1996

Water-soluble block polycations as carriers for oligonucleotide delivery.: Bioconjug Chem. 1995 Nov-Dec;6(6):639-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96167451; Kabanov AV; Vinogradov SV; Suzdaltseva YG; Alakhov VYu; Moscow Institute of Biotechnology, Inc., Faculty of Chemistry,; Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, Russia.; Water-soluble, block copolymeric carriers consisting of polyoxyethylene (PEO) and polyspermine (PS) chains have been developed for the delivery of antisense oligonucleotides (oligo) into the target cells. These copolymers spontaneously form complexes with oligos in aqueous solutions. The PS block electrostatically bin
The role of granzyme B in murine models of acute graft-versus-host disease and graft rejection.: Blood. 1996 Feb 15;87(4):1232-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190035; Graubert TA; Russell JH; Ley TJ; Department of Internal Medicine and Genetics, Washington; University Medical School, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.; A complete molecular description of the syndromes of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft rejection could have a significant impact on clinical bone marrow transplantation. Recent in vitro experiments (Heusel et al, Cell 76:977, 1994 and Shresta et al, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:5679, 1995) have shown that the pu
Phase I trial of interleukin-2 after unmodified HLA-matched sibling bone marrow transplantation for children with acute leukemia.: Blood. 1996 Feb 15;87(4):1249-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190038; Robinson N; Sanders JE; Benyunes MC; Beach K; Lindgren C; Thompson JA; Appelbaum FR; Fefer A; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.; Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for advanced acute leukemia is associated with a high risk of relapse. It is postulated that interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) administered after BMT might induce or amplify a graft-versus-leukemia effect and thereby reduce the relapse r
Development of human megakaryocytes: I. Hematopoietic progenitors (CD34+ bone marrow cells) are enriched with megakaryocytes expressing CD4.: Blood. 1996 Feb 15;87(4):1353-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190050; Dolzhanskiy A; Basch RS; Karpatkin S; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New; York 10016, USA.; CD34 is expressed by essentially all human hematopoietic progenitors including cells of the megakaryocyte (MK) lineage. We have previously reported CD4 expression by some human MK (Blood 81:2,664, 1993). To study the role of maturation on CD4 expression by MK, we examined CD34+ bone marrow cells for their expression o
Common Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type-1 variant strains in both malignant and benign EBV-associated disorders.: Blood. 1996 Feb 15;87(4):1579-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190076; Schuster V; Ott G; Seidenspinner S; Kreth HW; Children's Hospital, University of Wurzburg, Germany.; In the present study, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) isolates from 18 malignant tumors (angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy [AILD], n = 4; Hodgkin s disease [HD], n = 3; pleomorphic T-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphoma [T-NHL], n = 1; B-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphoma [B-NHL], n = 8; gastric carcino
AIDS now more chronic than fatal [news]: BMJ. 1996 Mar 30;312(7034):796-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211126; Roberts J
AIDS associated with blood transfusion and haemophilia in Europe [letter; comment]: BMJ. 1996 Mar 30;312(7034):847-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180816; Hamers F
Analysis of cell types and mediator production from tissues around loosening joint implants.: Br J Rheumatol. 1995 Dec;34(12):1127-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188789; Perry MJ; Mortuza FY; Ponsford FM; Elson CJ; Atkins RM; Departments of Pathology, University of Bristol, UK.; Quantitative immunophenotypic analysis of cell types present in peri-prosthetic tissue [pseudosynovial membrane (PSM)] from aseptically loose joint implants revealed considerable heterogeneity between tissues from different individuals. The monocyte/macrophage was the commonest leucocyte type; however, its proportion
Role of surfactant protein A in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis in subjects with human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Proc Assoc Am Physicians. 1995 Oct;107(3):340-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187439; Martin WJ 2nd; Downing JF; Williams MD; Pasula R; Twigg HL 3rd; Wright JR; Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of; Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects are at increased risk for tuberculosis even before there is a significant loss of CD4 lymphocytes. A factor was found to be present in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of HIV-infected subjects that promoted the attachment of M. tuberculosis (MTB) organisms to alveol
The interactions with Ro60 and La differentially affect nuclear export of hY1 RNA.: RNA. 1996 Mar;2(3):264-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196014; Simons FH; Rutjes SA; van Venrooij WJ; Pruijn GJ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, The; Netherlands.; Ro RNPs are evolutionarily conserved ribonucleoprotein particles that consist of a small RNA, known as Y RNA, associated with several proteins, such as La, Ro60, and Ro52. The Y RNAs (Y1-Y5), which are transcribed by RNA polymerase III, have been shown to reside almost exclusively in the cytoplasm as Ro RNPs. To obtai
A familial T-cell lymphoma with gamma delta phenotype and an original location. Possible role of chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection.: Cancer. 1996 Apr 15;77(8):1571-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197464; Donadieu J; Canioni D; Cuenod B; Fraitag S; Bodemer C; Stephan JL; Sigaux F; Le Deist F; Schraub S; Ranfraing E; Griscelli C; Brousse N; Unite d'Immuno-Hematologie Pediatrique, Hopital Necker Enfants; Malades, Paris, France.; BACKGROUND. We describe a familial lymphoproliferative syndrome associated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection and the gamma delta phenotype. METHODS. We reviewed clinical, pathologic, immunologic, and virologic findings in a nonconsanguineous French family, collected over a 13-year period. Specimens from the fath
Natural Killer (NK) cell deficiency associated with an epitope-deficient Fc receptor type IIIA (CD16-II).: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Mar;103(3):408-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188952; Jawahar S; Moody C; Chan M; Finberg R; Geha R; Chatila T; Division of Immunology, The Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Susceptibility to herpes virus infections has been described in experimental animals depleted of NK cells and in patients with defective NK cell function. We have identified a child with recurrent infections, especially with herpes simplex virus, who had a decreased number of CD56(+)CD3(-) NK cells in circulation. Her
Selected Th1 and Th2 cytokine mRNA expression by CD4(+) T cells isolated from inflamed human gingival tissues.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Mar;103(3):422-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188954; Fujihashi K; Yamamoto M; Hiroi T; Bamberg TV; McGhee JR; Kiyono H; Department of Oral Biology, The University of Alabama at; Birmingham, USA.; Elevated numbers of plasma cells are associated with localized and chronically inflamed gingiva of patients with adult periodontitis. However, only limited information is currently available as to how cytokines produced by CD4(+) T cells are involved in these increased B cell responses in affected gingival tissues. Wh
Prednisone increases apoptosis in in vitro activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Mar;103(3):482-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188963; Lanza L; Scudeletti M; Puppo F; Bosco O; Peirano L; Filaci G; Fecarotta E; Vidali G; Indiveri F; Department of Internal Medicine (DI.M.I.), University of Genoa,; Italy.; Glucocorticoid hormones (GCH) regulate, through the apoptotic process, the negative selection of immature T cells in the thymus. Because apoptosis seems to occur also in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance, we have investigated whether GCH may induce apoptosis in human mature lymphocytes. Peripheral blood lymphocy
Production of IL-6 by T cells from the femoral head of patients with rapidly destructive coxopathy (RDC).: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Mar;103(3):506-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188966; Tamai M; Sagawa K; Kawabata R; Inoue A; Itoh K; Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine,; Fukuoka, Japan.; RDC is a syndrome with unknown etiology that causes rapid destruction of a hip joint. We have investigated the production of osteoclast-activating cytokines (IL-6, IL-1alpha and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-8 by T cells in the affected joint. The level of IL-6 produced
Cytotoxic T cell effector and memory function in viral immunity.: Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1996;206:1-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195862; Doherty PC; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Transgenic models of HTLV-I mediated disease and latency.: Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1996;206:175-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195871; Nerenberg M; Xu X; Brown DA; Department of Neuropharmacology and Molecular and Experimental; Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Transgenic models of human immunodeficiency virus type-1.: Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1996;206:197-222. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195872; Klotman PE; Notkins AL; Mount Sinai Medical Center, Division of Nephrology, New York, NY; 10029, USA.; Transgenic models have provided significant insights into HIV-1 pathogenesis, particularly with regards to Kaposi s sarcoma. HIV-associated nephropathy, the tissue-restricted expression of CNS strains of HIV-1, and the function of Nef in vivo. Both multigenic and single gene constructs have contributed to our understa
Transgenic models in the study of AIDS dementia complex.: Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1996;206:223-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195873; Toggas SM; Mucke L; Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Constitutive expression of various chemokine genes in human T-cell lines infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1: role of the viral transactivator Tax.: Int J Cancer. 1996 Mar 28;66(1):124-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183757; Baba M; Imai T; Yoshida T; Yoshie O; Shionogi Institute for Medical Science, Osaka, Japan.; We examined the genetic expression of 2 CXC chemokines (IL-8, IP-10), 5 CC chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-lalpha, MIP-1beta, RANTES, 1309) and 1 C chemokine (SCM-1/lymphotactin/ATAC) in various human T-cell lines. By Northern blot analysis, HTLV-1-positive T-cell lines were found to express a number of chemokine genes at vari
Detection of human T-lymphotropic virus type-I DNA and mRNA in the lymph nodes; using polymerase chain reaction in situ hybridization (PCR/ISH) and reverse transcription (RT-PCR/ISH).: Int J Cancer. 1996 Mar 28;66(1):18-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183740; Ohshima K; Suzumiya J; Izumo S; Mukai Y; Tashiro K; Kikuchi M; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University,; Japan.; To examine the relationship between human T-lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA and its expression in the lymph nodes, HTLV-I DNA and tax/rex mRDA were directly amplified by polymerase chain reaction in situ hybridization (PCR/ISH), and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR/ISH [RT-PCR/ISH]. We studied 24 lymph
Cancer in Rwanda.: Int J Cancer. 1996 Mar 28;66(1):75-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183750; Newton R; Ngilimana PJ; Grulich A; Beral V; Sindikubwabo B; Nganyira A; Parkin DM; ICRF Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK.; Data are presented on the frequency of malignant tumours registered at the population-based cancer registry in the southern prefecture of Butare, Rwanda , from May 1991 until 2 months before the outbreak of civil war in April 1994. Beginning in 1992, subjects were also interviewed a
ICN calls for HIV/AIDS protection for nurses/midwives [news]: Int Nurs Rev. 1995 Nov-Dec;42(6):168-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192651
ICN statement on impact of HIV/AIDS on nursing/midwifery personnel [news]: Int Nurs Rev. 1995 Nov-Dec;42(6):168-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192652
Update on AIDS pandemic [news]: Int Nurs Rev. 1995 Nov-Dec;42(6):169. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192653
Health professionals and HIV [news]: Hastings Cent Rep. 1995 Nov-Dec;25(6):48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192625; Moskawitz E
Human T-lymphotropic virus type II in Japan.: Jpn J Cancer Res. 1996 Jan;87(1):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195784; Yoshizaki H; Kitamura K; Oki A; Yahara S; Yamanaka R; Fukushima Y; Komuro K; Yamazaki S; Honda M; Laboratory of Immunology, AIDS Research Center, National; Institute of Health, Tokyo.; Serum specimens were assayed for human T-lymphotropic virus type II(HTLV-II) infection in 1,500 individuals known to be seropositive for HTLV-I and 30,000 blood donors in Japan . All HTLV-I-positive individuals were negative for HTLV-II. However, one of the blood donors was clearly s
New bellenamine homologs inhibiting human immunodeficiency virus type I infectivity.: J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1996 Jan;49(1):113-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180363; Kondo S; Ikeda Y; Takeuchi T; Shinei R; Gomi S; Shibahara S; Haraguchi Y; Ikeda R; Hoshino H; Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan.
Novel spirodihydrobenzofuranlactams as antagonists of endothelin and as inhibitors of HIV-1 protease produced by Stachybotrys Sp. I. Fermentation, isolation and biological activity.: J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1996 Jan;49(1):13-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180343; Roggo BE; Petersen F; Sills M; Roesel JL; Moerker T; Peter HH; Core Drug Discovery Technologies, Pharmaceutical Division,; Ciba-Geigy Limited, Basel, Switzerland.; Six novel spirodihydrobenzofuranlactams I - VI (1 - 6) and a related spirodihydrobenzofuranalcohol, the previously described natural compound L-671,776 (7), were isolated from cultures of two different Stachybotrys species. These secondary metabolites showed antagonistic effects in the endothelin receptor binding assa
A young man with an illness mimicking HIV infection.: Hosp Pract (Off Ed). 1996 Apr 15;31(4):190-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185948; McDonald E; Marino C; Department of Medicine, St. John's Queens Hospital, Catholic; Medical Center of Brooklyn and Queens, Jamaica, N.Y., USA.
Hyperglycemia in an AIDS patient taking megestrol.: Hosp Pract (Off Ed). 1996 Apr 15;31(4):27-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185937; Pimentel G; Santos E; Arastu M; Cowan JA; St. Luke's Hospital, Bethlehem, Pa., USA.
Patterns and predictability in emerging infections.: Hosp Pract (Off Ed). 1996 Apr 15;31(4):85-91, 96-101, 104 passim. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185942; Morse SS; Rockefeller University, New York, N.Y., USA.; Many seemingly novel infections have a long history as zoonoses, and perhaps in sporadic human hosts; they gain access to new host populations through ecologic changes and human activity. identification of patterns in the emergence of such illnesses--ranging from influenza and Lyme disease to Ebola fever and AIDS--sug
Polymerase chain reaction method for determining ratios of human immunodeficiency virus proviral DNA to cellular genomic DNA in brain tissues of HIV-infected patients.: J Virol Methods. 1995 Nov;55(3):309-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187322; Fujimura RK; Bockstahler LE; Molecular Biology Branch, Food and Drug Administration,; Rockville, MD 20857, USA.; A PCR method was developed to compare HIV-1 DNA loads in brain tissue samples. The method determines the ratio of the amplified product of an HIV DNA sequence to that of a host cellular DNA sequence using standard DNAs as reference. The standards include DNA from a line of human cells that harbor one HIV-1 provirus pe
Poly A-linked non-isotopic microtiter plate reverse transcriptase assay for sensitive detection of clinical human immunodeficiency virus isolates.: J Virol Methods. 1995 Nov;55(3):347-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187325; Suzuki K; Saito T; Kondo M; Osanai M; Watanabe S; Kano T; Kano K; Imai M; Biomedical Research Center, Olympus Optical Co. Ltd., Tokyo,; Japan.; A colorimetric reverse transcriptase assay (cRT assay) was developed for quantitative detection of HIV-1. In this format, reverse transcriptase incorporates biotin-labeled dUTP onto oligo-dT primers hybridized to poly A templates. The templates are covalently bound to the surface of microtiter wells. The amount of inc
Detection of southern African human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes by polymerase chain reaction: evaluation of different primer pairs and conditions.: J Virol Methods. 1995 Nov;55(3):391-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187329; Engelbrecht S; van Rensburg EJ; Department of Medical Virology, University of Stellenbosch,; Tygerberg, South Africa.; The purpose of the study was to develop a specific and sensitive PCR protocol using env, gag and LTR primer pairs to detect HIV-1 subtypes present in the Western Cape, South Africa . Twenty-two virus strains, belonging to HIV-1 subtypes B, C and D, were randomly selected for PCR ev
Dysregulation of signal transduction pathways as a potential mechanism of nervous system alterations in HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mice and humans with HIV-1 encephalitis.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Feb 1;97(3):789-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96189959; Wyss-Coray T; Masliah E; Toggas SM; Rockenstein EM; Brooker MJ; Lee HS; Mucke L; Gladstone Molecular Neurobiology Program, University of; California, San Francisco 94141-9100, USA.; HIV-1 associated central nervous system (CNS) disease involves neuronal damage and prominent reactive astrocytosis, the latter characterized by strong upregulation of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes. Similar alterations are found in transgenic mice expressing the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 i
Antibodies to a conserved region of HLA class I molecules, capable of modulating CD8 T cell-mediated function, are present in pooled normal immunoglobulin for therapeutic use.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Feb 1;97(3):865-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96189969; Kaveri S; Vassilev T; Hurez V; Lengagne R; Lefranc C; Cot S; Pouletty P; Glotz D; Kazatchkine MD; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U430,; Hopital Broussais, Paris, France.; Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is increasingly used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and the prevention of infections and of graft versus host reactions in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplants. The immunomodulatory effects of IVIg are largely dependent on their ability to interact with membrane
Worldly and workday worries: contemporary concerns of children and young adolescents.: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1995 Dec;23(6):685-702. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192672; Henker B; Whalen CK; O'Neil R; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles; 90095-1563, USA.; Top-of-the-head worries were elicited young people, grade 4 to 8, both before and after they completed quantitative risk assessments of specific health and environmental problems. Results revealed that many students carry a substantial worry burden that includes not only personal matters such as grades and social rela
Dental management of the HIV-infected patient.: J Am Dent Assoc. 1995 Dec;Suppl:1-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193435
Vitamin A down-regulation of IFN-gamma synthesis in cloned mouse Th1 lymphocytes depends on the CD28 costimulatory pathway.: J Immunol. 1996 Apr 15;156(8):2674-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183217; Cantorna MT; Nashold FE; Chun TY; Hayes CE; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI; 53706, USA.; Some infections deplete serum retinol, low retinol reduces immunity, and reduced immunity establishes susceptibility to further infection in a cyclical relationship that is poorly understood. We showed that when retinol was low, there was excessive Th1 cell IFN-gamma synthesis and inadequate Th2 cell IL-4 and IL-5 syn
Mice lacking the IFN-gamma receptor have impaired ability to resolve a lung eosinophilic inflammatory response associated with a prolonged capacity of T cells to exhibit a Th2 cytokine profile.: J Immunol. 1996 Apr 15;156(8):2680-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183218; Coyle AJ; Tsuyuki S; Bertrand C; Huang S; Aguet M; Alkan SS; Anderson GP; Department of Allergy and Asthma Research, CIBA-GEIGY Ltd.,; Basel, Switzerland.; To investigate the modulatory role of IFN-gamma on the induction and maintenance of Th2 mucosal immunity in vivo, experiments were performed in mice lacking the IFN-gamma R. Aerosol OVA challenge of immunized wild-type mice resulted in an infiltration of eosinophils into the lung, associated with the ex vivo productio
Development of CD8 alpha alpha+ intestinal intraepithelial T cells in beta 2-microglobulin- and/or TAP1-deficient mice.: J Immunol. 1996 Apr 15;156(8):2710-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183222; Fujiura Y; Kawaguchi M; Kondo Y; Obana S; Yamamoto H; Nanno M; Ishikawa H; Department of Microbiology, Keio University School of Medicine,; Tokyo, Japan.; The development of CD8+ intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocytes (IEL) was analyzed in mice that are deficient in the expression of MHC class I molecules, owing to either a mutated beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) gene or a mutated transporter associated with Ag processing 1 (TAP1) gene, and in mice doubly homozygous fo
Regulation of CTL by ecto-nictinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) involves ADP-ribosylation of a p56lck-associated protein.: J Immunol. 1996 Apr 15;156(8):2819-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183236; Wang J; Nemoto E; Dennert G; Department of Molecular Immunology, University of Southern; California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.; Receptor-mediated activation of T lymphocytes involves protein phosphorylation by several protein tyrosine kinases, among those the src-related enzymes p56lck and p59fyn. Accumulating evidence supports the notion that these enzymes are regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, but much is yet to be
A common TCR beta-chain expressed by CD8+ intestinal mucosa T cells in ulcerative colitis.: J Immunol. 1996 Apr 15;156(8):3024-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183261; Chott A; Probert CS; Gross GG; Blumberg RS; Balk SP; Hematology-Oncology Division, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA; 02215, USA.; The human intestine contains two populations of anatomically distinct T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs), both of which preferentially use the TCR-alpha beta. Recent studies of TCR alpha- and beta-chain usage by intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, which are predominantly CD8
Concurrent evolution of regions of the envelope and polymerase genes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 during zidovudine (AZT) therapy.: J Gen Virol. 1996 May;77 ( Pt 5):1071-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U45421; Sheehy N; Desselberger U; Whitwell H; Ball JK; Regional Virus and Public Health Laboratory, Birmingham; Heartlands Hospital, UK.; Nucleotide sequences of regions of the envelope (env) and polymerase (pol) genes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA were obtained from sequential blood and autopsy samples from an AIDS patient who had been treated with zidovudine for 9 months. Phylogenetic analyses showed that a reduction in g
An additional mechanism of growth restriction in T cell line H9 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from asymptomatic homosexual men.: J Gen Virol. 1996 May;77 ( Pt 5):1083-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201456; Balachandran R; Singh MK; Gupta P; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate; School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.; The replicative properties of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from asymptomatic carriers (asymptomatic isolates) and AIDS patients (AIDS isolates) were examined in the human T lymphocyte cell line H9. In agreement with earlier reports the replication of asymptomatic isolates was restricted whereas
The presence of a divergent T-lymphotropic virus in a wild-caught pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) supports an African origin for the human T-lymphotropic/simian T-lymphotropic group of viruses.: J Gen Virol. 1996 May;77 ( Pt 5):1089-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/X83120; Vandamme AM; Liu HF; Van Brussel M; De Meurichy W; Desmyter J; Goubau P; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium.; We isolated a divergent simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV) (strain PP1664) from a wild-caught African bonobo (pygmy chimpanzee, Pan paniscus). Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of this virus show that it reliably separates from the two well-established primate T-lymphotropic virus types, HTLV-I/STLV-I (PTLV-
Staphylococcus aureus colonisation and bacteraemia in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a dynamic interaction with the host.: J Chemother. 1995 Jul;7 Suppl 3:19-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192761; Craven DE; Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine,; Boston City Hospital, MA 02118, USA.; Bacterial infections are common in persons with symptomatic disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Colonisation and infection with Staphylococcus aureus is present in 30% to 50% of persons with HIV disease. Risk factors for bacteraemia due to S. aureus include nasal colonisation, advanced HIV disease wi
Sexual sensation seeking and Sexual Compulsivity Scales: reliability, validity, and predicting HIV risk behavior.: J Pers Assess. 1995 Dec;65(3):586-601. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191189; Kalichman SC; Rompa D; Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of; Wisconsin, USA.; Two studies are presented that evaluate newly developed scales of sensation seeking and sexual compulsivity. Results showed that the scales were reliable and correlated with convergent and divergent measures in expected directions in samples of both gay men (N = 296) and inner city low-income men and women (N = 158).
Affinity maturation of a high-affinity human monoclonal antibody against the third hypervariable loop of human immunodeficiency virus: use of phage display to improve affinity and broaden strain reactivity.: J Mol Biol. 1996 Feb 16;256(1):77-88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190953; Thompson J; Pope T; Tung JS; Chan C; Hollis G; Mark G; Johnson KS; Cambridge Antibody Technology Ltd, Melbourn Cambridgeshire, UK.; The present study set out to investigate whether phage display could be used to improve the properties of a high-affinity human monoclonal antibody directed against the third hypervariable loop (V3 loop) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The aim was to increase affinity through slowing the dissociation rate (off-
Interactions of INS (CRS) elements and the splicing machinery regulate the production of Rev-responsive mRNAs.: J Mol Biol. 1996 Mar 29;257(2):246-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180013; Mikaelian I; Krieg M; Gait MJ; Karn J; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.; The human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV-1) Rev protein stimulates the export to the cytoplasm of unspliced HIV-1 mRNAs carrying the Rev response element (RRE). However, simple addition of the RRE to beta-globin pre-mRNA does not confer a Rev response on this heterologous transcript. In this paper, we demonstrate th
AIDS malignancy research gets a home at NCI [news]: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996 Mar 20;88(6):320-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194356; McNeil C
AIDS malignancy consortium plans first clinical trials.[news]: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996 Mar 20;88(6):321. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194357; McNeil C
Presence of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus in some stocks of the human HBL-100 mammary epithelial cell line.: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996 Mar 20;88(6):372-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194364; Robert-Guroff M; Stern TL; Richardson ES; Giovanella BC; Michaels FH; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892-4255, USA.
In vitro infection of leukemic bone marrow with HTLV-I generates immortalized cell lines expressing T or myeloid cell phenotype.: Leukemia. 1995 Dec;9(12):2071-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96112599; Giuliani A; Vernole P; D'Atri S; Del Poeta G; D'Onofrio C; Faraoni I; Greiner JW; Bonmassar E; Graziani G; Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Council of Research; CNR, Rome, Italy.; Leukemic bone marrow cells ( > 90% blasts) of a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), non-treated or pretreated in vitro with a mutagenic triazene compound, were infected with HTLV-I by coculture with irradiated virus-donor cells. Immortalized, HTLV-I+, double-positive CD4/CD8 euploid T cell lines, expressin
Functional inactivation of wild-type p53 protein correlates with loss of IL-2 dependence in HTLV-I transformed human T lymphocytes.: Leukemia. 1995 Dec;9(12):2082-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96112600; Gartenhaus RB; Wang P; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Long Island Jewish Medical; Center, NY, USA.; Human T cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I), the etiologic agent of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) transforms human T cells in vitro and in vivo. Tax, the major transactivator of HTLV-I is critical for the initial events involved in transformation, however, the later steps required for progression from an
Lack of evidence of HTLV-I/II infection in T CD8 malignant or reactive lymphoproliferative disorders in France: a serological and/or molecular study of 169 cases.: Leukemia. 1995 Dec;9(12):2087-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96112601; Fouchard N; Flageul B; Bagot M; Avril MF; Hermine O; Sigaux F; Merle-Beral H; Troussard X; Delfraissy JF; de The G; et al; Unite d'Epidemiologie des Virus Oncogenes, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.; Human T lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II), originally isolated in 1982 from a patient with a T hairy cell leukemia, has not yet been proven to be the causative agent of any specific hematological disease. In order to screen for such an event, and because HTLV-II has a preferential tropism for OKT8 (CD8) T cells (bo
Trial results thwart HIV-vaccine hopes [news]: Lancet. 1996 Apr 27;347(9009):1173. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198391; McCarthy M
India's railways relent over AIDS passengers [news]: Lancet. 1996 Apr 27;347(9009):1178. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198403; Kumar S
Revelations rock Canada's tainted-blood inquiry [news]: Lancet. 1996 Apr 27;347(9009):1178. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198401; Kondro W
HIV-induced neurological disease.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 1;164(7):414-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188814; Wright EJ; Brew BJ; Currie JN; McArthur JC; HIV/AIDS Unit, Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne VIC, Australia.
HIV and opportunistic neurological infections.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 1;164(7):418-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188815; Jones PD; Beaman MH; Brew BJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, Prince Henry Hospital, Sydney,; NSW, Australia.
HIV and psychiatric disorders.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 1;164(7):422-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188816; Buhrich N; Judd FK; Department of Psychiatric Services, St Vincent's Hospital,; Sydney, NSW, Australia.
HIV and respiratory disease.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 1;164(7):425-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188817; Smith AI; Pigott PC; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital,; Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Alterations in lymphocytes as a result of burns [letter]: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 1;164(7):445. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188824; O'Kane GM; Gottlieb T; Bradbury R; Kennedy P
Suspected ethambutol-induced mania [letter]: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 1;164(7):445-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188825; Pickles RW; Spelman DW
Cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS: current status [letter]: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 1;164(7):446. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188826; Nichols TT
AIDS associated with injecting-drug use--United States, 1995.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 May 17;45(19):392-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205847; Injecting-drug use is the second most frequently reported risk behavior for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As of December 31, 1995, of 513,486 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) reported to CDC, 184,359 (36%) were directly or indirectly associated with injecting-drug use. Injecting-
Effects of nucleotide analogues on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase.: Mol Pharmacol. 1996 Apr;49(4):621-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183084; Mazumder A; Neamati N; Sommadossi JP; Gosselin G; Schinazi RF; Imbach JL; Pommier Y; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; We extended our previous study with 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine nucleotides [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:5771-5775 (1994)] and examined the effects on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase of the nucleotides of three nucleoside analogues currently under evaluation in clinical trials: beta-D-2 ,3 -dide
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of sural nerve biopsies.: Muscle Nerve. 1996 Jun;19(6):722-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195499; Younger DS; Rosoklija G; Hays AP; Trojaborg W; Latov N; Department of Neurology, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center,; New York 10032, USA.; We performed quantitative immunohistochemical studies of sural nerve biopsy specimens from 20 patients to determine whether endoneurial and epineurial lymphocytic infiltration occurs in diabetic nerves. The diabetic nerves contained a mean of 129 CD3+ cells per tissue section compared to 19 cells in patients with chro
Antibodies to butyrate-inducible antigens of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in patients with HIV-1 infection.: N Engl J Med. 1996 May 16;334(20):1292-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200569; Miller G; Rigsby MO; Heston L; Grogan E; Sun R; Metroka C; Levy JA; Gao SJ; Chang Y; Moore P; Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, Conn 06520, USA.; BACKGROUND. The recent identification in patients with Kaposi s sarcoma of DNA sequences with homology to gammaherpesviruses has led to the hypothesis that a newly identified virus, Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpeslike virus (KSHV), has a role in the pathogenesis of Kaposi s sarcoma. We developed serologic markers f
Kaposi's sarcoma and herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in sensory ganglia [letter]: N Engl J Med. 1996 May 16;334(20):1341-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200590; Corbellino M; Parravicini C; Aubin JT; Berti E
AIDS office opposes outside planning [news]: Nature. 1996 May 2;381(6577):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196490; Wadman M
Recognizing and managing HIV infection in women [news]: Nurse Pract. 1995 Dec;20(12):52-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193058; Klaus BD
Cognitive impairment with HIV [letter]: Nurse Pract. 1995 Dec;20(12):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193049; Buck B
Universal precautions training of preclinical students: impact on knowledge, attitudes, and compliance.: Prev Med. 1995 Nov;24(6):580-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197576; Diekema DJ; Schuldt SS; Albanese MA; Doebbeling BN; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of; Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.; BACKGROUND: Little information exists regarding the impact of universal precautions training programs on preclinical students knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. METHODS: We developed, implemented, and assessed an educational program in universal precautions for 2nd-year medical and preclinical physician assistant st
Expression of a protective gene-prolongs survival of T cells in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):2889-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181502; Woffendin C; Ranga U; Yang Z; Xu L; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical; Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0650, USA.; The resistance of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to traditional drug therapy has prompted a search for alternative treatments for this disease. One potential approach is to provide genetic resistance to viral replication to prolong latency. This strategy requires the definition of effective antiviral genes
Interleukin (IL) 15/IL-T production by the adult T-cell leukemia cell line HuT-102 is associated with a human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I region /IL-15 fusion message that lacks many upstream AUGs that normally attenuates IL-15 mRNA translation.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):2897-902. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181504; Bamford RN; Battiata AP; Burton JD; Sharma H; Waldmann TA; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1374, USA.; We reported previously that the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated adult T-cell leukemia line HuT-102 produces a cytokine designated interleukin (IL) T that requires interleukin (IL) 2 receptor beta-subunit expression for its action. Using anti-cytokine antibodies, we demonstrated that IL-T is
Amphibian transcription factor IIIA proteins contain a sequence element functionally equivalent to the nuclear export signal of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):2936-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181511; Fridell RA; Fischer U; Luhrmann R; Meyer BE; Meinkoth JL; Malim MH; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, NC 27710, USA.; The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev protein is required for nuclear export of late HIV-1 mRNAs. This function is dependent on the mutationally defined Rev activation domain, which also forms a potent nuclear export signal. Transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA) binds to 5S rRNA transcripts and this interac
Intravenous injection of soluble antigen induces thymic and peripheral T-cells apoptosis.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):3031-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181528; Liblau RS; Tisch R; Shokat K; Yang X; Dumont N; Goodnow CC; McDevitt HO; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University; School of Medicine, CA 94305, USA.; The mechanism by which tolerance is induced via systemic administration of high doses of aqueous antigen has been analyzed by using mice transgenic for a T-cell receptor specific for the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) peptide comprising amino acids 126-138. After intravenous injection of 750 (but not 75) microgram
Crystal structures of the trimeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein: implications for membrane association and assembly.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):3099-104. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181540; Hill CP; Worthylake D; Bancroft DP; Christensen AM; Sundquist WI; Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City,; 84132, USA.; The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) matrix protein forms a structural shell associated with the inner viral membrane and performs other essential functions throughout the viral life cycle. The crystal structure of the HIV-1 matrix protein, determined at 2.3 angstrom resolution, reveals that individual matr
Inhibition of acute in vivo human immunodeficiency virus infection by human interleukin 10 treatment of SCID mice implanted with human fetal thymus and liver.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):3126-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181547; Kollmann TR; Pettoello-Mantovani M; Katopodis NF; Hachamovitch M; Rubinstein A; Kim A; Goldstein H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein; College of Medicine, Bronx NY 10461, USA.; To improve the usefulness of in vivo mode for the investigation of the pathophysiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we modified the construction of SCID mice implanted with human fetal thymus and liver (thy/liv-SCID-hu mice) so that the peripheral blood of the mice contained significant numbers of
The need for epidemic intelligence.: Public Health Rep. 1996 Jan-Feb;111(1):26-31; discussion 32-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179071; Bloch AB; Onorato IM; Ihle WW; Hadler JL; Hayden CH; Snider DE Jr; Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control; and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.; The past decade has witnessed an unprecedented upturn in tuberculosis morbidity and outbreaks of difficult- to-treat and highly lethal multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. In the early 1990s, a national consensus developed among public health officials to define more comprehensively the problem, and in January 1993, expa
Counseling and testing for HIV prevention: costs, effects, and cost-effectiveness of more rapid screening tests.: Public Health Rep. 1996 Jan-Feb;111(1):44-53; discussion 54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179073; Farnham PG; Gorsky RD; Holtgrave DR; Jones WK; Guinan ME; Department of Economics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA; 30303.; New rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody tests permit many individuals to receive test results and appropriate counseling at one clinic visit. Because currently used tests require significant time for processing, all individuals must return for a second visit for test results and counseling. Since return
WHO's primer on AIDS [news]: Public Health Rep. 1996 Jan-Feb;111(1):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179083
Tuberculosis epidemic worldwide emergency [news]: Public Health Rep. 1996 Jan-Feb;111(1):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179084
Tuberculosis and HIV-AIDS [news]: Public Health Rep. 1996 Jan-Feb;111(1):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179085
AIDS and cerebrovascular disease.: Stroke. 1996 Mar;27(3):538-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96175879; Pinto AN; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of; Maryland at Baltimore, USA.; BACKGROUND: Although neurological complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are common, the presence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) has been seldom reported. The purpose of this report is to review available data on the association between stroke and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). SUM
The effects of blood transfusion on cytokine production by TH1 and TH2 lymphocytes in the mouse.: Transplantation. 1996 Feb 15;61(3):465-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191037; Babcock GF; Alexander JW; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center,; Ohio 45267-0558, USA.
Nitric oxide production is increased during murine vaccinia virus infection, but may not be essential for virus clearance.: Virology. 1996 Mar 15;217(2):470-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183369; Rolph MS; Ramshaw IA; Rockett KA; Ruby J; Cowden WB; Division of Cell Biology, John Curtin School of Medical Research,; Canberra, Australia.; Recent reports have highlighted a potential antiviral activity for nitric oxide (NO). The purpose of this study was to investigate the production of NO in mice during vaccinia virus (VV) or herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, and to assess the role of NO in clearance of VV. Reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI; NO
Production and characterization of high-titer stocks of rev-defective HIV-1.: Virology. 1996 Mar 15;217(2):602-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183384; Riggs NL; Guatelli JC; San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of; California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0679, USA.; High-titer stocks of rev-defective HIV-1 virions have been produced and characterized. To produce these stocks, CEM cells transduced with a murine retroviral vector that expresses Rev were used to support the growth of an HIV-1 genome containing four inactivating mutations in the rev gene. The resulting viral stocks w
Identification of the envelope V3 loop as a determinant of a CD4-negative neuronal cell tropism for HIV-1.: Virology. 1996 Mar 15;217(2):613-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183386; Trujillo JR; Wang WK; Lee TH; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; Some neuronal-derived CD4-negative cells are susceptible to infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Galactosyl ceramide is an alternate receptor for HIV-1 that appears to bind in vitro to the C2, V3, V4, and V5 regions of gp120. Amino acid variation in the V3 loop of HIV-1 affects cellular tropism
The HTLV-1 Rex protein induces nuclear accumulation of unspliced viral RNA by avoiding intron excision and degradation.: Virology. 1996 Apr 15;218(2):316-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193743; Grone M; Koch C; Grassmann R; Institut fur Klinische und Molekulare Virologie der Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany.; The human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) Rex protein is essential for the cytoplasmic accumulation of incompletely spliced transcripts that code for the viral structural proteins. In this study effects of Rex on the amounts of total, spliced and unspliced RNA from HTLV-1 were determined. In transfected fibroblasts Rex
Protein stability influences human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Vpr virion incorporation and cell cycle effect.: Virology. 1996 Apr 15;218(2):326-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193744; Kewalramani VN; Park CS; Gallombardo PA; Emerman M; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular; Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA.; Using recombinant proteins as standards, we calculated the amount of Vpr and Vpx present in HIV-2ROD particles. We find 2000-3000 copies of Vpx per particle but only 40-50 copies of Vpr. We investigated the reasons for this discrepancy between Vpx and Vpr and found that viral factors, including HIV-2 Vpx, do not restr
Sequence requirements of ATF2 and CREB binding to the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 LTR R region.: Virology. 1996 Apr 15;218(2):362-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193748; Xu X; Kang SH; Heidenreich O; Brown DA; Nerenberg MI; Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps; Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; We have identified crucial transcription factor contact sites within the distal portion of the HTLV-1 LTR R region. Single base substitutions within this region greatly reduce formation of a complex which we previously described as a 70-kDa nuclear protein interacting with a CREB-like protein. Comparison of published
The amount of host HLA-DR proteins acquired by HIV-1 is virus strain- and cell type-specific.: Virology. 1996 Apr 15;218(2):372-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193749; Cantin R; Fortin JF; Tremblay M; Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de; l'Universite Laval, Ste-Foy, Quebec, Canada.; We semiquantitatively monitored the incorporation of host membrane proteins on different strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) grown in several human CD4+ lymphoid cell lines and in primary mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The relative amounts of virally acquired cell proteins we
In vitro immortalization of Old World monkey T lymphocytes with Herpesvirus saimiri: its susceptibility to infection with simian immunodeficiency viruses.: Virology. 1996 Apr 15;218(2):382-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193750; Akari H; Mori K; Terao K; Otani I; Fukasawa M; Mukai R; Yoshikawa Y; Tsukuba Primate Center for Medical Science, National Institute of; Health, Ibaraki, Japan.; Peripheral blood T lymphocytes of Old World monkeys, rhesus and cynomolgus monkey (Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis, respectively), were successfully immortalized by infection with Herpesvirus saimiri subtype C. The T cell lines were stably cultured without addition of exogenous
Inhibition of HIV-1 in cell culture by synthetic humate analogues derived from hydroquinone: mechanism of inhibition.: Virology. 1996 Apr 15;218(2):389-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193751; Schneider J; Weis R; Manner C; Kary B; Werner A; Seubert BJ; Riede UN; Abteilung Virologie, Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie und; Hygiene der Universitat, Freiburg, Germany.; Humic acids are natural constituents of soil and ground water and mainly consist of mixtures of polycyclic phenolic compounds. A similar complex of compounds with a mean size of about 1000 Da, designated HS-1500, was synthesized by oxidation of hydroquinone. HS-1500 inhibited HIV-1 infection of MT-2 cells with an IC50
Plasmacytoid CD8 lymphoma: morphologic and immunologic characterization.: Acta Haematol. 1995;94(4):204-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190623; Amiot L; Tas P; Caulet-Maugendre S; Goasguen J; Le Prise PY; Fauchet R; Drenou B; Laboratoire d'Hematologie-Immunologie, CHRU, Rennes, France.; This study describes a 79 year-old female suffering from fever and lymphadenopathy. A lymph node biopsy showed diffuse infiltration of medium-sized cells with plasmacytoid features. The immunologic phenotype determined by cytometric analysis and immunochemistry showed suppressor T antigen (CD2, CD3, CD7, CD8) expressi
T cell subsets in multiple sclerosis: a serial study.: Acta Neurol Scand. 1995 Nov;92(5):361-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191738; Calopa M; Bas J; Mestre M; Arbizu T; Peres J; Buendia E; Neurology Service, Ciutat Sanitaria Universitaria de Bellvitge,; Barcelona, Spain.; The relevance of abnormalities in the distribution of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets to the clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis is not firmly established. A clinical and immunological follow-up of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients was performed in order to study the relationship of immun
MR appearances of the temporal evolution and resolution of infectious spondylitis.: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996 Apr;166(4):903-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198994; Gillams AR; Chaddha B; Carter AP; Department of Radiology, Boston University Medical School, MA; USA.; OBJECTIVE. We undertook this study to document the MR appearances of evolving or resolving infectious spondylitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective review was carried out of all patients with infectious spondylitis who had undergone MR imaging from 1991-1993 at Boston University Hospital and Boston City Hospital
Re: Determinants of HIV disease progression among homosexual men registered in the Tricontinental Seroconverter Study and Progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among homosexual men in hepatitis B vaccine trial cohorts in Amsterdam, New York City, and San Francisco, 1978-1991: [letter]: Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Mar 1;143(5):523-5; discussion 525-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199271; Zwahlen M; Vlahov D; Hoover DR
Projecting disease when death is likely.: Am J Epidemiol. 1996 May 1;143(9):943-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196613; Hoover DR; Peng Y; Saah AJ; Detels RR; Rinaldo CR Jr; Phair JP; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Projection disease incidence, prevalence, and net morbidity is often needed when individuals are likely to die, either disease free or after the disease has developed. Examples of this include remission of cancer or heart disease in elderly people who can die from these or other causes and occurrence of a particular a
Psychopathology in women with HIV disease and drug abuse [letter]: Am J Psychiatry. 1996 Mar;153(3):448-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180629; Pergami A; Gala C
Esophageal ulcers in AIDS [letter; comment]: Ann Intern Med. 1996 May 15;124(10):928; discussion 928-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198458; Couderc LJ; Balloul E; Caubarrere I
Esophageal ulcers in AIDS [letter; comment]: Ann Intern Med. 1996 May 15;124(10):928; discussion 928-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198459; Domingo P; Ris J; Lopez-Contreras J
Comparison of three regimens for treatment of mild to moderate Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. A double-blind, randomized, trial of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, dapsone-trimethoprim, and clindamycin-primaquine. ACTG 108 Study Group.: Ann Intern Med. 1996 May 1;124(9):792-802. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188893; Safrin S; Finkelstein DM; Feinberg J; Frame P; Simpson G; Wu A; Cheung T; Soeiro R; Hojczyk P; Black JR; San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110.; OBJECTIVE: To compare the tolerability and efficacy of three oral regimens for the treatment of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind study. SETTING: 24 U.S. academic medical centers. PATIENTS: 181 patients with morphologicall
Polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults. A meta-analysis with recommendations for clinical practice and study design.: Ann Intern Med. 1996 May 1;124(9):803-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188894; Owens DK; Holodniy M; Garber AM; Scott J; Sonnad S; Moses L; Kinosian B; Schwartz JS; Section of General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto; Health Care System, CA 94304 USA.; PURPOSE: To do a meta-analysis of studies that have evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adults. Evaluating the performance of PCR is difficult because in certain clinical situations, the sensitivity or s
Hepatotoxicity and rash associated with zidovudine and zalcitabine chemoprophylaxis [letter]: Ann Intern Med. 1996 May 1;124(9):855. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208418; Henry K; Acosta EP; Jochimsen E
Inactivation of Th1 and Th2 cells by feeding ovalbumin.: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Feb 13;778:122-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177395; Mowat AM; Steel M; Worthey EA; Kewin PJ; Garside P; Department of Immunology, University of Glasgow, Scotland.; Several different mechanisms have been implicated in oral tolerance to protein antigens, depending on the nature and dose of antigen used and the species under study. Here, we have investigated the basis of unresponsiveness in a well-established model of oral tolerance in mice fed 25 mg ovalbumin (OVA). Our results sh
Intraocular inflammatory disease (uveitis) and the use of oral tolerance: a status report.: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Feb 13;778:325-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177414; Nussenblatt RB; Whitcup SM; de Smet MD; Caspi RR; Kozhich AT; Weiner HL; Vistica B; Gery I; Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; Intraocular inflammatory disease, or uveitis, is a disorder that mostly affects children and young adults. It is the cause of about 10% of the severe visual handicap in the United States . Many of the severe, sight-threatening uveitic conditions are thought to be driven by putative auto
Oral tolerance to insulin and the insulin B-chain: cell lines and cytokine patterns.: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Feb 13;778:346-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177416; Maron R; Blogg NS; Polanski M; Hancock W; Weiner HL; Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Regulation of chemokine gene expression by contact hypersensitivity and by oral tolerance.: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Feb 13;778:434-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177441; Yuan YS; Major JA; Battisto JR; Department of Biology, Cleveland State University, Ohio 44195,; USA.; In mice with hapten-induced CH, T cells of the CD4+ and CD8+ phenotypes activated the gene for JE, whereas CD8+ T cells alone caused activation of the gene for IP-10. In animals tolerized by feeding either TNCB or OX, hapten-induced expression of IP-10 but not JE mRNA was lost. The down-regulation of IP-10 gene activa
The role of Th1 and Th2 cells for mucosal IgA responses.: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Feb 13;778:64-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177389; Yamamoto M; Vancott JL; Okahashi N; Marinaro M; Kiyono H; Fujihashi K; Jackson RJ; Chatfield SN; Bluethmann H; McGhee JR; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294, USA.; We have used cytokine-knockout mice to help determine the precise requirements for CD4+ Th cell regulation of IgA responses. In these studies, we have used two different oral delivery systems to induce mucosal and systemic antibody responses to the vaccine TT. In normal mice, oral administration of TT with CT as adjuv
In vitro synthesis of an N-myristoylated fusion protein that binds to the liposomal surface.: Arch Biochem Biophys. 1996 Feb 15;326(2):179-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190642; Utsumi T; Kuranami J; Tou E; Ide A; Akimaru K; Hung MC; Klostergaard J; Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture,; Yamaguchi University, Japan.; To increase the efficiency of association of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a hydrophilic model protein, with liposomes, an N-myristoylation signal sequence was linked to the N-terminus of TNF by gene fusion. A DNA sequence coding for the N-myristoylation signal of Rasheed leukemia virus-gag protein was fused to be 5 -e
Bone allograft banking in South Australia.: Aust N Z J Surg. 1995 Dec;65(12):865-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203022; Campbell DG; Oakeshott RD; University Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Royal; Adelaide Hospital, Australia.; The South Australian Bone Bank had expanded to meet an increased demand for allograft bone. During a 5 year period from 1988 to 1992, 2361 allografts were harvested from 2146 living donors and 30 cadaveric donors. The allografts were screened by contemporary banking techniques which include a social history, donor ser
[The health care problems of planning services in a sample of persons with AIDS in Naples]: Ann Ig. 1994 Jul-Dec;6(4-6):399-407. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187972; Marazzi MC; Mancinelli S; Palombi L; Liotta G; Chirianni A; Liuzzi G; Paone G; Manzillo E; Maio G; Soscia E; et al; Universita Maria SS Assunta (LUMSA), Roma.
