Persons with Developmental Disabilities Silver Spring, Md. : American Association of University Affiliated Programs, [1989- v Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9412910
London : San Diego, CA : Academic Press, c1989 v, 137 p. : ill (The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, ISSN 0305-7453 ; v. 23, suppl. A (Jan. 1989)) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9400129
Washington, D.C. : Population and Human Resources Dept., World Bank, [1992] 57 p. : ill (Policy research working papers WPS 941) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9417685
Nairobi : Kenya Medical Research Institute ; Kenya Trypanosomiasis Resrarch Institute, [1992] iii, 76 p. : ill (Recent advances in medical research with a symposium on the rational use of drugs ; pt. 1) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9438827
[Ontario : s.n.] ; Ottawa, Ont. : [distributor] National AIDS Clearinghouse, Canadian Public Health Association, [c1993] xiii, 79 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9436025
Santa Cruz, CA : Reference and Research Services, 1993 76 p (Contemporary social issues, ISSN 0887-3569 ; no. 29) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9437966
Berlin ; New York : Springer-Verlag, c1994 xiv, 275 p. : ill (Progress in molecular and subcellular biology, ISSN 0079-6484 ; 14) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9433618
Rockville, MD (Executive Office Center, Suite 501, 2101 E. Jefferson St., Rockville 20852) : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, [1994] xii, 196 p. : ill (AHCPR publication ; no. 94-0572) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9432096
Bethesda, Md. (8600 Rockvile Pike, Bethesda 20894) : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Reference Section ; Pittsburgh, PA : Sold by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1994 ix, 52 p (Current bibliographies in medicine ; no. 94-7) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9439079
[Washington, D.C.] : U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, [1994] 24, [8] p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9436361
Tokyo : Institute of Population Problems, Ministry of Health and Welfare, [1994] 27 p. : ill (Working paper series ; no. 19) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9433477
Natural killer (NK) cells play a role in immune surveillance against tumoral and infected cells, and display immunoregulatory functions over B and T lymphocytes. In B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) there exist immune alterations affecting B and T lymphocytes. Recently NK disfunction was also noticed regardi
International Association for Breast Cancer Research, Biennial Meeting. April 25-28, 1993, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, A31, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94699092
Matsuzawa A; Takeda Y; Sayama K; Nakano H; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Yokohama, Japan
DDD/1 (DDD) mice free from exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) were characterized by congenitally markedly reduced lymph node (LN) cell counts. This characteristic defect was attributed mainly to the marked paucity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, approx 30 and 10% of LN cells, respectively. In DDD-Mtv-2/MtY-2 (DDD-Mt
Lo ST; Angel CA; Royds JA; Clark A; Ng CS; Chan CJ; Dept. Health Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with some cases of Hodgkin s disease and a variety of non-Hodgkin s lymphomas. Recently, EBV DNA was also found in up to 16% of gastric adenocarcinomas. Prompted by these findings, gastrointestinal lymphomas (GI NHL) were investigated for the presence of EBV. Using FITC lab
Lonsdale RN; Thomas GA; Davies H; Grant JW; Histopathology Dept., Addenbrooke's Hosp., Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
In this study, we describe 19 patients who presented to Addenbrooke s Hospital between 1978 and 1993 with a variety of nasal symptoms which were found to be due to malignant lymphoma in the nasal cavity. The patients were 8 men and 11 women, ranging in age from 16 to 77 years (mean 55 years, median 51 years). In 17 ca
Levels of a 90-kD monoclonal antibody-defined tumor-associated antigen, termed 90K, were measured in the serum from 649 patients with various types of cancer and 1215 patients infected by HIV. Significantly increased antigen levels (12.1+0.5 U/ml) were found in cancer patients with respect to healthy controls (5.7+0.3
We have obtained cell cultures from biopsies of eight Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) patients. Two were derived from HIV-negative cases and six were obtained from HIV positive patients. The IST-KS cultures presented a prevalence of spindle shaped cells. Immunohistochemical staining of the cells showed expression of the smooth
IMA J Math Appl Med Biol. 1989;6(3):179-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94334605
Mode CJ; Gollwitzer HE; Salsburg MA; Sleeman CK; Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Drexel; University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
A nonlinear stochastic model of an AIDS epidemic with recruitment of infectives, susceptibles, and AIDS cases into a randomly mixing population of male homosexuals was formulated and studied from a methodological point of view through intensive computer experimentation. Probability generating functions were used to fo
IMA J Math Appl Med Biol. 1989;6(4):233-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94334608
Malice MP; Kryscio RJ; Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington; 40506-0027.
The paper formulates a simple stochastic model which can be used to describe the early spread of an epidemic in a large population. Comparison of the behaviour of the epidemic under different assumptions for the distribution of the incubation period are made using the concept of partial ordering between random variabl
Buitendag M; Uys I; Louw B; Departement Spraakheelkunde en Oudiologie, Universiteit van; Pretoria.
This article focuses on the psychometric characteristics of Die Afrikaanse Reseptiewe Woordeskattoets (ARW). The psychometric analysis indicates the test forms (A and B) to be equivalent, reliable and valid and that the ARW can thus be used with confidence as a screening and re-evaluation device for the evaluation of
Johnston E; Ross E; Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of the; Witwatersrand.
The present study investigated the attitudes, knowledge and fears of a group of 31 speech-language pathologists and audiologists working in 13 hospital settings, concerning patients with AIDS/HIV. Individuals completed an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire assessing self-perceived level of knowledge, actual kn
The objective of the present work was to determine prevalence of HIV-antibodies in the following population groups: 1. Seamen, fishermen and dockers from region of Gdansk and Szczecin 2. Travellers abroad. 3. Special risk groups (intravenous drug users, prostitutes, homosexuals, haemophiliacs) mostly from Gdansk regio
Harrop HA; Coombe DR; Rider CC; Department of Biochemistry, Royal Holloway, University of London,; Egham, Surrey, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the binding of the sulphated polysaccharides, dextran sulphate and heparin, to CD4 and gp120 in order to examine the anti-HIV mechanisms of these compounds. DESIGN: In order to study the molecular mechanisms involved, the binding of sulphated polysaccharides to recombinant (r) sCD4 and gp120
van Ameijden EJ; van den Hoek AJ; van Haastrecht HJ; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Department of Public Health and; Environment, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To determine trends in commercial sexual risk behaviour among drug-using prostitutes in Amsterdam after local and national prevention campaigns began in 1987. DESIGN: A subgroup of 281 drug-using prostitutes was selected from a comprehensive, open cohort study of drug users in Amsterdam. METHODS: Cross-sect
Moss AR; Vranizan K; Gorter R; Bacchetti P; Watters J; Osmond D; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the HIV seroconversion rate, risk factors for seroconversion, and changes in risk behavior over time in intravenous drug users (IVDU) in San Francisco, 1985-1990. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: All methadone maintenance and 21-day methadone detoxification programs in San Francisco. PARTICI
Bindels PJ; Reijneveld SA; Mulder-Folkerts DK; Coutinho RA; van den Hoek AA; Department of Public Health and Environment, Municipal Health; Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of AIDS on premature mortality in the city of Amsterdam (1982-1992). METHODS: We combined aggregated data from the Netherlands Central Bureau for Statistics with data from the municipal death and population registry and data from the Amsterdam AI
Asamoah-Adu A; Weir S; Pappoe M; Kanlisi N; Neequaye A; Lamptey P; Ministry of Health, Accra, Ghana.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the short- and long-term impact of a 6-month pilot intervention program on condom use among prostitutes in Accra, Ghana . DESIGN: The 4-year prospective study follows-up cohorts enrolled in the intervention in 1987 and 1988, comparing condom use in 1991 with that
Hawkes S; Hart GJ; Johnson AM; Shergold C; Ross E; Herbert KM; Mortimer P; Parry JV; Mabey D; Academic Department of Genito-urinary Medicine, University; College London Medical School, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To assess risk factors for infection and to determine HIV prevalence in a sample of international travellers. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey of new patients attending a hospital outpatient clinic, and self-completion of an anonymous questionnaire on sexual behaviour prior to and during travel. Urine sampl
Malamba SS; Wagner HU; Maude G; Okongo M; Nunn AJ; Kengeya-Kayondo JF; Mulder DW; Medical Research Council (UK) Programme on AIDS in Uganda,; Entebbe.
OBJECTIVE: To study in depth sexual history and sexual behaviour variables as risk factors for HIV-1 infection in a rural Ugandan population. METHODS: Following a socioeconomic and serological survey of a rural population in Masaka District, south-west Uganda, 233 randomly selected HIV-1-positive cases and 233 negativ
Hong BA; Berger SG; AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Washington University School of; Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
OBJECTIVE: To describe clinically important differences in the characteristics of subjects using three distinct HIV counseling and testing settings: scheduled confidential, scheduled anonymous, and confidential walk-in. DESIGN: An HIV risk-assessment questionnaire was given to individuals prior to receiving HIV-antibo
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 Jul-Aug;73(4):293-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94318237
Strax TE; JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute, Edison, NJ 08818.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is frightening and fatal. The great fear of acquiring HIV magnifies ethical issues concerning patients and health care workers. Practitioners in the field of rehabilitation medicine will become increasingly aware of these issues, because at least 50% of patients with HIV-related illn
Ishiyama T; Nakamura S; Akimoto Y; Koike M; Tomoyasu S; Tsuruoka N; Murata Y; Sato T; Wakabayashi Y; Chiba S; Department of Haematology, Showa University School of Medicine,; Japan.
To study the pathogenesis of multicentric Castleman s disease (MCD), IL-6 producing cells and immune function were investigated in four MCD patients. The expression of IL-6 mRNA in one MCD lymph node was analysed by in situ hybridization. IL-6 mRNA expressing cells were scattered in the interfollicular areas and did n
Barlean L; Universite de medecine et pharmacie de Iassy, Faculte de; Stomatologie, Roumanie.
Buccal hairy leukoplakia is associated with Epstein-Barr and HIV virus infections. The main symptom is the characteristic hairy lesion on side parts of the tongue without any other clinical signs. Histologically, there are hyperkeratosis, vacuolar degeneration, and presence of Candida, but no inflammatory infiltration
Cristea A; Strauss I; Stefan S. Nicolau Intitute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania.
The individuals are distributed in 9 risk groups (adults and children), in which an HIV transmission way is predominant. Taking into account a simplified graph of the HIV infection evolution, kinetic equations for the number of individuals from each risk group--situated in various stages of HIV infection--are written.
Voiculescu C; Balasoiu M; Turculeanu A; Filipas L; Voiculescu M; Georgescu D; Faculty of Medicine Craiova, Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, Romania.
Three different groups of asymptomatic children, aged from 12 to 24 months (30 subjects per each group), i.e. controls, only HIV, or HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) double infected, were studied, as concerned the following systemic immune parameters: immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD) levels; absolute numbers of blood CD
An Med Interna. 1994 Apr;11(4):167-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94318809
Martinez Vazquez C; Bordon J; Rivera Gallego A; Rodriguez A; Sopena B; de la Fuente J; Baltar J; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas,; Hospital Xeral de Vigo.
GOAL. To Study the main characteristics of intestinal tuberculosis (ITB), comparing patients with and without infection by HIV (HIV and non-HIV, respectively). PATIENTS AND METHODS. The clinical records of patients diagnosed of this disease in the past five years in our center, were retrospectively reviewed. We used a
An Med Interna. 1994 Apr;11(4):192-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94318816
Menendez Martinez MA; Perez de Oteyza C; Pastor Gomez JM; Brinquis MA; Moratinos P; Marcos Herreros E; Arjona C; Hospital Militar Universitario Gomez Ulla, Madrid.
We present the case of a patient with positive antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus, erroneously diagnosed, on the basis of conventional radiology and clinical signs, as right maxillary sinusitis. CT showed a tumoral mass at the maxillary sinus, with histology of highly malignant Non-Hodgkin s Lymphoma
Lanfermann H; Heindel W; Schroder R; Lackner K; Institut und Poliklinik fur Radiologische Diagnostik,; Universitat zu Koln.
Radiological findings and course of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in 14 patients (1 woman, 13 men; 13 HIV seropositive, 1 chronic lymphatic leukaemia) were analysed retrospectively and correlated with clinical symptoms. A total of 21 CT and 16 MRI studies were evaluated. CT scans and MR images of 9 patien
Influence of synthetic peptides identical to fragments of natural human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) glycoproteins gp 120 and gp 41, on luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) of human neutrophils has been studied. It was established that some of peptide analogs of gp 120 and gp 41 immunodominant regions are able to s
Blood. 1994 Aug 1;84(3):853-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94318962
Shimamoto Y; Suga K; Shibata K; Matsuzaki M; Yano H; Yamaguchi M; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Japan.
The proviral DNA of human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) is known to be integrated monoclonally in the malignant cells of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), which is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by this virus. We studied the relationship between the integration patterns of HTLV-I and clinical c
Blood. 1994 Aug 1;84(3):883-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94318966
Bhatia K; Spangler G; Gaidano G; Hamdy N; Dalla-Favera R; Magrath I; Lymphoma Biology Section, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We have analyzed 30 cases of high- and intermediate-grade acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (AIDS-NHL) for mutations in the c-myc coding region. In addition, in these same tumors, we have sought the presence of mutations in a regulatory region wit
Adler WH; Nagel JE; Clinical Immunology Section, National Institute on Aging,; National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Recent data from the US show that since 1990 the number of paediatric patients with AIDS is decreasing while the number of patients with AIDS over age 50 years is increasing. To date, little attention has been given to understanding AIDS risk-taking behaviours, clinical presentations, and therapeutic needs of middle-a
The clinical history of 1538 HIV positive patients was analyzed on the basis of the new CDC classification system of HIV disease and AIDS. This classification system combines three CD4 cell categories (1, 2, and 3) with three clinical categories (A, B, and C) into nine subgroups A1-C3. We examined the overall survival
Endothelin-1 is a recently identified cytokine with potent vasoconstrictor activity which is associated with various diseases involving blood vessels. HIV-1 related retinal microangiopathic syndrome is a frequent finding in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex, presenting predominantly with retinal cotton-wool s
Carroll BT; Anfinson TJ; Kennedy JC; Yendrek R; Boutros M; Bilon A; Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome that may present a difficult diagnostic dilemma. Catatonic disorder due to general medical conditions must be considered in every patient with catatonic signs. Four patients with this disorder are presented. In these patients, general medical conditions associated with catatoni
Bornstein RA; Nasrallah HA; Para MF; Whitacre CC; Fass RJ; Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University College of; Medicine, Columbus.
The relationship between duration of illness and neuropsychological performance was examined in 25 asymptomatic HIV-infected men with an estimated date of seroconversion. Mean duration of illness was approximately 2 years. After controlling for CD4 level at the time of neuropsychological examination, duration of illne
Johnson Z; O'Connor M; Pomeroy L; Johnson H; Barry J; Scully M; Fitzpatrick E; Eastern Health Board, AIDS Resource Centre, Baggot Street; Hospital, Dublin, Eire.
The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of HIV infection and assess the level of equipment-sharing and unsafe sexual activity among attendees at a Dublin needle exchange. Using an anonymous unlinked approach, attendees were asked to complete a brief questionnaire and provide a sample of saliva for HIV test
Nicholas SW; Bateman DA; Ng SK; Dedyo T; Heagarty MC; Department of Pediatrics, Harlem Hospital Center, College of; Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and its association with illicit drug use for mothers being delivered of infants at an inner-city municipal hospital. METHODS: We anonymously tested the umbilical cord blood for HIV-1 antibody of 98.1% (2971/3028) of single
Webb LE; Gechman M; Story K; Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Round Lake, IL 60073.
A new high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the determination of the cysteine prodrug, L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (Procysteine), in human plasma. Samples were mixed with 5% metaphosphoric acid and the supernatants chromatographed using a reversed-phase analytical colum
Dodd RY; American Red Cross Holland Laboratory, Rockville, MD 20855.
Although the current risk of posttransfusion infection is very low in North America and Western Europe, there continues to be considerable interest in measures to inactivate residual viruses in blood components. The human immunodeficiency virus is of greatest concern, but hepatitis C virus is also considered to be a s
Majorel-Riviere H; Centre de Transfusion Sanguine, Valence.
We have decided that it is essential to establish a process to protect patients receiving concentrated red blood cells (CGR) from a residual risk of contamination by the HIV virus or by the hepatitis C virus. Viral inactivation techniques of labile blood products are not presently in use, only safety measures obtained
Cancer Res. 1994 Aug 15;54(16):4270-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94320051
Corbeil J; Richman DD; Wrasidlo W; Nicolaou KC; Looney DJ; Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0679.
We have investigated the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of selected enediynes against three Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) cell lines. The enediynes tested were found to be very potent in inhibiting the growth of KS cells. Treatment with concentrations of 10(-10) M or less were capable of producing 50% inhibition of g
Cancer Res. 1994 Aug 15;54(16):4362-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94320068
Hartmann F; Horak EM; Garmestani K; Wu C; Brechbiel MW; Kozak RW; Tso J; Kosteiny SA; Gansow OA; Nelson DL; et al; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
The efficacy, specificity, and toxicity of bismuth (212Bi) alpha particle-mediated radioimmunotherapy was evaluated in nude mice bearing a murine lymphoma transfected with the human CD25 [human Tac; interleukin 2 receptor alpha (IL-2R alpha)] gene. The therapeutic agent used was the tumor-specific humanized monoclonal
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1994 Jul;39(1):59-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94320119
Talmadge JE; Jackson JD; Borgeson CD; Perry GA; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pathology; and Microbiology, Omaha 68198-5660.
In these studies, we examined the effect of a maximum-tolerated, split-dose chemotherapy protocol of cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea carmustine on neutrophil and lymphocyte, subpopulations in the peripheral blood (PBL), thymus, bone marrow and spleen. It was found that this protoc
The necessity of AIDS educational campaigns is to reduce the spread of HIV infection by changing attitudes and practices related to high-risk behaviours. However, before such programmes are implemented a needs assessment should be conducted. This includes the existing knowledge and attitudes and sexual practices of th
Lessin SR; Vowels BR; Rook AH; Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania,; Philadelphia.
Since the discovery of the first human retrovirus, HTLV-I, and its etiologic role in ATL, the search for a retrovirus and its role in the development and progression of CTCL has been vigorously pursued and debated. Current studies in CTCL have evaluated serum antibodies to retroviral proteins, electron microscopy to i
Smith NP; Skin Tumour Unit, St. John's Institute of Dermatology, St.; Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
This article considers the diagnostic histopathologic criteria for the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, that of mycosis fungoides (MF). The diagnosis of MF, as with any condition, is based on the careful taking of a history, detailed physical examination, and various investigative techniques of which a b
Gabrilovich DI; Woods GM; Patterson S; Harvey JJ; Knight SC; Antigen Presentation Research Group, Clinical Research Centre,; Harrow, U.K.
Dendritic cells (DC) within tissues may acquire and process antigens, carry them into lymph nodes and cluster and activate T cells. The ability of DC to acquire antigen and to migrate to lymph nodes was estimated during murine retroviral infection caused by Rauscher leukaemia virus (RLV). A novel mechanism of inducing
Kehoe NJ; Jellis JE; University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
Patients may present with pathology that is not directly related to their primary complaint. The possibility of the presence of an infecting agent may not be considered and precautions that should be taken may be inappropriately forsaken. A multispecialty study is being undertaken at the University of
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1994 Apr;16(4):359-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94321089
Gallicchio VS; Hughes NK; Department of Medicine, Lucille P. Markey Cancer Center,; Lexington, Kentucky.
The drug zidovudine ( AZT ), a synthetic thymidine analog, has been used in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Clinical use of zidovudine has been associated with the development of hematopoietic toxicity manifested by anemia, n
Lebowitz RA; Sculerati N; Lawrence RM; Ambrosino MM; Department of Otolarygology, New York University School of; Medicine, NY 10016.
The clinical courses of children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who underwent diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy at Bellevue Hospital from 1987-1992 were reviewed to determine the value of the procedure in patient management. Twenty-eight children (age 13 days to 12 years) underwent 31 bronchoscopies for
Valdez IH; Pizzo PA; Atkinson JC; University of Colorado School of Dentistry, Denver.
The prevalence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is steadily increasing among American children. The dental needs of these patients are significant. This study evaluated the oral health of forty children being treated for HIV-infection at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Eight of twenty-two patients
1. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the elderly accounts for 10% of all AIDS cases; although blood transfusion is thought to be the most likely mode of transmission in the elderly, AIDS acquired through sexual contact should not be overlooked. 2. Diagnosing AIDS in the elderly is a major problem; perhaps t
Hanin V; Campagne JM; Dominice C; Mani JC; Dufour MN; Jouin P; Pau B; Immunoanalyse et Innovation en Biologie Clinique, CNRS UMR 9921,; Faculte de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France.
The high binding affinity and specificity of antibodies for a great variety of ligands has been widely exploited in structure-activity relationship studies of biomolecules and more recently in the development of new catalysts for several chemical reactions. It is assumed that antibodies generated against haptenic
Vaccines need to activate antigen presenting cells, overcome genetic restriction in T-cell responses and elicit both T and B memory cells. In order to produce recombinant vaccines which can do this, considerable effort has been put into developing particulate antigen presentation systems to generate polyvalent, high m
Int Rev Immunol. 1994;11(2):143-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94321838
Mancini M; Schlienger K; Tiollais P; Michel ML; Unite de Recombinaison et Expression Genetique, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced by recombinant DNA technology is now widely and safely used worldwide for hepatitis B vaccination. We used the HBsAg particle as a carrier molecule for presentation of selected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) determinants to the immune system. Immunization studi
Maggi E; Giudizi MG; Biagiotti R; Annunziato F; Manetti R; Piccinni MP; Parronchi P; Sampognaro S; Giannarini L; Zuccati G; et al; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of; Florence, Italy.
We analyzed at clonal level the functional profile of circulating or skin-infiltrating T lymphocytes from two individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), suffering from a Job s-like syndrome (eczematous dermatitis, recurrent skin and sinopulmonary infections, and hypergammaglobulinemia E
Heeney JL; van Els C; de Vries P; ten Haaft P; Otting N; Koornstra W; Boes J; Dubbes R; Niphuis H; Dings M; et al; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Biomedical Primate Research; Center, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccine protection from infected cells from another individual of the same species, vaccinated rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were challenged with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from another animal diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Half of the simian immu
Wilson CA; Farrell KB; Eiden MV; Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Institute of Mental Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The gibbon ape leukaemia virus (GaLV) family of type C retroviruses consists of five closely related viral isolates, GaLV SF, GaLV SEATO, GaLV Br, GaLV H and simian sarcoma-associated virus. The cDNA encoding the human receptor for GaLV SEATO had previously been isolated. We now demonstrate that all of the above GaLVs
Casse H; Girerd Y; Gazzolo L; Duc Dodon M; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Claude; Bernard, Faculte de Medecine A. Carrel, Lyon, France.
Human T cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a direct activator of human resting T lymphocytes. The present study was undertaken to delineate further the role of viral particles and to define the involvement of envelope glycoproteins in the induction of T cell mitogenic stimulation. Virus-producing cells treated wi
Kolson DL; Collman R; Hrin R; Balliet JW; Laughlin M; McGann KA; Debouck C; Gonzalez-Scarano F; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Medical; Center, Philadelphia 19104.
Neurological dysfunction in AIDS occurs in the absence of productive infection of neurons, and may involve modulation of neuronal cell function by viral or cellular products released from surrounding infected cells. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) trans-activator protein Tat may be one such factor, as
Kohmoto M; Miyazawa T; Tomonaga K; Kawaguchi Y; Mori T; Tohya Y; Kai C; Mikami T; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo, Japan.
The biological properties of homogeneous populations of feline immunodeficiency viruses derived from infectious, molecular clones of the TM1, TM2 and Petaluma strains were compared. Differences in infectivity for Crandell feline kidney (CRFK) cells, and in syncytium formation and replication kinetics in a feline T lym
Rimmelzwaan GF; Siebelink KH; Huisman RC; Moss B; Francis MJ; Osterhaus AD; Department of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The; Netherlands.
Recombinant vaccinia viruses were constructed that expressed the complete env gene of feline immunodeficiency virus with or without the nucleotide sequence encoding the cleavage site between the surface (SU) protein and the transmembrane (TM) protein. The removal of this cleavage site resulted in the expression of a 1
J Med Virol. 1994 Apr;42(4):338-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94322014
Snoeck R; Gerard M; Sadzot-Delvaux C; Andrei G; Balzarini J; Reymen D; Ahadi N; De Bruyn JM; Piette J; Rentier B; et al; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is recognized as one of the major viral pathogens reactivated in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). We report the case of meningoradiculoneuritis in an AIDS patient,associated with the isolation in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a thymidine kinase (TK)-deficien
J Med Virol. 1994 Apr;42(4):366-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94322017
Adebajo AO; Smith DJ; Hazleman BL; Wreghitt TG; Rheumatology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge,; United Kingdom.
