Oakland, CA : Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, 1994 1 videocassette (53 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in (Medicine in the nineties) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9439836
Pei-ching : Pei-ching i k'o ta hsueh, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh lien ho ch'u pan she, 1992 602 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9501494
Washington, DC : AIDS Policy Center of the Intergovernmental Health Policy Project at the George Washington University, [1993- v Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9438477
Manila : Printed and distributed by the Regional Office for the Western Pacific of the World Health Organization, [1993] 33 p (Report series ; no. RS/92/GE/23(NEZ)) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9410448
Tokyo : Institute of Population Problems, Ministry of Health and Welfare, [1994] 15 p. : ill (Working paper series ; no. 20) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9502007
Molecular Biology of Hematopoiesis, 8th Symposium. July 9-13, 1993, Basel, Switzerland, p. 94, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95699369
Arai K; Watanabe S; Muto A; Sato N; Kinoshita T; Chen JX; Kurata H; Kosugi H; Nakagawa Y; Koyano-Nakagawa N; et al; Inst. of Medical Science, Univ. of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
GM-CSF induces activation of early response genes, protein tyrosine phosphorylation and proliferation of hematopoietic cells. The hGMR reconstituted by transfecting cDNAs encoding alpha and beta chains is functional in NIH3T3 cells, indicating that molecule(s) such as tyrosine kinase unique to hematopoietic cells is n
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2008 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95603694
Zalkow LH; Burgess EM; Gruszecka-Kowalik E; Asibal CF; Qazi SN; Lu H; Haugwitz RD; Georgia Inst. Tech., Atlanta, GA 30332
To facilitate the lead-optimization of anti-HIV active azostilbenes, we have developed a QSAR method that correlates chemical structures in a congeneric set with in vitro anti-HIV activities as defined by their EC50s. Congeners are mapped and ranked on the basis of their electron density distribution as specified by t
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2197 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95603883
Weinstein JN; Myers T; Raghavan K; Buolamwini J; Anderson NL; Kohn KW; Scudiero DA; Monks AP; Zaharevitz D; Rubinstein LV; et al; Developmental Therapeutics Program, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892
The NCI Developmental Therapeutics Program screens more than 10,000 compounds a year against a panel of 60 human cancer cell lines in vitro. A compound s signature pattern of relative potency against the various cell lines contains unexpectedly rich information about its mechanisms of action at the molecular level (
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2198 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95603884
Grever MR; Giavazzi R; Anver M; Hollingshead MG; Mayo JG; Malspeis L; Developmental Therapeutics Program, Bethesda, MD 20892
A Burkitt s lymphoma cell line (AS-283), derived from a 23 year-old male AIDS patient, has been established as a xenograft in mice. The cells are positive for Epstein-Barr virus and negative for the HIV genome. These cells were administered to SCID, NIH-III (bg/nu/xid) and athymic (nu/nu) mice by the intraperitoneal,
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2418 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604103
Hodes L; Johnson J; Schultz RJ; Narayanan VL; Drug Synthesis and Chemistry Branch, Developmental Therapeutics; Program, Division of Cancer Treatment, NCI, EPN/831, Bethesda, MD; 20892
We utilize multiple approaches to maximize the novelty and structural diversity of the large number of compounds that we input annually for anticancer and anti-HIV screening since these are important determinants of new lead generation. To assess the overall structural diversity of these compounds, we have developed a
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2419 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604104
Schultz RJ; Hodes L; Narayanan VL; Drug Synthesis and Chemistry Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892
We utilize multiple approaches to select a large number of compounds (10,000 annually) for anticancer and anti-HIV screening to enhance structural diversity and novelty since these are important determinants of new lead generation. Structures, after eliminating duplicates (15%), are selected on the basis of a computer
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2449 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604134
Matsuno T; Dept. of Virus Res. and Vaccine Control, Natl. Inst. of Health,; Musashinurayama, Tokyo 208, Japan
The honeybee hive product, propolis, is a folk medicine employed for treating various ailments. It is alleged to exhibit a broad spectrum of activities including antibiotic, anti-inflammation, antioxidant and tumor growth arrest. We have isolated a new clerodane diterpenoid from Brazilian propolis which inhibited DNA
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2502 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604187
Avramis VI; Larson GP; Kwock R; Rossi JJ; Beckman Res. Inst., City of Hope, Duarte, CA
Hammerhead ribozymes (RBZ) consist of two base-paired stems surrounding a central catalytic domain. We designed hammerhead RBZ and utilized a chemically synthesized modified RBZ (MRBZ) bearing a truncation in the stem of the catalytic domain to cleave N-myc RNA at a specific site within the second exon. These ribozyme
Michellamine B (MB; NSC 649324) is a naturally occurring alkaloid of novel chemical structure that exhibits promising in vitro activity against HIV types 1 and 2. In conjunction with its preclinical evaluation as an anti-HIV agent, the plasma pharmacokinetics of MB was characterized in mice at doses of 1.0, 4.7 and 9.
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2526 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604211
Newman RA; Costa M; Fuentes A; Dept. of Clinical Investigation, UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center,; Houston, TX 77030
Costatolide and dihydrocostatolide, structural analogs of the rain forest-derived natural product calanolide A, have demonstrated potent anti-HIV activity in in vitro screens. As part of their preclinical development at NCI, we developed an HPLC-based analytical assay for these compounds in biological fluids. Costatol
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2671 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604356
Vazquez-Padua MA; Gonzalez MT; Retrovirus Research Center, Universidad Central del Caribe,; School of Medicine, Bayamon, PR 00960
2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (DDI) is an anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus drug used in the treatment of AIDS patients. In spite of its potent antiviral activity, DDI shows significant toxicity in the clinic. It has been proposed that effects on mitochondrial (mt) DNA may play a role in the toxicity of DDI and other antiviral
KNI-272 is a potent inhibitor of HIV protease activity (EC50 0.02-01.mm) and is being developed as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of AIDS. KNI-272 is not soluble in aqueous media and presented a formulation challenge in preparing suitable dosage forms. The drug was ultimately formulated in hydroxyprop
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2753 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604438
Garg A; Murphy MJ Jr; Hipple Cancer Research Center, 4100 South Kettering Boulevard,; Dayton, OH 45439
AZT is the most commonly used antiretroviral drug for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The major dose-limiting factor in the long-term use of AZT has been its severe bone marrow toxicity in the patients as manifested by anem
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2837 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604522
Nigam VN; Madarnas P; Departement d'Anatomie et Biologie Cellulaire, Universite de; Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1H 5N4
High incidence of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma in immune-suppressed individuals suggests either a cancer inducing/promoting role of immunosuppression or the susceptibility of the immunosuppressed host to infection by communicable oncogenic viruses. We studied th
HIV-1 tat, a transactivator of the HIV long terminal repeat, is essential for HIV replication and causes inhibition of antigen-mediated T-cell proliferation. To understand the mechanism of inhibition of T cell proliferation, we have investigated the regulation of IL-2
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2854 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604539
Hirazumi A; Furusawa E; Chou SC; Hokama Y; Dept. of Pharmacology, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822
The fruit juice of noni has been found to be therapeutically active against ip implanted Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. The antitumor principle(s), which was concentrated in the ethanol-precipitable (EtOH-ppt) fraction, increased the survival time of mice by 123% (MST of control = 14.7 days vs M
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2913 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604598
Benjamin D; Sharma V; Kubin M; Baird M; Trinchieri G; Division of Hematology/Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and; Research Inst., The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210
IL-12 is a 70 kD heterodimer cytokine formed by 40 kD heavy chain (p40) and 35 kD light chain (p35). IL-12 was detected in EBV-transformed normal lymphoblastoid B cell lines (CLS) but not in Burkitt s lymphoma. Using PCR analysis we studied IL-12 expression in 21 B CLS obtained from patients with American Burkitt s, A
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2938 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604623
Hanaya T; Arai S; Kawai S; Nii A; Yoshida K; Kurimoto M; Minowada J; Fujisaki Institute, Hayashibara Biochem. Labs., Inc., Okayama; 702, Japan
Propolis, bee glue obtained from bee hives, is known as a home remedy because of its antimicrobial and antiviral effects. We prepared propolis powder with anhydrous maltose to facilitate its solubility (propolis content: approx 13.7%). Murine macrophage functions, such as cell adhesion and the subsequent spreading of
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2975 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604660
Rakowicz-Szulczynska EM; McIntosh DG; Piao J; Smith M; Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Univ. of Nebraska Medical; Center, 600 South 42nd St., Omaha, NE 68198-3255
We have identified a novel family of breast cancer- and gynecological cancer-associated antigens which cross-react in western blotting and are immunoprecipitated with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) developed against the variable loop of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-I) envelope protein gp120. Four HIV cross-react
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2984 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604669
Wei WZ; Gill RF; Abastado JP; Michigan Cancer Foundation, Detroit, MI 48201
To identify MMTV immunogenic peptides, 27 peptides with sequences homologous to that of MMTV gag or env proteins and with the reported Kd motif were synthesized. Peptide binding to Kd was determined in a competition binding assay by measuring the decrease in binding of an 125I-labeled control peptide to a soluble sing
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A3079 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604764
Lampson L; Ghogawala Z; Chen A; Kim L; Jenkins J; Dept. of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115
CNS lymphoma , the major AIDS-associated malignancy of the nervous system, has a characteristic growth pattern. Tumor appears in the perivascular spaces, and infiltrates brain parenchyma. New therapies, and improved delivery to infiltrative tumor, are both needed. We are defining ho
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A3141 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604826
Voorzanger N; Touitou R; Joab I; Edelman L; Burdin N; Rousset F; Favrot M; Blay JY; Centre L. Berard, Lyon, France
We have previously reported that serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) is increased in patients (pts) with non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) and correlates to a poor prognosis. Here, we have investigated the cellular source of IL-10 and the possible relationship with EBV infection in non-HIV rel
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A3245 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604930
Sun AS; Prusoff WH; Dept. of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, CT 06510
2,5 -anhydro-3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (anAZT) has antiviral activity against HIV-1 in cell culture and is converted to AZT and then thymine (thy) by human liver homogenate in 0.1% Triton X-100. The reaction products were identified with SAX HPLC. Ninety percent of the activity was recovered in the 100,000 xg superna
A quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction method has been developed to measure the copy numbers of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in MOLT-4 cells. A competitive DNA template was synthesized by PCR, the product containing a central fragment of HIV DNA flanked by 20-mer primer sequences identical to portions of th
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A3505 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95605190
Feig DI; Sowers LC; Loeb LA; Dept. of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
An evaluation of the role of oxygen reactive species in carcinogenesis has been hindered by the large number of diverse DNA lesions they cause. The traditional approach has been to chemically identify a lesion first in DNA and subsequently to evaluate its mutagenicity. We present a new approach, Reverse Chemical Mutag
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A3656 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95605341
Buolamwini JK; Myers TG; Scudiero DA; Grever MR; Anderson NL; Weinstein JN; Developmental Therapeutics Program, DCT, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892
A large data base of drug sensitivity results has been generated in the National Cancer Institute s (NCI) in vitro anticancer drug screen with 60 human cancer cell lines (representing 9 organs of origin). More than 10,000 compounds are tested each year. One advantage of the cell line screen over a pure target assay is
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A3725 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95605410
Huang MT; Ma W; Yen P; Xie JQ; Frenkel K; Grunberger D; Conney AH; Lab. for Cancer Res., Rutgers Univ., Piscataway, NJ 08855
CAPE, which is found in propolis (a product of honeybee hives), selectively inhibits the growth of several transformed cell lines. Previous studies showed that CAPE inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced skin inflammation (ear edema) and increases in epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity (Can
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A3808 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95605493
Koong AC; Chen EY; Giaccia AJ; Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of; Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5468
Transcriptional regulation of gene expression by NF-kappa B is accomplished by translocation of NF-kappa B from the cytoplasm to the nucleus where it is able to bind DNA. The signals for NF-kappa B activation are diverse, but can be classified as protein kinase C (PKC) dependent (eg, oxidative stress) or PKC independe
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2347 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604032
Skalski V; Liu SH; Lin TS; Cheng YC; Dept. of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, CT 06510
2 ,3 -beta-L-dideoxycytidine (beta-L- ddC ) as well as its 5-fluoro analog (beta-L-FddC) are potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency type 1 virus (HIV-1) in culture (beta-L-FddC greater than-L-ddC) and exhibit low cytotoxicity and minimal effect on
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A2362 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95604047
Skalski V; Liu SH; Cheng YC; Dept. of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven CT 06510
Dideoxy nucleoside analogs (ddN) are a class of agents with demonstrated activity against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). The amount of ddN triphosphate incorporated at the 3 -terminal of the viral genome is a critical determining factor for the anti-HIV action. The extent of incorporation depends on the abi
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 35:A3572 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/95605257
Cha Y; Huston L; Deisseroth AB; UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
The interferon genes are composed of a family of proteins involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation, immune response, response to viruses, and cell-cell interactions. Interferon-inducible genes (IIG), 9-27, 6-16, IRF-1, IRF-2, ISGF3, and ICSBP, have been cloned by several independent investigators. IRF-1 an
Cushman P Jr; Escobar M; Medical College of Virginia.
Male heterosexual i.v. drug abusers in methadone maintenance treatment were surveyed for HIV disease and followed prospectively in Richmond, Virginia. Five of 50 (10%) had both positive ELISA and Western Blot antibodies initially, although none had other clinical manifestations. Forty-two (84%) were restudied 1 year l
Nelson FL; Kabacy M; Fairbanks Community Mental Health Center, AK 99701.
A 12-hour training program was designed and pilot tested on 46 staff from three methadone maintenance and detoxification clinics. Also, 525 clients enrolled in a methadone clinic completed a questionnaire assessing their knowledge of AIDS and then participated in an AIDS education program. The staff and the patients h
Lamothe F; Bruneau J; Soto J; Vincelette J; Brabant M; Lachance N; Fauvel M; Centre de recherche clinique Andre Viallet, Hopital Saint-Luc,; Montreal, Quebec.
Hunziker T; Kolmar A; Spath PJ; Braathen LR; Dermatological Clinic, University of Berne, Switzerland.
Sera from 16 patients suffering from active psoriasis without arthropathy (2 guttate, 10 nummular, and 4 mixed type) were examined for the presence of circulating immune complexes. Five routine laboratory assay systems were used, based on C1q-binding or detection of IgG-coupled C1q and C3-breakdown products. In 14 pat
In this paper we investigate the reactivity pattern of T cells from stomach carcinoma patients against autologous tumour cells. T cells obtained from the tumour environment, tumour-draining lymph nodes and peripheral blood were cloned in 78 patients with stomach cancer and anti-tumour cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) pr
Int Immunol. 1994 Aug;6(8):1117-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95071940
Hoerauf A; Solbach W; Lohoff M; Rollinghoff M; Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University of; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany.
The course of Leishmania major infection in B cell-defective BALB.Xid mice was investigated. Infected BALB.Xid mice showed a significantly slower lesion development compared with BALB/c controls accompanied by a 10- to 30-fold lower parasite burden in lymphatic organs. The B cell immune response, as quantified by anti
Int Immunol. 1994 Aug;6(8):1273-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95071959
Ishii N; Takeshita T; Kimura Y; Tada K; Kondo M; Nakamura M; Sugamura K; Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine,; Sendai, Japan.
We have established two rat mAbs, TUGh4 and TUGh5, specific for the human gamma chain of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), which is known to be shared among receptors for IL-2, IL-4 and IL-7. The antibodies bound to cell lines transfected with the human gamma chain gene but n
Biochemistry. 1994 Dec 6;33(48):14579-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95072030
Tan R; Frankel AD; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of; California, San Francisco 94141.
An arginine-rich peptide corresponding to amino acids 34-50 of the human immunodeficiency virus Rev protein has been shown to bind specifically to its RNA-binding site (RRE) when the peptide is in an alpha-helical conformation. Mutation of any one of six amino acids (Thr34, Arg35, Arg38, Arg39, Asn40, or Arg44) was sh
Personnel in GI Endoscopy units are at higher risk than health care workers in general for exposure to Hepatitis B and Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Occupational Safety and Health Administration Standards require personal protective equipment including gloves, goggles, masks, water-impervious gowns, shoe covers, sharp
Santos J; Fernandez A; Arana C; Falces A; Marquez M; Rivero A; Unidad de Infecciosos, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga.
BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pyogenes is a bacteria which, at present, is seldom isolated in blood and articular fluid. An intravenous drug addict with human immunodeficiency virus infection, with bacteremia and arthritis by S. pyogenes, associated with tuberculosis is presented. METHODS: Blood and articular fluid cultur
Dronda F; Chaves F; Lopez-Cubero L; Suzacq C; Alonso-Sanz M; Herrera D; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas-Microbiologia, Hospital; General Penitenciario, Madrid.
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is the main causal agent of infectious endocarditis (IE) in intravenous drug addicts (IVDA) with most of the strains, isolated in Spain being resistant to penicillin and sensitive to methycillin, although the latter condition varied in recent years.
Laube LS; Burrascano M; Dejesus CE; Howard BD; Johnson MA; Lee WT; Lynn AE; Peters G; Ronlov GS; Townsend KS; et al; Viagene, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121.
The immune response against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is believed to play a role in controlling the early stages of disease progression. The cellular immune response, in particular cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity, may be important for eliminating virally infected cells in HIV-1-infected individ
An Med Interna. 1994 Jul;11(7):328-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95072190
Menendez Martinez MA; Perez de Oteyza C; Pastor Gomez JM; Muro Garcia R; Carrillo Largaespada O; Villanueva Serrano S; Unidad VIH, Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
We describe the infection by HIV observed in the scope of the Military Hospital and we evaluate the clinical usefulness of the current classification systems. We have retrospectively studied (1986-1993) 80 confirmed cases of infection by HIV: 21 women and 59 men (age range: 17-65 years). Quarterly clinico-biological c
An Med Interna. 1994 Jul;11(7):334-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95072191
Vilades C; Ferre R; Martin-Urda A; Vidal F; Mayayo E; Richart C; Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona; Joan XXIII, Universitat Rovira i Virgili.
In this paper, we review the etiological, clinical and evolutive aspects of patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) whose hepatic biopsy showed the presence of granulomas (GH). This is retrospective study covering a period of 10 years (1982-1991). The clinical records of all the patients hospitalized due to FUO (n
Statten GA; Longini IM Jr; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Methods of estimating the probability density function of infection times for a population, using serial cross-sectional measurements of a marker of disease progression, are presented. The infection time distribution may be calculated back to the beginning of the epidemic, if it is possible to sample individuals who w
Zeger SL; Diggle PJ; Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,; Maryland 21205-2179.
The paper describes a semiparametric model for longitudinal data which is illustrated by its application to data on the time evolution of CD4 cell numbers in HIV seroconverters. The essential ingredients of the model are a parametric linear model for covariate adjustment, a nonparametric estimation of a smooth time tr
Akbar AN; Salmon M; Janossy G; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Free Hospital School of; Medicine, London, UK.
For decades immunobiologists have focussed on lymphocyte activation leading to cellular proliferation as a means by which the numbers of antigen-responsive cells can be increased. The pendulum has now swung back and questions are being raised about the way in which the size of the activated lymphocyte populations, suc
Inoue Y; Kondo N; Motoyoshi F; Inoue R; Orii T; Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University School of Medicine,; Japan.
We evaluated the production of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from six patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). IL-2 production and IFN-gamma concentrations were not reduced in these patients.
Miller MD; Feinberg MB; Greene WC; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA; 94141.
The gene product of the nef gene of HIV-1 acts both to increase the infectivity of viral particles and to reduce the expression of the CD4 receptor molecule on the cell surface. These two functions of Nef may be related, in that downregulation of CD4 may promote the production of HIV that has greater infectivity.
Brain Res. 1994 Aug 8;653(1-2):297-304. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95073048
Tejada-Berges T; Yong VW; Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and; Neurosurgery, McGill University, Que., Canada.
The proliferative response of adult human astrocytes to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was examined. Applied alone, TNF-alpha was dependent on the content of serum in the feeding medium, being mitogenic only in conditions of over 15% serum in medium. In accordance with previous results, supernatants from acti
Cancer. 1994 Dec 15;74(12):3083-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95073170
Shahab I; Osborne BM; Butler JJ; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of; Pathology, Houston.
BACKGROUND. Although the histologic changes in lymph nodes in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) are well described, the histology and resulting clinical symptoms of hyperplastic nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue (NPLT) in these patients are not widely known, particularly to pathologists an
Can Nurse. 1994 Nov;90(10):43-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95073200
Dionne-Proulx J
AIDS in the workplace poses distinct professional risks to health care providers. Identifying HIV carriers and providing specific preventive measures are not the only concerns. Societal prejudices that degenerate into attitudes and behaviors contrary to professional ethics can overwhelm nursing personnel. Their fears
Comber RN; Friedrich JD; Dunshee DA; Petty SL; Secrist JA 3rd; Organic Chemistry Department, Southern Research Institute,; Birmingham, Alabama 35255-5305.
The syntheses of several alpha-linked thioglycosidic disaccharides are described, including thiokojibiose octaacetate (1), thionigerose (2), and thioisomaltose (3). The title compounds were synthesized by coupling 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1.5-acetyl-1-thio-alpha-D-glucopyranose (4) with either 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-O
Cancer Detect Prev. 1994;18(4):241-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95073239
Penn I; University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Department of Surgery,; OH 45267-0558.
Various disorders of immune competence are associated with increases in uncommon tumors, particularly non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHLs), which often exhibit unusual features: they are frequently extranodal, show a broad spectrum of lesions, ranging from benign polyclonal hyperplasia to frankly malignant monoclonal lympho
Turoglu HT; Abdel-Dayem HM; Bonanno C; Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical; Center of New York, NY 10011.
The study included 11 patients with AIDS who underwent gastric emptying studies for solid food, endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy), and gastric biopsy whenever gastritis was diagnosed on endoscopy. All studies were performed within 1 week. The studies were retrospectively reviewed to analyze the changes in gastric
Chung Hua Min Kuo Wei Sheng Wu Chi Mien I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1993 Aug;26(3):95-107. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95073390
Chang KS; Ko YC; Chuang CY; Guo HG; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chang Gung Medical; College, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
A Taiwanese woman who lived with a presumably bisexual man of German nationality, and her infant daughter were found to be seropositive for HIV-1. From DNA preparations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the mother-infant pair, we amplified a segment, about 560 base pairs (bp), of gag portion of HIV-1 provirus b
A 57-year-old man with an HIV infection, diagnosed a year ago, complained of fever and cough. The haemoglobin level was 7.5 g/dl, white cell count 3800/microliters, T-helper cell count 60/microliters and the CD4-CD8 ratio 0.1. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was raised to 21/39 mm. Bacteriological tests were at first n
Hamilton-Dutoit SJ; Pallesen G; Laboratory of Immunopathology, Aarhus University Hospital,; Denmark.
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with an increasing range of reactive and neoplastic lesions. There is a need for a sensitive and specific method for detecting latent EBV in routine histological sections. We report the use of a highly sensitive paraffin section RNA/RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) technique u
Piira TA; Ries K; Kjeldsberg CR; Perkins SL; University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Pathology,; Salt Lake City.
Non-Hodgkin s lymphomas have been recognized as an important and frequently fatal part of the spectrum of diseases associated with HIV infection. These are most often high-grade B-cell lymphomas usually of immunoblastic and small cell non-cleaved subtypes. Sporadic reports of T-cell lymphomas associated with HIV infec
Benichou S; Bomsel M; Bodeus M; Durand H; Doute M; Letourneur F; Camonis J; Benarous R; Unite 332, INSERM, Paris, France.
Nef is a 27-kDa myristylated protein conserved in most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus isolates. Simian immunodeficiency virus Nef is required in macaques for both high viral load and full pathological effects. Nef down-regulates the cell surface expression of CD4 by a po
Muroi M; Muroi Y; Suzuki T; Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology,; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7420.
The macrophage-like cell line, J774, was found to respond to immobilized mouse monoclonal IgG2a proteins, but not to soluble forms of IgG2a or IgG2b or to immobilized F(ab )2 of IgG2a, by the increase in the nuclear proteins of two different types of NF-kappa B proteins which differed in their electrophoretic mobiliti
Li Y; Mak G; Franza BR Jr; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724.
We examined the cooperative activity between the Sp1 and NF-kappa B/Rel sites of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation in an in vitro transcription assay. Sp1 sites alone do not account for the activation induced by PMA. When mutat
J Public Health Policy. 1994 Autumn;15(3):329-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95074313
Weissman G; McClain M; Hines R; Harder P; Gross M; Marconi KM; Bowen GS; Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20857.
HRSA, AHCPR and NCAP convened a working meeting in November 1992, to discuss creation of a national agenda for research and evaluation on HIV service delivery systems that are cost-effective, responsive to the needs of the diverse populations affected by the epidemic, and reflective of the lessons learned so far. In t
Grummon K; Rigby ED; Orr D; Procidano M; Reznikoff M; Fordham University.
The influences of coping strategies and of perceived social support from family and friends on the psychological adjustment of intravenous drug users (IVDUs) with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) were investigated. Twenty-seven male AIDS patients with a history of intravenous drug use completed a demographic
Kaiser FE; Morley JE; Department of Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine,; Missouri.
OBJECTIVE: Survey of the association of idiopathic CD4+ T cell lymphocytopenia in older persons with protein energy undernutrition and unusual infections/colonizations. METHOD: Retrospective chart analysis. RESULTS: Five subjects aged 61 to 87 years, with unusual organisms and/or either marasmus or kwashiorkor, were n
Cox JN; Brenner ER; Bryan CS; Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of; Medicine, Columbia.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate trends in the occurrence and diagnosis of mycobacterial disease. DESIGN: Prospective surveillance study using a central tuberculosis registry at a 611-bed teaching community hospital. RESULTS: Data pertaining to 715 patients were entered into the registry between 1976 and 1991 on the basis of p
Richalet-Secordel PM; Zeder-Lutz G; Plaue S; Sommermeyer-Leroux G; Van Regenmortel MH; Laboratoire d'Immunochimie des Peptides et des Virus, UPR 9021,; CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France.
The reactivity of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) raised against a cyclic peptide representing a chimeric V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 with different peptide analogues was studied with a biosensor system (BIAcore) and by ELISA. In both assays, the Mabs cross-reacted extensively with the V3 regions of different HIV-1 strains an
Olliaro P; Dautzenberg B; R&D/Anti-infectives, Farmitalia Carlo Erba, Milan, Italy.
The objectives of this study were to assess whether culture conversion affects quality of life (QoL), survival and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)-associated morbidity in patients with AIDS. Data from an open, multicenter, noncomparative trial were analyzed to test the benefit of suppressing mycobacteria: measures o
J Med Vet Mycol. 1994;32(4):235-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95074718
Thomas PA; Institute of Ophthalmology, Joseph Eye Hospital, Tiruchirapalli,; India.
Mycotic keratitis, an important ophthalmologic problem, especially in outdoor workers in the tropics, is frequently caused by filamentous fungi such as species of Fusarium, Aspergillus and Curvularia, and by yeast-like fungi such as Candida. A rapid, presumptive diagnosis can be made by recognition of certain typical
Nguyen NA; Ghosh S; Gatlin LA; Grant DJ; Pharmaceutical Development, Glaxo Inc., Research Triangle Park,; NC 27709.
Carbovir, which exhibits promising in-vitro activity against HIV, is shown to exist in five forms: I, II, III, IV, and V. Forms I-III and V were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), hot-stage microscopy (HSM), Karl Fischer titrimetry (KFT), powder X-ray diffractio
Johnson MD; Hoesterey BL; Anderson BD; Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College; of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
Kynostatin (KNI-272), an experimental HIV protease inhibitor, is currently undergoing preclinical testing for the treatment of AIDS. This transition state mimetic tripeptide exhibits extremely low aqueous solubility (4 micrograms/mL) making target concentrations (5-50 mg/mL) for parenteral solution formulations diffic
Su Y; Popik W; Pitha PM; Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; 21231.