[The sexual transmission of the acquired immunodeficiency virus: the reasons for greater male-to-female than female-to-male transmission efficiency]: Ann Ig. 1994 Jul-Dec;6(4-6):641-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188000; Nicolosi A; Autelitano M; Correa Leite ML; Osella AR; Lazzarin A; Ist. di Tecnologie Biomediche Avanzate, Consiglio Nazionale delle; Ricerche, Milano.
Correlates of HIV infection knowledge in samples of Italian young population.: Ann Ig. 1994 Jul-Dec;6(4-6):699-708. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188006; Cattaruzza MS; Zantedeschi E; Signorelli C; Guasticchi G; Osborn JF; Ist. di Igiene G. Sanarelli, Universita degli Studi di Roma La; Sapienza.
[Use of the condom for the prevention of AIDS: a review of 10 studies from Europe and the United States]: Ann Ig. 1994 Jul-Dec;6(4-6):709-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188007; Zantedeschi E; Bossi A; Cattaruzza MS; Carlucci M; Ist. di Igiene G. Sanarelli, Universita degli Studi di Roma La; Sapienza.
[The level of information on AIDS among the university and secondary school students of Camerino]: Ann Ig. 1994 Jul-Dec;6(4-6):717-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188008; Grappasonni I; Petrelli F; Cocchioni M; Troiani P; Pellegrini MG; Zanetti AR; Dip. di Scienze Igienistiche e Sanitarie-Ambientali, Universita; di Camerino.
Recent increase in the incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among young men and women in Denmark.: Br J Cancer. 1996 Apr;73(7):951-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192192; Hjalgrim H; Frisch M; Begtrup K; Melbye M; Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, Statens Seruminstitut,; Copenhagen, Denmark.; Time-related trends in the incidence of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) in Denmark were analysed for the period 1943-89. A total of 13 822 patients (7565 men and 6257 women) were included in the stu
Efficacy and safety of Stealth liposomal doxorubicin in AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. The International SL-DOX Study Group.: Br J Cancer. 1996 Apr;73(8):989-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200418; Goebel FD; Goldstein D; Goos M; Jablonowski H; Stewart JS; Poliklinik der Universitat Munich, Germany.; The utility of current chemotherapeutic regimens in the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) is often compromised by both limited efficacy and substantial toxicity. Pegylated (Stealth) liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride (SL-DOX) has been demonstrated specifically to deliver high concentrations of doxo
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an EBV-associated tumour not significantly influenced by HIV-induced immunosuppression. The AIDS/Cancer Working Group.: Br J Cancer. 1996 Apr;73(8):995-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200419; Melbye M; Cote TR; West D; Kessler L; Biggar RJ; Danish Epidemiology Science Center, Statens Serum Institut,; Copenhagen, Denmark.; We used a link between cancer (859,398 reports) and AIDS (50,050 reports) registries in the United States to study whether nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was increased in the population with AIDS. There was no indication of a significantly increased risk up to or after the AIDS diagnos
Macrophages are the major target cell for HIV infection in long-term marrow culture and demonstrate dual susceptibility to lymphocytotropic and monocytotropic strains of HIV-1.: Br J Haematol. 1996 Apr;93(1):30-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200428; Gill V; Shattock RJ; Freeman AR; Robinson G; Griffin GE; Gordon-Smith EC; Gibson FM; Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, St. George's; Hospital Medical School, London.; Haematological abnormalities are often seen in patients infected with HIV. A number of mechanisms are thought to contribute to this bone marrow suppression, including impaired stromal function and direct infection of progenitor cells. Evidence suggests that both bone marrow progenitor cells and perhaps stromal cells a
Conformational preferences of a chimeric peptide HIV-1 immunogen from the C4-V3 domains of gp120 envelope protein of HIV-1 CAN0A based on solution NMR: comparison to a related immunogenic peptide from HIV-1 RF.: Biochemistry. 1996 Apr 23;35(16):5158-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196621; Vu HM; de Lorimier R; Moody MA; Haynes BF; Spicer LD; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.; A critical problem to overcome on HIV vaccine design is the variability among HIV strains. One strategy to solve this problem is the construction of multicomponent immunogens reflective of common HIV motifs. Currently, it is not known if these motifs should be based primarily on amino acid sequence or higher-order str
Zinc binding to the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein: a thermodynamic investigation by fluorescence spectroscopy.: Biochemistry. 1996 Apr 23;35(16):5175-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196623; Mely Y; De Rocquigny H; Morellet N; Roques BP; Gerad D; Laboratoire de Biophysique, URA 491 du CNRS, Faculte de; Pharmacie de Strasbourg I, B.P. 24, Illkirch, France.; The HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein, NCp7, is characterized by two CCHC zinc finger motifs which have been shown to stoichiometrically bind zinc in mature virions. Moreover, this binding of zinc proves to be critical in various NCp7 functions, especially in the encapsidation process. To further understand the central role
Incorporation of a non-nucleotide bridge into hairpin oligonucleotides capable of high-affinity binding to the Rev protein of HIV-1.: Biochemistry. 1996 Apr 23;35(16):5339-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196644; Nelson JS; Giver L; Ellington AD; Letsinger RL; Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston,; Illinois 60208, USA.; A bridge containing a rigid trans-stilbene group, P(O)(O-)O(CH2)3NHC(O)- C6H4-CH=CHC6H4C(O)NH(CH2)3OP(O)(O-)-, has been incorporated into several oligonucleotide sequences based on the minimal Rev Binding Element (RBE) of HIV-1. This bridge was found to be effective as a UUCG tetraloop in stabilizing short RNA duplex
Isolation of a cDNA clone, TRX encoding a human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-I Tax1 binding protein.: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 Apr 10;1306(1):9-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U25801; Mireskandari A; Reid RL; Kashanchi F; Dittmer J; Li WB; Brady JN; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; Tax1 is essential for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) virus replication and transformation. We have identified and characterized a Tax1 binding protein, TRX, by cDNA screening of a Jurkat T-cell cDNA library. TRX mRNA is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues tested and cell lines analyzed.
Neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin as serum markers in a placebo-controlled anti-HIV therapy trial.: Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1995 Sep;33(9):559-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187111; Carstens J; Teglbjaerg LS; Black FT; Department of Infectious Diseases, Marselisborg Hospital,; University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.; The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the biologic immune activation markers neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin in monitoring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treated with isoprinosine and placebo. Serum samples obtained at the commen
Human herpesvirus-8 DNA sequences in human immunodeficiency virus-negative angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and benign lymphadenopathy with giant germinal center hyperplasia and increased vascularity.: Blood. 1996 May 1;87(9):3903-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199431; Luppi M; Barozzi P; Maiorana A; Artusi T; Trovato R; Marasca R; Savarino M; Ceccherini-Nelli L; Torelli G; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Modena, Italy.; Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) DNA sequences have been reported to be strictly associated not only with various forms of Kaposi s sarcoma but also with an unusual subgroup of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related B-cell lymphomas. A possible relation of this putative virus also with multicentric Castleman s d
Alpha s1-casein-specific CD8+ T cell clone that inhibits its own interferon-gamma production by producing interleukin-10.: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1995 Dec;59(12):2274-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187587; Nishijima K; Hisatsune T; Kato H; Shiho O; Kaminogawa S; Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Tokyo,; Japan.; A CD8+ T cell clone specific to alpha s1-casein, one of the major allergens in milk, is shown to inhibit its own production of interferon (IFN)-gamma by producing interleukin (IL)-10. Anti-IL-10 antibodies enhanced the production of IFN-gamma induced by the antigen plus antigen-presenting cells from 12 h onward after
Concerns about AIDS in general practice.: BMJ. 1996 Feb 3;312(7026):285-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190112; Moons MA; Peters L; Bartelds AI; Kerssens JJ; Netherlands Institute of Primary Health Care, Utrecht,; Netherlands.
French AIDS group criticises treatment of immigrants [news]: BMJ. 1996 Feb 10;312(7027):331-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190152; Dorozynski A
Disease in children infected with HIV in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.: BMJ. 1996 Feb 10;312(7027):335-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190156; Lucas SB; Peacock CS; Hounnou A; Brattegaard K; Koffi K; Honde M; Andoh J; Bell J; De Cock KM; Department of Histopathology, University College London Medical; School.; OBJECTIVE--To document the range of disease in African children infected with HIV. DESIGN--Necropsy results in consecutive children aged 1 month or more who were HIV positive and in children who were HIV negative for comparison; IgA western blots on serum samples from children under 2 years of age who were positive fo
Recent advances in obstetrics. Transmission of HIV from mother to infant depends on many factors [letter; comment] [see comments]: BMJ. 1996 Feb 10;312(7027):379-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190182; Berer M
[The condom. A little known product in 1995]: Contracept Fertil Sex. 1996 Feb;24(2):117-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203129; Janaud A
[Attitudes to counseling related to HIV infection screening in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso]: Sante. 1996 Jan-Feb;6(1):7-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205119; Cartoux M; Rouamba O; Meda N; Dabis F; Durand G; Salamon R; Universite de Bordeaux II, Inserm U 330, France.; Two approaches, a questionnaire administered to pregnant women and interviews independently with selected individuals in posts of responsibility, were used to assess (i) the perception of HIV screening among patients attending a Maternal and Child Health Clinic and (ii) the attitudes of health staff and local authorit
Antiviral effect of phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotides complementary to human immunodeficiency virus.: Bioorg Med Chem. 1995 Jan;3(1):49-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214696; Kim SG; Hatta T; Tsukahara S; Nakashima H; Yamamoto N; Shoji Y; Takai K; Takaku H; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Chiba Institute of; Technology, Japan.; Modifications of oligodeoxyribonucleotides include the replacement of the backbone phosphodiester groups with phosphorothioate (S-ODNs) groups and the substitution of phosphorothioate (SO-ODNs) groups at both the 3 - and 5 -ends. In assays for HIV, oligomers (S-ODNs) were more active at the micromolar range than were
Management of adverse reactions to prophylactic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1996 Apr;76(4):355-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96189193; Belchi-Hernandez J; Espinosa-Parra FJ; Virgen del Rossell Hospital, Department of Allergy and Internal; Medicine, Murcia, Spain.; BACKGROUND: In hospitals attended by patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, adverse reactions are often observed to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, particularly cutaneous reactions. Given the importance of this drug for prophylaxis we have attempted to establish a desensitization or tolerance protocol so
IL-15: a pleiotropic cytokine with diverse receptor/signaling pathways whose expression is controlled at multiple levels.: Immunity. 1996 Apr;4(4):329-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200886; Tagaya Y; Bamford RN; DeFilippis AP; Waldmann TA; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Hyperproliferation and dysregulation of IL-4 expression in NF-ATp-deficient mice.: Immunity. 1996 Apr;4(4):397-405. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200893; Hodge MR; Ranger AM; Charles de la Brousse F; Hoey T; Grusby MJ; Glimcher LH; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; NF-ATp is a member of a family of genes that encodes the cytoplasmic component of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT). In this study, we show that mice with a null mutation in the NF-ATp gene have splenomegaly with hyperproliferation of both B and T cells. They also display early defects in the transcripti
Low copy number and limited variability of proviral DNA in alveolar macrophages from HIV-1-infected patients: evidence for genetic differences in HIV-1 between lung and blood macrophage populations.: Mol Med. 1995 Nov;1(7):744-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192943; Nakata K; Weiden M; Harkin T; Ho D; Rom WN; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York; University Medical Center, New York, USA.; BACKGROUND: We investigated the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proviral DNA sequence and copy number in alveolar macrophages (AM) and peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) from 10 HIV-positive patients without any active concurrent pulmonary disease to understand the nature of HIV-1 infection in vivo in the lung microe
Compounds that target novel cellular components involved in HIV-1 transcription.: Mol Med. 1995 Nov;1(7):758-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192944; Butera ST; Roberts BD; Critchfield JW; Fang G; McQuade T; Gracheck SJ; Folks TM; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.; BACKGROUND: Therapeutic intervention designed to block expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at a cellular level may slow the clinical progression of HIV-1 disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cellular models of latent (OM-10.1 and U1) and chronic (8E5) HIV infection were used to evaluate two benzothiophene deri
Local expansion of allergen-specific CD30+Th2-type gamma delta T cells in bronchial asthma.: Mol Med. 1995 Nov;1(7):821-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192950; Spinozzi F; Agea E; Bistoni O; Forenza N; Monaco A; Falini B; Bassotti G; De Benedictis F; Grignani F; Bertotto A; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia School of; Medicine, Policlinico Monteluce, Italy.; BACKGROUND: T lymphocytes infiltrating airways during the allergic immune response play a fundamental role in recruiting other specialized cells, such as eosinophils, by secreting interleukin 5 (IL-5), and promoting local and systemic IgE synthesis by producing IL-4. Whether these presumed allergen-specific T cells ar
AIDS -- a treatable disease at last [editorial]: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):253. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197710; Culliton BJ
Saquinavir: too early to market? [news]: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):257. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197716; Steele FR
Optimism invades HIV conference [news]: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):257-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197715; Steele FR
Boboon graft fails, but patient thrives [news]: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):259. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197717; Taylor R
Closing in on human immunodeficiency virus-1 [see comments]: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):274-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197722; Mellors JW; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Human herpesvirus 8 in lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma: now the virus can be propagated.: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):277-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197724; Weiss RA; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, UK.
Auxotrophic vaccines for tuberculosis.: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):334-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197737; Guleria I; Teitelbaum R; McAdam RA; Kalpana G; Jacobs WR Jr; Bloom BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.; Tuberculosis is responsible for the deaths of more people each year than any other single infectious disease, with greater than 7 million new cases and 2 million deaths annually. It remains the largest attributable cause of death in HIV-infected individuals, responsible for 32% of deaths of HIV-infected individuals in
Endocytosis of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules is induced by the HIV-1 Nef protein.: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):338-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197738; Schwartz O; Marechal V; Le Gall S; Lemonnier F; Heard JM; Laboratoire Retrovirus et Transfert Genetique, Unite de; Recherche Associee CNRS 1157, Paris, France.; Like other pathogenic viruses, HIV-1 down-modulates surface expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules in infected cells, thus impairing lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. We have observed that this phenomenon depends on the expression of Nef. nef is an early gene of primate lentiviruses,
Lytic growth of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) in culture.: Nat Med. 1996 Mar;2(3):342-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197739; Renne R; Zhong W; Herndier B; McGrath M; Abbey N; Kedes D; Ganem D; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, California 94143,; USA.; Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the leading neoplasm of AIDS patients, and HIV infection is known to be a major risk factor for its development. However, KS can occur in the absence of HIV infection and the risk of KS development varies widely even among HIV-infected patients, with homosexual men with AIDS being 20 times mor
Specific tolerization of active cytolytic T lymphocyte responses in vivo with soluble peptides.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Apr 10;169(1):16-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185988; Duarte EA; Eberl G; Corradin G; Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges,; Switzerland.; A promising approach toward preventing and treating autoimmune disease involves identifying the mediating antigen and then tolerizing the autoreactive T cells with the corresponding antigen. For success, this method will require the specific tolerization of active helper or CTL responses while maintaining the integrit
Adoptive transfer of resistance to murine retrovirus-induced immune suppression.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Apr 10;169(1):24-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185989; Gilmore GL; Department of Immunology, Medical Biology Institute, La Jolla,; California, USA.; Infection of certain strains of mice, such as C57BL/6 and C57BL/10 [B10], with LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) rapidly causes a profound and lethal immune suppression. The H2d congenic strain of B10, B10.D2, is resistant to disease, but B10 x B10.D2 F1 mice are susceptible, indicating that disease sensitivity is d
HIV-1 Tat protein and its inhibitor Ro 24-7429 inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and induce apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors.: Cell Immunol. 1996 Apr 10;169(1):40-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185991; Patki AH; Lederman MM; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of; Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.; To explore further the effects of the HIV-1 transactivator protein Tat on human lymphoid cell function we examined the effects of Tat on lymphocyte proliferation and programmed cell death (apoptosis). We found that the HIV-1 Tat protein induced apoptosis and inhibited lymphocyte proliferative responses in lymphocytes
Hematologic malignancies during pregnancy.: Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Sep;38(3):535-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203350; Sadural E; Smith LG Jr; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint Barnabas Medical; Center, Livingston, New Jersey 07039, USA.; Most hematologic malignancies are rare during the childbearing years with the exception of Hodgkin s lymphoma. However, the continued spread of retroviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus, in the heterosexual population may result in a substantial rise in viral-induced non-Hodgkin s lymphomas. Although pregnanc
Gene therapy. Clinical potential and relationship to drug treatment.: Drugs. 1995 Dec;50(6):951-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191573; Whartenby KA; Marrogi AJ; Freeman SM; Center for Biologics, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville,; Maryland, USA.
Expression of growth hormone receptors in murine lymphoid cells analyzed by flow cytofluorometry.: Endocrinology. 1996 May;137(5):1719-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198768; Gagnerault MC; Postel-Vinay MC; Dardenne M; CNRS URA 1461, Universite Paris V, Hopital Necker, France.; We have analyzed the expression of GH receptors (GHR) in murine lymphoid organs using flow cytofluorometry with biotinylated bovine GH and specific fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled monoclonal antibodies defining distinct lymphoid cell populations. GHR were widely expressed in al murine hematopoietic tissues and in f
The ectodomain of HIV-1 env subunit gp41 forms a soluble, alpha-helical, rod-like oligomer in the absence of gp120 and the N-terminal fusion peptide.: EMBO J. 1996 Apr 1;15(7):1507-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203067; Weissenhorn W; Wharton SA; Calder LJ; Earl PL; Moss B; Aliprandis E; Skehel JJ; Wiley DC; Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical; Institute, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.; The human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein is composed of a soluble glycopolypeptide gp120 and a transmembrane glycopolypeptide gp41. These subunits form non-covalently linked oligomers on the surface of infected cells, virions and cells transfected with the complete env gene. Two length variants
HTLV-1 Tax protein interacts with cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16INK4A and counteracts its inhibitory activity towards CDK4.: EMBO J. 1996 Apr 1;15(7):1607-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203078; Suzuki T; Kitao S; Matsushime H; Yoshida M; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of; Tokyo, Japan.; Tax, a regulatory protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is an oncoprotein which immortalizes human T cells and induces tumors in transgenic mice. These effects may be due to its interaction with cellular proteins, consisting of several transcription factors including CREB, NF-kappa B and SRF, and the
Synergistic enhancement of both initiation and elongation by acidic transcription activation domains.: EMBO J. 1996 Apr 1;15(7):1658-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203084; Blair WS; Fridell RA; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, NC 27710, USA.; The effects of activation domain synergy on transcription initiation and elongation have been examined utilizing a system that permits the targeting of a defined number of activation modules to promoter DNA. As predicted, incremental increases in targeted activation potential were found to result in corresponding incr
Propolis protects against doxorubicin-induced myocardiopathy in rats.: Exp Mol Pathol. 1995 Jun;62(3):190-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198836; Chopra S; Pillai KK; Husain SZ; Giri DK; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard; (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India.; Propolis (bee glue) is one of the major hive products of bees and is rich in flavonoids, which are known for antioxidant activities. Doxorubicin-induced myocardiopathy is the consequence of oxidative stress through the mediation of free radicals. The effect of intraperitoneal administration of propolis (50 and 100 mg/
Transduction signals induced in rat brain cortex astrocytes by the HIV-1 gp120 glycoprotein.: FEBS Lett. 1996 Apr 15;384(2):135-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201952; Codazzi F; Racchetti G; Grohovaz F; Meldolesi J; Department of Pharmacology, University of Milano, Italy.; Cultures of rat brain cortex astrocytes were exposed to 10(-10)-10(-9)M of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, gp120. No specific binding was revealed by the iodinated protein, suggesting expression of only a few sites onto the cells. In contrast, two transduction signals were rapidly induced by gp120: increased tyrosine
Are we playing to win or playing to keep from losing? [editorial]: Dent Econ. 1995 Oct;85(10):24, 27, 29-30 passim. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209527; Kennedy JL
Weight loss in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: wasting or wanting not?: Gastroenterology. 1996 Apr;110(4):1316-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183173; Koretz RL
Definition of the initial immunologic modifications upon in vitro gliadin challenge in the small intestine of celiac patients.: Gastroenterology. 1996 May;110(5):1368-78. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200520; Maiuri L; Picarelli A; Boirivant M; Coletta S; Mazzilli MC; De Vincenzi M; Londei M; Auricchio S; Children's Hospital Pausilipon, Naples, Italy.; BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mucosal cell-mediated immune response is considered the central event in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. In cultured intestinal explants from celiacs in remission, we have characterized the early stages of gliadin-induced immune activation. METHODS: Intestinal biopsy specimens (15 treated cel
Long-term survival of patients with HIV-related systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.: Hematol Oncol. 1996 Mar;14(1):7-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200803; Tirelli U; Errante D; Spina M; Vaccher E; Serraino D; Boiocchi M; Gloghini A; Carbone A; Division of Medical Oncology and AIDS, Centro di Riferimento; Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.; BACKGROUND: the overall outcome of patients with HIV-related non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (HIV-NHL) is poor because of the adverse clinico-pathological features of HIV-NHL and the underlying HIV infection. However, the experience of physicians in the management of HIV-NHL has increased, in particular in the use of intensiv
Identical genetic control of MLC reactivity to different MHC incompatibilities, independent of production of and response to IL-2.: Immunogenetics. 1996;44(1):27-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217553; Holan V; Lipoldova M; Demant P; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech; Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.; The inbred strain STS/A exhibits a higher proliferative response in the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) to stimulator cells of all 11 tested inbred mouse strains with 10 different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes, as well as to stimulation with IL-2 tha
Genetic variability of the human CD4 V2 domain.: Immunogenetics. 1996;44(1):70-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U40625; Indraccolo S; Mion M; Biagiotti R; Romagnani S; Morfini M; Longo G; Zamarchi R; Chieco-Bianchi L; Amadori A; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Autopsy report of a case of perinatal AIDS.: Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 1994 Dec;37 Suppl:S24-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188077; Lanjewar DN; Maheshwari MB; Khanna SA; Department of Pathology, Grant Medical College, Bombay.
Pediatric HIV infection: recent advances [editorial]: Indian Pediatr. 1995 May;32(5):519-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191442; Sen S
Pediatric AIDS.: Indian Pediatr. 1995 May;32(5):573-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191450; Patil P; Shenoy V; Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal,; Karnataka.
HIV serosurveillance--report from a medical college in Delhi [letter]: Indian Pediatr. 1995 May;32(5):605-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191459; Mondal T; Kumar KJ; Malhotra VL
Oral immunization of interleukin-4 (IL-4) knockout mice with a recombinant Salmonella strain or cholera toxin reveals that CD4+ Th2 cells producing IL-6 and IL-10 are associated with mucosal immunoglobulin A responses.: Infect Immun. 1996 May;64(5):1516-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201556; Okahashi N; Yamamoto M; Vancott JL; Chatfield SN; Roberts M; Bluethmann H; Hiroi T; Kiyono H; McGhee JR; Mucosal Immunization Research Group, University of Alabama,; Birmingham Medical Center 35294, USA.; Mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses are often associated with Th2-type cells and derived cytokines, and interleukin-4 (IL-4) knockout (IL-4-/-) mice with impaired Th2 cells respond poorly to oral antigens. However, we have noted that IL-4-/- mice have normal mucosal IgA levels, which led us to query whether diffe
A cloned major Schistosoma mansoni egg antigen with homologies to small heat shock proteins elicits Th1 responsiveness.: Infect Immun. 1996 May;64(5):1750-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201588; Cai Y; Langley JG; Smith DI; Boros DL; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University; School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.; In schistosomiasis mansoni, soluble egg antigens of the worm induce chronic T-cell-mediated granulomatous tissue responses. Since the first preparation of crude soluble egg antigen extract, a dearth of highly purified antigens has hampered the identification of granuloma inducer molecules. Here we report that a cloned
Peptide epitopes from noncytosolic Listeria monocytogenes can be presented by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules.: Infect Immun. 1996 May;64(5):1870-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201608; Zwickey HL; Potter TA; Department of Medicine, National Jewish Center for Immunology and; Respiratory Medicine, Denver, CO 80206-2761, USA.; Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular pathogen which escapes the phagosome and resides in the cytosol of the host cell. Using Listeria innocua and a mutant strain of L. monocytogenes (listeriolysin O negative), which do not enter the cytosol of the host cell, we demonstrate class I presentation of an epitope of p
Induction of OX40, a receptor of gp34, on T cells by trans-acting transcriptional activator, Tax, of human T-cell leukemia virus type I.: Jpn J Cancer Res. 1996 Mar;87(3):227-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200929; Higashimura N; Takasawa N; Tanaka Y; Nakamura M; Sugamura K; Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine,; Sendai.; gp34, which we had identified as a target molecule of the trans-activation by Tax of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), has been found to bind OX40, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, resulting in growth stimulation of activated T cells. We here demonstrate that not only gp34 (OX40L), but
Distinct rate and patterns of human CD4+ T-cell depletion in hu-PBL-SCID mice infected with different isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus.: J Clin Immunol. 1995 Nov;15(6 Suppl):130S-133S. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191597; Mosier DE; Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla,; California 93037, USA.; The most fundamental question about infection with the human immunodeficiency virus is the mechanism by which infection leads to depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes, a critical cell type for the regulation of both cellular and humoral immunity. We have studied this issue using a unique small-animal model that is highly su
The HIV-1 reservoir in distinct V beta subsets of CD4 T cells: evidence for a putative superantigen.: J Clin Immunol. 1995 Nov;15(6 Suppl):18S-21S. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191583; Posnett DN; Kabak S; Dobrescu D; Hodtsev AS; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New; York, New York, USA.; Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) replicates more efficiently in T cells expressing T-cell receptors using certain V beta genes, V beta 12 in particular. This V beta specificity was consistent with an HIV-1-associated superantigen. In addition, T cell-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-positive
Effect of anti-interleukin 12 treatment on murine lyme borreliosis.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Feb 15;97(4):1028-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193886; Anguita J; Persing DH; Rincon M; Barthold SW; Fikrig E; Section of Rheumatology, Yale Univerisity School of Medicine, New; Haven, Connecticut 06520-8031, USA.; The effect of anti-interleukin (IL-12 treatment on Lyme borreliosis in C3H/HeN (C3H) mice was assessed because other studies have implicated CD4+ T cell helper (Th) type 1 responses in the genesis of disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. Infection of inbred mice with B. burgdorferi results in varying degrees of arth
Hygienic maintenance of dental handpieces and turbines.: J Dent Assoc S Afr. 1995 Sep;50(9):416-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213555; Bossmann K
Biphasic response against aeroallergen in atopic dermatitis showing a switch from an initial TH2 response to a TH1 response in situ: an immunocytochemical study.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Mar;97(3):828-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213657; Thepen T; Langeveld-Wildschut EG; Bihari IC; van Wichen DF; van Reijsen FC; Mudde GC; Bruijnzeel-Koomen CA; Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Hospital; Utrecht, The Netherlands.; In the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), IgE plays an important role; and TH2 cells, producing IL-4, have been ascribed a key role in allergic diseases such as AD. To investigate the role of TH subpopulations in the onset and continuation of AD, we performed atopy patch tests (APTs) with house dust mite allergen
Transmission of HIV-1 in the breast-feeding process.: J Am Diet Assoc. 1996 Mar;96(3):267-74; quiz 275-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197977; Black RF; Augusta Nutrition Consultants, Augusta, Georgia, USA.; Current laboratory techniques cannot distinguish the mode of vertical transmission (intrauterine, intrapartum, or postnatal) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from mother to infant. The ability to transmit HIV-1 via breast feeding has been established in 24 case reports, primarily involving mothers who se
Dendritic cells from different tissues induce production of different T cell cytokine profiles.: J Leukoc Biol. 1996 Apr;59(4):494-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201616; Everson MP; McDuffie DS; Lemak DG; Koopman WJ; McGhee JR; Beagley KW; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.; The precise role of antigen-presenting cells (APC) in regulating the balance of T-helper type 1 (Th1) and T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine production is unclear. Dendritic cells (DC), the most potent APC for activation of naive T cells, were found to regulate Th1 and Th2 cytokine profiles in a fashion dependent upon the
The CD4/CD8 ratio in the blood does not reflect the response of this index in secondary lymphoid organs of weanling mice in models of protein-energy malnutrition known to depress thymus-dependent immunity.: J Nutr. 1996 Apr;126(4):849-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182372; Lee WH; Woodward BD; Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University; of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.; A low ratio of cellular numbers within CD4+ (helper/inducer) relative to CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) thymic lymphocyte subsets (low CD4/CD8 ratio) is widely accepted as fundamental to the depression in thymus-dependent immunocompetence associated with wasting protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). The objective of this in
Cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir (ABT-538) in human liver microsomes.: J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Apr;277(1):423-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185105; Kumar GN; Rodrigues AD; Buko AM; Denissen JF; Department of Biotransformation, Pharmaceutical Products; Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA.; The HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir (ABT-538) undergoes cytochrome P450-mediated biotransformation in human liver microsomes to three major metabolites, Ml, M2 and M11, with wide interindividual variation in the rates of metabolite formation. The structures of these metabolites were determined with the use of elect
Nonclassical mucosal antibodies predominate in genital secretions of HIV-1 infected chimpanzees.: J Med Primatol. 1995 Feb;24(2):53-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187232; Israel ZR; Marx PA; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, NY,; USA.; To identify mucosal immunity in HIV-infected chimpanzees, IgG, IgA, and IgM from plasma, saliva, rectal swabs, vaginal washes, semen, and urethral washes were tested from four male and three female HIV-1IIIB infected chimpanzees. The level of HIV infections in the seven chimpanzees were classified as high, intermediat
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in serum of macaques during SIVmac251 acute infection.: J Med Primatol. 1995 Feb;24(2):94-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187238; Clayette P; Le Grand R; Noack O; Vaslin B; Le Naour R; Benveniste O; Theodoro F; Fretier P; Dormont D; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie experimentate et Neurovirologie,; CEA/DSV/DPTE/SSA Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines, Fontenay; aux Roses, France.; TNF secretion was explored in sera during acute SIV-infection of cynomolgus macaques. A peak of TNF was detected in sera of animals in concomitance with SIV replication. Likewise, AZT treatment delayed and reduced peaks of viral replication and TNF pr
Effect of radon on the immune system: alterations in the cellularity and functions of T cells in lymphoid organs of mouse.: J Toxicol Environ Health. 1996 Apr 19;47(6):535-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201634; Nagarkatti M; Nagarkatti PS; Brooks A; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of; Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State; University, Blacksburg 24061, USA.; Exposure to radon and its progeny induces significant damage to the cells of the respiratory tract and causes lung cancer. Whether a similar exposure to radon would alter the functions of the immune system has not been previously investigated. In the current study, we investigated the effect of exposure of C57BL/6 mic
Toxic megacolon caused by cytomegalovirus colitis in a multiply injured patient.: J Trauma. 1996 Apr;40(4):644-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185971; Machens A; Bloechle C; Achilles EG; Bause HW; Izbicki JR; Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Eppendoft,; University of Hamburg, Germany.; Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) colitis is a rare event that has been described mainly in immunocompromised patients with immunosuppressive medication or HIV infection. An association with severe trauma has not been described previously. We report a formerly healthy, mult
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS education and prevention programs for adults in prisons and jails and juveniles in confinement facilities--United States, 1994.: JAMA. 1996 May 1;275(17):1306-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200901
Survival from early, intermediate, and late stages of HIV infection.: JAMA. 1996 May 1;275(17):1329-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200915; Enger C; Graham N; Peng Y; Chmiel JS; Kingsley LA; Detels R; Munoz A; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Md, USA.; OBJECTIVE--To estimate expected survival time among homosexual men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by (1) the calendar period before (1985-1988) and after (1989-1993) the widespread availability of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treatments with antiretroviral and prophylactic i
A meta-analytic evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of HIV infection in infants [see comments]: JAMA. 1996 May 1;275(17):1342-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200918; Owens DK; Holodniy M; McDonald TW; Scott J; Sonnad S; Section of General Internal Medicine, VA Palo Alto Health Care; System, CA 94304, USA.; OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infants. DATA SOURCES--We used studies published between 1988 and 1994 identified in a literature search of 17 databases, including MEDLINE. STUDY SELE
DNA polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of vertical HIV infection [editorial; comment]: JAMA. 1996 May 1;275(17):1360-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200921; Luzuriaga K; Sullivan JL
Primary care of the HIV patient: standard practice and new developments in the era of managed care.: Med Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;80(2):375-410. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197390; Kocurek K; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California; San Francisco, California, USA.; It is easy when taking care of the patient with AIDS to lose sight of the whole person and become focused on the details of micromanagement, distracted by the array of new therapies, and overwhelmed by the financial risks of the disease. It is therefore critical that a healing and respectful relationship is developed
Risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus infection during tympano-ossicular homograft: an experimental study.: Laryngoscope. 1996 Mar;106(3 Pt 1):334-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197642; Meylan PR; Duscher A; Mudry A; Monnier P; Institute of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.; It is generally agreed that middle ear reconstructive surgery performed with tympano-ossicular homografts produces superior functional results compared with prosthetic material, especially with respect to extrusion rate. The use of homografts, though, has been seriously hampered recently by the fear of transmission of
The role of p56lck in CD4-mediated suppression of CD3-induced early signaling events in T lymphocytes.: Life Sci. 1995 Mar 3;56(15):1287-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96112110; Baier-Bitterlich G; Baier G; Gulbins E; Coggeshall KM; Altman A; Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and; Immunology, CA 92037, USA.; Crosslinking of the CD4 coreceptor can inhibit subsequent T-cell activation via the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex. The ability of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope protein, gp 120, to cause similar inhibition has implicated this inhibitory signal in the induction of T-cell anergy and apoptosi
The estrogen antagonist tamoxifen inhibits carrageenan induced inflammation in LEW/N female rats.: Life Sci. 1996;58(16):PL281-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216516; Misiewicz B; Griebler C; Gomez M; Raybourne R; Zelazowska E; Gold PW; Sternberg EM; Clinical Neuroendocrinology Branch, National Institute of Mental; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; Carrageenan induces a measurable inflammatory response in susceptible animals, and mature females are more responsive to carrageenan, than males. In the present study, we tested whether the estrogen antagonist tamoxifen influences carrageenan-induced inflammatory responses. Female LEW/N rats were treated with tamoxife
Haemophilia--darkest hours before the dawn [editorial]: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 15;164(8):453-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199839; Street AM; Ekert H
HIV and musculoskeletal disease.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 15;164(8):480-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199847; Bertouch JV; Department of Rheumatology, Prince of Wales and Prince Henry; Hospitals, Sydney, NSW.; Prompt and accurate diagnosis of musculoskeletal disease in HIV infection should result in effective therapy, although some of the usual treatments are contraindicated.
HIV-related cardiovascular disease.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 15;164(8):482. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199848; Feneley MP; Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW.; Heart disease is common in HIV, but often asymptomatic. As improved therapies prolong the lives of HIV-infected patients, an increase in symptomatic heart disease can be expected.
HIV and renal disease.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 15;164(8):483. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199849; Frankum BS; Savdie E; Department of Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, NSW.; Renal parenchymal and fluid and electrolyte abnormalities may complicate hospitalisation in 20% of patients. HIV-specific renal abnormalities are being defined, but most follow opportunistic infection or drug nephrotoxicity. Principles of treatment are largely the same as for patients without HIV.
