, Wilford Hall Medical Center,; Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, USA.; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 DNA and RNA levels and T lymphocyte cell surface markers were measured in blood serum and cell fractions from asymptomatic infected patients to find novel virologic and immunologic features in early disease predictive of subsequent clinical disease course. Thirty-two patients with
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex: correlation between blood and tissue burden.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):942-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183633; Torriani FJ; Behling CA; McCutchan JA; Haubrich RH; Havlir DV; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA.; To determine the relationship between levels of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in blood and tissues, histopathologic examination and quantitative MAC cultures were done on blood samples and tissue samples of 7 organs at autopsy of 10 AIDS patients who had been treated for MAC bacteremia. Blood and tissue cultures w
The epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis within a sexually transmitted diseases core group.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):950-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183634; Brunham RC; Kimani J; Bwayo J; Maitha G; Maclean I; Yang C; Shen C; Roman S; Nagelkerke NJ; Cheang M; Plummer FA; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba,; Winnipeg, Canada.; Female sex workers in Nairobi were prospectively evaluated for risk factors of incident Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Independent risk factors included cervical ectopy (P=.007), gonococcal infection (P=.002), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity (P=.003), HIV seroconversion (P=.001), and duration of pr
Successful chemotherapy in experimental leishmaniasis is influenced by the polarity of the T cell response before treatment.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):979-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183638; Nabors GS; Farrell JP; Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, School of; Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.; Little is known about the influence of host factors on successful chemotherapy in leishmaniasis. Although successfully treated patients will convert from a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)-negative to a DTH-positive state, the importance of the immune status of the host before treatment remains largely unexplored.
Susceptibility of human cytomegalovirus to cidofovir is unchanged after limited in vivo exposure to various regimens of drug.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):987-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183639; Cherrington JM; Miner R; Hitchcock MJ; Lalezari JP; Drew WL; Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA.; Cidofovir [1-[(S)-3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine] susceptibility among 29 paired pre- and post-cidofovir exposure isolates from 22 patients enrolled in phase I/II clinical trial, GS-92-101, was determined. This trial was designed to evaluate the safety and antiviral effects of cidofovir in patients with
Hepatitis in used syringes: the limits of sensitivity of techniques to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA, and antibodies to HBV core and HCV antigens.: J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):997-1000. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183641; Heimer R; Khoshnood K; Jariwala-Freeman B; Duncan B; Harima Y; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.; Hepatitis virus infections are common among injecting drug users. Syringes containing hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); syringes containing antibodies to HBV core antigen and HCV were identified by EIA. Syringe use was simulated to determine
Dendritic cells and the replication of HIV-1.: J Leukoc Biol. 1996 Feb;59(2):158-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188765; Cameron P; Pope M; Granelli-Piperno A; Steinman RM; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller; University, New York, USA.; Dendritic cells (DCs) are a distinct lineage of white cells that arise from CD34+ progenitors in the bone marrow. DCs exhibit many specializations that lead to efficient antigen capture and presentation to T cells, both CD4+ helpers and CD8+ killers. In several human tissues, DCs express the CD4 receptor for HIV-1. So
Within the spectral forms of leprosy cellbound CD30 cannot be regarded as an operational marker for the Th-2-like reaction [letter]: J Leukoc Biol. 1996 Feb;59(2):311. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188782; Seitzer U; Flad HD; Gerdes J
Adenovirus masquerading as microsporidia.: J Parasitol. 1996 Apr;82(2):316-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185776; Visvesvara GS; Leitch GJ; Wallace S; Seaba C; Erdman D; Ewing EP Jr; National Center for Infectious Diseases, U.S. Department of; Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.; Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidian that causes a severe, debilitating, chronic diarrhea in some patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Specific diagnosis of E. bieneusi currently requires an invasive biopsy procedure and time-consuming preparation of specimens for electron microscopy. Our attem
Nucleosomal arrangement of HIV-1 DNA: maps generated from an integrated genome and an EBV-based episomal model.: J Mol Biol. 1996 Mar 1;256(3):503-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177757; Stanfield-Oakley SA; Griffith JD; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North; Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA.; ACH-2 cells, an immortalized human T-cell line, contain a single integrated copy of the HIV-1 provirus. Here, the structure of HIV-1 chromatin was probed using a DNA cleavage reagent. Nuclei were isolated from ACH-2 cells and treated with methidiumpropyl-EDTA (MPE)-iron(II) to produce limited DNA cleavage. Primers wer
