Preparations for AIDS vaccine trials. Incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in a cohort of injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1995. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Preparations for AIDS vaccine trials. Incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in a cohort of injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland.

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994;10 Suppl 2:S201-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95169482
Nelson KE; Vlahov D; Galai N; Astemborski J; Solomon L; Department of Epidemiology, School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.

Abstract: In order to prepare for a possible trial of a preventive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine in a population of injection drug users (IDUs) we followed a cohort to determine their HIV incidence, compliance with follow-up visits at 3-month intervals (i.e., quarterly) and their attitudes toward HIV vaccine trial participation. A population of 671 HIV-seronegative subjects were recruited from a cohort of IDUs already in follow-up in Baltimore, MD (the ALIVE study). We detected 19 seroconverters in 1677.80 person-quarters of follow-up, an annual incidence of 4.52/100 person-years. Compliance with quarterly follow-up was 93% at 6 months and 89% at 9 months. Although many subjects (n = 104) are not yet due for their 12-month visit, compliance to date has been 76%. The most sensitive risk behaviors associated with HIV seroconversion have been continued injection of illicit drugs and the frequency of drug use. Other reported drug associated risk behaviors, e.g., needle sharing and shooting gallery use, have decreased despite a high HIV incidence; we believe some of the reported reductions in high-risk behavior represent socially desirable responses by the study subjects. Although the difficulties in successfully doing a trial of an HIV vaccine in the population should not be underestimated, our data suggest that such a trial would be feasible.

Keywords: Adult Attitude to Health AIDS Vaccines/*PHARMACOLOGY Baltimore/EPIDEMIOLOGY Clinical Trials/*METHODS Cohort Studies Female Human HIV Infections/*COMPLICATIONS/EPIDEMIOLOGY/PSYCHOLOGY HIV Seropositivity/COMPLICATIONS/EPIDEMIOLOGY/PSYCHOLOGY Male Patient Compliance Prospective Studies Risk Factors Substance Abuse, Intravenous/*COMPLICATIONS/PSYCHOLOGY Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. JOURNAL ARTICLE
950630
M9561134

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