HIV and eye disease.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 15;164(8):484-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199850; McCluskey PJ; Hall AJ; Lightman S; Department of Ophthalmology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW.; Blindness is a threatening complication of HIV infection, but one that can be prevented by correct diagnosis and management of ocular disease. The general practitioner can play a vital role in diagnosis by being familiar with the types of ocular disease seen at different stages of HIV infection.
HIV and haematological disease.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 15;164(8):487-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199851; Street AM; Gibson J; Haematology Unit, Alfred Healthcare Group of Hospitals,; Melbourne, Vic.; Patients with HIV infection may present with symptoms and/or signs of anaemia, neutropenia or thrombocytopenia at all stages, including seroconversion.
HIV-related lymphoma and other malignancies.: Med J Aust. 1996 Apr 15;164(8):489-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199852; Milliken ST; Clezy KR; Cooper SG; Romeril KR; St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW.; Treating systemic malignancies requires specialist skill and experience, with active treatment often providing the best initial palliation of symptoms. A full management plan involving general practitioner, patient and others is essential at this stage of HIV disease.
Secondary malignancies in a child with Hodgkin's disease: T-cell lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndrome evolving into acute nonlymphoblastic leukaemia.: Med Pediatr Oncol. 1996 May;26(5):359-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203990; Polychronopoulou S; Panagiotou JP; Papadakis T; Mavrou A; Anagnostou D; Haidas S; Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Aghia Sophia; Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.; Hodgkin s disease (HD) has been linked to an increase risk of second malignant neoplasms (SMN), especially non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) and acute nonlymphoblastic leukaemia (ANLL). The mutagenic property of cytotoxic therapy as well as defective immunity have been implicated as pla
AIDS advisers disagree over events in HIV blood scandal [news]: Nature. 1996 Apr 25;380(6576):660. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202714; Swinbanks D
Controversial AIDS vaccine fails to delay disease [news]: Nature. 1996 Apr 25;380(6576):662. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202716
T-cell infiltration of primary CNS lymphoma.: Neurology. 1996 Feb;46(2):440-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181971; Bashir R; Chamberlain M; Ruby E; Hochberg FH; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical; Center, Omaha,NE 68198-2045, USA.; We stained 13 primary CNS lymphomas (PCNSLs) (six from patients with AIDS, seven from immunocompetent patients) with a panel of antibodies to T cells (pan T cell [CD3], T helper cell [CD4], T suppressor cell [CD8], delta/delta cell [CD4-8-]), B cells (CD20), hematopoietic cells (T200), and NK cell (CD56). We estimated
Prognosis and response to therapy of cytomegalovirus encephalitis and meningomyelitis in AIDS.: Neurology. 1996 Feb;46(2):444-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181972; Cohen BA; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, IL 60611, USA.; Effective diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus infection of the nervous system in AIDS patients has been limited by a lack of sensitive diagnostic measures. Retrospective series suggest a poor prognosis for cytomegalovirus encephalitis with rapid mortality. Polymerase chain r
Ocular motor dysfunction in HIV-1-infected subjects: a quantitative oculographic analysis.: Neurology. 1996 Feb;46(2):451-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181973; Johnston JL; Miller JD; Nath A; Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.; We recorded eye and head movements in 13 human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-infected patients with CD4 counts of less than or equal to 500 cells/mm3 using magnetic search coil oculography. Horizontal and vertical saccades, smooth pursuit, and vestibular smooth eye movements were recorded, as were horizontal a
Subacute measles virus encephalitis: a new and fatal opportunistic infection in a patient with AIDS.: Neurology. 1996 Feb;46(2):586-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182008; Budka H; Urbanits S; Liberski PP; Eichinger S; Popow-Kraupp T; Institute of Neurology, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria.
HIV nephropathy in children.: Pediatr Clin North Am. 1995 Dec;42(6):1469-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96110883; Zilleruelo G; Strauss J; Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine,; Florida, USA.; The evaluation and management of children with HIV nephropathy provide a great challenge to the pediatric nephrologist caring for patients with this tragic illness, of which the nephropathy is only part of their problem and extends beyond the patient to the family and all of the supportive team involved. Care decision
Gastrointestinal and nutritional problems in children with immunodeficiency and AIDS.: Pediatr Clin North Am. 1996 Apr;43(2):573-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198019; Winter H; Chang TI; Boston City Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Immunodeficient children pose a challenge to clinicians because of the interrelationship between infectious disease, metabolism, gastrointestinal tract function, psychosocial problems, and immune function. The interplay between these factors is not always clear, and frequently the best course of therapy is obscured be
Differential discrimination of DNA polymerase for variants of the non-standard nucleobase pair between xanthosine and 2,4-diaminopyrimidine, two components of an expanded genetic alphabet.: Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 Apr 1;24(7):1308-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188866; Lutz MJ; Held HA; Hottiger M; Hubscher U; Benner SA; Department of Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology,; Zurich, Switzerland.; Mammalian DNA polymerases alpha and epsilon, the Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) were examined for their ability to incorporate components of an expanded genetic alphabet in different forms. Experiments were performed with templates containing 2 -deoxyxanthosin
[Respiratory system changes in persons infected with the HIV virus]: Pneumonol Pol. 1990 Sep-Oct;58(9-10):549-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204114; Niemirowska H; Przychodni Przyklinicznej Instytutu Gruzlicy i Chorob Pluc.
Statistical analysis of zidovudine (AZT) effect on CD4 cell counts in HIV disease.: Stat Med. 1996 Jan 15;15(1):75-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201062; Mcneil AJ; Gore SM; Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of Zurich.; We fit a class of random effects linear growth curve models for the square root of CD4 count to serial marker data from 164 HIV-positive individuals with known (or accurately estimated) dates of seroconversion and at least 10 CD4 measurements each (median 16). We do so by adopting a Bayesian viewpoint and using the Ma
Characterization of HIV incubation distributions and some comparative studies.: Stat Med. 1996 Jan 30;15(2):197-220. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201077; Tan WY; Lee SR; Tang SC; Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Memphis, TN; 38152, USA.; In this paper we use a general stochastic model to characterize the HIV incubation distributions. We generate some Monte Carlo data under different conditions and compare the fitting of HIV incubation distributions by some well known parametric models and some non-parametric methods. The parametric models include most
The shape of the distribution of the number of sexual partners.: Stat Med. 1996 Jan 30;15(2):221-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201078; Kault D; Anton Breinl Centre for Tropical and Medicine, James Cook; University, Townsville, Qld, Australia.; Information on the number of sexual partners that people have is necessary for predicting the likely long term course of the AIDS epidemic. More information is required than is provided by simply stating the mean and variance of the number of partners. It is useful to find a family of curves which approximate data on
Pulmonary sarcoidosis coexisting with systemic lupus erythematosus.: Scand J Rheumatol. 1996;25(2):109-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216528; Schnabel A; Barth J; Schubert F; Gross WL; Rheumatologische Poliklinik, Medizinische Universitat Lubeck,; Germany.; A 23 year old female presented with fatigue, Raynaud s syndrome, symmetric polyarthritis, lymphocytopenia, hypocomplementemia, IgG elevation, and antinuclear antibodies with anti-U1RNP specificity. A diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was made. Disseminated micronodular infiltration in the chest X-ray, a
AIDS pathogenesis: a finite immune response to blame? [comment]: Science. 1996 Apr 26;272(5261):505-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194663; Miedema F; Klein MR; Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, Central Laboratory of the; Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
Adaptive evolution of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 during the natural course of infection [see comments]: Science. 1996 Apr 26;272(5261):537-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U36185; Wolinsky SM; Korber BT; Neumann AU; Daniels M; Kunstman KJ; Whetsell AJ; Furtado MR; Cao Y; Ho DD; Safrit JT; Koup RA; Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, IL 60611, USA.; The rate of progression to disease varies considerably among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1). Analyses of semiannual blood samples obtained from six infected men showed that a rapid rate of CD4 T cell loss was associated with relative evolutionary stasis of the HIV-1 quasispecies
Uganda may host AIDS vaccine trial [news]: Science. 1996 May 3;272(5262):657. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202404; Holden C
A computer program to assist in making breast cancer adjuvant therapy decisions.: Semin Oncol. 1996 Feb;23(1 Suppl 2):43-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203738; Ravdin PM; Division of Oncology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center,; San Antonio, 78284, USA.; This report describes a computer program designed to assist health care professionals in making projections of the average benefit of systemic adjuvant therapy for individual breast cancer patients. It requires as input patient age (used to make projections of natural mortality), an estimate of breast cancer-related m
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with an atypical granulomatous response.: South Med J. 1996 Apr;89(4):409-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185130; Flannery MT; Quiroz E; Grundy LS; Brantley S; Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida,; Tampa, USA.; Pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii may present atypical radiographic and pathologic findings. We report the case of a 32-year-old man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) whose chest roentgenogram showed a bilateral diffuse nodular pattern suggestive of miliary tuberculosis. Diagnosis ultimately required
Interviews of individuals diagnosed as anti-human immunodeficiency virus-positive through the screening of blood donations in the Paris area to 1994: reflections on the selection of blood donors.: Transfusion. 1996 Feb;36(2):124-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181923; Lefrere JJ; Elghouzzi MH; Salpetrier J; Duc A; Dupuy-Montbrun MC; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Hospital; Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.; BACKGROUND: One of the aims of the medical interview routinely preceding each blood donation is the identification of individuals with a risk factor for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). STUDY DESIGN and METHODS: Interviews were performed with individuals diagnosed as being seropositive for HIV th
Correction: How much would the safety of blood transfusion be improved by including p24 antigen in the battery of tests? [letter]: Transfusion. 1996 Feb;36(2):191-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181935; Le Pont F; Costagliola D; Valleron AJ; Rouzioux C
Genetic variants of human T-lymphotrophic virus type II in American Indian groups.: Virology. 1996 Feb 1;216(1):165-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U33913; Biggar RJ; Taylor ME; Neel JV; Hjelle B; Levine PH; Black FL; Shaw GM; Sharp PM; Hahn BH; Viral Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland, USA.; The human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) is found in many New World Indian groups in North and South America and may have entered the New World from Asia with the earliest migration of ancestral Amerindians over 15,000 years ago. To characterize the phylogenetic relationships of HTLV-II strains infecting geogr
Intracellular immunization against SIVmac utilizing a hairpin ribozyme.: Virology. 1996 Feb 1;216(1):241-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187812; Heusch M; Kraus G; Johnson P; Wong-Staal F; Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0665, USA.; A hairpin ribozyme targeting the 3 LTR region (9456) of SIVmac238 was cloned into a murine retroviral vector. This target sequence is conserved among various SIV, as well as most HIV-2, strains. The ribozyme cassette is driven from a polymerase III promoter, that of the human tRNAval gene. Hybrid human B-/T-cell line
Down-modulation of HIV-1 LTR activity by an extra-LTR nef gene fragment.: Virology. 1996 Feb 1;216(1):245-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187813; Ludvigsen A; Werner T; Gimbel W; Erfle V; Brack-Werner R; GSF-Institut fur Molekulare Virologie, Neuherberg, Germany.; The objective of this study was to assess the inhibitory effect of potential negative regulatory elements on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) activity. This was carried out by pairwise comparisons of reporter gene activities of HIV-LTR-CAT constructs differing in the presence and absence
Differential effects of I kappa B molecules on Tat-mediated transactivation of HIV-1 LTR.: Virology. 1996 Feb 1;216(1):284-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187819; Harhaj E; Blaney J; Millhouse S; Sun SC; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State; University College of Medicine, Hershey Medical Center 17033,; USA.; The tat gene product of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strongly induces the transcription directed by the viral long terminal repeat (LTR). Tat acts by interacting with a target RNA element located immediately downstream of the initiation site. In addition, the action of Tat appears to be assisted by
Resistance to V3-directed neutralization caused by an N-linked oligosaccharide depends on the quaternary structure of the HIV-1 envelope oligomer.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):134-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207402; Schonning K; Jansson B; Olofsson S; Nielsen JO; Hansen JS; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, 2650,; Denmark.; A conserved N-glycan present within the V3 loop of gp120 modulates the sensitivity to neutralization by antibodies directed to the V3 loop. A glycan-deficient mutant of HIVLAI, designated HIVA308, displayed a 100-fold increase in sensitivity to neutralization by anti-V3 MAb NEA-9205 compared to wild-type HIVLAI. This
Endogenous mouse mammary tumor virus Mtv-17 is involved in Mtv-2-induced tumorigenesis in GR mice.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):14-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207390; Golovkina TV; Prakash O; Ross SR; Department of Microbiology/Cancer Center, University of; Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, 19104-6142, USA.; Mtv-2 is an endogenous mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) that is responsible for the induction of mammary gland tumors in the high mammary gland tumor-incidence strain GR. GR animals inherit four different endogenous MMTVs in addition to Mtv-2: Mtv-3, Mtv-7, Mtv-8 and Mtv-17. In this study we analyzed the involvement o
Vpx association with mature core structures of HIV-2.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):159-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207405; Kewalramani VN; Emerman M; Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Basic Science, Fred; Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1124 Columbia Street, Seattle,; Washington, 98104, USA.; Vpx is a virion-incorporated protein encoded by HIV-2 and certain strains of SIV which is necessary for efficient infection of lymphocytes and macrophages. To determine the location of Vpx within the HIV-2 particle, core structures were obtained from mature HIV-2 virions. Analysis of purified cores reveal the presence
Inhibition of HIV infection by pseudopeptides blocking viral envelope glycoprotein-mediated membrane fusion and cell death.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):181-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207407; Callebaut C; Jacotot E; Guichard G; Krust B; Rey-Cuille M; Cointe D; Benkirane N; Blanco J; Muller S; Briand J; Hovanessian AG; Unite de Virologie et Immunologie Cellulaire, UA 1157 CNRS,; Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, Paris Cedex 15, 75724,; France.; The RP dipeptide motif is highly conserved in the third hypervariable region (V3 loop) of the extracellular envelope glycoprotein of different types of HIV isolates. In view of this, we have designed and synthesized a construction referred to as template assembled synthetic peptide (TASP), in which a lysine-rich short
Biological properties of recombinant HIV envelope synthesized in CHO glycosylation-mutant cell lines.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):224-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207411; Fenouillet E; Miquelis R; Drillien R; CNRS URA 1455, Faculte de Medecine Nord, Marseille, 13015,; France.; N-glycosylation of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein precursor (gp160) occurs by transfer of Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 onto the nascent protein. Maturation then occurs via cleavage of the three Glc residues, which starts during translation. These events are considered necessary to create Env fu
Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a neutralization-resistant breakthrough population of HIV-1.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):238-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207413; Sirko DA; Ehrlich GD; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.; Certain antibody neutralization escape mutants of HIV-1 map outside of the antibody recognition epitope, thereby suggesting the presence of nonlinear conformational domains. In an effort to begin to define the interacting regions of the HIV envelope proteins, a neutralization-sensitive clone of HIV-1, HXB2/BH10Sal-Bam
Covalently crosslinked complexes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 and CD4 receptor elicit a neutralizing immune response that includes antibodies selective for primary virus isolates.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):258-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207417; Devico A; Silver A; Thronton AM; Sarngadharan MG; Pal R; Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc., 5510 Nicholson Lane,; Kensington, Maryland, 20895, USA.; Specific conformational changes in the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) may be critical for eliciting a broadly neutralizing immune response against primary virus isolates. Since the interaction of gp120 with its receptor, CD4, induces conformational perturbations in both
Glycoprotein incorporation and HIV-1 infectivity despite exchange of the gp160 membrane-spanning domain.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):269-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207419; Wilk T; Pfeiffer T; Bukovsky A; Moldenhauer G; Bosch V; Forschungsschwerpunkt Angewandte Tumorvirologie, Deutsches; Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, Heidelberg,; Germany.; We have examined the role of the membrane-anchoring domain of the HIV-1 glycoproteins in viral glycoprotein function, glycoprotein incorporation, and viral infectivity. For this purpose, we initially exchanged the entire membrane-spanning region with that from a cellular glycoprotein (CD22). Subsequently, the strictly
Syncytium formation by recombinant HTLV-II envelope glycoprotein.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):279-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207421; Li QX; Camerini D; Xie Y; Greenwald M; Kuritzkes DR; Chen IS; Department of Microbiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles,; California, 90095, USA.; Infection by human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) induces syncytium formation in certain cell types in vitro. Recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the HTLV-II envelope (Env) gp61-II were used to infect human cells, and syncytium formation was observed, demonstrating that HTLV-II Env expression was suf
A novel human amphotropic packaging cell line: high titer, complement resistance, and improved safety.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):290-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207423; Rigg RJ; Chen J; Dando JS; Forestell SP; Plavec I; Bohnlein E; SyStemix, 3155 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA.; Successful retroviral-mediated gene therapy will depend on safe, efficient packaging cell lines for vector particle production. Existing packaging lines for murine leukemia virus (MLV)-based vectors are predominantly derived from NIH/3T3 cells which carry endogenous MLV sequences that could participate in recombinatio
Mutational analysis of the fusion peptide of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1: identification of critical glycine residues.: Virology. 1996 Apr 1;218(1):94-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207398; Delahunty MD; Rhee I; Freed EO; Bonifacino JS; Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA.; The ability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to fuse its membrane with the membrane of the target cell is a function of a approximately 23-amino-acid amino-terminal segment of the gp41 subunit of the envelope glycoprotein complex, known as the fusion peptide. The sequence of the fusion peptide is highly
Perforating granuloma annulare and HIV [letter]: Acta Derm Venereol. 1995 Sep;75(5):407. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188258; Nunez M; Miralles ES; del Olmo N; Ledo A
Unanticipated diagnoses found at autopsy in an urban public teaching hospital.: Am J Med Sci. 1996 May;311(5):215-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195704; Bernicker EH; Atmar RL; Schaffner DL; Greenberg SB; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; Texas 77030, USA.; The authors set out to evaluate the use of the autopsy in an urban public teaching hospital setting during the AIDS era. Demographic and length of hospital stay data were obtained from weekly mortality review reports on all patients dying on the medicine service between 1/1/92 and 12/31/93. Clinical and autopsy diagno
Relation of stressors and depressive symptoms to clinical progression of viral illness.: Am J Psychiatry. 1996 May;153(5):626-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205271; Zorrilla EP; McKay JR; Luborsky L; Schmidt K; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania,; Philadelphia 19104, USA.; OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to determine whether and in whom stressors and depressive symptoms facilitate clinical recurrence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and progression of HIV. METHOD: Meta-analytic techniques were used to review the relations of stressors and depressive symptoms to clinical recurrence
Constituent analysis may permit improved diagnosis of intra-abdominal abscess.: Am J Surg. 1996 Mar;171(3):335-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199279; Galandiuk S; Gardner SA; Heinzelmann M; The Price Institute of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery,; University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky, USA.; BACKGROUND: Intra-abdominal abscesses (IAA) often fail to resolve with intravenous antibiotics alone and frequently require drainage. Diagnosis of IAA in postoperative patients with other likely sources of infection is very difficult. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In order to characterize IAA and identify parameters that migh
Small bowel obstruction from gastrointestinal histoplasmosis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome.: Am Surg. 1996 May;62(5):369-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196025; Spivak H; Schlasinger MH; Tabanda-Lichauco R; Ferstenberg H; Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New; York, USA.; Disseminated histoplasmosis is a rare condition that is associated with an underlying immune disorder in approximately 25 per cent of patients. It often leads to GI histoplasmosis, but when the disease predominantly affects the GI tract few, if any, pulmonary symptoms appear. Although histoplasmosis of the gastrointes
Human immunodeficiency virus infection presenting with lymphoepithelial cysts in a six-year-old child.: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1996 Mar;105(3):242-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202871; Mayer M; Haddad J Jr; Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Columbia-Presbyterian; Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Knowledge and attitudes of hospital-based physicians and trainees about HIV infection in the United States, Canada, India, and Thailand.: Arch Intern Med. 1996 Apr 8;156(7):761-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194214; Brachman P Jr; Kozarsky P; Cetron M; Jacob MS; Boonitt B; Wongsrichanalai J; Keystone JS; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, GA, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To examine the attitudes and knowledge of health care professionals regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in countries with a varying prevalence of HIV infection to assist in the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) educational programs. DESIGN: Anonymous questionnaire w
A checkerboard method to evaluate interactions between drugs.: Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Mar 8;51(5):635-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96178450; Martinez-Irujo JJ; Villahermosa ML; Alberdi E; Santiago E; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of; Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.; A method to evaluate interactions between biologically active agents is presented. Synergism, zero interaction, and antagonism were easily detected with the three-dimensional approach proposed herein. This method is compatible with a checkerboard design to diagnose the interaction between agents and obviate the need t
Community interventions double condom use among African-Americans. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):145-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700987; A follow-up study was conducted in San Francisco, CA on low-income African-American women who completed a five-week assertiveness and gender empowerment training program. Three months after the course, 47 percent of the women reported consistent condom use. Nearly half reported never having used a condom prior to the
Needle exchange may work, but officials wary. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):147-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700988; A Congressional panel endorsed the implementation of needle exchange programs (NEPs) that provide access to clean needles and syringes to injection drug users. However, experts are recommending that NEP advocates proceed without Federal funds or approval. It is unlikely that Congress will lift current NEP bans because
5 tips for running program that exchanges needles. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):149-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700989; Dr. Peter Lurie, needle exchange program (NEP) expert and advocate, offers five suggestions for the successful implementation of community-based NEPs. Lurie recommends building consensus among community groups, and advocates seeking exemption from state laws that prohibit NEPs. To maximize participation, Lurie advises
NEP advocates urged: set up needle exchange Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):151-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700990; The Point Defiance AIDS Projects, founded in 1988, is a successful needle exchange program (NEP) in Tacoma, WA. Program director David Purchase s approach to potential community resistance is based on the theory that it is better to seek forgiveness than to beg permission. Since its inception, the program has faced tw
Industry anticipates big savings with new masks. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):152-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700991; A variety of new, lowcost mask respirators will replace high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirators currently used by hospitals in the control and prevention of tuberculosis (TB). Previously, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has required HEPA masks since they were the only product t
OSHA gives green light to use 'N95' respirators. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):154. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700992; The N95 mask respirators have been approved by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for tuberculosis (TB) protection in hospitals. The new TB masks must filter particles 1 micron in size with a filter efficiency of at least 95 percent. Other qualifications include the ability to fit different face
Infectious bite treated as bloodborne transmission. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):155. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700993; The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is altering its guidelines for the prevention of HIV transmission following the first documented case of transmission through biting. Florida health officials determined that an HIV-positive prostitute with bleeding gums infected a 91-year-old man after severely bit
Standing up for yourself, good communication will help you get your partner to use a condom. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700994; African-American females are ten times more likely to be infected with HIV than white females. Half of the HIV-positive African-American women became infected through drugs; more than one-third had sexual relations with someone who was infected. Women are urged to insist on the use of a condom each time they engage in
NIOSH-certified particulate respirators. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Dec;10(12):suppl 1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700995; A chart is provided of respirators used for tuberculosis (TB) control, certified under 42 CFR Part 84 by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as of October 2, 1995. The chart includes the supplier name and phone number, respirator type and trade name, and exhalation valve availability. The
Health insurance pool can reject people with HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):1, 8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700997; A Federal appeals court judge has ruled that the South Carolina Health Insurance Pool (SCHIP) did not violate the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) when it refused to cover an HIV-infected applicant, Sam Givens. Givens applied to SCHIP, a state-sponsored health insurance pool, when he was unable to obtain private
Court upholds 'hot and sexy' AIDS education program. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):1, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700998; Hot, Sexy and Safer Productions, Inc. (HSSP), a Massachusetts consulting firm offering AIDS awareness programs, was sued for $3.5 million by a group of high school students and their parents for sexual harassment. HSSP presented a safer-sex program at the Chelsford High School in the Boston area. The program uses humo
Court says dentist's office isn't a public accommodation. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701000; In September 1995, the New York Supreme Court, Second District, reversed a decision made by the Division of Human Rights for a dentist to pay a patient $10,000 in compensatory damages. The agency ruled that disability-based discrimination is prohibited in places of public accommodation. The state Supreme Court, howeve
Restaurant to pay $25,000 to settle bartender's HIV firing. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701002; Larry Conway, an HIV-positive bartender, will receive $25,000 in damages from his former employer, The Pub, in Evansville, IL. The Federal Court ruled that Conway was terminated because he disclosed his HIV status to an emergency room nurse following a workplace-based accident. Upon hearing the news, restaurant owner
Extreme precautions seen as justifiable at the time. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701003; The New York Court of Appeals has upheld a dental clinic s decision to exercise extreme precautions while treating a patient thought to be HIV-positive. In October 1985, patient David Martell visited the North Shore University Hospital dental clinic for a root canal. When Dr. Steven Wald, the chief resident at the hos
New York pays $25,000 to settle HIV disclosure case. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701004; Three orphaned sisters received $25,000 in damages from New York City to settle a lawsuit that charged a caseworker from the city s Child Welfare Administration (CWA) with illegally revealing their mother s HIV status to the police. The mother, known as Mary Doe, had been receiving CWA services since 1987. In December
Uninfected nurse wins claim based on emotional distress. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701005; A Tennessee Supreme Court ruled that a nurse who accidentally stuck herself with a patient s needle is entitled to worker s compensation because the incident left her so emotionally distressed that she is no longer able to work. Nurse Marcia Stout, employed in the critical-care unit of Johnson City Medical Center Hosp
Court backs housing project over neighbors' objections. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701006; The West Hollywood Community Housing Corporation, a nonprofit group seeking to help people with AIDS, planned to create a forty-unit housing project for AIDS patients. Neighbors opposed to low-income housing for AIDS patients argued that the renovations would impair the architectural qualities of the site. The opponen
Suit charges movers quit work upon seeing man with AIDS in home. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701007; The U.S. Justice Department has sued Bekins Van Lines of Hillside, IL, and Scholer Enterprises, its local agent in Malvern, PA, with violating the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The companies are charged with refusing to move two Philadelphia residents because a neighbor with AIDS was present at the moving sit
Italy kills law enabling AIDS bandits to roam free. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701008; On October 18, 1995, Judge Giuliano Vassalli of the Constitutional Court in Rome, Italy , ruled that judges are no longer required to release incarcerated prisoners in the final stages of terminal illnesses. This ruling came in response to a rash of bank robberies committed by a grou
Marijuana as medicine. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701009; A Pierce County judge has ruled that physicians can prescribe marijuana for medical purposes. Judge Rosanne Buckner decided that lawyer Ralph Seeley, who is undergoing treatment for bone cancer, can use marijuana to ease the pain associated with chemotherapy. Buckner ruled that the patient s interest in using marijuan
HIV babies. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 1;10(21):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701010; A study conducted by researchers at the City University of New York determined that many U.S. physicians would withhold expensive medical treatments from babies born to HIV-infected mothers. Even if the baby s HIV tests were inconclusive, a substantial number of the 951 neonatologists surveyed would deny life-saving c
Activists at gathering plead with Clinton to take the lead. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):1, 10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701011; A speech delivered by President Bill Clinton at the December 6, 1995 White House Conference on HIV/AIDS was met with enthusiasm and optimism by those attending. President Clinton predicted that a cure for AIDS and a vaccine to prevent further infection would be developed. The President focused on his administration s
Mason Tenders agrees to pay $1 million to end ADA litigation. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):1, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701012; The Mason Tenders District Council Welfare Fund has agreed to pay $1 million to construction workers who have been denied medical coverage for AIDS-related care. The decision establishes self-insured health care benefits programs as covered entities under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The settlement ends
HIV test order killed because legal basis wasn't established. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701013; The California Court of Appeals, Sixth District, rejected an argument that a trial judge was empowered by Section 199.96 of the State Health and Safety Code to order HIV testing of a man convicted on two counts of lewd and lascivious conduct. Peter M. Guardado was arrested and tried for sexually molesting a twelve-yea
Law meant for smokers helps gay lawyer win bias suit. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701014; The Colorado Court of Appeals upheld a jury s verdict that Robert P. Borquez was fired illegally because of his employer s dislike of homosexuals and people with AIDS. Borquez, an attorney, kept his sexual orientation from his employer, the Denver, CO law firm of Ozer & Mullen. Upon learning that his companion had
Court spurns claim of patient who feared HIV from transplant. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701015; A three-judge panel in an Ohio appeals court has upheld the dismissal of a lawsuit filed by a woman who claimed she feared HIV infection from a donated bone graft. When Sheila S. Vogelsang sought surgery in September 1988 to alleviate pain in a herniated disc, her surgeon, Dr. Hwa-Shain Yeh, replaced the disc with a b
Judge says group home can't seek relief under ADA. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701016; U.S. District Judge Graham Mullen of North Carolina has ruled that the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) does not apply to zoning decisions denying disabled people access to benefits or services available to those who are not disabled. This ruling pertains to a portion of a lawsuit filed by Taylor Home of Charlott
Sex education critics get their say at Congressional hearings. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701017; Hearings conducted in December 1995 by the House Education and Opportunities subcommittee on oversight and investigations included criticism of school-based condom distribution programs and sex education. Rep. Peter Hoekstra (R-MI) led the hearings and stated that witnesses would examine the roles parents and students
Claim of past AIDS bias is insufficient basis for lawsuit. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701018; U.S. District Court Judge Thomas S. Ellis, III ruled that a woman with HIV has no standing under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) to seek injunctive relief against a doctor who claimed he would not touch a patient with HIV. Michelle Hoepfl was diagnosed with a ruptured breast implant and was referred to Dr. H
AIDS cases exceed half million, CDC says. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701019; According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. has passed the half-million mark in the number of documented AIDS cases. Of the 501,310 cases recorded between June 1981 and October 31, 1995, 62 percent have died. Nearly half of the cases were reported since January 1993. Nationally, rates o
HIV specialist faces trial on kickback allegations. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701020; A Federal judge has refused to dismiss criminal charges against an Ohio physician, Dr. Elliot H. Neufeld, who allegedly sought kickbacks from Caremark International, Inc., a national health care provider. Neufeld specialized in the treatment of HIV, and is charged with seeking money in return for referring home-infusi
Final seven advisors named to President's AIDS Council. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701021; The final seven advisors to President Clinton s Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS have been named. The new advisors are: Stephen N. Abel, Tonio Burgos, Jerry Cade, B. Thomas Henderson, Helen Miramontes, Robert Michael Rankin, and Richard W. Stafford.
Employer isn't liable for damages if worker kept HIV status secret. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Dec 29;10(22):11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701022; A Federal judge has ruled that Louis Gomez, a California bus driver with AIDS, is not eligible for discrimination damages. Gomez was terminated by Muggli Inc. because he solicited a tip from a passenger. Gomez alleged that his reduction in hours and firing were due to his AIDS diagnosis, and sued under the Americans w
Where have all the activists gone? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):10-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701028; McFarlane R; The development of AIDS activism is traced and is accompanied by criticism of the lack of aggressive leadership and initiative from the public health establishment. The early 1980s marked the first attempt at aggressive AIDS activism, eventually leading to the creation of the New York-based ACT UP. ACT UP s efforts sp
New technologies for quantifying HIV: amplification assays directly measure the virus at all stages of infection. Second of a series. Glaxo Wellcome USA Inc. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):14-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701029; Glaxo Wellcome Incorporated, Research Triangle Park, NC.; Gene amplification technology offers new and accurate options for measuring HIV and evaluating progress of HIV infection. Specific techniques include quantitative polymerase chain reaction and branched DNA methods. The limitations of traditional viral markers, the significance of plasma for viral analysis, and CD4 cel
Paradigms, platitudes, opportunists. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):16-24, 26-9 contd. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701030; Mascolini M; Research developments and problems in managing opportunistic diseases were addressed at the 1995 Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) and the European Conference on Clinical Aspects and Treatment of HIV Infection. Topics included how HIV develops into AIDS, the use of antiretroviral
An interview with Charles A.B. Boucher, MD, PhD. [interview by Mark Mascolini] Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):30-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701031; Boucher CAB; Academic Hospital, Utrecht, Netherlands.; In an interview, Dr. Charles A. B. Boucher responds to questions about double resistance to 3TC and ZDV, the effects of mutations on reverse transcriptase inhibitors, viral load and prospects for individualized therapy, combination drug therapy issues
Non-HIV highlights of the 35th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):36, 39, 41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701032; Prescott LM; The main non-HIV presentations at the 1995 Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) are reviewed. Issues addressed vancomycin resistance, the use of antibiotics in overcoming drug resistance, two new classes of antibiotics that are active against resistant gram-positive bacteria, hepati
Congress votes to shred Medicaid safety net. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):40-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701033; Barnes M; AIDS Action Council, Washington, DC.; Congress recently passed budget bills ending Medicaid entitlement status, transforming the Federal-state partnership into block grants to the states. Medicaid funding would be slashed by $170 billion over seven years. A White House/Congress reconciliation may arise that will stop short of block-granting the program an
The AIDS gang and justice for HIV-positive prisoners. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):42-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701034; Senak M; AIDS Project Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.; A 1993 Italian law sparing people with AIDS from being prosecuted or jailed for a crime has spawned numerous criminal activities committed by AIDS patients, known as the AIDS Gang. The law, originally passed to spare government money to build separate facilities for AIDS prisoners, has outraged the Italian public. Suc
Asian child prostitution on rise despite new laws. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701035; McIntosh A; Child prostitution is increasing in Asia, and is estimated to include more than a million children. Asian countries are prosecuting more offenders, but actual convictions are negligible, often because police are in collusion with the syndicates. One factor sustaining the child prostitution industry is the belief that
Cambodian AIDS campaign set back, says UN report. United Nations. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701036; Cambodia s crackdown on brothels and intimidation of prostitutes to lessen the spread of HIV/AIDS is only succeeding in driving the sex industry underground. Even anti-HIV posters promoting condom use were taken down because of public complaints. The World Health Organization (WHO) est
One million HIV-positive in KwaZulu-Natal next year? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Nov;1(10):46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701037; Official statistics showed a sharp increase in HIV infection in KwaZulu-Natal ( South Africa ) in 1994. Research is showing that by 1996, KwaZulu-Natal will have nearly one million people infected with HIV. The latest Department of Health data found the national level of HIV infecti
Oral ganciclovir. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: STEP Perspect. 1995 Winter;7(3):1, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701038; Schouten JT; Oral ganciclovir (OG) has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) for the prevention of primary and secondary cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection. OG (Cytovene) delays the appeara
Nutrition power upside-down. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: STEP Perspect. 1995 Winter;7(3):2-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701039; Jensen J; Project Angel Food, Los Angeles, CA.; People with HIV/AIDS have very different nutritional needs than people who are HIV-negative. From diet to exercise, the advice for people with HIV/AIDS is almost the exact opposite of that for HIV-negative people. HIV/AIDS-infected people should eat more saturated fats to raise their blood cholesterol level. Red meat
Current views on vaccination. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: STEP Perspect. 1995 Winter;7(3):4-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701040; Hubert J; There are two types of vaccines: T-cell dependent, those that require well-functioning T-cells to achieve immunity, and T-cell independent, those that do not. Recent studies have questioned these vaccines potential stimulation of HIV activity. These results show that the effectiveness of using T-cell dependent vaccin
A review of the Conference on HIV Infection in Women. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: STEP Perspect. 1995 Winter;7(3):7-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701041; Huffbauer SB; Country Doctor Clinic, Seattle, WA.; Studies have shown that the differences between men and women with HIV have more to do with access to health care than to biological differences. HIV-positive women have a higher mortality rate than HIV-positive men because they are less likely to be treated with drugs such as
Review of viral load and combination therapy data from 35th Annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: STEP Perspect. 1995 Winter;7(3):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701042; Bray JM; Research on HIV viral loads and combination therapy was presented at the 35th Annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC). Research has shown that ten billion HIV particles are produced daily in an infected individual s body. The HIV
Protease inhibitors. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: STEP Perspect. 1995 Winter;7(3):12-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701043; Schouten JT; Protease inhibitors (PRIs) are a diverse group of drugs which block an HIV-1 enzyme needed for the production of new viruses. PRIs stop the production of HIV in newly- or chronically-infected cells. There are currently six PRIs in clinical phase I or II trials:
University of Washington AIDS clinical trials unit. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: STEP Perspect. 1995 Winter;7(3):14-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701044; The University of Washington AIDS Clinical Trials Unit is acting as coordinator for nineteen studies. The study topics include antiretrovirals, opportunistic infections, other conditions, and natural history studies. All screening tests, study medications, and laboratory and clinical monitoring are free for study part
Treatment for primary infection. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):1, 3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701053; Smart T; Because of a better understanding of viral replication and viral variance during primary infection, an early aggressive intervention strategy in the course of HIV-1 infections is being favored by virologist David Ho, M.D. Two studies suggest that the rate of progression to AIDS can be predicted by the level at which a
A kinder, gentler ddC... for $7,200 a year. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701054; Hoffman-LaRoche s saquinavir ( Invirase ) is the first protease inhibitor to be granted approval by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ). The drug can be marketed for use in people with advanced HIV disease in combination with approved nucleoside
3TC/AZT: just another combination. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701055; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) has granted approval for the use of 3TC ( Epivir ) in combination with
Immunosuppressive drugs and corticosteroids for HIV infection. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):5-7, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701056; Loftus R; Cyclosporine (CsA), corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide (CY), and methotrexate (TX) have been proposed for, or have entered, trials for HIV infection or AIDS. CsA acts specifically against T-cells in the early stages of activation. Reports on the use of CsA in people with HIV are contradictory; positive results from two
Sandoz axes cyclosporine research. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701057; Gilden D; The Swiss pharmaceutical company, Sandoz , canceled research on the compound NIM 811, even though it has been discovered to inhibit HIV three times more potently than their drug cyclosporine. Although NIM 811 is a 1,700-fold weaker immunosuppressant, it seems preferable to cyclosp
Ritonavir expanded access. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701058; Abbott Laboratories has announced an expanded access program for ritonavir , a protease inhibitor. Any person with HIV who is over twelve years of age and has a CD4 cell count below fifty is eligible to take place
Peptide T. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701059; A 215-person trial sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) has found that peptide T offers no benefit for people with HIV-related cognitive impairments. Peptide Technologies, of Australia , will discontinue all further studies of peptide T in the
Chinese herb trial. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701060; St. Luke s-Roosevelt Hospital in New York has opened a phase I/II clinical trial of AZT and TJ-9, a blend of seven medicinal herbs from a traditional oriental medicine known as Xiao Chai Hu Tang. The preparation, also known as Sho-Saiko-To (SSKT), app
Cytolin: hype-driven therapy. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Dec;9(12):11-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701061; Sawyer D; The public and the media are interested in Cytolin, an immune-based therapy unapproved by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ). Cytolin consists of a specific antibody derived from mice. The antibody recognizes and binds to a specific protein, S6F1. Adverse reactions from a nonhuman
Lottery opens for Abbott protease drug. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701062; Baker R; In January 1996, Abbott Laboratories , the manufacturer of ritonavir , will start an expanded access program to make the drug available to 2,000 people with AIDS worldwide. Participation will be determined by a lott
Early approval for two lipid-based drugs. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701063; Baker R; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) has granted accelerated approval for Doxil (doxorubicin HCl liposome injection) for treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), and Abelcet (amphotericin B lipid complex) for aspergillosis, a rare but life-threatening fungal illness related
FDA approves oral ganciclovir as first drug to prevent CMV disease. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701064; Baker R; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) has approved oral ganciclovir (Cytovene) to prevent initial episodes of CMV retinitis and other forms of CMV disease among individuals with advanced AIDS (fewer than 100 CD4 cell/mm3). The
Thalidomide for mouth ulcers and wasting. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701065; Baker R; Thalidomide (Synovir), noted for causing severe birth defects when taken by pregnant women, can effectively and safely heal serious mouth ulcers (oral aphthous ulcers) in people with HIV infection. Interim results from a study supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) show that ulc
Americans aged 27-39 and minorities at highest risk for HIV infection. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701066; Baker R; A National Cancer Institute (NCI) study indicates the risk of HIV infection among older Americans and white males has leveled off, while people between the ages of 27 and 39, and minorities, are most likely to become HIV-infected. In January 1993, women in this age group were about four times less likely to become HIV
Defective HIV may hold clue to effective vaccine. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701067; Baker R; Research studies indicate that the lack of an intact nef gene is responsible for the low levels of HIV in the blood of long-term non-progressors. Other research shows that deleting nef from the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) renders the life-threatening virus harmless, potentially making it possible to create a h
FDA approves 3TC and saquinavir. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:5, 9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701068; Baker R; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) has granted accelerated approval of the 3TC ( Epivir )/
Abandoning hopelessness. Reform of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701069; Baker R; Combination drug therapy is delaying disease progression and prolonging survival in HIV-infected people. Better viral load testing helps direct drug therapies, improving the outlook for AIDS patients. Unfortunately, the Food and Drug Administration s ( FDA ) drug approval process, while
World class care at Kaiser? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701070; Baker R; ACT UP, charging Kaiser Permanente with substandard treatment of people with AIDS, has presented the company with a list of demands. The demands include faster patient access to their own doctors and to specialists, lengthening patient hospital stays when appropriate, offering viral testing to HIV-positive individuals
Antiretroviral treatment progress reports from a European conference. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:10-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701071; Chang HE; The Fifth European Conference on Clinical Aspects and Treatment of HIV Infection, held in Denmark in 1995, included presentations on protease inhibitor drugs. Highlights from these presentations, as well as those on the issue of cro
Immune restoration think tank 5. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:13, 53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701072; Bowers M; San Francisco AIDS Foundation, San Francisco, CA.; Project Immune Restoration participants were asked to share ideas about AIDS research to promote new research protocols and to quickly move the protocols into the clinic. Ideas presented included using triple antiretroviral combinations as an inclusion criterion for protocols involving higher risk procedures, such as
A perspective on viral load testing. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:15-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701073; Levin J; National AIDS Treatment Advocacy Project, San Francisco, CA.; Roche Molecular Systems and Chiron Inc. are filing for approval of their viral load tests. Viral load assays, used in all protease inhibitor trials, will eventually be used to screen blood products and plasma. The tests, which measure HIV RNA, can identify individuals at high risk of disease progression. However, the
Mycobacterium avium complex disease. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:17-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701074; Hanna L; Current treatment and prophylaxis trends for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are examined, and related issues and conflicts are provided. Issues include how MAC is acquired; its pathogenesis; its clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment options; follow-up to treatment; treatment advances and future directio
Herpesviruses. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:33-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701075; Bowers M; San Francisco AIDS Foundation, San Francisco, CA.; The signs, symptoms, diagnoses, and treatment of human herpesviruses are discussed, including advances and refinements in treatment options. Various treatment drugs, such as Zovirax , Famvir, Cidofovir, Foscarnet, Valtrex, and Virend, are examined. Genital herpes vaccines and pos
Conference news highlights. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:41-7, 53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701076; Hanna L; Highleyman L; Presentation summaries from two 1995 conferences dealing with AIDS, the Thirty-Fifth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) and the Fourth Annual Women and HIV Conference, are presented. Highlights from ICAAC include discussions on HIV disease treatment issues, gynecologic concerns, o
Selected open clinical trials for HIV/AIDS treatments. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: BETA. 1995 Dec;:55-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701077; Vega G; A list of open clinical trials investigating various HIV/AIDS treatments are highlighted, including trials concerning the treatment of opportunistic diseases, immune enhancements, and adult clinical trials that allow entry for children and adolescents. Each study is briefly described, eligibility requirements are list
Combination therapy increases survival. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):2-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701078; A review is provided of Delta and ACTG 175 studies which addressed the use of combination therapies involving AZT . Many researchers and doctors believe the Delta study yielded the most reliable proof of the efficacy of
New protease inhibitor studies. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701079; Several drug companies are testing different brands of protease inhibitors . Two New York studies are enrolling people with T4 cell counts between 150 and 500, and between 100 and 500. The first trial is studying saquinavir in combination with
Treatment for weight loss, tuberculosis and AIDS? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701080; Thalidomide is being tested as an anti-HIV drug, a weight loss treatment, an immune system regulator, a tuberculosis treatment supplement, and a treatment for microsporidiosis . It is also an effective treatment for aphthous ulcers. Four thalidomide trials are now enrol
New type of HIV drug. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701081; A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, HBY 097, is being tested in a 12-week study. The new drug may weaken resistant HIV so that it is not as harmful to the body. Participants must have T cell counts between 200 and 500, and cannot have taken any anti-HIV drugs.