Fighting infectious disease threats via research: a talk with Anthony S. Fauci [interview]: JAMA. 1996 Jan 17;275(3):173-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190398; Fauci AS
Trends in infectious diseases mortality in the Unites States [see comments]: JAMA. 1996 Jan 17;275(3):189-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190413; Pinner RW; Teutsch SM; Simonsen L; Klug LA; Graber JM; Clarke MJ; Berkelman RL; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.; OBJECTIVE--To evaluate recent trends in infectious diseases mortality in the United States . DESIGN--Descriptive study of infectious disease mortality, classifying International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes as infectious diseases, consequence of infectious diseases,
Bacteremia with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Implications for therapy and prevention. Franklin County Pneumonia Study Group.: JAMA. 1996 Jan 17;275(3):194-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190414; Plouffe JF; Breiman RF; Facklam RR; Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Medical; Center, Columbus 43210, USA.; OBJECTIVE--To determine the incidence and mortality rates of patients with bacteremic infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae, and to determine the serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the pneumococcal isolates. DESIGN--Prospective case ascertainment and procurement of S pneumoniae isolates between January
The emerging genetic diversity of HIV. The importance of global surveillance for diagnostics, research, and prevention.: JAMA. 1996 Jan 17;275(3):210-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190417; Hu DJ; Dondero TJ; Rayfield MA; George JR; Schochetman G; Jaffe HW; Luo CC; Kalish ML; Weniger BG; Pau CP; Schable CA; Curran JW; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD,; and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.; The discovery of highly divergent strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) not reliably detected by a number of commonly used diagnostic tests has underscored the need for effective surveillance to track HIV variants and to direct research and prevention activities. Pathogens such as HIV that mutate extensively p
How HIV leads to autoimmune disorders.: Med J Aust. 1996 Feb 19;164(4):224-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182665; Gala S; Fulcher DA; Department of Clinical Immunology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney,; NSW.
How HIV leads to hypersensitivity reactions.: Med J Aust. 1996 Feb 19;164(4):227-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182666; Carr A; Garsia R; HIV Medicine Unit and Centre for Immunology, St Vincent's; Hospital, Sydney, NSW.
How HIV promotes malignancies.: Med J Aust. 1996 Feb 19;164(4):230-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182667; Boyle MJ; Goldstein DA; Frazer IH; Sculley TB; Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit, John Hunter Hospital,; Newcastle, NSW.
How HIV leads to neurological disease.: Med J Aust. 1996 Feb 19;164(4):233-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182668; Brew BJ; Wesselingh SL; Gonzales M; Heyes MP; Price RW; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; Sydney, NSW.
How psychosocial aspects of HIV infection can affect health.: Med J Aust. 1996 Feb 19;164(4):235-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182669; Ross MW; School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, USA.
U.S. Public Health Service guidelines for testing and counseling blood and plasma donors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antigen.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 Mar 1;45(RR-2):1-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197913; The Public Health Service (PHS) has recommended a multifaceted approach to blood safety in the United States that includes stringent donor selection practices and the use of screening tests. Blood donations in the United States have been screened for antibody to human immunodeficiency
Persistent lack of detectable HIV-1 antibody in a person with HIV infection--Utah, 1995.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 Mar 8;45(9):181-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195599; Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is diagnosed routinely by the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for HIV-1 antibody; a nonreactive blood sample is designated as negative without further testing. However, one limitation of this screening algorithm is that a blood sample may be obtained from a patient with recen
Interleukin-4 plays a dominant role in Th1- or Th2-like responses during the primary immune response to the hapten penicillin.: Mol Immunol. 1996 Jan;33(1):71-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96175000; Kerdine S; Lebrec H; Bertoglio J; Pallardy M; Laboratoire d'Immunotoxicologie, INSERM CJF 93-01, Paris, France.; Despite a large number of studies on the Thl/Th2 balance during immune response to pathogens or protein antigens, little is known concerning the early events which regulate Thl/Th2 differentiation following a single injection of haptenic compounds. In this work, we studied how two mouse strains with different MHC hapl
Immunohistological characteristics of periodontal lesions associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans infections.: Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1996 Feb;11(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195069; Wikstrom M; Wennstrom JL; Renvert S; Jonsson R; Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Odontology, Goteborg; University, Sweden.; In this study, various phenotypes of infiltrating cells in the periodontium adjacent to pockets harboring Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were evaluated. Furthermore, the pattern of class II antigen expression in the periodontal tissues was determined. Eight lesions were associated wi
Oral manifestiations of pediatric human immunodeficeincy virus infection: a review of the literature.: Pediatrics. 1996 Mar;97(3):380-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185471; Kline MW; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; 77030, USA.
