Inhibition of HIV-1 in cell culture by synthetic humate analogues derived from hydroquinone: mechanism of inhibition.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1996. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Inhibition of HIV-1 in cell culture by synthetic humate analogues derived from hydroquinone: mechanism of inhibition.

Virology. 1996 Apr 15;218(2):389-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193751
Schneider J; Weis R; Manner C; Kary B; Werner A; Seubert BJ; Riede UN; Abteilung Virologie, Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie und; Hygiene der Universitat, Freiburg, Germany.

Abstract: Humic acids are natural constituents of soil and ground water and mainly consist of mixtures of polycyclic phenolic compounds. A similar complex of compounds with a mean size of about 1000 Da, designated HS-1500, was synthesized by oxidation of hydroquinone. HS-1500 inhibited HIV-1 infection of MT-2 cells with an IC50 of 50-300 ng/ml and showed a mean cell toxicity of about 600 micrograms/ml. Inhibition of HIV-induced syncytium formation was observed at 10-50 micrograms/ml. Treatment of free and cell-attached HIV with HS-1500 irreversibly reduced its infectivity, whereas the susceptibility of target cells for the virus was not impaired by treatment prior to infection. The HIV envelope protein gp120SU bound to sepharose-coupled HS-1500 and could be eluted by high salt and detergent. HS-1500 interfered with the CD4-induced proteolytic cleavage of the V3 loop of virion gp120SU. Furthermore, binding of V3 loop-specific antibodies was irreversibly inhibited, whereas binding of soluble CD4 to gp120SU on virus and infected cells was not affected. In conclusion, our data suggest, that the synthetic humic acid analogue inhibits the infectivity of HIV particles by interference with a V3 loop-mediated step of virus entry.

Keywords: Antigens, CD4/METABOLISM Antiviral Agents/CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS/METABOLISM/*PHARMACOLOGY/ TOXICITY Cell Fusion/DRUG EFFECTS Cell Line Hela Cells Human Hydroquinones/METABOLISM Hydroxybenzoic Acids/CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS/METABOLISM/*PHARMACOLOGY/ TOXICITY HIV Envelope Protein gp120/METABOLISM HIV-1/*DRUG EFFECTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT Oxidation-Reduction Peptide Fragments/METABOLISM Recombinant Proteins/METABOLISM Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Virion/METABOLISM JOURNAL ARTICLE
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M9681128

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