Vitamin A type drug for Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701082; 9-cis-retinoic-acid, a common acne cream, is being examined as a treatment for Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Participants will apply the cream directly on the lesions twice daily for the first two weeks, and four times daily for two more weeks. Participants must not have systemic KS or be using any other KS treatments.
Herpesvirus treatment for KS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701083; Acyclovir , once thought to have been useful for treating Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) caused by a herpesvirus, does not help. However, foscarnet and ganciclovir (two herpesvirus treatments) studies are showing that they may be useful in treating KS. Participants must have had KS for le
Some good news about preventing PCP pneumonia. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701084; A recent Spanish study has shown that Bactrim, a treatment for PCP pneumonia, can be taken three times a week instead of once daily. Using Bactrim, also known as Septra, in this manner produces fewer side effects while still remaining effective. The study confirms the results of several previous small studies done in
CMV drug approved. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701085; A study of oral ganciclovir against CMV has shown a near fifty percent reduction in disease incidence. Oral ganciclovir has since been approved by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ). Some concern exists that if CMV develops
New treatment for cryptosporidiosis. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701086; A New York City study is testing nitazoxanide as a treatment for cryptosporidiosis, a disease characterized by diarrhea and cramping abdominal pain. The study is being conducted at Cornell Medical Center in New York City.
New trial for CMV retinitis. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701087; An ACTG placebo-controlled trial is testing the human anti- CMV antibody, MSL 109, in combination with either foscarnet or ganciclovir for treating CMV retinitis. A full description of the study can be obtained by calling The Network.
Kids studies. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701088; New protease inhibitor studies at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) are enrolling children. The inhibitors being studied are Crixivan and ritonavir . Study descriptions can by obtain
Warts treatment. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Treat Rev. 1995 Nov;(no 20):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701089; New York University Medical Center is testing an alpha-interferon-stimulating cream, imiquimod, for anal and genital wart treatment. More information can be obtained by calling The Network at (800)734-7104.
Communities of caring: integrating mental health and medical care for HIV-infected women. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Focus. 1995 Nov;10(12):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701093; Harris K; Williams LD; Cook County Hospital, HIV Primary Care Center, Women and Children; HIV Program, Chicago, IL.; The Women and Children HIV Program (WHCP) of Cook County Hospital s Primary Care Center in Chicago combines medical and mental health care in a unique model of health service delivery. The program employs a therapeutic intervention known as Milieu Treatment, based on the theory that participating in healthy, controlle
Clearinghouse: women and care. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Focus. 1995 Nov;10(12):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701094; A list of resources providing information on women and care includes articles on the following: women s health centers, the progression of HIV disease in women, models of women s health care; and integrating mental and medical care services for women. Other articles discuss an integrated agenda for women s and childre
Permanency planning for HIV-affected children. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Focus. 1995 Nov;10(12):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701095; Brazelton MK; Lewis J; Legal Services for Children, HOPE Project, San Francisco, CA.; As many as 125,000 children in the U.S. are expected to lose their parents to AIDS by the year 2000, making permanency planning for their future care a critical issue. Permanency planning is an alternative to foster care and adoption. Since HIV-positive parents may have periods of good health alternating with periods
Lamivudine (3TC) approved for combination use with AZT. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 1;(no 236):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701108; James JS; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) used accelerated approval regulations to approve the use of Glaxo-Wellcome s lamivudine ( Epivir / 3TC ) in combin
PMPA in perspective. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 1;(no 236):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701109; James JS; PMPA, an experimental anti-HIV drug, is a member of a new class of drugs called nucleotide analogs. PMPA gained attention when it was reported that it completely protected macaque monkeys from SIV (a virus closely related to HIV). No other potential treatment has been able to do this. It is difficult to tell how quick
DOXIL approved for KS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 1;(no 236):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701110; James JS; DOXIL , a liposomal form of the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin which allows higher concentrations to be delivered to Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) lesions or cancer tumors, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ). The guideli
New double vs. triple antiviral combination study, CD4 200-500, no prior treatment. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 1;(no 236):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701111; James JS; A clinical trial, protocol ICC-002, is comparing three anti-HIV treatment regimens: 1) AZT and ddI; 2) AZT, ddI, and 3TC ; and 3) AZT, ddI, and
Medical marijuana: 80% U.S. voter support. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 1;(no 236):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701112; James JS; A national poll reveals widespread support for the medical use of marijuana. The American Civil Liberties Union polled 1001 registered voters and found that eighty percent approve of marijuana use to relieve pain symptoms. A majority also favored decriminalization. The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana
California: medical marijuana petition drive begins. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 1;(no 236):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701113; A volunteer organization, Californians for Compassionate Use, has begun collecting 600,000 signatures to get the Medical Marijuana Initiative on the November 1996 ballot in California. The Initiative would allow physicians to legally prescribe marijuana, and patients or caregivers who have a prescription would be lega
Internet censorship: Congress moves toward final decision. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 1;(no 236):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701114; Mirken B; The House and the Senate have passed proposals restricting the online access to obscene or indecent information. AIDS activists and service organizations fear that the proposals will restrict the distribution of HIV/AIDS information. A House/Senate conference committee soon will meet for a final decision. Religious ri
Saquinavir (Invirase): first protease inhibitor approved--reimbursement, information hotline numbers. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 22;(no 237):1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701135; James JS; Saquinavir, developed by Hoffmann-LaRoche under the trade name Invirase , is the first protease inhibitor to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) for use in combination with one or more unspecified nucleoside analogs. Rifampin sho
Abbott protease inhibitor lottery in January, CD4 under 50--registration now. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 22;(no 237):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701136; A lottery will be used to select 2,000 participants for Abbott Laboratories worldwide expanded access program for the protease inhibitor, ritonavir (previously known as ABT-538). The lottery will begin in January 1996. Participants must be over the a
Major protease inhibitor triple combination trial begins soon: CD4 under 200, AZT experienced, 3TC naive. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 22;(no 237):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701137; James JS; ACTG 320, a nationwide trial, will compare the triple combination therapy , indinavir plus AZT plus
Wasting syndrome: oral oxandrolone re-released in U.S. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 22;(no 237):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701138; James JS; More than thirty years ago, the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approved the oral anabolic steroid oxandrolone (brand name Oxandrin) for regaining weight lost from infectious diseases. Companies in the United States have not manufactured it because
Lymphoma: MGBG new studies, compassionate use in earlier disease. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 22;(no 237):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701139; Mascolini M; Two studies of mitoguazone (MGBG) have led researchers to believe the drug would be effective in the treatment of newly-diagnosed AIDS lymphoma, especially lymphoma of the central nervous system. ILEX, MGBS s developer, can help people who qualify for new trials but are unable to get to one of the twenty-nine trial ce
ACTG clinical trial sites: seven cut, two added. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Dec 22;(no 237):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701140; The status of the clinical research budget for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) will remain unknown until the complete Federal budget is agreed upon by the Congress and the President. Seven of the current thirty-five sites of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG), operated by the National Institute of Allergy a
3TC approved: now for the tough questions. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):6-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701151; Mascolini M; Three clinical investigators examine key questions on the use of 3TC /ZDV therapy for patients with HIV infection, including previously-untreated patients. Questions addressed are: 1) Is adding 3TC to the regimens of ZDV-experienced individuals as enti
Protease inhibitors and nucleosides: how many? when? An interview with Stefano Vella, MD. [interview by Mark Mascolini] Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):12-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701152; Vella S; Stefano Vella, head of the Retrovirus Section of Rome s Istituto Superiore di Sanita, provides his thoughts on protease inhibitors and nucleosides and explains why he feels AIDS investigators need to be more imaginative. Dr. Vella responds to questions concerning th
Noninfectious skin disorders. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):20-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701153; Cockerell CJ; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.; Many noninfectious cutaneous signs and symptoms, some remarkably prevalent, have been described in patients with HIV. Among these skin disorders are seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and Reiter s syndrome; noninfectious papular pruritic disorders; vasculitis; photoinduced and photoaggravated conditions; cutaneous drug
Highlights of the Eighth European Cancer Conference. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):34-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701155; Prescott LM; Clinical and research oncologists, cancer nurses, and other healthcare professionals met to discuss the latest advances in prevention and treatment of cancers at the Eighth European Cancer Conference. Professionals discussed a novel treatment (Irinotecan) for advanced colorectal cancers; a unique anticancer agent (Doc
Can Europe afford combination therapy? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701156; Alcorn K; Mounting drug costs for AIDS patients in Europe are becoming problematic. An urgent need is being expressed in the UK to prove that combination therapy makes financial sense in terms of reducing patient stays, outpatient visits, and concomitant medication costs.
AIDS on rise in Asia, peaking in parts of Europe. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701157; Nebehay S; There are an estimated three million people with HIV and AIDS in Asia. India and Thailand bear the majority of infections. The sub-Saharan African region has been hardest hit by the epidemic, but it is rapidly spreading in
Germans jailed on World AIDS Day over tainted blood. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):40-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701158; A German court convicted three company executives for distributing shoddily tested blood products, causing the deaths of at least two people from AIDS and panicking thousands of others. These actions have thrown a harsh light on the practices and supervision of small German blood processing firms and have deterred tho
Children with AIDS need equal rights. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701159; Charles D; As more children become infected with HIV, they must be protected against discrimination. The World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that the pandemic shows no signs of abating, particularly in Asia. In Thailand alone, almost 100,000 children w
FDA approves Biaxin for MAC prophylaxis. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701160; In 1995, the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) extended the label use of Biaxin (clarithromycin) to include prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium Avium complex (MAC). Clinical trials demonstrated that clarithromycin decreased the risk of
Doxil offers hope to KS sufferers. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):43-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701161; Prescott LM; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) has given market clearance to Doxil, an injectable stealth liposome formulation of doxorubicin, for treatment of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in AIDS patients with disease that has progressed on prior combination chemotherapy or in patients who are into
2000 PWAs to get ritonavir via expanded access. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701162; AIDS patients over age twelve, with CD4 counts of fifty or less, and who meet other health status-related criteria will be eligible to participate in the Abbott Laboratories ritonavir lottery program. About 2,000 patients worldwide with advanced AIDS
European hurdles for saquinavir. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701163; European authorities want Hoffmann-LaRoche to offer a higher dose of saquinavir than what is currently offered (1,800 mg). A Stanford University study will lead U.S. physicians to prescribe 3,600 mg or even 7,200 mg per day to achieve greater antiviral effect. Hoffmann-LaRoche argues that it has no large-scale data su
British sex ad responses overwhelm researchers. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Dec;1(11):46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701164; Gorna R; British sex researchers interviewed 745 bisexual men and found that 33 percent had told their female partners about the men, and 95 percent had told the men about the women. On average, the bisexual men had three male sexual partners per year and three female partners. Less than one percent thought they were gay. In t
Four new concepts for combatting HIV infection...and why they won't be tried anytime soon. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):1-3, 13-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701165; New generation antiviral drugs and the widespread availability of PCR tests for measuring viral load have opened up new treatment regimens for HIV infection. Four treatment regimen strategies are described. The strategies involve activation of dormantly infected compartments of the immune system, creation of a steadie
Benefits of combination therapy confirmed. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701166; Cheng B; Two large studies, Delta and ACTG 175, comparing single drug antiviral treatment to combination therapy , are discussed. Three tables supply data showing mortality rates between patients receiving AZT m
Medicaid cuts threaten care for people with AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701167; Donnelly A; The 104th Congress, in asking for cuts in Medicaid, is severely harming people with HIV/AIDS by taking away their guarantee to essential services. These cuts will affect preventive care, prenatal care, prescription medications, and other services that treat and prevent a wide variety of secondary infections. The propo
HIV infection and managed care. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701168; Donnelly A; The pitfalls of the health care managed care system are discussed. Ways to best ensure receipt of quality care from a managed care program, particularly for those with HIV infection, are described. How managed care is changing health care delivery in America with its capitated payment system is explained. Important is
FDA committee recommends approval of three new drugs. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701169; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee has recommended that 3TC , d4T , and saquinavir be approved under accelerated
Advances in prevention and treatment of MAC. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701170; Cheng B; Several new studies are attempting to optimize prevention and treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex infection. Studies from California, France , and Canada are creating new data showing that a three-drug combination using clarithromycin is sup
New treatment for ITP. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701171; Wood D; A new treatment for HIV-related idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) has been developed. The treatment, WinRho SDTM, is a form of the intravenous immunoglobulin, IVIG. IVIG has been successful at reducing the ability of HIV antibody-fragment clusters to bind to platelets, thus preventing the body from destroying
Comparing RNA PCR tests. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701172; Cheng B; Comparisons are made of RNA PCR test kits, namely Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR, Roche PCR); bDNA (branched-chain DNA); and NASBA (nucleic acid sequence-based amplification). Studies suggest these tests give similar results; bDNA is generally found to be more consistently reproducible than Q-PCR or NAS
What's all this stuff about logs? The low-down on reading the PCR test. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):15-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701173; PCR measures of viral load activity in the blood need to be interpreted using a logarithmic scale in order to simplify the large numbers these tests usually generate. Several examples are provided for logarithmic interpretation of PCR measures, and points to remember about data interpretation are highlighted. Effects
Immune-based therapies. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):16-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701174; Lein B; Several immune-based HIV therapy studies presented at the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents Chemotherapy (ICAAC) are summarized. These studies involve the following therapies: HIV-IT, a gene therapy approach to augmenting the body s anti-HIV responses; interferon-alpha n3, a new formulation of alpha inte
Antiviral drug resistance. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):18-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701175; Representatives from pharmaceutical companies discussed cross resistance to protease inhibitors (PI) at a meeting sponsored by Project Inform and the Gay Men s Health Crisis of New York. Observations included the following: PI cross-resistance is still largely an un
The new National Board of Governors. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: PI Perspect. 1995 Dec;(no 17):20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701176; A new national Board of Governors for Project Inform is announced. New board members and their affiliations are listed. Robert Gallo of the Institute of Human Virology, John James of AIDS Treatment News, and Paul Volberding of UCSF AIDS Program are among the new members.
Moving beyond rhetoric, fantasy and denial: Medicaid reform and unbalanced budget priorities. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Update Natl Minor COUNC. 1995 Nov/Dec;:1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701202; Owens MB; U.S. budgetary priorities under the Medicaid Transformation Act of 1995 are discussed in terms of how they affect the Medicaid program. Specific areas addressed include how the budget deficit became so large and why the current fixation on the budget deficit is misguided. Concluding remarks focus on six principles tha
Comparison of House-Senate Medicaid proposals. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Update Natl Minor COUNC. 1995 Nov/Dec;:3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701203; House and Senate Medicaid proposals are presented in a chart format addressing each issue. Issues compared are: Federal spending, eligibility, benefits, cost-sharing, set-asides, causes of action, Federal task forces, state plans, quality assurance, nursing home quality standards, provider payments, waivers, and deliv
Mandatory HIV testing provisions in CARE Act reauthorization bill negatively impacts women of color. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Update Natl Minor COUNC. 1995 Nov/Dec;:5, 8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701204; Maldonado M; The mandatory HIV testing provision of the CARE Act Reauthorization will negatively impact women of color. Ultimately, the Amendment will function to undermine the very purpose of the CARE Act, i.e., to facilitate access to a continuum of HIV treatment and care. The National Minority AIDS Council s position on mandato
FY96 appropriations on hold as we enter the new fiscal year. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Update Natl Minor COUNC. 1995 Nov/Dec;:6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701205; Maldonado M; A summary of the House and Senate appropriations proposals concerning AIDS-related program funding for FY96 is presented. The following programs are discussed: the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act, the Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration, the Centers for Disease Control an
AIDS and the college student. [letter] Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Posit Aware. 1995 Nov/Dec;VI(6):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701206; Madrigal C; Illinois State University, Normal, IL.; One in five AIDS cases in the United States involves young adults, particularly college students. Shame and fear of ostracization by fellow students often drive HIV-positive people to be secretive about their disease, causing additional stress and depression. To respond to this problem
Thalidomide and wasting. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Posit Aware. 1995 Nov/Dec;VI(6):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701207; The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) has approved an expanded thalidomide program. Patients must receive submission approval and pay approximately $85 a month for the drug. Additional information can be obtained by calling the Celgene Corporatio
Studies confirm value of early and combination treatments. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Posit Aware. 1995 Nov/Dec;VI(6):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701208; Vazquez E; Studies confirm that combination drug therapy, ddI or ddC with AZT , is better than AZT monotherapy. ACTG 175 shows a 50 percent decline in progression to AIDS or death in 32 percent o
Oral health--more than just a pretty smile. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Posit Aware. 1995 Nov/Dec;VI(6):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701210; Toups J; Changes in oral health may indicate HIV disease progression or HIV seropositivity in patients who are unaware of their HIV status. Regular dental checkups and care are important because it is easier to deal with a problem in its early stages than to wait until it becomes painful or debilitating. Oral conditions seen i
Picky, picky. Doctor-patient relationships. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Posit Aware. 1995 Nov/Dec;VI(6):13-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701211; McGuire S; HIV-infected people, more than others, need a positive doctor-patient relationship because research shows that a patient s emotional state can affect the course of an illness. Doctors that let their patients talk without interruption, encourage cooperation with treatments and testing, provide follow-up care, and expre
Another growth opportunity. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Posit Aware. 1995 Nov/Dec;VI(6):15-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701212; Larson P; HIV-positive individuals should ask key questions about coping personally and financially before deciding to become unemployed. Individuals should be aware and understand how to bridge medical benefit gaps, qualify for disability and social security, and learn to separate work and income when collecting disability ben
Gene therapy: beating HIV at its own game. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Posit Aware. 1995 Nov/Dec;VI(6):22-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701213; Servilio J; Gene therapy difficulties and promising approaches are discussed. Virus replication inhibitors, including ribozymes, RNA decoys, and transdominant mutant proteins, have made the greatest progress. Gene immunotherapy and the problems it presents are discussed. A sidebar defines the following HIV-related drug classifica
Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma with multiple integrations of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I proviral DNA: differing clinical features are linked to varied proviral integration.: Br J Haematol. 1996 Mar;92(3):632-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194737; Shimamoto Y; Miyahara M; Yamada H; Shibata K; Matsuzaki M; Ono K; Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga; Medical School, Japan.; Multiple integrations of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA are occasionally found in tumor cells from patients with adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL). However, the clinical implications of multiple integrations of HTLV-I in ATL have not been well established. We studied 95 patients with
Impaired survival of bone marrow GPIIb/IIa+ megakaryocytic cells as an additional pathogenetic mechanism of HIV-1-related thrombocytopenia.: Br J Haematol. 1996 Mar;92(3):711-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194751; Zauli G; Catani L; Gibellini D; Re MC; Vianelli N; Colangeli V; Celeghini C; Capitani S; La Placa M; Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Ferrara, Italy.; Glycoproteic (GP) IIb/IIIa+ megakaryocytic cells were purified from the bone marrow (BM) of 15 HIV-1 seropositive thrombocytopenic patients, eight HIV-1 seronegative patients affected by immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and 14 HIV-1 seronegative normal donors. The presence of apoptosis was evaluated in freshly is
The control of communicable diseases in Australia [editorial; comment]: Aust J Public Health. 1995 Dec;19(6):545-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203139; Douglas B
Contact tracing and sexually transmitted disease among aboriginal men on the Anangu Pitjantjatjara lands.: Aust J Public Health. 1995 Dec;19(6):596-602. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203147; Mulvey G; Manderson L; Centre for Research into Sexually Transmissible Diseases, La; Trobe University, Melbourne.; Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a major health problem for Pitjantjatjara Aboriginal people, causing considerable morbidity and being implicated in the potential rapid transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This paper presents data in relation to STD contact tracing on the Anangu Pitjan
Australia's role in HIV prevention in the developing world.: Aust J Public Health. 1995 Dec;19(6):639-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203154; Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Sydney.
China steps up battle against AIDS [news]: BMJ. 1996 Apr 27;312(7038):1056. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206837; Tomlinson R
German company halts delivery of HIV test kits [news]: BMJ. 1996 Apr 27;312(7038):1059-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206846; Karcher HL
An epidemic like any other? Rights and responsibilities in HIV prevention.: BMJ. 1996 Apr 27;312(7038):1083-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206854; Danziger R; Health Services Research Unit, Department of Public Health and; Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.; Throughout the 1980s and into the 1990s, HIV prevention has been closely associated with the protection of individual human rights. Traditional public health measures such as compulsory testing and isolation have largely been rejected as ineffective in public health terms and inappropriate in the context of human righ
Determinants of HIV infection and recent risk behaviour among injecting drug users in Berlin by site of recruitment.: Addiction. 1995 Oct;90(10):1367-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188055; Stark K; Muller R; Wirth D; Bienzle U; Pauli G; Guggenmoos-Holzmann I; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Berlin, Germany.; This study investigated differences in prevalence and determinants of HIV infection, and in recent risk behaviour (previous 6 months) among injecting drug users (IDUs) who are in contact with different types of services for IDUs in Berlin. Participants (n = 557) were recruited from drug-free long-term treatment centre
Psychiatric status and HIV risk reduction among residential drug abuse treatment clients.: Addiction. 1995 Oct;90(10):1377-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188056; McCusker J; Goldstein R; Bigelow C; Zorn M; School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst,; USA.; We investigated the associations of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses with HIV risk behaviors among 405 clients of two United States residential drug abuse treatment programs at admission and at follow-up. Measures of psychiatric status included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), se
The Health of the Nation target on syringe sharing: a role for routine surveillance in assessing progress and targeting interventions.: Addiction. 1995 Oct;90(10):1389-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188057; Durante AJ; Hart GJ; Brady AR; Madden PB; Noone A; PHLS AIDS Centre, Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre,; London, UK.; The Health of the Nation initiative in the United Kingdom includes a target aimed at reducing the proportion of current injecting drug users who share syringes. The PHLS Collaborative Survey of Salivary Antibodies to HIV and Hepatitis B core in injecting drug users is a comprehensive a
Crack use and injection on the increase among injecting drug users in London.: Addiction. 1995 Oct;90(10):1397-400. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188058; Hunter GM; Donoghoe MC; Stimson GV; Department of Psychiatry, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical; School, University of London, UK.; Fears of a crack epidemic in the United Kingdom of the kind experienced in the United States remain unfounded. However, findings from an ongoing serial point HIV prevalence study indicate that the use and injection of crack cocaine among injecting dru
Can outreach work? [letter]: Addiction. 1995 Oct;90(10):1401-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188059; Morrison CL; Ruben SM
[Sloping posture on the unwell side for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis combined with use of modern intensive antitubercular chemotherapy]: Pneumonol Alergol Pol. 1995;63(11-12):639-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204403; Dobrzynski Z; Oddzialu Gruzlicy Szpitala Miejskiego w Wieluniu.; The action of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment with setting the patient in a sloping position on the unwell side has been discussed briefly. The results of this already historical event of the years 1957-1958 have also been presented. It was then that in spite of the imperfection of the antituberculous chemotherapy SM
Primary pulmonary hypertension in HIV infection: an outcome determined by particular HLA class II alleles.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Apr;153(4 Pt 1):1299-301. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197270; Morse JH; Barst RJ; Itescu S; Flaster ER; Sinha G; Zhang Y; Fotino M; Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians; and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.; Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) may have an autoimmune basis that is influenced by host immunogenetics. The pathogenesis of primary pulmonary hypertension in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether patients with PPH and HIV infection have disti
Expression of tumor necrosis factor-receptor superfamily members by lung T lymphocytes in interstitial lung disease.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Apr;153(4 Pt 1):1359-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197280; Agostini C; Zambello R; Sancetta R; Cerutti A; Milani A; Tassinari C; Facco M; Cipriani A; Trentin L; Semenzato G; Padua University School of Medicine, Department of Clinical and; Experimental Medicine, Padua, Italy.; Recently, a novel receptor superfamily has been identified whose members interact with a parallel family of ligands showing homology to tumor necrosis factor (TNF). To investigate the role of these receptor structures in the pulmonary environment, we evaluated the expression of some members of the TNF-receptor (CD27,
Tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients: cellular response and immune activation in the lung.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Apr;153(4 Pt 1):1377-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197282; Law KF; Jagirdar J; Weiden MD; Bodkin M; Rom WN; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of; Medicine, NYU Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.; The host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is dependent on the accumulation and activation of cytotoxic and memory CD4+ T cells, resulting in granuloma formation and delayed type hypersensitivity. We characterized the cellular response of radiographically involved lung segments from 17 HIV-positive and 11 HIV-neg
Presentation of AIDS-related pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma diagnosed by bronchoscopy.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Apr;153(4 Pt 1):1385-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197283; Huang L; Schnapp LM; Gruden JF; Hopewell PC; Stansell JD; Department of Radiology, San Francisco General Hospital Medical; Center, California, USA.; Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the most common neoplasm in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, information about the presenting features of pulmonary KS is limited. To describe the clinical, laboratory, and radiographic features of pulmonary KS, medical records and chest radiographs of 168
Interferon-alpha affects the immune response in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Apr;153(4 Pt 1):1442-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197292; Faro A; Kurland G; Michaels MG; Dickman PS; Greally PG; Spichty KJ; Noyes BB; Boas SR; Fricker FJ; Armitage JM; Zeevi A; Division of Pulmonology, Infectious Disease, and Cardiology,; Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.; Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, and graft dysfunction. We describe the clinical course of an EBV seronegative 11-yr-old boy who underwent double lung transplantation and subsequently developed PTLD in the graft
Testing for human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients with tuberculosis.: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Apr;153(4 Pt 1):1448-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197293; Barnes PF; Silva C; Otaya M; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.; To investigate the utility of testing all tuberculosis patients for HIV infection in Los Angeles, we prospectively evaluated 183 hospitalized patients with acid-fast smear-positive tuberculosis who gave no history of HIV infection. HIV serologic testing was performed, and the presence of risk factors for HIV infection
[Somatostatin and its analogs in the treatment of gastrointestinal and liver diseases]: Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996 Feb;19(2):68-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203201; Feu F; Bosch J; Laboratorio de Hemodinamica Hepatica, Unidad de Hepatologia,; Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona.
Mother-infant HIV transmission: making the most of what we know [letter; comment]: Nat Med. 1996 May;2(5):490. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206256; Ammann AJ
Japan settles HIV-tainted blood cases [news]: Nat Med. 1996 May;2(5):498. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206262; Nathan R
Buying life insurance from the dying gets riskier [news]: Nat Med. 1996 May;2(5):500-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206263; Steele FR
Is new AIDS report just another piece of paper? [news]: Nat Med. 1996 May;2(5):501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206264; Kedar I
How much weight should viral load carry? [news]: Nat Med. 1996 May;2(5):502. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206265; Steele FR
Immunoprophylaxis of allergen-induced immunoglobulin E synthesis and airway hyperresponsiveness in vivo by genetic immunization [see comments]: Nat Med. 1996 May;2(5):540-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206277; Hsu CH; Chua KY; Tao MH; Lai YL; Wu HD; Huang SK; Hsieh KH; Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National; Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China.; The efficacy of an allergen-gene immunization protocol in altering allergic response was examined. Intramuscular injection of rats with a plasmid DNA encoding a house dust mite allergen into the muscle results in its long-term expression and the induction of specific immune responses. Significantly, this approach prev
Long-term restoration of immunity against Epstein-Barr virus infection by adoptive transfer of gene-modified virus-specific T lymphocytes.: Nat Med. 1996 May;2(5):551-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206279; Heslop HE; Ng CY; Li C; Smith CA; Loftin SK; Krance RA; Brenner MK; Rooney CM; Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation, St. Jude Children's; Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.; Adoptive transfer of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) offers safe and effective therapy for certain viral infections and could prove useful in the eradication of tumor cells. Whether or not the infused T cells persist for extended periods, retaining their ability to expand in response to antigenic stimu
Family-friendly HIV and AIDS care the goal at Vancouver's Oak Tree Clinic.: Can Med Assoc J. 1996 May 1;154(9):1407-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208072; Kent H; A clinic at Vancouver s old Shaughnessy Hospital offers specialized care for women and children infected with HIV. Drs. David Burdge and Jack Forbes, the codirectors, believe the one-stop-shopping for services offered by physicians, social workers, nurses, dietitians and pharmacists helps improve quality of life for f
Rhodamine 123-efflux from hematopoietic subpopulations and leukaemic blast populations marked by PerCP-conjugated monoclonal antibodies.: Cancer Lett. 1996 Feb 6;99(2):197-207. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190793; Beck J; Gekeler V; Ringger M; Handgretinger R; Niethammer D; Universitats-Kinderklinik, Abteilung Padiatrische Hamatologie; und Onkologie, Tubingen, Germany.; A representative functional assay for determination of drug transporting proteins (e.g. P-glycoprotein) in leukaemic blasts could help to evaluate effects of chemotherapy combined with chemosensitizers. Since subpopulations of normal peripheral blood or bone marrow cells show distinct P-glycoprotein levels, the presen
Predictive value of IgG subclass levels for infectious complications in renal transplant recipients.: Clin Nephrol. 1996 Jan;45(1):22-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209044; Wieneke H; Otte B; Lang D; Heidenreich S; Department of Medicine, University of Munster, Germany.; Renal allograft recipients are at risk to acquire infectious disease complications primarily after an intensified immunosuppressive therapy. In this study, serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgG subclasses were compared between transplant patients after different anti-rejection regimen and evaluated as possible predict
Case report: multiple lytic lesions in HTLV1 associated ATLL in the absence of lymphadenopathy and peripheral blood changes.: Clin Radiol. 1996 Apr;51(4):299-301. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199943; Kessar P; Raftery MJ; Blakeney CG; Department of Radiology, Royal London Hospital Trust, UK.