Serum samples from 51 patients with malaria, 35 patients with hepatitis B virus infection, 111 patients with tuberculosis, and 166 healthy controls were studied to determine any associations between tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis B, and AIDS in Nigeria , West Africa. All serum sa
J Med Virol. 1994 Apr;42(4):414-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94322025
Giri AA; Lillo FB; McDermott JL; Jannuzzi C; Risso S; Fornia GL; Concedi DR; Varnier OE; Institute of Microbiology, School of Medicine, G. Gaslini; Children Hospital, Italy.
The detection of HIV-1 proviral DNA in children born to seropositive mothers was studied using the polymerase chain reaction with either a radioactive electrophoretic method or a noval procedure that employs colorimetric microwell visualization. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell lysates from 18 HIV-1 infected children
Bower DA; Webb AA; Stevens D; College of Nursing, University of Akron, OH 44325.
The purpose of this quasiexperimental study was to examine the effectiveness of an experiential workshop on nursing students anxiety and knowledge about AIDS. This study was based on Peplau s interpersonal theory in nursing practice. The sample included 67 senior nursing students and was designed as a three-group pre
Curtis JR; Hooton TM; Nolan CM; Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, Department of; Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98105.
As we approach 2010, the year by which we were to have eliminated TB, we find this ancient disease is making a comeback. This comeback is due to many factors, but the role of HIV infection is clearly important. HIV infection can result in changes in the pathogenesis and presentation of infection with the tubercle baci
Hashida S; Hirota K; Kohno T; Ishikawa E; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Miyazaki, Japan.
Antibody IgG to human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in urine was detected by a sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) using a synthetic peptide, Cys-env gp46(188-224), as antigen, the sensitivity and specificity of which were 100 and 98.5%, respectively, using serum samples.
This article describes the development of a videotape targeted at persons under supervision of the criminal justice system. The videotape seeks to encourage those who use illicit drugs to enter drug treatment and to motivate those at risk for exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to alter behaviors that may t
Five AZT (azidothymidine) prodrugs conjugated with the 1-adamantane moiety via an ester bond were synthesized to improve the transport of AZT into the central nervous system (CNS). In in vitro degradation studies with rat and human plasma, it was demo
Odden K; Schenck K; Koppang H; Hurlen B; Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Norway.
Gingival biopsies were taken from 27 HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-seropositive persons with gingivitis or periodontitis and 16 HIV-seronegative persons with periodontitis. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or periodic acid-Schiff. Candidal hyphae and pseudohyphae were found in the parakeratinized
Hiroki A; Nakamura S; Shinohara M; Oka M; Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyushu; University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Fourteen patients who received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were examined 100 to 220 days after BMT. Ten out of 14 patients were diagnosed as having chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) in skin, liver, eyes and other organs. These cGVHD patients also had objective evidence of oral involvement. Sub
J Med Microbiol. 1994 Aug;41(2):95-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94322377
Nolan A; Lamey PJ; MacFarlane TW; Aitchison TC; Shaw J; Sirel JY; Department of Oral Medicine, Eastman Dental Hospital, London.
This prospective study investigated whether oral candidal carriage in HIV-infected patients was altered by pentamidine therapy. Repeated oral rinses were taken from 56 HIV-positive patients over a 2-year period. Oral candidal carriage was investigated in two groups of patients, one receiving prophylactic pentamidine t
Torrent C; Bordet T; Darlix JL; LaboRetro INSERM, Unite de virologie humaine U412, Ecole Normale; Superieure de Lyon, France.
A sequence of the rat retrotransposon virus-like 30 S RNA (VL30) located next to the 5 end of the Harvey murine sarcoma virus (HaMSV) genome was recently found to form stable dimeric RNA in vitro and to direct the efficient packaging of VL30-derived recombinant RNAs into MuLV virions. To study the structure-function
Antony SJ; Department of Medicine, East Carolina University School of; Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina 27858-4354.
The gastrointestinal tract is the largest lymphoid reservoir of the body and is subject to damage that compromises the cellular and humoral defense mechanism. With the increasing numbers of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), health-care practiti
Nagachinta T; Brown CP; Cheng F; Temple W; Kerndt PR; Janssen RS; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, GA.
In a hospital-based seroprevalence survey for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, a stratified sampling method based on age and gender was used to collect 5429 blood samples at an inner-city hospital. Sentinel Hospital Surveillance System (SHSS) criteria developed by the Centers for Disease Control
JAMA. 1994 Aug 17;272(7):535-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94322450
Cantwell MF; Snider DE Jr; Cauthen GM; Onorato IM; Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control; and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
OBJECTIVE--To examine the distribution and sources of increased tuberculosis (TB) morbidity in the United States from 1985 through 1992. DESIGN--Review of TB surveillance data. PARTICIPANTS--All incident TB cases in the United States reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prev
Yamasaki H; Furuie H; Ando M; First Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University School; of Medicine.
To elucidate the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, we mainly investigated the surface molecules including adhesion molecules on BAL T cells and the functions of BAL T cells such cytokine production, [Ca2+] mobilization, PKC expression. Results are following. Adhesion molecules were up-regulated on BAL T cells compared with
Tamura N; Suzuki K; Iwase A; Yamamoto T; Kira S; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of; Medicine.
Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology. Accumulated data suggest that one or several exogenous or altered self antigens participate in producing pathophysiological change in sarcoidosis. Recently, analysis of retroviruses such as HTLV-1 and HIV-1 revealed that these viruses would produce autoimmun
Sato S; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya City University; Medical School.
Since the introduction of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) by Reynolds and Newball in 1974, this procedure has been used to characterize the cellular and soluble components of alveolar lining fluid in many interstitial lung diseases. We reviewed BAL fluid findings of clinical and pathophysiologic researches in patients wi
Klin Med (Mosk). 1993;71(2):27-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94322565
Potekaev NS; Panshin GA; Sotnikov VM; Kurdina MI
Kaposi s sarcoma and AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma resistant to chemotherapy were irradiated locally in 14 and 1 patient, respectively, and followed up for 1--6 years. The energy (10 MeV) in the total focal dose of 24--40 Gy was emitted as high-speed electrons from a medical accelerator. An immediate response was o
Reddy VM; Parikh K; Luna-Herrera J; Falkinham JO 3rd; Brown S; Gangadharam PR; Mycobacteriology Research Laboratories, University of Illinois; College of Medicine at Chicago.
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) strains from AIDS and non-AIDS patients and from the environment were studied for their colony morphology and virulence in beige mice. The majority of the MAC isolates from AIDS patients, in contrast to those from non-AIDS patients and the environment, showed increased virulence. Simi
Nature. 1994 Aug 11;370(6489):463-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94322938
Pantaleo G; Demarest JF; Soudeyns H; Graziosi C; Denis F; Adelsberger JW; Borrow P; Saag MS; Shaw GM; Sekaly RP; et al; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
A SIGNIFICANT proportion (up to 70%) of individuals experience an acute clinical syndrome of varying severity associated with primary infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We report here studies on six individuals who showed an acute HIV syndrome which generally resolved within four weeks, concomitant
Church JA; Children's AIDS Center, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles.
Standard serologic tests for human immunodeficiency (HIV)-specific antibodies are difficult to interpret in young infants born at risk for HIV infection owing to transplacentally acquired maternal IgG. This article reviews the treatment advantages of early diagnosis of HIV infection, the indications for HIV testing in
Universal precautions are a way of reducing risks to patients, clients and health-care professionals from infection via body fluids. This paper outlines the principles underlying universal precautions, and looks at the practicalities of their implementation.
This paper describes the work of a nurse practitioner specialising in male sexual health. The need for outreach work with men providing sexual services is discussed, and specific problems in health promotion are dealt with. A case study illustrates the points made in the paper, and a list of useful telephone numbers f
Public Health Rev. 1993-94;21(3-4):285-91; discussion 293-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94323501
Slater PE; Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem,; Israel.
Calculation of risk-group-specific rates of HIV infection in the adult population of Israel results in the identification of four groups comprising, in total, less than 2% of the population, each of which carries a relative risk of infection of 500 or more. An estimated 90% of infe
Foresti V; Villa A; De Filippi G; Numeroso R; III Divisione di Medicina Generale, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli,; Milano.
A reduction in the Dco has been frequently found in intravenous drug addicts (IVDAs) and in subjects with HIV infection. Since also cigarette smoking decreases Dco, we studied a group of street IVDAs, who did not show respiratory symptoms and/or infiltrates on chest x-ray film. Sixty-two patients were presently smokin
Gaeta GB; Gradoni L; Gramiccia M; di Martino L; Pizzuti R; Pempinello R; Scotti S; Maisto A; Clinica Malattie Infettive, II Universita, Napoli.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a public health problem in most countries bordering the Mediterranean sea. The disease has been found in central and southern Italy , Sicily, Sardinia; some pockets are present in Liguria. Dogs are the reservoirs and the vectors are some species of sand
Stat Med. 1994 May 15;13(9):955-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94323613
Fleming TR; Prentice RL; Pepe MS; Glidden D; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle; 98195.
Surrogate endpoints have been defined by Prentice as response variables that can substitute for a true endpoint for the purpose of comparing specific interventions or treatments in a clinical trial. The applicability of this definition, and of related surrogate endpoint criteria, is discussed, with emphasis on cance
Stat Med. 1994 May 15;13(9):969-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94323614
Taylor JM; Chon Y; Department of Biostatistics, UCLA School of Public Health 90024.
We use a penalized likelihood approach to obtain a smooth estimate of a bivariate distribution from grouped data where each observation consists of a region in a plane. The purpose of the analysis is to estimate the incubation period distribution of AIDS from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, a prevalent cohort of ho
N'Dhatz M; Domoua K; Coulibaly G; Traore F; Konan JB; Beaumel A; Lucas S; Decock KM; Dago-Akribi A; Yapi A; Service de PPH, CHU de Treichville Abidjan.
A necroscopic study, conducted in the Pathology Department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Treichville in Abidjan, included 70 seropositive subjects who died in the Pneumophtisiology Department. We attempted to determine the different pulmonary affections occurring during infection with the human immu
Dekaban GA; King EE; Arp J; Palker TJ; Rice GP; Immunology Group, John P. Robarts Research Institute, London,; Ontario, Canada.
We have compared the immunoglobulin isotype and IgG subclass and the titre of neutralizing antibody responses to the human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) between a group of asymptomatic HTLV-I infected individuals and a group with the neurological disease HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic parapa
Young LS; Wormser GP; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases,; California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco 94115.
The resurgence of tuberculosis has been documented in both developed and developing countries and is associated with the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In the USA, the steady decline in the incidence of tuberculosis witnessed during the past three decades has halted, and since early 1986, a re
Hartmann K; Kuffer M; Egberink H; Lutz H; Kraft W; I. Medizinischen Tierklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat; Munchen.
The FIV PetCheck ELISA is a practical and commercially available method routinely used for the detection of anti-FIV antibodies in FIV infection. However, false positive and false negative results occur, although the reliability of the negative results is higher than that of the positive results. To determine the pred
Fuchs A; Binzel L; Lonsdorfer M; IDEXX GmbH, Worrstadt.
In a nationwide study 6101 cats were tested for presence of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) antigen and for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) antibodies utilizing enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 21.8% of the German cat population may be FeLV- and/or FIV-positive. Of the animals tested, 13.4% were found to be
The authors emphasize the necessity of urgent practical measures that will provide effective prevention of HIV infection of medical staff, students and patients at orthodontic clinics. These measures imply rearrangement of the order of medical consultations at clinics and of lessons in order to enhance the antiepidemi
West J Med. 1994 May;160(5):447-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94324157
Miller RG; Department of Neurology, California Pacific Medical Center, San; Francisco.
At least 4 distinct peripheral neuropathy syndromes occur in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The most common, painful sensory neuropathy, may be related to the viral infection or may be medication induced and is treated symptomatically. The ot
Gebhardt M; Paget J; Estermann J; Bundesamt fur Gesundheitswesen, Bern-Liebefeld.
AIDS cases diagnosed in Switzerland after the revision of 1987 and reported to the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health until 31.12.1992 were categorised according to whether they conformed to the diagnostic criteria valid before the revision (= pre-87-group) or only to the n
Beressi A; Sunheimer RL; Huish S; Finck C; Pincus MR; Department of Pathology, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse; 13210.
Very recently there have been sporadic reports of polymyositis in patients who are positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The cause of this condition has not been documented. Recent evidence has been presented which indicates that the Coxsackie B virus may be a causative factor. Presentation is made of a pat
Martinez P; Gonzalez de Etxabarri S; Munoz J; Santamaria JM; Ereno C; Miguel F; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Basurto, Bilbao.
OBJECTIVE: To study the spectrum of liver disease in the infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to assess the usefulness and indications of liver biopsy. PATIENTS: Fifty eight HIV seropositive patients (48 intravenous drugs users) were prospectively studied by means percutaneous liver biopsy, because
Biochemistry. 1994 Aug 9;33(31):9351-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94325303
Polgar L; Szeltner Z; Boros I; Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest.
The most preferred residue in the substrates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) protease is glutamic acid in the P2 position. The catalytic importance of this charged residue has been studied to obtain a detailed insight into the mechanism of action, which will promote drug design to combat the virus. To this en
Ultrastructural changes of large intestine cells were studied during AIDS and experimental grippe. The results obtained allow to determine the succession of ultrastructural changes by four groups, in which the changes of adenylate cyclase activity were included. The differences of diagnostic investigations were studie
Blood. 1994 Aug 15;84(4):1020-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94325540
Eyster ME; Fried MW; Di Bisceglie AM; Goedert JJ; Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of; Medicine, Hershey 17033.
We have previously observed an increased frequency of liver failure in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected hemophiliacs. The purpose of this study was to quantitate hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels in serial samples from HIV-seropositive (HIV+) and HIV-seronegative (HIV-) hemophiliacs before and after HIV se
Kishimoto C; Hiraoka Y; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama; Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
We review recent manuscripts concerning the pathogenesis as well as the treatment of myocarditis. The development of myocarditis is related to inflammatory cell infiltration, progressive and additive focal cellular necrosis, and associated reactive myocardial fibrosis. These processes may be initiated and perpetuated
Maeda Y; Matsuda M; Irimajiri K; Horiuchi A; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kinki University School of; Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
The immunological abnormality of T lymphocytes in patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) is characterized by the abnormal enhanced expression of the 55 kDa chain of the receptor for interleukin 2 (IL-2R/p55) (Tac), and down-regulation of CD3 antigen. Using serum and culture supernatants of leukemic cells from ATL p
Suzushima H; Asou N; Hattori T; Takatsuki K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; School of Medicine, Japan.
Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is a mature T-cell malignancy which is caused by human T lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I). Most of the ATL cells are CD3+, CD4+, CD8-, and T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha beta+ and also express activated antigens such as HLA-DR and interleukin-2 receptor (IL2R) alpha chain (CD25). Diminished
Zhu X; Wittner M; Tanowitz HB; Cali A; Weiss LM; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461.
The microsporidian species Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Septata intestinalis and Ameson michaelis were compared by using sequence data of their rRNA gene segments, which were amplified by polymerized chain reaction and directly sequenced. The forward primer 530f (5 -GTGCCATCCAGCCGCGG-3 ) was in the small subunit rRNA (SSU
Carr A; Vasak E; Munro V; Penny R; Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
The pathogenesis of drug hypersensitivity in patients with HIV infection is unknown. To study further the nature of hypersensitivity, the histopathological features of morbilliform drug hypersensitivity reactions were examined in a group of HIV-infected patients. Skin sections from 23 HIV-infected subjects with morbil
Bach JF; INSERM U 25, Hopital Necker, Paris, France.
Early therapy made possible by the predictive tests discussed above, using selective or even antigen-specific therapy, opens the way to more radical and much more innocuous therapeutic approaches of major AIDs. It should be realized, however, that before the putative autoantigens have been identified, immunotherapy mu
Puro V; Lo Presti E; Trombetta R; Benedetto A; Leonetti GP; Spano A; Ippolito G; Unita' Operativa AIDS RM-10, Ospedale L. Spallazani, Rome, Italy.
An anonymous unlinked seroprevalence study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was performed by testing pools of ten sera remaining from specimens submitted consecutively to clinical pathology laboratories at 18 Italian public hospitals during four consecutive days in April 1991. Sera from positive pools w
Malave Lara C; Gorrino MT; Campelo C; Lardelli P; Cisterna R; Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Basque; Country, Bilbao, Spain.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyze the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 20 patients with AIDS with and without conventional HBV serological markers. DNA sequences of HBV were detected in PBMCs from 13 patients, nine of whom were p
Gorrino MT; Campelo C; Suarez MD; Santamaria A; Malave C; Cisterna R; Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, School; of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain.
HIV-1 seronegative patients at high risk for HIV infection were followed up. In 1990 PCR was positive for HIV DNA sequences in samples of 17 seronegative patients who continued to report for surveillance of HIV infection. There was clear evidence of seroconversion in four of these 17 seronegative patients, while in on
Eur Respir J. 1994 May;7(5):946-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94326906
Migliori GB; Borghesi A; Spanevello A; Eriki P; Raviglione M; Maciocco G; Morandi A; Ballardini L; Neri M; Division of Pneumology, Clinica del Lavoro Foundation, IRCCS,; Medical Center of Rehabilitation, Tradate, Italy.
The main goals of our study were to evaluate: 1) the annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) and its annual decrease in Uganda ; 2) the expected incidence of new tuberculosis cases and the notification rate; and 3) the role of incentives given to children tested in increasing c
Ross PE; Landis SE; Mountain Area Health Education Center Family Practice Residency,; Asheville, NC.
BACKGROUND: Primary care physicians need to assess their patients sexual behaviors to help prevent, diagnose, and treat sexually transmitted diseases. However, few physicians take sexual histories. We developed an educational curriculum aimed at increasing the frequency with which our residents take sexual histories
Didier ES; Varner PW; Didier PJ; Aldras AM; Millichamp NJ; Murphey-Corb M; Bohm R; Shadduck JA; Department of Microbiology, Tulane Regional Primate Research; Center, Covington, LA 70433.
Microsporidia cause opportunistic infections in AIDS patients and commonly infect laboratory animals, as well. Euthymic C57B1/6 mice experimentally infected with intraperitoneal injections of 1 x 10(6) Encephalitozoon cuniculi Levaditi, Nicolau et Schoen, 1923, Encephalitozoon hellem Didier et al., 1991, or Nosema cor
Brasseur P; Favennec L; Lemeteil D; Roussel F; Ballet JJ; Department of Parasitology, Hopital Charles Nicolle, Rouen,; France.
Cryptosporidium parvum causes life-threatening diarrhoea in immunocompromised, especially AIDS patients and the efficiency of proposed anti-cryptosporidial therapies is limited or doubtful. An immunosuppressed adult rat model of C. parvum infection was developed for screening molecules candidate for curative and preve
Int J Cancer. 1994 Aug 1;58(3):446-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94327259
Ibrahim F; Fiette L; Gessain A; Buisson N; de-The G; Bomford R; Unite d'Epidemiologie des Virus Oncogenes, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
The susceptibilities of different strains of inbred rats to infection with the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) after inoculation of human HTLV-I producer cell lines were compared. The Fisher F344 and Brown Norway strains developed the highest antibody response to HTLV-I, while
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994 May 15;204(10):1606-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94327391
Yilma T; International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical; Disease Agents, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of; California, Davis 95616.
el Kharroubi A; Verdin E; Laboratory of Viral and Molecular Pathogenesis, National; Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We have examined by in vitro footprinting a region located downstream of the human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) promoter found to be hypersensitive to DNase I digestion in vivo. Recognition sites for several constitutive or inducible DNA binding factors were identified. Three AP-1 binding sites and an AP-3-l
In a search for novel factors that interact with the octamer element, immunoglobulin kappa light chain (V kappa) and heavy chain VH) gene promoters were compared for binding to nuclear proteins from lymphoid cells. Both promoters showed a similar pattern of bound factors, which was entirely different from that seen wi
Imataka H; Nakayama K; Yasumoto K; Mizuno A; Fujii-Kuriyama Y; Hayami M; Research Center for Immunodeficiency, Institute for Virus; Research, Kyoto, Japan.
BTEB is a GC-box binding transcription factor that can activate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat and cellular gene promoters containing multiple GC boxes. The present studies showed that although BTEB mRNA was expressed in various tissues of mammals and cell lines, the expression of BTEB protei
Corthesy B; Kao PN; Institut de Biologie Animale, Universite de Lausanne,; Switzerland.
NF-AT is a lymphoid-specific transcription factor that is though to be largely responsible for determining the cell type-specific expression of the interleukin 2 (IL2) gene. Using two different purification schemes, we found that the NF-AT binding site present in the IL2 promoter is the target for two distinct polypep
Constantine NT; Bansal J; Zhang X; Hyams KC; Hayes C; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of; Pathology, Baltimore.
Chemiluminescence indicator systems offer several advantages for diagnostic assays and have been used successfully to increase the sensitivity of antibody and antigen assays. A technique of enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) was applied as a replacement for routine chromogenic substrates on HIV-1 Western blots. The resu
Belec L; Gresenguet G; Dragon MA; Meillet D; Pillot J; Unite d'Immunologie Microbienne, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.
In order to evaluate a commercial immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody capture enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) (Wellcozyme HIV1 + 2 Gacelisa; Murex Diagnostics Limited, Dartford, United Kingdom ) for the detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vaginal secretion sam
Asihene PJ; Kline RL; Moss MW; Carella AV; Quinn TC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196.
The Genie HIV-1/HIV-2 rapid assay was compared with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot (immunoblot) by using 540 serum specimens from four different populations. The Genie HIV-1/HIV-2 assay was easy to perform, required no equipment, provided visual results within 10 min, and demonstrated excellent
Paul MO; Tetali S; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University; Hospital-Cornell, University Medical College, Manhasset, New York; 11030.
In this study, we examined variables related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolation utilizing samples from 51 HIV-infected (153 plasma and 122 peripheral blood mononuclear cell [PBMC] samples) and 57 uninfected (182 plasma and 163 PBMC samples) infants. Our chief observation was that cryopreservation of donor
Teel LD; Finelli MR; Johnson SC; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military; Medicine, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307.
The rates of isolation of Mycoplasma species from bronchoalveolar lavages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and HIV-negative patients were compared. Mycoplasma species were more frequently isolated from HIV-positive patients. In most cases, a known pulmonary pathogen was also identified. All samp
Sundsfjord A; Spein AR; Lucht E; Flaegstad T; Seternes OM; Traavik T; Department of Virology, School of Medicine, University of Tromso,; Norway.
Our understanding of important stages in the pathogenesis of the human polyomavirus BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) infections is limited. In this context, nasopharyngeal aspirates from 201 children with respiratory diseases and saliva from 60 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected adults and 10 healthy adult
Zipeto D; Sarasini A; Rossi F; Baldanti F; Revello MG; Milanesi G; Gerna G; Instituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionistica del Consiglio; Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pavia, Italy.
In an AIDS patient with a disseminated human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, presence of HCMV in blood was repeatedly excluded by the shell vial culture method with the HCMV immediate-early (IE) antigen-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) 5D2 currently employed for rapid HCMV iden
Hanada K; Hashimoto I; Baba T; Tamura T; Kishibe S; Department of Dermatology, Hirosaki University School of; Medicine, Japan.
An AIDS patient with the cardinal complaint of severe pigmentation on the face is reported. Hyperpigmentation is an unusual symptom of AIDS. This is a Japanese patient who presented melanosis Riehl-like discoloration. The importance of pigmented lesions in patients who have not been given any anti-HIV agents has not b
Neidle EA; Columbia University, School of Dental and Oral Surgery, New York,; NY 10032.
This article presents one author s view of the dentist s obligations to patients, to the community, to the profession, and to the principles of ethics in a highly troubling time of serious infectious diseases. It essentially is an optimistic view that, while the epidemic of AIDS will continue and tuberculosis may beco
Denis M; Pulmonary Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Sherbrooke, Canada.
We examined the interaction between HIV-1 Tat protein and the opportunistic pathogen Mycobacterium avium. AIDS-associated strains of M. avium were shown to bind Tat protein quite avidly in an attachment assay. The attachment of M. avium to Tat was shown to occur via the integrin alpha 5 beta 1 present on the mycobacte
Ford H; Wright J; Good Shepherd Hospital, Siteki, Swaziland.
STUDY OBJECTIVE--To describe the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcome of bacterial meningitis in Swaziland . DESIGN--Prospective study of patients diagnosed as having meningitis of nonviral aetiology during an 18 month period from February 1991 to July 1992. SETTING--Four
Milstien S; Sakai N; Brew BJ; Krieger C; Vickers JH; Saito K; Heyes MP; Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental; Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Nitric oxide has been proposed to mediate cytotoxic effects in inflammatory diseases. To investigate the possibility that overproduction of nitric oxide might play a role in the neuropathology of inflammatory and noninflammatory neurological diseases, we compared levels of the markers of nitric oxide, nitrite plus nit
Loveland KA; Stehbens J; Contant C; Bordeaux JD; Sirois P; Bell TS; Hill S; Scott A; Bowman M; Schiller M; et al; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of; Texas Medical School at Houston 77030.