We have examined the feasibility of using interferon (IFN) gene transfer as a novel approach to anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) therapy in this study. To limit expression of a transduced HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-IFNA2 (the new approved nomenclature for IFN genes is used throughout this article
The human endogenous retrovirus family HTDV/HERV-K codes for the viral particles observed in teratocarcinoma cell lines. Two types of proviral genomes exist; these differ in the presence or absence of a stretch of 292 nucleotides. This sequence comprises the amino-terminal part of the env gene, the putative signal pep
Brand D; Srinivasan K; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Various roles for the viral receptor, CD4, have been proposed in facilitating human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry, including virion binding to the target cell and the induction of conformational changes in the viral envelope glycoproteins required for the membrane fusion reaction. Here, we compare the st
Lisziewicz J; Sun D; Trapnell B; Thomson M; Chang HK; Ensoli B; Peng B; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
One approach to gene therapy for AIDS is to block the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by inhibiting that tat gene, whose product activates the expression of all HIV-1 genes. To accomplish this, we constructed an antitat gene expressing an RNA with dual (polymeric TAR and antisense-tat) funct
Najera I; Holguin A; Quinones-Mateu ME; Munoz-Fernandez MA; Najera R; Lopez-Galindez C; Domingo E; Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (Consejo Superior de; Investigaciones Cientificas-UAM, Universidad Autonoma de; Madrid, Spain.
The nucleotide sequences of two pol gene regions (codons 41 to 108 and 181 to 219 of reverse transcriptase) of 60 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes obtained directly from primary lymphocytes from infected individuals are reported. In addition, the mutant spectra of several quasispecies have been sampled by r
Louwagie J; Janssens W; Mascola J; Heyndrickx L; Hegerich P; van der Groen G; McCutchan FE; Burke DS; Henry M. Jackson Foundation Research Laboratory, Rockville,; Maryland.
The genetic diversity of the envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates was studied. HIV-1 isolates were obtained from eight countries in Africa: Djibouti , Gabon , Kenya ,
Bernier R; Tremblay M; Unite de Retrovirologie, Laboratoire d'Infectiologie, Centre de; Recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval, Ste-Foy,; Quebec, Canada.
Defective particles are naturally occurring virus mutants that lack one or more genes required for viral replication. Such viruses may affect positively or negatively the symptoms of the disease. Thus, it is of great interest to measure the role played by defective particles in the process of human immunodeficiency vi
Yahi N; Sabatier JM; Baghdiguian S; Gonzalez-Scarano F; Fantini J; CNRS URA 1455, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Faculte de Medecine; Nord, Marseille, France.
The glycosphingolipid galactosylceramide (GalCer), which binds gp120 with high affinity and specificity, is a potential alternative receptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in some CD4-negative neural and epithelial human cells, including the human colonic epithelial cell line HT-29. In the present stu
Chazal N; Gay B; Carriere C; Tournier J; Boulanger P; Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathogenese Moleculaires, CNRS; URA-1487, Faculte de Medecine, Montpellier, France.
The role of the matrix protein (MA) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in intracellular transport, assembly, and extracellular release of Gag polyprotein precursor (Pr55gag) was investigated by deletion mutagenesis of the MA domain of recombinant Gag precursor expressed in baculovirus-infected cells. In addition,
Wiskerchen M; Muesing MA; Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285-0438.
Integrase is the only viral protein necessary for integration of retroviral DNA into chromosomal DNA of the host cell. Biochemical analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase with purified protein and synthetic DNA substrates has revealed extensive information regarding the mechanism of action of
Green PL; Ross TM; Chen IS; Pettiford S; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University; School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2363.
Human T-cell leukemia virus types I (HTLV-I) and II (HTLV-II) and bovine leukemia virus contain a region of approximately 600 nucleotides located 3 to the env gene and 5 to the last exon of the tax and rex regulatory genes. This region was originally termed nontranslated or untranslated (UT) since it did not appear
Wrin T; Loh TP; Vennari JC; Schuitemaker H; Nunberg JH; Department of Immunology, Research Virology Laboratory, Genentech; Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080.
Seven diverse primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were examined and found to be refractory to neutralization by antisera to recombinant gp120 (rgp120) protein from HIV-1 MN. This stands in marked contrast to the sensitivity exhibited by certain laboratory-adapted viruses. To understand the
Sauter M; Schommer S; Kremmer E; Remberger K; Dolken G; Lemm I; Buck M; Best B; Neumann-Haefelin D; Mueller-Lantzsch N; Abteilung Virologie, Universitatkliniken des Saarlandes,; Homburg/Saar, Germany.
The human endogenous retrovirus K10 (HERV-K10) has been identified in the human genome by its homology to retroviruses of other vertebrates (M. Ono, T. Yasunaga, T. Miyata, and H. Ushikubo, J. Virol. 60:589-598, 1986). Using PCR amplification, DNA cloning, sequencing, and procaryotic expression, we were able to demons
Spira AI; Ho DD; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
We sought to determine the effects of different host cells on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro. First, 17 primary viruses of various phenotypes were examined for replicative capacity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 10 healthy donors. While the range of infection was vari
Chirmule N; Than S; Khan SA; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital-Cornell; University Medical College, Manhasset, New York 11030.
Soluble proteins of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. The addition of synthetic Tat peptides, but not that of the recombinant Nef or Vif protein, inhibited proliferative responses of CD4+ tetanus antigen-specific, exogenous interleukin-2 (
Groenink M; Moore JP; Broersen S; Schuitemaker H; Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, The Netherlands Red Cross; Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants passaged in T-cell lines, often called laboratory isolates, are potently neutralized by soluble CD4 (sCD4), whereas primary HIV-1 variants are highly resistant to sCD4 neutralization. Previously, it was demonstrated that the domain from V1 to V3 of the HIV-1 gp120 m
We have studied the fate of CD4 in CEM T cells expressing a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1 Nef protein. Nef triggered a rapid endocytosis and a degradation of CD4, while most of the p56lck was upheld at the cell membrane. In the presence of Nef, CD4 accumulated in acidic intracellular vesicles that were not
Wilson CA; Eiden MV; Anderson WB; Lehel C; Olah Z; Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Biology, Food and Drug; Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20892.
Previously, we showed that the amphotropic receptor homolog in hamster cells functions as a receptor not only for amphotropic murine leukemia viruses and 10A1 murine leukemia virus but also for gibbon ape leukemia virus (C.A. Wilson, K. B. Farrell, and M. V. Eiden, J. Virol. 68:7697-7703, 1994). Here, we demonstrate t
Wang WK; Essex M; Lee TH; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Between hypervariable regions V1 and V2 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 lies a cluster of relatively conserved residues. The contribution of nine charged residues in this region to virus infectivity was evaluated by single-amino-acid substitutions in an infectious provirus clone. Three of the HIV-
Lacoste J; Petropoulos L; Pepin N; Hiscott J; Abe Stern Cancer Research Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute for; Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) encodes a strong transcriptional activator, Tax, that stimulates transcription indirectly through the viral long terminal repeat and also activates a number of cellular genes via association with host transcription factors. The NF-kappa B/Rel pathway is a target for Tax tran
Pleskoff O; Seman M; Alizon M; INSERM U.332, Institut Cochin de Genetique Moleculaire, Paris,; France.
The antiviral effect of MS8209, an amphotericin B derivative, was studied in CD4+ cells transfected with a lacZ gene inducible upon human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. MS8209 was shown to block virus entry after receptor binding and probably before virus-cell membrane fusion, but it had no effect on
Miller MD; Warmerdam MT; Page KA; Feinberg MB; Greene WC; Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco,; California 94141.
The nef gene product of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) promotes more-rapid kinetics of viral replication in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We have previously shown that these enhancing effects of Nef on HIV-1 replication reflect an increase in viral infectivity detectable both in limiting dil
Wiskerchen M; Muesing MA; Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285-0438.
We have created a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, using the technique of charge-cluster-to-alanine scanning mutagenesis to introduce specific changes into the integrase coding region. In the ts mutant virus, the lysine at amino acid 136 and the glutamic acid at amino acid 138
Huang M; Hanna Z; Jolicoeur P; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Pr60gag appears to be the only protein encoded by the murine AIDS (MAIDS)-defective virus. To study the role of Pr60gag or some other sequences of the viral genome in the pathogenicity of the virus, we have generated mutants of the defective viral genome. These mutant defective viruses, prepared as helper-free stocks,
Culmann-Penciolelli B; Lamhamedi-Cherradi S; Couillin I; Guegan N; Levy JP; Guillet JG; Gomard E; Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Interactions Cellulaires et; Molecularies Institut National de la Sante de la Recherche; Medicale U152, Paris, France.
Fang H; Pincus SH; Laboratory of Microbial Structure and Function, Rocky Mountain; Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
To study the variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), we used immunotoxins to select for variants within a population of H9 cells persistently infected with a molecular clone of HIV-1 designated NL4-3. Chimeric immunotoxin CD4-PE40 (a chimeric fusion protein consisting of the amino-terminal two doma
Huang Y; Zhang L; Ho DD; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
Studies with the simian immunodeficiency virus have shown that nef deletion results in a low level of viremia and a lack of disease progression in monkeys. Given the similarity of this clinical profile to that observed in long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, we sought to examin
The different formulas on intrathecal secretion of IgG were evaluated in patients with active neurosyphillis (NS) who did not have HIV infection with the aim of knowing their usefulness and sensitivity in the follow up of response to treatment. Five HIV negative patients with defined criteria of active NS were analyze
Medicine (Baltimore). 1994 Nov;73(6):281-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95075281
Harris EC; Barraclough BM; Department of Psychiatry, University of Southampton, Royal South; Hants Hospital, United Kingdom.
The association between suicide and medical disorder has not received as much attention as the association between suicide and psychiatric disorder. We identified by statistical overview medical disorders with an altered suicide risk. We found reports on the mortality of 63 medical disorders (ICD9 001-289, 320-999) sa
Medicine (Baltimore). 1994 Nov;73(6):306-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95075284
Rabaud C; May T; Amiel C; Katlama C; Leport C; Ambroise-Thomas P; Canton P; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University; Hospital, Nancy, France.
A French nationwide survey of extracerebral toxoplasmosis (ECT) in HIV-infected patients was performed between January 1990 and September 1992. All French hospitals were surveyed, and all but a few responded. Data collected included epidemiologic, clinical, and biologic features; therapy; and outcome. During the 33-mo
Chiarini L; Bertoldi C; Tanza D; Cappelletto M; Istituto Clinica Odontostomatologica, Universita degli Studi di; Modena.
The authors examine some specific forms of precancerous states of the oral cavity, selecting them from among the 4 classes defined by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Precancerous Lesions. The immunological system is given particular emphasis. In fact, as studies progress, it appears to be more and more involved
Bongartz JP; Aubertin AM; Milhaud PG; Lebleu B; Institut de Genetique Moleculaire de Montpellier-UMR CNRS; 9942, Montpellier, France.
Recently several groups reported a dramatic improvement of reporter gene transfection efficiency using a fusogenic peptide, derived from the Influenza hemagglutinin envelop protein. This peptide changes conformation at acidic pH and destabilizes the endosomal membranes thus resulting in an increased cytoplasmic gene d
Zolotukhin AS; Harford JB; Felber BK; Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Group, National Cancer; Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD; 21702-1201.
Expression of the structural proteins of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), and of the transferrin receptor (TfR) mRNA depends on posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms involving both positive and negative elements. In these systems the presence of elem
Barcellini W; Sacerdote P; Borghi MO; Rizzardi GP; Fain C; De Giuli Morghen C; Manfredi B; Lazzarin A; Meroni PL; Panerai AE; et al; Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Milan, Italy.
We investigated beta-endorphin (BE) content in an HIV-infected cell line and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) from HIV-positive subjects. HIV infection increased BE content in HuT78 cell line compared to uninfected cells. Accordingly, BE content was greater in HIV-positive subjects than in healthy controls,
Dupras A; Department of Sexology, University of Quebec, Montreal, Canada.
The present study examined links between internalized homophobia and psychosexual tendencies among 261 homosexual men. Analysis indicated that men who accept their homosexuality less rate themselves higher on sexual anxiety, sexual depression, fear of sexuality, and concern about sexual image and lower on internal sex
Tapiz A; Vila D; Valdes V; Dorca E; Badal J; Marcos JM; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General de Manresa.
We report an exclusively cutaneous case of cryptococcosis, which is exceptional. He was a 33 years old patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who presented with an ulcer-necrotic lesion at the nasal wings with a long and torpid evolution. Finally, culture and biopsy were diagnostic of cryptococcosis. We r
Rev Med Interne. 1994;15(9):601-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95076090
Mariette X; Service d'immunopathologie et d'hematologie, laboratoire; d'immunopathologie, hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
Virus are suspected to play a role in triggering lymphoid proliferation observed in Sjogren s syndrome (SS). In this paper, attention is focused on the potential role of herpes virus, retrovirus and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the pathogenesis of SS. Genes and proteins of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are detected in epithe
Rev Prat. 1994 Oct 15;44(16):2187-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95076169
Struillou L; Raffi F; Service de medecine interne, CHU Nantes, Hotel-Dieu.
Opportunistic infections of the central nervous system, frequent in AIDS, present essentially in 4 clinical pictures: brain mass lesion(s), meningitis, diffuse encephalitis or prolonged fever. Toxoplasmosis is by far the most frequent cause of brain mass lesion. Therefore, for patients presenting with a brain mass les
Kristjansson M; Viner B; Maslow JN; Infectious Diseases Section, VA Medical Center, Boston, MA 02130.
Shigella gastroenteritis is uncommon among HIV seropositive patients and may be complicated in some patients by bacteremia; S. flexneri being the most frequently detected serogroup. While recurrent Salmonella bacteremia is common among HIV-seropositive patients, recurrent Shigella bacteremia is not. We report here an
Guerina NG; Department of Obstetrics, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA; 02111.
This review presented the clinical manifestations, diagnostic and therapeutic options, and preventive strategies for several congenital infections. The infections discussed show the spectrum of modes of vertical transmission and severity of fetal disease encountered, in addition to the successes and limitations of the
Modesto VL; Gottesman L; Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina.
During the past 20 years, there has been an increased use of the anorectum for erotic pleasure. Consequently, this has led to an overwhelming rise in sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) of the anus and rectum. It is important that surgeons involved with the care of colon and rectal disorders be familiar with each of
Dura WT; Wozniewicz BM; Department of Pathology, Childrens Memorial Health Center,; Warsaw, Poland.
An immunopathologic study of normal and severely atrophic thymuses (STA) was undertaken in order to evaluate the expression of human retrovirus (envelope and core) molecules in thymic epithelial cells (TEC) in HIV negative children. Both normal and STE thymuses disclosed p19, p24, p39, p45 and p55 viral core proteins
Curnow SJ; Guimezanes A; Schmitt-Verhulst AM; Centre d'Immunologie INSERM-CNRS de Marseille-Luminy, France.
Positive selection of class I-restricted T cells has been suggested to always require the surface expression of CD8 molecules on CD4+8+ thymocytes, whilst negative selection was found to be differentially dependent, relating to the antigen being engaged by the T cell receptor (TCR). We have studied the CD8-dependency
Kengeya-Kayondo JF; Uganda Virus Research Institute, Medical Research Council; Programme on AIDS (MRCPA), Entebbe.
Transdisciplinary research within the context of The Medical Research Council Programme on AIDS (MRCPA) has proven to be a way of research capacity building requiring relatively few additional costs. In developing countries where funds for specialised training are not always or easily available, encouraging multidisci
Okanurak K; Social and Economic Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine,; Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
The need to strengthen research capability has led organizations to provide research-oriented training programs, including various short courses and protocol development workshops, at the end of which it is anticipated that the participants will be able to carry out the research work. However, to do research needs mor
Kovelesky RA; Minor JR; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Pharmacy; Department, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Am J Med. 1994 Dec;97(6):515-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077016
Baughman RP; Dohn MN; Frame PT; Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center,; Ohio.
PURPOSE: To determine whether bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) remains a useful technique in assessing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with pulmonary symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All HIV-infected patients with pulmonary symptoms referred to a university hospital-based pulmonary service underwent br
Anal Biochem. 1994 Aug 15;221(1):142-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077095
Karlsson R; Biosensor AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
With surface plasmon resonance detection it is possible to measure the binding kinetics between a macromolecule in solution and a receptor immobilized on a sensor surface. The detector response is proportional to the mass of the analyte that binds to the surface, and therefore, a direct observation of a low-molecular-
Ann Intern Med. 1995 Jan 1;122(1):24-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077211
Fischl MA; Stanley K; Collier AC; Arduino JM; Stein DS; Feinberg JE; Allan JD; Goldsmith JC; Powderly WG; University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Medicine,; FL 33101.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and efficacy of continuing zidovudine therapy with that of zalcitabine alone or zalcitabine and zidovudine used together. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. SETTING: AIDS Clinical Trials units and National Hemophilia Foundation sites. PATIENTS: 1001 patients with sym
Drusano GL; Balis FM; Gitterman SR; Pizzo PA; Albany Medical College, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, New; York 12208.
We examined the relationship between the concentrations of zidovudine in plasma given by continuous intravenous infusion to human immunodeficiency virus-positive pediatric patients and a surrogate marker of outcome (measured by the increase in the number of CD4-positive T cells) as well as drug-mediated toxicity (chan
Taylor DL; Kang MS; Brennan TM; Bridges CG; Sunkara PS; Tyms AS; Marion Merrell Dow Research Institute Laboratories, Medical; Research Council Collaborative Centre, London, United Kingdom.
The 6-O-butanoyl derivative of castanospermine (MDL 28,574) was previously shown to be approximately 30-fold more potent than the naturally occurring molecule at inhibiting the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (D. L. Taylor, P. S. Sunkara, P. S. Liu, M. S. Kang, T. L. Bowlin, and A. S. Tyms, AIDS 5:69
Medina DJ; Tsai CH; Hsiung GD; Cheng YC; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520.
The toxic effects of various concentrations of 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine ( ddC ), 2 ,3 -dideoxy-2 ,3 -didehydrothymidine (D4T), and 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddI) on CEM cells after 4 days of culture were assessed by measuring cell viability, mitochondrial DNA
Inderlied CB; Barbara-Burnham L; Wu M; Young LS; Bermudez LE; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's; Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California 90027.
KRM 1648 is a 4-aminobenzoxazine derivative of rifamycin S with potent in vitro activity against the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC); the MIC for 90% of 24 MAC isolates from AIDS patients was 0.25 microgram/ml as determined by a radiometric broth macrodilution assay. KRM 1648 was bactericidal for MAC isolates in Mid
Griffiths TW; Stevens SR; Cooper KD; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical Center,; Ann Arbor.
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia is defined as a CD4+ T lymphocytopenia of less than 0.3 x 10(9)/L that is not associated with human immunodeficiency virus, other immunodeficiency, or immunosuppressive therapy. The associated clinical course and laboratory findings are variable. We describe a subset of pa
Arendt G; Maecker HP; Purrmann J; Homberg V; Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University, Dusseldorf,; Germany.
OBJECTIVE: Stance control measurements (sway velocity, sway area, and postural reflexes) were performed in 36 patients with neurologically asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) and in 10 patients with beginning HIV type 1 (HIV-1)-related encephalopathy. All recordings were performed using a movable
Fei PC; Solmone M; Caprilli F; Ameglio F; Pugliese O; Quintieri F; Laboratorio di Analisi Cliniche, Istituto S. Gallicano, Roma,; Italy.
Peripheral autoreactive T cell response was evaluated by limiting dilution analysis of autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction cultures in 15 subjects at high risk for HIV infection and in 20 normal individuals. The two groups did not show a quantitative difference of peripheral autoreactive T cells, but they showed diff
Garcia Garcia ML; Valdespino Gomez JL; Palacios Martinez M; Izazola JA; Sepulveda Amor J; Instituto Nacional de Diagnostico y Referencia Epidemiologicos,; Mexico, DF, Mexico.
We describe the epidemiology of AIDS as it pertains to health workers in Mexico . Of the 12,151 cases notified in adults up until 1993, 2.9% occurred among such workers. Two cases of occupational transmission have been documented. Seroprevalence surveys have shown an infection rate
Barry M; Wild M; Veal G; Back D; Breckenridge A; Fox R; Beeching N; Nye F; Carey P; Timmins D; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of; Liverpool, UK.
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: Measurement of phosphorylated zidovudine (ZDV) inside infected cells is more likely to provide satisfactory dose response relationships than serum concentrations. This study provides information on ZDV phosphorylation in HIV-seronegative volunteers (n = 5) and in patients with HIV infection (n =
The AIDS-associated lymphomas represent a heterogeneous set of disease processes. The largest histologic subset of lymphomas is the large-cell lymphomas, which represent a spectrum of disease processes ranging from monomorphic monoclonal B-cell proliferations to very polymorphic and polyclonal mixtures of B cells, T c
Denner J; Norley S; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich Institute, Langen/Frankfurt, Germany.
OBJECTIVES: To study the biological properties of the immunosuppressive peptide (ISU-peptide) of HIV-1, a 17-mer corresponding to the amino-acid domain 583-599 of the transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 of HIV-1. This peptide exhibits sequence homology to the highly conserved ISU-peptide of type C and D retroviruses. Also
Klimas N; Patarca R; Walling J; Garcia R; Mayer V; Moody D; Okarma T; Fletcher MA; Miami VA Medical Center, FL 33125.
OBJECTIVES: (1) To determine the safety and feasibility of repetitive reinfusions of activated autologous CD8 cells followed by low-dose continuous interleukin (IL)-2 infusion in patients with AIDS. (2) To study the relationships between clinical responses, surface marker phenotypic distributions and cytokine expressi
OBJECTIVE: To compare the viral burden and the biological phenotype of HIV-1 isolates obtained from lymphoid node mononuclear cells (LNMC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in 11 HIV-infected patients. METHODS: Viral burden was quantified by cocultivating LNMC and PBMC from HIV-infected patients with PBMC
Nkengasong JN; Peeters M; Ndumbe P; Janssens W; Willems B; Fransen K; Ngolle M; Piot P; van der Groen G; Department of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Tropical; Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the neutralizing antibody patterns to HIV-1ANT70 (ANT70) and HIV-1IIIB (IIIB) in human sera obtained from HIV-1-infected individuals from different African countries and Belgium . Second, to correlate the presence of neutralizing antibodies in sera and thei
Roberts MS; Gompels M; Pinching AJ; Knight SC; Antigen Presentation Research Group, Clinical Research Centre,; Harrow, UK.
OBJECTIVES: B-cell hyperactivity and hypergammaglobulinaemia with high levels of HIV-1-specific antibody occur during HIV-1 infection. We investigated the role played by antigen-presenting cells (APC) in the ongoing production of antibody. METHODS: Adherent monocytes and non-adherent low density dendritic cells were e
Alwood K; Keruly J; Moore-Rice K; Stanton DL; Chaulk CP; Chaisson RE; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of supervised therapy for tuberculosis (TB) in patients with HIV infection. DESIGN: Retrospective, chart review. PATIENTS: Patients with TB and HIV infection. SETTING: Urban, public TB clinic. MAIN MEASURES AND RESULTS: A total of 107 patients with TB and HIV infection were stu
Harris M; Deutsch G; MacLean JD; Tsoukas CM; McGill University AIDS Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
OBJECTIVE: The intestinal parasite Cryptosporidium is a common cause of chronic diarrhoea in AIDS patients and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. No effective treatment is currently available for this condition. Here we aim to determine the safety, tolerance, and clinical effect of letrazuril in t
Poscher ME; Department of Medicine, University of California/Mount Zion; Medical Center, San Francisco.
OBJECTIVE: Neurologic complications are common in patients with AIDS. Herpes zoster is a common early manifestation of HIV infection, but there have been few reports of encephalitic complications and nearly all have been postmortem. We report four cases of varicella zoster virus (VZV) meningoencephalitis diagnosed and
Aarons EJ; Woodrow D; Hollister WS; Canning EU; Francis N; Gazzard BG; AIDS Unit, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To report a case of renal failure associated with microsporidian infection in an HIV-seropositive patient. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, England, UK. PATIENT: An HIV-seropositive patient presented febrile with abdominal pain who developed renal failure. Renal biopsy
Buchbinder SP; Katz MH; Hessol NA; O'Malley PM; Holmberg SD; AIDS Office, Department of Public Health, San Francisco,; California 94102.
OBJECTIVE: To identify and describe a subgroup of men infected with HIV for 10-15 years without immunologic progression, and to evaluate the effect of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and recreational drug use on delayed HIV disease progression. DESIGN: Inception cohort study. SETTING: Municipal STD clinic. PARTICI
Aylward RB; Vlahov D; Munoz A; Rapiti E; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic utility of the clinical criteria of the World Health Organization s (WHO) proposed staging system for HIV disease and infection in a cohort of intravenous drug users (IVDU) from the ALIVE study. METHODS: All study subjects known to be HIV-seropositive were included in this analysis.
Vos J; Gumodoka B; van Asten HA; Berege ZA; Dolmans WM; Borgdorff MW; Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of introducing consensus guidelines on avoidable blood transfusions in Mwanza region, Tanzania . METHODS: Avoidable blood transfusions were determined among 842 blood transfusion recipients in eight hospitals in 1991. In a workshop with senior healt
Zheng X; Tian C; Choi KH; Zhang J; Cheng H; Yang X; Li D; Lin J; Qu S; Sun X; et al; Center for AIDS Surveillance, Chinese Academy of Preventive; Medicine, Beijing.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of drug injection among drug users, the seroprevalence of HIV and risk factors for HIV infection among injecting drug users (IDU), and to determine heterosexual transmission of HIV among IDU and their spouses in southwest China . METHODS: Using
Lindan CP; Avins AL; Woods WJ; Hudes ES; Clark W; Hulley SB; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate HIV testing behavior, validity of self-reported serostatus, and intention to test among alcoholics and drug users entering treatment. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. METHODS: A total of 952 clients voluntarily entering three outpatient and two inpatient public alcohol treatment centers in Sa
Klepp KI; Ndeki SS; Seha AM; Hannan P; Lyimo BA; Msuya MH; Irema MN; Schreiner A; Centre for International Health/Centre for Health Promotion; Research, University of Bergen, Norway.
OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of an HIV/AIDS education program. DESIGN: A quasi-experimental, nested cross-sectional design including baseline and 6-month follow-up surveys. Schools, stratified according to location, were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 6) or comparison conditions (n = 12). SETTING: Public pri
Castilla Catalan J; Gutierrez Rodriguez A; Tello Anchuela O; National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health,; Madrid, Spain.