Upper airway obstruction in a woman with AIDS-related laryngeal Kaposi's sarcoma.: Chest. 1996 Mar;109(3):836-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96181828; Beitler AJ; Ptaszynski K; Karpel JP; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; 10467, USA.; Kaposi s sarcoma rarely causes upper airway obstruction. In the only two previously reported cases, both patients were men who died of hemorrhage shortly after tracheostomy. We describe a 45-year-old woman with AIDS who presented with stridor secondary to Kaposi s sarcoma of the larynx. To our knowledge, this is the f
Conformational features of a synthetic cyclic peptide corresponding to the complete V3 loop of the RF HIV-1 strain in water and water/trifluoroethanol solutions.: Eur J Biochem. 1996 Feb 15;236(1):100-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184885; Vranken WF; Budesinsky M; Martins JC; Fant F; Boulez K; Gras-Masse H; Borremans FA; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Gent, Belgium.; The disulfide-bridge-closed cyclic peptide corresponding to the whole V3 loop of the RF HIV-1 strain was examined by proton two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy in water and water/trifluoroethanol solutions. Although most of the peptide is conformationally averaged in water, the NOE data support a beta-turn conformation f
TAP1-deficient mice select a CD8+ T cell repertoire that displays both diversity and peptide specificity.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Feb;26(2):288-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206128; Sandberg JK; Chambers BJ; Van Kaer L; Karre K; Ljunggren HG; Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute,; Stockholm, Sweden.; Mice deficient in the gene encoding the transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1) are defective in providing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules with cytosolic peptides. Consequently, these mice express reduced levels of MHC class I glycoproteins on the cell surface, and have reduced
B7-1 synergizes with interleukin-12 in interleukin-2 receptor alpha expression by mouse T helper 1 clones.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Feb;26(2):300-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206130; Igarashi O; Yanagida T; Azuma M; Okumura K; Nariuchi H; Department of Allergology, The Institute of Medical Science, The; University of Tokyo, Japan.; Expression of interleukin-2 receptor alpha (IL-2R alpha) is critical to induce interleukin (IL)-2-dependent proliferation of T helper (Th)1 clones. The IL-2R alpha expression of Th1 clones is known to be up-regulated by IL-12. Co-stimulation via CD28/CTLA-4 is also known to be important for efficient activation of CD4
CD30 cell expression and abnormal soluble CD30 serum accumulation in Omenn's syndrome: evidence for a T helper 2-mediated condition.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Feb;26(2):329-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206134; Chilosi M; Facchetti F; Notarangelo LD; Romagnani S; Del Prete G; Almerigogna F; De Carli M; Pizzolo G; Department of Pathology, University of Verona, Italy.; Omenn s syndrome (OS) is a severe immunodeficiency, characterized by clinical and laboratory features reminiscent of a T helper type-2 (Th2) response. CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, has been found to be preferentially expressed by human T cell clones exhibiting a Th2-line profile and
Fas (CD95)/Fas ligand interactions regulate antigen-specific, major histocompatibility complex-restricted T/B cell proliferative responses.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Feb;26(2):415-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206147; Ozdemirli M; El-Khatib M; Foote LC; Wang JK; Marshak-Rothstein A; Rothstein TL; Ju ST; Arthritis Center, Department of Pathology, Boston University; School of Medicine, MA 02118, USA.; The effect of Fas ligand (FasL) cytotoxicity on T/B collaboration was examined in vitro using cloned T helper 1 cells and antigen-pulsed, activated B cells. We compared antigen-pulsed B cells that had been activated through different membrane receptors (IgM, CD14 and CD40) for their ability to induce T cell proliferat
Gamma delta T cells are secondary participants in acute graft-versus-host reactions initiated by CD4+ alpha beta T cells.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Feb;26(2):420-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206148; Tsuji S; Char D; Bucy RP; Simonsen M; Chen CH; Cooper MD; Division of Developmental and Clinical Immunology, Department of; Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-3000 USA.; To examine the role of T cell subpopulations in an acute graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, gamma delta T cells and alpha beta T cells expressing one of the two prototypic V beta families were negatively isolated from adult blood samples and injected into allogeneic chick embryos. CD4+ alpha beta T cells expressing eit
CD8/CD4 lineage commitment occurs by an instructional/default process followed by positive selection.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Feb;26(2):461-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206154; Benveniste P; Knowles G; Cohen A; Division of Immunology and Cancer Research, The Hospital for Sick; Children, Toronto, Canada.; In the present study, we investigated the developmental potential of purified populations of transitional CD4inCD8hi and CD4hiCD8in thymocytes that were further defined according to their differentiation stage by their levels of T cell receptor (TCR) expression into TCRlo, TCRin and TCRhi subpopulations. The different
Identification and characterization of a human CD4 silencer.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Feb;26(2):493-500. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206157; Donda A; Schulz M; Burki K; De Libero G; Uematsu Y; Experimental Immuology, Department of Research, University; Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.; Using transgenic mice, we have identified a human CD4 silencer contained within a 484-bp fragment in the first intron of the CD4 gene. Further experiments have mapped a lineage-specific silencing activity to a region of 190 bp. This region contains two protein-binding sites detected by deoxyribonuclease I footprinting
In Th2-biased lymphatic filarial patients, responses to purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis remain Th1.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Feb;26(2):501-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206158; Sartono E; Kruize YC; Kurniawan A; Maizels RM; Yazdanbakhsh M; Department of Parasitology, Leiden University, The Netherlands.; Natural infection with filarial nematode parasites results in immune responses skewed towards T helper (Th)2, while infection with mycobacteria shows many characteristics of a Th1-dominated response. Cytokines typifying Th1, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and Th2, interleukin (IL)-4, were measured following stimulation of pe
Structural rearrangements on HIV-1 Tat (32-72) TAR complex formation.: FEBS Lett. 1996 Apr 22;384(3):255-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197800; Metzger AU; Schindler T; Willbold D; Kraft M; Steegborn C; Volkmann A; Frank RW; Rosch P; Lehrstuhl fur Biopolymere, Universitat Bayreuth, Germany.; Expression of the early genes of the human immunodeficiency virus type-I (HIV-1) genome is under the control of a trans-activator (Tat) protein. HIV-1 Tat action requires binding to TAR (trans-activation responsive element), an RNA sequence located at the 5 -end of all lentiviral mRNAs. We used various spectroscopic m
Immunophenotypic and molecular analyses of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related and Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphomas: a comparative study.: Hum Pathol. 1996 Feb;27(2):133-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190931; Carbone A; Dolcetti R; Gloghini A; Maestro R; Vaccher E; di Luca D; Tirelli U; Boiocchi M; Division of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale di Ricovero e Cura a; Carattere Scientifico, Aviano, Italy.; Limited information is current available on the molecular and immunophenogenotypic characteristics of CD30-positive anaplastic large cell (ALC) lymphomas occurring in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. To address this issue, the authors have undertaken a combined analysis of these lymphomas in a
The immunohistochemical discrimination of endometrioid adenocarcinomas.: Hum Pathol. 1996 Feb;27(2):172-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190936; Dabbs DJ; Sturtz K; Zaino RJ; Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University, College; of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.; Carcinomas of endometrioid histology frequently arise in the endometrium, ovary, and endocervix and involve the pelvic tissues in women. Adenocarcinomas of psuedoendometrioid morphology developing in the colon also frequently involve the ovary. The authors retrospectively examined 97 adenocarcinomas from the uterus, c
Human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 protease substrate specificity is limited by interactions between substrate amino acids bound in adjacent enzyme subsites.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 1;271(9):4709-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214889; Ridky TW; Cameron CE; Cameron J; Leis J; Copeland T; Wlodawer A; Weber IT; Harrison RW; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland,; Ohio 44106-4935, USA.; The specificity of the retroviral protease is determined by the ability of substrate amino acid side chains to bind into eight individual subsites within the enzyme. Although the subsites are able to act somewhat independently in selection of amino acid side chains that fit into each pocket, significant interactions e
cAMP-response element-binding protein induces directed DNA bending of the HTLV-I 21-base pair repeat.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 1;271(9):4781-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214899; Yin MJ; Paulssen E; Gaynor RB; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas, 75235-8594, USA.; Gene expression from the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) long terminal repeat (LTR) is mediated by three cis-acting regulatory elements known as 21-base pair (bp) repeats in addition to the transactivator protein Tax. Each of the 21-bp repeats contain nucleotide sequences which are homologous to a cAMP res
Human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase. Functional mutants obtained by random mutagenesis coupled with genetic selection in Escherichia coli.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 1;271(9):4872-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214911; Kim B; Hathaway TR; Loeb LA; Joseph Gottstein Memorial Cancer Research Laboratory, Department; of Pathology, Box 357705, University of Washington, Seattle,; Washington 98195-7705, USA.; We describe catalytically active mutants of HIV RT (human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase) generated by random sequence mutagenesis and selected in Escherichia coli for ability to complement the temperature-sensitive phenotype of a DNA polymerase I (Pol Its) mutant. We targeted amino acids Asp-67 through
Macrophage/microglial-mediated primary demyelination and motor disease induced by the central nervous system production of interleukin-3 in transgenic mice.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Mar 15;97(6):1512-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195750; Chiang CS; Powell HC; Gold LH; Samimi A; Campbell IL; Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute,; La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; Activated macrophage/microglia may mediate tissue injury in a variety of CNS disorders. To examine this, transgenic mice were developed in which the expression of a macrophage/microglia activation cytokine, interleukin-3 (IL-3), was targeted to astrocytes using a murine glial fibrillary acidic protein fusion gene. Tra
Potentiation of the immune response in HIV-1+ individuals.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Mar 15;97(6):1545-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195753; Schmitz T; Underwood R; Khiroya R; Bachovchin WW; Huber BT; Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University; School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.; T cells from HIV-1+ individuals have a defect in mounting an antigen specific response. HIV-1 Tat has been implicated as the causative agent of this immunosuppression. We have previously shown that HIV-1 Tat inhibits antigen specific proliferation of normal T cells in vitro by binding to the accessory molecule CD26, a
Modulation of T cell responses to recall antigens presented by Langerhans cells in HIV-discordant identical twins by anti-interleukin (IL)-10 antibodies and IL-12.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Mar 15;97(6):1550-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195754; Blauvelt A; Chougnet C; Shearer GM; Katz SI; Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892-1908, USA.; Decreased antigen (Ag)-specific T cell (TC) proliferation and IL-2 production are detected in all stages of HIV disease. To determine whether dendritic cell dysfunction and/or abnormal cytokine production contribute to HIV-induced immune dysregulation, we studies TC re
Hydroxamate-based metalloprotease inhibitor blocks shedding of L-selectin adhesion molecule from leukocytes: functional consequences for neutrophil aggregation.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3093-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194510; Bennett TA; Lynam EB; Sklar LA; Rogelj S; Department of Pathology, Cancer Research and Treatment Center,; University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque 87131,; USA.; L-selectin is an adhesion molecule that mediates the recruitment of neutrophils to inflammatory sites and initiates the migration of lymphocytes into the peripheral lymph nodes. In response to cell activation, L-selectin is shed from the cell surface, and altered levels of functional soluble L-selectin are detected in
Continuous administration of Il-13 to mice induces extramedullary hemopoiesis and monocytosis.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3166-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194520; Lai YH; Heslan JM; Poppema S; Elliot JF; Mosmann TR; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.; IL-13, a recently identified Th2 cytokine, shares some, but not all, IL-4 functions, including inhibition of monocyte and macrophage activation, stimulation of human B cells, and induction of growth and differentiation of mouse bone marrow cells in vitro. We have now tested the in vivo effects of recombinant mouse IL-
HLA-DQ8 transgenic mice lacking endogenous class II molecules respond to house dust allergens: identification of antigenic epitopes.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3191-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194523; Neeno T; Krco CJ; Harders J; Baisch J; Cheng S; David CS; Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Mayo Clinic,; Rochester, MN 55905, USA.; We have introduced HLA-DQ8 (HLADQB*0302 and HLA-DQA*0301) genes into A beta 0 knockout mice. Transgenic animals were immunized with a whole body extract of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p), one of the causative agents of house dust mite allergy. Transgenic mice expressing HLA-DQ8 genes elicited HLA-DQ8-restricte
Enhanced development of Th2-like primary CD4 effectors in response to sustained exposure to limited rIL-4 in vivo.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3267-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194532; Yoshimoto K; Swain SL; Bradley LM; Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La; Jolla 92093, USA.; Previous studies have established that cytokines regulate development of Th cell subsets from naive CD4 cells, suggesting promising therapeutic potential for cytokines that has not been fully realized, in part due to high dose toxicity. Here we examined effects of sustained delivery of low doses of rIL-4 on developmen
Immunogenicity of peptides bound to MHC class I molecules depends on the MHC-peptide complex stability.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3308-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194537; van der Burg SH; Visseren MJ; Brandt RM; Kast WM; Melief CJ; Department of Immunohematology and Blood Bank, University; Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands.; The impact of the MHC class I peptide binding stability on the immunogenicity of particular peptide Ags in class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses is not clearly established. Therefore, we have determined the dissociation rate of each peptide from MHC class I at 37 degrees C and compared this to that of a
Resistance of naive mice to murine hepatitis virus strain 3 requires development of a Th1, but not a Th2, response, whereas pre-existing antibody partially protects against primary infection.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3342-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194542; Pope M; Chung SW; Mosmann T; Leibowitz JL; Gorczynski RM; Levy GA; Department of Surgery, The Toronto Hospital-University of; Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Murine hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV-3) produces a strain-dependent spectrum of disease. The development of liver necrosis has been shown to be related to production of a unique macrophage procoagulant activity (PCA), encoded by the gene fgl-2, in susceptible mice. These studies were designed to examine the influence
IL-12 is an effective adjuvant to recombinant vaccinia virus-based tumor vaccines: enhancement by simultaneous B7-1 expression.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3357-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194544; Rao JB; Chamberlain RS; Bronte V; Carroll MW; Irvine KR; Moss B; Rosenberg SA; Restifo NP; Howard Hughes Medical Institute-National Institutes of Health; Research Scholars Program, Surgery Branch, National Cancer; Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; A number of cytokines and costimulatory molecules involved in immune activation have recently been identified including IL-12, a heterodimeric cytokine that supports the development of cell-mediated immunity, and B7-1, a costimulatory molecule involved in the activation of T lymphocytes. We explored the use of these i
MHC class I-dependent presentation of exoerythrocytic antigens to CD8+ T lymphocytes is required for protective immunity against Plasmodium berghei.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3374-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194546; White KL; Snyder HL; Krzych U; Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America,; Washington, DC 20064, USA.; T lymphocytes are believed to play a major role in protection against malaria. Previous experiments using in vivo depletion of CD8+ T cells, reconstitution with CD8+ T splenic cells, and adoptive transfer of CD8+ CTL clones demonstrated that protection against the exoerythrocytic stage of the murine strain, Plasmodium
Modulation of endogenous IL-1 beta and IL-1 receptor antagonist results in opposing effects on HIV expression in chronically infected monocytic cells.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3501-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194562; Goletti D; Kinter AL; Hardy EC; Poli G; Fauci AS; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892, USA.; A proportion of HIV-infected individuals experience episodes of localized or systemic bacterial infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Many of the clinical side effects of these infections are associated with the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which are induced primarily by LPS, a constituent of the ba
Programmed cell death in peripheral lymphocytes from HIV-infected persons: increased susceptibility to apoptosis of CD4 and CD8 T cells correlates with lymphocyte activation and with disease progression.: J Immunol. 1996 May 1;156(9):3509-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194563; Gougeon ML; Lecoeur H; Dulioust A; Enouf MG; Crouvoiser M; Goujard C; Debord T; Montagnier L; Viral Oncology Unit, Department of AIDS and Retrovirus, Pasteur; Institute, Paris, France.; We analyzed the potential causes of the increased susceptibility to apoptosis of peripheral lymphocytes from a large cohort of HIV-infected persons that we followed during a 3-yr period. By using quantitative cytofluorometric methods, we demonstrate that all lymphocyte populations were contributing proportionally to t
Localization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 tax proviral sequences in skin biopsies of patients with mycosis fungoides by in situ polymerase chain reaction.: J Invest Dermatol. 1996 Apr;106(4):667-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183546; Khan ZM; Sebenik M; Zucker-Franklin D; Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New; York, USA.; The histopathologic diagnosis of mycosis fungoides (MF), even when clinical manifestations of the disease seem convincing, is often tenuous. The observation that practically all patients with MF harbor human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral sequences in their circulating lymphocytes raised the possib
Cutaneous exposure to the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B elicits a T-cell-dependent inflammatory response.: J Invest Dermatol. 1996 May;106(5):982-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210352; Saloga J; Leung DY; Reardon C; Giorno RC; Born W; Gelfand EW; Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Center for Immunology; and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA.; We analyzed the impact of superantigens secreted by skin-colonizing Staphylococci on the skin and the associated lymphoid tissue following epicutaneous application and intracutaneous injection of small amounts of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). A single intracutaneous injection of 50 ng of SEB elicited a strong in
Vitamin E deficiency and immune dysfunction in retrovirus-infected C57BL/6 mice are prevented by T-cell receptor peptide treatment.: J Nutr. 1996 May;126(5):1389-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198543; Liang B; Ardestani S; Chow HH; Eskelson C; Watson RR; Arizona Prevention Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, 85724,; USA.; Female C57BL/6 mice were infected with LP-BM5 retrovirus, causing murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is functionally similar to human AIDS. Retrovirus infection inhibited release of T-helper 1 cytokines, stimulated secretion of T-helper 2 cytokines and induced hepatic and cardiac vitamin E deficie
Deletion and translocation involving chromosome 3 (p14) in two tumorigenic Kaposi's sarcoma cell lines.: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996 Apr 3;88(7):450-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177895; Popescu NC; Zimonjic DB; Leventon-Kriss S; Bryant JL; Lunardi-Iskandar Y; Gallo RC; National Institute of health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4255, USA.; BACKGROUND: Two neoplastic Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) cell lines, KS Y-1 (derived from a patient with KS associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and KS SLK (derived from an immunosuppressed patient with a renal transplant and KS or iatrogenic KS), have been shown to have abnormal chromosome constitution and to
The tumor enhancement phenomenon: reinterpretation from a Th1/Th2 perspective [letter]: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996 Apr 3;88(7):461-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177897; Clerici M; Clerici E; Shearer GM
Malignant testicular neoplasms in immunosuppressed patients.: J Urol. 1996 Jun;155(6):1938-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212489; Leibovitch I; Baniel J; Rowland RG; Smith ER Jr; Ludlow JK; Donohue JP; Department of Urology, Indiana University Medical Center,; Indianapolis, USA.; PURPOSE: Testicular cancers were studied in patients on immunosuppression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was done of testicular cancer in patients on immunosuppression reported on between 1975 and 1995. RESULTS: The management schemes adopted in the immunosuppressed population followed the generally
Politicians, AIDS experts wage budget debate [news]: JAMA. 1996 May 8;275(18):1390-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210324; Voelker R
Analysis of the platelet-type thrombin receptor in 20 cases of large granular lymphocyte proliferations.: Leukemia. 1996 Apr;10(4):687-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201007; Macey MG; Howells GL; Stone SR; Newland AC; Department of Haematology, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel,; UK.; The platelet-type thrombin receptor was expressed by large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) in a variety of proliferative diseases. Twenty patients with LGL proliferative disease were examined, including five T cell clones and a variety of polyclonal proliferations, some secondary to rheumatoid arthritis and Felty s syndro
Baboon xenotransplant fails but patient improves [news]: Lancet. 1996 Feb 17;347(8999):457. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190203; Fricker J
Danish haemophiliacs win in European court [news]: Lancet. 1996 Feb 17;347(8999):462. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190205; Skovmand K
HIV-positive servicemen in USA face discharge [news]: Lancet. 1996 Feb 17;347(8999):463. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190206; Rovner J
HIV, confidentiality, gender, and support in rural South Africa [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Feb 17;347(8999):469. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190213; Seidel G; Ntuli N
Alopecia side-effect of antituberculosis drugs [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Feb 17;347(8999):472. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190217; FitzGerald JM; Turner MT; Dean S; Elwood RK
Presumed Pott's disease [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Feb 17;347(8999):476-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96190225; Jellis J; Evans C; Hughes S; Friedland JS
Spastic paraparesis and sensory neuropathy.: Muscle Nerve. 1996 May;19(5):649-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96189170; Tenembaum SN; Reisin RC; Taratuto AL; Fejerman N; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital de Pediatria, Buenos; Aires, Argentina.; A 12-year-old developed a slowly progressive spastic gait at the age of 3. A marked loss of pain and temperature sensations led to a mutilating acropathy starting at age 5. Electrodiagnostic studies revealed a symmetric, axonal, predominantly sensory neuropathy, and magnetic resonance imaging ruled out compression of
Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 17-1996. A 48-year-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea [clinical conference]: N Engl J Med. 1996 May 30;334(22):1461-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96218831
Oral ganciclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in persons with AIDS. Roche Cooperative Oral Ganciclovir Study Group.: N Engl J Med. 1996 Jun 6;334(23):1491-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214603; Spector SA; McKinley GF; Lalezari JP; Samo T; Andruczk R; Follansbee S; Sparti PD; Havlir DV; Simpson G; Buhles W; Wong R; Stempien M; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0672, USA.; BACKGROUND. In the advanced stages of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease, particularly vision-damaging retinitis due to CMV is common. We evaluated prophylactic treatment with orally
AIDS prevention--sexual ethics and responsibility.: N Engl J Med. 1996 Jun 6;334(23):1540-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214613; Bayer R; Columbia University School of Public Health New York, NY 10032,; USA.
[Human herpes viruses type 6 and 7; causative agents of, among others, exanthema subitum]: Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1996 Jan 20;140(3):124-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187616; Galama JM; Academisch Ziekenhuis, afd. Medische Microbiologie, Nijmegen.; A serendipitous discovery during early AIDS investigations was human herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6). Two years later (1988) it was shown that HHV-6 and later on also HHV-7 are the causes of exanthema subitum, a childhood disease with previously unknown causation. HHV-6 and HHV-7 are the main cause of febrile seizures. It
[Cat-scratch disease and other infections caused by Bartonella species]: Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1996 Jan 20;140(3):144-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187622; Schellekens JF; Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Laboratorium voor; Bacteriologie en Antimicrobiele Middelen, Bilthoven.; Bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat-scratch disease, was identified recently by DNA amplification techniques. Several other Bartonellae (most of which were called Rochalimaea before) cause disease in humans: B. bacilliformis (Carrion s disease), B. elizabethae (endocarditis) and B. quintana (
[The changing pattern of Candida infections: different species and increased resistance]: Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1996 Jan 20;140(3):148-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187623; Kullberg BJ; Voss A; Afd. Algemeen Interne Geneeskunde, Academisch Ziekenhuis,; Nijmegen.; The incidence of invasive infections with Candida has strongly increased during the last few decades. Candida is now one of the commonest hospital pathogens. Many infections are nowadays caused by other species than C. albicans, notably C. tropicalis, C. krusei and C. glabrata. Particularly in HIV seropositive patient
[3 emerging protozoal infections in The Netherlands: Cyclospora, Dientamoeba, and Microspora infections]: Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1996 Jan 20;140(3):155-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187625; van Gool T; Dankert J; Afd. Medische Microbiologie, Academish Medish Centrum, Amsterdam.; Increased international travelling, an increased number of patients with immunosuppression caused by HIV infection, and renewed interest in known but little studied microorganisms, resulted in a more frequent finding of certain medically important parasites. Three emerging protozoal infection, Cyclospora cayetanensis,
Brain choline-containing compounds are elevated in HIV-positive patients before the onset of AIDS dementia complex: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic study.: Neurology. 1996 Mar;46(3):783-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96173692; Tracey I; Carr CA; Guimaraes AR; Worth JL; Navia BA; Gonzalez RG; Massachusetts General Hospital, NMR Center, Charlestown, MA; 02129, USA.; The CNS is frequently involved in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In recent studies using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, investigators found a significant reduction in N-acetyl aspartate, a metabolic marker of neurons, in late stages of dementia . To further u
Visual loss in cytomegalovirus retinitis caused by cystoid macular edema in patients without the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.: Ophthalmology. 1996 Apr;103(4):601-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200049; Maguire AM; Nichols CW; Crooks GW; Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Philadelphia,; USA.; PURPOSE: Although serous macular exudation has been described in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with active cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis, cystoid macular edema (CME) is not encountered in this
Sleep electroencephalogram delta-frequency amplitude, night plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, and human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19;92(26):12080-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109209; Darko DF; Miller JC; Gallen C; White J; Koziol J; Brown SJ; Hayduk R; Atkinson JH; Assmus J; Munnell DT; et al; Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, CA 92037, USA.; We tested the hypothesis that increases in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) induced by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are associated with the increases in slow-wave sleep seen in early HIV infection and the decrease with sleep fragmentation seen in advanced HIV infection. Nocturnal sleep disturbances and as
Maternal plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA level: a determinant and projected threshold for mother-to-child transmission.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19;92(26):12100-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109213; Fang G; Burger H; Grimson R; Tropper P; Nachman S; Mayers D; Weislow O; Moore R; Reyelt C; Hutcheon N; et al; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany,; USA.; To prevent mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission, it is important to identify its determinants. Because HIV-1 RNA levels can be reduced by antiviral therapy, we examined the role of maternal plasma HIV-1 RNA level in mother-to-child transmission. We used quantitative competitive PCR
Using in vitro selection to direct the covalent attachment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev protein to high-affinity RNA ligands.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19;92(26):12220-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109237; Jensen KB; Atkinson BL; Willis MC; Koch TH; Gold L; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology,; University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, USA.; We have used an in vitro selection procedure called crosslinking SELEX (SELEX = systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) to identify RNA sequences that bind with high affinity and crosslink to the Rev protein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). A randomized RNA library substituted with
Major histocompatibility complex class II DR alleles DRB1*1501 and those encoding HLA-DR13 are preferentially associated with a diminution in maternally transmitted human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection in different ethnic groups: determination by an automated sequence-based typing method.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19;92(26):12374-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109269; Winchester R; Chen Y; Rose S; Selby J; Borkowsky W; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.; Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) from an infected women to her offspring during gestation and delivery was found to be influenced by the infant s major histocompatibility complex class II DRB1 alleles. Forty-six HIV-infected infants and 63 seroreverting infants, born with passively acquired anti-
Stimulation of protective CD8+ T lymphocytes by vaccination with nonliving bacteria.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19;92(26):12389-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109272; Szalay G; Ladel CH; Kaufmann SH; Department of Immunology, University of Ulm, Germany.; Infectious diseases caused by intracellular microbes are responsible for major health problems, and satisfactory control will ultimately depend on efficient vaccination strategies. The general assumption is that activation of protective immune responses against intracellular microbes dominated by CD8+ T cells are achi
Comments on the paper by Cardis et al. (Radiat. Res. 142, 117-132, 1995) [letter; comment]: Radiat Res. 1996 May;145(5):648-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198965; Uma Devi P
HIV drugs.: RDH. 1994 Dec;14(12):19-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96217626; Biron CR; Dental Hygiene Program, Tallahassee Community College, Florida,; USA.
HIV in northern KwaZulu-Natal [letter]: S Afr Med J. 1996 Feb;86(2):179. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179561; Couper ID; Vumase SB
HIV positivity--disclosure and counselling [letter]: S Afr Med J. 1996 Feb;86(2):182. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96179566; Coleman R
Surgical stress induces a shift in the type-1/type-2 T-helper cell balance, suggesting down-regulation of cell-mediated and up-regulation of antibody-mediated immunity commensurate to the trauma.: Surgery. 1996 Mar;119(3):316-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202552; Decker D; Schondorf M; Bidlingmaier F; Hirner A; von Ruecker AA; Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, School of Medicine,; Germany.; BACKGROUND: Measuring serum cytokines, pituitary hormones, or acute phase proteins during or after surgery is not an optimal method for quantifying the impact of surgical procedures. In an effort to assess surgical stress by means of the immune response, we focused on changes in cell-mediated and antibody-mediated imm
Effect of recombinant human hemoglobin on human bone marrow progenitor cells: protection and reversal of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine-induced toxicity.: Toxicol Lett. 1996 Apr;85(1):55-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204025; Fowler DA; Rosenthal GJ; Sommadossi JP; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama; at Birmingham 35294, USA.; Long-term therapy of AIDS patients with 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) is limited by hematopoietic toxicity. While the mechanism(s) of this toxicity remain elusive, various strategies are being developed to reduce these toxic effects including
A 43.5 kb segment of yeast chromosome XIV, which contains MFA2, MEP2, CAP/SRV2, NAM9, FKB1/FPR1/RBP1, MOM22 and CPT1, predicts an adenosine deaminase gene and 14 new open reading frames.: Yeast. 1995 Sep 30;11(12):1195-209. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/Z46843; Mallet L; Bussereau F; Jacquet M; Isntitut de Genetique et Microbiologie, URA1354 du CNRS,; Laboratoire Information Genetique et Developpement, Universite; Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.; A 43,481 bp fragment from the left arm of chromosome XIV of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was sequenced. A gene for tRNA(phe) and 23 non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) were identified, seven of which correspond to known yeast genes: MFA2, MEP2, CAP/SRV2, NAM9, FKB1/FPR1/RBP1, MOM22 and CPT1. One ORF may correspond
Lymphoid changes of the nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsils that are indicative of human immunodeficiency virus infection. A clinicopathologic study of 12 cases.: Am J Surg Pathol. 1996 May;20(5):572-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201923; Wenig BM; Thompson LD; Frankel SS; Burke AP; Abbondanzo SL; Sesterhenn I; Heffner DK; Department of Otolaryngic and Endocrine Pathology, Armed Forces; Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20306-6000, USA.; We report 12 cases in which the histomorphologic changes of the nasopharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) or palatine tonsils suggest infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patients included 10 men and two women, aged 20 to 42 years (median, 33 years). The clinical presentation included airway obstruction,
Pulmonary lymphoma in an immunocompromised host [letter]: Am J Surg Pathol. 1996 May;20(5):643-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201931; Drut R
Quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction: analysis of amplified products of the HIV-1 gag gene by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection.: Anal Biochem. 1996 Apr 5;236(1):146-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96207232; Williams SJ; Schwer C; Krishnarao AS; Heid C; Karger BL; Williams PM; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 460 Point; San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA.; A quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection and quantification of HIV-1 has been developed using capillary electrophoresis. Separation of the PCR products is carried out in coated capillaries filled with replaceable linear polyacrylamide, and detection is performed using laser-in
T-cell-mediated ganglionitis associated with acute sensory neuronopathy.: Ann Neurol. 1996 Apr;39(4):543-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186835; Hainfellner JA; Kristoferitsch W; Lassmann H; Bernheimer H; Neisser A; Drlicek M; Beer F; Budka H; Institute of Neurology, University of Vienna, Austria.; A 67-year-old man presented with acute painful sensory loss, areflexia, ataxia, urinary retention, and severe constipation and became unable to walk within 2 weeks. He died suddenly 5 weeks after the onset of symptoms. Autopsy revealed widespread inflammation of sensory and autonomic ganglia with immunocytochemical ev
SC-52151, a novel inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus protease.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Oct;39(10):2229-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109417; Bryant M; Getman D; Smidt M; Marr J; Clare M; Dillard R; Lansky D; DeCrescenzo G; Heintz R; Houseman K; et al; G. D. Searle/Monsanto, St. Louis, Missouri 63198, USA.; SC-52151 is a potent, selective, tight-binding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor containing the novel (R)-(hydroxyethyl) urea isostere. The mean 50% effective concentration for lymphotropic, monocytotropic strains and field isolates of HIV type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus is
Preclinical evaluation of HBY 097, a new nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Oct;39(10):2253-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109422; Kleim JP; Bender R; Kirsch R; Meichsner C; Paessens A; Rosner M; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Kaiser R; Wichers M; Schneweis KE; et al; Hoechst AG, Frankfurt, Germany.; HBY 097 [(S)-4-isopropoxycarbonyl-6-methoxy-3-(methylthiomethyl)-3, 4-dihydroquinoxaline-2(1H)-thione] was selected from a series of quinoxalines as a nonnucleoside inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (NNRTI). HBY 097 was shown to be a highly potent inhibitor of HIV-1 induced
Metabolic pathways for activation of the antiviral agent 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine in human lymphoid cells.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Oct;39(10):2304-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109430; Robbins BL; Greenhaw J; Connelly MC; Fridland A; Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research; Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.; 9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA), the acyclic phosphonate analog of adenine monophosphate, is a promising antiviral drug with activity against herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus, and retroviruses, including the human immunodeficiency virus. In order to be active, it must be converted to the diphosphate deriva
Population pharmacokinetics of stavudine (d4T) in patients with AIDS or advanced AIDS-related complex.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Oct;39(10):2309-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109431; Horton CM; Dudley MN; Kaul S; Mayer KH; Squires K; Dunkle L; Anderson R; Antiinfective Pharmacology Research Unit, University of Rhode; Island College of Pharmacy, Roger Williams Medical Center,; Providence 02908, USA.; The population pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral stavudine ( d4T ; 2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -deoxythymidine) was determined in 81 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) enro
Potent and specific inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by 4-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-Y1 N,N-dialkylcarbamate derivatives.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Oct;39(10):2337-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109436; Ijichi K; Fujiwara M; Hanasaki Y; Watanabe H; Katsuura K; Takayama H; Shirakawa S; Sakai S; Shigeta S; Konno K; et al; Rational Drug Design Laboratories, Kanagawa, Japan.; 4-(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl N,N-dialkylcarbamate (TDA) derivatives were found to be highly potent and specific inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in a variety of cell cultures. The most potent congener of TDA derivatives, RD4-2024, inhibited HIV-1 replication by 50%
NP-06: a novel anti-human immunodeficiency virus polypeptide produced by a Streptomyces species.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Oct;39(10):2345-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109438; Chokekijchai S; Kojima E; Anderson S; Nomizu M; Tanaka M; Machida M; Date T; Toyota K; Ishida S; Watanabe K; et al; Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; From an extract of a Streptomyces culture, we identified and purified a novel compound, NP-06, which is active against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. Analyses indicate that NP-06 is a hydrophobic 21-mer oligopeptide, N terminally cyclized through the side chain of Asp-9, containing two intramolecular cys
Population differences in ganciclovir clearance as determined by nonlinear mixed-effects modelling.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Oct;39(10):2350-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96109440; Yuen GJ; Drusano GL; Fletcher C; Capparelli E; Connor JD; Lalezari JP; Drew L; Follansbee S; Busch D; Jacobson M; et al; Glaxo Pharmaceuticals, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina,; USA.; We examined the pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir in different populations of cytomegalovirus ( CMV )-infected patients through the use of nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. As expected, patient weight and estimated creatinine cl
The expanding clinical spectrum of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy.: Arch Ophthalmol. 1996 May;114(5):555-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208151; Freund KB; Yannuzzi LA; Barile GR; Spaide RF; Milewski SA; Guyer DR; Retinal Research Fund of the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat; Hospital, New York, NY, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To report on new features of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy (UAIM). PATIENTS: We have evaluated an additional 17 patients with UAIM since 1991. This is a report of new features of the maculopathy noted in seven patients from this new series. RESULTS: New clinical findings in UAIM included eccentric
Mechanical effects on the kinetics of the HIV proteinase deactivation.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Apr 16;221(2):313-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192045; Kuzmic P; Peranteau AG; Garcia-Echeverria G; Rich DH; School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, University of; Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.; The proteinase from HIV undergoes rapid and irreversible deactivation caused by mild mechanical stirring. Both the free enzyme and the ternary Michaelis complex disappear in two separate first-order processes, with half-times of 3.0 and 0.8 minutes, respectively. Ignoring these deactivation steps distorts the results
In vivo trapping of nitric oxide in the brain of neonatal rats treated with the HIV-1 envelope protein gp 120: protective effects of alpha-phenyl-tert-butylnitrone.: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Apr 16;221(2):386-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192058; Tabatabaie T; Stewart C; Pye Q; Kotake Y; Floyd RA; Free Radical Biology and Aging Research Program, Oklahoma Medical; Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, 73104, USA.; AIDS dementia complex is a neurological syndrome characterized by cognitive deficits and motor and behavioral dysfunction. The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp 120 has been implicated in the development of AIDS dementia. This protein has been shown to be neurotoxic and to cause learn
Conservative hydrophobic interdomain contacts of IFN-gamma remain in P17 matrix protein of HIV-1.: APMIS. 1996 Feb;104(2):141-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195296; Denesyuk AI; Matthews S; Zav'yalov VP; Korpela T; Finnish-Russian Joint Biotechnology Laboratory, University of; Turku, Finland.; A constructed scheme of the surface layers containing helices C, D, and E of various polypeptide chains which participate in the interdomain contacts in IFN-gamma demonstrated two sites of localization of the conservative hydrophobic amino acids. An analogous scheme of the interaction of helices B, C, and D in the p1
Blocking of CD4 cell receptors for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by chemically modified bovine milk proteins: potential for AIDS prophylaxis.: J Mol Recognit. 1995 Sep-Oct;8(5):304-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212006; Neurath AR; Debnath AK; Strick N; Li YY; Lin K; Jiang S; Laboratory of Biochemical Virology, Lindsley F. Kimball Research; Institute of the New York Blood Center, New York 10021, USA.; The chemical transformation of synthetic combinatorial libraries to increase the diversity of compounds of medicinal interest was reported recently. Chemical modification of natural products represents a complementary approach to accomplish this aim. Modification of lysines by aromatic acid anhydrides, preferentially
Zinc stimulates Mg2+-dependent 3'-processing activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase in vitro.: Biochemistry. 1996 Mar 26;35(12):3837-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96183503; Lee SP; Han MK; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown; University Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20007, USA.; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase (HIV-1 IN) catalyzes both 3 -donor processing and strand transfer reactions. Previous studies have determined that the N-terminal region, a putative zinc finger, is capable of binding Zn2+. The function of zinc coordination to this domain, however, is still unknown. In thi
Management of HIV infected health care workers: lessons from three cases.: BMJ. 1996 May 4;312(7039):1150-2; discussion 1152-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215586; Pell J; Gruer L; Christie P; Goldberg D; Department of Public Health, Greater Glasgow Health Board,; Glasgow.; Three cases in which doctors in Glasgow were diagnosed as having HIV infection were all handled differently in relation to telling patients and the media. In the first patients were not told because the doctor had been doing administrative work and there was thought to be no risk to patients; although the media did re
The FDA just says yes.: Hosp Health Netw. 1996 May 20;70(10):34-6, 38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96230228; MacPherson P; Will a new and, some say, improved FDA improve the conditions, financial and otherwise, of patient care? Many argue that the acceleration of the FDA approval process comes at a high price. As new drugs hit the market faster--and with less proof of their long-term benefits--health care
A matter of trust: mandatory HIV testing [letter]: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996 May;150(5):556-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210285; Laraque D; Mitchell J
Clubbing in human immunodeficiency virus infection.: Br J Rheumatol. 1996 Mar;35(3):292-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194192; Boonen A; Schrey G; Van der Linden S; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology,; University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.; We describe two patients who developed clubbing shortly after HIV seroconversion. None of them had the full syndrome of hypertropic osteoarthropathy. Other causes of clubbing are unlikely. We suggest that clubbing may belong to the spectrum of arthropathies associated with HIV infection.
Successful treatment of Reiter's syndrome in a patient with AIDS with methotrexate and corticosteroids [letter]: Br J Rheumatol. 1996 Mar;35(3):295. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194193; Berenbaum F; Duvivier C; Prier A; Kaplan G
Progress in renal transplantation for children.: Adv Ren Replace Ther. 1996 Jan;3(1):60-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205585; McDonald RA; Watkins SL; Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital and Medical Center,; University of Washington, Seattle 98105, USA.; Renal transplantation continues to be the goal of therapy for children with end-stage renal disease. Patient age, primary renal disease, psychosocial status, living versus cadaver donor allograft, optimal immunosuppressive therapy, urologic status, and maximization of growth and development must be considered in deter
Working with noncompliant and abusive dialysis patients: practical strategies based on ethics and the law.: Adv Ren Replace Ther. 1996 Jan;3(1):77-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205587; Johnson CC; Moss AH; Clarke SA; Armistead NC; Mid-Atlantic Renal Coalition (ESRD Network 5), Midlothian, VA,; USA.; The patient population in dialysis facilities today reflects common societal problems such as human immunodeficiency virus infection, illicit drug use, distrust of and disrespect for authority, and a propensity toward violence. An increase in calls from dialysis units for guidance in dealing with noncompliant and abus
HIV-positive health-care professionals: perspectives and recommendations.: Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1993 Nov;14(11):1458, 1460-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96232364; Koelbl JJ; University of Louisville, School of Dentistry, Kentucky, USA.