Reported baseline findings from the neurological assessment component of the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study (HGDS). HIV-positive (HIV+; n = 207) and HIV-negative (HIV-; n = 126) young males with hemophilia ages 6 to 18 years, were enrolled in a prospective study of their growth and development. At baseline, H
North J; Coombs R; Levy J; Quadra Logic Technologies, Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia,; Canada.
The photosensitizer benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (BPD) has been investigated regarding its ability to destroy free and cell-associated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) when activated by light. Experiments with free virus in tissue culture medium indicate that light-activated BPD was effective i
Hinkula J; Bratt G; Gilljam G; Nordlund S; Broliden PA; Holmberg V; Olausson-Hansson E; Albert J; Sandstrom E; Wahren B; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Mouse monoclonal antibodies with high human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) neutralizing titers were used for passive immunotherapy of eleven late-state HIV-infected patients. In five patients the serum level of the core protein p24 decreased, while in five cases it remained unchanged. The level of viral RNA in
Simonon A; Lepage P; Karita E; Hitimana DG; Dabis F; Msellati P; Van Goethem C; Nsengumuremyi F; Bazubagira A; Van de Perre P; National AIDS Control Programme, AIDS Reference Laboratory,; Kigali, Rwanda.
To approximate the contributions of in utero, intrapartum, and postnatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) and to evaluate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a diagnostic tool for pediatric HIV infection, blood was collected at birth (cord blood), and at 3, 6-12, and 13-24 months in 218 child
Diaz T; Chu SY; Conti L; Sorvillo F; Checko PJ; Hermann P; Fann SA; Frederick M; Boyd D; Mokotoff E; et al; Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for Infectious Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; 30333.
To describe past risk behaviors among persons with heterosexually acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we interviewed 497 persons > or = 18 years of age with heterosexually acquired HIV infection reported to 11 state and city health departments in the United States . T
Kamae I; Yamamoto K; Department of Medical Informatics, Shimane Medical University,; Izumo.
The interest in the optimal combination of the diagnostic tests is growing in terms of reasoning rationale and cost-effectiveness of the diagnostic system. As an example of the two-stage test system, we investigated the sensitivity, specificity, and posterior probabilities of the HIV screening system with incomplete i
Miyachi H; Fusegawa H; Ando Y; Department of Clinical Pathology, Tokai University School of; Medicine.
Recent developments in medical technology have caused a great change in infectious diseases, as characterized by epidemics of antibiotics-resistant bacteria, opportunistic infection in compromised hosts, and blood-borne viral infections such as hepatitis virus and human immunodeficiency virus. In the diagnosis of such
Chevalley GF; Olmari M; Bonvin ER; Dosso AA; Sansonetti A; Hirschel B; Leuenberger PM; Clinique universitaire d'ophtalmologie de Geneve.
Cytomegalovirus retinitis ( CMV ) is the most common ocular opportunistic infection seen in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The anterior segment is usually quiet or with minimal aqueous humour flare and cell reaction. Nevertheless, in this prosp
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyse our ARN-patients, perform an extensive review of the literature, suggest a physiopathogenic hypothesis for the disease that should influence the therapeutical approach of these cases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1985 to 1993, 15 HIV-negative cases of ARN were seen in ou
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Jun 4;103(1):10-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94328652
Llorente MR; Carton JA; Carcaba V; Rodriguez-Pinto C; Maradona JA; Asensi V; Fernandez-Urgelles M; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospitales de Cabuenes, Gijon.
BACKGROUND: The frequency, clinical significance and prognosis of the lupic anticoagulant and the anticardiolipin antibodies were analyzed in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus infection. METHODS: A group of 34 consecutive patients seropositive to HIV with lupic anticoagulant was studied in relation with 7
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Jun 4;103(1):19-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94328655
Xercavins J; Sprecher S; Miller K; Yazbeck H; Cos T; Villanueva R; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Hospital; Universitario del Mar, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona.
BACKGROUND: A prospective study was carried out in pregnant women seropositive for HIV-1 who wished to interrupt the pregnancy with the aim of detecting the specific sequences of DNA in fetal blood obtained by cordocentesis during the second trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: The samples of fetal blood were obtained by
Mukae H; Kohno S; Morikawa N; Kadota J; Matsukura S; Hara K; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Miyazaki Medical College,; Japan.
To determine the immunologic characteristics of T-cells in local pulmonary lesions of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) carriers, we investigated lymphocyte surface markers in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of 38 HTLV-I carriers, 8 HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic p
Nature. 1994 Aug 18;370(6490):555-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94329176
Gearing AJ; Beckett P; Christodoulou M; Churchill M; Clements J; Davidson AH; Drummond AH; Galloway WA; Gilbert R; Gordon JL; et al; British Biotech, Cowley, Oxford, UK.
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a potent pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokine implicated in inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn s disease, multiple sclerosis and the cachexia associated with cancer or human immunodeficiency virus infection. TNF-alpha is initially expressed
Rittmannsberger H; Ruschak M; Silberbauer C; Beratungsstelle POINT (Trager: pro mente infirmis),; Wagner-Jauregg-Krankenhaus Linz.
Methadone maintenance treatment was introduced in Austria in 1987. The organisation of a methadone maintenance program in Upper Austria is described and the results of a follow up study 3 years after start of the program are presented. As positive effects of methadone treatment co
van Eer MY; Kroon FP; van Furth R; Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Leiden,; Netherlands.
Outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; MDR-TB) have recently been reported in hospitals in the United States . Rapid spread of these bacilli and a high mortality among immunocompromised patients, i.e. HIV-infected individuals and A
Khalife J; Pierce RJ; Godin C; Capron A; Centre d'immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, INSERM U; 167-CNRS 624, Institut Pasteur, Lille, France.
We have previously described a rat mAb directed against a peptide derived from the vif protein of HIV-1 that recognized two Schistosoma mansoni (Sm) antigens with a major band at 65 kDa. Epitope mapping of this mAb using overlapping hexapeptides derived from the vif peptide revealed that the motif recognized was PLPSV
We observed a polycystic and cavitating presentation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as primary manifestation of AIDS in a patient with previously unknown HIV-infection. Pneumocystis carinii was histologically proved by transbronchial biopsy but not by bronchoalveolar lavage. A nearly complete resolution of all pulm
Franz P; Swoboda H; Quint C; Universitats-HNO-Klinik, Wien.
Non-neoplastic disorders of the salivary glands are divided into the following groups: malformations, salivary gland cysts, sialadenosis, sialolithiasis, sialadenitis, HIV-associated salivary gland disease, oncocytosis and necrotizing sialometaplasia (salivary gland infarction). Clinically, an etiological classificati
Reyes-Teran G; Alcocer Varela J; Departamento de Infectologia, Instituto Nacional de la; Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico, D.F.
The immunopathogenic mechanisms of the human immunodeficiency virus infection and the precise events that are involved in the clinical latency period are extremely complex and remain unknown. Thus, at the present time, there is no way to prevent or revert the disease, though several and innovative forms of treatment h
Rev Med Interne. 1994 Jan;15(1):13-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94329695
Ragnaud JM; Morlat P; Gin H; Dupon M; Delafaye C; du Pasquier P; Aubertin J; Clinique medicale et des maladies infectieuses, hopital; Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France.
We reviewed the thirty cases of cytomegalovirus infections with occurred in previously healthy patients, hospitalised for fever from 1981 to 1992. Pregnant women, transplant recipients, HIV infected persons and all immunocompromised subjects were excluded. We observed 34 cases (18
Barreto J; Liljestrand J; Palha de Sousa C; Bergstrom S; Bottiger B; Biberfeld G; De la Cruz F; National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Maputo,; Mozambique.
The seroprevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 among pregnant women in Maputo, the capital of Mozambique , was compared between the years 1982/83, 1988 and 1990. None of the 432 serum samples collected in 1982/83 was positive for HIV antibodies whereas in 1988 the HIV-1 and HIV-2 seropre
May T; Rabaud C; Amiel C; Lemaire JC; Gerard A; Canton P; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHU Nancy; Brabois, France.
A case of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA) in a HIV-infected patient with granulomatous Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is described. This is the third case of HPOA associated with AIDS reported in the literature. Granulomatous P. carinii pneumonia is an unusual manifestation of P. carinii infection. Surg
Science. 1994 Aug 12;265(5174):956-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94329809
Kopp E; Ghosh S; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine,; New Haven, CT 06536.
The transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) is critical for the inducible expression of multiple cellular and viral genes involved in inflammation and infection including interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and adhesion molecules. The anti-inflammatory drugs sodium salicylate and aspirin inhibited the activat
Swed Dent J. 1994;18(1-2):9-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94329921
Hellgren K; Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Lund; University, Malmo, Sweden.
150 community dentists and 200 private general dental practitioners in southern Sweden were asked about the frequency of glove use in dental practice and related issues. This was a 3-year follow-up study. 76% of the community GDPs and 29% of the private GDPs used gloves regularly i
Urologe A. 1994 May;33(3):224-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330074
Fischer C; Miller J; Gahr M; Ringert RH; Urologische Klinik, Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen.
Up to December 1993, a total of 10858 AIDS cases were reported to the central AIDS registry at the Federal Health Office. Human immunodeficiency virus is acquired through needle sharing (i.v. drug users), contaminated blood transfusions, intercourse with infected persons and transplacentally by fetuses. In
Chowdhury IH; Koyanagi Y; Hazeki O; Ui M; Yamamoto N; Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University,; School of Medicine, Japan.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in U1 cells that are latently infected with HIV-1 to produce viral particles. Pertussis toxin, which inactivates several members of the G protein family of signaling components,
West J Med. 1994 Jun;160(6):540-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330164
Thiede H; Harris NV; McGough JP; Roberts B; Khabbaz RF; Kaplan JE; Seattle-King County Department of Public Health, Washington.
We investigated the prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types I and II among drug users entering treatment in King County, Washington, between 1988 and 1990. Of 762 injection-drug users, 81 (10.6%) were HTLV-positive; of 89 noninjection-drug users, 2 (2%) were HTLV-positive. Most (95.8%) of those type
Complete remission can be achieved in 50 to 80% of adult patients with high-grade non-Hodgkin s lymphoma [2, 33]. The average disease-free survival is 40 to 50% at 3 years and 30 to 35% at 5 years [2, 6]. The diagnosis of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma should still be based on the histopat
Horsmans Y; Lerut J; Donataccio M; Otte JB; Geubel AP; Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, St-Luc University Hospital; (U.C.L.), Brussels, Belgium.
Viral infections after liver transplantation represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. These agents may be introduced into the patient through the allograft, infusion of blood, blood products, and intravenous lines... Reactivation of latent viruses related to immunosuppression is also frequently observed aft
Am J Gastroenterol. 1994 Aug;89(8):1226-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330445
Lu SS; Schwartz JM; Simon DM; Brandt LJ; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New; York.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical manifestations and therapeutic responses of Clostridium difficile infection in HIV-infected and noninfected individuals. METHODS: Patients were identified for this study if they had C. difficile toxin in the stool. The patients were then followed prospectively by the investigators. A
Am J Gastroenterol. 1994 Aug;89(8):1255-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330454
Morrison YY; Rathbun RC; Huycke MM; Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University; of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1994 Aug 15;118(2):152-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330469
Lee WR; Chawla JC; Reid R; University Department of Ophthalmology, Western Infirmary,; Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
A 70-year-old man had unilateral congestion of the right upper eyelid, which contained a nodular mass. A biopsy was performed, and histologic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural studies disclosed a pseudoneoplastic proliferation of endothelial cells and pericytes in a region containing clumps of bacteria. This co
Am J Ophthalmol. 1994 Aug 15;118(2):212-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330476
Gangan PA; Besen G; Munguia D; Freeman WR; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego.
Central visual loss in cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occurs in two forms: direct macular tissue destruction and secondary involvement as part of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. We treated 32 patients (35 eyes) with macular e
Am J Pathol. 1994 Aug;145(2):428-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330516
Lackner AA; Vogel P; Ramos RA; Kluge JD; Marthas M; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, MA 01772.
The extent of virus replication, tissue distribution, localization of virus within tissues, and the presence of pathological lesions was examined early after experimental infection of rhesus monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Three strains of SIV were used: molecularly cloned pathogenic SIVmac239; molec
Oster MH; Enders SR; Samuels SJ; Cone LA; Hooton TM; Browder HP; Flynn NM; University of California at Davis.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of a megestrol acetate liquid formulation (800 mg/d) on body weight, body composition, caloric intake, and mental outlook in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who had cachexia. DESIGN: Twelve-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Marroni M; Gresele P; Landonio G; Lazzarin A; Coen M; Vezza R; Sinnone MS; Boschetti E; Nosari AM; Stagni G; et al; University of Perugia, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of interferon-alpha for severe, zidovudine-resistant, HIV-1-related thrombocytopenia. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, crossover trial. SETTING: Outpatient clinics in Central Northern Italy . PATIENTS:
Ann Neurol. 1994 Aug;36(2):149-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330684
Kira J; Koyanagi Y; Yamada T; Itoyama Y; Tateishi J; Akizuki S; Kishikawa M; Baba E; Nakamura M; Suzuki J; et al; Department of Neurology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
The nucleotide sequence of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in central nervous system tissue was determined in 3 autopsy cases with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and 1 seropositive carrier without HAM/TSP but with multiple sclerosis. All HAM/TSP samples (3 spinal cords
D'Ettorre C; Levine RL; Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood; Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
The protease encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is essential for the processing of viral polyproteins into mature viral proteins. The 99-residue protease from HIV-1 contains two generally conserved cysteine residues, one of which (Cys-67) is located on the solvent-exposed surface. It was shown previ
Pomilla PV; Brown RB; Infectious Disease Division, Baystate Medical Center,; Springfield, MA.
Most adults with community-acquired pneumonia are treated as outpatients. Despite this, the majority of studies regarding community-acquired pneumonia have been in hospitalized patients only and may not be applicable to an ambulatory population. This review critically examines the literature regarding the diagnosis, c
Wenger NS; Kusseling FS; Beck K; Shapiro MF; Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles.
BACKGROUND: Public health efforts to stop the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) emphasize behavior change among all persons at risk of infection. Yet efficient physician-based intervention might be targeted toward persons infected with HIV. To evaluate the need for intervention among HIV-infected person
Zell SC; Goodman PH; Department of Medicine, University of Nevada School of Medicine,; Reno.
BACKGROUND: To assess the agreement between patients and physicians about the appropriate time to seek medical attention for symptom complexes commonly encountered in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, identifying potential suboptimal utilization of health care services. METHODS: A questionnaire consisting of
Weibel M; Balzarini J; Bernhardt A; Mamont P; Marion Merrell Dow Research Institute, Strasbourg, France.
2 ,3 dideoxyinosine (ddI) has potent activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but is rapidly metabolized by erythrocytic purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), and therefore has a very short plasma half-life in rodents, monkeys and in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is now reported that
Qian M; Bui T; Ho RJ; Unadkat JD; Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington School of; Pharmacy, Seattle 98195.
3 -Azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) is currently under clinical investigation to assess its potential to inhibit maternal-fetal HIV transmission. To determine the activation of AZT to its phosphorylated metabolites by placental cells, we characterized th
Annu Rev Public Health. 1994;15:487-509. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94331077
Aday LA; University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston 77225.
The notion of risk underlying the concept of vulnerability implies that everyone is potentially vulnerable (or at risk), that is, there is always a chance of developing health problems. The risk is, however, greater for those with the least social status, social capital, and human capital resources to either prevent o
We examined the impact of standardisation of allogenous bone transplantation according to the HIV protection guidelines on procedure quality using a questionnaire. As far as preparation, storage temperature and safety of the transplant are concerned, we showed an improvement in comparison to previous records. Hepatiti
Barry M; Howe JL; Ormesher S; Back DJ; Breckenridge AM; Bergin C; Mulcahy F; Beeching N; Nye F; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of; Liverpool.
1. Zidovudine (ZDV) has proved unsuccessful in controlling disease progression over extended periods of time in patients with AIDS. Combination of ZDV with another reverse transcriptase inhibitor, dideoxyinosine (ddI) may improve the duration of effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy. The aim of this study was to inv
Taylor TV; Engler P; Pullan BR; Holt S; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
The application of low-voltage direct electrical current (DEC) has been studied in animals and humans for the ablation of anal condylomata, oesophageal cancer and Kaposi s sarcoma. Twenty milliamps of DEC passed through multiple 6 cm x 1 cm, flat-plate longitudinal electrodes into the squamous mucosa of the oesophagus
Gendrel D; Kombila M; Beaudoin-Leblevec G; Richard-Lenoble D; Hopital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris, France.
Relapses of enteric fever induced by Schistosoma intercalatum have been observed to occur in central Africa. In Libreville, Gabon , 70 children (ages, 2.1-15.9 years) who were seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus and were hospitalized for septicemic salmonellosis underwent r
Glaser CA; Angulo FJ; Rooney JA; Program in AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco 94105.
A number of animal-associated infections occur in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including those due to Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium, Microsporida, Salmonella, Campylo-bacter, Giardia, Rhodococcus equi, Rochalimaea, and Listeria monocytogenes. Most of these infections, with the exc
Landman D; Sarai A; Sathe SS; Department of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, Brooklyn, New York 11209.
Severe weight loss is a common manifestation of advanced infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. The level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), an inducer of cachexia in laboratory animals, is elevated in the serum of some patients with AIDS. In a pilot study, five patients with unexplained AIDS-relate
In Vivo. 1994 Jan-Feb;8(1):43-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94331589
Stoica G; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary; Medicine, Texas A and M University, College Station 77843.
Kaposi s sarcoma is most accurately described as a multifocal angioproliferative lesion primarily involving the skin, although some studies indicated concomitant and/or exclusive visceral involvement. The mechanism(s) involved in Kaposi s sarcoma development, especially AIDS multiorgan distributed form, is not complet
Chui DW; Owen RL; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
There are increasing challenges for the practising gastroenterologist in treating AIDS-related gastrointestinal diseases. The differential diagnoses of dysphagia and odynophagia include cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) and herpes simple
Spreer J; Enenkel-Stoodt S; Funk M; Fiedler A; de Simone A; Hacker H; Radiologische Abteilung, Universitatsklinik Koln.
The neuroradiological studies (CT, MRI, angiography) in 21 children with perinatal HIV infection were reviewed retrospectively. No patient showed an intracranial mass lesion; after intravenous contrast medium application there was no case with disturbed blood-brain barrier. Common non-specific findings were atrophy an
Math Biosci. 1994 Jun;121(2):235-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94331887
Stilianakis NI; Schenzle D; Dietz K; Department of Medical Biometry, University of Tubingen, Germany.
In this paper stochastic simulations of a model for AIDS pathogenesis developed by Nowak and coworkers are presented. The results reveal a strong dependency on initial conditions, and the model predicts a nonmonotonic hazard rate for the transition to AIDS. Doubts are raised concerning the significance of the antigeni
Protein Expr Purif. 1994 Apr;5(2):105-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94331968
McKenna MC; Muchardt C; Gaynor R; Eisenberg D; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los; Angeles 90024.
A procedure leading to a 100-liter fermentor culture of Escherichia coli cells expressing the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) trans-activator (Tat) protein is described. The effects of growth temperature and of cell density at the time of induction on the yield of Tat were investigated. Tat was identified
Bone Marrow Transplant. 1994 May;13(5):655-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94332079
Pracher E; Panzer-Grumayer ER; Zoubek A; Peters C; Gadner H; St. Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
We report a 5.9-year-old boy with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) who presented with acute severe infectious mononucleosis. Clinical symptoms rapidly improved after chemotherapy with etoposide. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was performed after conditioning with etoposide, busulfan and cyclop
Umekawa H; Chang JH; Correia JJ; Wang D; Wingfield PT; Olson MO; Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical; Center, Jackson 39216-4505.
Protein B23 is an abundant nucleolar phosphoprotein and putative ribosome assembly factor. Two forms of the protein, B23.1 and B23.2, contain 292 and 257 amino acids, respectively, and differ only in their C-terminal sequences. The two B23 isoforms have been produced in Escherichia coli using the pKK223-3 expression v
Li CJ; Dezube BJ; Biswas DK; Ahlers CM; Pardee AB; Divn of Cell Growth and Regulation, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115.
No curative drug against HIV has yet been found, despite enormous efforts aimed at reverse transcriptase and a variety of other targets. The long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 has recently become a promising site for antiviral action. This article briefly summarizes information on the nature of this target and potent
Luftig RB; Lupo LD; Dept of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana; State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112-1393.
A surprisingly large number of animal viruses interact with cytoskeletal elements inside infected cells at different stages of replication. For example, a viral protease is activated during assembly of murine leukemia viruses at the cell surface, which causes both the morphological conversion of immature to mature
Topazian M; Bia FJ; Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; 06520-8019.
Several trends in clinical medicine have converged recently and placed intestinal protozoan infections in a position of increasing importance to health professionals. These trends include the pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections that cause the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and result i
Grief C; Nermut MV; Hockley DJ; Electron Microscopy and Photography Section, National Institute; for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Herts, U.K.
Rapid freezing, freeze substitution and low temperature embedding were used to obtain resin-embedded specimens of HIV and SIV for morphological and immunolabelling studies, with particular emphasis on the lateral bodies and p6 protein. HIV- or SIV-infected cells were fixed in 3% paraformaldehyde and cryoprotected wi
Pepstatin A, a pentapeptide with the molecular weight of 686, is a naturally occurring inhibitor of aspartyl proteases secreted by Streptomyces species. Above a critical concentration of 0.1 mM at low ionic strength and neutral pH, it can polymerize into filaments which may extend over several micrometers. After negat
Cancer. 1994 Aug 15;74(4):1261-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94332776
Greenberg AL; Droller DG; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine,; Florida.
A 24-year-old male patient seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus with Burkitt s Leukemia was treated successfully with aggressive systemic chemotherapy and central nervous system prophylaxis. He presented with a leukocyte count of 68,900/microliter with 33% L3 lymphoblasts, massive hepatosplenomegaly, gene
Cancer. 1994 Aug 15;74(4):1383-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94332795
Miller DC; Hochberg FH; Harris NL; Gruber ML; Louis DN; Cohen H; Department of Pathology, Rita and Stanley Kaplan Comprehensive; Cancer Center, New York University Medical Center, New York; 10016.
BACKGROUND. Primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL-CNS) is an enigmatic disease of uncertain origin. At the Massachusetts General Hospital, 104 patients with NHL-CNS were seen from 1958 through 1989. An impression of changes in the frequency of diagnosis, charac
Beaman BL; Beaman L; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of; California, Davis 95616.
The nocardiae are bacteria belonging to the aerobic actinomycetes. They are an important part of the normal soil microflora worldwide. The type species, Nocardia asteroides, and N. brasiliensis, N. farcinica, N. otitidiscaviarum, N. nova, and N. transvalensis cause a variety of diseases in both normal and immunocompro
Because of the continued threat of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B infection, as well as the possibility of cross-infection from microbes, such as the herpesviruses and staphylococci, infection control remains a critical issue in dentistry. A traditional response to the infection-control issue is the use
Moyo IM; Ray CS; Chisvo D; Gumbo N; Low A; Katsumbe TM; Mbengeranwa OL; Harare City Health Department.
The proportion of people with AIDS is increasing rapidly in Zimbabwe . Several strategies have been adopted to check the further spread of the disease. This paper discusses the behaviour patterns which may predispose to HIV infection and possible intervention strategies that may b
Nzerue C; Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health; Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430.
Rhodococcus equi is a facultatively-aerobic, gram-positive and intracellular bacteria that causes pulmonary and disseminated infections in immuno-compromised patients. It is a common agent that causes pneumonia in farm animals and only rarely is transmitted to man. I report a case of pneumonia caused by this agent in
Philpott GW; Siegel BA; Schwarz SW; Connett JM; Rocque PA; Fleshman JW; Wallis JW; Baumann M; Sun Y; Martell AE; et al; Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, Department of Surgery, Missouri; 63110.
PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate a new anticolorectal carcinoma monoclonal antibody (1A3), conjugated with the bifunctional chelating agent N,N -bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)1(4-bromoacetamidobenzyl)1,2-ethylenedia- m ine-N,N - diacetic acid and labeled with indium-111, in a Phase I/II study involving 38 patients w
East Afr Med J. 1994 Jan;71(1):24-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94333129
Lyamuya EF; Maselle SY; Matre R; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University; College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Serum levels of immunoglobulin classes and IgG subclasses were determined in healthy seronegative (n = 50) and in HIV-1 seropositive adults (n = 50) from Tanzania , a region with heterosexual HIV-1 transmission pattern. The mean levels of total IgG, IgG1, IgG3, IgA, IgM, and IgD ov
Health Psychol. 1994 May;13(3):238-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94333275
Fisher JD; Fisher WA; Williams SS; Malloy TE; Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs; 06269-1020.