OBJECTIVE: To detect changes in the evolution of the AIDS epidemic in Spain . DESIGN: Analysis of time-trends in AIDS incidence. METHODS: AIDS cases reported in Spain up to December 1993 were adjusted for reporting delays. Quarterly time-trends in incidence were analysed for groups d
Tembo G; Friesan H; Asiimwe-Okiror G; Moser R; Naamara W; Bakyaita N; Musinguzi J; AIDS Control Programme, Entebbe, Uganda.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of patients with HIV-related illness admitted to a medical ward. DESIGN: A prospective study. SETTING: Rubaga Hospital, the third largest hospital in Kampala, the capital of Uganda . PARTICIPANTS: A total of 449 patients admitted to the medical
Franceschi S; Dal Maso L; La Vecchia C; Negri E; Serraino D; Servizio di Epidemiologia, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico,; Aviano, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To facilitate the quantitative comparison of AIDS incidence statistics between countries and with other diseases using statistics based on age-standardized incidence rates instead of absolute number of cases. DESIGN: AIDS incidence rates for 19 countries belonging to the World H
Nissenson AR; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
Knowledge continues to grow on the biology of endogenous erythropoietin (EPO), its effects on red blood cell physiology, and the use of the recombinant form of the hormone. In addition to oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption may be important in stimulating EPO production. This production is likely mediated by an intrac
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):767-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077994
Carrier F; McCary JM; Bae I; Yarosh DB; Fornace AJ Jr; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We have studied the UV responsiveness of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and HeLa cell lines transfected with a CAT reporter gene under the control of the HIV-1 LTR promoter. XP fibroblasts grown in 10% newborn bovine serum (NBS) were three times more responsive to UV radiation than cells grown in 10% fetal calf serum (FCS
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):775-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077995
Papp B; Zhang D; Groopman JE; Byrn RA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, New England Deaconess Hospital,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
Ceramide, an intracellular lipid mediator of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) action, was studied for its effects on the expression of the proviral human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome in latently infected myelomonocytic cell lines U-1IIIB and OM-10.1. Ceramide treatment resulted in a 20- to 100-fold enha
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):781-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077996
Rautonen J; Rautonen N; Martin NL; Wara DW; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; 94143.
Tat is a potent trans-activating protein encoded by the HIV genome. It is essential for viral replication, but has pleiotropic effects on host cells as well. We demonstrated that exogenous recombinant Tat increases immunoglobulin (Ig) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) production in vitro by normal uninfected peripheral blood m
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):787-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077997
Lopalco L; Ciccomascolo F; Lanza P; Zoppetti G; Caramazza I; Leoni F; Beretta A; Siccardi AG; Centro San Luigi, Istituto Scientifico H San Raffaele, Milan,; Italy.
Several groups have reported that sulfated polysaccharides are potent and selective in vitro inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1); however, their therapeutic application is limited by their anticoagulant activity. In view of possible improvements in therapeutic potential, a number of heparin deriv
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):795-802. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077998
Denis M; Ghadirian E; Pulmonary Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
In this study, we examined the impact of the predominantly Th2-type lymphokines interleukin 13 (IL-13) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) on acute infection of human bronchoalveolar macrophages with a macrophage-tropic isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Addition of 0.01-10 ng of IL-4 or IL-13 per milliliter
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):803-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95077999
Okada T; Patterson BK; Otto PA; Gurney ME; Department of Cell, Molecular, and Structural Biology,; Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611.
The third variable domain (V3 domain) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 is a major determinant of phenotypic variability. The V3 domain of HIV-1 has many basic amino acid residues. Lymphocytotropic HIV-1 tends to have a V3 domain with a higher density of positive charge tha
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):813-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078000
Kozlowski PA; Chen D; Eldridge JH; Jackson S; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294.
Quantitative analysis for HIV-1-specific antibodies present in IgA and IgG preparations purified from the serum of HIV-seropositive individuals indicated that the proportion of HIV-specific antibodies present within the IgG isotype was seven times greater than the proportion of IgA HIV antibodies present within the Ig
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):823-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078001
Pinto LA; Dalgleish AG; Sumar N; Poulton TA; Division of Immunology, St. George's Hospital Medical School,; London, United Kingdom.
Mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the HIV-1 gp120 envelope protein were screened for their reactivity with intracellular antigens expressed in normal uninfected monocytes by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. Some of these MAbs reacted with the nuclei of normal uninfected cells, producin
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):839-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078003
Daniel MD; Mazzara GP; Simon MA; Sehgal PK; Kodama T; Panicali DL; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772-9102.
Eighteen rhesus monkeys were vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing SIVmac antigens in 3 separate rounds of experiments. Twelve of the monkeys were primed with a trivalent vaccinia virus recombinant expressing Gag, Pol, and Env polypeptides that can assemble into SIV pseudovirion particles and boosted
Subunit vaccines based on recombinant proteins have proved useful for inducing antibody responses and they are safe for widespread use because they do not contain any live components. Unfortunately, they do not typically induce the types of cell-mediated immune responses required to control viral pathogens; specifical
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):863-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078005
Rosenberg YJ; Zack PM; Leon EC; White BD; Papermaster SF; Hall E; Greenhouse JJ; Eddy GA; Lewis MG; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
The decline in CD4/CD8 ratios in lymph nodes (LNs) of SIV macaques and HIV-infected individuals occurs later than that in blood. In a previous study, long-term SIV-infected macaques were delineated into two groups: (1) those whose LNs had normal CD4/CD8 ratios and (2) those whose LNs had low CD4/CD8 ratios. In the pre
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):877-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U09667
Janssens W; Heyndrickx L; Fransen K; Motte J; Peeters M; Nkengasong JN; Ndumbe PM; Delaporte E; Perret JL; Atende C; et al; Department of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Tropical; Medecine, Antwerp, Belgium.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1994 Aug;6(4):283-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078076
Rudd RE; Allender J; Mueller CW; Cole R; Auerbach M; Henry R; Seechuk K; Rhodes F; Connell D; Ager J; et al; Department of Health and Social Behavior, Harvard School of; Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
Seeking to avoid duplication of effort, evaluators from twelve separate HIV-related training programs worked together to share information, assessment tools, measurement instruments, and preliminary findings across programs. Each training program focused on preparing health care professionals to meet the growing deman
AIDS Educ Prev. 1994 Aug;6(4):296-309. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078077
Nyamathi AM; Flaskerud J; Bennett C; Leake B; Lewis C; School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024-6918.
This paper evaluates and contrasts the effectiveness of two culturally sensitive AIDS education programs developed by the UCLA AIDS Nursing Network and delivered to 213 impoverished Latina homeless or drug-addicted women in Los Angeles. The Comprehensive Health Seeking and Coping Paradigm guided the program, which was
Although studies have looked at school teachers beliefs and attitudes toward AIDS and students with HIV/AIDS, none have specifically addressed teachers intentions and attitudes toward teaching HIV/AIDS education. This study examines and predicts elementary school teachers intentions to teach their students about HI
AIDS Educ Prev. 1994 Aug;6(4):322-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078079
Trad PV; Child and Adolescent Outpatient Department, Cornell University; Medical Center, Westchester Division, White Plains, New York; 10605.
Epidemiologic studies indicate that HIV infection is on the rise within the adolescent population. Much of this increase has been attributed to the teenager s developmental proclivity for risk-taking behavior. Intervention programs designed to curtail high-risk behaviour among adolescents have focused primarily on edu
AIDS Educ Prev. 1994 Aug;6(4):339-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078080
Walter HJ; Vaughan RD; Ragin DF; Cohall AT; Kasen S; Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, NY.
Using data from a cross-sectional survey of 926 predominantly black and Hispanic ninth through twelfth graders in three New York City public high schools, the explanatory power of theoretically and empirically derived predictors (i.e., demographic, contextual, and cognitive) of intentions to engage in sexual intercour
AIDS Educ Prev. 1994 Aug;6(4):351-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078081
Kall K; Department of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institute, St. Goran's; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
The risk for sexual transmission of HIV to noninjecting partners of injecting drug users in the course of their drug-using career was analyzed in a study of sexual behavior among 200 detained injecting drug users at the Remand Prison in Stockholm. Of the 194 who reported sexual intercourse during the last three years,
AIDS Educ Prev. 1994 Aug;6(4):365-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078082
Herek GM; Capitanio JP; Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis; 95616-8686.
AIDS educational programs can be effective only to the extent that they are perceived as credible by their target audiences. In this study, public trust associated with AIDS was assessed in a national telephone survey. African-Americans were more likely than whites to express distrust of doctors and scientists concern
Zucker-Franklin D; Pancake BA; Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, NY; 10016.
Although an association between the human T cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-I and II) and cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) has long been suspected, only a minor fraction of patients with this disease have antibodies to the viral structural proteins. However, the consistent finding of HTLV-like particles in cultures of
Costagliola DG; de Montalembert M; Lefrere JJ; Briand C; Rebulla P; Baruchel S; Dessi C; Fondu P; Karagiorga M; Perrimond H; et al; B3E, INSERM U263 and SC4, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie,; France.
To study the relationship between the dose of desferrioxamine (DFX) and the progression of the HIV-1 disease in thalassaemia major patients (TMP), 64 seropositive TMP patients were studied. Cumulative incidence of CDC stage IV was calculated using a non-parametric life-table method. The association with the mean daily
Rodriguez JM; Arias-Diaz J; Figueredo MA; Torres-Melero J; Garcia-Carreras C; Escobar C; Gomez de la Concha E; Balibrea JL; Departamento de Cirugia, Hospital Universitario San Carlos,; Madrid, Espana.
The effects of LCT-based lipid emulsions used in TPN on immune system remains controversial. In this prospective study we research the effects of three types of TPN on T-lymphocyte subsets and NK cells. 21 patients diagnosed because of upper gastrointestinal carcinoma (UGIC), and amenable of curative surgery were incl
Matsuda J; Tsukamoto M; Gohchi K; Gotoh M; Saitoh N; Kawamoto M; Takizawa N; Kanno T; Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine,; Tokyo, Japan.
We developed and evaluated an automated screening test for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) using EDTA-2Na-treated whole blood and an extract of paper disk-absorbed dried whole blood from 60 hemophiliacs infected with HIV-1 and 210 diseased and healthy controls. The specificity and the sensitivi
Lecuit M; Oksenhendler E; Sarfati C; Department of Immunology and Hematology, Hopital Saint Louis,; Paris, France.
Disseminated microsporidian infection in patients with AIDS has been recently reported and is associated with the genus Encephalitozoon and the newly described genus Septata. We report a case of symptomatic, disseminated intestinal, urinary, nasal, and ocular microsporidian infection in a patient with AIDS. A dramatic
Fong IW; Read S; Wainberg MA; Chia WK; Major C; Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario,; Canada.
Rapid progression of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to AIDS after seroconversion is rare; it has been associated with coinfection by cytomegalovirus or human T lymphotrophic virus type I. We describe an alcoholic patient whose condition progressed to AID
Weber R; Sauer B; Spycher MA; Deplazes P; Keller R; Ammann R; Briner J; Luthy R; Department of Medicine (Divisions of Infectious Diseases and; Gastroenterology), University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
We describe two patients with AIDS and chronic diarrhea in whom the microsporidian Septata intestinalis was detected with use of light and electron microscopic coprodiagnostic techniques. The ultrastructure of the microsporidian spores found in their stool specimens was distinctly different from that of Enterocytozoon
We report a case of a 46-year-old HIV-infected patient suffering Rhodococcus equi pneumonia and septicaemia. After the failure of an initial antibiotic treatment, the upper lobe of the right lung was resected due to a cavitating pneumonia. After that the patient stabilized for a period of 7 months by administration of
The effectiveness of a zidovudine prophylaxis to decrease vertical HIV transmission was tested in a multi-centre (59 clinics in the USA and France ), randomised, placebo-controlled study. The mother was given zidovudine orally from the 14th gestational week and intravenously during
Rhodes T; Donoghoe M; Hunter G; Soteri A; Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Charing Cross; and Westminster Medical School, University of London, UK.
The importance of sharing injecting equipment in the transmission dynamics of HIV is well established. Comparatively less is known about the sexual behaviour of drug injectors and the risks posed to themselves and their sexual partners through the sexual transmission of HIV. Findings are reported from survey-based int
BACKGROUND. Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection can result in major complications in immunocompromised infants and children. CMV pneumonia may be difficult to diagnose and the true pathogenic role of the virus in the disease is not always clear. This report describe
This paper is a report of a consensus conference held by the Societe de pathologie infectieuse de langue francaise on diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases in females (HIV and hepatitis B being excluded). Three subjects are concerned. 1) Diagnosis and medical treatment of salpingitis, with particula
J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1994 Jun 17;656(2):389-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079045
Zhou XJ; Sommadossi JP; Department of Pharmacology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294.
A specific and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay with precolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection was developed for the determination of 3 -amino-3 -deoxythymidine (AMT), a recently characterized toxic catabolite of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (zidovudine,
Wilcox CM; Karowe MW; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, GA 30303.
With the advent of transplantation and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), esophageal infections are now a common medical problem. The most common infections involving immunocompromised nonhuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients include viral disease (herpes simplex virus and
Br Med Bull. 1994 Jul;50(3):560-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079200
Vousden KH; Farrell PJ; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London, UK.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), HTLV-I and some human papillomaviruses (HPVs) appear to contribute to the development of a large proportion of certain human cancers. Although the epidemiological evidence linking infection with these viruses to malignancies is generally convincing, only for the HPVs
C R Acad Sci III. 1994 Jan;317(1):85-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079259
Gosselin G; Mathe C; Bergogne MC; Aubertin AM; Kirn A; Schinazi RF; Sommadossi JP; Imbach JL; Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, URA CNRS 488, Universite de; Montpellier-II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpellier,; France.
2 ,3 -dideoxy-beta-L-cytidine (beta-L-DDC) and its 5-fluoro derivative (beta-L-5-F-DDC) have been stereospecifically synthesized by a multi-step reaction sequence from L-xylose and their anti-HIV properties examined. Among these two L-enantiomers, the hitherto unknown beta-L-5-F-DDC emerged as a potent anti-HIV-1 and
Can J Public Health. 1994 Jul-Aug;85(4):239-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079310
Duff FP; King SM; Lapointe N; Read S; Forbes J; Allen U; Division of Infectious Disease, Hospital for Sick Children,; Toronto, ON.
OBJECTIVE: To define the burden of illness and the demographic characteristics of perinatally HIV exposed children in Canada . METHODS: Two national surveys of children born to HIV-infected mothers were conducted. The first survey captured information on all known cases up to March
Can J Public Health. 1994 Jul-Aug;85(4):259-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079314
Fortin C; Boyer R; Duval B; Nadeau D; Godin G; Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval,; OC.
A mail survey on several medical and social issues surrounding the AIDS epidemic was conducted among Quebec physicians of a random sample. Of 1,530 physicians, 879 (57.5%) returned their completed questionnaire. Results show that the majority of physicians (79.3%) considered AIDS as a priority. A large proportion of p
Can J Public Health. 1994 Jul-Aug;85(4):264-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079315
Myers T; Millson M; Rigby J; Rankin J; Mindell W; Department of Health Administration, University of Toronto, ON.
OBJECTIVE: This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the determinants of selected behavioural predispositions toward HIV prevention among injection drug users. METHOD: An exploratory factor analysis was used to group attitudinal, behavioural intention and change statements into five predisposing factors and the co
Can J Public Health. 1994 Jul-Aug;85 Suppl 1:S41-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079323
Oxman AD; Scott EA; Sellors JW; Clarke JH; Millson ME; Rasooly I; Frank JW; Naus M; Goldblatt E; Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton,; Ontario.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of alternative partner notification strategies for gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, HIV and hepatitis B. Data sources: Studies were identified using MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCISEARCH and other databases, review of reference lists and personal contact with over 80 international experts.
Can J Public Health. 1994 Jul-Aug;85 Suppl 1:S48-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079324
Rasooly I; Millson ME; Frank JW; Naus M; Coates RA; Oxman AD; Scott EA; Sellors JW; Clark J; Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, University; of Toronto, Ontario.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the range of practice for sexually transmitted disease (STD) contact tracing/partner notification (PN) by public health agencies in Canada . METHODS: A two-level mailed survey, using two different questionnaires, was conducted from Aug. 1991 to Feb. 1992, dire
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1994 Nov;39(5):332-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079451
Zeng ZC; Tang ZY; Liu KD; Lu JZ; Cai XJ; Xie H; Liver Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical University, P.R. China.
Human anti-(murine Ig) antibody (HAMA) responses were monitored in 32 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing radioimmunotherapy using 131I-labeled anti-HCC monoclonal antibody (Hepama-1 mAb) intrahepatic arterial infusion. Dosages of Hepama-1 mAb ranged from 5 mg to 20 mg and the mAb was
Murray PA; Dept. of Periodontics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of; New Jersey, New Jersey Dental School, Newark.
A multitude of oral lesions, including unique forms of periodontal disease, have been discovered in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although the frequency of HIV-associated periodontal diseases appears to be less than previously thought, many researchers agree that an important factor
The spreading of AIDS in the RSA occurs mainly through sexual transmittance, therefore people that divulge in high risk behaviour must be motivated to change their behaviour to such an extend that they won t expose themselves as well as other people to HIV infection. An AIDS tragedy in SA can only be averted by preven
Okuda K; Yamanaka A; Kubodera T; Ikeda M; Takozoe I; Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, Japan.
The cultivable subgingival bacterial flora from three HIV-seropositive and CD4 cell depleted children with hemophilia were examined in this study. The numbers of CD4 cells of the subjected children ranged from 4.9 to 16.3 per mm3 blood. Streptococcus species, including, beta-hemolytic streptococcus identified as Strep
Venkataraman M; Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital Medical Center,; University of Health Sciences, Chicago Medical School, Illinois.
To better understand the effects of freezing on various immunocompetent cell functions, the interleukin-6 (IL-6)-producing activities of frozen peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy subjects were determined. Frozen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated PBMCs produced significantly larger quantities of
Koziel H; Haley K; Nasser I; Filderman AE; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Deaconess; Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.
We describe two patients with AIDS who developed new diffuse pulmonary infiltrates during the course of their hospitalization. In both cases, the infiltrates were attributed to pulmonary hemorrhage complicating an existing condition rather than representing a new pulmonary process. Identification of pulmonary hemorrha
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1994 Aug;36(1):33-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079975
Wells EA; Clark LL; Calsyn DA; Saxon AJ; Jackson TR; Wrede AF; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of; Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
This study sought to identify differences within injection drug using (IDU) couples in reporting of sexual and needle risk behavior. Subjects were thirty-nine heterosexual couples entering methadone maintenance. In 33.3% of couples, one member reported sharing needles while the other member reported no sharing. In 12.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1994 Aug;36(1):39-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079976
Chilcoat HD; Munoz A; Vlahov D; Anthony JC; NIH/NIDA, Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.
Prospective studies of rare outcomes, such as HIV seroconversion or obsessive-compulsive disorder, can often result in small sample sizes with limited power for detecting associations. For this reason, it is useful to develop graphical procedures that enable researchers to depict uncertainty around parameter estimates
EMBO J. 1994 Dec 1;13(23):5559-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95080240
Benkirane M; Jeang KT; Devaux C; Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Infections Retrovirales, CNRS; UPR9008 et INSERM U249, Montpellier, France.
The role played by the cytoplasmic domain of the CD4 molecule in the process of HIV infection was investigated, using A2.01 cells which express different forms of the CD4 gene. A delay in HIV production was consistently observed in cells expressing a truncated CD4 which lacks the cytoplasmic domain (CD4.401) compared
FEBS Lett. 1994 Dec 12;356(1):94-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95080437
Okumura K; Takagi S; Sakaguchi G; Naito K; Minoura-Tada N; Kobayashi H; Mimori T; Hinuma Y; Igarashi H; Shionogi Institute for Medical Science, Osaka, Japan.
We have identified and analyzed a 27-nucleotide sequence (U5 repressive element, designated as U5RE) at the U5 region of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) long terminal repeat (LTR) which is required for HTLV-I basal transcriptional repression. The basal promoter strength of constructs that contained del
The number of HIV-infected female patients undergoing surgery is increasing. Injuries of the surgeon can never be completely excluded. The risk of HIV infection via a needle puncture lesion is estimated to be approximately 0.4%. Besides the well-known protective measures, careful wound disinfection followed by HIV tes
Temkin E; University of Connecticut School of Nursing, Storrs.
In the early 1900s, nurses, feminists, and social reformers focused on venereal disease as a symbol of women s powerlessness. Authors in popular literature and nursing journals debated the ethics of the medical secret, whereby physicians collaborated with their male patients to keep wives uninformed of the risk of inf
Bradley-Springer LA; New Mexico AIDS Education and Training Center.
The forecast for the HIV epidemic in the United States includes increasing numbers of infected women and children, the latter of whom will be born to infected mothers. As the epidemic progresses, nurses will be more frequently called on to assist women in making difficult reproductive
Gitnick G; Division of Digestive Diseases, UCLA School of Medicine.
The current literature fails to address the long-term course of hepatitis infection in the immunocompromised patient, in large part because of the characteristically slow progression of this disease. An overview of the literature available fails to demonstrate evidence that immunosuppression per se promotes progressio
Int J Cancer. 1994 Dec 15;59(6):796-801. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95080859
Plaksin D; Porgador A; Vadai E; Feldman M; Schirrmacher V; Eisenbach L; Department of Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science,; Rehovot, Israel.
The therapeutic efficacy of active immunization with B16-F10.9 melanoma cells transfected with syngeneic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I genes, modified by infection with Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) or modified by both treatments, was compared. B16-F10.9 tumor-bearing mice were treated at various stag
You JC; McHenry CS; Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Health; Sciences Center, Denver 80262.
During the initial stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, 5 -terminally redundant (R ) DNA, the minus strand synthesized as the complement of the 5 -long terminal repeat (LTR) terminal redundancy, must anneal to the 3 -LTR RNA to enable template transfer. The (R )DNA sequences contain the site invol
Dolan J; Desselberger U; Regional Virus Laboratory, East Birmingham Hospital, UK.
Conserved regions of the gag, pol, and env genes of HIV-1 pBH10 DNA (gag nucleotides(nt)1520-1665, pol nt 2326-2663, env nt 7192-7333; Ratner et al., 1985) were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using oligonucleotides complementary to the termini of these regions as primers. Primer areas of the amplifie
Lee LH; Wang YH; Shien JH; Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing; University, Taichung, Taiwan.
A labeled avidin-biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (LAB-ELISA) for detecting antibodies to avian reovirus (ARV) in chicken sera was developed and compared with conventional ELISA. Purified ARV, biotin-labeled rabbit anti-chicken IgG conjugate, and horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin were used in the LAB-ELISA
Jaeger P; Otto S; Speck RF; Villiger L; Horber FF; Casez JP; Takkinen R; Policlinic of Medicine, University Hospital, Berne, Switzerland.
Several endocrine functions have been found disturbed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, no information is available on parathyroid function in these patients. Six patients with AIDS and 10 healthy volunteers underwent an EDTA infusion to induce hypocalcemia and stimulate PTH secretio
Besnard NC; Andre PM; Laboratoire de Bacteriologie-Virologie, Centre; Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pontchaillou, Rennes, France.
An automated reverse transcription-PCR was developed for the quantitative detection of hepatitis C virus. The quantitation is based on the coamplification and labelling with digoxigenin-dUTP during PCR of two similar templates, the viral genome and a modified RNA which acts as a mimic target. Known amounts of the mimi
Zhang M; Gong J; Iyer DV; Jones BE; Modlin RL; Barnes PF; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Tuberculosis causes more extensive and life-threatening disease in patients with HIV infection than in immunocompetent persons. To investigate the hypothesis that these severe manifestations of tuberculosis may be due to alterations in cytokine production, we evaluated cytokine patterns in HIV-infected tuberculosis pa
Yedidia MJ; Barr JK; Berry CA; Health Research Program, Wagner Graduate School of Public; Service, New York University, NY 10003.
Physicians responses to AIDS at different career stages and in different specialties were studied by surveying house staff (N = 438), faculty (N = 363), and applicants (N = 487) at six residency programs in internal medicine and six in surgery. House staff had more negative outlooks than senior medical students and f
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5359-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081583
Adkins B; Hamilton K; Department of Pathology, University of Miami Medical School, FL; 33136.
In earlier studies on chimeric animals, we found that fetal thymocytes produced peripheral T lymphocyte populations depleted of CD4+ cells. This occurred whether the fetal thymocytes matured in the presence of adult or fetal thymic stromal cells. In contrast, fetal liver cells that differentiated in the adult thymus g
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5373-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081585
Asano M; Ishida Y; Sabe H; Kondo M; Sugamura K; Honjo T; Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto; University, Japan.
We have generated transgenic mice expressing the human (h) IL-2R beta-chain on lymphoid cells under the control of the mouse H-2Kd promoter. Spleen cells and thymocytes of the transgenic mice were cultured in the presence of 5 nM hIL-2. After a 10-day culture, the expanded populations were analyzed by flow cytometry a
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5402-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081588
Epperson DE; Pober JS; Molecular Cardiobiology Program, Boyer Center for Molecular; Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; 06536.
We characterized the response of resting human CD8 T cells to allogeneic endothelial cells (EC). Both resting and IFN-gamma-pretreated EC stimulate similar CD8 T cell proliferative responses (peak, day 5 to 6), whereas only IFN-gamma-pretreated EC stimulate CD4 T cells. The response increases with increasing numbers o
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5659-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081614
Pericle F; Giovarelli M; Colombo MP; Ferrari G; Musiani P; Modesti A; Cavallo F; Di Pierro F; Novelli F; Forni G; CNR Center for Immunogenetics and Experimental Oncology; University of Turin, Italy.
A retroviral infection was used to introduce the cDNA coding for mouse IL-4 into the parental cells of a spontaneous adenocarcinoma of BALB/c mice (TS/A-pc). Four clones releasing between 5 to 40 U of IL-4 (10(5) cells) in 48 h culture were selected. The secretion of IL-4 does not affect their in vitro growth, whereas
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5674-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081615
Su HC; Orange JS; Fast LD; Chan AT; Simpson SJ; Terhorst C; Biron CA; Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence,; RI 02912.
In vivo NK cell responses to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus were studied in CD8+ T cell-deficient mice. On day 7 after infection, dramatically elevated splenic NK cell activities were observed in both beta 2-microglobulin-negative (beta 2-m-/-) mice deficient in CD8+ T cells and anti-CD8-treated C57BL/6 animals. T
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5790-801. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081627
Brodie SJ; Sasseville VG; Reimann KA; Simon MA; Sehgal PK; Ringler DJ; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, New England; Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA 01772-9102.
Infection of macrophages (M phi) in vitro with M phi-tropic isolates of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) did not affect killing of Cryptococcus neoformans up to 16 days after inoculation (p
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5819-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081630
Nakao A; Nakajima H; Tomioka H; Nishimura T; Iwamoto I; Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba University School of; Medicine, Japan.
To determine whether the induction of Th2 cell tolerance down-regulates Ag-induced eosinophil recruitment into the tissue, we studied the effect of the in vivo pretreatment with anti-ICAM-1 mAb, anti-LFA-1 mAb, and a soluble Ag on Ag-induced eosinophil infiltration in the trachea of sensitized mice. The in vivo pretre
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5826-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081631
Otake K; Fujii Y; Nakaya T; Nishino Y; Zhong Q; Fujinaga K; Kameoka M; Ohki K; Ikuta K; Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Nagoya University; School of Medicine, Japan.
Our previous studies have shown that the HIV-1 Nef Ag is expressed, at least in part, on the surface of infected cells. We demonstrated this by using membrane immunofluorescence and flow cytometry with Nef murine mAbs. To identify the domain of Nef exposed on the cell surface, epitope mapping of these and a new mAb wa
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5849-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081633
Shen L; Chen ZW; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.
The importance of the repertoire of a primed, AIDS virus-specific population of CTL in the recognition of emerging mutant viruses was assessed in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus monkeys. These studies were done by using the well-characterized CTL recognition of the SIVmac Gag peptide 11C (p11C) epi
Mercieca J; Matutes E; Dearden C; MacLennan K; Catovsky D; Academic Department of Haematology and Cytogenetics, Royal; Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
PURPOSE: To assess the results of treatment with the purine analog 2 deoxycoformycin (pentostatin [DCF]) in patients with postthymic T-cell malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-five patients with postthymic T-cell malignancies were given DCF intravenously at 4 mg/m2/wk for the first 4 weeks and then e
Dimopoulos MA; Kantarjian H; Weber D; O'Brien S; Estey E; Delasalle K; Rose E; Cabanillas F; Keating M; Alexanian R; Department of Hematology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson; Cancer Center, Houston.
