Identification of the envelope V3 loop as a determinant of a CD4-negative neuronal cell tropism for HIV-1. NLM AIDSLINE Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1996. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

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Identification of the envelope V3 loop as a determinant of a CD4-negative neuronal cell tropism for HIV-1.

Virology. 1996 Mar 15;217(2):613-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183386
Trujillo JR; Wang WK; Lee TH; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

Abstract: Some neuronal-derived CD4-negative cells are susceptible to infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Galactosyl ceramide is an alternate receptor for HIV-1 that appears to bind in vitro to the C2, V3, V4, and V5 regions of gp120. Amino acid variation in the V3 loop of HIV-1 affects cellular tropism in CD4-positive cells, but its effect on CD4-negative cells has not been fully analyzed. Here, we describe the effect of amino acid changes in V3 on the HIV-1 infection of a CD4-negative neuronal cell line, SK-N-MC. The sequence of the V3 domain was found to dramatically alter virus infectivity. Furthermore, a gp120 V3 loop neutralizing monoclonal antibody blocked HIV-1 infection of SK-N-MC cells. This data suggests that V3 may also serve as a primary viral determinant for infectivity of CD4-negative cells.
Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence Antigens, CD4/ANALYSIS Binding, Competitive Cell Line Galactosylceramides/METABOLISM Human HIV Envelope Protein gp120/*CHEMISTRY HIV Infections/*MICROBIOLOGY/PATHOLOGY HIV-1/*GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT Molecular Sequence Data Neurons/*MICROBIOLOGY Receptors, Virus/*CHEMISTRY Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. JOURNAL ARTICLEKWDaminoacidsequenceantigens,cd4/analysisbinding,competitivecelllinegalactosylceramides/metabolismhumanhivenvelopeproteingp120/KWDchemistryhivinfections/KWDmicrobiology/pathologyhiv-1/KWDgrowth&developmentmolecularsequencedataneurons/KWDmicrobiologyreceptors,virus/KWDchemistrysupport,uKWDsKWDgov't,pKWDhKWDsKWDjournalarticle
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Copyright © 1996 - National Library of Medicine. Reproduced under license with the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.

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