This article contains empirical tests of the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model of AIDS-preventive behavior (J.D. Fisher & Fisher, 1992; W.A. Fisher & Fisher, 1993a), which has been designed to understand and predict the practice of AIDS-preventive acts. The IMB model holds that AIDS-preventiv
Health Psychol. 1994 May;13(3):251-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94333276
Cooper ML; Peirce RS; Huselid RF; Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Buffalo; 14260-4110.
Analyses of data from a random sample of 1,259 sexually active adolescents revealed that substance use was associated with increased sexual risk taking on 2 occasions of intercourse (1st intercourse ever and 1st intercourse with most recent partner), even after controlling for demographic experiential, and disposition
Freund J; Kellner R; Konvalinka J; Wolber V; Krausslich HG; Kalbitzer HR; Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Department of; Biophysics, Heidelberg, Germany.
Negative factor (Nef) protein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is cleaved into two well-defined domains by the HIV-1-encoded protease. The cleavage site is located between Trp57 and Leu58 and is well conserved. The two domains are stable in the presence of protease for more than 48 h. The C-terminal co
Sirianni MC; Mezzaroma I; Aiuti F; Moretta A; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome; La Sapienza, Italy.
The aim of this study was to assess the cytolytic potential of natural killer (NK) cells from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients, at different stages of the disease. Twenty HIV-1 seronegative donors as well as sixty HIV-1 seropositive patients were studied. Phytohemagglutinin and/or the anti
In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, an intrachromosomal crossover between the mating type (MT) expression locus and one of the silent donor cassettes is lethal due to the loss of the intervening L region. The region contains one essential gene, let1. This gene was cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid (aa) sequence o
Extramiana Cameno E; Barricarte Gurrea A; Moreno Iribas C; Urtiaga Dominguez M; Seccion de Vigilancia, Analisis y Control Epidemiologico,; Instituto de Salud Publica de Navarra, Pamplona.
The information available from public laboratories in Navarra ( Spain ) on tests for detecting anti-HIV antibodies enabled to find out the number of HIV seropositive subjects from 1985 to June 1992, as well as their demographic characteristics and risk habits. 1205 subjects were found
Vall Mayans M; Zunzunegui Pastor MV; Casabona Barbara J; Departamento de Sanidad y Seguridad Social, Generalitat de; Catalunya, Barcelona.
Predicting AIDS incidence is a useful strategy for health service planning and for the design of preventive and control programmes. The different predictive mathematical models of AIDS can be classified in simple and complex, according to the assumptions used. The present study presents the prediction of the minimum A
Grassi MP; Borella M; Clerici F; Perin C; Bini MT; Mangoni A; I Clinica Neurologica, Universita di Milano, Ospedale L. Sacco,; Milano.
A case of reversible anterior bilateral opercular syndrome (Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome) secondary to cerebral toxoplasma abscesses is described in a patient with AIDS. The symptoms regressed following antitoxoplasma and antiedema drug therapy. Although this is the first reported AIDS-related case, the syndrome is lik
Health Care Women Int. 1994 Jul-Aug;15(4):265-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94334168
Florence ME; Lutzen K; Alexius B
The experiences and adaptation of 8 women who were heterosexually infected with the HIV were examined. An interview schedule consisting of open-ended questions was used to elicit a full range of responses. Roy s (1984) adaptation model, focusing on physiological needs, self-concept, role-function, and interdependence
Lidman C; Bronner U; Gustafsson LL; Rombo L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge; University Hospital, Sweden.
The multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of pentamidine were studied in six AIDS patients with acute Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia given infusions of pentamidine isethionate 3.7-4 mg/kg/day i.v. Plasma and urine concentrations of pentamidine of repeated samples taken on days 1, 4 and 7 of treatment were assayed by HPLC. Cr
Sweeney BJ; Manji H; Miller RF; Harrison MJ; Gray F; Scaravilli F; Department of Neurology, University College London Medical; School, Middlesex Hospital, UK.
Two patients with AIDS and progressive neurological syndromes had necropsies that identified JC virus infection of the cerebral or cerebellar cortex. The unusual presentation of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with grey matter involvement and normal cerebral imaging is discussed.
The X-ray crystal-structure-based design, synthesis, computational evaluation, and activity of a novel class of HIV protease inhibitors are described. The initial lead compounds 2 and 3 were designed by modeling replacement groups for the C-terminal Val-Val-OCH3 of
J Med Chem. 1994 Aug 5;37(16):2506-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94334906
Ghosh AK; Thompson WJ; Fitzgerald PM; Culberson JC; Axel MG; McKee SP; Huff JR; Anderson PS; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories,; West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
A novel 5-o-carboranyl-containing nucleoside, 5-o-carboranyl-1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil (6, CFAU), was synthesized as a potential intracellular neutron capture agent. This compound was prepared in five steps starting from 5-iodo-1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil (1). The desire
Harris MP; Neil JC; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Glasgow,; Scotland, U.K.
The nef gene is conserved throughout the primate lentivirus family. Although dispensable in vitro, an important role for nef in vivo is suggested by the failure of SIV nef mutants to establish persistent viraemia. Although the biochemical function of the Nef protein remains equivocal, a consistent theme has emerged wi
Mann DA; Mikaelian I; Zemmel RW; Green SM; Lowe AD; Kimura T; Singh M; Butler PJ; Gait MJ; Karn J; MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, U.K.
The complete biologically active human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) rev-response element (RRE) RNA is 351 nucleotides (nt) in length, and includes an extra 58 nt on the 5 end and 59 nt on the 3 end beyond the sites proposed in the original models for the RRE secondary structure. The extra sequences are able
Morrison WJ; Offner H; Vandenbark AA; Neuroimmunology Research Laboratory, Veterans Administration; Medical Center, Portland, OR 97207.
Surface expression of the CD4 glycoprotein molecule is postulated to facilitate antigen recognition through the T cell receptor (TCR) and is itself a receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-gp120 glycoprotein. Both antigen-stimulated TCR activation and HIV infectivity can be blocked by whole anti-CD4 antibodie
Nussbaum O; Broder CC; Berger EA; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
The fusogenic activities of enveloped-virus glycoproteins were analyzed by using a quantitative, sensitive, rapid, and highly versatile recombinant vaccinia virus-based assay measuring activation of a reporter gene upon fusion of two distinct cell populations. One population uniformly expressed vaccinia virus-encoded
Campbell LH; Borg KT; Haines JK; Moon RT; Schoenberg DR; Arrigo SJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of; South Carolina, Charleston 29425-2230.
In the absence of Rev or the Rev-responsive element, the Rev-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNAs do not behave as mRNAs; rather, they exhibit nuclear defects in splicing and/or nuclear export and cytoplasmic defects in stability and translation. A translational initiation factor, eIF-5A, has rec
LaBranche CC; Sauter MM; Haggarty BS; Vance PJ; Romano J; Hart TK; Bugelski PJ; Hoxie JA; Hematology-Oncology Division, Hospital of the University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
Some isolates of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have been shown to infect Sup-T1 cells with slow kinetics and in the absence of cytopathic effects, including cell fusion or CD4 down-modulation (J. A. Hoxie, B. S. Haggarty, S. Bonser, J. Rackowski, H. Shan, and P. Kanki, J. Virol. 62:2557-2568, 1988). In the prese
Kubo Y; Kakimi K; Higo K; Wang L; Kobayashi H; Kuribayashi K; Masuda T; Hirama T; Ishimoto A; Department of Viral Oncology, Kyoto University, Japan.
The defective murine AIDS (MAIDS) virus has unique sequences in its p15gag and p12gag regions. To clarify whether these sequences are responsible for the development of MAIDS, we constructed recombinant viruses by replacing various regions of the gag gene of the nonpathogenic replication-competent LP-BM5 ecotropic vir
Schwiebert R; Fultz PN; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294.
The simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmPBj14 (SIV-PBj14) is an atypical lentivirus that causes acute disease and death in pig-tailed macaques and in vitro replicates efficiently in resting macaque lymphocytes and activates and induces proliferation of lymphocytes. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesi
Huang M; Jolicoeur P; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Murine AIDS (MAIDS) is characterized by severe lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The proliferation of the infected target B cells is also an important manifestation of the disease (M. Huang, C. Simard, D. G. Kay, and P. Jolicoeur, J. Virol. 65:6562-6571, 1991). The etiologic agent of MAIDS is a defective murine leukem
Yoshinaga T; Kimura-Ohtani Y; Fujiwara T; Shionogi Institute for Medical Science, Osaka, Japan.
To analyze the association of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase (IN) protein with DNA substrates, we applied a shortwave UV cross-linking method to the in vitro integration system. Three photoadduct bands were detected on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. The appearances of these photoadducts
Yahi N; Fantini J; Mabrouk K; Tamalet C; de Micco P; van Rietschoten J; Rochat H; Sabatier JM; CNRS URA 1455, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Ingenierie de; Proteines, Faculte de Medecine Secteur Nord, Marseille,; France.
Synthetic polymeric constructions (SPCs) including the consensus sequence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) surface envelope glycoprotein gp120 V3 loop (GPGRAF) blocked the fusion between HIV-1- and HIV-2-infected cells and CD4+ uninfected cells. A structure-activity relationship study using V3 SPC an
Huang CJ; Wagner EK; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of; California, Irvine 92717.
The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) major capsid protein VP5 gene (UL19) is expressed with beta gamma (gamma 1 [leaky late]) kinetics. We have previously described the construction of recombinant HSV-1 in which the VP5 promoter was engineered to control the expression of the bacterial beta-galactosidase gene as a
Flynn JN; Cannon CA; Beatty JA; Mackett M; Rigby MA; Neil JC; Jarrett C; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Glasgow,; Bearsden, United Kingdom.
The role of cellular immunity in the establishment and progression of immunosuppressive lentivirus infection remains equivocal. To develop a model system with which these aspects of the host immune response can be studied experimentally, we examined the response of cats to a hybrid peptide containing predicted T-and B
Tsuchihashi Z; Brown PO; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Standford, California.
Nucleocapsid protein (NC) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. The protein displayed a variety of activities on DNA structure, all reflecting an ability to promote transition between double-helical and single-stranded conformations. We found that, in addition t
Long D; Berson JF; Cook DG; Doms RW; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia 19104.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects some cell types which lack CD4, demonstrating that one or more alternative viral receptors exist. One such receptor is galactosylceramide (GalCer), a glycosphingolipid distributed widely in the nervous system and in colonic epithelial cells. Using a liposome flotatio
Harrich D; Hsu C; Race E; Gaynor RB; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas 75235-8594.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) TAR element is critical for the activation of gene expression by the transactivator protein, Tat. Mutagenesis has demonstrated that a stable stem-loop RNA structure containing both loop and bulge structures transcribed from TAR is the major target for tat activation. Tho
Engelman A; Hickman AB; Craigie R; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes; and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
The integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 removes two nucleotides from the 3 ends of reverse-transcribed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA (3 processing) and covalently inserts the processed ends into a target DNA (DNA strand transfer). Mutant integrase proteins that lack the amino-and/or ca
Brown EW; Yuhki N; Packer C; O'Brien SJ; Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, Program; Resources, Inc./DynCorp, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201.
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a novel lentivirus that is genetically homologous and functionally analogous to the human AIDS viruses, human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2. FIV causes immunosuppression in domestic cats by destroying the CD4 T-lymphocyte subsets in infected hosts. A serological survey of
Sakalian M; Wills JW; Vogt VM; Section of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell; University, Ithaca, New York 14850.
In all retrovirus systems studied, the leader region of the RNA contains a cis-acting sequence called psi that is required for packaging the viral RNA genome. Since the pol and env genes are dispensable for formation of RNA-containing particles, the gag gene product must have an RNA binding domain(s) capable of recogn
Bou-Habib DC; Roderiquez G; Oravecz T; Berman PW; Lusso P; Norcross MA; Division of Hematologic Products, Food and Drug Administration,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Characterization of biological and immunological properties of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is critical to developing effective therapies and vaccines for AIDS. With the use of a novel CD4+ T-cell line (PM-1) permissive to infection by both monocytotropic (MT) and T-cell-tropic virus types, we present a
Carroll R; Lin JT; Dacquel EJ; Mosca JD; Burke DS; St Louis DC; Research Laboratory, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the; Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland.
We have constructed stable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) packaging cell lines that when transfected with an HIV-based retroviral vector produce packaged vectors capable of transducing susceptible CD4+ cells. This HIV-1-based retroviral vector system has the potential for providing targeted delivery and regulated
Matano T; Odawara T; Ohshima M; Iwamoto A; Yoshikura H; Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Tokyo, Japan.
Interaction between the previously obtained dominant negative mutant, referred to as fcr (T. Matano, T. Odawara, M. Ohshima, H. Yoshikura, and A. Iwamoto, J. Virol. 67:2026-2033, 1993), and the wild-type envelope proteins (Env) of Friend murine leukemia virus was examined. The wild-type Env was bound to the fcr mutant
Kollmus H; Honigman A; Panet A; Hauser H; Gesellschaft fur Biotechnologische Forschung mbH, Braunschweig,; Federal Republic of Germany.
We have analyzed in cell culture the sequence elements that control the level of ribosomal frameshifting in the human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-2) gag-pro junction. The slippery sequence of HTLV-2 is sufficient to dictate a basal level of frameshifting. This level is enhanced by its upstream sequence context
Borrow P; Lewicki H; Hahn BH; Shaw GM; Oldstone MB; Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Env-, Gag-, Pol-, Nef-, and Tat-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activities were quantitated temporally in five patients with symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection. A dominant CD8(+)-mediated, major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CTL response to the HIV-1 e
Vlasic-Matas J; Rumboldt Z; Puizina-Ivic N; Luksic B; Milas I; Dubravcic M; Forempoher G; Klinika za unutrasnje bolesti Medicinskog fakulteta u Zagrebui i; Klinickog bolnickog centra u Splitu.
An anti-HIV negative patient with cadaveric renal transplant developed Kaposi s sarcoma of the skin and gingiva 10 months after transplantation, taking triple immunosuppression (cyclosporine, azathioprine and prednisone). After reduction of the cyclosporine dose and complete cessation of azathioprine administration, t
Life Sci. 1994;55(12):PL233-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94335520
Nagai H; Takaoka Y; Kamada H; Mori H; Department of Pharmacology, Gifu Pharamaceutical University,; Japan.
Subcutaneous injection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) produced by Staphylococcus aureus, caused severe arthritis in DBA/1J mice which had been previously immunized with bovine type II collagen. The severity of this arthritis was dose dependent and prolonged joint inflammation with erosion of bone was observed.
Meyerhoff DJ; MacKay S; Poole N; Dillon WP; Weiner MW; Fein G; Magnetic Resonance Unit, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, San Francisco, CA.
We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and water-suppressed proton MR spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) to study the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the brain. Our recent in vivo finding of lower N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a putative marker of neurons, in the supraventricular brain of cognitiv
Nunn AJ; Biryahwaho B; Downing RG; Ojwiya A; Mulder DW; Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe.
A computer-based quality assurance programme for an HIV-1 serology laboratory is described. The programme was designed to minimise transcription errors and to provide rapid feedback on laboratory performance. Similar systems could readily be introduced to any laboratory with access to simple computing facilities.
Med Hypotheses. 1994 Mar;42(3):159-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94335770
Mercure L; Wainberg MA; McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute--Jewish; General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Lymphocytes of the CD8 phenotype play an important role in controlling viral burden in HIV-1 infection. Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTL) can kill HIV-infected cells and in addition, are able to secrete a soluble factor that inhibits HIV replication. In most cases, HIV-infected individuals experience an unexplained C
Med Hypotheses. 1994 Mar;42(3):169-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94335771
Avlicino AA; Newton CL
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used to inactivate retroviruses topically and on environmental surfaces. This proposal establishes the thesis that sodium hypochlorite and its related oxygen free radicals can be administered in minute quantities in vivo to achieve a reduction in retroviral titer within the infect
Forsyth PA; Yahalom J; DeAngelis LM; Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY.
PURPOSE: Conventional therapy--ie, treatment with corticosteroids and cranial radiotherapy (RT)--is inadequate to treat AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), as it achieves a median survival of only 2 to 5 months. Chemotherapy added to RT in non-AIDS PCNSL improves disease control and prolongs
N Z Dent J. 1994 Jun;90(400):49-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336102
Terry SD; Jones JE; Brown RH; Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, School of; Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin.
Previous surveys of people living with HIV/AIDS suggest that such persons may have difficulty in securing dental care and that some dentists would prefer to refer such individuals. This study aimed to assess the experiences of people living with HIV/AIDS in Aotearoa New Zealand
Irwin KL; Rice RJ; Sperling RS; O'Sullivan MJ; Brodman M; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
As the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic affects more women, clinicians are increasingly observing pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in HIV-infected women. The extent to which PID is a factor in the recognition of HIV or HIV is a factor in the recognition of PID is unknown. Even less is known about how HIV i
Mod Pathol. 1994 Apr;7(3):276-88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336617
Haque AK; Schnadig V; Rubin SA; Smith JH; Department of Pathology and Radiology, University of Texas; Medical Branch at Galveston.
The distribution of pathologic lesions and the parasite burden of major organs were studied in seven patients with disseminated strongyloidiasis who were autopsied at the University of Texas Medical Branch (Galveston, TX). All patients were immunosuppressed and had additional bacterial, viral, and fungal infections; s
Mod Pathol. 1994 Apr;7(3):369-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336630
Seidman R; Peress NS; Nuovo GJ; Department of Pathology, SUNY, Stony Brook.
The purpose of this study was to determine if the myopathy that commonly occurs in patients with AIDS is associated with active HIV-1 infection in the muscle tissues. Seven muscle biopsies from patients infected by HIV-1 and six controls were tested for HIV-1 DNA and RNA using polymerase chain reaction in situ hybridi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 16;91(17):7942-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336663
Lisziewicz J; Sun D; Weichold FF; Thierry AR; Lusso P; Tang J; Gallo RC; Agrawal S; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Gene-expression modulator 91 (GEM91) is a 25-nt antisense oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioate complementary to the Gag mRNA of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Cellular uptake and intracellular distribution of GEM91 within cells suggest that this oligomer is readily available for antisense activity. GEM9
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 16;91(17):7970-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336669
Louis JM; Nashed NT; Parris KD; Kimmel AR; Jerina DM; Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National; Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Upon renaturation, the polyprotein MBP-delta TF-Protease-delta Pol, consisting of HIV-1 protease and short native sequences from the trans-frame protein (delta TF) and the polymerase (delta Pol) fused to the maltose-binding protein (MBP) of Escherichia coli, undergoes autoprocessing to produce the mature protease in t
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 16;91(17):8037-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336681
Weiser B; Nachman S; Tropper P; Viscosi KH; Grimson R; Baxter G; Fang G; Reyelt C; Hutcheon N; Burger H; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany; 12208.
To develop strategies to prevent mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), it is important to define the factors determining it. We examined the relationship between maternal HIV-1 titer and the occurrence of mother-to-child transmission. In addition, we quantitated HIV-1 longitudina
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 16;91(17):8097-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336693
Eckwalanga M; Marussig M; Tavares MD; Bouanga JC; Hulier E; Pavlovitch JH; Minoprio P; Portnoi D; Renia L; Mazier D; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale,; Unite 313, Departement de Parasitologie, Paris, France.
The retrovirus LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus induces murine AIDS in C57BL/6 mice that has many similarities with human AIDS; Plasmodium berghei ANKA causes experimental cerebral malaria in the same strain of mice. The outcome of malaria infection was studied in mice concurrently infected with the two pathogens. The ret
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 16;91(17):8248-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336723
Mujeeb A; Bishop K; Peterlin BM; Turck C; Parslow TG; James TL; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,; San Francisco 94143.
The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances transcription by binding to a specific RNA element on nascent viral transcripts. Binding is mediated by a 10-amino acid basic domain that is rich in arginines and lysines. Here we report the three-dimensional peptide backbone structure of a biologically a
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 16;91(17):8283-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94336730
Ishaq M; Stoner GL; Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, National Institute of; Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
JC virus (JCV) causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), the fatal demyelinating infection of oligodendrocytes, in up to 5% of AIDS patients. An intron-differential RNA PCR was developed to study the expression of alternately spliced JCV early mRNAs in brain tissues from PML patients with and without AI
Harrison M; Fusilier MR; Worley JK; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pineville,; Louisiana.
The literature concerning measurement of nurses attitudes toward AIDS was reviewed. A short scale to measure nurses attitudes toward AIDS was developed and evaluated. The instrument has three subscales on (a) willingness to care for those who are HIV positive, homosexuals, and intravenous drug users as patients, (b)
Fontaine KR; Department of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire,; Preston, UK.
The present study investigated the effects of individual differences along the dimension of dispositional optimism-pessimism on comparative risk perception in relation to the prospect of developing AIDS. 104 university students completed the Life Orientation Test of Scheier and Carver and estimated the likelihood of A
Smith FJ; Mathieson JR; Cooperberg PL; Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, St; Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
PURPOSE: The authors studied the prevalence of abnormalities at abdominal ultrasonography (US) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the temporal change in prevalence, and the use of US to correlate clinical indications with these abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1983 to 1991, 899 AIDS
Buffa V; de Franco A; Brizi MG; Pallavicini F; Portaccio G; Istituto di Radiologia, Universita Cattolica del S. Cuore,; Policlinico A. Gemelli, Roma, Italy.
Rev Med Interne. 1994 Feb;15(2):116-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337074
Tissot B; Carles B; Chraibi-Hasseini K; Paccalin J; Service de Medecine interne et therapeutique, hopital; Saint-Andre, Bordeaux, France.
Case report of a pulmonary nocardiosis associated with a pneumocystosis pneumonia and a cryptococcal meningitis in an African not already known as infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Fever reoccurred when cotrimoxazole was stopped for intolerance. Bronchoalveolar lavage gave diagnosis.
Rev Med Interne. 1994 Feb;15(2):95-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337085
Mounib B; Cabane J; Blum L; Picard O; Wattiaux MJ; Imbert JC; Service de medecine interne 3, hopital Saint-Antoine, Paris,; France.
We report four cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-seronegative patients. Two of them had been hospitalized for polymyositis treatment near AIDS patients, respectively 1 and 4 months before PCP. The two others suffered from localized cancer. Their evolution was complicat
Rev Med Interne. 1994 Mar;15(3):186-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337090
Rosenthal E; Dor JF; Pesce A; Quinsat D; Reboulot B; Vinti H; Cassuto JP; Service de Medecine interne-hematologie, hopital de Cimiez,; Nice, France.
The authors report one case of AIDS-related-like Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in a 59-year-old bisexual man without HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection. KS developed while the patient was receiving both androgen and steroid therapy for aplastic anemia, and regressed after their simultaneous interruption, despite the persistence of apl
Rev Med Interne. 1994 Apr;15(4):268-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337104
Heudier P; Taillan B; Garnier G; Vialla I; Diaine B; Elbaze P; Fuzibet JG; Dujardin P; Service de medecine interne 1, hopital Cimiez, Nice, France.
Rhodococcus equi is an easily missed opportunistic infection in patient infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. We report one case with lung abscess in a patient with AIDS with literature review.
Elvin K; Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institute,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic pathogen causing life threatening pneumonia (PCP) in immunosuppressed patients and particularly among AIDS patients. Whether the infection results from reactivation or reinfection is debated. Since methods for in vitro cultivation still are not successful, the diagnosis is depe
Destian S; Tung H; Gray R; Hinton DR; Day J; Fukushima T; Department of Radiology, University of Southern California School; of Medicine.
Infectious intracavernous carotid artery aneurysms usually present with ophthalmoplegia and/or signs of cavernous sinus thrombosis. We report an unusual case in which a patient with AIDS presented with intractable epistaxis secondary to rupture of a giant infectious intracavernous carotid artery aneurysm. Culture of t
Rezikian SA; Voevodin AF; Klots IN; Shtutman MS; Lapin BA
We characterized the simian immunodeficiency virus isolated from Cercopithecus aethiops (subspecies C. a. pygerythrus) originating from Kenya . SIV was isolated and continuously produced with the MOLT4 clone 8 cell line and was designated as SIV-SU1. SIV-SU1 isolate replicated with h
The main approaches are defined to the production of sera with the required concentration of antibodies to HIV by the dilution method and to formation on their basis of serum panels according to theoretical distribution of optic density (OD) values. It was shown to be principally possible to prepare panels of positive
P N G Med J. 1993 Sep;36(3):187-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337533
O'Leary MJ; van der Meijden WI; Malau C; Delamare O; Pyakalyia T; World Health Organization, Department of Health, Port Moresby,; Papua New Guinea.