Xerostomia: recognition and management of hypofunction of the salivary glands.: Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1995 Jun;16(6):574, 576-84; quiz 586. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96232351; Garg AK; Kirsh ER; Division of Oral/Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry, Department; of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida, USA.; Unfortunately, xerostomia manifests itself in the presence of multiple chronic and acute disease states. Hyposalivation can not only persist as a side effect related to the medical management and concomitant drug use in the treatment of the disease, but it may functionally impair our patients and affect their overall
T lymphocytes infiltrating advanced grades of cervical neoplasia. CD8-positive cells are recruited to invasion.: Cancer. 1995 Oct 15;76(8):1411-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223194; Edwards RP; Kuykendall K; Crowley-Nowick P; Partridge EE; Shingleton HM; Mestecky J; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Medical Center, USA.; BACKGROUND. Impaired cellular immunity appears to be a risk factor for progression of cervical neoplasia, but the immunobiology of neoplastic progression is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to characterize the subpopulations of T lymphocytes that infiltrate various grades of cervical neoplasia includ
Epstein-Barr virus-associated leiomyosarcomas in liver transplantation recipients. Origin from either donor or recipient tissue.: Cancer. 1995 Oct 15;76(8):1481-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223205; Timmons CF; Dawson DB; Richards CS; Andrews WS; Katz JA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas, USA.; BACKGROUND. Leiomyosarcoma, a mesenchymal malignancy with smooth muscle differentiation, is extremely rare in children. Immunosuppression, due to either antirejection medication in organ transplantation recipients or human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV), appears to constitute a predisposition. METHODS. Two cas
Alterations in lymphocyte subsets in blood may predict resectability in carcinoma of cardia or oesophagus.: Cancer Lett. 1996 Feb 27;100(1-2):133-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96196354; Bentdal OH; Froland SS; Bosnes V; Bergan A; Soreide O; Flatmark A; Department of Surgery, Rikshospitalet, The National Hospital,; University of Oslo, Norway.; Impaired immune responses in patients with carcinoma of cardia or oesophagus have previously been reported. However, we do not know whether resectability correlates with specific immunological variables. Immunological assessment was performed in 35 such cancer patients including measurement of total T cells (CD3+) and
Resistance of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis.: Cancer Res. 1996 Apr 15;56(8):1874-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96184982; Mori S; Murakami-Mori K; Jewett A; Nakamura S; Bonavida B; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of; Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095-1747, USA.; Escape of tumor cells from apoptotic-mediated stimuli results in tumor cell survival and resistance to cytotoxic mechanisms. Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the most common malignancy associated with AIDS, although its pathogenesis is not known. It is clinically important to determine whether AIDS-KS cells are resistant to a
Differential basal protein tyrosine phosphorylation in natural killer (NK) and T cells: a biochemical correlate of lymphoid functional activity.: Cell Immunol. 1996 May 1;169(2):302-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211872; McVicar DW; Blake TB; Burns CM; Conlon KC; Ortaldo JR; O'Shea JJ; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, NCI-FCRDC, Frederick,; Maryland 21702-1201, USA.; Despite the similarities between natural killer (NK) and T cells, these lymphocytes have dramatically different functional phenotypes. To identify potential biochemical parameters that correlate with the primed NK phenotype, we have investigated protein tyrosine phosphorylation in NK and T cells. Examination of tyrosy
Characterization of cadherins expressed by murine thymocytes.: Cell Immunol. 1996 May 1;169(2):309-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211873; Munro SB; Duclos AJ; Jackson AR; Baines MG; Blaschuk OW; Department of Surgery, McGill University, Royal Victoria; Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Thymocytes develop in close apposition to the stromal cells of the thymus. The ontogeny of thymocytes is dependent on intimate interactions between these cells and the stromal cells. The molecular mechanisms involved in regulating thymocyte-stromal cell interactions remain to be clearly defined. In this study, we util
Liver endogenous antioxidant defenses in mice fed AIN-76A diet and infected with murine AIDS.: Chem Biol Interact. 1996 Jan 5;99(1-3):17-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195879; Chen LH; Xi S; Cohen DA; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kentucky,; Lexington, 40506-0054, USA.; The effects of murine AIDS infection on endogenous antioxidant defenses in mice fed the AIN-76A liquid diet were investigated. C57BL/6 female mice were divided into 2 groups: one group was injected interperitoneally with LP-BM5 murine retrovirus (MAIDS) stock, and the other group served as the non-infected control. Tw
Disinfectant effects of Taisalite and Taifresh Ace containing Irgasan DP300 against MRSA and HIV.: Bull Tokyo Dent Coll. 1993 Nov;34(4):167-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96232338; Yamanaka A; Hirai K; Kato T; Naito Y; Takazoe I; Okuda K; Okuda K; Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, Japan.; Sterilization and disinfection in dental clinics and laboratories are important in controlling disease vectors such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We determined the inactivation of disinfectant effects of Taisalite and Taifresh Ace containing Irgasan DP300
B-cell proliferation and differentiation in common variable immunodeficiency patients produced by an antisense oligomer to the rev gene of HIV-1.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 May;79(2):115-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197044; Branda RF; Moore AL; Hong R; McCormack JJ; Zon G; Cunningham-Rundles C; Vermont Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Burlington 05405,; USA.; The immunostimulatory activity of a phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide (27 mer) that is antisense to the rev gene of HIV-1 was studied on normal human lymphocytes and on cells from patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI). For peripheral blood mononuclear cells from nine normal individuals, the prolifer
Existence and failure of T-cell homeostasis prior to AIDS onset in HIV-infected injection drug users.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 May;79(2):134-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197046; Galai N; Margolick JB; Astemborski J; Vlahov D; Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene; and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Prior studies, based on populations of homosexual men, have shown that during HIV infection, levels of total circulating T-cells (CD3+ lymphocytes) remain constant for long periods of time after seroconversion. This suggested homeostatic phenomenon was observed to break down about 18 months prior to AIDS diagnosis wit
Sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis contain antibodies to recombinant human T-lymphotrophic virus type I/II envelope glycoprotein p21.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 May;79(2):182-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197051; Starkebaum G; Shasteen NM; Fleming-Jones RM; Loughran TP Jr; Mannik M; Arthritis Section, Seattle VA Medical Center, Washington 98195,; USA.; A possible retroviral etiology for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been raised by results of recent studies. Therefore, we examined sera of patients with RA, including those with coexisting Felty s syndrome or leukemia of large granular lymphocytes, for the presence of antibodies to retroviral proteins of human T-lympho
Similarity of expression of activation markers and CD28 on gamma delta and alpha beta-receptor T cells in HIV infection.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 May;79(2):189-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197052; Jouen-Beades F; Gilbert D; Ramzaoui S; Borsa-Lebas F; Humbert G; Tron F; Groupe de Recherche en Immunopathologie (Institut Federatif de; Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides), CHU Charles; Nicolle, Rouen, France.; During human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, phenotypic analysis of circulating gamma delta+ T cells showed a downregulation of the CD28 surface antigen, as recently demonstrated for CD4+ and CD8+ alpha beta+ T cells. The downregulation of the CD28 molecule predominated on CD8+ gamma delta+ T cells. Moreover,
Increase in lymphocyte subsets following treatment of HIV-associated neutropenia with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 May;79(2):194-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197053; Stricker RB; Goldberg B; HemaCare Corporation, San Francisco, California 94108, USA.; Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been used to treat neutropenia in patients with cancer and HIV disease. Since lymphocyte counts have been reported to increase with G-CSF therapy, we studied the effect of G-CSF on lymphocyte subsets in HIV-infected patients. Six patients with HIV-ass
The validity of classic symptoms and chest radiographic configuration in predicting pulmonary tuberculosis [see comments]: Chest. 1996 Feb;109(2):420-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187664; Cohen R; Muzaffar S; Capellan J; Azar H; Chinikamwala M; Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Cook; County Hospital, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.; OBJECTIVE: Patients admitted to the pulmonary isolation service to rule out tuberculosis (TB) were prospectively studied to identify predictors of smear-positive TB. METHODS: History of symptoms--cough, sputum production, fever, weight loss, night sweats, hemoptysis, anorexia, and dyspnea; medical history--TB, tubercu
The effect of prophylaxis on the outcome of HIV-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia [letter]: Chest. 1996 Feb;109(2):586-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187701; Ewig S
Surgical outcome in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract.: Dis Colon Rectum. 1996 Feb;39(2):167-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223729; Dutta SC; Simons AJ; Levine AM; Ryan M; Anthone GJ; Beart RW Jr; Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los; Angeles, USA.; PURPOSE: Incidence of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) has shown a dramatic increase, concurrent with the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In terms of surgical intervention, management of the patient with AIDS-NHL remains unclear. Purpose of this paper was to dete
Recurrence rate of herpetic uveitis in patients on long-term oral acyclovir.: Doc Ophthalmol. 1995;90(4):331-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96188396; Rodriguez A; Power WJ; Neves RA; Foster CS; Immunology & Uveitis Service, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.; We examined the recurrence rate of herpetic uveitis (HU) in 13 patients (group A) treated prophylactically with long-term systemic acyclovir (600-800 mg/day) and compared it with that of 7 patients with no prophylactic therapy (group B). HU was diagnosed on the basis of a histor
Secondary structural elements as a basis for antibody recognition in the immunodominant region of human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2.: Eur J Biochem. 1996 Apr 1;237(1):188-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203925; Markert RL; Ruppach H; Gehring S; Dietrich U; Mierke DF; Kock M; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Griesinger C; Institut fur Organische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang; Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt, Germany.; Synthetic peptide antigens corresponding to the entire third variable region V3, the principal neutralizing determinant of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 subtype B (1), HIV-2 subtype A (5), and HIV-2 subtype B (7) were synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis (Table 1). 1 and
T-cell membrane-associated serine protease, tryptase TL2, binds human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 and cleaves the third-variable-domain loop of gp120. Neutralizing antibodies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 inhibit cleavage of gp120.: Eur J Biochem. 1996 Apr 1;237(1):64-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96203909; Niwa Y; Yano M; Futaki S; Okumura Y; Kido H; Division of Enzyme Chemistry, University of Tokushima, Japan.; It has been suggested that the third variable domain (V3) loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 has to interact with a cell-surface-associated protease(s) that acts as a cofactor after binding of gp120 to the CD4 receptor during entry of HIV-1 into susceptible cells. We isolated the membrane-associ
The amphiphilic properties of novenamines determine their activity as inhibitors of HIV-1 RNase H.: Experientia. 1996 Apr 15;52(4):329-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205433; Althaus IW; Franks KM; Langley KB; Kezdy FJ; Peterson T; Buxser SE; Decker DE; Dolak LA; Ulrich RG; Reusser F; Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001, USA.; Few inhibitors of the RNase H function associated with the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase have been discovered to date. We observed that three novenamines, U-34445, U-35122, and U-35401, are specific inhibitors of the HIV-1 RT RNase H function. All three compounds are strong amphiphiles and contain one ionizable group. H
Aetiology and prognostic factors of patients with AIDS presenting life-threatening acute respiratory failure.: Eur Respir J. 1995 Nov;8(11):1922-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192524; Torres A; El-Ebiary M; Marrades R; Miro JM; Gatell JM; Sanchez-Nieto JM; Xaubet A; Agusti C; Rodriguez-Roisin R; Serveis de Pneumologia i Al.lergia Respiratoria and Malalties; Infeccioses, Hospital Clinic, Departament de Medicina,; Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.; Respiratory failure is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). We performed a study to investigate the aetiology, prognostic factors, and short- and long-term outcome of AIDS patients with life-threatening respiratory failure and pulmonary i
Parapneumonic effusions secondary to community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.: Eur Respir J. 1995 Nov;8(11):1934-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192526; Gil Suay V; Cordero PJ; Martinez E; Soler JJ; Perpina M; Greses JV; Sanchis J; Hospital Universitari La Fe, Servicio de Neumologia, Valencia,; Spain.; The purpose of this study was to determine whether the clinical and microbiological characteristics of parapneumonic effusions in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were different from those observed in patients without HIV infection. One hundred and t
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease in a HIV-infected intravenous drug abuser.: Eur Respir J. 1995 Nov;8(11):1982-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192535; Escamilla R; Hermant C; Berjaud J; Mazerolles C; Daussy X; Service de Pneumo-Allergologie, Toulouse, France.; Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension. Its origin remains unknown but in some cases a viral aetiology has been suggested. Recently primary pulmonary hypertension has been increasingly observed in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but only one case o
Palliative medicine: providing care when cure is not possible. A roundtable discussion: Part I.: Geriatrics. 1996 May;51(5):33-6, 42-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209327; Butler RN; Burt R; Foley KM; Morris J; Morrison RS; Department of Geriatrics, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York,; USA.; Palliative medicine describes the care of patients with advanced disease. When cure is no longer possible, the goal becomes control of pain, other symptoms, and psychological distress. In the United States , palliation has been pioneered by the hospice movement for patients with dissemi
Productive infection of primary cultures of endothelial cells from the cat liver sinusoid with the feline immunodeficiency virus.: Hepatology. 1996 May;23(5):964-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206518; Steffan AM; Lafon ME; Gendrault JL; Smedsrod B; Nonnenmacher H; Koehren F; Gut JP; de Monte M; Martin JP; Royer C; Kirn A; Unite INSERM 74 et Institut de Virologie de la Faculte de; Medecine, Strasbourg, France.; Given the similarities between the two viruses, the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is becoming an interesting animal model for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) studies. To explore the still controversial role of the liver in the development of HIV infection, sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) were isolated, and
Inhaled corticosteroids in asthma--star wars [editorial; comment]: J Asthma. 1996;33(1):1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187752; Sachs MI
HIV-1 protein expression from synthetic circles of DNA mimicking the extrachromosomal forms of viral DNA.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 8;271(10):5393-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214990; Cara A; Cereseto A; Lori F; Reitz MS Jr; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, NCI, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, USA.; We have constructed circular forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral DNA in vitro that closely resemble the single and double long terminal repeat circular forms of unintegrated viral DNA formed in the nuclei of infected cells. We have analyzed viral protein expression after transient transfection of these
Conformational stability and catalytic activity of HIV-1 protease are both enhanced at high salt concentration.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 8;271(10):5458-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96214999; Szeltner Z; Polgar L; Institute of Enzymology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian; Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1518, Hungary.; The activity of human immunodeficiency virus protease is markedly increased at elevated salt concentration. The structural basis of this effect has been explored by several independent methods by using both the wild-type enzyme and its triple mutant (Q7K/L33I/L63I) (Mildner, A. M., Rothrock, D. J., Leone, J. W., Banno
Intramolecular G-quartet motifs confer nuclease resistance to a potent anti-HIV oligonucleotide.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 8;271(10):5698-703. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215032; Bishop JS; Guy-Caffey JK; Ojwang JO; Smith SR; Hogan ME; Cossum PA; Rando RF; Chaudhary N; Aronex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., The Woodlands, Texas 77381, USA.; We have identified a potentially therapeutic anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 oligonucleotide composed entirely of deoxyguanosines and thymidines (T30177, also known as AR177: 5 -g.tggtgggtgggtggg.t-3 , where asterisk indicates phosphorothioate linkage). In acute assay systems using human T-cells, T30177 and
Sp3 represses transcription when tethered to promoter DNA or targeted to promoter proximal RNA.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 12;271(15):8533-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224051; De Luca P; Majello B; Lania L; Department of Genetics, Molecular and General Biology, University; of Naples Federico II, via Mezzocannone 8, 80134 Naples, Italy.; 10,; Sp3 is a member of the Sp family of transcription factors, and it binds to the GC box with an affinity and specificity comparable with that of Sp1. Previous studies have shown that Sp3 repressed Sp1-mediated transcriptional activation, suggesting that Sp3 is an inhibitory member of the Sp family. The experiments descr
Interactions of a transcriptional activator in the env gene of the mouse mammary tumor virus with activation-dependent, T cell-specific transacting factors.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 12;271(15):8942-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U41642; Sambasivarao D; Paetkau V; Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University; of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.; The mouse mammary tumor virus env gene contains a transcriptional activator (META) that can control transcription of the adjacent long terminal repeat region. Transcriptional control by META parallels that of several lymphokine genes, being specific to T cells, dependent on their activation, and inhibited by the immun
Interaction between c-Rel and the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 signaling cascade in mediating kappaB enhancer activation.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 12;271(15):8971-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224117; Meyer CF; Wang X; Chang C; Templeton D; Tan TH; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baylor College of; Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.; The Rel family of transcription factors are important mediators of various cytokine stimuli such as interleukin (IL)-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and CD28 costimulation in T cell effector responses. These stimuli induce Rel family DNA-binding activity to the kappaB enhancer and CD28 response elements of many
Restoration of tRNA3Lys-primed(-)-strand DNA synthesis to an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase mutant with extended tRNAs. Implications for retroviral replication.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 12;271(15):9054-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224129; Arts EJ; Ghosh M; Jacques PS; Ehresmann B; Le Grice SF; Center for AIDS Research and Division of Infectious Diseases,; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland,; Ohio 44106, USA.; The mechanism for the initiation of reverse transcription in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was studied utilizing a unique reverse transcriptase (RT) mutant altered in its noncatalytic p51 subunit. This mutant (p66/p51Delta13) retains full DNA- and RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity but has reduced aff
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax masks c-Myc function through a cAMP-dependent pathway.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 19;271(16):9730-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199237; Semmes OJ; Barret JF; Dang CV; Jeang KT; Molecular Virology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology,; NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.; Human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax is a pleiotropic gene regulator that functions through CREB/ATF- and NF-kappaB-mediated pathways. In most contexts, Tax is a potent gene activator. Here, we describe an unexpected finding of Myc repression by Tax. In cells that overexpress human T-cell leukemia virus type I Tax,
Identification, purification, and characterization of a PA700-dependent activator of the proteasome.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Feb 9;271(6):3112-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216387; DeMartino GN; Proske RJ; Moomaw CR; Strong AA; Song X; Hisamatsu H; Tanaka K; Slaughter CA; Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA.; The activity of the intracellular protease, the proteasome, is modulated by a number of specific regulatory proteins. One such regulator, PA700, is a 700,000-Da multisubunit protein that activates hydrolytic activities of the proteasome via a mechanism that involves the ATP-dependent formation of a proteasome-PA700 co
Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by cyclopentenone prostaglandins in acutely infected human cells. Evidence for a transcriptional block.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Apr 15;97(8):1795-803. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194678; Rozera C; Carattoli A; De Marco A; Amici C; Giorgi C; Santoro MG; Laboratory of Virology, Rome, Italy.; Cyclopentenone prostaglandins (PGs) inhibit virus replication in several DNA and RNA virus models, in vitro and in vivo. In the present report we demonstrate that the cyclopentenone prostaglandins PGA(1) and PGJ(2) at nontoxic concentrations can dramatically suppress HIV-1 replication during acute infection in CEM-SS
Urokinase is required for the pulmonary inflammatory response to Cryptococcus neoformans. A murine transgenic model.: J Clin Invest. 1996 Apr 15;97(8):1818-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194680; Gyetko MR; Chen GH; McDonald RA; Goodman R; Huffnagle GB; Wilkinson CC; Fuller JA; Toews GB; Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs; Medical Center and University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann; Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.; Urokinase (uPA) is hypothesized to provide proteolytic activity enabling inflammatory cells to traverse tissues during recruitment, and it is implicated as a cytokine modulator. Definitive evaluation of these hypotheses in vivo has previously been impossible because uPA could not completely and irreversibly be elimina
Cutaneous cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis coinfection in a patient with AIDS.: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 May;34(5 Pt 2):898-900. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208260; Myers SA; Kamino H; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710, USA.; Patients with AIDS may have multiple infections at one time, and skin lesions resulting from simultaneous infections with more than one organism have been described. We report a case of disseminated cryptococcal and histoplasmosis infections with cutaneous lesions in a patient with AIDS. In addition, we demonstrate th
Infectious complications of erythrodermic psoriasis.: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 May;34(5 Pt 2):911-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208263; Green MS; Prystowsky JH; Cohen SR; Cohen JI; Lebwohl MG; Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, NY 10029-6574, USA.; Severe morbidity and mortality may be associated with erythrodermic psoriasis, especially when complicated by septicemia. We describe five patients with erythrodermic psoriasis complicated by staphylococcal septicemia. In two, concurrent infection with HIV increased vulnerability to bacteremia.
Atypical scabies in HIV-positive patients.: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 May;34(5 Pt 2):915-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208264; Portu JJ; Santamaria JM; Zubero Z; Almeida-Llamas MV; Aldamiz-Etxebarria San Sebastian M; Gutierrez AR; Services of Internal Medicine, Hospital Txagorritxu,; Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.; Five cases of Norwegian or keratotic scabies in HIV-positive patients are described. One of these patients was the source of an outbreak in a hospital, ultimately involving 72 persons. Three of our patients had a markedly pruritic eruption. This is unusual in crusted scabies in which pruritus is usually slight or abse
Mite-specific induction of interleukin-2 receptor on T lymphocytes from children with mite-sensitive asthma: modified immune response with immunotherapy.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Feb;97(2):680-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191250; Bonno M; Fujisawa T; Iguchi K; Uchida Y; Kamiya H; Komada Y; Sakurai M; Department of Pediatrics, Mie National Hospital, Japan.; BACKGROUND: The efficacy of immunotherapy is still controversial. To elucidate the mechanisms of immunotherapy, we studied mite-specific induction of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression on T lymphocytes from children with mite-sensitive asthma. METHODS: Peripheral blood m
Serum total and specific IgE levels in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus.: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Feb;97(2):692-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191252; Koutsonikolis A; Nelson RP Jr; Fernandez-Caldas E; Brigino EN; Seleznick M; Good RA; Lockey RF; University of South Florida College of Medicine/All Children's; Hospital, Tampa/St. Petersburg, 33701, USA.; BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with polyclonal B-cell activation, and elevated IgE levels are found in infected adults. Chronic nasal symptoms, sinusitis, and otitis media are particularly common in children infected with HIV. The possible allergic cause of nasal symptoms in chi
Shortened telomeres in clonally expanded CD28-CD8+ T cells imply a replicative history that is distinct from their CD28+CD8+ counterparts.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3587-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204446; Monteiro J; Batliwalla F; Ostrer H; Gregersen PK; Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital/Cornell; University Medical College, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.; Long term in vitro culture of clonally expanded CD8+T cells, generally found within the CD57+ or CD28-subset, has generally been unsuccessful, suggesting that these cells may have a limited replicative potential. Telomeric shortening may reflect the action of a mitotic clock regulating the number of divisions a cell c
Different patterns of TCR transgene expression in single-positive and double-negative T cells. Evidence for separate pathways of T cell maturation.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3591-601. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204447; Cheng L; Dejbakhsh-Jones S; Liblau R; Zeng D; Strober S; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine,; CA 94305, USA.; Two lines of transgenic mice were established using the TCR alpha (V alpha 4.4-J alpha 24)- and beta (V beta 9-D beta 1.1-J beta 2.1)-chain genes from a cloned CD4-CD8-alpha beta + (double-negative; DN) T cell line from BALB/c mice. The TCR genes were expressed in CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ (single-positive; SP) and double
Cytokine production by T lymphocytes from young and aged mice.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3621-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204450; Engwerda CR; Fox BS; Handwerger BS; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of; Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore 21201, USA.; We previously have shown that T cell proliferation in response to a primary signal through the CD3 epsilon chain and a costimulatory signal via the CD28 molecule is impaired in healthy, aged mice. To determine whether age-related alterations in cytokine production might explain the reduced proliferative responses of T
Aberrant regulation of cytokines in HIV-1 TAT72-transgenic mice.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3631-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204451; Garza HH Jr; Prakash O; Carr DJ; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology,; Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112,; USA.; The trans-activator of transcription or TAT gene from HIV-1 encodes a protein that increases the processivity of transcription from the HIV-1 genome. TAT protein can also affect cellular processes in the absence of its ribonucleic HIV target sequence trans activation response element and may be responsible for some as
Concanamycin A, a powerful tool for characterization and estimation of contribution of perforin- and Fas-based lytic pathways in cell-mediated cytotoxicity.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3678-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204457; Kataoka T; Shinohara N; Takayama H; Takaku K; Kondo S; Yonehara S; Nagai K; Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology,; Kanagawa, Japan.; Perforin- and Fas-based cytolytic pathways are two major mechanisms of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Recently, we have shown that an inhibitor of vacuolar type H+-ATPase, concanamycin A (CMA), inhibits perforin-based cytotoxic activity, mostly due to accelerated degradation of perforin by an increase in the pH of lytic
DNA immunization induces antibody and cytotoxic T cell responses to hepatitis B core antigen in H-2b mice.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3687-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204458; Kuhober A; Pudollek HP; Reifenberg K; Chisari FV; Schlicht HJ; Reimann J; Schirmbeck R; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ulm, Germany.; The serum Ab response and the class I-restricted CTL response of C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice to hepatitis B (pre)core Ag (HBcAg, HBeAg) was studied. Injection of HBcAg particles without adjuvants into mice efficiently primed serum Ab responses but not CTL response. We constructed the expression plasmids pCMV-1/c and pCMV-1/e
Expression of IFN regulatory factor family proteins in lymphocytes. Induction of Stat-1 and IFN consensus sequence binding protein expression by T cell activation.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3711-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204461; Nelson N; Kanno Y; Hong C; Contursi C; Fujita T; Fowlkes BJ; O'Connell E; Hu-Li J; Paul WE; Jankovic D; Sher AF; Coligan JE; Thornton A; Appella E; Yang Y; Ozato K; Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, National Institute of; Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.; Interferon consensus sequence binding protein (ICSBP) is a transcription factor of the IFN regulatory factor (IRF) family. Evidence indicates that this family has a function in the immune system. Unlike other members of the family, ICSBP is expressed exclusively in the immune system. In this work, immunoblot analysis
Role of host antigen receptor-bearing and antigen receptor-negative cells in immune response to rat adenocarcinoma 13762.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3841-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204477; Frey AB; Department of Cell Biology, New York University Medical Center; 10016, USA.; Involvement of individual immune cell populations in the immune response to rat breast adenocarcinoma 13762 was studied by selective depletion treatments in vivo. Depletion of Ag nonspecific host defense cells from naive animals before tumor challenge resulted in statistically significant acceleration of tumor growth
Acceleration of influenza virus clearance by Th1 cells in the nasal site of mice immunized intranasally with adjuvant-combined recombinant nucleoprotein.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3892-900. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204483; Tamura S; Miyata K; Matsuo K; Asanuma H; Takahashi H; Nakajima K; Suzuki Y; Aizawa C; Kurata T; Department of Pathology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo,; Japan.; The protective roles of influenza viral nucleoprotein (NP), together with the cellular mechanism of the protection in the nasal site, were examined in BALB/c mice immunized intranasally with an adjuvant (cholera toxin B subunit containing 0.2% of the whole toxin)-combined A or B virus recombinant NP. The NP-immune mic
Protective immunity in BALB/c mice against the simian virus 40-induced mKSA tumor resulting from injection of recombinant large T antigen. Requirement of CD8+ T lymphocytes.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3919-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204486; Zerrahn J; Utermohlen O; Warnecke G; Deppert W; Lehmann-Grube F; Heinrich-Pette-Institute for Experimental Virology and; Immunology, University of Hamburg, Germany.; BALB/c mice are often considered low responders or even nonresponders with regard to cytolytic CD8+ T lymphocytes and SV40 large T Ag (TAg). Large TAg and fragments thereof were produced by recombinant technology and injected into BALB/c mice that were subsequently challenged by i.p. injection of syngeneic TAg-express
Induction of IL-12 p40 messenger RNA expression and IL-12 production of macrophages via CD40-CD40 ligand interaction.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3932-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204488; Kato T; Hakamada R; Yamane H; Nariuchi H; Department of Allergology, Institute of Medical Science,; University of Tokyo, Japan.; The mechanism of IL-12 production has been studied by stimulating macrophages or B cell lines with LPS, Staphylococcus aureus, or phorbol diester. However, since IL-12 plays an important role in the activation of T cells interacting with APC, it is important to study the mechanism of IL-12 production induced by T help
Binding of HIV-1 virions or gp120-anti-gp120 immune complexes to HIV-1-infected quiescent peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals latent infection.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):3994-4004. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204496; Briant L; Coudronniere N; Robert-Hebmann V; Benkirane M; Devaux C; Laboratory of Retroviral Immunology, CNRS UPR9008, Montpellier,; France.; HIV-1-infected quiescent CD4+ cells harbor the virus in an inactive state until subsequent activation. The possibility that HIV-1 itself and the virus envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) might be important agents of this activation was investigated. The present data indicate that binding of heat-inactivated HIV-1 (iHIV-
Intact antigen receptor-mediated calcium signals in patients with early stage HIV-1 infection.: J Immunol. 1996 May 15;156(10):4012-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204498; Hickey TE; Blair PJ; Perfetto S; Smoot DS; Wagner KF; St Louis DC; Mayers DL; Siegel JN; June CH; Immune Cell Biology Program, Naval Medical Research Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.; A variety of deficiencies in T cell activation have been described in HIV-1 infection. To determine whether one component of Ag receptor signal transduction might be impaired and contribute to the immunopathology of HIV infection, we tested CD4 cells from patients with early to mid-stage HIV infection for TCR-induced
Body composition and in vivo neutron activation [editorial; comment]: J Lab Clin Med. 1996 May;127(5):414-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209132; Kanaley J
Reliability of in vivo neutron activation analysis for measuring body composition: comparisons with tracer dilution and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry [see comments]: J Lab Clin Med. 1996 May;127(5):420-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209135; Ma K; Kotler DP; Wang J; Thornton JC; Ma R; Pierson RN Jr; Department of Medicine, St. Lukes-Roosevelt Hospital, New York,; NY 10025, USA.; In vivo neutron activation (IVNA) analysis has the capacity to measure several total body elements in human subjects. Although it has been considered a criterion method for the past 3 decades, the reliability of IVNA analysis has been tested only in phantom calibrations. In 5 male weight-stable patients with AIDS, tot
Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the CNS treated with BVAM or CHOD/BVAM chemotherapy before radiotherapy.: J Clin Oncol. 1996 Mar;14(3):945-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96186222; Bessell EM; Graus F; Punt JA; Firth JL; Hope DT; Moloney AJ; Lopez-Guillermo A; Villa S; Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham City Hospital, United; Kingdom.; PURPOSE: To assess whether chemotherapy that includes drugs that cross the blood-brain barrier improves survival in primary CNS non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (PCNSL) when combined with radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients, with no evidence of human immunodeficiency vir
The CD4+/CD8+ ratio as a prognostic factor in patients with metastatic melanoma receiving chemoimmunotherapy.: J Clin Oncol. 1996 May;14(5):1690-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208850; Hernberg M; Muhonen T; Turunen JP; Hahka-Kemppinen M; Pyrhonen S; Department of Oncology, Helsinki University, Central Hospital,; Finland.; PURPOSE: As reported earlier, a chemotherapy regimen that consisted of dacarbazine, vincristine, lomustine, and bleomycin (DOBC) combined with natural leukocyte interferon (IFN) has been administered with favorable results to patients with metastatic melanoma. In this study, lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ and CD8+) were ana
Perinatal HIV infection and the effect of zidovudine therapy on transmission in rural and urban counties [see comments]: JAMA. 1996 May 15;275(19):1483-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208672; Fiscus SA; Adimora AA; Schoenbach VJ; Lim W; McKinney R; Rupar D; Kenny J; Woods C; Wilfert C; Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina at; Chapel Hill, 27599, USA.; OBJECTIVES: To assess health care providers identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed infants, to ascertain the prevalence of transplacental or oral zidovudine treatment among infants exposed to HIV, and to estimate the impact of zidovudine use on perinatal transmission in rural and urban North Car
Zidovudine use to reduce perinatal HIV type 1 transmission in an urban medical center [see comments]: JAMA. 1996 May 15;275(19):1504-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208676; Wiznia AA; Crane M; Lambert G; Sansary J; Harris A; Solomon L; Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Bronx Lebanon Hospital; Center, New York 10457, USA.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether zidovudine treatment was accepted and used by pregnant women subsequent to the release of the results of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (AIDS Clinical Trial Group [ACTG] Protocol 076) that showed that zidovudine significantly reduced maternal-infant human immunodefic
Preventing perinatal HIV infection. How far have we come? [editorial; comment]: JAMA. 1996 May 15;275(19):1514-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208678; Simonds RJ; Rogers M
Gene therapy for HIV [news]: JAMA. 1996 May 22-29;275(20):1533. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96233946; Voelker R
Risk factors for HIV-1 seroconversion may not be what they seem [letter]: JAMA. 1996 May 22-29;275(20):1543-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213890; Brody S
Kaposi sarcoma of the conjunctiva [letter]: JAMA. 1996 May 22-29;275(20):1545. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96213893; Flowers CW Jr; Baker RS
Unnatural death, AIDS, and coroners.: Lancet. 1996 Mar 23;347(9004):777. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180126; Brahams D
Tuberculosis programme changes and treatment outcomes in patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Blantyre, Malawi.: Lancet. 1996 Mar 23;347(9004):807-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180138; Harries AD; Nyong'Onya Mbewe L; Salaniponi FM; Nyangulu DS; Veen J; Ringdal T; Nunn P; College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi.
French patients will get protease inhibitors [news]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 23;347(9004):821. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180143; Gozlan M
Report calls on US to revamp AIDS research effort [news]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 23;347(9004):823. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180145; McCarthy M
High syphilis and low but rising HIV seroprevalence rates in Madagascar [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 23;347(9004):831. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96180158; Behets FM; Andriamahenina R; Andriamiadana J; May JF; Rasamindrakotroka A
HIV quantification: useful for prediction of vertical transmission? [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 30;347(9005):899. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177233; Zollner B; Feucht HH; Helling-Giese G; Schroter M; Laufs R
Strong preference to donate among HIV-positive blood donors in Zimbabwe [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 30;347(9005):902. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177239; Mvere D; Shamu R; Makoni R; Lloyd S; Nhau E; McFarland W
HIV-1 group O and group M dual infection in Benin [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 30;347(9005):902-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177240; Heyndrickx L; Alary M; Janssens W; Davo N; van der Groen G
CD4 lymphopenia in elderly patients [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 30;347(9005):911; discussion 912. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177260; McBride M
CD4 lymphopenia in elderly patients [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 30;347(9005):911-2; discussion 912. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177259; Belmin J; Ortega MN; Bruhat A; Mercadier A; Valensi P
A young child with Kawasaki syndrome and AIDS [letter]: Lancet. 1996 Mar 30;347(9005):912-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177261; Aladhami SMS; Arrowsmith WA; Inglis J; Madlom MM
Correlation of Pneumocystis carinii PCR with clinical diagnosis in immunocompromised patients [letter]: Lancet. 1996 May 4;347(9010):1266. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206458; Weig M; Klinker H; Wilhelm M; Lemmer K; Gross U
HIV tests for babies to be mandatory in USA [news]: Lancet. 1996 May 11;347(9011):1325. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210912; Rovner J
HHV8 DNA in normal gastrointestinal mucosa from HIV seropositive people [letter]: Lancet. 1996 May 11;347(9011):1337-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210936; Thomas JA; Brookes LA; McGowan I; Weller I; Crawford DH
Clinical staging system for AIDS in Edinburgh [letter]: Lancet. 1996 May 11;347(9011):1341. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210943; Hutchinson SJ; Brettle RP; Gore SM
Update: provisional Public Health Service recommendations for chemoprophylaxis after occupational exposure to HIV.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 Jun 7;45(22):468-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224222; Although preventing blood exposures is the primary means of preventing occupationally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, appropriate postexposure management is an important element of workplace safety. Information suggesting that zidovudine (ZDV) postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) may reduce the risk f
Update: mortality attributable to HIV infection among persons aged 25-44 years--United States, 1994.: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 Feb 16;45(6):121-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225832; During the 1980s, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), emerged as a leading cause of death in the United States . In 1993, HIV infection became the most common cause of death among persons aged 25-44 years. This report upd
Marked inhibitory activity of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 when combined with (-)2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine.: Mol Pharmacol. 1996 May;49(5):882-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212950; Balzarini J; Pelemans H; Perez-Perez MJ; San-Felix A; Camarasa MJ; De Clercq E; Karlsson A; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected CEM cells were treated (as single agents or in combination) with (minus)-2 , 3 -dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine ( 3TC ) and the following HIV-1-specific non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (N
Casein kinase II phosphorylates I kappa B alpha at S-283, S-289, S-293, and T-291 and is required for its degradation.: Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Mar;16(3):899-906. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96182093; McElhinny JA; Trushin SA; Bren GD; Chester N; Paya CV; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; 55905, USA.; The phosphoprotein I kappa B alpha exists in the cytoplasm of resting cells bound to the ubiquitous transcription factor NF-kappa B (p50-p65). In response to specific cellular stimulation, I kappa B alpha is further phosphorylated and subsequently degraded, allowing NF-kappa B to translocate to the nucleus and transac
NIH institute limits scope of 'AIDS research' [news]: Nature. 1996 May 16;381(6579):179. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208629; Wadman M
Advisers deny pressure over Japan's 'first' AIDS case [news]: Nature. 1996 May 16;381(6579):181. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208631; Swinbanks D
Tuberculosis: current implications and management in obstetrics.: Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1996 Feb;51(2):115-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206676; Robinson CA; Rose NC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of the; University of Pennsylvania, Philaldephia 19104, USA.; After years of decline, tuberculosis has again emerged as a serious public health issue. Following the introduction of effective chemotherapy at mid-century, cases of tuberculosis decreased until 1986. Since that time, the number of cases of tuberculosis have dramatically increased, particularly among young persons. T
Cis/trans-activation of the interleukin-9 receptor gene in an HTLV-I-transformed human lymphocytic cell.: Oncogene. 1996 Apr 4;12(7):1441-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U48258; Kubota S; Siomi H; Hatanaka M; Pomerantz RJ; Dorrance H Hamilton Laboratories, Department of Medicine,; Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.; The MT-2 cell-line, which had been established through in vitro cell to cell transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) among human primary lymphocytes, was shown to possess multiple copies of integrated proviruses, including defective proviral genomes. By analysing a genomic clone, we identified the
Hepatoma-derived integrated HBV DNA causes multi-stage transformation in vitro.: Oncogene. 1996 Apr 18;12(8):1597-608. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201639; Luber B; Arnold N; Sturzl M; Hohne M; Schirmacher P; Lauer U; Wienberg J; Hofschneider PH; Kekule AS; Max-Planck-Institut fur Biochemie, Martinsried, Germany.; The hepatoma-derived hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA insert HU-a has recently been shown to contain two viral transactivator genes, X and preS2 /S. We report here that HU-a induces malignant transformation after stable transfection of the fetal mouse hepatocyte line FMH202, as indicated by soft agar growth and nude mouse
Expression of cell-cycle regulatory genes in HTLV-I infected T-cell lines: possible involvement of Tax1 in the altered expression of cyclin D2, p18Ink4 and p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1.: Oncogene. 1996 Apr 18;12(8):1645-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201644; Akagi T; Ono H; Shimotohno K; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.; To understand how the growth of T-cells transformed by Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is deregulated, we analysed the expression of cell-cycle regulatory genes in HTLV-I infected and non-infected T-cell lines. We investigated the gene for 6 cyclins, 4 cyclin-dependent kinases, and 5 cyclin-dependent kinas
Positive selection and rates of evolution in immunodeficiency viruses from humans and chimpanzees.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 16;93(8):3284-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96194959; Mindell DP; Department of Biology and Museum of Zoology, University of; Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.; Evolutionary theory predicts the recent spread of primate immunodeficiency viruses (PIVs) to new human populations to be accompanied by positive selection in response to new host environments and/or by random genetic drift. I assess evidence for positive selection in human and chimpanzee PIVs type I (PIV1s), using rat
cAMP inducibility of transcriptional repressor ICER in developing and mature human T lymphocytes.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 16;93(8):3536-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195006; Bodor J; Spetz AL; Strominger JL; Habener JF; Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Massachusetts General; Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.; Stimulation of the cAMP-dependent signaling pathway exerts an inhibitory effect on the proliferation and effector functions of T cells. The ability of T cells to form high intracellular levels of cAMP is acquired during development in the human thymus and is retained by the majority of mature peripheral T lymphocytes.
Comparative interleukin (IL-2)/interferon IFN-gamma and IL-4/IL-10 responses during acute infection of macaques inoculated with attenuated nef-truncated or pathogenic SICmac251 virus.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 16;93(8):3658-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195028; Benveniste O; Vaslin B; Le Grand R; Cheret A; Matheux F; Theodoro F; Cranage MP; Dormont D; Service de Neurovirologie, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique,; Department de Recherches Medicale, Centre de Recherches du; Service de Sante des Armees Emile Parde, Fontenay aux Roses,; France.; Comparison of immune responses to infection by a pathogenic or a nonpathogenic immunodeficiency virus in macaques may provide insights into pathogenetic events leading to simian AIDS. This work is aimed at exploring cytokine expression during infection by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We used semiquantitative r
[Primary cerebral non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The results of radiotherapy]: Strahlenther Onkol. 1996 Apr;172(4):198-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96206473; Hetzel-Sesterheim M; Schnabel K; Nestle U; Hamann G; Berberich W; Abteilung fur Strahlentherapie, Universitatskliniken; Homburg/Saar.; BACKGROUND: In the last years many therapeutic attempts were made to improve the poor prognosis of primary cerebral non Hodgkin s lymphoma. The aim of this study was to report on own experiences concerning this rare disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 1986 to 1994 26 patients were treated for primary cerebral non Hodgki
Sensitivity and specificity of four assays to detect human T-lymphotropic virus type I or type I/II antibodies.: Transfusion. 1996 Apr;36(4):344-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226150; Vrielink H; Reesink HW; Zaaijer HL; van der Poel CL; Cuypers HT; Lelie PN; Red Cross Blood Bank, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; BACKGROUND: Assays that detect human T-lymphotropic virus type I and type II antibody (HTLV-I/II) are widely used in the routine screening of blood donors. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Four commercially available anti-HTLV-I (Fujirebio and Organon Teknika) or -HTLV-I/II assays (Murex and Ortho) were evaluated in various
Cost-effectiveness of p24 antigen testing in preventing transfusion transmission of human immunodeficiency virus infection [letter]: Transfusion. 1996 Apr;36(4):382. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226157; Soloway HB
Testing for human immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen [letter]: Transfusion. 1996 Apr;36(4):382-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96226156; Mendelson DN; Sandler SG
Depletion of the mature CD4+8- thymocyte subset by FK506 analogs correlates with their immunosuppressive and calcineurin inhibitory activities.: Transplantation. 1996 Mar 27;61(6):926-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185316; Koprak S; Sirotina A; Ok H; Dumont FJ; Department of Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway,; New Jersey 07065, USA.; FK506 blocks T cell activation by preventing the transcription of lymphokine genes through binding to the intracellular protein FKBP12 and formation of complex that inhibits the phosphatase activity of calcineurin. Beside exerting potent suppressive activity on cellular and humoral immune responses, in vivo treatment
alpha/beta-T cell receptor-directed therapy in rat allograft recipients. Long-term survival of cardiac allografts after pretreatment with R73 mAb is associated with upregulation of Th2-type cytokines.: Transplantation. 1996 Mar 27;61(6):948-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96185319; Heidecke CD; Hancock WW; Westerholt S; Sewczik T; Jakobs F; Zantl N; Varzaru A; Siegling A; Kurrle R; Deusch K; Volk HD; Kupiec-Weglinski JW; Department of Surgery, Technische Universitat Munchen, Germany.; Rejection of vascularized allografts still poses the major problem in organ transplantation. Therefore, transplant rejection of cardiac allografts was investigated in a rat model (BN-to-LEW) under alpha/beta-TCR (R73) mAb-targeted therapy. Two protocols were studied: posttransplant (immunosuppressive) and pretransplan
Prevention of Th1 response is critical for tolerance.: Transplantation. 1996 Apr 15;61(7):1076-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204851; Chen N; Gao Q; Field EH; Department of Medicine, University of Iowa college of Medicine,; Iowa City 52246, USA.; We investigated the role of Th1 ad Th2 cytokines in rejection and tolerance using the neonatal tolerance model. We reported previously that lymph nodes that drained immunogen-bearing tolerant grafts produced a 10- to 100-fold higher ratio of interleukin (IL)-4 to interferon (IFN)-gamma compared with lymph node cells f
Cellular xenografting: from diabetes to AIDS.: Transplant Proc. 1996 Apr;28(2):533. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199494; Ricordi C; Inverardi L; Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami School of; Medicine, Florida, USA.
Induction of primate TH2 lymphokines to suppress TH1 cells.: Transplant Proc. 1996 Apr;28(2):665-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199576; Smit JA; Stark JH; Myburgh JA; Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand Medical; School, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Induced tolerance and flow cytometry analysis of lymphocyte phenotypes in concordant xenograft transplantation.: Transplant Proc. 1996 Apr;28(2):721-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199606; Jensen JE; Jensen PB; Nielsen B; Koch C; Larsen S; Horn T; Kemp E; Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
Interprimate stem cell transplantation.: Transplant Proc. 1996 Apr;28(2):845-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199672; Stark JH; Smit JA; Lyons SF; Nel M; Burke J; Mokoena T; Department of Surgery, Wits Medical School, Johannesburg, South; Africa.
Screening of baboons as potential liver donors for humans.: Transplant Proc. 1996 Apr;28(2):855. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199676; Luo Y; Taniguchi S; Kobayashi T; Niekrasz M; Cooper DK; Oklahoma Transplantation Institute, Baptist Medical Center,; Oklahoma City 73112, USA.
Xenozoonoses: assessing activation of latent/unknown viruses in immunosuppressed baboons.: Transplant Proc. 1996 Apr;28(2):856-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199677; Stark JH; Basetse HR; Lecatsas G; Smit JA; Myburgh JA; Department of Surgery, Wits Medical School, Johannesburg, South; Africa.
Two new DNA synthesis inhibitors with potent immunosuppressive activity prolong allograft and xenograft survival in small and large animals.: Transplant Proc. 1996 Apr;28(2):920-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96199705; Goodman ER; Fiedor PS; Fein S; Sung RS; Athan E; Hardy MA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York; 10032, USA.