PURPOSE: To assess the activity of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2CdA) as primary therapy for patients with Waldenstrom s macroglobulinemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 2CdA was given to 26 consecutive, previously untreated and symptomatic patients with Waldenstrom s macroglobulinemia. Two courses were administered to outpatients
JAMA. 1994 Dec 21;272(23):1832-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95082102
Lurie P; Avins AL; Phillips KA; Kahn JG; Lowe RA; Ciccarone D; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; California-San Francisco.
OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of voluntary counseling and testing of US hospital inpatients for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DATA SOURCES--Data for entry into the model were derived from a review of the literature, consultation with experts, and consensus of the authors. DATA EXTRACTION--We
JAMA. 1994 Dec 28;272(24):1915-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95082130
Melnick SL; Sherer R; Louis TA; Hillman D; Rodriguez EM; Lackman C; Capps L; Brown LS Jr; Carlyn M; Korvick JA; et al; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7620.
OBJECTIVE--To compare disease progression and mortality between women and men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN--Multicenter cohort. SETTING--Seventeen community-based centers participating in the Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA). PATIENTS--A total of 768 wome
Med Hypotheses. 1994 Aug;43(2):75-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95082653
Harris PJ; AIDS Clinical Research Center of Washington, DC 20009.
Since early descriptions of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the 1980s most of our research effort has been focused on a singular population, the CD4 cell population. Numerous investigations have been done into why there is a gradual diminution in CD4 counts; therapeutic interventions have focused on rais
Griffith BP; Booss J; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, Connecticut.
This article concentrates primarily on infections of viral origin, although numerous microorganisms can infect the fetal and newborn brain (see Tables 1 and 2). Intrauterine infections occur most often for HIV, CMV and rubella, whereas HSV is preferentially tran
The presence of a third long open reading frame (ORF3) is the common feature of a number of Drosophila retrotransposons, including MDG4 (gypsy). Thus, these elements have a strong structural resemblance to the integrated forms of vertebrate retroviruses. To elucidate the mode of expression of ORF3, transcription analy
N Engl J Med. 1995 Jan 5;332(1):12-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95082833
McClain KL; Leach CT; Jenson HB; Joshi VV; Pollock BH; Parmley RT; DiCarlo FJ; Chadwick EG; Murphy SB; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; TX.
BACKGROUND. Children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have an unusually high incidence of smooth-muscle tumors (leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas) in addition to malignant lymphomas. We tested the hypothesis that the smooth-muscle tumors in these children are associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
N Engl J Med. 1995 Jan 5;332(1):19-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95082834
Lee ES; Locker J; Nalesnik M; Reyes J; Jaffe R; Alashari M; Nour B; Tzakis A; Dickman PS; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center,; PA.
BACKGROUND. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, some lymphomas, and lymphoproliferative disease after organ transplantation. Many lymphoproliferative tumors that occur after transplantation are clonal, a property that classifies them as neoplastic. Clonality can be determined by
Kuroda Y; Matsui M; Kikuchi M; Kurohara K; Endo C; Yukitake M; Matsuda Y; Tokunaga O; Komine-Sakaki A; Kawaguchi R; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Japan.
Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization, we investigated the HTLV-I genome in the CNS of an HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patient with a 20-year disease duration. Neuropathologically, there was severe white matter degeneration throughout the spinal cord, bu
de Toffol B; Vidailhet M; Gray F; Besnier JM; Menage P; Lescs MC; Choutet P; Autret A; Clinique Neurologique, C.H.U. Bretonneau, Tours, France.
We describe the case of a human immunodeficiency virus-infected 34-year-old man with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). His case displayed unusual features, including a bizarre movement disorder, predominant involvement of the subcortical U fibers on neuropathologic examination, and the absence of MRI a
Pathol Res Pract. 1994 May;190(5):436-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95083486
Ohshima K; Kikuchi M; Sumiyoshi Y; Kobari S; Yoneda S; Takeshita M; Kimura N; First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka; University, Japan.
In order to thoroughly characterize the clonal population of lymphoid hyperplasia of the orbit and conjunctiva, we investigated six cases which were histologically proven to be benign lymphoid hyperplasia. We analyzed the clonal rearrangements of the antigen receptors and bcl-2 gene, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and huma
Mod Pathol. 1994 Aug;7(6):647-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95083572
Climent C; DeVinatea ML; Lasala G; Ie SO; Velez R; Colon L; Mullick FG; Department of Pathology, University of Puerto Rico School of; Medicine, San Juan.
Postmortem histopathological changes in 100 adult patients with AIDS who died in Puerto Rico from 1982 to 1991 were studied and tabulated. Modes of HIV transmission were reviewed. Patient ages ranged from 21 to 60 yr. Gender composition for the patient group was 83 men (average
Mod Pathol. 1994 Aug;7(6):685-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95083578
de Chadarevian JP; Lischner HW; Karmazin N; Pawel BR; Schultz TE; Department of Pathology, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
This report describes the case of a 14-yr-old hemophiliac who died of complications of primary pulmonary hypertension. He was infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The autopsy disclosed that he also had membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type III and hepatic cirrhosis, both clinically unsuspected. This
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Dec 6;91(25):11811-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95083592
Clerici M; Sarin A; Coffman RL; Wynn TA; Blatt SP; Hendrix CW; Wolf SF; Shearer GM; Henkart PA; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
In vitro T-cell receptor-induced programmed cell death in both activated T cells from human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative (HIV-) donors and resting T cells from HIV+ donors was substantially influenced by cytokines. Addition of exogenous recombinant type 1 lymphokines interferon gamma and interleukin 2 (
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Dec 6;91(25):12273-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95083684
Carpenter S; Fehr MJ; Kraus GA; Petrich JW; Department of Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
Hypericin is a naturally occurring photosensitizer that displays potent antiviral activity in the presence of light. The absence of light in many regions of the body may preclude the use of hypericin and other photosensitizers as therapeutic compounds for the treatment of viral infections in vivo. The chemiluminescent
Mastruzzo L; Woisard A; Ma DD; Rizzarelli E; Favre A; Le Doan T; Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS URA 401, Paris, France.
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed against a 24-mer RNA derived from the long terminal repeat (LTR) region of HIV were linked to proto- and methylpyrroporphyrin and their zinc derivatives. The oligonucleotide-porphyrin conjugates were tested for their ability to induce photodamage on the target RNA. Upon hybridi
Valverde V; Duplan H; Knibiehler M; Masson JM; Institut National des Sciences Appliquees, CNRS, Toulouse,; France.
Heterologous expression in Escherichia coli is often limited by yield and solubility of the foreign protein in the bacterial cytoplasm. In many cases, overexpression also results in growth inhibition. In order to produce retroviral proteins that are especially difficult to overexpress in E. coli, we designed a set of
Raimond J; Plessis C; Fargette F; Legrand A; Hebert E; Centre de Biophysique Moleculaire, Orleans, France.
We have developed a vector that allows high and transactivable expression of inserted genes. The vector contains a transcription unit in which the LTR from HIV flanks a multicloning site. The plasmid is based on the EBV p205 plasmid, which allows stable replication in human cells. The ability of the vector to express
Senderovitz T; Viskum K; Department of Pulmonary Medicine P, Bispebjerg Hospital,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
Common for all older studies is the use of less potent anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy as compared with the present. The results of these studies cannot without reservation be used in the present setting. The newer, prospective, randomized placebo-controlled trials include rather few patients and their number is limite
The network theory of autoimmunity is presented with recent experimental data relevant to the understanding of the pathogenesis of AIDS. Schematically, effector T cells specific for self-antigens exist normally, but their activity is modulated and prevented by networks of regulatory T cells. As a result of mimicry bet
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1994 Nov 26;124(47):2119-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95084129
April K; Koster R; AIDS-Aufklarung Schweiz, Zurich.
Analysis of Swiss mortality statistics reveals that from 1980 to 1992 AIDS has become one of the leading causes of death among Swiss women and men aged 25 to 44 years. In 1992 77% (n = 414) of all AIDS-related death cases (n = 540) were in this age group. In the mortality statistics of men aged 25-44 years, AIDS (n =
Omarini LP; Loes SK; Garcia J; Lew D; Kurt AM; Saurat JH; Departement de Radiologie, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire de; Geneve, Switzerland.
Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is newly reported infectious disease observed mainly in HIV-infected patients, caused by a small gram-negative bacillus of the Rochalimea genus. From a purely dermatological presentation similar to that of Kaposi s sarcoma, it may evolve into a systemic disease. Bone lesions seem fairly fre
Danziger R; Department of Public Health & Policy, London School of Hygiene; and Tropical Medicine, England.
This paper highlights some of the main areas of social impact of HIV and AIDS in developing countries and suggests that these must constitute priority areas for action among international and national policy makers, as well as others concerned with HIV and AIDS. The areas of impact which are considered are: economic a
Goldstein DM; Department of Anthropology, University of California at Berkeley; 94704.
This paper compares and problematizes the public discourse on AIDS and sexuality with the actual private discourse of low-income urban women in Brazil . Women s perspectives on sexuality are explored by examining what they say about anal sex, virginity, and fidelity and are seen as
Singer M; Hispanic Health Council, Hartford, CT 06106.
The social identity of HIV/AIDS in the U.S. has been shaped, for the most part, by two factors, the prevailing configuration of social relations across class, racial, gender, and sexual orientation, on the one hand, and the prevailing array of public health, especially epidemiological, categories of disease transmissi
Phillips EH; Carroll BJ; Fallas MJ; Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles,; CA.
Laparoscopic splenectomy was attempted in 16 patients and was performed successfully in 13 (81%) patients with the diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), AIDS-related thrombocytopenia, Hodgkin s disease, or lymphoma. The operative time averaged 157 min, and autologous transfusion was required in four
During 1991 and 1992, 107 HIV infections were diagnosed at Ulleval hospital, Oslo. Previously collected serum specimens from 53 of these persons were tested with different anti-HIV and HIV antigen tests. Some of the sera were also examined for HIV RNA using PCR. Based on these results, the intervals between the last H
Transplantation. 1994 Dec 15;58(11):1277-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95084499
Harcombe AA; Cary NR; Mullins P; Sharples LD; Schofield PM; Large SP; Wallwork J; Weissberg PL; Borysiewicz LK; Department of Medicine, Unit University of Cambridge; Addenbrooke's Hospital, England.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1994 Aug 15;156(33):4690-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95084525
Misfeldt JC
During this century the incidence of gonorrhoea in Greenland has increased continuously and since the late 1960 s syphilis has been reported with two epidemic peaks in 1976 and 1987. In 1986 a systematic intervention strategy was in
Colebunders R; Van den Abbeele K; Fleerackers Y; Bols K; Lachenal M; Van Damme L; Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde, Antwerp, Belgium.
Two AIDS patients, clinically suspected to have cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) pancreatitis are described. The first patient was successfully treated with ganciclovir 10 mg/kg/day. This patient refused ganciclovir maintenance treatmen
Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat. 1994 Jun;40(2):146-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95084764
Modesto Meza J; Aguilera A; Avery AE; Servicio de Varones 3, Hospital Psiquiatrico Santa Rosita,; Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
A report of four AIDS-related psychiatric cases in Honduras is presented. (2,544 AIDS cases have been reported up to April 93. In the sole city of San Pedro Sula, 1,000 cases have been reported). Measures are suggested for an impro
Cirelli A; Ciardi M; Salotti A; Rossi F; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Pisa, Italy.
The authors describe the first case in literature of Gerstmann s syndrome (agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia) occurred in HIV correlated encephalopathy developed as the first severe manifestation of HIV infection in a patient with prevalent white matter neuroradiologic alterations. The PDL rapidly extended from the
Kurtzberg J; Stockman JA 3rd; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Childhood ITP occurs in acute and chronic forms. In general, both diseases are mild and can be managed conservatively. Approaches to therapy are highly controversial and vary widely among pediatricians and academic centers. Approximately 5% of children with ITP will develop chronic disease with severe thrombocytopenia
Pavlakis SG; Frank Y; Nocyze M; Porricolo M; Prohovnik I; Wiznia A; Division of Pediatric Neurology, New York Hospital-Cornell; Medical Center, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, New York.
Ann Intern Med. 1995 Jan 15;122(2):103-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95085152
Kleyman TR; Roberts C; Ling BN; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether pentamidine directly affects the transport of renal ions and thus provides a mechanism for hyperkalemia, which develops in as many as 100% of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who receive pentamidine for more than 6 days. DESIGN: Transepithelial and single-cha
OBJECTIVE: To compare and contrast a managed care program s analysis of differences in hospital mortality with results obtained by accepted statistical methods. DESIGN: A re-analysis of computerized discharge data using the same method used by a managed care program, and using conventional methods of categorical data
Ann R Australas Coll Dent Surg. 1994 Apr;12:94-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95085239
Sutherland DC
The HIV/AIDS pandemic continues to evolve in a volatile and heterogeneous fashion and is now best described as a series of different but related epidemics, all posing their own particular problems. The response to the first decade of the epidemic in Australasia has been effective in a number of ways, but much remains
Moog C; Wick A; Le Ber P; Kirn A; Aubertin AM; INSERM U74, Institut de Virologie, Strasbourg, France.
In the search for new antiviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus, different members of two imidazoheterocycle families (imidazothiazoles, imidazopyridines) have been found to display potent inhibitory effects on the replication of HIV-1. Three of these derivatives, which show significant anti-HIV-1 activity
Teitz Y; Ronen D; Vansover A; Stematsky T; Riggs JL; Department of Human Microbiology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel; Aviv University, Israel.
N-methylisatin-beta 4 :4 -diethylthiosemicarbazone(M-IBDET) and N-allylisatin-beta-4 :4 -diallylthiosemicarbazone(A-IBDAT ) inhibit the production of Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Virus inhibition was related to the thiosemicarbazone derivative (TSCD) concentrations and time of treatment. Inhibition of HIV produ
Rabeneck L; Laine L; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Tex.
BACKGROUND: Currently no consensus exists concerning the timing of upper endoscopy and the choice of antifungal therapy for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus who also have esophageal candidiasis. The objective of this research was to determine the clinical and economic effects of alternative mana
Forseter G; Joline C; Wormser GP; Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and acceptability of zidovudine used for prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission to health care workers. METHODS: Prospective study between January 1989 and December 1992 at a suburban New York City medical center of health care workers who had per
Martin DF; Parks DJ; Mellow SD; Ferris FL; Walton RC; Remaley NA; Chew EY; Ashton P; Davis MD; Nussenblatt RB; National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Md.
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: We performed a randomized controlled clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of a 1 microgram/h ganciclovir implant for the treatment of newly diagnosed cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in pati
Whitcup SM; Dastgheib K; Nussenblatt RB; Walton RC; Pizzo PA; Chan CC; National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Md.
Didanosine, a purine analogue with antiretroviral activity, is used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus disease. Associated toxic effects of didanosine include pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy , and retinopathy. The retinal lesions associated with didan
Csillag AJ; McKinnon A; Todhunter LP; Doust BD; Department of Radiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst,; NSW, Australia.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is a recognized cause of biliary abnormalities in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. In a prospective trial, two of 25 (8%) of AIDS patients on treatment for CMV related infections without biliary symptoms were found to ha
Am J Perinatol. 1994 Sep;11(5):326-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95085609
Backe E; Jimenez E; Unger M; Schafer A; Vocks-Hauck M; Grosch-Worner I; Vogel M; Institut fur Paidopathologie und Plazentologie,; Universitatsklinikum Rudolf Virchow, Berlin, Germany.
We examined 48 placentas of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed pregnancies morphologically for HIV-specific changes and immunohistologically for the presence of HIV antigen and RNA. Findings were correlated to infectious states of the children and maternal risk factors. Few HIV antigen-positive Hofbauer cells
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 Nov-Dec;73(6):421-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95085728
Kerrigan DC; Glenn MB; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Boston, MA; 02114.
The purpose of this report is to illustrate the utility of a gait laboratory as a simple, straightforward aid to psychiatric care. The evaluation and management of a patient with spastic paresis and reduced knee flexion in swing (stiff-legged gait), using quantitative gait analysis, are provided. Spastic quadriceps ac
Telfer P; Sabin C; Devereux H; Scott F; Dusheiko G; Lee C; Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital and School of; Medicine, London.
We have studied morbidity and mortality related to hepatitis C virus infection in haemophilic patients treated at our centre. 11/255 HCV seropositive patients have developed hepatic decompensation. 20 years after first exposure to lyophilized clotting factor concentrate the risk of hepatic decompensation is estimated
Ann Hematol. 1994 Dec;69(6):281-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95086105
Gaidano G; Pastore C; Lanza C; Mazza U; Saglio G; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University; of Turin, Ospedale San Luigi Gonzaga, Italy.
A high frequency of lymphoma in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals has been reported since the outbreak of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in 1982. AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (AIDS-NHL) is almost invariably derived from B cells and
Blood. 1994 Dec 15;84(12):4262-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95086222
Meyaard L; Otto SA; Keet IP; van Lier RA; Miedema F; Department of Clinical Viro-Immunology, The Netherlands Red Cross; Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
In addition to the loss of CD4+ T cells in later stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, functional defects of Th cells can already be observed in early infection. Decreased interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma production by CD4+ T cells and diminished delayed type hypersensitivity reactions a
Bone Marrow Transplant. 1994 Sep;14(3):433-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95086477
Loughran TP Jr; Shriver MK; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle.
HTLV-I and HTLV-II can both be transmitted through blood transfusions. Although the seroprevalence of HTLV-I/II in volunteer blood donors in low, patients with leukemia who received multiple blood transfusions are at increased risk for HTLV-I/II infection. Patients undergoing marrow transplantation for malignant and n
Tall FR; Valian A; Curtis V; Traore A; Nacro B; Cousens S; Diallo I; Traore E; Mertens TH; Service de pediatrie, centre hospitalier national Souro-Sanou,; Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
BACKGROUND--Acute lower respiratory tract infections are the primary cause of morbidity in developing countries. POPULATION AND METHODS--Six hundred and sixty seven children (379 boys, 288 girls, aged 0-30 months) admitted for lower respiratory tract infections from January 1990 to March 1991 were included in the stud
Cancer Invest. 1994;12(6):620-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95086886
Turowski RC; Triozzi PL; Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Arthur G. James Cancer; Hospital and Research Institute, Ohio State University; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus.
A number of potential advantages, development of promising new agents, and the discovery of synergy with cytokines or cell products continue to spur research into the application of chemical immunomodulators for the treatment of cancer and AIDS. In preclinical in vitro and in vivo systems, chemical immunomodulators de
C R Acad Sci III. 1994 Feb;317(2):183-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95086896
Candotti D; Chappey C; Rosenheim M; M'Pele P; Huraux JM; Agut H; Laboratoire de Bacteriologie-Virologie, CNRS EP 57, CERVI,; Hopital de la Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
The overlapping region of gag and pol genes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) also called transframe region, contains the frameshift locus from gag to pol. This region encodes both the protein p6, the function of which remains unclear, and a putative transframe protein covently linked to the N-terminus of
Ultrastructural studies on cell cultures derived from TSP/HAM and ATL patients, show the presence of large quantities of HTLV-I viral particles in extracellular spaces and budding at the cytoplasmic membrane. In addition, mature enveloped particles and images of endopinocytosis of virions are seen in the cytoplasm vac
C R Seances Soc Biol Fil. 1994;188(1):23-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95086914
Galanaud P; Emilie D; INSERM U 131, Clamart.
We characterised the effects of HIV infection on the production of Interleukins in lymphoid organs by studying the expression of the genes for two TH1 type Interleukins, IL2 and Interferon gamma, of two TH2 type Interleukins, IL4 and IL10, and of two proinflammatory Interleukins, IL6 and IL1 beta. Our results show, in
C R Seances Soc Biol Fil. 1994;188(1):39-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95086916
Capron M; Desreumaux P; Gouni AS; Lamkhioued B; Capron A; Centre d'Immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, Institut; Pasteur, Lille, France.
The demonstration that human eosinophils could express various membrane receptors (for IgG, IgE, IgA; for complement; for cytokines; for chemotactic factors), for adhesion molecules (VLA4, LFAI, OKM1), as well as CD4 and class II MHC, has allowed to reconsider the role of eosinophils in immune response. Indeed, eosino
Hsueh FW; Walker CM; Blackbourn DJ; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
CD8+ cell clones have been derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and uninfected individuals. Several of these cloned cells have the ability to suppress HIV replication when cocultured with CD4+ cells acutely infected in the laboratory with HIV or with infected C
Dal Maso J; Grella PV; Gynecology and Obstetric Institute, University of Padua.
In Italy , the number of AIDS cases reported up to September 1993 was 18,832. Of these, 3,544 were women (21%), mainly of fertile age. AIDS in pregnancy has aroused great interest in Italy, mainly due to the extent of the phenomenon, which is not equalled in other Western countries.
Rubbert A; Bock E; Schwab J; Marienhagen J; Nusslein H; Wolf F; Kalden JR; Department of Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg,; Germany.
Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) belong to a heterogeneous group of antibodies directed against negatively charged phospholipids. In patients with rheumatic disorders, their presence has been correlated to the occurrence of thromboembolic complications, thrombocytopenia, abortions and other disease manifestations. Sev
Chensue SW; Warmington KS; Ruth J; Lincoln PM; Kunkel SL; Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Centre, Ann; Arbor, MI 48105.
This study examined the relationship of IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-gamma with regard to the local granuloma (GR) and draining lymph node (LN) response to Schistosoma mansoni eggs. Synchronized GR were induced in naive and schistosome-infected mice at the vigorous (8 weeks) and late chronic (20 weeks) stages. In LN cultures,
Wu Z; Podack ER; McKenzie JM; Olsen KJ; Zakarija M; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33101.
Infiltration of the thyroid gland by lymphocytes is a hall-mark of autoimmune thyroid disease; it is particularly evident in Hashimoto s thyroiditis but is also seen in most patients with Graves disease. Infiltrating cells are comprised primarily of T lymphocytes, of which only a minority appears to be activated. The
Simark-Mattsson C; Bergenholtz G; Jontell M; Tarkowski A; Dahlgren UI; Department of Endodontology/Oral Diagnosis, Goteborg University,; Gothenburg, Sweden.
In order to analyse the clonality of T cells in the inflammatory infiltrate of oral lichen planus (OLP), mucosal biopsies were obtained from seven patients with manifest disease. The biopsies were stained with MoAbs directed against 11 different T cell receptor (TCR) V-gene families, anti-CD4, anti-CD8 and
Brugnoni D; Prati E; Airo P; Castelli F; Cattaneo R; Servizio di Immunologia Clinica, Spedali Civili ed Universita,; Brescia, Italy.
Interaction between the B cell glycoprotein CD40 and its ligand (CD40L), expressed by activated T cells, is of crucial importance in the generation of specific antibody response, which is impaired in HIV+ individuals. We studied the expression of CD40L by lymphocytes activated with PMA plus ionomycin in 17 HIV+ indivi
Sato T; Maguire HC Jr; Mastrangelo MJ; Berd D; Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
Immunizing patients with metastatic melanoma by injection of autologous tumor cells modified by DNP induces inflammatory responses in metastatic masses, which is sometimes associated with tumor regression. To elucidate this phenomenon, we studied the immune response to DNP-modified cells in these patients. All develop
Takao M; Yamawaki T; Suzuki N; Department of Neurology, Mito Red Cross Hospital.
We present a case of HAM with severe orthostatic hypotension. A 62-year-old woman was admitted to Mito Red Cross Hospital because of orthostatic dizziness and severe gait disturbance. Physical examination revealed a severe orthostatic hypotension (142/90 mmHg (supine) vs. 84/70 mmHg (standing)). Neurological examinati
Knapen K; Kerkhofs P; Thiry E; Mammerickx M; National Institute for Veterinary Research, Brussels, Belgium.
Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting antibodies against bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) were evaluated using a representative sample of 145 serum pools, comprising from 3 to 48 individual sera. The sample was constituted according to the frequency di
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1994 Sep;16(5):358-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95087871
Marshall RD; Douglas CJ; New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University College; of Physicians and Surgeons, NY 10032.
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) is a sympathomimetic drug contained in numerous over-the-counter and prescription decongestants and appetite suppressants. A range of adverse effects have been reported, including neuropsychiatric reactions in patients known to be taking recommended doses. Given that psychiatric symptoms are
Int J Addict. 1994 Aug;29(10):1245-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95088040
Sibthorpe B; Lear B; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health,; Australian National University, Canberra ACT.
Injection drug users (IDUs) are at increased risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Intervention programs aimed at reducing the spread of HIV in this population typically incorporate a range of risk reduction strategies, including encouragement to move from injection to noninjection. However, v
Sedhom L; Weiczorek RR; Stepanyk W; Britton S; Clarke L; Torres G; College of Nursing, SUNY-Health Science Center at Brooklyn; 11203-2098.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a pandemic disease with no known cure and limited effective strategies for prevention and control. It is one of the most devastating illnesses in contemporary society, and since 1982, certain populations, including intravenous drug users (IVDU), have been targeted as being
J Immunol. 1995 Jan 1;154(1):171-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95088364
Selvey LA; Morse HC 3rd; June CH; Hodes RJ; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
MAIDS is a retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency syndrome in mice that has similarities to human AIDS. Because the functional defects in B cells from retroviral immunodeficiency syndromes have not been characterized in detail, we examined early and late parameters of B cell responses to IgM cross-linking in B cells from
J Immunol. 1995 Jan 1;154(1):433-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95088392
Luzuriaga K; Holmes D; Hereema A; Wong J; Panicali DL; Sullivan JL; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical; School, Worcester 01605.
HIV-1-specific CTL responses were prospectively evaluated in infants born to HIV-1-seropositive women to assess the capability of the young infant to generate HIV-1-specific CTL and to examine the potential role of HIV-1-specific CTL in the pathogenesis of vertical infection. Our results indicate that some young infan
Nerurkar VR; Song KJ; Bastian IB; Garin B; Franchini G; Yanagihara R; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Sequence variants of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), genetically distinct from cosmopolitan strains of HTLV-I from Japan , the Americas, the Caribbean, and Africa, have been discovered among Melanesians in
Karlsson A; Parsmyr K; Aperia K; Sandstrom E; Fenyo EM; Albert J; Department of Microbiology and Tumor Biology, Karolinska; Institute, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control,; Sweden.
The correlation of the tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates for MT-2 cells with response to zidovudine and didanosine treatment and with development of drug resistance was studied. Patients with MT-2-negative but not MT-2-positive HIV-1 had a significant increase in CD4+ lymphocyte counts du
Conge AM; Reynes J; Atoui N; Huguet MF; Ducos J; Bonardet A; Serre A; Vendrell JP; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale,; Unite 249, Institut de Biologie, Montpellier, France.
As part of a continuous search for surrogate markers of therapeutic efficacy in AIDS, spontaneous in vitro production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was investigated in 50 HIV-1-infected adults. It was independent of CD4+ cell counts, p24 antigenemia, s
Gunthard HF; Gowland PL; Schupbach J; Fung MS; Boni J; Liou RS; Chang NT; Grob P; Graepel P; Braun DG; et al; Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich,; Switzerland.