Activation domains of transcription factors mediate replication dependent transcription from a minimal HIV-1 promoter.: Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 Feb 15;24(4):549-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177553; Williams RD; Lee BA; Jackson SP; Proudfoot NJ; Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford,; Oxford, UK.; Transcription from a minimal HIV-1 promoter containing the three Sp1 binding sites and TATA box can be activated without Tat by template DNA replication. Here we show that this activation can also be mediated by recombinant GAL4 fusion proteins containing the activation domains of Sp1, VP16 or CTF (or by full-length G
State of the art. Antiviral treatment of HIV infection.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):1-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96172037; Bechtel-Boenning C; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; Antiretroviral drugs have been the mainstay of treatment for HIV infection. New categories of antiretrovirals and recommendations for treatment have emerged as a result of basic science research, new understandings of the infectious process, and data from clinical studies. This article summarizes the currently availab
HIV infection in rural communities.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):107-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197616; Sowell RL; Christensen P; University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA.; HIV/AIDS is recognized as a growing problem in rural America. The community response model presented in this article provides a framework for developing a comprehensive approach to HIV/AIDS education and services. The model, while providing guidance in program development, allows for the adaptation of the model to add
HIV infection. Clinical research. Considerations for prospective participants.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):125-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197617; Hutchins SA; Eckes R; HIV Research Clinic, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; Many HIV-positive patients are involved in clinical trials. While working with the HIV-positive patient, the nurse is confronted with the challenge of a rapidly changing environment of collective knowledge. The nurse may meet a patient at any stage of drug or biologic development; therefore, it is very important to un
HIV infection. What nurses need to know. The consumer perspective.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):137-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197618; Schietinger H; Daniels EM; Offices of HIV/AIDS Policy and Public Health Science, Department; of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA.; In this article, the results are presented of interviews with people with HIV (consumers) about what their health care providers need to learn. Also emphasized in this article is the importance of incorporating the input of people with HIV at all levels of the health services system, the description of the AIDS Educat
Immune-based therapy for HIV.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):15-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197610; Engle J; HIV Research Clinic, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center,; National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C., USA.; Even if there were antiretrovirals developed that could completely eliminate HIV from the body, it is thought that immune-based therapy would still be necessary. Pervasive damage occurs in the immune system even in early stages of the disease, and this damage would not be corrected by antiretrovirals. Several differen
Overview of perinatally transmitted HIV infection.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):155-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197619; Boland M; School of Nursing, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New; Jersey, Newark, USA.; Over the past 12 years there have been many advances in the recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric AIDS as well as the unfolding of a pandemic that is a worldwide concern. Whereas in the United States 1100 cases of pediatric HIV and more than 6000 cases of pediatric AIDS ha
Looking toward the twenty-first century. The role of nursing research in care of children and families affected by HIV.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):165-78. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197620; Sherwen LN; Storm DS; Trenton State College, School of Nursing, Trenton, New Jersey,; USA.; Although there has been extensive research concerning pediatric infection and disease, most of this work has focused on medical and basic science issues. Additional research is needed to provide an empirical basis for nursing interventions. Nursing research can also contribute to the development of health care deliver
Ambulatory care of the HIV-infected child.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):179-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197621; O'Hara MJ; D'Orlando D; National Pediatric and Family HIV Resource Center, Newark, New; Jersey, USA.; This article addresses issues related to the detection of HIV infection in children, primary care guidelines and modifications, treatment of HIV-associated problems, and supportive therapies within the context of family-centered care. This article also addresses the ongoing medical care of HIV-infected children and th
Advanced HIV disease in children.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):207-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197622; Czarniecki L; Children's Hospital AIDS Program, United Health Care System,; Newark, New Jersey, USA.; Nurses in the Children s Hospital AIDS Program have cared for over 600 children with HIV/AIDS since the disease was first recognized in children. During that time, we have developed models of care and clinical interventions based on nursing theory and research findings whenever possible. The new challenges of this dis
Pediatric and family HIV. Psychosocial concerns across the continuum of disease.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):221-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197623; Lewis SL; Wesley Y; Haiken HJ; National Pediatric and Family HIV Resource Center, University of; Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School,; Newark, New Jersey, USA.; In this article, the authors examine the spectrum of HIV disease as it affects parents and their children from the initial diagnosis through the progression of the disease. The psychosocial factors affecting access to health care, family relationships, and issues of loss are focused on. Practitioner guidelines for ass
The child with HIV in day care and school.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):231-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197624; Gross EJ; Larkin MH; National Pediatric and Family HIV Resource Center, University of; Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School,; Newark, New Jersey, USA.; HIV-infected children attend day care programs and schools in communities throughout the United States . This article examines the care of these children in the school and child care environment. Legal issues of school access, confidentiality, and school policies are discussed. Specific