Decreased expression and function of Vbeta6+ and Vbeta14+ T cells is associated with decreased Th1 cytokine production in mice with plasma cell tumors.: Tumori. 1996 Jan-Feb;82(1):22-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96201215; Stefanski HE; Mathur A; Department of Oral Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,; MN, USA.; AIMS AND BACKGROUND: We have found that polyclonally stimulated T cells from mice bearing ascitic plasma cell tumors demonstrate specific decreases in Th1 cytokine production. In this study we investigated whether loss of Th1 responses in the plasma cell tumor system was associated with alterations in the Vbeta T cell
Poliovirus replicons that express the gag or the envelope surface protein of simian immunodeficiency virus SIV(smm) PBj14.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):140-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204581; Anderson MJ; Porter DC; Fultz PN; Morrow CD; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294, USA.; Poliovirus genomes encoding the complete gag or env surface gene of the simian immunodeficiency virus SIV(smm) PBj14 (SIV-PBj14) were constructed. The in vitro-transcribed RNA from these genomes, referred to as replicons, have the capacity for self-replication when transfected into tissue culture cells. Serial passage
A novel ribozyme target site located in the HIV-1 nef open reading frame.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):161-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204583; Larsson S; Hotchkiss G; Su J; Kebede T; Andang M; Nyholm T; Johansson B; Sonnerborg A; Vahlne A; Britton S; Ahrlund-Richter L; Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge,; Sweden.; We have tested the sequence UUC CAG UCA GAC CU, at position 9016--9029 within the HIV-1(SF2) nef open reading frame, for accessibility to antisense and hammerhead ribozyme attack. The accessibility was first studied using a phosphorothioate-modified 14-nt DNA oligo (complementary to the nef9016--9029 site). A dose-dep
Protection from pathogenic SIVmac challenge following short-term infection with a nef-deficient attenuated virus.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):195-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204587; Norley S; Beer B; Binninger-Schinzel D; Cosma C; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.; Infection of rhesus macaques with attenuated SIVmac is, at present, the only strategy which confers significant protection from challenge with wild-type SIVmac grown in monkey PBMC. However, initial results suggest that the protective mechanism does not develop until late after vaccination (approx 10 months). As part
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein is incorporated into virus particles and specifically cleaved by the viral proteinase.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):228-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204590; Welker R; Kottler H; Kalbitzer HR; Krausslich HG; Angewandte Tumorvirologie, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum,; Heidelberg, Germany.; The Nef protein of primate immunodeficiency viruses is essential for establishing a highly productive pathogenic infection in vivo. In tissue culture, Nef is not required for infection but enhances viral infectivity. This effect is most pronounced in unstimulated primary lymphocytes and occurs in the early phase of in
Genetic control of infection of primary macrophages with T-cell-tropic strains of HIV-1.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):257-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204593; Hirsch I; de Mareuil J; Salaun D; Chermann JC; Unite de Recherches sur les Retrovirus et Maladies Associees,; INSERM U322, Marseille, France.; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) NDK, a Zairian subtype D virus highly cytopathic for CD4-positive lymphocytes, and the prototype subtype B virus HIV-1 LAV are about 10(4) and 10(5) times more infectious, respectively, for T lymphocytes than for blood-derived macrophages (BDM). Recombinant viruses derived f
Heat-resistant factors in human erythrocyte membranes mediate CD4-dependent fusion with cells expressing HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):262-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204594; Puri A; Morris SJ; Jones P; Ryan M; Blumenthal R; Section on Membrane Structure and Function, NCI/NIH, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892-1350, USA.; It has been shown that human CD4 expressed in nonhuman cells does not support HIV-1 entry into those cells and that components from human cells in addition to CD4 are required to overcome the block. We have used human red blood cells (huRBC) as a source for the accessory components since their membrane composition is
Extensive regions of pol are required for efficient human immunodeficiency virus polyprotein processing and particle maturation.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):29-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204569; Quillent C; Borman AM; Paulous S; Dauguet C; Clavel F; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, CNRS URA 1157, Departement SIDA et; Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; Human immunodeficiency type 1 particle maturation is dependent upon proteolytic cleavage of the gag and gag-pol precursors by the pol-encoded viral protease. We have investigated the importance of domains of pol other than the protease for particle maturation and gag proteolytic processing. Truncations of the gag-pol
Reduction of human immunodeficiency virus production and cytopathic effects by inhibitors of the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):291-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204599; Voss TG; Gatti PJ; Fermin CD; Garry RF; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University; School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.; Infection of CD4+ T-lymphoblastoid cells by cytopathic strains of HIV-1 results in an increase in cell volume that leads to lysis and cell death. The increase in volume is attributable in part to an HIV-induced increase in intracellular monovalent ion concentrations mediated by the plasma membrane-associated Na+/K+/2
Proteolytic activity of human immunodeficiency virus Vpr- and Vpx-protease fusion proteins.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):307-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204603; Wu X; Liu H; Xiao H; Kappes JC; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294, USA.; In addition to Gag, Pol, and Env, primate lentiviruses encode other virion-associated proteins, including Vpr, Vpx, and Vif. Vpr- and Vpx-staphylococcal nuclease and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion proteins incorporate into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virions and retain enzyme activity when expressed i
Catalytic activities of the human T-cell leukemia virus type II integrase.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):77-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204574; Balakrishnan M; Zastrow D; Jonsson CB; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, New Mexico State; University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003 USA.; Despite the widespread nature of HTLV-II in New World populations and intravenous drug users, the enzymatic activities of the pol genes have not been reported. To ascertain the activity of the HTLV-II(G12) integrase (IN), the coding region was isolated and the encoded protein was purified, using nickel-affinity chroma
Broader tropism and higher cytopathicity for CD4+ T cells of a syncytium-inducing compared to a non-syncytium-inducing HIV-1 isolate as a mechanism for accelerated CD4+ T cell decline in vivo.: Virology. 1996 May 1;219(1):87-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96204575; Fouchier RA; Meyaard L; Brouwer M; Hovenkamp E; Schuitemaker H; Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, Central Laboratory of The; Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.; The emergence of syncytium-inducing (SI) HIV-1 isolates in infected individuals precedes an accelerated CD4+ T cell decline and is associated with high virus load and rapid disease progression. The exact mechanism by which SI HIV-1 variants may cause this enhanced clinical progression is unknown. Here we demonstrate t
Outpatient management of tuberculosis [see comments]: Am Fam Physician. 1996 Apr;53(5):1579-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209644; McColloster P; Neff NE; Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.; All patients with a positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test should be evaluated for weight loss, night sweats, fever, chronic cough and other signs of active tuberculosis. Chest radiographs should also be obtained in these patients. All converters receiving isoniazid should be examined monthly for signs of hepat
Endocarditis in injection drug users.: Am Fam Physician. 1996 May 1;53(6):2045-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210174; DeWitt DE; Paauw DS; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington,; USA.; Injection drug use is an important risk factor for endocarditis. The clinical manifestations of endocarditis associated with injection drug use differ from those in person who do not use drugs. Endocarditis in drug users more often affects the right side of the heart and presents with fever and pulmonary emboli rather
Indinavir approved for HIV infection [news]: Am Fam Physician. 1996 May 1;53(6):2203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210184
The cost-effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus screening in pregnancy.: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Feb;174(2):716-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96191883; Ecker JL; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,; University of California, San Francisco, USA.; OBJECTIVE: My purpose was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of screening for human immunodeficiency virus during pregnancy as part of a protocol in which zidovudine was used to reduce the risk of vertical transmission. STUDY DESIGN: This mathematic model used decision analysis to calculate the marginal cost-effective
Presumed ocular and central nervous system tuberculosis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Am J Ophthalmol. 1996 Feb;121(2):217-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225642; Muccioli C; Belfort R Jr; Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Sao Paulo,; Paulista School of Medicine, Sao Paulo Hospital, Brazil.; PURPOSE: To elucidate a case of tuberculous choroiditis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). METHODS: We treated a 35-year-old woman who had AIDS with neurologic involvement caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. She developed a yellow-white chorioretinal infiltrate with indistinct borders a
Squamous cell carcinoma of the eyelid and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.: Am J Ophthalmol. 1996 Feb;121(2):219-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96225643; Maclean H; Dhillon B; Ironside J; Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, Edinburgh, Scotland, United; Kingdom.; PURPOSE: We studied a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the eyelid in a 42-year-old homosexual man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to explore the link between squamous cell carcinoma and human Papillomavirus infection. METHOD: A rapidly growing, 3-mm lesion was removed from the right lower eyelid b
Charting a new course through the chaos of KS (Kaposi's sarcoma) [comment]: Am J Pathol. 1996 May;148(5):1323-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208109; Nickoloff BJ; Foreman KE; Loyola University Medical School, Maywood, Illinois 60153-5385,; USA.
Chemokines and T lymphocyte recruitment to lymph nodes in HIV infection.: Am J Pathol. 1996 May;148(5):1367-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208115; Tedla N; Palladinetti P; Kelly M; Kumar RK; DiGirolamo N; Chattophadhay U; Cooke B; Truskett P; Dwyer J; Wakefield D; Lloyd A; Inflammation Research Unit, School of Pathology, University of; New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.; Recruitment of T lymphocytes to lymph nodes in patients with HIV infection is critical to the pathogenesis of disease. Chemokines are a family of cytokines, which are potent regulators of leukocyte migration. We studied the leukocyte populations and expression of chemokines known to be active upon T cells in lymph nod
CD40 antigen is expressed by endothelial cells and tumor cells in Kaposi's sarcoma [see comments]: Am J Pathol. 1996 May;148(5):1387-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208118; Pammer J; Plettenberg A; Weninger W; Diller B; Mildner M; Uthman A; Issing W; Sturzl M; Tschachler E; Institute of Clinical Pathology, University of Vienna Medical; School, Austria.; The CD40 antigen is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor/nerve growth factor receptor superfamily and is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Using different monoclonal antibodies, we found CD40 expression by immunohistochemistry on CD31- and CD34-positive Kaposi s sarcoma spindle c
Human T lymphotropic virus-I infection of human T lymphocytes induces expression of the beta-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin-3.: Am J Pathol. 1996 May;148(5):1661-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96208140; Hsu DK; Hammes SR; Kuwabara I; Greene WC; Liu FT; Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.; Animal lectins play important roles in a variety of biological processes via their recognition of glycoconjugates. Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding lectin previously designated as epsilon BP (IgE-binding protein), CBP35, Mac-2, L-29, and L-34, and its expression has been associated with various physiological a
Corticosteroid-induced pancreatitis [letter]: Ann Intern Med. 1996 Jun 1;124(11):1016. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212344; Felig DM; Topazian M
Viral dynamics of HIV: implications for drug development and therapeutic strategies.: Ann Intern Med. 1996 Jun 1;124(11):984-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212334; Havlir DV; Richman DD; University of California, San Diego, USA.; The ability to quantitate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in blood and tissues from patients at all stages of disease has provided new insights into the pathogenesis of HIV disease. There is a dynamic equilibrium between HIV production and clearance even during the period of clinical latency, which may permit resis
Survivor treatment selection bias in observational studies: examples from the AIDS literature.: Ann Intern Med. 1996 Jun 1;124(11):999-1005. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212336; Glesby MJ; Hoover DR; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.; Unlike patients in a randomized, clinical trial, patients in an observational study choose if and when to begin treatment. Patients who live longer have more opportunities to select treatment; those who die earlier may be untreated by default. These facts are the essence of an often overlooked bias, termed survivor tr
Neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of hAPP in transgenic mice.: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Jan 17;777:82-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96187004; Mucke L; Abraham CR; Masliah E; Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037, USA. lmucke@scripps.edu; To better understand the role the human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) plays in Alzheimer s disease (AD), it is essential to define its primary function(s). Here we expressed different hAPPs in neurons of transgenic (tg) mice to characterize their effects on the intact central nervous system (CNS). Immunolabeled bra
Health psychology: psychological factors and physical disease from the perspective of human psychoneuroimmunology.: Annu Rev Psychol. 1996;47:113-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96193329; Cohen S; Herbert TB; Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh,; Pennsylvania 15213, USA.; This review addresses the importance of studies of human psychoneuroimmunology in understanding the role of psychological factors in physical illness. First, it provides psychologically and biologically plausible explanations for how psychological factors might influence immunity and immune system-mediated disease. Se
Cutaneous Cryptococcus infection and AIDS. Report of 12 cases and review of the literature.: Arch Dermatol. 1996 May;132(5):545-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210234; Murakawa GJ; Kerschmann R; Berger T; Department of Dermatology, University of California, San; Francisco, USA.; BACKGROUND: Cryptococcal infections occur in 6% to 13% of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), most commonly infecting the central nervous system. Cutaneous lesions have been described morphologically as umbilicated papules, nodules, and violaceous plaques and can mimic molluscum contagiosum and Ka
Acute pancreatitis associated with sodium stibogluconate treatment in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus [letter]: Arch Intern Med. 1996 May 13;156(9):1029, 1032. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96212408; Domingo P; Ferrer S; Kolle L; Munoz C; Rodriguez P
AIDS programs brace for funding cuts; few agencies expect to be spared. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Oct;10(10):121-2, 124. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700838; The push to balance the Federal budget is expected to severely impact AIDS funding in the immediate and foreseeable future. AIDS education, health care delivery, research, and service programs will be negatively affected, with many programs and agencies already feeling the financial crunch. Private funding is also a p
Saquinavir thwarts resistance. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Oct;10(10):123. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700839; HIV resistance develops slowly when Hoffman-LaRoche s protease inhibitor, saquinavir, is used against it. European researchers also report that saquinavir does not cause cross-resistance to other protease inhibitors . After one year of treatment, half of the European
AIDS care now straining rural health systems. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Oct;10(10):124-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700840; HIV infection rates are increasing in rural areas. The spread of AIDS in these areas is further straining the services in these areas, already strained by inadequate education, funding, geographical isolation, and community intolerance. An alarming trend is the spread of AIDS among women, particularly African American
Rx for rural AIDS: more funds, community support. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Oct;10(10):127-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700841; Three approaches to developing HIV service networks in rural settings are discussed: a laissez-faire approach, a state-initiated program, and a community-initiated program. A chart is provided that presents the basic points of each approach. A key point in reducing the problems of rural isolation is the developing tol
Peer education, reduction of risk appeal to gay teens. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Oct;10(10):131-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700842; The Hetrick-Martin Institute and AIDS educators help gay and lesbian adolescents confront issues such as AIDS education and discrimination. Intolerance and religious convictions held by the community impede proper AIDS education. Peer education programs in schools or health care facilities, and use of near-peer educat
Basic facts about the Ryan White CARE Act. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Oct;10(10):suppl 1-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700843; The Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resource Emergency (CARE) Act is the most highly funded AIDS program in existence, with five areas providing funds for different aspects of AIDS service. Title 1 funds go directly to qualifying cities; Title 2 funds are designated to improve the scope and quality of medical care in ea
Killen discusses NIAID strategy, progress in HIV vaccine research and development. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. [interview] Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: NIAID AIDS Agenda. 1995 Sep;:1, 10-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700857; Killen J; The director of NIAID s Division of AIDS, Jack Killen, M.D., discusses plans and progress in the development of HIV vaccines. Dr. Killen is optimistic that a safe and effective vaccine could be developed. Such vaccines would have very few side effects, provide protection against all HIV subtypes, provide long-lasting
SPIRAT group begins clinical trial of DNA-based therapeutic vaccine. Strategic Program for Innovative Research on AIDS Treatment. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: NIAID AIDS Agenda. 1995 Sep;:2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700858; Folkers G; NIAID s Strategic Program for Innovative Research on AIDS Treatment (SPIRAT) is conducting tests on a new type of therapeutic vaccine that may help boost the immune systems of HIV-infected individuals. This vaccine works by injecting non-infectious HIV genes into a patient s muscle. In preclinical studies in rodents a
NIAID launches three new AIDS vaccine trials. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: NIAID AIDS Agenda. 1995 Sep;:3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700859; Doepel LK; Three new trials of experimental vaccines to prevent HIV infection and disease recently began enrolling volunteers at six clinical units throughout the United States . These Phase I trials will look for any adverse side effects and evaluate vaccine-induced immune responses. The goal of
Update on clinical trials of combination therapies for HIV infection. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: NIAID AIDS Agenda. 1995 Sep;:8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700860; A list is provided of open trials of combination therapies underway at sites of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) and the Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA). Most trials are open to new patients or are expected to open shortly.
Drug developed by NCDDG-OI to enter clinical trials. National Cooperative Drug Discovery Group Program for Opportunistic Infections. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: NIAID AIDS Agenda. 1995 Sep;:9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700861; Doepel LK; Phase I clinical trials on a new drug developed to treat patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) are expected to begin in the fall of 1995. The drug is designated RG-201 and has been developed by the National Cooperative Drug Discovery Group program for Opportunistic Infections. The mechanism of action is n
Study finds legalizing needles reduces HIV risk. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):1, 11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700862; Legal, over-the-counter (OTC) sale of syringes significantly decreased the rate of needle sharing among injection drug users in Connecticut. In 1992, Connecticut passed legislation allowing pharmacies to sell OTC syringes as one component of the State s HIV prevention program. Over eighty-percent of the pharmacies in
Dentist ordered to pay $82,000 for denial of care. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):1, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700863; A U.S. District Judge in New Jersey granted default judgment for a patient who was refused dental treatment because of his HIV status. The dentist, Howard Bloom, refused to disclose information necessary to the trial. Upon learning of the patient s HIV status, the dentist abruptly canceled a tooth extraction that was
Judge says leading viatical firm violated securities laws. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700864; A Federal judge has agreed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in its suit against Life Partners, a leading viatical settlement company. According to the SEC, Life Partners buys insurance policies from persons living with AIDS in its own name and then sells interests in these policies to investors. The S
Appeals court says FBI erred in terminating doctor's services. Federal Bureau of Investigations. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700865; The late Dr. James Cullen of San Francisco had a four-year contract to perform physical exams on local FBI agents and job applicants. When the FBI learned that Dr. Cullen had AIDS, the San Francisco field office stopped using his services. An initial non-jury trial found that Dr. Cullen did not have private right of a
Court affirms $2.14 million award in blood transfusion case. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700866; An Illinois Court of Appeals ruled that State laws require blood suppliers to exceed their screening standards when it is apparent that the standards are inadequate to protect blood recipients from disease. A jury awarded $2.14 million to the family of a man who contracted HIV from a 1984 blood transfusion. Jurors con
Firm settles AIDS firing for $100,000 after pretrial motion fizzles. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700867; The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) sued a Texas importer for violating the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Chemtech International was charged with terminating an employee because he has AIDS. Chemtech initially claimed that since it employed fewer than 25 people, it was exempt from the employmen
Judge upholds county regulation discouraging sex in video stores. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700868; According to a Federal judge in Wisconsin, a county ordinance regulating adult video shops does not violate free speech rights or infringe on privacy. When the Kenosha County Board of Health found condoms and traces of semen on the floors of viewing booths, it was suggested that the booths were being used for sexual l
Employer, worker with AIDS settle claim for job accommodation. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700869; An out-of-court settlement was reached between an employee with AIDS and his Philadelphia-based employer. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) filed suit on behalf of Robert A. Pinard, who was denied permission for a flexible work schedule to accommodate side effects from experimental AIDS treatment. Sin
Judge upholds Maine's denial of service to patient with AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700870; A U.S. District Judge has upheld the Maine Medicaid program s refusal to supply liquid dietary supplements to patients with AIDS-related malnutrition. When the State refused to pay for over-the-counter supplements, Raymond Hines, an AIDS patient, initiated a class-action suit charging that those suffering with clinica
Inmates lose bid to screen food handlers for HIV infection. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700871; Pennsylvania jail inmates at the State Correctional Institute at Graterford claimed that because food handlers were not screened for HIV, no protection from HIV infection was being provided. A Federal judge dismissed the claim on the grounds that the plaintiffs failed to allege that they suffered any real or potential
Ohio officials inadvertently divulge HIV status of community advisors. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700872; An employee with the Ohio Department of Health disclosed the HIV status and sexual orientation of volunteers without their prior knowledge or consent. A list including the names, HIV status, and sexual orientation of volunteers on the State s HIV prevention program advisory panel was faxed to an AIDS organization. Acc
EEOC sues aerospace company over firing of worker with AIDS. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700873; The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) filed suit against a New Jersey aerospace company for violating the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). AlliedSignal Aerospace is charged with refusing to provide reasonable accommodations to Richard J. Wiegand, an employee with AIDS, and terminating him when he an
Congress returns. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700874; A Senate subcommittee has allocated $171 million for The Housing Opportunities for People with AIDS (HOPWA) program. The subcommittee s vote on HOPWA calls for a specific funding level. The House-passed bill allows the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to determine the level of funding. Regardless, the
Virus reaches U.S. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Sep 22;10(17):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700875; The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced that HIV-2 infection, previously isolated to Western Africa, has been found in the U.S. Of the 62 people diagnosed with HIV-2 in the U.S., more than two-thirds are native Africans. Those born in the U.S. reported traveling to or having a sex partner from A
Despite deadline, Congress not finished with AIDS funding bills. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):1, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700876; As the Federal budget deadline nears, it appears that many of the appropriations measures affecting AIDS programs will not be completed on time. Among items slated for reauthorization are the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act, at a slightly higher funding level; and the Housing Opportunities
Federal panel endorses needle-exchange programs. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):1, 6, 8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700877; A joint panel of the National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine concluded that needle-exchange programs slow the spread of HIV, and recommended removal of Federal and State restrictions against the programs. The panel was created by the National Academy of Sciences, which had been directed by 1992 Congres
Sexual harassment was not pretext for HIV firing, judge says. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700878; Laurence Brown, a Sprint supervisor who was fired for sexual harassment of two female employees, charged he was actually dismissed because he is HIV-positive. Federal Judge Paul Gadola of Michigan s Eastern District dismissed the case because Brown failed to prove anyone in the company knew he was HIV-positive. Sprint
Court rules nursing home illegally removed cook with HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700879; The Appellate Court of Illinois, First District, has upheld the reinstatement of a cook who lost his job after his employer learned of his HIV-positive diagnosis. James W. Davis was placed on unpaid leave by Burton Behr, the administrator of the Raintree Health Care Center in Evanston. Behr did not respond when Davis
Ohio's Supreme Court rules error in test is not actionable. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700880; Ohio s Supreme Court has ruled that a woman who was misdiagnosed with HIV cannot sue for damages from emotional distress since she was never in any physical peril. Patricia Heiner, now Patricia Zucco, was informed by her physician, Richard W. Moretuzzo, that she was HIV-positive following a blood test in 1990. Another
Panel sees bleach, an imperfect method, as better than nothing. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700881; Bleach distribution programs are presently operated in at least fifty cities in an effort to reduce HIV transmission among injection drug users. However, a National Academy of Sciences panel concluded that the use of bleach for disinfecting needles and syringes was not proven to have a significant protective effect ag
Study finds sharing is a necessity, not a ritual. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700882; Anthropologist Steven Koester of the University of Denver has determined that drug users are eager for sterile injection equipment, but are forced to share because anti-paraphernalia laws make it too risky for them to carry their works. Sharing needles has been regarded as a ritualized bonding experience in the drug s
Activists say GOP Medicaid plan would harm people with AIDS. Republican Party.96700883 Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700883; AIDS activists are condemning legislation to overhaul Medicaid, approved on September 22, ending the 30-year Federal entitlement of providing medical care for the poor. In a Republican initiative, the House Commerce Committee passed the measure that will eliminate Federal standards for health care; give States new pow
Researchers are rethinking role of AZT in drug therapy. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700884; The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is reconsidering whether AZT should remain the drug of first choice for the treatment of HIV. The September 14 decision to hold a meeting on the matter is based on preliminary evidence
Viatical investigation. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700885; Viatical Benefits, a viatical settlement company in Fort Lauderdale, FL, is reportedly under investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for using high-pressure sales tactics to sell policies to investors. The SEC has declined comment, and Egbert Jaeger, the president of Viatical Benefits, has denied
HIV testing ends. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700886; The longest running school-based HIV testing program for high school students was canceled, following parents objections, by the school board. The free, voluntary testing program began in Lee County, FL, in 1992, and was judged successful by AIDS educators when the numbers of adolescents and young adults testing HIV-
Focusing on the negative. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700887; A San Francisco HIV prevention group has started a series of programs focusing on keeping HIV-negative gay men uninfected. The group, Invention, began the programs in September in response to city-funded studies showing gay men returning to unsafe sexual practices. The San Francisco AIDS Office estimates that 650 gay
Eviction overturned. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 6;10(18):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700888; A Municipal Court jury in Long Beach, CA, has convicted a landlord of unlawful discrimination for trying to evict a tenant infected with HIV. The landlord, Susie Jane Guesno, admitted asking the tenant if he had HIV a day before issuing him a thirty-day eviction notice, but claimed she evicted him because of frequent
Update on HIV protease inhibitors. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Clin Care. 1995 Oct;7(10):79-82, 88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700889; Vella S; When HIV replicates, it forms large precursor proteins that are cleaved and processed by HIV protease to generate smaller viral proteins. HIV protease inhibitors interfere with this process, causing viral particles that are formed to be structurally disorganized, no
HIV and family living. Preventing the spread of HIV and other diseases. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Clin Care. 1995 Oct;7(10):83-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700890; Sax P; Weinberger H; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.; HIV is spread through direct contact with body fluids, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. HIV is not spread through everyday contact. People with HIV are not dangerous to the people they live with at home or in the community and with whom they have ordinary, non-sexual contact. Certain precautions
In whose care and custody? Orphans of the HIV epidemic. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Clin Care. 1995 Oct;7(10):85, 88 concl. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700891; Levine C; Orphan Project: Families and Children in the HIV Epidemic, New; York, NY.; Skip generation parenting occurs in two directions: grandparents, who assume major burdens and primary caregiving responsibilities; and the younger adults, who may care for younger siblings or the ailing parents. These adolescents may benefit from learning to assume responsibility, acquiring coping skills, and develop
Laboratory methods for quantitating HIV RNA. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Clin Care. 1995 Nov;7(11):89-91, 93, 96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700892; Caliendo AM; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; MA.; High plasma HIV RNA levels have been shown to be a strong predictor of rapid progression to AIDS after HIV seroconversion. Recently, three quantitation assays that are less expensive, easier to perform, and more reproducible than older methods were introduced: 1) Amplicor HIV Monitor Test (Roche Molecular Systems); 2)
Abdominal pain in an HIV-infected man. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Clin Care. 1995 Nov;7(11):92, 96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700893; Reiter GS; River Valley HIV Clinic, Holyoke, MA.; A case is presented of a 34-year-old man with a 10-year history of HIV infection (CD4 counts 750-1100/mm3) who initially presented with upper right quadrant pain that was crampy, achy and periumbilical, not affected by food, and was indicative of early-stage acalculous cholecystitis. Over a three month period, tests f
Demographics of HIV survival revisited. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Clin Care. 1995 Nov;7(11):94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700894; Currier J; Fliesler N; HIV mortality among blacks, women, and injection drug users is disproportionately high in comparison to other HIV-infected populations. It has been noted that differential survival may be related to access to care. A team at Johns Hopkins followed 1,372 patients at a single urban HIV clinic over 1.6 years. During this
Court says AIDS is no reason for reduction in prisoner's sentence. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):1, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700895; Alan Lee Johnson, diagnosed with AIDS-related complex (ARC), sought a reduction in his eight-year prison sentence, contending that the length of the sentence amounted to a death sentence. District Judge Ronald E. Longstaff refused, stating that the medical evidence did not support Johnson s claim of extraordinary phys
New York to let mothers obtain results of infants' HIV tests. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):1, 8-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700896; In March of 1995, the Association to Benefit Children (ABC) filed suit to ask the Supreme Court of the State of New York to overturn the State s practice of testing newborns for HIV but not informing the mothers of the test results. This practice, known as blind screening, was initiated to assess the incidence and pre
Expert's ambivalence costs plaintiff her malpractice lawsuit. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700897; A Pennsylvania Court of Appeals found Dr. Gordon R. Eck innocent of malpractice in a case filed by the family of the late Helen M. Perpinka. Perpinka received HIV-contaminated blood transfusions following a mastectomy at Brandywine Hospital in Philadelphia, PA. She later died of AIDS-related complications. According t
Blind social worker not obligated to serve AIDS patient. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700898; In September of 1989, the North Carolina Department of Human Services Division of Services for the Blind dismissed a blind social worker, Thelma Lu Mendenhall, for insubordination. Mendenhall refused to train a sightless AIDS patient because she feared that she might contract HIV in the course of teaching grooming, co
Supreme Court denies appeal for hemophiliacs' class action. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700899; The U.S. Supreme Court has rejected a District judge s order allowing hemophiliacs to file a class action lawsuit against the pharmaceutical companies who supplied blood products contaminated with HIV. In March of 1995 the Seventh U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that creating such a large class of claimants was ta
Governor vetoes bill extending hemophiliacs' right to sue. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700900; New Jersey Governor Christine Whitman has vetoed portions of a bill that would have permitted hemophiliacs with AIDS to file injury lawsuits beyond the statute of limitations. Under the bill, passed by the New Jersey Legislature and vetoed by Whitman, hemophiliacs or their survivors would be allowed one year to sue ma
Firm squelched study showing risk of HIV in hemophilia drug. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700901; Armour Pharmaceutical Co., of Collegeville, PA, suppressed research showing that its heat-treating process did not effectively kill HIV. According to Canada s Commission of Inquiry on the Blood System, the heating process failed to destroy HIV in Factorate, Armour s blood-clotting medicine for hemophiliacs. According
Long-running HIV transfusion suit goes back to trial. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700902; The case of Juan and Maria Longoria, whose daughter died of AIDS-related complications four years after she received a blood transfusion, has been brought back to trial by the Texas Court of Appeals. In the wrongful-death lawsuit, the plaintiffs argued that United Blood Services (UBS) should have used surrogate testin
Policy would let group health insurers test applicants for HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700903; The New Jersey Insurance Department has proposed regulations that would allow health insurers to screen all applicants for HIV and reject those who either test positive or refuse to be tested. Current New Jersey law forbids HIV testing for individual health-insurance policies or by applicants who work for companies wi
Clinton plans conference to discuss AIDS epidemic. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700904; President Bill Clinton scheduled the White House Conference on HIV and AIDS in December 1995. The one-day meeting was organized to assemble experts from around the nation to discuss the status of the epidemic and consider strategies to deal with it. The meeting is also intended to raise public awareness to increase pr
Child molester gets new sentence after State breaks plea deal. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700905; In August of 1992, a child molester, Bobby Darren Abbott, agreed to a plea bargain rather than be tried on three counts of sexual assault. At the sentencing, hearing prosecutors requested that Abbott undergo HIV testing, with the results to be disclosed to the boy s parents. The circuit court judge imposed a five-year
Judge refuses to lift injunction against viatical service company. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700906; Federal Judge Royce C. Lamberth has decided to continue an injunction against Life Partners Inc., a Texas-based viatical company charged with violating Federal securities laws. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) alleged that Life Partners Inc. has structured viatical settlements so as to make them securities
Study: AIDS cases among newborns peaked in 1991. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700907; The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced the results of a study indicating that the national incidence of HIV among newborn babies is declining. Possible reasons for the decline include decreased fertility among HIV-positive women, an increased number of abortions, and a leveling off of HIV incid
Absence of HIV infection doesn't mean rape didn't happen. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700908; Jurors in Lewiston, ME convicted Charles Warren, who is HIV-positive, of gross sexual assault of a minor in June 1992. Warren was preparing to appeal the conviction when he learned that the victim had tested negative for HIV antibodies and that this information had been withheld from the jury. A Supreme Judicial Court
Ohio Health Department faces police probe, discrimination lawsuit. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700909; State police in Ohio are investigating allegations that the HIV unit of the Ohio Department of Health breached State confidentiality laws. In August of 1995 it was reported that a list containing the HIV status and sexual orientation of community volunteers was faxed to an AIDS organization. The HIV unit was disbanded
Dissenter offers guidance in sentencing pleas. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700910; Federal Appeals Judge William R. Wilson, Jr. of St. Louis, MI denied defendant Alan Lee Johnson a reduced sentence based on his HIV status. In the case of U.S. vs. Johnson, Judge Wilson ruled that the potential onset of AIDS is not sufficient grounds for granting a prisoner a reduced jail sentence. Judge Wilson offers
Sex workers. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700911; The King County Washington Council has approved the funding of an $80,000 HIV prevention program for prostitutes in the Seattle area. The HIV Prevention for Women in the Sex Industry program, administered by the People of Color with AIDS Network (PCAN), has been operating for four years. The government funding will no
Worried about AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700912; A 1995 survey of Californians, conducted by The Field Institute, revealed that state residents are more concerned about AIDS than any other issue. Ninety-three percent of the 1,008 California residents surveyed indicate that they are at least somewhat concerned; 76 percent were extremely concerned. Fear about AIDS ran
HIV in military. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Oct 20;10(19):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700913; The Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission ruled that a policy to refuse admittance to HIV-positive army recruits is unlawful. The Australian Army argued that the law allowed it to deny military employment to an HIV-positive individual, citing risk to that individual and his peers. Australia s Disa
Fate of Medicaid remains uncertain as showdown nears. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):1, 10-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700914; A Republican plan to renovate the Medicaid program has been proposed in Congress as one component of an overall budget reconciliation act. President Bill Clinton is expected to veto this proposal. The Republicans combined the budget reconciliation with an increase in the Federal debt ceiling. A showdown between Congre
Court says foster child may stay with HIV-positive mother. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):1, 6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700915; The Nebraska Court of Appeals has ruled to allow a child to remain in his foster home, even though his foster mother is HIV-positive. The Court found that the Department of Social Services must consider the best interests of the 4-year-old boy, John T., regardless of the fact that the foster mother initially attempted
Court upholds murder conviction of HIV-positive rapist. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700916; A Maryland Court of Special Appeals ruled in a 2-1 decision that a rapist who is HIV-positive could be found guilty of attempted murder. Inmate Dwight Ralph Smallwood tested positive for HIV and was counseled not to engage in unprotected sexual intercourse. Following his release, he and an accomplice forced a woman at
Court dismisses patients' claims against dentist with AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700917; Dentist Raymond P. Owens of Wilmington, DE, was diagnosed with HIV in March 1989 and continued to treat patients up until the time of his death in March 1991. The Delaware Division of Public Health then issued a general alert to Dr. Owens patients, asking them to seek HIV-antibody tests. None of the 630 patients who
Law wasn't broken if test was done by accident. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700918; A three-judge panel of the Ohio Court of Appeals dismissed the lawsuit of a man who sued a hospital for breach of confidentiality of his positive HIV status. The patient, John Doe, presented at an Ohio State University Hospital with severe pain and vomiting. He was referred back to his regular physician, Dr. Henry Wis
Calif. Governor vetoes bill to furnish clean drinking water. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700919; Several water suppliers in California have detected cryptosporidium, a parasite, in the drinking water. This parasite causes a variety of medical problems for normally healthy people, but can prove fatal to those with compromised immune systems, such as AIDS patients. California legislators adopted A.B. 590, a bill wh
Ohio Supreme Court denies prisoner's request for HIV tests. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700920; The Ohio Supreme Court has ruled that a prison inmate at the Mansfield Correctional Institution is not entitled to HIV-antibody testing because he did follow proper test-request procedures. Kavin L. Peeples was attacked and bloodied by a fellow prisoner who is HIV-positive. When prison officials rejected his request f
Gov. Wilson again vetoes medicinal use of marijuana. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700921; For the second consecutive year, Governor Pete Wilson of California has vetoed legislation that would allow the medical use of marijuana. Under this legislation, people with AIDS could have obtained and used marijuana to lessen wasting syndrome and the effects of antiviral drugs. With a physician s prescription, patie
Two national AIDS organizations plan to merge in January. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Policy Law. 1995 Nov 3;10(20):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700922; The National AIDS Fund and the National Leadership Coalition on AIDS plan to merge on January 1, 1996. The National AIDS Fund raises funds from corporations and foundations to support community-based prevention, education, and service programs. The National Leadership Coalition helps employers manage AIDS in the workp
Protease inhibitors and prevention of cross resistance. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 6;(no 232):1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700932; Levin J; A controversy has developed, initiated by a paper in the April 1995 issue of Nature, over the use of protease inhibitors among AIDS patients. The article, written by Jon Condra and Emilio Emini, reported that HIV developed resistance to
AZT delta study: major European/Australian study finds combinations better than AZT alone. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 6;(no 232):3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700933; King E; The findings from two clinical trials indicate that combination therapy is dramatically more effective that AZT monotherapy in prolonging life and inhibiting disease progression. The European-Australia
Los Angeles, New York, Stanford University: HBY 097, new drug may weaken HIV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 6;(no 232):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700934; A three-month human trial will be conducted in Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco, to test a new drug, HBY 097. In laboratory tests, HBY 097 has weakened HIV. Volunteers will begin a regimen of either HBY 097, AZT , or the combination. The study
California: marijuana compassionate use statewide initiative. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 6;(no 232):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700935; An initiative to legalize medical access to and use of marijuana was submitted to the California Attorney General. Supporters must collect 430,000 valid signatures to include the initiative on California s 1996 ballot. The initiative allows possession, personal use, and cultivation of marijuana for a specified group o
ICAAC's small advances. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 6;(no 232):5-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700936; Smith D; Research results reported at the Inter-Science Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) which may benefit both physicians and patients are summarized. Researchers from the University or Miami and the University of California in Los Angeles created a model of the blood-brain barrier and found conditi
AIDS information obstacles. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 6;(no 232):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700937; James JS; The dissemination of AIDS research and treatment information must be improved. The International Conference on AIDS in Yokohama provided a successful model of the use of HIVNet, an AIDS computer organization. Access to conference results were significantly enhanced when HIVNet placed transcripts of presentations onlin
Sleep disturbance and HIV disease. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Focus. 1995 Oct;10(11):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700956; Sciolla A; University of California San Diego, HIV Neurobehavioral Research; Center, San Diego, CA.; HIV-associated sleep disturbance may be easy to overlook, underdiagnose, and undertreat, due to the many medical and psychosocial problems faced by people with HIV disease. Identifying the cause of the disturbance and distinguishing between sleep disturbance and fatigue are critical for effective treatment. A thorough
Clearinghouse: HIV and sleep. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Focus. 1995 Oct;10(11):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700957; Articles, reviews and studies referring to investigations on sleep and HIV are listed in alphabetical order by author. A guide to sleep disorder clinics and professionals in the field of sleep disturbance is included.
Sleep disturbance in early HIV infection. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: Focus. 1995 Oct;10(11):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700958; Darko DF; Mitler MM; White JL; Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA.; Immune proteins may have a role in HIV-related sleep disturbance. Observations of two notable sleep changes, increase in slow wave sleep and the need for too much sleep, during early stage HIV infection prompted researchers to investigate the neurological changes occurring with sleep structure alterations. When psychi
Roaches of inner space. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):1, 14-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700968; Gilden D; Presentations on HIV- and AIDS-related research, delivered at the International Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) held in 1995, are addressed. Presentations concern the proliferation of the HIV virus and the problem of virus mutation and resulting resistance. The research emphasizes the conte
ACTG 175 and Delta. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):2-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700969; Torres G; Two studies in first-line treatments for HIV infection, ACTG 175 and Delta, are examined. The results were presented at the 1995 International Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC). ACTG 175 compared monotherapy with AZT or ddI,
Making sense of 175 and Delta. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700970; Smart T; Critical commentary is provided on the ACTG 175 and Delta study findings concerning first-line HIV treatment. The findings are viewed as largely irrelevant in that they come at a time when new and more potent drugs are being added to the therapeutic arsenal. The findings do not provide information on the optimal time
More clinical data on protease inhibitors. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):4-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700971; Smart T; Clinical information from Abbott Laboratories , Merck, Hoffman-LaRoche, and Agouron is provided on the following protease inhibitors :
Zinc fingers--the next antiviral target? Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700972; Smart T; According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), chains of amino acids, called zinc fingers, found in cellular proteins which bind to DNA or messenger RNA, may be the next target for antiviral drugs. HIV that lacks zinc fingers is unable to infect new cells and may not be able to mutate, thus affecting the viral life
Opportunistic infection highlights from the 35th ICAAC. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):8, 10-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700973; Torres G; HIV-related treatment and prevention strategies for opportunistic infections presented at the 1995 International Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) are highlighted. Research highlights include valaciclovir for CMV prophylaxis, oral ganci
New NCI director confronts troubled agency. National Cancer Institute. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700974; Link D; Dr. Richard Klausner, new director of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), takes over a troubled agency that has been accused of lackluster science, mismanagement, and no financial accountability. Additionally, NCI s AIDS research is accused of not being integrated with the overall national AIDS effort. The continuati
Cryptosporidiosis at ICAAC. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700975; Smart T; Research on cryptosporidiosis, presented at the 1995 International Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC), includes research into problems with tap water and new anti-cryptosporidiosis treatments. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) presents research findings on cryptosporidiosis
Candidiasis at ICAAC. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Oct;9(10):13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700976; Barr D; Smart T; Several presentations on oral candidiasis treatment made at the 1995 International Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) are highlighted. Areas discussed include the use of fluconazole, and a comparison of fluconazole to itraconazole. It was determined that itraconazole use resulted in the best s
New trials reach same conclusion: two drugs are better than AZT alone. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):133-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700978; Two large trials, ACTG 175 and Delta, are showing that long-term monotherapy for HIV infection is outdated. Long-term monotherapy with AZT , recommended since 1993, is no longer defensible. ACTG 175 confirms the emerging theme of other studies, suggest
Study results at a glance. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):134. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700979; Results from ACTG 175 and Delta are summarized in terms of results for patients with no prior AZT therapy and patients with prior AZT therapy. Combination therapies with ddI and ddC s
Expert panel to update 'obsolete' guidelines. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):136. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700980; The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) will convene an expert panel to review recommendations on antiretroviral therapy guidelines for AIDS. Two new studies, ACTG 175 and Delta, have contradicted the Concorde trial from which the current guidelines were developed. Although there is some disa
Mothers shown to transmit resistant strains to babies. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):137-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700981; Researchers have presented evidence on mother-to-child transmission of AZT-resistant HIV, raising questions about whether alternative preventive treatment is needed. Questions raised include whether HIV-positive pregnant women should be tested for AZT resistance, and if so, should they be offered alternate strategies
Researchers find new drugs to fight MAC. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):138-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700982; Studies have shown clarithromycin (Biaxin) and rifabutin to be effective against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), and to improve survivability. Abbott Laboratories is seeking approval from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) for clarithromyci
Ganciclovir studies leave clinicians confused. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):139-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700983; Questions are being raised about the efficacy of oral ganciclovir (Cytovene) in preventing cytomegalovirus ( CMV ), and the toxicity of valaciclovir, a derivative of acyclovir , when admin
Parents, students support school condom programs. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):141-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700984; Several New York City studies show that parents have slowly come to support condom availability programs in public high schools and that students are taking advantage of these programs. Other cities with high HIV prevalence are considering such programs. The program in New York requires each school to set up a health
Home HIV test proves reliable. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):143. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700985; A multi-site study involving 317 participants has found one of three available home HIV test kits to be reliable. The study found 85 percent of the samples submitted were adequate to provide a test result, and each of the tests was confirmed through independent laboratory tests. All three test kits are awaiting Food a
Lottery opens 2,000 slots for protease trial. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Alert. 1995 Nov;10(11):144. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700986; Hoffman-LaRoche has announced the opening of a second patient lottery for its Invirase International Compassionate Use Program. The lottery is for protocol SV14974, which is studying saquinavir treatment, both as a monotherapy and in combination with other antiretroviral drugs. I
Bartonella-associated infections in HIV-infected patients. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Clin Care. 1995 Dec;7(12):97-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96700996; Koehler JE; University of California San Francisco, Division of Infectious; Diseases, San Francisco, CA.; Two species of the gram-negative bacilli Bartonella, B. henselae and B. quintana, cause disease in HIV-infected patients. If untreated, infection can be fatal. Manifestations include bacillary angiomatosis (BA), bacillary peliosis hepatis (BP), bacteremia, or a combination of
Closing the circle on HIV--or not. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Oct;1(9):10-4, 17-29 contd. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701023; Mascolini M; Developments on antiretroviral therapies for HIV infection from the 1995 Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy are presented. Drug companies investigative results concerning their protease inhibitors are discussed, followed by reviews of the ACTG 175
Can the conundrums of ACTG 175 be solved? An interview with Martin S. Hirsch, MD. [interview] Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Oct;1(9):29-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701024; Hirsch MS; An interview with Martin S. Hirsch, planner of ACTG 175, is presented. Dr. Hirsch provides his thoughts on whether ddI monotherapy is as good as two-drug therapy; why the increase in CD4 cell counts with AZT monotherapy in treatment-naive people was l
Human papillomavirus infections. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Oct;1(9):32-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701025; Cockerell CJ; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.; Human papillomavirus infections are explored, starting with the incidence of the disease. Its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and histopathology are discussed. Laboratory findings and diagnosis are provided and treatment options are outlined.