A phase I/IIA clinical trial with the chimeric mouse-human monoclonal antibody CGP 47,439 to the principal neutralization determinant in the V3 region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strain IIIB envelope protein gp120 is reported. The trial was an uncontrolled single-center, open-label, multidose tolera
Flexner C; van der Horst C; Jacobson MA; Powderly W; Duncanson F; Ganes D; Barditch-Crovo PA; Petty BG; Baron PA; Armstrong D; et al; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Two concentration-controlled trials (CCTs) defined the relationship between plasma concentrations of 3 -deoxy-3 -fluorothymidine (alovudine) and changes in surrogate markers of antiretroviral activity. In an initial open-label CCT involving 14 subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), unacceptable hem
Klein RS; Ho GY; Vermund SH; Fleming I; Burk RD; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New; York.
To determine risk factors for squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) on Pap smear, 253 women at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection had Pap smear, HIV antibody testing, CD4+ cell measurements, and human papillomavirus (HPV) genome detection by Southern blot hybridization. Associated with SIL (P
Gerberding JL; Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of; California, San Francisco.
In a 10-year dynamic cohort study, 976 health care providers were followed a mean of 1.9 years to evaluate the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, delayed seroconversion, and seronegative latent infection following occupational exposures. The seroprevalence and incidence of HIV, hepatitis B virus
Khyatti M; Stefanescu I; Blagdon M; Menezes J; Laboratory of Immunovirology, University of Montreal, Canada.
An NK cell activity-resistant human lymphoid T cell line (CEM-NKr) expressing the transfected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gp350 gene was used in membrane immunofluorescence (MIF) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays to analyze the gp350-specific humoral and ADCC responses in groups of EBV-seropositi
Stevens DL; Bryant AE; Huffman J; Thompson K; Allen RC; Infectious Disease Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Boise, Idaho.
The present study was undertaken to determine if measurement and analysis of phagocyte function are useful for diagnosis and staging of infection. Circulating phagocyte activity was measured in healthy volunteers and sequentially in patients with acute infections of different types and severity, including those with d
Palasanthiran P; Robertson P; Ziegler JB; Graham GG; Department of Paediatric Immunology, Prince of Wales Children's; Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
Transplacental human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies from 11 uninfected and 3 infected infants of HIV-seropositive mothers were measured using end point titration of twofold dilutions of sera by a particle-agglutination method. Four or more sequential serum samples from each infant were collected between birth
Kreiss J; Willerford DM; Hensel M; Emonyi W; Plummer F; Ndinya-Achola J; Roberts PL; Hoskyn J; Hillier S; Kiviat N; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among prostitutes in Nairobi, Kenya , to determine the prevalence and correlates of cervical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA. Ninety-two HIV-seropositive prostitutes were evaluated during 137 clinic visits. Cervical HIV DNA was detected by
Torriani FJ; McCutchan JA; Bozzette SA; Grafe MR; Havlir DV; Department of Medicine and Pathology, University of California,; San Diego.
To study the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteremia, the extent of organ involvement was determined in a retrospective cohort of 44 AIDS patients with MAC bacteremia and complete autopsies between 1988 and 1992. Clinical and microbiologic histories were reviewed and lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bo
Nottet HS; van Asbeck BS; de Graaf L; de Vos NM; Visser MR; Verhoef J; Eijkman-Winkler Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, University; of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) has been proposed as a therapeutic agent for AIDS patients because it reduces human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in stimulated T cells. However, NAC and glutathione enhanced acute HIV-1 replication in monocyte-derived macrophages. Buthionine sulfoximine did not affect NAC
Gordon M; Guralnik M; Kaneko Y; Mimura T; Baker M; Lang W; AJI PHARMA USA, Inc., Teaneck, NJ 07666.
Curdlan sulfate (CRDS) is a semi-synthetic sulfated polysaccharide which has anti-HIV activity in vitro, and inhibits attachment of the virus to T-cells. After two weeks of exposure of virus and cells to CRDS, there is complete inhibition of virus replication. CRDS is also active against
Elkins DA; Torabinejad M; Schmidt RE; Rossi JJ; Kettering JD; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda; University, California.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been previously reported to be present in the dental pulp of a patient with AIDS. The present report investigated the feasibility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to detect the HIV proviral DNA in cells from periradicular lesions from an HIV-positive patient. The
Osborne R; Rigby M; Siebelink K; Neil JC; Jarrett O; MRC Retrovirus Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary; Pathology, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, U.K.
By using a focus reduction assay in CrFK feline fibroblast cells, virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were demonstrated in cats that had been naturally or experimentally infected with FIV. The antigenic relatedness of four strains of FIV, divergent in nucleotide sequence within t
Steffan AM; Lafon ME; Gendrault JL; Koehren F; De Monte M; Royer C; Kirn A; Gut JP; Intitut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U74,; Institut de Virologie de la Faculte de Medecine, Strasbourg,; France.
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) provokes a disease in cats characterized by histopathological lesions similar to those observed in AIDS patients. In order to determine whether endothelial cells from brain microvessels are involved in the central nervous system disease to the same extent as macrophages and microgli
Vidal AU; Gessain A; Yoshida M; Tekaia F; Garin B; Guillemain B; Schulz T; Farid R; De The G; Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.
Proviral DNA was obtained from ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 75 human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected individuals who were either asymptomatic or had adult T cell leukaemia or tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Amplified long terminal repeats (LTRs) were
Klein C; Philippe N; Le Deist F; Fraitag S; Prost C; Durandy A; Fischer A; Griscelli C; Unite d'Immunologie et d'Hematologie, INSERM Unite 132, Paris,; France.
Partial albinism with immunodeficiency is a rare and fatal immunologic disorder characterized by pigmentary dilution and variable cellular immunodeficiency. To define the phenotype, therapy, and outcome, we retrospectively analyzed seven consecutive patients. Primary abnormalities included a silvery-grayish sheen to t
J Med Chem. 1994 Dec 9;37(25):4297-306. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95089020
Kumar R; Wang L; Wiebe LI; Knaus EE; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of; Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
A new class of 5-halo-6-alkoxy(or azido)-5,6-dihydro-3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidines was investigated as potential anti-AIDS drugs. These 5,6-dihydro derivatives, which are also potential prodrugs to 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ), were designed in an e
JAMA. 1995 Jan 4;273(1):35-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95089131
Bedos JP; Chastang C; Lucet JC; Kalo T; Gachot B; Wolff M; Infectious Intensive Care Unit, Bichat-Claude Bernard University; Hospital, Paris, France.
OBJECTIVE--To carry out a descriptive study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with neurological failure and to identify parameters that are predictive of death within 3 months. DESIGN--Case series study. POPULATION AND SETTING--A total of 84 consecutive HI
Yoshioka M; Itoyama Y; Neurology Service, National Iwate Hospital.
Impairment of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) is common during the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. There are evidences of activated immune reactions in the CNS and PNS of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The expression of HIV-1 predomi
Hara H; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University.
Identification of the localization of HTLV-I proviral DNA in the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial to elucidate the pathogenesis of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM)/Tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). We have developed a new sensitive detection method, called two-step PCR in situ hybridization, which enabled u
Tomaru U; Yoshiki T; Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine.
We have established a model of HTLV-I infection in the WKAH rat strain. By inoculating MT-2, an HTLV-I producing human T cell line, HAM rat disease, a demyelinating disease resembling human HAM/TSP, developed in the WKAH rat strain. The affected lesion in the HAM rat disease is distributed symmetrically in the lateral
Nakagawa M; Maruyama Y; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University.
(1) We evaluated efficacy of several treatments for HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) on the basis of our study on 254 HAM patients and of literature review. Improvement of motor disability more than fair response was obtained as follows: 82% in prednisolone, 69% in interferon-alpha, 92% in fosfomycin, 82% in high-do
Ray PE; Bruggeman LA; Weeks BS; Kopp JB; Bryant JL; Owens JW; Notkins AL; Klotman PE; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, National Institute of Dental Research,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
HIV-associated nephropathy is characterized by extensive tubulointerstitial disease with epithelial cell injury, microcystic proliferation, and tubular regeneration with glomerulosclerosis. To explore the role of bFGF as a mediator of HIV-induced interstitial disease, we utilized an HIV transgenic mouse model that man
Gingiss PL; Basen-Engquist K; Dept. of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, TX; 77204-5331.
A statewide, cross-sectional survey was conducted among Texas secondary school teachers to determine the scope of HIV education provided and training needs. Among 269 participants, 199 (75%) taught HIV education. Investigator developed scales measured instructional emphasis, preparation adequacy, desire for future tra
Essunger P; Perelson AS; Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545.
We develop and analyze a set of models for the interaction of HIV with CD4+ T cells. We consider three major subpopulations of T cells: virgin, activated and memory. In our first model we assume that HIV can infect activated cells but not resting cells. We then generalize the model to take into account recent reports
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Oct 22;103(13):490-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95089409
Garcia Rodriguez JF; de Juan Prego J; Vazquez Castro J; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital A. Marcide-Novoa Santos,; El Ferrol, La Coruna.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of registry of tuberculosis and the factors associated to the same. METHODS: A retrospective study of the cases of respiratory tuberculosis diagnosed in the hospital A. Marcide-Novoa Santos (El Ferrol. La Coruna. Spain ) fr
Lancet. 1994 Dec 17;344(8938):1671-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95089466
Mackewicz CE; Yang LC; Lifson JD; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0128.
Acute HIV infection is accompanied by a sharp rise in virus titres that soon fall, but the role of humoral and cellular immunity is not clear in the control of initial virus replication. We have found seven HIV-1 infected subjects who had CD8 T-cell non-cytolytic anti-HIV activity in plasma many months before neutrali
Freuler CB; Durlach RA; Toblli JE; Cicco J; Casas J; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Aleman, Buenos Aires,; Argentina.
Besides the AIDS-related form of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) there are few well-known aggressive types of this disease. These non-epidemic invasive variants of KS have been recognized in young black males of equatorial Africa and in renal transplant recipients after iatrogenic immunosuppression. We report on two white patient
Lozano JL; Crespo J; de la Cruz F; Casafont F; Lopez-Arias MJ; Martin-Ramos L; Pons-Romero F; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital; Marques de Valdecilla, Faculty of Medicine, Santander, Spain.
To analyze the serological, clinical and histological significance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication among a group of patients with chronic delta hepatitis (CDH), we have studied the clinical and the histological activity in 49 patients with CDH. The HBV-DNA was analyzed by dot-blot and polymerase chain reaction
Schlaak JF; Nieder P; Meyer zum Buschenfelde KH; Fleischer B; First Department of Medicine, University of Mainz, Germany.
The aim of this study was to characterize the cytokine secretion patterns of human T helper cells from healthy donors reactive with somatic antigens from various bacteria, the nematode Anisakis and tetanus toxoid. From the peripheral blood of four healthy donors we have established 70 T cell lines reactive with antige
O'Brien ED; Denton JR; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic Medical Center of; Brooklyn & Queens, New York.
Fourteen patients with 15 open tibial fractures were examined retrospectively to compare postoperative infection rates of asymptomatic patients who tested positive or negative for the human immunodeficiency virus antibody (HIVab). All patients were treated with a standard open-fracture protocol. All of the HIVab-posit
McGrath BJ; Newman CL; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of; Georgia, Augusta.
On August 14, 1987, the Centers for Disease Control revised the surveillance case definition for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to include several indicator diseases. The addition of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections to the definition reemphasized the increasing frequency of severe HSV infections in
Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 1993 Apr-Jun;97(2):247-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95090228
Duca M; Apetrei C; Iancu L; Porumb S; Stamatin M; Pricop M; Stoica S; Disciplina de Microbiologie, Universitatea de Medicina si; Farmacie Iasi.
Indirect enzyme immunoassay, performed with Labsystems (Helsinki) kits, in 30 mothers and their newborns, revealed that 100% of parturient women present IgG antibody to hepatitis A (HAV), herpes simplex 1, and measles viruses, constantly transferring these antibodies to their newborns. 78.6% of the women had IgG to ru
Stat Med. 1994 Sep 15;13(17):1747-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95090272
Finkelstein DM; Schoenfeld DA; Biostatistics Department, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
A primary endpoint of AIDS trials is the length of survival. Often there is auxiliary information available on measures of disease progression, which significantly alter the risk of mortality. This paper explores the use of this information in obtaining a refined estimate of survival, and a test based on this estimate
Stat Med. 1994 Sep 30;13(18):1865-79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95090283
Marschner IC; Newstead SV; Becker NG; Department of Statistics, LaTrobe University, Bundoora VIC,; Australia.
Back-projection of AIDS incidence data is useful for estimating characteristics of the HIV epidemic curve and forms a basis for projections of the AIDS epidemic curve. Its application to subgroups of the population is limited by its imprecision for groups with a small number of cases. Back-projection can be made more
Stat Med. 1994 Sep 30;13(18):1881-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95090284
Ades AE; Medley GF; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Child; Health, London, U.K.
Piecewise constant incidence models were developed to estimate the force of infection in women from age- and time-specific antenatal or neonatal seroprevalence data. Differential inclusion of infected women in sero-surveys compared to uninfected women was taken into account, with respect to both changes in inclusion r
Soft tissue sarcoma is the most common malignant neoplasm of the heart, pericardium, and great vessels. Its presentation is infrequent, nonspecific, and subtle. For example, emboli from these tumors to the lungs or peripheral arteries may mimic thrombotic embolic disease. New noninvasive techniques such as echocardiog
Rocha MM; Severo LC; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul UFRGS.
Twenty five cases of disseminated histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS are presented. Mucocutaneous involvement established the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis in 68% of the cases. We point out the importance of histoplasmosis as an opportunistic infection in patients with HIV.
Wanderley DM; Gonzales TT; Pereira MS; Nascimento RD; Moraes-Souza H; Superintendencia de Controle de Endemias (SUCEN), Sao Paulo,; SP, Brasil.
An inquiry with the objective of bringing the study of the hemotherapy situation in the state of S. Paulo, up-to-date was undertaken in 1990 and compared with that carried out in 1988. In 1990 research was undertaken in 62 counties, 48 of which performed blood transfusions through 104 services, with hemocenter partici
Kemp M; Hey AS; Bendtzen K; Kharazmi A; Theander TG; Centre for Medical Parasitology at Institute for Medical; Microbiology and Immunology 24.2, University of Copenhagen,; Denmark.
The major surface protease of Leishmania major, gp63, has been suggested as a vaccine candidate for cutaneous leishmaniasis. In this study gp63 was purified from L. major promastigotes. A panel of human T-cell clones recognizing this protein were generated from individuals who had previously had self-healing cutaneous
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1994 Dec 3;124(48):2173-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95090442
Huber-Schneider C; Gubler J; Knoblauch M; Medizinische Abteilung, Kreisspital Mannedorf.
The clinical features of 5 patients with invasive disease due to nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae are presented. 4 patients had proven left sided endocarditis, and one had probable endocarditis of the mitral valve. 4 patients were intravenous drug abusers, and one had a girl friend who was also an iv-drug abus
A 44-year-old man was admitted with symptoms compatible with Addison crisis. Abdominal computer tomography revealed extensive bilateral adrenal abscesses. Histoplasma capsulatum was cultured from a needle aspirate. The patient was HIV-seronegative and had no underlying malignancy. He may have acquired the infection du
Science. 1994 Dec 16;266(5192):1865-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U18552
Chang Y; Cesarman E; Pessin MS; Lee F; Culpepper J; Knowles DM; Moore PS; Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons,; Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.
Representational difference analysis was used to isolate unique sequences present in more than 90 percent of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) tissues obtained from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These sequences were not present in tissue DNA from non-AIDS patients, but were present in 15 percent of non-
Singapore Med J. 1994 Jun;35(3):298-302. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95090494
Ratnam KV; Goh A; National Skin Centre, Singapore.
Drug therapy in AIDS is used to prolong life as there are many infections and malignancies which appear as a consequence of the immunosuppression and these can be fatal. Current anti-virals which specifically inhibit HIV replication are being used earlier to extend quality of life, maintain immune status and reduce th
Pall AA; Savage CO; Renal Immunobiology Group, CCRIS, Medical School, Edgbaston,; Birmingham, UK.
The aetiology of the primary systemic vasculitides remains obscure. Recent years have seen significant advances in our understanding of inflammation and in particular the role of and interaction between the vascular endothelium, mediators and immune effector cells. This has helped to further elucidate those specific p
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1994 Oct 10;114(24):2831-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95090619
Eskild A; Heger B; Bruun JN; Froland SS; Iversen B; Lovik M; Samdal HH; Magnus P; Bakketeig LS; Avdeling for samfunnsmedisin Statens Institutt for Folkehelse,; Oslo.
In order to study differences in risk of the development of AIDS in different groups of HIV infected subjects, 151 homosexual men, 110 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and 36 heterosexually infected persons without major signs of HIV infection at entry to the study were enrolled in a cohort study. The mean follow-up tim
Pozzi G; Oggioni MR; Manganelli R; Medaglini D; Fischetti VA; Fenoglio D; Valle MT; Kunkl A; Manca F; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Siena, Italy.
Our genetic system for expression of heterologous proteins on the surface of the Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus gordonii was used to express a human T-helper epitope of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120. In previous work on the naive repertoire of human T-helper cells, it was shown that a 15-amino acid syntheti
Radaelli A; De Giuli Morghen C; Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milano,; Italy.
Recombinant canarypox (CP) and fowlpox (FP) viruses that contained two forms of the HIV-1 (SF2 strain) env gene were engineered and their expression analysed in chick, simian and human cells. These vectors can efficiently replicate in avian but not in mammalian cells, in which infection is abortive. The two forms, con
Radaelli A; Gimelli M; Cremonesi C; Scarpini C; De Giuli Morghen C; Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milano,; Italy.
The canarypox (CP) and fowlpox (FP) viruses, which are unable to replicate productively in non-avian species, have been utilized as live vectors carrying the HIV-1SF2 env gene with the putative immunosuppressive (IS) region complete (CPIS+ and FPIS+) or deleted (CPIS- and FPIS-). To determine if these avipox-env recom
Vaslin B; Le Grand R; Vogt G; Benveniste O; Gras G; Roques P; Stoeckel P; Salk PL; Salk J; Dormont D; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Experimentale et Neurovirologie,; Centre de Recherches du Service de Sante des; Armees/Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay aux Roses,; France.
In an effort to produce a strong humoral and cellular immune response that might protect against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, groups of five rhesus macaques each were immunized intramuscularly at 0, 2 and 6 months with 100 micrograms of an inactivated preparation of SIV/Delta B670 in either an oil-in
Bruck C; Thiriart C; Fabry L; Francotte M; Pala P; Van Opstal O; Culp J; Rosenberg M; De Wilde M; Heidt P; et al; SmithKline Beecham Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium.
In an attempt to compare the protective effect of vaccination with two forms of envelope antigens, and to define immunological correlates of protection against HIV infection, chimpanzees were vaccinated with either recombinant gp160 or gp120. Homologous HIV challenge was performed 3 weeks after the fourth immunization
Kuligowska E; Keller E; Ferrucci JT; Boston University Medical Center, MA 02118.
OBJECTIVE. The percutaneous treatment of pelvic abscesses has traditionally involved the placement of drainage catheters via a transgluteal, transrectal, or transvaginal route. These procedures are painful and prolonged. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of a one-step, single-puncture method
Fishman JE; Schwartz DS; Sais GJ; Flores MR; Sridhar KS; Department of Radiology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL; 33136-1094.
OBJECTIVE. The radiographic manifestations of bronchogenic carcinoma in HIV-positive individuals may resemble or accompany changes of inflammatory disease. To provide information that is useful in the differential diagnosis, we studied the findings on plain radiographs and chest CT scans in 30 HIV-positive patients wi
Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Dec 15;140(12):1125-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091241
DeHovitz JA; Kelly P; Feldman J; Sierra MF; Clarke L; Bromberg J; Wan JY; Vermund SH; Landesman S; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, State; University of New York, Health Science Center at Brooklyn 11203.
The prevalence of untreated sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) was assessed in a cohort of 372 sexually active inner-city women (92% black, 49% US-born) with no history of injection drug use who were recruited in Brooklyn, New York, in 1990 and 1991. The presence of STDs was assessed via culture, serologic analyses,
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1894-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091274
Yankauer A; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655-0309.
Sexually transmitted diseases remain uncontrolled although millions of cases occur annually in the United States . The advent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is also a sexually transmitted disease, has not altered this situation. The major portion of federal funding
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1901-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091276
Stryker J; Samuels SE; Smith MD; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California at; San Francisco.
OBJECTIVES. This article examines the impact of contentious local debates on the design and implementation of school-based condom availability programs. METHODS. Information about condom availability in schools was reviewed by 50 leading educators and health officials at a 1992 forum held in Menlo Park, Calif. RESULTS
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1918-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091279
Kelly JA; Murphy DA; Washington CD; Wilson TS; Koob JJ; Davis DR; Ledezma G; Davantes B; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Sciences, Medical; College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
OBJECTIVE. This study reports the results of a behavior change intervention offered to women at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection seen in an urban primary health care clinic. METHODS. Participants were 197 women randomly assigned to either an HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1923-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091280
McDonald AM; Gertig DM; Crofts N; Kaldor JM; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to describe the establishment of a national surveillance system for newly acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and present the first 3 years results. METHODS. All new cases of diagnosed HIV infection were reported to the national HIV surveillance center throu
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1929-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091281
Smith E; Rix BA; Melbye M; Department of Epidemiology, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre,; Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen.
OBJECTIVES. This paper describes the principles and first results of the newly implemented anonymous mandatory human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reporting system in Denmark . METHODS. The system is based on a serially numbered form
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1933-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091282
Osmond DH; Page K; Wiley J; Garrett K; Sheppard HW; Moss AR; Schrager L; Winkelstein W; Division of Epidemiology and Medicine, San Francisco General; Hospital, University of California 94143-1347.
OBJECTIVES. Recent studies suggest very high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection rates in some populations of younger homosexual men, but these studies may represent only particularly high-risk populations. The current study obtained population-based data on the HIV epidemic in young homosexual/bisexual men.
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1938-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091283
Rotheram-Borus MJ; Reid H; Rosario M; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies,; Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric; Institute, NY.
OBJECTIVES. Factors mediating changes in sexual behaviors that increase the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were monitored in a group of gay and bisexual male adolescents. METHODS. One hundred thirty-six males aged 14 to 19 years (Hispanic, 51%; African-American, 31%) were recruited from one gay-i
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1952-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091285
Sellers DE; McGraw SA; McKinlay JB; New England Research Institute, Watertown, Mass 02172.
OBJECTIVES. Opponents of condom availability programs argue that the promotion and distribution of condoms increases adolescent sexual activity. This assertion was tested empirically with data from the evaluation of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention program for Latino adolescents. METHODS. The onset of s
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1965-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091287
McElrath K; Chitwood DD; Griffin DK; Comerford M; Comprehensive Drug Research Center, University of Miami, Fla.; 33124.
OBJECTIVES. Most studies of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rely heavily on retrospective self-reports. The degree to which these reports provide reliable information has received little research attention. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which the reliability of retrospective
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1971-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091288
Diaz T; Chu SY; Byers RH Jr; Hersh BS; Conti L; Rietmeijer CA; Mokotoff E; Fann SA; Boyd D; Iglesias L; et al; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, Ga 30333.
OBJECTIVES. This study sought to describe the drugs used by drug injectors infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to determine factors associated with the primary injection drug used. METHODS. A cross-section of persons 18 years of age or older reported with HIV or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AID
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1976-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091289
Massagli MP; Weissman JS; Seage GR 3rd; Epstein AM; Center for Survey Research, University of Massachusetts, Boston; 02125-3393.
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of personal and job characteristics on the time to employment loss after diagnosis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and to examine how job loss affects patients income. METHODS. Data were collected from 305 patients with AIDS at three s
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1991-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091293
Kaplan EH; Khoshnood K; Heimer R; Yale School of Management, New Haven, CT 06520-8200.
The New Haven needle exchange program experienced a significant decline in the fraction of returned needles containing human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA. Is this decline due to the operations of the needle exchange or to a shift in clients? Analysis of demographic and behavioral data revealed that on
The Oregon Health Plan, which took effect in February 1994, extends Medicaid eligibility but limits coverage to conditions and treatments above a certain threshold on a prioritized list. Retrospective analysis was conducted on records of visits to two Oregon human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outpatient clinics in 199
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):1997-2000. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091295
Weissman JS; Makadon HJ; Seage GR 3rd; Massagli MP; Gatsonis CA; Craven DE; Stone VE; Bennett IA; Epstein AM; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
The purpose of this study was to measure unmet needs and changes in insurance status for persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Thirty-six percent of the study s Boston-area respondents (n = 305) had a change in insurance coverage between AIDS diagnosis and interview. Medicaid coverage increased from
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):2000-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091296
Alegria M; Vera M; Freeman DH Jr; Robles R; Santos MC; Rivera CL; Center for Evaluation and Sociomedical Research, University of; Puerto Rico, San Juan.
This paper examines the association of depressive symptoms with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and risk behaviors among 127 sex workers. Data were obtained by a structured interview and blood specimens tested for HIV. Findings showed a high prevalence rate of depressive symptoms for all sex workers regar
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):2003-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091297
Choi KH; Catania JA; Dolcini MM; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco 94105.
Data from the National AIDS Behavioral Survey were used to examine the social distribution of extramarital sex and risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among married individuals in the United States . Of 1686 married respondents living across the United States, 2.2% rep
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):2008-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091298
Hirano D; Gellert GA; Fleming K; Boyd D; Englender SJ; Hawks H; Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix 85007.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of anonymous testing availability on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test demand in Arizona. Testing patterns before and after the introduction of anonymous testing were compared. Client knowledge of new test policy and delay in testing until an anonymous option
Am J Public Health. 1994 Dec;84(12):2011-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091299
Fairchild AL; Tynan EA; New York State Department of Health, AIDS Institute, New York; 10001.
The US Public Health Service began the medical examination of immigrants at US ports in 1891. By 1924, national origin had become a means to justify broad-based exclusion of immigrants after Congress passed legislation restricting immigration from southern and eastern European countries. This legislation was passed ba
Ann Pharm Fr. 1994;52(3):124-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091443
Burnouf T; Service de Fractionnement du Plasma, Centre Regional de; Transfusion Sanguine, Lille.
In the last few years, plasma fractionation has been subjected to major technological changes which have contributed to improve the viral safety and overall purity of plasma derivatives. New viral inactivation treatments, primarily solvent-detergent and pasteurization, have been introduced in the manufacturing process
Based on two studies (using semistructured interviews) of 16- and 17-year-old West German urban adolescents, the first in 1970 (N = 602) and the second in 1990 (N = 415), this paper traces the changes in young people s sexual behavior and attitudes during the past two decades: (i) The marked trend in the 1960s towards
Arch Sex Behav. 1994 Oct;23(5):531-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091499
Ostrow DG; Beltran E; Joseph J; Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of; Public Health.
In 1984, over 1000 gay and bisexual men volunteered to participate in both the Chicago Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and a companion psychosocial study, the Coping and Change Study (CCS). Participants in the semiannual Chicago MACS/CCS evaluations comprise the largest cohort of high-risk men under continuous me
Kyaw-Tanner MT; Greene WK; Park HS; Robinson WF; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Queensland, St.; Lucia, Australia.
This study investigated the hypothesis that under certain conditions, superinfection of cats with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), may occur. One FIV isolate (T91) was used to inoculate three FIV and FeLV-free cats. Blood from an FIV-infected cat (N), which contained two variants and differed from T91 by at least
Jin NY; Funahashi S; Shida H; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
We devised vaccinia virus (VV)-based vector systems that support higher levels of expression of cloned genes in the early and late phases of the infection cycle than reported previously. Enhanced expression can be obtained by combining the promoter of the A-type inclusion body protein gene, the mutated early region of
De Celis J; Tobaly-Tapiero J; Hampe A; Emanoil-Ravier R; Laboratoire des Retrovirus et Retrotransposons des Vertebres,; UPR 0043 CNRS, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
The complete long terminal repeat (LTR) nucleotide sequence of the chimpanzee foamy virus isolate SFV-6 was determined. Its 1761-bp size makes it the longest LTR reported to date among all retroviruses. Since the length of its LTR is similar to that of other simian isolates while its sequence homology is closer to tha
Patel A; Heath TC; Bowden FJ; Currie B; HIV/STD Unit Communicable Disease Centre, Casuarina.