To determine human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) prevalence in low- and high-risk populations in Papua New Guinea (PNG), anonymous unlinked serosurveillance was conducted in government-administered antenatal and sexually transmit
P N G Med J. 1993 Sep;36(3):192-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337534
Jenkins C; Pataki-Schweizer K; Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka.
A survey of AIDS knowledge and condom-related attitudes and behaviours was conducted among 896 randomly selected men and women in and around Lae, Goroka, Mt Hagen and a rural area of Madang. While 93% of those interviewed were familiar with the disease name, only 3% demonstrated adequate knowledge of modes of transmis
P N G Med J. 1993 Sep;36(3):205-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337535
Johnson FY; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University; of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby.
The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the psychiatric aspects of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and sexually transmitted disease (STD) under the following subheadings: AIDS-related complex, AIDS hypochondriasis, AIDS
P N G Med J. 1993 Sep;36(3):210-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337536
Turner PF; Anton Breinl Centre for Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook; University of North Queensland, Townsville, Australia.
The CD4:CD8 ratio in peripheral T lymphocytes was determined in 123 Papua New Guineans aged over 5 years from Rumginae, a rural area of the Western Province. 18 people had a ratio less than 1.0. No antibody response to human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV 1) was found within the group. Hepatitis B surface antigen was m
The article deals with the results of the experiment substantiating the in vitro model of HIV neuro-infection. In this work primary glial (astrocytic) tissue cultures obtained from normal human and animal (guinea pig) brain tissue were used. As revealed in this investigation, the following phenomena could be observed
Besasso HR; Macias J; Trombetta LA; di Risio CA; Argento R; Besuschio SC; Sala 16 Hospital Muniz.
Occurrence of vomiting and diarrhea in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was most frequently attributed to enteropathogens organism that invade the gastrointestinal tract because of the immunologic unbalance of the host... Among several causes the cryptosporidium has been detected quite often and its pr
Steiner BD; Shields CG; Noble GL; Bayer WH; Department of Family Medicine and Psychiatry, University of; Rochester/Highland Hospital, NY.
BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent growing health care concerns that affect subgroups of the population in disproportionately high numbers. We researched associations with high-risk sexual behavior in young men of color living in an economically depressed area of
Gabel LL; Crane R; Ostrow DC; Department of Family Medicine, Ohio State University College of; Medicine, Columbus.
BACKGROUND: The spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the increasing number of persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are major health problems. HIV risk factors are well documented, and HIV disease is recognized as a chronic illness with a predictable course. METHODS: Since September 19
Am J Med. 1994 Aug;97(2):135-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337780
Denning DW; Lee JY; Hostetler JS; Pappas P; Kauffman CA; Dewsnup DH; Galgiani JN; Graybill JR; Sugar AM; Catanzaro A; et al; Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, California 95128.
BACKGROUND: Invasive aspergillosis is the most common invasive mould infection and a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients. Response to amphotericin B, the only antifungal agent licensed in the United States for the treatment of aspergillosis, is suboptimal. METHODS: A
Am J Med. 1994 Aug;97(2):145-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337781
Smith MC; Pawar R; Carey JT; Graham RC Jr; Jacobs GH; Menon A; Salata RA; Seliga R; Kalayjian RC; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of; Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
PURPOSE: Human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy (HIV-AN) occurs predominantly in blacks and is characterized histologically by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or mesangial proliferation and a lymphohistiocytic tubulointerstitial infiltrate. Patients manifest heavy proteinuria and, once azotemia occurs,
Am J Med. 1994 Aug 15;97(2A):9-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337804
Morales JO; Von Behren L; Ashford Presbyterian Community Hospital, San Juan, Puerto Rico; 00907.
The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of home intravenous antibiotic therapy in treating secondary bacterial infections in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study was a subset analysis of 22 patients with HIV, enrolled in two centers of a multicenter, open
Fruchter RG; Maiman M; Sillman FH; Camilien L; Webber CA; Kim DS; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New; York Health Science Center at Brooklyn 11203.
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare characteristics of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in relation to human immunodeficiency virus infection among women referred to a public hospital colposcopy clinic with Papanicolaou smears showing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. STUDY DESIGN: An evaluation of cervical intr
Am J Public Health. 1994 Aug;84(8):1243-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337887
Tortu S; Beardsley M; Deren S; Davis WR; National Development and Research Institutes Inc., New York, NY; 10013.
OBJECTIVES. This study reports on a large, national cohort of women with injection drug-using sex partners. Information is provided on demographic characteristics; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk factors, including unprotected sex and incidence of sexually transmitted diseases; use of noninjected drugs; HIV se
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Jul;51(1):11-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337917
Hjelle B; Khabbaz RF; Conway GA; North C; Green D; Kaplan JE; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of; Medicine, Albuquerque.
We investigated the seroprevalence of human T cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) using a screening enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot confirmation among the predominant tribes (Pueblo and Athapaskan) served by two large Indian Health Service facilities in New Mexico. Among persons being tr
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Jul;51(1):56-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94337924
Altieri PI; Climent C; Lazala G; Velez R; Torres JV; Department of Medicine and Pathology, University of Puerto Rico,; San Juan.
One hundred consecutive patients who died of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied with an emphasis on the heart. Thirty-two patients showed pathologic changes. The pathologic findings included infection by Histoplasma capsulatum, Toxoplasma gondii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Laufer FN; Chiarello LA; Bureau of Health Economics, New York State Department of Health,; Albany 12237.
Data from the study of needlestick-prevention devices in 10 New York State hospitals enabled application of cost-effectiveness analysis techniques for determining relative benefits of various safety interventions. This article introduces to infection control practitioners several economic concepts related to cost-effe
Goodman HS; Carpenter RD; Cox MR; Dental Public Health Residency Program, VA Medical Center, Perry; Point, MD 21902.
Dental sterilization techniques have become a focus of attention as a result of disclosure of occupational HIV transmission from an infected dentist to a cluster of patients. Although there has never been a confirmed report of a patient acquiring an infectious blood-borne disease from a dental instrument or device, re
Mathews WC; Fullerton SC; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
Knowledge of Toxoplasma seroprevalence among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients identifies candidates for potential prophylaxis and may influence management among patients who present with mass lesions of the central nervous system. Toxoplasma antibody seroprevalence among persons with human immunodeficien
Doberson MJ; Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Sciences; Center, Denver 80262.
A 41-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was admitted to the hospital because of a recent onset of disorientation and memory loss. He developed focal neurologic signs on hospital day 4, and a computed tomographic scan of his head showed a right medial temporal lobe hyperdensity. Before diagnosis could
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Aug 15;202(3):1291-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94338340
Chuang LF; Chuang TK; Killam KF Jr; Chuang AJ; Kung HF; Yu L; Chuang RY; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of; California, Davis 95616.
Previous studies have shown that morphine stimulates simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in SIV-infected human CEM x174 cells as well as in monkey lymphocytes through a mechanism of delaying the lysis of infected cells (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 195:1165-1173, 1993). The present study describes the id
Wang Y; Liang B; Watson RR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; Arizona, Tucson 85724.
As alcohol (ETOH) abusers and AIDS patients have nutritional disorders, the influence of chronic ETOH consumption (5% v/v for 10 weeks) on levels of immunomodulatory nutrients (vitamins A and E, Zn, and Cu) in the serum, liver, small intestine, spleen, and thymus was determined during murine AIDS. The hepatic levels o
Twigg HL 3rd; Soliman DM; Spain BA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University Medical Center,; Indianapolis 46202.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of smoking on alveolar macrophage (AM) accessory cell (AC) function and the incidence of lymphocytic alveolitis in asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals. METHODS: AM AC function in smoking and nonsmoking HIV-positive volunteers was measured in concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen ass
Bobkov A; Garaev MM; Rzhaninova A; Kaleebu P; Pitman R; Weber JN; Cheingsong-Popov R; Department of Molecular Virology, D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of; Virology, Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the HIV-1 V3 sequence diversity in the former Soviet Union in 30 subjects infected with HIV-1 via different modes of transmission. PATIENTS: A cohort of children infected after exposure to nonsterile needles during the epidemic in 1988-1989 in southern Russia
Swanson CE; Tindall B; Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate (1) the efficacy and safety of zidovudine treatment in homo-/bisexual men with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and (2) factors associated with development of intolerance to zidovudine. DESIGN: A multicentre open-label study. SETTING: Australian public hospital system. SUBJECTS: A total of 235 hom
Youle MS; Gazzard BG; Johnson MA; Cooper DA; Hoy JF; Busch H; Ruf B; Griffiths PD; Stephenson SL; Dancox M; et al; Kobler Centre, St Stephen's Clinic, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of high-dose oral acyclovir in preventing cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) and other herpesvirus disease in patients with advanced HIV disease and to evaluate its effect on patient survival. DESIGN:
Nelson MR; Fisher M; Cartledge J; Rogers T; Gazzard BG; HIV/GUM unit, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of azole therapy in the treatment and prophylaxis of cryptococcosis in HIV-seropositive individuals. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: A dedicated HIV unit in London, UK. PATIENTS: Fifty individuals with a positive cryptococcal antigen or culture from any site between 1 Ja
Ryder RW; Nsuami M; Nsa W; Kamenga M; Badi N; Utshudi M; Heyward WL; Project SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
OBJECTIVE: To calculate 3-year mortality rates in HIV-1-seropositive and HIV-1-seronegative mothers, their newborn children and the fathers of these children. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study of HIV-1-seropositive, age and parity-matched HIV-1-seronegative pregnant women, their newborn babies and the fathers of these
Ryder RW; Kamenga M; Nkusu M; Batter V; Heyward WL; Project SIDA, Department of Public Health, Kinshasa, Zaire.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence, morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic consequences of becoming an AIDS orphan (a child with an HIV-1-seropositive mother who has died) in Kinshasa, Zaire . DESIGN: A longitudinal cohort study was undertaken between 1986 and 1990. Within this
Battjes RJ; Pickens RW; Haverkos HW; Sloboda Z; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857.
OBJECTIVES: To examine factors associated with HIV infection in injecting drug users (IDU), the independent and interactive effects of potential risk factors, and geographic differences in risk factors. METHODS: IDU entering methadone treatment in New York City, Asbury Park and Trenton in New Jersey, Baltimore and Chi
Smith E; Hasseltvedt V; Bottiger M; Department of Epidemiology, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
OBJECTIVE: To describe trends and patterns in the AIDS epidemic among Scandinavian women with AIDS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All women with AIDS reported to national surveillance units in Denmark , Norwa
Montaner JS; Le T; Hogg R; Ricketts M; Sutherland D; Strathdee SA; O'Shaughnessy M; Schechter MT; British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's; Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the changing spectrum of AIDS index diseases in Canada over a 10-year period from 1981 to 1991. DESIGN: A descriptive, population-based study. SETTING: Canada. PATIENTS: All cases of AIDS in Canada reported by the Division of HIV/AIDS Epidemiology of the Depa
Bor R; Lipman M; Elford J; Murray D; Miller R; Griffiths P; Janossy G; Johnson M; Royal Free Hospital National Health Service Trust, London, UK.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of HIV infection among people attending a confidential, non-genitourinary medicine based testing clinic that provides HIV antibody test results on the day of consultation. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data collected on 2635 individuals attending the Same-Day HIV Testing Cl
Habimana P; Bulterys M; Usabuwera P; Chao A; Saah AJ; Centre Universitaire de Sante Publique (CUSP), School of; Medicine, National University of Rwanda, Butare.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk of occupationally acquired HIV infection among traditional birth attendants (TBA) in Rwanda , Africa. DESIGN AND METHODS: A serosurvey was conducted among 219 TBA practicing in a rural but densely populated area in southern Rwanda. Each TBA was int
Okuda K; Kaneko T; Yamakawa T; Tanaka S; Shigematsu T; Yamamoto A; Hamajima K; Nakajima K; Kawamoto S; Phanuphak P; Department of Bacteriology, Yokohama City University School of; Medicine, Fukuura, Japan.
We synthesized one V3 peptide each from HTLV-IIIB, Thai A and Thai B, conjugating them to the T cell epitope of the env region, and we also synthesized a p17 protein peptide of the gag region (HGP-30). These peptides were then coupled to 8-lysine copolymers using N-succinimidyl maleimido carboxylate (M(r) = ca 60,000)
Bohm HJ; BASF AG, Central Research, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
The computer program LUDI for automated structure-based drug design is described. The program constructs possible new ligands for a given protein of known three-dimensional structure. This novel approach is based upon rules about energetically favourable non-bonded contact geometries between functional groups of the p
Clementi M; Bagnarelli P; Manzin A; Menzo S; Institute of Microbiology, University of Ancona, Italy.
Due to the high sensitivity level (which can be pushed to the limit of one molecule) and its extraordinary flexibility, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the method of choice for the detection of nucleic acids present in very low concentration in biological samples. Since the qualitative features of PCR amplifica
Ding L; Grehn L; De Clercq E; Andrei G; Snoeck R; Balzarini J; Fransson B; Ragnarsson U; Department of Biochemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden.
The synthesis of three new monopyrazole analogues of the antiviral compound distamycin A is reported. Suitably protected 4-amino-1-methylpyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and 3-amino-1-methylpyrazole-5-carboxylic acid derivatives were chosen as starting materials. The construction of the trimeric polyamide framework was accom
Glogau RG; University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine.
In summary, the statistically greater risk of disease among health care workers who suffer occupational needle sticks or similar exposure to contaminated blood remains hepatitis. Routine vaccination of health care workers who are at risk for exposure to hepatitis B, combined with common-sense implementation of risk ma
Wilder RL; Inflammatory Joint Diseases Section, National Institute of; Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Over the past year, convincing direct evidence that rheumatoid arthritis is caused by a retrovirus has not been presented. Strong support for this hypothesis, however, comes from an impressive body of recent work demonstrating that human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I causes a destructive arthropathy that has many o
Greenspan D; Greenspan JS; Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0422.
Oral manifestations are a common feature of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. They may present as neoplasms, opportunistic infections, or other lesions. The dermatologist may be the first health care provider to suspect HIV infection when recognizing some of the oral lesions described in this article. Some
The risks associated with handling sharps are well known but it is less clear why accidents occur. This study aimed to determine how often sharps are used by nurses, the usual procedures associated with disposal, the identification of unsafe practices and any factors such as heavy workload or lack of resources which c
Glavici M; Sectia de Oftalmologie Drobeta-Turnu Severin.
Ocular manifestation in two observations on patients with anti-HIV positive antibodies are presented. The primer was done on a 47-year-old patient who presented retinal micro-vasculopathy with vetous exudates, retinal and pre-retinal hemorrhages and arterial obstructions at the right eye. The right eye vision was 2/50
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):129-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339204
Brugha R; Holy Family Hospital, Nkawkaw, Ghana.
The district hospital is the focus for the presentation of HIV-related disease in rural sub-Saharan Africa. Patients require not only medical care, but often economic support and counselling for themselves and their families. Psychosocial support should be provided at the hospital and in the home, the latter often bei
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):139-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339205
Lie GT; Biswalo PM; Research Center for Health Promotion/Center for International; Health, University of Bergen, Norway.
The objective of the study is to identify key characteristics of an HIV/AIDS counsellor who would prove to be culturally acceptable for the particular problems associated with HIV/AIDS in Arusha and Kilimanjaro, Tanzania . HIV/AIDS counselling in the hospitals is recommended by th
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):153-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339206
Buwalda P; Kruijthoff DJ; de Bruyn M; Hogewoning A; School of Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
In 1988 a programme for care and follow-up of HIV-positive persons and AIDS patients was implemented by the existing health facilities (district health team and hospital team) of Kgatleng District, Botswana . A survey study in 1991 tried to indicate the effectiveness and bottlenec
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):161-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339207
Kuhn L; Steinberg M; Mathews C; Centre for Epidemiological Research in Southern Africa,; Tygerberg.
An AIDS education programme was developed and evaluated in a high school in a socio-economically disadvantaged, urban, African area in South Africa . The programme, which addressed the whole school community, aimed to raise awareness about AIDS using a variety of educational method
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):173-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339208
Pattullo AL; Malonza M; Kimani GG; Muthee A; Otieno PA; Odhiambo K; Moses S; Plummer FA; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and sexual behaviour with respect to HIV and AIDS among Kenyan secondary school students, a questionnaire was issued to 3,018 students of mean age 16.3 years in 11 Kenyan schools. Questions of knowledge were answered correctly by an average of 77.1% of students. Areas where student
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):183-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339209
Ndeki SS; Klepp KI; Seha AM; Leshabari MT; Centre for Educational Development in Health, Arusha, Tanzania.
An AIDS survey based on WHO s KABP survey instrument for adolescents was implemented with sixth and seventh grade students attending one of 18 randomly selected primary schools in the Arusha and Kilimanjaro regions of Northern Tanzania (n = 2,026). While students reported having
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):193-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339210
Vos T; Department of Health, Matabeleland North Province, Zimbabwe.
Though HIV prevention campaigns in Zimbabwe have increased public awareness of HIV, they have not meaningfully changed sexual behaviour. Possibly these campaigns are based on wrong assumptions about sexual behaviour. By means of 111 structured interviews with hospital patients, s
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):205-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339211
Cockcroft A; Oakley K; Gooch C; Mastin S; Occupational Health Unit, Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, London,; UK.
We noticed considerable variation in anxiety among staff reporting blood exposure incidents and therefore undertook a study to investigate this. We studied 100 consecutive staff reporting blood or other body fluid exposures to the Occupational Health Unit. The nurse seeing the staff member administered a questionnaire
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):215-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339212
Serpelloni G; Carrieri MP; Rezza G; Morganti S; Gomma M; Binkin N; Gruppo C, ULSS-25, Verona, Italy.
In order to evaluate the protective effect of methadone treatment on HIV infection, we performed a nested case-control study on seroconverters (cases) who were part of a cohort of HIV-negative injecting drug users (IDUs) (controls). Controls were matched with cases by sex, age, duration of drug use and follow-up time.
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):221-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339213
Singer N; Phillips K; White D; Mulleady G; Whitehead B; Drug Dependency Unit, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
It has been repeatedly reported that while risks associated with the injecting behaviour of drug users has been reduced, no parallel changes have been made in sexual risk behaviour. Counselling advice to clients attending drug unit services has not focused sufficiently on the sexual behaviour of this client group. The
AIDS Care. 1994;6(2):237-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339214
Uitenbroek DG; Research Unit in Health and Behavioural Change, University of; Edinburgh, Scotland.
The aim of this paper is to study sociodemographic and lifestyle differences between different AIDS/HIV risk groups in the general population. Respondents reporting more than three sexual partners in the previous five years, dichotomized into condom and non-condom users, are contrasted with the remaining respondents.
Corcoran GD; Ridgway GL; Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College London; Hospitals, UK.
Treatment regimens for sexually transmitted infections continue to evolve. The natural history of syphilis in HIV-infected patients is leading to more aggressive policies in terms of both investigation and treatment. In particular, treatment protocols for late syphilis, especially neurosyphilis, are under scrutiny. Ep
Coker RJ; Mitchell DM; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London,; UK.
Pulmonary involvement is a frequent feature of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is still the commonest AIDS defining diagnosis despite the advent of effective prophylaxis and antiretroviral treatment. Other pulmonary manifestations of AIDS, including t
Olmos L; Vilata J; Rodriguez Pichardo A; Lloret A; Ojeda A; Calderon MD; Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clinico Universitario San; Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to assess interferon-beta efficacy and safety in the treatment of anogenital condylomatous lesions. One hundred patients received a daily intramuscular injection of either interferon-beta (IFN-beta) (2 MIU/day) or placebo for 10 days. Of 94 evaluable p
Goldberg D; Green ST; Taylor A; Frischer M; McKeganey N; Communicable Diseases (Scotland) Unit, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow,; UK.
In Glasgow, during the period January 1990 to December 1992, 4 different methods were used to determine HIV prevalence among female prostitutes who inject drugs: the surveillance of prostitutes undergoing voluntary named tests, an unlinked anonymous survey of prostitutes attending a health care drop-in centre, a commu
Seck AC; Faye MA; Critchlow CW; Mbaye AD; Kuypers J; Woto-Gaye G; Langley C; De EB; Holmes KK; Kiviat NB; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Dakar, Senegal.
Studies in various regions of the world have shown that women infected with HIV-1 are at increased risk for cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as well as for cervical cancer precursor lesions. HIV infection and cervical cancer are both widespread in West Africa, but little is known about the relationship be
Brettle RP; Willcocks L; Cowan FM; Richardson AM; Infectious Disease Unit, City Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
A retrospective analysis of HIV-positive patients admitted to the City Hospital, Edinburgh by 31st December 1992, 7 years after the inception of the HIV clinic, revealed that 373 patients, 72% of them injection drug users (IDUs), had required 2069 admissions (5.5/admitted patient, 3.3/clinic patient or 0.5/clinic pati
Santos BR; Beck EJ; Peixoto MF; Kitchen V; Weber J; Servico de Infectologia, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceicao,; Porto Alegre, Brasil.
In order to describe the changing patterns of risk factors for HIV-1 transmission of patients using hospital services at an AIDS referral centre in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil , data on demographic characteristics, referral patterns and risk factors at time of first presentation w
Bygdeman SM; Johansson M; Jonasson J; Lidbrink P; Nilsson U; Teichert C; Viktorsson S; Karolinska Institute, Department of Clinical Bacteriology,; Huddinge Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Magic Lite Chlamydia assay (commercial test kit for the identification of Chlamydia trachomatis) was evaluated on urogenital samples and urine with chlamydial culture as the reference method. The sediment of the transportation buffer of specimens which were Magic Lite positive but culture negative or toxic was investi
Smith N; Nelson MR; Hammond J; Purkayastha S; Barton SE; Department of GU/HIV Medicine, John Hunter Clinic, London, UK.
Over a four-month study period, 87 patients requesting termination of pregnancy at a gynaecology clinic were offered screening for sexually transmitted diseases, of whom 63 accepted. A total of 41 infections were found in 34 women, the commonest being vaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis. Chlamydia was found in
Bonhomme MG; Rojanapithayakorn W; Feldblum PJ; Rosenberg MJ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The results of a study of sexually transmitted disease (STD) incidence and related risk factors for STDs among uninfected women at high risk of contracting STD infection in Bangkok are reported. Comprising the control arm of a randomized controlled trial of a vaginal contraceptive sponge and STD incidence, 163 women a
Nathan M; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Doncaster Royal Infirmary; and Retford Hospital, S. York, UK.
With the use of a meatourethroscope, 18 patients with intrameatal and distal urethral warts were treated by Nd-Yag laser. Further treatment was carried out with cryotherapy using 140 CryoUnit as required. Sixteen patients were cured of their warts and remained wart-free over a 3-8 month period. Meatourethroscopy prove
An Med Interna. 1994 May;11(5):217-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339274
Bellmunt J; Ribas A; Ocana I; Capdevila JA; Ruiz-Marcellan MC; Giralt J; Sole LA; Seccion de Oncologia Medica, Unidad de Enfermedades; Infecciosas, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.
We analyzed the series of 40 malignant lymphoproliferative diseases (MLD) in HIV positive patients, diagnosed between 1986 and 1993 in a University Hospital in Spain . Median age was 32 years. 52% of the patients belonged to the intravenous drug users risk group, and 30% were homosex
An Med Interna. 1994 May;11(5):235-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339278
Roig P; Navarro V; Nieto A; Bernacer B; Ferrer C; Hospitales de San Juan y Denia, Alicante.
The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical characteristics of the infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 13 aged patients with more than 60 years of age. In all the cases, the first clinical manifestation causing the visit to the doctor was an opportunistic infection with criteria of acquired im
An Med Interna. 1994 May;11(5):238-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339279
Figueras Villalba MP; Martinez Alvarez RM; Munoz Marco JJ; Arazo Garces P; Naya Manchado J; Aguirre Errasti MA; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas,; Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza.
We present the case of a patient with AIDS who developed abscessified pneumonia by Rhodococcus equi. We publish this case given the rare frequency of presentation of this opportunistic infection in this type of patient and given its good clinical evolution, on the contrary of other cases described so far in the litera
An Med Interna. 1994 May;11(5):241-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339280
Hervas Laguna MJ; Nieto Rodriguez JA; Geijo Martinez MP; Ruiz Ribo MD; Borregon S; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Virgen de la Luz., Cuenca.
PML affects 4% of patients with AIDS and there is no effective treatment. Five cases of PML-AIDS have been described, showing clinical and radiological improvement after treatment with C-ara. We describe the case of a 33-year-old woman, addict to heroin, her clinical record including VIH infection, pneumonia by P. car
Aten Primaria. 1994 May 31;13(9):484-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339291
Chamorro J; Valpuesta Y; Eiros JM; Moreno L; Gonzalez I; Martin C; Arias JR; Rodriguez J; Del Pozo MA; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario,; Facultad de Medicina, Valladolid.
OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the understanding, previous experience and attitudes of Primary Care (PC) staff regarding the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to identify the preferred care environment for these patients. DESIGN. An observation study of a crossover type done by filling in a questionnaire. SETTING. Nine P
Mathe G; Chenu E; Bourut C; Orbach-Arbouys S; Institut du cancer et d'immunologie, Hopital Suisse de Paris,; Issy-les-Moulineaux, France.