Deadly reform: Congress moves to block Medicaid. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Oct;1(9):37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701026; Barnes M; AIDS Action Council, Washington, DC.; Comments are provided on the Congressional proposal that would abolish the existing Medicaid program, and with it any guarantees of basic medical care for this country s medically needy, including those with HIV disease. Although the Ryan White Act helps, it is actually Medicaid that most AIDS patients have to rely on
NYC managed care threatens women and children on Medicaid. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 1995 Oct;1(9):38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701027; Nary G; A New York study showed that Medicaid managed care plans are mostly deficient in providing HIV-infected women with access to experienced primary care professionals in HIV care. New York City has asked the Federal government to be allowed to push Medicaid patients and HIV-infected women and children into managed care p
FDA triple header. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Nov;9(11):1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701045; Smart T; The Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee s favorable decisions on 3TC , saquinavir, and d4T in treating advanced HIV disease is discussed, as are study data and resistance issues related
Ganciclovir approved to prevent CMV. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Nov;9(11):3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701046; Gilden D; Hoffman-LaRoche has received Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) approval to market the capsule form of ganciclovir for preventing CMV infection in people with advanced HIV disease. The issue of who should take oral ganciclovir a
Long-term follow-up of early AZT use. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Nov;9(11):4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701047; Torres G; An extended follow-up of four European/Australian randomized trials of AZT in asymptomatic HIV-positive patients revealed that there was no overall benefit in starting AZT monotherapy immediately versus waiting until symptoms appeared. These findings
BUCAST: another new antiviral. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Nov;9(11):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701048; Torres G; BUCAST is a butanoyl derivative of castanospermine, a naturally occurring plant alkaloid. BUCAST has been shown to make HIV less infectious and pathogenic by changing the sugar molecules of gp160. Test-tube experiments show BUCAST to have activity against both laboratory and clinical isolates of HIV and to be synergis
Hyperthermia study finds little effect. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Nov;9(11):5-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701049; Gilden D; Several foreign studies in hyperthermia treatment for HIV disease have had numerous claims of effectiveness. The IDT/HemoCleanse trial, a new double-heating study, has been implemented to determine the truth of these claims. After several study phases, no major or long-lasting clinical improvements were found. Researc
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in AIDS. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Nov;9(11):7-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701050; Majchrowicz M; Development of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) in people with AIDS is addressed, focusing on prevalence; symptoms; etiology; and current advances in treatment options. Diagnosis and treatment options in the case of primary central nervous system lymphoma are also discussed. It appears
Thalidomide's elusive access. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Nov;9(11):11-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701051; Gilden D; Renewed thalidomide availability has been hampered by protocol difficulties and the cost recovery provision through which Celgene , the manufacturer, is to charge for the drug. The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ), Celgene, and AIDS activists eli
Thalidomide and aphthous ulcers. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: GMHC Treat Issues. 1995 Nov;9(11):12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701052; Gilden D; ACTG 251, the clinical trial that evaluated thalidomide s efficacy against severe oral and esophageal ulcers, ended prematurely due to its obvious effectiveness as a treatment. All the oral ulcer participants will now receive open-label thalidomide in the maintenance phase of the study.
Viral load: new strategy trial in 15 U.S. cities. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 20;(no 233):1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701096; James JS; A new trial, CPCRA 036, is being developed to see if testing for plasma HIV RNA can help doctors make better treatment decisions for more provable benefits to patients. The study, being conducted in fifteen cities, will develop important information about how physicians are deciding when to switch antiretroviral thera
FDA antiviral advisory hearings on lamivudine (Epivir, 3TC), saquinavir (Invirase), stavudine (Zerit, d4T), November 6-8. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 20;(no 233):4-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701097; Three different drugs are being considered by the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee in November 1995. Public testimony is accepted. Testimony will be heard on November 6 for lamivudine, November 7 for saquinavir, and November 8 for
California: Governor vetoes cryptosporidium bill. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 20;(no 233):7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701098; James JS; California Governor Pete Wilson vetoed legislation which would have allowed bottled water or home-filtration systems to be a Medi-Cal benefit to those most in need of safe water, such as persons with immune deficiencies. He did so because he believes those unable to boil water for themselves would be eligible to recei
San Francisco area: testosterone replacement study, injection vs. patch. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Oct 20;(no 233):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701099; James JS; A 24-week San Francisco study will compare testosterone replacement via injection or patch versus placebo. Participants will be given 200 mg of testosterone enanthate every two weeks, or the patch (Testoderm) to wear on the scrotum. Study-required treatments and tests are free, except for an initial test of testostero
Thalidomide for wasting syndrome: progress toward compromise. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Nov 3;(no 234):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701100; James JS; Information on wasting syndrome in people with AIDS is provided and the thalidomide availability controversy is discussed. Controversy particularly stems from the issue that thalidomide has been linked to birth defects if taken by pregnant women. Other topics include the use of thalidomide for aphthous ulcers, Kaposi
NIH research evaluation: last meeting on clinical trials November 13, public comment allowed. National Institutes of Health. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Nov 3;(no 234):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701101; Protests about the secretive evaluative research by the Office of AIDS Research (OAR) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) AIDS research program are being heard. The public is invited to express their views at the November meeting of the Area Review Panel on Clinical Trials. Unfortunately, news of the meeting an
NIH role in clinical research. National Institutes of Health. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Nov 3;(no 234):6-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701102; James JS; Members of AIDS Treatment News have written a statement to the Office of AIDS Research (OAR) National Institutes of Health (NIH) AIDS Research Program Evaluation Working Group Area Review Panel on Clinical Trials. The message, to be submitted at the November meeting, states that NIH must be involved in at least the fo
Peptide T: negative trial result. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Nov 3;(no 234):8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701103; James JS; A placebo-controlled clinical trial studied the effects of peptide T on people with AIDS-related cognitive impairment. Results from 215 volunteers found no proof that peptide T was helpful for treating this condition, and that there was no toxicity from peptide T.
U.S./China AIDS research proposed. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Nov 17;(no 235):2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701104; James JS; A proposal for a joint U.S./Chinese San Francisco-based research collaboration on traditional Chinese medicine is getting increased professional and community support. Such cooperation is seen as important to AIDS research and treatment. Chinese medicine is largely unknown in the United St
Protease inhibitors: drug resistance and cross resistance overview. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Nov 17;(no 235):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701105; James JS; Viral resistance to protease inhibitors , particularly saquinavir, is a problem. The background of this resistance, what is known about it, and questions concerning saquinavir dosage and formulation are discussed. The current dosage regimen, approved by the Food and
Grapefruit juice and saquinavir. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Nov 17;(no 235):5-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701106; James JS; One problem with saquinavir is that it is poorly absorbed by the body because it is rapidly destroyed by cytochrome P456 3A4, a liver enzyme found in the intestinal wall. Studies show that properties in grapefruit juice inhibit this enzyme and increase saquinavir s efficiency. Published studies show similar results wi
FDA reform: new Senate bill. Food and Drug Administration. Clearinghouse, P.O. Box 6003, Rockville, MD 20849-6003. 800-458-5231 ext. 5714.: AIDS Treat News. 1995 Nov 17;(no 235):7-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AIDS/96701107; James JS; Senator Nancy Kassebaum is introducing a Senate bill, focusing on the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ), intended to reform the entire drug-development process. The main points of the 76-page draft are highlighted, including the FDA s mission for drug development, reporting procedure
Unrecognised HIV infection among gynaecology patients.: Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1996 May;103(5):470-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96216884; Olaitan A; Madge S; McCarthy KH; Phillips AN; Johnson MA; Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
Interleukin-10, interleukin-12, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha differentially influence the proliferation of human CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell clones.: Ann Hematol. 1996 Apr;72(4):245-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210974; van Bergen CA; Smit WM; van Sluijters DA; Rijnbeek M; Willemze R; Falkenburg JH; Department of Hematology, Leiden University Hospital, The; Netherlands.; Activation and proliferation of human T lymphocytes in vitro can be obtained by various stimuli including specific antigens, mitogens, and cytokines. Here we describe the effect of interleukin-10, interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on the interleukin-2 dependent proliferation and function of established hu
Clinical implication of the integration patterns of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I proviral DNA in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.: Leuk Lymphoma. 1996 Jan;20(3-4):207-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210700; Shimamoto Y; Kobayashi M; Miyamoto Y; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Japan.; In this review, we discuss the possible relationship between the clinical characteristics and the integration patterns of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA in patients with adult T-cell leukemia/ lymphoma (ATL). Some ATL patients show unusual integration patterns such as multiple or defectiv
Pulmonary involvement in lymphoma.: Leuk Lymphoma. 1996 Jan;20(3-4):229-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210703; Berkman N; Breuer R; Kramer MR; Polliack A; Institute of Pulmonology, Hadassah University Hospital & Hebrew; University-Hadassah Medical School Jerusalem, Israel.; Intrathoracic involvement is common in both Hodgkin s disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL). The most common manifestation is mediastinal lymphadenopathy. In HD, nodal involvement is by contiguity and usually involves the superior mediastinum, while the findings in NHL are
Complete nucleotide sequence of Ig V genes in three cases of Burkitt lymphoma associated with AIDS.: Leuk Lymphoma. 1996 Jan;20(3-4):281-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210710; Eclache V; Magnac C; Pritsch O; Delecluse HJ; Davi F; Raphael M; Dighiero G; Unite d'Immunohematologie et d'Immunopathologie, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.; To investigate the role of polyclonal stimulation and antigen driven selection in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related lymphomas, we studied the variable region nucleotide sequence of heavy (VH) and light (VL) chains expressed by 3 Burkitt lymphomas (BL) associated with HIV infection.
Epidemiology of periodontal diseases.: Curr Opin Periodontol. 1996;3:3-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96241514; Beck JD; Slade GD; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.; This review summarizes findings from 46 reports selected from over 130 epidemiologic studies published in 1993 and 1994. Recent findings from longitudinal studies are consistent with the concept that periodontal destruction proceeds in random bursts at specific sites and demonstrate that some individuals have an eleva
Estimation of oxytocin mRNA in the human paraventricular nucleus in AIDS by means of quantitative in situ hybridization.: Brain Res. 1995 Nov 27;700(1-2):107-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96192265; Guldenaar SE; Swabb DF; Graduate School of Neurosciences Amsterdam, Netherlands Institute; for Brain Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Recently, a 40% reduction in the total of oxytocin immunoreactive neurons of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in AIDS patients was reported. In the present study, we determined whether this decrease is associated with a diminished amount of oxytocin mRNA. We used in situ hybridization combined with dens
Examining the molecular genetics of HTLV-I with an infectious molecular clone of the virus and permissive cell culture systems.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96172061; Derse D; Mikovits J; Waters D; Brining S; Ruscetti F; Laboratory of Leukocyte Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA.; Infectious molecular clones of HTLV-I proviruses have only recently been reported. The long wait for such provirus clones reflects the difficulties inherent in propagating HTLV-I in vitro, and thus a rigorous demonstration of infectivity has awaited improved cell culture systems and sensitive detection techniques for
High levels of anti-HIV-1 envelope antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid as compared to serum from patients with AIDS dementia complex.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):19-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242959; Trujillo JR; Navia BA; Worth J; Lucey DR; McLane MF; Lee TH; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; The antibody response to the HIV-1 envelope protein has not been well characterized in patients with AIDS dementia complex (ADC). We evaluated the frequency of antibodies against the HIV-1 envelope in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from 21 persons with ADC and 10 symptom-free
The mutation frequency of feline immunodeficiency virus enhanced by 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):26-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242960; LaCasse RA; Remington KM; North TW; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula,; 59812, USA.; We have developed a host range system to measure the mutation frequency of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), the feline homologue of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). When wild-type FIV was grown in the presence of a known mutagen, 5-bromo-2 -deoxyuridine (BUdR), a dose-dependent increase of host range m
Use of a quantitative cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia test in evaluating HIV+ patients with and without CMV disease.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):33-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242961; Wetherill PE; Landry ML; Alcabes P; Friedland G; AIDS Program, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510-2483, USA.; Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection remains a life-threatening infection in patients with HIV disease. A rapid, quantitative diagnostic technique is needed to adi in the diagnosis of CMV disease. This study was undertaken to evaluate the CMV antigenemia test in pati
Patterns of opportunistic infections in patients with HIV infection.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):38-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242962; Finkelstein DM; Williams PL; Molenberghs G; Feinberg J; Powderly WG; Kahn J; Dolin R; Cotton D; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,; USA.; The pattern of the development of opportunistic infections (OIs) in HIV-infected patients was evaluated, based on a cohort of 1,530 patients enrolled in two AIDS Clinical Trials Group anti-retroviral studies. We quantified the increase in risk of OIs associated with the occurrence of a previous OI. This assessment was
Impact of missing data due to dropouts on estimates of the treatment effect in a randomized trial of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected individuals. Canadian HIV Trials Network A002 Study Group.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):46-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242963; Raboud JM; Montaner JS; Thorne A; Singer J; Schechter MT; Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British; Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.; PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of missing data due to nonrandom dropout on estimates of the effect of treatment on the CD4 count in a clinical trial of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infected individuals. METHODS: The effect of treatment on CD4 counts in a recent study of continued ZDV versus ddI in HIV-infected indi
Off-label drug use in human immunodeficiency virus disease.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):56-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242964; Brosgart CL; Mitchell T; Charlebois E; Coleman R; Mehalko S; Young J; Abrams DI; East Bay AIDS Center, Alta Bates Medical Center, Berkeley, CA,; USA.; We wished to determine the extent to which drugs used to treat HIV disease and its clinical manifestations are prescribed for conditions other than those listed on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration s approved drug label, how such off-label use varies by patient characteristics and type of HIV-related medical condi
Evolution of zidovudine resistance-associated genotypes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):6-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +; Cleland A; Watson HG; Robertson P; Ludlam CA; Brown AJ; Centre for HIV Research, ICAPB, University of Edinburgh,; Scotland.; Substantial differences have been described in the response of individual patients to zidovudine (ZDV) therapy, both in the clinical impact and in virus load. Genotypic changes associated with the appearance of drug resistance may also be different or occur at different rates. We have obtained the nucleotide sequence
Temporal and geographical trends of anti-HIV-1 antibodies screening among newborns in Italy, 1990-1993. Italian Collaborative Study Group for HIV Prevalence in Newborns.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):63-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242965; Ippolito G; Stegagno M; Girardi E; Costa F; Rava L; Aebischer ML; Guzzanti E; AIDS Center, L. Spallanzani Hospital for Infectious Diseases,; Rome, Italy.; To describe the dynamic of HIV-1 prevalence in Italian childbearing women and to estimate the future incidence of pediatric AIDS due to vertical transmission, dried-blood specimens collected from a consecutive sample of newborns in all Italian regions were examined for the presence of anti-HIV-1 antibodies (HIV-Ab) af
Opportunities for targeting publicly funded human immunodeficiency virus counseling and testing.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):69-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242966; Peterman TA; Todd KA; Mupanduki I; Division of STD/HIV Prevention, National Center for Prevention; Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta,; Georgia, 30333, USA.; We wished to identify opportunities for improving the yield of positive HIV test results from federally funded HIV counseling and testing programs. We reviewed client records from 1992 and 1993 for targeting opportunities at the site level based on site type (i.e., family planning clinic) and the seropositivity in the
Micronutrient profiles in HIV-1-infected heterosexual adults.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):75-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242967; Skurnick JH; Bogden JD; Baker H; Kemp FW; Sheffet A; Quattrone G; Louria DB; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, UMDNJ-New; Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103-2714, USA.; There is compelling evidence that micronutrients can profoundly affect immunity. We surveyed vitamin supplement use and circulating concentrations of 22 nutrients and glutathione in 64 HIV-1 seropositive men and women and 33 seronegative controls participating in a study of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission. We assayed
HIV and infections of similar transmission patterns in a drug injectors community of Santos, Brazil.: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):84-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242968; de Carvalho HB; Mesquita F; Massad E; Bueno RC; Lopes GT; Ruiz MA; Burattini MN; NUPAIDS (Nucleo de Pesquisa em AIDS da USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.; To study the prevalence of HIV and infections with related transmission patterns, we interviewed and obtained blood samples from 220 injecting drug users (IDUs), sampled by snowballing, from the city of Santos in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil , where the estimated number of IDUs (1
Campylobacter spp. bacteremia in AIDS patients [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):93-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242969; Pigrau C; Almirante B; Pahissa A; Bartolome R
IL-6 and b-FGF overproductions precede development of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):95-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242970; Lafeuillade A; Kaplanski G; Allegre T; de Jaureguiberry JP
Prevalence of and risk factors for HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection among patients at a hospital in the South Bronx, New York [letter]: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 May 1;12(1):97-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96242971; Factor SH; Irwin KL; Lal RB; Rudolph D; Weber TJ; Olivo N; Ernst J
An altered position of the alpha 2 helix of MHC class I is revealed by the crystal structure of HLA-B*3501.: Immunity. 1996 Mar;4(3):203-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PDB; Smith KJ; Reid SW; Stuart DI; McMichael AJ; Jones EY; Bell JI; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Molecular; Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; The crystal structure of the human major histocompatibility complex class I B allele HLA B*3501 complexed with the 8-mer peptide epitope HIV1 Nef 75-82 (VPLRPMTY) has been determined at 2.0 angstrom resolution. Comparison with the crystal structure of the closely related allele HLA B*5301 reveals the structural basis
Bound water structure and polymorphic amino acids act together to allow the binding of different peptides to MHC class I HLA-B53.: Immunity. 1996 Mar;4(3):215-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PDB; Smith KJ; Reid SW; Harlos K; McMichael AJ; Stuart DI; Bell JI; Jones EY; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Molecular; Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.; The structure of the human MHC class I molecule HLA-B53 complexed to two nonameric peptide epitopes (from the malaria parasite P. falciparum and the HIV2 gag protein) has been determined by X-ray crystallography at 2.3 angstrom resolution. The structures reveal the architecture of a Pro-specific B pocket common to man
Protective role of CD40 in Leishmania major infection at two distinct phases of cell-mediated immunity.: Immunity. 1996 Mar;4(3):275-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209677; Kamanaka M; Yu P; Yasui T; Yoshida K; Kawabe T; Horii T; Kishimoto T; Kikutani H; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Research Institute; for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan.; CD40-deficient mice are susceptible to Leishmania major infection while their wild-type littermates can resolve the infection. Upon stimulation with L. major antigens, draining lymph node T cells of the mutant mice and the susceptible mice, BALB/c, secrete comparable amounts of IL-4. The mutant mice produce less IFN g
CD40 ligand is required for protective cell-mediated immunity to Leishmania major.: Immunity. 1996 Mar;4(3):283-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209678; Campbell KA; Ovendale PJ; Kennedy MK; Fanslow WC; Reed SG; Maliszewski CR; Department of Cellular Immunology, Immunex Corporation, Seattle,; Washington 98101, USA.; The CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) signaling process is a pivotal component of multiple immunoregulatory pathways. Although the role that CD40L plays in humoral immune responses is fairly well defined, its function(s) in cell-mediated responses in vivo has not been established. We investigated this issue by assessing the co
Stat6 is required for mediating responses to IL-4 and for development of Th2 cells.: Immunity. 1996 Mar;4(3):313-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209681; Kaplan MH; Schindler U; Smiley ST; Grusby MJ; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; Interleukin-4 (IL-4) stimulation of cells leads to the activation of multiple signaling pathways, one of which involves Stat6. We have generated Stat6-deficient mice by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells to determine the role of this transcription factor in mediating the biologic functions of IL-4. IL-4-induced in
Prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in Newfoundland.: Can Med Assoc J. 1996 Apr 1;154(7):1027-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96220057; Ratnam S; Hogan K; Hankins C; Newfoundland Public Health Laboratory, Leonard A. Miller Centre; for Health Services, St. John's, NF, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in Newfoundland. DESIGN: Anonymous unlinked seroprevalence study. SETTING: Newfoundland. PATIENTS: A total of 14911 women receiving prenatal care or undergoing an abortion, representing nearly all pregnancies in Newfoundland from Nov. 1, 1991
Management of primary central nervous system lymphoma for the patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Confronting a clinical catch-22 [editorial; comment]: Cancer. 1995 Jul 15;76(2):163-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223010; Corn BW; Trock BJ; Curran WJ Jr
Impaired cell-mediated immunity of apparently normal patients who had multiple skin cancers.: Cancer. 1995 Jul 15;76(2):228-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223019; Czarnecki D; Zalcberg J; Kulinskaya E; Kay T; Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia.; BACKGROUND. Investigations of the immune status of patients with skin cancer have had conflicting results, possibly because uniform groups of patients were not studied. Patients who had multiple skin cancers (three or more) were studied to determine whether they had impaired cell-mediated immunity (CMI). METHODS. Thir
Additional experience with empiric radiotherapy for presumed human immunodeficiency virus-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma [see comments]: Cancer. 1995 Jul 15;76(2):328-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223033; Donahue BR; Sullivan JW; Cooper JS; Division of Radiation Oncology, New York University Medical; Center, New York 10016, USA.; BACKGROUND. In light of the steadily improving capability to treat opportunistic infections, the authors reviewed their recent experience with short course empiric radiotherapy for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated presumed central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. METHODS. Medical records we
Nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue masses in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 [letter]: Cancer. 1995 Aug 1;76(3):527-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223060; Carbone A; Gloghini A; Vaccher E; Barzan L; Tirelli U
Ondansetron versus granisetron in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting [letter]: Cancer. 1995 Aug 1;76(3):535-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96223065; Fedele P; Spina M; Valentini M; Collini D; Lucia C; Manicone M; Tirelli U
Wild type p53 reduces the size of tumors caused by bovine leukemia virus-infected cells.: Cancer Lett. 1996 Mar 19;101(1):115-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202645; Dees C; Godfrey VL; Schultz RD; Travis CC; Molecular Toxicology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak; Ridge, TN 37831-6109, USA.; Bat lung (BAT(2)CL6) cells infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) cause malignant tumors in nude mice that after 6 weeks subcutaneous growth, have an average volume of 0.3m(3). Uninfected bat lung cells (Tb 1 Lu) produce small benign neoplasms that average 0.003 cm(3). BAT(2)CL6 cells were transfected in vitro with
Possible roles of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens.: Cancer Res. 1996 May 15;56(10):2237-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96200298; Fukuda M; The Glycobiology Program, La Jolla Cancer Research Center, The; Burnham Institute, California 92037, USA.; Recent progress in the studies on the roles of carbohydrates has brought about critical discoveries, which allow us to have working hypotheses for understanding the roles of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens. In this report, I focus my description on three different aspects of this progress. I discuss: (a) the im
Disregulation in TH1 and TH2 subsets of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients and involvement in cancer establishment and progression.: Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1996 Jan;42(1):1-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96197364; Pellegrini P; Berghella AM; Del Beato T; Cicia S; Adorno D; Casciani CU; CNR Institute of Tissue Typing and Dialysis, L'Aquila, Italy.; Recent theories have established that, during an ongoing immune response, the lymphokines produced by TH1 and TH2 subsets of CD4+ T cells are critical to the effectiveness of that response. In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that the type of environmental cytokines plays a determinant role in directing the
Inhibitory effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced tumor promotion in mouse skin and the synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein in HeLa cells.: Carcinogenesis. 1996 Apr;17(4):761-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96202082; Huang MT; Ma W; Yen P; Xie JG; Han J; Frenkel K; Grunberger D; Conney AH; Department of Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers,; State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08855-0789, USA.; Topical application of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a constituent of the propolis of honeybee hives, to the backs of CD-1 mice previously initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenz{a}anthracene (DMBA) inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced tumor promotion and the formation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2 -deo
Dynamics of HIV-1 replication following influenza vaccination of HIV+ individuals.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 May;104(2):203-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215385; Rosok B; Voltersvik P; Bjerknes R; Axelsson M; Haaheim LR; Asjo B; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Gade Institute,; University of Bergen, Norway.; Levels of HIV-1 have been reported to increase in peripheral blood after influenza vaccination of HIV+ individuals. In this study we have evaluated the dynamics of these changes. Ten HIV-1+ individuals classified in revised CDC clinical categories B and C as well as five seronegative healthy controls were vaccinated w
Intravenous immune globulin affects cytokine production in T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 May;104 Suppl 1:10-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215413; Andersson J; Skansen-Saphir U; Sparrelid E; Andersson U; Department of Immunology, Arrheniuslaboratories for Natural; Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden.; Immune globulin for intravenous use (IVIG) has been used in many inflammatory conditions due to its immunomodulatory potential. The effector mechanisms are incompletely understood. This study dealt with the effects of IVIG on cytokine production in vitro. Cytokine synthesis was identified at the single-cell level usin
Parvovirus infection and its treatment.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 May;104 Suppl 1:26-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215415; Young NS; Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; B19 parvovirus is an important pathogen in man. Acute infection produces fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) in normal individuals, transient aplastic crisis in the patient with haemolysis, and pure red cell aplasia in the immunologically incompetent host. Fetal infection can lead to hydrops fetalis. The target cell
Infectious risk of plasma donations: relationship to safety of intravenous immune globulins.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 May;104 Suppl 1:31-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215416; Dodd RY; American Red Cross, Holland Laboratory, Rockville, MD 20855, USA.; Although intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) preparations may be derived from tens of thousands of donations, the residual risk of viral contamination of recovered plasma appears remarkably low, at least for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Consequently, most pools are unlikely to contain
The viral safety of intravenous immune globulin.: Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 May;104 Suppl 1:35-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215417; Yap PL; Edinburgh & S.E. Scotland Blood Transfusion Service, UK.; The viral safety of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) preparations has been investigated since 1983 when it was discovered that non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) could be transmitted by an experimental IVIG preparation. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the virus causing NANBH is the hepatitis C virus (HCV). A num
Cultured Kaposi's sarcoma tumor cells fail to stimulate T cell proliferation.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 Feb;78(2):172-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195160; Foreman KE; Trinh D; Nestle FO; Mitra RS; Nickoloff BJ; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; 48109-0602, USA.; Prior to the AIDS epidemic, Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) was a rare neoplasm. However, in the context of immunosuppression, cutaneous KS lesions more frequently develop and express various surface molecules recognized by T cells such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1; CD54) and HLA-DR. The KS tumor cells are thoug
CD8 T-cells are not essential for the induction of low-dose oral tolerance.: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 Feb;78(2):196-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96195163; Vistica BP; Chanaud NP 3rd; Felix N; Caspi RR; Rizzo LV; Nussenblatt RB; Gery I; Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.; To examine whether CD8 T-cells are essential for the induction of low-dose oral tolerance, we tested animals deficient in CD8 T-cells, i.e., Lewis rats in which CD8 cells were eliminated by injections of specific antibodies and beta 2m(-/-) mice in which the CD8 cells are scarce and poorly functional. Oral tolerance w
Mexican-American and Anglo-American children's responsiveness to a theory-centered AIDS education program.: Child Dev. 1996 Apr;67(2):253-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96209260; Sigelman C; Derenowski E; Woods T; Mukai T; Alfeld-Liro C; Durazo O; Maddock A; Department of Psychology, George Washington University,; Washington, DC 20052, USA. carol@gwis2.circ.gwu.edu; Third, fifth, and seventh graders, most of them Mexican-American, were exposed to an empirically based and culturally sensitive AIDS curriculum designed to replace their intuitive theories with a coherent, scientific account of the causal processes that lead from risk behavior to AIDS symptomatology. Compared to stude
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS in east Africa: challenges and possibilities for prevention and control.: East Afr Med J. 1996 Jan;73(1):13-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210773; Mhalu FS; Lyamuya E; Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Muhimbili University; College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.; Human immunodeficiency infection and AIDS are a major recent microbial infection in east Africa with serious health and socioeconomic impacts in the region. At present HIV infection and AIDS account for more than 50% of adult medical admissions into some of the national and provincial hospitals as well as for 10-15% o
Human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS in Uganda.: East Afr Med J. 1996 Jan;73(1):20-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210774; Mugerwa RD; Marum LH; Serwadda D; Department of Medicine, Makerere University Medical School,; Kampala, Uganda.; HIV-1 infection, initially described as slim disease, was first recognized in Uganda in 1982, and is now a predominant health problem. Approximately 1.5 million Ugandans are now infected, largely through heterosexual transmission. In many areas half of adult deaths are now caused b
Chimeric synthetic peptides as antigens for detection of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2.: East Afr Med J. 1996 Jan;73(1):63-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210784; Shah K; Davis C; Wilson J; Parekh B; Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University,; Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA.; Two chimeric peptides incorporating immunodominant sequences from both HIV-1 (LGIWGCSGKLICTT) and HIV-2 (LNSWGCAFRQVCHT) were synthesized. Peptides KS1-KS2 and KS2-KS1 represented sequences from the two viruses in both possible orders, separated by two glycine residues as spacers. These peptides were evaluated as anti
Microsporidium in AIDS patients: a perspective.: East Afr Med J. 1996 Jan;73(1):72-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210786; Chukwuma C Sr; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care,; University of Helsinki, Finland.; Microsporidia are ubiquitous, obligate intracellular protozoan parasites increasingly detected as opportunistic pathogens in AIDS patients. These parasites have been associated with chronic diarrhoea, hepatitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, enteritis, keratoconjunctivitis, and peritonitis in either homosexuals or hetero
Time course analysis of alpha+ beta+ T cell clones during normal pregnancy.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Apr;26(4):834-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210137; Hoger TA; Tokuyama M; Yonamine K; Hayashi K; Masuko-Hongo K; Kato T; Kobata T; Mizushima Y; Nishioka K; Yamamoto K; Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University, Kawasaki,; Japan.; During normal pregnancy, the fetus continues to mature inside the uterus without rejection. Inherited paternal antigens could be targeted by the maternal immune system. These reactions are believed to play a role in a number of habitual abortions. However, the precise maternal mechanisms preventing fetal tissue reject
Permissive recognition during positive selection.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Apr;26(4):851-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210140; Pawlowski TJ; Singleton MD; Loh DY; Berg R; Staerz UD; Department of Medicine, National Jewish Center of Immunology and; Respiratory Medicine, Denver, CO 80206, USA.; In the periphery alpha beta T lymphocytes recognize antigens in conjunction with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. In the thymus immature T cells are positively selected on MHC molecules in the apparent absence of cognate peptides. Thus, at different developmental stages a T cell responds to different
Evidence that induction of tolerance in vivo involves active signaling via a B7 ligand-dependent mechanism: CTLA4-Ig protects V beta 8+ T cells from tolerance induction by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Apr;26(4):858-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210141; Lane P; Haller C; McConnell F; Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.; Co-stimulation through CD28 is thought to be necessary for the activation of unprimed CD4+ T cells, which are otherwise rendered tolerant. However, we previously found that CD4+ T cell priming was normal or augmented in mice which overexpressed a soluble form of CTLA4 where co-stimulation through CD28 was abrogated. T
Distribution of alpha 4 beta 7 and alpha E beta 7 integrins on thymocytes, intestinal epithelial lymphocytes and peripheral lymphocytes.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Apr;26(4):897-905. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210148; Andrew DP; Rott LS; Kilshaw PJ; Butcher EC; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, USA.; Beta 7 is expressed on subsets of thymocytes, while T and B lymphocytes show heterogeneous expression of beta 7. Here, we examine the phenotype of the thymocyte and lymphocyte subsets which express alpha 4 beta 7 and alpha E beta 7 using mAb against alpha E, beta 7 and mAb DATK32 which recognizes a combinatiorial epit
The expansion and selection of T cell receptor alpha beta intestinal intraepithelial T cell clones.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Apr;26(4):914-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210150; Regnault A; Levraud JP; Lim A; Six A; Moreau C; Cumano A; Kourilsky P; Unite de Biologie Moleculaire du gene-U.277 INSERM, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.; In conventional mice, the T cell receptor (TCR) alpha beta+ CD8 alpha alpha+ and CD8 alpha beta+ subsets of the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) constitute two subpopulations. Each comprise a few hundred clones expressing apparently random receptor repertoires which are different in individual genetically
T lymphocytes from the normal human peritoneum contain high frequencies of Th2-type CD8+ T cells.: Eur J Immunol. 1996 Apr;26(4):957-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96210158; Birkhofer A; Rehbock J; Fricke H; Department of Medicine, University of Munich, Germany.; The majority of peritoneal T lymphocytes have been shown to be CD8+ and to co-express CDw60. Expression of CDw60 characterizes CD8 T cells capable of secreting interleukin (IL)-4 and supporting IgG production by B cells. We analyzed at the clonal level the functional cytokine profile of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the nor
HIV-related primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the vulva.: Gynecol Oncol. 1996 Apr;61(1):131-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96177925; Kaplan EJ; Chadburn A; Caputo TA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The New York Hospital-Cornell; Medical Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.; We reported on a 25-year-old HIV-positive woman diagnosed with Ann Arbor Stage IEB primary extranodal immunoblastic lymphoma arising in the vulva. This is the first documented instance of an HIV-associated malignant lymphoma originating in the lower female genital tract, and only the 16th reported case of primary mali
Anticipatory grief and AIDS: strategies for intervening with caregivers.: Health Soc Work. 1996 Feb;21(1):49-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211914; Walker RJ; Pomeroy EC; McNeil JS; Franklin C; College of Social Work, University of Kentucky, Lexington; 40506-0027, USA.; Anticipatory grief may have beneficial effects for caregivers of people with HIV infection or AIDS. However, the duration of the illness and the stigmatization and multiple losses associated with the disease may impede the caregiver s ability to effectively engage in the grief process. This article discusses the impac
The challenge of HIV prevention among high-risk adolescents.: Health Soc Work. 1996 Feb;21(1):58-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96211915; Sullivan TR; School of Social Work, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.; This article reports findings from an exploratory study of HIV knowledge and risk behaviors among 60 teenagers and young men engaged in the street life of Hollywood, California. The sample was composed largely of youths of homosexual or bisexual orientation who were substance abusers, prostitutes, or both. The data su
Quinoxapeptins: novel chromodepsipeptide inhibitors of HIV-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptase. I. The producing organism and biological activity.: J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1996 Mar;49(3):253-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96205404; Lingham RB; Hsu AH; O'Brien JA; Sigmund JM; Sanchez M; Gagliardi MM; Heimbuch BK; Genilloud O; Martin I; Diez MT; Hirsch CF; Zink DL; Liesch JM; Koch GE; Gartner SE; Garrity GM; Tsou NN; Salituro GM; Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, U.S.A.; Quinoxapeptin A and B are novel chromodepsipeptides which were isolated from a nocardioform actinomycete with indeterminant morphology. Quinoxapeptins A and B are potent inhibitors of HIV-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptase and almost equally active against two single mutants forms as well as a double mutant form of HIV
Azole drug resistance in yeasts.: J Antimicrob Chemother. 1995 Nov;36(5):751-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96227080; Johnson EM; Warnock DW; PHLS Mycology Reference Laboratory, Public Health Laboratory,; Bristol, UK.
Developmental expression of a tandemly repeated, proline-and glutamine-rich amino acid motif on hyphal surfaces on Candida albicans.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 15;271(11):6298-305. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/O29369; Staab JF; Ferrer CA; Sundstrom P; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Ohio State; University College of Medicine, Columbus, 43210-1239, USA.; cDNA sequences encoding a cell wall protein have been isolated from the opportunistic pathogen, Candida albicans, an organism that can cause serious disease in immunocompromised patients such as those with AIDS. The cDNA encodes a peptide that is largely composed of an acidic, repeated motif 10 amino acids in length t
Physical and functional interaction of Nef with Lck. HIV-1 Nef-induced T-cell signaling defects.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 15;271(11):6333-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96198096; Collette Y; Dutartre H; Benziane A; Romas-Morales; Benarous R; Harris M; Olive D; INSERM U119, Marseille, France.; The nef gene is unique to the primate lentiviruses and encodes a cytoplasmic membrane-associated protein that affects T-cell signaling and is essential for both maintenance of a high virus load in vivo and for disease progression. Here we investigated the perturbation of cell signaling by Nef in T-cells and found that
Cellular phosphorylation of anti-HIV nucleosides. Role of nucleoside diphosphate kinase.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 5;271(14):7887-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215171; Bourdais J; Biondi R; Sarfati S; Guerreiro C; Lascu I; Janin J; Veron M; Unite de Regulation Enzymatique des Activites Cellulaires,; Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.; Nucleotide analogs are widely used in antiviral therapy and particularly against AIDS. Delivered to the cell as nucleosides, they are phosphorylated into their active triphospho derivative form by cellular kinases from the host. The last step in this series of phosphorylations is performed by nucleoside diphosphate (N
Structure and polymorphism of HIV-1 third variable loops.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 5;271(14):8236-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215224; Catasti P; Bradbury EM; Gupta G; Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, T-10, M/S K710 and the; Life Science Division, M/S M881, Los Alamos National Laboratory,; Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.; The third variable (V3) loop of HIV-1 surface glycoprotein, gp120, has been the target of neutralizing antibodies. However, sequence variation inside the V3 loop diminishes its effectiveness as a potential vaccine against HIV-1. The elusive nature of the V3 loop structure prompted us to carry out a systematic study on
Nuclear appearance of a factor that binds the CD28 response element within the interleukin-2 enhancer correlates with interleukin-2 production.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 5;271(14):8321-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215235; Civil A; Bakker A; Rensink I; Doerre S; Aarden LA; Verweij CL; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Amsterdam, 1066 CX; The Netherlands.; Activation of T lymphocytes requires the combined signaling of the T cell receptor and costimulatory molecules such as CD28. The ability of T cells to produce interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) is a critical control point in T lymphocyte activation. The IL-2 enhancer contains a func
A nuclear envelope-associated kinase phosphorylates arginine-serine motifs and modulates interactions between the lamin B receptor and other nuclear proteins.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 5;271(14):8365-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215241; Nikolakaki E; Simos G; Georgatos SD; Giannakouros T; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, The; Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54006 Thessaloniki,; Greece.; Previous studies have identified a subassembly of nuclear envelope proteins, termed the LBR complex. This complex includes the lamin B receptor protein (LBR or p58), a kinase which phosphorylates LBR in a constitutive fashion (LBR kinase), the nuclear lamins A and B, an 18-kDa polypeptide (p18), and a 34-kDa protein (
In vitro interaction between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev protein and splicing factor ASF/SF2-associated protein, p32.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 26;271(17):10066-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215294; Tange TO; Jensen TH; Kjems J; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, C. F.; Mollers Alle, Building 130, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.; Continuous replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 requires the expression of the regulatory protein Rev, which binds to the Rev response element (RRE) and up-regulates the cytoplasmic appearance of singly spliced and unspliced mRNA species. It has been demonstrated that the murine protein YL2 interacts wit
Phosphorylation of Vif and its role in HIV-1 replication.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 26;271(17):10121-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215302; Yang X; Goncalves J; Gabuzda D; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and; the Departments of Pathology and Neurology, Harvard Medical; School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.; Vif is a 23-kDa protein encoded by human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) which is important for virion infectivity. Here, we describe the phosphorylation of HIV-1 Vif and its role in HIV-1 replication. In vivo studies demonstrated that Vif is highly phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues. To identify p
Alternate strand DNA triple helix-mediated inhibition of HIV-1 U5 long terminal repeat integration in vitro.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 26;271(17):10359-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215338; Bouziane M; Cherny DI; Mouscadet JF; Auclair C; Laboratoire de Physicochimie et Pharmacologie des Macromolecules; Biologiques CNRS URA 147, Institut Gustave Roussy, Rue Camille; Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France.; Integration of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA into the host genome is an obligatory process in the replicative life cycle of the virus. This event is mediated in vitro by integrase, a viral protein which binds to specific sequences located on both extremities of the DNA long terminal repeats (LTRs). These
Visualizing a specific contact in the HIV-1 Tat protein fragment and trans-activation responsive region RNA complex by photocross-linking.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 26;271(17):10391-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215343; Liu Y; Wang Z; Rana TM; Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical; School-University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey,; Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.; Replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires specific interactions of Tat protein with the trans-activation responsive region (TAR) RNA, a stem-loop structure containing two helical stem regions separated by a trinucleotide bulge. The Tat protein contains a basic RNA-binding region (amino acids
Synergistic activation of transcription by the mutant and wild-type minimal transcriptional activation domain of VP16.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 26;271(17):9911-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96215270; Ghosh S; Toth C; Peterlin BM; Seto E; Center for Molecular Medicine and Institute of Biotechnology,; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio,; 78245-3207, USA.; VP16 activates transcription by stimulating initiation, and for this function the aromatic residue at position 442 within its activation domain is critical. Recent studies have suggested that VP16 also stimulates transcriptional elongation. It has been shown that VP16 can activate transcription tethered downstream of
Identification of a group of cellular cofactors that stimulate the binding of RNA polymerase II and TRP-185 to human immunodeficiency virus 1 TAR RNA.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Feb 23;271(8):4201-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U38846; Wu-Baer F; Lane WS; Gaynor RB; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas, 75235-8594, USA.; A double-stranded RNA structure transcribed from the HIV-1 long terminal repeat known as TAR is critical for increasing gene expression in response to the transactivator protein Tat. Two cellular factors, RNA polymerase II and TRP-185, bind specifically to TAR RNA, but require the presence of cellular proteins known a
A transient precursor of the HIV-1 protease. Isolation, characterization, and kinetics of maturation.: J Biol Chem. 1996 Feb 23;271(8):4477-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96224033; Wondrak EM; Nashed NT; Haber MT; Jerina DM; Louis JM; Molecular Mechanisms of Development Section, Laboratory of; Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.; Recently, the mechanism of autoprocessing of the protease (PR) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from the model polyp