OBJECTIVE: To present a case which demonstrates the unusual clinical features of secondary syphilis that may be encountered in tropical Australia . CLINICAL FEATURES: A syphilitic aetiology was initially missed in a Caucasian female presenting with a rare form of syphilis, lues m
Vignali DA; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis, TN 38101-0318.
During T cell activation, CD4 and CD8 form a bridge between the T cell receptor (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and class I molecules, respectively. Due to this intimate association, CD4 and CD8 are now termed co-receptors and considered an integral part of this multimolecular complex. In a
Biochem J. 1994 Nov 15;304 ( Pt 1):87-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091657
Frankenberger M; Pforte A; Sternsdorf T; Passlick B; Baeuerle PA; Ziegler-Heitbrock HW; Institute for Immunology, University of Munich, Germany.
In monocytes, the nuclear factor NF-kappa B has been invoked as an important transcription factor in the expression of cytokine genes, of cell-surface receptors and in the expression of human immunodeficiency virus. In such cells, DNA binding activity of NF-kappa B can be detected without intentional stimulation. In o
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):467-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091768
Vacca A; Farina M; Maroder M; Alesse E; Screpanti I; Frati L; Gulino A; Department of Experimental Medicine, University of La Sapienza,; Rome, Italy.
Interference with T cell activation signals by Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene products is suggested to contribute to the impairment of immune functions observed in AIDS. Interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) and HIV share common stimulatory signals triggered during T cell acti
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):545-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091779
Cahill MA; Nordheim A; Janknecht R; Institute for Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School,; Germany.
The transcription factor SRF is involved in the transduction of extracellular signals into nuclear responses, often in conjunction with ternary complex factors (TCFs). Here we report the identification of CArG box SRF binding-sites, and neighboring TCF binding-sites, in viral genomes. SRF binds and recruits TCFs to
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):666-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091799
Saggioro D; Forino M; Penzo A; Pesce M; Oliviero S; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, Interuniversity Center for Cancer Research; (CIRC), Padova, Italy.
We studied the effect of protein phosphatase and kinase inhibitors on Tax-mediated transcription of constructs carrying the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyl transferase under the control of either the full-length LTR of HTLV-I or three copies of the tax-responsive 21-bp repeats. We observed that treatment with oka
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):780-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091817
Jethmalani SM; Henle KJ; Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical; Sciences, Little Rock 72205.
Selective glycosylation of prompt stress glycoproteins (P-SG), mainly P-SG67 and P-SG64 (M(r) of 64,000, pI = 5.1), occurs immediately during acute heat-stress. In the present study, P-SG64 was purified by sequential gel filtration, anion-exchange, affinity chromatography, and two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/SDS-
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):967-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95091847
Shoji S; Furuishi K; Misumi S; Miyazaki T; Kino M; Yamataka K; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,; Kumamoto University, Japan.
Thiol and disulfide compounds were tested as an anti-HIV drug against transactivator (Tat)-mediated transactivation of HIV-1. Of all the compounds tested, thiamine disulfide, alpha-lipoic acid, and N-acetycysteine significantly depressed HIV-1 Tat activity. Thiamine disulfide alone in these compounds possessing anti-H
Orlander JD; Samet JH; Kazis L; Freedberg KA; Libman H; VAMC, Division of General Internal Medicine, Boston, MA 02130.
PURPOSE. To assess the effect of a weekly outpatient clinic for staging and triage of newly identified human-immunodeficiency-virus (HIV)-infected patients on medical residents attitudes and knowledge regarding care of HIV-infected persons. METHOD. Twenty-one second- and third-year medical residents who participated
Kira J; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University,; Fukuoka, Japan.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) is a pathogenic retrovirus associated with a chronic progressive myelopathy, termed HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), as well as adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). A chronic inflammatory process has been implicated in HAM/TSP by a pathological s
La Grenade L; Department of Medicine-Dermatology Unit, University of the West; Indies, Mona, Jamaica.
Since human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) was identified in 1980 as causing human disease, it has been etiologically associated with adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATL) and tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). More recently, several new diseases have been reported in association with this virus, including infecti
St. Clair Morgan O; Department of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Jamaica,; West Indies.
This article summarizes the present state of knowledge of TSP/HAM as it is seen in Jamaica . It reviews the historical and clinical aspects of the disease, and shows how the discovery of HTLV-I has generated research in several countries and contributed to a better understanding of
Nerurkar VR; Song KJ; Melland RR; Yanagihara R; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Molecular variants of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) have been isolated recently from lifelong residents of remote Melanesian populations, including a Solomon Islander with tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) or HTLV-I myeloneuropathy. To clarify the genetic heterogenei
Rodgers-Johnson PE; Department of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Jamaica.
In 1985 we had the first indication that human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) was the possible etiological agent of a chronic myelopathy that seemed to be peculiar to the tropics and that is now known as endemic tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). IgG antibodies to HTLV-I were found in serum and cerebrospinal flui
Lipton SA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Beth Israel; Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston 02115.
Perhaps as many as 25-50% of adult patients and children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) eventually suffer from neurological manifestations, including dysfunction of cognition, movement, and sensation. How can human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) result in neuronal damage if neurons themselves ar
Gojobori T; Yamaguchi Y; Ikeo K; Mizokami M; National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
For pathogenic viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human influenza A virus, and human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), the evolutionary features were briefly reviewed with special reference to the rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution
Baxby D; Bennett M; Getty B; Department of Medical Microbiology, Liverpool University, U.K.
This survey of the clinical and epidemiological features of human cowpox, a rare but relatively severe zoonotic infection, is based on 54 cases, many unpublished, which we have studied since 1969. Patients present with painful, haemorrhagic pustules or black eschars, usually on the hand or face, accompanied by oedema,
Hawken J; Chard T; Jeffries DJ; Costeloe K; Grant K; Ward F; Hudson CN; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Bartholomew's; Hospital, London.
OBJECTIVE: To study an antenatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing programme in an inner London health district. DESIGN: A standardised research interview was given to women in the first half of pregnancy and the findings were compared with those of the routine clinical interview. The observations were analys
Johnstone FD; McGoogan E; Smart GE; Brettle RP; Prescott RJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of; Edinburgh.
OBJECTIVE: To study a geographically defined population of women exposed to a drug-related risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), together with carefully matched neighbourhood controls, in order to examine (1) the proportion of different groups having cervical cytopathology screening; (2) the association between
Chams V; Biou D; Cho YY; Mbika JP; Le Coq H; Heshmati F; Fouchard M; Bizzini B; Zagury JF; Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Universite P & M Curie,; Paris, France.
The purification and analysis of IgGs from sera of HIV-1-infected and non infected individuals are reported. The effect of antibodies purified from sera of infected individuals on antigen-induced T cell proliferation was investigated in relation to their possible involvement in an autoimmune reaction in AIDS, in view
Robey EA; Department of Molecular and cell Biology, University of; California, Berkeley 94720.
The choice of an immature T cell to become a CD4 cell or a CD8 cell may be the result of instructive signals generated during positive selection. Alternatively, the initial commitment to a CD4 or CD8 lineage may be made independently of the specificity of the TCR. In this article, I describe our efforts to test the la
Spain LM; Yelon D; Berg LJ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University,; Cambridge, MA 02138.
It is now well established that the progression of T cell development requires interactions between the surfaces of thymocytes and thymic stromal cells. For example, the maturation of CD4+8+ cells into functional CD4+ or CD8+ cells requires TCR/MHC interactions, which, depending on the specificity of the particular TC
Parnes JR; Seong RH; Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, CA; 94305-5487.
The mechanism by which thymocytes expressing both the CD4 and CD8-coreceptor proteins differentiate into mature T cells expressing either CD4 or CD8 is not well understood. We have shown that expression of a chimeric CD8/CD4 transgene can alter T cell lineage commitment such that cells expressing a transgenic class I
van Meerwijk JP; Germain RN; Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National; Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Commitment to the CD4+ or CD8+ T cell lineages and positive selection for full maturation of precursor T cells take place in the thymus. A detailed phenotypic analysis of differentiating thymocytes in normal and MHC-deficient mice has led to the identification of previously unappreciated subpopulations whose character
Chan SH; Benoist C; Mathis D; Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire des Eucaryotes du CNRS et; Unite 184 de Biologie Moleculaire de l'INSERM, Institut de; Chimie Biologique, Strasbourg, France.
The mechanisms of thymocyte commitment towards the CD4+ and CD8+ lineage remain unresolved. Two models--one based on instruction, the other on selection--have previously been proposed. The instructional model has been popularly received based on results of earlier studies. However, our data from MHC class II, class I,
Crompton T; Hefti H; Lees RK; Pircher H; MacDonald HR; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch,; Switzerland.
CD4+ and CD8+ mature T cells arise from CD4+ CD8+ thymic precursors by a process of positive selection that ultimately requires interaction of the T cell receptor (TCR) with self major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. The mechanism of commitment of immature CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes to CD4 or CD8 lineages is con
Ozawa Y; Migita M; Watanabe T; Okuda I; Takeshita A; Takagi A; Shishiba Y; Department of Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo.
HTLV-I carriers or patients with HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) are prone to immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. We present a 44-year-old female with HAM who developed Graves disease. She developed severe Graves ophthalmopathy shortly after 131I therapy, concurrently with a remarkable increase in TSH-recepto
Warnking A; Meier J; Abteilung Medizinische Soziologie im Zentrum offentliche; Gesundheitspflege Medizinische Hochschule Hannover.
An investigation was carried out in students of the faculties of medicine at Hannover and Leipzig by handling a questionnaire on their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes on AIDS. The sample was 354 at Hannover and 365 at Leipzig consisting of students at the beginning of the first course on the one hand and at the end o
Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih. 1994 Jun;14(6):334-6, 323. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95093264
Qi C; Shu-Guang Hospital, Shanghai College of TCM.
In order to study the difference in TCM types as well as between Deficiency and Excess type in immunity in the patients with ovarian tumors, the profile of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in 73 cases of ovarian tumors was determined by using flow cytometry and monoclonal antibody technique. The results showed th
For some years, public interest has focused on transfusion-transmitted HIV. German blood donors are now selected and show only very low incidences in HIV and hepatitis. Only one per million donors seems to transmit HIV. The remaining risk of post-transfusion hepatitis is estimated to range between 1:10,000 and 1:100,0
Penner M; Sibrowski W; Abt. fur Anasthesiologie und Intensivmedizin,; Oskar-Helene-Heim, Orthopadische Klinik der FU Berlin.
Aim of this review is to compare benefits and risks of autologous blood transfusion with special emphasize on donation and retransfusion risks. Autologous blood transfusion may reduce the transfusion-associated mortality by 70%. Another advantage of preoperative autologous blood donation is the increase in erythropoie
Directed donations are refused by the most transfusion services for some reasons. At first, voluntary donation is questionable when relatives will be used as blood donors. This fact leads to a higher risk of infections compared with a third party donation. In some rare instances, directed donations may be necessary or
Gurtler LG; Eberle J; Bader L; Max-von-Pettenkofer-Institut fur Hygiene und Medizinische; Mikrobiologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen.
OBJECTIVE: Estimating the risk of HIV transmission by blood or inactivated plasma transfusion. A discussion of the methods and techniques for the diagnosis of HIV infection in blood donors. DATA SOURCES: Reports in German and English on this topic as well as own experiences of the authors. SELECTION CRITERIA: No speci
Kohler M; Wieding JU; Abteilung Transfusionsmedizin, Klinik der Universitat; Gottingen.
Two different virus inactivated plasma preparations are available in Germany . Methylene blue ephotoxidized (MB) plasma is plasma from a single donation, which is photoxidized using 1 microM methylene blue and visible light (1 hour 60,000 Lux). Photochemical inactivation reduces HI
Gurtler L; Max-von-Pettenkofer-Institut fur Hygiene und Medizinische; Mikrobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen.
Treatment with tri-n-butyl-phosphate and detergent (SD-treatment) leads to efficient inactivation of viruses having a lipid enveloped surface, like hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus, that are presently the most transfusion relevant viruses in German
Pollmann H; Hamophilie-Zentrum der Universitats-Kinderklinik Munster.
Based on the results of seven ICTH-controlled PUP studies only the virus-inactivating procedures by pasteurization (60 degrees C for 10 h), tri-n-butyl-phosphate/detergent treatment, and vapor heating (60 degrees C for 10 h and 1,200 mbar) have prevented the haemophilic patients from infections with hepatitis B, C and
Hilfenhaus J; Forschungslaboratorien der Behringwerke AG, Marburg.
An important aim of the commercial manufacturing of human plasma proteins to be used as therapeutics is the HIV-safety of such products. This aim will be achieved by using (1) plasma donations of carefully selected, healthy donors, (2) by testing of each donation according to national and international requirements fo
Case managers can play a pivotal role in the hospital discharge planning process for medically complex patients. This is particularly true for persons with AIDS. This prospective study quantifies the importance of this role by examining the ability of case managers, nurses, and physicians to predict (at the time of ad
Trajman A; Belo M; Oliveira A; Madi K; Elia C; Departamentos de Clinica Medica, Hospital Universitario; Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,; Brasil.
1. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the intestinal secretory immunity of HIV-infected patients. Jejunal biopsies were obtained with a Watson capsule from 52 HIV-infected patients and compared to a control group consisting of 12 healthy subjects, matched for age and sex. IgA- and IgM-containing plasma c
Bongertz V; Jansson M; Flodby P; Morgado MG; Galvao-Castro B; Wigzell H; Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio; de Janeiro, Brasil.
1. Antibody specificity for the principal neutralization domain (PND) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was studied in plasma from 122 HIV-1-infected individuals residing in Brazil . 2. Using 8 overlapping sequential pentadecapeptides corresponding to the third vari
Mijiyawa M; Ekouevi K; Adetchessi T; Amedegnato DM; Weil B; Service de Rhumatologie du CHU-Tokoin de Lome Togo.
Medical records were reviewed retrospectively to determine the causes of chronic polyarthritis in patients attending a hospital outpatient clinic in Lome ( Togo ). Among 2812 patients seen over 44 months, 70 (2.5%; 28 female, 42 male) had polyarthritis of at least three months duratio
1. A 6-mo regimen consisting of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide given for 2 mo followed by isoniazid and rifampin for 4 mo is the preferred treatment for patients with fully susceptible organisms who adhere to treatment. Ethambutol (or streptomycin in children too young to be monitored for visual acuity) should
Co MC Jr; Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, Hunter College of CUNY, NY.
BACKGROUND: After decades of decreasing incidence, the number of new tuberculosis cases started to rise again in the mid-1980s and continues to be a major public health problem in the United States . The incidence of tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis is increasing among perso
Warren N; Bellin E; Zoloth S; Safyer S; Montefiore-Rikers Island Health Service, East Elmhurst, New York.
BACKGROUND: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence in urban jails is higher than that in the general community. METHODS: We interviewed a cohort of HIV-infected inmates in a jail in New York, NY, during incarceration and after release to assess the accessibility of medical and social services. RESULTS O
Panlilio AL; Shapiro CN; Schable CA; Mendelson MH; Montecalvo MA; Kunches LM; Perry SW 3rd; Edwards JR; Srivastava PU; Culver DH; et al; Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
BACKGROUND: Because occupational blood contact places health-care workers at risk for infection with bloodborne pathogens, we wanted to estimate the prevalence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among hospital-based surgeons and correlate the resu
Das BN; Weinberg DV; Jampol LM; Alexandra Hospital, Redditch.
Cytomegalovirus retinitis is the most common ocular opportunistic infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and remains a significant cause of visual loss in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Drugs are now available to treat this condition and recent advances in delivery tech
Bartholow BN; Doll LS; Joy D; Douglas JM Jr; Bolan G; Harrison JS; Moss PM; McKirnan D; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA.
From May 1989 through April 1990, 1,001 adult homosexual and bisexual men attending urban sexually transmitted disease clinics were interviewed regarding abusive sexual contacts during childhood and adolescence. Sexual abuse was found to be significantly associated with mental health counseling and hospitalization, ps
Cancer. 1995 Jan 1;75(1 Suppl):357-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95094132
Medeiros LJ; Greiner TC; Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903.
BACKGROUND. Over three time periods, 1973-1977, 1978-1982, and 1983-1987, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute collected all cases of Hodgkin s disease in designated geographic regions representative of the United States as a w
Cancer. 1995 Jan 1;75(1 Suppl):370-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95094133
Greiner TC; Medeiros LJ; Jaffe ES; Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer; Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
BACKGROUND. Significant advances in the understanding of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) have occurred in the past two decades, resulting in changes in terminology and classification practices, which may affect the analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) dat
Reimann KA; Waite BC; Lee-Parritz DE; Lin W; Uchanska-Ziegler B; O'Connell MJ; Letvin NL; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
The rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) is an important experimental animal frequently utilized for studies of infectious diseases, immunity, hematopoiesis, and transplantation. Since the structure of cell surface molecules is phylogenetically conserved, monoclonal antibodies raised against human leukocyte antigens can som
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1994 Dec 16;119(50):1728-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95094624
Ziegler D; Lode H; Raffenberg M; Schaberg T; Mauch H; Grassot A; Abteilung fur Pneumologie und Infektiologie, Krankenhauses; Zehlendorf-Bereich Heckeshorn, Berlin.
A man with advanced HIV infection (CD4 lymphocytes 90/microliter, CD4/CD8 ratio 0.2) was admitted to hospital with fever, cough and weight loss. The radiological and bronchoscopic findings, together with the presence of acid-fast bacilli in the sputum, pointed to open pulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tub
Coupland S; Billson F; Hoffmann F; Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Klinikum Steglitz, Freie; Universitat Berlin, Germany.
BACKGROUND: A rat model of orthotopic corneal graft rejection was used to investigate the alterations in hydrolase activity within the corneal graft or within cellular infiltrates during acute rejection. METHODS: The distribution of the lysosomal enzymes [acid phosphatase (AP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), b
Libombo A; Folgosa E; Bergstrom S; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital Maputo,; Mozambique.
Postpartum endometritis-myometritis (PPEM) was identified in 51 women after vaginal delivery, who were compared with 51 healthy referent parturients, matched for age, parity and days postpartum. Socio-economic background data, past and current obstetric history and clinical data from recent delivery were analyzed. End
Cowan FM; Adler MW; Academic Dept of GU Medicine, James Pringle House, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE--To determine whether the time allocated for undergraduate teaching of genitourinary medicine has changed since 1984 and to determine the impact of HIV/AIDS on the teaching of the specialty. METHODS--A self completion questionnaire was sent to the consultant in charge of each department of genitourinary medi
Churchill DR; De Cock KM; Miller RF; Department of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London.
Feigned HIV infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), in which people mimic infection with or disease due to HIV, accounted for 1.7% of admissions to our specialist HIV unit in Central London over a 5 year period. Of 12 patients with feigned HIV/AIDS, 11 were HIV antibody-negative, and one refused testin
Donovan B; Bassett I; Bodsworth NJ; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, NSW, Australia.
OBJECTIVE--To determine whether the circumcision status of men affected their likelihood of acquiring sexually transmissible diseases (STDs). DESIGN--A cross-sectional study employing an anonymous questionnaire, clinical examination and type specific serology for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). SETTING--A public
van Beek I; Buckley R; Stewart M; MacDonald M; Kaldor J; Kirketon Road Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
OBJECTIVE--To study risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in injecting drug users (IDUs) from central Sydney. SETTING AND SUBJECTS--All IDUs attending a primary health care facility in central Sydney between December 1991 and November 1992 who underwent HCV antibody testing. METHODS--Information was obtai
Nandwani R; Caswell S; Boag F; Lawrence AG; Coleman JC; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Claude Nicol Centre, Royal; Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A antibodies in homosexual and heterosexual males attending a genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic. DESIGN--Prospective study of male patients recruited from a GUM clinic during a 10 week period in 1993. SETTING--Central London outpatient GUM department at Chelsea
Lyttle PH; New Zealand Venereological Society--Surveillance Unit,; Christchurch Sexual Health Centre, Christchurch Hospital.
AIM--To document trends in sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) recorded by New Zealand STD Clinics from 1977-1993. METHODS--Clinic disease figures have been recorded since clinics commenced in the 1920s and were recorded in a comprehensive format from the 1970s. The New Zealan
Rogstad KE; James NJ; Bowman CA; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, City Hospital, Nottingham,; UK.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the perceived value of attendance at an International AIDS Conference and attitudes towards the effect of patient attendance on the conference. DESIGN--A confidential, self-administered questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS--102 physicians from the United Kingdom who atte
Welch J; Bunting P; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Kings Healthcare, London.
Audit at regional level is a useful complement to local audit, especially in small specialties. Regional audit can reduce professional isolation and lead to the development of uniformly high standards in the care given by a variety of providers. The development of regional audit in genitourinary medicine in South East
Abrol S; Sampath A; Arora K; Chaudhary VK; Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New; Delhi, India.
The envelope glycoprotein, gp120, on the surface of HIV interacts with the human CD4 molecule and thus helps the virus in gaining entry into the T-helper cells. To display the gp120 binding domains of human CD4 on the surface of the bacteriophage M13, two types of vectors have been constructed. In these, the first 176
Immunol Lett. 1994 Jul;41(2-3):103-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095311
Troye-Blomberg M; Department of Immunology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Immunity to malaria involves both cell-mediated and humoral immune mechanisms. T cells are essential both in regulating antibody formation and in inducing antibody-independent immunity. Thus, acquisition and maintenance of protective immunity to malaria is T-cell dependent. Although relatively neglected until recently
Immunol Lett. 1994 Jul;41(2-3):147-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095319
Lundholm P; Wahren M; Sandstrom E; Volvovitz F; Wahren B; Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm.
The HIV-1 envelope protein contains several regions with amino acid homology to HLA class I and class II molecules. We evaluated possible changes in antibody responses to those regions during vaccination with rgp 160 produced in a baculovirus system. Forty asymptomatic HIV-infected patients with CD4 cell counts above
Immunol Lett. 1994 Jul;41(2-3):163-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095321
Muller C; Kukel S; Bauer R; Department of Dermatology, University of Bonn, Germany.
The role of autoimmune phenomena in the pathogenesis of AIDS is not well understood. Antibodies against CD4+ lymphocytes are frequently detectable in HIV-infected patients. However, the relevance of these antibodies is unknown. In this study anti-CD4 cell antibodies in plasma of HIV-infected patients were compared to
Immunol Lett. 1994 Jul;41(2-3):195-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095326
Murphy G; Dalchau R; Parker KE; Sawyer GJ; Carter CA; Fabre JW; Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Child; Health, University of London, UK.
The allo-antibody response of several rat strains to an unconjugated synthetic 20 amino acid peptide derived from the alpha helical region of the RT1-Du beta chain was tested. The LEW (RT1l) and WAG (RT1u) strains produced little or no antibody; the PVG (RT1c) and DA (RT1av1) strains produced moderate amounts of antib
Immunol Lett. 1994 Jul;41(2-3):229-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095332
Zangerle R; Gallati H; Sarcletti M; Wachter H; Fuchs D; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of; Innsbruck, Austria.
There is some ongoing debate as to whether tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha levels are elevated in human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV), however TNF alpha is rapidly cleared from the circulation and long-term markers have to be analyzed. Two distinct TNF alpha receptors have been identified, which also exist
Immunol Lett. 1994 Jul;41(2-3):89-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095343
Hoffman SL; Franke ED; Malaria Program, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, MD; 20889-5607.
Work on vaccines against the pre-erythrocytic stages of the Plasmodium life cycle is based on the observation that immunization with irradiated sporozoites (IRR SPZ) is protective. Antibodies against several SPZ surface proteins can prevent SPZ from effectively invading hepatocytes; antibodies and cytolytic-T lymphocy
Xu LD; Department of MSIS, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435.
In recent years, the importance of information systems has been identified as a vital issue to continuing success in AIDS intervention and prevention (AIP). The advances in information technology have resulted in integrative information systems including decision support systems (DSS). The concept of DSS for AIP was c
Int J Dermatol. 1994 Oct;33(10):738-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095443
Gooskens V; Ponnighaus JM; Clayton Y; Mkandawire P; Sterne JA; Martini Ziekenhuis, Groningen, The Netherlands.
BACKGROUND. In tropical primary health care, essential drugs should be safe, effective, and as inexpensive as possible. To treat the very common dermatophyte infections of the skin, one may use inexpensive Whitfield s preparations, more expensive topical imidazole derivatives, or extremely expensive oral antifungals.
Int J Epidemiol. 1994 Aug;23(4):805-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095491
De la Fuente L; Barrio G; Vicente J; Bravo MJ; Lardelli P; Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Madrid, Spain.
BACKGROUND. Of critical importance to AIDS control in Spain is the analysis of geographical variation and trend over time in the prevalence of intravenous administration in heroin users, as well as the factors associated with the use of this route. METHODS. We carried out a cross-se
Int J Epidemiol. 1994 Aug;23(4):812-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095492
Le Hesran JY; Delaporte E; Gaudebout C; Trebuck A; Schrijvers D; Josse R; Peeters M; Cheringou H; Dupont A; Larouze B; INSERM U13 et Fondation Leon M'ba, Hopital Claude Bernard,; Paris, France.
An epidemiological study of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and syphilis has been carried out in a multiethnic community of seven neighbouring villages located in eastern Gabon on 1240 subjects over 5 years old (82.7% of the population in this age range). Antibodies to HT
Brenner B; Back D; Ben-Porath E; Hazani A; Martinowitz U; Tatarsky I; Hematology Institute, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
The prevalence, clinical manifestations and serological markers of hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections were studied in 112 multiply transfused patients (49 hemophiliacs receiving either nonheat-treated factor concentrates or cryoprecipitate, 33 thalassemic
Kilim Y; Rosenblatt JD; Danon YL; Kipper Institute of Immunology, Felsenstein Research Center,; Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva.
Recent studies have established the presence of human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) in Israel . The entire nucleotide sequence of HTLV-I virus from a previously described HE isolate of a Mashadi Jewish Iranian patient was determined. To further characterize the LTR
Burke M; Vonsover A; Yust I; Shlomo-David Y; Zeldis I; Rudich C; Vardinon ND; Clinical Immunology Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center,; Israel.
AIDS may be caused by two different retroviruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2. Hitherto only HIV-1 has been reported in Israel . We recently discovered HIV-2 as a solitary pathogen in the blood of two foreign workers from West Africa. In view of the relative ease of travel to Israel, it is esse
Health Serv Res. 1994 Dec;29(5):527-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095653
Fleishman JA; Hsia DC; Hellinger FJ; Division of Cost and Financing, Agency for Health Care Policy and; Research, Rockville, MD 20852-4908.
OBJECTIVE. To examine factors affecting the use of inpatient, outpatient, and emergency room services by people with HIV infection. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTING. Study participants are adults with HIV infection receiving services at major providers of medical care in ten U.S. cities. Six interviews were conducted ov
Health Serv Res. 1994 Dec;29(5):549-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095654
Fahs MC; Waite D; Sesholtz M; Muller C; Hintz EA; Maffeo C; Arno P; Bennett C; Division of Health Economics, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New; York, NY 10029.
