Evaluation of antiviral drugs in cynomolgus monkeys infected with SIV or HIV-2.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1994. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Evaluation of antiviral drugs in cynomolgus monkeys infected with SIV or HIV-2.

Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1993 Sep 19-22;11:abstract no. 100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM11/94191596
Bottiger D; Oberg B; Dept. of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Abstract: Results from the SIVsm/HIV-2SBL6669/cynomolgus macaque models for preclinical evaluation of drugs active against HIV/AIDS will be presented. Substances with proven clinical antiviral efficacy have been evaluated to validate the model (AZT, ddI, ddC, d4T, FLT and PFA). The results show a good correspondence between antiviral efficacy in the monkey model and in patients. Studies on the influence of the virus inoculation dose showed that use of a high titer inoculum decreases the effect of FLT. If a low dose of virus was used pretreatment with FLT could prevent infection. Studies with post virus exposure treatment showed that AZT is not a potent drug to use as prophylaxis after accidental exposure. Treatment experiments in the acute SIV infection, with drugs active against herpesviruses (acyclovir, ganciclovir and phosphonoacetate), did not alter the primary antigenemia. Thus a transactivating mechanism by a replicating herpesvirus is not necessary for the acute SIV-infection. Future use of the SIV/HIV-2/macaque models includes, besides evaluation of new selected substances, development of resistance, infection with mutant viruses, combination therapy and mechanism of pathogenicity. A new model using a SIV/HIV-1 hybrid virus is required to evaluate compounds with selective activity against HIV-1.

Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*DRUG THERAPY Acyclovir/THERAPEUTIC USE Animal Antiviral Agents/*THERAPEUTIC USE Comparative Study Drug Evaluation/METHODS Ganciclovir/THERAPEUTIC USE Human HIV Infections/DRUG THERAPY *HIV-2 Macaca fascicularis Phosphonoacetic Acid/THERAPEUTIC USE Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*DRUG THERAPY *SIV Zidovudine/THERAPEUTIC USE ABSTRACT
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M9470922

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