The viremia of a mouse carrying a murine retrovirus, the Friend virus, was taken as a model for screening drugs which could be active on the human HIV retrovirus. Ellipticine and two of its analogues injected ip at appropriate doses drastically reduced the viremia of the Friend virus-injected mice, as measured by tran
Mori T; Nakase K; Tsuji K; Nagaya S; Ikeda T; Tanigawa M; Tamaki S; Miyanishi E; Kita K; Shirakawa S; Department of Internal Medicine, Yamada Red Cross Hospital, Mie.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is considered to contribute to the risk of malignancies other than adult T-cell leukemia. We report a 64-year-old male HTLV-1 carrier who developed quadruple malignancies such as cancer of the urinary bladder, skin, larynx and liver.
Nagamitsu S; Okabayashi S; Dai S; Morimitsu Y; Murakami T; Matsuishi T; Motizuki M; Kato H; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University; School of Medicine.
This 21-year-old male with hemophilia A developed cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). He had a history of numerous blood transfusions. Serum antibody titers became positi
Int J Med Microbiol Virol Parasitol Infect Dis. 1994 Mar;280(4):433-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339572
Roilides E
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is followed by an increased susceptibility to a series of opportunistic and common pathogenic organisms that can be viruses, bacteria, fungi or protozoa. This increased susceptibility has been associated with multiple defects underlying the whole spectrum of host defen
Antisense Res Dev. 1994 Spring;4(1):43-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339691
Iversen PL; Mata J; Tracewell WG; Zon G; Department of Pharmacology, University of Nebraska Medical; Center, Omaha 68198-6260.
An antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide 27-mer complementary to the rev gene mRNA of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) was administered to rats through intravenous injections and subcutaneous infusions in order to investigate the disposition of this compound. In addition, nonlethal toxic responses of
Marty P; Leger I; Albertini M; Gari-Toussaint M; Tommasi C; Manassero J; Le Fichoux Y; Mariani R; Clinique Medicale Infantile, Hopital de Cimiez, Nice.
Here, we present an analysis of clinical and biological data from 15 infantile visceral leishmaniasis recorded between 1985 and 1992 in the French department of Alpes-Maritimes. The association of fever, splenomegalia, tricytopenia remains the most constant and predictive of diagnosis (90% of cases). Bone marrow smear
Dean RA; Ochieng W; Black J; Queener SF; Bartlett MS; Dumaual NG; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of; Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis.
A selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection is described for the simultaneous quantitation of primaquine and carboxyprimaquine, its primary metabolite, in plasma. After addition of internal standard, plasma was deproteinized by addition of acetonitrile. Nitro
Jamison JM; Gilloteaux J; Summers JL; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northeastern Ohio; Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown 44272.
The results of our previous studies (Jamison et al. 1988, 1989, 1990 a, b, c, d, e) have shown that the ability of intercalative dyes to modulate the antiviral activity of poly r(A-U) is related to the groove through which the dyes intercalate into the poly r(A-U). When poly r(A-U) is combined with the minor groove in
Cavacini LA; Power J; Emes CL; Mace K; Treacy G; Posner MR; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard; School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
The IgG1 kappa human monoclonal antibody (HMab), F105 reacts with a discontinuous epitope on the CD4 binding site (CD4BS) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)/gp120 and has broad neutralizing activity. F105 HMab (60 mg/kg bolus) was administered intravenously to four monkeys and serum was collected at interv
C R Acad Sci III. 1993 Oct;316(10):1270-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94340443
Trotot PM; Sansonetti PJ; Gray F; Bigot JM; Sandoz-Tronca C; Institut Pasteur, Service de Radiologie, Paris, France.
A cohort of 50 initially asymptomatic seropositive patients have been followed for five years. Various clinical evolution have been observed: 21 remain stable, 29 underwent complications that take then to AIDS, 11 died. In any case, invariability of the MRI anomalies seems had to be imputed to primary infection scars.
Katsuraya K; Ikushima N; Takahashi N; Shoji T; Nakashima H; Yamamoto N; Yoshida T; Uryu T; Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
A series of sulfated alkyl oligosaccharides, including a sulfate dodecyl laminarapentaoside and a sulfated octadecyl maltohexaoside with potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity, has been synthesized. An alkyl oligosaccharide in which a long alkyl group is bonded to the reducing end of the oligosacchari
Mann DL; Martin P; Hamlin-Green G; Nalewaik R; Blattner W; Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, Program Resources,; Inc./DynCorp., National Cancer Institute Frederick Cancer; Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201.
Cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from HTLV-I-infected individuals proliferate in the absence of added mitogens and/or cytokines. In an attempt to answer questions regarding the activating signals for cells and virus, antibodies that react with cell surface components that are known to regulate cell activati
Binding of superantigens to MHC class II molecules results in transduction of biochemical signals leading to cellular activation and gene expression. We demonstrate that the staphylococcal superantigens toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) and staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) activate HIV-1-LTR-driven transcription
Graef AS; Gonzalez SS; Baca VR; Ramirez ML; Daza LB; Blanco FF; Ortiz OA; Lavalle CM; Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro; Medico La Raza, Mexico City, Mexico.
Prolactin (PRL) is an immunostimulatory hormone that is increased in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). On the other hand, SLE and AIDS patients share some clinical and immunologic manifestations and probably share similar pathogenic factors and etiology. Based on the above, we decided to inves
Lee BL; Delahunty T; Safrin S; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
We measured the urine concentrations of sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole hydroxylamine, and N-sulfamethoxazole on days 3 and 10 in 15 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with a combination product of trimethoprim (15 mg/kg/day) and sulfamethoxazole (75 mg/kg/day). The percentage of sulfamethoxaz
Donabedian H; O'Donnell E; Olszewski C; MacArthur RD; Budd N; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43699.
We report the first proven case of Sporothrix meningoencephalitis in an AIDS patient. The patient had dramatic, wide-spread ulcerative and infiltrative disease with progressive meningoencephalitis in spite of amphotericin and itraconazole therapy. Sporothrix was cultured from premortem cerebrospinal fluid and seen in
DiTomasso JP; Ampel NM; Sobonya RE; Bloom JW; Medical Service, VAMC, Tucson, AZ 85723.
The results of all fiberoptic bronchoscopic examinations that detected Coccidioides immitis at two medical centers in an area endemic for coccidioidomycosis were retrospectively reviewed. Coccidioides immitis was detected by cytologic examination of fluid from either
Battin MP; University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
In places such as The Netherlands and the US west coast, assistance in suicide has become a choice actually available to persons with AIDS. Hence, it is important to consider the rational structure of choices about suicide in AIDS. There are four principal levels of choice: (1
East Afr Med J. 1994 Apr;71(4):219-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94341200
Stein ME; Spencer D; Dansey R; Bezwoda WR; Northern Israel Oncology Centre, Haifa.
AIDS-related lymphoma was not apparent until 1985, when a statistically significant increase in the frequency of lymphoma had occurred. Over 50% are high-grade lymphoma, either immunoblastic or small, noncleaved cells (Burkitt s-like lymphoma), with involvement of extranodal sites such as the central nervous system (>
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1994 Aug;12(3):657-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94341227
Manfredi RA; Allison EJ Jr; Department of Emergency Medicine, East Carolina University,; Greenville, North Carolina.
The quest for an ideal vascular graft began in the early 1950s and continues at a steady pace. The perfect graft has yet to be designed. As a result, patients with vascular prostheses may suffer complications that range from minor to catastrophic. The emergency physician may be faced with the initial presentation of p
Ferretti PP; Versari A; Gafa SI; Becquemin MH; Barchi E; Serafini D; Roy M; Salvo D; Bouchikhi A; Servizio di Fisica Sanitaria, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio; Emilia, Italy.
The therapeutic efficacy of nebulised pentamidine in the prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) depends on the absolute pulmonary deposition of the drug. We studied the performance of a new nebuliser (Pentasave) by comparison both in vitro and in vivo with a standard nebuliser (Respirgard II). In vitro, d
Noel J; Cubitt D; Department of Virology, Hospital for Sick Children, London.
An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for astrovirus type 1 together with immune electronmicroscopy (IEM) was used to type a collection of 162 astroviruses obtained from 1981-93 from children with diarrhoea. The EIA was found to be specific for astrovirus type 1. Astrovirus types 2-4 were typed by IEM. Astrovirus type 1 was the
J Int Med Res. 1994;22 Suppl 1:14A-23A. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94341479
Kinghorn GR; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital,; Sheffield, UK.
New serological methods, based on the detection of type-specific antibodies to herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoproteins, have allowed a reappraisal of the prevalence of genital herpes . During the 1980s, genital herpes continued to be an infection of epidemic proportions in many
Figueroa Damian R; Departamento de Infectologia e Inmunologia, Instituto Nacional; de Perinatologia, Mexico, D.F.
In light of the increasing Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in women, the role of the obstetricians-gynecologists in the management of the HIV seropositive patients should increase, for these reasons is needed to improve their knowledge about HIV infection. The perinatal transmission are the principal rout
Tsuruchi N; Tsukamoto N; Kaku T; Kamura T; Nakano H; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine,; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Adenoma malignum of the uterine cervix in a 25-year-old Japanese woman with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is described. A cervical multicystic mass was detected by CT scan, sonography, and MR imaging. These imaging findings strongly suggested the presence of adenoma malignum in spite of normal Pap smear, colposcopy, an
Ficarra G; Chiodo M; Morfini M; Longo G; Orsi A; Piluso S; Rafanelli D; Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, University of Florence,; Italy.
BACKGROUND. HIV-infected individuals develop a large variety of oral manifestations. This study was designed to assess the prevalence and types of oral lesions among HIV-positive hemophiliacs. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A study population of 54 hemophiliacs was evaluated from February, 1987 to March, 1992 in order to anal
Riera A; Gimferrer E; Cadafalch J; Remacha A; Martin S; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Sant Pau,; Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
We report a high prevalence of elevated serum and red cell ferritin (SF and RCF) levels in 168 patients with HIV infection. SF levels increase with clinical worsening of infection and with decreasing CD4+ lymphocyte counts (ANOVA, p
Nokes KM; Wheeler K; Kendrew J; CUNY Hunter College, Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, New York.
The objective of this study was to establish the validity and reliability of a visual analog scale that rates HIV-related symptom severity and general well-being. Three groups of subjects completed the HIV Assessment Tool (HAT): uninfected subjects (n = 53); people with HIV infection (n = 60), and people with CDC-defi
Feng SH; Lo SC; Department of Infectious and Parasitic Disease Pathology, Armed; Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20306.
Mycoplasmas have been implicated as a possible cofactor in AIDS pathogenesis. Mycoplasma fermentans and M. penetrans infect human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients at a significantly higher frequency than non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected control subjects. Various mycoplasmal membrane preparations are k
Int Anesthesiol Clin. 1994 Spring;32(2):11-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94341939
Halpern S; Preston R; University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
As the incidence of AIDS continues to increase in the female population, there will be more cases of HIV-positive women in the obstetric suite requiring anesthesia services. Many may be asymptomatic, but there will be patients with active opportunistic infections and malignancies who may or may not have been treated.
Int Surg. 1994 Jan-Mar;79(1):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94342045
Klatt EC; Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; 84132.
A review of patients proven to have the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at autopsy revealed that 15.0% had one or more surgical procedures performed while they were infected with the immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Complications of AIDS were not frequently amenable to surgical therapy. Only 3.7% had an operati
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994 Jun 1;204(11):1775-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94342115
Childs JE; Rooney JA; Cooper JL; Olson JG; Regnery RL; Viral and Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease; Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Cats from several sources in Baltimore, Md, were tested for seropositivity to Rochalimaea henselae and R quintana. Co-infection with Toxoplasma gondii or feline immunodeficiency virus was assessed as a risk factor for infection with Rochalimaea spp. Of 592 cats tested, 87 (14.7%) were seropositive for one or both Roch
Zhong F; Swendeman SL; Popik W; Pitha PM; Sheffery M; Molecular Biology Program, Cornell University, Memorial; Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021.
The dimeric transcription factor CP2 binds a sequence element found near the transcription start site of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) long terminal repeat. Several groups have suggested that cellular factors binding this element might play a role in modulating HIV-1 promoter activity in vivo. For example,
Mouscadet JF; Carteau S; Goulaouic H; Subra F; Auclair C; Laboratoire de Physicochimie et de Pharmacologie des; Macromolecules Biologiques, CNRS URA 147, Institut; Gustave-Roussy, PRII, Villejuif, France.
Integration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA into the genome of host cells is an obligatory step in the replicative cycle of the virus. The overall process is carried out in vitro by a single viral protein, the integrase, which binds to short sequences located at the ends of viral DNA long terminal repeats (L
J Public Health Policy. 1994 Summer;15(2):226-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94342466
Hazelkorn HM; Robins LS; School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago; 60612-7259.
This study reports on an experiment to determine whether dentists would, in actual office practice, be willing to treat men they perceive to be homosexual. The data show an overwhelming percentage of dentists to be homophobic in some degree and a majority felt they did not have an ethical obligation to treat AIDS pati
Lewis SY; Haiken HJ; Hoyt LG; Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of; New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School.
Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease parallels other chronic illnesses in that medical advances are facilitating treatment, and many children infected early in life are living through school age and into adolescence. A medical overview of pediatric HIV, a review of natural history studies, and a recent
Bose S; Moss HA; Brouwers P; Pizzo P; Lorion R; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We investigated the psychosocial adjustment of school-aged, human immunodeficiency virus-positive children and factors associated with level of adjustment. Participants were primarily transfusion-infected children living in middle-class families. We administered measures of depression, anxiety, and self-concept to chi
Cohen FL; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing,; University of Illinois at Chicago 60612.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease in children has important and longlasting effects on families. Although aspects of other childhood illnesses can be applied to the study of pediatric HIV disease, the total constellation of symptoms and effects makes HIV disease unique. Further, the majority of families affec
Fanos JH; Wiener L; Department of Pediatrics, California Pacific Medical Center, San; Francisco 94115-1932.
There has been no empirical research on the psychologic effects on siblings of children afflicted with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This article therefore draws from existing sources: the literature of siblings of children with other chronic illnesses and the clinical experiences of those working with HIV-infec
Hardy MS; Armstrong FD; Routh DK; Albrecht J; Davis J; Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at; Charlotte 28223.
Coping strategies and communication of three groups of 20 preschool children and their parents were compared. One group was composed of children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who displayed clinical symptoms of the disease; the second group was composed of children diagnosed with cancer; and the
Sherwen LN; Boland M; Department of Nursing, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19107.
With improved medical treatments, children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are surviving for many years and need to be integrated into the mainstream of life. Caregivers need to be aware of psychosocial issues of children living with HIV; however, minimal research concerning children relates to psych
Mellins CA; Ehrhardt AA; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State; Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032.
This study explores stress and coping among inner-city, ethnically diverse families with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children. Caregivers, siblings, and HIV-infected children from 25 families responded to a semistructured interview on the psychosocial impact of HIV. Families were primarily African-Amer
Lipson M; Department of Pediatrics, Harlem Hospital, New York, New York; 10037.
This paper reviews research and clinical literature relevant to the question of disclosure of diagnosis to children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The model of pediatric oncology, in which much research already exists, is evaluated for its applicability to HIV and
Siegel K; Gorey E; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Social; Work, New York, New York.
Numerous articles stress the unique problems of mourning an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related death and suggest psychotherapeutic interventions. However, no studies have been conducted that identify what differs in the grief process when the death was AIDS-associated and whether the extensive clinical
Taylor-Brown S; Kumetat SH; School of Social Work, Syracuse University, New York 13224.
To facilitate future research efforts, an annotated bibliography summarizing the existing pediatric human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome psychosocial literature was developed. This guide for researchers should be useful in developing studies in this area. Three strategies were used to id
Mitchell-Lewis DA; Phelan JA; Kelly RB; Bradley JJ; Lamster IB; Harlem Hospital Center, New York.
Dental patients who smoke crack cocaine are at higher risk for HIV infection and other medical concerns including stroke, heart failure and pulmonary hemorrhage. Four cases are reported which illustrate oral ulcers caused by crack cocaine usage.
Wright R; Wright Communications, Evanston, Ill. 60201.
Patients are asking: Can I catch AIDS in your office? Should I have my mercury fillings replaced? Are my children in danger from fluoridated water? If X-rays are so safe, why do you leave the room when you take them? Strategies for addressing these and other tough patient questions are discussed.
Hara H; Morita M; Iwaki T; Hatae T; Itoyama Y; Kitamoto T; Akizuki S; Goto I; Watanabe T; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University,; Fukuoka, Japan.
Identification of the localization of human T lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA in the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial to the understanding of the pathogenesis of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) pathogenesis. We have developed a sensitive detection method, c
Arendt G; Hefter H; Hilperath F; von Giesen HJ; Strohmeyer G; Freund HJ; Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf,; Germany.
One hundred HIV-positive individuals without clinically evident central nervous system (CNS) deficits entered this follow-up study and were examined clinically and with a well-defined motor test battery every 3 months over 2 years or until they decreased. They underwent magnetic resonance tomography once a year. None
Lima C; Vital JP; Department of Neurology, Hospital Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal.
The olfactory mucosa, bulbs and tracts were examined for the presence of Cryptococcus neoformans in 3 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cryptococcal meningitis. Two of them had antibodies against HIV-1 and one had positive serology for HIV-2. Cryptococci were seen in the subarachnoid spa
Although first reported more than 100 years ago, autologous blood transfusion was grossly underused until the 1980s, when the safety of blood came into question. With the discovery of transfusion-transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), physicians and patients began to request this form of transfusion. In this
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) causes serious infections, particularly vision-threatening retinitis, in persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Foscarnet has been demonstrated to delay the progression of CMV retinitis and is an alternative to ganciclovir. Adver
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has or will impact each and every one of us; according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), there has been 9.8% increase of AIDS in women versus 2.5% in men in 1992, with more women, and specifically, black women infected through sexual
As knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease increases, society s attitudes toward disclosure of seropositivity are reverting to a traditional public health approach. Both patients and healthcare professionals fear HIV infection (although the risks of transmission in healthcare are small), and broadly su
J Med Vet Mycol. 1994;32(2):105-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94343183
Hostetler JS; Catanzaro A; Stevens DA; Graybill JR; Sharkey PK; Larsen RA; Tucker RM; al-Haidary AD; Rinaldi MG; Cloud GA; et al; Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, CA 95128-2699.
A new oral triazole antifungal, SCH 39304, was administered to 54 patients with progressive infections due to Coccidioides immitis from six collaborating centers. Patients were grouped according to site of infection including chronic pulmonary (25), bone/joint (17) and skin/soft tissue (12). The median age was 40 year
Pergami A; Gala C; Burgess A; Invernizzi G; Catalan J; Institute of Psychiatry, University of Milan Medical School,; Ospedale Policlinico, Italy.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of current and past psychiatric morbidity among HIV seropositive and HIV seronegative heterosexual men and women and to identify the psychosocial factors associated with psychiatric morbidity. Twenty-four asymptomatic HIV seropositive and twenty-six HIV seronegative
Rosenfield AG; Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032.
There are a number of important ethical issues involved in the area of women s reproductive health care. Only a few of these could be covered in this short paper. Abortion is perhaps the most controversial issue of all and raises a number of ethical issues related to the rights of the woman versus the rights of the fe
McLucas B; McGill J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California; at Los Angeles 90024.
Clear margins are critical to the identification of complete excision of premalignant lesions on the cervix. Large loop excision of the transformation zone aids the pathologic evaluation of the excised specimen while it causes minimal thermal damage. Prior studies of loop excision were performed with a cutting current
J Med Chem. 1994 Aug 19;37(17):2637-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
Taylor EW; Ramanathan CS; Jalluri RK; Nadimpalli RG; Computational Center for Molecular Structure and Design,; University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2352.
Several previously unnoticed genes in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), potentially encoding selenoproteins, have been discovered by analyzing the genomic RNA structure and its relation to novel open reading frames. We have found a number of new potential RNA pseudoknots, including one in the long termi
J Med Chem. 1994 Aug 19;37(17):2664-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94343455
Lunney EA; Hagen SE; Domagala JM; Humblet C; Kosinski J; Tait BD; Warmus JS; Wilson M; Ferguson D; Hupe D; et al; Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner Lambert,; Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105-2430.
HIV-1 protease has been identified as a significant target enzyme in AIDS research. While numerous peptide-derived inhibitors have been described, the identification of a nonpeptide inhibitor remains an important goal. Using an HIV-1 protease mass screening technique, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-phenoxypropyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-on
Stewart DL; Zuckerman CJ; Ingle JM; Department of Family Medicine, University of Maryland School of; Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
This article describes a study undertaken to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and risk factors associated with HIV infection in a chronically mentally ill population. Patients were eligible for inclusion in the survey at their first outpatient or inpatient admission to a Marylan
Poon TP; Behbahani M; Matoso I; Kim B; Department of Pathology, New York Medical College-Metropolitan; Medical Center, NY 10029.
A pineal mass in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is reported. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a nodular mass in the pineal region with foci of calcification and obstruction of the aqueduct mimicking a pineal tumor. At autopsy, the brain revealed a well-circumscribed lesion with central
Hnatuk LA; Brown DH; Snell GE; Department of Otolaryngology, Toronto Hospital, Ontario.
Since the recognition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1981, previously rare infections and neoplasms have become increasingly common. Bacillary angiomatosis, undescribed in the medical literature prior to 1983, is now second in frequency only to Kaposi s sarcoma with respect to the cutaneous manife
Takenaka T; Kuribayashi K; Tsukiyama M; Nakamine H; Maeda J; Hiroi K; Kuno T; Nakamura Y; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wakayama Medical School.
Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and Southern hybridization, gag, pol, env and pX region genes of HTLV-1 provirus were detected in T-cell malignancy such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), mycosis fungoides in leukemic phase (MF) and, CD8-leukemia. The gag, pol, and/or env regions, were not a
J S C Med Assoc. 1994 Jun;90(6):281-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94343815
Schlidt RA; Hoffman BJ; Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina,; Charleston 29425-3302.
The various clinical presentations of infectious esophagitis have been discussed. The physician approach to patients with suspected infectious esophagitis is based on whether the patient has an underlying immune problem. Symptomatic patients with thrush and AIDS should be empir
Subramaniam S; Balasubramaniam V; Sinniah M; Thayan R; Lim LY; Division of Virology, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala; Lumpur, Malaysia.
HIV-1 antibody patterns in two groups, those infected by the intravenous route (IV drug users) and those infected by the sexual route (prostitutes, male homosexuals and sexually transmitted disease patients) were compared using the Western blot technique. A total of 160 cases were studied. The intravenous drug user (I
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Jun 18;103(3):101-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94343920
Barbera JR; Forns MC; Capdevila JA; Ortega A; Quintana AG; Ocana I; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Ciutat Sanitaria i Universitaria; Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona.
Disseminated aspergillosis is very infrequent in patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus and diagnosis is made usually upon necropsy. The case of a 28 year old male who presented multiple abscesses by Aspergillus sp. in the lung, thyroid glands, spleen, myocardium, pancreas, kidney and in both cerebral h
New Microbiol. 1994 Apr;17(2):151-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94344044
Confalonieri M; Gandola L; Aiolfi S; Parigi P; Mazzoni A; Department of Respiratory Diseases, Crema Hospital, Cremona,; Italy.
Histoplasmin skin tests were conducted on a student population in Crema, Po Valley, Italy . In this geographical area two autochtonal cases of disseminated histoplasmosis occurred in HIV-negative men. In the last year we tested 776 senior high school students, mean age 18 years, 335
New Microbiol. 1994 Apr;17(2):85-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94344050
Gibellini D; Zauli G; Re MC; Furlini G; Lolli S; Borgatti P; Capitani S; La Placa M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Italy.
Starting from our previous observations that the HIV-1-mediated engagement of CD4 induced apoptotic death of TF-1 hematopoietic progenitor cells, in this study we evaluated PKC activity and intracellular Ca2+ levels in TF-1 cells treated with viable and heat-inactivated HIV-1 (strain IIIB) or anti-CD4 Leu3a monoclonal
A set of recombinant plasmids containing different fragments of HTLV-I env gene has been constructed on the basis of pUR290-pUR292 vectors. The hybrid proteins containing different fragments of ENV predecessor in the C-terminal of beta-galactosidase differed in stability in Escherichia coli cells. The presence of N-te
Lima C; Vital JP; Laboratory of Experimental Microsurgery, Hospital Egas Moniz,; Lisbon, Portugal.