OBJECTIVE. This study describes demographic characteristics of pediatric AIDS patients, describes hospital and community-based service utilization patterns, and analyzes medical and social support service usage patterns with respect to patient demographic characteristics, clinical trial participation, functional/devel
Health Serv Res. 1994 Dec;29(5):569-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095655
Hellinger FJ; Fleishman JA; Hsia DC; Division of Cost and Financing, CGHSER, Agency for Health Care; Policy and Research, Rockville, MD 20852.
OBJECTIVE. The volume and cost of services consumed by persons with AIDS (PWAs) during their last months of life are examined in this study. DATA SOURCES. This study utilizes data from the AIDS Costs and Service Utilization Survey (ACSUS). The ACSUS is the most comprehensive survey of medical services that are consume
Puppo F; Brenci S; Lanza L; Bosco O; Imro MA; Scudeletti M; Indiveri F; Ferrone S; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of; Genoa, Italy.
Analysis of (sHLA-I) antigens in a large number of HIV-positive subjects found a significant increase of their level, but did not detect any change in their molecular profile. Monitoring at yearly intervals for four years of the sHLA-I antigen level in 14 HIV-positive subjects with a normal sHLA-I antigen level at stu
Health Care Women Int. 1994 Mar-Apr;15(2):91-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095742
Pitts M; Magunje N; McMaster J
Interest is growing in the use of herbal and other agents as a preparation for sexual intercourse. Concern has been expressed that such traditional practices, which are widespread in central and southern Africa, may increase women s risks of cervical cancer and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. We exami
Health Care Women Int. 1994 Nov-Dec;15(6):489-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95095761
Lea A
It is argued that the survival time of women with AIDS is connected to these women s values and beliefs about health and AIDS, which in turn affect how they care for themselves and others. Moreover, their values and beliefs result from the interrelationship between economic conditions and cultural and social norms. Co
Klein HG; Department of Transfusion Medicine, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical; Center, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Recombinant DNA technology has provided the tools for gene-based cellular therapies. The increasing ability to characterize disease in molecular terms affords the scientific rationale for gene therapy, while advances in cell biology, cytokine physiology, and gene delivery have made somatic cell gene therapy feasible.
Zhao LJ; Wang L; Mukherjee S; Narayan O; Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology,; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7424.
The human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) genome encodes a 15-kDa accessory gene product, Vpr, that is essential for virus replication in primary monocytes/macrophages. Being present in the virion, Vpr is believed to function in the early phases of HIV-1 replication, including nuclear migration of the pre-integ
Schmid RM; Liptay S; Betts JC; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical; Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor 48109-0650.
The NF-kappa B transcription factors display a high degree of sequence conservation in a domain initially described in the rel oncogene. Two family members, NF-kappa B1 and NF-kappa B2, have distinct DNA binding properties and functionally distinct effects on different enhancers. NF-kappa B1, for example, binds to the
Johnson SR; Schonfeld DJ; Siegel D; Krasnovsky FM; Boyce JC; Saliba PA; Boyce WT; Perrin EC; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco.
Elementary school-age children s conceptual understanding and factual knowledge about the causes of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), colds, and obesity are poorly understood, particularly among black children living in low-income, urban neighborhoods. We examined minority children s conceptual understanding
Dickler HB; Collier E; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, National; Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Nelson SD; Department of Fine Arts, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Through an analysis of four posters used by the AIDS Action Committee of Massachusetts, this article asks how representation can effectively promote safer sex practices. The images under investigation have different targeted groups--one is aimed at African-American men, one at Latinas, and two at gay men. Using a fram
Ricco JP; Department of Art History, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
In this essay I address some of the ways in which certain images, which share visual and verbal vocabularies of body fluids, visualize male-male sexual identities and body practices. Through the articulation of these terms, and most especially semen, body boundaries are at once delineated and transgressed. The differe
Shafer RW; Small PM; Larkin C; Singh SP; Kelly P; Sierra MF; Schoolnik G; Chirgwin KD; Center for AIDS Research, Stanford University, California.
To ascertain the role of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission on multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) emergence in New York City, medical records, drug susceptibilities, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of TB cases at a city hospital between two 9-m
Rasmussen L; Morris S; Zipeto D; Fessel J; Wolitz R; Dowling A; Merigan TC; Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research,; California.
Human cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) DNA copy number in white blood cells from both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative and HIV-seropositive patients was amplified from the immediate-early region of CMV DNA and quantified
Boppana SB; Polis MA; Kramer AA; Britt WJ; Koenig S; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes retinitis and is the leading cause of blindness in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). While most patients with HIV are HCMV seropositive, not all will develop clinical complications from it. The immune responses that c
Parker SJ; Sadlon TA; Gordon DL; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Flinders; Medical Centre, South Australia, Australia.
The contribution of complement to NK cell lysis of CD4 cells expressing recombinant gp120 (rgp120) was investigated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used as effector cells in a Cr release assay against purified CD4 target cells that had been coated with rgp120. Assays included human immunodeficiency virus (HIV
Qureshi MN; Barr CE; Seshamma T; Reidy J; Pomerantz RJ; Bagasra O; Department of Dental Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New; York, New York.
Molecular studies have revealed significant amounts of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) provirus DNA in saliva of HIV-infected persons. However, cellular localization has not been determined. In situ polymerase chain reaction (IS-PCR) was done on saliva-associated cells for localization of HIV-1 provirus DN
Five patients with AIDS had disseminated infection due to Septata intestinalis, a recently described organism. S. intestinalis infection was suspected after detection of spores in stools and urine and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy of duodenal biopsies or of cell culture of urine sediment. Clinical feat
Ng-Bautista CL; Sedmak DD; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University College of; Medicine, Columbus.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) pneumonia is associated with the development of secondary immunosuppression with resultant bacterial and fungal superinfections. Because class II HLA expression within the lung may be important in normal pulmonary cell-mediated immunity, th
Holmes EC; Zhang LQ; Robertson P; Cleland A; Harvey E; Simmonds P; Leigh Brown AJ; Centre for HIV Research, Medical School, University of Edinburgh,; Scotland.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 sequences obtained from HIV-infected persons in different risk groups in Edinburgh were studied to determine the number and origin of virus variants and patterns of virus transmission. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 12 of 14 hemophiliac patients who had been exposed to a
Barbour ML; Mayon-White RT; Coles C; Crook DW; Moxon ER; Department of Paediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington,; Oxford, United Kingdom.
Conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) may modify Hib pharyngeal colonization. Hib colonization was compared in 371 infants and their families. In Oxfordshire, infants received PRP-T (polyribosylribitol phosphate conjugated to tetanus toxoid) and in Buckinghamshire they did not (controls). Infa
Suwanagool S; Sonjai A; Ratanasuwan W; Techasathit W; Chuenarom V; Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of; Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bankik, Thailand.
From June 1992 to May 1993, 39,939 Thai men attended the clinic for laborers going abroad at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok for a pre-assignment physical exam and mandatory blood screen for HIV and syphylis. Of this total, 438 tested positive for HIV antibody (1.1%). Of these, 215 men returned for post test interview and
J Med Virol. 1994 Sep;44(1):104-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95096793
Garin B; Gosselin S; de The G; Gessain A; Laboratoire d'Epidemiologie des Virus Oncogenes, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.
The frequency of indeterminate Western blot (WB) seroreactivities against HTLV-I gag encoded proteins only, and the use of low specific diagnostic WB criteria led to the overestimation of HTLV-I seroprevalence in initial studies in intertropical Africa and
Sera of 383 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected individuals from Frankfurt (Main)/ Germany were assayed by two hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening tests (Abbott second generation, Ortho second generation). This population showed a prevalence for reactivity with both tests o
Pelletier J; Martini P; Haladjian N; Delquie P; Manera L; Service de Neurologie, Hopital de la Timone, Marseille.
Computed tomography is the essential examination in patients with severe manifestations of neurological disorders. We discuss emergency situations involving the central nervous system due to vascular and infections lesions. Trauma and acute complications of brain tumours, usually seen within a neurosurgical context, a
J Public Health Dent. 1994 Fall;54(4):197-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95097237
Manz MC; Weyant RJ; Adelson R; Sverha SK; Durnan JR; Geboy MJ; Program in Dental Public Health, University of Michigan School of; Public Health, Ann Arbor 48109.
OBJECTIVES: This study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to the treatment of HIV-infected patients by Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) dental personnel. METHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to all VA dentists, hygienists, and EFDA assistants and completed anonymously in May 1991. Descriptive resul
J Med Chem. 1994 Dec 23;37(26):4558-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95097358
Toniolo C; Bianco A; Maggini M; Scorrano G; Prato M; Marastoni M; Tomatis R; Spisani S; Palu G; Blair ED; Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Universita di Padova, Italy.
The highly hydrophobic C60 (buckminsterfullerene) was water solubilized by covalently linking the synthon 1,2-dihydro-1,2-methanofullerene [60]-61-carboxylic acid to the alpha-amino group of the hydrophilic 4-8 sequence of peptide T, known to display potent human monocyte chemotaxis. The resulting compound, characteri
Fatal infectious mononucleosis is vary rare in the human population. Only two case reports of girls suffering an Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferation without evidence of an underlying immunodeficiency came to our knowledge. We report on the case of an 11-months-old girl with fatal infectious mononucleosis
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Dec 3;103(19):725-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95097658
Portilla J; Sanchez Paya J; Boix V; Munoz C; Tamarit J; Merino J; Perez-Mateo M; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas (Servicio de Medicina; Interna), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of different markers to diagnose advanced infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (AIDS or CD4 lymphocyte
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Dec 3;103(19):730-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95097659
Vallejo A; Casado C; Canto C; Varela JM; Barge T; Rabella N; Herrera I; Garcia Saiz A; Servicio de Diagnostico, Centro Nacional de Biologia Celular y; Retrovirus, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid.
BACKGROUND: Six cases of HTLV-I/II infection were selected for isolation and characterization of these retrovirus. METHODS: Detection of anti-HTLV antibodies was carried out by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), immunofluorescence (IFI), and Western blot (WB). Analysis of proviral DNA was performed by PCR. Viral culture and pa
Kunisada T; Ando S; Saito K; Eshita Y; Roder W; Kruse M; Muller WE; Ushijima H; Division of AIDS Virus, National Institute of Health, Tokyo,; Japan.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in cultured cells, peripheral blood samples and sera were adsorbed on filter paper disks and inactivated by heat or ethanol. Two procedures, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microtiter plate assay (HMPA) were used to detect the nucleic acid. The sensitivity after diff
Ghidini A; Lynch L; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (CUNY), New York 10029.
Information on congenital infection is continuously expanding. New diagnostic techniques are making significant contributions to the prenatal diagnosis of several fetal infections. In this review we highlight some of the most recent advances in the diagnosis and management of the most common fetal infections, those ca
Guerette B; Asselin I; Vilquin JT; Roy R; Tremblay JP; Centre de Recherche en Neurobiologie, Hopital de; l'Enfant-Jesus, Quebec, Canada.
Human and mouse (C57BL/10SnJ+/+) myoblasts were injected separately in the muscles of C57BL/10ScSn mdx/mdx mice. Mouse myoblasts (C57BL/10SnJ+/+) were also injected in normal mice (C57BL/10SnJ+/+ and BALB/c+/+). Some muscles that received a xenotransplantation (i.e., human myoblasts) were previously injected with a my
N Engl J Med. 1995 Jan 19;332(3):143-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95098089
Mackall CL; Fleisher TA; Brown MR; Andrich MP; Chen CC; Feuerstein IM; Horowitz ME; Magrath IT; Shad AT; Steinberg SM; et al; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
BACKGROUND. Inadequate reconstitution of CD4+ T lymphocytes is an important clinical problem complicating chemotherapy, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and bone marrow transplantation, but relatively little is known about how CD4+ T lymphocytes regenerate. There are two main possibilities: bone marrow-derived
Foulkes MA; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke,; Bethesda, Md 20852.
Analytic issues in stroke data base research are reviewed, drawing upon relevant experiences in the analyses of three observational data bases from a variety of clinical fields. The specifics of the data base construct, statistical issues and variations in possible interpretations of results are discussed. Responsible
Baltuch GH; Villemure JG; McCrea E; Antel JP; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Cellular immune effector mechanisms are implicated as potential therapies for malignant gliomas. We have examined the potential for anti-CD3-activated human peripheral blood-derived CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to induce lysis of human glioma cell lines in vitro, the mechanism of action of these cells, and the capacity of th
Lewallen S; International Eye Foundation, Blantyre, Malawi, Africa.
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to describe the complications and outcomes of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in a population of young Africans with a high seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in which treatment often is delayed and in which antiviral drugs are not available. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients wi
Silverman S Jr; Kaugars GE; Gallo J; Thompson JS; Stites DP; Riley WT; Brandt RB; Division of Oral Medicine, University of California at San; Francisco School of Dentistry.
Eleven HIV-positive patients with chronic oral candidiasis were supplemented with 60 to 120 mg of beta-carotene daily for 3 to 7 months. Lymphocyte profiles were evaluated at intervals to help assess immune competence. Although there was a modest increase in some lymphocyte values at 2 months, there was a significant
Unk I; Kiss-Toth E; Boros I; Institute of Biochemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged.
Three 21bp repeats can be found in the bovine leukemia virus long terminal repeat, which are crucial for the LTR directed gene expression by the trans activator protein Tax. Previous studies demonstrated that the major target of the Tax directed activation are the CRE-like elements in the center of these repeats. In t
Majello B; De Luca P; Hagen G; Suske G; Lania L; Dipartimento di Genetica, Biologia Generale e Molecolare,; Universita Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Recently, a family of transcription factors structurally related to Sp1 has been described; thus, more than one activator may bind to the GC boxes present in a number of viral and cellular promoters. We have compared the transactivation potentials of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 proteins on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1
Panyutin IG; Neumann RD; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Center, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A triplex-forming oligonucleotide (TFO) complementary to the polypurine-polypyrimidine region of the nef gene of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was labeled with 125I at the C5 position of a single deoxycytosine residue. Labeled TFO was incubated with a plasmid containing a fragment of the nef gene. Decay of 12
Yuyama N; Ohkawa J; Koguma T; Shirai M; Taira K; National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology, Agency of; Industrial Science & Technology, MITI, Tsukuba Science City 305,; Japan.
We previously constructed a multiribozyme expression vector by combining cis- and trans-acting ribozymes and we showed that several ribozymes, each directed against a different target in the HIV genome and acting independently in a shotgun manner, markedly increased the efficiency of cleavage of HIV RNA in vitro [Oh
The most important mycobacteria causing disease in humans are Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae. These germs contrast the so-called atypical mycobacteria. The importance of the atypical mycobacteria was recognized in the fifties. Even if the quantity of atypical mycobacterial disease has increased du
Kline JN; Hunninghake GW; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine,; University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242.
In this paper, we have reviewed the evidence suggesting that T-cell dysregulation is important in the pathogenesis of asthma. The history, clinical presentation, and an overview of the appropriate management of asthma have been briefly reviewed. T cells obtained from the airways of asthmatics display signs of activati
Sordillo LM; Hicks CR; Pighetti GM; Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agricultural; Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; 16802-3500.
The effects of bovine leukosis virus (BLV) on the phenotypic and functional characteristics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were investigated. Whole blood differentials showed that persistently lymphocytotic (BLV+PL) dairy cattle had more lymphocytes and fewer neutrophils than the aleukemic seropositive (BLV+AL)
Nokta MA; Hassan MI; Morgan JA; Loesch KA; Pollard RB; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical; Branch, Galveston 77555.
Protein Kinase C (PKC) and Ca++ are both involved in the chain of events leading to T-cell activation. An impairment of the immune response is characteristic of T cells obtained from patients with HIV infection. In this report, the involvement of PKC and Ca++ in HIV-mediated cellular hyporesponsiveness was examined. I
Correctional systems increasingly serve as the health care nexus for the initial diagnosis and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, particularly among traditionally underserved populations. A survey was conducted to describe the clinical profile of inmates in a State correctional system diagnosed
de Miguel J; Collazos J; Mayo J; Lopez de Goicoechea MJ; Echaniz C; Mendarte U; Servicios de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Galdacano, Vizcaya.
OBJECTIVE. To study the prevalence of hepatitis delta and hepatitis C viruses (HDV and HCV) in patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) with and without risk behaviors for the infection by these viruses and by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Clinical and serological study (January
Rev Cubana Med Trop. 1993;45(1):55-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099082
Hadad Melendez P; Fernandez Abascal H; Millan Marcelo JC; Ramos Garcia A; Nunez Fernandez F; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri.
A study was conducted on the presence of Cryptosporidium sp in 47 Cuban adult patients infected by HIV in different infective stages in order to assess for the first time its prevalence in this group. The parasite was found in 18 patients (38.3%), of whom 18 (44.7%) were asymptomatic. The most frequent symptoms were a
Rev Cubana Med Trop. 1993;45(1):59-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099083
Rodriguez Justiz F; Fernandez Nunez A; Martinez Sanchez R; Diaz Jidy M; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri.
A description in made about the methodology and outcome of screening conducted on foreing students arriving in Cuba from 1987-1990 to reside for several years. During that period, a total number of 13,025 foreing travellers coming from 36 countries were controlled; of them, 1,100 wer
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):139-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099129
Shattock RJ; Griffin GE; Division of Communicable Diseases, St. George's Hospital Medical; School, Tooting, London, U.K.
Cellular adherence is important for monocyte migration and function and is known to induce monocyte activation, leading to the production of mRNA for several proto-oncogenes and cytokines. In addition, since cellular adherence has important intracellular signalling function, it has the potential to enhance human immun
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):147-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099130
Kleinschmidt A; Neumann M; Moller C; Erfle V; Brack-Werner R; GSF-Institute of Molecular Virology, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Besides macrophages and microglial cells, cells of astroglial origin are thought to be targets of HIV1 in the brain. HIV1 infection of astroglial cells results in restricted production of the virus. To analyse the molecular basis of this restricted infection phenotype, we established a chronically HIV1-infected low-pr
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):155-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099131
Palacio J; Souberbielle BE; Shattock RJ; Robinson G; Manyonda I; Griffin GE; Communicable Disease Unit, St George's Hospital Medical School,; Tooting, London.
Heterosexual intercourse is the major mode of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide. Heterosexual transmission of HIV is particularly important in Africa and is increasing in the developed world. The mechanism of HIV infection of the female genital tract with HIV and subsequent events leadin
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):163-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099132
Schweitzer-Thumann C; Kirn A; Aubertin AM; Unite INSERM 74 et Institut de Virologie de la Faculte de; Medecine, Universite Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France.
Physical parameters may affect viral replication by preventing or limiting the expression of viral genes. The effect of a supraoptimal temperature (39 degrees C) on the production of HIV1 was investigated in promonocytic latently infected U1 cells. The amount of viral particles released from the cells 2 days after TNF
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):171-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099133
Patterson S; Roberts MS; English NR; Macatonia SE; Gompels MN; Pinching AJ; Knight SC; Antigen Presentation Research Group, Clinical Research Centre,; Harrow, Middlesex, UK.
Previous studies from this laboratory indicated infection of dendritic cells (DC) from peripheral blood of individuals infected with HIV1. Here, further evidence for the infection of peripheral blood DC with HIV1 is presented. Low-density cells (LDC) were prepared from blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected individua
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):177-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099134
Tenner-Racz K; von Stemm AM; Guhlk B; Schmitz J; Racz P; Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Numerous data demonstrate that lymphoid tissues represent a major HIV reservoir and sites of virus replication. To gain more information about the phenotype of cells in which HIV replicates in the lymphoid tissue, we applied HIV RNA hybridization technique in combination with immunohistochemistry on 10 lymph nodes and
Phenotype and release of IL1 alpha, IL6 and TNF alpha were examined in monocytes derived from 14 healthy donors and 24 tumour patients in a long-term culture using immunohistochemical, RNA in situ hybridization and ELISA techniques. After stimulation with LPS and IFN-gamma, blood monocytes and resulting macrophages sh
Monocytes of healthy donors were infected with HIV1 in vitro: 14-21 days after infection 50-70% of the cells produced p24 HIV1 antigen as detected with anti-p24 immunostaining; infected cultures showed enhanced secretion of interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-8 (IL8) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). The expr
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):199-207. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099137
Le Naour R; Raoul H; Mabondzo A; Henin Y; Bousseau A; Dormont D; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie experimentale et Neurovirologie,; CRSSA, DSV/DPTE, Institut Paris-Sud sur les Cytokines,; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) were infected with the viral strain HIV1/Ba-L and with the clinical isolates HIV1/DAS and HIV1/PAR. Kinetics of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL6) production were investigated for 28 days after infection. At the early stages of infection we observe
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):215-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099139
Bender A; Schfer V; Steffan AM; Royer C; Kreuter J; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; von Briesen H; Institut fur Pharmazeutische Technologie d. J.W.; Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Nanoparticles are known to accumulate in the phagocytic cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. Therefore, the use of this carrier system for the targeting of antiviral drugs to monocytes/macrophages (MO/MAC) is an attractive concept in the treatment of diseases involving MO/MAC, e.g. infection with HIV. In this st
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):221-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099140
Hurtrel B; Chakrabarti L; Hurtrel M; Bach JM; Ganiere JP; Montagnier L; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
To elucidate the initial pathogenic events in lymphoid organs, the major reservoir of virus in HIV infection, follow-ups of viral load, pathological changes and target cells were performed in the rhesus macaque SIVmac251 model and in the cat FIV model. Lymph nodes (LN) obtained from animals sacrificed at early time po
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):229-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099141
Persidsky Y; Berger S; Gendrault JL; Steffan AM; Royer C; Hurtrel B; Stutte HJ; Kirn A; Aubertin AM; Unite INSERM 74 et Institut de Virologie de la Faculte de; Medecine, Strasbourg, France.
The livers of 21 rhesus monkeys inoculated with SIVmac251 were examined at 4 days to 39 months after infection. SIV antigens were detected in the cytoplasm of Kupffer cells (KC), macrophages and lymphocytes in two-thirds of the livers tested. The number of cells containing viral proteins substantially increased during
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):239-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099142
Muller JG; Czub S; Marx A; Brinkmann R; Plesker R; Muller-Hermelink HK; Institute of Pathology, University of Wurzburg, Germany.
To clarify the pathogenesis of SIV-induced thymus atrophy, the presence of SIV within thymus stromal cell cultures (epithelial cells, IDC, macrophages or fibroblasts) was investigated. The material studied consisted of 15 thymus specimens of rhesus macaques infected with SIVmac251 (2-4 months postinoculation). No vira
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):245-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099143
Tsagarakis C; Marchal T; Magnol JP; Fournel C; Dezutter-Dambuyant C; Schmitt D; Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Lyon, Laboratoire; d'Immunopathologie, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
In order to identify an equivalent of Langerhans cells in cat stratified epithelia, we used a panel of monoclonal antibodies known to be reactive with membrane antigens present on human Langerhans cells. The labelling was carried out by immunoperoxidase staining, for examination by light microscope, and by immunogold
AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in eight patients was treated with the systemic application of liposomal doxorubicin (20 mg/m2 per cycle). After six cycles of treatment a significant regression of KS was observed in all patients. Tumour volume was reduced from 556 +/- 635 mm3 before therapy to 42 +/- 134 mm3 aft
Gillissen A; Kotterba S; Rasche K; Muller KM; Schultze-Werninghaus G; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital,; Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany.
This is a report of a 28-year-old HIV+ man with extensive involvement of lungs, spinal roots and peripheral nerves by neurofibromatosis von Recklinghausen. Huge masses (neurofibromas) ventral of the spine, which already infiltrated into the foramina intervertebralia, could be located by magnetic resonance imaging and
Perez-Cruet MJ; Adelman L; Anderson M; Roth PA; Ritter AM; Saris SC; Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; Tex.
The majority of computer tomography stereotactic biopsy lesions enhance after administration of intravenous contrast, whereas patients with nonenhancing lesions are often followed conservatively or undergo craniotomies. There are few studies showing the effectiveness of stereotactic biopsies of nonenhancing cerebral l
Rev Med Interne. 1994;15(10):630-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099179
Malbec D; Pines E; Boudon P; Lusina D; Choudat L; Service de medecine interne, hopital Robert-Ballanger, Aulnay,; France.
A retrospective study on 202 consecutive patients with HIV infection was reviewed. A particular syndrome with blood CD8 lymphocytosis > 1 500/mm3, associated with a diffuse lymphocytic infiltrate histologically proved in the tissue of different organs was present in five patients. Clinical findings were variable, depe
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1994 Dec 6;83(49):1364-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099207
Speich R; Departement Innere Medizin, Universitatsspital, Zurich.
The spectrum of HIV-related pulmonary infectious and noninfectious complications has enlarged considerably during the past years. Because clinical and radiological presentation is generally nonspecific the diagnostic workup should be straightforward. The diagnosis of the still most important complication, pneumocystis
Lubetzki C; Vidailhet M; Jedynak CP; Thibault S; Mrejen S; Vittecoq D; Chain F; Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Hopital de la; Salpetriere, Paris.
We report axial myoclonic jerks causing flexion of the trunk, neck, left shoulder, hips and knees in a 28-years-old HIV positive patient. The clinical and electromyographic features of the jerks were consistent with a spinal origin and corresponded to the new concept of propriospinal myoclonus. No structural lesion wa
A new recombinant FeLV vaccine was evaluated in 30 specified pathogen-free cats 10 months of age cats. The vaccine consisted of the non-glycosylated FeLV envelope protein p45, aluminium hydroxide and a saponin adjuvant. The cats (n = 18) were vaccinated twice intramuscularly, 3 weeks apart. All animals were challenged
HIV integrase is the enzyme responsible for inserting the viral DNA into the host chromosome; it is essential for HIV replication. The crystal structure of the catalytically active core domain (residues 50 to 212) of HIV-1 integrase was determined at 2.5 A resolution. The central feature of the structure is a five-str
Science. 1994 Dec 23;266(5193):2002-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U04847
Kalpana GV; Marmon S; Wang W; Crabtree GR; Goff SP; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and; Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, College of Physicians; and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032.
Upon entry into a host cell, retroviruses direct the reverse transcription of the viral RNA genome and the establishment of an integrated proviral DNA. The retroviral integrase protein (IN) is responsible for the insertion of the viral DNA into host chromosomal targets. The two-hybrid system was used to identify a hum
Manderson L; Tropical Health Program, University of Queensland Medical School,; Australia.
Social science health research in Australia has undergone considerable expansion through government sponsorship of projects that complement or address issues related directly to policy and program concerns. In examining the rationale for supporting social science research, and t
Gilmore N; Somerville MA; Centre for Medicine, Ethics and Law, McGill University, Montreal,; Quebec, Canada.
It is recognized that AIDS involves multiple epidemics. As well as an epidemic of HIV, we are experiencing epidemics of fear and of stigmatization, scapegoating and discrimination associated with AIDS. In this paper, we investigate the nature of these reactions and the links between them. In doing so, we identify some
Goldin CS; Office of Academic Planning & Institutional Research, Rutgers; University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903.
From Goffman s classic sociological work on stigma to Sontag s popular works on metaphors, stigma has captured academic and general public interest. The severity of the AIDS pandemic has transformed our lives profoundly, and the stigma experienced by persons with AIDS has grave consequences for public health efforts.
Smith BJ; Holladay SD; Blaylock BL; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional; College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute; and State University, Blacksburg 24061-0442.
Adult mice were exposed by oral gavage to 0.75, 1.25, or 1.75 mg/kg body weight T-2 mycotoxin for 5 consecutive days. Thymic atrophy on the 2nd day following cessation of dosing was profound, and was characterized by significant decreases in the total number of cells within all phenotypes defined by CD4 and CD8 cell-s
Burnouf-Radosevich M; Appourchaux P; Huart JJ; Burnouf T; Centre Regional de Transfusion Sanguine, Lille, France.