Perinatally transmitted HIV infection. Supporting the helpers.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):243-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197625; Burr CK; National Pediatric and Family HIV Resource Center, University of; Medicine and Dentistry-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New; Jersey, USA.; Nurses find that caring for clients with HIV disease can be exceptionally rewarding but can also be stressful and frustrating. Stressors in HIV work arise both from specific issues related to HIV and from more generic concerns arising from caring for clients with a chronic illness in an environment of limited resource
State of the science. HIV vaccine development.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):25-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197611; Grady C; Kelly G; National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; Developing a vaccine able to prevent HIV infection would be a great benefit to the world. Vaccines have contributed to substantially reduced morbidity and mortality from several important infectious diseases. However, HIV has some characteristics that distinguish it from many other viruses and make vaccine development
Application of laboratory diagnostics in HIV nursing.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):41-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197612; Barrick B; Vogel S; Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; The HIV epidemic has challenged nursing to rethink the tools it uses and to consider how traditional medical tools may be used in the assessment of nursing problems. This article presents information for the direct care nurse on laboratory tests and how they may be used to meet the traditional needs of physiologic ass
Depression and HIV. A nursing perspective on a complex relationship.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):57-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197613; McEnany GW; Hughes AM; Lee KA; Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of; California, San Francisco, USA.; This article (1) addresses current perspectives on depression as a psychobiologic condition, which in the case of major depression constitutes a bona fide disease state, (2) explores the complex relationship between HIV and depressive illness, and (3) addresses how this new knowledge serves to enhance nursing assessme
Challenges for the urban home health care provider. The New York City experience.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):81-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197614; Ungvarski PJ; Visiting Nurse Service of New York, New York, New York, USA.; This article describes the development and implementation of the AIDS home care program at the Visiting Nurse Service of New York (VNSNY). The challenges to VNSNY staff are diverse and include (1) dealing with staff who are infected or affected by HIV in their own families; (2) working with other community-based case
Women living with HIV infection.: Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;31(1):97-106. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197615; Abercrombie PD; Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of; California, San Francisco, USA.; The route of transmission, clinical manifestations, survival time, and the impact on reproductive health are just a few examples of how HIV affects women differently than men. In addition, there are many social factors that also have tremendous impact on the health of women with HIV. This article reviews many of the i
Common eye disorders: six patients to treat, pitfalls to avoid.: Postgrad Med. 1996 Apr;99(4):119-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182753; Weinstock FJ; Weinstock MB; Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown,; USA.; Primary care physicians have an important role in diagnosing and treating eye disorders--including dacryocystitis, blepharitis, and conjunctivitis--and in determining when ophthalmologic referral is needed. Fundus examination for diagnosis of glaucoma and diabetic eye complications should be a part of the routine exam
Options in the management of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and intolerance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.: South Med J. 1996 Mar;89(3):272-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185167; Korraa H; Saadeh C; Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health; Sciences Center, Amarillo, 79106, USA.; The increased resistance, intolerance, or allergy to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) has brought much attention to alternative treatment of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii (PCP). Pentamidine is considered when there is documented allergy or intolerance to TMP/SMX. Similarly, either dapsone/trimethopri
Acute retroviral disease masquerading as bacterial sepsis: the bands play on.: South Med J. 1996 Mar;89(3):354-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185186; Flemmer M; Oldfield EC 3rd; Melek BH; Department of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk,; VA 23507, USA.; We describe a case of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection that initially appeared to be bacterial sepsis. A marked increase in band forms was seen in the peripheral blood of our patient, with no increase in atypical lymphocytes. Having reviewed the most recent literature, we find this to be common, particular
The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS): rationale and methods.: Transfusion. 1995 Nov-Dec;35(11):944-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96110900; Zuck TF; Thomson RA; Schreiber GB; Gilcher RO; Kleinman SH; Murphy EL; Ownby HE; Williams AE; Busch MP; Smith JW; et al; Hoxworth Blood Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Antigen testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the magnet effect: will the benefit of a new HIV test be offset by the numbers of higher risk, test-seeking donors attracted to blood centers? Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study.: Transfusion. 1996 Mar;36(3):203-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182135; Korelitz JJ; Busch MP; Williams AE; Westat, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA.; BACKGROUND: There currently is debate on whether to include new assays for viral antigens and nucleic acids in the battery of screening tests applied to all blood donations. Proposals call for implementation of p24 antigen screening tests to help identify donors who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus type
Relationship between antibody to hepatitis B core antigen and retroviral infections in blood from volunteer donors.: Transfusion. 1996 Mar;36(3):232-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182141; Korelitz JJ; Busch MP; Kleinman SH; Williams AE; Zuck TF; Gilcher RO; Ownby HE; Co Chien H; Nemo GJ; Westat, Inc., Rockville, Maryland, USA.; BACKGROUND: The value of the test for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) as a surrogate screening assay in the time before sensitive, virus-specific screening tests were available has been well established. There is significant debate, however about the residual value of anti-HBc screening after the imple
Parvovirus B19 infection in patients with hemophilia.: Transfusion. 1996 Mar;36(3):238-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182142; Ragni MV; Koch WC; Jordan JA; Hemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania, University of; Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA.; BACKGROUND: The long-term consequences of parvovirus B19 infection in transfusion recipients are not known, and thus the value of B19 screening of blood donors remains unresolved. Hemophiliacs, at risk for B19