A central nervous system isolate from an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient of 10(3) Cryptococcus neoformans cells was instilled intranasally into guinea pigs. These were killed to evaluate the fate of the organisms and the response of the olfactory mucosa. Olfactory epithelium prevented the penetration
Nature. 1994 Aug 25;370(6491):666-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94344244
Matthews S; Barlow P; Boyd J; Barton G; Russell R; Mills H; Cunningham M; Meyers N; Burns N; Clark N; et al; Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, UK.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) matrix protein, p17, forms the outer shell of the core of the virus, lining the inner surface of the viral membrane. The protein has several key functions. It orchestrates viral assembly via targeting signals that direct the gag precursor polyprotein, p55, to the host cell membra
Dechambenoit G; Boni NG; Santini JJ; Ba Zeze V; Beaumel A; Kakou M; Service de Neurochirurgie, CHU Yopougon, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
Cerebral tuberculous abscess is exceptional. We report on the case of a H.I.V. positive 29 year-old man suffering from high intracranial pressure together with a cerebellar syndrome. The CT scan revealed a voluminous abscess of the left cerebellar hemisphere. Anatomical and pathological examination of the extracted ma
Caulker-Burnett I; Division of Substance Abuse Medicine, Medical College of Virginia; Hospitals.
Substance abuse is a major public health problem in the United States today. Studies are showing increasing evidence of the serious medical and psychosocial consequences of drug use across all age groups. Of great concern are the problems of infants born to addicted mothers, the increa
Anderson MG; Dynan WS; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado,; Boulder 80309.
The human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) Tax protein increases the DNA binding activity of a number of different host cell transcription factors, including the cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB). We have performed quantitative studies of CREB binding in the presence and absence of Tax in an atte
The author argues that HIV prevention work should be targeted, not according to outdated and prejudiced notions of high-risk groups, but according to an analysis of those affected by a number of identifiable risk factors. These factors occur within populations that are marginalised and socially devalued. Similaritie
Biological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is generally based on indirect arguments (serology). In cases of immaturity or of immune depression, however, evidence of the parasite has to be obtained. This involves time-consuming or relatively insensitive culture techniques. Molecular biology, and more particularly the polyme
Beer JZ; Olvey KM; Lee W; Zmudzka BZ; Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug; Administration, Rockville, MD 20857.
Effects of different radiation treatments on the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) promoter were reassessed for exposures comparable to those encountered in clinical or cosmetic practice, using survival of the host cell as a basis for comparisons. The exposures were performed with two ultraviolet radiation sources
Blomkvist V; Theorell T; Jonsson H; Schulman S; Berntorp E; Stiegendal L; National Institute of Psychosocial Factors and Health, Stockholm,; Sweden.
A psychosocial investigation offered to all HIV-infected men with moderately severe or severe hemophilia in Sweden was made in 1986. Most of these men had been infected in the years 1980-1984 and told about their own infection in 1985. A noninfected group of hemophiliacs was used a
An experimental study was performed to investigate the efficacy of irradiating HIV-contaminated allografts. Irradiation was achieved using an accelerator delivering 6.3 MeV electrons, and the viral strain was HIV-1/LAV-1. At an activity equivalent to 600.000 counts of reverse transcriptase activity per minute and per
Rev Med Brux. 1994 May-Jun;15(3):132-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94345275
Noseda A; Schoonjans J; Carioni M; Guillaume MP; Prigogine T; Douat N; Cliniques de Pneumologie, Hopital Brugmann, Bruxelles.
The aim of this study was to compare induced sputum versus bronchoscopy in a non selected population. An induced sputum and a bronchoscopy with aspiration of secretions and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were proposed to 30 patients with suspected lower respiratory tract infection, including 14 subjects with AIDS. Induc
The ability of rural health personnel to recognise AIDS related symptoms and signs according to the WHO clinical case definition (CCD) and its modified Rwandan version was tested in 4141 clinically suspected cases in South-Rwanda. The sensitivities of these CCDs for AIDS in adults were 33% (36%), the specificities 78%
Boles J; Elifson KW; Department of Sociology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303.
This paper reports on the social organization of 53 transvestite prostitutes in Atlanta (GA), U.S.A. The central focus of the paper is on the relationship between social organization, social networks, and HIV risk behaviors in three geographic areas. In one of the areas the HIV infection rate was significantly higher
Barbour RS; MRC Medical Sociology Unit, Glasgow, Scotland.
This review describes and discusses research on the experiences of professionals and volunteers who work face-to-face with people with HIV/AIDS. Although there is a rapidly growing body of research which examines the attitudes and experiences of staff involved in HIV/AIDS service provision, this work has, as yet, fail
de la Fuente J; Albo C; Rodriguez A; Sopena B; Martinez C; Infectious Disease Section, Hospital Xeral-Cies, Vigo, Spain.
Bordetella bronchiseptica is recognised as a respiratory tract pathogen in many mammalian species, but has rarely been implicated in human infection. A case is reported of pneumonia caused by B bronchiseptica in a patient suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Transplant Proc. 1994 Aug;26(4):1905-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94345566
Takeuchi I; Chikaraishi T; Kanagawa K; Tanda K; Seki T; Togashi M; Koyanagi T; Department of Urology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine,; Sapporo, Japan.
The comparative analysis of frequency of occurrence of different indications of cytogenetic variabilities in blood cells of cattle groups (relative healthy, infected by bovine leukosis virus and exposed to ionizing radiation in the Chernobyl zone) was carried out. Both genotoxic influences induced increases in frequen
Persidskii IuV; Shcherbinskaia AM; Barshtein IuA; Antonenko SV; Marichev IL
The results of immunological and morphological studies of Asian macaques (Macaca mulatta) infected by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) are summarized in this review of literature. This virus causes development of the immunodeficiency disease that closely resembles human AIDS. Immunological parameters (CD count, ant
We analyzed prospectively collected data from 211 HIV-infected patients who underwent bronchoscopy because of pulmonary symptoms during the period 1989-1991. We found an improvement in survival for patients diagnosed with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in 1991 as compared to 1989 and 1990 (log rank test: p = 0.0
Kaczan E; Gottlieb I; Jans H; Holstebro Centralsygehus, medicinsk afdeling.
In order to illuminate causes of accidental occupational exposure of the house staff at the Central Hospital of Holstebro (CHH) to the potential hazards of HIV- and HBV-transmission, all cases of reported injuries occurring in 1991-1992 have been analysed. Needleprick lesions were found to account for the great majori
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1994 May;41(1-2):1-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/X63684
Ishiguro N; Matsui T; Shinagawa M; Department of Veterinary Public Health, Obihiro University of; Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan.
The tumor cells from three different types (calf, skin and thymic) of bovine lymphosarcoma identified as sporadic bovine leukosis (SBL) were transplanted to nude mice and established as lymphoid tumor lines. To clarify the T-cell lineage, clonality and differentiation stage, these cell lines were examined for the immu
Gonda MA; Luther DG; Fong SE; Tobin GJ; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Structure, Program Resources,; Inc./DynCorp, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research; and Development Center, MD 21702.
The SIV family is a diverse group of viruses that vary considerably in pathogenesis and virulence in their natural host species or macaques. Although the disease induced by the SIVsm subtype in particular is remarkably similar to human AIDS, it must be remembered that this is an experimental animal model. Therefore, a
Fultz PN; Zack PM; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294.
The most virulent primate lentivirus identified to date, the simian virus SIVsmmPBj14 (SIV-PBj14), is unique not only because it causes acute disease and death within days instead of months or years, but also because of its replicative and cellular activation properties. The acute disease syndrome has many features in
Simon MA; Brodie SJ; Sasseville VG; Chalifoux LV; Desrosiers RC; Ringler DJ; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, New England; Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA 01772.
Blumberg BM; Gelbard HA; Epstein LG; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, NY 14642.
Recent studies in our laboratory and that of Dr. Howard Gendelman have revealed two important pathways for neuronal damage during HIV-1 encephalopathy in children. First, substantial numbers of astrocytes are actively or latently infected with HIV-1. Astrocyte infection may lead to neuronal dysfunction through loss of
Meshandin AG; Vaneeva LI; Agapkina NP; Mironova VV; Dargeeva TA
The practical aspects of the theory of the adsorption of bioligands on the plastic surface have been considered and discussed. The possibility of standardizing polystyrene plates, as well as obtaining plates with the predetermined level of adsorption activity with respect to given antigens (antibodies), has been shown
Eyskens E; Department of Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem,; Belgium.
Surgeons feel threatened by the risk of contamination when operating on HIV-seropositive or AIDS patients. Observations on the likelihood of contamination in literature are most divergent due to variables in seropositive prevalence, in frequency of contamination risk and in distinction between HIV seropositive and AID
Colebunders R; Van Damme L; Van den Abbeele K; Fleerackers Y; Van den Enden E; Dockx P; Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde, Antwerpen, Belgie.
Four patients with HIV infection and severe immunodeficiency are described who developed atypical varicella zoster lesions. Three of the patients presented with chronic varicella zoster lesions. In two of them such lesions were hyperkeratotic. All three patients had been treated initially with subtherapeutic doses of
Robak T; II Kliniki Chorob Wewnetrznych AM w Lodzi.
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein produced primarily by the kidney in response to tissue hypoxia, and is the principal factor regulating red blood cell production. It stimulates erythroid precursors in the bone marrow to proliferate and mature into morphologically identifiable red blood cells. This hormone acts b
Naber D; Pajonk FG; Perro C; Lohmer B; Psychiatric Hospital, University of Munich, Germany.
Psychiatric inpatients are at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Investigations in the United States revealed seroprevalence rates of 5.5-8.9%. Therefore, inclusion of HIV antibody testing in routine laboratory screening is sometimes suggested. To investigate this i
Nagata Y; Fujino Y; Ono A; Mochizuki M; Mouri H; Oka S; Kimura S; Shimada K; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of; Medicine, Japan.
A 41-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis. Intravenous administration of ganciclovir arrested progression of the retinitis, but it was discontinued due to side
Del Prete R; Mosca A; Locaputo S; Federico M; Angarano G; Miragliotta G; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bari, Italy.
Eighty-six serum samples from 52 HIV-1 infected patients with complicating pneumonia illness were assayed for the presence of antibodies to Legionella pneumophila. In 25 of these patients Pneumocystic carinii has been previously diagnosed. Among all patients investigated only 4 had antibodies to L. pneumophila of sign
Ann Allergy. 1994 Aug;73(2):123-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94346648
Parra FM; Perez Elias MJ; Cuevas M; Ferreira A; Servicio de Alergia, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
We describe a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection who developed the main clinical features of a serum sickness reaction while receiving treatment with daily therapeutic doses of tuberculostatic drugs. A decrease in complement titers as well as a detection of significant levels of circulating immune com
Ann Intern Med. 1994 Oct 1;121(7):513-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94346704
Rabin DL; Boekeloo BO; Marx ES; Bowman MA; Russell NK; Willis AG; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether office-based interventions increase primary care physicians risk assessment of and counseling practices for patients regarding sexually transmitted diseases and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Washington, D.C., Metropolitan
Boulard F; Cnudde F; Teron-Aboud B; Kermanac'h P; Nicolas M; Juminer B; Service de Medecine B, Centre hospitalier general; intercommunal, Basse-Terre, Saint-Claude, Guadeloupe.
The authors report the case of a 45-year-old HIV and HTLV1 antibody positive male patient form French West-Indies who was infected by disseminated histoplasmosis presenting as acute diarrhea. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed gastric mass and colonoscopy patchy erythematous mucosa. The diagnosis was made by histolog
Natoli C; Ortona L; Tamburrini E; Tinari N; Di Stefano P; D'Egidio M; Ghinelli F; Sighinolfi L; D'Ostilio N; Piazza M; et al; Chair of Medical Oncology, University G. D'Annunzio Medical; School, Chieti, Italy.
Levels of a 90,000 daltons monoclonal antibody-defined tumor-associated antigen, termed 90K, were measured in the serum from 649 patients with various types of cancer and 1215 patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Significantly increased 90K serum levels (12.1 +/- 0.5 U/ml) were found in cancer
Hendrix CW; Flexner C; Szebeni J; Kuwahara S; Pennypacker S; Weinstein JN; Lietman PS; Department of Infectious Diseases, Wilford Hall Medical Center,; Lackland AFB, Texas 78236-5300.
Zidovudine delays the progression of infection and prolongs the survival of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, but these benefits are limited by dose-related toxicity and the cost of the drug. Dipyridamole, in micromolar concentrations, acts synergistically with zidovudine, reducing the anti-HIV 95%
Kageyama S; Anderson BD; Hoesterey BL; Hayashi H; Kiso Y; Flora KP; Mitsuya H; Experimental Retrovirology, Section, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
KNI-272 represents a peptide-based protease inhibitor having potent antiretroviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. The structure contains allophenylnorstatine [(2S,3S)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyric acid] with a hydroxymethylcarbonyl isostere. We asked whether this experimental anti-HI
Jacobson MA; Polsky B; Causey D; Davis R; Tong W; O'Donnell JJ; Kuppermann BD; Heinemann MH; Feinberg J; Lizak P; et al; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
The pharmacodynamic relationship between a range of foscarnet exposure measurements obtained from studying nine patients receiving ongoing maintenance therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis and a range of efficacy values (days to retinitis progression) obtained by independent examin
Opravil M; Joos B; Luthy R; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Zurich,; Switzerland.
Concentrations of dapsone, monoacetyldapsone, and pyrimethamine were determined in 36 serum samples from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients on prophylaxis with once-weekly administration of dapsone-pyrimethamine (200 mg of dapsone-75 mg of pyrimethamine). During day 1 after ingestion, median levels of 1,03
Bermudez LE; Young LS; Inderlied CB; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases,; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San; Francisco 94115.
Organisms of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) cause disseminated disease in patients with AIDS, and evidence points to the gastrointestinal tract as the major route of infection. Since MAC can bind to and invade intestinal mucosal cells, we examined whether subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics which have a
Chochola J; Yamaguchi Y; Moguilevsky N; Bollen A; Strosberg AD; Stanislawski M; Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Institut de Recherches Scientifiques; sur le Cancer, Villejuif, France.
Myeloperoxidase is virucidal to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the persistently infected CEM human T-cell line or in acutely infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as judged by viral infectivity and P24 radioimmunoassay. HIV-1 was specifically inactivated by low doses of the human myelopero
Mercure L; Brenner BJ; Phaneuf D; Tsoukas C; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec,; Canada.
Several groups have shown that peripheral CD8+ lymphocytes can be infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), resulting in noncytopathic infection and persistent production of viral particles. We studied the ability of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (
Ann Thorac Surg. 1994 Aug;58(2):333-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94346902
Temeck BK; Venzon DJ; Moskaluk CA; Pass HI; Surgical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Pulmonary mycoses can be life threatening in patients who are in an immunocompromised state stemming from defective host defenses or the use of certain treatment regimens. In 36 immunosuppressed patients undergoing thoracotomy for the treatment of pulmonary fungal disease, the underlying cause of immunosuppression was
Batman PA; Fleming SC; Sedgwick PM; MacDonald TT; Griffin GE; Department of Histopathology, Bradford Royal Infirmary, UK.
OBJECTIVE: The concept that HIV infection per se alters small intestinal mucosal structure and function (HIV enteropathy) remains controversial and in this study we report in vitro experiments designed to elucidate the matter. METHODS: Twenty pairs of human fetal intestinal tissue explants were maintained in vitro for
Singer EJ; Syndulko K; Fahy-Chandon BN; Shapshak P; Resnick L; Schmid P; Conrad AJ; Tourtellotte WW; Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center West Los; Angeles, CA 90073.
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that selected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers [intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) synthesis rate, oligoclonal IgG bands, and p24 antigen levels] are associated with the presence and severity of clinical HIV-1 neurologic disease. DESIGN AND METHODS: CSF and blood parameters from 142
Asmuth DM; Hammer SM; Wanke CA; Division of Infectious Diseases, New England Deaconess Hospital,; Boston, MA 02215.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the role of direct infection of intestinal cells with HIV-1 in the pathogenesis of HIV-related enteropathy. METHODS: We infected HT-29-18-C1 intestinal cells with the IIIB strain of HIV and examined the physiologic effects of enterocyte function. Dipeptidase-IV, aminopeptidase-N, gamma glutami
Blood. 1994 Aug 1;84(3):934-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94318974
Wang JT; Lin MT; Chen PJ; Sheu JC; Lin JT; Wang TH; Chen DS; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University; Hospital, Taipei.
To study the incidence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) after blood transfusion in Taiwan , serum samples from 699 patients in a prospective study were examined for seroreactivity of anti-HTLV. By an enzyme immunoassay, 9 of
Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih. 1994 Jan;14(1):18-20, 3-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94319131
Bi LQ; Liu JW; Song Y; Third Medical College, Norman Bethune University of Medical; Science, Changchun.
The effect of trichosanthin (TCS) on immune system has drawn attentions of the investigators both at home and abroad. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prospects of TCS on autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiency diseases by detecting the immunoregulatory T lymphocytes (T8, 2H4, 4B4) count and cellular DNA
Carlquist JF; Shelby J; Hammond EH; Greenwood JH; Anderson JL; Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine,; Salt Lake City.
Mechanisms of graft rejection may be governed in part by the kind and degree of histocompatibility differences between donor and recipient. Cardiac allograft rejection was studied in three murine models selected to provide disparity at different major histocompatibility complex (MHC), minor lymphocyte stimulating (Mls
Glick M; Muzyka BC; Salkin LM; Lurie D; University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine,; Philadelphia.
A multitude of oral lesions have been described in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Few studies have attempted to correlate specific oral findings with immune status and HIV disease progression in the population reflecting the demographic profile of this epidemic. A prospective study w
Sun A; Chiang CP; Chiou PS; Wang JT; Liu BY; Wu YC; School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of levamisole on the immune system of patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) or oral lichen planus (OLP) in an open trial. Lymphocyte subsets, serum immunoglobulins, and circulating immune complexes (CIC) in patients with RAU or OLP and in normal control subj
These recommendations update the interim guidelines (1) developed by the U.S. Public Health Service for the use of zidovudine (ZDV) to reduce the risk for perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The recently reported results of AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 demonstrated that Z
Stat Med. 1994 Apr 30;13(8):805-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94323603
Gentleman RC; Lawless JF; Lindsey JC; Yan P; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Auckland,; New Zealand.
Multi-state Markov models can be useful in analysing disease history data. We apply the general estimation methods of Kalbfleisch and Lawless to panel data in which individuals are viewed over only a portion of their life history and complete information about transition times between states is unavailable. Methods to
Treatment of HIV and related malignancies with pharmacologic and biologic agents has not appreciably modified the course of disease. Immunologic impairment remains the critical factor in response. We report the long-term results of a single session of low-flow (0.3 L/min) extracorporeal perfusion hyperthermia on 29 me
Medina E; Borthwick N; Johnson MA; Miller S; Bofill M; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Free Hospital and School; of Medicine, London, UK.
A novel technique is described which allows the study of the responses of T cell subpopulations stimulated in bulk cultures without interfering with cell-cell interactions. The number and phenotype of lymphoblasts developing following stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), anti-CD3, staphylococcal protein A (SPA)
Currie BP; Freundlich LF; Casadevall A; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461.
Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of environmental (pigeon excreta) and clinical Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans isolates in a limited geographic area distinguished 6 strains among 8 environmental isolates and 12 strains among 17 clinical isolates. Clusters of patients with three strains types
Kubota R; Umehara F; Izumo S; Ijichi S; Matsumuro K; Yashiki S; Fujiyoshi T; Sonoda S; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
A quantitative method utilizing polymerase chain reaction was employed to evaluate the amount of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral DNA in the affected spinal cords from patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Central nervous system (CNS) tissues were obtain
Theodore AC; Kornfeld H; Wallace RP; Cruikshank WW; Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine,; Massachusetts 02118.
HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120) may contribute to the magnitude of the immunological defects observed in the early stages of HIV-1 infection by modulating CD4 from the cell surface and altering the function of both CD4 and CD3 in uninfected cells. We investigated CD4 expression as well as CD3- and CD4-mediated cel
Nuovo GJ; Becker J; Burk MW; Margiotta M; Fuhrer J; Steigbigel RT; Department of Pathology, SUNY at Stony Brook 11794-8691.
This study determined the in situ detection rate of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA and RNA in lymph nodes and peripheral blood CD4+ cells in six patients with asymptomatic HIV-1 infection and from six people who died of advanced AIDS. The lymph nodes of patien
Muller F; Froland SS; Aukrust P; Fagerhol MK; Kaptein W. Wilhelmsen og Frues Institute of Bacteriology,; University of Oslo, National Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway.
The calcium-binding myelomonocytic protein calprotectin (L1 protein) was quantified in serum from 51 patients with HIV infection and in 20 HIV-seronegative blood donors. Significantly elevated levels were found both in asymptomatic patients and in people with AIDS compared with controls. The calprotectin level was not
Shiboski CH; Hilton JF; Greenspan D; Westenhouse JL; Derish P; Vranizan K; Lifson AR; Canchola A; Katz MH; Cohen JB; et al; Department of Stomatology, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0422.
The goals of this study were to compare the prevalence of oral lesions in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HIV-negative women, and to determine the association of oral lesions with route of HIV transmission and with level of immunosuppression in infected women. As part of a prospective 4-year
Maden C; Hopkins SG; Lafferty WE; Seattle-King County Department of Public Health, Washington; 98104.
Time to progression to an AIDS-defining disease or death was analyzed for residents of King County, Washington State, with selected class IV non-AIDS diagnoses. Relative to people with constitutional symptoms, the risk of progression to an AIDS-defining diagnosis was 1.4 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-2.2), 1.6 (9
Gringeri A; Santagostino E; Mannucci PM; Tradati F; Cultraro D; Buzzi A; Criscuolo M; David A; Guillemot L; Barre-Sinoussi F; et al; Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS; Maggiore Hospital, Milan, Italy.
HIV-induced cytokine dysregulation, including overproduction of the antiproliferative and cytolytic IFN alpha cytokine, represents a major component of the immune disorders characterizing AIDS. To block the overproduction of IFN alpha we designed an AIDS vaccine combination which included both an anti-HIV and/or an an
Heym B; Honore N; Truffot-Pernot C; Banerjee A; Schurra C; Jacobs WR Jr; van Embden JD; Grosset JH; Cole ST; Unite de Genetique Moleculaire Bacterienne, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.
Tuberculosis-control programmes are compromised by the increased frequency of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis techniques to establish the molecular basis of resistance in 37 drug-resistant
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 2;91(16):7501-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94329543
Chen ZW; Kou ZC; Shen L; Regan JD; Lord CI; Halloran M; Lee-Parritz D; Fultz PN; Letvin NL; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, MA 01772.
SIVsmmPBj14, a variant simian immunodeficiency virus isolated from a pig-tailed macaque, stimulates the proliferation of macaque T lymphocytes in vitro and induces an acutely lethal disease in macaques characterized, in part, by lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. To determine whether SIVsmmPBj14 exhibits superantigen-l
Delloye C; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, St-Luc University Clinics,; Brussels, Belgium.
Like vascularized transplants, tissue allografts are able to transmit viral and bacterial diseases. Transmission of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and HCV (Hepatitis C virus) has been proved for sterilized, unprocessed and deep-frozen allografts. It is the prime responsibility of the tissue bank to select the dono
Chen SY; Bagley J; Marasco WA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Intracellularly expressed antibodies, referred to as intrabodies can be designed to bind and inactivate target molecules inside cells. In our previous study, mammalian cells were transduced to produce an anti-gp120 single-chain intrabody sFv105 to inactivate human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. Here,
Poli A; Abramo F; Baldinotti F; Pistello M; Da Prato L; Bendinelli M; Department of Animal Pathology, University of Pisa, Italy.
A malignant low-grade B-cell lymphoma, primarily in the kidney, is described in a specific-pathogen-free cat experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and free of feline leukaemia virus. At the time of diagnosis the cat showed a marked reduction of circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes, was 2 years old
Giese NA; Giese T; Morse HC 3rd; Laboratory of Immunopathology, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Murine AIDS (MAIDS) is a complex syndrome of lymphoproliferation and immunodeficiency induced by a replication-defective murine leukemia virus (BM5def) that encodes Pr60gag as its only product. It has been suggested that the gag polyprotein is responsible for vigorous antigenic stimulation of CD4+ T cells and generali
Ilyinskii PO; Daniel MD; Simon MA; Lackner AA; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772-9102.
The nef reading frame overlaps about 70% of the U3 region of the 3 long terminal repeat (LTR) in primate lentiviruses. We investigated the functional role of these overlapping U3 sequences by analyzing the properties of three mutant forms of the pathogenic SIVmac239 clone. In mutant UScon, 90 of 275 bp in the upstrea
Lancet. 1994 Aug 13;344(8920):444-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94335405
Yuen KY; Wong SS; Tsang DN; Chau PY; Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, University of; Hong Kong.