We have validated the use of two new regenerated multilayered structured cellulose membranes (BMM), Planova 15 N and Planova 35 N, with respective mean pore sizes of 15 and 35 nm, as a new filtration system to eliminate viruses in highly purified factor IX and factor XI concentrates. Virus spiking experiments indicate
Arnold NL; Slade BA; Jones MM; Popovsky MA; American Red Cross Blood Services, Northeast Region, Dedham,; Mass. 02026.
False-positive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) tests in blood donors receiving influenza vaccine were first reported in 1991. We conducted follow-up testing for 6 months of those donors with multiply reactive, but unconfirmed EIA (at least 2 positives in anti-HCV-1.0, anti-HIV-1, and anti-HTLV-I assays) with a history of rec
Am J Gastroenterol. 1995 Jan;90(1):99-103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95100213
Rockey DC; Halvorsen RA Jr; Higgins JL; Cello JP; Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital,; University of California.
OBJECTIVE: Thickening of the gastrointestinal bowel wall is commonly identified by abdominal computed tomographic (CT) imaging. The objective of this study was to prospectively determine the prevalence of substantial pathological abnormalities in patients with bowel wall thickening by computed tomography. METHODS: Con
Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Jan 1;141(1):16-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95100215
Leite ML; Nicolosi A; Osella AR; Molinari S; Cozzolino E; Velati C; Lazzarin A; Department of Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Institute of; Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Milano (MI), Italy.
The analysis concerns data from the Northern Italian Seronegative Drug Addicts Study, a multicenter longitudinal study about the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in intravenous drug users from Milan and other areas of northern Italy between 1987 and 1991. Differen
Acosta EP; Fletcher CV; Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University; of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
The replicative cycle of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is reviewed, and currently used and investigational agents directed against the virus are discussed. The first step in the replication of HIV is selective binding of the envelope glycoprotein to CD4 receptors located on T lymphocytes. The virion is then u
Am J Dermatopathol. 1994 Oct;16(5):510-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95100430
Heller P; Wieczorek R; Waldo E; Meola T; Buchness MR; Soter NA; Lim HW; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Services, New York Department; of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, NY 10010.
Chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) describes a persistent photosensitivity disorder in the absence of continued exposure to photosensitizers; it is characterized by a T-cell infiltrate within the epidermis and dermis. The purpose of this study was to characterize the T-cell infiltrate better immunohistochemically. Seria
Am J Dermatopathol. 1994 Oct;16(5):542-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95100434
Crowson AN; Magro CM; Central Medical Laboratories, Misericordia General Hospital,; Winnipeg, Canada.
We report two cases of unilesional pagetoid reticulosis (Woringer-Kolopp disease). Histopathological, immunohistological, ultrastructural, and genotypic studies showed both lesions to be lymphomatoid hypersensitivity reactions, as characterized by polyclonal proliferations of T-lymphocytes; CD8+ T cytotoxic-suppressor
BACKGROUND: The Foscarnet-Ganciclovir Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Trial compared the use of either ganciclovir or foscarnet for the initial treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We previously reported that patients treated wit
Resnic FS; Noerdlinger MA; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New; York, NY.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to ascertain the prevalence of and reasons for underreporting of occupational exposures to patients blood and body fluids among students and house staff. METHODS: A questionnaire surveyed 110 medical students and 275 house staff members regarding the number of reported and unr
Franklin C; Friedman Y; Wong T; Hu TC; Department of Medicine, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL.
BACKGROUND: Before 1987, the hospital survival of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure receiving mechanical ventilation was less than 15%. Hospital survival has improved since then, but concerns have been raised that the post-hospital discharge
Burke AP; Anderson D; Benson W; Turnicky R; Mannan P; Liang YH; Smialek J; Virmani R; Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
Thymic tissue was collected from 11 human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive drug users who died suddenly of drug intoxication or trauma. None of the 11 individuals had symptoms related to HIV-1 infection or were known to be seropositive for HIV-1 before death. Secondary B-cell follicles were present in eve
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Dec 15;205(2):1243-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95100951
Kalebic T; Masiero L; Onisto M; Garbisa S; Molecular Oncology Section, National Cancer Institute, NIH,; Bethesda, MD 20892-1928.
The levels of mRNA of both gelatinases A and B were dramatically decreased in HIV-infected cells, when compared to uninfected cells. The expression of gelatinase A in HIV-infected cells was selectively increased by tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha) while the expression of gelatinase B was not affected. In contrast, in
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Dec 15;205(2):1386-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95100972
Sallberg M; Sherefa K; Zhang ZX; Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Pathology, and Infectious; Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hosptial,; Sweden.
We recently showed that a synthetic peptide corresponding to the third complementary determining region of the heavy chain (CDRH3) of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed to the V3 domain of HIV-1 gp120 neutralizes HIV-1 in vitro. From the CDRH3 sequence we have now produced bifunctional antigen/antibody specificity e
Int Immunol. 1994 Aug;6(8):1177-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95071947
Caux C; Massacrier C; Vanbervliet B; Barthelemy C; Liu YJ; Banchereau J; Schering-Plough, Laboratory for Immunological Research, Dardilly,; France.
Human dendritic cells (DC) generated from CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors cultured in the presence of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha are related to Langerhans cells (DLC) and have been shown to induce a strong proliferation of allogeneic CD4+ T cells. Th
Moore JP; Cao Y; Qing L; Sattentau QJ; Pyati J; Koduri R; Robinson J; Barbas CF 3rd; Burton DR; Ho DD; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
A panel of anti-gp120 human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs), CD4-IgG, and sera from people infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was tested for neutralization of nine primary HIV-1 isolates, one molecularly cloned primary strain (JR-CSF), and two strains (IIIB and MN) adapted for growth in transform
Moore JP; Trkola A; Korber B; Boots LJ; Kessler JA 2nd; McCutchan FE; Mascola J; Ho DD; Robinson J; Conley AJ; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
We have used virus neutralization and antibody-binding techniques to define the epitope for a human monoclonal antibody, designated 19b, within the V3 region of the gp120 surface glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Unusually, the 19b epitope encompasses residues on both flanks of the V3 loop. However,
Shotton C; Arnold C; Sattentau Q; Sodroski J; McKeating JA; Institute of Cancer Research, Hybridoma Unit, Sutton, Surrey,; London.
We have identified six monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) mapping to both linear and conformation-dependent epitopes within the V2 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clone HXB10. Three of the MAbs (12b, 66c, and 66a) were able to neutralize the molecular clones HXB10 and HXB2, with titers in the range of 9.5
Perach M; Rubinek T; Hizi A; Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Sickler School of; Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
We have studied selected mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) reverse transcriptase (RT) in a cell-free system in order to assess whether the mutant proteins exhibit a reduction in the sensitivity to nucleoside analog inhibitors similar to that of HIV-1 RT. We have modified, by site-directed mutagene
Mammano F; Salvatori F; Ometto L; Panozzo M; Chieco-Bianchi L; De Rossi A; Institute of Oncology, Interuniversity Center for Cancer; Research, University of Padua, Italy.
The third variable region (V3) of the envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) contains group- and type-specific epitopes for neutralizing antibodies and contains determinants involved in viral tropism and syncytium-inducing (SI) activity. We studied the in vivo relationship between V3 sequences
Hermann T; Meier T; Gotte M; Heumann H; Max-Planck-Institut fur Biochemie, Martinsried, Germany.
Amino acid sequences homologous to 259KLVGKL (X)16KLLR284 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) are conserved in several nucleotide polymerizing enzymes. This amino acid motif has been identified in the crystal structure model as an element of the enzyme s nucleic acid binding apparat
Proc West Pharmacol Soc. 1994;37:117-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95075886
Chuang AJ; Killam KF Jr; Chuang RY; Mendeleyev J; Kun E; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Hevey M; Donehower LA; Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine,; Houston, TX 77030.
The viral infectivity factor gene, vif of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), is required for full infectivity in most T-cell lines. The replication kinetics exhibited by these mutants has been shown to be cell type-dependent. In H9 cells as well as primary lymphocytes, vif mutants are incapable of establishi
(Me-Ile-4)cyclosporin (SDZ NIM 811) is a 4-substituted cyclosporin which is devoid of immunosuppressive activity but retains full capacity for binding to cyclophilin and exhibits potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity. SDZ NIM 811 selectively inhibits HIV-1 replication in T4 lymphocyte cell l
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):829-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95078002
Saifuddin M; Ghassemi M; Patki C; Parker CJ; Spear GT; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University, Chicago,; Ilinois.
An infection-competent, full-length HIV-1 clone (pNL4-3) was expressed in seven human cell lines and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in order to assess the contribution of host cell components toward interaction of free virus with the complement system. HIV-1 expressed in the H9 cell line, which is frequently us
Yajko DM; Nassos PS; Sanders CA; Madej JJ; Hadley WK; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco.
The value of the smear for acid-fast bacilli in predicting pulmonary tuberculosis is unclear in a setting where there is a high prevalence of Mycobacterium avium complex in respiratory specimens. To evaluate the impact of a high prevalence of M. avium complex on the predictive value of the acid-fast bacilli smear for
Nicoll A; Hutchinson E; Soldan K; McGarrigle C; Parry JV; Newham J; Mahoney A; Nicholas S; Heptonstall J; Gill ON
We report on the first four years (1990-93) of a survey within the national HIV prevalence monitoring programme. The survey s objective is to monitor the prevalence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pregnant women in London and elsewhere in England. The survey--based in forty centres that off
Crawshaw SC; Gill ON; Heptonstall J; Rowland MG; West RJ; Hill JM; Davies AB; Dunbar EM; Buttery RB; Quigley C; et al; Suffolk Health Authority.
Experience with hepatitis B suggests that the risk of HIV transmission from a health care worker infected with HIV to a patient will be greatest during major surgical procedures. The number of patients worldwide who are known to have undergone such procedures, been notified, and subsequently tested is still too small
Cancer Res. 1994 Dec 15;54(24):6477-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95079428
Townsend SE; Su FW; Atherton JM; Allison JP; Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley; 94720.
We have shown previously that expression of the costimulatory ligand B7.1 by the UV-induced melanoma K1735 leads to rejection of the tumor by syngeneic hosts and the induction of immunity to challenge by the parental B7-negative tumor. Here we extend our analysis of the effectiveness of B7-positive tumor cells as vacc
Bottiglieri T; Hyland K; Reynolds EH; Metabolic Disease Center, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas,; Texas.
This review focuses on the biochemical and clinical aspects of methylation in neuropsychiatric disorders and the clinical potential of their treatment with ademetionine (S-adenosylmethionine; SAMe). SAMe is required in numerous transmethylation reactions involving nucleic acids, proteins, phospholipids, amines and oth
Georgiev VS; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular coccidian protozoan, is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, a widespread infection affecting various birds and mammals including humans. In immunocompetent hosts, the infection is usually asymptomatic and benign. Toxoplasmosis is either congenital or acquired. In general, prenatal
Wagstaff AJ; Bryson HM; Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
The DNA polymerase of human herpes viruses, including cytomegalovirus ( CMV ), and the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are selectively inhibited in vitro by the pyrophosphate analogue foscarnet. Inhi
Markham A; Faulds D; Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
Roxithromycin is a derivative of the macrolide antibacterial erythromycin with in vitro antibacterial activity resembling that of the parent compound. The drug has activity against some Staphylococcus spp., many Streptococcus spp., Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila and
Urabe T; Sano K; Nakano T; Odawara F; Lee MH; Otake T; Okubo S; Hayami M; Misaki H; Baba M; et al; Department of Microbiology, Osaka Medical College, Japan.
We tested whether human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) could be differentiated from HIV-2 by a reverse transcriptase (RT)-typing assay that measured the reduction of enzyme activity owing to specific antibody. RT-inhibiting antibody was examined for HIV type specificity by a new nonradioisotopic RT assay. Antib
Salomon H; Belmonte A; Nguyen K; Gu Z; Gelfand M; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec,; Canada.
We have shown that umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) are at least as sensitive as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for isolation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from the PBMC of infected individuals. Viral replication was more efficiently monitored by a p24 antigen capture assay than by a v
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5453-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081593
Roland CR; Walp L; Stack RM; Flye MW; Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis, MO.
The interaction between lymphocytes and the resident hepatic macrophage, the Kupffer cell (KC), is relevant to the phenomenon of immune tolerance to Ags entering the liver. Tolerance to Ag administered via the portal vein can be prevented by the rare earth lanthanide metal, gadolinium (Gd). Therefore, we studied the a
J Immunol. 1994 Dec 15;153(12):5782-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081626
Akridge RE; Oyafuso LK; Reed SG; Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98104.
IL-10 has been shown to be capable of down-regulating several aspects of macrophage function. This study was undertaken to define the association between IL-10 and HIV-1 infection in human macrophages. Infection of macrophages with a monocytotropic strain of the human immunodeficiency virus, HIV-BaL, resulted in expre
J Med Chem. 1994 Nov 25;37(24):4185-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95081996
Alvarez R; Velazquez S; San-Felix A; Aquaro S; De Clercq E; Perno CF; Karlsson A; Balzarini J; Camarasa MJ; Instituto de Quimica Medica (C.S.I.C.), Madrid, Spain.
Several 4- or 5-monosubsituted and 4,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole analogues of the anti-HIV-1 lead compound [1-[2 ,5 -bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D- ribofuranosyl]thymine]-3 -spiro-5-(4-amino-1,2-oxathiole 2,2-dioxide) (TSAO-T) have been prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of HIV-1-induced cytopathicity. T
Tiley SM; Marriott DJ; Harkness JL; Department of Microbiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst,; New South Wales.
We undertook a prospective evaluation of 4 methods for the detection of Pneumocystis carinii in clinical specimens and compared an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) (Diagnostics Pasteur), and a fluorescent whitening agent (FWA) (Blankophor BA 267%, Bayer, Australia ) with o
Crawley T; Gourville LS; Section of Pediatric Surgery, Wyler Children's Hospital,; University of Chicago Hospitals, Illinois.
AIDS is a complex disease with variable manifestations. Effective care can significantly impede the progression of this disease. Understanding the complexities of this illness allows nurses to develop an appropriate plan of care with sensitivity and acknowledgment of infected children s individual needs. Surgical inte
Benveniste O; Vaslin B; Dormont D; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie experimentale et de; Neurovirologie, DSV/DPTE/SSA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
The functional help provided by four cross-linked synthetic peptides from HIV-1 Gag structural proteins was investigated in the mouse model. These peptides, selected upon non-self-criteria, are not predicted as T epitopes by classical prediction methods such as the Rothbard consensus or the amphipathy rule. Priming mi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Dec 6;91(25):11787-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95083587
Martinez MA; Vartanian JP; Wain-Hobson S; Unite de Retrovirologie Moleculaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.
The finding of G-->A hypermutated retroviral genomes in which up to 40% of guanines may be substituted by adenines was proposed to result from the depletion of the intracellular dCTP concentration and suggested a means to hypermutagenize nucleic acids. Using a RNA/reverse transcriptase ratio of approximately 1:30, com
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Dec 6;91(25):12208-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95083671
Lee-Huang S; Kung HF; Huang PL; Bourinbaiar AS; Morell JL; Brown JH; Huang PL; Tsai WP; Chen AY; Huang HI; et al; Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of; Medicine, NY 10016.
GAP31 (gelonium anti-HIV protein of 31 kDa) is an anti-HIV protein which we have identified and purified from a medicinal plant, Gelonium multiflorum. It is capable of inhibiting HIV-1 infection and replication. GAP31 also exhibits DNA topoisomerase inhibitor activity and RNA N-glycosidase activity. The ability of GAP
Huizinga TW; de Haas M; van Oers MH; Kleijer M; Vile H; van der Wouw PA; Moulijn A; van Weezel H; Roos D; von dem Borne AE; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
Fc gamma RIII (the CD16-antigen), a low-affinity receptor for IgG, is expressed by neutrophils, natural killer lymphocytes and macrophages. A soluble form of Fc gamma RIII has been identified in human plasma. This soluble form of Fc gamma RIII (sFc gamma RIII) originates from release by neutrophils. In the present stu
Dreger P; Haferlach T; Eckstein V; Jacobs S; Suttorp M; Loffler H; Muller-Ruchholtz W; Schmitz N; Second Department of Medicine, University of Kiel, Germany.
Allogeneic transplantation of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) makes the general anaesthesia of the donor unnecessary and may result in more rapid engraftment and faster recovery of the immune system. We have studied G-CSF-mediated PBPC mobilization in healthy donors and analysed the cellular composition of th
Lauc G; Perovic S; Dapper J; Flogel M; Iskric S; Muller WE; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and; Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia.
A new method is described which is suitable for reliably analysing apoptotic fragmentation in small amounts of DNA. After isolation, DNA was labelled with biotin-4-dUTP using Klenow polymerase. Then DNA was size-separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, blot transferred and subsequently visualized by the streptavidin
Nockher WA; Bergmann L; Scherberich JE; Department of Nephrology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University,; Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Serum levels of soluble CD14 were elevated in HIV-infected asymptomatic patients or those with lymphadenopathy (CDC II/III) 2.9 +/- 0.8 mg/l compared with normal controls with 2.2 +/- 0.47 mg/l, P
Price P; Johnson RP; Scadden DT; Jassoy C; Rosenthal T; Kalams S; Walker BD; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) induces vigorous and persistent cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses. CTL clones were derived from peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid of three HIV-1 patients, with depressed CD4+ T cell counts. When stimulated with HLA-compatible target cells (B-LCL) presensit
Markham A; Faulds D; Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
The antiviral nucleoside analogue ganciclovir has demonstrated in vitro activity against human cytomegalovirus and effectively treats infection caused by this organism in various immunocompromised patient groups. The drug prolongs time to progression in patients with acquired immun
Trad PV; Kentros M; Solomon GE; Greenblatt ER; Child and Adolescent Outpatient Department, Cornell University; Medical Center, White Plains, NY.
Pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is becoming more common. Moreover, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive status in multiple family members is common and complicates disease management. Practitioners treating these children are often unaware of the effect of the virus on the child s psychologi
J Immunol. 1995 Jan 1;154(1):399-412. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95088389
Baba E; Nakamura M; Ohkuma K; Kira J; Tanaka Y; Nakano S; Niho Y; First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
We have recently identified the principal linear neutralizing B cell epitopes of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) on the envelope protein gp46, amino acids (aa) 187-199, by using a number of human mAbs. We therefore propose that this region would be a good candidate for a peptide-based HTLV-I vaccine. To de
HIV infection of monocytes resulted in twofold elevation of adhesion molecule LFA-1 (both alpha L/CD11a and beta 2/CD18 subunits) and LFA-3 (CD58), with no apparent increase in LFA-2 (CD2) or various beta 1-integrins. Homotypic aggregation of monocytes was evident 2 h after exposure to virus and was inhibited by mAbs
Rusconi S; Merrill DP; Hirsch MS; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston.
Combination regimens against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were studied in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-stimulated monocyte/macrophage cultures. Regimens included those that inhibited the same target (reverse transcriptase) or multiple targets. Treatment conditions assessed e
Montaner LJ; Griffin P; Gordon S; Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, U.K.
Interleukin-10 (IL-10), a product of T lymphocytes, B cells and macrophages, participates in Th-2 immune responses and modulates macrophage functions including possible interactions with pathogens. We have found that Chinese hamster ovary cell-derived human recombinant (hr) IL-10 inhibits human immunodeficiency virus
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1994 Dec;39(6):391-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95094153
Haagen IA; de Lau WB; Bast BJ; Geerars AJ; Clark MR; de Gast BC; Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Utrecht, The; Netherlands.
We previously reported that a CD3 x CD19 bispecific antibody (bsAb) can induce efficient killing of tumour cells by preactivated T cells isolated from patients with B cell malignancy. For future intravenous application we investigated whether resting T cells from peripheral blood can be stimulated to proliferate and b
Northfelt DW; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common malignancy associated with HIV infection, and the morbidity and mortality attributable to AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) may be increasing. No curative therapy is available for AIDS-KS, but palliative therapy can eliminate or reduce cosmetically unacceptable lesions, reduce
FEBS Lett. 1995 Jan 2;357(1):23-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95094924
Jasko MV; Semizarov DG; Victorova LS; Mozzherin DJu; Krayevsky AA; Kukhanova MK; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of; Sciences, Moscow.
Two 2 -deoxynucleoside 5 -alpha-methylenephosphonyl-beta, gamma-diphosphates were synthesized. They were incorporated into the DNA chain by DNA polymerase alpha from human placenta. Meanwhile, they were not recognized by DNA polymerase epsilon and beta of the same origin as well as by reverse transcriptases from human
Rouaix F; Gras-Masse H; Mazingue C; Ridel PR; Diesis E; Marguerite M; Estaquier J; Capron A; Tartar A; Auriault C; Unite mixte INSERM U167-CNRS 624, Institut Pasteur de Lille,; France.
The 45-69 peptide, an helper T-cell epitope derived from HIV nef protein, is strongly immunogenic. A T-cell proliferative response was observed following immunization of Lou/M rats with 45-69 peptide administered in low dose and without any adjuvant. It is already known that the T-cell response to the 115-131 peptide
Carroll SS; Stahlhut M; Geib J; Olsen DB; Department of Biological Chemistry, Merck Research Labs, West; Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
6-Chloro-(4S)-cyclopropyl-3,4-dihydro-4-((2-pyridyl)-ethynyl)quin- azol in- 2(1H)-one (L-738,372) is representative of a novel structural class of nonnucleoside inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus, strain 1 (HIV-1), reverse transcriptase (RT), the quinazolinones. L-738,372 is a reversible inhibitor of HIV-1 RT
Jander S; Kraemer M; Schroeter M; Witte OW; Stoll G; Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat,; Dusseldorf, Germany.
The contribution of the immune system to the pathogenesis of ischemic lesions is still uncertain. We have analyzed leukocyte infiltration in photochemically induced focal ischemia of the rat parietal cortex by immunocytochemistry. Between 1 and 2 days after photothrombosis, CD5+ T cells adhered to subpial and cortical
Delavirdine (bisheteroarylpiperazine, U-90152), a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), was evaluated in a two-drug combination with recombinant human interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) or the peptidom
Ghassemi M; Andersen BR; Reddy VM; Gangadharam PR; Spear GT; Novak RM; Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is an important opportunistic infection in AIDS patients. Because cells of macrophage lineage are targets for both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and MAC, the monocytoid cell line U937 was coinfected with both pathogens. Coinfected cultures had increased HIV
Tabira T; Inobe J; Nakahara K; Osame M; Yamamura T; Department of Demyelinating Disease and Aging, National Institute; of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan.
To understand the immune mechanism suggested in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP), we investigated T cell response to proteolipid protein (PLP). Because of high autologous proliferative response (APR) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in culture, the lymphocyte proliferation assay was not useful in thi
Deseda CC; Sweeney PA; Woodruff BA; Lindegren ML; Shapiro CN; Onorato IM; Hepatitis Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, Georgia.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among pregnant women in Puerto Rico . METHODS: An anonymous serosurvey was conducted in four prenatal clinics in San Juan, Puerto Rico, involving wom
Nakashima H; Shoji Y; Kim SG; Shimada J; Mizushima Y; Ito M; Yamamoto N; Takaku H; Department of Microbiology, Yamanashi Medical University, Japan.
Phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide against HIV-1 rev (S-ODN-rev) inhibits virus-induced cytopathic effects (CPE) in acute infection and inhibits the expression of HIV-1 core protein, p24, in chronically infected cells in vitro. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity was not affected by S-ODN-rev at the high
Res Virol. 1994 May-Aug;145(3-4):251-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95099144
Benelli R; Repetto L; Carlone S; Parravicini C; Albini A; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, IST, Genova, Italy.
We have established and characterized two new Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) cell lines derived from skin biopsies: AIDS-KSISTIV (from an AIDS-associated KS) and KSISTVIII (from a sporadic KS). AIDS-KSISTIV and KSISTVIII are composed mostly of spindle-shaped cells. They show similar patterns of immunohistochemical staining and
Bellanti JA; Zeligs BJ; Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of; Medicine, Washington, D.C.
In addition to their role in oxygen transport and ventilation, the lungs serve as an important defense function consisting of nonspecific and specific components. The nonspecific factors include aerodynamic filtration, mucociliary apparatus, bronchoalveolar fluid flow and lymphohematogenous drainage (anatomic systems)
Bluestine S; Lesko L; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, N.Y.
This chapter has reviewed the prevalence of cancer and of psychiatric syndromes in the cancer setting. Guidelines have been given for the evaluation and treatment of specific psychiatric syndromes, as well as several special problems found in the cancer setting. In general, the major principle of using psychiatric med
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Nov 5;103(15):567-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95082416
Muga R; Egea JM; Tor J; Rodriguez R; Roca J; Gimenez G; Foz M; Unidade de Desintoxicacion, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias; i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona.
BACKGROUND: The evolution of the prevalence of HIV infection in intravenous drug addicts who initiate hospital detoxication was analyzed. METHODS: Six hundred fifty intravenous drug addicts (535 males, 115 females) were analyzed for HIV and surveyed in regard to demographic variables and the use of drugs over a period
Lancet. 1994 Dec 3;344(8936):1540-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95075141
Bottasso OA; Ingledew N; Keni M; Morini J; Pividori JF; Rook GA; Stanford JL; Division Inmunologia, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, University; Nacional de Rosario, Argentina.
The immune response is impaired in the silent stage of Chagas disease. We used quadruple skin-testing with new tuberculins in 37 adults who were symptom-free but seropositive for Trypanosoma cruzi and in 37 matched seronegative controls. Whereas 19% of controls responded to common mycobacterial antigens, none of the
Blank, Robert H.; Bonnicksen, Andrea L., eds. Emerging Issues in Biomedical Policy: An Annual Review, Volume II. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1993 :169-188. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/44505
Blank, Robert H.; Bonnicksen, Andrea L., eds. Emerging Issues in Biomedical Policy: An Annual Review. Volume II. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1993 :156-168. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/44508
Blank, Robert H.; Bonnicksen, Andrea L., eds. Emerging Issues in Biomedical Policy: An Annual Review. Volume II. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1993 :189-199. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/44511
New York Supplement, 2d Series. 1994 Apr 21 (date of decision);611:47-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/44552
The Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, denied a motion by the Broome County Department of Social Services to compel a man (Roy XX) accused of sexually abusing a child to submit a blood sample for HIV testing. The court reasoned that the test could not be required because a positive result would fail to pro
Health Care Financ Rev. 1994 Summer;15(4):33-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AHA/95073768
Buchanan RJ; Kircher FG; Department of Community Health, University of Illinois, Champaign; 61820.
With hospital services comprising an important part of care related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and all Medicaid programs becoming major payers of these services, Medicaid policies affect the care that Medicaid recipients with AIDS receive. Many States pay hospitals on the basis of prospective paymen
Health Care Financ Rev. 1994 Summer;15(4):43-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AHA/95073769
Markson LE; McKee L; Mauskopf J; Houchens R; Fanning TR; Turner BJ; Center for Research in Medical Education and Health Care, Thomas; Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
This article examines average monthly Medicaid expenditures after diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for the diagnosis, mid-illness, and death intervals, as well as Kaplan-Meier estimates of expenditures from AIDS diagnosis to death. A clinical severity measure (the Severity Index for Adults with A
MacLachlan M; Carr SC; Psychology Department, University of Malawi.
Although substantial evidence is now accumulating that some African peoples readily accept advice and help about health from both modern medical and traditional sources, this has not yet happened with--what is arguably the major health problem in many part of Africa--AIDS. We asked 175 of Malawi s undergraduates what
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