Diagnosis of Penicillium marneffei infection is often made late. We evaluated an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test for P marneffei in serum from 103 patients with persistent fever and from 78 normal subjects. Germinating conidia (initial tissue-invasion phase) and yeast-hyphae (tissue multiplication phase) form
Brousset P; Drouet E; Schlaifer D; Icart J; Payen C; Meggetto F; Marchou B; Massip P; Delsol G; Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de; Purpan, Toulouse, France.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether activation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication in tumour cells of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (ARNHL) is correlated with CD4+ cell counts and influences antibody response to EBV [anti-Z Epstein-Barr replicative activator (ZEBRA), anti-ear
Fust G; Toth FD; Kiss J; Ujhelyi E; Nagy I; Banhegyi D; National Institute of Haematology, Blood Transfusion, and; Immunology, Budapest, Hungary.
OBJECTIVE: To study the association between the progression of HIV disease and HIV neutralization and enhancement measured in the presence of human complement. DESIGN: Two studies were performed: (1) longitudinal measurement of the complement-dependent enhancing antibodies in parallel with T-cell subset determination
De Simone C; Famularo G; Tzantzoglou S; Trinchieri V; Moretti S; Sorice F; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of L'Aquila, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: Reduced levels of serum carnitines (3-hydroxy-4-N-trimethyl-ammonio-butanoate) are found in most patients treated with zidovudine. However, since serum carnitines do not strictly reflect cellular concentrations we examined whether a carnitine depletion could be found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P
Ullrich R; Schneider T; Heise W; Schmidt W; Averdunk R; Riecken EO; Zeitz M; Department of Medicine, Klinikum Steglitz, Free University of; Berlin, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: To assess total serum carotene concentration in HIV-infected patients as an indicator of fat malabsorption in correlation with diarrhoea, secondary enteric infections, and blood lymphocyte subsets. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Two referral-based tertiary care centres in Berlin,
Fairley CK; Spelman D; Street A; Jennens ID; Spicer WJ; Crowe S; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Alfred Hospital,; Prahran, Victoria, Australia.
Splenectomy has been reported to alter inconsistently the CD4 lymphocyte numbers in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To further assess the effect of splenectomy we have retrospectively examined the charts of 10 patients who were infected with HIV and who had undergone splenectomy. There w
Antisense Res Dev. 1994 Spring;4(1):19-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339688
Cohli H; Fan B; Joshi RL; Ramezani A; Li X; Joshi S; Department of Microbiology, University of Toronto, Ontario,; Canada.
Moloney murine leukemia virua (MoMuLV)-derived retroviral vectors were engineered to express human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) packaging (psi) signal and Rev response element (RRE) sequences in either sense or antisense orientation. The RRE sequences were expressed under the control of the herpes simplex vir
J Formos Med Assoc. 1994 Apr;93(4):283-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94339747
Lee JH; Department of Clinical Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital,; Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C.
A total of 1,066 serum samples from 911 individuals with repeatedly reactive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were enrolled for confirmatory HIV-1 infection diagnosis during the three years from 1990 to 1993. According to the interpretation crite
2 ,5 -Oligoadenylates (2-5A) have an essential role in the establishment of the antiviral state of a cell exposed to virus infection. The key enzymes of the 2-5A system are the 2-5A forming 2 ,5 -oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5OAS), the activity of which depends on the presence of viral or cellular double-stranded RNA
Cell. 1994 Aug 12;78(3):373-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94340729
Cheynier R; Henrichwark S; Hadida F; Pelletier E; Oksenhendler E; Autran B; Wain-Hobson S; Unite de Retrovirologie Moleculaire Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and T cell proliferation were investigated in situ by a PCR-based analysis of individual microdissected splenic white pulps. Founder effects, revealed by an exquisite compartmentalization of HIV genotypes and T cells, indicated the recruitment of latently infected CD4+ T
Cell. 1994 Aug 12;78(3):389-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94340730
Pope M; Betjes MG; Romani N; Hirmand H; Cameron PU; Hoffman L; Gezelter S; Schuler G; Steinman RM; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology Rockefeller; University, New York, New York 10021.
Experimentally, a productive infection with HIV-1 requires that virus be administered to T cells that are activated by mitogens. We describe a productive milieu for HIV-1 within the confines of normal skin that does not require standard stimuli. The milieu consists of dendritic cells and T cells that emigrate from ski
Zangerle R; Fuchs D; Sarcletti M; Gallati H; Reibnegger G; Wachter H; Dierich MP; Most J; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of; Innsbruck, Austria.
Immune activation seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The immune activation markers neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin can predict the future rate of the decrease in CD4+ T cells. In a longitudinal study, we assessed whether the decline in the CD4+ T-cell count is
Arts EJ; Wainberg MA; McGill AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We assessed the effects of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ), 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddI), and the (-) enantiomer of 2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine ( 3TC ) on reverse transcription in CD4-
Shimizu NS; Shimizu NG; Takeuchi Y; Hoshino H; Department of Hygiene and Virology, Gunma University School of; Medicine, Japan.
T-cell-line-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cannot infect CD4-positive, brain-derived cells. We isolated several new variants that readily infected brain-derived cells. Mutation of proline to serine, to alanine, or to threonine in the well-conserved GPGR sequence in the V3 region of the envelope glycoprotei
J Biotechnol. 1994 Jun 30;35(2-3):281-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94325104
Taylor WR; Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, National Institute for; Medical Research, London, UK.
Many methods exist for taking a sequence that exhibits similarity to another of known structure and building a molecular model. However, when the sequence similarity is very remote and fragmentary, this modelling-by-homology approach is less reliable. Current methods that tackle this problem are reviewed below, taki
OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of oral suspensions of megestrol acetate, 800 mg/d, and placebo on body weight in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related weight loss. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Outpatient community and university patient care setting
Pearlman ES; Ballas SK; Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of; Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; 19107.
We report a false-positive result on an enzyme immunoassay screening test for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus in a 32-year-old nonpregnant woman who belonged to none of the usual risk groups. Because of the patient s employment in an animal care facility, she had received a series of three vaccinations for
D'Souza MP; Geyer SJ; Hanson CV; Hendry RM; Milman G; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize a purified panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to epitopes in HIV-1 envelope V3, CD4-binding region, C4 and gp41. DESIGN: Neutralization and/or binding activity data were obtained from 21 laboratories on a coded panel consisting of seven human MAb, seven mouse MAb, recombinant human CD4 imm
Scadden DT; Wang A; Zsebo KM; Groopman JE; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the early-acting hematopoietic growth factors stem-cell factor (SCF) or interleukin-3 (IL-3), are able to overcome the bone-marrow suppressive effects of cytokines or drugs involved in the hematologic abnormalities that accompany HIV-1 infection. DESIGN: In vitro colony formation assays
Prolonged therapy of AIDS patients with azidothymidine results in the development of resistance to the drug. This phenomenon is accompanied by the appearance of point mutations in the pol gene coding for reverse transcriptase (RT). Kinetic studies of interactions of wild type RT and its forms containing the above-ment
C R Acad Sci III. 1993 Aug;316(8):763-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94319978
Darlix JL; Vincent A; Gabus C; de Rocquigny H; Roques B; LaboRetro INSERM, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, France.
Two DNA strand transfer reactions take place during reverse transcription of the retroviral genome. The first transfer, that of the minus-strand strong stop DNA from the 5 end of the viral RNA to the 3 end, has been studied in vitro with two RNAs mimicking the 5 and 3 regions of the HIV1 genome and with nucleocaps
J Immunol. 1994 Aug 15;153(4):1858-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94321795
Lehner T; Bergmeier LA; Tao L; Panagiotidi C; Klavinskis LS; Hussain L; Ward RG; Meyers N; Adams SE; Gearing AJ; et al; Department of Immunology, United Medical School, Guy's Hospital,; London, United Kingdom.
A s.c. route of immunization was developed in non-human primates, which targets the genitourinary-rectal associated lymphoid tissue. A vaccine consisting of rSIV gag p27, expressed as hybrid Ty virus-like particles (p27: Ty-VLP) was administered in the proximity of the internal iliac lymph nodes. Secretory IgA and IgG
J Immunol. 1994 Aug 15;153(4):1895-904. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94321799
Vogel T; Kurth R; Norley S; Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany.
Multiple antigenic peptides (MAP) comprising eight synthetic peptides corresponding to the V3 loop of HIV-1MN or HIV-1IIIB linked to a lysine core were used to characterize the humoral Ab response of HIV-1-infected patients against this domain. One hundred percent of the tested sera from HIV-1-infected European patien
Li P; Stephenson AJ; Brennan PA; Karageorgos L; Kok T; Kuiper LJ; Swift J; Burrell CJ; National Centre for HIV Virology Research, Institute of Medical; and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia.
H3B cells, a laboratory clone of H9 cells persistently infected with the HTLV-IIIB strain of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), contained significant levels of cell-associated reverse transcriptase (RT) activity measured by in vitro assays using either exogenous or endogenous templates. The cell-associated RT activit
Bristow RG; Douglas AR; Skehel JJ; Daniels RS; Virology Division, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill; Hill, London, U.K.
An analysis of the humoral immunogenicity of a candidate AIDS vaccine (VaxSyn) in a murine model system is presented. Sera taken from a panel of mice immunized with the immunogen were analysed for their ability to bind a panel of gp120-representing peptides and limited reactivity to known sites of immunological intere
Twigg HL 3rd; Soliman DM; Department of Medicine, Indiana University Medical Center,; Indianapolis 46202.
Previous work has shown that alveolar macrophages (AM) from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are superior accessory cells (AC) and secrete greater amounts of T cell-stimulatory cytokines than do normal AM. We now examine the role of AM-T cell adherence in AM AC function by examining the ability of
The epidemiology of infection with human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) types I and II in England and Wales between 1986 and 1992 has been studied. Two sources of data have been reviewed: reports of cases of infection received by the PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, and information about people i
Kaminski M; Hirner A; Low A; Rockstroh J; Vogel J; Klinik und Poliklinik fur Chirurgie, Rheinischen; Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn.
This is a report on five patients suffering from AIDS who underwent emergency abdominal surgery: One patient with gangrenous appendicitis, three with a small bowel perforation and a third with a colonic bleeding. The first outlived the appendectomy by seven month; the second and the third the small bowel resection by
Busso M; Resnick L; Retrovirology Research Department, Mount Sinai Medical Center,; Miami Beach, FL 33140.
To study the functional properties of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) from intact viral particles without the requirement for tissue culture expansion, a method that couples HIV-1 reverse transcription utilizing its endogenous RT (ERT) with polymerase chain reaction amplification (PCR) was developed. Detection of end
el-Farrash MA; Kannagi M; Kuroda MJ; Yoshida T; Harada S; Department of Biodefence and Medical Virology, Kumamoto; University School of Medicine, Japan.
Drastic inhibition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) by mycoplasma has been noted in many laboratories causing confusion in data interpretation. The mycoplasma-related inhibitor of HIV-1 RT was identified as a soluble protein in the particle-free supernatant of a contaminated culture
Maurin M; Roux V; Stein A; Ferrier F; Viraben R; Raoult D; Unite des Rickettsies, Centre National de la Recherche; Scientifique, Faculte de Medecine, Marseille, France.
Rochalimaea quintana was isolated from the blood of a French human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient with bacillary angiomatosis . The isolate showed the typical growth characteristics of Rochalimaea species and was inert when typical biochemical testing was used. The pu
Mutch D; Underwood J; Geysen M; Rodda S; Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville,; Victoria, Australia.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 12 asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-seropositive and nine HIV-1-seronegative donors were screened for proliferative T-lymphocyte responses to peptides derived from a consensus sequence of the HIV-1 env gene products from 25 HIV-1 isolates. Two hundred seventy-ei
Gabuzda DH; Li H; Lawrence K; Vasir BS; Crawford K; Langhoff E; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
The role of vif during the establishment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of peripheral blood T lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages was investigated using vif mutants of three HIV-1 proviral DNAs. Vif was found to be essential for the establishment of productive HIV-1 infection in peripheral b
Montaner JS; Rachlis A; Beaulieu R; Gill J; Schlech W; Phillips P; Auclair C; Boulerice F; Schindzielorz A; Smaldone L; et al; Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital,; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
The aim of this study was to ascertain the safety profile of didanosine ( Videx ; ddI) within the Canadian Open Treatment Program. Symptomatic HIV+ subjects with AIDS or ARC or CD4
Ndumbe PM; Skalsky J; Virus Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical; Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.
We tested serum samples collected in an urban setting (Yaounde) and in a rural area (Manyemen) for the presence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) (anti-HCV). Screening was done by second-generation ELISA and confirmation with second-generation RIBA. In Yaounde, anti-HCV was found in 12.5% of patients with febrile
Tumori. 1994 Jun 30;80(3):216-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94330061
Stein M; Spencer D; Kantor A; Lakier R; Lachter J; Ben-Yosef R; Bezwoda WR; Department of Medical Oncology & Hematology, University of the; Witwatersrand, RSA.
AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) associated Kaposi s Sarcoma (EKS) is widely spread in the Southern African Region. No large studies concerning the role of radiation therapy in the Southern African variant of EKS have been reported to date. METHODS: Over a 10 year period (1982-1992) 25 pa
Vandamme AM; REGA Institute and University Hospitals, K.U. Leuven.
We set up a PCR laboratory for the diagnosis of HIV-1. Probably due to the variability of the HIV-genome, classical primers that performed well in some laboratories in the past, did not suffice for detection of HIV-1 strains in Belgian hospitals. Two new primer sets amplifying a fragment in the LTR-gag gene and in the
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk. 1994;(5):14-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94332010
Podymova SD; Rachvelishvili NB
The paper presents the results of comprehensive studies of quantitative and functional parameters of cellular immunity in 283 patients with chronic liver diseases, using various rosette tests and monoclonal antibody phenotyping of immunocompetent cells. The pattern of changes in blood immunocompetent cells and immunog
Aster RH; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Autoimmune thrombocytopenia occurs in 15% to 20% of patients with HIV infection. When prednisone fails, the conventional choice is splenectomy. When splenectomy fails, other options, established and investigational, still exist.
Tucker TJ; Lyle TA; Wiscount CM; Britcher SF; Young SD; Sanders WM; Lumma WC; Goldman ME; O'Brien JA; Ball RG; et al; Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
As part of an ongoing effort to prepare novel non-nucleoside inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT), a series of 4-(arylethynyl)-6-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-3,4-dihydroquinazolin 2(1H)-ones 4aa-l has been prepared. Target compounds 4a-e were synthesized via addition of various
J Med Chem. 1994 Aug 5;37(16):2513-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94334908
Mohan P; Loya S; Avidan O; Verma S; Dhindsa GS; Wong MF; Huang PP; Yashiro M; Baba M; Hizi A; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of; Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago 60680.
Over 25 selected naphthalenesulfonic acid derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on two different functional domains of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), namely the ribonuclease H and DNA polymerase activities. Most of the analogues were found to be either specific toward the DNA polymerase activit
J Med Chem. 1994 Aug 5;37(16):2520-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94334909
Tetko IV; Tanchuk VYu; Chentsova NP; Antonenko SV; Poda GI; Kukhar VP; Luik AI; Biomedical Department, Institute of Bioorganic and Petroleum; Chemistry, Kiev, Ukraine.
Artificial neural networks were used to analyze and predict the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The training and control sets included 44 molecules (most of them are well-known substances such as AZT , dde, etc.).
Choi WS; Collignon C; Thiriart C; Burns DP; Stott EJ; Kent KA; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772-9102.
The determinants of immune recognition by five monoclonal antibodies (KK5, KK9, KK17, Senv7.1, and Senv101.1) that neutralize simian immunodeficiency virus infectivity were analyzed. These five neutralizing monoclonal antibodies were generated to native SIVmac251 envelope glycoprotein expressed by a vaccinia virus rec
Smith JS; Gritsman K; Roth MJ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Dentistry; of New Jersey/Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway; 08854.
Previous studies showed that an isolated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNase H domain expressed as a fusion protein is highly active in Mn2+, but activity was dependent on a hexahistidine tag located at either the carboxyl or amino terminus of the fusion protein (J. Smith and M. Roth, J. Virol. 67:4037-4
Kang CY; Hariharan K; Nara PL; Sodroski J; Moore JP; IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, San Diego, California 92121.
Preservation of the conformation of recombinant gp120 in an adjuvant, enabling it to elicit conformation-dependent, epitope-specific, broadly neutralizing antibodies, may be critical for the development of any gp120-based human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine. It was hypothesized that recombinant gp120 c
Albert J; Wahlberg J; Leitner T; Escanilla D; Uhlen M; Department of Clinical Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious; Disease Control, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.
Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from a male accused of rape and deliberate transmission of HIV-1 was investigated by sequencing of the HIV-1 pol and gag genes from virus obtained from the male and from the female victim. Parts of the reverse transcriptase and p17gag genes were amplified and
Sijts AJ; De Bruijn ML; Ressing ME; Nieland JD; Mengede EA; Boog CJ; Ossendorp F; Kast WM; Melief CJ; Department of Immunohematology and Blood Bank, University; Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands.
Upon infection with the Moloney murine sarcoma virus-murine leukemia virus (MuLV) complex, H-2b C57BL/6 (B6) mice respond with a class I Db-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, which protects against virus-induced tumorigenesis. In the B6-derived Db mutant B6.CH-2bm13 (bm13) strain, part of the class I Db
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1994 Aug;21(10):1693-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94338166
Kikuchi H; Ono K; Ohtsuka E; Nakayama T; Hirota K; Tezono K; Ogata M; Hori T; Saburi Y; Nasu M; 2nd Dept. of Internal Medicine, Oita Medical University.
Herndier BG; Werner A; Arnstein P; Abbey NW; Demartis F; Cohen RL; Shuman MA; Levy JA; Department of Pathology, San Francisco General Hospital,; California.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize a Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) cell line established from a tumor biopsy from the oral mucosa of an iatrogenically immunosuppressed HIV-negative man. METHODS: Cells were placed in culture and evaluated by a variety of biologic, serologic, karyotypic, and immunologic procedures. Electron microscopic
Berman PW; Eastman DJ; Wilkes DM; Nakamura GR; Gregory TJ; Schwartz D; Gorse G; Belshe R; Clements ML; Byrn RA; Department of Immunology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco,; California 94080.
OBJECTIVE: To assess similarities and differences in antibody responses to recombinant (r) HIV-1IIIB gp120 in chimpanzees, previously protected from HIV-1 infection, and human volunteers immunized in connection with a Phase I clinical trial. METHODS: Frozen sera from humans immunized with rgp120 from HIV-1IIIB and chi
Nozyce M; Hoberman M; Arpadi S; Wiznia A; Lambert G; Dobroszycki J; Chang CJ; St Louis Y; Department of Pediatrics, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, NY; 10457.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of oral zidovudine on the neurodevelopmental functioning of HIV-infected children. METHODS: Oral zidovudine was administered to 54 symptomatic children with vertically transmitted HIV infection (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention class P2). All children were recruited from an
Zagury JF; Cantalloube H; Achour A; Cho YY; Fall L; Lachgar A; Chams V; Astgen A; Biou D; Picard O; et al; Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Cellulaire, Universite P & M; Curie, Paris, France.
We have designed a computer strategy in order to detect systematically peptidic sites with the potential of interfering with the immune regulatory processes. Applying this software to HIV-1 proteins has led us to unravel a few peptidic sites which could either act directly or be the targets of an auto-immune reaction
Turpin JA; Fan SX; Hansen BD; Francis ML; Baca-Regen LM; Gendelman HE; Meltzer MS; Department of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
An active p15 RNase H domain, consisting of amino acids 427-560 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) and a genetically engineered penta-histidine N-terminal affinity tag, was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to apparent homogeneity by immobilized metal affinity chromatogr
Havens JF; Whitaker AH; Feldman JF; Ehrhardt AA; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
This study examined the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and psychiatric morbidity within the context of prenatal drug exposure. Twenty-six HIV-infected, 14 seroreverted, and 20 control (non-HIV-exposed) children were studied; the sample consisted of nonreferred children living in fost
Couillin I; Culmann-Penciolelli B; Gomard E; Choppin J; Levy JP; Guillet JG; Saragosti S; Institut National de la Sante el de la Recherche Medicale, Unit; *363, Paris, France.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces strong responses from human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In a previous report we identified an immunodominant region (amino acids 73-144) in the NEF protein that was recognized by CD8+ class I-restricted CTL of m
Pathol Res Pract. 1994 Jan;190(1):42-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94344844
Thiele J; Titius BR; Kvasnicka HM; Bertsch HP; Erdmann S; Fischer R; Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, FRG.
A morphometric analysis was performed on bone marrow trephine biopsies using sequential double-immunostaining, to evaluate endoreduplicative activity of megakaryocytopoiesis. A total of 104 marrow specimens were studied with employment of monoclonal antibodies PC10 (anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen-PCNA) and Y2
Mod Pathol. 1994 May;7(4):454-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94344943
Pinkus GS; Lones M; Shintaku IP; Said JW; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston,; Massachussetts.
A total of 186 specimens of Hodgkin s disease of various histologic types (127 nodular sclerosis, 39 mixed cellularity, 14 lymphocyte predominance, 3 lymphocyte depleted, and 3 unclassified) were evaluated for the presence of latent membrane protein (LMP) and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-2, two Epstein-Barr viru
Transplant Proc. 1994 Aug;26(4):2176-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94345681
Sumethkul V; Suchirachato K; Iamsilp V; Pairoj W; Bodhiphala P; Chiewsilp P; Department of Medicine and Pathology, Ramathibodi Hospital; Medical School, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Kostianovsky M; Greco MA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson; University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Eight cases of cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were studied by light and electron microscopy and by immunohistochemistry with a panel of antibodies specific for endothelial and histiocytic markers. Light microscopy showed an infl
The safety and efficacy of isoprinosine in HIV-infected individuals were assessed in a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, 24-week study phase, followed by an optional 24-week open treatment phase. The results of the double-blind phase have been reported separately. Of 866 HIV-seropositive individuals randomized, 8
Bourinbaiar AS; Department of Biochemistry, NYU Medical Center, NY 10016.
The ratio of infectious to defective particles has been investigated for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Although the concentration of HIV core p24 protein defined by ELISA permits the estimation of a total number of average-sized HIV particles, it does not provide information on the numerical value of in
Campbell SA; Muller DJ; Jungblut H; Giersig M; Tomm Y; Lewerenz HJ; University of Portsmouth, Department of Chemistry, UK.
Scanning tunnelling microscopy was used to image biological molecules including supercoiled deoxyribonacetic acid and specific retrovirus enzymes, the reverse transcriptases of the avian myeloblastosis virus, the moloney murine leukaemia virus and the human immunodeficiency virus. Measurements were carried out on grap
Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Aug 3;48(3):595-608. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94347147
Fesen MR; Pommier Y; Leteurtre F; Hiroguchi S; Yung J; Kohn KW; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The inhibition of HIV-1 integrase by flavones and related compounds was investigated biochemically and by means of structure-activity relationships. Purified enzyme and synthetic oligonucleotides were used to assay for three reactions catalysed by integrase: (1) processing of 3 termini by cleavage of the terminal din
Donaldson YK; Bell JE; Holmes EC; Hughes ES; Brown HK; Simmonds P; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh,; Medical School, United Kingdom.
The distribution, cell tropism, and cytopathology in vivo of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was investigated in postmortem tissue samples from a series of HIV-infected individuals who died either of complications associated with AIDS or for unrelated reasons while they were asymptomatic. Proviral sequences were de
Atlantic Reporter, 2d Series. 1993 Mar 9 (date of decision);620:327-339. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/42851
The Court of Appeals of Maryland reversed a trial court decision that a surgeon had no duty to either warn his patients that he had tested HIV-positive or to refrain from operating. Two patients of an oncologist brought a negligence action against the estate of a surgeon for not informing them that he had tested HIV p
California Reporter, 2d Series. 1993 Jul 30 (date of decision);21:621-633. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/42901
A California appellate court reversed a summary judgment order against a patient who claimed that she had suffered severe mental anguish and emotional distress upon learning that a surgeon who had previously operated on her had tested HIV positive. The patient, Kerins, had undergone surgery for a uterine tumor. Five d
New York Supplement, 2d Series. 1993 May 3 (date of decision);600:414-416. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/42903
The Supreme Court of Orange County, New York, denied a motion to exclude evidence that the plaintiff, an infant hemophiliac, had also tested HIV positive, in spite of the fact that this information had been negligently disclosed by the hospital to the defendant-counsel. The infant had suffered a head wound at school a
New York Supplement, 2d Series. 1993 May 28 (date of decision);599:350-358. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/42950
An Appellate Division of the New York Supreme Court modified a lower court s dismissal of a patient s claim against his physician for releasing confidential information concerning the patient s HIV status to the patient s employer. The appellate court determined that a private right of action existed against the physi
Federal Supplement. 1993 Feb 9 (date of decision);812:1183-1193. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/43053
A U.S. district court in Alabama held that a pregnant nurse had not been the target of discrimination as a result of the termination of her employment by Flowers Hospital for refusal to provide home care services to a patient suffering from AIDS and an accompanying infectious disease, cryptococcal meningitis. First, t
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